COPELANDRED	LLC

Standard	Operating	Procedures	(SOPS)

Section	1

General	UAS	Operational	Requirements

A. UAS	General	Operational	Requirements. The	following	operational requirements	apply	to	all	UAS operators, pilots ,	visual	observers,	maintainers
and crewmembers	operating	under	CopelandRED	LLC :

1. PIC	must	always	maintain	VLOS.
2. The	PIC	of	an	aircraft	is	directly	responsible	for,	and	is	the	final	authority	of,	the operation	of	that	aircraft.
3. Each	PIC	controls	only	one	unmanned	aircraft	(UA)	at	a	time.
4. PIC must	hold	an	FAA	airman	certificate.	At	a	minimum,	either	hold	a	Private Pilot	Certificate	or	obtain	a	small	UAS	rating	issued	from	the	FAA.	Or	pass	an
initial	aeronau tical	knowledge	test	at	an	FAA	a pproved,	aeronautical knowledge

testing center.	The	Trans portation	Security	Administration	shall	vet	the	PIC.	The PIC	must	be	at	least	17	years	of	age	and	pass	a	biannual	aeronautical	test.	Make available	to	the	FAA,	upon	request,	the	small	UAS	for	inspection	or	testing,	and any	associated	documents/records	requ ired	to	be	kept	under	the	proposed	rule.
5. The PIC	shall	not	perform	concurrent	duties	both	as	the	pilot	and	the	visual observer	(VO).
6. The PIC will	qualify on	the	aircraft	being	flown prior	to	closed	productions

. 7. Only	one	PIC	per	aircraft	is	authorized,	and	the	PIC	must	be	in	a	position of
control	of	the	aircraft at	all	times

. 8. If	a	VO	is	required: Prior	to	flying	a	closed	production,	the	PIC	and	VO	must	have successfully	completed	a	qualification	process,	as	outlin ed	in	the	pilot	operator’s handbook.	As	this	is	a	requirement	stipulated	by	the	operator,	the	test	must	be developed	and	implemented	by	a	qualified	person	designated	at	the	sole discretion	of	the	operator.	A	record	of	completion	of	this	qualification	proce ss must	be	documented	and	made	available	to	the	Administrator	upon	request. The	PIC	and	VO	must	pass	the	UAS	Knowledge	and	Airmanship	Test	provided	by CopelandRED	LLC	prior	to	working	on	a	live	production.
9. If	a	VO	is	required: The	PIC	and	VO	must	discuss	t he	flight	profile	prior	to	each flight. The	VO	and	PIC	must	be	able	to	communicate	verbally	at	all	times.
10. CopelandRED	LLC	maintenance	shall follow	the	manufacturer’s	UAS aircraft/component,	maintenance,	overhaul,	replacement,	inspection,	and	life limit	req uirements.	When	unavailable,	aircraft maintenance/component/overhaul,	replacement,	and	inspection/maintenance requirements	must	be	established	and	identified	in	the pilot	operator’s
handbook

. 11. CopelandRED LLC must	maintain	individual	training	records	of	all UAS	personnel. All	training	and	testing	will	be	documented	in	the	individual’s	training	record	bythe	instructor	and	initialed	by	the	trainee. A	record	of	completion	of	this qualification	process	must	be	documented	and	made	available	to	the
Administrator upon	request.	Because	the	knowledge	and	airmanship	test qualifications	have	been	developed	by	the	operator,	and	there	are	no established	practical	test	standards	that	support	a	jurisdictional	FAA	FSDO evaluation	and	approval	of	company	designated	examiners ,	the	petitioner	will conduct	these	tests	in	accordance	with	the	operator’s	manual.
12. UAS	operations shall not	be	conducted at night,	as	defined	in	14	CFR	§	1.1.	All operations	must	be	conducted	under	visual	meteorological	conditions	(VMC). Flights	under	spe cial	visual	flight	rules	(SVFR)	are	not	authorized.
13. The	UA	may	not	operate	in NAS	Class	B,	C, D ,	and	E airspace	without	written approval	from	the	FAA. Operation	in	Class	G	airspace	is	allowed	without	written FAA	approval. The	UA	may	not	operate	within	5 nautical	miles	of	the	geographic
center	of	a	non

- towered	airport	as	denoted	on	a	current	FAA

- published aeronautical	chart	unless	a	letter	of	agreement	with	that	airport’s	management is	obtained,	and	the	operation	is	conducted	in	accordance	with	a	NOTA M	as required	by	the COA.	The	letter	of	agreement	with	the	airport	management must	be	made	available	to	the	Administrator	upon	request.
14. At	least	three	days	before	scheduled	filming,	the	operator	of	the	UAS	must
submit	a	written	Plan	of	Activities (See	Copeland RED	Plan	of	Activities	Template) to	the	local	FSDO	with	jurisdiction	over	the	area	of	proposed	filming.	The	3

- day notification	may	be	waived	with	the	concurrence	of	the	FSDO.	The	plan	of activities	must	include	at	least	the	following:

i. Dates	and	times	for	a ll	flights;

ii. Name	and	phone	number	of	the	operator	for	the	UAS	filming production	conducted	under	this	grant	of	exemption;

iii. Name	and	phone	number	of	the	person	responsible	for	the	on

scene	operation	of	the	UAS;

iv. Make,	model,	and	serial	or	N

- number	of	UAS	t o	be	used;

v. Name	and	certificate	number	of	UAS	PICs	involved	in	the	filming production	event;

vi. A	statement	that	the	operator	has	obtained	permission	from property	owners	and/or	local	officials	to	conduct	the	filming production	event;	the	list	of	those	who	gave	permission	must	be made	available	to	the	inspector	upon	request;

vii. Signature	of	exemption

- h older	or	representative;	and

viii. A	description	of	the	flight	activity,	including	maps	or	diagrams	of any	area,	city,	town,	county,	and/or	state	over	which	filming	will be	conducted	and	the	altitudes	essential	to	accomplish	the operation.

15. Before	conducting	op erations,	the	radio	frequency	spectrum	used	for	operation and	control	of	the	UA	must	comply	with	the	Federal	Communications Commission	(FCC)	or	other	appropriate	government	oversight	agency requirements. All	Unmanned	Aircraft	System’s	utilized	by	CopelandR ED	LLC shall follow	the	radio	frequency	requirements	as	outlined	in	the	POH.

16. CopelandRED	LLC	will obtain	an	Air	Traffic	Organization	(ATO)	issued	Certificate of	Waiver	or	Authorization	(C OA),	and request	a	Notice	to	Airman	(NOTAM)	notmore	than	72	hours	in advance,	but	not	less	than	4 8	hours	prior	to	the operation.

Section	2

Pilots In	Command

GENERAL	PERSONNEL	QUALIFICATIONS. This	section addresses	the	qualifications	of	all Unmanned	Aircraft	Systems	(UAS)	flight crew	members,	observers, maintainers,	and other	personnel,	as	appropriate.	All	references	to	a	pilot	certificate	or	Federal	Aviation Administration	(FAA)	written	examin ation	refer	to	a FAA

‐ issued	private	pilot	certificate, a	higher	certification,	or	an	FAA

- recognized	equivalent.

U AS	PILOT	QUALIFICATIONS. CopelandRED	LLC	in	conjunction	with	t he	FAA	is	focused on	ensuring	that	UAS	pilots	have	an	appropriate	level	of	understanding	of	the	Title	14	of the	Code	of	Federal	Regulations	(14	CFR)	sections	applicable	to	the	airspace	where	UAS operate.	UAS	pilots	are	responsible	for	controlling	their	aircraft	to	the	same	standards as	the	pilot	of	a	manned	aircraft.

NOTE: UAS	pilot	time	may	not	be	used	to	meet	the	aeronautical	experience requirements	towards	the	issuance	of	a	manned	aircraft	p ilot	certificate	under	14	CFR
part 61

.

The	Pilot	In	Command	(PIC)	must	possess	at	least	a	private	pilot	certificat e	and	at	least	a

current second

- class	 medical	 certificate.	 The	 PIC	 must	 also	 meet	 the	 flight	 review requirements	specified	in	14	CFR	§	61.56	in	an	aircraft	in	which	the	PIC	is	rated	on	his	or her	pilot	certificate.



### For	operations
, the	designated	PIC:

a) Has been	designated	as	PIC	before	the	flight	commences. b) No	person	may	operate	a	UAS	in	a	careless	or	reckless	manner. c) A	person	may	not	operate	a	UAS	if	he	or	she	knows,	or	has	reason	to	know,	of any	physical	or	mental	condition	that	would	interfere	with	the	sa fe	operation	of
the	UAS. d) Is	responsible	for	the	UAS	flight	operation	as	described	under	14	CFR	part 91 ,	§
91.3 ,	or	an	FAA

- recognized	equivalent.e) Is	responsible	for	determining	whether	the	UAS	is	in	condition	for	safe	flight.	If the	inspection	reveals	a	condition	t hat	affects	the	safe	operation	of	the	UAS,	the aircraft	is	prohibited	from	operating	until	the	necessary	maintenance	has	been performed	and	the	UAS	is	found	to	be	in	a	condition	for	safe	flight.	The	Groun d
Control	Station must	be	included	in	the	preflight inspection.	All	maintenance	and alterations	must	be	properly	documented	in	the	aircraft	records. f) Prior	to	each	flight,	a	zero	altitude	initiation	point	will	be	established	and confirmed	for	accuracy	by	the	UAS	PIC. g) Prior	to	operations	conducted	for	the	p urpose	of	motion	picture	filming	(or similar	operations),	a	flight	demonstration,	administered	by	an	operator

approved	and

- qualified	pilot	must	be	successfully	completed	and	documented. This	documentation	must	be	available	for	review	upon	request	by	the

A dministrator. h) Must	land	as	soon	as	safely	practical	when	any	condition	occurs	that	causes operations	to	be	unsafe.	If	the	UAS	loses	communications	or	loses	its	GPS	signal, the	UA	must	return	to	a	pre

- determined	location	within	the	security	perimeter
and	la nd	or	be	recovered.	The	UAS	must	abort	the	flight	in	the	event	of unpredicted	obstacles	or	emergencies.

i) May	be	augmented	by	supplemental	pilots;	however,	the	PIC	retains	complete and	overall	responsibility	of	the	flight,	regardless	of	who	may	be	piloting the
aircraft. j) Has	the	ability	to	assume	the	duties	of	an	internal	or	an	external	UAS	pilot	at	any point	during	the	flight. k) Must	have	a	thorough	knowledge	of	the	Certificate	of	Waiver	or	Authorization (COA)	issued	to	the	organization	when	conducting	a public	aircraft	operation, and	must	retain	a	copy	to	reference	during	flight. l) Must	be	trained	and	qualified	on	the	specific	UAS	for	the	conduct	of	the	flight with	pilot	operating	handbook

- specific	training	and	demonstrate	proficiency	in all	UAS	operations determined	by	CopelandRED	and	defined	in	the	Knowledge and	Airmanship	Test.	Additional	requirements	are:

i. A	minimum	of	200	flight	cycles.

ii. Twenty	five	hours	of	total	time	as	a	UAS	rotorcraft	pilot

iii. Ten	hours	logged	as	a	UAS	pilot	with	a	similar	UAS	type.

iv. T hree	take

- offs	and	three	landings	must	be	accomplished	in	the preceding	90	days.

v. Normal,	abnormal,	and	emergency	procedures	in	all	specific details	of	the	UAS	being	operated.

m) The	UA	may	not	be	operated	directly	over	any	person,	except	authorized	and consenting	production	personnel,	below	an	altitude	that	is	hazardous	to	persons or	property	on	the	surface	in	the	event	of	a	UAS	failure	or	emergency.	At	all times,	those	persons	mu st	be	essential	to	the	closed

- set	film	operations. n) Regarding	distance	from	nonparticipating	persons,	the	operator	must	ensure that	no	persons	are	allowed	within	500	feet	of	the	area	except	those	consentingto	be	involved	and	necessary	for	the	filming	prod uction. This	provision	may	be reduced	to	no	less	than	200	feet	if	it	would	not	adversely	affect	safety	and	the Administrator	has	approved	it. For	example,	an	equivalent	level	of	safety	may	be determined	by	an	aviation	safety	inspector’s	evaluation	of	the	f ilming	production area	to	note	terrain	features,	obstructions,	buildings,	safety	barriers,	etc.	Such barriers	may	protect	nonparticipating	persons	(observers,	the	public,	news media,	etc.)	from	debris	in	the	event	of	an	accident.	This	is	also	consistent	wi th the	same	FAA	Order	8900.1,	V3,	C8,	S1. o) The	UA	must	remain	clear	and	yield	the	right	of	way	to	all	other	manned operations	and	activities	at	all	times	(including,	but	not	limited	to,	ultralight vehicles,	parachute	activities,	parasailing	activities,	han g	gliders,	etc.). p) The	UAS	may	not	be	operated	by	the	PIC	from	any	moving	device	or	vehicle. q) The	UA	may	not	be	operated	less	than	500	feet	below	or	less	than	2,000	feet horizontally	from	a	cloud	or	when	visibility	is	less	than	3	statute	miles	from	the

PIC

. r) Section 91.17 or	an	FAA

- recognized	equivalent	applies	to	all	UA	crewmembers. s) Prior	to	each	flight	the	PIC	must	inspect	the	UAS	to	ensure	it	is	in a	condition	for safe	flight.	If	the	inspection	reveals	a	condition	that	affects	the	safe	operation	of the	UAS,	the	aircraft	is	prohibited	from	operating	until	the	necessary maintenance	has	been	performed	and	the	UAS	is	found	to	be	in	a	condition	for
safe	f light.	All	maintenance	and	alterations	must	be	properly	documented	in	the
aircraft	records. t) Any	UAS	that	has	undergone	maintenance	or	alterations	that	affect	the	UAS operation	or	flight	characteristics,	e.g.	replacement	of	a	flight	critical
component, must	undergo	a	functional	test	flight	in	accordance	with	the operator’s	manual.	The	PIC	who	conducts	the	functional	test	flight	must	make	an entry	in	the	UAS	aircraft	records	of	the	flight.	The	requirements	and	procedures for	a	functional	test	flight	and	a ircraft	record	entry	must	be	added	to	the operator’s	manual. u) Flights	must	be	operated	at	an	altitude	of	no	more	than	400	feet	above	ground level	(AGL),	as	indicated	by	the	procedures	specified	in	the	operator’s	manual.	All altitudes	reported	to	ATC	must	be in	feet	AGL. v) The	documents	required	under	14	CFR	§§	91.9	and	91.203	must	be	available	to the	PIC	at	the	Ground	Control	Station	of	the	UAS	any	time	the	aircraft	is operating.	These	documents	must	be	made	available	to	the	Administrator	or	any
law	enforceme nt	official	upon	request. w) Each	UAS	operation	must	be	completed	within	30	minutes	flight	time	or	with 25%	battery	power	remaining,	whichever	occurs	first.

Section	3

Visual	Observers	and	Other	Personnel

General	Qualifications. All	observers	must	have	an	und erstanding	of	the	Title	14	of	the Code	of	Federal	Regulations	(14	CFR)	parts	applicable	to	the	airspace	where	theUnmanned	Aircraft	Systems	(UAS)	will	operate.	Observers	are	considered crewmembers.	Observers	must	not	perform	crew	duties	for	more	than	one	U AS	at	a time.	Observers	are	not	allowed	to	perform	concurrent	duties	both	as	UAS	pilot	and
observer.

A. Medical. All	observers	must	have	a	valid	Federal	Aviation	Administration (FAA)	second

- class	medical	certificate	issued	under	14	CFR part 67 ; an	FAA

- recognized equivalent	is	an	acceptable	means	of	demonstrating	compliance	with	this	requirement.
The	second

- class	me dical	certificate	expires	at	the	end	of	the	last	day	of	the	12th month
after	the	month	of	the	date	of	the	examination	shown	on	the	medical	certificate.	Title 14	CFR	part 91 ,		§ 91.17 ,	or	an	FAA

- recognized	equivalent,	applies	to	all	UAS
crewmembers.

B. Training. Observers	must	complete	sufficient	training	to	communicate	to	the pilot	any	information	required	to	remain	clear	of	conflicting	traffic,	terrain,	and obstructions;	maintain	proper	cloud	clearances;	and	provide	navigational
awareness.	This	t raining, is	outlined	in	the	UAS	Knowledge	and	Airmanship	Test and	at	a	minimum, include s knowledge	of:

1. The	VO	responsibility	to	assist	pilots	in	complying	with	the	requirements:

i. Section 91.111 ,	Operating	Near	Other	Aircraft;

ii. Section 91.113 ,	Right

- of

- Way	Rules:	Except	Water	Operations;

iii. Section 91.115 ,	Right

- of

- Way	Rules:	Water	Operations;

iv. Section 91.119 ,	Minimum	Safe	Altitudes:	General;	and

v. Section 91.155 ,	Ba sic	VFR	Weather	Minimums.

2. Air	traffic	and	radio	communications,	including	the	use	of	approved	air traffic	control	(ATC)/pilot	phraseology.

3. Appropriate	sections	of	the	Aeronautical	Information	Manual	(AIM).

Other	UAS	Personnel	Qualifications. Ancillary	pers onnel,	such	as	Systems	Operators (SYSOP)	or	mission	specialists,	must	be	thoroughly	familiar	with	and	possess	operational experience	of	the	equipment	being	utilized.	If	the	systems	being	utilized	are	for
observation	and	detection	of	other	aircraft	for	coll ision	avoidance	purposes,	personnel must	be	thoroughly	trained	on	collision	avoidance	procedures	and	techniques	and	have direct	communication	with	the	UAS	pilot,	observer,	and	other	applicable	personnel.

Observer	Requirement. Visual	flight	rules	(VFR)	UAS operations	may	be	authorized utilizing	either	ground

- based	or	airborne	VOs	on	board	a	dedicated	chase	aircraft.	A	VO must	be	positioned	to	assist	the	PIC	to	exercise	the	see

- and

- avoid	responsibilities required	by	§§ 91.111

, 91.113 ,	and 91.115 by	scanning	the	area	around	the	aircraft	for potentially	conflicting	traffic	and	assisting	the	PIC	with	navigational	awareness.

1. VOs	must:
i. Ass ist	the	PIC	in	not	allowing	the	aircraft	to	operate	beyond	the Visual	Line	of	Sight	(VLOS)	limit.ii. Be	able	to	see	the	aircraft	and	the	surrounding	airspace sufficiently	to	assist	the	PIC	with:

• Determining	the	unmanned	aircraft’s	(UA)	proximity	to	all

aviati on	activities	and	other	hazards	(e.g.,	terrain, weather,	and	structures);

• Exercising	effective	control	of	the	UA;

• Complying	with	§§ 91.111

, 91.113 ,	and 91.115 ;	and

• Preventing	the	UA from	creating	a	collision	hazard.

iii. Inform	the	PIC	before	losing	sufficient	visual	contact	with	the UA	or	previously	sighted	collision	hazard.	This	distance	is predicated	on	the	observer’s	normal	vision.

NOTE: Normal	vision	may	include	use	of	corrective	len ses, spectacles,	and	contact	lenses	as	necessary.

2. Because	of	field	of	view	(FOV)	and	distortion	issues	with	aids	to vision	such	as	binoculars,	field	glasses,	night

- vision	devices,	or telephoto	lenses,	these	are	allowed	only	for	augmentation	of	the
observer ’s	visual	capability;	they	cannot	be	used	as	the	primary means	of	visual	contact.	When	using	other	aids	to	vision,	VOs
must	use	caution	to	ensure	the	aircraft	remains	within	normal
VLOS	of	the	observer.	These	aids	to	vision	are	not	to	be	confused
with	corr ective	lenses	or	contact	lenses,	which	do	not	alter	the
FOV	or	distort	vision.

3. The	responsibility	of	ensuring	the	safety	of	flight	and	adequate visual	range	coverage	to	avoid	any	potential	collisions	remains with	the	PIC.	The	PIC	for	each	UAS	operation	mus t	identify	a location	from	which	the	observer	will	perform	his/her	duties.	This
location	will	be	selected	to	afford	the	best	available	view	of	the entire	area	within	which	the	operation	is	to	be	conducted.

Section	4

General	Maintenance	Personnel	Qualific ations

1) Maintenance	Ratings. An	FAA	Airframe	and	Powerplant	Licensed Personnel	will	be	on	staff	for	all	CopelandRED	UAS	maintenance.

2) Maintenance	Experience. It	is	suggested	that	operators/applicants follow	applicable	guidelines	of	Title	14	of	the	Code	of	Federal	Regulations (14	CFR)	part 65 ,	§ 65.83 ,	as	appropriate,	until	final	Unmanned	Aircraft Systems	(UAS)	regulatory	guidelines	are	available.3) Maintenance Medical	Requirements. At	a	minimum,	the	requirements	of 14	CFR	part 91 ,	§ 91.17 or	a	Federal	Aviation	Administration	(FAA)

- recognized	equivalent	must	be	met.

4) Maintenance	Training. Refer	to	the	Maintenance	Training	Handbook	for all	UAS	Maintenance	Training	gu idelines

.

Maintenance	Record. All maintenance,	preventative	maintenance,	alterations,	status	of replacement/overhaul	component	parts,	and	the	total	time	in	service	of	the	UAS must be	documented	in	the	Maintenance	Log	maintained	by	CopelandRED	for	each	UAS in
service

.

Section	5

ACCIDENT	AND	INCIDENT	INVESTIGATION	AND	REPORTING

Civil	Aircraft	Operations

1) Any	incident/accident	and	any	flight	operation	involving	Unmanned Aircraft	Systems	(UAS)	that	transgresses	the	lateral	or	vertical	boundaries of	a	flight	test	area,	restricted	airspace,	or	other	operational	boundary,
such	as	a	Certificate	of	Waiver	or	Auth orization	(COA),	must	be	reported to	the	Federal	Aviation	Administration’s	(FAA)	UAS	Integration	Office (AFS

- 80)	within	24 hours.	AFS

- 80	can	be	reached	by	telephone	at	202

- 385

- 4636	and	fax	at	202

- 385

- 4559.

2 ) Accidents	must	be	reported	to	the	National	Tra nsportation	Safety	Board (NTSB)	per	instructions	contained	on	the	NTSB	Web	site: www.ntsb.gov

.

3) Further	flight	operations	may	not	be	conducted	until	the	incident,	accident,	or transgression	is	r eviewed	by	AFS

- 80	and	authorization	to	resume	operations	is	provided.