JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 SEPTEMBER 1991

Foreign

Broadcast

Information

Service '

ANNIVERSARY

1941 - 1991

JPRS $1$

East Asia

Korea: KULLOJA

No 4, April 1991

DTIC QUALITY INSPECTED 3

REPRODUCED BY

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

NATIONAL TECHNICAL

INFORMATION SERVICE

'RINGFIELD.VA 22161

3ÜTION STATEMENT A

: Approved fear ^JmbBc release;
East Asia

Korea: KULLOJA

No 4, April 1991

JPRS-AKU-91-011 CONTENTS // September 1991

[This report is a translation ofthe table of contents and selected articles from the monthly theoretical journal ofthe

Central Committee ofthe Korean Workers Party, published in Pyongyang. Notations in the table of contents indicate

articles previously published or not translated.]

Editorial Bureau

The Respected and Beloved Comrade Kim Il-song Is the Great Leader Who Has Created the

Unique Socialism of Our Own Style [Not translated] 1

Political and Ideological

The Great Leadership Which Has Organized the Powerful Main Force of Our Revolution

[Choe Tae-pok; not translated]

The Immortal Achievement Which Has Created the Theory on the Construction of the

Chuche-Oriented Party [Kang Sok-sung; not translated]

The Outstanding Leadership Which Has Embodied the Socialist Principle and Method in the

Economic Construction [Kim Pok-sin; not translated]

The Proclamation of the Grand Principle on the Method of the Fatherland's Reunification Was an

Event Which Must Be Particularly Noted in the History of the Reunification Movement

[Yun Ki-pok; not translated]

The Great Party, Great People, and Man-Centered Socialism Are the Bedrock of the Solidness of

Our Country's Socialism [Kang Hyon-su; not translated]

The Chuche Idea Is the Great Theory of Revolution Which Serves the People's Cause of the

Revolution [Chong Song-chol; not translated]

The Fundamental and Decisive Roles of the Ideological and Spiritual Life in the Social Life

[Pak Chong-hak; not translated]

The High Spirit of Responsibility and Creativity Is the Revolutionary Spirit of Work Which the

Functionaries Should Possess [Pak Kyu-hong; not translated]

Party Construction

The Democratic Centralization Is an Important Principle for the Construction of the

Revolutionary Party of the Working Class [Ko Kap-chong] 1

The Leadership of the Party of the Working Class Is an Intrinsic Demand of the Socialist Society

[Yi Chu-song; not translated] 5

Economic Construction

Highly Displaying the Spirit of the Pukchong Conference Is a Sure Guarantee for the Orchard

Development [Won Hoe-tuk; not translated] 5

The Development of Foreign Trade Is an Urgent Demand for the Economic Construction

[HanSu-kil] 5

The Enterprise System Is a Superior Industrial Management System Befitting to the Nature of the

Socialist Planning Economy and the Demand of the Extensive Industrial Development

[Pak Yong-kun; not translated] 8

Cultural Construction

Our Chuche-Oriented Literature and Art Which Move Forward Along With the Era

[Kang Nung-su; not translated] 8

Experiential

The Experience in the Work of the District Party Committee Gained in Blending the Party Work

and the Revolutionary Task [An Pil-hum; not translated] 8
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991 2 Korea: KULLOJA

Question of Fatherland's Reunification

The Grand Unity of the Entire Nation Is a Firm Guarantee for the Reunification of the

Fatherland [Yu Ho-chun; not translated] g

International

Imperialists Are the Fiendish Enemy of the World Peace and Security

[An Myong-hyok; not translated] g
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

Editorial Bureau

The Respected and Beloved Comrade Kim Il-song

Is the Great Leader Who Has Created the Unique

Socialism of Our Own Style

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 3-8

[Article not translated]

Political and Ideological

The Great Leadership Which Has Organized the

Powerful Main Force of Our Revolution

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 9-14

[Article by Choe Tae-pok; not translated]

The Immortal Achievement Which Has Created

the Theory on the Construction of the

Chuche-Oriented Party

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 15-19

[Article by Kang Sok-sung; not translated]

The Outstanding Leadership Which Has

Embodied the Socialist Principle and Method in

the Economic Construction

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 20-25

[Article by Kim Pok-sin; not translated]

The Proclamation of the Grand Principle on the

Method of the Fatherland's Reunification Was an

Event Which Must Be Particularly Noted in the

History of the Reunification Movement

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 26-30

[Article by Yun Ki-pok; not translated]

The Great Party, Great People, and

Man-Centered Socialism Are the Bedrock of the

Solidness of Our Country's Socialism

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 31-36

[Article by Kang Hyon-su; not translated]

The Chuche Idea Is the Great Theory of

Revolution Which Serves the People's Cause of

the Revolution

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 37-42

[Article by Chong Song-chol; not translated]

The Fundamental and Decisive Roles of the

Ideological and Spiritual Life in the Social Life

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 43-47

[Article by Pak Chong-hak; not translated]

The High Spirit of Responsibility and Creativity

Is the Revolutionary Spirit of Work Which the

Functionaries Should Possess

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 48-52

[Article by Pak Kyu-hong; not translated]

Party Construction

The Democratic Centralization Is an Important

Principle for the Construction of the Revolutionary

Party of the Working Class

912D0008A Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 53-57

[Article by Ko Kap-chong]

[Text] Our party has since the day ofits founding waged

vigorous struggles to thoroughly embody democratic

centralism in its party building and activity, enhancing

the party's combat strength ceaselessly. Today, even

under the grave circumstances in which the Imperialists'

and reactionaries' antisocialist maneuvers have gone to

extremities, our party is dynamically demonstrating its

might as the staff headquarters ofthe Korean revolution

and as the organizer and helmsman of all the victories of

our people and is forging ahead accelerating the chuche

revolutionary cause. This is closely related to the fact

that the principle of democratic centralism is firmly

adhered to in our party.

Historically, the issue of democratic centralism has been

discussed a great deal since the time the communist

movement was first launched and the first working-class

party came into being. It has something to do with the

fact that democratic centralism is an important principle

that should definitely be adhered to in the founding and

consolidating of a revolutionary working-class party.

This issue, discussed over a long period of history, was

resolved brilliantly by the great leader and the dear

Comrade Kim Chong-il. The great leader and the dear

Comrade Kim Chong-il, using the immortal chuche

ideology as the guiding principle, elucidated democratic

centralism fully and flawlessly.

Democratic centralism means for the party to establish

its lines and policies by putting together the will of the

broad masses of party members, elect the party leadership, and for the leadership thus elected to lead in a

unitary manner the struggle to implement the established lines and policies. The democratic centralism of

the party demands the obedience ofthe party member to
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

the party organization, the minority to the majority, the

lower party organization to the upper party organization,

and all the party members and organizations to the party

center. This is an important demand. Democratic centralism also demands democratic elections of all the

party organizations, from the base-level up to the party

center, and freedom for all the party members to fully

present their opinions about party activities.

Democracy and centralism are closely related to each

other in the party. In the working-class party, centralism

apart from democracy is unthinkable; likewise, there can

be no democracy away from centralism. A democracy

running counter to the party ideology and leadership, a

pure democracy away from the unitary leadership ofthe

center, cannot be anything but bourgeois democracy and

liberalism. On the other hand, a centralism apart from

democracy, a centralism not based on the high consciousness of the masses and their creativity and initiative, inevitably leads to bureaucratism and subjectivism

in the party building and party activity. Therefore, ifthe

working-class party should draw a line between centralism and democracy and uphold only one of them, it

would run into confusion in the party building and party

activities, eventually finding itself unable to maintain its

existence.

If the principle of democratic centralism is to be

embodied thoroughly, the way of combining democracy

and centralism is required to be defined correctly. The

earlier theories, however, failed to fully address this

critical question. Taking advantage of this vacuum,

opportunists wrought grave havoc upon the party

building and party activities.

As elucidated by the chuche theory ofparty building, the

party centralism is for realizing the leader's unitary

leadership, while the intraparty democracy is for

enhancing the creativity and initiative of the masses of

party members based on the leader's ideology and the

party's lines and policies. Therefore, centralism and

democracy should definitely be combined together in a

way that gives priority to centralism and, under that

condition, guarantees democracy. Only by combining

centralism and democracy in this manner will it be

possible to build a party with invincible combat strength,

a party capable of fulfilling its lofty mission and duty

satisfactorily.

Democratic centralism is one of the most important

principles that should be firmly adhered to in the whole

course ofthe working class' revolutionary party building.

This is related, above all, to the fact that democratic

centralism enables the party into a revolutionary one

guaranteed with unitariness of ideology and leadership.

Comrade Kim Chong-il, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the WPK [Workers

Party of Korea] Central Committee and secretary ofthe

party Central Committee, pointed out:

"Democratic centralism as the organizational principle

of the party is for ensuring unitariness of ideology and

leadership in the party building and party activity."1

To ensure the unitariness of ideology and leadership in

the party is the inherent demand of the revolutionary

working-class party. To ensure the unitariness of ideology and leadership means to accepting the leader's

revolutionary ideology as the unitary guiding ideology

and having the whole party move as one under the

leader's unitary leadership. The working-class party is

precisely the political weapon for realizing the leader's

ideology and leadership. The fundamental purpose of

building the working-class party is to attain the revolutionary cause charted by the leader through realizing his

ideology and leadership. Therefore, for the working-class

party, no task can be more important than the one of

ensuring the unitariness of ideology and leadership. If

the working-class party is to be built in accordance with

its inherent demand, the whole party should definitely be

turned into one color, the color of the leader's ideology,

and the leader's unitary leadership should be thoroughly

established in the party.

What is of important significance is that the task of

ensuring unitariness for the leader's ideology and leadership in the party is accomplished through the process

of thoroughly embodying democratic centralism. In

debates on the principle of democratic centralism in the

past, however, no one had brought up this point.

As the dear Comrade Kim Chong-il made it clear,

democratic centralism is the principle of party building,

its fundamental mission being to ensure the unitariness

of ideology and leadership in the party building and

party activity. The basic demand of centralism is to

make the whole party think in one mind and will with

the leader's ideology—the synthesis of the will of the

broad masses of party members—as the unitary principle and move as one under the leader's unitary leadership, while intraparty democracy is for enhancing highly

their creativity and initiative on the basis ofthe ideology

of the leader and the lines and policies of the party.

When the principle of democratic centralism is thoroughly embodied in the party building and party

activity, the will ofthe masses ofparty members, the will

ofthe masses of people, is channeled to and summed by

the leader and put out as the most correct line and policy

and all the party members will come to uphold the

leader's ideology and its embodiment, namely, the party

line and policy as their unitary faith, bringing the whole

party to be dyed in one color ideologically, the color of

the leader's ideology. Also, democratic centralism makes

all the party members act solely in accordance with the

leader's ideology and will and highly display their positiveness, creativity and initiative in the struggle to implement the leader's idea, enabling the party to thoroughly

ensure the unitary leadership ofthe leader. This precisely

means that democratic centralism serves to dye the

whole party in one color, the color of the leader's

ideology and firmly establishes the leader's unitary leadership in the party building and party activity and, by
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

doing so, makes it possible to build the working-class

party into a revolutionary party guaranteed with the

unitary ideology and leadership. Herein lies one of the

main reasons why democratic centralism is an important

principle of the working class' revolutionary party

building.

That democratic centralism is an important principle of

the working class' revolutionary party building is also for

the reason that it makes it possible to build a militant

party with strong organizational spirit and disciplinary

character, enhance the party's strength extraordinarily

and accomplish the revolutionary task facing the party.

The working-class party is the organizer that leads the

relentless struggle against the imperialists and all types of

reactionaries unerringly. It is the staff headquarters of

the revolution that leads the revolutionary struggle and

construction to victory through multilayered barriers

and ordeals. Therefore, the working-class party absolutely is not allowed to be an amorphous group or a

debate club. It must without fail be a militant unit with

strong organizational spirit and disciplinary character. If

the party center says one thing, all the party members

must say the same thing. If the party center says "Go,"

all the masses ofparty members must go. When there are

ten things thatthey want to do but ifthe party tells them

to do only one thing, they must unconditionally do only

thatthing. Without such strong organizational spirit and

disciplinary character, it is impossible for the workingclass party to give full play to its might as the political

staff headquarters and the leading force of the revolution. One ofthe major characteristics distinguishing the

working-class' revolutionary party from opportunist parties of all kinds lies in the fact that the whole party forms

one organized, monolithic body and militant organization that moves as one by unitary discipline.

Democratic centralism makes it possible to strengthen

organizational spirit and disciplinary character in every

way which is so important to the working-class party.

Democratic centralism establishes monolithic system

and revolutionary discipline by which all the party

members and party organizations accept unconditionally and carry through thoroughly the lines and policies

ofthe party, obey the party Central Committee and, by

doing so, makes it possible for the whole party to firmly

unite organizationally and move as one. Only when the

principle of democratic centralism is correctly embodied

in the party building and party activity will it be possible

to have all the party organizations and members move as

one by the order and discipline established in the party

and to achieve the perfect and unconditional unity in

action ofthe whole party in the struggles to carry through

party lines and policies.

The organizational spirit and disciplinary character

based on democratic centralism is strong and mighty

because it relies on the high voluntariness and consciousness of the broad masses of party members. The party

spirit and disciplinary character ofthe party is premised

on the high voluntariness and consciousness of the

masses of party members, with its strength directly

displayed in the revolutionary struggle and construction

work to carry through party lines and policies.

The party is a political organization made up by the

masses of party members; the party leadership in the

revolution and construction is realized by the activity of

party organizations and members. How strong the

party's organizational spirit and disciplinary character is

and how powerful its leadership is largely depend on how

all the party members participate in the struggle to carry

through the party policy.

When all the party members launch into struggles to

carry through party lines and policies voluntarily and

positively, the party's organizational spirit and disciplinary character and its combat strength will naturally

grow stronger; on the other hand, if such work habit

should spread among party members as doing only what

they are ordered to do and doing it only for the sake of

obligation, the party can neither have strong organizational spirit and disciplinary character nor fulfill its role

satisfactorily. If the working-class party is to strengthen

its combat might and its leadership role and fulfill its

mission and duty, it must first of all rely on the masses of

party members and have them display their voluntariness and positiveness to the fullest.

Democratic centralism brings party members to highly

display their voluntariness and positiveness, strengthening the party's organizational spirit and disciplinary

character and enhancing its combat strength.

Intraparty democracy makes it its primary demand to

get the masses of party members to give full play to their

voluntariness, creativity, and initiative on the basis the

leader's ideology and the party's lines and policies.

Hence it is self-evident that when democracy is fully

guaranteed in the party, the masses of party members

come to display their voluntariness, creativity and initiative to the full. However, if a democracy apart from

centralism should be tolerated within the party, it would

be impossible to get party members to fully display their

voluntariness, creativity and initiative.

The voluntariness and positiveness of party members

can be brought into full play only when democracy is

guaranteed under the condition that priority is placed on

centralist leadership. Generally, when the work lying

before people meets their aspirations, demands and

interests, they would feel a strong desire to do it and

when they do it, they strongly display voluntariness and

positiveness. The same thing can be said about the

voluntariness and positiveness of party members. When

the line and policy of the party fits their aspirations,

demands and interests, the masses of party members

fully display their voluntariness and positiveness with it

on their own. Such aspirations and demands of the

masses of party members are channeled and embodied

into party lines and policies; consequently, all the party

members take the leader's ideology and party policies as

the unitary guiding principle of their thinking and
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

action. Therefore, apart from centralism it is impossible

to think about any strong organizational spirit and

disciplinary character of the party based on voluntariness and positiveness on the part of party members.

The voluntariness and positiveness of the masses of

party members is also brought into full play in an

organized, collective struggle. Centralism ensures that

party decisions are carried through by the organized,

collective struggle of party organizations and members

with whom the leader's unitary leadership is guaranteed.

It thus brings the voluntariness and positiveness of the

masses ofparty members into full play. When centralism

is not guaranteed in the party building and activity, we

cannot have a complete and unconditional unity of

action of the whole party in carrying through party

policies. Nor can we wage an organized struggle based on

the high voluntariness and positiveness of party members. This shows that party centralism by no means

restrains intraparty democracy or hinders party members' voluntary and positive activities. On the contrary,

it shows that strengthening the centralist leadership of

the party serves as a guarantee for intraparty democracy

and its maximum play.

When democratic centralism is carried through and all

the party members fully display their voluntariness,

creativity and initiative to attain the revolutionary mission assigned by the party, the organizational spirit and

disciplinary character of the party and its combat

strength and leadership role will grow stronger in every

way and the party will come to fulfill its revolutionary

mission successfully whatever the adversity.

Democratic centralism thus serves as an important principle guiding the party building and activity because it

enables us to strengthen and develop the working-class

party into an invincible party assured of unitariness of

ideology and leadership and with strong organizational

spirit and disciplinary character.

Under the sagacious leadership ofthe great leader Comrade Kim Il-song and the dear Comrade Kim Chong-il,

the principle of democratic centralism has been thoroughly embodied in the building of our party, with

brilliant results. The route of struggle trodden by our

party has been the course of the chuche-based ideology

and theory of the great leader and the dear Comrade

Kim Chong-il concerning democratic centralism being

embodied, and a proud path demonstrating its brilliant

victory.

In thoroughly embodying the principle of democratic

centralism in the party building and activity, our party

gave top priority to waging vigorous struggles to dye the

whole party in one color, the color of the revolutionary

ideology of the great leader, the immortal chuche ideology, and to realize the great leader's unitary leadership

in the party building and activity. Our party saw to it

that all the party members firmly arm themselves with

the chuche ideology, build it into their faith, and think

and act solely in accordance with it, and that the whole

party thus solidly built up with one ideology—the great

leader's ideology and intent—and nothing else. At the

same time, it waged energetic struggles to establish a

strong system and order under which the will of the

masses of party members is channeled to the party

Central Committee and any major, fundamental matters

occurring in the party building and activities are acted

on after a decision ofthe party center has been obtained.

Our party saw to it that its organizations accept the great

leader's ideology and intent and party decisions unconditionally, put them to collective debates in a timely

manner and carry them through thoroughly with correct

implementation measures and concrete plans. By doing

so, it ensured that the whole party moves as one under

the great leader's unitary leadership.

The antifactionalist struggle waged by our party in the

past was an important part of its effort to thoroughly

establish the unity and solidarity in ideology, intent, and

deed throughout the party on the basis of the chuche

ideology and thus to ensure unitariness of ideology and

leadership in the party. There was a time when the

peculiar developments in the communist movement in

Our country allowed factionalists—who were seriously

affected by flunkeyism and dogmatism—and other antiparty elements to remain in hiding in our party. They

raised their heads and engaged in antiparty, counterrevolutionary maneuvers whenever the party faced difficulties. Our party waged the struggle to clean up the

historically-inherited filth of factionalism and antiparty

revisionist elements and to firmly establish the party

unity and solidarity, vigorously and in close combination with the struggle to accelerate the socialist construction. By doing so, it thoroughly guaranteed the unitariness ofideology and leadership in the party and brought

into full play the revolutionary enthusiasm and creative

positiveness of party members and the working people,

achieving leaping progress and innovation in the revolution and construction.

To thoroughly embody the principle democratic centralism, our party also put great emphasis on strengthening the party life and improving the method and style

ofparty work. It waged vigorous struggles to enhance the

sense of party organization among members and establish the revolutionary party-life spirit, ensuring that all

the party members devote themselves to struggles in the

interest of the party organization with a correct stand

and attitude toward the organization. It thus strengthened and developed the whole party into an invincible

one that operates by its unitary party-life standards. Our

party, through the entire course of" its party building,

waged steadfast struggles to straighten out the method

and style of party work and established, fully and

throughout the party, the revolutionary work method

and popular work style based on the revolutionary mass

line. By doing so, it gave democracy full play in the party,

strengthening and developing its ranks into a mighty

revolutionary vanguard unit based on the voluntariness

and positiveness ofthe masses ofparty members. One of

the important keys to our party having been able to
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

strengthen and develop itselfinto such a mighty party as

the tested, invincible headquarters ofthe revolution lies

in the fact that it thoroughly embodied the principle of

democratic centralism in the party building and activity.

All the party organizations and members must firmly

adhere to and thoroughly embody the principle of democratic centralism in the party building and activity.

We must first of all establish strong discipline in the

party for the whole party to work as one and build up the

revolutionary spirit by which to report and deal with in

a timely manner any important and fundamental matters in the party building and activities. Also, we must

firmly establish the revolutionary ethos among party

members by which they unconditionally accept and

thoroughly implement party decisions, and by doing so,

ensure that they become the spearhead and shock brigade in the struggle to accomplish the massive revolutionary tasks facing the party.

It is one ofthe important tasks in thoroughly embodying

the principle of democratic centralism that we give full

play to democracy in every aspect of party life. We must

positively encourage all the party members to present

their spontaneous views at party meetings and fully

exercise their rights, ensuring that party committees of

all levels thoroughly adhere to the principle of collective

leadership and tolerate no individual subjectivism or

arbitrariness.

Democratic centralism is an important principle we

must continue to adhere to in our future party building

and activity.

All the party organizations and members will continue to

strengthen and develop our party into an invincible,

ever-victorious party by thoroughly embodying the principle of democratic centralism in the party building and

activity and, by doing so, accelerate the chuche revolutionary cause vigorously.

Footnote

1. See "The WPK Is the Organizer and Helmsman ofAll

the Victories of Our People," monograph, p 19.

The Leadership of the Party of the Working Class

Is an Intrinsic Demand of the Socialist Society

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 58-62

[Article by Yi Chu-song; not translated]

Economic Construction

Highly Displaying the Spirit of the Pukchong

Conference Is a Sure Guarantee for the Orchard

Development

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 63-67

[Article by Won Hoe-tuk; not translated]

The Development of Foreign Trade Is an Urgent

Demand for the Economic Construction

912D0008B Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 68-71

[Article by Han Su-kil]

[Text] Today all our party members and working people

throughout the country are, under the sagacious leadership of the party and the leader, waging vigorous struggles to regularize production at high levels and further

improve the material and cultural living standards ofthe

people by giving firm priority to the preceding sectors of

the people's economy and putting to effective use the

economic foundations we have laid.

An important thing in positively accelerating the

socialist economic construction in every sector of the

people's economy as intended by the party, and in

thereby performing miracles and innovations in production and construction uninterruptedly, is to further

develop our foreign trade.

The great\leader Comrade Kim Il-song taught:

"One of the important tasks facing us in the nation's

economic developments is to develop foreign trade rapidly.

"With the people's economy having grown incomparably

large in scale and its sectors heavily diversified, the

realities in our country are demanding further expansion

and development of its foreign trade."1

Foreign trade here means commodity exchange carried

out between countries. Each country develops its

economy through foreign trade, selling commodities it

has and buying raw materials, fuel and various other

goods that are nonexistent or in short supply in that

country.

Foreign trade—which dates back to the time when

commodities began to be produced and first states were

born and which came through a long history—essentially

means external economic relations based on the commodity-currency relationship.

Under the condition that every country has its national

borders and produces commodities, countries building

socialism are also required to develop their foreign trade,

and only by doing so can they strengthen their economic

foundations and solve more effectively the task of

improving the living conditions oftheir peoples. This is

closely related to the fact that all the countries have

different natural and economic conditions and vary in

their levels of development in terms of productive

forces, science and technology at a given time, and that

certain disparities emerge between them in terms of

variety and quantity of goods produced and economic

structure. For such differences, each country is required

to solve the problem by acquiring through foreign trade

what is nonexistent or in short supply while basically

producing on its own whatever is needed in economic
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

construction. The faster it develops its foreign trade, the

more successful it can be in accomplishing various tasks

such as accelerating production and construction,

strengthening the country's economic strength, and

improving the living standards of its people.

Today, thanks to the vigorous progress in the socialist

construction under the sagacious leadership of the

leader, our national economy has grown incomparably in

scale and the productive forces have reached high levels

of development. Under these circumstances, to develop

our foreign trade has become an urgent task.

In the present period, to develop our foreign trade stands

out as a pressing demand that needs to be met to, first of

all, regularize production at high levels in various sectors

and units of the people's economy.

To regularize production at high levels is of important

significance in bringing the might of the self-dependent

national economy into full play and thereby accelerating

the socialist economic construction.

In the past period, our people highly displayed the

revolutionary spirit of self-reliance and fortitude and

built large numbers of modern heavy- and light-industry

factories and local industry plants, laying firm foundations of a self-dependent national economy. In recent

years in particular, our people, while pushing forward

energetically major construction projects having critical

significance in strengthening the chuche quality of the

people's economy and achieving the main targets of the

Third Seven-Year Plan, have waged vigorous struggles to

modernize and scientize the people's economy. As a

result, the nation's economic foundations became

extraordinarily firm and their productive potential grew

incomparably large. In these conditions, it is possible

even with the existing factories and enterprises alone to

sharply increase production and rapidly improve the

living standards ofthe people should they be operated at

full capacity.

The important task in the present period in regularizing

production at high levels through effective use of the

existing economic foundations is to ensure raw materials, fuel and other supplies satisfactorily. As modern

factories and enterprises are built in large numbers and

as the existing ones are further modernized, the demands

from the people's economy for raw materials, fuel and

other supplies are on increase daily in terms of variety as

well as quantity. Ifthose demands from various sectors

ofthe people's economy are to be met satisfactorily, it is

importantto expand and develop foreign trade as well as

to strengthen the production bases for such materials

and supplies and increase the output.

Only when the problems ofraw materials, fuel, and other

materials that are not produced or in short supply in our

country are resolved in a timely manner through foreign

trade will it be possible to regularize production at high

levels through operations of all the factories and enterprises at full capacity, and to bring the economic foundations we have laid to prove their worth.

In the present period, developing foreign trade is also an

urgent demand in further upgrading the production and

technology bases of the people's economy and thereby

accelerating the nation's economic construction.

To strengthen the production and technology bases of

the people's economy is one of the important tasks in

generating uninterrupted upsurges in production and

construction in accordance with the demands of the

developing realities. Only by improving the technical

provisions ofthe people's economy with no letup can we

push up the labor productivity and the product quality

radically, lower the costs, and free the working people

from difficult, backbreaking labor.

Technical provisions of the people's economy improve

ceaselessly as science and technology develops. In order

to modernize and scientize the people's economy on the

basis of modern science and technology, it is important

to conduct foreign trade well as well as to bring up

science and technology to the advanced world levels and

rapidly develop the machine tool, electronics, and automation industries.

Foreign trade positively contributes to importing results

of modern science and technology widely, and to introducing up-to-date plant machinery to production. Ifwe,

through foreign trade, import up-to-date plant

machinery produced by modern science and technology

in a way that suits our specific conditions and in a timely

manner, we can renovate obsolete technical provisions

and accelerate modernization of production processes

positively.

Especially, to develop foreign trade has become a

pressing demand in the present period in actively

responding to rapid changes in the situations and accelerating the socialist construction vigorously.

Imperialists led by the U.S. imperialists today are intensifying political and economic pressures against nations

that are holding on to their path of self-reliance in a

knavish attempt to push them back to the road of

capitalism. In order to bring the might of our selfdependent national economy into full play and generate

uninterrupted upsurges in the socialist economic construction while shattering the imperialists' antisocialist

maneuvers and their economic interferences and

blockade maneuvers, it is important to develop our

foreign trade.

Especially, at a time when changes in the international

political situation are also significantly affecting foreign

trade relations, we must develop our foreign trade

accordingly, in an active and aggressive manner, and

only by doing so can we expand our foreign market

shares and achieve successes in foreign trade work. The

more we develop our foreign trade in a way suitable to

the changing situations, the more effective can we be in

giving full play to the socialist system of our own,

enhancing the international prestige of our country, and

in further promoting friendship and cooperation with

various countries of the world.
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

The great leader Comrade Kim Il-song and the dear

Comrade Kim Chong-il made a scientific analysis early

on of the position and role of foreign trade in socialist

economic construction and, on that basis, clearly enunciated the specific direction and methods of development for our foreign trade.

We must thoroughly carry through the chuche-based

foreign trade policy of the party and further strengthen

our economic relations with the many countries in the

five continents of the world, expanding and developing

trade with them with no letup.

Important in developing foreign trade in the present

period is, first of all, to thoroughly implement the party

guideline on multilateralizing and diversifying our foreign trade.

To multilateralize and diversify foreign trade means for

various branches of the people's economy to conduct

direct trade with many countries, diversifying export

and import goods in variety and using various formulas

and methods to promote trading activities. Since foreign

trade is business activity through and through, it is

necessary to develop markets for our products and

expand our shares in foreign markets ifwe are to step up

our trading actively. If we fail to broaden our foreign

trade and if we should, as a result, export our products

only to countries which ask for them, we cannot have

vigorous trade. Therefore, only by multilateralizing and

diversifying trade and stepping up trade activities by

various formulas and methods can we earn more foreign

currency with the capital available and import at right

times raw materials, fuel, and various other goods we

need to develop our people's economy.

In order to promote trade on a multilateral basis, it is

important to further develop foreign markets and trade

with many countries of the world.

In this respect, priority must be given to efforts to

strengthen cooperation with Asian nations. Asian countries are geographically close to us and developing trade

relations with them is economically in our interest.

Therefore, we must put strong emphasis on trade cooperation with them, expanding the varieties of export and

import goods and increasing the amounts of trade in a

short period.

We must continue to develop our foreign economic

relations with nonaligned nations and developing countries. Under the principle of collective self-reliance, we

must actively push for South-South cooperation,

broaden our trade with nonaligned nations and developing countries and, by doing so, further strengthen

friendship and cooperation with them.

At the same time, we must develop foreign trade with

capitalist countries friendly to us on the principle of

equality and reciprocity. We must also put great

emphasis on frontier trade and local trade, thereby

developing foreign markets with no letup.

In order to diversify foreign trade, it is important to

conduct trade business by various formulas and

methods.

All the foreign trade agencies must sharply increase the

foreign currency revenue by employing various formulas

and methods including small trade, processing trade and

barter trade and conducting trading efficiently in accordance with the new demands in the development of our

foreign trade and with the world trade development

trends. Also, while holding steadfast to the position of

chuche, we must conduct joint ventures and joint operations with other countries on a broad basis, producing

more goods worth being shipped to foreign markets and

further improving their quality.

Next important in developing foreign trade is to increase

exports decisively.

Increasing exports is of decisive significance in developing foreign trade. Exports are the first process of

foreign trade. Only by increasing exports actively can we

expand our import sources, enhance our foreign solvency, buy whatever we need and as much as we want

from other countries, and keep the export-import balance as it should be.

In expanding exports, it is important to increase the

proportion of processed goods. Today we have solid

processing industry bases in our country that can contribute to expanding exports of processed goods arid

finished products. Under these conditions, it is of fundamental significance in developing our socialist foreign

trade that we move on to increase the proportions of

finished goods including plant machinery in our exports

rather than continuing to rely on raw materials and

semifinished goods.

By relying on the firm bases of production and technology of our own, we must expand exports of various

products including modern machine tools, heavy-duty

freight cars, ships, electric machines, farm machines arid

electronic appliances. We must also increase the proportions oflight industry products we export. Furthermore,

with nonferrous metals and magnesia clinker which we

have been shipping to world markets in the form ofraw

materials, we must in the future increase their exports in

the form of processed goods.

To strengthen production bases for export goods and

fulfill export plans without fail constitutes a firm guarantee for increased exports. We must conduct specific

investigations and analyses of overseas market demands

and the global trends of production and technology

developments and, on that basis, build and strengthen in

a forward-looking manner production bases for export

goods relying on resources that are abundant in our

country. Especially, we must set up more factories and

workshops specializing in export goods production and

at the same time modernize production facilities.

Factories and enterprises assigned to export goods production must plan and coordinate their work closely
JPRS-AKU-91-011

11 September 1991

under the principle ofgiving top priority to export goods

production and subordinating everything else to it and

fulfill their production plans by the day, by the 10-day

period, by the month, by the quarter, and by the indicators without fail. We must thus produce more export

goods that are popular and sell for high prices in world

markets, developing ever larger markets for them and

further enhancing the nation's international prestige.

At the same time, we must develop ship, railway, and air

transports for export shipments to meet the transport

demands with export goods.

Next import in foreign trade is to hold fast to the

credit-first principle thoroughly.

Credit is the life of trade. If we lose credit in foreign

trade, we can neither sell our products to other countries

nor buy what we need from them on time. Therefore,

only by practicing the credit-first principle thoroughly in

our foreign trade can we continue to expand the list of

our trade partners and widen our trading activities

positively and further enhance our country's international prestige.

In order to gain credit in foreign trade, obligations of

contracts must be fulfilled thoroughly. We must produce

export goods on time as stipulated in the contracts

without fail. We must thoroughly honor the contracts

about their delivery, too.

Improving the quality of export goods is an important

requirement in maintaining credit. We must establish

among export-goods producers the habit of doing their

work meticulously and earnestly, plan and coordinate

economic organization work closely, step up technical

innovation movements vigorously and, by doing so,

push up the quality of export goods to world levels.

Especially, we must make more and better packing

materials and do the packing in a solid and yet smartlooking way to suit the customer taste.

To enhance the responsibility and role of functionaries

in the foreign trade sector constitutes an important

guarantee for developments in this area.

Whatever we do, the outcome is largely determined by

the responsibility and role of the guiding functionary

manning the control lever. Our foreign trade has

expanded in scope and complexity; under these conditions, only by enhancing the role offunctionaries can we

respond to changes in the situation surrounding it and

develop it further.

Functionaries in the foreign trade sector must thoroughly arm themselves with our party's foreign trade

policy and step up trade activities energetically in accordance with the party's intent. Especially, functionaries

must ceaselessly improve their levels of business efficiency in response to changes in the situation. They must

always be familiar with world economic conditions and

moves in international markets and deal with them

aggressively and efficiently.

All the functionaries and working people in the foreign

trade sector will bring about a new turnaround in our

foreign trade, upholding the party's intent, and by doing

so, contribute positively to successfully fulfilling the

Third Seven-Year Plan and to accelerating the socialist

construction vigorously.

Footnotes

1. The Collected works ofKim Ql-song Vol 35, p 335.

The Enterprise System Is a Superior Industrial

Management System Befitting to the Nature of

the Socialist Planning Economy and the Demand

of the Extensive Industrial Development

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 72-76

[Article by Pak Yong-kun; not translated]

Cultural Construction

Our Chuche-Oriented Literature and Art Which

Move Forward Along With the Era

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 77-81

[Article by Kang Nung-su; not translated]

Experiential

The Experience in the Work of the District Party

Committee Gained in Blending the Party Work

and the Revolutionary Task

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 82-86

[Article by An Pil-hum; not translated]

Question of Fatherland's Reunification

The Grand Unity of the Entire Nation Is a Firm

Guarantee for the Reunification of the Fatherland

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 87-91

[Article by Yu Ho-chun; not translated]

International

Imperialists are the Fiendish Enemy of the World

Peace and Security

00000000 Pyongyang KULLOJA in Korean No 4,

Apr 91 pp 92-96

[Article by An Myong-hyok; not translated]