The Lyman Hawaiian Earthquake Diary, 

1833-1917 
An amazing accomplishment of record-keeping covering the significant years 

before, during, and after the strongest earthquake in the history of Hawaii. The 

84-year collection of earthquake information credits the perseverance and foresight 

of Sarah, Isabella, and Frederick Lyman. 

Recurrent volcanic activity and earthquakes in Hawaii instill among residents 

respect of the impact of these catastrophic events. The ancient Hawaiians' 

legend of the journey of the volcano goddess Pele across the Hawaiian Islands, 

as artistically portrayed by Lisa Koyanagi* of Hila, attests to the persistence of 

volcanism and earthquakes on the island of Hawaii many centuries ago and 

concurs with the present scientific understanding of the southeasterly growth 

of the island chain. 

*Born and raised on the island of Hawaii, and presently a student of fine arts a 

the University of Hawaii in Hila. 
The Lyman Hawaiian 

Earthquake Diary, 1833-191 7 

By MAX WYSS, ROBERT Y. KOYANAGI, and DOAK C. COX 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2027 
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Dallas L. Peck, Director 

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and 

does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government 

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1992 

For sale by 

Book and Open-File Report Sales 

U.S. Geological Survey 

Federal Center, Box 25425 

Denver, CO 80225 

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data 

Lyman, Sarah Joiner, 1805-1885. 

The Lyman Hawaiian earthquake diary, 1833-1917 I [edited] by Max Wyss, Robert 

Y. Koyanagi, and Doak C. Cox. 

p. em.- (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin; 2027) 

Includes bibliographical references. 

Supt. of Docs. no.: 119.3:2027 

1 . Earthquakes-Ha wa i i-H i lo-H istory. 2. Lyman, Sarah Joiner, 1805-1885-

Diaries. 3. Missionaries' wives-Hawaii-Hilo-Diaries. I. Wyss, Max, 1939- . 

II. Koyanagi, Robert Y., 1934- . Ill. Cox, Doak Carey, 1917-. IV. Title. 

V. Series. 

QE75.B9 no. 2027 

[QE535.2.U6] 

557.3 s-dc20 

[551.2'2'099691] 92-13943 

CIP 
CONTENTS 

Introduction 1 

Genealogy 2 

Residences 3 

Comments 5 

Acknowledgments 6 

References Cited 6 

The Lyman Diary: 

A list of earthquakes kept by Mrs. S.J. Lyman at Hilo, Hawaii, commencing June 

1833 8 

Appendix A: 

Earthquakes not listed by Mrs. S.J. Lyman but reported by Wilkes (1845) who gave 

Mr. D.B. Lyman as his source 34 

FIGURES 

1. Portrait of Mrs. Sarah Joiner Lyman 1 

2. Portrait of Mrs. Isabella Chamberlain Lyman 1 

3. Graph showing annual number of felt earthquakes reported by Mrs. S.J. Lyman, Mrs. 

I.C. Lyman, and Mr. F.S. Lyman for the years 1834 through 1915 2 

4. Map of downtown Hilo with the locations of Lyman residences 3 

5. Photograph of the Lyman home in 1856, near the northwest comer of Ululani and 

Haili Streets, Hilo, Hawaii 4 

6. Photograph of the Lyman home as it is preserved as part of the Lyman Museum originally near the northwest corner of Waianuenue and Kinoole Streets, Hilo 4 

7. Graph showing cumulative number of earthquakes with maximum intensities probably larger or equal to V located in or near Hawaii 5 

Contents Ill 

The Lyman Hawaiian Earthquake Diary, 1833-1917 

By MAX WYSS, 1 ROBERT Y. KOYANAGI, 2 and DOAK C. COX3 

Figure 1. Portrait of Mrs. Sarah joiner Lyman. 

INTRODUCTION 

Mrs. Sarah Joiner Lyman (fig. 1) arrived on the Island of 

Hawaii in July 1832 accompanying her missionary husband. 

In her diary she noted earthquakes when she felt them and 

found that visiting sea captains and naturalists were very 

interested in her observations (Martin and others, 1979, p. 

6-174). This encouraged her to start a separate diary where 

she primarily described earthquakes that she felt and volcanic eruptions reported in Hawaii. She kept up this special 

Manuscript approved for publication March 13, 1992. 

1

Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 

99775-0800 

2

U. S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii 

National Park, HI 96718 

31929 Kakela Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822 

diary for five decades, essentially until her death in December of 1885. Following her death, her son Frederick and particularly Frederick's wife Isabella (fig. 2) continued the diary 

faithfully for another three decades until 1917. This succession of efforts produced a list of earthquakes felt in Hilo 

spanning a period of eight decades. 

The original earthquake diary was initiated by Mrs. S.J. 

Lyman several years after her arrival in Hilo. She copied into 

it a note concerning each of the earthquakes that she had 

noted in her regular diary between the beginning of her residence in Hilo and the start of her purposeful earthquake 

record. The principal document preserved at the Lyman 

Figure 2. Portrait of Mrs. Isabella Chamberlain Lyman. 

Introduction 
House Memorial Museum is entitled "A COPY, MRS. 

SARAH JOINER LYMAN'S EARTHQUAKE RECORDS, 

1833-1887." Below this title the following addition appears 

"Bella C. Lyman 1885-1912." The number "1912" is written 

in a different handwriting than the rest of this addition, 

which suggests that "Bella C. Lyman 1885-," was entered 

by Mrs. Isabella C. Lyman, and someone else, possibly her 

husband Frederick, completed the entry adding "1912" afer 

her death. From the uniform handwriting in this book for the 

years from 1833 to 1887, it appears that much of the first part 

is a copy, as the cover label says. On page 48 of this book 

the entry "Mother died Dec. 7th 1885 (continued by B.C.L)'' 

appears between earthquake records of December 1885. The 

reference to "mother," and the fact that the handwriting did 

not change at this time, suggests that Sarah's daughter-in-law 

Isabella "Bella" C. Lyman was the likely person who copied 

the original. Handwriting and records kept after Isabella's 

death in 1901 are more erratically varied and imply entries 

made by several persons. Starting in 1914 the handwriting 

becomes difficult to interpret. 

When we became aware of the rich source of information 

on historic seismicity contained in this diary, we thought it 

should be made available to the seismological community. 

The Lyman diary presented below was copied faithfully in 

an effort to retain the original writing, including spelling and 

punctuation, with one exception. For convenience in referencing, the dates were placed in front of each entry. To aid 

in understanding, a few corrections were added in brackets. 

Mrs. S.J. Lyman reported three to four earthquakes a year 

consistently until the great Kau earthquake in 1868, after 

which the count increased to double-digit numbers for about 

a decade (fig. 3). Isabella and Frederick Lyman appeared to 

be more sensitive to ground shaking; they noted about 13 

events per year, approximately three times more than their 

predecessor. For the stronger events, indicated to be of 

intensity V (or high IV) by the description in the diary, Isabella and Frederick seemed to have reported about twice the 

number of events per year after 1885 than the annual number 

reported by Sarah for the period before the 1868 mainshock. 

Surprisingly constant rates were reported by Sarah and Isabella over the decades of note-keeping. 

Both Lyman families lived at several residences in Hilo 

during their years of record-keeping (fig. 4). Recent compilations of intensity information indicate earthquakes are felt 

at varying intensities in different parts of Hilo (Koyanagi and 

others, 1966; Wyss and Koyanagi, in press). Thus, when the 

families changed residences, the physical difference in locality and building type may have caused some variance in the 

number and strength of the earthquakes they reported. 

GENEALOGY 

Reverend David Belden Lyman was born on July 29, 

1803, at New Hartford, Connecticut. He died on October 4, 

1884, at Hilo, Hawaii. 

"'

200 

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!:j ! FELT AT HILO 

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50 

40 

30 

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11'1 0 M 

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YEAR 

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Figure 3. Annual number of felt earthquakes reported by Mrs. S.J. Lyman, Mrs. I.C. Lyman, and Mr. F.S. Lyman for the 

years 1834 through 1915. The large number of reports in 1868 and the following years was associated with the largest 

historic earthquake in Hawaii estimated as M=7.9 (Wyss and Koyanagi, in press). The reporting rate increase in 1885-86 

coincided with the death of Mrs. S.J. Lyman. 

2 The Lyman Hawaiian Earthquake Diary, 1833-1917 
155°05'30" 

0 

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Q,= 

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\. ........ , ISLANDS (> ·. 

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Figure 4. Map of downtown Hilo with the locations of Lyman residences. (1) through 

(4) indicate Mrs. S.J. Lyman's residences between 1832-1885. (5) shows the location of 

Mrs. I.C. Lyman's residence. 

Sarah Joiner Lyman, wife of David Belden Lyman, was 

born on November 29, 1805, at Royalton, Vermont. She died 

on December 7, 1885, at Hilo, Hawaii. 

Frederick Swartz Lyman, son of David and Sarah 

Lyman, was born on July 25, 1837, at Hilo, Hawaii. He died 

on April14, 1918, at Hilo, Hawaii. 

Isabella "Bella" Chamberlain Lyman, wife of Frederick 

Swartz Lyman, was born on November 3, 1838, at Honolulu, 

Hawaii. She died on May 16, 1901, at Hilo, Hawaii. 

RESIDENCES 

On July 16, 1832, Rev. David Belden Lyman and his wife 

Sarah Joiner Lyman arrived in Hilo, Hawaii, and moved into 

a stone-walled house with a thatched roof (Martin and others, 1979). This house, referred to in the early mission 

records as "the little stone house," was then occupied by the 

Rev. and Mrs. Jonathan Green who left a month later for a 

new mission at Wailuku, Maui. This small building constructed by Rev. Green in 1830 consisted of two rooms with 

plastered stone walls and a thatched roof. The little stone 

house is believed to have been located in the Kalakaua Park 

area on the southeast comer of Kinoole and Waianuenue 

Streets, at coordinates 19° 43.67' N. latitude and 155°05.49' 

W. longitude, and at an elevation from sea level of 12m (site 

1,fig.4). 

On October 24, 1832, Rev. and Mrs. Lyman moved into 

the new thatched house that was built for them. The house 

had an earth floor, hanging mats were used for room partitions, and there were some glass windows. It was located 

near the southwest corner of Kinoole and Haili Streets at 

coordinates 19°43.56' N. latitude and 155°05.45' W. longitude, and at an elevation 12m (site 2, fig. 4). 

On March 11, 1835, the Lymans left the thatched house 

and moved back to the stone house (site 1, fig. 4). 

On January 15, 1836, the Lymans moved into a newly 

constructed one-and-a-half story wood frame house with a 

thatched roof (fig. 5). The frame house was located near the 

northwest comer of Ululani and Haili Streets, at coordinates 

19°43.57' N.latitude and 155°05.54' W.longitude, and at an 

elevation of 18m (site 3, fig. 4). 

Introduction 3 
Figure 5. The Lyman home in 1856, near the northwest corner of Ululani and Haili 

Streets, Hilo. 

Figure 6. The Lyman home as it is preserved as part of the Lyman Museum originally near the northwest corner of 

Waianuenue and Kinoole Streets, Hilo. 

4 The lyman Hawaiian Earthquake Diary, 1833-1917 
HAWAIIAN ARCHIPELAGO 

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00 

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0 

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00 

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YEAR 

Figure 7. Cumulative number of earthquakes with maximum intensities probably larger or 

equal to V located in or near Hawaii. Vertical lines mark the time of the death of S.J. Lyman 

and the begining of modern records, respectively. Note that the slope (rate) during modern recording (after 1915) is intermediate between that during the two diary reporting periods. The 

aftershock sequence following the great 1868 earthquake is prominent for several years. 

On April 22, 1839, the Lymans moved into a new 

wooden building with stone foundation and cellar. The 

house was topped with a thatched half-story and thatched 

roof. Upstairs in the thatched roof were two attic bedrooms 

with windows from which Hilo Bay and the northeastern 

horizon were visible. The location was near the present location of the Lyman House Memorial Museum at 276 Haili 

Street near the northwest comer of Haili and Kapiolani 

Streets. Coordinates are 19°43.50' N. latitude and 155° 

05.61' W. longitude, and elevation is 27 m (site 4, fig. 4). 

This place of residence, where Sarah Lyman continued her 

earthquake diary for the rest of her life, has remained 

unchanged. 

On September 15, 1856, modifications to the Lyman 

house were completed. A second story was added and the 

thatched roof was replaced with corrugated iron (fig. 6). 

On April 3, 1868, Frederick and Isabella Lyman moved 

their family from Kau to Hilo, following the catastrophic 

earthquake of 1868. They lived in a two-story wooden house 

on Waianuenue Avenue near the northwest comer ofWaianuenue and Kinoole Streets, across Kinoole Street from the 

Federal Building of Hilo. Coordinates for the place of residence are 19°43.68' N.latitude and 155°05.52' W.longitude, 

and elevation is 15m (site 5, fig. 4). 

COMMENTS 

The expressions used to describe the sensations caused 

by earthquakes were applied fairly consistently. An approximate translation to the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale 

(lnt) was proposed by Wyss and Koyanagi (in press) in their 

table 8 and is referred to as the "Lyman scale." The division 

into words used for describing Int '?:.V (severe, heavy, hard, 

smart, decided) and words describing earthquakes with 

lesser shaking of Int<V (moderate, distinct, slight), was possible mainly because of the association of the first group with 

events that woke people. In the catalogue of Hawaiian earthquakes with maximum intensity larger or equal to V (Wyss 

and Koyanagi, in press) the record for the early years (1833 

Introduction 5 
through about 1915) heavily relied on the Lyman diary of 

earthquakes listed here. The rates of earthquakes with likely 

intensities of Int '?:.V reported by S.J. Lyman (1832-1867), 

and F.S and I.C. Lyman (1885-1915) were somewhat less 

and larger, respectively, than the rate between 1915 and 

1955 (fig. 7). During the later period more recently established intensity criteria were used and the record for events 

with Int '?:.Vis complete. Because the reporting rates for lnt 

'?:.V in the three observation periods do not vary strongly and 

because the recent reporting rate is intermediate, we suggest 

that the record back to 1833 for earthquakes with Int '?:.Vis 

approximately complete for the Island of Hawaii. 

A felt earthquake catalogue is normally not expected to 

be complete and homogeneous over eight decades. At times 

the authors must have been traveling, sick, or otherwise 

unable to make entries. Also, the process of copying introduces errors. An indication that the early record may not be 

complete was found by comparing the earthquake list preserved in this document with that given by Wilkes (1845). 

Although Wilkes cites the Rev. D.B. Lyman as the source 

of his earthquake list, there are some differences. The event 

of 19 January 1838 in the present list appears to be that of 4 

January 1838 in the Wilkes list. While the present list contains only a general reference to several earthquakes in the 

first week of December 1939, Wilkes lists four specific 

events (see "Appendix A"). Also, in February and in March 

of 1841 one event each is listed by Wilkes that does not 

appear in the Lyman catalogue. It is not known whether 

these differences in reporting were due to differences in 

location of the reporters or were due to errors and omissions. 

The inconsistencies are minor in view of the many years 

of record-keeping. It is truly fortunate that the remarkable 

document initiated by Sarah Lyman was continued and preserved, giving us a record of the seismic activity for 84 years 

during the early history of Hawaii. This outstanding accomplishment reflects the exceptional interest and perseverance 

of Sarah, Frederick, and Isabella Lyman. The awesome 

shaking experienced by Frederick and Isabella in the epicentral area of the 1868 Kau earthquake, the strongest historic 

earthquake in Hawaii, undoubtedly left a profound impres6 The Lyman Hawaiian Earthquake Diary, 1833-1917 

sion in their lives and, very likely, enhanced their concern 

and determination in maintaining the earthquake record. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

The contents of this report were developed with partial 

support from grant number 14-08-0001-G1325 from the 

U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, and partial support from the National Science Foundation grant 

number EAR-8916252. We thank the director, Dr. Leon H. 

Bruno, and the staff of the Lyman House Memorial Museum 

for making this record of Hawaii earthquakes available. We 

are especially thankful for support provided by Paul Dahlquist and Jay Ishimoto in preparing photographic reproductions of some of our figures and Gloria Kobayashi in 

researching times and places of the Lyman residences in 

Hilo. Carl Stover of the U. S. Geological Survey's National 

Earthquake Information Center assisted considerably in 

organizing this publication. We thank N.J. Regnier, B.J. 

Sloan, Marie Yamashita, and Sandra Zane for their assistance with typing and deciphering the copies of the original 

manuscript. 

REFERENCES CITED 

Koyanagi, R.Y., Krivoy, H.L., and Okamura, A.T., 1966, The 1962 

Kaoiki, Hawaii, earthquake and its aftershocks: Bulletin of 

the Seismological Society of America, v. 56, no. 6, p. 

1317-1335. 

Martin, M.G., Lyman, N.H., Bond, K.L., Damon, E.M., 1979, ~e 

Lymans of Hilo: Hilo, Hawaii, Lyman House Memonal 

Museum, 224 p. 

Wilkes, C., 1845, Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838-1842: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Lea and Blanchard, v. 4, 331 p. 

Wyss, Max, and Koyanagi, R.Y., in press, Iso~ismal ma~s, ~acroseismic epicenters and estimated magmtudes of h1stoncal 

earthquakes in the Hawaiian Islands: Geological Survey 

Bulletin 2006. 
THE LYMAN DIARY 
8 

A LIST OF EARTHQUAKES 

KEPT BY MRS. S. J. LYMAN AT HILO, HAWAII 

COMMENCING JUNE 1833. 

1833 Jlll1e. 

Two slight shocks during the month. 

1833 Oct. 3d. 

Two shocks in the night. One of them quite 

heavy. 

1833 Oct. 13th. 

One at 3 oclock P.M. rather heavy. Motion up 

and down. 

1834 Feb. 19th. 

A shock so heavy, at 6 P.M. as to throw down 

stone walls, throw cream off the milk, and 

upset small jars etc. About 9 in the evening 

there was another slight shock. 

1834 May 14th. 

A heavy shock between two and three oclock 

P.M. 

1834 Aug. 31st. 

One at near four A.M. so heavy as to awaken 

nearly every one. 

1835 Mar. 23d. 

A slight shock at nine A.M. 

1835 Mar. 26. 

Three successive shocks at six and a quarter 

P.M. 

1835 July 21. 

Three shocks during the day. 

1835 Sept. 6th. 

A shock at 2 or 3 A.M. 

1837 Jlll1e 20th. 

A smart shock at 2 minutes before 7 P.M. 

1838 Jan. 19th. 

A smart shock after 12 oclock midnight. 

1838 Jan. 29th. 

Three shocks in quick succession near 10 

P.M. The two first heavy, the last slight. 

1838 July 9th. 

A slight shock between 8 & 9 A.M. 

1838 Oct. 16th. 

A slight jar accompanied with a noise resembling the discharge of a distant cannon. 

1838 Nov. 5th. 

Three shocks during the day. One in the 

A.M. two in the P.M. 

1838 Nov. 6th. 

A shock a few minutes before ten A.M. 

1838 Nov. 7th. 

A smart shock at 1/4 before 12 M. another at 

3 and another about 4 A.M. 

1838 Nov.-Dec. 

From the 8th to the 13th there were several 

shocks each day and frequently during the 

whole month, and also during the first week 

of Dec. none of them so heavy as to cause 

much alarm. 

1838 Dec. 12th. 

A tremendous shock at one oclock P.M. The: 

doors and windows rattled and was difficult to 

walk (arotmd) across the room. The little 

plants shook and trembled .and a person walking near the house has to brace himself to 

keep his position. Stone walls were thrown 

down and the plastering in the house cracked. 

1839 April 7th. 

A pretty smart shock at noon. 

1840 Feb. 1st. 

A severe shock at 1 1/2 P.M. 

1840 May 5th. 

A slight shock at 4 P.M. 

1840 Sept. 

A slight shock at 10 P.M. 

1840 Oct. 14th. 

1840 

A slight shock between eight and nine ocl ock 

P.M. 

In Jlll1e of 1840 there was an eruption from 

Kilauea. 

1840 Dec. 18th. 

Two smart shocks about five A.M. waking us 

from sound sleep. 

1841 Mar. 11th. 

Two shocks one at 1/4 before one oclock, and 

the other at 20 minutes before two P.M. 

Motion up and down. -gently and easy. 

1841 April 5th. 

A smart shock at 1 1/2 P.M. lll1dulations 

North and South. 

1841 April 7th. 

The most severe shock we ever felt at 11 3/4 
P.M. Seams were opened in the plastering in 

every room in the house, and the whitewash 

scatt~red a foot or two from the walls. Every 

soul m the house was awaked and it seemed 

as if the house was really coming down on us. 

Milk was thrown out of pans and water out of 

a pail only half full. A little before one A.M. 

and again at two there were slight jars. 

1841 May 28th. 

A slight shock at 7 1/2 P.M. 

1841 June 26th. 

A shock in the night. 

1841 July 3d. 

A shock between 5 & 6 A.M. 

1841 Sept. 

One shock-time forgoten. 

1841 Nov. 28th. 

A shock in the night. 

1842 Feb. 14. 

A shock at five A.M. 

1842 Aug. 15. 

A shock in the night. 

1842 Aug. 31. 

A shock at half past nine evening. 

1842 Nov. 9th. 

A shock in the night so heavy as to awaken 

us. 

1843 Mar. 8. 

A shock at seven P.M. 

1843 April 27. 

A shock in the night. 

1843 July. 

Two during the month - one in the night, and 

the other in daytime. 

1843 Dec. 15. 

A shock at 10 A.M. 

1844 Feb. 18. 

A severe shock at 6 1/2 P.M. 

1844 Sept. 1. 

A heavy shock a little before 8 A.M .. 

1845 Dec. 21. 

A moderate shock in the night. 

1846 Feb. 14. 

A a slight shock at 7 A.M. 

1846 June 15, 24. 

Moderate shocks in the night. 

1847 March 29. 

A shock between 9 & 10 A.M. 

1847 Oct. 14. 

A heavy heavy shock about 3 P.M. 

1848 Feb. 

A heavy shock at 5 P.M. 

1848 April 19. 

Two slight shocks at 8 P.M. 

1848 July 9. 

A severe protracted shock at a quarter past 

four morning. 

1848 Dec. 5th. 

1850 

A slight shock at 8 1/4 P.M. 

Only two shocks during the year. time not 

remembered. 

1851 Jan. 12. 

A smart shock about 7 P.M. Premonitory 

shock very distinct. 

1851 Mar. 4. 

A moderate shock a little past midnight. 

1851 May 11. 

Slight shock at 2 in the morning. 

1852 Mar. 

An eruption commenced in March 

1852 Mar. 31. 

A very severe shock 4 1/4 P.M. 

1852 Oct. 19. 

A smart shock at 4 3/4 A.M. 

1853 Mar. 2. 

A smart shock at 5 A.M. 

1853 Mar. 8. 

A smart shock - time forgoten. 

1853 Mar. 11. 

A smart shock at 4 1/2 A.M. 

1854 Aug. 26. 

A smart shock at 4 P.M. 

1854 Oct. 29. 

A smart shock at 8 evening. 

1855 Mar. 18. 

A smart shock at 8 1/2 P.M. the vibrations 

continueing several seconds. 

1855 May 24. 

A protracted & tolerably smart shock at 9 

oclock A.M. 

1855 June. 

A smart shock at 4 1/2 P.M. 

1855 Aug. 3d. 

9 Tolerably smart shock at 8 1/2 P.M. motion 

up and down. The volcano is unusually active 

at this time. 

9 
10 

1855 Sept. 17. 

A smart shock at 8 A.M. 

1855 Nov. 2. 

A smart shock at 7 A.M. 

'1856 Jan. 8. 

A smart shock at 4 A.M. 

1857 July 8. 

A slight shock at 5 l/2 A.M. 

1857 July 30. 

A severe shock at one in the morning motion 

undulating. 

1857 Aug 30. 

A slight shock at 1 1!2 P.M. 

1857 Sept. 9. 

A smart shock at 9 A.M. 

1858 March. 

One slight shock time forgoten. 

1858 April. 

A protracted and rather heavy shock. 

1858 June 8. 

A slight shock at 3 A.M. 

1858 July 5. 

A smart jar before morning. 

1858 Sept. 11. 

Coppied to here for Dr. Winslow. 

1859 July 6. 

A slight shock in P.M. 

1859 July 16. 

A smart shock at 11 P.M. 

1859 Nov. 21. 

A smart shock at 3 A.M. The trembling continued unusually long after the shock. 

1860 Feb. 14. 

A moderate shock at half past three P.M. 

1860 June 8. 

A moderate shock at 3 A.M. 

1860 July 18. 

A severe shock at 4 P.M. 

1860 July 20. 

A slight shock at 9 P.M. 

1860 July 26. 

A slight shock at 6 P.M. 

1860 Sept. 26. 

A slight shock about 11 A.M. 

1860 Nov. 17. 

A moderate shock at 10 1/2 A.M. 

1861 Mar. 12. 

A smart shock at 10 A.M. 

1861 June 1st. 

Quite a severe shock at 8 1/2 P.M. 

1861 Aug. 9. 

A slight shock at 7 1/2 P.M. 

1862 Feb. 7. 

A slight shock at 4 P.M. 

1862 April 27. 

A slight shock at a quarter to 12 midnight. 

1862 Oct. 9. 

A slight shock at 3 P.M. 

1862 Oct. 9. 

A slight shock at 6 P.M. 

1863 April 13. 

A slight shock at 10 1/4 A.M. 

1863 May 6. 

Two heavy shocks at 3 1/2 P.M. 

1863 Nov. 26. 

A heavy shock at 3 1/2 A.M. 

1864 Feb 15. 

One shock at 12 1/2 noon. 

1864 May 14. 

A shock at 4 P.M. 

1865 March 3. 

A heavy shock at 7 A.M. 

1865 July 17. 

Two shocks at 4 A.M. 

1865 Aug. 26. 

A shock at 9 1/4 P.M. 

1865 Sept. 14. 

A shock at 9 1/4 P.M. 

1865 Dec. 11. 

A smart shake at 1 1/2 A.M. 

1865 Dec. 25. 

A slight shock at 8 P.M. 

1865 Dec. 29. 

An eruption discovered on Mauna Loa. 

1865 Coppied to here for French Consul by Mr. 

Lyman. Mar. 27, 65' 

1866 Aug. 4. 

Two slight shocks· at 11 oclock A.M. 

1866 Oct. 1. 

A protracted but not heavy shock at 8 oclock 

P.M. 

1867 May 31. 

Coppied to here for Dr. Winslow 

1867 Oct. 19. 

A slight shock at 20 min to 12 
1867 Oct. 30. 

A heavy shock at 5 1{2, P.M. 

1867 Nov. 7. 

A smart shock at 2 A.M. 

1867 Dec. 29. 

At 11 3/4 P.M. a slight shock which was felt 

in Kau. 

1868 Feb. 2. 

A shock in the night. 

1868 March 28. 

Felt a shock of earthquake quite severe at 1 

4/5 P.M. Another hard one at 3 oclock, 

another at 6 & another at 7 and at 10 P.M. 

1868 Mar. 29. 

A hard shock in the night which waked us all 

from sleep. This was at one oclock A.M. 

Then a slight shock at six, a jar at eight, 

another at a short time after, another at ten, 

another a smart shock at at twelve M. motion 

undulatory- At one P.M. an easy shake. 

1868 April 1st. 

There were six shocks between the hours of 

eleven last night and six this morning. Have 

felt two during the day and a jar this evening. 

1868 April 2nd. 

There were twelve shocks counted during the 

night. -most of them easy, one however 

rocked the bed considerably At four oclock 

that afternoon there was such an awful rocking and heaving of the earth as we never felt 

before. Indeed there was a series of shocks 

following each other in quick succession the 

third of which drove us from the house. after 

a cessation of only one or two minutes the 

fourth came. in which violent undulations, 

rotary, and all most all other motions were 

combined or followed each other in quick succession. (At one moment the surface of the 

earth seemed to move like the surface of the 

ocean and the large trees to sway hither and 

thither like ships masts in a storm. The few 

stone buildings in the place were ruined. The 

chimneys of cook and dwelling houses were 

thrown down. Clocks, mirrors and crockery, 

not firmly secured, were generally thrown 

down and broken. Cellar walls and underpinning were much damaged. Stone walls were 

generally prostrated, even the foundation 

stones being generally removed from their oridinal position. and it was not easy to tell in 

which direction from the wall the larger portion of the stones had fallen. 

The best chimney stacks of the Hilo Sugar 

Mills were thrown down while some of the 

old cracked chimneys supposed all most ready 

to fall were little affected. The shocks were 

considerably more severe here than they were 

at the crater of Kilauea thirty miles from here, 

but less severe than they were in Kau from 

Kapapala to Kahuku. Then slight jars were 

felt almost constantly for a few minutes after 

which the earth commenced rocking again 

fearfully. This continued but a short time and 

was followed by a tidal wave. 

After the fearful shaking subsided slight jars 

were felt almost constantly for about five 

minutes when the earth commenced rocking 

again fearfully, but it was of short duration. 

The wonder was that any building was left 

standing. 

1868 April 3. 

There are frequent jars by day and by night 

some of them so hard as to drive us from the 

house. 

1868 April 5. 

The shocks are so frequent we have ceased to 

count them. 

1868 April 7. 

Saw smoke from the Southern slope of Mouna 

Loa, and we hear of lava flow in Kau. 

1868 April 8. 

Two smart shocks at eleven A.M. and several 

slight ones during the day. 

1868 April 9. 

All slept well last night for the first time since 

the 2nd instant, only one shake felt during the 

night - occasional shakes felt during the day. 

1868 April 10. 

A quiet night but was waked by a shock this 

morning. 

1868 April 11. 

A shaking at 11 oclock in the night. 

1868 Apri113. 

A moderate shock at day light, and another at 

nine A.M. 

1868 April 15. 

One shake at 5 A.M. and another in the evening. 

1868 April 18. 

A dense smoke came in from the North. 

1868 April 19. 

Still dark and smokey. a smart shake about 8 

in the evening. 

11 
12 

1868 April 20. 

Still smokey. 

1868 April 29. 

A smart shock about midnight that drove us 

from our beds. 

1868 April 30. 

A shake at five in the morning, and two during the day. 

1868 May 5. 

The earth is again unquiet. slight shocks 

occurring frequently. 

1868 May 6. 

A shock in the night and two today. 

1868 May 10. 

Two smart shocks last evening at nine oclock. 

1868 May 11. 

A shake at dawn of day and another very distinct at nine A.M. 

1868 May 15. 

Three smart shakes in quick succession at a 

quarter to six A.M. 

1868 May 16. 

Two slight shocks about midnight and another 

at eight this forenoon. 

1868 May 17. 

A smart shock at twenty minutes past eight 

P.M. 

1868 May 18. 

A shock in the night. 

1868 May 19. 

A shake about one P.M. 

1868 May 21. 

A shake at nine A.M. 

1868 May 22. 

A shake at seven A.M. 

1868 May 23. 

A moderate shake at 11 last night. 

1868 May 24. 

A severe shake about midnight last night. 

Kilauea very bright. 

1868 May 25. 

Two easy shakes in the night. 

1868 May 26. 

A moderate shake at six A.M. another quite 

hard at twenty minutes to eight, and another 

at seven P.M. 

1868 May 27. 

A shake at five A.M. another at eleven A.M. 

1868 May 28. 

A protracted trembling of the earth at midnight and another before morning. 

1868 May 29. 

One shake in the night. 

1868 June 3. 

A shake at four P.M. 

1868 June 4. 

One shock during the day. 

1868 June 5. 

One shock in the night. 

1868 June 6. 

A shake at nine A.M. which was soon followed by another. 

1868 June 7. 

One shake last night. 

1868 June 9. 

A shake at 11 last night and another at 4 this 

morning. 

1868 June 10. 

A smart shock preceded by a decided premonitory shock at a quarter past seven A.M. 

(P.M.?) 

1868 June 16. 

A shake at 2 P.M. 

1868 July 7. 

There have been several slight shocks of late 

which I have not recorded. 

1868 July 8. 

A shake in the night. 

1868 July 11. 

A shake at 11 P.M. 

1868 July 12. 

A smart shock at 8 A.M. which caused all at 

the table to give a sudden spring forward. 

1868 July 20. 

A shake at 5 A.M. 

1868 July 22. 

A shake at 2 P.M. 

1868 July 23. 

A shake at 8 P.M. 

1868 July 24. 

A decided shake at twenty minutes to eleven 

last night, which drove us from our beds. 

1868 July 29. 

Two shakes last night. 

1868 July 31. 

Two shakes last night. 
1868 Aug 5. 

One shake in the night. 

1868 Aug 8. 

A smart shake at ten last night. 

1868 Aug 10. 

A smart [s]hake twenty minutes to eleven 

A.M. another at two P.M. 

1868 Aug 11. 

A shake at 5 P.M. 

1868 Aug 12. 

A shake at 8 P.M. 

1868 Aug 15. 

It is reported that there were three shocks yesterday, and two during the night during the 

kai mimiki, but I did not feel them. 

1868 Aug 17. 

One slight shake last night. 

1868 Aug 20. 

A smart shake at 8 A.M. followed by another 

in about ten minutes and another at 1 P.M. 

1868 Aug 21. 

Two shocks during the day. 

1868 Aug 23. 

Three shakes during last night. 

1868 Aug 25. 

A decided shake at 20 min to 4 P.M. 

1868 Aug 26. 

A shake at nine A.M. 

1868 Aug 29. 

A shake at five A.M. another at eight A.M. 

and another at three P.M. 

1868 Sept. 5. 

A shake about one P.M. 

1868 Sept 6. 

A shake about half past ten last night. 

1868 Sept. 7. 

A hard shak at half three P.M. 

1868 Sept. 8. 

A shake near morning. 

1868 Sept. 11. 

A decided shake (proceded by a distinct 

premonitory shock.) at 10 A.M. 

1868 Sept. 13. 

a decided shake at eight last evening, another 

at two this afternoon. 

1868 Sep. 18. 

A slight shake at half past 8 A.M. 

1868 Sep. 21. 

Two slight shakes in the night. 

1868 Sep. 22. 

One sudden decided jar at 6 A.M. another at 

two P.M. 

1868 Sep. 23. 

Smokey again. 

1868 Sep. 24. 

A light seen at Kilauea. last night - very 

smokey. 

1868 Sept. 25. 

A moderate shock in the night. 

(Absent for two weeks from home) 

1868 Oct. 20. 

A smart shake at 5 A.M. proceded by a 

premonitory shock. 

1868 Oct. 26. 

A shake a little before midnight. 

1868 Oct. 30. 

A shake at 8 P.M. 

1868 Nov. 2. 

Slight shake at 8 A.M. another hard shake 

proceded by a slight one at 1 P.M. 

1868 Nov. 6. 

Smokey again. 

1868 Nov. 7. 

Smoke rising from the summit of Mauna Loa. 

1868 Nov. 8. 

A shake in the night. 

1868 Nov. 10. 

Quite a shake at 10 P.M. 

1868 Nov. 15. 

A shake in the night. 

1868 Nov. 16. 

A severe and protracted shake which drove us 

from our beds, to the verandah at 10 P.M. 

1868 Nov. 17. 

A shake at 2 1/4 P.M. 

1868 Nov. 18. 

A slight shake in the night and another today. 

1868 Nov. 22. 

Two smart shakes at 5 A.M. 

1868 Nov. 23. 

A shake at fifteen minutes to 11 A.M. 

1868 Nov. 28. 

A hard shake at half past 8 A.M. 

1868 Nov. 29. 

A shake at 5 A.M. another at half past 12 

P.M. 

13 
14 

1868 Dec. 11. 

A smart shake about 2 A.M. 

1868 Dec. 25. 

A smart shake at 5 A.M. 

1868 Dec. 28. 

A slight shake at 5 1/2 P.M. 

1869 Jan. 8. 

A shake at 1 P.M. 

1869 Jan. 18. 

A slight shock a quarter to 10 A.M. 

1869 Jan. 23. 

A Moderate shake at 2 P.M. 

1869 Jan. 30. 

A protracted undulatory motion at 10 A.M. 

and a sudden shake at 8 1/2 P.M. 

Coppied to here by Mr Coan. 

1869 Jan. 31. 

A smart shake at 5 A.M. another at 2 P.M. 

1869 Feb. 2. 

Moderate up and down shaking of some 

seconds about 6 1/2 A.M. another in the afternoon about 2 oclock. 

1869 Feb. 4. 

A short decided up and down shake after midnight. 

1869 Feb. 11. 

A smart shake in the night which waked all 

the sleepers. 

1869 Feb. 18. 

A protracted trembling at 12 M. succeeded by 

a violent shakeing which caused some of us to 

fly out of the house. At fifteen minutes past 

twelve, there was a sudden smart bump followed by quite a smart shaking. The first was 

the hardest we have had since Aug. 

1869 Feb. 19. 

A moderate shake sometime after midnight. 

1869 Feb. 20. 

A moderate shock at 8 1/4 A.M. 

Hear that the Volcano is very active, several 

lakes opened. 

1869 Feb. 22. 

At twenty minutes to two oclock yesterday 

morning we were roused from our slumbers 

by a violent shaking which continued for 

some seconds then there was a cessation of a 

few seconds, but short shake which alarmed 

us a good deal. This morning at a quarter to 

five there was a repitition of the same but not 

quite so hard as the night before. 

1869 March 9. 

A slight shake at 8 A.M. 

1869 March 16. 

A slight shake at 3 A.M. 

1869 March 18. 

Two slight shakes in the night. 

1869 March 24. 

A moderate shock at 8 A.M. 

1869 April 14. 

A slight trembling of a few seconds was succeeded by a sudden hard jerk which made the 

whole house creak. This was at 11 A.M. 

1869 April 19. 

A smart short shake at midnight last night 

1869 April 12 (21 ?). 

Two hard shocks at twenty minutes to 8 P.M. 

which drove us out. · 

1869 April 24. 

A smart shake at 10 minutes to 1 oclock A.M. 

In five minutes after there was another similar 

shake, which drove us from our beds. 

1869 May 10. 

a slight shock between 10 and 11. A.M. 

1869 May 11. 

A slight shake at 8 oclock A.M. 

1869 May 20. 

At a quarter to 7 A.M. There was one of those 

sudden sharp bumps which startles everyone. 

and this was followed by a smart shake which 

caused the house to tremble for several 

seconds. At half past one P.M. there were 

two slight shocks 

1869 May 24. 

A sudden but not hard shake in the night. 

1869 May 29. 

A moderate shake at a quarter past four P.M. 

1869 May 30. 

A smart shock towards morning 

1869 June 6. 

A moderate shock at about 11. oclock last 

night. 

1869 June 9. 

A shake in the night at 12 

1869 June 22. 

A smart shock at 3 P.M. 

1869 June 23. 

A shake in the night. 

1869 July 8. 

A moderate shock in the night. 
1869 Aug 1. 

Last night (about midnight) there was a smart 

shock of earthquake preceeded by a premonitory shock which waked us all. 

1869 Aug. 13. 

A moderate shock at 9 1/2 last night. 

1869 Aug 14. 

A shock in the night. 

1869 Aug 15. 

A shock at 4 this morning which resembled 

very strikingly the begining of the one of the 

2nd of April. '68. 

1869 Aug. 17. 

A smart shock at 11 A.M. 

1869 Aug. 19 

A smart shock at 5 P.M. 

1869 Sept. 2. 

A moderate shock at 3 1/2 A.M. 

1869 Oct. 7. 

A distinct shock at 2 P.M. It is said there 

have been severe slight shocks during the 

month but I have not felt them. 

1869 Oct. 22nd. 

A smart shock at 11 P.M. last night. Undulations sharp and distinct N. & S. 

1869 Dec. 6th. 

a moderate shock at 2 P.M. It is said there 

was a shock in the night. 

1869 Dec. 7th. 

A distinct shock at 5 l/2 A.M. 

1869 Dec. 28th. 

A decided shock at 8 P.M. 

1870 Jan. 3rd. 

There was smoke seen on the summit of 

Mouna Loa at noon today & this evening 

there is a colum of smoke rising half way 

down the mountain, the North Kona side. We 

see no light. 

1870 Jan 4th. 

Two distinct shocks at 20 minutes to 12 last 

night. 

1870 Jan 7th. 

A decided shock at 7 l/2 P.M. preceded by a 

trembling 

1870 Jan 13th. 

A slight shake at 7 A.M. 

1870 Feb. 26th. 

A sudden smart shake at 20 minutes to 8 P.M. 

1870 Mar. 14th. 

A moderate shake at 20 minutes to 3 P.M. 

1870 Mar. 21st. 

A protracted & quite severe shock at 8 1/2 

P.M. 

1870 Mar. 26. 

A moderate shock at a quarter to 4 A.M. & 

another hours later. 

1870 April 7th. 

Three shocks within 40 minutes between 2 & 

3P.M. 

1870 April 13th. 

A moderate shake at 4 A.M. 

1870 May 2nd. 

A smart shock at 4 1/4 this morning 

1870 May 6th. 

A slight shock at 5 A.M. 

1870 May 31st. 

A shock at 20 minutes to 4 P.M. 

1870 June 12th. 

A slight shock at 10 minutes past 9 A.M. It 

is said there was one about 4 P.M. on the 

lOth. inst. 

1870 June 13th. 

A protracted shaking (not severe) at 3 A.M. 

1870 June 22. 

A moderate shake at 9 P.M. 

1870 July 9th. 

A slight shock at 15 m. to 11 A.M. 

1870 July 13th. 

A slight shock at 20 m. to 7 P.M. 

1870 July 21st. 

A protracted trembling between 2 & 3 A.M. 

1870 July 25th. 

A shake at 4 A.M. 

1870 Aug 1st. 

A jar at 9 A.M. 

1870 Aug 7th. 

The most protracted shaking at 4 A.M. that 

we ever felt with the exception of the great 

earthquake. It was not severe however. 

1870 Sept. 1st. 

A slight shock in the night 

1870 Oct. 30th. 

A slight shock at a quarter to 6 A.M. Another 

between 7 & 8 P.M. 

1870 Nov. 5th. 

Two slight shocks at 20 m. to 8 A.M. 

15 
16 

1870 Nov. 20th. 

At 4 oclock A.M. there was a smart shock, 

which was succeeded in a few seconds by a 

heavy shaking which reminded one of the 

shaking of a horse. 

1870 Nov. 24th. 

A sudden heavy jar at 9 P.M. 

1870 Nov. 28th. 

A moderate shock at 4 P.M. 

1870 Dec. 2nd. 

A shock at 11 A.M. 

1870 Dec. 9th. 

A shock at 4 P.M. 

1870 Dec. 11th. 

A hard shake at a quarter to 1 A.M. Another 

slight one in Dec. -not recorded. 

1871 Feb. 8th. 

A smart shaking at half past 10 P.M. preceeded by a slight jar. 

1871 Feb. 12th. 

A shake about 12 M. 

1871 Feb. 15th. 

A protracted shake at 20 min. to 8 P.M. 

1871 Feb. 19th. 

A shake which lasted 2 min. at 10:5 P.M. A 

part of the time it was quite hard & yet nothing was displaced in the house. The length of 

it was what alarmed us. 

1871 Feb. 23rd. 

A sudden jar at 4 P.M. 

1871 Mar. 4th. 

A sudden jar between 4 & 5 A.M. 

1871 Mar. 6th. 

2 shakes in the night. 

1871 Mar. 8th. 

A shock at 11 A.M. 

1871 April 9th. 

A sudden jar at 20 min. to 8 A.M. 

1871 April 14th. 

A sudden bump at 12 M. 

1871 May 14th. 

A slight shock 

1871 May 17th. 

A light shock 9 P.M. 

1871 June 12th. 

A moderate shaking of a few seconds at 10 

min. to 8 A.M. 

1871 June 19th. 

A smart shake at a quarter to 6 A.M. 

1871 June 20th. 

A shake at 1 o'clock A.M. 

1871 June 22nd. 

A smart decided shake that waked us all from 

sleep. 

1871 July 11th. 

A protracted trembling at 4 A.M. but not hard. 

There have been several slight earthquakes of 

late. 

1871 Aug. 12th. 

A shock at 2 P.M. 

1871 Sept. 2nd. 

A shock at 7 1/4 A.M. 

1871 Sept. 11th. 

A hard shock at 11 A.M. 

1871 Sept. 13th. 

Severe shock at 12 1/4 M. from S. - N. walls 

thrown down 

1871 Sept. 25th. 

Two smart shakes, only 2 or 3 seconds apart a 

few minutes after 3 A.M. 

1871 Sept. 27th. 

A distinct jar at about 7 P.M. 

1871 Oct. 2d. 

A distinct jar at about 5 A.M. 

1871 Oct. 12th. 

1871 

A distinct jar at about 7 1/4 P.M. 

One or two slight shocks in the last half of 

Oct. 

1871 Nov. 2nd. 

A slight but protracted shake at about 7:20 

P.M. 

1872 Jan. 6th. 

A slight shock at about 8 A.M. & a slight 

premonitory followed by a smart but not hard 

shake at 3:30P.M. 

1872 Feb. 5th. 

A smart shake at 5.45 P.M. 

1872 Feb. 24th. 

A moderate shake at 11 A.M. 

1872 Mar. 1st. 

A moderate shake at 9.20 A.M. 

1872 Mar. 4th. 

A moderate shake at 6 1/2 A.M. 

1872 Mar. 6th. 

A smart shock at 4 A.M. 

1872 April 13th. 

A slight shock at 3 P.M. 
1872 April 22nd. 

Three distinct shocks, which shook the house 

fearfully at 6 P.M. The motion of the earth 

was very preceptible to those standing out of 

doors. 

1872 April 23rd. 

A shock at 2 1/2 A.M. 

1872 April 29th. 

A slight shock in the night. 

1872 May 2nd. 

Two gentle shakes at a quarter to 1 A.M. A 

sudden shake not hard at 7 1/2 P.M. 

1872 July 8th. 

A moderate shake in the night. 

1872 July 11th. 

A shock last night, time not known. 

1872 July 15th. 

Two distinct shocks a[t] 7 1/2 P.M. 

1872 Aug. 17th. 

One shock at 5 A.M. 

1872 Aug. 18th. 

A smart shock preceeded by a decided 

premonitory shock at 1 oclock A.M. 

1872 Aug. 19th. 

A slight shock at 10 P.M. 

1872 Aug. 27th. 

It is about two weeks since an eruption commenced on Mauna Loa (supposed to be at 

Mokuaweoweo) & it is still very brilliant at 

night. 

1872 Oct. 13th. 

A decided jerking shake at 6 P.M. 

1872 Nov. 30th. 

A light shake about 2 P.M. 

1873 Jan. 7th. 

Had a fine view this eve. of a grand eruption 

in Mokuaweoweo, No flow 

1873 Jan. 22nd. 

A sudden, slight shock at about 8 o'clock. 

P.M. 

1873 Jan. 23rd. 

A smark shock at 9 3/4 A.M. Two shocks at 

20 min. to 5 P.M. 

1873 Feb. 8th. 

A slight shock at 11 1/4 P.M. 

1873 Feb. 11th. 

A slight shock at 5 A.M. 

1873 Feb. 14th. 

A slight shock at 2 A.M. 

1873 Mar. 29th. 

A slight shock at 6 A.M. 

1873 April 24th. 

Two distinct, but not hard shocks about 9 

P.M. 

1873 June 5th. 

A smart shock at 7 1/2 A.M. & another 

between 8 & 9 A.M. 

1873 July lOth. 

A smart shock at 11 A.M. & another at 8 

P.M. the latter slight. 

1873 July 29th. 

A slight shock at 6 A.M. 

1873 Aug. 28th. 

A shock at 5 P.M. It is said there have been 

several slight shocks during the month. 

1873 Aug. 30th. 

A decided shock at 3 1/2 P.M. 

1873 Sept. 3rd. 

A smart shock at 3 A.M. 

1873 Sept. 5th. 

Two smart shocks at 4 1/2 P.M. 

1873 Sept. 30th. 

A moderate shock at 8 A.M. 

1873 Oct. 4th. 

A slight shock in the night. 

1873 Nov. 13th. 

A decided shake at 6 A.M. 

1873 Dec. 13th. 

A long tremulous motion at 9 A.M. 

1874 Jan 1st. 

A slight shock at 4 P.M. 

1874 Jan 15th. 

A slight shock at 5 A.M. 

1874 Feb. 6th. 

A shock in the night. 

1874 Feb. 12th. 

A smart shock at 8 1/4 P.M. 

187 4 Mar. 4th. 

It is said there were two shakes in the night. 

1874 Mar. 28th. 

A real smart shake at 9 P.M. 

187 4 April 1Oth. 

A real smart shake at 4 1/2 A.M. 

1874 April 27th. 

A protracted shake at 7:20P.M. 

1874 April 30th. 

Two smart shakes at 5 1/4 

17 
18 

1874 May 15th. 

A severe shake at 11 3/4 A.M. 

1874 June. 

Two quite smart shakes 

1874 June 29th. 

A hard shake at 4 P.M. 

1874 Oct. 2nd. 

A smart shake at 11 P.M. 

1874 Oct. lOth. 

A gentle undulating motion at a quarter to 11 

A.M. 

1874 Nov. 9th. 

A shake at 4 P.M. not severe 

1874 Dec. 5th. 

A slight shock at about 4 P.M. 

1874 Dec. 29th. 

A protracted and some what severe shock at 6 

o'clock A.M. There were really three distinct 

shocks, but the trembling between them did 

not cease and continued some seconds after 

the last shock. This shock was felt on Oahu. 

1875 Jan. 11th. 

A Eruption on Mauna Loa discovered yesterday morning quite early. 

1875 Jan. 12th. 

The eruption is evidently in Mokuaweoweo & 

is extensive. 

1875 Jan. 26th. 

The mountain has been clear for several days 

in succession. The light is brilliant at night & 

the smoke is marked during the day. The 

snow is extensive on both mountains. 

1875 Jan. 29th. 

A smart shake at 12: 15 M. preceeded some 12 

seconds by a sudden bump & followed by 

several seconds of trembling. No noise save 

what was made by the shaking of the house. 

1875 Jan. 30th. 

The eruption or light on the mountain was 

exceedingly brilliant last night & at sun rise 

this morning there was a perpendicular 

column of smoke, over a thousand feet high 

resting over the summit crater. It resembled 

smoke rising from a chimney on a cold winter 

morning, & spreading out at the top like an 

expanded flower. The appearance was very 

beautiful & lasted an hour. 

Coppied to here for Mr. Martin of Paris. 

1875 Feb. 5th. 

Two moderate shocks, with 6 or 8 sec intervening, at 20 min. to 9 P.M. No noise 

accompanying it. 

1875 Feb. 11th. 

A sudden jar, not hard, at 9 P.M. 

1875 Mar. 1st. 

A slight shock a little before 9. A.M. Motion 

undulating. N. & S. 

187 5 April 20th. 

A slight undulatory motion lasting a few 

seconds, at a quarter to 12M. 

1875 May 20th. 

Two slight shocks at 1 1/2 P.M. 

1875 May 21st. 

Two slight shocks at 5 1/4 P.M. 

1875 May 25th. 

A slight shake in the night. 

1875 June 6th. 

A smart shake at 20 min. to 2 A.M. preceeded 

by a premonitory shock that waked us from a 

sound sleep. 

1875 Aug. 11th. 

A great cloud of smoke visible during the day 

on MOlma Loa, & a brilliant display of light 

in the evening. 

1875 Aug. 12th. 

A gentle shake at 9 1/2 P.M. 

1875 Aug. 13th. 

A protracted, but gentle shaking at about 8 

o'clock P.M. 

1875 Nov. 18th. 

A gentle shake at 8 1/2 P.M. 

1875 Nov. 23rd. 

A protracted and hard shaking at 11 1/2 A.M. 

The children of the foreign school ran out. At 

12 1/2 there was a slite shake & at about 7 

P.M. another. 

1876 Feb. 13th. 

An eruption was discovered on Mauna Loa 

Sab. eve & the Eruption ceased in about 2 

weeks. 

187 6 Mar. 29th. 

A slight shake at 3 1/2 P.M. 

1876 Mar. 30th. 

A protracted & quite hard shake at about 4 

A.M. 

1876 April 11th. 

Light seen on Mauna Loa. 

187 6 May 3rd. 

A smart shake at 9.P.M. 
1876 June 27th. 

A moderate shake at 4 A.M. 

1876 July 17th. 

A slight shake at 6 A.M. 

1876 Sept. 5th. 

A slight shake at 9:40 A.M. 

1876 Oct. 23rd. 

A sudden jar at about 5 A.M. 

1876 Nov. 1st. 

A moderately smart shock between 4 & 5 

A.M. 

1877 Feb. 23d. 

A decided shock at 6 P.M. 

1876* Feb. 14th. 

An eruption seen on the mountain at 9 P.M. 

In two days it was extinct, but it broke out 

lower down the mountain & reached the sea 

in a few days, about 3 miles from Kaawaloa. 

1877 Apr. 28th. 

A distinct but not hard shake at 5 1/2 A.M. 

1877 May 5th. 

Two shocks within an hour between 1 & 2 

oclock A.M .. 

1877 May 6th. 

A protracted but moderate shock at 5 1/2 

A.M. 

1877 May lOth. 

A heavy tidal wave swept the beech at 5 A.M. 

destroying 34 homes at W aiakea with the 

bridge, & 12 houses between W aialama and 

Asko's old store. One hundred and sixty three 

people are made houseless & homeless. Some 

are bruised and some have broken bones. 

Five are dead. The wave was (by accurate 

measurement at Waiakea) 13 1/2 feet above 

high water mark and swept inland 40 rods. 

1877 May 31st. 

A severe and protracted shaking at 4:20 A.M. 

Some things thrown down and displaced in 

the house and walls damaged. At a quarter to 

five there was a slight shake & another a little 

past five. 

1877 Aug 2d. 

A moderate shake at 7:30 A.M. & another 

quite protracted and decided at a little past 8 

P.M. 

* From the position in the diary it is most likely that the 

year here was 1877. 

1877 Aug 18th. 

A gentle shake at ten min. past l.P.M. 

1877 Aug. 30th. 

Two slight shocks between 11 & 12M 

1877 Sept. 28th. 

A shake at 8 1/4. P.M. 

1877 Nov. 30th. 

Two slight shocks at 11 A.M. 

1877 Dec. 1Oth. 

Two slight shocks at 11 P.M. 

1878 Jan 28th. 

A protracted but moderate shake at 10 min to 

7 A.M. 

1878 April 21st. 

A slight shake at 1 P.M. 

1878 April 30th. 

A decided jar at 3 1/2 P.M. 

1878 July 6th. 

A moderate shock at 7:5A.M. Motion undulatory from N to South 

1879 Mar. 4th. 

A moderate shock at 11 A.M. The first in 

many months. 

1879 Mar. 11th. 

A smart shake at 2 A.M. 

1879 Mar. 24th. 

Two slight shakes about 3 A.M. 

1879 May 15th. 

A smart shock at 9:30 P.M. A respit of 

several seconds, then a shake that made the 

house tremble ( a crack ) violently. Before 

midnight there was another moderate shake. 

1879 May 21st. 

A moderate shake at ten min to 9 A.M. 

1879 Jlllle 29th. 

A slight shock at 12 1/2 P.M. 

1879 Nov. 4th. 

Had the hardest shake at 5 min to 9 A.M. that 

we have had in a long time. The premonitory 

shock crune suddenly, was quite hard & protracted after which we had a real upshaking. 

No damage done however. 

1879 Nov. 9th. 

Two moderate shakes with a few seconds 

intervening between each. 

1879 Nov 9th. 

A slight shake at about 5 A.M. Another about 

8A.M. 

19 
20 

1879 Nov. 27th. 

A smart shake at 20 min to 9 A.M. 

1880 Feb. 8th. 

A shake about 12 P.M. 

1880 Apr. 21st. 

Were waked about 1 A.M. by a smart shake 

which was succeeded by one still harder. 

1880 May 1st. 

A splendid illumination on the summit of 

Mouna Loa. commenced at 8 P.M. and 

looked as tho the whole sumit of the mountain 

was on fire. 

1880 July 20. 

A shock in the afternoon 

1880 July 27th. 

A moderate shake at 8 A.M. 

1880 Aug. 8th. 

A sudden jerking shake but not protracted at 8 

P.M. 

1880 Aug. 18th. 

A smart protracted shake at 3 3/4 A.M. which 

drove some from their beds & waked every 

body. 

1880 Sep. 8th. 

A moderate shock at 1 3/4 P.M. 

1880 Sep. 23d. 

Two severe shocks at a quarter past three 

P.M. the first nearly equal to the second & 

only a few seconds intervening between them. 

1880 Sep. 25th. 

We were startled by a severe shaking at 4 

o'clock this morning which was followed by a 

still harder one after a few seconds, & followed by a trembling motion which continued 

several seconds. In the course of half an hour 

there were three light but distinct shocks. 

1880 Nov. 6th. 

A brilliant eruption on Mouna Loa. lava 

flowing toward Mouna Kea. 

1880 Dec. 1Oth. 

We have seen rivers of fire flowing in 

different directions & new craters have been 

formed, but the light is gradually fading out, 

tho' there are indications that there is vigerous 

action still near the summit. 

1881 Jan. 5th. 

A little more than a moderate shake at 20 min 

past 4 P.M. The light is still bright at the 

summit at night and also at the lower end of 

the stream nearest to us, which is said to be in 

the woods about 18 miles from us, but still 

progressing. 

1881 Apr. 21st. 

A not very heavy shake preceeded by a 

premonitory shock at 2.25 P.M. 

1881 May 23d. 

A distinct but slight shock at 6 1/2 A.M. 

1881 June 17. 

A slight shock at 5 A.M. 

1881 June 19. 

A distinct shock (not hard) at 10 1/2 A.M. 

1881 Aug. 13. 

The lava which commenced on Mouna Loa 

Nov. 6th. 1880. flowed steadily on till within 

a mile of the sea, when about the 11th of 

Aug. it began to cool off at the lower end and 

now on the 13th there is neither fire or smoke 

to be seen except at the summit. Last night 

there was perfect darkness for the first time. 

1881 Sept. 30. 

At early down [dawn] the earth commenced 

trembling and for nearly a minute there was a 

violent shaking causing the house to creak & 

groan making it seem as tho' it must come 

down. It was the most violent one we ever 

felt & yet strange to say very few things were 

displaced in the house. The motion was principally up & down, apparently everything 

moved with the house. In about five minutes 

there was another slight shock. 

1882 May 15th. 

One slight shock at 7 P.M. 

1882 May 21st. 

A slight jar, followed by a decided but not 

hard shake. 

1882 July 17th. 

A moderate shake at 7 1/4 A.M. 

1882 July 26th. 

A decided shake at 2 A.M. 

1882 Oct. 18th. 

A decided shake at 12M. not protracted however. 

1883 May 7th. 

It is said there was a shake in Apr. did not 

feel it. 

1883 May 15th. 

A decided shake, but not hard at about 6 

o'clock A.M. 

1883 July 12th. 

A decided, but not hard shake at 7 P.M. 
1883 Ju1 y 26th. 

A protracted but not heavy shock at 1 A.M. 

1883 Oct. 23d. 

A moderate shake at 9. in the evening. 

1883 Dec. 20. 

A sudden, decided, smart shake at 9. P.M. 

1884 Apr. 19th. 

Quite a protracted but not a severe shake at 

12M. Have felt no other this year, tho' I have 

heard of others feeling some slight shocks. 

1884 Aug. 21st. 

A respectable shake at 3 A.M. 

1884 Aug. 28th. 

Two moderate shakes in the night. 

1884 Oct. 30th. 

There were several slight shocks during Sept. 

· & one quite smart one about the 11th Sept. 

1884 Nov. 5th. 

A moderate shake at 1 P.M. 

1884 Nov. 18th. 

A decided shake at 1. P.M. 

1884 Nov. 21st. 

One decided shake at 1. A.M. 

1884 Dec. 1Oth. 

A smart shock at 9. o'clock A.M. 

1885 Jan. 13th. 

A hard protracted shake at early dawn. It was 

of the kind which may be called intermitent 

and which makes one nervous not knowing 

what the end may be, as it gains strength by 

each successive renewal. This was more protracted than usual. 

1885 Feb. 5th. 

A moderate shake. 

1885 Feb. 23d. 

A pretty smart shake (preceded by a slight 

one) at 9 P.M. ending with a protracted trembling. 

1885 Dec. 7th. 

Mother died. (continued by B.C.L.) 

1885 Dec. 12th. 

1/4 of 1: o'clock A.M. one smart shake. 

1885 Dec. 19th. 

1/4 of 5. A.M. slight shake. 

1886 Jan. 19th. 

1 slight shock at 20 mts. to one. P.M. 

1886 Jan. 20th. 

At half past 5 A.M. one decided shock followed by another in five minutes, then another 

8 or 10 mts. after & still another 1 hour after. 

1886 Feb. 13th. 

1 slight shock 8 1/2. P.M. Sat. Eve. 

1886 Feb. 26th. 

5.P.M. slight shock. 

1886 Mar. 6th. 

One earthquake during the night at Hilo and 

over 43 felt during the night & till 9 A.M. at 

the Volcano of Kilauea and about the 5th 

shock all the fire left the Lake of Kilauea. 

1886 Mar. 19th. 

1 slight shock felt in Hilo at 9:15. A.M. 

1886 Mar. 20th. 

Slight shock 10. A.M. 

1886 Apr. 29th. 

At half pst. 3. A.M. 1 shock from the direction of the Volcano to the sea. One sharp 

shock felt at Waimea at 1 o'clock. P.M. also 

one other earlier in the month not felt here. 

Fire still gone from the crater of Kilauea. 

Near the first of Jtme the fire returned to 

Kilauea. For some time before there was any 

amount of fire an appearance like electric 

lights was seen near the old lake. 

1886 July 28th. 

A slight earthquake about 3. A.M. 2 shocks. 

1886 Aug. 1st. 

20 mts. after 12M. a slight shock. 

1886 Oct. 18th. 

20 mts. of 7. P.M. two shocks first a slight 

tremble second quite hard. 

1886 Oct. 19th. 

4:30. A.M. one slight shock. Near midnight 

one quite long shock. 

1886 Nov. 19th. 

2:30. P.M. two shocks: first up and down, 

second waving. 

1887 Jan. 11th. 

1 :20. A.M. one sharp shock. 

1887 Jan. 16th. 

4:15. P.M. one slight shock. 

1887 Jan. 17th. 

At 2:30 P.M. one decided shock preceeded 

by two slight shocks. Another shake at 4 

P.M. Still another at 4:20 a long but slight 

shake. Another at 4:45. 

1887 Jan. 18th. 

2 long but not heavy shocks at 5 min. of 12 

last night. 

21 
22 

1887 Jan. 18th. 

Near 12 M: a slight shock. 

1887 Jan. 18th. 

A 1:30 P.M. a long shock. 

1887 Jan. 19th. 

A bright reflection was seen last night on the 

clouds over Mouna Loa on the Kau side. The 

report is that has been seen since Sat night. 

1887 Jan 23d. 

11 :27 at night a hard shake. At 20 min of 12 

a hard shake. At 9 min of 12 a slight shake. 

At 6 min Of 12 a slight shake. At 3 min of 

12 a slight shake. One at 12. long but slight. 

At 8 min past 12 another very slight. Some 

felt a slight shake between 6 & 7 in the evening. The first light was seen on Sunday the 

16th., and was not seen again till Tuesday. 

Then a lava flow broke out near Kahuku and 

reached the sea in a day or so. It continued to 

flow for a week or so. 

1887 Jan. 25. 

A slight shock at 12:30 last night and another 

at 3:30. 

1887 Jan. 28. 

One shake near 12 last night. 

1887 Feb. 12. 

A shock about noon. It is said there was one 

last night. 

1887 Feb. 16th. 

One slight but rather long shock at 20 min 

pastl. 

1887 Mar. 8th. 

There were 3 slight shocks between 9 and 12 

last night. 

1887 Mar. 9th. 

Two very slight shakes between 11 & 12 last 

night. 

1887 Apr. 23d. 

A slight shock at 7. A.M. and it is said there 

was another near 10 A.M. 

1887 May 10. 

A slight shake at 7. A.M. 

1887 July 23. 

About noon, one decided shock. 

1887 Aug. 5th. 

Slight shock about noon. 

1887 Aug. 7th. 

1.30 A.M. one quick sharp shock waked us all 

up. 

1887 Aug. 22. 

Qr - before 5. A.M. one slight shock. 

1887 Sep. 13th. 

10m. after 1. A.M. one long continued shock. 

not severe enough to displace anything, but 

we all were awakened by it. 

1887 Oct. 1st. 

5 mts. ps 11 P.M.- A long peculiar shake 

nothing was put out of place, but the bell of 

the hanging lamp struck from side to side so 

that we heard it several strokes. 

1887 Oct 2d. 

Slight shock after 6. A.M. 

1887 Oct. 27th. 

A slight shock 9. P.M. 

1887 Nov 9th. 

Ten minutes after 5. A.M. two shocks first 

very slight. second slight, but I ong continued. 

1887 Dec. 9th. 

About 8. A.M. - To shocks - not very hard -

1888 Feb 24th. 

- Twenty minutes after 7. A.M. four slight 

shocks1888 March. 

- Slight shock abt 7. A.M. -

1888 May 8th. 

About half pst 12 A.M. one hard shock waked 

us all up out of sound sleep - and another 

slight shock about an hour after. 

1888 Aug. 14th. 

Slight shock in the night abt 2. AM. 

1888 Aug. 20th. 

At 7.35 A.M. - quite a severe shock. began 

with a long trembling then a shock then a 

second which was severe enough to throw out 

water from vases full of flowers & milk from 

the pans & many things fell down that were 

not secured with fastenings following this 

were two slight shocks - abt. half an hour & 

an hour apart. 

1888 Aug. 26th. 

Slight shock. at 5 A.M. -

1888 Nov. 8th. 

6 P.M. - a long continued shock commenced 

with a rumble & trembling which increased 

more & more in one hard shock & went off as 

it began, trembling. 

1888 Nov. 9. 

3:30 A.M. one shock quite long but slight. 
1888 Nov. 20. 

4:25P.M. one slight shock- North & South. 

1889 Jan. 3d. 

7.30 P.M. - one slight shock- . 

1889 Feb. 17. 

1/4 before 9 slight shock. 

1889 Feb. 21. 

About 5 o clock A.M. one decided shake -

followed in about five minutes by another 

very slight one. a very bright light was seen 

to appear after the shakes in the direction of 

Kilauea. 

1889 May 7th. 

15 mts to 11 A.M. 1 shock - a protracted 

tremble. 

1 slight shake in November. 

1890 Feb. 6. 

Quarter to 3 P.M. two shocks distinctly felt. 

1890 Feb. 15. 

3:10P.M. one shocks distinctly felt. 

1890 March 24. 

8.25 P.M. one shock very long trembling -

with a good deal of noise. 

1890 March 31. 

- 9 30 P.M. - one shock -

1890 May 11th. 

at Waimea 10 A.M. there was quite a prolonged earthquake. did not notice it here. 

1890 May 17. 

We felt a slight shock abt 5 a.m. 

1890 June 5. 

At 10 m. after 3.P.M. one shock with considerable noise 

1890 June 15. 

About 6 a.m. one shock with protracted trembling but slight. 

1890 July 1st. 

About 2 P.M. one shock - slight. 

1890 July 1st. 

4:30P.M. one sharp decided shake1890 July 10. 

2:20 P.M. one sharp decided shake -

1890 July 28. 

Shortly after 4.P.M. an earthquake with two 

shocks & long trembling with a good deal of 

noise. I felt it standing in the street. 

1890 Aug 6. 

Ten minutes after 11. P.M. - we were all 

awakened by a prolonged shake - 5 shocks -

with long continued trembling - followed by 

three slight shocks during the next half hour. 

1890 Aug 7. 

at 12.30 a decided earthquake with two 

shocks. small things were thrown down in 

nearly every room in the house during the first 

earthquake & in some houses tables & 

pianoes were moved half a foot from the wall. 

Stone walls also fell down. a slight shock 

was felt near 4. a.m. same day. 

1890 Aug 8. 

A slight shock was felt near 3. A.M. and 

several very slight shocks were noticed during 

the days of Aug. 9th & 1Oth -

1890 Aug. 21. 

one shock was felt in the A.M. ten minutes 

before 4. wakening us all up - but nothing 

was overturned. 

1890 Nov 10. 

About 2 A.M. one slight shock1891 Jan. 15. 

Two shocks at 3:20P.M. The second heavier 

than first, but nothing disturbed. 

1891 Feb. 25. 

A slight shock at 9.30 in the evening. 

1891 Mar. 6. 

A long tremble at 9 in the evening. 

1891 March 8. 

2 A.M. another long trembling which shook 

the windows & waked us all up. 

1891 March 10. 

We heard from the Volcano today that at the 

time of the earthquake of the 6th the Lake 

sank 300 ft. & at the 2 oclock earthquake on 

the night of the 8th all fire went out of 

Kilauea - Earthquakes are very frequent at 

Kapapala & they fear some out break over 

there or on Mauna Loa. 

1891 March 10 -

about 10 in the evening slight shock. 

1891 March 12. 

about 2 a.m. & 6 a.m. slight shocks. 

1891 March 13. 

at 4.30 one decided shock. 

1891 March 14. 

between one & two P.M. one shock. There are 

many slight shocks, but we do not feel them 

all. 

1891 March 24. 

We hear that the fire is coming back into the 

23 
24 

crater & the reflection has been seen from 

Hilo. & there has been no surface flow in 

Kau. This statement was contradicted - & the 

fire did not come back till the middle of 

ApriL The return was very gradual. 

1891 July 5. 

Shortly after 2 P.M. a long continued trembling but slight. 

1891 In September 

one slight earth quake was felt -

1891 Oct. 6. 

1/4 4 P.M. one slight shock -

1891 Oct. 15. 

1/2 6 P.M. - We felt a hard shock. It began 

with a long tremble & sound like thunder. 

then a decided shock -

1891 Oct. 16. 

-At 5 am. & about 9 a.m. slight shocks1891 Dec. 29. 

one shock 8.30. P.M.-

1892 Jan 7. 

Quarter after 2 P.M. two slight shocks. 

1892 During the month of Jan. 

several slight shocks were felt. 

1892 March 11. 

Quarter after 12. A.M. one shock, with very 

slight premonitory shock. 

1892 May 30. 

Between 2 & 5 one slight shock. 

1892 Oct. 18. 

About half pst. 4 o clock a.m. - slight shock -

1892 Dec 3. 

- About 9 P.M. - one shock of earthquake. 

During the last week of Nov. light was seen 

in the Crater on Mauna Loa which seems to 

be active again and there is also a great deal 

of fire in Kilauea 

1892 Dec. 23. 

At half past 12 A.M. - a sharp earthquake -

waked every body in town. and another at qr. 

of 2-a.m. - which was a long continued tremble. - another slight one before morning and 

one the next day. - all slight -

1892 Dec. 27. 

Just about 12 - noon - one shock. 

1893 Jan. 3. 

At ten minutes to two P.M. - one shock -

1893 April 8. 

About Eleven P.M. a long continued tremble. 

fully half a minute. 

1893 April 9. 

- 5. A.M. - one shock. Several very slight 

shocks between April & Oct. 

1893 Oct. 9. 

Ten minutes before 9 P.M. three seperate 

earthquakes - none of them very hard, ending 

with a very slight tremble. 

1893 Nov. 4. 

5.30 P.M. - While we were at the dinner 

table, one smart shock with long trembling 

afterwards. 

1894 Feb. 2. 

At 5 o'clock Feb. 2. a slight shock. 

1894 Feb. 8. 

A very gentle shake at 5 minutes to seven 

Feb. 8. evening. 

1894 March 18. 

About 9. A.M. - slight shock. only one slight 

shock during April -

1894 May 28. 

- Quarter after 12-A.M. - one shock that made 

the windows shake & awoke us all. course 

from the mountain to the sea. 

1894 June 16. 

- About twenty mts. after 2. A.M. one shock 

quite long continued1894 July 13. 

20 mts. of one P.M. an earthquake with 2 

shocks. Fire dropped way down in the Lake 

but did not disappear. 

1894 Dec. 3. 

In the morning at half past 3 - one long shock 

that finished with a trembling & every one 

waked up -heard afterwards that it was felt at 

Waimea or in Honolulu. 

1894 Dec 3. 

another shake at 10 mts after 11 a.m. 2 shocks 

long swaying mothion - In the evening of 

same day at 10 mts. after 10 P.M. one long 

shake1894 Dec. 4. 

at 5 A.M. one slight shock. 

1894 Dec. 9. 

20 mts after 4.P.M. - two shocks. Fire disappeared from the Lake at Kilaea but was seen 

early in Jan. but has disappeared again. 

1895 Jan. 11. 

10 mits after 4 a.m. - one shock slight but 

waked us up. No Fire in the lake -
1895 Jan. 22. 

- Quarter after 10 P.M. - two shocks, long 

continued, but slight - from south to north -

1895 March 31. 

25 mts. after 2. P.M. two shocks first long 

trembling then decided shock. 

1895 July 16. 

near 7 A.M. a slight shock. Early in October 

several slight shocks of earthquake were felt 

in Kau & Hilo - The fire is still out of the 

Lake at Kilauea seemed to leave early in 

1895 - During July of 1894 the Lake dropped 

down but fire did not disappear - In Dec - the 

fire left for a time then came back about New 

Years & left again - There is a great deal of 

smoke and in the cracks it is so hot that paper 

will burn that is put in and the guide dropped 

his handkerchief -& before he could get it - it 

burned up. this was during first week in 

October. 

1895 Oct. 25. 

At one P.M. - slight shock1895 Oct. 25. 

1/2 past 2 P.M. one decided shock which 

started us all to our feet. 

1895 Nov. 5. 

Quarter of 12 noon. one shock not severe. -

We hear from the volcano that the lake pit has 

fallen still more, about 500 ft now, & stones 

are falling & there is a great deal of smoke -

but no fire. 

1895 Dec- 8. 

- Half pst. eleven P.M - one long shake and a 

trembling that kept up a whole minute. 

motion from the volcano to the sea. 

1895 Dec. 9. 

20 mts after 3 a.m. - one slight shock and 6 

A.M. - another. It was reported that fire has 

come back into the crater at Kilauea & that 

there is a change with the look of the smoke. 

1895 Dec. 13. 

- Slight shock felt in the night aft 2 a.m. The 

earthquake shocks of Nov 5 were felt in 

Honolulu more heavily than on Hawaii 

1896 Jan 3. 

- fire returned in the lake at a great depth 450 

ft below its rim. It continued in action only 3 

or 4 weeks going out entirely on the night of 

Jan 28-

1896 Jan 29. 

1/4 after 5 A.M. earthquake felt 2 shocks 

quick & sharp. 

1896 Feb. 11. 

P.M. very slight shock1896 April 20. 

- earthquake felt at the volcano we did not 

feel it in Hilo - several felt in Kau that week. 

1896 April 21. 

There was an eruption in the crater of 

Mokuaweoweo. seen first in Hilo in the 

morning of April 22 very thick black smoke 

seen rising early in the morning. very bright 

light seen every night when the mountain was 

clear of clouds. This eruption continued during April but went out before May. no 

reflection being seen after April. Several 

slight earthquakes have been reported to us 

during May & June. but one did not feel 

them. 

1896 July 11. 

Fire came back to Kilauea in the Lake; 

remained through August, sometimes more & 

sometimes less, and seemed to be entirely 

gone by the first part of September lOth or so 

1896 Sep 13. 

At 4.30 A.M. slight shock -

1896 Sep 13. 

5 a.m. felt a heavy shake most a half a 

minute. began all at once very hard shook 

things down stopped clocks - splashed milk 

out of pans, & water from the Fish globe -

waked every body in town- It was from N.W. 

to S.E. 

There was a slight jar in the afternoon. no 

more fire reported at the crater 

1896 Oct 10. 

It was telephoned this morning that there is 

much activity in the crater - "full of fire" & 

reflection seen from Hilo - active only a little 

while. 

1896 Nov. 17. 

A little after half past one P.M. 2 shocks of 

earthquake felt. great noise - seemed to come 

in direction of the volcano. 

1896 Nov. 18. 

Quarter before 7 A.M. slight shock 

1896 Nov. 25. 

Twenty minutes after 4 a.m. one long tremble 

- and a slight one later -

1896 December 31. 

- one slight shock after 9 P.M. 

1897 February 4. 

5 30 a.m. slight shock. felt in Waimea with 

25 
26 

more force. 

1897 Feb. 15. 

Slight shock at 6. P.M. no fire in Kilauea 

1897 March 10. 

- Quarter after 5-A.M. one decided shock 

N.W. to S.E. We heard that there was a 

heavy one felt in Paina on the 8th of March1897 March 13. 

Saturday evening near eleven o'clock - slight 

shock 

1897 March 14. 

About 3. a.m. slight earthquak 2 slight shocks. 

1897 March 22. 

About 3 P.M. slight earthquak 2 slight shocks. 

1897 April 1. 

About 4 P.M. one shock quite decided -

1897 Apr. 23. 

Friday morning 20 mts to 10, one shock 

There is said to be a great deal of smoke at 

the Volcano - towards Puna -

1897 May 6. 

- At nine in the evening one shock with rumbling sound & long trembling 

1897 June 11. 

Early in the morning a long gentle shake1897 June 20. 

much smoke from the pit. 

1897 June 24. 

- It was telephoned from the volcano that fire 

had come back into the crater. 

1897 July 7. 

10 o clock A.M. - slight shock- Word comes 

from the crater that the fire has gone again, & 

only smoke, & very little reflection. 

1897 Aug. 6. 

Slight shock about 4 a.m. direction from the 

volcano toward the shore. 

1897 Aug 16. 

- An earthquake felt in Honolulu short but 

"very strong." 

1897 Aug.-Sep. 

Several slight shakes during latter part of Aug. 

In September about the 16. When the three 

Representatives from the U.S. were there with 

W.O. South & Prof Alexander & Mr Wight -

there was fire in the Lake and more fire the 

18. of Sep. continued on for a couple of 

weeks or so this went down again. 

1897 October 24. 

- 18 mts after 5 P.M. - one quick hard shock1897 November. 

several very slight shakes. 

1897 December-18. 

20 minutes after 6. P.M. - one long shake 

continued trembling from the mountain to the 

shore1897 December 19. 

- 20 mts of six A.M. - one shake not so long 

as last night. but from the same quarter. 

1897 December. 

the latter part were several slight shakes in 

Hilo, and more felt at Olaa. at the Volcano 

heavy smoke but no fire. 

1898 Jan. 

Several very slight shocks felt 1st & 2 week 

1898 Jan. 25. 

- 7-30 P.M. a slight shock felt. 

1898 Feb. 4. 

- 3-A.M. one shock like long trembling - and 

the windows rattled -

1898 March. 

One shock felt the latt week in the month, at 

11. -o clock A.M. quite decidedly marked in 

some parts of town, not noted in other parts. 

1898 April. 

Several slight shocks noted during the month -

one ·at 11-o clock at night felt by many 

members of the household -

1898 May 1 Sab P.M. 

A very decided earthquake at a little 

before 5 - o clock P.M. direction mauka 

to makai - a decided rumbling first,-then 

two decided shocks which shook doors & 

windows perceptibly. 10.30 P.M. 

Another slight shock took place felt by 

all the household -

1898 May 17. 

Tuesday Five minutes of five P.M. a decided 

shock. a long tremble & strong up & down 

shake. Alll1t M & E both sitting on front 

verandah. 

1898 July 3. 

one shock. several other slight shocks felt 

during the month.-

1898 Aug. 5-

At 6. A.M. one shock decidedly felt - windows & doors rattled 

1898 Aug 6. 

About 6. A.M. - one slight shock. others felt 

in Kau much heavier 
1898 Aug. 30. 

At 2:30 P.M. an earth quake 

1898 Sep. 11. 

-A sharp quick shock 5.35 a.m. 

1898 Sep. 15. 

Quarter to 12 -noon an earthquake. 2 shocks 

hard, with long continued trembling. direction 

about North & South - with noise before it 

came1898 Sep. 18. 

Another shock- not so severe - at 7.25 P.M. -

1898 Dec. 4. 

- At 3.30 one shock, & three minutes after it 

another shock -

1898 Dec. 14. 

About 9. P.M. one shock felt more upstairs 

than down. 

1898 Dec. 29. 

-About 9. P.M. one shake like long tremble1898 De.c 30 

2 - a m - one shake - long trembling, but 

slight. 

1899 Jan. 4. 

10 mts after 2 A.M. one long shock from S. 

East to North West. 

waked us all up -

1899 Jan. 23. 

-About 2 a.m. one slight shock1899 March 6. 

- About 10.30. AM one shock. (north & 

south) 

1899 May. 

In Waimea an earthquake was felt in May -

but not noticed in Hilo. 

1899 June 20. 

- About 15 mit of 8. P.M. - two shocks -

North & South. 

1899 July 4. 

There was an eruption from Mauna Loa early 

in the morning of 4 of July. It broke out near 

the same place as the flow of 1880 a grand 

sight to those who were able to see it. Many 

parties have gone to the volcano to see it. on 

the sixth of July it was clear & was seen by 

many from Hilo Bridge. 

1899 July 7. 

- There were several slight shakes about 12 

o'c (midnight) & 3-a.m. slight shock 

1899 July 11. 

There was a decided shake at 20 mts of 

eleven o'clock a.m - coming on & going off 

with long trembling. on the 12 of July It was 

very clear, & hundreds of people went to the 

W aiakea bridge to see the wonderful sight of 

the mountain all lighted up with the reflection 

on the clouds. There was a pillar of cloud at 

the source that was very bright & reflection as 

if a big flow was going towards Mauna Kea -

& in some places it was so bright we almost 

thought we could see the lava. The flow continued for about three weeks, then stopped. 

There were several slight shocks of earthquake during August - no action at Kilauea 

but a great deal of smoke -

1899 October 29. 

- Ten mts after 10 P.M. - an earthquake with 

two decided shocks though not very hard 

passing off with long trembling -

1899 October 31. 

- Ten mts. after 7. a.m. one long tremble. 

windows & doors shook & the ferns in their 

places shook. - other slight shakes reported 

which we did not feel 

1899 Nov. 6. 

quite severe earthquake in Kau reported, at 1 

ac. (not felt in Hilo) 

1899 Nov. 11. 

- 20 mts after 8. P.M. 2 shocks went off with 

long trembling. 

1899 Nov. 26. 

- 3. P.M. -one shock- north & south1900 Jan.-Jun. 

In Jan. Feb. March and April there were no 

earthquakes to speak of. In May there was one 

that all noticed & several slight trembles. On 

June 7 there was one at 5 mts to 10 and June 

27 about 5-30 a m. there was a very long 

tremble, then a slight shock which went off 

with a trembling from North to South1900 July 10. 

Twenty mts of 9 P.M. one shock quite hard 

coming and going off with long S.W. to N.E. 

trembling. No earthquakes to note in Aug. or 

Sep - unless so slight they were not noticed 

1900 October 11. 

- Just after midnight a long continued gentle 

trembling in two shocks windows rattled. 

1900 Oct. 12. 

- Just before 4-A.M. an earthquake with three 

shocks, none of them very severe but enough 

to throw things down that were on the piano -

from South to North -

27 
28 

1900 Oct 25. 

1/4 of 3-P.M. 2 - shocks 

1900 Nov. 22. 

There were two earthquakes in the night. one 

slight, the other two shocks. 

1900 Nov. 25. 

Earthquake in the night 2 shocks. 

1901 Jan 14. 

- 10 in the evening one shock 

1901 Jan 16. 

- 2 A.M. (Jan. 16) Two shocks 

1901 Jan. 24. 

about 3 P.M. an earthquake with two shocks 

and long trembling first & trembling between 

and went off the same way. 

1901 Apr. 16. 

One shock at 3 A.M. 

1901 June 6. 

-One shock at about 6 P.M. 

1901 Nov-15. 

- One shock about 10 P.M. 

1902 Apr. 7. 

One slight shock at 10 P.M. 

1902 June 17. 

Slight shock at 5:15 this A.M. Fire returned 

in Kilauea abt. Aug. 25. & lasted a week & a 

half. 

1902 Sept. 25. 

slight, but long continued. 

1902 Sept. 28. 

- Sunday, 6:25 A.M. a smart short earthq. 2 

shocks1902 Oct. 16. 

Slight shock at 4:30A.M. 

1902 Oct. 25. 

Slight shock at midnight. 

1902 Nov. 11. 

Long trembling motion. 

1903 Feb. 22. 

One shock a little after five A.M. 

1903 Feb. 27. 

Two slight shocks at 9:20 P.M. 

1903 Apr. 18. 

One shock at 2 A.M. 

1904 Feb. 

a long continued trembling, 3 or 4 seconds? 

several slight shocks at different times 

1904 Mch. 19. 

-One smart shock at 9 P.M. from S.W. 

1904 June 4. 

- a long gentle shake, at 12:25 noon 

1904 June 28. 

a long shake, two shocks abt 10 P.M. 

1904 July 11. 

a slight shock about 11.40 A.M. 

1904 July 12. 

a smart shock about 10.10 A.M. 

1904 July 17. 

a 2 shock quake, the 2d quite hard -

1904 July 17. 

a slight shock in the night -

1904 July 24. 

a slight shock in the night -

1904 Oct. 14. 

- a slight shock at 3:50 A.M. 

1904 Nov. 13. 

- a shock about 8:15 P.M. shook windows in 

Haili Church 

1904 Nov. 20. 

a slight shock about 9 A.M. 

1904 Nov. 26. 

a slight shock about 5 A.M. 

1905 Ap. 21. 

quite a shake and tremble at 1 P.M. 

1905 May 3. 

- a long tremble, hard at the end, throwing 

down some things, 3:30 P.M. 

1905 May 3. 

a long tremble and a twister, at 4.15 P.M. 

1905 May 3. 

a long tremble slight, at 6.40 P.M. 

1905 May 3. 

a slight 2 shock quake at 10.15 P.M. 

1905 May 3. 

a medium smart shake at 10.50 P.M. 

1905 May 28. 

- at 9.22 one smart shock, and tremble 

1905 Aug. 17. 

- at 9:50 P.M. a slight shake 

1905 Aug 18. 

- about 2:30 A.M. a slight tremble 

1905 Oct. 19. 

- at nearly 11.25 P.M. a slight earthquake. 

North & South 

1905 Nov. 14. 

at 8:30 A.M. a slight tremble, rattling windows. 
1906 Jan. 5. 

- a slight shock & tremble at 11 P.M. 

1906 Ap. 1. 

- a slight shake at 5:20A.M. 

1906 Ap. 24. 

- a slight shake about 10 P.M. 

1906 Ap. 24. 

- a slight shake about 12 P.M. 

1906 Ap. 25. 

a smart shake at 2 A.M. 

1906 Ap. 25. 

a slight shake at 2:30 A.M. and another about 

4:30A.M. 

1906 Ap. 18th. 

heard by Telegraph of San Francisco destroyed by an Earthquake at 5: 10 A.M. this 

morning! (heard abt. 10:30 A.M.) it started 

fires which destroyed 3/4 of city in 4 days! 

[Entry out of order]. 

1906 Ap. 30. 

a slight shake abt. 10 P.M. 

1906 June 2. 

- a slight sharp jerk of quake at 9:35 Valpariso destroyed by Earthquake -

1906 Aug. 19. 

- at 9 P.M. a somewhat smart shock, over 

Hawaii. 

1906 Sep. 3. 

- at 3:15 A.M. a smart shake, 2 shocks, S.E. 

&N.W. 

1906 Sep. 25. 

- about 5 A.M. a slight tremble 

1906 Sep. 29. 

- at 6 A.M. a slight shake 

1906 Aug. 25. 

- returning home from Hale Ohu, we noticed 

bad smell along the beach -

1906 Aug. 28th. 

Natives at Waiakea reported many dead fish, 

and saw boiling water outside of Mokuola 

Sunday 

1906 Aug. 26th. 

morning - many more dead fish & squid all 

the week. 

1907 Jan. 7. 

- a slight shock + tremor about 2 A.M. 

1907 Jan. 10. 

- a slight long tremble at 1 :30 P.M. 

1907 Jan. 10. 

- a smart shock at 9 P.M. 

1907 Jan. 10. 

- a bright light seen on Southend of Mauna 

Loa, 2 A.M. 

1907 Jan. 11. 

a slight tremor about 5 A.M. 

1907 Jan. 11. 

a slight tremor during the day 

1907 Mch. 2. 

- 2 shocks+ tremble, about 5:45P.M. 

1907 June 11. 

-a 2 shock mild shake at 3:40A.M. 

1907 June 11. 

- a 1 shock mild shake at 4 A.M. 

1907 July 5. 

- a long continued shake near 12· P.M. last 

night. 

1907 July 25. 

- a slight shake at 8:20 A.M. 

1907 July 27. 

- a slight shake sometime last night. 

1907 Sept. 5. 

- a smart 2 shock earthquake, lasting several 

seconds, at 8 minutes before 7 P.M. 

1907 Sep. 5. 

- at 17 minutes before 8 P.M. a slight shock 

1907 Sep. 6. 

- at about 12:30 A.M. a slight shock 

1907 Sep. 16. 

- at 8:45 P.M. a slight shake 

1908 Ap. 5. 

- at 6:45 A.M. a moderate shake Kilauea 

continues active - pit filling up slowly. 

1908 Sept. 20. 

- at 8:07P.M. a 3 shock Earthquake -stopped 

clocks - threw down some vases, crockery, 

and pictures - followed by slight one, a 

minute later, and another a few minutes latersome damage reported in stores, crockery xc: 

and in Cannery warehouse - several slight 

tremors during night - Kilauea active. 

1908 Sept. 22. 

from about 11.30 to 3:30 last night - a dozen 

or more tremors. 3 of them hard enough to 

rattle windows a little. 

1908 Sept. 22. 

- at 11:20 A.M. slight shake -

29 
30 

1908 Sept. 22. 

at 7.15 P.M. a slight shake The shock of 8:07 

of the 20th, was severe all around the Island 

of Hawaii - and felt slightly in Honolulu. 

1908 Sept. 25th. 

at 5:30A.M. a slight 2 shock shake 

1908 Sept. 25th. 

between 1 and 2 P.M. a slight shake 

1908 Sept. 26. 

- at 8.05 P.M. quite a smart shake 

1908 Sept. 26. 

- at 8:30, and 8:55, slight tremors 

1908 Sept. 25. 

- Some Fishermen found a dead Whale off 

Puna coast and towed it to Hilo, yesterday or 

last night. 

1908 Sept. 30. 

- at 5:20 A.M. a slight shock and a 2d harder 

shock. Kilauea still very active. (The Whale 

found appeared to be a month dead.) J aps cut 

it up and tried out Sperm Oil, beyond Keaukaha. 

1908 Oct. 20. 

- At 10 A.M. a moderate shake, and one at 

9:20A.M. 

1908 Oct. 29. 

-At about 1:30 A.M. a slight shock 

1908 Nov. 25. 

-At 9:35A.M. a moderately smart shock 

1908 Dec. 6. 

- At 7:50 A.M. a long tremble with 2 or 3 

slight shocks. 

1908 Dec. 14. 

-At 4:35P.M. a slight 2 shock quake 

1909 Jan. 4. 

-At about 12:35 noon, a slight shake 

1909 March 12. 

- at 3:30 A.M. a smart earthquake, being a 

tremble, then a smart shock, then a harder 

shock, ending with a long tremble - shook 

water out of vases, but no damage done. 

1909 March 14th. 

- at 2:15P.M. a slight shock. 

1909 June 30. 

-A smart single shock about 3: P.M. 

1909 July 20. 

- a slight shock in night last night 

1909 July 21. 

-a slight shock at 4:30A.M. 

1909 Oct. 8. 

- a smart shock preceeded by a tremble, near 

lOP.M. 

1909 Oct. 9. 

- a slight shock in the night. 

1909 Dec. 23. 

- a slight tremble, near 10 P.M. 

1909 Dec. 24. 

-a decided shock at 7:47A.M. 

1910 Feb. 13. 

- about 1 :30 last night a sharp short shock N 

+ S. windows rattle 

1910 Feb. 21. 

- at 6:30A.M. a moderate 2 shock jar, rattling 

windows, N. + S. 

1910 Ap. 19. 

- at 3:45 A.M. a smart 2 shock shake, North+ 

South, 

1910 Ap. 26. 

- 9.40 P.M. a moderate 2 shock shake, North 

+South 

1910 Oct. 11. 

- 11.35 A.M. 1 moderate shock - E. + W. 

1910 Oct. 14. 

at 5 A.M. a slight shock and 2 or 3 during the 

day 

1910 Oct. 21. 

at 1:50 P.M. quite a shock, swaying motion E. 

+W. 

1910 Nov. 6. 

at about 3:30P.M. a slight shock 

1911 Feb. 6. 

-at 8.56 P.M. a moderate shake. 

1911 Feb. 9. 

- at 10.40 A.M. a moderate shake long continued 

1911 May 2d. 

- week - several slight tremors 

1911 May 16. 

about 3:20A.M. a slight shake, North+ South 

1911 June. 

a slight shake 

1911 July 1. 

-at 3.25 P.M. a smart shock 

1911 July 14. 

- at 11.30 long continued slight tremble, and 

at 11.40 A.M. several moderate shocks, consecutive -
1912 Ap. 10. 

- at 10 A.M. a slight shake, rattling things 

some 

1912 Ap. 17. 

- at 5: 10 P.M. a shake that rattled windows + 

iron roof. 

1912 May 15. 

at quite a shake [no time given]. 

1912 Jillle 5. 

at 11.30 P.M. two shocks 

1912 Sep. 2. 

- a slight shake awakened us in the night last 

night 

1912 Oct. 13. 

- about 5:30 A.M. a long continued shake, not 

hard. 

1913 May 18. 

- about 7.40 P.M. 2 slight tremors followed by 

2 short sharp shocks 

1913 May 19. 

about 6 A.M. 1 slight tremor 

1913 Sept. 8. 

about 11:40 A.M. a long slight tremble, then a 

short sharp shake 

1913 Sept. 20. 

about 8: 15 A.M. a long slight tremble, rattled 

the windows. 

1913 Oct. 25. 

- about 12:53 A.M. a long smart shaking 

North+ South East. 

1913 Oct. 28. 

about 8:44 A.M. a slight tremble N. + S.E. 

1914 Mch. 1. 

About 6 A.M. a slight shock 

1914 Mch 1. 

About 9 A.M. a slight tremble 

1914 Mch 4. 

About 2:45 P.M. a slight tremble N.E. + S.W. 

1914 Apr 15. 

About 2 A.M. a slight shock, like a bump 

from the moillltain N & S. A slight tremor 

the day before. (time ?) 

1914 Apr 29. 

2:50 P.M. a long shake. E & W. Then N & 

S. 

1914 June. 

quite a smart 4 shock earthquake. 

1914 JlUle 20. 

at 1:48 P.M. a moderate 2 shock shake from 

Maillla Loa 

1914 July 20. 

at 4: 15 A.M. a sharp shock. 

1914 Sept 27. 

at 10:15 A M. 2 slight shocks & long tremble 

at the end. 

1915 Jan 13. 

7:45 P.M. Slight shock, long duration Both 

craters Kilauea & Mokuaweoweo active. 

1915 July 10. 

At 2:30 in morning slight shake 

1915 Oct. 25. 

At about 11 last night shock 

1917 Sept 15. 

At 3:45 in the morning 2 shocks the first 

north & s. (Sharp the 2d slight) 

1916. June 12. 

6:45 2 shocks 

The numbers of times I have been to Kau 

sleeping at the volcanoe going & returning. 

The first time with Mr Rains & daughters, 

after his wife's death. The second time to visit 

the Kinneys. The 3 time to visit the Shipman 

at Ollie's birth. The 4th time to visit Fred 

Rufus. The 5th time to visit Fred & Bella 

when Ellen was an infant. The 6th time 

before the twins were a year old. The 7th 

time when twins were about 2 years old. went 

with Carrie Aistin & Dr Gulick. The 8th time 

went with Miss Bixby &_dear Ellen. At two 

different times I extinded my visit to 

Waiohinu making five visits to Waiohinu & 

five to Fred. 

The number of times I have been to the velcanoe. First with Messrs. Ruggles & Goodrich. in the summer of 1832. In 1843 went 

up with Mr L & scholars of the boarding 

school The 3 time with Mr. & Mrs. Bingham 

The 4th time with Mr & Mrs. Marshal & Mrs 

Gates. 5th time with Mrs. S. Guster (?). The 

5th time with Mattie C. 6. Ellen Armstrong. 

Lizzie Lyons. my Ellen & Wm Gulick. 

31 

APPENDIX A 
34 

Appendix A. Earthquakes not listed by Mrs. S.J. Lyman but reported 

by Wilkes (1850) who gave Mr. D.B. Lyman as his source. 

1839 Dec. 4 

A slight shock, but decided and distinct 

1839 Dec. 9 

A slight shock 

1839 Dec. 10 

A slight shock at 4 a.m. 

1839 Dec. 12 

A slight shock 

1839 Feb. 18 

A slight shock 

1839 Mar. 18 

Severe, felt at Maui 

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