Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 89 / Friday, May 8, 2015 / Proposed Rules 26475 

1For editorial reasons, upon codification in the 

U.S. Code, Part C was re-designated Part A–1. 

2All references to EPCA refer to the statute as 

amended through the American Energy 

Manufacturing Technical Corrections Act 

(AEMTCA), Public Law 112–210 (Dec. 18, 2012). 

Subpart C—Provisions for 

Implementing the Blueberry 

Promotion, Research and Information 

Order 

§ 1218.520 Late payment and interest 

charges for past due assessments. 

(1) A late payment charge will be 

imposed on any handler who fails to 

make timely remittance to the Council 

of the total assessments for which they 

are liable. The late payment will be 

imposed on any assessments not 

received within 30 calendar days of the 

date when assessments are due. This 

one-time late payment charge will be 5 

percent of the assessments due before 

interest charges have accrued. 

(2) In addition to the late payment 

charge, 1 percent per month interest on 

the outstanding balance, including any 

late payment and accrued interest, will 

be added to any accounts for which 

payment has not been received within 

30 calendar days of the date when 

assessments are due. Interest will 

continue to accrue monthly until the 

outstanding balance is paid to the 

Council. 

Dated: April 30, 2015. 

Rex A. Barnes, 

Associate Administrator. 

[FR Doc. 2015–10449 Filed 5–7–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 3410–02–P 

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 

10 CFR Part 431 

[Docket Number EERE–2015–BT–STD– 

0008] 

RIN 1904–AD52 

Energy Conservation Program for 

Certain Industrial Equipment: Energy 

Conservation Standards for DedicatedPurpose Pool Pumps; Request for 

Information 

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and 

Renewable Energy, Department of 

Energy. 

ACTION: Request for information (RFI). 

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of 

Energy (DOE) is requesting information 

to inform a potential rulemaking to 

consider new energy conservation 

standards for dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps. Pumps, which are already 

covered equipment under the Energy 

Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, as 

amended (EPCA), come in a variety of 

forms—including dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps. This RFI seeks to solicit 

information to help DOE determine the 

feasibility of developing energy 

conservation standards and an 

appropriate test procedure for this 

equipment. This RFI outlines the 

potential scope that could be involved 

in regulating dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps, possible industry-based testing 

methods that could be used to evaluate 

the efficiency of this equipment, and the 

types of information that would be 

needed in analyzing the potential for 

setting standards for this equipment. 

This RFI also solicits the public for 

information to help inform DOE’s efforts 

in evaluating the prospect of regulating 

this equipment. 

DATES: Written comments and 

information are requested on or before 

June 22, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Interested persons are 

encouraged to submit comments using 

the Federal eRulemaking Portal at: 

http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the 

instructions for submitting comments. 

Alternatively, interested persons may 

submit comments, identified by Docket 

number EERE–2015–BT–STD–0008, by 

any of the following methods: 

(1) Email: to 

PoolPumps2015STD0008@ee.doe.gov. 

Include EERE–2015–BT–STD–0008 in 

the subject line of the message. Submit 

electronic comments in WordPerfect, 

Microsoft Word, PDF, or ASCII file 

format, and avoid the use of special 

characters or any form of encryption. 

(2) Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. 

Department of Energy, Building 

Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J, 

Revisions to Energy Efficiency 

Enforcement Regulations, EERE–2015– 

BT–STD–0008, 1000 Independence 

Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585– 

0121. Phone: (202) 586–2945. If 

possible, please submit all items on a 

CD, in which case it is not necessary to 

include printed copies. 

(3) Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. 

Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of 

Energy, Building Technologies Program, 

6th Floor, 950 L’Enfant Plaza SW., 

Washington, DC 20024. Phone: (202) 

586–2945. If possible, please submit all 

items on a CD, in which case it is not 

necessary to include printed copies. 

(4) Instructions: All submissions 

received must include the agency name 

and docket number or RIN for this 

rulemaking. 

Docket: For access to the docket to 

read background documents, or 

comments received, go to the Federal 

eRulemaking Portal at http://

www.regulations.gov. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Requests for additional information may 

be sent to Mr. John Cymbalsky, U.S. 

Department of Energy, Office of Energy 

Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 

Building Technologies Program, EE–2J, 

1000 Independence Avenue SW., 

Washington, DC 20585–0121. 

Telephone: (202) 586–7935. Email: 

pumps@ee.doe.gov. 

Mr. Michael Kido, U.S. Department of 

Energy, Office of the General Counsel, 

GC–33, 1000 Independence Avenue 

SW., Washington, DC 20585–0121. 

Telephone: (202) 586–8145. Email: 

michael.kido@hq.doe.gov. 

For information on how to submit or 

review public comments, contact Ms. 

Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of 

Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and 

Renewable Energy, Building 

Technologies Program, Mailstop EE–2J, 

1000 Independence Avenue SW., 

Washington, DC 20585–0121. 

Telephone: (202) 586–2945. Email: 

Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents 

I. Introduction 

A. Statutory Authority 

B. Background 

C. Regulatory Process 

II. Discussion 

A. Review of Existing Regulatory and 

Voluntary Programs 

1. California Energy Commission 

2. ENERGY STAR 

3. Consortium for Energy Efficiency 

4. Australia and New Zealand 

5. European Union 

B. Scope 

1. Definitions 

2. Phase, Horsepower, and Application 

3. Product Type 

4. Sales Configuration 

C. Test Procedure and Rating Metrics 

D. Data Needs for Rulemaking Analyses 

1. Market and Technology Assessment 

2. Energy Use Analysis 

3. Manufacturer Impact Analysis 

III. Public Participation 

I. Introduction 

A. Statutory Authority 

Title III, Part C1 of the Energy Policy 

and Conservation Act of 1975 (‘‘EPCA’’ 

or, in context, ‘‘the Act’’), Public Law 

94–163, (42 U.S.C. 6311–6317, as 

codified) established the Energy 

Conservation Program for Certain 

Industrial Equipment, a program 

covering certain industrial equipment.2

‘‘Pumps’’ are listed as a type of covered 

industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 

6311(1)(A)) Under EPCA, the energy 

conservation program consists 

essentially of four parts: (1) Testing, (2) 

labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation 


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26476 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 89 / Friday, May 8, 2015 / Proposed Rules 

standards, and (4) certification and 

enforcement procedures. 

While pumps are treated as a type of 

covered equipment, EPCA does not 

define what a pump is. To address this 

issue, DOE recently published a notice 

of proposed rulemaking (‘‘NOPR’’) that 

would establish definitions and test 

procedures for pumps. That proposal 

(hereafter ‘‘the pumps test procedure 

NOPR’’), proposed to define dedicatedpurpose pool pumps to be a category of 

pump. 80 FR 17586, 17641 (April 1, 

2015). 

B. Background 

Currently, no Federal energy 

conservation standards exist for any 

types of pumps, including dedicatedpurpose pool pumps (i.e. ‘‘pool 

pumps’’). DOE excluded this category of 

pumps from its recent efforts to develop 

consensus-based energy conservation 

standards and an appropriate test 

procedure for pumps. See 80 FR 17826 

(April 2, 2015) (proposing consensusbased energy conservation standards for 

pumps) and 80 FR 17586 (April 1, 2015) 

(proposing test procedures for certain 

categories of pumps). Those efforts, 

which were the product of a pumps 

working group (‘‘working group’’) that 

had been created through the Appliance 

Standards Rulemaking Federal Advisory 

Committee (‘‘ASRAC’’), examined a 

variety of categories of pumps. While 

pool pumps were one of the pump 

categories that were actively considered 

during the working group’s discussions 

to regulate pump energy consumption, 

the working group ultimately 

recommended that DOE initiate a 

separate rulemaking to address this 

category of pumps. (Docket No. EERE– 

2013–BT–NOC–0039, No. 0092 at p. 2) 

Consistent with that recommendation, 

DOE is issuing this request for 

information (‘‘RFI’’) to examine the 

feasibility of establishing standards for 

pool pumps. The working group’s 

recommendations and related 

documentation are contained in Docket 

No. EERE–2013–BT–NOC–0039, which 

is available at http://

www.regulations.gov. 

C. Regulatory Process 

Prior to issuing a proposed 

rulemaking to establish energy 

conservation standards for a given type 

of product or equipment, DOE typically 

issues a Framework document, in which 

DOE describes the issues, analyses, and 

process that it is considering for the 

development of energy conservation 

standards. After receiving comment on 

the Framework document, DOE 

typically prepares a preliminary 

analysis and associated preliminary 

Technical Support Document (‘‘TSD’’). 

The preliminary analysis provides 

interested parties with an initial draft of 

potential energy conservation standard 

levels that DOE may consider along 

with their potential impacts on 

consumers, manufacturers, and the 

nation. 

Following these steps, DOE would 

publish a NOPR to propose a new or 

amended conservation standard. As 

with the prior steps outlined above, 

DOE would afford interested parties an 

opportunity to provide oral and written 

comment on the proposal. See generally 

42 U.S.C. 6295(p) and 6316(a). The 

NOPR presents DOE’s proposed energy 

conservation standard levels and a 

summary of both the burdens and 

benefits of the proposed standards, 

pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) 

and 6313(a). The details of DOE’s 

standards analysis are provided in an 

accompanying TSD. After receiving and 

considering comments on the NOPR, 

DOE may issue a final rule that would 

prescribe new energy conservation 

standards. The analysis of any final 

standards would also be contained in a 

TSD accompanying the final rule. 

In a test procedure rulemaking, DOE 

prepares a NOPR and provides 

interested parties an opportunity to 

present oral and written comments, 

data, information, views and arguments 

with respect to such test procedure. (42 

U.S.C. 6314(b)) DOE takes into account 

relevant information and comments 

submitted by interested parties and will 

adopt any new test procedures, 

including relevant sampling provisions 

and rating information, in a test 

procedure final rule. 

With respect to the dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps at issue, DOE is 

considering, but has not yet decided, to 

use an alternative rulemaking approach 

to the one described above. In 

particular, DOE is considering pursuing 

a negotiated rulemaking. In DOE’s 

experience, a negotiated rulemaking can 

be an efficient and effective mechanism 

for establishing test procedures and 

energy conservation standards for 

commercial equipment, especially for 

equipment that has not previously been 

subject to Federal standards. Using this 

approach, DOE would engage in 

discussions with interested parties (in 

lieu of the Framework document and 

preliminary analysis stages) to help 

frame and develop the specifics of the 

NOPR, which would be subject to 

public comment prior to the issuance of 

a final rule. 

Issue 1: DOE requests feedback on 

whether a negotiated rulemaking would 

be an appropriate mechanism to pursue 

energy conservation standards and test 

procedures for dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps. If commenters believe a 

negotiated rulemaking should be 

pursued for dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps, DOE requests suggestions from 

interested parties regarding persons or 

entities that might be interested in 

taking part in such a negotiation, 

including efficiency advocates, 

manufacturers, customers, utility 

representatives, and any other interested 

parties. 

Should DOE decide to initiate a 

rulemaking to explore new energy 

conservation standards for dedicatedpurpose pool pumps, DOE is required to 

follow certain statutory criteria. EPCA 

requires that any new or amended 

energy conservation standard be 

designed to achieve the maximum 

improvement in energy efficiency that is 

technologically feasible and 

economically justified. (42 U.S.C. 

6295(o)(2)(A) and 6316(a)) To determine 

whether a standard is economically 

justified, DOE must determine whether 

the benefits of the standard exceed its 

burdens by considering, to the greatest 

extent practicable, seven factors. (42 

U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) and 6316(a)) 

These factors, as well as the series of 

analyses DOE conducts to fulfill these 

requirements, are shown in Table I.1 

TABLE I.1—ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT REQUIREMENTS AND CORRESPONDING DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

ANALYSES

EPCA requirement Corresponding DOE analyses 

Technological Feasibility .......................................................................... • Market and Technology Assessment. 

• Screening Analysis. 

• Engineering Analysis. 


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3California Energy Commission. ‘‘Appliance 

Efficiency Regulations.’’ December 2006. CEC–400– 

2006–002–REV2. Available at: http://www.energy.

ca.gov/2006publications/CEC-400-2006-002/CEC400-2006-002-REV2.PDF. 

4See, e.g. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 44–1375 (2015); Conn. 

Agencies Regs. § 16a–48.4 (2015); Fla. Stat. Ann. 

§ 533.909 (2015); and Wash. Rev. Code Ann. 

§ 19.260.040 (2015). 

5 Defined as: A motor that employs a main 

winding with a starting winding to start the motor. 

After the motor has attained approximately 75 

percent of rated speed, the starting winding is 

automatically disconnected by means of a 

centrifugal switch or by a relay. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 

20, § 1602, subd. (g). 

6 Defined as: A motor that uses a capacitor via the 

starting winding to start an induction motor, where 

the capacitor is switched out by a centrifugal switch 

once the motor is up to speed. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 

20, § 1602, subd. (g). 

7 Defined as a value equal to the product of 

motor’s nameplate hp and service factor and also 

referred to a ‘‘total hp,’’ where ‘‘service factor (of 

an AC motor)’’ means a multiplier which, when 

applied to the rated hp, indicates a permissible hp 

loading which can be carried under the conditions 

specified for the service factor. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 

20, § 1602, subd. (g). 

8California Energy Commission, 2014 Appliance 

Efficiency Regulations, available at http:// 

www.energy.ca.gov/2014publications/CEC-400-

2014-009/CEC-400-2014-009-CMF.pdf. 

9 Defined as a replacement motor intended to be 

coupled to an existing residential pool pump that 

is used to circulate and filter pool water in order 

to maintain clarity and sanitation. Cal. Code Regs., 

tit. 20, § 1602, subd. (g). 

TABLE I.1—ENERGY POLICY AND CONSERVATION ACT REQUIREMENTS AND CORRESPONDING DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

ANALYSES—Continued 

EPCA requirement Corresponding DOE analyses 

Economic Justification (7 Factors) 

1. Economic impact on manufacturers and consumers ........................... • Manufacturer Impact Analysis. 

• Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis. 

• Life-Cycle Cost Subgroup Analysis. 

• Shipments Analysis. 

2. Lifetime operating cost savings compared to increased cost for the 

product.

• Markups for Product Price Determination. 

• Energy Use Determination. 

• Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis. 

3. Total projected energy savings ............................................................ • Shipments Analysis. 

• National Impact Analysis. 

4. Impact on utility or performance .......................................................... • Screening Analysis. 

• Engineering Analysis. 

5. Impact of any lessening of competition ............................................... • Manufacturer Impact Analysis. 

6. Need for national energy conservation ................................................ • Shipments Analysis. 

• National Impact Analysis. 

• Emissions Analysis. 

• Utility Impact Analysis. 

• Monetization of Emission Reductions Benefits. 

7. Other factors the Secretary considers relevant ................................... These factors are rulemaking-specific. 

II. Discussion 

A. Review of Existing Regulatory and 

Voluntary Programs 

DOE reviewed several existing and 

proposed regulatory and voluntary 

energy conservation programs for pool 

pumps. These programs are described 

below. 

1. California Energy Commission 

The California Energy Commission 

(CEC) first issued standards for 

residential pool pumps under the 

California Code of Regulations 2006.3

See Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, § 1601–1608 

(2013). The CEC standards were 

subsequently adopted by a number of 

other States.4 The CEC’s regulations 

cover all residential pool pump and 

motor combinations, replacement 

residential pool pump motors, and 

portable electric spas. 

The CEC’s current standard has 

prescriptive design requirements 

instead of performance based 

regulations for residential pool pump 

and motor combinations. See Cal. Code 

Regs., tit. 20, § 1605.3, subd. (g)(5). The 

CEC defines ‘‘residential pool pump and 

motor combination’’ as a residential 

pool pump motor coupled to a 

residential pool pump. ‘‘Residential 

pool pump’’ is defined as an impeller 

attached to a motor that is used to 

circulate and filter pool water in order 

to maintain clarity and sanitation. 

‘‘Residential pool pump motor’’ refers to 

a motor that is used as a replacement 

residential pool pump motor or as part 

of a residential pool pump and motor 

combination. (Motors used in these 

applications are electrically-driven.) 

The CEC imposes a design standard that 

prohibits the use of split phase start 5

and capacitor start—induction run 6

motor designs in residential pool pump 

motors manufactured on or after January 

1, 2006. (Id. § 1605.3, subd. (g)(5)(A)) 

The CEC also requires that residential 

pool pump motors with a motor 

capacity 7 of 1 horsepower (hp) or 

greater manufactured on or after January 

1, 2010, have the capability of operating 

at two or more speeds. The ‘‘low’’ speed 

must have a rotation rate that is no more 

than one-half of the motor’s maximum 

rotation rate, and must be operated with 

an applicable multi-speed pump 

control. (Id. § 1605.3, subd. (g)(5)(B)) 

The CEC also prescribes design 

requirements for pump controls. Pump 

motor controls that are manufactured on 

or after January 1, 2008, and are sold for 

use with a pump that has two or more 

speeds are required to be capable of 

operating the pool pump at a minimum 

of two speeds. The default circulation 

speed setting shall be no more than onehalf of the motor’s maximum rotation 

rate, and high speed overrides should be 

temporary and not for a period 

exceeding 24 hours. (Id. § 1605.3, subd. 

(g)(5)(B)) 8

In addition to these prescriptive 

design requirements, the CEC also 

requires manufacturers of residential 

pool pump and motor combinations and 

manufacturers of replacement 

residential pool pump motors 9 to report 

certain data regarding the characteristics 

of their certified equipment. This 

includes information necessary to verify 

compliance with the requirements of 

§ 1605.3(g)(5), as well as the tested flow 

and input power of the equipment at 

several specific load points. 

Manufacturers must also submit the 

pool pump and motor combinations’ 

Energy Factor (EF) in gallons per Watthour (gal/Wh) when tested in 

accordance with the specified test 

procedure for residential pool pumps. 

See Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, § 1604(g)(3) 


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26478 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 89 / Friday, May 8, 2015 / Proposed Rules 

10Analysis of Standards Proposal for Presidential 

Swimming Pool and Portable Spa Equipment, 

California Energy Commission. Available at http:// 

www.energy.ca.gov/appliances/2013rulemaking/

documents/proposals/12-AAER-2F_Residential_

Pool_Pumps_and_Replacement_Motors/California_

IOUs_Response_to_the_Invitation_to_Submit_

Proposals_for_Pool_and_Spas_2013-07-29_TN71756.pdf. 

11Total hp is the product of motor service factor 

and motor nameplate (rated) hp. 12ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency and DOE that 

establishes a voluntary rating, certification, and 

labeling program for highly energy efficient 

consumer products and commercial equipment. 

Information on the program is available at 

www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=home.index. 

13U.S. EPA. ‘‘ENERGY STAR® Program 

Requirements for Pool Pumps Version 1.0’’. 

Available at http://www.energystar.gov/sites/

default/files/specs//private/ENERGY%20STAR%20

Pool%20Pump%20Version

%201%200%20Program%20Requirements%202–

15-2013.pdf. 

14 Defined as a primary filter pump intended for 

installation with a permanently installed 

Residential Aboveground/Onground Swimming 

Pool as defined in ANSI/APSP- 4 2007, ‘‘Standard 

for Aboveground/Onground Residential Swimming 

Pools.’’ 

15 Defined as a pump intended for purposes other 

than a primary pool filter pump, i.e. such as a pool 

cleaner booster pump or water feature pumps. 

16 Defined as a pump intended for installation 

with a non-permanently installed residential spa as 

defined in ANSI/NSPI–6 (ANSI/NSPI–6 1999), 

‘‘Standard for Portable Spas.’’ Sometimes referred to 

as a hot tub pump, but not a jetted bathtub pump. 

17Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE). ‘‘High 

Efficiency Residential Swimming Pool Initiative: 

Pool Pump Specification.’’ January 1, 2013. 

Available at: http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/

files/library/9987/cee_residential_pool_pump_

specification_90947.pdf. Consortium for Energy 

Efficiency (CEE). ‘‘High Efficiency Residential 

Swimming Pool Initiative: Pool Pump Control 

Specification.’’ January 1, 2013. Available at: 

http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/files/library/

9988/cee_residential_pool_pump_control_

specification_29414.pdf. 

(see section II.C below for more 

information). 

DOE understands that the CEC is 

considering revising its pool pump 

regulations. A recent report by the CEC, 

‘‘Analysis of Standards Proposal for 

Residential Swimming Pool and 

Portable Spa Equipment,’’ 10 considers 

updated regulations for all single-phase 

dedicated-purpose pool pump motors 

under 5 total hp (THP).11 This report 

recommends that pool pump motors be 

covered regardless of whether they are 

sold with a new pump, or sold as 

replacement for use with an existing 

pump wet-end. The report also 

recommends regulating pool pump 

motors regardless of whether it is used 

in an application that requires filtration. 

Additionally, the report recommends 

that the CEC move to performance based 

standards, rather than prescriptive 

design requirements. 

2. ENERGY STAR 

The ENERGY STAR® 12 specifications 

for pool pumps 13 provide criteria for 

how a product can earn the ENERGY 

STAR label. The specification is 

applicable to single-phase residential 

inground pool pumps that are singlespeed, multi-speed, variable-speed, or 

variable-flow, and have a hp rating of 

between >0.5 and ≤4 THP. ENERGY 

STAR defines a residential inground 

pool pump as a primary filter pump 

intended for installation with a 

permanently installed Residential 

Inground Swimming Pool with 

dimensions as defined in American 

National Standards Institute (ANSI)/

National Spa and Pool Institute (NSPI)– 

5 (ANSI/NSPI–5 2003), ‘‘Standard for 

Residential Inground Swimming Pools.’’ 

Further, ENERGY STAR specifically 

excludes residential above ground pool 

pumps,14 residential auxiliary pool 

pumps,15 and residential portable spa 

pumps 16 from ENERGY STAR 

certification. 

The ENERGY STAR specifications for 

residential pool pumps establish a 

required EF for the equipment. EF is 

defined as the volume of water pumped 

in gallons, divided by the electrical 

energy consumed by the pump motor 

while pumping that water. The EF 

rating is established separately for 

single-speed and multi-speed pumps, as 

shown in Table II.1. 

TABLE II.1—POOL PUMP ENERGY FACTOR CRITERIA AT POOL PUMP PERFORMANCE CURVE A * 

Pump sub-type Speed setting 

Energy 

efficiency 

level 

(gal/Wh) 

Single-speed pump ......................................................................................................... Single-Speed .............................................. EF ≥3.80 

Multi-speed, Variable-speed and Variable-flow pump .................................................... Most Efficient Speed .................................. EF ≥3.80 

* ENERGY STAR requires that residential inground pool pumps be tested in accordance with their Final Test Method, that is established as 

part of the ENERGY specification. The ENERGY STAR Final Test Method defines three curves that are applicable to the testing of pool pumps, 

Curve A, B, and C. See http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/specs//private/ENERGY%20STAR%20Pool%20Pump%20Version%

201%200%20Program%20Requirements%202-15-2013.pdf. 

Regarding multi-speed pumps, 

ENERGY STAR specifically excludes 

multi-speed pumps with manual pump 

controls that are not sold ready to 

connect to external pump controls. 

ENERGY STAR also differentiates 

between variable-speed pumps that can 

operate at continuously variable speeds 

and variable-flow pumps that are 

equipped with controls that can 

continuously vary speed to control flow. 

3. Consortium for Energy Efficiency 

Effective on January 1, 2013, the 

Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) 

established voluntary testing, rating, 

and labeling requirements to encourage 

the market penetration of highefficiency swimming pool pumps and 

pool pump controllers.17 CEE’s testing 

and performance requirements for pool 

pumps features two ‘‘tiers’’ and are 

specified in terms of EF. These 

requirements are shown in Table II.2. 

TABLE II.2—CEE TIER 1 AND 2 EF REQUIREMENTS

Efficiency level Lower speed * EF 

(gal/Wh) 

Low speed ** 

EF 

(gal/Wh) 

High speed † 

EF 

(gal/Wh) 

CEE Tier 1 .................................................................... No requirement ............................................................. ≥3.8 ≥1.6 

CEE Tier 2 .................................................................... ≥12.0 ............................................................................. ≥5.5 ≥1.7 

* Where ‘‘lower speed’ is the optimal or most efficient speed for the pool pump, likely ranging from 600 to 1200 RPM. 


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18Summary of the Voluntary Energy Rating 

Labelling Program for Swimming Pool Pump-Units 

Available at: http://www.energyrating.gov.au/forindustry/regulation-information-for-industry/

product-standards/overview/as5102/. 

19 Voluntary Energy Rating Labelling Program for 

Swimming Pool Pump-Units: Rules for 

Participation. Available at: http:// 

www.energyrating.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/

2011/02/201002-swimmingpoolpump-labelling1.p

df. 

20The standard explicitly exclude residential 

pool pumps designed for use in spa baths (i.e., 

water retaining structures less than or equal to 680 

liters/180 gallons). 

22Work on Preparatory studies for implementing 

measures of the Ecodesign Directive 2009/125/EC: 

ENER Lot 29—Pumps for Private and Public 

Swimming Pools, Ponds, Fountains, and Aquariums 

(and clean water pumps larger than those regulated 

under ENER Lot 11) Tasks 1–8. Available at: 

http://lot29.ecopumps.eu/documents. 

** Where ‘‘low speed’’ is either the minimum speed for two-speed pumps or half the maximum speed for variable-speed pumps, typically 1725 

RPM. 

† Where ‘‘high speed’’ is the maximum operating speed of the pump, usually 3450 RPM. 

CEE’s performance requirements for 

pool pump controls feature two tiers, 

with similar requirements to those 

adopted by the CEC. Under the CEE 

program, a pool pump control must: 

(1) have the ability to operate the pool 

pump at either two (for tier 1) or more 

than two (for tier 2) speeds; 

(2) contain a default filtration speed 

that is no more than one-half of the 

motor’s maximum rotation speed; and 

(3) contain a default setting that 

returns the pool pump to the lowest 

user preset speed within one cycle, or 

24 hours. 

4. Australia and New Zealand 

The Australia state and territory 

governments and the New Zealand 

government operate the Energy Rating 

Labeling Program. The Energy Rating 

program established the voluntary 

Energy Rating Labeling Program for 

swimming pool pump-units in April 

2010.18 This program establishes 

testing, labeling, and minimum 

efficiency requirements for swimming 

pool pumps for suppliers who choose to 

participate.19 The program relies on 

Australian Standard (AS) 5102–2009, 

‘‘Performance of household electrical 

appliances—Swimming pool pump— 

units, Parts 1 and 2’’ (AS 5102–2009) as 

the basis for the efficiency levels and 

testing requirements for residential pool 

pumps. The AS 5102–2009 standard: 

(1) Applies to pumps intended to be 

used in swimming pools and spa pools; 

(2) covers all single-phase pumps that 

are capable of a flow rate equal to or 

greater than 120 L/min (32 gpm); 

(3) applies to single-speed, dualspeed, multi-speed, and variable-speed 

pumps with an input power of less than 

or equal to 2500 W for any of the 

available speeds; 

(4) covers pumps for the circulation of 

water through pool filters, sanitization 

devices, cleaning devices, water heaters 

(including solar), and pumps for 

circulation of water through spa or jet 

outlets or other features forming part of 

the pool; 

(5) covers newly manufactured pumps 

that form part of a complete new pool 

installation or intended for sale as 

replacements for existing pools; and 

(6) covers all water-retaining 

structures designed for human use— 

(i) that are capable of holding more 

than 680 liters of water 20 (179.6 

gallons), and 

(ii) that incorporate, or are connected 

to, equipment that is capable of filtering 

and heating any water contained in it 

and injecting air bubbles or water into 

it under pressure so as to cause water 

turbulence. 

The minimum energy performance 

standard (MEPS) in part 2 of AS 5102– 

2009 is stated in terms of a minimum 

EF. Specifically, the current MEPS is 8 

liters/watt-hour (2.09 gallons/Wh). 

5. European Union 

The European Union is considering 

regulations for private and public pool 

pumps. In 2014, the European 

Commission completed a study on 

pumps for private and public swimming 

pools, along with other pump products 

under the Ecodesign Directive.21 The 

goal of the study is to provide the 

European Commission with an 

assessment of the energy savings 

potential and feasibility of different 

types of performance-based or design 

standards for such equipment. The 

study considered input from various 

stakeholders, including representatives 

from manufacturing companies, energy 

efficiency advocates, and government 

agencies. The Ecodesign Directive 

published the results of their study on 

March 28, 2014.22 DOE has reviewed the 

available information and will continue 

to monitor these efforts. 

B. Scope 

The CIP Working Group 

recommended that DOE initiate a 

separate rulemaking for dedicatedpurpose pool pumps. (Docket No. 

EERE–2013–BT–NOC–0039, No. 92) 

Therefore, in the pumps test procedure 

NOPR, DOE proposed to explicitly 

define the category of pumps referred to 

as dedicated-purpose pool pumps, 

based on their distinct construction and 

resulting operational characteristics and 

utility, and also proposed that the test 

procedure proposed in the NOPR would 

not address or be applicable to such 

pumps. See 80 FR 17586, 17597 (April 

1, 2015). 

In considering the establishment of 

test procedures and energy conservation 

standards for dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps, DOE would first establish the 

criteria specifying the scope of 

applicable equipment that would be 

regulated, including physical 

characteristics, operating parameters, 

equipment types, and equipment 

configuration. 

1. Definitions 

In the pumps test procedure NOPR, 

DOE proposed a new definition for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps. DOE 

intended for this definition to apply to 

pumps used to circulate water through 

the filtration system in a stationary pool. 

Based on input from interested parties 

provided during the negotiated 

rulemaking process (Docket No. EERE– 

2013–BT–NOC–0039, No. 62 at p. 195), 

DOE used the presence of an integrated 

basket strainer to differentiate 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps from 

other end suction close-coupled (ESCC) 

and end suction frame-mounted (ESFM) 

pumps that may otherwise be within the 

scope of the pumps test procedure 

NOPR. 80 FR at 17597. The proposed 

definition would treat an end suction 

pump designed specifically to circulate 

water in a pool and that includes an 

integrated basket strainer as a dedicatedpurpose pool pump. See 80 FR at 17641. 

DOE’s preliminary review of industry 

literature indicates that although most 

models marketed as pool pumps are 

sold with an integrated basket strainer, 

some are sold without one. Of the 

models sold without a basket strainer, 

most are configured to accept a basket 

strainer that is sold separately. 

DOE notes that non-self-priming end 

suction pumps that are used in pool 

applications but are sold without an 

integrated basket strainer and are ≥1 hp 

will meet the definition of either an 

ESCC or ESFM pump as proposed in the 

pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 

17641 (April 1, 2015). DOE also notes 

that self-priming pumps of any hp, and 

<1 hp pool pumps sold without an 

integrated basket strainer, would not 

meet the proposed definition of an 

ESCC or ESFM pump. Id. 

Issue 2: DOE requests comment on 

whether the proposed definition of 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps, as 

detailed in the pumps test procedure 


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26480 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 89 / Friday, May 8, 2015 / Proposed Rules 

23 ‘‘Hydraulic head’’ is a term used to describe the 

liquid pressure in a system and is typically 

measured in terms of the height of a column of the 

fluid above a reference plane that would result in 

an equivalent pressure. 

24 ‘‘ENERGY STAR® Residential Swimming Pool 

Pump Specification Framework’’, Available at 

http://www.energystar.gov/sites/default/files/

specs//private/Pool_Pump_Specification_

Framework.pdf. 

NOPR, 80 FR at 17641, should be 

modified—and if so, what changes 

should be made. One item of specific 

interest to DOE is whether the definition 

should explicitly account for the selfpriming feature described above. DOE 

also seeks comment regarding how best 

to handle those pump models marketed 

as pool pumps but are not sold with a 

basket strainer. 

Issue 3: DOE seeks information and 

data regarding the percentage of pool 

pump sales that involve models that are 

sold without integrated basket strainers. 

2. Phase, Horsepower, and Application 

The definition of dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps proposed in the pumps test 

procedure NOPR is not limited by 

operational parameters or 

characteristics. However, DOE may 

consider limiting the scope of any 

applicable dedicated-purpose pool 

pump regulations based on certain 

operating characteristics, including 

motor phase (single- versus multi-phase) 

and horsepower (hp) (THP or rated 

nameplate hp; minimum or maximum 

hp). 

DOE’s review of regulatory and 

voluntary programs indicates that some 

programs include maximum and 

minimum hp limits, as well as phase 

limitations. For example, the ENERGY 

STAR pool pump specification is only 

applicable to single-phase residential 

inground pool pumps that have a hp 

rating of between >0.5 and ≥4 THP. 

Aside from phase and THP limits, no 

other distinguishing characteristics have 

been identified. 

DOE reviewed available product 

literature and found that dedicatedpurpose pool pumps that meet the 

definition proposed in the pumps test 

procedure NOPR 80 FR 17586, 17641 

(April 1, 2015) typically range from 0.5 

to 5 hp, although DOE identified some 

pool pumps as large as 20 hp. DOE’s 

research identified three-phase pool 

pumps as small as 2 hp and singlephase pool pumps as large as 10 hp. 

DOE notes that if this potential 

rulemaking establishes limitations on 

the phase and/or hp of dedicatedpurpose pool pumps, a subset of pumps 

(i.e., self-priming pumps or pumps with 

integrated basket strainers) may 

ultimately not be covered by either the 

scope of this potential dedicatedpurpose pool pump rulemaking or by 

the current energy conservation 

standards rulemaking currently 

underway. 80 FR 17826 (April 2, 2015) 

Issue 4: DOE requests data on the 

breakdown of shipments of dedicatedpurpose pool pumps by phase (singleor multi-) and by hp range. To the extent 

possible, DOE seeks annual shipments 

data broken down by phase and 

horsepower covering the last 15 years. 

Issue 5: DOE requests comment on 

whether DOE should consider motor 

phase or hp limitations for dedicatedpurpose pool pumps in the scope of any 

potential rulemaking. If so, why, and if 

not, why not? 

Pools pumps can be classified either 

by the rated hp (also referred to as 

‘‘nameplate hp’’) or the THP (also 

known as ‘‘service factor hp’’) of the 

motor with which the pump is sold. 

Rated hp refers to the output power of 

the motor, as stated by the 

manufacturer, at a specified rotational 

speed, voltage, and frequency. 

Alternatively, THP is a characterization 

of the maximum continuous load the 

motor is designed to serve at nominal 

rating conditions. THP can be calculated 

as a product of the rated hp and the 

service factor. The service factor is 

defined as a scalar quantity that 

indicates the percentage beyond the 

rated hp that a pump motor may 

continuously operate without exceeding 

its allowable insulation class 

temperature limit. (For example, a 5 hp 

motor rated with a service factor of 1.25 

can safely operate at 6.25 hp without 

incurring heat-related damage.) When 

determining service factor, other 

operating parameters, such as rated 

voltage, frequency, and ambient 

temperature, must be within the normal 

operating range. 

Issue 6: DOE requests comment on the 

merits of using either the rated hp or 

total horse power as the metric in 

creating potential exclusions or 

equipment classes. 

3. Product Type 

DOE identified several different pool 

pump types or classifications used by 

the industry. These include inground 

and aboveground pool pumps, inflatable 

pool pumps, auxiliary pumps, spa 

pumps, and several other types of 

pumps. 

(a) Inground and Aboveground Pool 

Pumps 

Dedicated-purpose pool pumps serve 

both inground pools and aboveground 

pools. DOE research has indicated that 

for inground pools, dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps are required to be selfpriming. As such, the industry appears 

to refer to self-priming pool pumps as 

‘‘inground pool pumps’’ in their 

marketing literature. These ‘‘inground 

pool pumps’’ typically are designed to 

provide higher hydraulic heads 23 than 

the non-self-priming dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps designed for installation in 

aboveground pools. The higher heads 

provided by self-priming pumps are 

typically required because the 

‘‘inground pool pumps’’ usually must 

overcome greater flow resistance (e.g., 

from longer piping or more piping 

bends) than those serving aboveground 

pools. However, DOE has found that 

some pool pumps listed as aboveground 

are also self-priming. 

ENERGY STAR differentiates 

inground versus aboveground pools 

based on their application in residential 

swimming pools with dimensions as 

defined in American National Standards 

Institute (ANSI)/National Spa and Pool 

Institute (NSPI)–5 (ANSI/NSPI–5 2003), 

‘‘Standard for Residential Inground 

Swimming Pools,’’ and ANSI/APSP–4 

2007, ‘‘Standard for Aboveground/

Onground Residential Swimming 

Pools,’’ respectively. 

The ENERGY STAR pool pumps 

framework 24 document lays out a scope 

limited to the residential inground pool 

pumps market because of the large enduser base and national savings potential 

present with this market, as well as the 

availability of adequate supporting test 

data. The absence of robust test data for 

aboveground pumps led the ENERGY 

STAR program to not issue 

specifications for these pumps. DOE 

notes that both inground and 

aboveground pool pumps would meet 

the definition of a dedicated-purpose 

pool pump, as proposed in the pumps 

test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641. 

Issue 7: DOE requests information on 

any performance or physical component 

differences between dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps designed to serve inground 

pools versus aboveground pools. 

Specifically, DOE requests comment on 

whether dedicated-purpose pool pumps 

serving inground pools need to be selfpriming to operate as expected. 

(b) Inflatable Pool Pumps 

DOE has identified a type of pump, 

sometimes classified as an inflatable 

pool pump, which is sold with an 

integrated filter system. The pump, 

motor, and basket strainer portion of 

these products appear to be similar to 

inground or aboveground pool pumps. 

This similarity in design indicates that 

the portion of the product not including 

the filter system may meet the current 

definition of a dedicated-purpose pool 

pump, as proposed in the pumps test 

procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 17641. 


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Issue 8: DOE requests data on the 

annual shipments of inflatable pool 

pumps or pumps with integrated filter 

systems for the last 15 years. 

Issue 9: DOE requests comment on 

whether pumps with integrated filter 

systems should be part of a potential 

rulemaking for dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps. If so, why? If not, why not? If 

standards for this category of pumps 

should be included as part of any DOE 

effort to regulate dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps, should any potential 

standards be limited to the pump and 

motor portion only, or should it also 

include the filter system? Please include 

the reasons supporting (or opposing) 

your view. 

Issue 10: DOE requests comment on 

how inflatable pool pumps or pumps 

with integrated filter systems are 

typically designed and distributed for 

sale. Specifically, DOE is interested in 

whether the pump, motor, and basket 

strainer portions of pumps sold with 

integrated filter systems are typically 

purchased from manufacturers as 

completed units. If not, do 

manufacturers of pumps with integrated 

filter systems design and produce the 

pump, motor, and basket strainer 

specifically for use in such systems, 

even though they may be distributed in 

commerce as separate components? 

(c) Auxiliary Pumps 

DOE’s research indicates that certain 

types of pumps are used to drive 

auxiliary pool equipment, such as pool 

cleaners, spas, and water features. In the 

industry, these pumps may be referred 

to as ‘‘specialty,’’ ‘‘booster,’’ or 

‘‘auxiliary’’ pumps. The ENERGY STAR 

pool pump specification defines 

auxiliary pumps as those pumps which 

are not used primarily for pool filtration 

and water recirculation. 

Limited data are available on these 

types of pumps. A review of the market 

indicates that these pumps do not have 

an integrated basket strainer, and thus 

would not meet the definition of 

dedicated-purpose pool pump as 

proposed in the pumps test procedure 

NOPR. 80 FR at 17641. However, DOE’s 

research suggests that most auxiliary 

pumps may be small ESCC pumps. As 

such, those that are 1 hp or greater 

would fall within the scope of DOE’s 

recently proposed pumps test 

procedure. (80 FR 17586 (April 1, 

2015)). 

Issue 11: DOE requests comment on 

the annual shipments for the past 15 

years of auxiliary pumps, broken-out by 

any commonly used equipment type 

designations, size (i.e. less than 1 hp 

and greater than or equal to 1 hp), and 

any other parameters relevant to the 

pool pump industry. DOE also requests 

data on typical usage profiles and 

energy use of auxiliary pumps used in 

pool applications. 

Issue 12: DOE requests comment on 

how best to distinguish auxiliary pumps 

from other dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps intended for continuous use (i.e., 

the lack of an integrated basket strainer). 

Issue 13: DOE requests comment on 

whether auxiliary pumps of less than 1 

hp (or otherwise not meeting the 

definition of an ESCC pump as 

proposed in the pumps test procedure 

NOPR, (80 FR 17586 (April 1, 2015)) 

should be included in the scope of any 

potential pool pump rulemaking. If so, 

why? If not, why not? 

(d) Spa Pumps 

DOE notes that spa pumps are similar 

to auxiliary pumps in that they are 

small ESCC pumps without an 

integrated basket strainer. ENERGY 

STAR defines ‘‘residential spa pump’’ as 

a pump intended for installation in a 

non-permanently installed residential 

spa as defined in ANSI/NSPI–6 (ANSI/ 

NSPI–6 1999), ‘‘Standard for Portable 

Spas.’’ ENERGY STAR also clarified that 

such pumps are sometimes referred to 

as a hot tub pump, but do not include 

jetted bathtub pumps. 

Issue 14: DOE requests comment on 

the distinguishing characteristics of spa 

pumps (as opposed to dedicatedpurpose pool pumps) and whether any 

categories of spa pumps should be 

included in the scope of any potential 

pool pump rulemaking. 

(e) Other Pumps 

DOE’s research indicates that a type of 

pump commonly known as a ‘‘pool 

cover pump’’ is often classified by the 

industry as a pool pump. These pool 

cover pumps are typically submersible 

or sump pumps, and therefore they do 

not meet the definition of dedicatedpurpose pool pump as proposed in the 

pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 FR at 

17641. 

DOE has also identified solar-powered 

and ‘‘bottom feeder’’ pool pumps 

available for sale. These pumps are 

typically very small (less than 1/4 hp) 

and are also submersible. These pumps 

would not meet the definition proposed 

in the pumps test procedure NOPR. 80 

FR at 17641. 

Issue 15: DOE requests information on 

the annual shipments for the past 15 

years of pool cover pumps and solarpowered pool pumps, separately broken 

down by horsepower. DOE also requests 

comment on whether to include these 

pumps in any potential rulemaking to 

set energy conservation standards for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If so, 

why? If not, why not? 

Issue 16: DOE requests comment and 

any supporting information on any 

other categories of pool pumps that 

would be relevant to its efforts in 

examining potential energy 

conservation standards for dedicatedpurpose pool pumps that are not already 

addressed in section II.B. 3. 

4. Sales Configuration 

Some types of pumps can be 

differentiated by the configuration in 

which the pump is sold, either as a bare 

pump, with a motor, or with a motor 

and controls. 

In the pumps test procedure NOPR, 

DOE proposed to differentiate pumps 

considered in the scope of that 

rulemaking based on the configuration 

in which the pump is sold. These 

configurations include: the bare pump, 

the bare pump with an electric motor, 

and the bare pump with an electric 

motor and continuous or noncontinuous controls. 80 FR at 17627. 

The pumps test procedure NOPR 

proposed unique but comparable test 

methods and rating metrics that are 

applicable to a pump based on its sale 

configuration. Id. To achieve this 

differentiation, DOE proposed a series of 

definitions based on the CIP Working 

Group recommendations (Docket No. 

EERE–2013–BT–NOC–0039, No. 92 at p. 

1): 

(1) ‘‘Pump’’ means equipment 

designed to move liquids (which may 

include entrained gases, free solids, and 

totally dissolved solids) by physical or 

mechanical action and includes a bare 

pump and, if included by the 

manufacturer at the time of sale, 

mechanical equipment, driver, and 

controls. 

(2) ‘‘Bare pump’’ means a pump 

excluding mechanical equipment, 

driver, and controls. 

(3) ‘‘Mechanical equipment’’ means 

any component that transfers energy 

from a driver to a bare pump. 

(4) ‘‘Driver’’ means the machine 

providing mechanical input to drive a 

bare pump directly or through the use 

of mechanical equipment. Examples 

include, but are not limited to, an 

electric motor, internal combustion 

engine, or gas/steam turbine. 

(5) ‘‘Control’’ means any device that 

can be used to operate the driver. 

Examples include, but are not limited 

to, continuous or non-continuous speed 

controls, schedule-based controls, on/off 

switches, and float switches. 

80 FR 17586, 17641–42 (April 1, 2015). 

DOE’s research indicates that most 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps are 


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25California Energy Commission, 2014 Appliance 

Efficiency Regulations, available at http://

www.energy.ca.gov/2014publications/CEC-400- 

2014-009/CEC-400-2014-009-CMF.pdf. 

26Available for purchase at: http://

standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/114- 

2001.html. 

27The curves used by ENERGY STAR are 

identical to CEC curves A, B, and C. 

paired with an electric motor when 

sold—rarely are they sold as bare 

pumps. 

Issue 17: DOE requests information on 

whether dedicated-purpose pool pumps 

are offered for sale by pool pump 

manufacturers as bare pumps. If they are 

offered for sale as bare pumps, are they 

typically paired with a motor by a 

distributor or retailer before being sold 

to an end user? Related to this request, 

DOE seeks information regarding the 

percentage of dedicated-purpose pool 

pump shipments that are sold by the 

pump manufacturer as a bare pump, 

without a motor. 

Dedicated-purpose pool pumps can 

also be sold with different types of 

controls that allow for the variation of 

motor speed at part load conditions. 

Specifically, dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps can be paired with multi-speed 

motors or variable-speed controls. The 

CEC established definitions of twospeed motors and variable-speed 

motors, while ENERGY STAR 

established definitions for multi-speed 

pumps, variable-speed pumps, and 

variable-flow pumps (flow controlled 

variable-speed pumps; see section 

II.A.2). 

In the pumps test procedure NOPR, 

DOE proposed definitions of continuous 

controls and non-continuous controls to 

distinguish between controls with 

discrete speed options (e.g., two-speed 

and multi-speed controls) and controls 

that can continuously adjust speed in 

response to the required load (e.g., 

variable-speed drives): 

• ‘‘Continuous Control’’ means a 

control that adjusts the speed of the 

pump driver continuously over the 

driver operating speed range in response 

to incremental changes in the required 

pump flow, head, or power output. 

• ‘‘Non-Continuous Control’’ means a 

control that adjusts the speed of a driver 

to one of a discrete number of noncontinuous preset operating speeds, and 

does not respond to incremental 

reductions in the required pump flow, 

head, or power output. 

80 FR at 17641 (April 1, 2015). 

These definitions may also be relevant 

to dedicated-purpose pool pumps. 

Issue 18: DOE requests information on 

the market share of dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps sold with: (1) Continuous 

controls, (2) non-continuous controls, 

and (3) other types of controls. DOE also 

seeks information on what other types 

of controls are applicable to pool pumps 

along with the market share held by 

each of these other controls. 

C. Test Procedure and Rating Metrics 

Related to considering potential 

energy conservation standards for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps, DOE is 

also considering potential test 

procedures and rating metrics for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps. 

Manufacturers of covered equipment 

use DOE test produces and rating 

metrics as the basis for (1) certifying to 

DOE that their equipment complies with 

any applicable energy conservation 

standards adopted under EPCA, (42 

U.S.C. 6295(s) and 6316(a)(1)), and (2) 

making representations about the 

efficiency of that equipment. (42 U.S.C. 

6314(d)) 

To inform DOE’s consideration of test 

procedures and rating metrics, DOE 

reviewed the pool pump test procedures 

that are established or referenced by the 

existing regulatory and voluntary 

programs that are discussed in section 

II.A. The rating metrics and testing 

requirements for each of these programs 

are summarized in Table II.3. 

TABLE II.3—SUMMARY OF RATING METRICS AND INDUSTRY TEST PROCEDURES REFERENCED BY VARIOUS VOLUNTARY

AND REGULATORY POOL PUMP PROGRAMS

Rating program Metric Test procedure Other relevant 

standards 

CEC 2014 Appliance Efficiency Regulations.Prescriptive design requirements ....... IEEE Standard 114–2001 for determination of motor efficiency ANSI/

HI 1.6–2000 with additional rating 

requirements and calculations 

(equivalent to ANSI/APSP/ICC– 

15a–2013) for pump performance.

N/A. 

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Pool Pumps—Version 1.0.EF ....................................................... ANSI/HI 1.6–2000 with additional rating requirements and calculations 

(equivalent to ANSI/APSP/ICC– 

15a–2013).

ANSI/APSP–4 2007. 

ANSI/NSPI–5–2003. 

ANSI/NSPI–6–1999. 

CEE High-Efficiency Swimming Pool 

Initiative.

EF and prescriptive design requirements for pool pump controls.ANSI/APSP/ICC–15a–2013 ............... N/A. 

Australia and New Zealand Energy 

Rating Program.

EF ....................................................... Part 1 of AS 5102–2009 .................... N/A. 

As discussed in section II.A.1, the 

CEC regulations established prescriptive 

design requirements for residential pool 

pumps that focused on the motor and 

controls with which the pool pump is 

sold.25 As such, the CEC requires that 

reported motor efficiency be verifiable 

by IEEE Standard 114–2001, ‘‘IEEE 

Standard Test Procedure for SinglePhase Induction Motors.’’ 26

Although the CEC does not currently 

regulate pool pumps on a performance 

basis, the regulations require reporting 

certain performance information when 

certifying a pool pump under the Title 

20 regulations. Cal. Code Regs., tit. 20, 

§ 1606, subd. (a)(3). For example, pool 

pump efficiency must be measured in 

accordance with the Hydraulic 

Institute’s (HI) Standard 1.6 (ANSI/HI 

1.6–2000), ‘‘American National 

Standard for Centrifugal Pump Tests’’ 

and a manufacturer must report that its 

pool pump has been tested in 

accordance with this testing standard. 

Similarly, a manufacturer must test the 

performance of its pool pump along 

three representative system curves, 

known as curves A, B, and C. Cal. Code 

Regs., tit. 20, § 1604, subd. (g)(3). 

The test requirements for ENERGY 

STAR and CEE are harmonized with 

those adopted by the CEC.27 The 


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28Available at: www.appliances.energy.ca.gov/

QuickSearch1024.aspx. 

29The Association of Pool and Spa Professionals, 

‘‘U.S. Swimming Pool and Hot Tub Market 2013’’. 

Available at: http://apsp.org/portals/0/images/

APSP%20statistics%202013.jpg. 

ENERGY STAR and CEE test methods 

for pool pumps reference the 

Association of Pool and Spa 

Professional’s (APSP) Standard 15 with 

Addendum 1 (ANSI/APSP/ICC–15a– 

2013), ‘‘American National Standard for 

Residential Swimming Pool and Spa 

Energy Efficiency.’’ ANSI/APSP/ICC– 

15a–2013 is based on the CEC test 

methodology. 

The test requirements for the 

Australia and New Zealand energy 

rating program are defined in part 1 of 

AS 5102–2009, ‘‘Performance of 

household electrical appliances— 

Swimming pool pump—units: Energy 

consumption and energy performance.’’ 

Part 1 of the AS 5102–2009 test 

procedure is similar to the CEC testing 

requirements, but includes a different 

test setup and different measurement 

requirements. In addition, part 1 of AS 

5102–2009 only requires rating along a 

new curve D. 

In all of these test methods, the pump 

head is adjusted until the flow and head 

lie on the specified system curve. EF is 

then calculated at various rating points 

and speeds for multi- and variablespeed pumps as the ratio of flow over 

power, and is expressed in units of gal/ 

Wh. 

DOE recently proposed a test 

procedure for pumps that would 

incorporate by reference the Hydraulic 

Institute’s (HI) Standard 40.6–2014, 

‘‘Methods for Rotodynamic Pump 

Efficiency Testing,’’ as the basis for 

establishing the tested performance of a 

bare pump, pump with motor, or pump 

with motor and controls. 80 FR at 

17642. DOE’s proposed test procedure 

for pumps also includes additional 

calculations and default assumptions 

necessary to determine the constant 

load pump energy index (PEICL) for bare 

pumps and pumps sold with electric 

motors, or the variable load pump 

energy index (PEIVL) for pumps sold 

with electric motors and continuous or 

non-continuous controls. 80 FR at 

17643–17651. The PEICL and PEIVL

describe the power consumption of the 

rated pump, inclusive of a motor and 

any continuous or non-continuous 

controls, normalized with respect to the 

performance of a minimally compliant 

pump for each pump basic model. DOE 

believes that such an approach could 

potentially be modified to be applicable 

to dedicated-purpose pool pumps. 

Issue 18: DOE requests comment on 

the pros and cons of any of the rating 

metrics relevant to dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps, including EF, PEICL, and 

PEIVL, or prescriptive design 

requirements for the motor and/or 

controls. 

Issue 19: DOE requests comment on 

the applicability of any of the test 

procedures that might be applied to 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps, 

including the test procedure proposed 

by DOE for pumps in the pumps test 

procedure NOPR. If any particular 

provisions are not applicable, DOE 

requests comment on how they might be 

adapted to be more appropriate for the 

testing of dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps. 

Issue 20: DOE requests comment on 

the burdens, if any, associated with 

testing dedicated-purpose pool pumps 

in accordance with any of the 

referenced industry test procedures. 

Issue 21: DOE requests comment on 

any other pool pump test procedure that 

DOE should consider in developing a 

potential test procedure for dedicatedpurpose pool pumps. 

D. Data Needs for Rulemaking Analyses 

To help inform DOE’s decision of 

whether to regulate dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps, DOE seeks a variety of 

different types of information. If DOE 

chooses to regulate this equipment, the 

information collected in this RFI will 

also inform a number of analyses that 

are required to support an energy 

conservation standard rulemaking. 

Table I.1 provides a summary of these 

analyses. To this end, DOE seeks 

detailed data regarding the following 

aspects: 

1. Market and Technology Assessment 

Issue 22: DOE seeks data on historical 

shipments (specifically from 1995–2014, 

in number of units and revenues) for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps. Where 

available, DOE requests this data be 

broken-out by equipment type, hp (rated 

nameplate hp or THP), operating speed, 

application, and any other parameters 

relevant to the pool pump industry. 

Issue 23: The CEC maintains a 

database of pool pumps meeting the 

CEC’s prescriptive design requirement 

standard.28 DOE seeks comment on 

whether the range of product 

efficiencies (specified in EF) in the CEC 

database are representative of dedicatedpurpose pool pumps in the United 

States. If not, DOE is interested in 

information regarding the typical range 

of efficiencies for dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps. If available, DOE requests 

these data be broken-out by equipment 

type, hp (rated nameplate hp or THP), 

operating speed, application, and any 

other parameters relevant to the pool 

pump industry. 

Issue 24: DOE requests comment and 

information on design features that are 

typically used by the pool pump 

manufacturers to describe and 

differentiate pool pumps. This includes 

features used to differentiate various 

types of pool pumps from each other, as 

well as features used to differentiate 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps from the 

scope of pumps defined in the pumps 

test procedure NOPR. See 80 FR at 

17642–17643. Additionally, DOE 

requests information on how these 

design features affect the efficiency of a 

dedicated-purpose pool pump. 

Issue 25: DOE requests information 

and comment on technology options 

that could be considered to improve the 

energy efficiency of dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps. Specifically, DOE is 

interested in the magnitude of efficiency 

improvements available from any 

potential technology options, as well as 

how these efficiency improvements 

may, or may not, impact equipment 

performance, features, utility, or safety. 

Please provide efficiency improvements 

in terms of the relevant parameter, such 

as pump efficiency, motor efficiency, 

EF, etc. 

Issue 26: DOE understands that there 

are two typical market channels for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps, the 

distributor model (Manufacturer → 

Distributor → Pool Service Contractor → 

Customer) and the retail model 

(Manufacturer → Retail Store → 

Customer). DOE requests comment on 

whether these distribution channels 

sufficiently depicts the market channels 

for this equipment or if other channels, 

such as direct sales through national 

accounts or wholesalers, exist that DOE 

should also consider. DOE requests data 

regarding the sizes of these market 

channels and requests data on the 

percentage of dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps sold through each channel, by 

type or application, if appropriate. 

2. Energy Use Analysis 

Issue 27: According to APSP,29 in 

2013 there were approximately 8 

million inground and aboveground 

swimming pools in the United States. 

DOE requests comment and information 

on the total number of installed 

inground and aboveground swimming 

pools in each state or climate region of 

the United States. DOE also requests 

comment on the number and type of 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps that are 

typically installed in each inground and 

aboveground swimming pool. 


asabaliauskas on DSK5VPTVN1PROD with PROPOSALS
26484 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 89 / Friday, May 8, 2015 / Proposed Rules 

30CEE High Efficiency Residential Swimming 

Pool Initiative, Consortium of Energy Efficiency. 

Available at http://library.cee1.org/sites/default/

files/library/9986/cee_res_swimmingpoolinitiative_

07dec2012_pdf_10557.pdf. 

31Size standards, listed by NAICS code and 

industry description and are available at http://

www.sba.gov/category/navigation-structure/

contracting/contracting-officials/smallbusinesssize-standards. 

Issue 28: DOE seeks comment 

regarding the typical energy use of 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps. If 

available, DOE requests that these data 

be broken-out by equipment type, hp 

(rated nameplate hp or THP), operating 

speed, application, and any other 

parameters relevant to the pool pump 

industry. 

Issue 29: A study by CEE 30 estimates 

that adopting higher efficiency 

technologies, such as multi-speed and 

variable-speed pool pumps, may result 

in energy savings of 1,900–3,800 kWh/ 

year for each residential swimming pool 

pump. DOE seeks comment on whether 

the approach and assumptions 

described in that report would be 

appropriate to use as a basis for 

estimating national energy savings, and 

on the accuracy of the estimates 

themselves. If so, why? If not, why not? 

Issue 30: The pool pump industry 

defines ‘‘turnover rate’’ as the total 

number of times the entire volume of 

water in the pool is circulated (or 

‘‘turned over’’) within a 24-hour period. 

The industry defines ‘‘turnover time’’ as 

the amount of time required to circulate 

the entire volume of water in the pool 

once. Turnover rate is calculated by 

dividing 24 hours by the turnover time 

in hours. DOE seeks comment on typical 

turnover rates and times, as well as any 

variation by application, state, or 

climate region. 

Issue 31: DOE seeks comment on the 

usage profiles of dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps broken-out by climate, pool or 

pump type (i.e., inground or 

aboveground, indoor or outdoor), hp 

(rated nameplate hp or THP), and 

efficiency. DOE is specifically interested 

in hours of use per day at each speed 

when multi-speed or variable-speed 

pumps are used. 

Issue 32: DOE seeks data and 

comment on the number of months per 

year that dedicated-purpose pool pumps 

typically operate, broken-out by state or 

climate region. 

Issue 33: DOE requests comment on 

the typical lifetime of dedicatedpurpose pool pumps. 

3. Manufacturer Impact Analysis 

Issue 34: DOE seeks to identify all 

dedicated-purpose pool pump 

manufacturers that currently distribute 

equipment in the United States. 

Currently, DOE has identified Pentair 

Ltd., Hayward Industries, Inc., Zodiac, 

Speck Pumps, and Waterway Plastics as 

dedicated-purpose pool pump 

manufacturers. DOE seeks comment on 

the comprehensiveness of this list of 

manufacturers, and requests the names 

and contact information of any other 

domestically- or foreign-based 

manufacturers that sell or otherwise 

market their dedicated-purpose pool 

pumps in the United States. 

Issue 35: DOE seeks to identify all 

dedicated-purpose pool pump 

manufacturers that currently distribute 

equipment in the United States who 

also qualify as small businesses. The 

Small Business Administration (SBA) 

defines a small business under North 

American Industry Classification 

System (NAICS) code 333911, ‘‘Pump 

and Pumping Equipment 

Manufacturing,’’ as one having no more 

than 500 employees.31 DOE requests the 

names of any small business 

manufacturers of dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps that it should consider in 

its analysis. 

III. Public Participation 

DOE will accept comments, data, and 

information regarding this RFI and other 

matters relevant to DOE’s consideration 

of any energy conservation standards for 

dedicated-purpose pool pumps by June 

22, 2015. After the close of the comment 

period, DOE will begin collecting data, 

conducting the analyses, and reviewing 

the public comments. These actions will 

be taken to aid in the consideration of 

a rulemaking for dedicated-purpose 

pool pumps. 

Instructions: All submissions received 

must include the agency name and 

docket number and/or RIN for this 

rulemaking. No telefacsimilies (faxes) 

will be accepted. 

Docket: The docket is available for 

review at www.regulations.gov, 

including Federal Register notices, 

public meeting attendees’ lists and 

transcripts, comments, and other 

supporting documents/materials. All 

documents in the docket are listed in 

the www.regulations.gov index. 

However, not all documents listed in 

the index may be publicly available, 

such as information that is exempt from 

public disclosure. 

A link to the docket Web page can be 

found at: http://www.regulations.gov/

#!docketDetail;D=EERE-2015-BT-STD0008. This Web page contains a link to 

the docket for this notice on the 

www.regulations.gov Web site. The 

www.regulations.gov Web page contains 

simple instructions on how to access all 

documents, including public comments, 

in the docket. 

For information on how to submit a 

comment, or review other public 

comments and the docket, contact Ms. 

Brenda Edwards at (202) 586–2945 or by 

email: Brenda.Edwards@ee.doe.gov. 

DOE considers public participation to 

be a very important part of the process 

for developing test procedures. DOE 

actively encourages the participation 

and interaction of the public during the 

comment period in each stage of the 

rulemaking process. Interactions with 

and between members of the public 

provide a balanced discussion of the 

issues and assist DOE in the rulemaking 

process. Anyone who wishes to be 

added to the DOE mailing list to receive 

future notices and information about 

this rulemaking should contact Ms. 

Brenda Edwards at (202) 586–2945, or 

via email at Brenda.Edwards@

ee.doe.gov. 

Issued in Washington, DC, on April 24, 

2015. 

Kathleen Hogan, 

Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy 

Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and Renewable 

Energy. 

[FR Doc. 2015–11011 Filed 5–7–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6450–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 39 

[Docket No. FAA–2015–1279; Directorate 

Identifier 2014–NM–049–AD] 

RIN 2120–AA64 

Airworthiness Directives; BAE 

SYSTEMS (Operations) Limited 

Airplanes 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking 

(NPRM). 

SUMMARY: We propose to supersede 

Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2011–21– 

06 for all BAE SYSTEMS (Operations) 

Limited Model 4101 airplanes. AD 

2011–21–06 currently requires revising 

the maintenance program. Since we 

issued AD 2011–21–06, we have 

determined that the life limit of certain 

main landing gear components must be 

reduced, and certain post-repair 

inspections of critical structure are 

necessary. This proposed AD would 

require a new revision of the 

maintenance/inspection program. We 

are proposing this AD to prevent failure 

of certain structurally significant items, 


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