Richard DeLombard

Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio

SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir

from May 1997 to June 1998

(NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7)

NASA/TM—1999-209282

August 1999

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20000037797 2018-05-14T14:03:48+00:00Z
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NASA/TM—1999-209282

August 1999

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Glenn Research Center

Richard DeLombard

Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio

SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir

from May 1997 to June 1998

(NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7)
Available from

NASA Center for Aerospace Information

7121 Standard Drive

Hanover, MD 21076

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This report contains preliminary

findings, subject to revision as

analysis proceeds.
SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir from May 1997 to

June 1998 (NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7)

June 18, 1999

Richard DeLombard

NASA Glenn Research Center

Cleveland, Ohio
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

i

Abstract

During NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7 (May 1997 to June 1998), about eight gigabytes of acceleration

data were collected by the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) onboard the Russian Space

Station Mir. The data were recorded on twenty-seven optical disks which were returned to Earth on

Orbiter missions STS-86, STS-89, and STS-91. During these increments, SAMS data were collected in

the Priroda module to support various microgravity experiments. This report points out some of the

salient features of the microgravity acceleration environment to which the experiments were exposed.

This report presents an overview of the SAMS acceleration measurements recorded by 10 Hz and 100

Hz sensor heads. The analyses included herein complement those presented in previous Mir increment

summary reports prepared by the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services project.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

ii

Acronyms and Abbreviations

DMT Decreed Moscow Time (year/day/hour:minute:second)

f

c cutoff frequency (Hertz)

fs sampling rate (samples per second)

ftp file transfer protocol

g acceleration level referenced to go

go acceleration due to Earth's gravity (9.81 m/s2)

GRC NASA John H. Glenn Research Center

Hz Hertz

μg microgravity (1/1,000,000 of go)

MIM Microgravity Isolation Mount

MiPS Mir Payload Support

MiSDE Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment

PDF portable document format

PIMS Principal Investigator Microgravity Services

PSD power spectral density

QUELD Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion

RMS root-mean-square

SAMS Space Acceleration Measurement System

STS Space Transportation System

TSH triaxial sensor head

URL uniform resource locator

WWW World Wide Web

Xh

, Yh, Zh X-, Y-, Z-Axis coordinate system for unspecified SAMS sensor head

Xh,A, Yh,A, Zh,A X-, Y-, Z-Axis coordinate system for SAMS TSH A

Xh,B, Yh,B, Zh,B X-, Y-, Z-Axis coordinate system for SAMS TSH B

XB, YB, ZB X-, Y-, Z-Axis coordinate system for Mir Base Block
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

iii

Table of Contents

Abstract....................................................................................................................................................... i

Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... ii

Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... iii

Lists of Tables/Figures.............................................................................................................................. iv

1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1

2. Data Acquisition and Processing .................................................................................................... 1

3. Mir Space Station ........................................................................................................................... 2

3.1 Mir Configuration ................................................................................................................... 2

3.2 Mir Coordinate Systems ......................................................................................................... 2

4. SAMS Triaxial Sensor Head Location ........................................................................................... 3

5. Facilities Supported ........................................................................................................................ 3

5.1 Microgravity Glovebox .......................................................................................................... 3

5.2 Microgravity Isolation Mount (MIM) .................................................................................... 3

5.3 Biotechnology System Facility Operations ............................................................................ 3

6. Experiments Supported................................................................................................................... 3

6.1 Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility .............................................................................. 3

6.2 Diffusion Controlled Apparatus Module ................................................................................ 3

6.3 Biotechnology of 3-D Tissue Engineering ............................................................................. 3

6.4 Biotechnology System Coculture ........................................................................................... 4

6.5 Canadian Protein Crystallization Experiment ........................................................................ 4

6.6 Cartilage in Space ................................................................................................................... 4

6.7 Colloidal Gelation................................................................................................................... 4

6.8 Interferometic Study of Protein Crystal Growth .................................................................... 4

6.9 Liquid Metal Diffusion Experiment ....................................................................................... 4

 6.10 Opposed Flame Flow Spread on Cylindrical Surfaces ........................................................... 4

 6.11 Protein Crystal Growth in Dewar ........................................................................................... 4

 6.12 Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion (QUELD) ........................................... 4

 6.13 Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System for Protein Crystal Growth ................................. 5

 6.14 Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment (MiSDE)..................................................................... 5

7. Data Analysis Techniques ............................................................................................................... 5

8. Microgravity Environment ............................................................................................................. 6

8.1 Orbiter Docking and Undocking with Mir ............................................................................. 6

8.2 Soyuz and Progress Docking and Undocking with Mir ......................................................... 6

8.3 Characterization of MIM and QUELD................................................................................... 6

9. Summary......................................................................................................................................... 7

 10. References ...................................................................................................................................... 7

Appendix A: SAMS Cutoff-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH A (100 Hz).................................... A-1

Appendix B: SAMS Cutoff-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH B (10 Hz)...................................... B-1

Appendix C: SAMS Nyquist-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH A (250 Hz) ................................. C-1

Appendix D: SAMS Nyquist-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH B (25 Hz) ................................... D-1

Appendix E: User Comment Sheet........................................................................................................E-1

Appendix F: Accessing Acceleration Data via the Internet ................................................................... F-1
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

iv

List of Tables

Table 1. Comparison of Orbiter docking and undocking time sources ................................................. 9

Table 2. Tabular representation of Mir module orientations ................................................................. 9

Table 3. Active microgravity experiments during NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7 ............................... 10

Table 4. MIM/QUELD Characterization Test Conducted on Mir ........................................................11

List of Figures

Figure 1. Mir activities and SAMS recording times during 1997 ........................................................ 12

Figure 2. Mir activities and SAMS recording times during 1998 ........................................................ 13

Figure 3. Typical Mir crew daily activities........................................................................................... 13

Figure 4. Mir core module coordinate system and module orientation ................................................ 14

Figure 5. Mir coordinate systems ......................................................................................................... 15

Figure 6. MIM characterization test (first hour) ................................................................................... 16

Figure 7. MIM characterization test (second hour) .............................................................................. 17

Figure 8. MIM characterization test (third hour).................................................................................. 18

Figure 9. MIM characterization test (fourth hour) ............................................................................... 19

Figure 10. Power spectral density plot before MIM operations ............................................................. 20

Figure 11. Power spectral density plot during MIM operations ............................................................. 21
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

1

1. Introduction

The NASA Headquarters Microgravity Research Division sponsors microgravity science experiments on

several carriers, which include the NASA Shuttle Orbiters and the Mir Space Station. The Microgravity

Research Division sponsors the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) at the NASA Glenn

Research Center (GRC) to support microgravity experiments with acceleration measurements. The

GRC Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) project supplies principal investigators of

microgravity science experiments and other experiment personnel with analysis of acceleration data to

support the evaluation of the effects of microgravity on their experiments. PIMS also provides

information about on-orbit events such as equipment operation to assist in the scheduling of

microgravity science experiment operations.

In 1994, a SAMS unit [1] was installed on the Mir Space Station [2] to support U.S. and Russian

microgravity experiments by measuring the microgravity environment during experiment operations.

Previous reports [3-9] by PIMS have summarized and evaluated the SAMS data acquired during the

period from September 1994 to May 1997. This report summarizes the SAMS data during NASA

Increment 5 (May to October 1997), Increment 6 (October 1997 to January 1998), and Increment 7

(January to June 1998).

Data were recorded to support experiment and to characterize microgravity environment. The events

described in this report include the characterization of disturbances due to the MIM facility and the

QUELD furnace.

Appendices A and B contain cutoff-frequency spectrograms of the data from the two SAMS sensor

heads; appendices C and D contain Nyquist-frequency spectrograms of the data from the two SAMS

sensor heads. The data plots in appendices A through D are viewable from the attached CD-ROM.

Appendix E contains a user comment sheet, which users are encouraged to complete and return to PIMS.

Appendix F describes the procedures that users should follow to access SAMS data over the internet via

anonymous file transfer protocol (ftp).

This entire report is also viewable from the attached CD-ROM and is available on the World Wide Web

(WWW) in the portable document format (PDF). Adobe Acrobat Reader

® version 3.0 or higher will be

necessary to open and/or print these files. A current version of Adobe Acrobat Reader® is included on

the CD-ROM.

2. Data Acquisition and Processing

As noted in previous reports [3-9], the SAMS unit on Mir is connected to two triaxial sensor heads

(TSHs). TSH A had a cutoff frequency of 100 Hz and a sampling rate of 500 samples per second. TSH

B had a cutoff frequency of 10 Hz and a sampling rate of 50 samples per second. During increments 5,

6, and 7, the SAMS unit was turned on periodically to record microgravity accelerations in support of

the various experiments and other significant events. SAMS data coverage for this time period is

summarized in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 3 shows the normal daily activities on the Mir. The time used on

Mir is Decreed Moscow Time (DMT).
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

2

The time assigned to the post-mission SAMS data is derived from several possible sources. The primary

source is the time encoded in the data files by the SAMS unit when it had been properly synchronized

with the Mir Payload Support (MiPS) equipment on-board Mir. Lacking proper synchronization, the

time in the post-mission SAMS data was assigned based on the crew member's notations. In some cases

the time is assigned after correlation with mission events such as vehicle docking. Differences in time

have been found in some of the SAMS data files, so caution should be used for specific correlation of

SAMS data to experiment operations and results. Table 1 summarizes the six Orbiter and seven

Progress docking and undocking events during this time period. There were two Orbiter events for

which there are major differences between the time as reported by NASA Johnson Space Center and that

shown in the SAMS data. The reasons for these differences are not known at the present time.

Problems with the synchronization with MiPS are suspected.

Five optical data disks were returned to Earth on STS-86 with six of the sides having valid data. Four

disks were returned on STS-89 with five of the sides having valid data. Eighteen disks were returned on

STS-91 with twenty-nine of the sides having valid data. The SAMS unit was also returned to Earth on

STS-91 and is slated for transfer to the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum. These data were

processed by the SAMS project at GRC and placed on a NASA GRC file server (beech.grc.nasa.gov) to

make them available to users. Appendix F of this report provides instructions for accessing these data

files.

3. Mir Space Station

3.1 Mir Configuration

The Mir has been in orbit since February 1986 and, in the years since, modules have been added until

the Mir reached its present configuration of six modules. The Mir currently consists of the Base Block,

Kvant, Kvant-2, Kristall, Spektr, and Priroda modules. It measures more than 32 meters in length with

the docked Progress-M and the Soyuz-TM spacecraft and is about 27 meters in width across the

modules. Figure 4 shows a typical configuration of the Mir Space Station with a docked NASA Orbiter

during the time covered by this report.

3.2 Mir Coordinate Systems

The Mir Space Station's basic coordinate system is that of the Base Block module coordinate system

which is shown in Figure 4. Each of the modules of the Mir station has its own coordinate system,

which is based upon its orientation with respect to the Mir Base Block module. Figure 5 shows a

graphical representation of these coordinate systems for the nominal Mir configuration (consistent with

that shown in Figure 4). Table 2 is a tabular representation of Figure 4.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

3

The determination of the coordinate system is made by a simple procedure. If you "stand" in any

module, such that your feet are on the floor, and you are facing towards the transitional node of the Base

Block module, then the coordinate system of that module is defined by the right hand rule, such that the

direction you are facing is +X module, the direction from your feet to your head is +Y module, and the

direction from your left to right is +Z module.

4. SAMS Triaxial Sensor Head Locations

The TSHs were located in the Priroda module during NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7.

5. Facilities Supported

Additional information on these facilities may be obtained from [10].

5.1 Microgravity Glovebox

The glovebox facility was used to conduct experiments associated with combustion experiments and

hazardous operations which need to be isolated from the Mir living environment.

5.2 Microgravity Isolation Mount (MIM)

The MIM was used to isolate some experiments from the vibrations and accelerations of the Mir space

station.

5.3 Biotechnology System Facility Operations

This facility was designed to house biotechnology experiments such as tissue culture and protein crystal

growth.

6. Experiments Supported

The SAMS unit supported experiments listed in Table 3. Additional information on these experiments

may be obtained from [10].

6.1 Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility

Investigators grew large well-ordered protein crystals for later characterization in ground laboratories.

6.2 Diffusion Controlled Apparatus Module

Scientists grew protein crystals in space and evaluated the dialysis and liquid/liquid diffusion methods of

crystal growth.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

4

6.3 Biochemistry of 3-D Tissue Engineering

Scientists characterized tissue biochemical properties as a result of three-dimensional tissue formation in

microgravity.

6.4 Biotechnology System Coculture

This experiment studied the growth and maintenance of cell cultures and investigated the long-term

effect of on-orbit cell growth for the purpose of tissue engineering.

6.5 Canadian Protein Crystallization Experiment

This experiment analyzed the crystalline structure of approximately thirty-two clinically important

proteins in microgravity. Scientists will apply these analyses towards the enhancement of current

methodologies used in the drug development and design process.

6.6 Cartilage in Space

Cartilage cells were grown in microgravity to facilitate the study of basic cell interactions devoid of

sedimentation.

6.7 Colloidal Gelation

This experiment studied the limitations of the amount of polymer-induced aggregation in microgravity.

6.8 Interferometic Study of Protein Crystal Growth

Protein crystals were grown in microgravity to enable the study of solute concentration gradients in

crystal solutions.

6.9 Liquid Metal Diffusion Experiment

This experiment studied diffusion coefficients in liquid metals. Scientists also attempted to prevent any

void/bubble formation in liquid metal diffusion samples in microgravity. This experiment was

conducted with the Liquid Metal Diffusion apparatus in the MIM facility.

6.10 Opposed Flame Flow Spread on Cylindrical Surfaces

This experiment studied how the microgravity environment affected the spread of flames in the presence

of an opposing oxidizer.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

5

6.11 Protein Crystal Growth in Dewar

Investigators studied protein crystal growth in microgravity and evaluated flash-frozen and liquid/ liquid

diffusion methods.

6.12 Queen's University Experiments in Liquid Diffusion (QUELD)

This experiment collected data on diffusion coefficients in the melt of metal alloy systems devoid of

gravitational effects. This experiment was conducted with the QUELD apparatus in the MIM facility.

6.13 Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System for Protein Crystal Growth

The experiment was to produce large, high-quality crystals of selected proteins under controlled

temperature conditions in microgravity.

6.14 Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment (MiSDE)

Investigators used this experiment to obtain structural dynamic response data on the Mir and Mir/Orbiter

in a mated configuration during normal operational events such as docking, Orbiter and Mir thruster jet

firings, crew exercise, and other crew activities. A final report [11] has been written for MiSDE.

Although this is not a microgravity science experiment, it utilized the SAMS acceleration data to

supplement the MiSDE accelerometer data.

7. Data Analysis Techniques

SAMS data are generally presented and plotted in several forms for evaluation: acceleration versus time,

interval average acceleration versus time, root-mean-square (RMS) average acceleration versus time,

power spectral density (PSD) versus frequency, and spectrogram (PSD versus frequency versus time).

The form used depends on what aspect of the data is of interest. These techniques are described in detail

in [12].

Acceleration versus time plots are used to display the acceleration levels recorded by the SAMS sensor

head. These plots can then be used by experiment personnel to correlate experiment results with the

measured microgravity environment. This form of data display gives the most time-accurate

representation of the microgravity environment.

A plot of the interval average acceleration in units of acceleration versus time gives an indication of net

accelerations which last for a number of seconds equal to or greater than the interval parameter. Shorter

duration, high amplitude accelerations can also be detected with this type of plot, however, the exact

timing and magnitude of specific acceleration events cannot be extracted. A plot of the interval rootmean-square acceleration in units of acceleration versus time gives an indication of the time-averaged

power in the signal due to oscillatory acceleration sources.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

6

PSD calculations and plots are used to examine and display the frequency content of SAMS data during

relatively short periods of time (on the order of seconds to minutes). Analysis times may be chosen

based upon some specific event or experiment operation. For SAMS data, the PSD units are g2/Hz.

Spectrograms are 3-dimensional plots, but, as presented here, the third dimension is color, so all the data

can be presented as a 2-dimensional image. Spectrograms can be used to evaluate how the microgravity

environment varies in intensity with respect to both the time and frequency domains.

8. Microgravity Environment

Many features of the Mir microgravity environment have been described in previous reports [3-9] and

will not be described again here.

8.1 Orbiter Docking and Undocking with Mir

Four Orbiter missions conducted docked operations with Mir during increments 5, 6, and 7. The dates

and times [13] [14] of Orbiter docking and undocking activities are listed in Table 1.

8.2 Soyuz and Progress Docking and Undocking with Mir

There were several Soyuz and Progress vehicles docking to and undocking from Mir during this time

interval. The dates and times [13, 14] of these vehicle docking activities which coincided with SAMS

data acquisition periods are listed in Table 1.

8.3 Characterization of MIM and QUELD

Analysis of SAMS data from earlier increments led PIMS to the conclusion that the MIM and/or

QUELD were causing a noticeable disturbance to the microgravity environment. A test of MIM and

QUELD operations was developed by PIMS to investigate possible disturbances to the environment and

was conducted on 13-14 May 1998. The sequence of steps taken on 13 May is summarized in Table 4.

The tags listed in this table correspond to the tags in the data plots shown in Figures 6 - 9. The Canadian

Space Agency [15] provided information which describes the significant actions during MIM and

QUELD operations.

A correlation may be seen between the operation of certain equipment and the features in the SAMS

data. In particular, the 84 Hz trace appears to be correlated with the MIM cooling fans; the 71 Hz trace

appears to be correlated with the MIM hard disk rotation; and the multiple traces around 65 Hz appear to

be correlated with fans on the QUELD apparatus. The characteristic pattern involving multiple

frequencies from 60 to 100 Hz appears to be correlated with MIM data recording.

The effect of the general broad band noise from the MIM may be seen in the power spectral density

plots of Figure 10 before MIM was active and Figure 11 during MIM operations. When the MIM is

active, higher levels are seen above 55 Hz.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

7

It should be noted that the timing of these activities was derived from Andy Thomas' logbook and were

(for the most part) given in terms of minutes not seconds. This makes the accuracy of these times to be

plus or minus a minute or two which results in the tags not being precisely aligned with the features in

the data plots.

9. Summary

This report presents a summary of the SAMS data recorded on the Mir Space Station during NASA

Increments 5, 6, and 7 from May 1997 to June 1998. During that time, the SAMS supported various

microgravity science experiments. The general environment was similar to the environment of the

previous increments. Data during the operation of the MIM and the QUELD were also analyzed to

characterize the effects of that equipment on the microgravity environment.

10. References

References indicated with an asterisk may be found on the World Wide Web from the PIMS page at

uniform resource location (URL):

http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/MMAP/PIMS/HTMLS/reportlist.html

[1] DeLombard, R. and Finley, B. D.: Space Acceleration Measurement System Description and

Operation on the First Spacelab Life Sciences Mission. NASA TM-105301, 1991.

[2] WWW page at URL:

http://www.hq.nasa.gov/osf/mir/mirguide.html

[3] * DeLombard, R. and M. J. B. Rogers: Quick Look Report of Acceleration Measurements on Mir

Space Station during Mir-16. NASA TM-106835, 1995.

[4] DeLombard, R., S. B. Ryaboukha, M. Moskowitz, K. Hrovat: Further Analysis of the

Microgravity Environment on Mir Space Station during Mir-16. NASA TM-107239, June 1996.

[5] * DeLombard, R., K. Hrovat, M. Moskowitz, and K. McPherson: SAMS Acceleration

Measurements on Mir from June to November 1995. NASA TM-107312, September 1996.

[6] DeLombard, R.: SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir from November 1995 to March

1996. NASA TM-107435, April 1997.

[7] Truong, D., M. Moskowitz, K. Hrovat, and T. Reckart: SAMS Acceleration Measurements on

Mir from March to September 1996. NASA TM-107524, August 1997.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

9

JSC-WWW POSA Reports SAMS Data DELTA

EVENT DMT

(year/day/hour:mi

n )

DMT

(year/day/hour:mi

n )

DMT

(year/day/hour:min)

WWWSAMS

(hour:min)

STS-84 undocking 1997/142/04:04 1997/142/04:04 00:00

Progress M-34

Undocking

1997/175/13:20

STS-86 docking 1997/270/22:58 1997/271/18:30 20:32

STS-86 undocking 1997/276/20:28 1997/276/20:28 00:00

Progress 235

Docking

1997/280/15:03

Progress 237

Docking

1997/281/20:08

STS-89 docking 1998/024/23:14 1998/024/23:14 00:00

STS-89 undocking 1998/029/19:57 1998/029/18:42 01:15

Progress 236

Undocking

1998/74/22:15

Progress 240

Docking

1998/76/03:31

Progress 240

Undocking

1998/135/21:44

Progress 238

Docking

Not available 1998/137/02:55

STS-91 docking 1998/155/19:58 1998/155/20:00 -00:02

Base Kristall Kvant Kvant-2 Priroda Spektr

+XB +ZKristall -XKvant +YKvant-2 -ZPriroda -YSpektr

+YB -Y +Y -X -Y +X

+ZB +X -Z +Z -X +Z

Table 1: Comparison of Orbiter docking and undocking time sources.

Table 2: Tabular representation of Mir module orientations.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

10

EXPERIMENT TITLE INCREMENT

Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility 7

Ambient Diffusion Controlled Protein Crystal Growth 5, 6

Biochemistry of 3-D Tissue Engineering 5

Biotechnology System Coculture 7

Biotechnology System Facility Operations 5

Canadian Protein Crystallization Experiment 6

Cartilage in Space 7

Colloidal Gelation 5

Interferometic Study of Protein Crystal Growth 6

Liquid Metal Diffusion Experiment 6

Microgravity Glovebox Facility Operations 5

Microgravity Isolation Mount Facility Operations Experiment 5, 6, 7

Mir Structural Dynamics Experiment 5, 6, 7

Opposed Flame Flow Spread on Cylindrical Surfaces 5

Protein Crystal Growth in Dewar 5, 6, 7

Queen's University Experiment in Liquid Diffusion 5, 6, 7

Single Locker Thermal Enclosure System for Protein Crystal Growth 6, 7

Table 3: Active microgravity experiments during NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

11

Figure Tag Hour:Min(DMT) Description

First one hour spectrogram (Figure 6)

A 15.23 MIM S3 & S4 ON

B 15:37 MIM S4 OFF

C 15:44 MIM S1 ON

D 15:49 MIM S2 ON

E 15:50 Data storing ON

F 15:53 MIM S3 ON, QUELD S1 ON

G 15:58 Data storing OFF

Second one hour spectrogram (Figure 7)

H 16:26 Flotor unlatched

I 16:33 Data storing ON

J 16:36 QUELD RUN pressed

K 16:55 MIM S3 OFF

L 16:58 MIM S3 & S4 ON

Third one hour spectrogram (Figure 8)

M 17:03 MIM S3 & S4 OFF

N 17:03 Data storing OFF

O 17:04 MIM S2 & S1 OFF

P 17:17 MIM S1 ON

Q 17:20 MIM S2 ON

R 17:28 Data storing ON

S 17:33 Data storing OFF

T 17:53 Data storing ON

Fourth one hour spectrogram (Figure 9)

U 18:03 Data storing OFF

V 18:03 MIM S2 & S1 OFF

W 18:05 MIM S1 ON

X 18:08 MIM S2 ON

Y 18:09 Data storing ON

Z 18:11 Data storing ON

AA 18:16 Data storing OFF

AB 18:22 Data storing ON

AC 18:33 Data storing OFF

Table 4: MIM/QUELD Characterization Test Conducted on Mir.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

12

156 (5/6/97)

157 (6/6/97)

161 (10/6/97)

171 (20/6/97)

174 (23/6/97)

175 (24/6/97)

270 (27/9/97)

271 (28/9/97)

274 (1/10/97)

276 (3/10/97)

279 (6/10/97)

280 (7/10/97)

281 (8/10/97)

339 (5/12/97)

342 (8/12/97)

344 (10/12/97)

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00

Time of Day (DMT)

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00

Legend: SAMS TSH A & B recorded

Shuttle docked with Mir

other activities

141 (21/5/97)

Day (d/m/y)

142 (22/5/97)

STS-86 undocking

1997

STS-84 undocking

Progress 235 undocking

Progress 237 docking

Progress M-34 undocking

STS-86 docking

Increment 5

Increment 6

Figure 1. Mir activities and SAMS recording times during 1997.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

13

Figure 3. Typical Mir crew daily activities.

Figure 2. Mir activities and SAMS recording times during 1998.

Day (d/m/y)

28 (28/1/98)

29 (29/1/98)

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00

Time of Day (DMT)

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00

Legend: SAMS TSH A & B recorded

Shuttle docked with Mir

other activities

25 (25/1/98)

50 (19/2/98)

54 (23/2/98)

74 (15/3/98)

76 (17/3/98)

107 (17/4/98)

112 (22/4/98)

133 (13/5/98)

134 (14/5/98)

135 (15/5/98)

137 (17/5/98)

155 (4/6/98)

30 (30/1/98)

31 (31/1/98)

51 (20/2/98)

156 (5/6/98)

136 (16/5/98)

113 (23/4/98)

108 (18/4/98)

77 (18/3/98)

75 (16/3/98)

55 (24/2/98)

56 (25/2/98)

Increment 6

Increment 7

24 (24/1/98)

STS-91 docking

Progress 236 undocking

Progress 240 docking

EVA

STS-89 docking

STS-89 undocking

EVA

Progress 240 undocking

Progress 238 docking

1998

00:00 04:00 08:00 12:00 16:00 20:00 24:00

Breakfast Exercise Exercise

Lunch Dinner

Crew Activity

Sleep

Time of day (Moscow)
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

14

+X

+Y

-Z

-X

+Z

-Y

 1) U.S. Space Shuttle

 2) Orbital Docking System

 3) Kristall module: materials processing

 4) Kvant II module: scientific

 5) Soyuz transport vehicle

 6) Spektr module: geophysical sciences

 7) Priroda Module: Earth remote sensing

 8) Core module: habitation, power, life support

 9) Kvant module: astrophysics

10) Progress vehicle

Figure 4. Mir core module coordinate system and module orientation.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

15

ZKristall

XKristall

YKristall

YSoyuz

ZSoyuz

ZSpektr

YSpektr XSpektr

ZPriroda

XPriroda

YPriroda

XB

ZB

YB

XKvant-2

ZKvant-2

YKvant-2

ZKvant

XKvant

YKvant

YProgress

ZProgress

Mir Core Module

Figure 5. Mir coordinate systems.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

16

−4

−5−6

−7

−8−9

−10

−11−12

−13

RSS Magnitude [log10(g2

/Hz)]

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddF=0.122 HzdT=4.0960 seconds

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

MATLAB: 22−Oct−1998, 09:06 am

133/15:00 133/15:30 133/16:00

0

90

8070

60

5040

3020

10

100

Decreed Moscow Time (1998 day/hour:minute)

Frequency (Hz)

MIM/QUELD Characterization (1 of 4)

A B C DE F G

Figure 6. MIM characterization test (first hour).
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

17

−4

−5−6

−7

−8−9

−10

−11−12

−13

RSS Magnitude [log10(g2

/Hz)]

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddF=0.122 HzdT=4.0960 seconds

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

MATLAB: 22−Oct−1998, 10:32 am

133/16:00 133/16:30 133/17:00

0

90

8070

60

5040

3020

10

100

Decreed Moscow Time (1998 day/hour:minute)

Frequency (Hz)

MIM/QUELD Characterization (2 of 4)

H I J KL

Figure 7. MIM characterization test (second hour).
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

18

−4

−5−6

−7

−8−9

−10

−11−12

−13

RSS Magnitude [log10(g2

/Hz)]

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddF=0.122 HzdT=4.0960 seconds

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

MATLAB: 22−Oct−1998, 10:50 am

133/17:00 133/17:30 133/18:00

0

90

8070

60

5040

3020

10

100

Decreed Moscow Time (1998 day/hour:minute)

Frequency (Hz)

MIM/QUELD Characterization (3 of 4)

M,NO P Q R S T

Figure 8. MIM characterization test (third hour).
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

19

−4

−5−6

−7

−8−9

−10

−11−12

−13

RSS Magnitude [log10(g2

/Hz)]

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddF=0.122 HzdT=4.0960 seconds

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

MATLAB: 22−Oct−1998, 10:54 am

133/18:00 133/18:30 133/19:00

0

90

8070

60

5040

3020

10

100

Decreed Moscow Time (1998 day/hour:minute)

Frequency (Hz)

MIM/QUELD Characterization (4 of 4)

U,V W X Y Z AA AB AC

Figure 9. MIM characterization test (fourth hour).
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

20

"Before MIM"

DMT Start at 133/17:45:37.854 (Hanning, k=8)

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddf=0.0305 Hz

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

T=262.1 seconds

MATLAB: 21−Oct−1998, 11:58 am

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

10−1210−11

10−10

10−910−8

10−710−6

10−510−4

10−3

10−2

Frequency (Hz)

RSS PSD (g2/Hz)

Figure 10. Power spectral density plot before MIM operations.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

21

"During MIM"

DMT Start at 133/17:55:29.999 (Hanning, k=8)

Head A, 100.0 Hzfs=500.0 samples per seconddf=0.0305 Hz

MIR−1998

SAMS Coordinates

T=262.1 seconds

MATLAB: 21−Oct−1998, 11:50 am

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

10−1210−11

10−10

10−910−8

10−710−6

10−510−4

10−3

10−2

Frequency (Hz)

RSS PSD (g2/Hz)

Figure 11. Power spectral density plot during MIM operations.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

A-1

Appendix A: SAMS Cutoff-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH A (100 Hz)

The Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group has further processed SAMS data to

produce the plots shown here. This appendix presents power spectral density versus frequency versus

time (spectrogram) plots of SAMS TSH A (fc

 =100 Hz) data.

Color spectrograms are used to show how the microgravity environment varies in intensity with respect

to time and frequency. These spectrograms are provided as an overview of the frequency characteristics

of the SAMS data. Each spectrogram is a composite of 6 hour's worth of data. The time resolution used

to compute the spectrograms seen here is 16.384 seconds. This corresponds to a frequency resolution of

0.0610 Hz.

These data were collected at 500 samples per second, and a 100 Hz low-pass filter was applied to the

data by the SAMS unit prior to digitization. Prior to plot production, the raw SAMS data were

compensated for gain changes, and then de-meaned. De-meaning was accomplished by analyzing

individual sections with a nominal length of 30 minutes. Since this de-meaning operation operates on

time periods longer than the plot's time resolution, an artificial dc component may be seen in the extreme

lower frequency regime of these spectrograms. Since these are data processing artifacts, the low

frequency regime (f<0.05 Hz) should be ignored. Users who are interested in further details for either of

these operations are encouraged to contact the PIMS group.
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

Appendix B: SAMS Cutoff-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH B (10 Hz)

The Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group has further processed SAMS data to

produce the plots shown here. This appendix presents power spectral density versus frequency versus

time (spectrogram) plots of SAMS TSH B (fc =10 Hz) data.

Color spectrograms are used to show how the microgravity environment varies in intensity with respect

to time and frequency. These spectrograms are provided as an overview of the frequency characteristics

of the SAMS data. Each spectrogram is a composite of 6 hour's worth of data. The time resolution used

to compute the spectrograms seen here is 40.960 seconds. This corresponds to a frequency resolution of

0.0244 Hz.

These data were collected at 50 samples per second, and a 10 Hz low-pass filter was applied to the data

by the SAMS unit prior to digitization. Prior to plot production, the raw SAMS data were compensated

for gain changes, and then de-meaned. De-meaning was accomplished by analyzing individual sections

with a nominal length of 30 minutes. Since this de-meaning operation operates on time periods longer

than the plot's time resolution, an artificial dc component may be seen in the extreme lower frequency

regime of these spectrograms. Since these are data processing artifacts, the low frequency regime

(f<0.05 Hz) should be ignored. Users who are interested in further details for either of these operations

are encouraged to contact the PIMS group.

B-1
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

Appendix C: SAMS Nyquist-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH A (250 Hz)

The Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group has further processed SAMS data to

produce the plots shown here. This appendix presents power spectral density versus frequency versus

time (spectrogram) plots of SAMS TSH A (fN =250 Hz) data.

Color spectrograms are used to show how the microgravity environment varies in intensity with respect

to time and frequency. These spectrograms are provided as an overview of the frequency characteristics

of the SAMS data. Each spectrogram is a composite of 6 hour's worth of data. The time resolution used

to compute the spectrograms seen here is 16.384 seconds. This corresponds to a frequency resolution of

0.0610 Hz.

These data were collected at 500 samples per second, and a 100 Hz low-pass filter was applied to the

data by the SAMS unit prior to digitization. Prior to plot production, the raw SAMS data were

compensated for gain changes, and then de-meaned. De-meaning was accomplished by analyzing

individual sections with a nominal length of 30 minutes. Since this de-meaning operation operates on

time periods longer than the plot's time resolution, an artificial dc component may be seen in the extreme

lower frequency regime of these spectrograms. Since these are data processing artifacts, the low

frequency regime (f<0.05 Hz) should be ignored. Users who are interested in further details for either of

these operations are encouraged to contact the PIMS group.

C-1
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

Appendix D: SAMS Nyquist-Frequency Color Spectrograms TSH B (25 Hz)

The Principal Investigator Microgravity Services (PIMS) group has further processed SAMS data to

produce the plots shown here. This appendix presents power spectral density versus frequency versus

time (spectrogram) plots of SAMS TSH B (fN =25 Hz) data.

Color spectrograms are used to show how the microgravity environment varies in intensity with respect

to time and frequency. These spectrograms are provided as an overview of the frequency characteristics

of the SAMS data. Each spectrogram is a composite of 6 hour's worth of data. The time resolution used

to compute the spectrograms seen here is 40.960 seconds. This corresponds to a frequency resolution of

0.0244 Hz.

These data were collected at 50 samples per second, and a 10 Hz low-pass filter was applied to the data

by the SAMS unit prior to digitization. Prior to plot production, the raw SAMS data were compensated

for gain changes, and then de-meaned. De-meaning was accomplished by analyzing individual sections

with a nominal length of 30 minutes. Since this de-meaning operation operates on time periods longer

than the plot's time resolution, an artificial dc component may be seen in the extreme lower frequency

regime of these spectrograms. Since these are data processing artifacts, the low frequency regime

(f<0.05 Hz) should be ignored. Users who are interested in further details for either of these operations

are encouraged to contact the PIMS group.

D-1
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

Appendix E: User Comment Sheet

We would like you to give us some feedback so that we may improve the Mission Summary Reports.

Please answer the following questions and give us your comments.

1. Do the Mission Summary Reports fulfill your requirements for acceleration and mission information?

______Yes ______No

If not why not?

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Is there additional information which you feel should be included in the Mission Summary Reports?

______Yes ______No

If so what is it?

Comments:__________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Is there information in these reports which you feel is not necessary or useful?

______Yes ______No

If so, what is it?

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Do you have internet access via: ( ____ )ftp ( ____ )WWW ( ____ )gopher ( ____ )other? Have you

already accessed SAMS data or information electronically?

______Yes ______No

Comments: __________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

Completed by: Name:________________________ Telephone: ______________________________

 Address:________________________ Facsimile: _______________________________

 ________________________ E-mail: _________________________________

Return this sheet to:

Kevin McPherson or

NASA Lewis Research Center FAX to PIMS Project: 216-433-8660

21000 Brookpark Road MS 500-216 e-mail to: pims@grc.nasa.gov.

Cleveland, OH 44135

E-1
SAMS ACCELERATION MEASUREMENTS ON MIR FROM MAY 1997 TO JUNE 1998

F-1

If you encounter difficulty in accessing the data

using the file server, send an electronic mail message

to pims@grc.nasa.gov. Please describe the nature of

the difficulty and give a description of the hardware

and software you are using to access the file server,

including the domain name and/or IP address from

which you are connecting.

Appendix F - Accessing Acceleration Data Via the Internet

SAMS data collected on Mir from May 1997 to June 1998 are available over the Internet from a NASA Glenn

Research Center file server with hostname beech.grc.nasa.gov. Acceleration data and related files are arranged in

a tree structure. The figure shown below illustrates this structure. The acceleration data files (located at the end

of the tree structure) are named for the contents of the file. For example, a file named “axr17508.46r” in the

directory “/pub/SAMS-MIR/MIR_1997/MIR_1997_22/heada/year1997/day175/accel” would contain TSH A data

for the X-axis for day 175, hour 8, file 4 of 6. The readme.doc file in the MIR_1997_22 directory gives a

complete explanation of the file naming convention. The beech file server can be accessed via anonymous file

transfer protocol (ftp), as follows:

1. Open a connection to the file server (hostname: beech.grc.nasa.gov)

2. Login with username: anonymous, and enter your complete e-mail address as the password

3. Navigate to the directory containing the desired files (like the path shown here:

/pub/SAMS-MIR/MIR_1997/MIR_1997_22/heada/year1997/day175/accel)

4. Enable binary file transfer

5. Transfer the desired files

6. Close the connection

-

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

pub

MMA

MMA-LMS

MSL_1R_requests

OARE

SAMS-MIR

MIR_1994

MIR_1995

MIR_1996

MIR_1997

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

MIR_1997_1

MIR_1997_10

MIR_1997_11

MIR_1997_12

MIR_1997_13

MIR_1997_14

MIR_1997_15

MIR_1997_16

MIR_1997_17

MIR_1997_18

MIR_1997_19

MIR_1997_2

MIR_1997_20

MIR_1997_21

MIR_1997_22

heada

-

-

+

+

+

- year1997

day141

day142

day156

+

+

day157

day161

+

+

day171

day174

+

day175

accel

+

+

gain

temp

-

+ MIR_1997_23

+

+

headb

view

+ MIR_1997_23
This publication is available from the NASA Center for AeroSpace Information, (301) 621–0390.

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Subject Categories: 18, 20, and 35 Distribution: Nonstandard

SAMS Acceleration Measurements on Mir from May 1997 to June 1998

(NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7)

Richard DeLombard

Responsible person, Richard DeLombard, organization code 6727, (216) 433–5285.

Acceleration measurement; Microgravity environment; SAMS, Shuttle, Orbiter, Mir,

NASA increment

During NASA Increments 5, 6, and 7 (May 1997 to June 1998), about eight gigabytes of acceleration data were collected

by the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) onboard the Russian Space Station Mir. The data were recorded

on twenty-seven optical disks which were returned to Earth on Orbiter missions STS-86, STS-89, and STS-91. During

these increments, SAMS data were collected in the Priroda module to support various microgravity experiments. This

report points out some of the salient features of the microgravity acceleration environment to which the experiments were

exposed. This report presents an overview of the SAMS acceleration measurements recorded by 10 Hz and 100 Hz sensor

heads. The analyses included herein complement those presented in previous Mir increment summary reports prepared by

the Principal Investigator Microgravity Services project.