# Technical Support Document

for the
Proposed Rulemaking Action

on the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

and the South Coast Portions of the Revised

2007 State Strategy

Air Division U.S. EPA Region 9 September 2011EPA

- Region 9 Page 2

For further information on this technical support document, please contact:

Wienke Tax Office of Air Planning (AIR

- 2) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

– Region 9 75 Hawthorne Street San Francisco, California 94105 (415) 947

- 4192 tax.wienke@epa.gov

Docu ments referenced in this technical support document may be found in the docket for this rulemaking , docket number EPA

- R09

- OAR

- 2011

- 0 622 , which may be found at www.regulations.gov or at the address listed above.i



### Tech nical Support Document for the Proposed Action on South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan and the South Coast Portions of the

Revised 2007 State Strategy

T able of Contents I. Introduction and Background

A. The 8

- hour Ozone National Am bient Air Quality Sta ndards

1. The 8

- hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards a. Level and Form of the Standard b. Health Effects c. Revisions to the 8

- Hour Ozone Standard s

2. Implementing the 8

- hour Ozone NAAQS a. Designations b. California‘s Request fo r Reclassification of the South Coast 8

- hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

c. 1997 8

- Hour Ozone NAAQS Planning Requirements

B. Ozone Air Quality in the South Coast

C. California ‘s Submittals Constituting the South Coast 8

- hour Ozone Standard Attainment Stat e Implementation Plan

D. Public Notice and Hearing Requirements for and Completeness Determinations on SIP Submittals

1. Public Notice and Hearing Requirements for SIP Submittals 2. Completeness Determinations on SIP Submittals

II. Evaluation of t he South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan and the Revised 2007 State Strategy

A . Emissions Inventories

1. Requirements for Emissions Inventories 2. Emissions Inventories in the South Coast 2007 AQMP for 8

- Hour Ozone and revised 2007 State Strategy 3. Eva luation and Conclusion

B

. Air Quality Modeling and Other Analyses in the South Coast 2007 AQMP 1. Requirements for Air Quality Modeling 2. Overview of the Conceptual Description, Modeling Approach, and Modeling Protocol in the South Coast 2007 AQMP 3. Air Quality Model Selectionii 4. Episode Selection 5. Domain Size and Spatial Resolution 6. Initial and Boundary Conditions 7. Meteorological Model 8. Air Quality Model Performance 9. Modeled Attainment Test for Ozone 10. Weight of Evidence 11. Evaluation an d Conclusion

C. Reaso nably Available Control Measure Demonstration and Control Strategy

1. Requirements for RACM 2. RACM Analy sis in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan a. District‘s RACM Demonstration and Control Strategy b. Local Jurisdiction RAC M Demonstration c. CARB RACM Demonstration and Control Strategy d. CAA Section 182(e)(5) New or Improved Technology Provision 3. Control Strategy in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan 4. Evaluation and Conclusion

D

. Attainment Demonstration

1. Req uirements for Attainment Demonstrations 2. Attainment Demonstration in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan 3

. Enforceable Commitments in the Attainment Demonstration 4 . Evaluation and Conclusion

E . Reasonable Further Progress Demonstration

1. Req uirements for Reasonable Further Progress Demonstration s 2. RFP Demonstrat ion in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan 3. Evaluation and Conclusion

F

. Transportation Control Strategies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP and Attainment 1. Requirements for Transportation Control Strategies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP an d Attainment 2. Transportation Control Strategies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP and Attainment in the South Coast 2007 AQMP 3. Evaluation and Conclusion

G

. Con tingency Measures

1. Requirements for Contingency Measuresiii

2. Contingency Me asures in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan 3. Evaluation and Conclusion

H

. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budg ets in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

1. Requirements fo r Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets 2. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budg ets in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan 3. May 6, 2008 Budget Adequacy/Inadequacy Finding 4. Proposed Action on the Budgets Submitted in 2011

I

. Other CAA Requirements Applicable to Extreme Ozone Nonattainment Areas 1. Enhanced Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program 2. Reformulated Gasoline Program 3. New Source Review Rule 4. Clean

- Fuel Vehicle Program 5. Gasoline Vapor Recovery 6. Enhanced Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 7. Clea n Fuels or Advanced Technology for Boilers 8. CAA Section 185 Fee Program

Appendix A

– CARB Rules and Measures

A. Complete List of State Measures B. State Rules That Do Not Address Ozone Precursors in the South Coast C. State Fuel Measures D. State On

- Road Mobile So urce Measures E. State Consumer Product Measures F. State Vapor Recovery Measures G. Other State Measures

Appendix B

– South Coast District Rulesiv 

# Acronyms & Terms AB: California Assembly Bill ACT: Alternative Control Technique AERR: Air Emissions Report Rule, 40 CFR part 51, subpart A AQIP: Air Quality Improvement Program AQMD: air quality management district AQMP: air quality management plan AQS: Air Quality Subsystem ARB: California Air Resources Board (also CARB) ATPZEV: Advanced Technology Partial Zero Em ission Vehicle BAR: California Bureau of Automotive Repair BARCT: best available retrofit control technology CAA: Federal Clean Air Act as amended in 1990 CALMET: a diagnostic 3

- dimensional meteorological model CAMx: Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions CARB: California Air Resources Board (also ARB) CCR: California Code of Regulations CEFS: California Emissions Forecasting and Planning Inventory System CEIDARS: California Emissions Inventory Development and Reporting System CERR: Consolid ated Emissions Reporting Rule, 40 CFR part 51, subpart A CFR: Code of Federal Regulations CO: carbon monoxide CTG: Control Techniques Guidelines CSBA: California Small Business Alliance District: South Coast Air Quality Management District DPR: Californi a Department of Pesticide Regulation EPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency FDDA: Four Dimensional Data Assimilation FHWA: Federal Highway Administration Fine particulate matter: PM 2.5 FMVCP: Federal motor vehicle control program FR: Feder al Register FTA: Federal Transit Administration GHG: greenhouse gas ICE : internal combustion engine km: kilometer
m: meter MATES: Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study MM5: Mesoscale model MOA: Memorandum of Agreement MPO: metropolitan planning organizatio n MVEB: motor vehicle emissions budget NAAQS: national ambient air quality standard NATTS: National Air Toxics Trends Station NCEP: National Centers for Environmental Prediction NH 3 : ammoniav

NO 2 : nitrogen dioxide NO x : oxides of nitrogen NYQ: not yet qu antified O 3 : ozone OTAQ: EPA‘s Office of Transportation and Air Quality PBL: planetary boundary layer PM: particulate matter PM 10 : particulate matter with a diameter of 10 μm or less, includes PM 2.5 PM 2.5 : particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm o r less PZEV: partial zero emissions vehicle RACM: reasonably available control measures RACT: reasonably available control technology RAMS: Regional Atmospheric Modeling System RECLAIM: Regional Clean Air Incentives Market RFP: reasonable further progre ss ROG: reactive organic gases, used interchangeably with ―VOC‖ RRF: relative response factor RTIP: regional transportation improvement program RTP: regional transportation plan SAPRC99: Statewide Air Pollution Research Center

- 99 SC: South Coast SCAQMD: So uth Coast Air Quality Management District SCE: Southern California Edison SCR: selective catalytic reduction SNCR: selective non

- catalytic reduction SCOS97: Southern California Ozone Study 1997 SIP: state implementation plan SJV: San Joaquin Valley SJVAP CD: San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District SO 2 : sulfur dioxide SO x : oxides of sulfur STMPRAG : Scientific, Technical, and Model ing Peer Review Advisory Group TCM: transportation control measures TCS: transportation control strategies tpd: ton s per day TSD: technical support document UTM: Universal transverse Mercator VMT: vehicle miles traveled VOC: volatile organic compounds WOE: weight of evidence WRAP: Western Regional Air Partnership WRF: Weather Research and Forecasting WSPA: Western States Petroleum Association ZEV: zero emissions vehicleEPA

- Region 9 Page 1 

# Technical Support Document for the Revised Proposed Rulemaking Action on the South Coast 2007 AQMP for 8

- hour Ozone and the South Coast Portions of the Revised 2007 State Strategy

This document provides supporting information and analysis for EPA‘s proposed rulemaking actions on the South Coast Air Quality Management District‘s 2007 AQMP ( adopted June 1, 2007 and revised March 4, 2011 ) and the related portions of the California Air Resources Boa rd‘s State Strategy for California’s 2007 State Implementation Plan (adopted with amendments on September 27, 2007, revised and upd ated on April 24, 2009 and July 21, 2011) that address attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast 8

- hou r ozone nonattainment area. It describe s the Clean A ir Act (CAA) requirements for 8

- hour ozone attainment plans and EPA‘s regulations and policies interpreting these requirements. It also describes the elements of the South Coast 2007 AQMP and 2007 State S trategy, as re vised and supplemented, that address these requirements

, and E PA‘s evaluation of whether the S tate ‘s submittals meet these requirements

.


### A. The 8

- Hour Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

1. The 8

- hour Ozone National Ambient Ai r Quality Standards

a. Level and Form of the Standard

On July 18, 1997, EPA revised the primary and secondary national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for ozone to replace the then

- current 1

- hour ozone standard of 0.12 parts per million (ppm) with a n 8

- hour ozone standard set at a stricter level of 0.08 ppm

. 1

, 2 (62 FR 38856 ). The 8

- hour standards are met at an ambient air quality monitoring site when the three year average of the annual fourth highest daily maximum 8

- hour average ozone concentratio n is less than or equal to 0.08 ppm

. 3 40 CFR § 50.10(b)

1 EPA pr omulgated the 1

- hour ozone standard of 0.12 ppm in 1979. 44 FR 8202 (February 9, 1979). The 1

- hour standards were met when the number of expected days per year on which the level o f the standard was exceeded was less than or equal to 1.0 when averaged over 3 years. We revoked the 1

- hour ozone standards effective June 15, 2005. 40 CFR § 50.9(b), 69 FR 23951 (April 30, 2004).
2 In March 2008, EPA completed another review of the ozone standards and tightened them further by lowering the level to 0.075 ppm. Th e form of the standards remained unchanged. 73 FR 16436 (March 27, 2008).
3 The number of significant figures in the level of the standard dictates the rounding convention for comparing the computed 3

- year average annual fourth

- highest daily maximum 8

- ho ur ozone concentration to the level of the standard. The level of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard is expressed to the second decimal place, 0.08 ppm. The third decimal place of the computed value is rounded, with values equal to or greater than 5 rounding u p. Thus, a computed 3

- year average 8

- hour ozone concentration of 0.085 ppm is the smallest value that is greater than 0.08 ppm. See 40 CFR part 50, Appendix I, section 2.3

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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- Region 9 Page 2 Ground level ozone pollution is formed by the reaction of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the atmosphere in the presence of sunlight. These two pollutants, often referr ed to as ozone precursors, are emitted by many types of pollution sources, including on

- road and off

- road motor vehicles and engines (e.g., cars, trucks

, construction equipment and locomotives) power plants and industrial facilities, and smaller area sourc es (e.g., paints, lawn and garden equipment, and open burning)

. b. Health Effects

Ozone is a significant health concern, particularly for children and people with asthma and other respiratory diseases. Ozone has been associated with increased hos pitalizations and emergency room visits for respiratory causes, school absences, and reduced activity and productivity because people are suffering from ozone

- related respiratory symptoms.

Scientific evidence indicates that adverse public health effects o ccur following exposure to ozone, particularly in children and adults with lung disease. Breathing air containing ozone can reduce lung function and inflame airways, which can increase respiratory symptoms and aggravate asthma or other lung diseases. Ozone exposure also has been associated with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections, medication use, doctor visits, and emergency department visits and hospital admissions for individuals with lung disease. Ozone exposure also increases the risk of premature death from heart or lung disease. Children are at increased risk from exposure to ozone because their lungs are still developing and they are more likely to be active outdoors, which increases their exposure. 62 FR 33856, 33589.

More detailed in formation on the health effects of ozone as well as information on the welfare effects of ozone c an be found at the following web site: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/standards/ozone/s _o3_index.html

.
2. Implementing the 8

- hour Ozone NAAQS

a. Designations

The process for designating areas either attaining or not attaining following promulgation of a n ew or revised NAAQS is found in CAA section 107(d)

. Under this section , each state Governor or t ribal leader has an opportunity to recommend air quality designations to EPA

, including the appropriate boundaries for areas . Under CAA section 107, state and t ribal

r ecommendations are due within one year of promulgation of a new or revised NAAQS , and EPA has one to two additional years to promulgate final designation s

. By no later than 120 days prior to promulgating designati ons, EPA is required to notify states or t ribes of any intended modifications to their recommended areas and boundarie s. States and t ribes then have an opportunity to provide a demonstration as to why the modification s indicated by EPA are inappropriate. CAA section 107(d)(1)(B)(ii). Whether or not a state or t ribe provides a recommendation, EPA must promulgate the desig nation that it deems appropriate

.

For the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard, t he Tran sportation Equity Act for the Twenty Fir st Century (TEA

- 21) revised the deadline to promulgate nonattainment designations to provide an additional year (to July 2000) and additi onal Congressional action restricted EPA‘s authority toT SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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- Region 9 Page 3 spend money to designate areas until June 2001 or the date of the Supreme Court ruling on the litigation challenging the 1997 ozone NAAQS, whichever came first

.

In June 2000

, we asked each state a nd tribal Governor or tribal leader to submit their designation recommendations (including boundary recommendations) and supporting documentation to EPA. Because of uncertainties due to ongoing litigation on the 1997 8

- hour

ozo ne standard, we did not notif y States and T ribes of any intended modifications and did not designate areas at that time. After the legal challenges to the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAAQS we re resolved in 2001, we requested that States and T ribes provide updated recommendations based on ambien t air quality data for the years 2000 to 2002 and any additional supporting documentation by July 15, 2003.

On June 15, 2003, California submitted its recommendations , including the recommendation that the South Coast air basin be designated as nonattain ment for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard

. 4 On September 8, 2003, E PA p ublished a Notice of Availability (NOA) announcing the availability of the State and Tribal recommen dations. See 68 FR 52933.

O n December 3, 2003, we notified California via letter of ou r inten t to accept its recommendations for designating the South Coast air basin as nonattainment. On December 10, 2003 , we published a NOA announcing the availability of our letters. See 68 FR 68805

. States were asked to submit by no later than February 6 , 2004 a demonst ration as to why our modification s w ere not appropriate.

On April 15, 2004 , we designated the South Coast air basin as nonattainment for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard and classified the area as ―severe

- 17 ‖ under CAA section 181( a ) (1) and 4 0 CFR § 51.903(a), Table 1. 5 See 69 FR 23858 (April 30, 2004). The designation, which became eff

ective on June 15, 2004, is codified at 40 CFR § 81.305

. The d esignation of an area as nonattainment for any NAAQS starts the process whereby a
state or t ribe ( or EPA, in lieu of a tribe, where necessary) develop s a n implementation plan that includes, among other things, a demonstration showing how the area will attain the NAAQS by the attainment dates prescribed in the CAA. Under CAA section 182 for ozone nonatt ainment areas and EPA‘s regulations implementing the 1997 ozone NAAQS (see 40 CFR part 51 , subpart X ) , states had until June 15, 2007

— three years after final designations to nonattainment

— to submit to EPA their SIPs demonstrating RFP and attainment. 6 40 CF R §§ 51.910(a)(1)(ii)(B) and 51.908(a).

b. California’s Request for Reclassification of the South Coast 8

- hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

4 See Letter, Catherine Witherspoon, CARB, to Jack Broadbent , EPA

- Region 9, June 1 5, 2003

.

5 See Letter, Michael O. Leavitt, Administrator, EPA, to Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, April 15, 2004.

6 The SIP submittals for meeting the requirements in CAA section 182(a)(1) for emissions inventories and CAA section 182(b)(2) for the implem entation of reasonably available control technologies (RACT) were due 27 months after the effective date of designation. 40 CFR §§ 51.915 and 51.912(a)(2), respectively.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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- Region 9 Page 4 As part of California‘s submittal for the South Coast 1997 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area, the State requested a recl assification of the South Coast from ―severe

- 17 ‖ to ― extre me ‖ under section 181(b)(3) of the CAA. 7

Section 181(b)(3) states: ―The Administrator shall grant the request of any State to reclassify a nonattainment area in that State in accordance with Table 1 of subsection (a) of this section to a higher classification. The Administrator shall publish a notice in the Federal Register of any such request and of action by the Administ rator granting the request.‖ This provision for voluntary reclassification ha s been brought forward as part of the transition from the 1

- hour ozone standard to the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard. See 40 CFR 51.90 3(b) (―A State may request a higher classification for any reason in accordance with section 181(b)(3) of the CAA‖) and 40 CF R 51.903(a) Table 1.

We granted California‘s request for the South Coast Air Basin (and three other areas in California)

, except for Indian country pertaining to the Morongo Band of Mission Indians and the Pechanga Band of Luiseno Mission Indians , on May 5, 2010 (see 75 FR 24409)

. Because t he South Coast 2007 Ozone Plan was developed to address the extreme area planning requirements for the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAAQS in the CAA and EPA‘s implementing regulations, California did not need to make additional sub mittals in response to this reclassification for South Coast.

c. 1997 8

- Hour Ozone NAAQS Planning Requirements

In order to assist states in developing effective plans to address their ozone nonattainment problems, EPA issued a rule for implementing the 1 997 8

- hour ozone standard, also known as the ozone implementation rule. We issued this rule in accordance with the statutory requirements of the CAA set forth in subparts 1 and 2 of Part D of Title 1, i.e.
, sections 171

- 179B , 181 and 182. The rule was prop osed on June 2, 2003 (68 FR 32802) and finalized in two phases. The Phase I rule addressed classifications for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard; revocation of the 1

- hour ozone standard; antibacksliding principles for 1

- hour requirements to ensure continuing progress toward attainment of the 1997 8

- hour standard; attainment dates; and the timing of emissions reductions needed for attainment. See 69 FR 23951 (April 30, 2004 )

. 8 The Phase II rule addressed, among other things, the requirements for reasonably ava ilable control technology and measures (RACT and RACM), reasonable further progress,(RFP), modeling and attainment demonstrations, and new source review. See 70 FR 71612 (November 29, 2005). The rule is codified at 40 CFR part 51, subpart X

.

The ozone i mplementation rule s c over most CAA requirements for 1997 8

- hour ozone

s tate implementation plans. EPA has issued other documents that provide additional guidance on these CAA requirements. We will provide references to these documents as appropriate.

7 See South Coast Governing Board Resolution 07

- 9, (June 1, 2007), p. 12; CARB Resolut ion no. 07

- 41 (September 22, 2007), p. 8, and letter, James Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, to Wayne Nastri, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, November 28, 2007.
8 EPA has revised or proposed to revise several elements of the 8

- hour ozone implemen tation rule since its initial promulgation in 2004. See 70 FR 30592 (May 25, 2005); 70 FR 39413 (July 8, 2005); 74 FR 2936 (January 16, 2009); 75 FR 51960 (August 25, 2010); and 75 FR 80420 (December 22, 2010). None of these revisions, either proposed or f

inal, affect any of EPA‘s proposed actions here.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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### B. 8

- Hour Ozone Air Quality in the South Coast

The South Coast 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area is located in the southern part of California. It comprises portions of Los Angeles County, all of Orange County, and the urbanized portions of San Bernardino an d Riverside Counties. It is home to almost 18 million people and is the nation‘s leading area for goods movement. See Figure IB

- 1 for a map of the South Coast nonattainment area and the major sources of air pollution in the nonattainment area

. The local a ir district with primary responsibility for de veloping a plan to attain the 8

- hour ozone NAAQS in this area is the South Coast Air Quality Management District ( ― SCAQMD ‖ or

― District ‖ ). For a complete description of the 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area, plea se refer to 40 CFR part 81.305.

8

- Hour Ozone Levels in the South Coast

8

- hour ozone levels in South Coast are some of the highest in the country with a design value of 0.112 ppm for the 2008

- 2010 period at the Crestline site

. 9 See EPA, Air Quality Syst em, Quick Look Report, April 14 , 2011

. 10 See Figures IB

- 2 for 8

- hour ozone trends . Figure I B

- 3 is a map of the current ozone monitoring network in the South Coast.

Since com

prehensive monitoring began for ozone in the South Coast in the 1960s , the area ha s seen a decline in ambient levels

. Data presented in Figure IB

- 2 have been validated. All data except 2010 dat a have been certified by SCAQM D. Data for all sites except Compton exceeds 75% annual completeness.

9 See EPA, Air Quality System Quick Look Report dated April 14, 2011 in the docket for today‘s action. A design value is an ambient concentration calculated using a specific methodology from monitored air qu ality data and is used to compare an area‘s air quality to a NAAQS

. The methodolog y for calculating design values for the 8

- hour ozone NAAQS is found in 40 CFR 50, Appendix I. This value is based on 2008 and 2009 data that are complete, validated, and cert ified by the District and on 2010 data that are complete and validated but not yet certified by the District, except for the Compton site, which does not have complete data.
10 Ibid . This value is based on 2008 and 2009 data that are complete, validated, a nd certified by the District and on 2010 data that are complete and validated but not yet certified by the District.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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- Region 9 Page 6 Figure IB

- 1. South Coast Non attainment Area and Location of Major Sources of Air Pollution



### and Location of Major Sources of Air Pollution F igure IB

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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- 2T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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### F igure IB

- 3

– Ambient Ozone Monitoring Locations In the South Coast Air Basin

Source: http://www.aqmd.gov/tao/AQ

- Reports/AQMonitoringNetworkPlan/AppendixA.pdfT SD for the Proposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan September 6, 2011

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### C. California Submittals Constituting the South Coast 8

- hour Ozone

State Implementation Plan

Five submit tals or parts of submittals comprise the South Coast 8

- hour ozone attainment plan. We will refer to these five submittals or parts of submittals collectively as the South Coast 2007 8

- hour ozone plan.

1. Final 2007 Air Quality Management Plan

, SCAQMD, ado pted June 1, 2007, submitted with the adopting resolutions and other supporting documentation by CARB on November 28, 2007. See South Coast Air Quality Management District Governing Board Resolution 07

- 9 ; CARB Resolution No. 07

- 41 , September 22, 2007 ; and l etter
, James N. Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB to Wayne Nastri, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, No vember 28, 2007 with enclosures; and letter, James N. Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB to Wayne Nastri, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, Fe bruary 1, 2008 with enclosures (revising the RFP demonstrations for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley air basins)

. This document will be r eferenced in this TSD and the Federal Register proposal as the ―2007 AQMP‖ and the ―South Coast 2007 AQMP ‖.

2. Proposed State Strategy for California’ s 2007 State Implementation Plan , adopted September 27, 2007, submitted with the adopting resolution and other supporting documentation by CARB on November 16, 2007

. See CARB Resolution No. 07

- 28, September 27, 2007 and letter

, James N. Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB

, to Wayne Nastri, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, November 16, 2007

, with enclosures. This document will be r eferenced in this TSD and the Federal Register proposal as the ―2007 State Strategy ‖.

3. Status Report on the State Strategy for California’s 2007 State Implementation Plan (SIP) and Proposed Revisions to the SIP Reflecting Implementation of the 2007 State Strategy , adopted April 24, 2009, submitted with the adopting resolution and ot her supporting documentation by CARB on August 12, 2009. See CARB Resolution No. 09

- 34, April 24, 2009 and letter, James N. Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, to Laura Yoshii, Acting Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, August 12, 2009 with enclosures. This document will be referenced in this TSD and the Federal Register proposal as the ―revised 2007 State Strategy ‖. 11

4

. Progress Report on Implementation of PM 2.5 State Implementation Plans (SIP) for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Basins an d Proposed SIP Revisions

, adopted on April 2 8

, 20 11 by CARB , submitted with the adopting resolution and other supporting documentation by CARB on May 18

, 20 11

. 12 See CARB Board Resolution 11

- 24,

11 Only pages 11

- 27 of the 2009 State Strategy Status Report are submitted as a SIP revision. The balance of the report is for information al purposes only. See Attachment A to the CARB Resolution, No. 09

- 34.

12 Only Appendices B, C, and D of the 20 11 Progress Report are submitted as a SIP revision. The balance of the report is for informational purposes only. See letter, James Goldstene, Exe cutive Officer, CARB, to Jared Blumenfeld, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, dated May 18, 2011.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 10 April 2 8, 2011 and letter, James N. Goldstene, Executive Offic er, CARB, to Jared Blumenfeld , Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, May 18, 2011 with enclosures. This document will be referenced in this TSD and the Federal Register notice of proposed rulemaking as the 2011 Progress Report

. Appendix F of this SIP revis ion contained the SCAQMD‘s Revisions to the 2007 PM 2.5 and Ozone State Implementation Plans for the South Coast Air Basin and Coachella Valley (SIP Revisions), adopted on March 4, 2011 by the SCAQMD Governing Board and approved by the CARB Board on April 2 8, 2011. This SIP revision includes an update on District rule implementation and commitments provided by SCAQMD for the 2007 AQMP for ozone and PM 2.5
. This SIP revision wa s included as Appendix F in CARB‘s 2011 Progress Report and will be referred to as s uch.

5

. 8

- Hour Ozone State Implementation Plan Revisions and Technical Revisions to the PM 2.5 State Implementation Plan Transportation Conformity Budgets for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Basins

, June 20, 2011 , with Appendices . Adopted by t he CARB Board on July 21, 2011 and submitted on July 29 , 2011. Among other things, t his SIP revision includes a revised RFP demonstration for the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAAQS and revised 8

- hour ozone precursor motor vehicle emissions budgets for transportation conformity. 13 (2011 Ozone SIP Revision)

Future references in this TSD and the Federal Register notice of proposed rulemaking to the 2007 State Strategy will be to the Strategy as revised in 2009 and 2011

, and the South Coast AQMP as revised in 2011, respec tively, unless explicitly noted otherwise. We will also refer to the 2007 State Strategy as revised in 2009 and 2011 as the revised 2007 State Strategy. Finally, both the District and CARB have provided a dditional information on the South Coast 2007 8

- Hou r Ozone SIP. This additional information includes:

1. Letter, Lynn Terry, Deputy Executive Office, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air Division, EPA

– Region 9, May 18 , 2011 , with attachments

. (2011 Progress Report Supplement).

2. Letter, Lynn Terry, D eputy Executive Office, CARB, to Deborah Jordan, Director, Air Division, EPA

– Region 9, August 10, 2011. (2011 Ozone SIP Revision S upplement).

3. Letter, Lynn Terry, Deputy Executive Office, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air D ivision, EPA

– Region 9 , August 10

, 2011 (providing additional information on the transportation conformity budgets).

4. Electronic Mail, Douglas Ito, Chief, Air Quality and Transportation Planning Branch, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air D ivision, EPA

– Region 9, Augus t 9

, 2011 (providing additional information on the transportation conformity budgets).

13 Only Appendix A of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision is submitted as a SIP revision. The balance of the report is for informational purposes only. See Attachme nt A, CARB Res olution No. 11

- 22

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- Region 9 Page 11 5. Electronic Mail, Douglas Ito, Chief, Air Quality and Transportation Planning Branch, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air Division, EPA

– Region 9, August 11

, 2 011 (providing additional information on the transportation conformity budgets).

6. Letter, Elaine Chang, DrPH, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAQMD, to Wienke Tax, EPA Region 9, Air Division, dated August 12, 2011 (providing clarifying information on CAA section 182(a)(1)(A) demonstration )

. 7. Letter, Elaine Chang, DrPH, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAQMD, to Elizabeth Adams

, Deputy Director, EPA Region 9, Air Division, dated August 23 , 2011 (providing information on CAA section 182(e)(3) requirements)

. 8. Letter, James Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, to Jared Blumenfeld, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, dated August 29 , 2011 (providing information on CAA section 182(e)(5) requirements)

.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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### D. Public Notice and Hearing Requirements for and Completeness Determi nations on SIP Submittals

1. Public Notice and Public Hearing Requirements for SIP Submittals

CAA sections 110(a) and (l) require a State to provide reasonable public notice and hearing prior to the adoption and submittal of a SIP or SIP revision. Thus , every SIP submittal should include evidence that adequate public notice was given and a public hearing was held consistent with EPA‘s implementing regulations in 40 CFR § 51.102.

Both the D istrict and CARB have satisfied applicable statutory and regulat ory requirements for reasonable public notice and hearing prior to adoption and submittal of the South Coast 2007 AQMP and the 2007 State Strategy. T he District conducted public workshops, provided public comment periods, and held a public hearing prior t o the adoption of the Plan on June 1, 2007. Documentation accompanying the AQMP describes a public and agency outreach effort. See, e.g., the SCAQMD‘s Response to Comments on the Draft 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (February 2007), submitted by CARB on November 28, 2007 as enclosure I

E, describing nine regional workshops held from October 24 through December 6, 2006 to discuss the draft 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) released on October 10, 2006. The sequence of public meetings held to discuss the elements of the draft State Strategy for California‘s 2007 SIP (State Strategy) is described in the CARB staff report developed for the CARB Board‘s consideration prior to adoption of the State Strategy. CARB also provide the required public notice and opportunity for public comment prior to its September 27 , 2007 public hearing on the South Coast 2007 AQMP. See CARB, Notice of Public Meeting to Consider Approval of the 2007 Air Quality Management Plan for Attaining th e Federal 8

- hour Ozone and PM 2.5 Standards in the South Coast Air Basin and the Coachella Valley . See http://www.arb.ca.gov/board/ma/2007/ma092707.htm and http://www .arb.ca.gov/regact/nonreg/scsip07.pdf

.

CARB conducted public workshops, provided public comment periods, and held a public hearing prior to its adoption of the 2007 State Strategy on September 27, 2007. See CARB, Notice of Public Meeting to Consider App roval of the Proposed State Strategy for California‘s State Implementation Plan (SIP) for the Federal 8

- Hour O z one and PM 2.5 Standards, May 7, 2007 and CARB Resolution No. 07

- 28, September 27, 2007

. CARB provide d the required public notice, opportunity fo r public comment, and public hearing prior to its April 24, 2009 adoption of revisions to the Strategy , and its July 21, 2011 adoption of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision

. 14

14 See CARB, Notice of Public Hearing to Consider a Status Report on the State Strategy for California‘s 2007 State Implementation Plan and Consider Approval of a Proposed Revision to the State Implementation Plan Reflectin g Implementation of the 2007 State Strategy, March 24, 2009 and CARB Resolution No. 09

- 34, April 24, 2009; See CARB, Notice of Public Hearing to Consider the Approval of Proposed State Implementation Plan Revisions for 8

- Hour Ozone and Minor Technical Revi sions to the PM 2.5 State Implementation Plan Transportation Conformity Budgets for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Basins, June 20, 2011 and CARB Resolution No. 11

- 22, July 21, 2011.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 13 2. Completeness Determination s on SIP Submittals

CAA section 110(k)(1) (B) requires EPA to determine whether a SIP submittal is complete within 60 days of receipt. This section also provides that any plan that we have not affirmatively determined to be complete or incomplete will become complete by operation of law six months after the d ay of submittal by operation of law. A completeness review allows us to determine if the submittal includes all the necessary items and information we need to act on it.

We make completeness determinations using criteria we have established in 40 CFR part 51, Appendix V. These criteria fall into two categories: administrative information and technical support information. The administrative information provides documentation that the State has followed basic administrative procedures during the SIP

- adoption process and thus we have a legally

- adopted SIP revision in front of us. The technical support information provides us the information we need to determine the impact of the proposed revision on attainment and maintenance of the air quality standa rds.

We notify a state of our completeness determination by letter unless the submittal become complete by operation of law. A finding of completeness does not approve the submittal as part of the SIP nor does it indicate that the submittal is approvabl e. It does start the 12 month clock we have to act on the SIP submittal. See CAA section 110(k)(2).

The November 28, 2007 submittal of the South Coast 2007 AQMP became complete by operation of law on May 28, 2008. The November 16, 2007 submittal of th e 2007 State Strategy and the August 12, 2009 submittal of the 2009 revisions to the State Strategy became complete by operation of law on May 16, 2008 and February 12, 2010, respectively

.

We found CARB‘s 2011 Progress Report submittal of May 18, 2011 co mplete on June 13 , 2011

. See Letter, Deborah Jordan, Air Division Director, US EPA Region 9, to James Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, dated June 13, 2011.

We fo und CARB‘s 2011 Ozone SIP Revision submittal of July 29 , 2011 complete on August 23 , 2011. See Letter, Deborah Jordan, Air Division Director, US EPA Region 9, to James Goldstene, Executiv e Officer, CARB, dated August 23 , 2011.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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## II. Evaluation of the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan and the

Revised 2007 State StrategyT SD for the Proposed Approval

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### A. Emission s I nventor ies

1. Requirements for Emission s Inventories

CAA section 182(a)(1) requires states with marginal or above ozone nonattainment areas to submit, within two years of an area‘s designation as nonattainment, a ―comprehensive, accurate, current inve ntory of ac tual emissions from all sources‖ of the relevant pollutant or pollutants in accordance with guidance provided by EPA. To implement this section, the 8

- hour ozone implementation rule requir es a S tate to submit an emissions inventory meeting the

r equirements of CAA section 182(a)(1) for each of its subpart 2 8

- hour ozone nonattainment areas by June 15, 2006 (for those areas designated nonattainment effective June 15, 2004). See 40 CFR § 51.915. These in ventories should meet the ozone

– relevant data requirements of EPA‘s Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR, codified at 40 CFR part 51 subpart A). 15 40 CFR § 51.915. The inventories should also meet all other applicable EPA guidance.

EPA has issued the ― Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implementa tion of Ozone and Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations, ‖ EPA

– 454/ R

– 99

– 006

, November 2005 ( ―EI Guidance,‖ available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chie f /eidocs/eiguid/

index.html). EPA developed the EI G uidance to complement the CERR and to pr ovide specific guidance on how to develop base year and baseline emissions inventories for 8

- hour ozone, PM 2.5 , and regional haze SIPs.

EPA recommends that the base year inventory required by CAA section 182(a)( 1) should be for the calendar year 2002 for areas that were initially designa ted nonattainment for the 8

- hour ozone standard in 2004. EI Guidance, p. 8. 16

Emissions inventories for ozone should include emissions of VOC, NOx, and carbon monoxide (CO) and represent an average summer week day during the ozone season. EI Guidance, pp. 14 and 17. States should include documentation in their submittals explaining how the emissions data were calculated. 70 FR 71612, at 71664 and EI Guidance, p. 40. In estimating mobile source emissions, states should use the latest emissions models and planning assumptions available at the time the SIP is developed. 68 FR 32802

, at 32854 and 70 FR 71612, at 71666. For California, t he lates t emissions model means the most recently EPA approved version of EMFAC. C urrent ly, this is EMFAC2007. See 73 FR 3464 (January 18, 2008).

The emissions inventories required under the 8

- hour ozone implementation rule (as opposed to the CERR) are SIP revisions that must be approved by EPA under CAA section 110(k) and are thus subject to the public hearing requirements of section 110(a)(2) and 110(l).

15 In late 2008, EPA promulgated the Air Emissions Reporting R ule (AERR) at 73 FR 76539 (December 17, 2008)

. The AERR updates the CERR reporting requirements by consolidating and harmonizing new emissions reporting requirements with pre

- existing sets of reporting requirements under the NOx SIP Call (which does not ap ply to California). Because this AERR was not finalized until after the submittal of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, its data requirements, in that they differ from the CERR requirements, do not apply to the South Coast 2007 AQMP.
16 See also Memorandum, Lydia Wegman and Peter Tsirigotis to Regional Air Division Directors, ―2002 Base Year Emissions Inventory SIP Planning: 8

- hour Ozone, PM 2.5 and Regional Haze Programs,‖ November 18, 2002. This document is available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/memoranda/2002bye_gm.pdf and the docket for this proposal.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 16 For areas classified under subpart 2, the emissions inventory submittals are due one year before the attainment and/or RFP plan. Applicable EPA poli cy allows a state to defer the public hearing on its inventory until the time it adopts its attainment and/or RFP plan. 70 FR 71612 at 71664 and memorandum, John Calcagni and William Laxton, EPA

- OAQPS, ―Public Hearing Requirements for 1990 Base Year Emissi ons Inventories for Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Areas,‖ September 29, 1992.

In addition to the base year inventory, states must also develop baseline inventories as part of the reasonable further progress demonstration required by CAA section 182(b)(1) and (c)(2)(B). The requirements for RFP baseline inventories will be discussed in section II.G. of this TSD.

2. Emissions Inventories in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan and the Revised 2007 State Strategy

Note : We discuss CARB‘s statewide inventory to provide background to our evaluation of the emissions inventories in the South Coast 2007 AQMP. We are not proposing any SIP action on the statewide inventory here, onl y on the South Coast inventory

.

C ARB submitted statewide inventories for the ozone p recursors VOC and NOx as part of the 2007 State Strategy. 17 See Appendix A of the Statewide Strategy for the emission inventory output tables and Appendix F of the Statewide Strategy for documentatio n of the emissions inventory. Summer planning i nventorie s are provided for the base year of 2002 and baseline years of 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020, and 2023. 18 These statewide emissions inventories are assembled and maintained by CARB in the California Emission I nventory Development and Reporting System (CEIDARS) and the California Emission Forecasting and Planning Inventory System (CEFS) databases. Both systems are described in Appendix F of the 2007 State Strategy

. In 2004, CARB submitted the 2002 base year in ventory including all necessary data elements to EPA as required by the CERR.

The inventories in Appendix A of the 2007 State Strategy are summer season planning inventories on which the 2007 State Strategy is based. Baseline inventories incorporate redu ctions from control measures adopted prior to December 2006

. 2007 State Strategy, Appendix A, p. 1. Specific adjustments for State and District rules adopted in the 2004 to 2006 time period, as well as adjustments to among other things, heavy duty truck VMT in 2005 and pesticide emissions, are described in the int roductory section to Appendix A of the State Strategy and also in Appendix III of the South Coast 2007 AQMP

.

The baseline planning inventories for VOC, NOx, and CO for the South Coast 8

- hour

ozo ne nonattainment area together with additional documentation for the inventories are found in Appendices III and V of the Sout h Coast 2007 AQMP . Average annu al day, winter planning day

17 CARB uses the term ROG (reactive organic gases) where we use the term VOC. We will use the term VOC to refer to both ROG and VOC.
18 The Revised 2007 State Strategy and the 2007 South Coast AQMP address both the 8

- hour ozone standard and the PM 2.5 standards; therefore, baseline inventories are given not on ly for years o f importance for 8

- hour ozone plans but also one s of importance for PM 2.5 plans.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 17 and summer day planning inventories are provided for ozone precursors f or the year 2002 (the base year for the attainment and RFP demonstrations), 2005

, and the RFP years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020, and for the attainment year of 2023

. (2023 is the attainment year for extreme areas, South Coast‘s current classification ). The inventories use EMFAC2007 for estimating on

- road motor vehicle emissions. See South Coast 2007 AQMP page 3

- 1. The inventories in the South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix III are consistent with the inventories in the 2007 State Strategy, Appendix A. Thes e inventories provide the basis for the control measure analysis and the RFP and attainment demonstrations.

All inventories include emissions from point, are a, on

- road, and non

- road sources . N one specifically show emissions from non

- anthropogenic sources (that is, natural sources) although inventories developed for input into the air quality modeling do include such sources. South Coast 2007 AQMP , p. 1

- 4.

A sum mary of the 2002 base year and the baseline planning inventories f or the years 2005, 2008, 20 11, 2014 , 2017, 2020 and 2023 from the South Coast 2007 AQMP as submitted in November of 2007 is p rovided in Table A

- 1 below.

Additional Revisions to the Plan’s Base Year and Projected Baseline Inventories As part of its 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, CARB subm itted revised base year and baseline inventories. These revisions were the result of several factors including revised inventorying methodologies, better activity and usage data, the reductions from measures adopted since 2007, and changes to economic fore casts for certain source categories in 2008 and later years

. CARB also made technical changes to the inventory for diesel trucks and buses as part of its December 2010 rulemaking amending its In

- Use On

- Road Truck and Bus Rule. These included updates and r evisions to: regional allocation factors

out

- of

- state vehicle miles traveled estimates new vehicle inventory categories lifetime mileage assumptions

See CARB, Staff Report: Initial State of Reasons for Proposed Rulemaking, Proposed Amendments to the Truck and Bus Regulations, The Drayage Truck Regulation and the Tractor

Trailer Greenhouse Gas Regulation , October 2010, p. 17. CARB also comprehensively updated and revised the inventory for off

- road equipment as part its December 2010 rulemaking amending the I n

- Use Off

- Road Equipment Rule. These included updates and revisions to: equipment population hours of use load factors future equipment sales and activity

See CARB, Staff Report: Initial State of Reasons for Proposed Rulemaking, Proposed Amendments to the Regulation for In

- Use Off

- Road Diesel

- Fueled Fleets and the Off

- Road Large Spark

- Ignition Fleet Requirements, October 2010, pp. 16

- 17.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 18 Collectively, these revisions reduce the total 2002 base year NO x and VOC inventory by approximately 5 percent and 2 perc ent, respectively. CARB 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix B. See Table A

- 2 below. These percentage differences were calculated by taking difference between the 2002 NOx and VOC base year emissions in Table A

- 1 (1078 tpd NOx and 896 tpd VOC, respectively), subtracting the revised 2002 NOx and VOC base year emissions in Table A

2 (1 024 tpd NOx and 881 tpd VOC), dividing by the 2002 base year emissions value from Table A

- 1, and multiplying by 100.

From late 2007 until mid

- 2009 , California experienced a n econo mic recession that greatly reduced the level of a ctivity in the State‘s construction and goods movement sectors

. 2011 Ozone SIP Revisions, Appendix B. As a result, current and projected emission levels from these categories in the years up to 2017

- 2018 are now substantially lower than were origi nally projected in 2007 South Co ast Ozone Plan as submitted in November 2007.

Recession

- caused decreases in emissions do not affect either the Plan‘s modeling validation y ear s ( 1997/2004/2005), base year (200 2 ) , or f uture year (2020 and 2023) inventories and thus do not change the carrying capacity estimates in the Plan (that is, they do not in themselves affect the target level of overall emissions needed to demonstrate attainment) or the starting point for the reaso nable further progress demonstration. Their principal effect is to reduce the reductions needed from the SIP‘s control strategy to demonstrate RFP in the years prior to 2018.

3

. Evaluation and Conclusion

The emissions inventories were made available to t he public for comment at the same time as the draft 2007 S tate Strategy and the draft South Coast 2007 AQMP, and were subject to public hearing as part of final version of the 2007 State Strategy and the South Coast 2007 AQMP . See CARB Resolution 07

- 28, p .3, and South Coast Air Quality Management District Governing Board Resolution 07

- 9

, June 1, 2007

, p. 2. Revisions to the inventory were also made available to the public for comment prior to adoption. See CARB, ―Notice of Public Hearin g to Consider the A pproval of Proposed State Implementation Plan Revisions for 8

- Hour Ozone and Minor Technical Revisions to the PM 2.5 State Implementation Plan Transportation Conformity Budgets for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Basins, ‖ June 20, 2011 and CARB R esolution No . 11

- 22 , July 21, 2011.

CARB has revised the RFP demonstration, the contingency measures, and the transportation conformity motor vehicle emissions budge ts in the South Coast 2007 Ozone Plan to incorporate both methodology and (when appropr iate) recession changes to the inventories. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, and also section s II.E

, G, and H of this TSD.

Consistent with the 8

- hour ozone implementation rule, the South Coast 2007 AQMP uses a 2002 base year inventory. When co nsidered together with the inventory documentation in Appendix F of the State Strateg y, Appendix III of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, and the air quality modeli ng documentation in Appendix V of the South Coast 2007 AQMP , it contains all the elements required by EPA‘ s emission inventory guidance. The on

- road mobile source inventories use the latest EPA

- approved version of California‘s mobile source emissions model, EMFAC2007.T SD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 19 Based on our evaluation of the inventories and the recent changes to them , we propo se to find that the 2002 base year emissions inventory in the 2007 State Strategy and the 2007 So u t h Coast AQMP for 8

- hour ozone

, as revised by the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision

, provides for a ―comprehensive, accurate, current inventory of ac tual emissions from all sources o f the relevant pollutant‖ at the time of their submittal, as required by CAA section 182(a)(1)

. We also find that the future year baseline inventories in the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone SIP provide an adequate basis for the SIP‘s reasonably available control measure demonstration and the adjusted base year inventory in the RFP demonstration.TSD for the Proposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 20 Table A

- 1 

### Emission Inventory Summary for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area , South Coast 2007 AQMP (tons per summer average day)

20 02 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023 NOx Stationary and Area Sources 89 91 82 74 71 69 69 69

On

- Road Mobile Sources 611 563 427 354 287 232 184 161

Off

- Road Mobile Sources 378 365 339 310 292 278 272 275

Total 1078 1020 848 738 650 578 524 506

VOC Stationary and Area Sources 317 277 252 258 264 271 278 285

On

- Road Mobile Sources 360 302 214 175 148 129 114 103

Off

- Road Mobile Sources 219 218 189 170 157 150 147 148

Total 896 796 655 603 569 549 538 536TSD for the Proposed Approval

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- 1 

### Emission Inventory Summary for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area , South Coast 2007 AQMP (tons per summer average day)

20 02 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023 CO Stationary and Area Sources 89 110 115 113 113 114 116 117

On

- Road Mobile Sources 3646 2951 2098 1688 1385 1149 971 839

Off

- Road Mobile Sources 1230 1201 1193 1192 1218 1251 1297 1355

Total 4965 4262 3406 2993 2715 2515 2385 2312

Source: South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix III, Tables B

- 1, B

- 2, B

- 3, B

- 5, B

- 6, B

- 7, B

- 8

, and B

- 9

. Numbers may not add to 100% due to rounding.TSD for the Proposed Approval

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### Table A

- 2. Revised Emissions Inventory Summary for the South Coast Ozone Nonattainment Area (summer planning inventory emissions in tons per day) a

Emissions Inventor y category NOx

200 2 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023

Stationary/Areawide Sources 89 82 73 71 68 68 68

On

- road Mobile Sources 652 422 327 276 224 185 140

Off

- road Mobile Sources 283 225 191 185 187 176 170

TOTAL 1024 728 591 532 479 428 378

VOC

200 2 2008 2011 2014 2017 20 20 2023

Stationary/Areawide Sources 318 247 252 254 260 267 273

On

- road Mobile Sources 361 211 171 135 119 107 98

Off

- road Mobile Sources 202 174 156 146 141 140 142

TOTAL 881 632 580 535 520 514 513

a Numbers may not add due to rounding. Source: 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix B

- 2. Incorporates reductions from measures adopted prior to 2011.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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### B. Air Quality Modeling and Other Analyses in the South Coast 2007 AQMP

1. Requirements for Air Quality Model ing

CAA section 172(c)(1) requires states to submit a plan which ―shall provide for attainment of the national primary ambient air quality standards.‖ The Act requires SIPs for nonattainment areas to demonstrate that the area will attain the 8

- hour ozone standard as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than outside dates established by the Act. The Phase 2 Rule provides timing and guidance for this requirement for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard and identifies the modeling guidance available to make the demonstration. Extreme 1997 8

- hour ozone nonattainment areas must attain the standard no later than June 15, 2024. An attainment demonstration SIP must include technical analyses to locate and identify sources of emissions that are causing violations of the NAAQS within nonattainment areas; adopted measures with schedules for implementation and other means and techniques necessary and appropriate for attainment; and contingency measures required under section 172(c)(9) of the Act that can be implemente d without further action by the State or the Administrator to cover failures to meet RFP milestones and/or attainment.

EPA‘s regulations at 40 CFR 51.908(c) specifically require that areas classified as moderate and above submit a modeled attainment demo nstration based on a photochemical grid modeling evaluation or any other analytical method determined by the Administrator to be at least as effective as photochemical modeling. Section 51.908(c) also requires each attainment demonstration to be consistent with the provisions of section 51.112, including Appendix W to 40 CFR part 51 (i.e.,  ̳ ̳EPA‘s Guideline on Air Quality Models,‘‘ 68 FR 18440, April 15, 2003). EPA has issued the

― Guidance on the Use of Models and Other Analyses for Demonstrating Attainmen t of Air Quality Goals for Ozone, PM 2.5 , and Regional Haze‖, EPA

- 454/B

- 07

- 002, April 2007, (available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/scram/guidance/guide/final

- 03

- pm

- rh

- guid

ance.pdf

, which describes the criteria that an air quality model and its application should meet to qualify for use in an 8

- hour ozone attainment demonstration.

As with any predictive tool, there are inherent uncertainties associated with photochemical modeling. EPA‘s guidance recognizes these limitations and provides approaches for considering other analytical evidence to help assess whether attainment of the NAAQS is likely. This process is called a WOE determination. EPA‘s modeling guidance for the 1997 8

- hour attainment demonstration procedures includes a WOE analysis as an integral part of the attainment demonstration. This guidance strongly recommends that all attainment demonstrations include supplemental analyses beyond the recommended modeling. These supplemental analyses would provide additional information such as data analyses, and emissions and air quality trends, which would help strengthen the overall conclusion from the photochemical modeling. A WOE analysis is specifically recommended to be included as part of any attainment demonstration SIP where the modeling results predict Future Design Values (FDVs) ranging from 82 to less than 88 ppb (EPA‘s 2007 A.D. guidance document s ).

2. Overview of the Conceptual Description, Modeling Approach , and Modeling Protocol in the South Coast 2007 AQMP

a. Conceptual ModelTSD for the P roposed Approval

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EPA ‘s recommendations on conceptual model s for 8

- hour ozone are discussed in the ― Guidance on the Use of Models and Other Analyses for Demonstrating Attainment of Air Quality Goals for Ozone, PM 2.5 , and Regional Haze‖, EPA

- 454/B

- 07

- 002, April 2007, the Guidance in Section 11, How Do I Get Started?

- A ―Conceptual Description‖. A ―conceptual description‖ is a qualitative way of characterizing the nature of an ar ea‘s nonattainment or regional haze problem. It is best described by identifying key components of a description. 19 The guidance identifies twelve key components of a description for 8 hour ozone 20 :

Conceptual Model of an 8

- Hour Ozone Episode in the AQPM

The conceptual model of an 8

- Hour ozone episode for the South Coast Air Basin is discussed in Chapter 4 of Appendix V of the South Coast 2007 AQMP , and in the Draft Modeling Protocol f or Ozone a nd Particulate Matter Modeling i n Support o f t he South Coast Air Quality Management District 2007 Air Quality Management Plan Update. 21 (available at : http://aqmd.gov/aqmp/07aqmp/aqmp/Appendix_V.pdf )

Several field studies (SCAQS, [1987], and SCOS97, [1998 ]) and previous AQMPs have described at length the development of an ozone episode in the Basin. The focus of many of these analyses was to simulate the observed 1

- hour maximum concentration in the modeling domain . Cassmassi used Classification and Regress ion Tree analysis (CART) to determine whether the conceptual model for a 1

- hour ozone episode differed from the meteorological profile characterizing an 8

- hour average ozone episode in the Basin. The results of the analysis indicated that the peak 1

- hour e pisodes were a subset of the 8

- hour episodes and the meteorological profiles contributing to both scenarios were nearly identical. As such, the development of the 8

- hour conceptual model for the Basin and the methodology to select and characterize episodes relies on the basic models constructed to describe the Basin 1

- hour ozone episode.

The Draft Modeling Protocol provides an extended discussion of the meteorological and air quality profile of four of the five 2004 and 2005 episodes, in addition to the Au gust 1997 episode, selected for evaluation in the ozone attainment demonstration. The August 2

- 9, 2005 meteorological episode was selected as a replacement for the June 2004 episode after the release of the Draft Modeling Protocol. In general, elevated con centrations of ozone (both 1

- and 8

- hour average) occur under a west coast or Four Corners ridge of high pressure aloft. Typically, the 500 mb pressure surface heights above mean sea level (msl) exceed 5880 m and generate a strong low level subsidence inve rsion (10o C in strength or higher). The surface pressure gradient (i.e. wind forcing) typically is less than 5 mb between the coast and the desert (approximately 200 km in distance) and days often begin with a deck of morning coastal stratus that extends into the near valleys then burns off in the late

19 Guidance on the Use of Models and Other Analyses for Demonstrating Attainment of Air Quality Goals for Ozone, PM 2.5 , and Regional Haze‖, EPA

- 454/B

- 07

- 002, April 2007, p. 1 26.
20 Guidance, pp. 126

- 127.
21 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 25 morning hours. The more severe episodes tend to have neutral to slightly off shore pressure gradient forcing and clear skies.

Each of the 2004 and 2005 meteorological episodes selected for the ozone attainm ent demonstration fit this model. Figure V

- 4

- 3 illustrates the 500 mb upper air structure over the west coast during the July 2005 meteorological episode. Figure V

- 4

- 4 provides the 1200 UTC (4:00 am PST) temperature profile for July 16, 2005. 22

b . Modelin g Approach

A summary of the modeling methodologies used in the Final 2007 AQMP is listed in Table V

- 1

- 1.

, below. The methodologies used in the 2003 AQMP are provided for comparison. 23

c

. Modeling Protocol, Peer Review, and Advisory Committee

EPA Rec ommendations

22 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

- 4

- 12.
23 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

- 1

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- Region 9 Page 26 EPA‘s recommendations for a modeling protocol are discussed in the Guidance in Section 1 2.0: What Does A Modeling/Analysis Protocol Do, And What Does Developing One Entail? 24

. As noted above, the most important function of a protocol is to serve as a means for planning and communicating up front how a modeled attainment demonstration will be performed. The protocol is the means by which States/Tribes, U.S. EPA, and other stakeholders can assess the applicability of default recommendations an d develop alternatives. A good protocol should lead to extensive participation by stakeholders in developing the demonstration. It should also reduce the risk of spending time and resources on efforts which are unproductive or inconsistent with EPA policy.

The protocol also serves several important, more specific functions. First, it should identify who will help the State/Tribe or local air quality agency (generally the lead agency) undertake and evaluate the analyses needed to support a defensible demons tration (i.e., the stakeholders). Second, it should identify how communication will occur among States/Tribes and stakeholders to develop consensus on various issues. Third, the protocol should describe the review process applied to key steps in the demons tration. Finally, it should also describe how changes in methods and procedures or in the protocol itself will be agreed upon and communicated with stakeholders and the appropriate U.S. EPA Regional Office(s). Major steps to implement the protocol should b e discussed with the appropriate U.S. EPA Regional Office(s) as they are being decided. States/Tribes may choose to update the protocol as major decisions are made concerning forthcoming analyses.

The Guidance also lists key elements that should be discus sed in the protocol. 25

1. Overview of Modeling/Analysis Project a. Management structure b. Technical committees or other communication procedures to be used c. Participating organizations d. Schedule for completion of attainment demonstration or uniform ra te of progress analyses e. Description of the conceptual model for the nonattainment area (or Class I area(s)) 2. Model and Modeling Inputs a. Rationale for the selection of air quality, meteorological, and emissions models b. Modeling domain c. Horizontal and vertical resolution d. Specification of initial and boundary conditions e. Episode selection f. Description of meteorological model setup g. Development of emissions inputs h. Geographic area identified for application of the attainment test(s) i. Met hods used to quality assure emissions, meteorological, and other model inputs 3. Model Performance Evaluation a. Describe ambient data base

24 Guidance, p. 133.
25 Guidance, p. 134.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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b. List evaluation procedures c. Identify possible diagnostic testing that could be used to improve model performanc e 4. Supplemental Analyses a. List additional analyses to be completed to corroborate the model attainment test b. Outline plans for conducting a weight of evidence determination, should it be
necessary 5. Procedural Requirements a. Identify how modeling a nd other analyses will be archived and documented b. Identify specific deliverables to EPA Regional Office

Modeling Protocol in the AQMP

The Modeling Protocol for Ozone and Particulate Matter Modeling in Support of the South Coast Air Quality Management District 2007 Air Quality Management Plan Update Draft Report May 9, 2006 is included as an attachment to the South Coast 2007 AQMP 26

. The protocol for the 2007 AQMP was reviewed by a technical and advisory group.

The Scientific, Technical, and Modeling Peer Review Advisory Group (STMPRAG) role expands upon that of the MWG and includes experts in socioeconomic assessment and human health, providing review of AQMD modeling, monitoring and related scientific issues. The STMPRAG assists AQMD in resolving te chnical issues related to air quality and socio

- economic modeling by providing ongoing technical review and consensus of procedures and analyses. The STMPRAG consists of approximately 20 members appointed by the Governing Board, with representatives from USEPA, CARB, Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), the California Small Business Alliance (CSBA), Southern California Edison (SCE), Western States Petroleum Association (WSPA), and technical experts from universities and consultant firms. 27

A s ummary of p reliminary c ritiques of p eer r eviewers of the m odeling p rotocol is included in the 2007 AQMP. 28

EPA Discussion

The protocol adequately addresses the management structure, including the technical advisory committees. The required technica l elements outlined in the Guidance are included in the protocol, and the individual elements are discussed below. Future protocol should address the procedural requirements in greater detail.

26 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V , Attachment 3, p. 20 DRAFT Modeling Protocol for Ozone And Particulate Matter Modeling in Support of the South Coast Air Quality Management District 2007 Air Quality Management Plan Update, Draft Report May 9, 2006 .
27 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Attachment 3, p. 20 DRAFT Modeling Protocol for Ozone And Particulate Matter Modeling in Support of the South Coast Air Quality Management District 2007 Air Quality Management Plan Update Draft Report May 9, 2006.
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- Region 9 Page 28 3. Air Quality Model Selection

EPA Recommendations

EPA‘s recommendations for air quality model selection are discussed in the Guidance in Section13.0: ―What Should I Consider In Choosing An Air Quality Model ? A model should meet several general criteria for it to be a candidate for consideration in an attainment demonstration or uniform rate of progress assessment. These general criteria are consistent with requirements in 40 CFR 51.112 and 40 CFR part 51, Appendix W (U.S. EPA, 2005d). We are not recommending a specific model for use in attainment demonstration or uniform rate of progress assessment. At present, there is no single model which has been extensively tested and shown to be clearly superior than its alternatives. Thus, 40 CFR Part 51 Appendix W does not identify a ―preferred model‖ for use in attainme nt demonstrations of the NAAQS for PM2.5. Based on the language in 40CFR Part 51 Appendix W, models used for these purposes should meet requirements for ―alternative models‖. 29

States/Tribes should use a non

- proprietary model, which is a model whose sour ce code is available for free (or for a ―reasonable‖ cost). Furthermore, the user must be able to revise the code to perform diagnostic analyses and/or to improve the model‘s ability to describe observations in a credible manner. Several additional prerequ isites should be met for a model to be used to support an attainment demonstration.

(1) It should have received and been revised in response to a scientific peer review. (2) It should be appropriate for the specific application on a theoretical basis. (3) It should be used with a data base which is adequate to support its application. (4) It should be shown to have performed well in past ozone or PM modeling applications. (If the application is the first for a particular model, then the State should note w hy it believes the new model is expected to perform sufficiently.) (5) It should be applied consistently with a protocol on methods and procedures.

Air Quality Model Selection in the South Coast 2007 AQMP

The selection process, models considered, issues, and comments for the air quality and meteorological models are discussed in the mo deling protocol on pages 25

- 27. These issues are summarized in TABLE 3: Summary of Proposed 2007 AQMP Model Selection and Application, of the modeling protocol. 30

29 Guidance, p. 136.
30 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Attachment 3, p.13

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- Region 9 Page 29 Th e model selection process is also discussed in South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Chapters 1 and 4

.

CAMx was selected as the modeling tool used in the Final 2007 AQMP ozone modeling attainment demonstration. CAMx is an urban scale, three

- dimensional, grid

- type, numerical simulation model. For the Final 2007 AQMP, CAMx has been coupled with SAPRC99 gaseous chemistry for the ozone attainment demonstration. In addition, as prev i ou s ly discussed, CAMx is one of the modeling platforms recommended by the peer re view.

Modeling ApproachTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 30 CAMx simulations were conducted using a Lambert Confo r mal projection over the 5 km squared grid SCOS97 modeling domain. The modeling analyses were run using 16 vertical layers up to 5000 m above ground level. CAMx simulations were generated for six meteorological episodes including one period in 2004, four periods in 2005 and one in 1997. Table V

- 1

- 2 provides a comparison for the meteorological episodes evaluated in the current and preceding attainment demonstrations. The August

, 1 997 SCOS97 m eteorological episode was retained for this analysis to provide a bridge from the 2003 AQMP attainment demonstration. The five episodes observed in 2004 and 2005 occurred during MATES

- III, a period of enhanced air quality monitoring in the Bas in. Supporting MATES

- III, the District operated three radar wind profilers in the Basin, with radio acoustic sounding systems and also enhanced its Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) programs. Additional profiler data was obtained from o perating sites in Ventura and San Diego Counties. 31

The model system configuration is described in Table V

- 4

- 6, below.

TABLE V

- 4

- 6 : Air Quality Modeling System Configuration 32

31 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, p. V

- 1

- 10.
32 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, p. V

- 4

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EPA believes that the air quality model selection process was appropriate for ozone modeling in the South Coast Basin. The model and a ir q uality m odeling s ystem c onfiguration are appropriate for the specific application on a theoretical basis . The a ir q uality m odeling s ystem c onfiguration received and was revised in response to scientific peer review. CAMx was shown to have performed well in a previous ozone modeling applications (although it was not the model that was the basis for the 2003 attainment demonstration).

4. Episode selection

EPA Recommendations

EP A‘s Recommendations for episode selection are discussed in the Guidance in Section 14.1: What Are The Most Important Criteria For Choosing Episodes? The Guidance lists the criteria for episode selection.

At a minimum, four criteria should be used to sel ect time periods which are appropriate to model 33 :

1) Simulate a variety of meteorological conditions: a) 8

- Hour Ozone

- Choose time periods which reflect a variety of meteorological conditions which frequently correspond with observed 8

- hour daily maxima > 84 ppb at multiple monitoring sites. 2) Model time periods in which observed concentrations are close to the appropriate baseline design value or visibility impairment. 3) Model periods for which extensive air quality/meteorological data bases exist. 4) Model a sufficient number of days so that the modeled attainment test applied at each monitor violating the NAAQS is based on multiple days

. Episode Selection Discussion in the AQMP

Episode selection is discussed in Chapter 4 of Appendix V in the AQMP, and in the draft modeling protocol.

The meteorological episodes span three years: 2004 and 2005 when the MATES

- III monitoring program was in effect and primary modeling episode used in the 2003 AQMP, August 5

- 6, 1997, which occurred during the 1997 Southe rn California Ozone Study (SCOS97). The 2004 and 2005 episodes occurring during the MATES

- III sampling program integrate data from the network of radar wind and temperature profiles distributed throughout Southern California. In addition, advances in satel lite data acquisition used in meteorological model initialization since SCOS97 and readily available global model output have shifted the focus of regional meteorological modeling from diagnostic/objective

33 Guidance p. 141

. The four identified primary criteria for choosing meteorological episodes to model, discuss the secondary criter ia, which may be important in specific applications, are discussed in greater detail on pages 141

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- Region 9 Page 32 analysis towards 4

- dimensional data assimilation i n prognostic modeling. Equally important, the 2004

- 2005 episodes occurred in the post California Phase III reformulation period and represent the current VOC emissions profile. The 1997 episode is one of several meteorological episodes that were intensivel y monitored through the SCOS97 field program and was included in the analysis to provide continuity between the Final 2007 AQMP and 2003 Ozone Plans. The base year for the ozone modeling demonstration and emissions inventory characterization is 2002. 34

EPI SODE SELECTION

The 2003 AQMP benefited from the intensive monitoring conducted under the Southern California Ozone Study where the August 4

- 7, 1997 episode was the cornerstone of the modeling analysis. The requirements for multiple episode days at individ ual stations pose a different challenge for the Final 2007 AQMP. Five additional meteorological episodes with regionally observed higher ozone concentrations were added to the 2003 AQMP modeling episode. The five episodes observed in 2004 and 2005 occurred during MATES

- III, a period of enhanced air quality monitoring in the Basin. Supporting MATES

- III, the District operated three radar wind profilers in the Basin, with radio acoustic sounders. Additional profiler data was obtained from operating sites in Ve ntura and San Diego Counties. Table V

4

- 5 lists the complement of meteorological episodes used in the ozone attainment demonstration. Selection of episodes from 2004 and 2005 was also made to avoid the commingling associated with the Phase III California F uel Reformulation where the primary oxygenate was changed from MTBE to ethanol. Commingling of ethanol and nonethanol based fuels leads to enhanced evaporative VOC emissions and thus more ozone. Quantification of the amount of commingling taking place on a daily or episodic basis was nearly impossible. Implementation of the fuel switch from MTBE to ethanol took place in California during 2003 and was assumed to be completed by December 31, 2003. Selecting meteorological episodes for the post 2003 emissions reduced the uncertainty associated with the estimation of the VOC emissions inventory due to commingling. 35

Statistical Episode Characterization and Ranking

CAMx simulations were generated for six meteorological episodes including two periods in 2004, thr ee periods in 2005 and one in 1997. Table V

- 4

- 5 characterizes the selected episodes two ways: first by an assessment of the meteorological profile using a statistical model to rank the episodes based on meteorological stagnation potential and second by com paring observed maximum ozone concentrations to the annual design values. The meteorological classification is based on an empirical analysis presented in the 2003 AQMP which provides both a stagnation severity rank (1 being the highest) and the percentile the meteorological episode had in a 22

- year distribution. The observed maximum 8

- hour average concentrations on each episode day, and the average of the 8

- hour maximum concentrations observed for each multi

- day episode are also provided for comparison to the annual 4th highest 8

- hour average ozone value observed in the year that the episode takes place.

34 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., pp. V

- 4

- 1, 2.
35 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

- 4

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- Region 9 Page 33 Briefly, the selected episode days mostly rank in the 95th percentile or higher for meteorological stagnation potential. The episode average of the 8

- hou r maximum concentrations is within 5 ppb of the annual 4th highest 8

- hour observed concentration for four of the six simulation periods. 36

TABLE V

- 4

- 5 37

36 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V. p. V

- 4

- 15.
37 S outh Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, p. V

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- Region 9 Page 34 TABLE 7: Summary of Ozone Episodes to be Simulated for the 2007 AQMP 38

EPA Discussion of Episod e Selection

The episode selection criteria outlines in the Guidance have been adequately addressed. The selected episodes represent a variety of meteorological conditions which frequently correspond with observed 8

- hour daily maxima > 84 p pb at multiple monitoring sites, and are time periods in which observed concentrations are close to the appropriate baseline design value or visibility impairment.

E xtensive air quality and meteorological data bases exist for the 1997 Southern California Ozone Study ( SCOS97) and the 2004

- 2005 MATES

– III study. There is a sufficien t of the number of days so that the modeled attainment test applied at each monitor violating the NAAQS is based on

38 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3, DRAFT Modeling Protocol, p. 40.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 35 multiple days . This is discussed in greater detail in the Section II. B. 9: Modeled Attainment Test, below.

5. Domain Size and Spatial Resolution

EPA Recommendations:

EPA ‘s r ecommendations for modeling domain size, horizontal resolution and vertical resolution are discussed in the Guidance in Section 15.1: How is the Size of the Modeling Domain Chosen? 39

a . Domain Size

The EPA recommendations for domain size are summarized in the paragraph below:

The principal determinants of model domain size are the nature of the ozone and/or PM2.5 problem and the scale of the emission s which impact the nonattainment area. Isolated nonattainment areas that are not impacted by regional transport of ozone and/or PM and its precursors may be able to use a relatively small domain. Some areas of the western U.S. may fall into this category. Most nonattainment areas in the eastern U.S. have been shown to be impacted by transported ozone and/or PM and ozone and/or PM precursors from hundreds of miles or more upwind of the receptor area (U.S EPA, 1998b) 40 (U.S. EPA, 2005b) 41 . The modeling domain s hould be designed so that all major upwind source areas that influence the downwind nonattainment area are included in the modeling domain. The influence of boundary conditions should be minimized to the extent possible.

The inner domain of a nested model application should include the nonattainment area surrounding counties and/or States. The size of the inner domain depends on several factors. Among them are:

1) The size of the nonattainment area. 2) Proximity to other large source areas and/or nonatta inment areas.

- Relatively isolated areas may be able to use a smaller fine grid domain.

- Nearby source areas should be included in the fine grid. 3) Proximity of topographical features which appear to affect observed air quality. 4) Whether the model appli cation is intended to cover multiple nonattainment areas. 5) Typical wind speeds and re

- circulation patterns.

- Very light wind speeds and re

- circulation patterns may obviate the need for a large fine grid domain. 6) Whether the photochemical model utilizes one

- way or two

- way nested grids.

39 Guidance, p. 153.
40 U.S EPA, (1998b)―Finding of Significant Contribution and Rulemaking for Certain States in the Ozone Tra nsport Assessment Group Region for Purposes of Reducing Regional Transport of Ozone; Final Rule,‖ 63 FR 57,356 (October 27, 1998).
41 U.S. EPA, (2005b), ―Technical Support Document for the Final Clean Air Interstate Rule

- Air Quality Modeling‖, March 2005. Docket number OAR

- 2003

- 0053

- 0162. http://www.epa.gov/CAIR/pdfs/finaltech02.pdfTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 36 - The fine grid domain of a model with one

- way nested grids may need to be larger (compared to a model with two

- way nested grids). The grid needs to be large enough to capture re

- circulation due to shifting wind directions. A two

- way nested grid model allows for continuous feedback from the fine grid to the coarse grid and vice versa. 7) Computer and time resource issues.

b . Horizontal Resolution

EPA‘s recommendations for horizontal resolution for ozone modeling are summa rized in Section 15.3.1 : Horizontal Resolution Recommendations for Ozone 42

For coarse portions of regional grids, we recommend a grid cell size of 12 km if feasible, but not larger than 36 km. For urban and fine scale portions of nested regional grids, it may be desirable to use grid cells about 4 km, but not larger than 12 km. States/Tribes should examine past model applications and data analyses for their area when choosing the fine grid resolution. Past model applications and data analyses may help dete rmine whether a grid cell size as small as 4 km (or smaller) is necessary for a particular area. Model performance and the relative response to emissions controls should be considered in the decision. States/Tribes should consider diagnostic tests to asses s the difference in model performance and response from varying model grid resolution, particularly in oxidant

- limited areas.

All ozone monitor locations within a nonattainment area should ordinarily be placed within the fine scale portion of a nested reg ional grid if nested models are used. States/Tribes choosing an urban grid or fine portion of a nested grid with cells 12 km or larger should consider applying plume

- in

- grid algorithms to major point sources of NOx. The use of plume

- in

- grid should be discu ssed with the appropriate EPA Regional Office.

c . Vertical Resolution

EPA ‘s recommendations for vertical resolution for ozone modeling are summarized Section 15.4: How Should the Vertical Layers Be Selected?

As described in Section 16, the preferred ap proach for generating meteorological data fields for input to air quality simulation models is to use a prognostic meteorological model with four dimensional data assimilation (FDDA). Such models normally use more than 30 vertical layers. To minimize a num ber of assumptions needed to interface meteorological and air quality models, it is better to use identical vertical resolution in the air quality and meteorological models. However, application of air quality models with as many as 30 vertical layers may not be feasible or cost effective. In this section we identify factors to consider in choosing the number of vertical layers chosen for the air quality model applications. 43

In the past, short ozone episodes of only several days usually encompassed periods of mostly clear skies with very little precipitation. As such, ozone models often did not

42 Guidance, p. 157.
43 Guidance, p. 159.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 37 explicitly model clouds or precipitation. However, we are recommending modeling longer episodes (or even a full ozone season) for ozone and a full year for PM2.5 and regional haze applications. Therefore the photochemical model needs to account for cloud processes and a full range of precipitation types. In order to adequately parameterize these processes, the top of the modeling domain should typically be set at the1 00 millibar level (~16,000 meters). In turn, this means that many more vertical layers will be needed to capture the meteorological processes both below and above the boundary layer, up to the top of the model.

The accuracy of predicted base case ozone an d PM concentrations will be affected by how well the model is able to characterize dilution of ozone, PM, and precursors. This, in turn, depends in part on how precisely the model can estimate mixing heights (i.e., the PBL). The precision of mixing height estimates is affected by the thickness of the model‘s vertical layers aloft which are near the anticipated mixing height (Dolwick, 1999) 44 . Ozone concentrations are most heavily influenced by the rate of rise in the morning mixing height and the maximum aft ernoon mixing height. Since PM is measured as a 24

- hour average concentration, PM is also influenced by the strength of nighttime mixing and the presence of a low level inversion. Because mixing heights may vary on different days and it is necessary to sim ulate numerous days and locations, model predictions can be influenced by the number of vertical layers considered by the model. Placement of vertical layers within the planetary boundary layer is also an important issue. For practical reasons, it is best to have an air quality model‘s vertical layers align with the interface between layers in the meteorological model. In view of the importance of carefully specifying the temporal variation in mixing height, we recommend high precision below and near the an ticipated maximum afternoon mixing height. In addition, specifying the vertical extent of mixing overnight during stable conditions is also an important consideration in determining the vertical layer structure. In this regard, we recommend that the lowest layer in the air quality model be no more than 50 meters thick. In general, layers below the daytime mixing height should not be too thick, or large unrealistic step increases in mixing may occur. Layers above the boundary layer are important for characte rizing clouds and precipitation, but are less important to the daily mixing processes of pollutants. Therefore, vertical resolution above the boundary layer is typically much coarser.

There is no correct minimum number of vertical layers needed in an atta inment demonstration. The vertical resolution will vary depending on the application. Recent applications of one atmosphere models (with model tops at 100mb) have used anywhere from 12 to 21 vertical layers with 8

- 15 layers approximately within the boundar y layer (below 2500 m) and 4

- 6 layers above the PBL (Baker, 2004b) 45 , (Hu, 2004) 46

. There are also ozone model applications which may not need to consider the full set of meteorological data through the tropopause. These applications typically use vertical d omains which extend up to 4 or 5 km. These applications are most appropriate for short

44 Dolwick, P.D., C. Jang, and B. Timin, (1999), ―Effects of Vertical Grid Re solution on Photochemical Grid Modeling‖, Paper 99

- 309 , Presented at 99th AWMA Meeting, St.Louis, MO, (June 1999).
45 Baker K., (2004b), ―Meteorological Modeling Protocol For Application to PM2.5/Haze/OzoneModeling Projects‖, Lake Michigan Air Directors Con sortium / Midwest Regional Planning Organization, Des Plaines IL.
46 Hu, Y., D. Cohen, M.T. Odman, and T. Russell, (2004), ―Fall Line Air Quality Study

- Draft Final Report

- Air Quality Modeling of the August 11

- 20, 2000 Air Pollution Episode.‖TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 38 ozone episodes that occur under high pressure conditions (little cloud cover or precipitation). In these cases, fewer vertical layers are needed to represent the atmosph ere up to the top of the domain (4

- 5 km). However, where appropriate, EPA encourages the use of full

- scale

one

- atmosphere models which account for all atmospheric processes up to ~100 mb.

Discussion of Domain Size

, Horizontal Resolution and Vertical Resol ution in the A QMP i

. Domain Size and Horizontal Resolution are discussed in Chapter 4 of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, and summarized below. The modeling domain used in the photochemical modeling analysis, also shown in Figure V

- 4

- 1, encompasses the entire B asin, Ventura County, Antelope Valley (AVAQMD), San Diego County, the Coachella Valley, portions of the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District (MDAQMD), and Imperial County. Ventura County, the Antelope Valley and Mojave Desert are classified as "mo derate" (attainment year: 2010). These areas experience pollutant transport from the Basin, and at times are an upwind source of pollution. San Diego County is classified as ―basic‖ with an attainment year of 2009 and Imperial County is classified as ―marg inal‖ with an attainment year of (2007). 47

FIGURE V

- 4

- 1 48 Southern California Modeling Domain Used in the Ozone Attainment Demonstration As previously stated, the CAMx ozone simulations were run on a 5 km squared grid using a Lambert Conformal projection o f the SCOS97 modeling domain depicted in Figure V

- 4

- 1. The modeling analyses were run using 16 vertical layers up to 5000 m above ground level.

47 South Coas t 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

- 4

- 4.
48 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

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- Region 9 Page 39 The eastern extent of the domain is approximately 100 miles offshore of the Basin. The large domain was chosen t o minimize uncertainties in the upwind boundary conditions. 49

ii

. Vertical Resolution

For sufficient vertical representation of the atmosphere, 16 vertical layers will be used for the CAMx ozone modeling, to a top height of nearly 5000 m AGL. Five of the layers will be below 500 m AGL (the nominal height of the summer afternoon mixing height within the Los Angeles coastal plain). The computational resources required for the annual particulate matter modeling necessitate a reduction in the number of layers used in the CAMx model for particulates. For this, eight vertical layers will used to a top height of approximately 5000 m AGL. The proposed vertical structure for the ozone and PM models are shown in Table 6, along side of the MM5 vertical structure. 50

49 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

- 4

- 15.
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- Region 9 Page 40 TA BLE 6 : Vertical Structures for the CAMx Ozone and PM Simulations with Corresponding MM5 Meteorological Model Layers 51

EPA Discussion

EPA believes that the domain size and grid resolution is appropriate for this application. The modeling domain is suffi ciently large so that all major upwind source areas that influence the downwind nonattainment area are included in the modeling domain and t he influence of boundary conditions is minimized to the extent possible. The grid cells size of 5 km meets EPA‘s

rec ommendation f

or urban and fine scale portions of nested regional grids . The number of ver tical layers meets EPA requirements, and is sufficient for ozone modeling in the South Coast Basin.

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- Region 9 Page 41 6 . Initial and Boundary Conditions

EPA Recommendations

EPA ‘s r ecommendations for Initial and Boundary Conditions are discussed in the Guidance in Section 15.2: How are the Initial and Boundary Conditions Specified? 52 Air quality models require specification of initial conditions for model species in each grid cell in the model domain (in all layers) and boundary conditions for all grid cells along each of the boundaries (in all layers). Generation of initial and boundary conditions for individual model species include gas

- phase mechanism species, aerosols, non

- react ive species and tracer species. There is no satisfactory way to specify initial conditions in every grid cell. Thus, we recommend using a ―ramp

- up‖ period by beginning a simulation prior to a period of interest. Sensitivity simulations can be completed to determine the necessary length of the
ramp

- up period. A longer ramp

- up period may be needed for very large domains where the characterization of long range transport is important.

One atmosphere model applications for ozone and PM may commonly use global models to specify boundary conditions. This is especially important for PM species due to their long lifetimes. A number of recent studies show that long

- range, intercontinental transport of pollutants is important for simulating seasonal/annual ozone and particulate matter diminish the importance of initial conditions103. We recommend a ramp

- up period of at least 2

- 3 days for ozone modeling. Due to longer lifetimes of fine particulate matter, we recommend a
ramp

- up period of at least 5

- 10 days for PM2.5. In this way, the choice of initial conditions is not likely to influence the modeling results. For nested model applications, initial conditions can be specified using model predictions from the outer grid if the nested grids are started after the beginnin g of the simulation for the outer grid.

Boundary conditions can be specified in several ways. One option is to nest the area of interest within a much larger domain using nested regional models, as described previously. As noted above in Section 15.1, use of a large regional domain acts to diminish the importance of boundary conditions. Alternatively, initial and boundary conditions can be derived from another regional nested modeling application or from a global model104. Another option is to use default initial and boundary concentration profiles representing relatively clean conditions which have been formulated from available measurements or results obtained from prior modeling studies, (e.g. prescribing 35 ppb for annual ozone). Another approach to con sider is using the model‘s simulated pollutant values (generated for emissions) averaged over one or more of the upper layers to specify a value for the lateral and top boundary conditions. This approach allows for better representation of spatial and temp oral variation of boundary conditions (i.e., diurnal/seasonal/vertical profiles). This method also avoids arbitrarily guessing at the future year boundary conditions.

If there is no larger regional model application available, then it is recommended that background boundary conditions be used to specify initial and boundary concentrations for the attainment demonstration modeling. However, concentration fields derived from a larger

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- Region 9 Page 42 domain regional or global chemistry model (i.e. nesting approach) is consid ered more credible than the assumption of static concentrations, since the pollutant concentration fields reflect simulated atmospheric chemical and physical processes driven by assimilated meteorological observations. Therefore, we recommend using boundar y conditions derived from a regional or global scale model, whenever possible.

Diagnostic testing which indicates a large impact on the model results from initial or boundary conditions may indicate that the domain is not large enough or the ramp

- up perio d is too short. In either case, it should generally be assumed that initial and boundary conditions do not change in the future. The use of altered initial or boundary conditions in the future year should be documented and justified.

AQMP Discussion of th e Initial Conditions

Initial Conditions 53

Initial conditions in the air quality models define the spatial distribution of chemical species concentrations throughout the 3

- dimensional modeling domain at the time at which the air quality model simulation be gins. There are two limitations inherent in defining initial conditions. The first is that chemical species concentrations are only measured at discrete locations and, for some species, for discrete time periods. In particular, observed VOC data is sparse although some PAMS monitoring stations data are available. Therefore, observed concentrations must be extrapolated to estimate concentrations throughout the modeling domain. The second limitation is that observed chemical species concentrations may not
rep resent chemical equilibrium, especially since not all important chemical species are measured explicitly.

To minimize the importance of initial conditions on air quality model simulation results, the simulation is frequently started at some time interval before the period of interest. Historically, this ―spin

- up‖ time interval has ranged between 8 and 72 hours. For the 2007 AQMP episodes, the modeling period starts early in the morning (typically 0000 PDT) of the day before the first day of interest for sp inup. This allows a full diurnal cycle of sunlight for air quality model to reach chemical equilibrium. Since most of the modeling episodes encompass several days, the day with the worst air quality is typically well into the simulation.

AQMP Discussion o

f the Boundary and Top Air Quality Concentrations

The boundary concentrations can have a marked impact on RRFs for the South Coast Air Basin. In the Draft 2007 AQMP (released in October 2006) boundary conditions for the ozone simulations were extracted fr om the annual WRAP Regional Haze modeling conducted for the model year 2002

. This modeling was conducted using CB4 chemical mechanism. There are some uncertainties on c onversion from CB4 to SAPRC species. In

53 DRAFT Modeling Protocol , South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Attachment 3, p. 48.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 43 addition, the converted SAPRC99 species profile did not reflect emissions inventory SAPRC99 species composition. The WRAP modeling results included occas ional high levels of VOC and NOx that may not represent existing boundary concentrations. 54

For the Final 2007 AQMP, the ozone simulations were conduct ed using the EPA default boundary concentration profile USEPA (1991) 55 . Uncertainties identified in the episodic diurnal profiles for the ozone simulations were sufficiently large enough to warrant a return to the boundary conditions used in the 2003 AQMP o zone attainment demonstration. This profile is commonly referred to as the ―EPA

- Clean‖ boundary. The boundary conditions were adjusted to match the ROG SAPRC profile.

Table V

- 4

- 7 summarizes the boundary conditions used for all simulations. All concentrati ons were constant horizontally and, except for NO2, constant vertically. For each profile, the sum of VOC concentrations is approximately 22 ppbC. For each simulation, the domain top boundary concentrations were the same as the lateral boundaries, with the exception that the top ozone concentration was 60 ppb. The initial concentrations for the all episodes were set using the air quality data from the District and neighboring district‘s air monitoring stations.

TABLE V

- 4

- 7

Future Boundary, Top and Initi al Air Quality Conditions

For the future year scenarios, the boundary, region top and ambient air quality concentrations were rolled back based on the percentage reduction in emissions from 2002 base year to the projected emissions levels for future year of the simulation (2017, or 2023).

54 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, p. V

- 4

- 18.
55 USEPA. 1991. Guideline For Regulatory Application of t he Urban Airshed Model. EPA Publication No. EPA

- 450/4

- 91

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- Region 9 Page 44 The future year the top ozone concentrations were reduced to 45 ppb. The lateral boundary concentrations were not rolled back since the boundary concentrations used base year is considered to be clean. 56

7 . Meteorologi cal Model

EPA Recommendations

EPA ‘s r ecommendations for meteorological modeling are discussed in the Guidance in Section 16.0: How are the Meteorological Inputs Prepared for Air Quality Modeling ? The recommendations are summarized below:

a . Meteoro logical Model Selection A description of the methods used to generate the meteorological fields should be included in the modeling protocol. In cases in which standard meteorological modeling (e.g., MM5, RAMS, or WRF in a retrospective analysis mode) is no t used, it is recommended that a detailed description of the technique that is used to generate the three

- dimensional meteorological fields be shared with the appropriate EPA regional office(s) prior to conducting the air quality modeling analysis. 57

b . M eteorological Model Domain It is expected that most attainment demonstrations will cover large areas and use nested grids. The outermost grid should capture all upwind areas that can reasonably be expected to influence local concentrations of ozone, and/or PM2.5. In terms of selecting an appropriate meteorological modeling domain, one should extend the grid 3 to 6 cells beyond the domains of each air quality modeling grid to avoid boundary effects. For example, if 4 km grid cells are to be used in the fine portion of a nested regional air quality model, then the meteorological fields at this detail would need to extend 12

- 24 km beyond the bounds of the 4 km grid used for air quality predictions. In terms of grid resolution, EPA recommends that the dynamic me teorological models use the same grid resolution as desired for the air quality model applications. In some cases, however, this may not always be feasible. One possible reason for modeling with meteorology using a different grid resolution is in the

case of unacceptable model performance from the meteorological model at the desired grid resolution. In other instances, the need for finer resolution may be emissions

- driven more than meteorologically

- driven and the costs do not warrant the generation of addit ional resolution in the meteorological data. In these specific situations it is recommended that the air quality model application use available results from meteorological models on the next coarser scale (i.e., 36 km for a desired 12 km estimate, 12 km f or a desired 4 km estimate). The coarse grid meteorological fields can be mapped to the more finely resolved air quality modeling domain.

56 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., pp. V

- 4

- 18, 20.
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- Region 9 Page 45 c . Data Assimilation As noted above, the use of FDDA helps to keep the model predictions from widely diverging from what was actually observed to occur at a particular point in time/space. However, if used improperly, FDDA can significantly degrade overall model performance and introduce computational artifacts (Tesche and McNally, 2001) 58

. Inappropriately strong nudgin g coefficients can distort the magnitude of the physical terms in the underlying atmospheric thermodynamic equations and result in "patchwork" meteorological fields with strong gradients between near

- site grid cells and the remainder of the grid. Additiona lly, if specific meteorological features are expected to be important for predicting the location and amount of pollution formed, based on an area's conceptual model, then the meteorological modeling should be set up to ensure that FDDA does not prevent th e model from forming these features (e.g. nocturnal low

- level wind jets). In general, analysis nudging strengths should be no greater than 1.0 x 10

- 4 for winds and temperatures and 1.0 x 10

- 5 for humidity. In the case of observation nudging (i.e., FDDA bas ed on individual observations as opposed to analysis fields), it is recommended that the resultant meteorological fields be examined to ensure that the results over the entire domain are still consistent. Further, based on past experience, we recommend aga inst using FDDA below the boundary layer for thermodynamic variables like temperature and humidity because of the potential for spurious convection. If the dynamic model is applied without FDDA, it is suggested that the simulation durations be shorter than 24 hours.

d . Meteorological Model Performance

Operational Evaluation: The operational evaluation results should focus on the values and distributions of specific meteorological parameters as paired with and compared to observed data. It is recommended that the observation

- model matching be paired as closely as possible in space and time. Typical statistical comparisons of the key meteorological parameters105 will include: comparisons of the means, mean bias, mean normalized bias, mean absolute error, mean absolute normalized error, root mean square error (systematic and unsystematic), and an index of agreement. For modeling exercises over large domains and entire ozone seasons or years, it is recommended that the operational evaluation be broken down i nto individual segments such as geographic subregions and/or months/seasons to allow for a more comprehensive assessment of the meteorological strengths and weaknesses. 59

Discussion of meteorological modeling in the 2007 AQMP

The selection process for th e meteorological model is discussed in the Model Protocol. 60
The models considered are listed in TABLE 3: Summary of Proposed 2007 AQMP Model Selection and Application. 61

58 Tesche, T. W., and D. E. McNally, (2001), "Evaluatio n of the MM5, RAMS, and SAIMM Meteorological Model for the 6

- 11 September 1993 COAST and 25 August

- 1 September 2000 TexAQS2000 Ozone SIP Modeling Episodes", report prepared for the Business Coalition for Clean Air

- Appeals Group, prepared by Alpine Geophysi cs, LLC, Ft. Wright, KY.
59 Guidance p. 163

- 167
60 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3.
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- Region 9 Page 46 2007 AQMP Meteorological Modeling Approach

The SCOS97 field study generated a datase t with a relatively high spatial density of meteorological observations. While this dataset suggests that an objective/diagnostic model could be adequate to develop the meteorological parameter fields required for air quality modeling of the August SCOS97 episode, there are large portions of the modeling domain

— such as over the ocean or the inland desert

— where there are few observations. The approach for the 2007 AQMP modeling will be to use the MM5 prognostic model with a 5 km grid resolution. The meteorol ogical boundary conditions for MM5 are generated using the output from a Global Climate Model (GCM) with a relatively coarse grid of 45 km. The MM5 prognostic model uses more accurate and complete physics than the diagnostic models used previously. The MM5 has relatively good replication of meteorological features of the Basin, such as the coastal eddies, Santa Ana winds, recirculation, & strong inversions. The recent air quality models are designed to use inputs from the prognostic models, such as MM5, and the use of such a model is strongly encouraged by USEPA. In the past, the use of MM5 meteorological fields in air quality models has brought limited success in the prediction of peak ozone concentrations that result from extreme meteorological conditions and complex distribution of precursor emissions. However, the prediction of ozone with MM5 meteorological fields on most days is comparable to the results using other models. Since the air quality model will be employed in more of a relative sense for the 2007 AQMP, with the use of relative reduction factors instead of peak concentration comparisons, the MM5 is an appropriate choice for the AQMP modeling. The premise is that the magnitude of RRF will reflect the ozone concentration resulting from the variou s meteorological episode classifications. With the use of the MM5 meteorological model, the AQMP modeling effort will move closer to the ―one atmosphere‖ air quality modeling perspective (i.e., ozone and fine particles simulated with the same model). The s uccessful application of this prognostic model is critical for the development of multipollutant control strategies. Several MM5 initialization fields and data ingest options are also being explored for the 2007 AQMP modeling effort: 62

• MM5 model initiali zed with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) 12 km ETA/North American Model (NAM); • MM5 model with Aerospace Corp 3DVAR forecast fields; • Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) community model using Aerospace Corporation 3DVAR; • MM5 model with NCEP database of upper air and surface observations and the 1degree by 1 degree Global Tropospheric Analysis • Above method of MM5 with NCEP database and Global Tropospheric Analysis and four

dimensional data assimilation (4DDA) of AQMD station meteorological data (this method is more mass consistent, but may be difficult to capture localized wind impacts (e.g., transport to San Fernando Valley); • Hybrid CALMET with MM5 as background field

62 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3, p. 24.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 47 Meteorological Modeling Domain

Nested domains of 15 km and 5 km are defined within MM5 to simulate meteorological fields for the fine grid scale of the modeling domain. The modeling domain for MM5 is defined in a Lambert

- Conformal projection with two parallels to account for curvature of the Earth within th e modeling domain over such a large region. Figure 1 shows the nested MM5 domains. Figure 2 shows the finest scale (interior) MM5 domain, covering most of southern California. The vertical structure of MM5 is defined in a terrain

- following, ―sigma‖ coordin ate system based upon a normalized pressure index. The 30 vertical layers defined for MM5 to approximately 15,000 m above ground level (AGL) can be transformed to fit the requirements of any air quality model. The MM5 meteorological fields are converted fr om Lambert

- Conformal projection to UTM coordinates for input into the air quality models.

FIGURE 1: Nested MM5 Domains 63

63 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, A ttachment 3, p. 30TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 48 The horizontal grid resolution of the outermost domain is 45 km, for the middle domain is 15 km, and for the fine scale domain is 5 km

.

Vertical Resolution

For the terrain

- following MM5 model, the proposed vertical layer consists of 34 layers to a height of over 15,000 meters AGL,(as shown in Table 6, Vertical Structures for the CAMx Ozone and PM Simulations with Corresponding MM5 Mete orological Model Layers, below). For input into the air quality model, the 34 layers are reduced to match the vertical resolution of the ozone or particulate matter air quality. 64

64 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3, p. 33TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 49 Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses

Qualitative and Quantitative An alyses for the meteorological modeling have been performed are presented in Chapter 4 of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V , and presented below

. 65

The MM5 data fields were extensively analyzed using the METSAT software. Figure V

- 4

- 5 illustrates the ext ent of surface meteorological measurements in southern California, and the data used in the meteorological model evaluation were derived from a subset of the total archive. The summary performance statistics for the July 2005 episode are presented in Table V

- 4

- 8 and Figures V

- 5

- 6 through V

- 4

- 8. (The performance of MM5 for the July 2005 episode was characteristic of that of the remaining five episodes). 66

TABLE V

- 4

- 8: METSTAT Statistical Evaluation of MM5

- 4DDA for the July 2005 Episode: AQMD Air Monitoring Stations 67

Discussion

65 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., Attachment 3, p. 52.
66 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, p. V

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- Region 9 Page 50 EPA believes the meteorological model choice, domain, horizontal resolution and vertical resolution are appropriate for this application.

8 . Air Quality Model Performance

EPA Recommendations

EPA recommendations for evaluation of model performance for ozone are discussed in the Guidance in Chapter 18.0 What are the Procedures for Evaluating Model Performance and What is the Role of Diagnostic Analyses? in subsection 18.4.1 : Ozone Operational Evaluation

.

Statistics: It is recomm ended that, at a minimum, the following three statistical measures be calculated for hourly ozone and 8

- hourly maxima ozone over the episode days in an attainment demonstration. • Mean Normalized Bias (MNB): This performance statistic averages the model/ob servation residual, paired in time, normalized by observation, over all monitor times/locations. A value of zero would indicate that the model over predictions and model under predictions exactly cancel each other out. The calculation of this measure is sh own in Equation 18.1.

(18.1)

• Mean Normalized Gross Error (MNGE): This performance statistic averages the absolute value of the model/observation residual, paired in time, normalized by observation, over all monitor times/locations. A value of zero would indicate that the model exactly matches the observed values at all points in space/time. The calculation of this measure is shown in Equation 18.2.

(18.2)

• Average Peak Prediction Bias and Error: These are measures of model performance that

a ssesses only the ability of the model to predict daily peak 1

- hour and 8

- hour ozone. They are calculated essentially the same as the mean normalized bias and error (Equation 18.1 and 18.2), except that they only consider daily maxima data (predicted versus observed) at each monitoring location. In the attainment test, models are used to calculate relative response factors near monitoring sites by taking the ratio of the average 8

- hour daily maximum concentrations calculated for the future and current cases. Thus, the model's ability to predict observed mean 8

- hour daily maxima is an important indicator of model performance.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 51 Appendix A provides other statistics such as mean bias, mean error, mean fractional bias, mean fractional error, root mean square error, correlation coefficients, etc. which should also be 46 Past ozone modeling applications have used a minimum cutoff of either 40 ppb or 60 ppb. Due to the interest in predicted ozone concentrations at or above the 8

- hour standard (85 ppb), the higher cut off (60 ppb) is recommended.

The use of a 0 ppb threshold can add valuable information about the ability of the model to simulate a wide range of conditions. Because of the tendency of the MNB and MNGE metrics to inflate the importance of biases at the l owest observed values (which are in the denominator), it is recommended that the alternate metrics of normalized mean bias (NMB) and normalized mean gross error (NMGE) be used as substitutes for evaluations with no minimum threshold. In certain instances, States/Tribes may also want to conduct performance evaluations using the ―near the monitor‖ grid cell arrays. A ―near the monitor‖ analysis may be useful when strong ozone gradients are observed, such as in the presence of a sea breeze or in strongly oxid ant limited conditions. Furthermore, a ―near the monitor‖ performance evaluation is consistent with the RRF methodology calculated to the extent that they provide meaningful information. Wherever possible, these types of performance measures should also be calculated for ozone precursors and related gas

- phase oxidants (NOx, NOy, CO, HNO3, H2O2, VOCs and VOC species, etc.) and ozone (and precursors) aloft.

Thresholds: EPA recommends that the three metrics above be calculated two ways: 1) for pairs in which the 1

- hour or 8

- hour observed concentrations are greater than 60 ppb46, and 2) for all pairs (no threshold)47. This will help to focus the evaluation on the models ability to predict NAAQS

- relevant ozone and minimize the effects of the normalization. In te rms of pairing model predictions with monitored observations, EPA recommends that the grid cell value in which the monitor resides be used for the calculations. It would also be acceptable to consider bi

- linear interpolation of model predictions to specifi c monitoring locations48. States/Tribes should recognize that, even in the case of perfect model performance, model

observed residuals are unlikely to result in exact matches due to differences between the model predictions which are volume averages and th e observations which are point values.

Averaging: The statistics should initially be calculated for individual days (averaged over all sites) and individual sites (averaged over all days). As appropriate, States/Tribes should then aggregate the raw statis tical results into meaningful groups of subregions or subperiods. For example, examination of model performance within and near the non

- attainment area(s) of interest may be more important than examination of performance in other parts of the modeling doma in. Similarly, priority may be placed on examination of the days that are potentially used in the attainment test (base period days with 8

- hour ozone > 70 or 85 ppb). That is not to say that model performance evaluations should ignore performance on lower ozone days or in areas outside of the nonattainment areas. Simply, additional factors should be considered when prioritizing more detailed analyses.

Plots/Graphics: Along with the statistical measures, EPA recommends that the following four sets of graphi cal displays be prepared and included as part of the performance analysis. • Time series plots of model and predicted hourly ozone for each monitoring location in theTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 52 nonattainment area, as well as key sites outside of the nonattainment area. These plots c an indicate if there are particular times of day or days of the week when the model performs especially poorly. Figure 18.1 shows a sample time series plot. This graphic was developed using the air quality analysis module of the Atmospheric Model Evaluatio n Tool (AMET) (Appel, 2005) 68 , though other evaluation tools exist and can be used. 69

Air Quality Model Performance in the AQMP

The air quality model performance is discussed in South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Chapter 4. Base

- year station statistics f or each of the ozone episodes are presented in South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V, Attachment 2: Model Performance Statistics.

The SCAQMD evaluated the air quality model performance for several regional zones. The model performance for the San Fernando Va lley, the Eastern San Gabriel, Riverside and San Bernardino Valleys, and Los Angeles and Orange County areas (shown in the map in FIGURE V

- 4

- 9: Performance Evaluation Zones, below) are discussed below. The base

- year performance evaluation for portions of Ventura County , the Mojave Desert and the Coachella Valley are also included in the AQMP.

BASE

- YEAR PERFOMANCE EVALUATION 70

For the CAMx performance evaluation the modeling domain is separated into nine subregions or zones. Figure V

- 4

- 9 depicts the sub

- regional zones used for base

- year simulation performance. The different zones present unique air quality profiles. In previous ozone modeling attainment demonstrations using a smaller modeling domain, the number and size of the zones was different. Seven z ones represented the Basin and portions of Ventura County, the Mojave Desert and the Coachella Valley. For the current analysis the Basin is represented by three of the zones: Zone 3

– the San Fernando Valley, Zone 4

– the Eastern San Gabriel, Riverside an d San Bernardino Valleys, and Zone 5

– the Los Angeles and Orange County emissions source areas. Of the four areas, Zone 4 represents the Basin maximum ozone concentrations and the primary downwind impact zone. As such, the priority in evaluating model per formance is focus on Zone 4.

68 Appel, W., S. Howard, R. Gilliam, and S. Phillips, (2005), ―The Atmospheric Model Evaluation Tool: Air Quality Module‖, 4th Annual CMAS Models

- 3 Users' Conference, September 26

- 28, 2005, Chapel Hill, NC.
69 Guidance pp. 197

- 200.
70 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V. , p. V

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- Region 9 Page 53 FIGURE V

- 4

- 9: Performance Evaluation Zones 71

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- Region 9 Page 54 The CAMx ozone simulations generally met the 1

- hour average unpaired peak model performance goal in all three zones on most days. Nearly all stations in zone 4 met the
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- Region 9 Page 55 particularly for the May 2005 episode. In general, the bias tends to be negative indicating that model performance tended to under

- predict ozone concentrations. Overall, the 8

- hour average evaluation was slightly better. 72

EPA Discussion of the Model Performance Analysis

Based on their analysis, South Coast concludes and EPA agrees that model performance is acceptable for this application.

9

. Modeled Attainment Test for Ozone

EPA Recommendations

a . Modeled Attainment Test

EPA‘s Recommendations are the modeled attainment test are discussed in the Guidance in Section 2.1 : What Is The Recommended Modeled Attainment Test for Ozone and PM 2.5 ?

- An Overview. Ozone specific reco mmendations are presented in the Guidance in Section 4.2 How Do I Apply The Recommended 8

- Hour Ozone Modeled Attainment Test?

A modeled attainment test is an exercise in which an air quality model is used to simulate current and future air quality. If fut ure estimates of ozone and/or PM2.5 concentrations are less than the NAAQS, then this element of the attainment test is satisfied11. Our recommended test is one in which model estimates are used in a ―relative‖ rather than ―absolute‖ sense. That is, we tak e the ratio of the model‘s future to current (baseline) predictions at monitors. We call these ratios, relative response factors . Future ozone and/or PM2.5 concentrations are estimated at existing monitoring sites by multiplying a modeled relative response factor at locations ―near‖ each monitor by the observation

- based, monitor

specific, ―baseline‖ design value. The resulting predicted ―future concentrations‖ are compared to NAAQS. 73

Ozone specific recommendations are presented in the Guidance in Section 4 .2 How Do I Apply The Recommended 8

- Hour Ozone Modeled Attainment Test? 74

States/Tribes should apply the modeled attainment test at all monitors within the nonattainment area plus other nearby counties within the State 34 . Inputs described in Section 3.1 ar e applied in Equation (3.1) to estimate a future design value at all monitor sites and grid cells for which the modeled attainment test is applicable. When determining compliance with the 8

- hour ozone NAAQS, the standard is met if, over three consecutive years, the average 4th highest 8

- hour daily maximum ozone concentration observed at each monitor is < 0.08 ppm (i.e., # 84 ppb using rounding conventions) 35 . Thus, if all resulting predicted future design values (DVF) are # 84 ppb, the test is passed. The modeled attainment test is applied using 3 steps.

72 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

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- Region 9 Page 56 Step 1. Compute baseline design values. Compute site

- specific baseline design values (DVBs) from observed data by using the average of the design value periods which include the baseline inventory year.

S tep 2. Estimate relative response factors. Use air quality modeling results to estimate a relative response factor for each grid cell near a monitoring site

. (RRF) I = (mean 8

- hr daily max) future / (mean 8

- hr daily max) baseline
Step 3. Calculate future de sign values for all monitoring sites in the nonattainment area. Multiply the observed baseline design values obtained in Step 1 times the relative response factors obtained in Step 2.

Modeled Attainment Test in the South Coast 2007 AQMP

The modeled attain ment test for 8 hour ozone follows EPA‘s recommendations and is discussed in Chapter 4 of the South Coast 2007AQMP

. Ozone Air Quality Projections

CAMx simulations were conducted for the year base emission scenarios (2017 and 2023), and future year contro lled scenarios (2017, and 2023). As discussed earlier, the ozone attainment demonstration relies on the use of site specific RRFs being applied to the 2002 weighted design values. The RRFs are determined from the future year controlled and the 2002 base ye ar simulations. 75

Future year 8

- hour ozone attainment demonstrations are required for those sites with design values that exceed 84 ppb. As such, the current demonstrations are focused on 16 locations in the Basin. The initial screening for station days to be included in the attainment demonstration included the following criteria: (1) having an observed concentration equaling or exceeding 85 ppb and (2) a simulation predicted base year (1997, 2004 or 2005) concentration over 60 ppb. Additional criteria wer e added to the selection process as the simulations were evaluated.

A minimum of 5

- episode days are recommended to determine the site specific RRF. The evaluation requires that the model performance for the day is within specific performance goals. The fi nal criteria used to select an episode station day for the RRF calculation included: (1) the base

- year observed concentration lie with 25 percent of the station design value, (2) the absolute prediction accuracy (predicted minus observed in the base

- year) is within 25 percent and (3) that a minimum base

- year observed concentration at each site used in the analysis 85 ppb or greater. A maximum of 19 episode days were evaluated for inclusion in the RRF calculation. If a site did not meet the 5

- episode day th reshold, the smaller reduction determined from either the average of the RRFs for all Basin sites or the 19 day average RRF from that site, regardless of model performance, was applied to estimate the future design value at that station.

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- Region 9 Page 57 Since the CAMx si mulations are run on a 5 km grid, the maximum 8

- hour average concentration from the 49 grid cells representing the monitoring site are used to generate the simulated concentration at the monitor. The results of the attainment demonstration for 2023
are pre sented in Table V

- 4

- 15

.

b . Unmonitored Area Analysis

EPA Recommendations

EPA‘s recommendations for an unmonitored analysis are discussed in the Guidance in Section 3.4: Estimating design values at unmonitored locations: what is an unmonitored area ana lysis and wh y is it needed?

An additional review is necessary, particularly in nonattainment areas where the ozone or PM 2.5 monitoring network just meets or minimally exceeds the size of the network required to report data to Air Quality System (AQS). Th is review is intended to ensure that a control strategy leads to reductions in ozone or PM 2.5 at other locations which could have baseline (and future) design values exceeding the NAAQS were a monitor deployed there. The test is called an ―unmonitored area analysis‖. The purpose of the analysis is to use a combinationTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 58 of model output and ambient data to identify areas that might exceed the NAAQS if monitors were located there.

Section 3.4.2: Implementation of Gradient A djusted Spatial Fields, outlines the basic steps in unmonitored area analysis.

Gradient adjusted spatial fields are first created for the base year. Future year estimates can then be created by applying gridded RRFs to the gradient adjusted spatial fields. The basic steps are as follows:

1) Interpolate base year ambient data to create a set of spatial fields. 2) Adjust the spatial fields using gridded model output gradients (base year values). 3) Apply gridded model RRFs to the gradient adjusted spatial fields. 4) Determine if any unmonito red areas are predicted to exceed the NAAQS in the future.

EPA has developed a software package called ―Modeled Attainment Test Software‖ (MATS) which will spatially interpolate data, adjust the spatial fields based on model output gradients and multiply the fields by model calculated RRFs (steps 1

- 3 above) (ABT, 2007). MATS also uses a version of VNA. States will be able to use the EPA

- provided software or are free to develop alternative techniques that may be appropriate for their areas or situations.

Unmonitored analysis provided in the A QMP

The unmonitored area analysis is provided in the 2007 AQMP, including an outline of the process the SCAQMD used to create the Gradient Adjusted Spatial Fields , and a graphical depiction of the results for the bas e year and future year (with and without control), shown in figures V

- 4

- 17,18,and 19, below.

The process that the SCAQMD used to generate the unmonitored area analysis follows the four steps outlined in the Guidance in Section 3.4.2: Implementation of G radient A djusted Spatial Fields

. This process is discussed in Chapter 4 of the 2007 AQMP, Appendix V.

Graphical Distribution

The spatial distribution of ozone design values for the 2002 base year is shown in Figure V

4

- 17. The distribution was generat ed using GIS mapping of the station based ozone design values overlaid onto the modeling grid while applying a distance weighted interpolation scheme to expand the prediction. Future year ozone air quality projections for 2024 with and without implementati on of all control measures are presented in Figures V

- 4

- 18 and V

- 4

- 19. The predicted ozone concentration will be significantly reduced in the future years in all parts of the Basin with the implementation of proposed control measures in the South Coast Air Basin. 76

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- Region 9 Page 60 As shown in Figure V

- 4

- 19, above, the model

– predicted 2024 controlled 8

- hour ozone design concentrations are at or below 84 ppb for all grid cells in the South Coast Air Basin.

EPA Discussion of the Modeling for the Modeled Attainment Test, including the unmonitored area analysis. The modeled attainment test results at the monitoring sites follow EPA recommendations and support that the South Coast Air Basin area will reach attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard by its attainmen t date of June 15, 2024 . The unmonitored area analysis also ensures that the control strategy leads to reductions in ozone at other locations which could have baseline (and future) design values exceeding the NAAQS were a monitor deployed there.

10 . W eight of Evidence

EPA Recommendations

EPA‘s Recommendations for the Weight of Evidence Analysis are outlined in Section 2.3 What Does A Recommended Supplemental Analysis/Weight Of Evidence Determination Consist Of?

-- An Overview

.

As we describe in more detail in Section 7, States/Tribes should always perform complementary analyses of air quality, emissions and meteorological data, and consider modeling outputs other than the results of the attainment test. Such analyses are instrumental in guiding the co nduct of an air quality modeling application. Sometimes, the results of corroboratory analyses may be used in a weight of evidence determination to show that attainment is likely despite modeled results which may be inconclusive. The further the attainment test is from being passed, the more compelling contrary evidence produced byTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 61 corroboratory analyses must be to draw a conclusion differing from that implied by the modeled attainment test results. If a conclusion differs from the outcome of the modeled
te st, then the need for subsequent review (several years hence) with more complete data bases is increased. If the test is failed by a wide margin (e.g., future design values outside the recommended range at an individual site or multiple sites/locations), i t is far less likely that the more qualitative arguments made in a weight of evidence determination can be sufficiently convincing to conclude that the NAAQS will be attained. Table 2.1 contains guidelines for assessing when corroboratory analyses and/or w eight of evidence determinations may be appropriate. 77

EPA‘s recommendations for a weight of evidence determination are also discussed in the Guidance in Section 7.2 : What Is Entailed In A Weight Of Evidence Determination?

As discussed in Section 2, a ugmenting a modeled attainment test with supplemental analyses may yield a conclusion differing from that indicated by the modeled attainment test results alone. Past modeling analyses have shown that future design value uncertainties of 2

- 4 ppb for ozone, can result from use of alternate, yet equally appropriate, emissions inputs, chemical mechanisms, and meteorological inputs. Because of this uncertainty, EPA believes that weight of evidence determinations can be used in some cases to demonstrate attainm ent conclusions that differ from the conclusions of the model attainment test.

77 Guidance, p. 17.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 62 Weight of Evidence Discussion in the AQMP

The AQMP included a dditional m odeling

- b ased s ensitivity s tudies , discussed below, in the weight of evidence discussion. 78

A set of CAMx sensitivity simulations were generated to test, model performance and evaluate alternate emissions scenarios. The stress tests conducted for the PM2.5 modeling analysis were also applied to the ozone simulations where emissions motor vehicle emissio ns were doubled, the model was run solely with biogenic emissions and the top ozone boundary condition was modified. The results of the simulations suggested a better fit of the data when VOC emissions were increase throughout the Basin bringing them in li ne with the ambient VOC/NOx ratio measured through the PAMS network. Reducing the top concentration (top boundary of the model simulation) resulted in a reduction of surface ozone ranging several ppb, but with no specific trend in time of day. Three ozone simulations were conducted: (Alternative 1) a control strategy of heavy VOC and heavy NOx reductions, (Alternative 2) Extensive VOC reductions and little NOx, and (Alternative 3) the 2003 (previous) AQMP. The results of the simulations indicated that only the first scenario could result in attainment of the ozone standard.

South Coast AQMP Air Quality Data

The air quality data from 2000 to 2010 for all ambient ozone monitoring sites in the South Coast Basin are presented in Figure IB

- 2 in Section I. B. 8

- Hour Ozone Air Quality in the South Coast , of this document. The location of the monitoring sites is shown in Figure IB

- 3

– Ambient Ozone Monitoring Locations In the South Coast Air Basin

. Since comprehensive monitoring began for ozone in the South Coa st in the1960s, the area has seen a decline in ambient levels.

11 . Evaluation and Conclusion

The modeling used for the attainment demonstration was made available to the public for comment at the same time as the draft 2007 plan, and was subject to publ ic hearing as part of final version of the Plan.

The air quality modeling documentation in Appendix V of the 2007 AQMP contains all the elements required by EPA‘s modeling guidance. The modeling is based on the best and most current information availabl e at the time the plan was developed. EPA is proposing that, taken in balance, the available modeling, evidence, analyses, monitoring data, and additional information support that the South Coast Air Basin area will reach attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozo ne standard by its attainment date of June 15, 2024 . T he modeling show s significant reductions in ozone from the base period. The modeling predicts values 83 ppb or below at all of the twenty ozone monitoring stations. EPA has considered the most recent ambient data which indicates that the area is on a track that is consistent with achieving attainment of the 8

- hour standard by 2024. Taking these factors together, we believe the modeling, including all the WOE measures, is consistent with attainment

.

78 South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix V., p. V

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- Region 9 Page 63 Based on our evaluation

, discussed above, we propose to find that the modeling analysis used for the attainment demonstration in the 2007 Plan meet s the CAA section 172(c)(1) requirement that the plan ―shall provide for attainment of the national primar y ambient air quality standards‖ at the time of its submittal in 2007

, and that the modeling in the 2007 Plan provides an adequate basis for the reasonably available control measure, reasonable further progress, and attainment demonstrations in the South C oast 2007 8

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- Region 9 Page 64 

### C. Reasonably A vailable Control Measure Demonstration and Control Strategy

1. Requirement s for RACM

CAA s ection 172(c)(1) requires that each attainment plan ―provide for the implementation of all reasonably available control measures as expeditiously as practicable (including such reductions in emissions from existing sources in the area as may be obtained through the adoption, at a minimum, of reasonably available control technology), and shall provide for attainment of the national primary ambient air quality standards.‖ The 8

- hour ozone implementation rule requires that for each nonattainment area that is required to submit an attainment demonstration, the state must also submit concurrently a SIP revision demonstra ting that it has adopted all RACM necessary to demonstrate attainment as expeditiously as practicable and to meet any RFP requirements. See 40 CFR § 51.912(d).

EPA has previously provided guidance interpreting the RACM requirement in the General Preamble a t 13560 79 and a memorandum entitled ―Guidance on the Reasonably Available Control Measure Requirement and Attainment Demonstration Submissions for Ozone Nonattainment Areas,‖ John Seitz, Director, OAQPS to Regional Air Directors, November 30, 1999 (Seitz me mo). In summary, EPA guidance provides that to address t he requirement to adopt all RACM , states should consider all potential ly reasonable control measures for source categories in the nonattainment area to determine whether they are reasonably available for implementation in that area and whether they would , if implemented individually or collectively, advance the ar ea‘s attainment date by one year or more

. See also “ State Implementation Plans; General Preamble for Proposed Rulemaking on Approval of Plan Revisions for Nonattainment Areas,‖ 44 FR 20372 (April 4, 1979) and Memorandum dated December 14, 2000, from John S. Seitz, Director, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, ―Additional Submission on RACM from States with Severe One

- Hour Ozone Nonatt ainment Area SIPs.‖

For ozone nonattainment areas classified as moderate or above, CAA secti on 182(b)(2) also requires the implementation of reasonably available control technologies on all major sources of VOC and for each VOC source category for which EPA has issued Control Techniques Guideline (CTG) documents. CAA section 182(f) requires that RACT under section 182(b)(2) also apply to major stationary sources of NOx. In extreme areas, a major source is a stationary source that emits or has the potenti al to emit at least 10 tons of VOC or NOx per year. CAA section s 182(e) and (f)

.

Under the 8

- hour ozone implementation rule, states are required to submit SIP revision s meeting the RACT requirement of CAA sections 182(b) and 182(f) no later than 27 month s after designation for the 8

- hour ozone NAAQS (September 15, 2006 for areas designated in April 2004) and to implement the required RACT measures no later than 30 months after the RACT SIP is due. See 40 CFR § 51.912(a).

79 The ―General Preamble for the Implementation of Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990,‖ published at 57 FR 13498 on A

pril 16, 1992, describes EPA‘s preliminary view on how we would interpret var ious SIP planning provisions in title I of the CAA as amended in 1990, including those planning provisions applicable to the 1

- hour ozone standard. EPA continues to rely on certain guidance in the General Preamble to implement the 8

- hour ozone standard und er title I.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 65 EPA defines RACM as any potential control measure for application to point, area, on

- road and non

- road emissions source categories that meets the following five criteria: the control measure is (1) technologically feasible, (2) economically feasible, (3) does not cause ―substantial widesp read and long

- term adverse impacts‖, (4) is not ―absurd, unenforceable, or impracticable‖, and (5) collectively can advance the attainment date by at least one year. General Preamble at 13560.

Any measures that are necessary to meet these requirements whic h are not already either federally promulgated, part of the state‘s SIP, or otherwise creditable in SIPs must be submitted in enforceable form as part of a state‘s attainment plan for the area. 7 2 FR 20586, at 20614

. CAA Section 172(c)(6) requires nonatt ainment plans to ―include enforceable emissions limitations, and such other control measures, means or techniques (including economic incentives such as fees, marketable permits, and auctions of emissions rights), as well as schedules and timetables for co mpliance, as may be necessary or appropriate to provide for attainment of such standard in such area by the applicable attainment date...‖ See also CAA section 110(a)(2)(A). The ozone implementation rule requires that all control measures needed for attainm ent be implemented no later than the beginning of the attainment year ozone season. 40 CFR 51.908(d). The attainment year ozone season is defined as the ozone season immediately preceding a nonattainment area‘s attainment date. 40 CFR 51.900 (g).

2. RACM Analysis in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

The South Coast 2007 AQMP and t he revised 2007 State Strategy are parts of a series of air quality plans that the District and CARB have developed to provide for attainment of the federal air quality sta ndards in the South Coast nonattainment area. 80 These planning efforts have resulted in a comprehensive set of rules and programs that address the great majority of emissions in the South Coast nonattainment area.

For the South Coast 2007 AQMP and the rev ised 2007 State Strategy, the District, CARB and the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG), the South Coast metropolitan planning organization (MPO) for the area, each undertook a process to identify and evaluate potential RACM that could c ontribute to expeditious attainment of the 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast nonattainment area. We describe each agency‘s efforts below.

80 These plans include the 2003 PM 10 Plan (approved 70 FR 69081, November 10, 2005), the 2003 AQMP addressing the 1

- hour ozone standard (partially approved at 74 FR 10176, March 10, 2009), the 2003 State Strategy (portions that address the South Coast 1

- hour ozone standard partially approved at 74 FR 10176, March 10, 2009) and the South Coast 2007 AQMP (submitted November 28, 2007). We proposed partial approval/partial disapproval of the South Coast 2007 AQMP portion that addresses the 1997 PM 2. 5 NAAQS on July 14, 2011 (see 76 FR 41562). Our 2009 final action was challenged in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, which published an opinion remanding certain aspects of EPA's action for further action consistent with the opinion. See Association of Irritated Residents v. EPA , 632 F.3d 584 (9th Cir. 2011). The issues in dispute relate to the consequences of an EPA disapproval of a SIP submittal, the adequacy of EPA's evaluation of a particular control measure from the 2003 State Strategy, and the rati onale for EPA's approval of the State's submittal as meeting the requirements of CAA section 182(d)(1)(A)(TCMs to offset growth in emissions from growth in VMT) in the South Coast. EPA has sought rehearing on some of the issues, and the mandate in this cas e has not yet been issued pending action by the court on the petition for rehearing.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 66 As required by CAA section 1 82(b)(2) and (f) and 40 CFR § 51.912(a) , the District developed a RACT SIP. The District adopted its RACT SIP on July 14, 2006 and CARB submitted it to EPA on January 31, 2007. We found that it met CAA requirements and fully approved it on December 18, 2008, effective January 20, 2009 (see 73 FR 76947 ).

a. District’s RACM Analysis and Control Strategy

The District‘s RACM analysis and its results are described in Chapter 6 and Appendix VI of the 2007 AQMP. The analysis focused on emissions from stationary and area source s that the District has jurisdiction to regulate . Since the 1 970s, the SCAQMD has adopted stationary source control rules that have resulted in significant improvement in air quality in the South Coast Air Basin. In addition to economically and technically feasible control requirements, the District has adopted econ omic inc entive approaches with programs such as the Regional Clean Air Incentives Market (RECLAIM) and the Carl Moyer program. While the District still relies on command and control regulations, the District‘s control strategies are now supplemented by mar ket incentives and compliance flexibility approaches where appropriate. These regulations and strategies have yielded significant emissions reductions from sources under the District‘s jurisdiction. In developing the South Coast 2007 AQMP, the District con ducted a process to identify RACM for the South Coast which involved public meetings to solicit input, evaluation of EPA suggested RACM, and evaluation of other air agencies‘ regulations. The District conducted a five step process which is described in det ail below.

Step 1

- AQMP Summit

In June 2006, the Distri ct conducted a 2007 AQMP Summit . Over 125 attendees including experts from a variety of areas and the public provid ed input on new and innovative approaches to assist the District in attaining the ambient air quality standards for 8

- hour ozone by 2024

. 81 In total, the District received about 200 control measure suggestions. In general, District staff was advised to 1) promote electrification; 2) focus on technology that improves energy efficiency and slows global warming; 3) influence consumer awareness and choice on low

- or zero

- VOC products; 4) incentivize low

- or zero

- emission control technologies; 5) promote the use of remote sensing to detect high polluting vehicles on roads and highways , an d 6) improve public participation and multi

- agency collaboration.

Step 2

- U.S. EPA Suggested List of Control Measures

EPA published a list of suggested potential RACT and RACM for PM 2.5 in the PM 2.5 Implementation Rule (see 72 FR 20586, April 25, 20 07) . As shown in Table 2 of Appendix VI, the District and CARB has included in the 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan control measures for each PM 2.5 RACT and RACM provided by EPA in the preamble to the PM 2.5 Implementation Rule. Since the 2007 AQMP addresses both th e 8

- hour ozone and PM 2.5 standards, some of these measures may be more effective in addressing PM 2.5 than ozone attainment.

81 While the applicable attainment date for extreme ozone areas is June 15, 2024, reductions must be implemented by 2023 to achieve attainment by that date. See 40 CFR § 5 1.908. Therefore, we refer to 2023 as the attainment year and June 15, 2024 as the attainment date.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 67 Step 3

– Control Techniques Guidelines (CTGs) Updated by U.S. EPA in September 2006

As required in CAA section 172(c)(1)

, the S IP for a nonattainment area must include RACM, including RACT for stationary sources . EPA defines RACT as:

― the lowest emission limitation that a particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably availa ble considering technological and economic feasibility ‖. 44 FR 53762 (September 17, 1979)

Section 182(b)(2) and (f) of the Clean Air Act provides that for each ozone nonattainment area classified as moderate or above, the State must submit a revision to the applicable SIP to implement RACT for each VOC source covered by a Control Techniques Guidelines (CTG) document and any other major stationary source of VOC or NOx located in the area

. We fully approved the CAA section 182 RACT SIP for the South Coa st 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area on December 18, 2008. See 73 FR 76947. SCAQMD also looked at the updated CTGs issued by EPA for additional potential RACM measures.

Step 4

- Other Districts’ Current Rules and Regulations

The District reviewed all r ules and regulations recently adopted or amended, from 2000 to 2006, by San Joaquin Valley, Sacramento, Ventura and San Francisco air districts, and compared its rules to analogous requirements in these other California districts. District staff selected these districts for comparison purposes based on their ozone nonattainment classifications.

Table 3 in Appendix VI of the AQMP contains a brief description of the 82 source

- specific rules that staff analyzed and a summary of more stringent requirements adopted by other districts

. In addition, Table 3 also includes a description of the control measures adopted by other agencies for their own 8

- hour ozone plans , and information on advanced technologies or U.S. EPA consent decrees that District staff is a ware of that may result in additional emission reductions. In general, the District‘s current rules and regulations are equivalent to or more stringent than those developed by other California air districts, with a few exceptions shown in Table 3 where im provements are possible. Therefore, the District developed several control measures to address these areas, such as Control Measure MCS

- 01

– Facility Modernization, MCS

- 07

– Application of All Feasible Measures, and CMB

- 02

– Reduction of Emissions in the Regional Clean Air Incentives Market (RECLAIM) . Table 3 in Appendix VI identifies these control measures. In general, the areas identified for potential improvements are to explore the feasibility of lowering emission limits and increasing level of contr ol in order to promote cleaner technologies, lowering VOC content of coatings/solvents, e stablishing standards and test methods for generic control equipment, lowering release or leak thresholds, encouraging continuous wireless monitoring, improving leak d etection, repair, inspection and maintenance, and adding best management practices.

With respect to technological and economic feasibility, the District assumed that technologies and measures which are available and cost

- effective to implement in otherTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 Page 68 air districts in California, would be avai lable and cost

- effective for implementation in the South Coast Basin in a timely manner. Best Available Retrofit Control Technology (BARCT) is reevaluated every three years. The District refines emission inven tory, emission reduction, and
cost

- effectiveness estimates as well as health benefits on an ongoing basis, especially during the rule development process. In addition, the District commits to monitor rule development in other air districts, and will cond uct further study and reevaluate the feasibility of revising the requirements in existing rules if necessary. Instead of amending existing rules, new rules may be adopted to implement the control measures described in the South Coast 2007 AQMP in a more

e ffective manner. Prioritization and schedule s fo r adoption and implementation are discussed in Chapter 7 of the AQMP.

Step 5

- Additional Studies and Analyses

In addition to the above analyses, the District and SCAG have taken the following actions to meet the RACM requirements of the CAA:

• Evaluation of control measures developed by other air districts for their air quality management plans as described in Appendix IV

- A.

• Analysis of the s pecific costs of each SCAQMD stationary source and mobi le source control measure, if available, as provided in Appendix IV

- A and B.

• Development of a schedule for implementing the control measures

, a s discussed in Chapter 7 of the AQMP, which demonstrates that the District will implement the control measure s as expeditiously as practicable considering resources and budgets.

• Completion of a SCAQMD 8

- Hour Ozone RACT SIP Demonstration project which the District submitted to EPA in June 2006 for comment. The District concluded that 1) All SCAQMD rules to im plement the 1

- hour ozone SIP fulfill RACT for the 8

- hour ozone SIP, and 2) a ll CTG sources and all major non

- CTG sources in the Basin are subject to SIP

approved rules satisfying RACT requirements for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard . EPA fully approved the South Coast RACT SIP for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard on December 18, 2008 at 73 FR 76947

.

District’s Conclusion Regarding RACM

Following is the summary of the District‘s findings:

The District evaluated all potentially reasonable control measure s that were available for implementation in the area and inclusion in the South Coast 2007 AQMP.

The control measures in the South Coast 2007 AQMP included all RACM suggeste d by the public and experts.

The control measures in the South Coast 2007 AQMP included all RACT and RACMTSD for the P roposed Approval

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. In general the District‘s rules an d regulations are equivalent to or more stringent than other California districts ‘ rules and regulations and the proposed control measur es in their respective SIPs. In several areas identified in Table 3 of Appendix VI of the AQMP , the existing source

- specific rules may be amended to lower the emissions standards, promote cleaner technologies, add additional best management practices, and improve enforceability. District staff will monitor the rule development processes of other air districts, explore all feasib l e control option s, and conduct further analyses to refine the emission inventory, emission reductions associated with specific r ules , and cost

- effectiveness analysis.

Based on its RACM analysis for stationary and area sources under its jurisdiction, the District scheduled 15 new or revised stationa ry and area source control measures for development and adoption , including measur es at least as stringent as those identified in other California districts‘ SIPs and several innovative measures

. For example , the District developed innovative stationary source control measu res, such as MCS

- 01

– Facility Modernization, CTS

- 02

- Clean C oating Certification , MCS

- 07

– Application of All Feasible Measures, and FLX

- 01

– Economic Incentive Progr ams, that were not included in other California districts‘ SIPs

.

As to the few remaining control measures that District staff rejected from the RAC M analysis, the District determined that these measures would not advance the attainment date or contribute to RFP due to the insignificant or non

- quantifiable amount of emission reductions that they would generate.

T he RACM demonstration for transport ation control measures (TCM s) is included in Appendix IV

C. The District is treating all mobile source control measures provided by CARB to SCAQMD as RACM. See South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix VI, page VI

- 7.

Since the submittal of the South Coast 2007 AQM P, the District has adopted and submitted to EPA 13 of the measures scheduled for development and adoption to meet its commitments and to provide for the implementation of RACM.

Table C

- 1 summarizes the submittal and approval status of District rules. Ta ble C

- 2 provides emissions reduction estimates for those rules.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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### Table C

- 1

. Subm ittal and Approval Status of District Rules in the South Coast 2007 A Q MP for Attainment of the 1997 8

- hour O zone Standard

Rule 445

- Woodburning fireplaces and wood stoves SI P

- approved 74 FR 27716, 6/11/09

Rule 461

– Gasoline transfer and dispensing SIP

- approved 71 FR 18216, 4/11/06

Rule 1110.2

– Liquid and gaseous fuels

– stationary ICEs SIP

- approved 74 FR 18995, 4/27/09

Rule 1111

- Further NOx reductions from space he aters SIP

- approved 75 FR 46845, 08/04/2010

Rule 1143

- Consumer Paint Thinners and Multi

- Purpose Solvents SIP

- approv ed Proposed approval 76 FR 41744, July 15 , 2011

Rule 1144

- Vanishing oils and rust inhibitors SIP

- approved Proposed approval 76 FR 417 44, July 15 , 2011

Rule 1145

– Plastic, Rubber, Leather and Glass Coatings SIP

- approved 75 FR 40726, 07/14/10

Rule 1147

– NOx reductions from miscellaneous sources SIP

- approved 75 FR 46845, 08/04/2010

Rule 1149

- Storage Tank and Pipeline Cleaning and Degassing SIP

- approved 74 FR 67821, 12/21/09TSD for the P roposed Approval

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### Table C

- 2 . Status of District’s Short and Intermediate Term Control Meas u res in the South Coast 2007 AQMP Attainment Demonstration, as revised in 2011
Control

measure Rule No. Title Emissions Reduction Commi tment in South Coast 2007 AQMP , as revised in 2011 Emissions Reductions Achieved a

NOx VOC NOx VOC BCM

- 03 445 Woodburning fireplaces and woodstoves n/a n/a 0.1 tpd 0.7 tpd

CTS

- 01 1144 Metalworking fluids and direct

- contact lubricants n/a 2.0 tpd n/a 4.2 tpd

CTS

- 03 b Consumer Products Certification and Emissions Reductions from the Use of Consumer Products at Inst. and Comm‘l Facilities n/a n/a n/a n/a

CTS

- 04 1143 Consumer Paint Thinners and Multi

- Purpose Solvents n/a n/a n/a 10. 1 tpd

CMB

- 01 1147 NOx reductions from miscellaneous sources 4.1 tpd 4.1 tpd

FUG

- 02 461 Gasoline transfer and dispensing n/a 4.0 tpd n/a

FUG

- 04 1149 Storage Tank and Pipeline Cleaning and Degassing n/a n/a n/a 0.04 tpd

CMB

- 03 1111 Further NOx reductions from space heaters 1.1 tpd n/a 3.0 tpd n/a MCS

- 01 1110.2 Liquid and gaseous fuels

– stationary ICEs 2.2 tpd 9.2 tpd 0.54 tpd 0.3 tpdTSD for the P roposed Approval

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Measures not yet adopted, not yet acted on by EPA, or not fully approved by EPA

NOx VOC

MCS

- 01 1146 NOx from industrial, institutional, & commercial boilers, steam generators, and process heaters Emissions reductio ns not currently creditable; EPA proposed limited approval/limi ted disapproval published July 8 , 2011, se e 76 FR 40303

1146.1 NOx from small ind, inst, &

comm‘l boilers, steam gens, and proc. htrs Emissions reductio ns not currently creditable; EPA proposed limited approval/limi ted disapproval published July 8 , 2011, see 76 FR 40303

EGM

- 01 2301 Emissio ns reductions from new or redevelopment projects 0.8 tpd 0.5 tpd Scheduled for adoption in 2012

MCS

- 05 1127 Livestock waste n/a 0.6 tpd EPA has not yet acted on.

FLX

- 02 Refinery pilot program n/a 1.6 tpd Not yet adopted

. MOB

- 05 AB923 LDV high emitter
program 0.4 tpd 0.7 tpd No rule associated with this

measure. MOB

- 06 AB923 MDV high emitter
program 0.6 tpd 0.6 tpd No rule associated with this

measure. SIP Commitments and Currently Creditable Reductions c

SIP commitment

- NOx 9.2 tpd NOx SIP

- creditable reductions

- NOx 7.7 tpd

SIP commitment

- VOC 19. 3 tpd VOC SIP

- creditable reductions

- VOC 15.3 tpd

a From SCAQMD‘s 2011 ―Revisions to PM2.5 and Ozone State Implementation Plan for South Coast Air Basin and Coachella Valley,‖ wh ich was included as Appendix F in CARB‘s 2011 Progress Report, Tables 2 and 3, and District rule evaluation forms. Some emissions reduction commitments were revised from the information originally provided in the South Coast 2007 AQMP.
b Adopted by CARB in November 2010.

c EPA can only credit District rules that have been adopted, submitted to EPA, and approved for credit in the SIP

. n/a = not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

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_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 73 b . Lo cal Jurisdiction’s RACM Demonstration

The local jurisdiction‘s RACM demonstration was conducted by the Southern California Association of Governments ( SCAG ) , the MPO for the Los Angeles region. This analysis, which focused on transportation control measures (TCMs), and its results are described in Appendix IV

- C of the South Coast 2007 AQMP. TCMs ar e generally measures designed to reduce emissions from on

- road motor vehicles through reductions in vehicle miles traveled (VMT) or traffic congestion.

For the South Coast 2007 AQMP, the RACM demonstration for TCMs is included in Appendix IV

- C, The TCMs in the South Coast 2007 AQMP are derived from TCM projects in the 2006 SCAG Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP). This evaluation, described beginning on page 49 of Appendix IV

- C of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, resulted in extensive local gove rnment commitments to implement programs to reduce auto travel and improve traffic flow. South Coast 2007 AQMP page 6

- 6 and Appendix IV

- C. SCAG also provided reasoned justifications for any measures that it did not adopt. Attachment A to Appendix IV

- C cont ains an extensive list of TCMs in process and newly programmed TCMs.

c . CARB’ s RACM Demonstration and Control Strategy

CARB describes its proposed strategy to reduce emissions from sources within its jurisdiction

– on

- and off

- road engines and vehicles , fuels, and consumer products

- in Chapter 3 of the 2007 State Strategy. CARB has unique authority under the CAA to adopt standards for most categories of on

- and off

- road engines and vehicles, subject in most instances to a waiver by EPA under CAA sectio n 209.

CARB developed its proposed statewide strategy after an extensive public consultation
process to identify potential SIP measures. It included a SIP Symposium in October 2006 and a workshop in November 2006 to discuss development of potential contro l concepts for meeting the federal 8

- hour ozone and PM 2.5 standards. 82 CARB made a draft of the 2007 State Strategy available for public review in April 2007 and conducted a series of public workshops on the draft . On April 26, 2007, CARB staff released a revised draft of the Proposed State Strategy that incorporated changes based on further staff analysis and public comments. CARB Resolution 07

- 28, p. 3.

From this process, CARB identified and committed to propose 15 new defined

measures to address Califo rnia‘s ozone and PM 2.5 nonattainment problem

. 2009 State Strategy Update, p. 23 and CARB Resolution 07

- 28, Attachment B, p. 8. These measures focus on cleaning up the in

- use (legacy) mobile source fleet as well as increasing the stringency of emission sta ndards for a number of engine categories and further reductions from motor vehicle fuels and consumer products. M any if not most of these measures have been adopted for the first time anywhere in the nation. They build on CARB‘s already comprehensive pro gram to address emissions of NOx and VOC from all types of mobile sources through both regulations and

82 More information on this public process including presentations from the workshops and symposium that preceded the adoption of the 2007 State Strategy c an be found at www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/2007sip/2007sip.htm

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 74 incentive programs, as well as from fuels and consumer products . See 2007 State Strategy , p. 38. Table C

- 3 lists these 15 CARB measures and includes on e additional measure each from the California Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) and the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR). Table C

- 4 provides the list of these measures and their adoption and implementation schedule s as updated in CARB‘s 2011 Ozone SIP Revision

.



### T able C

- 3 . 2007 State Strategy Defined Measures Schedule for Consideration

Defined State Measure Expected Adoption Expected Implementation

Smog Check Improvements (BAR) 2007

- 2008 by 2010

Expanded Vehicle Retirement (with BAR) 2008

- 2014 2008

- 2014

Modification to Reformulated Gasoline Program 2007 Phase in starting 2010

Cleaner In

- Use Heavy Duty Trucks 2008 2010

- 2015 Auxiliary Ship Cold Ironing and Clean Technologies 2007

- 2008 Phase in starting 2010

Cleaner Main Ship Engines and Fuels Fuel: 2007 Engines: 2009 Fuel: 2007

- 2010 Engines: Phase in starting 2010

Port Truck Modernization 2007

- 2008 2008

- 2020

Accelerated Introduction of Cleaner Line

Haul Locomotives (enforceable agreement) 2007

- 2008 Starting in 2012

Clean Up Exis ting Harbor Crafts 2007 2009

- 2018

Cleaner In

- Use Off

- Road Equipment 2007 Phase in starting 2008

Clearer In

- Use Agricultural Equipment 2009 Phase in starting 2014

New Emissions Standards for Recreational Boats 2009

- 2010 2012

- 2013
Expanded Off

- Road Recre ational Vehicle Emissions Standards By 2010 2012

- 2015
Enhanced Vapor Recovery for Above Ground Storage Tanks 2007 Phase in starting 2008

Additional Evaporative Emissions Standards By 2010 2010

- 2012

Consumer Products Program (I & II) 2007

- 2008 & 2010

- 20 12 By 2010 By 2012

- 2014 Pesticide Regulation (DPR) 2008 2008
Source: 2009 State Strategy Update, p. 23TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 75 

### Tabl e C

- 4

. 2007 State Strategy Measures Schedule for Consideration,

as updated in July 2011

State Measure Expected Adoptio n Year Implementation Yea r

Smog Check Improvements 1 2007

- 2009 2008

- 2010; 2013 Expanded Vehicle Retirement (AB 118) 2007 2009 Modification to Reformulated Gasoline Program 2007 2010

Cleaner In

- use Heavy Duty Trucks 2007, 2008, 2010 2011

- 2015 Auxiliary Ship Cold Ironing and Clean Technologies 2007

- 2008 2010
Cleaner Main Ship Engines and Fuels 2 Fuel : 2008

- 2011 Engines: 2008 Fuel: 2009

- 2015 Engines: 2011

Port Truck Modernization 2007

- 2008 , 2010 2008

- 2020 Accelerated Introduction of Cleaner Line

- Haul Locomotives 3 2 008 2 012
Clean Up Existing Harbor Craft 2007 , 2010 2009

- 2018 Cleaner In

- Use Off

- Road Equipment 4 2007 , 2010 2009

New Emissions Standards for Recreational Boats 5 See notes See notes

Expanded Off

- Road Recreational Vehicle Emissions Standards 5 See notes Se e notes Enhanced Vapor Recovery for Above Ground Storage Tanks 2008 2009

- 2016

Additional Evaporative Emissions Standards 5 2009 2010

- 2012

See notes S ee notes

Consumer Products Program (I & II) 200 8 2010 2009 2013

- 2014 2011 2014 Department of Pe sticide Regulation rules 2008 , 2009 2009

Source: 2011 Ozone SIP Revision , Appendix D, Table B

- 1.
1 In 2010, the State Legislature improved the effectiveness of the Smog Check program (AB 2289), requiring the Bureau of Automotive Repair to direct older veh icles to high performing auto technicians and test stations for inspection and certification. This new program will be effective in 2013.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 76 2 I n July 2008, ARB adopted a regulation that applies to ships operating within 24 nautical miles (nm) of the Californ ia coastline and visiting California ports. These vessels must use less polluting marine distillate fuel for their main engines, auxiliary engines, and boilers instead of heavy fuel oil. The first phase of cleaner fuel for ship main engines took effect in 2009, with a second phase currently scheduled for 2012. By 2015, the International Maritime Organization‘s fuel sulfur requirements for the North American Emissions Control Area will match CARB‘s phase 2 standards and extend out to 200 miles from the Calif ornia coastline.
3 In 2008, ARB awarded Prop 1B funds to upgrade line

- haul locomotive engines not already accounted for by enforceable agreements with the railroads. Those cleaner line

- hauls will being operation in 2012.
4 R eductions begin in 2014.
5 E xpe cted action in 2013, with implementation schedules to be determined in rulemaking process.

Table C

- 5 provides CARB‘s estimate of the emissions reductions associated with each measure. Table C

- 6 provides EPA‘s estimate of the creditable emissions reducti ons associated with State and District measures.



### Table C

- 5. Expected Emissions Reductions from Defined Measures in the Revised 2007 State Strategy for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone

Nonattainment Area (tons per summer day, 2023)

Measure NO x VOC
Smog Che ck Improvements (BAR) 1.2 5.3

Cleaner In

- Use Heav y

- Duty Trucks 27.4 1.3

Cleaner In

- Use Off

- Road Equipment (> 25 hp) 3.2 0.3
Ship Auxiliary Engine Cold Ironing & Clean Tech. 28.4 0.7
Cleaner Main Ship Engines and Fuel

- Main Engines 44.5 0.8

Accelerat ed Intro. Of Cleaner Line

- Haul Locomotives 0 0 Clean Up Existing Harbor Craft 10.0 0.4 Cargo Handling Equipment 0 0

New Emission Standards for Recreational Boats 0 0
Expanded Off

- Road Rec. Vehicle Emissions Standards 0
Consumer products n/a 7.1

All other local, state, and federal measures 10.4 15.3

Totals: 125 31.3

Source: 2011 Ozone SIP Revision Supplement, Attachment 1. Only defined measures with VOC and/or NO x reductions in the South Coast are shown here. n/a = not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 77 Table C

- 6. Credi table Reductions from Defined Measures in the Revised 2007 State

Strategy for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area

(tons per summer day, 2023)

S tate Measure NO x VOC Status

Smog Check Improvements (BAR) a 1.2 5.3 Elements a pproved , see 7 5 FR 38023, 7/1/ 2010

Cleaner In

- Use Heav y

- Duty Trucks 27.4 1.3 Proposed for Approval ; see 76 FR 40562, 7/ 1 1/ 2011

Modifications to Reformulated Gasoline
program 0 0 Approved, see 75 FR 26653, 5/2/2010

Cleaner In

- Use Off

- Road Equipment (> 25 hp) 3.2 0.3 Waiver measure

Ship Auxiliary Engine Cold Ironing & Clean Tech. 28.4 0.7 Waiver measure

Cleaner Main Ship Engines and Fuel

- Main Engines 44.5 0.8 Proposed for approval 76 FR 40652

, 7/11/2011

Accelerated Intro. Of Cleaner Line

- Haul Locomotives 0 0 Prop 1B funds awarded to upgrade line

- haul locomotive engines not already accounted for by enforceable agreements with the railroads. Those cleaner line

- hauls will begin operation by 2012. Clean Up Existing Harbor Craft 10.0 0.4 Waiver measure

Con sumer Products 0 7.1 Full approval: 74 FR 57074

, 11/4/09; 76 FR 27613

, 5/12/11

All other local, state, and federal measures 7.7 15.3 See Table C

- 2 in this TSD

Totals: 122.4 31.3

Source: 2011 Ozone SIP Revision Addendum, and CARB. Only defined measu res with VOC and/or NO x, reductions in the South Coast are shown here.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 78 c See Footnote 1 to Table C

- 4.

d . CAA Section 182(e)(5) New Technologies Provision

1. Requirements of the CAA Section 182(e)(5) New Technologies Provision

For ozone nonattainment are as classified as extreme, the CAA recognizes that these areas may have to rely to a certain extent on new or evolving technologies to achieve the emissions reductions needed to demonstrate attainment, given t he relatively long time between developing the i nitial plan and the degree of emissions reductions needed to attain the standard. These measures would include those that may anticipate future technological developments or future improvements in existing technology as well as those that may require compl ex analyses and decision making and coordination among a number of government agencies.

CAA s ection 182(e)(5) allows EPA to approve provisions in an extreme area nonattainment area plan which anticipate development of new control technologies, or improvem ent of existing control technologies and to approve an attainment demonstration based on these provisions. However, before EPA can approve these provisions and the attainment demonstration, the state must demonstrate to the ―satisfaction of the Administrat or‖ that

1. the provisions are not necessary to achieve the incremental reductions required during the first 10 years after November 15, 1990; 83 and

2. the State has submitted enforceable commitments to develop and adopt contingency to be implemented if the ant icipated technologies do not achieve the planned reductions.
Under section 182(e)(5), t he S tate must submit its contingency measures no later than 3 years before the original long

- term measure was to have been implemented , and they must be adequate to prod uce emissions reductions sufficient, in conjunction with other approved plan provisions, to achieve the periodic emissions reductions and to attain the ozone standard by the applicable dates. If the EPA determines that the extreme area has failed to achiev e an emissions reductions requirement set forth in section 182 (b)(1) or (c)(2) and that such failure is due in whole or part to an inability to fully implement provisions (related to new technologies) described in section 182(e) (1 through 4) and approved pursuant to section 182(e)(5), the Administrator will require the State to implement the contingency measures to the extent necessary to ensure compliance with the emissions reduction requirements of section 182 (b)(1) and (c)(2). E PA will set a schedule for implementing contingency measures upon making a finding of failure to meet a milestone. The General Preamble further provides that the new technology measures contemplated by section 182(e)(5) may include those that anticipate future technological deve lopments as well as those that require complex analyses, decision making and coordination among a number of government agencies. See General Preamble at 13524. An attainment demonstration that relies

83 Consistent with provisions in our implementation regulations for the 1997 ozone NAAQS at 40 CFR part 51, subpart X, we interpr et this 10 year timeframe to run from the effective date of designation for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 79 on long

- term new technology measures under section 182(e )(5) must identify any such measures and contain a schedule outlining the steps leading to final development and adoption of the

measures. Id. The General Preamble also provides that EPA will set a schedule for implementing contingency measures upon making a finding of failure to meet a milestone, i.e. , to achieve the periodic emissions reductions required by CAA sections 182(b)(1) or (c)(2) or to attain by the applicable dates. Id.

2. CAA Section 182(e)(5) New Technologies Provision in the South Coast 20 07 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

The State Strategy and South Coast AQMP rely on commitments to achieve additional reductions of 241 tpd NOx and 40 tpd VOC by 2023 from new and improved technologies consistent with the requirements of section 182(e)(5). See 2009 State Strategy Status Report, p. 20. The new technology provisions (also called ―long

- term measures‖) described in the revised 2007 State Strategy and South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone SIP are not relied on to demonstrate RFP; they are relied on solely for attainment by June 15, 2024. They are accompanied by an enforceable commitment by the State to adopt and submit contingency measures no later than 3 years before implementation, as required by CAA section 182(e)(5). See CARB Board Resolution 11

- 22, July 21, 2011, p. 4

. We provide our analysis of these new technology provisions below.

To determine if existing technologies could provide sufficient emissions reductions for attainment, CARB analyzed whether current and foreseeable mobile source NOx controls, if fully de ployed, would provide sufficient emissions reductions for attainment in the South Coast by 2020

. C ARB included in this analysis the phasing in of the cleanest new technology standards from 2007

- 2017 that ARB and U.S. EPA have already adopted for diesel eng ines: 0.2 g/bhp

- hr

on

- road truck standards in 2010, full offroad Tier 4 standards in 2014, and the recent U.S. EPA

proposed low

- NOx standards for locomo tive engines starting in 2017. The results are summarized on page 54 of the 2007 State Strategy. For the South Coast, the totals of remaining emissions after full clean

- up of the legacy diesel fleets we re still greater than the NOx carrying capacity for the area

. This fiscally

- unconstrained scenario shows that in 2020, the South Coast would still be approxim ately 133 tpd above its attainment target of 114 tpd of NOx. 2007 State Strategy, p. 54.

CARB and the California districts have a longstanding history of successfully adopting and implementing technology

- advancing regulations and innovative control measu res. They have worked closely with research scientists and the regulated industry to craft regulations that are stringent enough to compel technology development, yet flexible enough to encourage industry innovations. CARB has provided a list of potential long

- term control measures which include reduced deterioration of emission control equipment in passenger vehicles, tighter engine emission standards, cleaner ground support equipment at airports, and prioritizing federal transportation funding to support air quality goals. See pp. 56

- 57 of the 2007 State Strategy.

CARB has also provided updates to its list of potential long

- term measures in both the 2009 State Strategy update and the 2011 ozone SIP revision. See 2009 State Strategy Status Report, pp. 25

- 27 and 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, pp. A

- 8 to A

- 12. In the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, CARB reasserts its commitment to ensure that measures are identified noTSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 80 later than 2020 and the emissions reductions are achieved by 2023. 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, p. A

- 8.

To implement the long

- term strategy, CARB has committed to a process that will help ensure that the long

- term measures are adopted and that reductions are achieved by the beginning of the last full ozone season before the attainment date. CARB is coordinating a government, private and public effort to establish emission goals for critical mobile and stationary emission source categories. The effort includes periodic assessment of technology advancement opportunities and updates to the Board and the public regarding new emission control opportunities and progress in achieving the long

- term measure reductions. CARB‘s commitment for implementing the long

- term strategy also includes (a) sharing the results of its efforts to identify emergi ng emissions reduction opportunities, promising technologies, and the progress made in developing long

- term emission reduction measures with the public through periodic briefings to the Board, workshops, conferences, symposia, website postings and other m eans, (b) working to secure resources in the future for continuing research and development of new technologies, and (c) development of schedules for moving from control technology research to implementation. Id.

An initial step in the long

- term strategy was the signing of a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between the U.S. EPA, CARB and the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Districts to commit to developing and testing new sustainable technologies to accelerate progress in meeting air quality goals. The goal of the MOA is to improve air quality by align ing agency research resources , where possible and appropriate, to evaluate innovative technologies that have the potential to reduce emissions, and to develop and assess new monitoring equipment to better measure mobile and stationary source emissions. These agencies also intend to coordinate research efforts with other public and private stakeholders, including other federal departments and agencies and other local and state entities with the goal of using the resources and capacities of a wide sector of government and the business community in projects to develop, demonstrate, and assess new technologies for clean air.

The agencies involved in the MOA have also established a Clean Air Technology Working G roup to help bring together the necessary participants (e.g., scientists, engineers, analysts and agency specialists) to achieve the goals of the MOA. 2009 State Strategy Status Report, pp. 25

- 27. For the South Coast, the focus has been on demonstrating ne w technologies for goods movement activities at a large intermodal rail yard in the City of San Bernardino, and on the more than 1000 stationary and area emission sources in the City of San Bernardino (e.g., auto repair shops, transportation facilities, co ncrete and aggregate operations, military installations, printing and coating operations, and manufacturing facilities). See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, p. A

- 9.

Other State programs that may achieve emissions reductions to help meet CARB‘s 182( e)(5) commitment include:

potential co

- benefits from California‘s climate change programs where State legislation (Assembly Bill 32

– Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32)) aims to reduce greenhouse g as es (GHG) in 2020 to 1990 levels or by about 3 0%.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 81 Reducing emissions from combustion sources is at the core of California‘s AB32 Scoping Plan and is also central to meeting the federal ozone standard. Regulations adopted as part of AB32 will provide emissions reductions that will be incorporated into future air quality plans for ozone and fine particles.

California‘s Air Qual ity Improvement Program (AQIP) is an incentive program administered by CARB to fund clean vehicle and equipment projects, research on biofuels production, and the air quality im pact of alternative fuels, as well as workforce training. The program supports the deployment of hybrid and zero

emission vehicles and other advanced technologies today in order to achieve the large

- scale reductions needed in the future . California‘s large funding commitment for hybrid truck technology provides emissions benefits today as well as likely enabling heavy

- duty hybrid trucks to become commonplace in the near future through encouraging production economies of scale. AQIP is also providing vehicle purchaser incentives for zero emission passenger vehicles, plug

in hybrid cars, electric lawnmowers, and demonstration projects for cleaner marine and locomotive engines.

California‘s annual research program, which identifies projects and provides fundin g to help provide timely scientific and technical information needed for State and local air quality control programs. Specifically, this program supports CARB‘s mission to understand air pollution health effects and exposures, develop and implement strate gies to reduce GHG emissions and energy consumption, and support the development of technologies and non

- technological strategies that address multiple air quality priorities.

In addition to its commitment to the process discussed above, CARB has committe d to submit an 8

- hour ozone SIP revision by 2020 that will: (1) reflect modifications to the 2023 emission reduction target based on updated science and (2) identify additional strategies and implementing agencies needed to achieve the needed reductions by the beginning of the 2023 ozone season. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, p. A

- 8.

CARB‘s 2011 Ozone SIP Revision updates and reaffirms both the ―long

- term strategy commitment to identify and implement advanced technologies to reduce ozone

- forming emissions in the State Strategy‖ and the State‘s enforceable commitment ―to develop, adopt, and submit contingency measures by 2020 if advanced technology measures do not achieve planned reductions.‖ See CARB Resolution 11

- 22, July 21, 2011. Finally, CARB has commi tted to meet annually with EPA to discuss strategies to maximize the clean air benefits of emerging advanced technologies and to provide annual summaries of strategies and activities. 84

The SCAQMD has also provided a list of potential advanced control tec hnologies and innovative approaches that could achieve the long

- term reductions (See South Coast 2007 AQMP, pp. 4

- 54 to 4

- 71). SCAQMD also has an active Technology Advancement Office. The

84 See letter, James Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, to Jared Blumenfeld, Regional Administrator, EPA Region 9, dated August 29 , 2011.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 82 South Coast technology advancement efforts include, though are not l imited to: Heavy

- Duty Class 8 Electric Trucks, Vehicle Maintenance, Commercial Green Cleaners, Fireplace Gas Log Buy

- down, Residential Yard Equipment and Commercial Leaf Blower Exchange, Boiler and Process Heater Efficiency Upgrades, Architectural Coating Rebates, and zero

- emission electric delivery trucks.

The South Coast 2007 AQMP includes a discussion of CAA section 182(e)(5) new technologies in Chapter 4, ―AQMP Control Strategy‖, starting on page 4

- 54. Because the modeling in the South Coast 2007 AQMP projects an attainment date of 2023, and by 2023, emissions will be dominated by mobile sources, the District has determined that a NOx

- heavy control strategy supplemented with additional VOC reductions will be the most effective ozone strategy for the reg ion. Long

- term reductions are based on measures that anticipate the development of new control techniques or improvement of existing control techniques for mobile

sources.

The amount of reductions needed from this provision of the CAA is determined by th e difference between the final attainment target (114 tpd of NOx and 420 tpd of VOC) and the emissions remaining after the implementation of short

- term and mid

- term control measures. The difference is 241 tpd of NOx and 40 tpd of VOC in the South Coast 8

- h our ozone nonattainment

area.

Table C

- 7 provides some of the approaches that the District is considering to meet the requirements of CAA Section 18 2(e)(5). The measures in Table C

- 7 fall into four broad categories:

Further reductions from on

- road mobile sources,

Further reductions from on

- road heavy

- duty vehicles,
Further reductions from off

- road mobile sources, and Further reductions from consumer products.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 83 

### Table C

- 7 . Possible Approaches for Long

- Term Control Measures in

the South Coast 20 07 AQMP

Light Duty Vehicles Extensive retirement of high

- emitting vehicles and accelerated penetration of PZEVs and ZEVs

On

- Road Heavy Duty Vehicles Expanded modernization and retrofit of heavy

- duty trucks and
buses Expanded inspection and maintenance p rogram Advanced near

- zero and zero

- emitting cargo transportation technologies

Off

- Road Vehicles Expanded modernization and retrofit of off

- road equipment

Marine Vessels More stringent emissions standards and programs for new and existing ocean

- going vess els and harbor craft

Locomotives Advanced near

- zero and zero

- emitting cargo transportation technologies

Pleasure Craft Accelerated replacement and retrofit of high

- emitting engines

Aircraft More stringent emissions standards for jet aircraft (engine

sta ndards, clean fuels, retrofit controls); Airport Bubble

Consumer Products Ultra low

- VOC formulations; reactivity

- based controls

Renewable Energy Accelerated use of renewable energy and development of hydrogen technology and infrastructure

AB32 Implement ation Concurrent criteria pollutant reduction technologies

Source: South Coast 2007 AQMP, Table 4

- 9, page 4

- 56

. Further reductions from on

- road mobile sources

The District would work to achieve further NOx reductions from on

- road mobile source categori es through 1) accelerated turnover of high

- emitting vehicles and penetration of Advanced Technology Partial Zero Emission Vehicle ( ATPZEVs ) and zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), 2) expanded modernization of heavy

- duty vehicles through replacement or retrofits ; 3) fuel reformulations and use of alternatives to diesel fuel, and 4) advanced near

- zero and zero

emitting goods movement technologies.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 84 Further reductions from on

- road heavy

- duty vehicles

The District proposes to work on the development of expande d inspection and maintenance (I/M) program for heavy

- duty diesel trucks by 2015. The smoke inspection program already in existence would be expanded to include 1) visual inspection of the emissions control devices, 2) an electronic check of the engine‘s o n

- board computer, and 3) the use of remote sensing technology to analyze in

- use heavy

- duty truck emissions.

Further reductions from off

- road mobile sources

This control measure would achieve further NOx reductions from various off

- road mobile source cat egories through 1) accelerated turnover of existing equipment and vehicles, replacing them with equipment meeting newer emissions standards, 2) retrofit of existing vehicles and equipment with add

- on controls such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR), an d 3) new engine standards for source categories such as aircraft and ships.

Further reductions from consumer products

After the implementation of the control strategy in the South Coast 2007 AQMP, consumer products will be the largest source of VOC in t he South Coast air basin. The District would therefore implement low

- VOC technologies developed for stationary sources into categories with similar uses in consumer products. Additionally, the use of lower reactive VOC compounds could offer the potential f or achieving additional reductions. Other Control Programs and Commitments

The State and District have a number of other programs which are not all directed at ozone attainment but may provide concurrent reductions. Under Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the State of California has established the goal of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. Under AB32, CARB must establish a mandatory reporting and tracking system, update the emissions inventory, and develop appropriate regulations to ach ieve maximum technologically feasible

In addition, the South Coast AQMD has identified a ―clean energy‖ strategy that focuses agencies and business leaders on using the cleanest technologies, making efficient land

- use decisions, cleaner energy generation (solar and fuel cells), modernizing old inefficient power plants and improving building energy use. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, pp. A

- 10 to A

- 12.

3. Control Strategy

a . Control Strategy in the South Coast 2007 AQMP and Revised 2007 State Strategy

F or the purposes of evaluating the South Coast 2007 AQMP and 2007 State Strategy, we have divided the measures relied on in the attainment and RFP demonstrations and to meet the contingency measures requirement into two categories: baseline measures and co ntrol strategy

measures.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 85 As the term is used here, baseline measures are federal, State, and District rules and regulations adopted prior to October 2006 (i.e., prior to the development of the South Coast 2007 AQMP and 2007 State Strategy) that continue to generate emissions reductions through to the attainment year of 2023 and beyond. 85 2007 S tate Strategy, Appendix A, p. 1 , and South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix III, p. III

- 2

- 3. Reductions from these measures are incorporated into the baseline inventory an d, for the most part, not individually quantified. These measures provide the majority of emissions reductions needed to attain the 8

- hour ozone standards in the South Coast nonattainment area. See Tabl e D

- 1 in this TSD.

C ontrol strategy measures are t he new rules, rule revisions, commitments and other adjustments to the inventory that provide the additional increment of emission reductions needed beyond the baseline measures to demonstrate RFP and attainment , meet RACM and/or RACT, and/or provide for c ontingency measures.

We evaluate the control strategy measures in this section. Baseline measures are listed in Appendices A and B to this TSD.

b. District Control Strategy Measures and Commitments

For the South Coast 2007 AQMP, the District identified and commi tted to updating and adopting 15 control measures to reduce emissions of NOx and/or VOC, as well as direct PM 2.5 and SOx since the South Coast 2007 AQMP addresses both 8

- hour ozone and PM 2.5 attainment. In Table C

- 1 above , we list the anticipated timing of the expected emissions reductions from these measures; however, we note that the District‘s commitment is only to aggregate emissions reductions. See South Coast 2007 AQMP, p. 4

- 2 and 4

- 73 and SCAQMD Governing Board Resol u tion 07

- 9, p. 10. In Table C

- 1, we provide the current SIP submittal and approval status of the measures in the South Coast 2007 AQMP . As can be seen from Table C

- 1 , the District has largely met its rulemaking schedule, and has only a few rule actions remaining. In Table C

- 2

, we show the emissions reductions, as given in the South Coast 2007 AQMP as revised in 2011, and in individual rule submittals, for the measures that have been approved by EPA and for the measures that have been adopted by the District and su bmitted to EPA , respectively. The reductions listed in Table C

- 2 are the ones anticipated to be achievable from each rule at the time the South Coast 2007 AQMP was adopted. Actual reductions from each rule once adopted may be greater or less t han the anticipated reduct ions.

c

. CARB Measures and Commitments

The 2007 State Strategy includes a commitment by CARB to propose new defined measures. 2007 State Strategy, page 62, and CARB Resolution 07

- 28, Attachment B, page 8 and 2011 Progre ss Report, Appendix B. Table C

- 4 above lists these defined measures and their current adoption and approval status. These measures focus on cleaning up the in

- use fleet as well as increasing the stringency of emissions standards for a number of engine categories, fuels, and consumer pro ducts. They build on CARB‘s existing program, which addresses emission from all types of mobile sources through both regulations and incentive programs. As can be

85 These measures a

re typically rules that have compliance dates that occur after the adoption date of a plan and mobile source measures that generate reductions through fleet turnover.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 86 seen from this table, the State has already adopted and EPA has approved or proposed to
appro ve, or is in the process of granting waivers under CAA section 209

, for most of these measures. These new measures build on the State‘s already extensive list of adopted measures, which can be found in the 2007 State Strategy (page 38) and in Appendix A of this TSD.

California has adopted standards for many categories of on

- and off

- road vehicles and engines, gasoline and diesel fuels, and numerous categories of consumer products. The State‘s measures fall within two categories: measures for which the Sta te has obtained or has applied to obtain a waiver of federal pre

- emption under CAA section 209 (―section 209 waiver measure‖ or ―waiver measure‖) and those for which the State is not required to obtain a waiver (―non

- waiver measure‖). See EPA‘s proposed ap proval and final approval of the SJV 1

- Hour Ozone Plan at 74 FR 33933, 33938, (July 14, 2009) and 75 FR 10420, 10424 (March 8, 2010). 86

i

. Section 209 Waiver Measures

A waiver under CAA section 209 is, in general, required for most of California‘s on

- and nonroad vehicle or engine standards

. Examples of State waiver measures are: low emission vehicle program, heavy duty bus standards, and small off

- road engine standard s

. A list of California‘s waiver measures can be found in the Appendix A of this TSD

. Ca lifornia‘s motor vehicle emissions control program predates the first federal statute regulating motor vehicle emissions, the Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act of 1965 (which amended the CAA of 1963)

. In further CAA amendments, referred to as the Air Quality Act of 1967 (Pub. L. 90

- 148), Congress allowed the State of California, and only California, a waiver of the Air Quality Act‘s pre

- emption of state emissions standards for new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines because of California‘s pio neering efforts and unique problems

. This was not changed when the statute was amended in 1970

. The 1977 amendments to the CAA expanded the flexibility granted to California in order ―to afford California the broadest possible discretion in selecting the b est means to protect the health of its citizens and the public welfare.‖ (H.R. Rep. No. 294, 95th Congr., 1st Sess. 301

- 2 (1977)

. So long as California determines that its motor vehicle standards are ―in the aggregate‖ at least as protective of public heal th and welfare as applicable federal standards, title II of the CAA requires EPA, unless it makes certain findings, to waive the Act‘s general prohibition on state adoption and enforcement of standards relating to the control of emissions from new motor ve hicles or new motor vehicle engines

. See CAA section 209 , subsections (a) and (b). As part of the 1990 Amendments to the CAA, Congress enacted subsection (e) of section 209. In nearly identical language to subsections (a) and (b) of section 209, subsection (e) sets forth the federal pre

- emption of state emissions standards for nonroad vehicles or engines but allows the State of California, and only California, a waiver of pre

- emption (with certain exceptions) under criteria that mirror the section 2 09(b) wa iver provisions for motor vehicles.

In EPA ‘s review of the California SIP and its many revisions, EPA has historically allowed emission s reduction credit for the motor vehicle emissions standards that are subject to a

86 EPA ‘s position is also discussed in Brief of Respondents, Sierra Club, et al., And Com mittee for a Better Arvin, et al. v. United States Environmental Protection Agency, et al

., United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Case Nos. 10

- 71457 and 10

- 71458, May 5, 2011, pp. 33

- 44.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 87 section 209(b) waiver without requiri ng California to submit the standards themselves to EPA for approval as part of the California SIP

. In this respect

, EPA treated these rules similarly to the federal motor vehicle control requirements, which EPA has always allowed states to credit in their SIPs without submitting the program as a SIP revision

. Since 1990, EPA has treated California nonroad standards for which EPA has issued waivers in the same manner as California motor vehicle standards, i.e., allowing credit for standards subject to the w aiver process without requiring submittal of the standards as part of the SIP . In so doing, EPA has treated the California nonroad standards similarly to the Federal nonroad standards, which are relied upon, but not included in, various SIPs.

Credit for F ederal measures, including those that establish on

- road and nonroad standards, notwithstanding their absence in the SIP, is justified by reference to CAA section 110(a)(2)(A), which establishes the following content requirements for SIPs: ―... enforceable

e mission limitations and other control measures, means, or techniques (including economic incentives such as fees, marketable permits, and auctions of emissions rights), ... , as may be necessary or appropriate to meet the applicable requirements of this chap ter.‖ (emphasis added). Federal measures are permanent, independently enforceable (by EPA and citizens), and quantifiable without regard to whether they are approved into a SIP, and thus EPA has never found such measures to be ―necessary or appropriate‖ fo r inclusion in SIPs to meet the applicable requirements of the Act. Section 209 of the CAA establishes a process under which EPA allows California‘s waiver measures to substitute for Federal measures, and like the Federal measures for which they substitut e, EPA has historically found, and continues to find, based on considerations of permanence, enforceability, and quantifiability, that such measures are not ―necessary or appropriate‖ for California to include in its SIP to meet the applicable requirements of the Act.

First, with respect to permanence

, we note that, to maintain a waiver, CARB‘s on

- road waiver measures can be relaxed only to a level of aggregate equivalence to the Federal Motor Vehicle Control Program (FMVCP) . See section 209(b)(1)

. In thi s respect, the FMVCP acts as a partial backstop to California‘s on

- road waiver measures (i.e., absent a waiver, the FMVCP would apply in California)

. Likewise, Federal nonroad vehicle and engine standards act as a partial backstop for corresponding Califor nia nonroad waiver measure s

. The constraints of the waiver process thus serve to limit the extent to which CARB can relax the waiver measures for which there are corresponding EPA standards, and thereby serve an anti

- backsliding function similar in substan ce to those established for SIP revisions in CAA sections 110(l) and 193

. Meanwhile, the growing convergence between California and EPA mobile source standards diminishes the difference in the emissions reductions reasonably attributed to the two programs and strengthens the role of the Federal program in serving as an effective backstop to the State
program

. In other words, with the harmonization of EPA mobile source standards with the corresponding State standards, the Federal program is becoming essentia lly a full backstop to most parts of the California program. Second, as to enforceability, w e note that the waiver process itself bestows enforceability onto California to enforce the on

- road or nonroad standards for which EPA has issued the waiver. CARB h as as long a history of enforcement of vehicle/engine emissions standards as EPA, and CARB‘s enforcement program is equally as rigorous as the corresponding EPA
program

. The history and rigor of CARB‘s enforcement program lends assurance to CaliforniaTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 88 SIP revisions that rely on the emissions reductions from CARB‘s rules in the same manner as EPA‘s mobile source enforcement program lends assurance to other state ‘s SIPs in their reliance on emissions reductions from the FMVCP. While it is true that citizens a nd EPA are not authorized to enforce California waiver measures under the Clean Air Act (i.e., because they are not in the SIP), citizens and EPA are authorized to enforce EPA standards in the event that vehicles operate in California without either Califo rnia or EPA certification,

As to quantifiability, EPA‘s historical practice has been to give SIP credit for motor

vehicle

- related waiver measures by allowing California to include motor vehicle emissions estimates made by using California‘s EMFAC (and its predecessors) motor vehicle emissions factor model in SIP inventories. EPA verifies the emissions reductions from motor

- vehicle

related waiver measures through review and approval of EMFAC, which is updated from time to time by California to reflect updat ed methods and data, as well as newly

- es tablished emissions standards. (Emissions reductions from EPA‘s motor vehicle standards are reflected in an analogous model known as MOBILE.) The EMFAC model is based on the motor vehicle emissions standards for whic h California has received waivers from EPA but accounts for vehicle deterioration and many other factors

. The motor vehicle emissions estimates themselves combine EMFAC results with vehicle activity estimates, among other considerations

. See the 1982 Bay A rea Air Quality Plan, and the related EPA rulemakings approving the plan (see 48 FR 5074 (February 3

, 1983) for the proposed rule and 48 FR 57130 (December 28, 1983) for the final rule) as an example of how the waiver measures have been treated historicall y by EPA in California SIP actions. 87 T he San Joaquin Valley plan was developed using a version of the EMFAC model referred to as EMFAC200 7, which EPA has approved for use in SIP development in California. See 73 FR 3464 ( January 18, 2008 ). Thus, the emissi ons reductions that are from the California on

- road ―waiver measures‖ and that are estimated through use of EMFAC are as verifiable as are the emissions reductions relied upon by states other than California in developing their SIPs based on estimates of m otor vehicle emissions made through the use of the MOBILE model.
Moreover, EPA‘s waiver review and approval process is analogous to the SIP approval
process

. First, CARB adopts its emissions standards following notice and comment procedures at the state le vel, and then submits the rules to EPA as part of its waiver request

. When EPA

87 EPA‘s historical practice in allowing California c redit for waiver measures notwithstanding the absence of the underlying rules in the SIP is further documented by reference to EPA‘s review and approval of a May 1979 revision to the California SIP entitled, ―Chapter 4, California Air Quality Control Strat egies.‖ In our proposed approval of the 1979 revision (44 FR 60758, October 22, 1979), we describe the SIP revision as outlining California‘s overall control strategy, which the State had divided into vehicular sources and non

- vehicular (stationary source) controls. As to the former, the SIP revision discusses vehicular control measures as including technical control measures and transportation control measures. The former refers to the types of measures we refer to herein as waiver measures, as well as fue l content limitations, and a vehicle inspection and maintenance program. The 1979 SIP revision included several appendices, including appendix 4

– E, which refers to ―ARB vehicle emission controls included in title 13, California Administrative Code, chapter 3 * * *,‖ including the types of vehicle emission standards we refer to herein as waiver measures; however, California did not submit the related portions of the California Administrative Code (CAC) to EPA as part of the 1979 SIP revision submittal. With respect to the CAC, the 1979 SIP revision states: ―The following appendices are portions of the California Administrative Code. Persons interested in these appendices should refer directly to the code.‖ Thus, the State was clearly signaling its intention to rely on the California motor vehicle control program but not to submit the underlying rules to EPA as part of the SIP. In 1980, we finalized our approval as proposed. See 45 FR 63843 (September 28, 1980).TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 89 receives new waiver requests from CARB, EPA publishes a notice of opportunity for public hearing and comment and then publishes a decision in the Federal Register following the public comment period

. Once again, in substance, the process is similar to that for SIP approval and supports the argument that one hurdle (the waiver process) is all Congress intended for California standards, not two (waiver process plus SIP approval pro cess)

. Second , just as SIP revisions are not effective until approved by EPA, changes to CARB‘s rules (for which a waiver has been granted) are not effective until EPA grants a new waiver, unless the changes are ―within the scope‖ of a prior waiver and no new waiver is needed. Third, both types of final actions by EPA

-- i.e., final actions on California requests for waivers and final actions on state submittals of SIPs and SIP revisions

— may be challenged under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA in the appropriate United States Court of Appeals. Further statutory support for EPA‘s long

- standing practice is found in CAA section 193. CAA section 193, enacted as part of the 1990 Amendments to the CAA, is a general savings clause that provides for, among other things, EPA statutory interpretations that predate those amendments to remain in effect so long as not inconsistent with the Act

. At the time it enacted section 193, Congress did not insert any language into the statute rendering EPA‘s consistent prior treatment o f California‘s motor vehicle standards inconsistent with the Act . Moreover, where Congress intends state control measures that are otherwise pre

- empted under title II of the Clean Air Act to be incorporated into SIPs, it has required that explicitly. See

, e.g ., section 211(c)(4)(C) (State fuels regulations), section 211(m) (oxygenated gasoline regulations)

, and section 246 (centrally fueled fleets). Thus, in section 193, Congress effectively ratified EPA‘s longstanding pre

- 1990 practice of allowing emission s reduction credit for California standards subject to the waiver process notwithstanding the absence of the standards in the SIP itself

.
As noted above, under the CAA Amendments of 1990, Congress enacted subsection (e) of section 209. In nearly identical language to subsections (a) and (b) of section 209, subsection (e) sets forth the federal pre

- emption of state emissions standards for nonroad vehicles or engines but allows the State of California, and only California, a waiver of pre

- emption (with certai n exceptions) under criteria that mirror the section 2 09(b) waiver provisions for motor vehicles. Congress is presumed to be aware of agency interpretations and its subsequent revision of the statute to add subsection (e) without overruling EPA‘s interpret ation with respect to motor vehicle standards is further compelling evidence that the Agency correctly interpreted congressional intent with respect to crediting California requirements subject to a section 209 waiver without requiring California to submit the standards themselves to EPA for approval as part of the California SIP.

We believe that section 193 of the CAA, the general savings clause added by Congress in 1990, effectively ratified our long

- standing practice of granting credit for the California waiver rules because Congress did not insert any language into the statute rendering EPA‘s treatment of California‘s motor vehicle standards inconsistent with the Act

. Rather, Congress extended the California waiver provisions to most types of nonroad veh icles and engines, once again reflecting Congressional intent to provide California with the broadest possible discretion in selecting the best means to protect the health of its citizens and the public welfare

. Requiring the waiver measures to undergo SIP review in addition to the statutory waiver process is not consistent with providing California with the broadest possible discretion as to on

- road and nonroad vehicle and engine standards, but rather, would add to the regulatory burden California faces in establishing and modifying such standards, and thus would not be consistent withTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 90 Congressional intent

. In short, we believe that Congress intended California‘s mobile source rules to undergo only one EPA review process (i.e., the waiver process), not two. Even if section 193 did not provide congressional acquiescence as to EPA‘s treatment of the standards, the Act‘s structure, evolution, and provision for the waiver of Federal pre

- emption for California mobile source emissions standards , as discussed abov e, support EPA‘s long

- standing interpretation of the CAA to allow California to rely on emission reductions resulting from waiver measures in SIPs, notwithstanding the waiver measures‘ absence from the SIP itself.

ii. Non

- waiver measures

These measures include improvements to California‘s inspection and maintenance (I/M) program, SmogCheck, as well as cleaner burning gasoline and diesel regulations. A list of these

non

- waiver measures , many of which have been SIP approved, can be found Appendix A.

In a ddition to the State‘s commitment to propose specific measures , the 2007 State Strategy includes an enforceable commitment for emissions reductions sufficient in combination with existing measures and the District‘s commitments to attain the 8

- hour ozone N AAQS in the San Joaquin Valley by the requested attainment date of June 15, 2024 . For the South Coast 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area , the 2007 State Strategy includes a State commitment to achieve 54 tpd of VOC and 1 41 tpd of NO x in the South Coast nonatt ainment area by 2023. See 2007 State Strategy, p. 24 and CARB Resolution 07

- 28, Attachment B , p. 4. The nature of this commitment is described in the State Strategy as follows:

―T he total emission reductions from the new measures necessary to attain the f ederal standards are an enforceable State commitment in the SIP. While the proposed State Strategy includes estimates of the emission reductions from each of the individual new measures, it is important to note that the commitment of the State Strategy is to achieve the total emission reductions necessary to attain the federal standards, which would be the aggregate of all existing and proposed new measures combined. Therefore, if a particular measure does not get its expected emission reductions, the State still commits to achieving the total aggregate emission reductions, whether this is realized through additional reductions from the new measures or from alternative control measures or incentive programs. If actual emission decreases occur in any air basi n for which emission reduction commitments have been made that are greater than the projected emissions reductions from the adopted measures in the State Strategy, the actual emission decreases may be counted toward meeting ARB‘s total emission reduction c ommitments. ‖

CARB Resolution 07

- 28 (September 27, 2007), Attachment B , p. 3. The 2011 Progress Report further discusses this commitment: ―When ARB adopted the 2007 State Strategy as a SIP revision, the State of California made a legal commitment, required by the Clean Air Act and enforceable in federal court, to reduce emissions to the levels necessary for attainment. ARB specifically identified several ways this emission reduction commitment could be achieved:

New measures as described in the SIPTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 91

Other a lternative measures that ARB had not considered at the time the SIP was adopted Incentive programs that support the replacement or retrofit of aging, higher polluting pieces of equipment Actual emission decreases‖ 2011 Progress Report, p. 4.

A s described i n section II.A. of this TSD, CARB has adjusted baseline emissions estimates for source categories subject to its recently

- revised in

- use rules. Table C

- 4 reflects the revised implementation schedule CARB submitted in i ts 2011 Progress Report. Table C

- 8 sho ws original and adjusted baseline emissions inventories for the s ources affected by each measure

. The adjustments to the inventories show the effect of the resent economic recession and, for some source categories, changes to inventory methodologies

. These changes are reflected in Tables C

- 5 and C

- 6 above. Table C

- 5 lists the emissions reductions (from the adjusted baseline emissions inventories) that the State now estimates it will achieve from its measures as adopted or revised and which are currently cre ditable to wards CARB‘s commitment

. Table C

- 6 indicates the measures currently creditable in the attainment demonstration.



### Table C

- 8 . Ori g i nal an d Adjusted Baseline Emissions Invent ories for the

Sources Affected by CARB Control Measures

State Measure NO x VOC
Original Adjusted Change Original Adjusted C hange
Smog Check Improvements (BAR) 74.3 74.3 0 97.4 97.4 0

Cleaner In

- Use Heavy

- Duty Trucks & Buses 69.7 76.8 +7.1 6.2 6.6 +0.4

Cleaner In

- Use Off

- Road Equipment (>25hp) 45.8 18.9 26.9 8.0 2.0 6 .0

Ship Auxiliary Engine Cold Ironing and Clean Technology 56.7 40.3 16.4 0.9 1.5 +0.6

Cleaner Main Ship Engines and Fuel

– Main Engines 46.6 65.8 +19.2 1.9 3.2 +1.3

Accelerated Intro. Of Cleaner Line

- Haul Locomotives 21.0 21.0 0 2.4 2.4 0TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 92 

### Table C

- 8 . Ori g i nal an d Adjusted Baseline Emissions Invent ories for the

Sources Affected by CARB Control Measures

State Measure NO x VOC

Original Adjusted Change Original Adjusted C hange

Clean up Existing Harbor Craft 12.8 18.4 +5.6 1.3 1.0 0.3

Cargo Handling Equipment 2.6 1.8 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.3

New Emission Standards for Recreational Boats 18.3 18.3 0 50.8 50.8 0

Expanded Off

- Road Rec. Vehicle Emissions Standards n/a n/a n/a 13.4 13.4 0

Co nsumer Products Program n/a n/a n/a 109.5 109.5 0

All Other State, Local and Federal Emissions 157 157 0 241 241 0

Totals: 505 493 12.2 534 529 4.3 Source: 2011 Ozone SIP Revision Supplement, Attachment 1.

4

. Evaluation and Conclusion on RACM and Con trol Strategy

CARB and the SCAQM D have demonstrated a clear need for emissions reduction from new and improved control technologies to reduce air pollution in the South Coast 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area . The adopted control measu res and enforceable com mitments provide the majority, but not all, of the balance of the emissions reductions needed to attain by June 15, 2024. See Table D

- 1 . For the balance of the reduction s nee ded for attainment, the South C o ast 2007 8

- Hour Ozo ne Plan relies on the State‘s a nd District‘s long

- term strategy to develop and deploy new technologies as is allowed under CAA section 182(e)( 5 ). Based on our review of the new technologies provisions in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP, we are proposing to approve the CARB‘s and District‘s long

- term strategy provisions and related commitments in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP under CAA section 182(e)(5). This proposal is based on our proposed findings that these provisions satisfy the two criteria in CAA section 182(e)(5)(A ) and (B).
First, the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP does not rely on any of the new technology reductions to demonstrate RFP in any milestone year between 2008 and 2020. Already adopted measures provide for the required RFP in each milestone year from 2008 until the attainment year of 2023. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, p. A

- 3 and section II. E . of this TSD.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 93 Second, CARB has submitted an enforceable commitment to submit adopted contingency measures to EPA by 2020 as required by CAA section 182(e)(5). See CARB Resolution 11

- 22, July 21, 2011. The se contingency measures must be adequate to produce emissions reductions sufficient, in conjunction with other approved plan provisions, to achieve the periodic emissions reductions required by CAA sections 182(b)( 1) or (c)(2) and to attain by the applicable dates

. See C AA 182(e)(5). Following the State‘s submittal of these contingency measures, EPA will approve or disapprove the provisions in accordance with CAA section 110.

Both the CARB and the District have take n steps to research, demonstrate and deploy technologies for achieving the needed reductions. These steps include establishing a Technology Advancement Program and funding incentive programs. Both CARB and the District have made commitments to research, ev aluate, adopt and implement long

- term measures as they are identified. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, pp. A

- 8

- A

- 12. The 2007 State Strategy includes commitments by CARB to develop and submit revisions to the Strategy by no later than 2020 that wi ll: (1) reflect modifications to the 2023 emission reduction target based on updated science and (2) identify additional strategies and implementing agencies needed to achieve the needed reductions by 2023. See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, p. A

- 8. The District also committed to make by the end of 2019 the necessary revisions

.

CARB has also comm itted to achieve 241 tpd of NO x reductions and 40 tpd of VOC reductions in 2023 through new technology measures approved under section 182(e)(5 ) . We note that the amount and relative proportion of reductions from measures scheduled for long

- term adoption under section 182(e)(5), as compared to measures already adopted in regulatory form or scheduled for near

- term adoption, should clearly decrease in any future SIP update, and that EPA will not approve a SIP revision that contains an increase in the amount or relative proportion of section 182(e)(5) new technology measures without a convincing showing in a SIP revision that the technologies relied upon in the near

- term rule s have been found to be technologically infeasible or ineffective in achieving the expected emissions reductions.

As described above, the District evaluated a range of potentially available measures for inclusion in its 2007 Ozone Plan and committed to adopt those it found to be reasonably available for implementation in the South Coast nonattainment area. The process and the criteria the District used to select certain measures and reject others were consistent with EPA‘s RACM guidance. The evaluatio n processes undertaken by SCAG and the State were also consistent with EPA‘s RACM guidance. See e.g., General Preamble at 13560 and Seitz memo.

Based on our review of these RACM analyses and the District‘s and California‘s adopted rules, as well as their commitments to adopt and implement additional control measures, we propose to find that there are, at this time, no additional reasonably available control measures (including reasonably available control technology) that would advance attainment of the 1 997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast. Therefore, we propose to find that the South Coast 2007 AQMP, together with the 2007 State Strategy, provide for the implementation of all RACM as required by CAA section 172(c)(1).

W e propose to approve the S CAQMD‘s commitments to achieve specific aggregate reductions of NO x and VOC emissions by specific years as given in Table 4

- 2A of the 2007TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 94 AQMP, as revised by Tables 2 and 3 of the 2007 Progress Report, Appendix F, and as shown in Table 2 above.

We propo se to approve CARB's commitments to propose certain defined measures, as given in Table B

- 1 in Appendix B of the 2011 Progress Report, and Appendix B, Table B

- 1 in the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision. We also propose to approve CARB‘s commitment to achieve the
tot al aggregate emissions reductions necessary to demonstrate RFP and to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast nonattainment area, as given in 2009 State Strategy Status Report, p. 20 and CARB Resolution 07

- 28, Attachment B, p. 4, and shown in Table 6 above. See CARB Resolution 07

- 28 (September 27, 2007), Appendix B, p. 4.

Finally, we are proposing to approve CARB‘s and the District‘s long

- term strategy commitments in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan under the new technology provisio ns of CAA section 182(e)(5). This proposal is based on our proposed findings that these commitments satisfy the two criteria in CAA section 182(e)(5)(A) and (B). First, the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan does not rely on any of these new technology red uctions to demonstration RFP in any milestone year between 2008 and 2020. CARB has committed to achieve 241 tpd of NOx and 40 tpd of VOC reductions through new technology measures approved under section 182(e)(5) only in the attainment year (2023). We note that the amount and relative proportion of reductions from measures scheduled for long

- term adoption under 182(e)(5), as compared to measures already adopted in regulatory form or scheduled for near

term adoption, should clearly decrease in any future SIP update, and that EPA will not approve a SIP revision that contains an increase in the amount or relative proportion of 182(e)(5) new technology measures without a convincing showing in a SIP revision that the technologies relied upon in the near

- term rule s have been found to be technologically infeasible or ineffective in achieving emissions reductions in the near

- term.

CARB has submitted an enforceable commitment to submit adopted contingency measures to EPA by 2020 as required by CAA 182(e)(5) . See CA RB Resolution 11

- 22, July 21, 2011. These contingency measures must be adequate to produce emissions reductions sufficient, in conjunction with other approved plan provisions, to achieve the periodic emissions reductions required by CAA section 182(b)(1) o r (c)(2) and attainment by the applicable attainment date. See CAA 182(e)(5). Following the State‘s submittal of these contingency measures, EPA will approve or disapprove the provisions in accordance with CAA section 110.

Based on the above discussion an d evaluations, we propose to determine that the long

term strategy for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone SIP satisfies the requirements of CAA 182(e)(5).TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 95 

### D

. Attainment Demonstration

1. Requirements for Attainment Demonstrations

CAA section 182(c) (2)(A) re quires states with ozone nonattainment areas classified as serious or above to submit plans that demonstrate attainment of the applicable standard as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the applicable attainment date. Under the 8

- hour ozone imp lementation rule, this demonstration is due within three years of the area‘s designation and should include :

(1) t echnical analyses that locate, identify, and quantify sources of emissions that are contributing to violations of the 8

- hour ozone NAAQS with in the nonattainment area ; (2) adopted measures with schedules for implementation and other means and techniques necessary and appropriate for attainment ; and (3) contingency measures required under section 172(c)(9) of the CAA.

See 72 FR 71612, at 7161 5.

The requirements for parts 1 and 2 are described in the emissions inventory, air quality modeling, RACM and control strategy sections of this TSD. Requirements for part 3 are described in the contingency measures section of this TSD. In this sectio n, we evaluate how these parts taken together provide for attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAAQS in the South Coast as expeditiously as practicable but no later than the attainment date required by the CAA.

2. Attainment Demonstration in the South Coa st 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

The attainment demonstration in the South Coast 2007 AQMP is in Chapter 5, ―Future Air Quality,‖ with additional technical information in Appendix V of the AQMP. It is summarized in Table D

- 1 below. Table D

- 2 shows the contribu tion by the District and CARB to the control strategy as given in the South Coast 2007 AQMP as submitted in November 2007 and revised in 2009 and 2011.

Since adoption and submittal of the 2007 State Strategy and the South Coast 2007 AQMP, both CARB and th e District have adopted most of the measures that they committed to adopt in their plans, and most have been approved, proposed for approval, or granted a CAA section 209 waiver by EPA. See Tables D

- 4 and C

- 2 . In the 2011 Progress Report and 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, CARB and the District have updated the emissions reductions expected from their adopted measures and resulting from changes to the inventory and t he economic recession. Table D

- 3 shows the impact of these updates on the attainment demonstrati on, and Table s D

- 4 and D

- 5 show the effect of these updates and EPA‘s proposed and final approvals on the level of commitments remaining in the attainment demonstration.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 96 Table D

- 1 

### Summary of the Attainment Demonstration

, South Coast 2007 AQMP, as Submit ted in November 2007 (ton s per summer day in 2023 )

NO x VOC

A 2006 baseline emissions level 972 732

B 2023 a ttainment target level 114 420

C T otal reductions needed from 2006 b aseline levels to attain in 2023 (A

– B) 858 312

D 2023 baseline emissions level 505 533

Reductions from baseline measures (A

- D) 467 199
% of reductions needed for attainment from baseline

measures 54% 64%

Reductions needed f

rom control strategy measures (D

- B ) 391 113

% of reductions needed for attainment from co ntrol strategy measures 46% 36%

Table D

- 2 

### Summary of Control Strategy Reductions by Agency South Coast 2007 AQMP as Submitted November 2007 (to ns per average annual day in 2023)

NO x VOC

Total reductions needed from baseline and control strateg y measures to attain 858 312
Total reductions from control strategy

measures /commitments (CARB+SC) 141+9 54+19

Reductions from long

- term measures 241 40

District commitments 9 19 Percent of total control strategy reductions from District commitme nts 1% 6%TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 97 State commitments 141 54 Percent of total control strategy reductions from State commitments 16% 17%

Table D

- 3 

### Summary of the Attainment Demonstration Updated July 2011 with Additional Adjustments (ton s per average annual day in 20 23 )

NO x VOC

A 2002 baseline emissions level a 1024 881

B 2023 a ttainment target level 114 420

C T otal reductions needed from 2002 b aseline levels to attain in 2023 (A

– B) 910 461

D Unadjusted 2023 baseline emissions level 505 534

E Adju stment to 2023 baseline emissions level 12 5

F Adjusted 2023 baseline emissions level (D

– E) 493 529

Reductions from baseline measures (A

- F ) 531 352
Percent of reductions needed for attainment from baseline measures 58% 76%

Reductions needed from control strategy measures (B

– F) 379 109

Percent of reductions needed for attainment from control strategy measures 42% 24%

a CARB changed the base year for the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision to 2002

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 98 Table D

- 4 

### Summary of the Attainment Remaining as Commitments based on Approved Measures using Updated Emissions Reductions Estimates

(tons per average annual day in 2023)

NO x VOC

A Total reductions needed from baseline and control strategy measures to attain 910 461

B Reductions from baseline mea sures 531 352

C Total reductions from approved /proposed for approval measures 122.4 31.3

Long

- term control measures 241 40

D Total reductions remaining as commitments (A

- B

C) 15.8 37

Percent of total reductions needed remaining as commitments a 2% 8%

E Total District commitments 9.2 19.2

F Total reductions from approved/proposed for approval District measures 7.7 15.3

G Total reductions remaining as District commitments 1.5 3.9 Percent of District‘s commitments remaining as commitments <<1% <1%TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 99 Table D

- 5 

### Summary of Reductions Needed for South Coast‘s 8

- hour Ozone Attainment

Demonstration

, Updated July 2011 (ton s per summer planning day in 2023 )

NO x VOC

A 2002 base year emissions level 1024 881

B 2023 a ttainment targ et level 114 420

C Total reductions needed from 2002 b aseline levels to attain in 2023 (A

– B) 910 461

D Reductions from adopted measures, July 2011 Ozone SIP revision 531 352

E New State commitments 141 54

F New local/AQMD measures 9 19

G Long ter m measures (182(e)(5)) 241 40

G Total from adopted and long

- term measures (from Table D

- 8

– includes District reductions) 122.4 31.3

H Reductions from commitments 15.8 37

I Percent of reductions needed for attainment from commitments 2% 8%

3

. Enfo rceable Commitments in the Attainment Demonstration

a . Requirements for Control Strategies and Enforceable Commitments

CAA section 172(c)(6) requires nonattainment plans to ―include enforceable emission limitations, and such other control measures, means or techniques (including economic incentives such as fees, marketable permits, and auctions of emission rights), as well as schedules and timetables for compliance, as may be necessary or appropriate to provide for attainment of such standard in such area by the applicable attainment date....‖ See also CAA section 110(a)(2)(A). The 8

- hour ozone implementation rule requires that all control measures needed for attainment be implemented no later than the beginning of the attainment year ozone season. 40 CFR § 51.908(d). the attainment year ozone season is defined as the ozone season immediately preceding a nonattainment area‘s applicable attainment date. 40 CFR § 51.900(g).

In most instances, a nonattainment plan should include the adopted measures it relies on to demonstrate attainment and RFP and/ or meet other CAA requirement or should identify the adopted measures it relies on that are already SIP approved, federally promulgated, or otherwiseTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 100 SIP creditable

. EPA, however, recognizes that circumstances exis t that warrant the initial use of enforceable state commitments in place of these adopted measures. We believe that the CAA allows approval of such enforceable commitments as elements of a CAA control strategy requirement where they are limited in scope. The language in CAA sections 110(a)(2)(A) and 172(c)(6) cited above is quite broad, allowing a SIP to contain any ―means or techniques‖ that EPA determines are ―necessary or appropriate‖ to meet CAA requirements, such that the area will attain as expeditio usly as practicable, but no later than the applicable attainment date. Furthermore, the express allowance for ―schedules and timetables‖ demonstrates that Congress understood that all required controls might not have to be in place before a SIP could be f ully approved.

Commitments approved by EPA under CAA section 110(k)(3) are enforceable by EPA and citizens under, respectively, CAA sections 113 and 304. In the past, EPA has approved enforceable commitments and courts have enforced actions against state s that failed to comply with them

. See, e.g., American Lung Ass'n of N.J. v. Kean , 670 F. Supp. 1285 (D.N.J. 1987), aff'd, 871 F.2d 319 (3rd Cir. 1989); NRDC, Inc. v. N.Y. State Dept. of Env. Cons. , 668 F. Supp. 848 (S.D.N.Y. 1987); Citizens for a Better E nv't v. Deukmejian , 731 F. Supp. 1448, recon. granted in par, 746 F. Supp. 976 (N.D. Cal. 1990); Coalition for Clean Air v. South Coast Air Quality Mgt. Dist. , No. CV 97

- 6916

- HLH, (C.D. Cal. Aug. 27, 1999). Further, if a state fails to meet its commitment s, EPA could make a finding of failure to implement the SIP under CAA section 179 (a)(4), which starts an 18

- month period for the state to correct the non

implementation before mandatory sanctions are imposed.

Once EPA determines that circumstances warrant the use of an enforceable commitment, EPA considers three factors in determining whether to approve the enforceable commitment: (a) does the commitment address a limited portion of the statutorily

- required program; (b) is the
state capable of fulfilling i ts commitment; and (c) is the commitment for a reasonable and appropriate period of time. 88

b. Enforceable Commitments in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

As stated and shown in Table D

- 6 below

, reductions in the projected baseline inventory resultin g from the economic recession, changes to activity estimates and emission factors, and measures already adopted by the District and State (both prior to and pursuant to th e South Coast 2007 AQMP) and approved or proposed for approval by EPA provide the gr eat majority of emission reductions needed to demonstrate attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast nonattainment area . The balance of the needed reductions is in the form of enforceable commitments by CARB and the District.

We beli eve that, with respect to the South Coast 2007 AQMP and revised 2007 State Strategy, circumstances warrant the consideration of enforceable commitments as part of the attainment demonstration for the South Coast nonattainment area . As shown in Table D

- 1 a nd

88 The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circ uit upheld EPA's interpretation of CAA sections 110(a)(2)(A) and 172(c)(6) and the Agency's use and application of the three factor test in approving enforceable commitments in the Houston

- Galveston ozone SIP. BCCA Appeal Group et al. v. EPA et al. , 355 F .3d 817 (5th Cir. 2003).TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 101 D

- 3 above, the majority of emissions reductions needed to demonstrate attainment and RFP in the South Coast nonattainment area come from rules and regulations that were adopted prior to 2007, i.e., they come from the baseline measures . As a result of th ese State and District efforts, most sources in the South Coast nonattainment area were already subject to stringent rules prior to the State Strategy‘s and the South Coast 2007 AQMP‘s development, leaving fewer and more technologically challenging opportu nities to reduce emissions in the nonatt a inment area. In the South Coast 2007 AQMP and the 2007 State Strategy, the District and CARB identified potential control measures that could achieve the additional emission reductions needed for attainment. See Sou th Coast 2007 AQMP, Chapter 4, and 2007 State Strategy, Chapter 5. However, the timeline needed to develop, adopt, and implement these measu res went well beyond the November 200 7 89 deadline to submit the 8

- hour ozone attainment plan. As discussed above, the District and State have made progress meeting their commitments but have not completely filled them. G iven these circumstances, we consider the District‘s and CARB‘s reliance in the South Coast 2007 AQMP and 2007 State Strategy on enforceable commitments to be warranted. Having concluded that the use of enforceable commitments is warranted, w e now consider the three factors EPA uses to determine whether the use of enforceable commitments in lieu of adopted measures to meet a CAA plan ning requirements is a pprovable: (a) does the commitment address a limited portion of the statutorily

- required program; (b) is the state capable of fulfilling its commitment; and (c) is the commitment for a reasonable and appropriate period of time

.

89 The 2007 State Strategy was developed to address both the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAAQS and the 1997 PM 2.5 NAAQS. The 8

- hour ozone SIPs were due in November 2007, and the development and adoption of the State Strategy was timed to coo rdinate with this submittal date. 2007 State Strategy, p. 1.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 102 Table D

- 6 

### Reduc tions Needed for Attai nment Remaining as Commitments B ased on Approved Measures Using Updated Emissions Reductions Estimates

(tons per summer day in 2023)

NO x VOC

A Total reductions needed from baseline and control strategy measures to attain 910 461

B Reductions from baseline measures 531 352

C Total reductions needed from new measures

, commitments 141 (CARB) +9 (SC) = 150 54 (CARB)+19 (SC)

= 73

D Total reductions needed from new technology

measures , 241 40

E

F Total reductions from approved/ proposed for approval/waived measures and adjustments to baseline 122.4 (includes 7.7 from SC and 114.7 from CARB) 31 (includes 15.3 tpd

SC and 15.9 tpd CARB)
Total reductions remaining as commitments (A

B

- C) a 15.8 37

% of total reductions needed remai ning as commitments a , b 2% 8%

Total District commitments 9.2 19.3 Total reductions from approved/proposed for approval District measures 7.7 15.3
Total reductions remaining as District commitments 1.5 3.9

Percent of District‘s commitments remaini ng as commitments compared to overall reductions needed <1% <1%

a Includes local reductions. (see 2011 Ozone SIP Revision).TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 103 Table D

- 7 

### Reductions Needed for Attai nment Remaining as Commitments B ased on SIP

Creditable Measures (ton s per average a nnual day in 2023 )
NO x VOC

Total CARB commitments 141 54
Reductions from approved/proposed for approval/waived measures and adjustments to baseline 114.7 15.9

Changes to 2023 baseline from EI improvements 12 5

Total reductions remaining as CARB c ommitments 14.3 33.1
% of CARB commitments r emaining as commitments compared to overall reductions needed 1.6% 7.2%

i. The C ommitments are a Limited Portion of Required Reductions

For the first factor, we look to see if the commitment addresses a lim ited portion of a statutory requirement, such as the amount of emissions reductions needed for attainment in a nonattainment area.

As shown in Table D

- 6 , the remaining portion of the enforceable commitments after accounting for approved and proposed for approval measures, as well as adjustments to the baseline that resulted from the recent economic recession are 16 tpd NOx and 37 tpd VOC

. When compared to the total reductions needed by 2023 for 8

- hour ozone attainment in the South Coast nonattainment are a on a per

- pollutant basis , the remaining portion of the enforceable commi tments represents approximately 2 percent of the NOx reductions and 8 percent of the VOC reductions needed to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast

.

We believe that the reductions remaining as enf orceable commitments in the South Coast 2007 AQMP and updated 2007 State Strategy represent a limited portion of the total emissions reductions needed to meet the statutory requi rement for attainment in the South Coast and therefore satisfy the first factor. The level of reductions remaining as commitments is approximately within the 10 percent range or less that EPA has h is torically accepted in approving attainment demonstrations. 90

90 See , for example, our approval of the SJV PM 10 Plan at 69 FR 30005 (May 26, 2004), the SJV 1

- hour ozone plan at 75 FR 10420 (March 8, 2010), and the Houston

- Galveston 1

- hour ozone plan at 66 FR 57160 (November 14, 2001).TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 104 ii. The State is Capable of Fulfil ling Its Commitment

For the second factor, we consider whether the State and District are capable of fulfilling their commitments.

As discussed above, CARB has adopted and submitted a 2009 State Strategy Status Report and a 2011 Ozone SIP Revision which update and revise the 2007 State Strategy. These SIP revisions show that CARB has made significant progress in meeting its enforceable commitments for the South Coast and several other nonattainment areas in California. Additional ongoing programs that a ddresses locomotives and revisions to the SmogCheck program have yet to be quantified but are expected to reduce NOx and VOC emissions in the South Coast by 2023. See CARB 2011 Progress Report Supplement, Attachment 5. The 2009 State Strategy Status Report includes a table with estimates of the reductions that may fulfill the CARB‘s full commitment. See 2009 State Strategy Status Report, p. 17.

The District has also made good progress in meeting its enforceable commitments. The District‘s continued efforts in committing to and adopting measures for sources under its jurisdiction will help the District fully meet its commitments. The District has also already adopted rules that are projected to achieve NOx reductions of 9.2 tpd in 2023. See Table C

- 2 above. The District is continuing to work to identify and adopt additional control measures to reduce emissions.

Beyond the rules discussed above, both CARB and the District have well

- funded incentive grant programs to reduce emissions from the on

- and off

- road engine fleets. Reductions from several of these programs have yet to be quantified and/or credited in the attainment demonstration.

Given the evidence of the State's and District‘s efforts to date and their continuing efforts to reduce emissions, we bel ieve that the State and District are capable of meeting their enforceable commitments to reduce emissions of NOx and VOC to the levels needed to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast nonattainment area by 2023

.

iii. The Commitment is f or a Reasonable and Appropriate Timeframe

F or the third and last factor, we consider whether the commitment is for a reasonable and appropriate period of time.

In or der to meet the commitments to reduc e emiss ions to the levels needed to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast by 2023

, the South Coast 2007 AQMP and 2007 State Strategy as revised include ambitious rule development, adoption, and implementation schedule s, which both the District and CARB have substantially met . EPA consider s these schedule s to provide sufficient time to achieve the c ommitted reductions by 2023 as needed to attain by the proposed attainment date of June 15, 2024. See Tables D

- 3 and D

- 5 above

. W e therefore conclude that the third factor is satisfied.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 105 4

. Eva luation and Conclusion

a. Baseline and Control Strategy Measures

As shown in Table D

- 9

, the majority of the emission reductions needed to d emonstrate attainment come from baseline measures. These reductions come from a combination of District and State measures as well as adjust m e n ts to t he baseli n e that ref lect revisions to the economic forecasts that underlie the 2007 AQMP‘s estimate of future emissions levels

. 91

In the past two decades, the District has adopted or revised about 80 prohibitory rules that limit emissions of NOx, VOC, particulate matter and/or SOx including most of the rule

a doptions/revisions it committed to as part of the South Coast 2007 AQMP. See Appendix B and Table s C

- 1 and C

- 2 . These rules include controls for boilers, fugitive dust sources, internal combustion engines, wood burning, and open burning. The great majority of these District rules and rule revisions are currently SIP approved and as such their emissions reductions are fully creditable in attainment and RFP demonstr ations and for meeting other CAA requirements, such as contingency measures.

b. Enf orceable Commitments in the Attainment Demonstration in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

EPA believe s circumstances warrant the consideration of enforceable commitmen ts as part of the attainment demonstration in the South Coast 2007 AQMP and updated 2007 State Strategy

. As stated a bove , measures already adopted by the District and State and approved or proposed for approval pursuant to CAA section 110(k) or waived purs uant to CAA section 209 by EPA provide the great majority of emission s reductions needed to demonstrate attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Co ast by 2024 . We have found that the reductions that remain as enforceable commitments repres ent a l imited portion of the overall reductions needed for attainment. We have also found that the State and District are capable of fulfilling their remaining commitment s and that the commitment s are for a time period that is both reasonable and appropria te to assure that the remaining reductions are in place prior to the attainment date of June 15, 2024 . As a result of our findings here, EPA is proposing to accept enforceable commitments as part of California ‘s strategy to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone NAA QS in the South Coast.

c. Proposed Action on Enforceable Commitments in the Attainment Demonstration to Reduce Emissions and Adopt Specific Measures

W e propos e to approve the D istrict ‘s commitments to adopt and implement specific control measures on the s chedule identified in Table 7

- 3 (as amended March 4, 2011 and reflected in Tables 2 and 3 of Appendix F of the 2011 Progress Report ) in the South Coast 2007 AQMP , to the extent that these commitments have not yet been fulfilled, and to achieve specific

91 Reductions in the baseline also come from f ederal measures. These federal measures include EPA‘s national emission standards for heavy duty diesel trucks ( 66 FR 5001 (January 18, 2001)) , certain new construction and fa rm equipment ( Tier 2 and 3 non

- road engines standards, 63 FR 56968 (October, 23, 1998) and Tier 4 diesel non

- road engine standards, 69 FR 38958 (June 29, 2004)), and locomotives ( 63 FR 18978 (May 16, 1998) and 73 FR 37045 (June 30, 2008)). States are allo wed to rely on reductions from federal measures in attainment and RFP demonstrations and for other SIP purposes.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 106 agg regate emissions reductions of NO x and VOC by as given in Table s 2 and 3 of Appendix F of the 2011 Progress Report

. We are also proposing to approve CARB's commitments to propose certain defined measures, as given in Table B

- 1 in the 2011 Progress Report, Appendix B and to achieve the total aggregate emission s reductions necessary to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast nonattainment area , whether th ese reductions are realized from the new measures, alternative control measures, incenti ve programs, or other actual emissions decreases in the area

. See CARB Resolution 07

- 28 (September 27, 2007), A ttachment B , p. 4

. This commitment is estimated to be agg regate emissions reductions of 141 tpd NO x and 54 tpd of VOC in the South Coast nonatta inment area by 2023 as given on page 20 of the 2009 State Strategy Status Report

. 4. Overall Evaluation and Conclusion on the Attainment Demonstration

In order to approve a SIP‘s attainment demonstration, EPA must make several findings and approve the S tate‘ s requested attainment date.

First, we must find that the dem onstration‘s technical bases

- emissions invento ries and air quality modeling

- are adequate. As discussed above in section s II.A. and II. B ., we are proposing to find that the emissions inv entories and the air quality modeling on which the South Coast 2007 AQMP‘s attainment demonstration is based meet applicable EPA regulations and guidance and are an acceptable basis for the demonstration

. Second, we must find that the SIP provides for exp editious attainment through the imp lementation of all RACM on ozone precursor emissions of VOC and NOx

. As discussed above in section II.B ., we are proposing to approve the RACM demonstration in the South Coast 2007 AQMP .

Third, EPA must find that the e missions reductions that are relied on for attainment are creditable. As discussed in this section

, the South Coast 2007 AQMP relies principally on adopted and approved/waived rules to achieve the emissions reductions needed to attain the 1997 8

- hour ozon e standard in the South Coast by June 1 5, 2024 . The balance of the reductions is currently in the form of enforceable commitments that account for 2 percent of the NOx and 8 percent of the VOC emissions reductions needed from 2002 levels for attainment. Se e Table C

- 9

. EPA has previously accepted enforceable commitments in lieu of adopted control

measure s in attainment demonstrations when the circumstances warrant it and the commitments meet three criteria. As discussed above in section II.D .3

, w e believe that circumstances here warrant the considerat ion of enforceable commitments and tha t the three criteria are met: 1) the commitments constitute a limited portion of the required emissions reductions

, 2 ) both the State and the District have demonstrated th eir capability to meet their commitments

, and 3) the commitment are for an appropriate timeframe. Based on these conclusions, we are proposing to allow the State to rely on these limited enforceable commitments in its attainment demonstration.

For the for egoing reasons, we are proposing to approve the attainment demonstration in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 107 

### E . Reasonable Further Progress Demonstrations

1. Requirements for Reasonable Further Progress Demonstrations

CAA Section 172(c)(2) requ ires that plans for nonattainment areas shall provide for reasonable further progress (RFP). RFP is defined in section 171(1) as ―such annual incremental reductions in emissions of the relevant air pollutant as are required by [Part D

– Plan Requirements for Nonattainment Areas] or may reasonably be required by the Administrator for the purpose of ensuring attainment of the applicable [NAAQS] by the applicable date.‖

CAA Section 182(b)(1) specifically requires that ozone nonattainment areas which are clas sified as moderate or above demonstrate a 15% reduction in ozone precursor emissions between the years of 1990 and 1996.

For ozone nonattainment areas classified as serious or higher, CAA Section 182(c)(2)(B) also requires a 3% per year reduction until a ttainment of ozone precursor emissions in addition to the 15% reduction required under CAA 182(b)(1).

CAA Section 182(b)(1)(D) prohibits the state from including emissions reductions from
pre

- 1990 federal motor vehicle programs when demonstrating RFP. In other words, the reductions from these programs are not creditable when demonstrating RFP. There are some other specific emissions reductions that are not creditable under this section of the Act, but those restrictions are of a historic nature and are not applicable to this action.

The ozone implementation rule ( 40 CFR § 51. 910 ( d) and 70 FR 71612) establishes requirements for RFP that depend on the area‘s classification as well as whether the area has an approved 15 percent reduction plan for the 1

- hour ozone standard that covers all of the 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area. Here, we will only describe the requirements applicable to the South Coast ozone nonattainment area which is classified as extreme and has a fully

- approved 182(b)(1) plan for the one

- h our ozone NAAQS that covers the current 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area (see 62 FR 1150, January 8, 1997 page 1181).

For the South Coast nonattainment area, the ozone implementation rule requires an RFP plan providing for an average of 3 percent per year of VOC and/or NO x emissions reductions for (1) the 6

- year period beginning January 1 of the year following the year used for the b aseline emissions inventory; and (2) all remaining 3

- year periods af ter the first 6

- year period out to the area's attainment d ate. Except as specifically provided in section 182(b)(1)(C) of the Act, all SIP

approved or federally promulgated emissions reductions that occur after the baseline emissions inventory year are creditable for purposes of the RFP requirements, provided the reductions meet the requirements for creditability, including the need to be enforceable, permanent, quantifiable and surplus, as described for purposes of State economic incentive programs in the requirements of 40 CFR § 51.493

. The implementation rule also sets the base year for RFP calculations as 2002

. 92

92 States have the option of using an alternative base year by providing a rationale why it is appropriate to use the alternative baseline year rather than 2002 to comply with the CAA‘s RFP provisions. 40 CFR 51.910(d).TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 108 The RFP demonstration must calculate and exclude the non

- creditable reductions described in CAA 182(b)(1)(D). The method for calculating the target emissions levels is found in Appendix A to the preamb le of the ozone implementation rule (70 FR 71612 at 71696). This method adjusts the baseline target emission levels for VOC and NOx by removing the benefits of the non

- creditable programs.

2. RFP Demonstration in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

T he RFP demonstration is in Appendix A

- 2 of the State Implementation Plan Revision submitted by ARB on (some date in 2011).

Table E

- 1 provides the updated RFP demonstration from the 2011 Progress Report (ozone season tons per day)

.

Table E

- 1 Updated RFP D emonstration from the 2011 Progress Report (ozone season tons per day)

Year 2002 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023 Line ROG A Baseline 880.5 632.0 579.9 535.2 519.8 513.9 513.4

B MVCP/RVP Adjustment 0.0 56.1 73.0 86.6 93.7 98.3 101.6

C RACT Correction 0. 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

D Baseline ROG in milestone year 880.5 824.4 807.5 793.9 786.8 782.2 778.9

E RFP commitment for ROG reductions from new measures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

F Future Year ROG with existing and proposed measures 632.0 579.9 53 5.2 519.8 513.9 513.4

G Required Percent change since previous milestone year compared to 2002 18% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%

H Required percent change since 2002 18% 27% 36% 45% 54% 63%

I Target level 676.0 599.8 533.4 479.0 431.7 389.8 J Apparent shortfall

- 44.0

- 19.9 1.7 40.8 82.2 123.6

K Apparent shortfall in ROG, percent - 5.3%

- 2.5% 0.2% 5.2% 10.5% 15.9%

L Shortfall previous provided by substitution 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 5.2% 10.5%

M Actual shortfall, percent - 5.3%

- 2.5% 0.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4%TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 109 Line N Baseline 1024.1 728.3 591.2 532.1 478.8 428.2 378.4

O MVCP/RVP Adjustment 0 64.7 80.6 93.0 98.3 102.4 105.9

P Adjusted NOx Baseline in milestone year 1024.1 959.4 943.5 931.1 925.8 921.7 918.2

Q RFP commitment for reductions from new

measures 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

R Change in NOx since 2002 231.1 352.3 399.0 447.0 493.5 539.8

S Change in NOx since 2002 percent 24.1% 37.3% 42.8% 48.3% 53.5% 58.8%

T NOx Reductions since 2002 already used for RFP substitution and contingen cy through last milestone, percent 0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.2% 8.2% 13.5%

U NOx Reductions since 2002 available for RFP substitution and contingency in milestone year, percentage 24.1% 34.3% 39.8% 45.1% 45.4% 45.3%

V Change in NOx since 2002 used for ROG subst itution in this milestone year, percent 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4%

W Change in NOx since 2002 available for contingency in this milestone year, percentage 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0%

X Change since 2002 surplus after meeting substitution and

con tingency in this milestone year, percentage 21.1% 34.3% 39.6% 40.1% 40.0% 39.9%

RFP met? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes YesTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 110 3

. Evaluation and Conclusion

Th e i n f o r m a t i on provided by C ARB ( r e p r o d u c ed in Table E

- 1) follows C A R B ‘ s standard format and is consistent with the requirement s of the CAA a nd relevant E P A regulations and guidance

, as described in section 1 of this chapter.

EPA has modified ARB‘s table to make the calculations easier to follow. EPA has also changed the term ROG for Reactive Organic Gasses to Volatile Organic C ompounds (VOC) to be consistent with federal terminology. These two terms refer to the same chemical species. This table also makes it clear that the pre

- 1990 motor vehicle control non

- creditable reductions get smaller over time. The C ARB table implies the opposite. The modified table is below and is followed by a description of the important components.

Table E

- 2 provides EPA‘s analysis of California‘s RFP demonstration for the South Coast 8

- hour ozone nonattainment area.



### Table E

- 2. EPA’s A nalysis of C alifornia’s RFP d emonstration for the South

Coast (ozone season tons per day)
Year 2002 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023 Line ROG A Baseline VOC 880.5 632.0 579.9 535.2 519.8 513.9 513.4

B MVCP/RVP Adjustment 0.0 56.1 16.9 13.6 7.1 4.6 3.3

C Adjusted bas eline 824.4 807.5 793.9 786.8 782.2 778.9

D Basis for reductions 824.4 659.1 586.2 526.3 474.4 428.4

E Required Percent change since previous milestone year 18% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%

F Target VOC level 676.0 599.8 533.4 479.0 431.7 389.8

G Apparent sh ortfall - 44.0

- 19.9 1.8 40.8 82.2 123.6

H Apparent shortfall in VOC, percent - 5.3%

- 2.5% 0.2% 5.2% 10.5% 15.9%

I Shortfall previous provided by substitution 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 5.2% 10.5%

J Actual shortfall, percent 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4%

Line NOxTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 111 K NOx Baseline 1024.1 728.3 591.2 532.1 478.8 428.2 378.4 L MVCP 0 64.7 15.9 12.4 5.3 4.1 3.5

M Adjusted NOx Baseline in milestone year 1024.1 959.4 943.5 931.1 925.8 921.7 918.2

N Change in NOx since 2002 231.1 352.3 399.0 447.0 493.5 539.8

O Change in NOx since 2002 percent 24.1% 37.3% 42.8% 48.3% 53.5% 58.8%

P NOx Reductions since 2002 already used for RFP substitution and contingency through last milestone, percent 0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.2% 8.2% 13.5%

Q NOx Reductions sinc e 2002 available for RFP substitution and contingency in milestone year, percentage 24.1% 34.3% 39.8% 45.1% 45.4% 45.3%

R Change in NOx since 2002 used for ROG substitution in this milestone year, percent 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 5.0% 5.3% 5.4%

S Change since 2 002 surplus after meeting substitution and contingency in this milestone year, percentage 24.1% 34.3% 39.5% 40.1% 40.0% 39.9%

RFP met? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Contingency met? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

The table begins with 2002 as the milestone ye ar. This is appropriate and consistent with the requirements of the ozone implementation rule. The table starts with a 6

- year 18% reduction requirement and then adds 3% per year evaluated with milestones every three years. This results in a 9% reduction re quired from milestone to milestone after the initi al 6

- year reduction. Table E

- 3 bel ow describes the rows in Table E

- 2.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 112 

### Table E

- 3: Description of the Rows in the RFP Demonstration Calculation

A Baseline VOC T he total ozone season daily VOC emissions in the South Coast nonattainment area. It includes benefits from control measures that were in place prior to the submittal of the 2007 air quality management plan (AQMP) . It does not include emission reductions from state o r district measures in the 2007 AQM P that are required for the attainment demonstration.

B MVCP/RVP Adjustment The pre

- 1990 motor vehicle control program must be excluded from consideration when demonstrating RFP. These numbers are calculated using the on

- road emissions model according to a method described in Appendix A of the preamble to the ozone implementation rule (70 FR 71696).

C Adjusted baseline The baseline emissions with the non

- creditable reductions removed. This number serves as the basis for calculating the target emission rat e in 2008. In subsequent years, it is used to in the calculation of the percentage reduction shortfall.

D Basis for reductions This number is reduced by the required percentage to calculate the target emission rate. In the first milestone year, 2008, it is the same as the adjusted baseline. In subsequent milestone years it is equal to the previous milestone year‘s target VOC level minus that milestone year‘s non

- creditable MVCP/RVP adjustment.

E Required Percent change since previous milestone
year Sel f explanatory.

F Target VOC level The basis for reductions reduced by the appropriate percentage. For example, in 2008 it is the 2008 basis for reductions (824.4 tons per day) reduced by 18%.

G Apparent shortfall The target VOC level minus the baseline V OC. In the 2008 and 2011 milestone years, the baseline VOC was lower than the target level. So, there is no shortfall in these
years.

H Apparent shortfall in VOC, percent The percentage shortfall calculated by dividing the apparent shortfall by the adjus ted baseline for that milestone year.

I Shortfall previous provided by substitution This is the shortfall addressed by NOx substitution in previous milestone years. For example, in 2017, 0.2% of the VOC shortfall was eliminated by NOx substitution. This must be accounted for in subsequent years to preventTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 113 double

- counting.

J Actual shortfall, percent This is the percentage shortfall of VOC less the shortfall previously addressed by NOx substitution. This is the shortfall that must be addressed by NOx in the current milestone year in order to demonstrate RFP.

K NOx Baseline The total ozone season daily NOx emissions in the South Coast nonattainment area. It includes benefits from control measures that were in place prior to the submittal of the 2007 A QMP. It does not include emissions reductions from state or district measures in the 2007 AQMP that are required for the attainment demonstration.

L MVCP The pre

- 1990 motor vehicle control program controls for

on

- road vehicles that must be excluded from c onsideration when demonstrating RFP. These numbers are calculated using the on

- road emissions model according to a method described in Appendix A of the preamble to the ozone implementation rule.

M Adjusted NOx Baseline in milestone year This is the basel ine emissions with the non

- creditable reductions removed. This number serves as the basis for calculating percentage reductions since 2002.

N Change in NOx since 2002 This number is based on the adjusted baseline so that the

non

- creditable reductions are excluded.

O Change in NOx since 2002 percent This is the percentage change calculated as the change since 2002 divided by the adjusted NOx baseline.

P NOx Reductions since 2002 already used for RFP substitution and contingency through last milestone, p ercent ARB reserves 3% (one year of RFP) for contingency. This first appears in this row of the table in the 2011 milestone year. No contingency is needed for 2008, since they had already demonstrated compliance with the 2008 milestone when they submitted this analysis in 2011. ARB reserves this 3% so it will be available for contingency purposes later in the plan. This row also includes NOx percentages previously used for VOC substitution. It is zero in 2008 because there is no VOC shortfall to address and there is no need for contingency either. In 2017, this number rises to 3.2% to address the 0.2% of NOx reductions used to show RFP in the 2014 milestone year as well as the 3% reserved for contingency.

Q NOx Reductions since 2002 available for RFP substi tution and contingency in milestone year, percentage If a NOx reduction has been used for substitution or reserved for contingency, it is not available for substitution. This number is the raw percentage reduction minus the NOx reductions already consumed as reflected in the row immediately above.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 114 R Change in NOx since 2002 used for ROG substitution in this milestone year, percent Self explanatory.

S Change since 2002 surplus after meeting substitution and contingency in this milestone year, percentage This is the surplus NOx reduction available this milestone year once the contingency reservation and all substitutions are subtracted out. If this number is greater than zero, RFP and c ontingency requirements have been met for this milestone year.

The revised RF P demonstration provided in Appendix A

- 2 of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision submitted by ARB on July 29 , 2011 conforms to the r equirements of the CAA and EPA guidance. CARB has correctly calculated the RFP target levels for the appropriate years fol lowing the method provided in the ozone implementation rule and preamble. As shown in Table E

- 2, the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP provides for RFP in each milestone year, consistent with applicable CAA requirements and EPA guidance. The calculations demonstrate that the South Coast nonattainment area has sufficient emissions reductions i n each milestone year to show RFP as required by CA A se ct ions 172(c)(2) and 182(b)(1)

. We therefore propose to approve the RFP demonstration in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP under sections 182(b)(1) and 182(c)(2) of the CAA.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 115 

### F

. Transportation Control Strategies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP and Attainment

1. Requirements for Transportation Control Strategies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP and Attainment

CAA Section 182(d)(1)(A) requires that areas classified as severe or extreme submit transportation control strategies (TCS) and measures (TCMs) sufficient to offset any growth in emissions from growth in VMT or the number of vehicle trips, and to provide (along with other measures) the reductions needed to meet a pplicable RFP requirements. CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) also requires that s tates choose and implement such measures as are specified in section 108(f), to the extent needed to demonstrate attainment. In selecting the measures, Congress directed that States ― sh ould ensure adequate access to d owntown, other commercial, and residential areas and should avoid measures that increase or relocate emissions and congestion rather than reduce them. ‖ CAA 182(d)(1)(A). EPA believes that it is appropriate to treat the t hree required elements of section 182(d)(1)(A) (i.e., offsetting emissions growth, attainment of the RFP reduction, and attainment of the ozone NAAQS) as separable. As to the first element of CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) (i.e., offsetting emissions growth), EP A has historically interpreted this CAA provision to allow areas to meet the requirement by demonstrating that emissions from motor vehicles decline each year through the attainment year. General Preamble at 13521, 13522. 93

2 . Transportation Control Strate gies and Transportation Control Measures to Offset Emissions Increases from Vehicle Miles Travelled Increases, to Provide for RFP and Attainme nt in the South Coast 2007 AQMP

Information in Chapter 6, Table 6

- 12 from the South Coast 2007 AQMP, reproduced in Table F

- 1 below

, shows that on

- road mobile source emissions of VOC and NO x decline steadily from 20 02 to 20 23 . This decline in emissions is due to EPA‘s and California‘s on

- road mobile
source programs , California‘s clean fuels and SmogCheck programs, and C ARB‘s in

- use truck and bus rule . As discussed above in Section II.C

. , these programs are fully creditable for SIP planning purposes in attainment and RF P demonstrations, including demonstrating complian ce with CAA section 182(d)(1). The on

- road emissi ons in Table F

- 1 are derived from the inventory used in the modeling analysis for the South Coast 2007 AQMP and are calculated using EMFAC2007 (the most recent EPA

- approved mobile source emissions model in California) , and

93 See also 60 FR 48896 (September 21, 1995) approval of Illinois‘ vehicle miles traveled plan for the Chicago area; 62 FR 23410 (April 30, 1997) and 62 FR 35100 (June 30, 1997), proposed and final approval of New Jersey‘s 15 percent ROP plan and other provisions for the New York

- New Jersey

- Connecticut ozone nonattainment area ; 66 FR 23849 (May 10, 2001), approval of the New York‘s attainment demonstration and related provisions fo r the New York

- New Jersey

- Connecticut ozone nonattainment area; 66 FR 57247 (November 14, 2001), approval of the VMT offset plan for the Houston

- Galveston ozone nonattainment area; 70 FR 25688 (May 13, 2005), approval of the Washington, D.C. area‘s 1

- hour attainment demonstration and related provisions; and 70 FR 34358 (June 14, 2005), approval of Atlanta‘s VMT plan.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 116 the same transportation activity projections used to develop the RFP and attainment demonstration and transportation conformity motor vehicle emissions budgets in the South Coast 2007 AQMP. South Coast 2007 AQMP, p. 6

- 23 and 6

- 27.

As desc ribed above in Section II.C

, the South Coast 200 7 AQMP includes TCMs developed by SCAG, the local MPO , which are described in Appendix IV

- C

– Regional Transportation Strategy and Control Measures. TCMs included in the South Coast 2007 AQMP were developed to meet the requirements of CAA Sections 182(d)(1 )(A) and 108(f) and include the capital

- based and non

- capital

- based facilities, projects, and programs contained in the area‘s Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) and programmed through the Regional Transportation Implementation Program (RTIP) process. SCA G determined that there was no combination of reasonable measures that would expedite attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard in the South Coast. See South Coast 2007 AQMP, Appendix IV

- C

.

Table F

- 1. On

- Road Motor Vehicle Emissions in the South Coast, 2002

-

2023 (summer planning inventory, tons per day) 1,2
Year Baseline Remaining

VOC NOx VOC NOx 2002 360 611 360 611 2003 341 595 341 595 2004 321 579 321 579 2005 302 563 302 563 2006 273 518 273 518 2007 243 472 243 472 2008 214 441 210 438 2 009 199 419 195 413 2010 186 379 164 330 2011 176 355 154 291 2012 166 331 144 252 2013 157 309 135 219
2014 148 287 126 191 2015 142 269 119 174 2016 135 250 113 162 2017 129 232 109 160 2018 124 216 101 135 2019 119 200 96 120 2020 114 184 93 112 2021 110 176 91* 78 2022 107 169 88* 52 2023 103 161 86 27 2024 95 146 76 24 Source: South Coast 2007 AQMP, Chapter 6, Table 6

- 12

. 1 These values were incorrectly listed as 88 for 2021 and 85 for 2022 in the 2007 South Coast AQMP. See Letter, Elain e Chang, DrPH, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAMQD

, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air Division, EPA Region 9, dated August 12 , 2011 in the docket for today‘s action. 2 ‖Baseline‖ emissions account for controls adopted prior to the 2007 AQMP. ―Remaining‖ emissions include the impacts of economic growth and implementation of the plan‘s control strategy.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 117 3. Evaluation and Conclusion

Because both VOC and NOx emissions from on

- road motor vehicles decline steadily over the entire time period covered by the So uth Coast 2007 AQMP

, b ased on the emissions data presented in Appendix III of the South Coast 2007 AQMP and the supplemental information in Table 6

- 12 on page 6

- 27 of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, as amended by the information we received on August 12, 2011, the plan need not include additional transportation control strategies and TCMs to offset growth in motor vehicle emissions from growth in VMT ; therefore, we propose to find that the South Coast 2007 AQMP , as corrected on August 12, 2011, meets the require ment in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A ) to include transportation control strategies and TCMs sufficient to offset any growth in emissions from growth in VMT or the number of vehicle trips

. 94

, 95

In Association of Irritated Residents v. EPA , 632 F.3d 584 (9th Cir. 2011), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that, with respect to the first element, section 182(d)(1)(A) of the CAA requires States to adopt transportation control measures and strategies whenever vehicle emissions are projected to be hig her than they would have been had vehicle miles traveled not increased, even when aggregate vehicle emissions are actually decreasing. EPA has filed a petition for rehearing on this issue. Docket Nos. 09

- 71383 and 09

- 71404 (consolidated), Docket Entry 41

- 1, Petition for Panel Rehearing

. The Ninth Circuit has yet to issue its mandate in the Association of Irritated Residents case, and EPA has not adopted the court‘s interpretation for the reasons set forth in the Agency‘s petition for rehearing, pending a final decision by the court. If the court denies the Agency‘s petition for rehearing and issues its mandate before EPA issues a final rule on the South Coast 2007 Ozone SIP, then we anticipate that we would not be able to finalize approval of the South Co ast 2007 Ozone SIP with respect to the first element (i.e., offsetting emissions growth) of section 182(d)(1)(A). Therefore, in today‘s action, and in the alternative to the proposed approval, we are simultaneously proposing to disapprove the South Coast 2 007 Ozone SIP with respect to the first element (i.e., offsetting emissions growth) of section 182(d)(1)(A) based on the plan‘s failure to include sufficient transportation control strategies and TCMs to offset the emissions from growth in VMT. If EPA were to finalize the proposed disapproval, the area would be eligible for a protective finding under the transportation conformity rule because the submitted SIP contains adopted control measures and enforceable commitments that fully satisfy the emissions red uctions requirements for reasonable further progress and attainment. 96 40 CFR 93.120(a)(3)

94 CAA Section 182(d)(1)(A) only requires that VOC emissions decline year to year over the period covered by the SIP. See General Pre a mble at 1 3521. 95 In Association of Irritated Residents v. EPA , 632 F.3d 584 (9th Cir. 2011), the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that section 182(d)(1)(A) of the CAA unambiguously requires States to adopt transportation control measures and strateg ies whenever vehicle emissions are projected to be higher than they would have been had vehicle miles traveled not increased, even when aggregate vehicle emissions are actually decreasing. EPA has filed a petition for rehearing on this issue. Docket Nos. 09

- 71383 and 09

- 71404 (consolidated), Docket No. 35, Petition for Panel Rehearing

. 96 An area would not be eligible for a protective finding under the transportation conformity regulation if EPA finalizes a disapproval of a control strategy implementatio n plan revision (i.e., a plan that demonstrates reasonable further progress or attainment)because the plan revision does not contain adopted control measures or writtenTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 118 As discussed above in section IV.D., we are proposing to find that the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP provides for RFP consistent with all applicable CAA and EPA r egulatory requirements. Therefore, we also propose to find that the SIP meets requirement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) to include TCSs and TCMs as necessary to provide (along with other measures) the reductions needed to meet the applicable RFP requirement.

Fin ally, as discussed in section II.C. and II.D . above, we are proposing to find that the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP provides for expeditious attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard. Therefore, we propose to find that the SIP meets the requi rement in CAA section 182(d)(1)(A) to include strategies and measures to the extent needed to demonstrate attainment.

As discussed above in section II.E ., we are proposing to find that the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone SIP provides for RFP consistent with all applicable CAA and EPA regulatory requirements. Therefore, we also propose to find that the SIP meets requirement in CAA s ection 182(d)(1)(A) to include transportation control strategies and TCMs as necessary to provide (along with other measures) the reductions needed to meet the applicable RFP requirement.

commitments to enforceable control measures that fully satisfy the emissions reductions requirements relevant to the statutory provision for which the implementation plan revision was submitted. 40 CFR 93.120(a)(3)TSD for the P roposed Approval

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### G

. Contingency Measures

1. Requirement for Contingency Measures

Under the CAA, 8

- hour ozone nonattainment areas classified under subpart 2 as moderate or above must include in their SIPs contingen cy measures consistent with sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9)

. Contingency measures are additional controls to be implemented in the event the area fails to meet a RFP mil estone or fails to attain by the applicable attainment date. These contingency measure s must be fully adopted rules or measures that are ready to be implemented quickly upon failure to meet the milestones or attai nment. The SIP should contain trigger mechanisms for the contingency measures, specify a schedule for implementation, and indicat e that the measures will be implemented without significant further action by the State or by EPA

. See 68 FR 32802, at 32837 and 70 FR 71612, at 71650 (proposed and final ozone implementation rule) . Contingency measures should submitted along with the a t tainment demonstration which is due by June 15, 2007 for areas designated in 2004

. See 70 FR 71612, at 71651.

Additional guidance concerning the CAA contingency measure provisions is found in the General Preamble , 57 FR 13498, at 13510

– 13512 and 13520

. T he guidance indicates that s tates should adopt and submit contingency measures sufficient to provide a three percent emission s reduction from the adjusted RFP base year

. EPA concludes this level of reduction is generally acceptable to offset emission incre ases while States are correcting their SIPs. These reductions should be beyond what is needed to meet the attainment and/or RFP requirement. States may use reductions in either of the two precursors to ozone formation

— VO C or NOx

— to meet the contingency me asure requirement s . General Preamble at 13520. States m ay also use a combination of NOx and VOC reductions to meet the requirement. See General Preamble at 13520, footnote 6.

EPA has also provided guidance that contingency measures may be implemented earl y, i.e., prior to the milestone or attainment date

. 97 Consistent with this policy, States are allowed to use excess reductions from already adopted measures to meet the CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) conti ngency measure requirement. This is because t he purpose of contingency measures is to provide extra reductions that are not relied on for RFP or attainment, and that will provide a cushion while the plan is being revised to fully address the failure to meet the required milestone or attainment . Nothi ng in the CAA precludes a State from implementing such measures before they are triggered. This approach has been approved by EPA in numerous SIPs. See 62 FR 15844 (April 3, 1997); 62 FR 66279 (December 18, 1997); 66 FR 30811 (June 8, 2001); 66 FR 586 and 66 FR 634 (January 3, 2001). In the only adjudicated challenge to this approach, the court upheld it. See LEAN v. EPA, 382 F.3d 575 (5th Cir. 2004). 70 FR 71611, 71651.
Furthermore, states can also use f ederal measures that result in additional emission

re ductions beyond those needed for attainment or ROP in an area as contingency measures for a failure to attain or to meet the ROP requirements. EPA has approved the use of f ederal measures

97 Memorandum , G.T. Helms, Chief, Ozone/Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch to Air Directors, ― Early Implementation of Contingency Measures for Ozone and Carbon Monoxide (CO) Nonattainment Areas ,‖ August 13, 1993.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 120 as part of contingency measures in several EPA actions approving 1

- h our ozone SIPs (62 FR 15844, April 3, 1997), (62 FR 66279, December 18, 1997), and (66 FR 30811, June 8, 2001), (66 FR 586 and 66 FR 634, January 3, 2001).
In addition, CAA section 182(e)(5) authorizes EPA to ―approve provisions of an implementation plan f

or an Extreme area which anticipate development of new control techniques or improvement of existing control techniques, and an attainment demonstration based on such provisions,‖ if the State meets certain criteria. CAA section 182(e)(5). Such pan provisi ons may include enforceable commitments to submit, at a later date, contingency measures for failure to attain under CAA section 172(c)(9), in addition to the contingency measures to be implemented if the anticipated technologies approved under section 182 (e)(5) do not achieve planned reductions. These contingency measures must be submitted no later than three years before the proposed implementation of the plan provisions and approved or disapproved by EPA in accordance with CAA section 110. Id.

States tha t rely on the new technology provisions of CAA section 182(e)(5) to demonstrate attainment in an extreme ozone nonattainment area must submit enforceable commitments to develop and adopt contingency measures to be implemented should the anticipated technol ogies not achieve the planned reductions. These contingency measures sha ll be submitted no later than three years before the reductions are needed from the new technologies to demonstrate RFP or attainment. We discuss the section 182(e)(5) cont ingency

m easures in section II.C . of this TSD.

2. Contingency Measures in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

The contingency measures for the South Coast nonattainment area are described in Chapter 9 of the South Coast 2007 AQMP, discussed in more detail in Appendix IV

- A, section 2, of the AQMP, and also discuss ed in Appendix D of the 2007 State Strategy as updated on February 1, 2008. The provisions were again updated in t he 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, Table A

- 1.

To provide for contingency measures for fa ilure to make RFP, t he SIP relies on surplus NOx reductions in the RFP demonstration See 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Attachment A, p. A

- 1. S e e a l s o Table G

- 1 below and T a b l e E

- 2 i n t h i s T S D

. Table G

- 1

. Excess NOx Reduction in RFP Demonstration Available for Use as Contingency Meas ures, Sou th Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan, as Revised July 21, 2011 (tons per summer day)
Year 2011 2014 201 7 2020 2 02 3 NOx adjusted base year 1024 1024 1024 1024 1024
Contingency requirement 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % Excess NOx reductions available for conting ency measures in the milestone year, after RFP and contingency met (%) (line S in Table E

- 2) 34.3% 39.5% 40.1 % 40.0% 39.9%TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 121 To provide i n p a r t for contingency measures for failure to attain, the SIP relies i n p a r t on the ad ditional incremental reductions r e s u l t i n g from fleet turnover in the year 2024. For the South Coast, these reductions are estimated by CARB to be 2 tpd of NOx and 1 tpd of VOC. See CARB 2011 Ozone SIP R e v i s i o n Supplement, Attachment 2. CARB has submitted an enforceable commitment to submit, no later than 2020, additional contingency measures under CAA section 182(e)(5) th at meet the requirements for attainment contingency measures in CAA section 172(c)(9), in addition to contingency measures to be implemented if the anticipated long

term measures approved pursuant to section 182(e)(5) do not achieve planned reductions. CAR B Resolution 11

- 22, July 2 1

, 2011, p. 4.

3. Evaluation and Conclusion

Contingency Measures for Failure to Make RFP

. As discussed in section II.E, we are proposing to approve the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan‘s RFP demonstration. As seen from the RFP demons tration in Table E

- 2, and in Table G

- 2, there are sufficient excess reductions of NOx in each milestone year beyond those needed to meet the next RFP percentage reduction requirement to provide the three percent of adjusted baseline emissions reductions ne eded to meet the RFP contingency measure requirement for 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020.

No RFP contingency measures are needed for 2008, since the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision demonstrates that the South Coast has already met its 2008 milestone. See Table E

- 2 abov e. As a result, contingency measures for failure to meet the 2008 RFP benchmark would never be triggered and thus are not needed.

Contingency Measures for Failure to Attain

. T he additional incremental reductions t h a t w i l l

o c c u r in 2024 ( the year a f t e r t h e attainment y e a r ) from the continuing implementation of both

on

- and off

- road motor vehicle controls may be used to meet the contingency measure requirement for failure to attain . For the South Coast, these reductions are estimated by CARB to be 2 tpd of NOx and 1 tpd of VOC. See Table G

- 2 and CARB 2011 Ozone SIP Supplement, Attachment 2.

B ased on our proposal to determine that the State has satisfied the criteria in section 182(e)(5) for reliance on long

- term measures as part of the attai nment demonstration in the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone SIP, we propose to approve CARB‘s enforceable commitment to submit no later than 2020, additional contingency measures under CAA section 182(e)(5) which meet the requirements for attainment contingency me asures in CAA section 172(c)(9), in addition to contingency measures to be implemented if the anticipated long

- term measures approved pursuant to section 182(e)(5) do not achieve planned reductions. 98

Accordingly, we propose to approve the RFP and attainm ent contingency measures in the South Coast 2007 Ozone SIP under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9), based in part on CARB‘s commitment to submit by 2020 additional contingency measures meeting the

98 These contingency measures should, at a minimum, ensure that an appropriate level of emissions reduction progress continues to be made if attainment is not achieved and ad ditional planning by the State is needed. See General Preamble at 13524.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 122 requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(e)(5). Fo llowing the State‘s submittal of these additional contingency measures, EPA will approve or disapprove the provisions in accordance with CAA section 110.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 123 

### H. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan

1. Requirements for Moto r Vehicle Emissions Budgets

CAA section 176(c) requires Federal actions in nonattainment and maintenance areas to conform to the SIP‘s goals of eliminating or reducing the severity and number of violations of the NAAQS and achieving expeditious attainment of the standards

. Conformity to the SIP‘s goals means that such actions will not: (1) cause or contribute to violations of a NAAQS, (2) worsen the severity of an existing violation, or (3) delay timely attainment of any NAAQS or any interim milestone.

Ac tions involving Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) or Federal Transit Administration (FTA) funding or approval are subject to the EPA‘s transportation conformity rule, codified at 40 CFR part 93, subpart A

. Under this rule, metropolitan planning organiz ations (MPOs) in nonattainment and maintenance areas coordinate with state and local air quality and transportation agencies, EPA

, FHWA

, and FTA to demonstrate that an area‘s regional transportation plans (RTP) and transportation improvement programs (TIP) conform to the applicable SIP

. This demonstration is typically done by showing that estimated emissions from existing and planned highway and transit systems are less than or equal to the motor vehicle emissions budgets (budgets) contained in all control strategy SIP s. An attainment, maintenance, or RFP SIP s include budgets for the attainment year

, each required RFP year or last year of the maintenance plan, as appropriate. Budgets are established for specific years and specific pollutants or precursors

. 8

- hour ozone a ttainment and RFP plans identify budgets for the ozone precursors VOC and NOx. See 4 0 CFR § 93.102(b)

. Before an MPO may use budgets in a submitted but not

- yet approved SIP, EPA must first determine that the budgets are adequate or approve th em . Submitted budgets that have not been found to be adequate or approved may not be used in conformity determinations. In order for us to find the budgets adequate and to approv e them , the submittal must meet the conformity adequacy requirements of 40 CFR § 93.118(e)(4) and (5) and be approvable under all releva nt SIP requirements . To meet these requirements, t he budgets must reflect all of the motor vehicle control measures contained in the RFP and attainment demonstrations

. See 40 CFR § 93.118(e)(4)(v).

2. Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets in the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan
a. Budgets Submitted in South Coast 2007 AQMP (submitted November 2007)

As submitted on November 28, 2007, the 2007 South Coast AQMP included a set of ozone precursor budgets for VOC and NOx for RFP years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020 and an attainment year budget for 2023. See CARB Resolution 07

- 05, which revised the budgets in the 2007 South Coast AQMP as adopted by the SCAQMD, and which was included in the November 28, 2007 su bmittal. We refer to these budgets as the ―original‖ budgets.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 124 b. Budgets Submitted in Revised South Coast 2007 AQMP (submitted April 2008)

On April 30, 2008, CARB submit ted a SIP revision that replaced the original set of 8

- hour ozone budgets with two new sets of budgets (―replacement‖ budgets). One set of the replacement budgets is referred to as ―SIP

- based‖ budgets, and the other set is referred to as ―baseline‖ budgets. In its April 30, 2008 submittal, CARB requests that EPA give primary consideration to the ―SIP

- based‖ budgets and only find the ―baseline‖ budgets to be adequate if EPA cannot find the ―SIP

- based‖ budgets adequate in their entirety.

The replacement budgets submitted on April 30, 2008 differed from the original budgets in that they reflect ed the EPA

- approved EMFAC2007 motor vehicle emission factor model (see 73 FR 3464, January 18, 2008) rather than the District‘s CEPA emission factor model, which had been used for the original budgets. The ―SIP

- based‖ budgets reflect emissions reductions f rom rules adopted by October 2006 and also from control measures CARB expected to adopt in regulatory form in the future. The ―baseline‖ budgets differ from the ―SIP

- based‖ budgets by excluding emission reductions from control measures in the 2007 State St rategy that had not been adopted in regulatory form by October 2006. Mo reover, the ―baseline‖ budgets we re established for RFP years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 , and 2020, whereas the ―SIP

- based‖ budgets

we re established for the RFP years, the attainment year 2 023, and the year 2030.

c. Updated Budgets Submitted in 2011 Ozone SIP Revision

CARB submitted updated budgets for the South Coast in its 2011 Ozone SIP Revision. See 2011Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A. The updated budgets are for VOC and NOx for the R FP years of 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2020, and the attainment year of 2023. No budgets were included for the RFP year of 2008 because there are no applicable conformity analysis years prior to 2011. Also no budgets were included for 2030. Attainment SIPs are not required to include budgets for years after the attainment year. Additional information associated with the motor vehicle emission budget calculations was provided in Attachment 1 of the CARB 2011 Ozone SIP Revision Supplement

. 99 Additional documentatio n on how these budgets were calculated is provided in electronic mails dated August 9 th and August 11 th , 2011 from Douglas Ito, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, EPA Region 9. 100 These budgets were updated to account for revisions to the emissions inventories for th e truck and bus category, and to reflect CARB‘s current rulemaking calendar. These revised updated budgets are shown in T able H

- 1 below.

99 See Letter from Lynn Terry, Deputy Executive Officer, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, EPA Region 9, dated July 10, 2011

. 100 See Electronic Mails from Douglas Ito, Chief, Air Quality and Transportation Planning Branch, CARB, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air Division, EPA Region 9, dated August 9, 2011, and August 11, 2011

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

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________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 125 Table H

- 1 . Summary of Revised Ozone Precursor Budgets for the South Coast 8

- hour Ozone Nonattainment Area (tons per summer day) , July 2011 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023

VOC NOx VOC NOx VOC NOx VOC NOx VOC NOx South Coast Air Basin 172 328 136 277 119 224 108 185 99 140

Source: ― 8

- Hour Ozone State Implementation Plan Revisions and Technical Revi sions to the PM 2.5 State Implementation Plan Transportation Conformity Budgets for the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley Air Basins,‖ Appendix C, adopted July 21 , 2011, posted at www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/2007sip/2007sip.htm.

Tabl e H

- 2 shows how the re vised updated budgets were calculated. This calculation is described in Appendix C of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision. The baseline inventories are the initial SIP on

- road m otor vehicle emissions inventories in Appendix III of the 2 007 South Coast AQMP as sub mitted in November 2007. They continue to be based on the same planning assumptions that were used in the original South Coast 2007 AQMP.

The conformity budgets are calculated by taking these baseline inventories, subtracting reductions from certain pre

- 2 007 AQMP measures (―existing measures‖) and reductions from measures adopted after the South Coast 2007 AQMP was adopted as well as measures and other inventory adjustments included in CARB‘s new heavy duty diesel truck model (collectively, ―new measures‖ ). The final budget is the resulting total rounded to the next highest ton.

Existing measures are:

AB 1493 Greenhouse Gas standards On

- road portion of the Carl Moyer program

New measures are:

Smog Check improvements (low pressure evap, cutpoints, ligh t and medium duty diesels, smoke test) Reformulated gasoline Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Model

o New HDDT inventory

o HDDT Recession Impacts

o I n

- Use HDDT Rule

o HDDT Chip Reflash

o HDDT Public Fleet and Solid Waste Rules

o HDDT Idling Rule sTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

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- Region 9 126 Table H

- 2. Calculation o f the Revised Updated Ozone Precursor B udgets for the South Coast 8

- Hour Ozone Nonattainmen t Area (tons per summer day) , July 2011

South Coast Air Basin 201 1 2014 2017 2020 2023

VOC Baseline Emissions (EMFAC2007 Default) 176.0 150.1 131.1 117.0 106.1 Adjustments for Adopted State and Local On

- Road Measures - 0.3

- 0.6

- 0.9

- 1.1

- 1.5

State Strategy

- On

- road Reductions

- 4.5

- 14.2

- 11.5

- 8.5

- 6.2

Sum 171.2 135.2 118.8 107.4 98.4

Budgets 172 136 119 108 99 NOx Baseline Emi ssions (EMFAC2007 Default) 367.7 299.9 243.5 200.2 171.8 Adjustments for Adopted State and Local On

- Road Measures - 1.4

- 1.4

- 1.0

- 0.1

- 0.1

State Strategy

- On

- road Reductions

- 38.9

- 22.3

- 18.8

- 15.6

- 31.9 Sum 327.5 276.3 223.6 184.5 139.8

Budgets 328 277 224 185 140 Note: Budgets are rounded up to the nearest ton.

3. May 6, 2008 Adequacy/Inadequacy Finding on the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets

On May 6, 2008, we notified CARB that we had found the ― SIP

- based‖ ozone budgets for the 2007 South Coast AQMP, as submitted on April 30, 2008, did not meet certain adequacy requirements under 40 CFR 93.118(e)(4) and (5) and concluded that they were inadequate for transportation conformity purposes. See letter and enclosures, dated May 6, 200 8 from Deborah Jordan, Director, Air Division, EPA Region IX, to James Goldstene, Executive Officer, CARB, a copy of which has been placed in the docket for this rulemaking. The finding is available on EPA‘s transportation conformity website, http://www.e pa.gov/otaq/stateresources/transconf/currsips.htm In our May 2008 adequacy determination, we found the ―baseline‖ ozone budgets for the RFP years 2008, 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020 to be adequate. Generally, we found the ―SIP

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- Region 9 127 based‖ budgets to be inadequate b ecause they reflected control measures not yet adopted in regulatory form and thus not adequately quantified or supported by the plan. In contrast, we found the ―baseline‖ ozone budgets to be consistent with the plan‘s RFP demonstration and to be based on adopted mobile source regulations that have already been implemented. Our notice of adequacy/inadequacy was published on May 15, 2008 at 73 FR 28110 (corrected on June 18, 2008 at 73 FR 34837) and was effective on May 30, 2008. These budgets are currently being used by the MPOs and DOT in transportation conformity determinations.

4. Proposed Action on the Budgets Submitted in 2011

As part of its review of the approvability of the budgets, EPA has evaluated the revised budgets submitted in 2011 using our adequacy criteria in 40 CFR § 93.318(e)(4) an d (5). As documented in Table H

- 3 below, we found that they meet each of the adequacy criteria. As documented in this TSD , we have completed our detailed review of the South Coast 2007 AQMP and supple mental s ubmittals including CARB‘s 2011 Ozone SIP Revision and are proposing to approve the RFP and attainment demonstrati ons in the South Coast 2007 Ozone Plan

. We have also reviewed the proposed budgets submitted with the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision and have found that they are consistent with the RFP and attainment demonstrations and were based on control measures that have already been adopted and implemented and meet all other applicable statutory and regulatory requirements including meeting the adequacy criteri a in §93.118(e)(4) and(5) . Therefore, we are proposing to approve the 2011, 2014, 2017, 2020 a nd 2023 budgets shown in Table G

- 1. EPA is not required under its Transportation Conformity rule to find budgets adequate prior to proposing approval of them. We will, however, complete the adequacy review of these budgets either prior to or concurrent with our final action on the South Coast 2007 8

- Hour Ozone Plan. If the proposed approval of the budgets is finalized, then SCAG and the U.S. Department of Transpo rtation will be required to use the revised budgets in transportation conformity determinations. F or these conformity determinations, t he motor vehicle emissions from implementation of the transportation plan should be projected and compared to the budget s at the

same level of accuracy as the budgets in the plan, for example emissions should be rounded to the rounded to the next highest ton (e.g. 11 tpd)

. Also note that due to the nature of these budgets (combining reductions from control measures relate d to the in

- use truck and bus rule

, some of which that may be included in EMFAC2011), the MPOs will need to show the off

model emission reductions associated with the individual control measures incorporated into the budgets, from CARB, for the appropriate analysis years in future conformity determinations so that they can include these reductions in regional emissions analyses per 40 CFR § 93.122 until EMFAC2011 is submitted to EPA and EPA approves the model for use in SIPs and transportation conformity de terminations

. As stated in section II .F ., if we were to finalize a disapproval with respect to the plan's section 182(d)(1)(A) element, then the area would be eligible for a protective finding under the transportation conformity rule because the submitte d SIP contains adopted control measures and enforceable commitments that fully satisfy the emissions reductions requirements for reasonable further progress and attainment. 40 CFR 93.120(a)(3)TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 128

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/CommentsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 129

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

Sec. 93 .118(e)(4)(i) The plan was endorsed by the

Governor (or designee) and was subject to a public hearing. The District conducted public workshops, provided public comment periods, and held a public hearing prior to the adoption of the Plan on June 1, 2007. Documentation accompanying the AQMP describes a public and agency outreach effort. See, e.g., the SCAQMD‘s Response to Comments on the Draft 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (February 2007), submitted by CARB on November 28, 2007 as enclosure I

- E, describing nine regional workshops held from October 24 through Dec ember 6, 2006 to discuss the draft 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) released on October 10, 2006. The November 28, 2007 transmittal submitting the South Coast 2007 AQMP was sent by CARB‘s Executive Officer, James Goldstene, the Governor‘s designee. The transmittal letter indicates that CARB formally adopted the plan on September 27, 2007 through a Board Resolution (07

- 28). CARB released the plan on April 26, 2007 (appendices on May 7, 2007) and requested public comments by June 21, 2007 or at a public hearing held on June 22, 2007 and again on September 27, 2007.

The sequence of public meetings held to discuss the elements of the draft State Strategy for California‘s 2007 SIP (State Strategy) is described in the CARB staff report developed for the CAR B Board‘s consideration prior to adoption of the State Strategy. CARB also provide the required public notice and opportunity for public comment prior to its September 27, 2007 public hearing on the South Coast 2007 AQMP. See CARB, Notice of Public Meetin g to Consider Approval of the 2007 Air Quality Management Plan for Attaining the Federal 8

- hour Ozone and PM 2.5 Standards in the South Coast Air Basin and the Coachella Valley. See http://www.a

rb.ca.gov/board/ma/2007/ma092707.htm and http://www.arb.ca.gov/regact/nonreg/scsip07.pdf

. CARB also provide the required public notice, opportunity for public comment, and public hearing prior to its April 24, 2009 adoption of revisions to the Strategy. See CARB, Notice of Public Hearing to Consider a Status Report on the State Strategy for California‘s 2007 State Implementation Plan and Consider Approval of a Proposed Revision to the State Imp lementation Plan Reflecting Implementation of the 2007 State Strategy, March 24, 2009.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 130

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

The 2009 State Strategy update, which updates the 2007 State Strategy, was submitted on August 12, 2011 via transmittal letter from CARB‘s Executive Officer, J ames Goldstene, the Governor‘s designee.

CARB also provided a public comment period and held a public hearing prior to its adoption of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision on July 21 , 2011. The SIP was made available for public review on June 20 , 2011. See http://www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/planarea/2011_ozone_sip_revision_notice.pdf for the public hearing documentation. The 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, which updates the South Coast 2007 AQMP and the 2007 State Strategy, was submitted on July 29, 2011 via transmittal letter from CARB‘s Executive Officer, James Goldstene, the Governor‘s designee.

Each of the five SIP submittals that comprise the South Coast 8

- hour ozone attainme nt plan incl ude proof of publication for notices of SCAQMD and CARB public hearings as evidence that all hearings were properly noticed.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

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- Region 9 131

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(ii) The plan was developed through

consultation with federal, state and local agencies; full imple mentation plan documentation was provided and EPA‘s stated concerns, if any, were addressed. Y Consultation with federal, state and local agencies was undertaken; this consultation took place with the SCAG interagency consultation working group Members of the consultation group include: EPA, FHW A, FTA, CARB, C altrans, the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), and the area‘s Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) , SCAG and county transportation agencies. EPA received a copy of the draft 2 011 Progress Report, the South Coast 2007 AQMP and draft State Strategy but provided no written comments. However, in response to EPA‘s requests for additional information, CARB did provide Attachment A included in a May 18, 2011 letter from Lynn Terry, De puty Executive Officer, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, EPA Region 9. The revised budgets are posted at the following URL: http://www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/2007sip/2007sip.htm

. F urthermore, in response to EPA questions, ARB provided additional information via an August 10, 2011 letter sent by Lynn Terry to Deborah Jordan and emails from Doug Ito to Elizabeth Adams on August 9 th and August 11 th , EPA questions were addressed by the additional technical clarifications on the budgets provided in documents attached with these communications.

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(iii) The motor vehicle emission budgets

are clearly identified and precisely quantified. Y The motor ve hicle emissions budgets f or 2011, 2014, 2017, 2020 and 2023 are clearly identified and precisely quantified in Appendix A (Table A

- 2 ) of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision and further described in Attachment2 of the August 10 , 2011 letter and the additional technical information provided by CARB

. . These budgets reflect control measures that were already adopted at the time the CARB adopted the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision on July 21 , 2011 . 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix A, p. 3. CARB di d not update the budget for 2008 because the 2008 budge ts are longer needed for any conformity determination in the South Coast nonattainment area. 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, Appendix C

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 132

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(iv) The motor vehicle emissions

budget(s), when considered together with all other emission sources, is

co nsistent with applicable requirements for reasonable further progress and attainment. Y EPA has preliminarily concluded th at the budgets for the year 2011, 2014, 2017, 2020 and 2023 when considered together with all other emission sources and controls , are consistent with the requirement to demonst rate RFP for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard . This finding is based on a thorough review of the revised RFP demonstrations in Appendix A (Table A

- 1 ) of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revision, July 21, 2011. As documented in S ection II.G. of this TSD, EPA is proposing to approve the revised RFP demonstration

. EPA has preliminarily concluded t hat the budgets for the year 2023 when considered together with all other emission sources and controls , are consistent with the requireme nt to demonstrate expeditious attainment of the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard

. This finding is based on review of the updated attainment demonstration in the 2011Ozone SIP Revision, dated July 21, 2011. As documented in Section II. C . of this TSD, EPA is propo sing to approve the revised attainment demonstration.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 133

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(v) The plan shows a clear relationship

among the emissions budget(s), control measures and the total emissions inventory. Y The emission inventories for all poin t, area, and mobile s ources are contained in Chapter 3 of SCAQMD‘s Final 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP). The control strategy that is relied up on for the ―SIP

- based‖ budgets i s set out in Chapter 4 of SCAQMD‘s Final 2007 AQMP and Appendix IV

- A, and in Attachment A of CARB‘s Resolution 07

- 28 dated September 27, 2007 adopting the 2007 State Strategy. See also (http://www.arb.ca.gov/planning/sip/2007sip/southcoast/scstaffreport.pdf) and appendices. The ―offmodel‖ adjustments to the baseline inventory, as referenced in th e footnote to the motor vehicle emissions budgets, for the motor vehicle emission budgets, are available on pages 73 (NOx), 76 (ROG) and 79 (PM2.5) of Appendix A, the Emission Inventory Output Tables, of the May 7, 2007 update to the Revised Statewide Str ategy for California's 2007 SIP. The submittal dated April 30, 2008 made changes to the budgets to reflect the use of EMFAC2007, but the changes (relative to those calculated using SCAQMD‘s CEPA model ) were minor and the emissions estimates remain ed consis tent with the RFP demonstrations for 8

- hour ozone in the 2007 South Coast SIP, as supplemented for 8

- hour ozone RFP on February 1, 2008.
The reductions from individual existing measures used in the budgets are also described in more detail in Tables B

- 1 an d B

- 2 in Appendix B

, as well as in the 2011 Ozone SIP Revisions S upplement , and additional technical information transmitted from ARB in their August 10 letter and emails on August 9th and 11 th

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________ __________ ________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 134

Ta ble H

- 3 Evaluation of the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budget in the 2011 Progress Report August 2011
Adequacy Review Criteria (40 CFR part 93) Is Criterion Satisfied? Reference in SIP Document/Comments

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(vi) Revisions to previously submitted

cont rol strategy or maintenance plans explain and document any changes to any previous submitted budgets and control measures; impacts on point and area source emissions; any changes to established safety margins (see §93.101 for definition), and reasons for t he changes (including the basis for any changes to emission factors or estimates of vehicle miles traveled). Y Prior to submittal of the 2007 Ozone Plan, t he m ost recent ozone SIP for the South Coast nonattainment area was the South Coast 2007 AQMP, which addressed 1

- hour

o zone and other pollutants . EPA found the budgets from the 2003 South Coast AQMP adequate in 2004 (see 69 FR 15325 )

. The motor vehicle emission inventories in the 2003 AQMP are based on the EMFAC2002 motor vehicle emissions model, and
mot or vehicle emission inventories in the South Coast 2007 Ozone Plan and subsequent updates were prepared using the most recent version of the model, EMFAC2007. EMFAC2007 was approved by EPA for use in SIPs and conformity determinations o n January 18, 2008 ( 73 FR 3464) . This notice approving EMFAC2007 details the basis for the changes to the emission factors.
The MVEB being reviewed here are for the 8

- hour ozone standard and do not constitute a revision to the MVEB previously submitted in the 2003 AQMP becau se that Plan addressed different ozone standard s

. CARB submitted revisions to the motor vehicle emission budgets in the South Coast 2007 Ozone Plan as part of the 2011 Ozone SIP Revisions . The revisions removed some control measures that were included in the prior RFP and attainment budgets (e.g. South Coast AB923 measures), included revisions to the Heavy Duty Diesel Truck inventory using ARB‘s Heavy Duty Truck Model and adjusted the reductions associated with smog check and reformulated gasoline.

Sec. 93.118(e)(5) EPA has reviewed the State‘s

compilation of public comments and response to comments that are required to be submitted with any implementation plan. Y SCAQMD compiled public comments submitted during the June 1, 2007 public hearing and during the public comment periods. These comments and the responses are included in the February 2007 ―Response to Comments‖ ( http://www.aqmd.gov/aqmp/07/aqmp/modified/Response_to_Com ments.pdf ). ARB compiled public comments submitted during the September 2 7, 2007, November 15, 2007, April 24, 2008 , and July 21, 2011 public hearings and during the public comment periods. These comments (if any) and the responses are included in adoptio n hearing transcripts ( http://www.arb.ca.gov/board/meetings.htm ). We hav e reviewed the compilation of comments and responses and find the responses to be acceptable. No issues that might have affected our adequacy finding remain unanswered.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 135 

### I. Other CAA Requirements Applicable to Extreme Ozone Nonattainment Areas

Title I, subpart D of the CAA includes a number of planning and control requirements applicable to extreme ozone nonattainment areas, su ch as the South Coast . Below, we discuss the current status of each of these requirements for informational purposes only. We are not proposing any action related to these provisions.

1. Enhanced Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program

CAA section 182(c) (3) requires states with ozone nonattainment areas classified under subpart 2 as serious or above to implement an enhanced motor vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) program in those areas. The requirements for those programs are provided in section 1 82(c)(3) and 40 CFR 51.351. CAA section 182(a)(2)(B) directs EPA to publish updated guidance for state I/M programs, taking into consideration the findings of EPA's audits and investigations of these programs. The Act further directs that each area requir ed to have an I/M program incorporate this guidance into its SIP. Based on these CAA requirements, EPA promulgated I/M regulations on November 5, 1992 (57 FR 51950), as corrected at 58 FR 59366 (November 9, 1993) and at 59 FR 32343 (June 23, 1994). EPA's I /M regulations are codified at 40 CFR part 51, subpart S (―Inspection/ Main tenance Program Requirements‖), sections 51.350 through 51.373.

The I/M regulations establish minimum performance standards for ―basic‖ and ―enhanced‖ I/M programs as well as req uirements for the following: network type and program evaluation; adequate tools and resources; test frequency and convenience; vehicle coverage; test procedures and standards; test equipment; quality control; waivers and compliance via diagnostic inspecti on; motorist compliance enforcement program oversight; quality assurance; enforcement against contractors, stations and inspectors; data collection; data analysis and reporting; inspector training and licensing or certification; public information and cons umer protection; improving repair effectiveness; compliance with recall notices; on

- road testing; SIP revisions; and implementation deadlines.

The performance standard for basic I/M programs remains the same as it has been since EPA's initial I/M policy was established in 1978, pursuant to the 1977 CAA amendments. The performance standard for enhanced I/M programs was established in 1992 pursuant to the 1990 CAA amendments and is based on a high

- technology transient test, known as IM240, for 1986 and lat er model year vehicles, including a transient loaded exhaust short test incorporating hydrocarbons (HC), NO X , and carbon monoxide (CO) cutpoints, an evaporative system integrity (pressure) test and an evaporative system performance (purge) test.

The South Coast area has been subject to the enhanced I/M requirements of section 182(c)(3) since the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (C AAA). Under California law, the Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) is responsible for developing and implementing the smog check
pro gram. CARB submitted a SIP revision for the State‘s basic and enhanced I/M program on January 22, 1996, and we approved this SIP revision on January 8, 1997 (see 62 FR 1150)

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 136 CARB submitted a SIP revision on February 24, 2006 (supplemented on August 11, 2 006 with additional technical information) showing the enhanced I/M program, as it applies in South Coast, meets EPA‘s performance standard for ―low‖ enhanced I/M programs for CO. We approved this SIP revision on May 11, 2007 (see 72 FR 26718) as part of o ur redesignation of the South Coast area to attainment for CO.

CARB submitted additional SIP revisions on June 5, 2009 relating to the State‘s basic and enhanced I/M program. On July 1, 2010 at 75 FR 38023, EPA approved California‘s inspection and mainte nance program as meeting the requirements of the CAA and applicable EPA regulations for enhanced I/M programs.

2. Reformulated Gasoline Program

As an extreme ozone nonattainment area for the 1

- hour ozone standard, the South Coast nonattainment area was covered under the federal reformulated gasoline (RFG) program. See CAA section 211(k)(10)(D). As an 8

- ho ur ozone nonattainment area, South Coast continues to be covered under the federal RFP program. See 40 CFR 80.70(m)(1)(i) and 70 FR 71685. Californ ia has its own RFG program (California Phase III RFG (CaRFG3) ), which also applies in the South Coast nonattainment area.

On June 15, 2004, the State submitted a series of amendments to the reformulated gasoline rules as approved by EPA in 1995. Specific ally, on August 3, 2000, the State adopted amendments that established the CaRFG3 standards and program, including revisions leading to the phase out of methyl tertiary

- butyl ether (MTBE) as a gasoline oxygenate. Starting March 21, 2001, the State adopted a series of rulemakings to amend the CA RFG rules regarding certain limits for denatured ethanol used in California gasoline and the model for ―California reformulated blendstock for oxygenate blending‖ or ―CARBOB.‖ These amendments also allowed certain sm all refiners to offset excess emissions from CaRFG3 with additional emission reductions from lowering the aromatic hydrocarbon content of diesel fuel. On May 1, 2003, the State adopted amendments to the CA RFG rules that updated test methods used to comply with CaRFG3 regulations and also delayed the phase out of MTBE by one year to avoid disrupting the supply of gasoline in California.

On February 3, 2009, the State submitted revisions to the reformulated gasoline rules. These revisions were adopted by t he State on November 18, 2004. Among other things, the revisions updated the procedure for evaluating alternative specifications for CaRFG3 using the California Predictive Model. Additional new rules and revisions were adopted by the State on August 7, 200 8. Among other things these rules updated the California Predictive Model in the CaRFG3 regulations to mitigate permeation emissions associated with the use of ethanol as a fuel additive. EPA approved the June 15, 2004 and February 3, 2009 SIP revisions in a final rulemaking dated May 12, 2010 (see 75 FR 26653).TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

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- Region 9 137 3. New Source Review Rule

CAA section 182(a)(2)(C) required states to develop SIP revisions containing permit programs within two years after the enactment of the CAA Amendments of 1990 for e ach of its ozone nonattainment areas. The SIP revisions a re to include requirements for permits in accordance with CAA sections 172(c)(5) and 173 for the construction and operation of each new or modified major stationary source for ozone in the area. See also CAA section 182(e). EPA‘s implementing regulations for nonattainment new source review (NSR) are in 40 CFR 51.165

, and guidance specific to ozone nonattainment areas was provided in the preamble to the 8

- hour ozone implementation rule. S ee 70 FR 71612 , at 71671

- 71684

. New Source Review (NSR) for point sources of ozone precursors is addressed through the SCAQMD‘s NSR and RECLAIM programs (Regulations XIII and XX , respectively ). We approved the District‘s NSR program in a direct final rule on December 4 , 1996 ( see 61 FR 64291 , 64 FR 13514 (March 19,1999), and 71 FR 35157 (June 19, 206) ) as satisfying the NSR requirements in title I, part D of the CAA for extreme ozone nonattainment areas , and the RECLAIM program most recently on August 12 , 2011 (see 76 F R 50128 ). Table I

- 1 shows the adoption, submittal, and SIP approval status of SCAQMD‘s NSR rules.



### Table I

- 1 Adoption, Submittal, and SIP Approval Status of SCAQMD’s NSR Rules

( REGULATION 13

- New Source Review )

Rule Adoption Submittal to EPA Approval

Da te Federal Register

Citation

1301 General 12/07/95 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1302 Definitions 12/07/95 03/10/98 03/19/99 64 FR 13514

1303 Requirements 05/10/96 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1304 Exemptions from Regulation XIII 06/14/96 08/28 /96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1305 Special Permit Provisions 07/10/84 01/29/85 50 FR 3906

1306 Emission Calculations 06/14/96 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1309 Emission Reduction Credits 12/07/95 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1309.1 Priority Reserve 05/03 /2002 12/23/2002 06/19/ 06 71 FR 35157

1310 Analysis, Notice, and Reporting 12/07/95 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291

1313 Permits to Operate 12/07/95 08/28/96 12/04/96 61 FR 64291TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 138 4. Clean

- Fuel Vehicle Program

CAA sectio ns 182(c)(4)(A) and 246 require s t a tes to submit for EPA approval a SIP revision that includes measures to implement the Clean Fuel Vehicle Program in serious and above nonattainment areas

. In particular, SIPs for these areas with 1980 populations of 250,000 or more must establish a clean

- fuel vehicle pro g ram for centrally

- fuelled fleets (referred to as a Clean

- Fuel Fleet (CFF) program). Under the CFF program, a specified percentage of vehicles purchased by fleet operators for covered fleets shall be clean

- fuel vehicles and shall use clean alternative fuels when operating in the covered area. Section 182(c)(4)(B) of the Act allows states to  ̳ ̳opt

- out‘‘ of the clean

- fuel vehicle fleet program by submitting for EPA approval a SIP revision consisting of a program or programs not otherwise req uired by the Act that will result in at least equivalent long term reductions in ozone

producing and toxic air emissions.

California submitted a commitment to submit a replacement in order to opt out of the federal Clean Fuel Fleets program, using the sta te‘s Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) program as a substitute measure, for the six serious and above 1

- hour ozone nonattainment areas in the state. EPA granted a conditional approval of California‘s opt

- out request on November 29, 1993. (See 58 FR 62532). The ap proval was conditioned upon California‘s submittal of an additional SIP revision that would fulfill its LEV program commitment by May 15, 1994. CARB submitted its LEV program with enhancements as part of its 1994 ozone SIP on November 15, 1994. We approved the substitution of the LEV program for a Clean Fuel Fleet program into the California SIP on August 27, 1999. See 64 FR 46849.

5. Gasoline Vapor Recovery

CAA section 182(b)(3) mandates that States sub mit a revised SIP by November 15, 1992 that requir es owners or operators of gasoline dispensing systems to install and operate gasoline vehicle refueling vapor recovery (―Stage II‖) systems in ozone nonattainment areas classified as moderate and above. See General Preamble at 13514.

California‘s ozone n onattainment areas had implemented Stage II vapor recovery well before the passage of the CAA Amendments of 1990. Under California State law (Health and Safety Code Sections 41954), C ARB is required to adopt procedures and performance standards for contro lling gasoline emissions from ga soline marketing operations, including tr ansfer and storage operations. State law also authorizes C ARB, in cooperation with districts, to certify vapor recovery systems, identify defective equipment, and develop test methods

. C ARB has adopted numerous revisions to its vapor recovery program regulations. See Table A

- 7 in Appendix A to this TSD. See also C ARB‘s website, http://www.evrhome.org/

. In the South Coast , t he installation and operation of C ARB

- certified vapor recove ry equipment is required and enforced by SCAQMD Rules 461 and 46 2

. Both rules were first adopted on January 9, 1976. The latest version of Rule 461 was approved into the SIP on April 11, 2006 ( see 7 1 FR 18216)

, and the latest version of Rule 462 was approv ed into the SIP on July 21, 1999 (see 64 FR 39037 )

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- Region 9 139 6. Enhanced Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

CAA section 182(c) (1) req uires that all ozone nonattainment areas classified as serious or above implement measures to enhance and improve both ambient air quality monitoring of ambient concentrations of ozone, NOx, and VOCs, and to improve emissions monitoring of NOx and VOCs

. CAA Section 182(c)(1) requires EPA to promulgate regulations for the enhanced monitoring of ozone and its precursors and for the aff ected States to incorporate the requirements as a part of their SIP s. In addition , section 184(d) requires that the best available air quality monitoring and modeling techniques be used in makin g determinations concerning the contribution of sources in one area to concentrations of ozone in another area which is a nonattainment area for ozone.

The intent of these enhanced ozone and ozone precursor monitoring regulations is to require air pollution control agencies to obtain an air quality database that wi ll assist in evaluating, tracking the progress of, and, if necessary, refining control strategies for attaining the

ozone NAAQS . Photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMS) were to be established to collect ambient concentrations of ozone

, NOx , nit rogen dioxide NO 2 , nitrogen oxide (NO), and speciated VOC, including carbonyls, and meteorological data to better characterize the nature and extent of the ozone problem, aid in tracking VOC and NOx emission inventory reductions, assess air quality trends, and make attainment/nonattainment decisions. In addition, the PAMS was designed to provide a more definitive database for evaluating photochemical model performance, especially for future control strategy mid

- course corrections as part of the continuing air quality management process.

O nce EPA promulgated rules for enhanced monitoring of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and VOCs, serious and above ozone nonattainment areas were required to implement a program based on these rules. The measures the State t akes to implement the rules were to be put into the SIP for that area. The enhanced monitoring requirement requires states to implement a program to improve monitoring for ambient concentrations of ozone, NOx, and VOCs, and to improve monitoring of emissions of N Ox and VOCs.

The SCAQMD‘s 2009 Annual Air Quality Monitoring Network Plan ( dated July 2010) describes the steps the state has taken to address the requirements of CAA section 182(c)(1). Pages 4 through 6 and 17 of the monitoring network plan describe th e South Coas t Air Basin‘s PAMS network. 101

, 102 The South Coast PAMS network was initiated in 1994 at two monitoring sites in the Basin and subsequently expanded through 2001. More detail is provided in the following section.

101 Starting in 2007, EPA‘s monitoring rules (see 71 FR 61236), October 17, 2006) required the submittal and EPA action on annual monitoring network plans.
102 SCAQMD‘s July 2010 monitoring network plan can be found in the docket for today‘s action. We approved the 2009 monitoring network plan on November 1, 2010. See letter, Matthew Lakin, Manager, Air Quality Analysis Office, EPA Region 9, to Dr. Chung Liu, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAQMD, dated November 1, 2010. SCAQMD submitted the 2010 monitoring network plan on July 20, 2011; EPA is in the process of reviewing it.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 140 The PAMS network was initiated in June 1994 at Pico Rivera and Upland, and in 1995 at Banning and Azusa, to de termine speciated hydrocarbon ozone precursor compounds in ambient air. PAMS monitoring at Hawthorne commenced in June 1997 and the Burbank station became a PAMS site in July 1997 . In May 2001, the Santa Clarita location was established as a PAMS site. In April 2004, the Hawthorne site was replaced by LAX Hastings, due to the end of a property lease. In August 2005, the Pico Rivera station moved to a new location one half mile sout h of the previous site, also due to the end of the property lease.

On October 17, 2006, the EPA issued final amendments to PAMS monitoring requirements in 40 CFR § 58. The changes made to the rule were to implement recommendations made by the PAMS workgr oup . The workgroup recommended changes be made to site type and monitoring objectives. During September 2008, a report from the EPA PAMS network assessment project workgroup was issued. The objectives of the workgroup were to assess how well the current PA MS network was meeting monitoring objectives, determine which sites are most useful for meeting objectives, identify potentially redundant, ineffective, or unnecessary sites, and to assess other enhanced ozone monitoring activities that may prove useful. T o address regulatory changes, site

- specific observations from the PAMS network assessment project, and potential synergie s between programs, SC AQMD made the following changes to the PAMS monitoring network in June 2009 :

Burbank was reclassified from Type 2/1 to Type 2. This change addressed the National PAMS Network Assessment observation that Burbank should be reclassified to a Type 2 precursor site. The recommendation is consistent with the heavily urbanized/industrialized area, which is impacted by hig h levels of ozone precursor emissions. Santa Clarita was reclassified as Type 3 from Type 2. Although the National PAMS Network Assessment observed that Santa Clarita was consistent with a Type 2 site, recent data was more cons istent with a Type 3 maximum ozone concentration site rather than a Type 2 ozone precursor site. Banning was relocated to Los Angeles (Main). The National PAMS Network Assessment observe d that Banning had the lowest ozone concentrations of all the Type 2 sites and should be reclassifi ed to a Type 3 or 4 site. Instead, to create synergies between programs, SC AQMD relocated the Banning PAMS site to the Los Angeles (Main) site as Type 2. This satisfies the EPA recommendation for use of the same monitoring platform and equipment to meet th e objectives of multiple programs. Los Angeles (Main) is also a National Air Toxics Trends Station (NATTS), a future National Core

- Multi

- pollutant Monitoring Station (NCore), and an Speciation Trends Network (STN) site. Azusa was reclassified from Type 3 t o Type 2. This proposed change addresses the National PAMS Network Assessment observation that Azusa has high VOC and NOx concentrations, with lower ozone concentrations. The site now mo re closely resembles a Type 2 ozone precursor site. Upland was relocat ed to the Rubidoux site. The National PAMS Network Assessment observed that Upland was no longer consistent with a Type 4 site and recommendedTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 141 reclassification to Type 3. South Coast AQMD relocated the Upland PAMS site to Rubidoux as a Type 3 location wher e synergies can be created among the NATTS, NCore, and STN programs. LAX Hastings and Pico Rivera remained unchanged.

Currently, manual VOC canisters are in operation at the Azusa, LAX Hastings, Rubidoux, Los Angeles (Main) and Santa Clarita air monitorin g stations. During the intensive season from July 1 until September 30, VOC canisters are run every three hours for a period of twenty

- four hours every 3rd day and a twenty

- four hour sample is run every 6th day.

During the non

- intensive season from Octobe r 1 through June 30, twenty

- four hour VOC canister samples are run every 6th day. At Los Angeles (Main) and Santa Clarita air monitoring stations, during the intensive season from July 1 until September 30, carbonyl samples are run every three hours for a period of twenty

- four hours every 3rd day and a twenty

- four hour sample is run every 6 th day. During the non

- intensive season from October 1 through June 30, twenty

four hour carbonyl samples are run every 6th day.

Automated gas chromatograph y flame ioniz ation detector (GC/ FID) VOC systems are in operation at the Pico Rivera and Burbank air monitoring stations. During the intensive sampling season from Ju ly 1 until September 30, the GC/ FID is run to collect 3

- hour samples and twenty

four hour VOC canisters are run every 6th day. Like the other PAMS sites, carbonyl samples are run every three hours with one additional twenty

- four hour sample run every 6th day. During the

non

- intensive season from October 1 through June 30, the GC/FID is idle and twenty

- four hour VOC canister samples are run every 6th day and twenty

- four hour carbonyl samples are run every 6th day. Rubidoux is a collocated site for VOC canister sampling and Pico Rivera is a collocated site for VOC canister and carbonyl sampling.

The first SC A QMD upper air meteorological monitoring station was established at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) in 1994. Subsequent upper air stations include Ontario International Airport (ONT) installed in 1996, Moreno Valley (MOV) installed in 2001 at the Mo reno Valley Municipal Water Treatment Plant in Riverside County, Irvine installed at the University of California Research and Extension Center in 2006, and Pacoima at Whiteman Airport during May 2007. The upper air stations use a combination of remote sen sing and surface meteorological instrumentation, such as an acoustic wind profiler, and tower

- mounted meteorological measurements of wind, pressure, temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and ultraviolet radiation.

The SCAQMD‘s Annual Air Quality Monitoring Network Plan (July 2010) describes the steps the state has taken to address the requirements of CAA section 182(c)(1). Pages 4 through 6 and 17 of the monitoring network plan describe the South Coast Air Basin‘s PAMSTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 142 network. 103

, 104 We have determ ined that the SCAQMD‘s PAMS network meets EPA requirements for enhanced monitoring programs. 105

7. Clean Fuels or Advanced Technology for Boilers

CAA section 182(e)(3) provides that SIPs for extreme areas must require each new, modified, and existing ele ctric utility and industrial and commercial boiler that emits more than 25 tons per year (tpy) of NO X to either burn as its primary fuel natural gas, methanol, or ethanol (or a comparably low polluting fuel), or use advanced control technology (such as cat alytic control technology or other comparably effective control methods).

Further guidance on this requirement is provided in the General Preamble at 13523. According to the General Preamble, a boiler should generally be considered as any combustion
equ ipment used to produce steam and generally does not include a process heater that transfers heat from combustion gases to process streams a waste heat recovery boiler that is used to recover sensible heat from the exhaust of process equipment such as a com bustion turbine, or a recovery furnace that is used to recover process chemicals. It also does not include b oilers used primarily for residential space and/or water heating

. General Preamble at 13523. In addition, boilers with rated heat inputs less that 1 5 million Btu (MMBtu) per hour which are oil

- or gas

fired may generally be considered de minimis and exempt from these requirements since it is unlikely that they will exceed the 25 tpy NO X emission limit. General Preamble at 13524.

Only boilers that actu ally emit more than 25 tons per year of NO x are affected. Emissions vary from year to year, however, making applicability difficult to determine. Boilers with rated heat inputs of greater than 10

- 20 million Btu generally have the potential to exceed the 25

- tons

per

- year limit depending on the fuel type. A source with these high rated heat inputs should therefore be considered affected unless its federally enforceable permit specifically restricts NO, emissions below 25 tons per year from each boiler.

We be lieve the term "catalytic control technology" in CAA section 182(e)(3) was intended generally to refer to selective catalytic reduction (S CR). SCR is a post

- combustion control technology that reduces NO x reductions by injecting ammonia into the flue gas, w hich then passes through layers of catalyst in a reactor.

Selective Non Catalytic Reduction ( SNCR ) is a method to lessen nitrogen oxide emissions in conventional power plants that burn biomass

, waste and coal . The process involves injecting either ammonia or urea into the firebox of the boiler at a location where the flue gas is between 760 and 1,093 degrees Celsius (1,400 and 2,000 °F ) to react with the NO x formed in the combustion process. The resulting product of the chemical redox reaction is elemental n itrogen

, carbon dioxide, and water

.

103 Starting in 2007, EPA‘s moni toring rules (see 71 FR 61236), October 17, 2006) required the submittal and EPA action on annual monitoring network plans. 104 SCAQMD‘s 2010 monitoring network plan can be found in the docket for today‘s action.

105 See SCAMQD‘s 2010 monitoring network plan and letter, Matthew Lakin, Chief, Air Quality Analysi s Office, EPA Region 9, to Dr. Chung Liu, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAQMD, dated November 1, 2010, approving the 2009 South Coast Air Quality Monitoring Network Plan.TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 143 To evaluate whether District rules require ―comparably low polluting fuel‖ or ―comparably effective control methods

, ‖ we have estimated the NOx emissions from boilers that either burn clean fuels (natural gas) or use ca talytic control technologies (SCR) to establish benchmarks for comparison . According to the 1994 Alternative Control Techniques (ACT) Document, ―NOx Emissions from Industrial/Commercial/Institutional (ICI) Boilers ‖ (1994 ATC), uncontrolled natural gas

- fire d boilers have NOx emissions ranging between 0.06 to 0.45 MMBtu/hour. 106 Thus, fuels that result in a similar or lower range of NOx emissions may be considered ―comparably low polluting‖ fuels under CAA section 182(e)(3) . Boilers burning fuels other than na tural gas (e.g., coal or oil) but equipped with SCR controls generally emit NOx at levels 53 to 94% lower than uncontrolled levels

, i.e., NOx emission levels ranging from 0.028 to 0.53 MMBtu/hour (coal) and from 0.005 to 0.37 MMBtu/hour (oil)

. 107 Thus, contr ol methods that result in a similar or lower range of NOx emissions may be considered ―comparably effective control methods‖ under CAA section 182(e)(3). Boilers burning fuels other than natural gas but equipped with SNCR controls generally emit NOx at lev els 30 to 88% lower than uncontrolled levels, depending on fuel type and boiler type, i.e., NOx emission levels ranging from 0.06 to 0.78 MMBtu/hour (coal) and from 0.01 to 0.553 MMBtu/hour (oil). Thus, with the exception of coal

- fired boilers, we generall y consider SNCR controls to be ―comparable‖ to SCR controls or to natural gas combustion

.

Provisions for CAA Section 182(e)(3) in the South Coast SIP

The South Coast 2007 AQMP does not directly address CAA section 182(e)(3) requirements for 8

- hour ozone. However, we have reviewed the provisions in the SIP which affect applicable boilers; our review and analysis is described below.

South Coast Rule 1146

. ― Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen from Industrial, Institutional and Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators and Process Heaters, ‖ as revised on November 17, 2000 and approved by EPA on April 8, 2002 (67 FR 16640), regulates emissions from boilers larger than 5 MMBtu/hour burning gaseous or non

- gaseous fuels. The limits in the rule range between 0.036 and 0.052 l b/MMBtu, depending on the size of the boiler and its capacity factor. This limit is lower than the level of emissions expected from uncontrolled natural gas

- fired boilers. Thus, the rule essentially requires all subject boilers to burn fuels that are compa rably low polluting (compared to natural gas combustion) or to use control technologies to achieve emissions levels that are similar to those obtained by burning natural gas, methanol, ethanol, or other comparably low polluting fuels.

South Coast Regulat ion XIII (New Source Review (NSR) Program)

. Regulation XIII (consisting of Rules 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1306, 1309, 1309.1, 1310, and 1313), which EPA has approved into the South Coast portion of the California SIP (see 61 FR 64291, December 4, 1996), app lies to any new or modified boiler proposing to locate in the South Coast that emits or

106 See Alternative Control Techniqu es (ACT) Document

-- NOx Emissions from Industrial/Commercial/Institutional (ICI) Boilers, US EPA 453/R

- 94

- 022 (March 1994).

107 The emissions from uncontrolled boilers burning fuels other than natural gas range between 0.46 to 1.12 lb/MMBtu ( coal ) and betwe en 0.08 and 0.79 lb/MMBtu ( oil )

. 1994 ATC at p. 2

- 11

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- Region 9 144 has the potential to emit at least 10 tons per year (tpy) of NOx or VOC, among other sources. See Rules 1301 and 1302. Under Rule 1303, any such boiler is required to employ Best Available Control Technology, which must be at least as stringent as the Lowest Achievable Emissions Rate (LAER) as defined in CAA section 171(3). See Rule 1302(f) and 1303(a). The LAER standard essentially requires, at a minimum, combustion of low

- polluting fuels and/or use of advanced control technologies consistent with the requirements of CAA section 182(e)(3). See CAA 171(3). 108 Accordingly, the SCAQMD‘s SIP

- approved NSR program in Regulation XIII, which establishes LAER

- level control require ments for any new or modified boiler that emits more than 10 tpy of NO X , satisfies the requirements of CAA section 182(e)(3) for each new or modified electric utility and industrial and commercial boiler that emits more than 25 tpy of NO X
. Table I

- 1 above summarizes the status of the rules in SCAQMD‘s NSR program.

As to existing boilers that emit more than 25 tpy of NOx, the District has demonstrated that each such boiler currently operating in the South Coast either burns as its primary fuel natural gas o r a comparably low polluting fuel, or uses advanced control technology such as SCR or another comparably effective control method (e.g., SNCR), in accordance with SIP

- approved requirements such as Rule 1146. See letter, Elaine Chang, DrPH, Deputy Executive Officer, SCAQMD, to Elizabeth Adams, Deputy Director, Air Division, EPA Region 9, dated August 23, 2011.

CARB has previously submitted SIP revisions for the South Coast Air Basin addressing the clean fuels for boilers requirement under section 182(e)(3 ) for the 1

- hour ozone standard. See 61 FR 57775 (November 8, 1996) for EPA‘s approval of the rule submitted to satisfy the CAA section 182(e)(3) requirement in the South Coast 1

- hour ozone nonattainment area

.

8 . CAA Section 185 Fee Program

CAA sectio n 182(d)(3) requires that ozone nonattainment areas classified severe and
extreme to submit a SIP revision that includes a CAA section 185 fee program. The fee program applies if an area fails to attain the ozone standard by its applicable attainment date. For each such area, section 185 requires each major stationary source of VOC and NO x to pay an annual fee for emissions in excess of 80 percent of the emissions baseline. The fee is $5,000 (as adjusted for inflation) per ton of VOC and NO x emissions that are in excess of the baseline. The CAA states that the computation of a source‘s ― baseline amount ‖ must be the lower of the amount of actual or allowable emissions under the permit applicable to the source (or if no permit has been issued for the attainm ent year, the amount of VOC and NO x emissions allowed under the applicable implementation plan) during the attainment year. The fee is required for each calendar year beginning after the attainment date and continuing until the area is redesignated to
att ainment although no source is required to pay any fee for emissions during a year for which the area receives an extension of their attainme nt date under section 181(a)(5).

108 Section 171(3) of the CAA defines LAER, in relevant part, as ―that rate of emissions which reflects

– (A) the most stringent emission limitation which is contained in the implementation plan of any S tate for such class or category of source, unless the owner or operator of the proposed source demonstrates that such limitations are not achievable, or (B) the most stringent emission limitation which is achieved in practice by such class or category of

s ource, whichever is more stringent.‖TSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 145 While the requirements of section 185 apply to severe and extreme 8

- hour ozone

nona ttainment areas, states are not yet require to implement CAA section 185 fee programs for the 1997 8

- hour ozone standard. Summary of Status of Other CAA Requirements Applicable to Extreme Ozone Nonattainment Areas

Table I

- 2 summarizes the status of the C AA requirements applicable to extreme ozone nonattainment areas discussed in this section of the TSD.



### Table I

- 2

. Summary of Status of Other CAA Requirements Applicable to

Extreme Ozone Nonattainment Areas

CAA Requirement EPA Action
Enhanced Inspection and Maintenance Program Approved 75 FR 38023, July 1, 2010
Reformulated Gasoline Program Approved 75 FR 26633, May 12, 2010

New Source Review Rule Approved December 4 , 1996, 61 FR 64291

, March 19, 1999, 64 FR 13514

, and June 19, 2006, 71 FR 35157

C lean

- Fuel Vehicle Program Opt

- out approved, 64 FR 46849, August 27, 1999

Gasoline Vapor Recovery SCAQMD Rule 461

– approved April 11, 2006, see 71 FR 18216) ; SCAQMD Rule 462

– approved July 21, 1999, see 64 FR 39037
Enhanced Ambient Air Quality Monit oring Approved SCAQMD 2009 Network Plan on November 10, 2010

Clean Fuels for Boilers SC Rule 1146 approved April 8, 2002 (67 FR 16640 ) ; NSR program approvals

listed in Table I

- 1 CAA Section 185 Fee Program Not yet required to be submittedTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 146



### Appendix A

– CARB Rules and MeasuresTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 147

A

. Complete List of State Measures

Appendix Table A

- 1 is a list of all measures adopted by CARB from 1990 until the end of 2006. This period covers the 18 years prior to the development of the 2007 State Strategy and the South Coast 2007 AQMP. The table should include any substantive rules that would still be generating emissions reductions in the South Coast nonattainment area during the 2002

- 2014 period co vered by the Plan and thus reflected in the baseline for the Plan. This list does not include the limits on pesticide emissions adopted by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation nor the State‘s inspection and maintenance program adopted by the C alifornia Bureau of Automotive Repair. Measures that are categorized as Not Applicable are either solely administrative (e.g., permit fees, state ambient air quality standards), do not address particulate matter or a PM 2.5 attainment plan precursor in the South Coast nonattainment area (e.g ., asbestos air toxic control measure), or otherwise do not affect emissions in the South Coast nonattainment area (e.g., test methods).

Appendix Table A

- 1



### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Antiperspirant/Deodorants

. . T 17, CCR, 94500

- 94506 11/09/89 Consumer products

Transported Pollutants (Ozone)

. . T 17, CCR, 70500 12/04/89 Not applicable

Emission Control System Warranty

. . T 13, CCR, 2035

- 2041, 1977 12/14/89 On

- road

Non

- vehicular Test Methods . . T 17, CCR, 94002, 94003 17, &26, 94146

- 94149, 94132, 94135, 94139, 94140 01/11/90 Not applicable

Certification Procedure for Aftermarket Parts. VC 27156 & 38391 02/08/90 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measu re for Asbestos in Surfacing Applications

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 93106 04/12/90 Not applicable

Test Method for Asbestos in Serpentine Aggregate

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 94147, Method 435 04/12/90 Not applicable

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90704, 93300

- 93347 05/10/90 Not applicable

Airborne Air Toxic Measure for Ethylene Oxide from Sterilizers & Aerators

. . T 17, CCR, 93108 05/10/90 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 148 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. . T 17, CCR, 90800.1, 90800, 90 802

- 90803 05/10/90 Not applicable

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissions Invento ry Criteria and Guidelines

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 93300

- 93347 06/14/90 Not applicable

Consumer Products Regulations for the BAAQMD

. . T 17, CCR, 94520

- 94526 06/14/90 Consumer products

Criteria for Area Designations for the State Ambient Air Quality Standard

. . T 17, CCR, 70303 & 70304 06/14/90 Not applicable

Emission Standards for Medium Duty Vehicles

. . T 13, CCR, 1900, 1956.8, 1960.1, 1968.1, 2061, 2112, 2139 06/14/90 On

- road

Wint ertime Limits for Sulfur in Diesel Fuel

. . T 13, CCR, 2255 06/21/90 Fuels

Dioxins Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Medical Waste Incinerators

. . T 17, CCR, 93104 07/12/90 Not applicable

Emission s Reduction Accounting Procedures for California Clean Air Act

. . T 17, CCR, 70700

- 70704 07/12/90 Not applicable

Identification of Inorganic Arsenic as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 07/12/90 Not applicable

Evaporative Emission Standards

. . T 13, CCR, 1976 08/09/90 On

- road

Transport Mitigati on Regulations

. . T 17, CCR, 70600

- 70601 08/09/90 Not applicable

Air Toxic Fee Schedule & Emissions Inventory Criteria and Guidelines

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90704, 93300

- 93347 09/13/90 Not applicable

California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG), Phase I

. . T 13, CCR, 2251.5 09/27/90 Fuels

Low Emission Vehicles and Clean Fuels

. . T 13, CCR, 1900, 1904, 1956.8, 1960.1, 1960.1.5, 1960.5 and 2111, 2112, 2125, and 2139, 2061. 09/28/90 On

- road

Identification of Trichloroethylene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 10/11/90 Not applicable

Phase I

- Consumer Products

. . T 17, CCR, 94507

- 94517 10/11/90 Consumer productsTSD for the P roposed Approval

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- Region 9 149 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Controls for Abrasive Blasting

. . T 17, CCR, 92000, 92200, 92400, 98500, 98510, 92520, 92530 11/08/90 Not applicable

Heavy Dut y Diesel Smoke Emission Testing

. . T 13, CCR, 2180

- 2187 11/08/90 On

- road

Revision to Designation Criteria . . T 17, CCR, 60200

- 60204, 60208 11/08/90 Not applicable

Identification of Vinyl Chloride as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 11/13 /90 Not applicable

Conflict of Interest Code

. . T 17, CCR, 95001, et. seq. 12/13/90 Not applicable

Emission Standards for Utility and Lawn and Garden Engines

. . T 17, CCR, 2400 et. seq. 12/13/90 Off

- road

Identification of Chloroform as a Toxic Air Conta minant

.

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 12/13/90 Not applicable

Limit on Aromatic Content of Diesel Fuel

. . T 13, CCR, 2256 12/13/90 Fuels

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. . T 17, CCR, 90800.2, 90801, 90803 02/24/91 Not applicable

Acid Deposit ion Fee Regulations

. . T 17, CCR, 90621.2, 90620, 90622 04/11/91 Not applicable

Non

- Vehicular Test Methods . . T 17, CCR, 94131, 94132, 94142 04/11/91 Not applicable

Administrative Hearing Procedures

. . T 17, CCR, 60075.1, 60075.47 05/09/91 Not applicabl e

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. . T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 06/13/91 Not applicable

Agricultural Burning Guidelines

. T 17, 80130, 80150, 80250, 80260, 80290 07/11/91 Not applicable

Identification of Metallic & Inorganic Nickel Compounds

as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, 93000 08/08/91 Not applicable

Onboard Diagnostics for Light

- Duty Trucks and Light & Medium

- Duty Motor Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1977, 1968.1 09/12/91 On

- road

Identification of Perchloroethylene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 10/10/91 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 150 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

State Ambient Air Quality Standard for SO 2 . T 17, CCR, 70100, 70200, 70201 10/10/91 Not applicable

Onboard Diagnostic, Phase II

. T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 1977 11/12/91 On

- road

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60200 , 60209 11/14/91 Not applicable
Low Emission Vehicles amendments revising reactivity adjustment factor (RAF) provisions and adopting a RAF for M85 transitional low emission vehicles . T 13, CCR, 1960.1 11/14/91 On

- road

California Reformulated Gasoline, Ph ase II

. T 13, CCR, 2250, 2255.1, 2252, 2260

- 2272, 2295 11/21/91 Fuels

Wintertime Gasoline Program

. T 13, CCR, 2258, 2298, 2251.5, 2296 11/21/91 Fuels

Specifications for Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuel

. T 13, & 26, CCR, 2290, 2291, 2292.1, 2292.2, 2292.3 , 229 2.5 , 2292.6, 2292.7, 1960.1(k), 1956.8(b), 1956.8(d) 12/12/91 Fuels

Heavy Duty Diesel Cycle Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2420

- 2427 01/09/92 Off

- road

Phase II

- Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94502, 94505, 94514, 94503.5, 94506, 94507

- 94513, 94515 01/ 09/92 Consumer products

Identification of Formaldehyde as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 03/12/92 Not applicable

Specifications for Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuels

. T 13, & 26, CCR, 2290

- 2292.7, 1960.1(k), 1956.8(b), 1956.8(d) 03/12/92 O n

- road

Atmospheric Acidity Protection Fees

. T 17, CCR, 90621.3 04/09/92 Not applicable

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.3, 90803 04/09/92 Not applicable

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 70303, 70304 05/14/92 N ot applicable

Standards and Test Procedures for Alternative Fuel Retrofit Systems

. T 13, CCR, 2030, 2031 05/14/92 On

- road

Transported Air Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500 05/28/92 Not applicable
Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90701, 90704, 90705 07/09/92 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 151 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Identification of 1.3 Butadiene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 07/09/92 Not applicable

Phase 2 RFG certification fuel specifications

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1, 1956.8(d) 08/13/92 On

- road

CFC Refrigerant s in Air Conditioning Systems . T 13, CCR, 2500 09/10/92 Not applicable

Substitute Fuel or Clean Fuel Incorporated Test Procedures

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1(k), 2317 11 /12/92 On

- road

Notice of General Public Interest for Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94507

- 945 17 11/30/92 Consumer products

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Emission of Toxic Metals from Non

- Ferrous Metal Melting

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93107 12/10/92 Not applicable

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 70303.5, 60200

- 60203, 60205, 70303 12/10/9 2 Not applicable

Smoke Self Inspection Program for Heavy Duty Diesel & Gasoline Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2190

- 2194, 2180

- 2187, 1956.8(b) 12/10/92 On

- road

Certification Requirements for Low Emission Passenger Cars, Light

- Duty Trucks & Medium Duty Vehicles

. T 1 3, CCR, 1960.1, 1976, 2061, 1900 01/14/93 On

- road

Transport Mitigation Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 70600, 70601 03/11/93 Not applicable

1

- year Implementation Delay in Emission Standards for Utility Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2400, 2403

- 2407 04/08/93 Off

- road

Acid Deposition Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90622, 90621.4 04/08/93 Not applicable

Identification of Federal Hazardous Air Pollutants as Toxic Air Contaminants

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93001, 39665, 39666 04/08/93 Not applicable

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicu lar Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.4, 90803 04/08/93 Not applicable

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissions Inventory Criteria and Guidelines

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93300

- 93347 06/10/93 Not applicable

Urban Transit Buses . T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1965, 2112 06/10/93 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 152 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

A ir Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 07/08/93 Not applicable

Onboard Diagnostic, Phase II . T 13, CCR, 1968.1 07/09/93 On

- road

Mitigation Transport Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500, 70600 08/12/93 Not applicable

Wintertime Oxyge nate Program

. T 13, CCR, 2258, 2251.5, 2263(b), 2267, 2298, 2259, 2283, 2293.5 09/09/93 Fuels

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93109, 93110 10/14/93 Not applicable

Diesel Fuel Regulations

- Emergency

. T 13, CCR, 2281(h), 2282(1) 10/15/93 Fuels

Conflict of Interest

. T 17, CCR, 90500 11/18/93 Not applicable

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60200

- 60202, 60204, 60206, 60208, 70300

- 70306 11/18/93 Not applicable

Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 2410

- 2414, 2111

- 2140 01/03/94 Off

- road

Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures

. T 13, CCR, 1976 02/10/94 On

- road

SCAQMD's RECLAIM Consideration 03/10/94 Stationary Sources
Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.5, 90803 04/14/94 Not applicable

Predictive Model for Phase II CaRFG

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262

- 2270 06/09/94 Fuels

Small Refiner Diesel

. T 13, CCR, 2282(e)(1) 07/24/94 Fuels
Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 07/28/9 4 Not applicable

Utility and Lawn and Garden Equipment Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2403(c), 11(a)(1)(I)(ii), 4(a)(1)(I)(ii) 07/28/94 Off

- road

Alternative Control Plan for Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94540

- 94555 09/22/94 Consumer products

Diesel Fuel Certifica tion

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b)&(d), 1960.1(k), 2292.6 09/22/94 Fuels

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60204 11/09/94 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 153 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Self Inspection Program for Heavy Duty Diesel & Gasoline Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2190

- 2194, 2180

- 2187, 1956.8(b) 11/09/94 On

- r oad

Onboard Diagnostics, Phase II

. T 13, CCR,1963.1, & Certification Procedures 12/08/94 On

- road

Periodic Smoke Inspection Program

. T 13, CCR, 2190 12/08/94 On

- road

Specification for Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuels (M100)

. T 13 CCR, 2292.1 12/08/94 Fue ls

Aerosol Coating Products and Alternative Control Plan

. T 17, CCR, 94520

- 94528, 94540

- 94543, 94547... 03/23/95 Consumer products

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.6, 90803 04/27/95 Not applicable

Employee

- Based Trip Re ductions Emission Formula

. T 13, CCR, 2330, 2331, 2332 06/29/95 Not applicable

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems . T 17, CCR, 94010

- 94015, 94150

- 94160, 94000

- 94004, 94007. 06/29/95 Vapor Recovery

Heavy Duty Vehicle Exhaust Emission Standards

. T 13, CCR, 195 6.8 and incorporate test procedures. 06/29/95 On

- road

Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1976, 1978 and incorporate test procedures 06/29/95 On

- road

Test Method for Oxygen in Gasoline

. T 13, CCR, 2251.5(c), 2258(c), 2263(b) 06/29/95 F uels

Retrofit Emission Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1956.9, 2030, 2031, and incorporate test procedures 07/27/95 On

- road

Antiperspirants and Deodorants, Consumer Products, and Aerosol Coating Products

. T 17, CCR, 94500

- 94506, 94508, 94521 09/28/95 Consumer prod ucts

Low Emission Vehicle Standards 3 (LEV 3)

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1960.1, 1965, 2101, 2061, 2062, and incorporate test procedures 09/28/95 On

- road

Test Methods for CaRFG 13, CCR, 2263(b) 10/26/95 FuelsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 154 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Required Additives in Gasoline (Deposit Control Add itives)

. T 13, CCR, 2257 and incorporates testing procedures. 11/16/95 Fuels

CaRFG Housekeeping & CARBOB

. T 13, CCR, 2263.7, 2266.5, 2260, 226 2.5 , 2264, 2265, 2272 12/14/95 Fuels

Exemption of Military Tactical Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1905, 2400, 2420 12/14/ 95 On Road/Off Road

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR, 90700

- 90705 and Appendix A 01/25/96 Not applicable

CaRFG Variance Requirements

. T 13, CCR, 2271 (Emergency) 01/25/96 Fuels

Relaxation of Carbon Mo nox ide Emission Standards for Utility Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2403 and incorporating test procedures 01/25/96 Off

- road

Postpone Zero Emission Vehicle Requirements

. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1960.1, 1976 03/28/96 On

- road

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90803, 90800.7 04/25/96 Not applicable

Basin Boundaries for Agricultural Burning (Mojave Desert, South Coast & Salton Sea)

. T 17, CCR, 60104, 60109, 60114, 80280, 80311 05/30/96 Not applicable

Regulation Improvement and Repeal

. T 17, CCR, 93301

- 93355, Appendix A

- E ( emissions i nvento ry) 05/30/96 Not applicable

Regulation Improvements and Repeals (fuel additives)

. T 13, CCR, 2201, 2202 05/30/96 Fuels

Emissions Inventory Criteria & Guideline Report

. T 17, CCR, 93300.5 07/25/96 Not applicable

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulati on

. T 17, CCR, 90701

- 90705 Appendix A to §§ 90700

- 90705 09/26/96 Not applicable

Stationary Source Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94105, 94107, 94114, 94135, 94141, 94143, 94161 09/26/96 Not applicable

Wintertime Requirements for Utility Engines & Off

Highway V ehicles

. T 13, CCR, 2403 09/26/96 Off

- road

Diesel Fuel Certification Test Methods

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b), 1960.1(k), 2281(c), 2282(b), (c) and (g) 10/24/96 Fuels

Diesel Fuel Test Methods

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b), 1960.1(k), 2281(c), 2282(b), (c) and (g) 10/ 24/96 FuelsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 155 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Antiperspirants and Deodorants, Consumer Products, Aerosol Coating Products (ARB Test Method 310)

. T 17, CCR, 94506(a), 94515(a), 94526 11/21/96 Consumer products

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60201

- 60209 11/21/96 Not applicable

Consumer Pro ducts and Aerosol Coating Products Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94508

- 94515, 99517, 94321 11/21/96 Consumer products

Transport Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500, 70600 11/21/96 Not applicable
Onboard Diagnostics, Phase II, Technical Status

. T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 2030, 2031 12/12/96 On

- road

Consumer Products (Hair Spray) Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94509, 94513, 94514 03/27/97 Consumer products

Liquefied Petroleum Gas Propane Limit Specification Delay

. T 13, CCR, 2292.6 03/27/97 Fuels

Portable Equipment Registration Progr am

. T 13, CCR, 2450

- 2465 03/27/97 Off

- road

Identification of Inorganic Lead as Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC)

. T 17, CCR, 93000 04/24/97 Not applicable

Interchangeable Emission s Reduction Credits

. T 17, CCR, 91500 05/22/97 Not applicable

Postpone Enhanced Evaporative Emission Requirements for Ultra

- Small Volume Vehicle Manufacturers

. T 13, CCR, 1976 and incorporate test procedures 05/22/97 On

- road

Consumer Products (Mid

- Term Measures) Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94513 07/24/97 Consumer products

O ff

- Cycle Emissions Supplemental Federal Test Procedures (SFTPs)

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1, 2101 and incorp orate test procedures 07/24/97 On

- road

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR 90701

- 90705 and Appendix A 11/13/97 Not applicable

Area Designation s. T 17, CCR, 60201 & 60205 11/13/97 Not applicable
Consumer Products (Hairspray Credit Program)

. T 17, CCR, 94502, 94509, 94522, & 94548 11/13/97 Consumer products

Heavy Duty Vehicle Smoke Inspection Program/Periodic Smoke Inspection Program

. T 13, CCR, 2180

- 2188 and 2190

- 2194 12/11/97 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 156 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17,CCR 90800.... 01/29/98 Not applicable

Small Off

- Road Engines (SORE)

. T 13, CCR, 2400,2410

- 2414 03/26/98 Off

- road

Classifying Minor Violations

. T 17, CCR, 60 090

- 60095 04/23/98 Not applicable

Heavy Duty Vehicle Regulations: 2004 Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1965, 2036, 2112 and test procedures 04/23/98 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Chrome Plating . T 17, CCR, 93102 05/21/98 Not applicable

Cleane r Burning Gasoline Model Flexibility

. T 13, CCR, Sections 2260, 2262.1, 2262.3, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.7 and 2265 08/27/98 Fuels

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems . T 17, CCR, 94010

- 94015 and 94150, 94156, 94157, 94158, 94159, 94160, 94162 08/27/98 Vap or Recovery

Identification of Diesel Exhaust as a Toxic Air Contaminant . T 17, CCR, 93000 08/27/98 Not applicable

Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Regulation

. T 13, CCR, 2257, and incorporating test procedures 09/24/98 Fuels

Air Toxics ― Hot Spots ‖ Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90701

- 90705 and Appendix A 10/22/98 Not applicable

Area Designations and Criteria for the National and State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 60301, 60202, 60205, 60206, 70300

- 70306, 70303.1 10/22/98 Not applica ble

Large Off

- Road Spark

- Ignition Engine Regulations

. T 13, CCR, 2430 et seq., and 2411

- 2414 10/22/98 Off

- road

Stationary Source Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94101

- 94104, 94106, 94108

- 94113, 941T 17

- 94124, 94137 and revision of Method 12. 10/22/98 Not applicable

Low Emission Vehicles Standards (LEV 2) and Compliance Assurance Program (CAP 2000)

. T 13, CCR,1961 & 1962 (both new); 1900, 1960.1, 1965, 1968.1, 1976, 1978, 2037, 2038, 2062, 2101, 2106, 2107, 2110, 2112, 2114, 2119, 2130, 2137

- 2140, 2143

- 214 8 11/05/98 On

- road

Aftermarket Parts for Off

- Road Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2470

- 2476 11/19/98 Off

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 157 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Consumer Products

- LVP

- VOC Definitions And Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94506, 94506.5, 94508(a)(78), 94515 and 94526, and the amendment of ARB Method 310 11/1 9/98 Consumer products

Consumer Products, Aerosol Coatings & Antiperspirants and Deodorants

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94508, 94521, 94522, and 94524 11/19/98 Consumer products

1997 & Later Model Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles and Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2410

- 241 4, 2415 12/10/98 Off

- road

Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 Marine Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2440 et seq 12/10/98 Off

- road

Exhaust Standards for (On

- Road) Motorcycles

. T 13, CCR, 1958 12/10/98 On

- road

Revisions to Statewide Portable Equipment Re gistration Program

. T 13, CCR, 2450

- 2463 12/10/98 Off

- road

Voluntary Accelerated Light Duty Vehicle Retirement Regulations

. T 13, CCR, 2600

- 2610 12/10/98 On

- road

Cleaner Burning Gasoline (Increasing the Oxygen Content)

. T 13, CCR, sections 226 2.5 (b) and 2265(a)(2) 12/11/98 Fuels

Specifications for Liquid Petroleum Gas Used as a Motor Vehicle Fuel

. T 13, CCR, 2292.6 12/11/98 Fuels

Cleaner Burning Gasoline, Oxygen Requirement for Wintertime In Lake Tahoe Area/Gas Pump Labeling for MTBE . T 13, CCR, 226 2.5 , and 2273 06/24/99 Fuels

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T 17, CCR, 94011, 94153, 94155, and incorporated test procedures, CP

- 201, TP

- 201.4, and TP

- 201.6 06/24/99 Vapor Recovery

Clean Fuels Regulation Requirements

. T 13, CCR, sections 2300

- 2317, and 23 03.5, 2311.5 07/22/99 On

- road

Portable Container Spillage Control Measure

. T 13, CCR, 2470

- 2478 09/23/99 Off

- road

Administrative Hearing Procedures

. T 17, CCR, 60040 and 60075.1

- 60075.45 10/22/99 Not applicable

California Consumer Products Regulation Mi d

- Term Measures II

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, and 94513 10/28/99 Consumer products

Area Designations for State Ambient Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201 11/18/99 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 158 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendments (Phase out of MTBE, standards, predictive model )

. T 13, CCR, 2260, 2261, 2262.1, 226 2.5 , 2263, 2264, 2264.2, 2265, 2266 etc... 12/09/99 Fuels

Off

- Road Compression Ignition Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2111, 2112, 2137, 2139, 2140, 2141, 2144, 2400, 2401, 2403, 2420, 2421, 2423

- 2427, & appendix A to article 2.1. 01/27/00 Off

- road

Transit Bus Standards . T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956.3, 1956.4, 1956.8, 1965 02/24/00 On

- road

Agricultural Burning Guidelines

. T 17 Amendments 80145, 80T 179, 80100

- 80102, 80110, 80120, 80130, 80140, 80150, 80155, 80160, 80T 170, 8018 0, 80200, 80210, 80230, 80240, 80250, 80260, 80270, 80280, 80290, 80300, 80310, 80311, 80320, 80330 03/23/00 Not applicable

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems (Emergency Filing CP

- 201, section 18) . T 17, CCR, 94011 03/23/00 Vapor Recovery

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems (In Station Diagnostics and Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery)

. T 17, CCR, 94011 03/23/00 Vapor Recovery

Air Toxic Control Measure for Chlorinated Toxic Air Contaminants from Automotive Maintenance and Repair Facilities

. T 1 7, CCR, 93111 04/27/00 Other

Consumer Products Aerosol Adhesives Control Measure

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94512, 94513 05/25/00 Consumer products

Aerosol ( Paint) Coatings Products

. T 17, CCR, 94700, 94701, 94521

- 94524, 94526 06/22/00 Consumer products

Air Toxic Control Measure for Asbestos Containing Serpentine

. T 17, CCR, 93106 07/20/00 Not applicable

Conflict of Interest Code

. T 17, CCR, 95001, 95002, 95005, and subchapter 9 09/28/00 Not applicable

Rice Straw Conditional Burn Permit Program

. T 17, C CR, 80101, 80156

- 80158 09/28/00 Not applicable

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90705 tables 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c, and 4 10/26/00 Not applicable

Antiperspirant and Deodorant Reg ulations. T 17, CCR, 94502, 94504 10/26/00 Consumer products

Area Designations for the State Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 60201 11/16/00 Not applicableTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 159 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

CaRFG Phase 3 Follow

- up Amendments

. T 13, CCR, sections 2260, 2261, 2262.3, 226 2.5 , 2263, 2264, 2265, 2266, 2266.5, 2270, 2272, 2273, 2282, 22 96, 2297, 2262.9 and incorporated test procedures 11/16/00 Fuels

CaRFG Phase 3 Test Methods . T 13, CCR, sections 2263(b) 11/16/00 Fuels

Heavy Duty Diesel Engines "Not

- to

- Exceed (NTE)" Test Procedures

. T 13 CCR, 1956.8, 2065 12/07/00 On

- road

Light

- and Me dium Duty Low Emission Vehicle Alignment with Federal Standards

. Exhaust Emission Standards for Heavy Duty Gas Engines . T 13, CCR, 1956.8 &1961 12/07/00 On

- road

Zero Emission Vehicle Regulation Update

. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1960.1(k), 1961, 1962 & incorporated Test Procedure 01/25/01 On

- road

Ozone Transport Assessment

. T 17, CCR, 70500 & 70600 04/26/01 Not applicable

Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure and Standardization of Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment

. T 13, CCR, 1900(b), 1962(b) 1962.1 06/28/01 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Asbestos from Construction, Grading, Quarrying, and Surface Mining

. T 17, CCR, 93105 07/26/01 Not applicable

Marine Inboard Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2111, 2112, 2139, 2140, 2147, 2440

- 2442, 2443.1

- 2443.3, 2444, 2445.1, 2445.2, 2446, 2444.2 and incorporation of documents by reference 07/26/01 Off

- road

Air Toxic Control Measures for Auto and Mobile Equip Refinishing Coatings containing Hexavalent Chromium and Cadmium Compounds

. T 17, CCR, 93112 09/20/01 Not applicable

A ir Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR, 90700

- 90705 10/25/01 Not applicable

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Test Methods and Compliance Procedures . T 17, CCR, 94010, 94011, 94153, 94155, 94163, 94164, 94165 & incorporated procedures 10/25/01 Vapo r Recovery

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Standards for 2007 and Later

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8 and incorporated test procedures 10/25/01 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 160 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Distributed Generation Guidelines and Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 94200

- 94214 11/15/01 Other

Gasoline Vapor Recovery System s Defects . T 17, CCR, 94006 and incorporated document. 11/15/01 Vapor Recovery

Low Emission Vehicle Regulations

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1,1960.5, 1961, 1962 and incorp o ra te test procedures and guidelines 11/15/01 On

- road

California Motor Vehicle Service Informa tion Rule

. T 13&17, CCR, 1969 & 60060.1

- 60060.7 12/13/01 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Outdoor Residential Waste Burning

. T 17, CCR, 93113 02/21/02 Other

Voluntary Accelerated Light Duty Vehicle Retirement Regulations . T 13, CCR, 2601

- 2605 , 2606 & appendices C & D, and 2607

- 2610 02/21/02 On

- road

On

- Board Diagnostic II Review Amendments . T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 1968.2, 1968.5 04/25/02 On

- road

Diesel Retrofit Verification Procedure, Warranty and In

Use Compliance Requirements . T 13, CCR, 2700

- 27 10 05/16/02 On

- road

Review of California Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter and Sulfates

. T 17, CCR, 70100,70200, and 70100.1 06/20/02 Not applicable

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendments

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.9, 2266 .5, 2269, 2271, 2272, 2265, and 2296 07/25/02 Fuels

Revision to Transit Bus Regulations Amendments . T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956.4,1956.8, and 2112, & documents incorporated by reference 10/24/02 On

- road

Administrative Civil Penalties Program

. T 17, C CR, 60065.1

- 60065.45 and 60075.1

- 60075.45 12/12/02 Not applicable

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate from School Bus Idling . T 13, CCR, 2480 12/12/02 On

- road

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendmen ts (specifications for De Minimi s Levels of Oxygenat es and MTBE Phase Out Issues)

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262.6, 2263, 2266.5, 2272, 2273, 2260, 2273.5 12/12/02 FuelsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 161 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Test Procedures . T 17, CCR, 94010, 94011, 94163, 94164, and 94165 and procedures incorporated by reference, and 9 4166, 94167, and incorporation by reference. 12/12/02 Vapor Recovery

Low Emission Vehicles II

. Align Heavy Duty Gas Engine Standards with Federal Standards; minor administrative changes . T 13, CCR, 1961, 1965, 1956.8, 1956.1, 1978, 2065 and documents inco rporated by reference 12/12/02 On

- road

Zero Emission Vehicle Amendments for 2003 . T 13, CCR, 1960.1(k), 1961(a) and (d), 1900, 1962, and documents incorporated by reference 03/25/03 On

- road

Ozone Transport Mitigation Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 70600 and 706 01 05/22/03 Not applicable

Off

- Highway Recreation Vehicles

. T13, CCR, 2415 07/24/03 Off

- road
Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.75, 90800.9, 90804, 90800.8, 90801, 90802, and 90803 07/24/03 Not applicable

Specifications f

or Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel

. T 13 & T 17, CCR, 1961, 2281, 2282, 2701, 2284, 2285, 93114, and incorporated test procedure 07/24/03 Fuels

Solid Waste Collection Vehicles . T 13, CCR, 2020, 2021, 2021.1, 2021.2 09/24/03 On

- road

Small Off

- Road Engines (SORE )

. T 13, CCR, 2400

- 2409, 2405.1, 2405.2, 2405.3, 2750

- 2754, 2754.1, 2754.2, 2755

- 2767, 2767.1, 2768

- 2773 and the documents incorporated by reference 09/25/03 Off

- road

Revised Tables of Maximum Incremental Reactivity Values

. T 1, CCR, 94700. 12/03/03 Consu mer products

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate for Transport Refrigeration Units . T 13, CCR, 2022 & 2477 12/11/03 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines

. T 17, CCR 93115 & documents incorp or ate by reference 12/11/03 Other

Diesel Retrofit Verification Procedure, Warranty and In

Use Compliance Requirements (Amendments)

. T 13, CCR, 2701

- 2707 & 2709 12/11/03 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 162 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Area Designation Criteria and Area Designations for State PM 2.5 and Ozone Ambi ent Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, 60210 01/22/04 Not applicable

CA Motor Vehicle Service Information Rule

. T 13, CCR, 1969 01/22/04 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel

- Fueled Portable Engines

. T 17, CCR,93116, 93116 .1, 93116.2, 93116.3, 93116.4, and 93116.5 02/26/04 Off

- road

Modifications to the Statewide Portable Equipment Registration Program (PERP) Regulations

. T 13, CCR Amendments to 2450

- 2465, and repeal of 2466 02/26/04 Off

- road

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

- Chip Reflash

. T 13, CCR, 2011, 2180.1, 2181, 2184, 2185, 2186, 2192, and 2194 03/27/04 On

- road

Engine Manufacturer Diagnostic System Requirements for 2007 and Subsequent Model Heavy Duty Engines

. T 13, CCR, 1971 05/20/04 On

- road

Consumer Products & Methods 3 10/ATCM for Para

Dicholorobenzene

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94506, 94507, 94508, 94509, 94510, 94512, 94513, 94515, and 94526, and ARB Method 310, which is incorporated by reference 06/24/04 Consumer products

Urban Bus Engines/Fleet Rule for Transit Agencies

. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956.3, and 1956.4, 06/24/04 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate from Diesel Fueled Commercial Vehicle Idling

. T 13, CCR, 2485 07/22/04 On

- road

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems at Dispensing Facilities. Emergency Filing

. T 17, CCR, 94011 07/22/04 Vapor Recovery

Unihose Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T17, CCR, 94011 07/22/04 Vapor Recovery

Gasoline Vapor Recovery System Equipment Defects List . T 17, CCR, 94006(b) & incorporated document 08/24/04 Vapor Recovery

Greenhouse Gas

. T 13, CCR, 1961.1, 1900, 1961 and Incorporated Test Procedures 09/23/04 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 163 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

California Reformulated Gasoline, Phase 3

. T 13, CCR, 2260, 2262, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.9, 2263, 2265 (and the incorporated ―California Proce dures‖), and 2266.5 11/18/04 Fuels

Diesel Fuel Standards for Harbor C raft & Locomotives

. T 13, CCR, 2299, 2281, 2282, and 2284, and T 17, CCR, 93117 11/18/04 Fuels

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Extension

. T 17, CCR, 94011 and certification pr ocedure 11/18/04 Vapor Recovery

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources . T 17, CCR 90805 and 90806; and 90800.8 and 90803 11/18/04 Not applicable

Emergency Regulation for Temporary Delay of Diesel Fuel Lubricity Standard

. T 13, CCR, 2284 11/24/04 Fuels

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Hexavalent Chromium and Nickel from Thermal Spraying

. T 17, CCR, 9310 2.5 12/09/04 Not applicable

Off

- Road Compression Ignition Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2420, 2421, 2423, 2424, 2425, 2427 12/09/04 Off

- road

Area Design ations

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, 60210 01/20/05 Not applicable

Transit Fleet Rule

. T 13, CCR, 2023, 2023.1, 2023.2, 2023.3, 2023.4, 1956.1, 2020, 2021, repeal 1956.2, 1956.3, 1956.4 02/24/05 On

- road

State Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 70100, 70100.1, and 70200 04/28/05 Not applicable

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines (amendments) . T 17, CCR, 93115 05/26/05 Other

Definition of Large Confined Animal Facility

. T 17, CCR 86500 and 86501 0 6/23/05 Not applicable

On

- Board Diagnostic System Requirements for 2010 and Subsequent Model

- Year Heavy

- Duty Engines (HD OBD)

. T 13, CCR, 1971.1 07/21/05 On

- road

Reid Vapor Pressure Limit

. Emergency Rule

. T 13, CCR, 2262 and 2262.4 08/08/05 FuelsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 164 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

2007

- 2 009 Model

- Year Heavy Duty Urban Bus Engines and the Fleet Rule for Transit Agencies

. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, and 1956.8 09/15/05 On

- road

Portable Fuel Containers (PFC) [Part 2 of 2]

. T 13, CCR 2467.2, 2467.3, 2467.4, 2467.5, 2467.6, 2467.7; repeal of 2 467.8, and adoption of new 2467.8 and 2467.9. 09/15/05 Off road

Portable Fuel Containers (PFC) [Part 1 of 2] . T 13, CCR, 2467 and 2467.1 09/15/05 Off road

Requirements to Reduce Idling Emissions from New and In

- Use Trucks, Beginning in 2008

. T 13, CCR section1956.8 and the incorporated document 10/20/05 On

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Cruise Ships Onboard Incineration . T 17, CCR, 93119 11/17/05 Off road

Marine Inboard Sterndrive Engines

. T 13 CCR 2111, 2112, 2441, 2442, 2444.2, 2445.1, 2446 , 2447, and incorporated document 11/17/05 Off

- road

Auxiliary Diesel Engines and Diesel

- Electric Engines Operated on Ocean

- Going Vessels within California Waters and 24 Nautical Miles of the California Baseline

. T 13, CCR, 2299.1 and T 17, CCR, 93118 12/0 8/05 Off

- road

Diesel Particulate Matter Control Measure for On

- Road Heavy

- Duty Diesel

- Fueled Vehicles Owned or Operated by Public Agencies and Utilities

. T 13, CCR, 2022 and 2022.1 12/08/05 On

- road

Mobile Cargo Handling Equipment at Ports and Intermodal Rail Yards

. T 13, CCR, 2479 12/08/05 Off

- road

AB1009 Heavy

- Duty Vehicle Smoke Inspection Program

. T 13, CCR, 2180, 2180.1, 2181, 2182, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2186, 2187, and 2188, 2189 01/26/06 On

- road

Identification of Tobacco Smoke as a Toxic Air Contaminan t

. T 17, CCR, 93000 01/26/06 Not applicable

Diesel Verification Procedure, Warranty & In

- Use

. T 13, CCR, 2702, 2703, 2704, 2706, 2707, and 2709. 03/23/06 On

- road

Technical Amendments to Evaporative Exhaust and Evaporative Emissions Test Procedures

. T 13, CCR, 1961,1976 and 1978. 05/25/06 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 165 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Fork Lifts and Other Industrial Equipment. (Large Off

Road Spark Ignition Engines > 1 liter) T 13, CCR 2430, 2433, 2434. Adopt 2775, 2775.1, 2775.2, 2780, 2781, 2783, 2784, 2785, 2786, 2787, 2788, and 2789. 05/26 /06 Off

- road

California Motor Vehicle Service Information Rule

. T 13, CCR, 1969 and incorporated documents 06/22/06 On

- road

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T 17 CCR 94011 and incorporated certification 06/22/06 Vapor Recovery

Portable Equipment Regist ration Program

. T 13, CCR, 2450, 2451, 2452, 2453, 2454, 2455, 2456, 2457, 2458, 2459, 2460, 2461, 2462, 2463, 2464, and 2465 06/22/06 Off

- road

Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles and Engines . T 13, CCR, 2411

- 2413, 2415 & documents incorporated by reference 07/20/06 Off

- road

Heavy

- Duty In

- Use Compliance Regulation

. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.8, and documents incorporated by reference 09/28/06 On

- road

On

- Board Diagnostic II

. T 13, CCR, 1968.2, 1968.5, 2035, 2037 and 2038 09/28/06 On

- road

Distributed Generatio n Guidelines and Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 94201, 94201.1, 94203, 94204, & 94207

- 942142 10/19/06 Other

Zero Emission Bus Regulation . T 13, CCR, 2023.1, 2023.3, & 2023.4 10/19/06 On

- road

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissions Inventory Criteria and Guidelines

. T 1 7, CCR, 93300.5 and document incorporated by reference 11/16/06 Not applicable

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Cruise Ships and Ocean

- Going Ships Onboard Incineration (amendments)

. T 17, CCR, 93119 11/16/06 Off

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines (amendments, Agricultural Eng. Exemption removal)

. T 17, CCR, 93115.1

- 93115.15.t. 11/16/06 Other

Area Designations for State Ambient Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, & 60210 11/16/06 Not appli cable

Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94510, 94513 & 94523 11/17/06 Consumer productsTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 166 Appendix Table A

- 1 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resource Board 1990 to 2 006

Measure Hearing Date Category

Emergency Regulation for Portable Equipment Registration Program

, Airborne Toxic Control Measures and Portable and Stationary diesel

- Fueled Engines

. T 13, C CR, 2452, 2455, 2456, 2461; T17 CCR 93115, 93116.2, 93116.3 12/06/06 Off

- road

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Chrome Plating and Chromic Acid Anodizing Operations

. T 17, CCR, 93102.1

- 93102.16 12/07/06 Not applicable

Voluntary Accelerated Retirement Re gulation

. T 13, CCR, 2601

- 2610 and appendices A

- D 12/07/06 On

- roadTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 167 

### B

. State Rules that Do Not Address Ozone Precursor s in the South Coast Nonattainment Area

A substantial number of the measures adopted by CARB since 1990 do not affect direct

ozone precursor emissions in the South Coast nonattainment area . These types of measures include fee rules, identification of toxic air contaminants, area boundary designations, and controls for pollutants other than direct PM 2.5 (or PM), NO x , VOC, or SO 2 . Appendix Table A

- 2 provides a list of these measures.

Appendix Table A

- 2



### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Tr ansported Pollutants (Ozone)

. T 17, CCR, 70500 12/04/89 Not an emission s reduction

measure

Non

- vehicular Test Methods . T 17, CCR, 94002, 94003 17, &26, 94146

- 94149, 94132, 94135, 94139, 94140 01/11/90 Not an emission s reduction

measure
Test Method for A sbestos in Serpentine Aggregate

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 94147, Method 435 04/12/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Asbestos in Surfacing Applications

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93106 04/12/90 Not an ozone precursor emissions reducti on measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.1, 90800, 90802

- 90803 05/10/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90704, 93300

- 93347 05/10/90 Not an emissions red uction

measure
Dioxins Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Medical Waste Incinerators

. T 17, CCR, 93104 07/12/90 Air toxics control measure

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissions Inventory Criteria and Guidelines

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93300

- 93347 06/14/90 Not an em issions reduction

measure Criteria for Area Designations for the State Ambient Air Quality Standard

. T 17, CCR, 70303 & 70304 06/14/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Emission s Reduction Accounting Procedures for California Clean Air Act

. T 17, CCR, 7 0700

- 70704 07/12/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Inorganic Arsenic as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 07/12/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure Transport Mitigation Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 70600

- 70601 08/09/90 No t an emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 168 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Air Toxic Fee Schedule & Emissions Invento ry Criteria and Guidelines

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90704, 93300

- 93347 09/13/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Identification of Trichloroethylene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 10/11/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure Revision to Designation Criteria . T 17, CCR, 60200

- 60204, 60208 11/08/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Vinyl Chloride as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93 000 11/13/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Identification of Chloroform as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 12/13/90 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Conflict of Interest Code

. T 17, CCR, 95001, et. seq. 12/13/90 Not an emissions re duction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- V ehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.2, 90801, 90803 02/24/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Non

- Vehicular Test Methods . T 17, CCR, 94131, 94132, 94142 04/11/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure.
Aci d Deposition Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90621.2, 90620, 90622 04/11/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure. Obsolete.
Administrative Hearing Procedures

. T 17, CCR, 60075.1, 60075.47 05/09/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee R egulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 06/13/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure Agricultural Burning Guidelines

. T 17, 80130, 80150, 80250, 80260, 80290 07/11/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Metallic & Inorganic Nickel Compo unds as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, 93000 08/08/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure State Ambient Air Quality Standard for SO 2 . T 17, CCR, 70100, 70200, 70201 10/10/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Perchloroethylene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 10/10/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60200, 60209 11/14/91 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Formaldehyde as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 03/12/92 Not an emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 169 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Atmospheric Acidity Protection Fees

. T 17, CCR, 90621.3 04/09/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.3, 90803 04/09/92 Not an emissions re duction

measure

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 70303, 70304 05/14/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Transported Air Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500 05/28/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 2 6, CCR, 90701, 90704, 90705 07/09/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Identification of 1.3 Butadiene as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93000 07/09/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure CFC Refrigerants in Air Conditioning Systems . T 13, CCR , 2500 09/10/92 Air toxics control measure

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 70303.5, 60200

- 60203, 60205, 70303 12/10/92 Not an emissions reduction

measure Transport Mitigation Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 70600, 70601 03/11/93 Not an emissions reduc tion

measure
Identification of Federal Hazardous Air Pollutants as Toxic Air Contaminants

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93001, 39665, 39666 04/08/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Acid Deposition Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90622, 90621.4 04/08/93 Not an emissio ns reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.4, 90803 04/08/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissions Inventory Criteria and Guidelines

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93300

- 93347 06/10/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 07/08/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure Mitigation Transport Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500, 70600 08/12/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Airborne Tox ic Control Measure for Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 93109, 93110 10/14/93 Air toxics control measure

Conflict of Interest

. T 17, CCR, 90500 11/18/93 Not an emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 170 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Criteria for Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60200

- 6 0202, 60204, 60206, 60208, 70300

- 70306 11/18/93 Not an emissions reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.5, 90803 04/14/94 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, & 26, CCR, 90700

- 90705 07/28/94 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60204 11/09/94 Not an emissions reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.6, 90803 04/27/95 Not an emissions redu ction

measure Employee

- Based Trip Reductions Emission Formula

. T 13, CCR, 2330, 2331, 2332 06/29/95 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR, 90700

- 90705 and Appendix A 01/25/96 Not an emissions reduction

measur e
Relaxation of Carbon Monoxide Emission Standards for Utility Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2403 and incorporating test procedures 01/25/96 Carbon monoxide requirement

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90803, 90800.7 04/25/96 Not an emi ssions reduction

measure Basin Boundaries for Agricultural Burning (Mojave Desert, South Coast & Salton Sea)

. T 17, CCR, 60104, 60109, 60114, 80280, 80311 05/30/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Regulation Improvement and Repeal

. T 17, CCR, 93301

- 933 55, Appendix A

- E ( emissions invento ry) 05/30/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure Emissions Inventory Criteria & Guideline Report

. T 17, CCR, 93300.5 07/25/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR, 90701

- 907 05 Appendix A to §§ 90700

- 90705 09/26/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure Stationary Source Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94105, 94107, 94114, 94135, 94141, 94143, 94161 09/26/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60201

- 60209 1 1/21/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Transport Pollutants

. T 17, CCR, 70500, 70600 11/21/96 Not an emissions reduction

measure Identification of Inorganic Lead as Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC)

. T 17, CCR, 93000 04/24/97 Not an emissions reduction

mea sureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 171 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Interchangeable Emission s Reduction Credits

. T 17, CCR, 91500 05/22/97 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR 90701

- 90705 and Appendix A §§ 90700

- 90705 11/13/97 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Area De signations '97

. T 17, CCR, §§ 60201 & 60205 11/13/97 Not an emissions reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17,CCR 90800.... 01/29/98 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Classifying Minor Violations

. T 17, CCR, 60090

- 60095 04/23/98 Not an emissions reduction

measure Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Chrome Plating . T 17, CCR, 93102 05/21/98 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Identification of Diesel Exhaust as a Toxic Air Contaminant . T 17, CCR, 93000 08/27/98 Not an emi ssions reduction

measure Stationary Source Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94101

- 94104, 94106, 94108

- 94113, 941T 17

- 94124, 94137 and revision of Method 12. 10/22/98 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Administrative Hearing Procedures

. T 17, CCR, 60040 and 60075.1

- 60075.45 10/22/99 Not an emissions reduction

measure Area Designations and Criteria for the National and State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 60301, 60202, 60205, 60206, 70300

- 70306, 70303.1 10/22/98 Not an emissions reductio n

measure

Air Toxics ― Hot Spots ‖ Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90701

- 90705 and Appendix A 10/22/98 Not an emissions reduction

measure Area Designations for State Ambient Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201 11/18/99 Not an emissions reduction

measure Agricultural Burning Guidelines

. T 17 Amendments 80145, 80T 179, 80100

- 80102, 80110, 80120, 80130, 80140, 80150, 80155, 80160, 80T 170, 80180, 80200, 80210, 80230, 80240, 80250, 80260, 80270, 80280, 80290, 80300, 80310, 80311, 80320, 80330 03/23/00 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Air Toxic Control Measure for Asbestos Containing Serpentine

. T 17, CCR, 93106 07/20/00 Air toxics control measure

Conflict of Interest Code

. T 17, CCR, 95001, 95002, 95005, and subchapter 9 09/28/00 Not an emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 17 2 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Rice Straw Conditional Burn Permit Program

. T 17, CCR, 80101, 80156

- 80158 09/28/00 Not a South Coast control measure (Sacramento Valley air basin only) Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 90705 tables 1, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c, and 4 10/26 /00 Not an emissions reduction

measure Area Designations for the State Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 60201 11/16/00 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Ozone Transport Assessment

. T 17, CCR, 70500 & 70600 04/26/01 Not an emissions red uction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Fee Regulation

. T 17, CCR, 90700

- 90705 10/25/01 Not an emissions reduction

measure Review of California Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matter and Sulfates

. T 17, CCR, 70100,70200, and 70100.1 06/20/02 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Administrative Civil Penalties Program

. T 17, CCR, 60065.1

- 60065.45 and 60075.1

- 60075.45 12/12/02 Not an emissions reduction

measure Ozone Transport Mitigation Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 70600 and 70601 05/22/03 Not an emissions reduction

measure Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources

. T 17, CCR, 90800.75, 90800.9, 90804, 90800.8, 90801, 90802, and 90803 07/24/03 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Area Designation Criteria and Area Designations for State PM 2 .5 and Ozone Ambient Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, 60210 01/22/04 Not an emissions reduction

measure

Permit Fee Regulations for Non

- vehicular Sources . T 17, CCR 90805 and 90806; and 90800.8 and 90803 11/18/04 Not an emissions reduc tion

measure Area Designations

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, 60210 01/20/05 Not an emissions reduction

measure State Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone

. T 17, CCR, 70100, 70100.1, and 70200 04/28/05 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Definition o f Large Confined Animal Facility

. T 17, CCR 86500 and 86501 06/23/05 Not an emissions reduction

measure
Identification of Tobacco Smoke as a Toxic Air Contaminant

. T 17, CCR, 93000 01/26/06 Not an emissions reduction

measure Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Emissi ons Invento ry Criteria and Guidelines

. T 17, CCR, 93300.5 and document incorporated by reference 11/16/06 No t an emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 173 Appendix Table A

- 2 

### Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board That Do Not Address Ozone in the South Coast Nonattainment Area 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Area Designations for State Ambient Air Quality Standards

. T 17, CCR, 60201, 60202, 60205, & 60210 11/16/06 Not a n emissions reduction

measureTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 174 

### C

. State Fuel Measures

CARB has adopted a number of revisions to its reformulated gasoline program and clean diesel program since 1990, as well as measures addressing other motor vehicle fuels and fuel standards for o ff

- road sources. Appendix Table A

- 3 is a list of these revisions.

Appendix Table A

- 3 

### Fuel Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Wintertime Limits for Sulfur in Diesel Fuel

. T 13, CCR, 2255 0 6/21/90 Renumber ed to section 228 1. Approved 60 FR 43379 (8/21/95)

Limit on Aromatic Content of Diesel Fuel

. T 13, CCR, 2256 12/13/90 Renumber ed to section 2282

. Approved 60 FR 43379 (8/21/95) (listed as 4/15/01 adoption in FR)
Diesel Fuel Regulations

- Emergency

. T 13, CCR, 2281(h), 2282(1) 10/15/93 Approved 60 FR 43379 (8/21/95)

Small Refiner Diesel

. T 13, CCR, 2282(e)(1) 07/24/94 Approved 60 FR 43379 (8/21/95)

Diesel Fuel Test Methods

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b), 1960.1(k), 2281(c), 2282(b), (c) and (g) 10/24/96 Approved 75 FR 26653 ( 5/12/10 )

Specifications for Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel

. T 13 & T 17, CCR, 1961, 2281, 2282, 2701, 2284, 2285, 93114, and incorporated test procedure 07/24/03 Approved 75 FR 26653 ( 5/12/10 )

Emergency Regulation for Temporary Delay of Diesel Fuel Lubricity Standard

. T 13, CCR, 2284 11/24/04 Temporary delay of standard. Expired

Diesel Fuel Standards for Harbor C raft & Locomotives

. T 13, CCR, 2299, 2281, 2282, and 2284, and T 17, CCR, 93117 11/18/04 See CARB 6/29/09 Letter

C alifornia Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG), Phase I

. T 13, CCR, 2251.5 09/27/90 RVP standard for period between 1992 and 1996

. Obsolete.
California Reformulated Gasoline, Phase II

. T 13, CCR, 2250, 2255.1, 2252, 2260

- 2272, 2295 11/21/91 Approved 60 FR 4337 9 (8/21/95)

Wintertime Gasoline Program

. T 13, CCR, 2258, 2298, 2251.5, 2296 11/21/91 Approved 60 FR 43379 (8/21/95)

Predictive Model for Phase II CaRFG

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262

- 2270 06/09/94 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules

Test Method for Oxygen i n Gasoline

. T 13, CCR, 2251.5(c), 2258(c), 2263(b) 06/29/95 Section 2251.5

- obsolete; section 2258 wintertime; section 2263, supersededTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 175 Appendix Table A

- 3 

### Fuel Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Wintertime Oxygenate Program

. T 13, CCR, 2258, 2251.5, 2263(b), 2267, 2298, 2259, 2283, 2293.5 09/09/93 Carbon monoxid e control measure

Test Methods for CaRFG 13, CCR, 2263(b) 10/26/95 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules Required Additives in Gasoline (Deposit Control Additives)

. T 13, CCR, 2257 and incorporates testing procedures. 11/16/95 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6 /14/07 rules

CaRFG Housekeeping & CARBOB

. T 13, CCR, 2263.7, 2266.5, 2260, 226 2.5 , 2264, 2265, 2272 12/14/95 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules CaRFG Variance Requirements

. T 13, CCR, 2271 (Emergency) 01/25/96 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules Regulation Improvements and Repeals (fuel additives)

. T 13, CCR, 2201, 2202 05/30/96 R epealed sections

Cleaner Burning Gasoline Model Flexibility

. T 13, CCR, Sections 2260, 2262.1, 2262.3, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.7 and 2265 08/27/98 Superseded by 11 /18/04 & 6/14/07 rules

Gasoline Deposit Control Additive Regulation

. T 13, CCR, 2257, and incorporating test procedures 09/24/98 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules

Cleaner Burning Gasoline (Increasing the Oxygen Content)

. T 13, CCR, sections 226 2.5 (b ) and 2265(a)(2) 12/11/98 Wintertime gasoline for South Coast and Imperial County

. Cleaner Burning Gasoline, Oxygen Requirement for Wintertime In Lake Tahoe Area/Gas Pump Labeling for MTBE . T 13, CCR, 226 2.5 , and 2273 06/24/99 Not applicable to the SC

ar ea/Obsolete

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendments (Phase out of MTBE, standards, predictive model)

. T 13, CCR, 2260, 2261, 2262.1, 226 2.5 , 2263, 2264, 2264.2, 2265, 2266 etc... 12/09/99 2262.1 renumber to 2262.4; 2264 (designation of alternative limits) not approved; ot herwise superseded by 11/18/04 and 6/14/07 rules

CaRFG Phase 3 Test Methods . T 13, CCR, sections 2263(b) 11/16/00 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules

CaRFG Phase 3 Follow

- up Amendments

. T 13, CCR, sections 2260, 2261, 2262.3, 226 2.5 , 2263, 2264, 2265, 2266, 2266.5, 2270, 2272, 2273, 2282, 2296, 2297, 2262.9 and incorporated test procedures 11/16/00 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rules

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendments

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.9, 2266.5, 2269, 2271, 2272, 2265, and 2296 07/25/02 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rulesTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 176 Appendix Table A

- 3 

### Fuel Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board 1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

CaRFG Phase 3 Amendments (specifications for De Minimus Levels of Oxygenates and MTBE Phase Out Issues)

. T 13, CCR, 2261, 2262.6, 2263, 2266.5, 2272, 2273, 2260, 2273.5 12/12/02 Superseded by 11/18/04 & 6/14/07 rule

. Approved 75 FR 26653 ( 5/12/10 ) (except for section 2272 (CARFG3 standards for small refineries) and 2273.5 (requirement to identify gasoline containing ethanol when delivered to retail station))
California Reformulated Gasoline, Phase 3

. T 13, CCR, 2260, 2262, 2262.4, 226 2.5 , 2262.6, 2262.9, 2263, 2265 (and the incorporated ―California Procedures‖), and 2266.5 11/18/04 Approved 75 FR 26653 ( 5/12/10 )

Reid Vapor Pressure Limit

. Emergency Rule

. T 13, CCR, 2262 and 2262.4 08/08/05 Operative for September and October 2005 only

. Obsolete.

Specifications for Liquid Petroleum Gas Used as a Motor Vehicle Fuel

. T 13, CCR, 2292.6 12/11/98 No identifiable emission s reductions
Liquefied Petroleum Gas Propane Limit Specification Delay

. T 13, CCR, 2 292.6 03/27/97 ExpiredTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 177 

### D

. State On

- Road Mobile Sources Measures

Appendix Tables A

- 4 and A

- 5 list measures adopted by C ARB since 19 90 for on

- road and off

- road sources.

Appendix Table A

- 4



### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Certification Procedure for Aftermarket Parts

. VC 27156 & 38391 02/08/90 Compliance provisions

Emission Standards for Medium Duty Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1956.8, 1960.1, 1968.1, 2061, 2112 , 2139 06/14/90 Waiver granted September 16, 1994 (59 FR 48625 (9/22/94))

Evaporative Emission Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1976 08/09/90 Waiver granted August 25, 1994 (59 FR 46979 (9/13/94))
Low Emission Vehicles and Clean Fuels. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1904, 1956.8 , 1960.1, 1960.1.5, 1960.5 and 2111, 2112, 2125, and 2139, 2061. 09/28/90 Waivers granted January 7, 19 93 & April 6, 19 98 (58 FR 4166 (1/13/93) & 63 FR 18403 (4/15/98))
Heavy Duty Diesel Smoke Emission Testing. T 13, CCR, 2180

- 2187 11/08/90 Inspection pr ogram

Onboard Diagnostics for Light

- Duty Trucks and Light & Medium

- Duty Motor Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1977, 1968.1 09/12/91 Waiver granted October 2, 1996 (61 FR 53371 (10/11/96)) Onboard Diagnostic, Phase II

. T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 1977 11/12/91

Low Emission Vehicles amendments revising reactivity adjustment factor (RAF) provisions and adopting a RAF for M85 transitional low emission vehicles . T 13, CCR, 1960.1 11/14/91 Confirm within the scope finding requested February 18, 1993

Alternative Motor Vehicle Fu el Certification Fuel Specification. T 13 & 26, CCR, 2290

- 2292.7, 1960.1(k), 1956.8(b), 1956.8(d) 3/12/92 Confirm within the scope finding requested February 17, 1994

Standards and Test Procedures for Alternative Fuel Retrofit Systems

. T 13, CCR, 2030, 20 31 05/14/92 Compliance provisions

Phase 2 RFG certification fuel specifications

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1, 1956.8(d) 08/13/92 Confirm within the scope finding requested February 17, 1994
Substitute Fuel or Clean Fuel Incorporated Test Procedures. T 13, CCR, 196 0.1(k), 2317 11 /12/92 Confirm within the scope finding requested February 17, 1994
Smoke Self Inspection Program for Heavy Duty Diesel & Gasoline Engines. T 13, CCR, 2190

- 2194, 2180

- 2187, 1956.8(b) 12/10/92 Inspection programTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 178 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Certification Requirements f or Low Emission Passenger Cars, Light

- Duty Trucks & Medium Duty Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1, 1976, 2061, 1900 01/14/93 Confirm within the scope finding requested February 21, 1994

Onboard Diagnostic, Phase II . T 13, CCR, 1968.1 07/09/93 Waiver granted Oct ober 2, 1996 (61 FR 53371 (10/11/96))

Urban Transit Buses . T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1965, 2112 06/10/93 Found within the scope September 28, 2004 ( 69 FR 59920 (October 6, 2004 ) )
Evaporative Emission Standards and Test Procedures

. T 13, CCR, 1976 02/10/94 Waive r granted July 28, 1999 (64 FR 42689 (8/5/99))
Diesel Fuel Certification. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b)&(d), 1960.1(k), 2292.6 09/22/94 Confirm within the scope finding requested September 14, 1995
Self Inspection Program for Heavy Duty Diesel Engines. T 13, CCR, 2190

- 2194, 2180

- 2187, 1956.8(b) 11/09/94 Inspection program

Onboard Diagnostics, Phase II. T 13, CCR,1963.1, & Certification Procedures 12/08/94 Waiver granted October 2, 1996 (61 FR 53371 (10/11/96))
Periodic Smoke Inspection Program. T 13, CCR, 2190 1 2/08/94 Inspection program
Heavy Duty Vehicle Exhaust Emission Standards. T 13, CCR, 1956.8 and incorporate test procedures. 06/29/95 Found within the scope September 28, 2004 (69 FR 59920 (10/6/04))
Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1976, 1978 and incorporate test procedures 06/29/95 Waiver granted August 13, 2002 (67 FR 54180 (8/21/02))

Retrofit Emission Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1956.9, 2030, 2031, and incorporate test procedures 07/27/95 Compliance provision

Low Emission Vehicle Sta ndards 3 (LEV 3)

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1960.1, 1965, 2101, 2061, 2062, and incorporate test procedures 09/28/95 Confirm within the scope finding requested October 8, 1996.

Postpone Zero Emission Vehicle Requirements

. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1960.1, 1976 03/28/96 F ound within the scope January 18

, 200 1 (66 FR 7751 (1/25/01))

Diesel Fuel Certification Test Methods

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8(b), 1960.1(k), 2281(c), 2282(b), (c) and (g) 10/24/96 Confirm within the scope finding requested November 24, 1997
Onboard Diagnostics , Phase II, Technical Status

. T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 2030, 2031 12/12/96 Initial notice 69 FR 5542 (February 5, 2004)
Postpone Enhanced Evaporative Emission Requirements for Ultra

- Small Volume Vehicle Manufacturers

. T 13, CCR, 1976 and incorporate test proced ures 05/22/97 Found within the scope July 28, 1999 (64 FR 42689 (8/5/99))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 179 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Off

- Cycle Emissions Supplemental Federal Test Procedures (SFTPs)

. T 13, CCR, 1960.1, 2101 and incorp orate test procedures 07/24/97 Waiver granted September 30, 2004 (69 FR 60996 (10 /14/04))

Heavy Duty Vehicle Smoke Inspection Program/Periodic Smoke Inspection Program

. T 13, CCR, 2180

- 2188 and 2190

- 2194 12/11/97 Inspection program

Heavy Duty Vehicle Regulations: 2004 Standards

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8, 1965, 2036, 2112 and test procedures 04/23/98 Confirm within the scope finding requested December 26, 2001
Low Emission Vehicles Standards (LEV 2) and Compliance Assurance Program (CAP 2000)

. T 13, CCR,1961 & 1962 (both new); 1900, 1960.1, 1965, 1968.1, 1976, 1978, 2037, 2038, 2062, 2101, 2 106, 2107, 2110, 2112, 2114, 2119, 2130, 2137

- 2140, 2143

- 2148 11/05/98 Waiver granted April 11, 2003 (68 FR 19811 (4/22/03))/found within the scope (1999 ZEV amendments) December 21, 2006 (71 FR 78190 (12/28/06))
Exhaust Standards for (On

- Road) Motorcycle s

. T 13, CCR, 1958 12/10/98 Waiver granted July 27, 2006 (71 FR 44027 (8/3/06))

Voluntary Accelerated Light Duty Vehicle Retirement Regulations

. T 13, CCR, 2600

- 2610 12/10/98 Establishes standards for a voluntary accelerated retirement program

. Revised 2/ 21/ 06 and 12/7/06

Clean Fuels Regulation Requirements

. T 13, CCR, sections 2300

- 2317, and 2303.5, 2311.5 07/22/99 Removal of obsolete provisions, streamlining and other minor changes to 9/1990 rule.

Transit Bus Standards . T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956. 3, 1956.4, 1956.8, 1965 02/24/00 Combination of fleet requirements, emission standards, and zero

emission bus standards

. Federal & state emission standards are the same for 2010 MY buses.

Light

- and Medium Duty Low Emission Vehicle Alignment with Federal S tandards

. Exhaust Emission Standards for Heavy Duty Gas Engines . T 13, CCR, 1956.8 &1961 12/07/00 Waiver granted for LDV & HDV April 11, 2003 (68 FR 19811 (4/22/03))
Initial notice on within

- the

- scope finding request for HDGE: 72 FR 27114 (May 14, 2007).
Heavy Duty Diesel Engines "Not

- to

- Exceed (NTE)" Test Procedures

. T 13 CCR, 1956.8, 2065 12/07/00 Confirm within the scope finding requested December 26, 2001.
Zero Emission Vehicle Regulation Update

. T 13, CCR, 1900, 1960.1(k), 1961, 1962 & incorporated T est Procedure 01/25/01 Found within the scope December 21, 2006 (71 FR 78190 (12/28/06))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 180 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure and Standardization of Electric Vehicle Charging Equipment

. T 13, CCR, 1900(b), 1962(b) 1962.1 06/28/01 Found within the scope D ecember 21, 2006 (71 FR 78190 (12/28/06))

Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Standards for 2007 and Later

. T 13, CCR, 1956.8 and incorporate test procedures 10/25/01 Waiver granted August 19, 2005 (70 FR 50322 (8/26/05))

Low Emission Vehicle Regulations

. T 13, CCR

, 1960.1,19 60.5, 1961, 1962 and incorporate test procedures and guidelines 11/15/01 Found within the scope April 21, 2005 (70 FR 22034 (4/28/05))

California Motor Vehicle Service Information Rule

. T 13&17, CCR, 1969 & 60060.1

- 60060.7 12/13/01 Compliance provision

. Very similar to EPA regulations at 40 CFR 86.1808.01
Voluntary Accelerated Light Duty Vehicle Retirement Regulations . T 13, CCR, 2601

- 2605, 2606 & appendices C & D, and 2607

- 2610 02/21/02 Establishes standards for a voluntary accelerated retir ement program

. Revised 12/7/06

. On

- Board Diagnostic II Review Amendments . T 13, CCR, 1968.1, 1968.2, 1968.5 04/25/02 Initial notice 69 FR 5542 (2/5/04)

Diesel Retrofit Verification Procedure, Warranty and In

- Use Compliance Requirements . T 13, CCR, 2700

- 2 710 05/16/02 Procedures to verify diesel retrofit technology.

Revision to Transit Bus Regulations Amendments . T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956.4,1956.8, and 2112, & documents incorporated by reference 10/24/02 Slight relaxation in requirements over 2000 rule.

Low Emission Vehicles II

. Align Heavy Duty Gas Engine Standards with Federal Standards; minor administrative changes . T 13, CCR, 1961, 1965, 1956.8, 1956.1, 1978, 2065 and documents incorporated by reference 12/12/02 Waiver granted August 19, 2005 ( 70 FR 50322 (8/26/05)) for all but HDGE. HDGE standards adopted to harmonize with EPA‘s. Initial notice on within

- the

- scope finding request for HDGE: 72 FR 27114 (5/14/07).

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate from School Bus Idling . T 13, CCR, 2480 12/12/02 No emissions reductions claimed.

Zero Emission Vehicle Amendments for 2003 . T 13, CCR, 1960.1(k), 1961(a) and (d), 1900, 1962, and documents incorporated by reference 03/25/03 Found within the scope December 21, 2005 (71 FR 78190 (12/2 8/06))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 181 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Solid Waste Collection Vehicles . T 13, CCR, 2020, 2021, 2021.1, 2021.2 09/24/03 Diesel reduction program. Minimal reductions. See CARB, ― Staff Report: Initial Statement Of Reasons

, Proposed Diesel Particulate Matter Control Measure f or On

Road Heav y

- Duty Residential a nd Commercial Solid Waste Collection Vehicles ,‖ June 6, 2003 , p. 53.

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate from Transport Refrigeration Units . T 13, CCR, 2022 and 2477 12/11/03 Waiver granted (non

- road) January 9, 2009 (74 FR 3030 (1/16/2009))

Diesel Retrofit Verification Procedure, Warranty and In

- Use Compliance Requirements (Amendments)

. T 13, CCR, 2701

- 2707 & 2709 12/11/03 Procedures to verify diesel retrofit technology.

CA Motor Vehicle Service Information Rule. T 13, CCR, 1969 01/22/04 Compliance provision

. Very similar to EPA regulations at 40 CFR 86.1808.01
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

- Chip Reflash. T 13, CCR, 2011, 2180.1, 2181, 2184, 2185, 2186, 2192, and 2194 03/27/04 Compliance provision.

Engine Manufacturer Diagnostic System Requirements for 2007 and Subsequent Model Heavy Duty Engines

. T 13, CCR, 1971 05/20/04 Waiver granted December 22, 2005 (71 FR 335 (1/4/06))

Urban Bus Engines/Fleet Rule for Transit Agencies. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, 1956.3, and 1956. 4 06/24/04 Various modifications to urban/transit bus standards.

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate from Diesel Fueled Commercial Vehicle Idling. T 13, CCR, 2485 07/22/04 CARB has requested that EPA confirm requirement is not preempted . Initial notice 75 FR 43975 (7/27/10)
Greenhouse Gas Standards. T 13, CCR, 1961.1, 1900, 1961 and Incorporated Test Procedures 09/23/04 Waiver granted June 30, 2009 (74 FR 32744 (July 8, 2009)
Transit Fleet Rule. T 13, CCR, 2023, 2023.1, 2023.2, 2023.3 , 2023.4, 1956.1, 2020, 2021, repeal 1956.2, 1956.3, 1956.4 02/24/05 Diesel reduction program

On

- Board Diagnostic System Requirements for 2010 and Subsequent Model

- Year Heavy

- Duty Engines (HD OBD)

. T 13, CCR, 1971.1 07/21/05 Waiver granted August 13, 200 8 (73 FR 52042 (9/8/08))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 182 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

2007

- 2009 Model

- Year Heavy Duty Urban Bus Engines and the Fleet Rule for Transit Agencies

. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.2, and 1956.8 09/15/05 & 10/20/05 Aligns State emission standards with

federal emission standards.

Requirements to Reduce Idling Emissions from New and In

Use Trucks, Beginning in 2008

. T 13, CCR section 1956.8 and the incorporated document 10/20/05 Confirm not pre

- empted or within the scope finding requested

. Initial notice 75 FR 43975 (7/27/2010)

Diesel Particulate Matter Control Measure for On

- Road Heavy

- Duty Diesel

- Fueled Vehicles Owned or Operated by Public Agencies and Utilities

. T 13, CCR, 2022 and 2022.1 12/08/05 Diesel reduction program. Minimal reductions. See CARB, ― Staff Report: Initial Statement Of Reason s , Proposed Diesel Particulate Matter Control Measure f or On

Road Heavy

- Dut y Diesel

- Fueled Vehicles Owned o r Operated By Public Agencies And Utilities ,‖ October 21, 2005 , p. 55.
AB1009 Heavy

- Duty Vehicle Smoke Inspection Program

. T 13, CCR, 2180, 2180.1, 2181, 2182, 2183, 2184, 2185, 2186, 2187, and 2188, 2189 01/26/06 Requires trucks have emission control labels

.

Diesel Verification Procedure, Warranty & In

- Use

. T 13, CCR, 2702, 2703, 2704, 2706, 2707, and 2709. 03/23/06 Procedures to verify diesel retro fit technology, supporting rule for in

use control measures.
Technical Amendments to Evaporative Exhaust and Evaporative Emissions Test Procedures

. T 13, CCR, 1961,1976 and 1978. 05/25/06 Within the scope finding July 22, 2010 (75 FR 44948 (July 27, 2010) )

.

California Motor Vehicle Service Information Rule

. T 13, CCR, 1969 and incorporated documents 06/22/06 Compliance provision

. Very similar to EPA regulations at 40 CFR 86.1808.01

On

- Board Diagnostic II

. T 13, CCR, 1968.2, 1968.5, 2035, 2037 and 2038 09 /28/06 Confirm within the scope finding requested

.

Heavy

- Duty In

- Use Compliance Regulation

. T 13, CCR, 1956.1, 1956.8, and documents incorporated by reference 09/28/06 Compliance provision

. Compliance program "essentially identical to EPA's

. " See Updated Information Digest for the Rule.

Zero Emission Bus Regulation . T 13, CCR, 2023.1, 2023.3, & 2023.4 10/19/06 Delays ZEB requirements due to high bus costs and unproven durability, reliability and ability to produce the number of buses required by the regula tion

. See Updated Information Digest.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 183 Appendix Table A

- 4


### On

- Road Mobile Source Measures Adopted by the California A ir Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Voluntary Accelerated Retirement Regulation

. T 13, CCR, 2601

- 2610 and appendices A

- D 12/07/06 Establishes standards for a voluntary accelerated retirement program.

Appendix Table A

- 5 

### Off

- Road Mobile Source Measure s Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Emission Standards for Utility and Lawn and Garden Engines

. T 17, CCR, 2400 et. seq. 12/13/90 Waiver granted July 5, 1995 ( 60 FR 37440 ( 7 /2 0 /95) ) 1

- year Implemen tation Delay in Emission Standards for Utility Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2400, 2403

- 2407 04/08/93

Utility and Lawn and Garden Equipment Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2403(c), 11(a)(1)(I)(ii), 4(a)(1)(I)(ii) 07/28/94 Within the scope finding November 9, 2000 (65 FR 69763 (11/20/00))

Utility and Lawn and Garden Equipment Engines

. CO Standards 1/25/96 Within the scope finding November 9, 2000 (65 FR 69763 (11/20/00))

Small Off

- Road Engines (SORE)

. T 13, CCR, 2400, 2410

- 2414 03/26/98 W ithin the scope finding November 9, 20 00 (65 FR 69767 (11/20/00)), waiver granted (durability requirements), November 10, 20 03 ( 65 FR 65702 (1 1 / 21 /0 3 ))

. Small Off

- Road Engines (SORE)

. T 13, CCR, 2400

- 2409, 2405.1, 2405.2, 2405.3, 2750

- 2754, 2754.1, 2754.2, 2755

- 2767, 2767.1, 2768

- 2773 and th e documents incorporated by reference 09/25/03 Waiver granted, December 11, 2006 (71 FR 75536 (12/15/2006))

Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 2410

- 2414, 2111

- 2140 01/03/94 Waiver granted December 23, 1996 (61 FR 69093 (12/31/1996))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 184 Appendix Table A

- 5 

### Off

- Road Mobile Source Measure s Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Winterti me Requirements for Utility Engines & Off

Highway Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 2403 09/26/96 Within the scope finding November 9, 2000 (65 FR 69763 (11/20/00))

1997 & Later Model Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles and Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2410

- 2414, 2415 12/10/98 W ithin the scope finding request March 4, 2000

Off

- Highway Recreation Vehicles

. T13, CCR, 2415 07/24/03 Addition to March 4, 2000 request November 19, 2004. Made changes to riding season restrictions

. Off

- Highway Recreational Vehicles and Engines . T 13, C CR, 2411

- 2413, 2415 & documents incorporated by reference 07/20/06 Adopted evaporative emission standards identical to EPA's.

Heavy Duty Diesel Cycle Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2420

- 2427 01/09/92 Waiver granted May 15, 1995 (60 FR 48981 (9/21/1995))

Exemption of Military Tactical Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 1905, 2400, 2420 12/14/95 Within the scope finding November 9, 2000 (65 FR 69763 (11/20/00))

Off

- Road Compression Ignition Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2111, 2112, 2137, 2139, 2140, 2141, 2144, 2400, 2401, 2403, 2420, 242 1, 2423

- 2427, & appendix A to article 2.1. 01/2 7 /00 Waiver granted, February 5, 2010 (75 FR 8056 ( 2/23/2010 )

Off

- Road Compression Ignition Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2420, 2421, 2423, 2424, 2425, 2427 12/09/04 Waiver granted February 5, 2010 (75 FR 8056 ( 2/23/20 10 ) )

In

- Use Off

- Road Diesel Vehicles

. T 13, CCR, 2449 07/26/07 Notice of opportunity for public hearing and comment (on waiver), 75 FR 11880 (3/12/2010).

Large Off

- Road Spark

- Ignition Engine Regulations

. T 13, CCR, 2430 et seq., and 2411

- 2414 10/22/ 98 Waiver granted May 15, 20 06 (71 FR 29623 (5/23/2006))
Fork Lifts and Other Industrial Equipment. (Large Off

Road Spark Ignition Engines > 1 liter) T 13, CCR 2430, 2433, 2434. Adopt 2775, 2775.1, 2775.2, 2780, 2781, 2783, 2784, 2785, 2786, 2787, 2788, a nd 2789. 05/26/06 Adopts EPA's Standards for 2007;

a dopts more stringent standards for 2010

. Waiver requested.

Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2001 Marine Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2440 et seq 12/10/98 Waiver granted March 22, 2007 (59 FR 14546 (Ma rch 28, 2007))TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 185 Appendix Table A

- 5 

### Off

- Road Mobile Source Measure s Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Marine Inboard Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2111, 2112, 2139, 2140, 2147, 2440

- 2442, 2443.1

- 2443.3, 2444, 2445.1, 2445.2, 2446, 2444.2 and incorporation of documents by reference 07/26/01 Waiver granted in part March 22, 2007 (59 FR 14546 (March 28, 2007)) 2007 standards waiver granted April 26, 2011 (76 FR 24872 (5/3/11))

Marine Inboard Sterndrive Engines

. T 13 CCR 2111, 2112, 2441, 2442, 2444.2, 2445.1, 2446, 2447, and incorporated document 11/17/05 Revision to year 2007 standards in 7/26/2001 mar ine inboard engine standards. Waiver requested February 7, 2008.

Portable Equipment Registration Program. T 13, CCR, 2450

- 2465 03/27/97 Revised by June 22, 2006 rule Waiver request withdrawn/replaced by favor of December 5, 2008 request

Revisions to Statewide Portable Equipment Registration Program. T 13, CCR, 2450

- 2463 12/10/98 Revised by June 22, 2006 rule

Modifications to the Statewide Portable Equipment Registration Program (PERP) Regulations . T 13, CCR Amendments to 2450

- 2465, and repeal of 246 6 02/26/04 Revised by June 22, 2006 rule

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel

- Fueled Portable Engines

. T 17, CCR,93116, 93116.1, 93116.2, 93116.3, 93116.4, and 93116.5 02/26/04 Notice of opportunity for public hearing and comment published February 9 , 2011 (76 FR 7196)
Within

- the

- scope finding/waiver requested March 28, 2005.

Portable Equipment Registration Program

. T 13, CCR, 2450, 2451, 2452, 2453, 2454, 2455, 2456, 2457, 2458, 2459, 2460, 2461, 2462, 2463, 2464, and 2465 06/22/06 Notice of opportu nity for public hearing and comment published February 9, 2011 (76 FR 7194)
Within

- the

- scope finding/w aiver requested December 5, 2008

. Emergency Regulation for Portable Equipment Registration Program Airborne Toxic Control Measures and Portable and Stati onary diesel

- Fueled Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2452, 2455, 2456, 2461; T17 CCR 93115, 93116.2, 93116.3 12/06/06 Expired.

Portable Equipment Registration Program and Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel

- Fueled Portable Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2451, 2452, 2456, 2 458, 2459, 2460, 2461, and 2462, T 17, CCR, 93116.1, 93116.2, 93116.3 , 93116.3.1 03/22/07 Notice of opportunity for public hearing and comment published February 9, 2011 (76 FR 7194)
Within

- the

- scope finding/w aiver requested December 5, 2008

.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 186 Appendix Table A

- 5 

### Off

- Road Mobile Source Measure s Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Afterma rket Parts for Off

- Road Engines

. T 13, CCR, 2470

- 2476 11/19/98 Compliance measure

Portable Container Spillage Control Measure

. T 13, CCR, 2470

- 2478 09/23/99 Similar federal regulation. 40 CFR part 59, subpart F.
Portable Fuel Containers (PFC) [Part 1 o f 2] . T 13, CCR, 2467 and 2467.1 09/15/05 Similar federal regulation. 40 CFR part 59, subpart F.

Portable Fuel Containers (PFC) [Part 2 of 2]

. T 13, CCR 2467.2, 2467.3, 2467.4, 2467.5, 2467.6, 2467.7; repeal of 2467.8, and adoption of new 2467.8 and 2467 .9. 09/15/05 Similar federal regulation. 40 CFR part 59, subpart F.

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Diesel Particulate for Transport Refrigeration Units . T 13, CCR, 2022 & 2477 12/11/03 Waiver granted (non

- road) January 9, 200 9 (74 FR 3030 (1/16/200 9))

Mobile Cargo Handling Equipment at Ports and Intermodal Rail Yards

. T 13, CCR, 2479 12/08/05 Notice of opportunity for public hearing and comment published February 1, 2011 (76 FR 5586)
Within

- the

- scope finding and

w aiver request January 29, 20 07

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Cruise Ships Onboard Incineration . T 17, CCR, 93119 11/17/05 See Initial Statement of Reasons for Rule, p. II

- 1. Auxiliary Diesel Engines and Diesel

- Electric Engines Operated on Ocean

- Going Vessels within California Wa ters and 24 Nautical Miles of the California Baseline

. T 13, CCR, 2299.1 and T 17, CCR, 93118 12/08/05

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Cruise Ships and Ocean

- Going Ships Onboard Incineration (amendments)

. T 17, CCR, 93119 11/16/06 Air toxics control m easure

Ocean

- Going Vessels At Berth (Shore Power)

. T 13, CCR, 2299.3 and T 17, CCR, 93118.3 and documents incorporated by reference 12/06/07

Commercial Harbor Craft

. T 13, CCR, 2222 and incorporated "California Evaluation Procedures for New Aftermarket Catalytic Converters" 11/15/07

Cleaner Fuels in Ocean

- Going Vessel Main Engines and Auxiliary Boiler

. T 13, CCR, 2299.2 and T 17, CCR, section 93118.2 07/24/08 Proposed approval signed June 29, 2011TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 187 

### E

. State Consumer Product Measures

California has b een regulating the VOC content of consumer products for 20 years and continues to tighten standards and regulate more products. Appendix Table A

- 6 is a list of CARB‘s rulemaking actions on consumer products since 1990.

Appendix Table A

- 6 

### Consumer Product s Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Antiperspirant/Deodorants

. T 17, CCR, 94500

- 94506 11/09/89 Approved 8/21/95 (60 FR 43379)

Consumer Products BAAQMD

. T 17, CCR, 94520

- 94526 06/14/90 Not a pplicable to the South Coast

area
Phase I

- Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94507

- 94517 10/11/90 Approved 8/21/95 (60 FR 43379)

Phase II

- Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94502, 94505, 94514, 94503.5, 94506, 94507

- 94513, 94515 01/09/92 Approved 8/21 /95 (60 FR 43379)

Notice of General Public Interest for Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94507

- 94517 11/30/92 Not a control measure

Alternative Control Plan for Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94540

- 94555 09/22/94 Voluntary compliance option

. No action.

Ae rosol Coating Products and Alternative Control Plan

. T 17, CCR, 94520

- 94528, 94540

- 94543, 94547. 03/23/95 Superseded by 6/22/00 rule.

Antiperspirants and Deodorants, Consumer Products, and Aerosol Coating Products

. T 17, CCR, 94500

- 94506, 94508, 94521 09/ 28/95 Superseded by 6/24/04 rule for antiperspirants and deodorants; superseded by 11/17/06 rule for consumer products; superseded by 11/17/06 rule for aerosol coating products.

Antiperspirants and Deodorants, Consumer Products, Aerosol Coating Products ( ARB Test Method 310)

. T 17, CCR, 94506(a), 94515(a), 94526 11/21/96 Superseded by 6/24/04 rule for antiperspirants and deodorants; superseded by 11/17/16 rule for consumer products; superseded by 11/17/06 rule for aerosol coating products.

Consumer Produc ts and Aerosol Coating Products Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94508

- 94515, 99517, 94321 11/21/96 Superseded by 11/17/06 rule

Consumer Products (Hair Spray) Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94509, 94513, 94514 03/27/97 Voluntary compliance option

. No action.

Consumer Prod ucts (Mid

- Term Measures) Amendments

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94513 07/24/97 Superseded by 11/17/06 ruleTSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 188 Appendix Table A

- 6 

### Consumer Product s Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Consumer Products (Hairspray Credit Program)

. T 17, CCR, 94502, 94509, 94522, & 94548 11/13/97 Voluntary compliance option

. No action.

Consumer Produ cts, Aerosol Coatings & Antiperspirants and Deodorants

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94508, 94521, 94522, and 94524 11/19/98 Superseded by 11/17/06 rule

Consumer Products

- LVP

- VOC Definitions And Test Methods

. T 17, CCR, 94506, 94506.5, 94508(a)(78), 94515 and 9452 6, and the amendment of CARB Method 310 11/19/98 Superseded by 6/24/04 rule for test method 310 and 11/17/06 rule for rest.

California Consumer Products Regulation Mid

- Term Measures II

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, and 94513 10/28/99 Superseded by 11/17/06 ru le

Consumer Products Aerosol Adhesives Control Measure

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94512, 94513 05/25/00 Superseded by 11/17/06 rule

Aerosol (Paint) Coatings Products

. T 17, CCR, 94700, 94701, 94521

- 94524, 94526 06/22/00 Approved 9/13/05 70 FR 53920;
super seded by 11/17/06 rule
Antiperspirant and Deodorant Reg ulations. T 17, CCR, 94502, 94504 10/26/00 Superseded by 6/24/04 rule

Revised Tables of Maximum Incremental Reactivity Values

. T 1, CCR, 94700. 12/03/03 Approved 9/13/05 70 FR 53920; superseded by 11 /17/06 rule

Consumer Products & Methods 310/ATCM for Para

Dicholorobenzene

. T 17, CCR, 94501, 94506, 94507, 94508, 94509, 94510, 94512, 94513, 94515, and 94526, and CARB Method 310, which is incorporated by reference 06/24/04 Approved November 4, 2009 (7 4 FR 57074) (EO order date of 5/6/05)

Consumer Products

. T 17, CCR, 94508, 94509, 94510, 94513 & 94523 11/17/06 Approved November 4, 2009 (74 FR 57074) (EO order date 9/16/07)TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 189 

### F

. State Vapor Recovery Measures

Under California State law (Health an d Safety Code Sections 41954), C ARB is required to adopt procedures and performance standards for controlling gasoline emissions from ga soline marketing operations, including transfer and storage operations

. State law also authorizes C ARB, in cooperation w ith the districts, to certify vapor recovery systems, identify defective equipment, and develop test methods

. The installation and operation of C ARB

- certified vapor recovery equipment is required and enforced by District Rules 461 and 462. Appendix Table A

- 7 is a list of rulemaking actions taken by C ARB since 19 90 that address vapor recovery equipment certification, defects, and/or test methods.

Appendix Table A

- 7 

### Gasoline Vapor Recovery Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T 17, CCR, 94010

- 94015, 94150

- 94160, 94000

- 94004, 94007. 06/29/95

C ARB sets requirements for and certifies vapor recovery equipment. District rules establish requirements for the installatio n of C ARB

- certified equipment. See SCAQMD Rules 461 & 462 Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T 17, CCR, 94010

- 94015 and 94150, 94156, 94157, 94158, 94159, 94160, 94162 08/27/98

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T 17, CCR, 94011, 94153, 94155, and incorpora te d test procedures, CP

- 201, TP

- 201.4, and TP

- 201.6 06/24/99

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems (In Station Diagnostics and Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery)

. T 17, CCR, 94011 03/23/00

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems (Emergency Filing C P

- 201, section 18)

. T 17, CCR, 94011 03/23/00

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Test Methods and Compliance Procedures

. T 17, CCR, 94010, 94011, 94153, 94155, 94163, 94164, 94165 & incorporated procedures 10/25/01

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Defects

. T 17, CCR, 94006 and incorporated document. 11/15/01

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Test Procedures . T 17, CCR, 94010, 94011, 94163, 94164, and 94165 and procedures incorporated by reference, and 94166, 94167, and incorporation by reference. 12/12/02

Unihose Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems

. T17, CCR, 94011 07/22/04TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 190 Appendix Table A

- 7 

### Gasoline Vapor Recovery Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hearing Date Comments

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems at Dispensing Facilities. Emergency Filing . T 17, CCR, 94011 07/22/04

Gasoline Vapor Recovery System Equipment Defects List . T 17, CCR, 94006(b) & incorp orated document 08/24/04

Enhanced Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems Extension

. T 17, CCR, 94011 and certification procedure 11/18/04

Gasoline Vapor Recovery Systems . T 17 CCR 94011 and incorporated certification 06/22/06

Vapor Recovery Aboveground Sto rage Tanks (AST)

. T 17 , CCR, 94010

, 94011

, 94016 and 94168 and incorporated documents 06/21/07

Gasoline Vapor Recovery System Equipment Defects List. T 17, CCR, 94006 N/ATSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 191 

### G. Other State Measures

A number of CARB measures do not fall into one o f the categories of measures listed in Appendix Tables A

- 2 through A

- 7. These measures are listed below in Appendix Table A

- 8.

Appendix Table A

- 8 

### Other Not Previously Listed Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hea ring Date Comments

Airborne Air Toxic Measure for Ethylene Oxide from Sterilizers & Aerators

. T 17, CCR, 93108 05/10/90

Controls for Abrasive Blasting

. T 17, CCR, 92000, 92200, 92400, 98500, 98510, 92520, 92530 11/08/90 Small source category in South Co ast

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Emission of Toxic Metals from N on

- Ferrous Metal Melting. T 17 & 26, CCR, 93107 12/10/92

Air Toxic Control Measure for Chlorinated Toxic Air Contaminants from Automotive Maintenance and Repair Facilities

. T 17, CCR, 93111 04/27/00 Mainly addresses non

- VOC

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Asbestos from Construction, Grading, Quarrying, and Surface Mining

. T 17, CCR, 93105 07/26/01 Mainly addresses air toxics

Air Toxic Control Measures for Auto and Mobile Equip ment Refinishing Coatings C ontaining Hexavalent Chromium and Cadmium Compounds

. T 17, CCR, 93112 09/20/01 Air toxic control measures prohibits additives with hexavalent chromium. Total emissions CA are less than 300 lb per year. ISOR, p. V

- 2.

Distributed Gene ration Guidelines and Regulations

. T 17, CCR, 94200

- 94214 11/15/01 Minimal impact, few units certified

. See ISOR for 9/28/06 rule amendment

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Outdoor Residential Waste Burning

. T 17, CCR, 93113 02/21/02

Airborne Toxic Co ntrol Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines

. T 17, CCR 93115 & documents incorp orate by reference 2/26/04 PM control measure . PM reductions are expected to be achieved primarily by replacement of existing engines as a result of District rule.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 192 Appendix Table A

- 8 

### Other Not Previously Listed Measures Adopted by the California Air Resources Board

1990 to 2006

Measure Hea ring Date Comments

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Hexavalent Chromium and Nickel from Thermal Spraying

. T 17, CCR, 9310 2.5 12/09/04 Air toxic control measures. Total emissions (chromium & nickel in CA are less than 200 lb per year. ISOR, p. IV

- 6 to 8.

Airborne Toxic C ontrol Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines (amendments) . T 17, CCR, 93115 05/26/05 3/17/05 Revisions to 2/26/04 rule. PM control measure

.

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines (amendments, In

- Use Agricu ltural Eng. Exemption removal)

. T 17, CCR, 93115.1

- 93115.15.t. 11/16/06 PM control measure . PM reductions are expected to be achieved primarily by replacement of existing engines as a result of District rule.
Distributed Generation Guidelines and Regulati ons

. T 17, CCR, 94201, 94201.1, 94203, 94204, & 94207

- 942142 10/19/06 Addition of 2013 standards NO x and VOC standards for DG units which burn waste gas. Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Chrome Plating and Chromic Acid Anodizing Operations

. T 17, CCR, 9 3102.1

- 93102.16 12/07/06 Air toxic control measures. Total emissions in CA are 14.4 lb per year. ISOR, p. 49.TSD for the P roposed Approval

of the South Coast 2007 8

- hour Ozone Plan Septembe r 6, 2011

_____________

________________________________________________________________________________ EPA

- Region 9 193



## Appendix B

– SCAQMD RulesTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

223 Large Confined Animal Feeding

Operations 6/2 /06 3/17/09 n/a n/a Baseline me asure

401 Visible Emissions 11/09/01 7/10/84 1/29/85 50 FR 3907 Baseline measure

403 Fugitive Dust 6/3/05 10/20/05 03/10/ 08 73 FR 12639 Baseline measure

431.2. Sulfur Content Of Liquid Fuels 9/15/ 00 12/31/90 06/08/99 64 FR 30396 Baseline measure

442 U sage Of Solvents 12/15/ 00 05/08/01 05/23/02 67 FR 36105 Baseline measure

444 Open Burning 11/7/ 08 1/22/02 4/8/02 67 FR 16644 Baseline and control strategy measure

445 Wood Burning Devices 03/07/ 08 07/18/08 6/11/2009 74 FR 27716 Control Strategy

measure

461 Gasoline Transfer and Dispensing 03/07/ 08 10/20/05 4/11/06 71 FR 18216 Baseline and control strategy measure

462 Organic Liquid Loading 05/14/ 99 06/03/99 07/21/99 64 FR 39037 Baseline measure

463 Organic Liquid Storage 05/6/ 05 10/20/05 01/04/07 72 FR 267 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1102 Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners 11/7/2000 5/08/01 7/17/02 67 FR 46876 Baseline measure

1103 Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics

Manufacturing 3/12/99 5/13/99 7/21/99 64 FR 39037 Baseline measure

1104 Wood Flat Stock Coating Operat ion 8/13/99 10/29/99 3/22/00 65 FR 15240 Baseline measure

1105 Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units

- SOx 9/1/84 2/6/85 7/12/90 55 FR 28624 Baseline measure

1105.1 Reduction of PM and NH3 emissions

from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units 11/7/03 6/3/04 1/4/06 71 F R 241 Baseline measure

1106 Marine Coating Operations 1/13/95 2/24/95 7/14/95 60 FR 36225 Baseline measure

1106.1 Pleasure Craft Coating Operations 2/12/99 6/3/99 8/31/99 64 FR 47390 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1107 Coating of Metal Parts and Products 1/6/06 5/8 /07 11/24/08 73 FR 70883 Baseline and control strategy measure

1108 Cutback Asphalt 2/1/85 4/12/85 7/12/90 55 FR 28624 Baseline measure

1108.1 Emulsified Asphalt 11/4/83 10/25/84 1/24/85 50 FR 3338 baseline measure

1109 NOx Emissions from Boilers and

Pr ocess Heaters

– Petroleum Refineries 8/5/88 3/26/90 1/13/00 65 FR 2052 Baseline measure

1110.2 Emissions from Gaseous and Liquid

Fueled Engines 2/1/08 5/20/08 4/17/09 74 FR 18995 Control strategy measure

1111 NOx emissions from Natural

- Gas

Fired, Fan typ e Central Furnaces 11/6/09 5/17/10 8/4/10 75 FR 46845 Control strategy measure

1112 NOx from Cement Kilns 6/6/86 10/10/86 6/25/90 55 FR 25832 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1112.1 PM from Cement Kilns 12/4/09 7/20/10 09/2/98 63 FR 46659 Baseline and control strategy measure

1113 Architectural coatings 7/13/07 3/07/08 10/5/10 proposal 75 FR 61367 Baseline and control strategy measure

1115 Motor Vehicle Assembly Line

Coating Operations 5/12/95 6/16/95 7/14/95 60 FR 36225 Baseline measure

1117 NOx emissions from Glass Melting

Furnaces 1/6/84 2/6/85 7/12/90 55 FR 28624 Baseline measure

1118 Refinery flares 11/4/05 10/5/06 8/28/07 72 FR 49196 Baseline measure

1121 Control of NOx from Residential type

natural

- gas

- fired water heaters 9/3/04 7/18/08 5/6/09 74 FR 20880 Bas eline and control strategy measure

1122 Solvent Degreasers 10/1/04 1/13/05 2/8/06 71 FR 6350 Baseline measure

1123 Refinery Process Turnarounds 12/7/90 5/13/91 8/11/92 57 FR 35758 Baseline measure

1124 Aerospace Assembly and Component

Manufacturing Oper ations 9/21/01 1/22/02 8/13/02 67 FR 52611 Baseline measure

1125 Metal Container, Closure, and Coil

Coating Operations 03/7/08 4/6/09 12/21/09 74 FR 67844 Baseline and control strategy measure

1126 Magnet Wire Coating Operations 1/13/95 2/24/95 6/13/95 60 FR 31081 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1127 Emissions Reductions from Livestock

Waste 8/6/04 10/5/06 n/a n/a Control strategy

measures

1128 Paper, Fabric, and Film Coating

Operations 3/8/96 7/23/96 5/4/99 64 FR 23774 Baseline measure

1130 Graphic Arts 10/8/99 1/2 1/00 9/13/00 65 FR 55201 Baseline measure

1130.1 Screen Printing Operations 12/13/96 3/3/97 8/21/98 63 FR 44792 Baseline measure

1131 Food Product Manufacturing and

Processing Operations 6/6/03 8/11/03 1/22/04 69 FR 3018 Baseline measure

1132 Further Co ntrol of VOC from High

Emitting Spray Booths 5/5/06 1/10/10 4/26/04 69 FR 22445 Baseline measure

1133, 1133.1, 1133.2 Composting and Related Operations 1/10/03 6/5/03 7/ 21/04 69 FR 43518 Baseline measure

1134 NOx from Stationary Gas Turbines 8/8/97 3/10 /98 8/1/00 65 FR 46873 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1135 NOx from Electric Power Generating

Systems 7/9/91 1/28/92 8/11/98 63 FR 42721 Baseline measure

1136 Wood Products Coatings 6/14/96 8/28/96 8/18/98 63 FR 44132 Baseline measure

1137 PM10 Reduction from Woodwo rking

Operations 2/1/02 11/9/02 1/22/04 69 FR 3018 Baseline measure

1138 Control of Emissions from Restaurant

Operations 11/14/97 3/10/98 7/11/01 66 FR 36170 Baseline measure

1140 Abrasive Blasting 8/2/85 11/12/85 09/28/81 46 FR 47451 Baseline measure

1 141 Control of VOC Emissions from

Resin Manufacturing 11/17/00 3/14/01 8/13/02 67 FR 52611 Baseline measure

1141.1 Coatings and Ink Manufacturing 11/17/00 3/14/01 2/12/02 67 FR 6410 Baseline measure

1141.2 Surfactant Manufacturing 1/11/02 5/21/02 8/26/03 68 FR 51181 Baseline measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1142 Marine Tank Vessel Operations 7/19/91 01/28/92 12/13/94 59 FR 64132 Baseline measure

1143 Consumer paint thinners and

multipurpose solvents 12/3/10 4/5/11 6/ 23 /11 proposed approval signed n/a Control strategy

measure

1144 Metalworking fluids and direct

contact lubricants 7/9/10 4/5/11 7/15/11 Proposed approval: 76 FR 417 44 Control strategy

measure

1145 Plastic, Rubber, Leather and Glass

Coatings 12/3/09 5/17/10 7/ 15 / 11 Proposed approval: 76 FR 417 44 Control strategy

measure

1146 NOx from Industrial, Institutional, and

Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters 9/5/08 7/20/10 7/8 /2011 Proposed limited approval/lim

ited disapproval : 76 FR 40303 Control strategy

measure

1146.1 NOx from Industrial, Insti tutional, and

Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters 9/5/08 7/20/10 7/8 /2011 Proposed limited approval/lim

ited disapproval : 76 FR 40303 Control strategy

measure

1146.2 NOx from Large Water Heaters and

Small Boilers 5/5/06 3/7/08 12/5/ 08 73 FR 74027 Baseline measure

1147 NOx Reductions from Miscellaneous

Sources 12/5/08 5/17/10 8/4/10 75 FR 46845 Control strategy measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1148 Thermally Enhanced Oil Recovery

Wells 11/5/82 2/3/83 10/19/84 49 FR 41028 Baseline measure

1148.1 Oil and gas production wells 0 3/ 0 5/04 0 1/10/10 Direct final approval signed 9/7/11 n/a first time this rule has been submitted to EPA

1149 Storage Tank Degassing 05/02/08 04/06/09 12/21/09 74 FR 67821 Control strategy measure

1150.1 Control of Gaseous Emissions from

Active Landfills 0 3/17/00 0 7/26/00 0 7/ 0 1/02 67 FR 44062 Baseline measure

1151 Motor Vehicle and Mobile Equipment

Non

- Assembly Line Coating Operations 12/ 0 2/05 0 6/

0 4/09 12/29/09 74 FR 68759 Baseline measure

1153 Commercial Bakery Ovens 0 1/13/95 0 2/2 4/95 0 8/ 0 8/95 60 FR 40285 Baseline measure

1156 PM10 Emissions Reductions from

Cement Manufacturing 3/6/09 4/29/09 3/10/08 73 FR 12639 Control s trategy measure

1157 PM10 Emissions Reductions from

Aggregate and Related Operations 9/8/06 5/17/10 n/a n/a Ba seline and control strategy measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1158 Storage, Handling and Transport of

Petroleum Coke 7/11/08 12/23/08 11/10/09 74 FR 57907 Control strategy measure

1159 Nitric Acid Units

- NOx

- 12/6/85 2/10/86 7/12/90 55 FR 28622 Baseline measure

1162 Polyester Resin Operations 7/8/05 4/6/09 2/12/02 67 FR 6410 Baseline measure

1164 Semiconductor Manufacturing 1/13/95 2/24/95 2/1/96 61 FR 3579 Baseline measure

1166 VOC Emissions from Decontaminated

Soil 7/14/95 10/13/95 8/17/98 63 FR 43884 Baseline measure

1168 Adhesive and Sealant Applications 1/7/05 4/29/09 12/12/03 68 FR 69320 Baseline measure

1171 Solvent Cleaning Operations 02/01/08 4/5/11 7/27/04 69 FR 44599 Baseline and control strategy measureTable Appendix B

- 1 

### Status of South Coast Air Quality Management District Rules

for NO x , 

### VOC, P M, and SO x

Rule No. Rule Date of Most Recent Rule Adopted/ Revised Date of Most

Recent Rule Submitted Date of Most

Recent Rule Approved Federal

Register Cite Comments

1173 Fugitive VOC Emissions 2/6/09 1/10/10 5/5/10 75 FR 244 06 Baseline and c ontrol strategy measure

1174 Control of VOC Emissions from the

Ignition of Barbecue Charcoal 10/5/90 5/13/91 10/4/94 59 FR 50498 Baseline measure

1175 Control of Emissions from the

Manufacture of Polymeric Cellular (Foam) Products 9/7/07 3/7/08 5/5/10 75 FR 24406 Baseline measure and control strategy measure

1176 Sumps and Wastewater Separators 9/3/96 11/26/96 10/7/02 67 FR 62376 Baseline measure

1178 Further Reductions of VOC Emissions

From Storage Tanks at Petroleum Facilities 12/21/ 01 5/21/02 8/26/03 68 FR 51181 Baseline measure

1179 Publicly Owned Treatment Works

Operations 3/6/92 9/14/92 10/4/94 58 FR 50498 Baseline measure

1186 PM10 Emissions from Paved and

Unpaved Roads and Livestock Operations 7/11/08 12/23/08 11/14/05 70 FR 6 9081 Baseline and control strategy measure.

1189 Emission from Hydrogen Plant

Process Vents 1/21/00 7/26/00 6/8/01 66 FR 30815 Baseline measure

2000

- 2015 RECLAIM 11/4/10 4/5/11 August 12, 2011 76 FR 50128 Baseline and control strategy measure