Bromine Geochemistry of Chloride Rocks of the 

Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the 

Hermosa Group, Paradox Basin, 

Utah and Colorado

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2000-M
Cover. View south toward the La Sal Mountains along the Colorado River between 

Cisco and Moab, Utah. Fisher Towers in center is composed of Permian Cutler Formation 

and capped by Triassic Moenkopi Formation. The prominent mesa at left center is capped 

by Jurassic Kayenta Formation and Wingate Sandstone and underlain by slope-forming 

Triassic Chinle and Moenkopi Formations. The Chinle-Moenkopi contact is marked by a 

thin, white, ledge-forming gritstone. The valley between Fisher Towers and Fisher Mesa 

in the background is part of Richardson Mesa, part of Professor Valley. Photograph by 

Omer B. Raup.
Bromine Geochemistry of Chloride Rocks of the 

Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the 

Hermosa Group, Paradox Basin, 

Utah and Colorado

By Omer B. Raup and Robert J. Kite

EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN 

A.C. Huffman, Jr., Project Coordinator

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2000-M

A multidisciplinary approach to research studies of 

sedimentary rocks and their constituents and the 

evolution of sedimentary basins, both ancient and modern

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1996
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Gordon P. Eaton, Director

For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services

Box 25286, Federal Center

Denver, CO 80225

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and 

does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Raup, OmerB., 1930-

Bromine geochemistry of chloride rocks of the Middle Pennsylvania!! Paradox 

Formation of the Hermosa Group, Paradox Basin, Utah and Colorado / by Omer B. 

Raup and Robert J. Hite.

p. cm. (Evolution of sedimentary basins Paradox Basin ; ch. M) 

(U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 2000)

Includes bibliographical references.

Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:2000-M

1. Evaporites Utah. 2. Evaporites Colorado. 3. Bromine. 

4. Geology, Stratigraphic Pennsylvanian. 5. Paradox Formation. 

I. Hite, R. J. (Robert J.) II. Title. III. Series. IV. Series: U.S. Geological 

Survey bulletin ; 2000. 

QE75.B9 no. 2000-M 

[QE471.15.E8] 

557.3 s dc20

[552'.5] 95-49205

CIP
CONTENTS

Abstract .......................................................................................................................... Ml

Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1

Geologic Setting ............................................................................................................. 2

Facies Distribution ......................................................................................................... 2

Stratigraphy and Stratigraphic Correlations ................................................................... 3

Bromine Distribution ..................................................................................................... 3

Occurrence of Bromine in Marine Evaporites ....................................................... 3

Theoretical Profiles................................................................................................. 4

Methods of Sampling and Analysis ....................................................................... 4

Bromine Profiles .................................................................................................... 5

Analytical Data and Smoothed Profiles ................................................................. 5

Scales of Profiles .................................................................................................... 6

Regular and Irregular Profiles................................................................................. 6

Bromine Profiles from Core Samples ............................................................................ 6

Delhi-Taylor Oil Corporation, Cane Creek No. 1................................................... 6

Delhi-Taylor Oil Corporation, Shafer No. 1........................................................... 6

Delhi-Taylor Oil Corporation, Utah No. 2 ............................................................. 7

U.S. Department of Energy, Elk Ridge No. 1 ........................................................ 8

U.S. Department of Energy, Gibson Dome No. 1................................................... 8

Bromine Profiles from Well Cuttings............................................................................. 9

Continental Oil Corporation, Lone Dome No. 1 .................................................... 9

Gulf Oil Corporation, Chevron Federal No. 1 ....................................................... 10

Reynolds Mining Corporation, Egnar No. 1 .......................................................... 10

Stages of Sea Level and Brine Flow in the Paradox Basin During

Evaporite Deposition .................................................................................................. 10

Characteristics and Interpretations of Bromine Profiles ................................................ 11

Shapes of Profiles.................................................................................................... 11

Regular and Irregular Profiles ........................................................................ 11

Minimum Bromine Content in Lower Part of Profiles .................................. 12

Anomalously High Bromine Values at Profile Base ...................................... 13

Rhythmic Increases and Decreases of Bromine ............................................. 13

Vertical Profiles or Vertical Components of Profiles .................................... 13

Inclination of Profiles ..................................................................................... 13

Compound Profiles ........................................................................................ 14

Average Bromine Content of Halite Beds and Salinity Gradients ......................... 14

Relationship Between Average Bromine Content in Halite Beds and

Potash Deposits .................................................................................................. 15

Areal Distribution and Thickness of Halite and Potash Deposits........................... 15

Bromine in Coexisting Halite and Sylvite ............................................................. 16

Conclusions..................................................................................................................... 17

References Cited ............................................................................................................ 17

Figures 1-141.................................................................................................................. 21

Appendix Data Tables ................................................................................................. 79

III
IV CONTENTS

FIGURES

[Figures follow References Cited and begin on page 21]

1. Index map of Paradox Basin showing locations of wells and coreholes used in study...................................... M22

2. Diagrammatic cross section showing stratigraphic nomenclature of Hermosa Group ...................................... 23

3. Chart showing halite beds in Paradox Formation for which bromine profiles were made................................. 24

4. Generalized stratigraphic column of Cane Creek No. 1 core............................................................................. 24

5-8. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 2-5, Cane Creek No. 1 core............................. 25

9. Generalized stratigraphic column of Shafer No. 1 core..................................................................................... 27

10-20. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 2-11 and 13, Shafer No. 1 core........................ 28

21. Generalized stratigraphic column of Utah No. 2 core........................................................................................ 34

22-24. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 1, 2, and 4, Utah No. 2 core ............................. 34

25. Generalized stratigraphic column of Elk Ridge No. core................................................................................... 35

26-30. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 6, 7, 9, 13, and 16, Elk Ridge No. core............ 35

31. Generalized stratigraphic column of Gibson Dome No. core ............................................................................ 37

32-50. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 4-10, 13-21, and 24-26,

Gibson Dome No. 1 core.................................................................................................................................... 38

51. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Lone Dome No. 1 well....................................................................... 43

52-67. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 6-10, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19-21, and 24-27,

Lone Dome No. 1 well....................................................................................................................................... 44

68. Generalized stratigraphic column of Chevron Federal No. 1 well..................................................................... 49

69-90. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 4-10, 13-21, and 23-28,

Chevron Federal No. 1 well................................................................................................................................ 50

91. Generalized stratigraphic column of Egnar No. 1 well...................................................................................... 57

92-113. Graphs showing bromine distribution in halite beds of cycles 4-11, 13, 14, 16-23, 25,

and 27-29, Egnar No. 1 well.............................................................................................................................. 58

114. Schematic cross section of Paradox Basin illustrating various stages of sea level and

evaporative drawdown........................................................................................................................................ 64

115-122. Charts showing range of minimum bromine contents, lower part of profiles, for core samples

and well cuttings in study................................................................................................................................... 64

123. Chart showing number of bromine profiles and ranges of minimum bromine contents .................................... 66

124. Graph showing base of bromine profile of halite bed 2 and top of profile of halite bed 3,

Cane Creek No. 1 core........................................................................................................................................ 66

125-131. Charts showing tabulation of halite beds and average bromine contents for various pairs of core and

cuttings samples and graphic representation of lateral bromine gradients between the two holes.................... 67

132-140. Profiles of average bromine contents in halite beds in coreholes and from well cuttings of study.................... 73

141. Profiles of bromine content in halite and sylvite in potash ore zone of halite bed of cycle 5,

Texasgulf potash mine........................................................................................................................................ 77
Bromine Geochemistry of Chloride Rocks of the

Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the

Hermosa Group, Paradox Basin,

Utah and Colorado

By Omer B. Raup and Robert J. Kite

ABSTRACT

Stratigraphic profiles of bromine distribution from 

analyses of 3,045 halite and sylvite samples from the Middle 

Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the Hermosa Group in 

the Paradox Basin of Utah and Colorado indicate that the 29 

evaporite cycles are primarily of seawater origin. 

Interpretation of shapes of the profiles suggest that halite 

deposition was probably regulated by fluctuating sea level, a 

result of the waxing and waning of glaciers on the huge 

supercontinent of Gondwanaland in the Southern Hemisphere during Middle Pennsylvanian to Early Permian time. 

The basin was connected to the sea during periods of high 

sea level with a dynamic flow of seawater into the basin and 

probable reflux of denser brines out of the basin. Stages of 

lower sea level initially restricted reflux, then resulted in 

evaporative drawdown when the level of the sea dropped 

below the shelf-area inlet to the basin.

Averages of bromine values show salinity gradients 

within the basin during evaporite deposition. Salinity 

increases from the shallow edges of the basin to the deepest 

parts of the basin in a trough area adjacent to the 

Uncompahgre uplift. Facies distribution reflects the salinity 

gradients in that potash and halite is concentrated in the 

deeper parts of the basin and less soluble anhydrite and 

carbonate rocks are thicker toward the basin margins.

There is a positive correlation between halite beds that 

have high average levels of bromine and those that contain 

potash deposits. Bromine distribution, therefore, is a 

valuable tool in exploration for potash deposits in evaporites 

of marine origin.

INTRODUCTION

Determining the distribution of bromine in the 

chloride facies of marine evaporites aids in reconstruction

of paleosalinities in evaporite basins and provides an 

important geochemical tool in the exploration for potash 

deposits. Detailed Stratigraphic profiles of bromine 

distribution are also useful in resolving problems in correlation and in understanding some of the postdepositional 

processes that have occurred in the evaporite rocks (Raup 

and Kite, 1978).

Much work has been done on the geochemistry of 

bromine in the German Zechstein, such as by Baar (1954, 

1955, 1963), Boeke (1908), Braitsch (1962, translation 

1971), Braitsch and Herrmann (1963), D'Ans and Kiihn 

(1940-1944), Herrmann (1958), Kiihn (1955, 1968), 

Schulze (1960), and Schulze and Seyfert (1959). Examples 

of work done in Russia are by Ogienko (1959) and Valyashko (1956). More recently, bromine geochemical studies have 

been done by Baar (1966), Schwerdtner (1964), Schwerdtner 

and Wardlaw (1963), and Wardlaw (1964) in Canada; by 

Kite (1983), Holser (1966), Raup (1966), and Raup and others (1970) in the United States; and by Kite (1974) in 

Thailand.

Several studies have been made of bromine distribution 

in the evaporites of the Paradox Basin. Raup (1966) published the first profiles of bromine distribution in four halite 

beds near the top of the evaporite succession, using analyses 

of samples from a potash exploration drill core. Later, Raup 

and others (1970) published bromine profiles determined 

from analyses of well cuttings and interpreted the salinity 

gradient for several cycles for part of the basin. Hite (1983) 

published bromine profiles for most of the halite beds in the 

Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the Hermosa 

Group from analyses of U.S. Department of Energy core 

samples.

Bromine distribution data in this study were obtained 

from five cores and cuttings from three wells within the 

Paradox Basin (fig. 1). The five coreholes lie on a roughly 

north-south line in the western part of the basin in San Juan 

and Grand Counties, Utah. Three wells, from which cuttings

Ml
M2 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

were analyzed, lie along a northwest-southeast line that is 

essentially parallel with the axis of the basin in San Miguel 

and Dolores Counties, Colorado, and in San Juan County, 

Utah. All coreholes and wells were drilled in the area of 

halite deposition in the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox 

Formation of the Hermosa Group.

Acknowledgments. We thank Susan Bean, Lamora 

Bies, and Bruce Rueger for sampling and pelletizing the core 

samples from the Elk Ridge and Gibson Dome cores and 

Paul McRae for sampling and pelletizing samples for part of 

halite bed 9 in the Shafer core. H. Leon Groves, Jr., and 

Kenneth Esposito performed most of the X-ray fluorescence 

analyses for bromine. Samples of the upper part of halite bed 

9 in the Shafer core were analyzed for bromine by John W. 

Drexler and Fred Luiszer of the Laboratory for Geological 

Studies, Department of Geology, University of Colorado, 

Boulder, Colorado. We appreciate the helpful reviews of the 

manuscript by Betty M. Miller and Joseph P. Smoot. Special 

thanks to Lisa Ramirez Bader for computer-drafting the 

illustrations for this report.

GEOLOGIC SETTING

The Paradox Basin in southeastern Utah and southwestern Colorado (fig. 1), in the eastern part of the Colorado 

Plateau, is a structural and depositional basin that trends 

northwest-southeast adjacent to the southwest flank of the 

Uncompahgre uplift. The depositional basin was asymmetrical in a northeast-southwest direction; it was deepest 

adjacent to the Uncompahgre uplift and shallowed toward 

the shelf areas, which were toward the west, southwest, and 

south. The present sedimentary basin covers an area of 

approximately 11,000 mi 2 (28,500 km2), and its boundaries 

are defined by the maximum limit of the halite deposits in the 

Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation of the Hermosa 

Group. The original maximum depositional thickness of the 

Paradox Formation was probably 5,000-6,000 ft 

(1,500-1,800 m) in the deepest part of the basin. The halite-bearing interval has been locally thickened to as much as 

14,000 ft (4,600 m) in diapiric anticlines (Hite, 1968, p. 321).

The areal distribution of various elements of the 

evaporite facies reflects the asymmetry of the basin (fig. 1). 

The potash facies is best developed in the deepest parts of the 

basin, adjacent to the Uncompahgre uplift. The halite facies 

is more widely distributed, extending farther to the northwest, southwest, and southeast. The anhydrite facies extends 

beyond the halite facies, and the carbonate facies, both limestone and dolomite, extends onto the shelf areas beyond the 

edge of the basin (Hite and Buckner, 1981).

Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks of the northeastern part 

of the Paradox Basin are folded into a series of parallel anticlines and synclines that trend northwest-southeast. Rocks of 

the evaporite facies, in the areas of thickest evaporites, have 

flowed into the cores of the anticlines from the adjacent

synclines. Anticlines closest to the Uncompahgre uplift are 

diapiric, and large volumes of halite in the upper parts of 

their cores have been removed by dissolution. In anticlines 

farther from the uplift, the evaporite facies is conformable 

with overlying sedimentary rocks. The nondiapiric anticlines 

are the sources of the cores and cuttings used in this study.

The Paradox Basin formed in Pennsylvanian time in 

response to plate collisions that produced the 

Ouachita-Marathon orogeny (Kluth and Coney, 1981). The 

South American-African plate encountered the North American plate from the southeast starting in Late Mississippian 

to Early Pennsylvanian time. Major structural displacement 

occurred from Middle Pennsylvanian to Early Permian time. 

The major stresses of impact progressed from east to west, 

first in the present-day Ouachita area, then in the Marathon 

Basin area (Ross, 1979). Structural deformation in the 

ancestral Rocky Mountains responded to the same east to 

west sequence. Coarse arkose flanking the ancestral Front 

Range is Early Pennsylvanian to Early Permian in age 

(Mallory, 1975), whereas arkose flanking the Uncompahgre 

uplift is Late Pennsylvanian and Permian in age (Peterson 

and Hite, 1969).

Tectonism in and around the Paradox Basin reached its 

maximum with major down warping of the basin in 

Desmoinesian time. The major positive elements were the 

ancestral Front Range, the Uncompahgre uplift, the Emery 

uplift, the Piute positive element (Mallory, 1975), and the 

ancestral Kaibab and Zuni-Defiance uplifts (Peterson and 

Hite, 1969). Except for the deep-water parts of the Paradox 

Basin, the surrounding areas were covered by shallow seas.

FACIES DISTRIBUTION

The evaporite facies in the Paradox Basin are generally 

concentrically arranged: the most soluble facies are in the 

basin depocenter and the less soluble facies are at the edges 

(fig. 1). The areal extent of these facies, because of the 

asymmetry of the depositional basin, is compressed against 

the northeast side of the basin adjacent to the Uncompahgre 

uplift. The less soluble facies extend toward the basin 

margins to the south, southwest, west, and northwest. The 

facies distribution described here is highly generalized 

because the facies distribution pattern varies greatly from 

cycle to cycle. Figure 2 illustrates that the halite and associated facies in cycle 1 are confined to small area in the north 

part of the basin, whereas in cycle 6 the halite facies are very 

widespread.

The greatest concentration of potash is in a fairly 

narrow trough that parallels the northeastern boundary of the 

basin adjacent to the Uncompahgre uplift. Rocks of the 

potash facies contain a maximum of about 30 percent 

potassium chloride (sylvite, KC1) and 70 percent halite. The 

halite facies overlaps and extends well beyond the potash 

facies. An anhydrite and carbonate facies overlaps and 

extends beyond the halite facies onto the shelf (Peterson and
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M3

Hite, 1969; Hite, 1970). The boundary between the anhydrite 

and carbonate facies is not known well enough to be plotted 

in figure 1. This distribution of facies, with the least soluble 

components at the shallow basin edges and progressively 

more soluble components in the deeper parts of the basin, 

suggests depositional control by a salinity gradient.

STRATIGRAPHY AND 

STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONS

The Hermosa Group of Middle and Late Pennsylvanian 

(Atokan to Virgilian) age in the Paradox Basin contains three 

formations. The lowest of these is the Pinkerton Trail 

Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian), which overlies the 

Molas Formation of Early Pennsylvanian age (fig. 2). The 

Pinkerton Trail Formation, which in the Gibson Dome No. 1 

core is 207 ft (63 m) thick, consists mostly of interbedded 

layers of silty dolomite, dolomitic siltstone, calcareous siltstone, silty limestone, fairly pure limestone, and several 

thick layers of anhydrite in the upper part of the formation 

(Woodward-Clyde Consultants, 1982). The thick beds of anhydrite signal the beginning of evaporitic conditions in the 

basin prior to the deposition of the Paradox Formation.

The Paradox Formation (Middle Pennsylvanian) consists of 31 known cycles of halite-bearing evaporite rocks. 

Each cycle contains penesaline and siliciclastic rocks (interbeds) at the base and a halite bed, with or without potash, at 

the top. Individual halite beds range in thickness from 20 to 

800 ft (6-244 m) near the basin depocenter (Hite, 1968). Hite 

(1960) numbered the halite beds from 1 to 29, from top to 

bottom (fig. 2). Recent drilling has shown, however, that 

there are two younger, thin halite beds near the depocenter of 

the basin. These have not as yet been incorporated into the 

present numbering system. The cycles are separated by 

erosional or dissolution unconformities that are characterized by sharp contacts (Hite, 1970; Hite and Buckner, 1981; 

Raup and Hite, 1992).

The Paradox Formation and the upper part of the Pinkerton Trail Formation represent sediments deposited during 

an interruption of normal-marine carbonate deposition. A 

major tectonic event caused rapid down warping of the basin, 

and elevation of the Uncompahgre uplift and minor uplifts, 

that restricted the flow of marine waters into the basin 

causing extended periods of hypersalinity and anoxia.

Hite (1960, 1970), Peterson and Hite (1969), and Hite 

and Buckner (1981) established stratigraphic correlation of 

the evaporite cycles in the Paradox Formation throughout the 

Paradox Basin. The correlations are based on distinctive 

geophysical log signatures of many of the penesaline and 

siliciclastic intervals (interbeds) within the evaporite 

sequence; these log signatures can be recognized and 

correlated from one end of the basin to the other and from the 

evaporite facies in the deep part of the basin to the carbonate 

rocks on the shelf of the basin.

Most of the interbeds are made up of anhydrite, dolomite, and organic-carbon-rich calcareous shale (black shale). 

Some interbeds are primarily anhydrite and dolomite and 

contain little or no black shale. Each of the interbeds has anhydrite at the top and bottom, and most contacts within the 

interbeds are gradational. The lithologies of the evaporite 

cycles and the cycle boundaries are discussed in Raup and 

Hite (1992).

Deposition of cycles 20 through 29 was restricted to a 

narrow, probably deep, trough adjacent to the southwest 

flank of the Uncompahgre uplift (figs. 1, 2). The halite intervals of cycles 22 through 29 are thin, but the halite in cycles 

20 and 21 is quite thick. Cycles 6 through 19 have a much 

wider areal distribution than the underlying cycles, some 

extending onto the shelf area. The halite in cycles 6, 9, 18, 

and 19 is quite thick. From cycle 5 upward, deposition of the 

halite facies was progressively more restricted to the trough 

area of the basin.

Peterson and Ohlen (1963), Hite and Buckner (1981) 

and Raup and Hite (1992) attributed the cyclicity of the 

Paradox Basin evaporites to periodic changes in sea level in 

response to advance and retreat of glaciers in Gondwanaland 

in the Southern Hemisphere during Pennsylvanian time 

(Crowell, 1978). Interglacial melting caused a rise in sea 

level that increased water depths in the shelf areas of the 

Paradox Basin, resulting in an increase in marine circulation 

and a consequent lowering of basin-water salinity. The 

buildup of Gondwanaland glaciers caused a lowering of sea 

level that restricted marine circulation within the Paradox 

Basin, causing a rise in salinity of the basin brines and the 

deposition of soluble salts. The evaporite cycles of the Paradox Basin may possibly be correlative to cyclothems of the 

same age in the Midcontinent region of the United States 

because the deposition of both sequences was in response to 

the same sea-level events.

The Honaker Trail Formation (Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian) overlies the Paradox Formation. In the Gibson 

Dome core, it is 1,380 ft (420.6 m) thick. It consists mostly 

of interbedded layers of limestone, calcareous siltstone and 

shale, a few thin layers of sandstone, oolitic and fossiliferous 

limestone, and rarely dolomite and dolomitic siltstone 

(Woodward-Clyde Consultants, 1982). These lithologies 

show a return to normal marine depositional conditions 

following the evaporitic, hypersaline conditions of the 

Paradox Formation.

BROMINE DISTRIBUTION

OCCURRENCE OF BROMINE IN 

MARINE EVAPORITES

H.E. Boeke was one of the pioneer researchers on the 

mineralogy of the potash deposits of the Permian Zechstein
M4 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

in Germany. He discovered that bromine, one of the minor 

constituents of seawater, does not form separate bromide 

minerals during the crystallization of salts from seawater but 

rather is present only in solid solution as a replacement of 

chlorine in chloride minerals (Boeke, 1908). The amount of 

bromine in the solid-phase chlorides is proportional to the 

concentration of bromine in the parent solution. Seawater 

contains about 65 ppm bromine. During formation of marine 

evaporites, this bromine is concentrated in the brines by 

evaporation until halite begins to precipitate. At that point, 

bromine is lost to the succession of chloride minerals. Each 

of the chloride minerals has its own coefficient of solid 

solution with regard to bromine. If the amount of bromine 

that can be taken into solid solution by halite is taken as 1, 

then the amount taken into solid solution by sylvite (KC1) is 

10, by carnallite (KMgCl3 .6H2O) is 7, and by kainite (KC1, 

MgSO4«H2O) is 3.5 (Braitsch and Herrmann, 1963; 

Braitsch, 1971, p. 135). When two or more chlorides crystallize simultaneously from a brine, the bromine enters each 

solid phase according to each mineral's distribution coefficient. Consequently, the abundance of bromine in halite, to 

which the work described herein primarily addresses, is not 

affected by the presence or absence of other chloride minerals.

The coefficient of bromine between halite and brine is 

0.14 throughout most of the range of halite precipitation, but 

it decreases to 0.07 near the brine concentration necessary 

for potash deposition as a result of increase of magnesium 

chloride in solution (Holser, 1966). This progressive change 

in the coefficient tends to moderate the steady rate of 

bromine increase in the halite as the brines become more 

concentrated through evaporation; however, the bromine in 

the halite does continually increase. Refer to Holser (1966), 

Kiihn (1968), and Braitsch (1971) for more detailed 

discussion of distribution coefficients.

Studies of D'Ans and Kiihn (1940-1944), Baar (1954), 

and Schulze (1960) show that strati graphic profiles of the 

distribution of bromine in chloride rocks yield information 

on the salinity of brines from which evaporites precipitated 

and are useful in reconstructing the dynamics of influx, 

evaporation, and reflux in the Zechstein Basin. Since these 

studies several other researchers have used bromine profiles 

in the study of evaporite rocks (Braitsch and Herrmann, 

1963; Schwerdtner and Wardlaw, 1963; Holser, 1966, 

1979a, 1979b; Raup, 1966; Kiihn, 1968; Raup and others, 

1970; Braitsch, 1971; Raup and Kite, 1978)

THEORETICAL PROFILES

Experimental work by D'Ans and Kiihn (1940-1944), 

Braitsch and Herrmann (1963), and Holser (1966) 

demonstrates that, as the dissolved constituents in seawater 

become concentrated through evaporation, bromine 

increases from 65 ppm in normal seawater to about 540 ppm

at the beginning of halite precipitation. During the stage 

when only halite is precipitating, prior to the appearance of 

the first potash minerals, bromine in the brine increases from 

about 540 to about 3,900 ppm. The bromine content of halite 

increases from an initial 75 ppm to 280 ppm (Braitsch, 1971, 

p. 139). This upward increase of bromine in a halite bed precipitated from seawater is the expected distribution with 

progressive evaporation. Bromine profiles of halite rocks in 

various evaporite basins have been compared to the 

theoretical profiles established by experimentation.

Recrystallization during deformation of halite will 

affect bromine content only if the halite is recrystallized in 

the presence of brines that have bromine contents different 

from that of the original brine (Schwerdtner and Wardlaw, 

1963, p. 241). The Paradox Basin halite beds, for the most 

part, have normal bromine distributions (Raup and Kite, 

1978), but some deviate from the norm in minor ways. Thus, 

by studying the distribution of bromine content in the halite 

beds of the Paradox Basin, we have attempted to determine 

the relative salinities of the brines from which the halite 

precipitated and to reconstruct the history of salinity for each 

halite bed and for deposition in the basin as a whole.

METHODS OF SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS

Samples for bromine analysis were taken different 

ways through the duration of the studies. Each method was 

considered appropriate at the time, but subsequent methods 

were attempts to improve the technique. All of the samples 

from core were taken at 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals, and samples 

from cuttings were collected from the standard petroleum 

industry 10-foot (3 m) intervals.

Samples from the Cane Creek core were taken with a 

hammer and chisel at 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals. Each sample 

contained approximately 20-30 g of halite. Anhydrite laminations were avoided so that the samples had the highest 

possible sodium chloride content.

The Shafer core was sampled at 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals 

using a masonary drill. The holes were of sufficient size to 

yield about 20-25 g of cuttings and dust.

The Elk Ridge, Gibson Dome, and Utah cores were 

sampled by cutting a channel parallel with the long dimension of the core using a high-speed, hand-held power tool 

(Kite, 1983). The dust was collected from 2-foot (0.6 m) 

intervals, and each interval yielded about 20 g of sample. 

Thick intervals of anhydrite were avoided to minimize 

contamination by calcium sulfate. Channel samples, 

collected from the entire 2-foot (0.6 m) interval, yielded 

superior samples as compared to the spot samples taken 

earlier in the study.

Samples from the Lone Dome and Egnar wells were 

hand picked under a binocular microscope. About 6 g of clean 

halite from 10-foot (3 m) intervals was picked with care being 

taken to select halite that was free of included anhydrite.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M5

Twenty samples from the Egnar well, which had been 

prepared for analysis by hand picking, were recrystallized 

and analyzed again. No significant differences were noted in 

the bromine content between the two methods of sample 

preparation.

Samples collected at 10-foot (3 m) intervals from the 

Chevron well were purified for X-ray analysis by recrystallization rather than by hand picking. This was done to speed 

the process of sample preparation. Approximately 7-8 g of 

sample was placed in 100 mL of distilled water and stirred to 

quickly dissolve the halite. A small amount of anhydrite 

went into solution; however, because less than 0.5 percent of 

the recrystallized halite was calcium sulfate, the contamination was insignificant for these analyses. The halite solution 

was filtered and placed in an evaporating dish lined with a 

commercially available plastic film. The plastic kept the 

recrystallizing salt from creeping up the sides of the dish and 

aided in removing salt after the liquid had evaporated. The 

recrystallized salt was scraped and brushed from the plastic 

film, thoroughly ground and mixed, dried for about 10 

minutes under a heat lamp, and then thoroughly ground and 

mixed again. Great care was taken to prevent loss of any 

recrystallized salt. Because of the bromine distribution 

coefficient between liquid and solid phases, loss of even a 

small amount of late-crystallizing salt would adversely 

affect the bromine content of the sample.

All samples were ground to a fine powder. Samples 

from the Cane Creek and Shafer cores were placed in plastic 

cups and covered with thin plastic film that is transparent to 

X-rays. Samples from the Elk Ridge and Gibson Dome cores 

were placed in aluminum caps and pelletized at a pressure of 

22,000 psi (15,500 kg/cm2 ). Samples from the Utah core and 

cuttings from the Lone Dome, Chevron Federal, and Egnar 

wells were compressed into pellets, some with a backing of 

cellulose; at a pressure of 22,000 psi (15,500 kg/cm2). The 

various types of sample preparations were stored in a 

desiccator until they were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence 

spectrometer.

Standards were prepared by mixing sodium bromide in 

a matrix of bromine-free sodium chloride. Each standard 

was fused, and the resulting ingot was ground in a mechanical mill. The resulting powder was pelletized at a pressure of 

22,000 psi (15,500 kg/cm2). The standards were stored in a 

desiccator until needed.

The analyses for bromine were made using X-ray 

fluorescence spectrometers of various types. Analyses were 

made in air or vacuum; radiation was from tungsten or 

molybdenum tubes, with a lithium fluoride analyzer crystal. 

Detectors were scintillation types; pulse-height analyzer circuits were used with window voltages selected to maximize 

sensitivity for the 11.91 Kev Koc energy of bromine, and a 

spinner in the spectrograph rotated the samples during analysis to insure uniform exposure to the X-rays.

Each sample was scanned from 28 to 32 degrees 20, at 

the rate of 1 degree per minute. The bromine peak scanned

was Kttj, first order at 29.96 degrees 20, and peak to background ratios were compared to standards, either manually 

or using computer analysis. The limit of detection for 

bromine in a matrix of bromine-free sodium chloride, using 

the various types of equipment and techniques, is approximately 30 ppm. The average precision in the range of 30-80 

ppm bromine is plus or minus 15 percent and in the range of 

80-400 ppm is plus or minus 6 percent. Above 400 ppm the 

precision is plus or minus 2 percent.

A total of 3,045 bromine analyses are included in this 

study. Of those, 2,169 analyses are from core samples, 846 

are from borehole cuttings, and 15 each are of coexisting halite and sylvite from the potash ore zone of cycle 5 in the 

Texasgulf potash mine near Moab, Utah. The bromine analyses are listed in Appendix tables 1-104.

BROMINE PROFILES

Ninety-nine complete and three partial bromine profiles 

were plotted from analyses mentioned above. Forty-two profiles are from core samples, and 60 are from well cuttings. A 

chart illustrating the halite beds and their corresponding 

bromine profiles is shown in figure 3.

ANALYTICAL DATA AND 

SMOOTHED PROFILES

Bromine profiles for the Cane Creek and Shafer cores 

are presented in two forms: profile A, analytical data, and 

profile B, smoothed profile using a moving average of five 

points. Smoothed profiles were included for these two cores 

because the samples were taken at spot locations every 2 ft. 

The smoothing minimizes the variability of bromine concentration over short distances.

The top and bottom points of the smoothed profiles are 

an average of the top two and bottom two points, respectively. The second point from the top and bottom are averages of 

the top and bottom three points, respectively. All other 

points are the average of two points above and two points 

below (five points). In profiles that contain breaks, the 

segments of the profile are treated as separate profiles with 

regard to the top and bottom points.

The profiles of the Elk Ridge, Utah, and Gibson Dome 

cores represent analytical data without separate smoothed 

profiles. Because the samples were collected from channels 

collected continuously through 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals, a 

method that averages the bromine distribution within the 

intervals, the profiles were automatically smoothed.

The profiles from the Lone Dome, Chevron Federal, 

and Egnar cuttings also represent only analytical data 

because the mixing of such long, 10-foot (3 m) intervals 

tended to smooth the profiles.
M6 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

SCALES OF PROFILES

The scale used to plot the profiles is important for comparison and interpretation of the bromine distribution data. 

Most profiles were plotted at the same horizontal scale 

(0-250 ppm bromine). For a few profiles, in which the 

bromine values exceed 250 ppm, the scale extends only far 

enough to include the data. The vertical scales are essentially 

the same from one profile to another except for profiles of 

very thick halite beds where the scale had to be reduced 

slightly in order for the profile to fit on one page.

REGULAR AND IRREGULAR PROFILES

Profiles of the stratigraphic distribution of bromine in 

halite beds of marine evaporites can be characterized as 

either regular or irregular. In regular profiles, bromine values 

vary within a narrow range from one sample to the next, 

usually within 20-30 ppm. Such profiles have the characteristic of appearing relatively smooth from bottom to top. In 

irregular profiles, bromine values vary more than 30 ppm 

from one sample to the next, and they are not smooth. These 

features are discussed in more detail later in the Characteristics and Interpretations of Bromine Profiles section.

BROMINE PROFILES FROM 

CORE SAMPLES

The bromine profiles constructed from samples from 

the five coreholes used in this study represent one of the most 

complete samplings ever done on the distribution of bromine 

in evaporites that are most probably of marine origin. The 

data points in all the profiles from these cores, based on 

samples collected at 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals, yielded profiles 

that have a high level of stratigraphic detail. Interpretations 

of this detail are presented later in the Characteristics and Interpretations of Bromine Profiles section.

DELHI-TAYLOR OIL CORPORATION, 

CANE CREEK NO. 1

The Cane Creek No. 1 corehole is in sec. 25, T. 26 S., 

R. 20 E., Grand County, Utah, near the crest of the Cane 

Creek anticline. It is about 5 mi (8 km) north-northeast of the 

Shafer No. 1 corehole and 9 mi (14 km) west-southwest of 

the Utah No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). It samples the Paradox 

Formation between depths of 1,846 and 2,825 ft (563-861 

m), and it penetrates halite beds in cycles 2 through 5 (figs. 

4-8). There are essentially no structural complications in this 

corehole.

The bromine profile of the halite bed of cycle 2 (fig. 5) 

illustrates several characteristics that will be discussed in

more detail later in the Characteristics and Interpretations of 

Bromine Profiles section. After the initial high values at the 

base, which are considered anomalous and will be discussed 

later, the profile illustrates an increase of bromine from bottom to near the top. The profile is regular in that bromine values vary within narrow limits from one sample to the next. 

This profile also shows a rhythmic increase and decrease of 

bromine that is especially obvious in the smoothed profile. 

Exclusive of the high values at the base, minimum values are 

in the range of 50-100 ppm. The decrease in bromine values 

at the top of the profile indicates a decrease in salinity of the 

basin brines, probably as a result of returning open-sea conditions. Normal marine limestone is present in the Honaker 

Trail Formation a few feet above this halite bed.

The cycle 3 profile (fig. 6) illustrates a modest increase 

in bromine from bottom to top, and a rapid increase at the 

top. This profile is considered to have a regular bromine 

distribution. Minimum values at the base are in the range of 

50-100 ppm. In the upper part of this halite bed, bromine 

content abruptly increases, indicative of conditions just short 

of potash deposition.

In the cycle 4 profile (fig. 7) bromine generally 

increases from bottom to top. The distribution of bromine is 

somewhat irregular in appearance; however, the variation in 

bromine content rarely exceeds 30 ppm. There is also some 

indication of rhythmic increase and decrease of the bromine 

values. Minimum bromine values are in the range of 50-100 

ppm.

The profile of cycle 5 (fig. 8) is a regular profile that is 

essentially vertical in the bottom half and then increases 

rapidly in the upper part, indicating a rapid increase of 

salinity of the basin brines. The values at the top exceed 250 

ppm, coincident with deposition of a 16-ft-thick (4.9 m) 

sylvite zone at the top of this halite bed. Bromine values in 

the halite and sylvite in this zone are discussed later. The 

minimum bromine values are about 100 ppm.

DELHI-TAYLOR OIL CORPORATION, 

SHAFER NO. 1

The Shafer No. 1 corehole is in sec. 15, T. 27 S., R. 20 

E., San Juan County, Utah, on the crest of the Shafer anticline. It is approximately 21 mi (34 km) north-northwest of 

the Gibson Dome No. 1 corehole and 5 mi (8 km) 

south-southwest of the Cane Creek No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). 

The part of the Paradox Formation sampled by this core is 

between the depths of 2,209 and 4,156 ft (673-1,267 m). The 

corehole penetrates 11 halite beds, cycles 2 through 13. 

There are no structural complications in this corehole.

Ten complete and two partial profiles of bromine distribution were prepared for the halite beds in Shafer No. 1 

corehole (figs. 10-20). The partial profiles are for halite 

beds in cycles 2 and 3. The complete profiles are for halite
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M7

beds in cycles 4 through 13, with the exception of cycle 12, 

which is not present at this location (fig. 9).

The short segment of profile at the top of halite bed in 

cycle 2 (fig. 10) is regular and shows a decrease in bromine 

content at the top, similar to the decrease at the top of the 

cycle 2 profile in the Cane Creek No. 1 core. The partial profile at the base of halite bed in cycle 3 (fig. 11) is regular and 

has minimum bromine values in the range of 50-100 ppm.

The halite bed of cycle 4 in the Shafer No. 1 core (fig. 

12) is much thinner than that in the Cane Creek core. Most 

of the bromine values in the Cane Creek core are greater than 

100 ppm, whereas most of those in the Shafer core are less 

than 100 ppm. It is obvious that the environment during the 

deposition of this halite bed was quite different at these two 

locations.

With the exception of anomalously high values at the 

base, the cycle 5 profile (fig. 13) is a good example of a 

regular profile; minimum values are in the 50-100 ppm 

range, and bromine rhythmically increases and decreases 

within the profile. Although the profile shows a general 

increase in salinity, the rate of increase is not as great at this 

location as that of cycle 5 at Cane Creek. The halite bed of 

cycle 5 at Cane Creek contains a commercial potash deposit 

at the top of the halite bed, whereas at the Shafer locality 

there is only a minor amount of sylvite disseminated in the 

halite.

The profile of the halite bed of cycle 6 (fig. 14) is 

regular in the bottom part but is quite irregular in the upper 

two-thirds. Minimum bromine values at the base are in the 

range of 50-100 ppm. The smoothed profile shows intervals 

of rhythmic increase and decrease in bromine content. An 

interval of 22 ft (6.7 m) near the top of the halite bed was 

unavailable for bromine analysis because it had been 

removed for potash testing. Bromine values for the halite immediately above and below this interval are greater than 200 

ppm, indicating that salinity was very high during deposition.

The profile of the cycle 7 halite bed (fig. 15) is reasonably regular and shows an increase of bromine content from 

a minimum range of 50-100 ppm to a maximum of more 

than 250 ppm. This profile also displays a cyclic increase 

and decrease of bromine values.

The profile of the cycle 8 halite bed (fig. 16) is fairly 

regular and shows a modest increase in bromine upward and 

a slight decrease at the top. Minimum values are in the range 

of 50-100 ppm.

The profile of the cycle 9 halite bed (fig. 17) is similar 

to many other profiles in the basin in that the minimum 

bromine values are in the 50-100 ppm range (with the exception of the one sample at the base); the profile is essentially 

vertical in the lower half and then increases upward in the 

upper part. The nearly constant values in the lower part indicate constant salinity in the brine during deposition. This 

circumstance is discussed in more detail later. The halite bed 

of cycle 9 contains disseminated sylvite in the halite between

3,540 and 3,565 ft (1,079-1,087 m) (Raup and Hite, 1991), 

an interval that is clearly delineated by the high bromine 

values in the profile. The halite bed contains a potentially 

valuable potash deposit at Cane Creek and in other parts of 

the basin (Hite, 1961). The six bromine values at the top of 

the profile cluster at about 150 ppm and may represent a zone 

of recrystallization during which the bromine in the halite 

was homogenized.

The profile of the cycle 10 halite bed (fig. 18) is unusual 

in that it shows an increase of salinity in the bottom third of 

the halite bed, then a cyclic decrease in salinity in the upper 

two-thirds of the interval. The halite sample that contains 60 

ppm bromine at 3,770 ft (1,149 m) also contains thin layers 

of anhydrite with coarse pseudomorphs after gypsum (Raup 

and Hite, 1991). The top of halite bed 10 is very coarsely 

crystalline in this and other cores in the basin, indicating perhaps that the top of the halite bed was massively recrystallized. The profile of the very thin cycle 11 halite bed (fig. 19) 

is indicative of only a slight increase in salinity from bottom 

to top.

The profile of the cycle 13 halite bed (fig. 20) shows a 

dramatic increase in salinity from the base upward. Bromine 

values are within the 50-100 ppm range near the base and 

increase cyclically upward to more than 800 ppm (off the 

scale of the profile) near the base of a potash zone at 4,035 ft 

(1,230 m). Forty-two ft (12.8 m) of core (the missing interval 

in the profile) was removed for potash testing and was unavailable for bromine analysis. A few samples were 

available at the top of the halite bed.

DELHI-TAYLOR OIL CORPORATION, 

UTAH NO. 2

The Utah No. 2 corehole is in sec. 18, T. 25 S., R. 21 

E., Grand County, Utah, about 6 mi (10 km) northwest of 

Moab on the crest of the Moab Valley anticline in Seven-Mile Canyon. It is approximately 9 mi (15 km) 

north-northeast of the Cane Creek No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). 

The part of the Paradox Formation sampled by this core is 

between the depths of 2,352 and 3,360 ft (717 and 1,024 m) 

at the bottom of the hole. This hole penetrates all 29 halite 

beds; however, only halite beds in cycles 1 through 4 were 

cored (figs. 21-24). Because of sampling and analytical 

problems, the data from the halite bed of cycle 2 were unusable. There is no obvious structural complication in the core 

from this hole.

This is the only profile of the cycle 1 halite bed in the 

Paradox Basin (fig. 22). Cycle 1 has limited geographic 

extent in the basin and has been drilled by very few holes. 

The profile is similar to some of the other regular profiles of 

halite beds in that it increases in bromine content from near 

the bottom to the top. The strong inclination of this profile 

shows a rapid increase in brine salinity during halite
M8 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

deposition. Minimum bromine values near the base are less 

than 50 ppm, and the significance of this is discussed later. 

The three high values at the base are considered to be 

anomalous and also are discussed later.

The narrow range in bromine values of the profile for 

the cycle 3 halite bed (fig. 23) is not particularly diagnostic 

of a trend in salinity change except for a general increase in 

the upper two-thirds of the profile. Minimum bromine values 

are generally greater than 100 ppm.

The profile of the cycle 4 halite bed (fig. 24) is irregular 

in character and shows an overall narrow range of bromine 

values. There are some general similarities between this 

profile and the profile of cycle 4 in the Cane Creek corehole 

(fig. 7). The average values in the Utah core are slightly 

higher than those at Cane Creek, perhaps because of the 

difference in positions of the two coreholes with respect to 

the depositional center of the basin. The Utah well is somewhat closer to the basin deep.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, 

ELK RIDGE NO. 1

The Elk Ridge No. 1 corehole is in sec. 31, T. 37 S., 

R. 19 E., San Juan County, Utah, on the Elk Ridge anticline. It is approximately 18 mi (29 km) west-southwest of 

Blanding, Utah, and 45 mi (72 km) south-southwest of the 

Gibson Dome No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). The part of the Paradox Formation sampled by this core is between depths of 

2,738 and 3,240 ft (834-988 m), a total thickness of 502 ft 

(153 m). The core penetrates five halite beds cycles 6, 7, 

9, 13, and 16 close to the edge of the depositional area for 

halite in the basin and was drilled outside of the potash 

depositional area (figs. 1, 25-30). There is no evidence of 

any structural complication in the halite intervals.

The profile for the cycle 6 halite bed (fig. 26) decreases in bromine content from bottom to top through a narrow 

range of 43-115 ppm and is atypical in that most other 

bromine profiles increase from bottom to top. Brine salinity 

apparently was decreasing during the deposition of this thin 

halite bed near the edge of the basin.

The profile for the thin halite bed of cycle 7 (fig. 27) is 

not diagnostic of salinity change in the basin brines. The 

minimum bromine content is, however, in the 50-100 ppm 

range. The profile of the cycle 9 halite bed (fig. 28) looks 

like a typical regular profile, but the range of values and the 

thickness of the halite bed are small. With the exception of 

the two high values at the base, minimum bromine values 

are in the range of 50-100 ppm. The profile of the cycle 13 

halite bed (fig. 29), similar to other profiles for the Elk 

Ridge core, has a small range in bromine values.

The profile of the cycle 16 halite bed (fig. 30) shows a 

wider range of bromine values than the other four halite 

beds described in this core. Bromine content in the bottom

three-quarters of the profile of this thin halite bed rapidly 

increases upward and then abruptly decreases at the top.

Each of the five profiles for the Elk Ridge core exhibits 

conditions of rapid changes in salinity through a fairly 

narrow range. Because the Elk Ridge corehole is located 

close to the depositional edge of the five halite beds, it is 

probable that the brine depths were quite shallow and subject 

to rapid changes in salinity.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, 

GIBSON DOME NO. 1

The Gibson Dome No. 1 corehole is in sec. 21, T. 30 S., 

R. 21 E., San Juan County, Utah, on the southeast plunge of 

a small salt anticline known as Gibson dome. It is approximately 21 mi (34 km) south-southeast of the Shafer No. 1 

corehole and 45 mi (72 km) north-northeast of the Elk Ridge 

No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). The part of the Paradox Formation 

sampled by this core is between the depths of 2,925 and 

5,506 ft (891-1,678 m), a total of 2,581 ft (787 m). The core 

penetrates 19 halite beds cycles 4 through 26 (figs. 31-50). 

Halite beds in cycles 11, 12, 22, and 23 are missing but are 

represented by anhydrite beds. Halite beds in cycles 13 and 

18 contain important deposits of potash, and trace amounts 

of potash are present in evaporite cycles 6, 7, 9, 19, and 21 

(Hite, 1982).

The halite bed of cycle 4 in the Gibson Dome No. 1 

corehole is much thinner than the same bed in either the 

Shafer No. 1 or Cane Creek No. 1 corehole. The bromine 

content of the five samples in this profile (fig. 32) decreases 

from bottom to top, and the profile may represent the very 

top of a thicker halite bed elsewhere.

The partial profile of the halite bed in cycle 5 (fig. 

33) is from the upper 48 ft (14.6 m) of the bed; 16 ft (4.8 

m) at the base of the bed is missing because of core loss 

during drilling. Bromine values here are considerably 

lower than those in cycle 5 in the Shafer and Cane Creek 

cores.

Bromine values in the lower half of the halite bed of 

cycle 6 (fig. 34) increase rapidly to greater than 200 ppm. 

The strong inclination in this part of the profile indicates 

rapidly increasing salinity of the basin brines. The high 

values in the upper half of the profile reflect the thick deposit 

of disseminated potash in this interval.

Bromine values in the halite bed of cycle 7 (fig. 35) 

increase rapidly in the upper three-quarters of the profile. 

Similar to the profile for halite bed of cycle 6, this profile 

shows a rapid rise in salinity of the brines from which this 

halite bed was precipitated. With the exception of two higher 

bromine values at the base, the profile of the halite bed of 

cycle 8 (fig. 36) increases rapidly from bottom to top.

Bromine values in the halite bed of cycle 9 (fig. 37) 

increase rapidly upward. The high bromine value at the top
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M9

of the profile indicates salinity conditions close to those 

necessary for potash deposition. The cycle 9 halite bed at 

Cane Creek contains a major potash deposit.

The bromine distribution in the halite bed of cycle 10 

(fig. 38) lacks the characteristic regularity and slope of 

most of the profiles of the Paradox Formation halite beds. 

Examination of the core reveals that much of the upper part 

of halite bed 10 has been thoroughly recrystallized, and this 

recrystallization has apparently caused a redistribution of 

the bromine. This profile is, in general, similar to the profile for halite bed of cycle 10 in the Shafer corehole (fig. 

18). Both profiles indicate a widespread recrystallization of 

the upper part of the cycle 10 halite bed.

The profile of the cycle 13 halite bed (fig. 39) is regular and rapidly increases from bottom to top. The interval 

near the top has bromine values of greater than 250 ppm 

and contains sylvite.

The irregular profile of the cycle 14 halite bed (fig. 

40) varies widely in the range between 65 and 140 ppm 

bromine and shows no obvious trend of salinity change. 

The irregular profile of the cycle 15 halite bed (fig. 41) is 

similar to that of cycle 14.

The profile of the cycle 16 halite bed (fig. 42) is somewhat irregular near its base. There is, however, an overall 

increase in bromine from bottom to top. This is a good 

example of a compound profile. The profile of the cycle 17 

halite bed (fig. 43) is extremely irregular and shows no salinity trends.

The irregular characteristics of the bromine profiles of 

halite beds of cycles 14-17 (figs. 40-43) indicate that these 

beds may have been recrystallized to some extent.

The halite bed of cycle 18 is one of the thickest halite 

intervals in the Paradox Formation. Bromine values in this 

profile (fig. 44) increase upward from just less than 40 ppm 

near the -base to more than 500 ppm near the top and then 

decrease slightly at the top. With the exception of a few 

scattered low values, this profile is remarkably regular 

throughout the great thickness of this halite bed. The three 

higher values at the base are probably the result of secondary alteration. The values of more than 250 ppm near the 

top indicate the presence of potash.

The profile of the cycle 19 halite bed (fig. 45) is remarkably regular. Bromine values of more than 250 ppm in 

the upper part of this bed indicate the presence of potash 

minerals. As with the halite bed of cycle 18, this profile has 

a few higher values at the base that may be the result of 

secondary alteration.

The profile of the thin cycle 20 halite bed (fig. 46) indicates a modest increase in brine salinity during deposition. The profile of the cycle 21 halite bed (fig. 47) has a 

classic normal and regular bromine distribution; values 

range from 50 ppm near the base to about 320 ppm near the 

top. With the exception of its base, this profile looks much 

like the cycle 19 profile (fig. 45). The high bromine values 

at the top indicate the presence of potash minerals.

The regular profile of the cycle 24 halite bed (fig. 48) 

increases greatly from bottom to top. The strongly inclined 

part of the profile, from 5,345 ft (1,629 m) upward, indicates 

rapidly increasing brine salinity. The high bromine at the top 

shows the presence of potash minerals.

The profile of the cycle 25 halite bed (fig. 49) shows a 

slight salinity increase from bottom to top through a narrow 

range of bromine values. There are too few data points in the 

profile of cycle 26 halite bed (fig. 50) to indicate any significant salinity trend.

BROMINE PROFILES FROM 

WELL CUTTINGS

After several bromine profiles had been obtained from 

core samples in the shallower parts of the basin, we 

attempted to determine if any useful profiles could be 

obtained from cuttings from wells drilled in the deeper 

parts of the basin (Chevron Federal, Egnar, and Lone Dome 

wells, fig. 1). We determined that the profiles from cuttings 

have limited use because (1) they contain less detail than 

profiles from core samples in that data points from the 

wells are at 10-foot (3 m) sample intervals, whereas samples from core samples are at 2-foot (0.6 m) intervals and 

(2) cuttings may have significant contamination because of 

downhole caving.

Evaporite beds in the deeper parts of the basin have 

been faulted and folded in some stratigraphic intervals. This 

faulting and folding has resulted in repetition of some beds 

and thus has disrupted the normal sequence of rock as 

determined by the bromine profiles.

Despite the complications resulting from sample 

contamination and structural complication, some general 

information about salinity gradients within the halite beds, 

especially the thicker beds, can be acquired from well 

cuttings, and a general indication of the average bromine 

content of the halite beds can be obtained.

Comments on profiles from individual cycles are 

limited only to those profiles that provide information 

comparable to that provided by profiles of core samples. For 

the most part, these profiles are from some of the thick halite 

beds.

CONTINENTAL OIL CORPORATION, 

LONE DOME NO. 1

The Lone Dome No. 1 well is in sec. 26, T. 40 N., R. 16 

W., Dolores County, Colorado. It is approximately 18 mi 

(29 km) east-southeast of Dove Creek, Colorado, and 29 mi 

(47 km) southeast of the Egnar No. 1 borehole (fig. 1). The 

part of the Paradox Formation sampled by this borehole is 

between depths of 6,265 and 9,395 ft (1,910-2,864 m). A
M10 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

total thickness of 3,130 ft (954 m), which includes 16 halite 

beds (cycles 6 through 27), was penetrated (figs. 51-67). At 

this location, halite beds in cycles 1-5, 11, 12, 15, 17, 22, 23, 

28, and 29 are represented by an anhydrite-carbonate facies. 

Folding and faulting have rendered some of the data, and 

therefore the profiles, questionable or unusable. The worst 

problems involve halite beds in cycles 6, 9, 13, 16, 18, 19, 

and 21-27.

The profile of the cycle 7 halite bed (fig. 53) is quite 

regular and illustrates a steady, but modest, increase in 

bromine content from bottom to top.

With the exception of the two data points at 7,090 and 

7,100 ft (2,161, 2,164 m) and the one high value at the base, 

the profile of the cycle 9 halite bed (fig. 55) shows a fairly 

regular increase in salinity from bottom to top. The abrupt 

decrease at 7,100 ft (2,164 m) may be due to structural 

complications, but, if it is not, the profile is an example of a 

compound profile resulting from a major influx of seawater 

during halite deposition.

The remainder of the profiles in this borehole are 

typical of profiles obtained from cuttings.

GULF OIL CORPORATION, 

CHEVRON FEDERAL NO. 1

The Chevron Federal No. 1 well is in sec. 24, T. 29 S., 

R. 23 E., San Juan County, Utah, on the extreme northwest 

flank of the Lisbon Valley anticline. Chevron Federal No. 1 

is 29 mi (47 km) northwest of the Egnar No. 1 well and 17.5 

mi (28 km) east-northeast of the Gibson Dome No. 1 corehole (fig. 1). Samples of the Paradox Formation were 

obtained between depths of 5,221 and 9,042 ft (1,591-2,756 

m), a total thickness of 3,821 ft (1,165 m), and halite beds in 

cycles 4 through 28 were penetrated (figs. 68-90). At this 

location, the halite beds of cycles 1, 2, 3, 11, 12, and 22 are 

represented by an anhydrite-carbonate facies. Of the 25 

halite beds penetrated by this borehole, eight contain beds of 

potash (mostly sylvinite, a mixture of halite and sylvite). 

These eight halite beds are in cycles 6, 7, 9, 13, 19-21, and 

24. Although most of these eight beds contain only a trace of 

potash, halite beds in cycles 9, 19, and 24 contain significant 

potash deposits.

Between the halite bed in cycle 18 and the base of the 

halite bed in cycle 29, most of the halite beds and the intervening penesaline and clastic rocks are thinner than normal. 

Isopach maps (Hite, unpub. data) show that this well probably is located on a pre-Pennsylvanian positive structure. A 

gamma ray-neutron log of this well shows that some strata 

have been folded or faulted. Also, irregularities in the bromine profiles indicate probable folding or faulting in halite 

beds in cycles 18 (base), 19-21, and 24. The influence of this 

structure is not evident in the strata above the halite bed in 

cycle 18.

The profile of the cycle 6 halite bed (fig. 71) shows the 

overall high bromine content of the halite and clearly reflects

the location of the potash-mineralized zone at the top. The 

profile of the cycle 9 halite bed (fig. 74) shows the general 

increase in bromine content from bottom to top and the high 

values at the top indicative of potash. The profile of the cycle 

13 halite bed (fig. 76) is remarkably regular for a profile 

from cuttings and indicates a steady increase in bromine 

content from bottom to top and a potash interval at the top. 

The profiles of the halite beds of cycles 14 and 15 (figs. 77, 

78) show regular and smooth increases in bromine content 

upward. The profiles of the halite beds in cycles 19-21 (figs. 

82-84) are typical of some of the more irregular profiles 

from cuttings. The abrupt changes in bromine content are 

probably due to folding or faulting.

REYNOLDS MINING CORPORATION, 

EGNAR NO. 1

The Egnar No. 1 well is in sec. 14, T. 43 N., R. 19 W., 

San Miguel County, Colorado, near the crest of the Dolores 

anticline. It is about 29 mi (47 km) northwest of the Lone 

Dome No. 1 well and 29 mi (47 km) southeast of the 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well (fig. 1). Samples of the Paradox 

Formation were obtained between depths of 5,443 and 9,579 

ft (1,659-2,920 m), a total thickness of 4,136 ft (1,261 m), 

and halite beds of cycles 4 through 29 were penetrated (figs. 

91-113). At this location, halite beds of cycles 1,2,3, 12,15, 

24, and 26 are represented by an anhydrite and carbonate 

facies. Of the 26 halite beds penetrated by this well, three 

contain potash (mostly sylvinite). These three are the halite 

beds in cycles 19, 21, and 27.

Profiles for the cycles from 18 downward show irregularities that are probably the result of faulting and folding.

Profiles from the halite beds of cycles 5, 6, and 9 (figs. 

93, 94, 97) are quite regular and indicate an increase in 

bromine content from bottom to top.

The profiles of cycles 19, 20, 21, 27, and 28 (figs. 105, 

106, 107, 111, 112) are for thick halite beds. The irregularity 

of the profiles is probably due to structural complications, 

but it may also represent major influxes of seawater during 

deposition. All of the profiles, however, show an increase in 

bromine content from bottom to top, and the average 

bromine values indicated are useful for interpreting basin 

salinity during evaporite deposition.

STAGES OF SEA LEVEL AND BRINE

FLOW IN THE PARADOX BASIN 

DURING EVAPORITE DEPOSITION

The characteristics and interpretations of the bromine 

profiles presented in the following section can best be 

explained by consideration of dynamics of sea level, 

seawater flow into the basin, and flow of brines out of the
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO Mil

basin and by the stages of evaporative drawdown after the 

basin was cut off from the sea when sea level dropped below 

the level of the shelf area. Variations in sea level, as dscussed 

earlier, probably resulted from advances and retreats of glaciers on the huge continent of Gondwanaland in the Southern 

Hemisphere during Middle to Late Pennsylvanian time. Accumulation of glaciers lowered sea level, and subsequent 

melting of the ice caused it to rise.

Four stages of brine-flow dynamics in the Paradox Basin, as related to sea level, are illustrated in figures 1 14A-D.

In the state of brine-flow dynamics illustrated by figure 

114A, sea level was at a maximum and there was flow of seawater into the basin and outflow of brines (reflux) over the 

shelf area. This stage is, in general, the same as the classic 

barred-basin models described by Ochsenius (1888, 1893), 

Grabau (1920), King (1947), Scruton (1953), Richter-Bernburg (1955), and Schmalz (1969). During times of high sea 

level, water freely entered the basin over a broad shelf to 

replace the water lost by evaporation. Evaporation caused a 

slow increase in salinity and density as the water moved into 

and across the basin. By the time that the water reached the 

distal parts of the basin, both salinity and density had 

increased, producing a horizontal salinity gradient across the 

basin. As the surface layer of water became denser, parts of 

it sank until it reached water of the same specific gravity. 

This process formed a series of stratified brines, the densest 

on the bottom and the least dense at the top (Adams, 1944; 

King, 1947; Schmalz, 1969; Garrett, 1970; Hite, 1970; Raup, 

1970, 1982; Raup and others, 1970). The brines having the 

longest residence time on the surface of the basin would have 

the highest density and be richest in bitterns. Once this 

dynamic system was established, the 

influx-evaporation-reflux process maintained the stratified 

brines. Brines refluxed out of the basin varied in composition 

and density depending on the amount of evaporative concentration in the basin and the ratio of influx to reflux over the 

shelf area. The highest sea level resulted in the lowest overall 

density of the brines in the basin, and, conversely, the lowest 

sea levels resulted in maximum salinities in the basin (Hite, 

1970).

Figure 1 \4B illustrates the stage at which sea level was 

lowered to a level such that the refluxing brine could not 

overcome the friction of the influxing surface currents. At 

this point, reflux stopped, the salinity of the brines in the 

basin increased greatly, and equilibrium was reached between evaporation losses and influx. Stratification of the 

brines was maintained by contribution of higher density 

brines from the surface. As the overall salinity of the brines 

in the basin increased, the density and salinity of the brines 

in the various layers increased. The basal brines were 

increasingly enriched in magnesium and potassium 

chlorides and sulfates.

Figure 114C illustrates a stage in which evaporative 

drawdown in the basin began after sea level dropped below 

the level of the shelf area and the basin was cut off from an

influx of seawater. The brines in the basin were reduced in 

volume as evaporation continued. The brine level within the 

basin steadily lowered, and salinities rapidly increased. 

Drawdown resulted in a shrinking of the area of deposition 

of any given evaporite facies, and increasingly larger areas 

around the edge of the basin were exposed to subaerial 

erosion. Evaporative drawdown has been proposed as a 

mechanism for evaporite deposition in the Paradox Basin by 

Kendall (1988) and by Williams-Stroud, (1994a, 1994b); for 

the Middle Silurian evaporites of the Michigan Basin by 

Cercone (1988); for the Middle Devonian evaporites of the 

Elk Point Basin by Maiklem (1971); and for the upper 

Miocene evaporites of the Mediterranean Basins by Hsii, Cita, and Ryan (1973) and Hsii, Ryan, and Cita (1973).

Figure 114D illustrates an advanced stage of evaporative drawdown in which brines receded into the deeper parts 

of the basin and were greatly increased in salinity. Much 

more of the basin area was exposed to erosion and nondeposition than in the previous stage. Conditions during this stage 

could have progressed to the stage in which the brines were 

completely desiccated.

CHARACTERISTICS AND

INTERPRETATIONS OF

BROMINE PROFILES

SHAPES OF PROFILES

The shapes of bromine profiles include several characteristics: regular and irregular profiles; minimum bromine 

content in the lower parts of profiles; profiles that have 

anomalously high values at the base; profiles that exhibit 

rhythmic increases and decreases of bromine content; 

profiles that have a pronounced vertical (constant bromine 

value) component; profiles that are strongly inclined (rapidly 

increasing bromine content); and compound profiles. These 

variations in profile shape give indications of the conditions 

under which a halite bed was deposited.

A typical bromine profile in the halite beds of the 

Paradox Basin has bromine values in the range of 50-100 

ppm near the base, followed by increasing bromine content 

upward, in a more or less regular manner. Most of the 

profiles show a maximum bromine content of somewhat less 

than 250 ppm. Several of the profiles, however, exceed 250 

ppm bromine. Above 250 ppm, the evaporites include 

minerals containing potassium and possibly magnesium, as 

well as halite. The potash zones in the cores used in this 

study contain primarily sylvite (KC1) and some minor 

carnallite (KMgCl3 .6H2O) and kieserite (MgSO4.H2O).

REGULAR AND IRREGULAR PROFILES

Profiles showing the stratigraphic distribution of 

bromine in halite of marine evaporites can be divided into
M12 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

two major groups: regular and irregular (Raup and Hite, 

1978). A regular profile is one in which the bromine content 

from one sample to the next in the profile varies only within 

narrow limits (20-30 ppm), and the entire profile closely 

resembles one that might have been plotted from theoretical 

data. Some profiles characterized as regular may have 2 or 3 

intervals of change greater than 20-30 ppm, but, if the rest of 

the values are within these limits, the profile is classified as 

regular. Most regular profiles show a steady increase in 

bromine content from the bottom to the top of the halite bed, 

paralleling a gradual salinity increase in the evaporite basin. 

About three-quarters of the profiles illustrated in this study 

have characteristics of regular profiles. Typical examples of 

regular profiles are shown in figures 5, 8, 17, 28, 34-37, 44, 

45, 47, and 48. Regular profiles show that the bromine 

content in the brines from which the halite was being 

deposited was changing gradually (usually increasing) over 

the time necessary for the deposition of a halite bed. The 

stability of brine composition through time indicates that the 

basin contained a large volume of brine so that variables 

such as minor changes in influx or reflux of basin brines and 

inflow of continental waters from the adjacent highlands had 

minimal effect. Halite strata that have regular profiles are 

usually quite thick and are commonly part of a thicker 

sequence of evaporites. Such halite beds were protected 

from later recrystallization or other diagenetic alterations by 

the steady accumulation of overlying sediments.

Irregular bromine profiles are characterized by an 

erratic distribution of bromine values. For example, values 

vary from one sample to the next by more than 30 ppm. 

Irregular profiles indicate depositional conditions in which 

basin brines were fluctuating in composition including bromine content. Examples of irregular profiles are shown in 

figures 14, 15, 18, 24, and 43. Rapid compositional changes 

of brine would occur most easily in shallow depths, such as 

in isolated bays around the inner margins of the basin. They 

could also occur during the later stages of evaporative 

drawdown when overall brine volumes in the basin were 

diminished. Local meteoric runoff from the margins of the 

basin or runoff from the adjacent highlands would have 

greater effect on a smaller brine volume.

Halite deposited in shallow-water environments would 

be susceptible to redistribution of bromine prior to burial 

during early diagenesis or by dissolution and recrystallization during periods of meteoric water ingress.

Irregular profiles can also be the result of disruption of 

the strata by faulting and folding. This condition is especially 

common in the deeper parts of the basin that have been 

affected by salt tectonics.

MINIMUM BROMINE CONTENT IN LOWER PART 

OF PROFILES

The minimum bromine content in the lower part of a 

profile is indicative of the salinity of the brine at the

beginning of halite deposition in a given cycle. Calculations of distribution coefficients and evaporation experiments by several researchers using seawater and artificial 

brines show that the bromine content of first-deposited halite from seawater brines should be about 75 ppm (D'Ans 

and Kiihn, 1940-1944; Braitsch and Herrmann, 1963; 

Holser, 1966; Kiihn, 1968). Evaporation experiments by 

Block and Scherb (1953) using Mediterranian seawater 

gave minimum bromine values as low as 38 ppm. Hite and 

Japakasetr (1979) reported minimum bromine values as 

low as 40 ppm in Cretaceous evaporites of Thailand. These 

various results have led to the conclusion that minimum 

bromine values may be anywhere within this range and 

may be determined by conditions of crystallization (Holser, 

1966). Profiles from the Permian Zechstein of Germany, 

the Permian evaporites of Russia, and the Paradox Basin 

are typical and show minimum bromine values in the range 

of 50-100 ppm (Valyashko, 1956; Schulze, 1960; Holser, 

1966; Raup, 1966; Kiihn, 1968; Raup and Hite, 1978). This 

range brackets the theoretical and experimental value of 75 

ppm (Braitsch, 1971, p. 138).

Fifty-eight percent of the profiles from halite beds in 

the Paradox Formation have minimum bromine values in the 

range of 50-100 ppm (fig. 123). Twenty percent have 

minimum values of less than 50 ppm and 22 percent exceed 

100 ppm. Figures 115-122 show the minimum bromine 

profile ranges in samples from the five cores and cuttings 

from three wells. Figure 123 summarizes these data.

Because most of the profiles from the halite beds in the 

Paradox Formation show minimum bromine values close to 

the theoretical minimum, we conclude that these halite beds 

each were deposited during a single cycle of evaporation 

starting with an influx of "fresh" seawater that entered the 

basin prior to the beginning of each cycle. The thickness of 

the halite bed is indicative of the amount of brine available, 

whether from a single charge (one basin volume) of seawater 

or from a steady influx of seawater lasting the duration of 

halite deposition (figs. 114A, E).

Those coreholes that have most of the halite beds with 

minimum bromine in the 50-100 ppm range are west and 

southwest of the deepest parts of the depositional basin. 

These are the Cane Creek No. 1 (fig. 115), Shafer No. 1 (fig. 

116), Elk Ridge No. 1 (fig. 118), and Gibson Dome No. 1 

(fig. 119) coreholes. Most of the halite beds in the Egnar well 

(fig. 122) also have minimum bromine values in the 50-100 

ppm range.

A few profiles have a minimum bromine content that is 

higher than the theoretical minimum. Higher than normal 

bromine values at the base of a profile are interpreted to 

mean that the initial halite deposition was from brines 

enriched by high-salinity brines that remained in the basin 

from the previous cycle. The resulting mixed brines would 

contain an abnormal enrichment of bromine from the 

carryover of highly concentrated bittern brines. It is 

significant to note that the holes that have a large number of
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M13

halite beds containing high minimum bromine values are 

closest to the deepest parts of the depositional basin.

Higher than normal basal bromine values may also be 

the result of depositional onlap. A halite bed in a given area 

may represent only the upper part of halite deposition in that 

cycle. Halite deposited in a deeper part of the basin would 

include a stratigraphically thicker, as well as lower, interval 

and therefore have lower bromine values. More detailed 

sampling is required to understand the complete depositional 

history of these halite beds.

Some profiles have minimum bromine values of less 

than 50 ppm. Such values indicate that the bromine content 

of the initial brine at the beginning of the deposition of those 

halite beds was lower than the bromine content derived only 

from normal seawater. Low minimum bromine is difficult to 

explain if these evaporites were deposited primarily from 

seawater-derived brines. A possibility is that the brines from 

which those halite beds were deposited were altered by 

inflow of continental waters, perhaps from the Uncompahgre 

uplift or other adjoining highlands, that resulted in a change 

in the bromine-chlorine ratios of the basin brines. The 

amount of siliciclastic sediments in the interbeds is evidence 

of significant inflow from the highlands.

ANOMALOUSLY HIGH BROMINE VALUES 

AT PROFILE BASE

Several bromine profiles of halite beds in the Paradox 

Formation have anomalously high bromine values in the 

lowest 3-6 ft (1-2 m) of the halite beds before decreasing to 

a more normal value. Some notable examples of this characteristic are illustrated in figures 5, 8, 13, 16, 17, 22, 26, 28, 

29, 36, 39, and 44-47. It is difficult to relate these basal high 

values to high-salinity brines in the basin because these 

halite beds immediately overlie interbeds that contain 

anhydrite and dolomite and some intervals of organic 

carbon-rich carbonate shale (black shale) that are assumed to 

be derived from brines of much lower salinity. One would 

expect a significant lowering of basin salinity during the 

deposition of the penesaline interbeds, and this, in turn, 

would result in a minimum bromine content in the first halite 

to precipitate in the overlying halite bed.

A plausible explanation of the anomaly is that the high 

initial bromine values are due to infusion of highly concentrated bromine-rich brines via fractures through the interbeds 

into the base of the overlying halite bed as interstitial brine 

was expelled from the underlying halite bed from the 

previous cycle. Such a relationship is illustrated in figure 

124. These brines would have been injected through the 

intervening interbeds during compaction. Newly deposited 

halite may contain as much as 40 percent brine-filled voids. 

As this halite was compacted by the weight of overburden, 

the brine would have been squeezed into the overlying 

sediments. Interstitial brine from the upper part of a halite

bed would, of course, have a relatively high bromine content, 

and this brine could have been the source of the high bromine 

values at the base of the overlying halite bed. Note in the illustration in figure 124 that bromine values at the top of halite bed 3 are similar to bromine values at the base of halite 

bed 2. In support of this concept, at least in the Paradox Formation, is the observation that most of the penesaline interbeds contain numerous halite veins that have very high 

bromine contents.

Similar relationships were observed by Hite in the Cretaceous halite deposits of Thailand (Hite and Japakasetr, 

1979). In addition, Hite and Japakasetr noted that in the 

Thailand evaporites high-bromine first-deposited halite is 

present only where there are underlying halite deposits (Hite 

and Japakasetr, 1979).

RHYTHMIC INCREASES AND DECREASES 

OF BROMINE

Some profiles exhibit a rhythmic increase and decrease 

of bromine within the general trend of the profile. Some 

good examples of this are figures 5-8, 13-15, 34, 41, and 44. 

Other profiles show variations in bromine content to a more 

limited degree. Profiles that exhibit rhythmic increases and 

decreases of bromine have been interpreted to be the result 

of slight changes in sea level that would have changed the 

influx-reflux balance and therefore would have changed the 

composition of the basin brines to a limited degree (Raup, 

1966; Raup and Hite, 1978, 1992). Such fluctuations in sea 

level would have occurred during the stages illustrated in 

figures 114A and B.

VERTICAL PROFILES OR VERTICAL COMPONENTS 

OF PROFILES

Vertical profiles, or those having major vertical components, suggest deposition from brines in which salinity and 

bromine content are constant (Braitsch, 1971; Holser, 

1979b). Constant basin salinity is probably the result of a 

steady influx of seawater, with some amount of reflux to 

remove the higher salinity brines to maintain a balance (fig. 

114A). It is only through reflux losses of brine from the basin 

that the salinity of the brines could maintain a fairly constant 

bromine content. The lower half of the profile of the halite 

bed in cycle 5 in the Cane Creek core (fig. 8) is essentially 

vertical. Also, the lower three-quarters of the profile of the 

halite bed in cycle 9 in the Shafer core (fig. 17) is essentially 

vertical. A few other profiles have some vertical 

components.

INCLINATION OF PROFILES

Inclined profiles those in which the bromine content 

increases rapidly in a relatively thin stratigraphic
M14 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

interval indicate basin conditions of rapidly increasing 

salinity. Some profiles exhibit a modest increase in bromine in the bottom part of the profile and a rapid increase 

in the upper part. Such changes in slope of the profiles suggest rapid changes in the salinity conditions in the basin 

and, therefore, probable changes in the influx-reflux-evaporation balance. Many of the profiles of halite beds that contain potash deposits have a rapid increase of bromine just 

below the potash, indicating rapid salinity increase and 

probably rapid brine volume decrease. Maximum rate of 

bromine increase could have occurred during evaporative 

drawdown after seawater influx into the basin had stopped 

(fig. 114C). During the initial stages of drawdown, the volume of the basin brines would be large and the rate of bromine increase at a minimum. As drawdown continued, 

however, brine volume would decrease (fig. 114D), and the 

rate of salinity and bromine increase would accelerate, resulting in a strongly inclined profile. Some good examples 

of strongly inclined profiles, or parts of profiles, are in figures 8, 20, 34, 35, 37, 39, 44, 45, 47, and 48.

COMPOUND PROFILES

Some profiles exhibit fluctuations in bromine content 

that are greater in range than the rhythmic cycles described 

earlier. In some of these profiles, the bromine content 

decreases to such an extent as to suggest that halite deposition in a given evaporite cycle had come to an end. Some 

examples of compound profiles are in figures 14, 18, 38, and 

41-43. Compound profiles are most easily explained by 

major influxes of seawater into the basin that result in a 

dilution of the basin brines. Such influxes may have occurred 

while the basin was still connected with the sea. Major influxes could also have occurred during evaporative drawdown, but this process should be recorded as major breaks in 

the lithologic sequence.

Some compound profiles may be the result of folding or 

faulting of the strata.

AVERAGE BROMINE CONTENT OF HALITE 

BEDS AND SALINITY GRADIENTS

The average of the bromine values of a single halite bed 

at any location in the basin is an index of the overall salinity 

of the brines from which the halite precipitated at that basin 

position. Examination of these values, in stratigraphically 

equivalent halite beds, shows that from one hole to another 

there is an increase in the average toward the basin depocenter. This increase would tend to suggest that a horizontal 

salinity gradient was controlling sedimentation; however, 

the increase can be more easily explained by a stratified 

brine column that actually represents a vertical gradient. 

Because of the slope of the basin floor, a vertical gradient 

would place brine of greatest density in contact with the

sediment interface at the deepest point in the basin (fig. 114). 

In a more upslope position, the interface would be in contact 

with less dense brine. This relationship would result in a 

lateral bromine gradient in the halite sediment but not an 

actual lateral gradient in the brine.

The average bromine values reported herein are simple 

arithmetic averages of all the bromine analyses of a given 

halite bed, less any anomalously high values at the base of 

the bed that are judged to be of secondary origin. Some 

minor inaccuracies in averages may result from the fact that 

in any given halite bed the basal portion in a basin-deep 

position may not have a stratigraphic equivalent at a more 

upslope position. In addition, some averages were derived 

from bromine determinations made on well cuttings not 

always an accurate means of sampling.

The average bromine value of each halite bed, in pairs 

of holes, is compared in figures 125-131. The data in figures 

125-128 are from the five coreholes, which are in an approximate north-south orientation (fig. 1). The data in figures 129 

and 130 are from cuttings from three wells, which are along 

a northwest-southeast orientation. In figure 131, the data 

from the Gibson Dome hole are from core samples, and the 

data from the Chevron well are from cuttings. In each of 

these figures, the difference in average bromine is expressed 

by arrows that point in the direction of bromine increase.

Figure 125 shows average bromine values of halite beds 

in the Elk Ridge and Gibson Dome cores. The five halite 

beds common to these two cores are from cycles 6, 7, 9, 13, 

and 16. The arrows show that the average bromine value in 

each of these five halite beds increases from the Elk Ridge to 

the Gibson Dome corehole, toward the basin depocenter.

Figure 126 shows average bromine values in the Gibson 

Dome and Shafer cores. The eight halite beds common to 

these cores are from cycles 4-10 and 13. In the halite beds 4, 

5, 7, and 8, the average bromine content increases toward the 

Shafer corehole, and in halite beds 6, 9, 10, and 13, it 

increases toward the Gibson Dome corehole.

Figure 127 shows average bromine values in the Shafer 

and Cane Creek cores. In the two halite beds common to 

these cores, halite of cycles 4 and 5, the average bromine 

content increases toward the Cane Creek corehole, toward 

basin deep.

Figure 128 shows average bromine values in the Cane 

Creek and the Utah cores. In the two halite beds common to 

these cores, halite of cycles 3 and 4, the average bromine 

content increases toward the Utah corehole, which is in the 

deeper part of the basin.

Figure 129 shows average bromine values in the Lone 

Dome and Egnar wells. There are 14 halite beds common to 

these wells. In seven of the halite beds (6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18, 

21), the increase in bromine is toward the Egnar well, and in 

seven others others (7, 8, 16, 19, 20, 25, 27), it increases 

toward the Lone Dome well. There is a slight overall 

increase southeastward in average bromine content toward 

the Lone Dome well.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M15

Figure 130 shows the average bromine values in the 

Egnar and Chevron wells. In most of the 19 halite beds 

common to these two wells, average bromine content 

increases toward the Chevron well, in a northwestward 

direction toward the deeper part of the basin.

Figure 131 shows average bromine values in the Gibson 

Dome core and in the cuttings from the Chevron well. In 12 

of the 19 halite beds common to these holes, the average 

bromine content increases toward the Chevron well, and in 

seven, it increases toward the Gibson Dome corehole. The 

increase toward the Gibson Dome corehole is especially evident in halite bed 17.

The bromine-gradient illustrations (figs. 125-131) 

show an increase in average bromine content toward the 

northeast, north, and northwest (compare hole locations in 

fig. 1). Similarly, the thickness of the halite beds increases in 

these directions and the concentration of potash minerals increases. These characteristics agree with the interpretation 

that the Paradox Basin was an asymmetrical basin and was 

deepest bordering the Uncompahgre uplift.

The interpretation that the previously described relationships are the response to vertical rather than horizontal 

salinity gradients would not apply if all halite was precipitated at the brine surface. Surface sedimentation would result in 

a halite bed of uniform thickness and bromine content. It has 

been observed, however, that the Paradox halite deposits are 

characterized by fabrics indicating bottom-growth crystallization (Raup and Hite, 1992).

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AVERAGE

BROMINE CONTENT IN HALITE BEDS AND

POTASH DEPOSITS

Profiles of the average bromine values in halite beds for 

any given hole show the overall salinity history during 

deposition of the halite beds in that part of the basin. Figures 

132-139 illustrate average bromine profiles for all of the 

coreholes and wells studied.

Figure 132 shows average bromine values of four halite 

beds in the Cane Creek No. 1 core. Of these four halite beds, 

salinity was at a maximum during halite bed 5. This halite 

bed contains a commercially valuable potash deposit that is 

currently being mined near Moab, Utah. Salinity conditions 

were lower during the deposition of the upper three halite 

beds.

Figure 133 illustrates average bromine values for the 

nine halite beds in the Shafer No. 1 core. Two salinity 

maxima are recorded by the average bromine values in halite 

beds for cycles 5 and 6, and 13. These three halite beds 

contain potash-mineralized rock, whereas the other halite 

beds contain none.

Figure 134 illustrates average bromine values for the 

three halite beds in the Utah No. 2 core. All of the halite beds 

in this core have relatively high average bromine contents

(grand average for all of the halite beds, 137.7 ppm), but 

none of the three contains potash-mineralized rock. Potash 

might be present in these beds deeper in the basin.

Figure 135 illustrates average bromine values for the 

five halite beds in the Elk Ridge No. 1 core. The four upper 

halite beds have relatively low average bromine values. The 

halite bed 16 has an average bromine value of 117.9 ppm. 

Although there is no potash-mineralized rock at this location, the halite bed of cycle 16 contains a trace of potash in 

other parts of the basin.

Figure 136 illustrates average bromine values for the 19 

halite beds in the Gibson Dome No. 1 core. Three of the 

halite beds, those in cycles 6, 13, and 18, that have high 

average bromine values contain potash-mineralized rock at 

this location.

Figure 137 illustrates average bromine values for the 16 

halite beds in the Lone Dome well. Halite beds in cycles 

19-21, 24, and 27 have average bromine values of more than 

130 ppm, and they contain major potash deposits.

Figure 138 illustrates average bromine values for the 22 

halite beds in the Chevron Federal No. 1 well. Eleven of the 

halite beds have average bromine values of more than 130 

ppm. Most of these halite beds contain potash deposits.

Figure 139 illustrates average bromine values for the 22 

halite beds in the Egnar No. 1 well. Six of the halite beds 

have average bromine values of more than 120 ppm. As in 

the Chevron Federal No. Iwell, most of these halite beds 

contain potash deposits.

There is a direct relationship between halite beds that 

have a high average bromine content and those beds that 

contain potash deposits. This relationship is illustrated in 

figure 140, which shows the combined averages (average of 

averages) for the data in figures 136-139. The data for these 

four holes were combined to give an overall vertical salinity 

profile for the central part of the basin. These holes were 

selected because they penetrated the greatest number of 

halite beds and are located well within the evaporite facies of 

the basin (fig. 1).

Eighteen of the 29 halite beds in the Paradox Formation 

contain at least traces of potash minerals (Hite, 1961, 1982). 

The major potash deposits in the basin are shown by the boxes to the right of the profile in figure 140. Most of the halite 

beds that contain potash deposits have average bromine contents of more than 110 ppm. It is obvious, therefore, that high 

average bromine in a halite bed in the Paradox Basin is an indicator that the bed could host a potash deposit.

AREAL DISTRIBUTION AND THICKNESS 

OF HALITE AND POTASH DEPOSITS

Many of the Paradox Formation halite beds in the 

Paradox Basin have a very wide areal distribution (figs. 1, 2). 

Although the boundaries of the Paradox Basin are defined by 

the outer limits of the halite facies, the actual basin area was
M16 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

much larger as shown by the extent of equivalent facies of 

sulfate and carbonate. If most of the halite beds in the 

Paradox Basin were the result of repeated single cycles of 

evaporative drawdown, the deposition of halite would be 

restricted to a very limited part of the basin. In a single cycle 

of basin filling followed by evaporative drawdown, 90 

percent of that water would have to evaporate before any 

halite would be precipitated, and halite would be precipitated 

in an area occupied by only 10 percent of the original charge 

of seawater in the deepest parts of the basin. Many of the 

halite beds, however, presently occupy areas much greater 

than the reduced brine volume would imply. Several halite 

beds have very wide areal extent, such as those in cycles 6, 

9, 13, 18, and 19 (fig. 2). Such halite beds were probably 

precipitated when the basin was full of halite-saturated brine 

and the basin was receiving a steady influx of seawater with 

possible minor reflux (figs. 1144, B)

The thickness of the halite beds is also an important 

factor in determining their mode of origin. If a halite bed was 

deposited from a single cycle of evaporative drawdown, the 

halite would be limited in thickness as well as areal extent, 

and its thickness would be directly related to its distribution. 

Thicker halite beds would occupy a smaller area and vice 

versa. As an example, the halite bed of cycle 6 in the Shafer 

core is 312 ft (95 m) thick (figs. 2, 9, 14), in the Gibson 

Dome core it is 240 ft (73.1 m) thick (figs. 31, 34), and in the 

Egnar well it is 310 ft (94.5 m) thick (figs. 91,94). Halite bed 

6 is also one of the two most widespread halite beds in the 

basin (fig. 2). Because of its thickness and widespread distribution, uniform lithology, and regularity of the bromine 

profiles, it is probable that this halite bed was deposited from 

brines that received continuous supplies of sodium chloride 

from the sea rather than deposited from a single cycle of 

basin recharge followed by evaporative drawdown. Several 

other halite beds in the Paradox Basin, such as those in 

cycles 9, 13, 14, 18, and 19-21, are hundreds of feet thick, 

and halite beds 9, 13, 18, and 19 also have wide distribution.

Potash deposited from a fresh charge of seawater during 

a single cycle of evaporative drawdown would occupy an 

area much smaller than that of halite. The deposition of potash minerals begins only after 98 percent of the seawater has 

been evaporated (Usiglio, 1849, in Stewart, 1963, p. Y12). 

Thus, potash deposited from a single cycle of basin fill, 

evaporative drawdown, and desiccation would occupy an 

area covered by less than 2 percent of the original brine and 

would occupy a very small part of the basin floor. Because 

some of the potash beds cover more than 50 percent of the 

area of halite deposition (Hite, 1961), these deposits, too, 

must have been deposited from a large volume of very 

concentrated brine.

The thickness of the potash beds is also an important 

factor in determining their origin. A potash bed deposited in 

a single episode of evaporative drawdown would be very 

thin, as well as of limited areal extent. If all of the potash 

deposits in the entire evaporite sequence of the Paradox

Formation were deposited as a series of single drawdown 

episodes, the potash would be dispersed in thin layers 

throughout the whole evaporite sequence. Some of the 

potash beds in the Paradox Basin are, however, more than 

100 ft (30 m) thick (Hite, 1961). They must have been 

deposited from a large volume of bittern brines that had 

accumulated in the basin through several evaporite cycles.

Almost all of the potash deposits in the Paradox Formation were deposited in the upper part of halite beds and 

represent a continuation of the chloride evaporite phase of 

deposition. Because the deposition of potash requires a large 

initial volume of brine, and also extreme conditions of brine 

concentration, it is probable that the potash was deposited 

through a combination of events including evaporative 

concentration, followed in later stages by evaporative drawdown, perhaps to the point of complete desiccation (figs. 

114A-D).

BROMINE IN COEXISTING HALITE AND 

SYLVITE

In a separate but related study, samples of potash ore 

from the Paradox Formation were collected in the Texasgulf 

potash mine, near Moab, Utah. The samples were collected 

at 1-foot (30.5 cm) intervals from the deposit at the top of the 

halite bed of cycle 5 . This ore contains an intimately intergrown mixture of halite and sylvite. The samples were 

crushed to a very coarse sand-size and hand-separated into 

the two mineral components under a binocular microscope. 

To facilitate identification, the crushed material was 

irradiated by X-rays that temporarily colored the halite 

brown and the sylvite violet. The mineral separates were 

then analyzed for bromine by X-ray fluorescence. The 

analyses are listed in appendix table 104, and stratigraphic 

profiles of the analyses are illustrated in figure 141.

As stated earlier, each of the chloride minerals that is 

present in marine evaporites has a different partition 

coefficient for the inclusion of bromine when crystallizing 

simultaneously from a common brine derived from seawater. 

If the coefficient for halite is given as 1, then the coefficient 

for carnallite is 7 and that for sylvite is 10 (Braitsch, 1971, p. 

135).

Bromine contents of the halite from the 20-foot (6 m) 

potash interval range from 177 to 272 ppm, whereas bromine 

contents of the sylvite range from 1,025 to 1,330 ppm. The 

right-hand column of appendix table 104 lists the ratios for 

bromine contents of the halite and sylvite. The ratios range 

from 1:3.9 to 1:6.4 and average 1:5.2.

The ratio between halite and contemporaneously 

precipitated primary sylvite should be 1:10 according to data 

given by Braitsch (1971, p. 135). Because the ratios in the 

potash zone of cycle 5 average 1:5.2, it is probable that this 

sylvite is the product of decomposition of a precursor 

carnallite deposit. The ratio between coexisting halite and
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M17

carnallite is 1:7 (Braitsch, 1971, p. 135). The average 1:5.2 

ratio for the Paradox Formation potash ore is more in line 

with the alteration of carnallite to sylvite, which requires loss 

of magnesium chloride, and a probable simultaneous loss of 

bromine.

The progressive decrease of bromine content in the 

sylvite, from bottom to top of the ore deposit (fig. 141), 

may indicate alteration by brines working downward from 

the top of the sylvite-rich bed. This theory is further supported by the condition of the upper 1 m of the potash deposit in which all evidence of primary bedding has been 

destroyed and the sylvite crystals are colorless. Crystal textures of the ore suggest secondary growth of sylvite following the incongruent solution of a precursor carnallite 

deposit. Alteration of the potash deposit may have been (1) 

an early diagenetic event immediately after potash-mineral 

deposition, (2) a result of brines of lower salinity entering 

the basin during deposition of the overlying interbeds, or 

(3) the result of total desiccation of the covering brine layer, allowing alteration by rainfall.

CONCLUSIONS

The following is a summary of the conclusions drawn 

from interpretations of the bromine distribution in chloride 

rocks of the Middle Pennsylvanian Paradox Formation in the 

Paradox Basin of Utah and Colorado.

1. Minimum bromine content in the range of 50-100 

ppm at the base of most of the profiles suggests 

deposition of halite from brines of a predominantly 

seawater source. Minimum bromine content of more 

than 100 ppm indicates possible deposition from 

mixed brines containing a significant component of 

carryover brines from a previous cycle. Minimum 

bromine content of less than 50 ppm indicates 

dilution of brines from lower salinity water 

originating from runoff within the basin during 

drawdown or from waters entering the basin from 

adjacent highlands. Recrystallization of the halite by 

lower salinity brines could also lower the bromine 

content.

2. Rhythmic increases and decreases of bromine 

content in the profiles indicate periodic influx surges 

of seawater into the basin. Such periodic influx 

surges would most likely have occurred while the 

brine surface in the basin was at sea level, before 

evaporative drawdown.

3. Bromine profiles that have a major vertical 

component indicate that those intervals of halite were 

deposited from brines that were maintained at a fairly 

constant salinity, probably by a balance of influx of 

seawater into the basin and a required amount of 

reflux out of the basin.

4. Strongly inclined profiles illustrate conditions of 

rapidly increasing salinity and bromine content in the 

basin brines. Such conditions most likely would have 

occurred during later stages of evaporative 

drawdown, when the brine volume in the basin was 

rapidly diminishing.

5. Compound profiles may indicate major seawater 

influx. They could also be the result of structural 

complexities in the strata.

6. Average bromine contents of halite beds in different 

locations in the basin show the presence of lateral 

bromine gradients. These gradients were the result of 

vertically stratified brines in contact with a sloping 

basin floor.

7. High average bromine content correlates directly 

with the occurrence of potash deposits. This 

correlation emphasizes the important role that 

bromine geochemistry plays in the exploration for 

potash deposits. Thick and areally extensive potash 

deposits probably were deposited from large 

volumes of high-salinity brines that were the result 

of the concentration of brines in a full-basin setting 

and further concentration during evaporative 

drawdown, perhaps to the stage of desiccation.

8. Thick and areally extensive halite beds indicate 

deposition during lengthy periods of seawater influx 

that allows for large quantities of sodium chloride to 

be brought into the basin.

9. Thick and areally extensive potash deposits indicate 

long periods of evaporative brine concentration, 

probably followed by evaporative drawdown to 

allow for maximum concentration of the brines.

10. The sylvite in the potash deposit in cycle 5 in the 

Texasgulf potash mine, near Moab, Utah, may be a 

secondary replacement after carnallite based on the 

ratio of bromine content between halite and sylvite.

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p. 464-802.

Published in the Central Region, Denver, Colorado 

Manuscript approved for publication October 12, 1995 

Edited by Richard W. Scott, Jr. and Judith Stoeser 

Graphics by Lisa Ramirez Bader 

Photocomposition by Gayle M. Dumonceaux

FIGURES 1-141
M22 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

110° 109°

EXPLANATION

Approximate limit of the halite fades in the 

Paradox Formation of the Hermosa Group 

(Pennsylvania!))

 \ Green River

Approximate limit of major potash zones hi 

the halite fades of the Paradox Formation 

of the Hermosa Group (Pennsylvanian)

MONTROSE

SAN \MIGUEL

\Q Monticello

\

MONTEZUMA

UTAH S^COLORADO 

AMZONAR^EW MEXICO

38° _

37° . _

I I T I I ( 

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 KILOMETERS

Figure 1. Index map of the Paradox Basin showing locations of the coreholes and wells used in this study. Coreholes: CC-1, Delhi-Taylor 

Oil Corporation, Cane Creek No. 1; ER-1, U.S. Department of Energy, Elk Ridge No. 1; GD-1, U.S Department of Energy, Gibson Dome 

No. 1; S-1, Delhi-Taylor Oil Corporation, ShaferNo. 1; U-2, Delhi-Taylor Oil Corporation, Utah No. 2. Wells: CF-1, Gulf Oil Corporation, 

Chevron Federal No. 1; E-l, Reynolds Mining Corporation, Egnar No. 1; LD-1, Continental Oil Corporation, Lone Dome No. 1.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M23

UNCOMPAHGRE 

- TROUGH 

SOUTH NORTH

105 mi (175km)

HONAKER TRAIL 

FORMATION

Sulfate and Carbonate

Figure 2. Diagrammatic north-south stratigraphic cross section across Paradox Basin, along the Utah-Colorado State line, showing 

stratigraphic nomenclature of the Middle and Late Pennsylvanian Hermosa Group as used in this report. Numbered units are evaporite 

cycles of the Paradox Formation, which consist primarily of halite. Note that the maximum extent of evaporite facies was during 

cycles 6, 9, 13, 18, and 19. Modified from Hite and Buckner (1981).
M24 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

.&

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

/ o" n, *°' / / / " 1 «*>-| cf # j rf 5 ,/ £ * 550- n

Halite beds

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

ID

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

/

X

X

X

X

/

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

< 

X

X

rtc

X

X

X

X

/

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

yA

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-«^

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

/

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

y

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

/

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

yA

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

600 

2000 

650 

2200 

700 

2400 

750 

2600 

800 

850 

2800 

Halite bed

%

%y// ///

yvV %

W

^

T^"^~

2

3

4

5

EXPLANATION

Halite bed Y/A V/A Interbeds

Figure 4. Generalized stratigraphic column 

of the Cane Creek No. 1 core. Scale 1 inch =

200 ft.

Figure 5 (facing page, top). Bromine distribution in halite bed of

cycle 2, Cane Creek No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed

profile using a moving average of five points. The average bromine

content for this profile, excluding the three high values at the base,

is 110. 4 ppm.

Figure 3. Chart showing halite beds in the Paradox Formation 

for which bromine profiles were made. Numbers refer to evaporite cycles; small "x" indicates partial profile.

Figure 6 (facing page, bottom). Bromine distribution in halite 

bed of cycle 3, Cane Creek No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, 

Smoothed profile using a moving average of five points. The 

average bromine content of this halite bed is 107.6 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M25

Q. 

LU 

O

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100

1930

1950 -

1970 -

1990 -

2010 -

2030 -

2050 -

2070 -

2090 -

2110 -

150 200 250 0 

i I . I ...

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 100 150 200 250

585

- 595

- 605

- 615

>- 625

- 635

- 645

CO 

DC 

LU

tZ

B

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 0

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

LU 

LU

Q. 

LU 

O

2200

2220 -

2240 -

2260 -

2280 -

2300 -

2320 -

2340 -

2360

670

h- 680

CO

690 LU

- 700

- 710

720

B
M26 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250 0

2450

2470 - 

2490 - 

2510 -

UJ 2530 - 

LLJ

2550 - 

2570 - 

2590 - 

2610 - 

2630 - 

2650

150 200 

. I .... 1 .

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250 

. I .... I .... I .... I ... 745

- 755

- 765

- 775

CO 

DC 

UJ

785 UJ 

O

- 795

- 805

B

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

UJ

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

2680

2700 -

2720 -

2740 -

2760 -|

2780 -

2800 -

2820

815

- 825

- 835

- 845

- 855

Q. 

UJ 

O

B
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M27

Figure 7 (previous page, top). Bromine distribution in halite bed 

of cycle 4, Cane Creek No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, 

Smoothed profile using a moving average of five points. The 

average bromine content of this halite bed is 137.3 ppm.

Figure 8 (previous page, bottom). Bromine distribution in halite 

bed of cycle 5, Cane Creek No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, 

Smoothed profile using a moving average of five points. The 

average bromine content of this profile, excluding the one higher 

value at the base, is 168.7 ppm.

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

2100 _i Halite bed

650 

700 2300 

750

2500 

800

2700 

850

2900 

900

3100 

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

3100 

950 

1000

3300 

1050

3500 

1100 

3700 

1150

3900 

1200

1250- 4100 

222

Halite bed

6 - cont.

10

11

13

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed Interbeds

Figure 9. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Shafer No. 1 core. Scale 1 inch = 200 ft.
M28 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 100 150 200 250

2225 -

LU 

LU 

LL

Z 

-j-- 2245 -

Q. 

LU 

Q 1

- 1

- 678 w 

LLJ 

-682 tu

Z 

- 686 -

t 

-690 LU

A B

Figure 10. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 2 (upper part), Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile 

using a moving average of five points. The average bromine value in this partial profile is 75.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

fc

c

2470-

-

2490 -

) 50 100 150 200 2

I

**

{

50

'

_

_

3 50 100 150 200 2,

/

1

\

50

-746 

-750

-754

.

-758 

-762

CO 

DC 

LU

Z

t 

LU 

Q

A B

Figure 11. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 3 (lower part), Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. 5, Smoothed profile 

using a moving average of five points. The average bromine value in this partial profile is 94.3 ppm

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250 0

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 100 150 200 250

2585- 

2605- C

" c

- 788 W 

LU 

-792 j|j

Z 

- 796 ^

t 

- 800 W

A B

Figure 12. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 4, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile using a 

moving average of five points. The average bromine content in this profile is 87.5 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M29

LU 

LU

X

0. 

LU 

O

2650

2670 - 

2690 - 

2710 - 

2730 - 

2750 - 

2770 - 

2790 - 

2810 - 

2830 - 

2850 - 

2870 -

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 200

I 

100

. I I

150 

 I 

250 

. I .

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250 

 I i i I . I I iii 808

- 816

- 824

- 832

- 840

- 848

- 856

- 864

- 872

CO 

DC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

B

iLU 

LU

LU 

Q

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

2960

2980 -

3000 -

3020 -

3040 -

3060 -

3080 -

3100 -

3120 -

3140 -

3160 -

3180 -

3200 -

3220 -

3240 -

3260 -

3280 - 

3300

200 

. i .

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

900

-920

940 CO 

LU

LU

Z 

I

-960

-980

- 1000

LU 

O

B
M30 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Figure 13 (previous page, top). Bromine distribution in halite bed 

of cycle 5, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed 

profile using a moving average of five points. The average bromine 

content in this profile, excluding the four high values at the base, is 

147.3 ppm.

Figure 14 (previous page, bottom). Bromine distribution in halite 

bed of cycle 6, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed 

profile using a moving average of five points. The average bromine 

content in this profile is 135.8 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 100 150 200 250 300

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

50 100 150 200 250

3300

Q. 

LLJ 

O

3320 -

3340 -

3360 -

3380 -

3400 -

1004

- 1008

- 1012

1016

CO 

DC 

LJJ

1020 UJ

- 1024

- 1028

- 1032

- 1036

Q. 

UJ 

O

1040

B

Figure 15. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile using a 

moving average of five points. The average bromine content in this profile is 122.2 ppm.

Figure 16 (facing page, -top). Bromine distribution in halite bed 

of cycle 8, Shafer No, 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed 

profile using a moving average of five points. The average bromine 

content in this profile, excluding the three high values at the base, is 

99.7 ppm.

Figure 17 (facing page, bottom). Bromine distribution in halite 

bed of cycle 9, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed 

profile using a moving average of five points. The average bromine 

content of this profile, excluding the single high value at the base, 

is 103.3 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M31

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250 0

3410

3420 -

3430 -

LU 3440 - 

LU

t 

LU 

O

3450 -

3460 -

3470 -

3480 -

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

1038

- 1042

- 1046

- 1050

LU 

LU

Z

x"

- 1054 LU 

O

- 1058

- 1062

B

LU

3520

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 0 

... I .... I .... I .... I ...

3540 -

3560 -

3580 -

Z 3600 -

I 

Q.

3620 -

3640 -

3660 -

3680 -

EIROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

1075

- 1085

W

QC 

1095 LU

LU

- 1105

- 1115

1125

B
M32 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

3720

3740 -

3760 -

LU

UJ 3780 -

Z

PL 3800 -

3820 -

3840 -

3860

50 100 150 200 250 0 50 100 150 200 250

' I . . I . . . . . . . . I , , , , I , , , , I , , . . I . , , . ^32

. 1140

_ 1148

LU

_ 1156 ^

Q. 

LU 

Q

- 1164

_ 1172

B

Figure 18. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 10, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile using a 

moving average of five points. The average bromine content of this profile, excluding the single high value at the base, is 98.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

LU 

LU

3885

 3905 -

Q.

LU

3925

0 50 100 150 200 2J50 C

_

50 100 150 200 2i

f

50 

CO

- 1184 DC 

LU

- 1188 *£ 

Z 

- 1192 I-

£

- 1196 LU

B

Figure 19. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 11, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile using a 

moving average of five points. The average bromine content in this profile is 95.0 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M33

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

3960

4160

B

1210

- 1220

- 1230

- 1240

- 1250

- 1260

1270

LLJ 

LLJ

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 20. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, Shafer No. 1 core. A, Analytical results. B, Smoothed profile using a 

moving average of five points. The average bromine content in this profile is 191.2 ppm.
M34

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

2200

EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

680 

720 

760 

800 

840 

880 

920 

960

1000 

2400 

2600 

2800 

3000 

3200 

3400-

Halite bed

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed

(No data)

Interbeds

Figure 21. Generalized stratigraphic column of the 

Utah No. 2 core. Scale 1 inch = 200 ft.

0 50 100 150 200 250

2340

LU

2360 -

2380-

2400-

2420

2440 -

2460-

- 720

CO

DC 

LU 

- 730 [JJ

- 740

Q. 

LU 

O

- 750

Figure 22. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 1, Utah 

No. 2 core. The average bromine content of this profile, excluding 

the three high values at the base, is 112.6 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

3070-

LU 3090- 

LL

Q. 

LU 

Q

3110-

3130-

150 

. I .

200 

. i .

N. 950

LU

0. 

LU 

O

Figure 23. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 3, Utah 

No. 2 core. The average bromine content of this profile, excluding 

the three high values at the base, is 141.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M35

LU

Q_ 

LU

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

3220

3240-

3260-

3280 -

3300 -

3320 -

3340-

3360-

3380

h990

-1000

-1010

-1020

LU

o.

LU 

O

 1030

Figure 24. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 4, Utah 

No. 2 core. The average bromine content in the profile is 158.7 

ppm.

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

2600

800 

840 

880 

920

960 

1000 

2800

3000 

3200

1040 3400 '

13

16

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed Interbeds

Figure 25. Generalized stratigraphic column 

of the Elk Ridge No. 1 core. Scale 1 inch = 200 ft.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

2730

t 2750H

LU

LU

^ 2770 -

±"

Q.

W 2790 -

2810

QC 

840 LU

LU

hB50

LU 

Q

Figure 26. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 6, Elk 

Ridge No. 1 core. The average bromine content of this profile, 

excluding the two high values at the base, is 67.4 ppm.
M36 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

h- <

LL 

Z

± 2840 - 

0.

o

3 50 100 150 200 2J>o g

LU

-860 H 

 865 ?

nf

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 21. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, Elk 

Ridge No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile is 

92.4 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

UJ 

UJ

0. 

LU 

Q

3100-

1

3120-

3140 -

W

DC

UJ

- 950 UJ

Z

f

0. 

LU

O

- 960

Figure 29. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, Elk 

Ridge No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the three high values at the base, is 79.6 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

2900

LU 

LU

Q_ 

LU 

Q

2920 -

2940-

2960-

890 UJ

- 900

0. 

UJ

o

Figure 28. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 9, Elk 

Ridge No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the two high values at the base, is 81.5 ppm.

3195

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 

... I .... I .... I .... I ...

Z 3215 -

Q_ 

UJ

Q 3235 -I

975 g 

UJ

985

LU 

Q

Figure 30. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 16, Elk 

Ridge No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile is 

117.9 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M37

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

2900 

900

940

980

1020

1060

1100'

1140'

1180'

1220

1260'

1300'

3100

3300

3500

3700

3900

4100

4300

777J

7ZA

Halite bed 

4

10

13

14

15

16

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

16 -cont.

4300

1340

1380

1420

1460

1500

1540

1580

1620

1660

1700

4500

4700

4900

5100

5300

5500

777.

1

17

18

19

20

21

24

25

26

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed Interbeds

Figure 31. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Gibson Dome No. I core. Scale 1 inch = 200 ft.
M38 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

z

nf

QL 2940 -

LU

Q

) 50 100 150 200 2

^>»

50 £

-891 "

Z

- 895 ±

Q.

LU

Q

Figure 32. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 4, Gibson 

Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile is 

57.8 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

2965

LU 

LU

2985 -

Si 3005 H 

Q

200 

. i .

- 910

GC 

LU

Q_ 

LU 

Q

-920

Figure 33. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 5 (upper 

part), Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in 

this profile, that represents the upper 73 percent of the halite bed, 

is 84.8 ppm.

LU

BROMINE. IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

3110

3130-

3150-

3170-

3190-

3210 -

3230 -

3250 H

3270-

3290-

3310-

3330-

3350-

3370

-950

-960

-970

 980

QC 

LU

LU

Z

- 990 ?

Q. 

LU 

Q

- 1000

- 1010

- 1020

Figure 34. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 6, Gibson 

Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile is 

181.4 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M39

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

3370

3390-

LU 

LU

 3410-

CL 

111

3430 -

3450

-1030

DC 

LU

LU

-1040 Z

Q. 

LU 

Q

-1050

Figure 35. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, Gibson 

Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile is 

105.0 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

3450'

0. 

LU 

Q

3470H

3490-

3510-

-1055

- 1 065

LU 

LU

0. 

LU 

Q

Figure 36. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 8, Gibson 

Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, excluding the two higher values at the base, is 95.9 ppm.

3540

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

r-1080

3560-

3580-

3600 H

~~- 3620 -

Q. 

LU

Q 3640-

3660-

3680-

3700

150 

. i .

-1090

DC 

LU

-1100 LU

hmo Si

-1120

3710

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

LU 

LU

3730-

3750-

3770- Z

nf

Q.

Q 3790 H

3810 -

3830-

- 1140

- 1150

DC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

- 1160

u 1170

Figure 38. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 10, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 111.2 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

3900

3920-

3940-

LU 

LU

LL 3960-

O. 

LU 

Q

3980-

4000 -

4020-

4040

h1190

-1200

-1210

-1220

-1230

CC 

LU

ID

Q. 

LU 

O

Figure 39. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the three higher values at the base, is 199.6 ppm.

Figure 37 (left column). Bromine distribution in halite bed of 

cycle 9, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content 

in this profile is 115.3 ppm.
M40 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

4060

4080-

III

 4100-

Q.

LU 

Q

4120 -

4140

50 

I .

-1240

LU 

-1250 5

-1260

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 40. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 14, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 102.9ppm.

LU 

LU

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

4220

4240 -

4260-

4280 -

0.

Q 4300

4320-

4340-

-1290

1300 a: LU

- 1310

-1320

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250

4140-

Uj 4160H

a.

LU 

Q

4180-

4200-

50 

I .

100 

. I .

150 

. I .

200 

. i .

-1270

-1280

V) tr LU

a. LU 

a

Figure 41. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 15, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 161.4ppm.

Figure 42. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 16, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 138.4ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

LU 

LU

CL 

LU 

O

4350

4370-

4390-

50 

. i .

100 

. I .

150 

. I .

200 250 300

- 1330

Q. 

LU

h 1340 Q

Figure 43. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 17, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the one high value at the base, is 209.3 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M41

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 100 200 300 400 500

4380

4400 -

4760

- 1340

1350

- 1440

- 1450

Figure 44. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 18, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, excluding the three higher values at the base, is 189.9 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

4760

4780 -

4800-

4820 -

4840 -

LU 

111

 4860 -

Q. 

LU 

O

4880-

4900-

4920 -

4940-

4960

- 1460

- 1470

- 1480

DC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

O

- 1490

- 1500

- 1510

Figure 45. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 19, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the five higher values at the base, is 155.6 ppm.

5015

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-1530

tD

LU

u- 5035 H

Si 5055 - 

O

LU 

LU

-1540 jE 

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 46. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 20, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the one higher value at the base, is 78.5 ppm.
M42 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

5080

Q. 

Ill 

Q

5100-

5120-

5140-

5160 -

5180-

5200-

5220-

H-1550

-1560

-1570

-1580

-1590

CO 

DC 

UJ

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 47. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 21, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the one higher value at the base, is 126 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

5300

LU 

LU 

LI5320-

5340-

5360-

Q.

Q 5380 -|

5400 -

5420 -

r 1620

CO

M630 DC

\- 

LLJ

-1640 UJ 

Q

-1650

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250

5420

inLU

Q. 

LU 

Q

5440 -

5460 -

5480 -

5500

CO 

DC

-1660 UJ

LU

-1670

I 

Q. 

Q

Figure 49. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 25, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 69.6 ppm.

BROMINE. IN PARTS PER MILLION

Lu

LU 5490 -

Z

l"

CL 5510-

LLJ

Q

. _ _ ^J^^**

"" " LU

1-

LU

- 1675 S

Z

- 1679 X

0.

LU

Q

Figure 50. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 26, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 85.2 ppm.

Figure 48. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 24, Gibson Dome No. 1 core. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 132.6 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M43

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

1960

2040

2120

2200

2280

2360

2440

6400

6600

6800

7000 

7200

7400

7600 

7800 

8000 I

1 0

13

14

16

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

8000 i

8200 

2520 

2600 

8400 

8600 

2680 _

9000

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed

2760 

2840 

2920

Interbeds

9200 

9400 

Halite bed 

16-cont.

18

19

20

21

24

25

26

27

Figure 51. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Lone Dome No. 1 well. Scale 1 inch = 400 ft.
M44 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

LLJ

i

Q

6460

6480 -

6500 -

6520 -

6540 -

6560 -

6580 -

6600 -

6620-

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

- 1970

- 1980

- 1990

Q_

2000 LU 

Q

- 2010

- 2020

Figure 52. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 6, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

64.3 ppm.

6660

6680-

6700 -

6720 -

6740 -4

6760-

 6780

nf

Q. 

LU

° 6800 -

6820-

6840 -

6860 -

6880-

6900

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250 

... I .... I .... I .... I ...

- 2040

- 2050

- 2060

- 2070

GC 

LU

I

- 2080

- 2090

- 2100

Figure 54 (right column). Bromine distribution in halite bed of 

cycle 8, Lone Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in 

this profile is 85.3 ppm.

Figure 53. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

79.5 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

Q. 

LU 

Q

6900-

6920-

6940-

6960-

200 

. i .

-2110

U) 

GC 

LU

0.

r 2120 LU 

Q
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M45

7000

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 

... I .... I .... I .... I ...

7020 -

7040-

7060 -

7080 -

7100 -

7120-

7140 -

7160 -

7180 -

7200-

7220 -

7240 -

7260 -

7280-

7300 -

7320 -

7340

- 2140

- 2150

- 2160

- 2170

- 2180

CO

cc

LU 

UJ

2190 EL 

UJ 

Q

- 2200

- 2210

- 2220

- 2230

Figure 55. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 9, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the one higher value at the base, is 105.4 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150

7340

7360 -

7380 -

UJ 

LL

 7400 -

Q. 

LJJ 

Q

7420 -

7440 -

7460

200 250 

. i . . .

-2240

-2250

LJJ 

LJJ

-2260

-2270

Figure 56. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 10, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

95.2 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

7600-

ul

LJJ

Q. 

UJ 

Q

7620-

7640-

7660-

200 

. I .

- 2320 CO 

DC 

UJ

LJJ

- 2330 X

Q. 

LJJ 

Q

Figure 57. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

101.3 ppm.
M46 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

7700

LU 

Q

7720 -

7740 -

7760 -

7780 -

7800 -

7820-

7840-

7860 -

7880

- 2350

- 2360

CO

- 2370 LU

- 2380

- 2390

- 2400

Figure 58. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 14, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

60.6 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

7940

7960-

7980-

LLJ U_ 8000 -

Q. 

LU 

Q

8020-

8040-

8060-

8080

-2430

-2440

-2450

-2460

CO 

CC 

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 59. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 16, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

75.0 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8140

8160-

8180-

LU 

LU

u_ 8200

Q. 

LU 

Q

8220-

8240-

8260-

8280

-2490

-2500

CO 

CC 

LUIn

Q. 

LU 

-2510 Q

-2520

Figure 60. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 18, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

105.9 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M47

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

8300

8320 -

8340 -

8360-

8380 -

8400 -

8420 -

LU 

LU 

LL

 8440 -

O_ 

LU

Q 8460 -

8480 -

8500 -

8520 -

8540 -

8560 -

8580

Igneous sill

-2530

-2540

- 2550

- 2560

-2570

- 2580

- 2590

i- 2600

r 2610

CO

cc

LU

Q. 

LU 

O

Figure 61. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 19, 

Lone Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 202.2 ppm.

8620 -

8640 -

LU 

LU

 8660 -

Q. 

LU 

O

8680 -

8700 -

8720

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

-2630

- 2640

CO 

DC 

LU

Q. 

LU 

O

-2650

Figure 62. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 20, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

145.9 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8720

LU

LU 

O

8740 -

8760 H

8780 -

8800-

8820

100 

. i .

150 

. i .

-2660

-2670

-2680

CO 

CC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 63. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 21, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

159.8 ppm.
M48 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

8990

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

9010 -

LU

UJ 9030 -

Z

l"

Si 9050 -|

LU

Q

9070 -

9090

-2750 £ 

LU

tn

-2760

-2770

Figure 64. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 24, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

137.2 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

tu

LU

Q. 

UJ 

Q

9100-

9120-

9140-

9160-

- 2780

LU

-2790 gj

Figure 65. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 25, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

98.2 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

9210-

\£ 9230- 

LL

Q. 

LU 

Q

9250-

9270-

-2810

-2820

CO 

DC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 66. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 26, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

64.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

9300

9320 -

tu

UJ 9340 -

LU 

Q

9360 -

9380 -

9400

-2840

-2850

CO 

CC 

LU

O_ 

LU 

Q

-2860

Figure 67. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 27, Lone 

Dome No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

150.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M49

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

1540

1620

1700

1780

1860

1940

2020

2100

5000

5200 

5400 

5600 

5800 

6000 

6200

6400 

6600 

6800 

7000

10

13

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

7000

2180 

7200 

2260 740° ~

7600

2340 

2420 

7800 

8000 

2500 8200

2580 

2660 

2740-

2820 

8400 

8600 

8800 -

9200 

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

23

24

25

26

27

28

EXPLANATION 

Halite bed Intel-beds

Figure 68. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Chevron Federal No. 1 well. Scale 1 inch = 

400 ft.
M50 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

5200

5220-

5240 -

LU

a! 5260 H

LU

a

5280 -

5300 -

5320-

5340

-1590

-1600

-1610

-1620

CO

Q. 

LU 

O

Figure 69. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 4, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 70.9 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

5340

Q. 

LU

5360 -

5380-

5400 -

5420 -

5440-

5460-

5480-

5500

COcc

-1630

-1640

-1650

Q. 

LU

 1660 Q

-1670

Figure 70. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 5, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 138.7 ppm.

5540

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 100 200 300

- 1690

tD 

LU

LU

a

5560-

5580-

5600 -

5620-

5640 -

5660-

5680-

5700 -

5720-

5740-

5760 -

5780-

5800 -

5820-

5840 -

5860-

5880-

5900

- 1700

- 1710

- 1720

- 1730

- 1740

- 1750

t- 1760

- 1770

- 1780

- 1790

LU 

LU

a.

LU

a

Figure 71. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 6, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 172.9 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M51

5900

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-1800

5920-

5940-

LU 

LU 

LL 5960-

LU 

O

5980-

6000-

6020 -

6040

-1810

1-1820

-1830

-1840

CO 

DC 

UJ tu

a. LU

Q

Figure 72. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

pro file is 182.2ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

6020

LU 

UJ

6040 -

6060 -

6080 -

0.

Q 6100

6120 -

6140 -

p-1840

CO

 1850 £

- 1860

I 

Q.

-1870

Figure 73. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 8, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 121.5 ppm.

UJ

LU 

O

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

6160

6180 -

6200-

6220-

6240 -

6260 -

6280 -

6300 -

6320 -

6340 -

6360 -

6380 -

6400 -

6420 -

6440 -

6460

1880

- 1890

- 1900

- 1910

CO 

GC 

LU

- 1920 LU

z

t

LU 

1930 Q

- 1940

- 1950

r 1960

Figure 74. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 9, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 170.8 ppm.
M52 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

6420

6440-

6460-

LLJ

u_ 6480 -

LU 

Q

6500 -

6520 -

6540-

6560

-1960

-1970 CO

cc.

LU 

LU

-1980

-1990

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 75. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 10, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 156.1 ppm.

Q. 

LU 

Q

6660

6680 -

6700 -

6720 -

6740 -

6760 i

LU 

LU 

LL

 6780 -

6800 -

6820 -

6840 -

6860 -

6880-

6900

50 100 150 200 250 300 

 I I ! ...I .... I ... .1 .. 2030

- 2040

- 2050

- 2060

- 2070

- 2080

- 2090

- 2100

Figure 76. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 190.6 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M53

LU

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

0 50 100 150 200 250

7100

7120 -

7140-

7160 -

7180 -

7200 -

7220 -

0- 7240

LU

Q

7260-

7280-

7300 -

7320-

7340 -

-2170

- 2180

- 2190

CO

DC 

LU

2200 IQ_ 

LU

- 2210

- 2220

- 2230

2240

Figure 77. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 14, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile, excluding the two higher values at the base, is 87.7 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

7340

7360 -

LU 

LU

 7380 -

Q. 

LU 

Q

7400 -

7420

-2240

-2250

CO 

OC 

LU

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

-2260

Figure 78. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 15, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 98.8 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

LU 

LU 

LL

Z

I

t 

LU 

0

7460 - 

7480-

7500-

7520-

7540-

7560-

7580- 

7600-

7620-

3 50

<

< 

<

j

i

100 150 200 2!

;

^»

50

-2280

-2290 CO 

CC 

LU

LU

S

Z

-2300 .£

Q. 

LU 

Q

-2310

-2320

Figure 79. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 16, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 80.5 ppm.
M54 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

(

7610 -

HLU

LU

LL

z 7630 -

i"

Q.

g 7650 -

3 50 100 150 200 21>0

-2320

CC

LU

I [ i

2

z

- 2330 jE

Q.

LU

Q

Figure 80. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 17, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 76.5 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

7650

LLJ

7670-

7690 -

7710-

7730 -

7750-

7770 ^

0- 7790 -

LU

Q

7810 -

7830 -

7850 -

7870 -

7890-

-2340

- 2350

- 2360

- 2370

CO 

GC 

UJtD

Q. 

LU 

O

- 2380

- 2390

- 2400

Figure 81. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 18, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile, excluding the two higher values at the base, is 132.6 ppm.

LU

LU 

Q

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

7880

7900

7920

7940 -

7960-

7980-

8000 -

8020 -

8040 -

8060-

8080 -

8100 -

8120 -

8140 -

8160 -

8180

- 2410

- 2420

- 2430

- 2440 CO 

CC

LU

- 2450

- 2460

2470

2480

2490

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 82. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 19, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 169.0 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M55

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

8190

8210-

8230 -

UJ 

UJ 

LL

 8250 -

o. Ill

Q

8270 -

8290 -

8310

-2500

CO

-2510 gj

UJ

- 2520 UJ 

Q

-2530

Figure 83. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 20, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile, excluding the one higher value at the base, is 176.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

-2540

8330

8350 -

8370 -

UJ 

UJ

 8390 -

D. 

UJ 

O

8410 -

8430 -

8450

-2550

-2560

UJ 

UJ

o_

UJ 

Q

-2570

Figure 84. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 21, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 195.0 ppm.

50 100 150 200 250

8480

UJ 

111

I

o.

8500 -

8520 - 

2585

- 2590

2595

COtr

a.

UJ 

Q

Figure 85. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 23, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 95.7 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8520

8540 -

8560 -

8580 -

111

UJ 8600

CL 8620

UJ

O

8640 -

8660 -

8680 -

8700

200 

. i .

- 2600

- 2610

2620 UJ

UJ 

^

- 2630

I 

o.

^ 2640

- 2650

Figure 86. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 24, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 156.6 ppm.
M56 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8690

LLJ 

LLJ

O.

LLJ 

Q

8710-

8730 -

- 2650 CO

LLJ

- 2660

LU 

Q

Figure 87. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 25, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 106.5 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8740-

hLU

LU

LL

z 8760 -

i"

ho.

Q 8780 - <f 2665 COtr

LUhLU

- 2670 ^

Z

I

 2675 1- 

Q_ 

LU

Q

Figure 88. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 26, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 102.5 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8780

(_ 8800 -

LU 

LL

^ 8820 -

if

o.

W 8840 H

8860

-2680

2685

COtr

LU

LU

h2690 -

2695 LU 

Q

 2700

Figure 89. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 27, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 97.1 ppm.

LU 

LU

O. 

LU 

Q

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8840

8860-

8880-

8900-

8920 -

8940 -

 8960 -

8980 -

9000 -

9020 -

9040 -

9060

- 2700

- 2710

- 2720

>- 2730

- 2740

- 2750

CO 

DC 

LUIn

o.

LU 

Q

- 2760

Figure 90. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 28, 

Chevron Federal No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 70.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M57

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET) Halite bed

Depth 

(METERS) (FEET)

1660

1740

1820

1900

1980

2060

2140

2220

5600 

5800 

6000 

6200 

6400 

6600 

6800

7000 

7200 

7400

'///

////

%

' ' ' '

J_l_l 

'///t

'///

SsS

S//s

S///

V//

1ULA-L

4

2300 

5 7600 

* 

2380 7800 -

6 "

8000 

2460 

7

8200 

8

2640 ~"

8400 

9

-j 0 2620 8600 

11

8800 

13 2700 

9000 

14

£./OU

9200 

16

17 286°- 9400-

9600 

2940 

9800 -

EXPLANATION

V/A Halite bed Y//4. Interbeds

777:

///*

'///,

777-7

"%%

///,

s^^s

^

/ ///

///,

' f ' '

1

18

19

20

21

22

£.0

pc

27

28

29

Figure 91. Generalized stratigraphic column of the Egnar No. 1 well. Scale 1 inch = 400 ft.
M58 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

5430

5450 -

LU

LLI 5470 H

LU 

Q

5490 -

5510 -

-1660

-1670

LU 

LU

O. 

LU 

Q

-1680

Figure 92. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 4, Egnar 

No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile, excluding 

the single higher value at the base, is 62.6 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

5540

LU 

LU

D. 

LU 

O

5560-

5580 -

5600 -

5620 -

5640 -

-1690

-1700 CO 

LU 

LU

-1710

-1720

Figure 93. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 5, Egnar 

No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 124.1 

ppm.

5740

5780 -

5820 -

5860-

5900 -

LU 

LU 

LL

 x" 5940

o_

LU 

Q

5980 -

6020-

6060 -

6100-

50 100 150 200 250

1750

- 1770

- 1790

- 1810

CO 

QC 

LU

O. 

LJJ 

Q

- 1830

- 1850

Figure 94. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 6, Egnar 

No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile, excluding 

the two higher values at the base, is 99.6 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

6090

6110 -

LU

LU 6130

0. 6150

LU

Q

6170 -

-1860

-1870

O. 

LJJ 

Q

-1880

Figure 95. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 7, Egnar 

No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile, excluding 

the single higher value at the base, is 75.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M59

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

6170

6190-

6210-

Ill

UJ

LL 6230

£ 6250

LLJ

Q

6270-

6290-

6310

-1890

-1900

-1910

-1920

UJ

o_

LJJ

Figure 96. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 8, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile 

is 45.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

6340

6360-

6380 -

6400 -

6420 -

UJ 

UJ

 6440 -

D. 

UJ 

O

6460 -

6480 -

6500-

6520 -

- 1940

- 1950

UJ 

1960 UJ

ex.

LJJ

- 1970

- 1980

- 1990

Figure 97. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 9, Egnar 

No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

114.5ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

6540

tDUJ

6560 -

6580 -

 6600 - x" 

o_

LJJ 

Q

6620 -

6640 -

6660

-2000

-2010

COtr

LJJ

tj

 z. 

x"

a. LJJ

Q

-2020

Figure 98. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 10, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

96.5 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-2040

6690

6710 -

UJ 

UJ

 6730 -

D. 

UJ 

O

6750 -

6770

-2050

CO 

DC 

UJ

UJ

D. 

LU 

Q

-2060

Figure 99. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 11, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

79.0 ppm.
M60 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

6800

6820-

6840-

LLJ 

111 U_ 6860 -

UJ 

O

6880 -

6900 -

6920-

-2080

COtr

UJ

-2090 H

-2100 ui 

Q

-2110

Figure 100.

Egnar No. 1 

102.8 ppm.

Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 13, 

well. The average bromine content in this profile is

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

50 100 150 200 250

6960

UJ 

UJ

X

o_

6980 -

7000 -

7020-

7040 -

7060 -

7080 -

7100 -

7120 -

- 2130

- 2140

r 2150

COtr

o.

UJ

o

- 2160

- 2170

Figure 101. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 14, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

72.4 ppm.

7180

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-2190

UJ

7200-

7220-

724° -

7260 -

D. 

LU 

0 7280 -

7300-

7320-

7340

-2200

-2210

-2220

2230

CO

tr

UJ

Figure 102. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 16, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

62.3 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

7350 -

hLJJ 

UJ

z 7370 -

x"

^ 7390 - *

COtr

H 2245 uj

Z 

- 2250 x"

O_ 

UJ

Q

Figure 103. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 17, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

77.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M61

LLJ 

LU

O_ 

LU 

O

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 100 200 300

7390

7410 -

7430 -

7450 -

7470 -

7490 -

 7510-

7530-

7550 -

7570 -

7590-

7610 -

- 2260

- 2270

- 2280

CO

tr LULU

- 2290 

o_

UJ 

Q

- 2300

- 2310

- 2320

Figure 104. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 18, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile, 

excluding the single higher value at the base, is 121.6 ppm.

Figure 105 (right column). Bromine distribution in halite bed 

of cycle 19, Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in 

this profile is 169.2 ppm.

7660

7680 -

7700-

7720-

7740 -

7760 -

7780 -

7800 -

7820 -

7840 -

tD

ff 7860-

O_ 

UJ 

Q

7880 -

7900 -

7920 -

7940 -

7960-

7980-

8000 -

8020 -

8040 -

8060

8080

- 2340

2350

2360

- 2370

2380

- 2390

COtr

LU 

LU

2400 

I

Q. 

LU 

Q

- 2410

- 2420

- 2430

- 2440

- 2450

- 2460
M62

8100

z

£

LU 

Q

8120-

8140 -

8160 -

8180 -

8200 -

8220 -

8240 -

8260 -

8280 -

8300 -

8320 -

8340 -

8360 -

8380 -

8400^

8420

EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

250

8400

50 100 150 200 250 

. i .... i .... i .... i ...

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-2470

-2480

- 2490

- 2500

- 2510

- 2520

- 2530

- 2540

- 2550

- 2560

CO

cc

LU

Q. 

LU 

Q

Figure 106. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 20, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

123.4 ppm.

8420 -

8440-

8460 -

8480 -

LU

LU 8500 -

LU 

Q

8520 -

8540 -

8560 -

8580 -

8600-

8620

- 2570

- 2580

- 2590

- 2600

CO 

QC

LU

I 

o.

- 2610

- 2620

Figure 107. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 21, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

164.0 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8700

tDLU

8720-

^ 8740 -

8760 -

8780

^ 2660

CO 

QC 

LU

LU

X

.2670 t 

O

Figure 108. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 22, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

103.7 ppm.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

M63

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

8770

LLJ 

111

8790-

8810-

8830 -

8850 -

-2680

-2690

CO 

DC 

UJ

UJ

O.

UJ 

Q

-2700

Figure 109. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 23, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

85.1 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

-2720

8920

8940-

8960-

LLJ 

UJ

 8980 -

I

D. 

LU

9000-

9020-

-2730 CO 

QC 

UJ

tD

- 2740 hO_ 

UJ 

Q

-2750

Figure 110. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 

25, Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this 

profile is 57.9 ppm.

9040

UJ 

UJ

9060 -H

9080 -

9100 -

9120-

9140 -

9160-

9180 -

Q_

UJ 9200 - 

O

9220 -

9240 -

9260 -

9280 -

9300 -

9320 -

50 100 150 200 250 

. i .... i .... i .... i ...

- 2760

h 2770

- 2780

- 2790

CO

cc

UJ 

LU

- 2800 ^

zf

D. 

UJ 

Q

- 2810

- 2820

- 2830

- 2840

Figure 111. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 27, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

149.8 ppm.
M64

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

SOUTHWEST

9340

UJ 

UJ

9360 -

9380 -

9400-

9420-

9440 -

9460 -

9480 -

9500-

9520 -

9540 -

- 2850

- 2860

- 2870

- 2880

- 2890

2900

2910

COtr in

o_ LLJ Q

Figure 112. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 28, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

88.8 ppm.

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

h- < UJ QCCC J

LL

Z

± 9575 - 

0-

Q

) 50 100 150 200 26

>

50 g 

UJ

-2915 £

z 

-2919 _Eh0- 

LLJ 

Q

Figure 113. Bromine distribution in halite bed of cycle 29, 

Egnar No. 1 well. The average bromine content in this profile is 

33.7ppm.

SHELF AREA

NORTHEAST

UNCOMPAHGRE 

UPLIFT

V

7

B

D

Figure 114. Schematic southwest to northeast cross section of the 

Paradox Basin illustrating various stages of sea level and 

evaporative drawdown. See text for discussion, p. M10.

Figure no.

5

6

7

8

Halite 

bed

2

3

4

5

Less than 

50 ppm

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

X

Figure 115. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Cane Creek No. 1 core samples.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M65

Figure no.

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Halite 

bed

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

13

Less than 

50 ppm

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

Figure 116. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Shafer No. 1 core samples.

Figure no.

22

23

24

Halite 

bed

1

3

4

Less than 

50 ppm

X

50-100 

ppm

Greater than 

100 ppm

X

X

Figure 117. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Utah No. 2 core samples.

Figure no.

26

27

28

29

30

Halite 

bed

6

7

9

13

16

Less than 

50 ppm

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

Figure 118. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Elk Ridge No. 1 core samples.

Figure no.

32

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

Halite 

bed

4

6

7

8

9

10

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

24

25

26

Less than 

50 ppm

X

X

X

X

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

X

X

Figure no.

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

Halite 

bed

6

7

8

9

10

13

14

16

18

19

20

21

24

25

26

27

Less than 

50ppm

X

X

X

X

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

Figure 120. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Figure no.

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

Halite 

bed

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

23

24

25

26

27

28

Less than 

50 ppm

X

50-100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Figure 121. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Figure 119 (left column). Range of minimum bromine values, 

lower part of profile, Gibson Dome No. 1 core samples.
M66 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Figure no.

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

Halite 

bed

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

13

14

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

25

27

28

29

Less than 

50 ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

50- 100 

ppm

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Greater than 

100 ppm

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

0 50 100 150 200 250

2040

2060-

2080 -

2100-

2120 -

2140 -

LJJ 

LU

 2160 -

CL 

LU 

O

Figure 122. Range of minimum bromine values, lower part of 

profile Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

2180 -

2200-

2220-

2240-

2260-

2280

Halite bed 2

Interbeds

Halite bed 3

-630

- 640

-650

- 660

0) 

CC 

UJ

111

CL 

LU 

Q

- 670

- 680

h690

Figure 124. Base of bromine profile of halite bed 2 (fig. 5) and 

top of profile of halite bed 3 (fig. 6) and relationship to the interbeds between them, Cane Creek No. 1 core.

Figure no.

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

Total

Well

Cane Creek

Shafer

Utah

Elk Ridge

Gibson dome

Lone Dome

Chevron Fed.

Egnar

Less than 

50ppm

.

-

1

-

4

4

1

10

20

50-100 

ppm

3

10

-

5

12

6

10

12

58

Greater than 

100 ppm

1

-

2

-

2

6

11

-

22

Total

4

10

3

5

18

16

22

22

100

Figure 123. Number of bromine profiles and ranges of minimum bromine values, 

lower parts of profiles in each of the wells studied in the Paradox Basin.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M67

Halite 

bed

4

5

6

7

8 

9 

10

11

12 

13 

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

Average bro 

(parts pe

Elk Ridge 

No. 1

-

-

67.4 

92.4

81.5

-

79.6

-

117.9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

mine values 

r million)

Gibson 

Dome No. 1

57.8

84.8

181.4 

105.0

95.9 

115.3 

111.2

-

199.6 

102.9

161.4

138.4

209.3

189.9

155.6

78.5

126.3

-

-

132.6

69.6

85.2

-

-

-

Elk Ride

Gib 

je No. 1 Dome

 ^

 **-

 ^~

-^

son 

No. 1

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 125. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values in the Elk Ridge and Gibson Dome cores and a graphic 

representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two coreholes. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.
M68 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Halite 

bed

4 

5 

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

f^V^IU^W VI V

(parts pe

Gibson 

Dome No. 1

57.8 

84.8 

181.4 

105.0

95.9

115.3

111.2

-

-

199.6

102.9

161.4

138.4

209.3

189.9

155.6

78.5

126.3

-

-

132.6

69.6

85.2

-

-

-

 III 1^7 VUIU^^

r million) 

Shafer No. 1

87.5 

147.3 

135.8 

122.2

99.7

103.3

98.3

95.0

-

191.2

-

-

-

-

Gibson D<

Shafer 

Dme No. 1

 ^-

 ^~

-^ 

^-

^

^_

^

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 126. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values in the Gibson Dome and Shafer cores and a graphic 

representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two coreholes. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M69

Halite 

bed

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Average bromine values 

(parts per million) 

Cane 

Shafer No. 1 Creek No. 1

-

-

87.5

147.3

135.8

122.2

99.7

103.3

98.3

95.0

-

191.2

110.4

107.6

137.3

168.7

Shafer No. 1

Cane 

Creek No. 1

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 127. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values in the Shafer and Cane Creek cores and a graphic 

representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two coreholes. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.

Halite 

bed

1

2 

3 

4

5

Average bromine values 

(parts per million) 

Cane Utah 

Creek No. 1 No. 2

-

110.4 

107.6 

137.3

168.7

112.6

141.7 

158.7

-

Cane 

Creek No. 1

 ^-

Utah No. 2

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 128. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values in the Cane Creek and Utah cores and a graphic 

representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two coreholes. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.
M70 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Halite 

bed

4

5 

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

(parts pe

Lone 

Dome No. 1

-

64.3 

79.5

85.3

105.4

95.2

-

-

101.3

60.6

-

75.0

-

105.9

202.2

145.9

159.8

-

-

137.2

98.2

64.3

150.7

-

-

 MI i\~r vaiu^cr

 million) 

Egnar No. 1

62.6

124.1 

99.6 

75.7

45.3

114.5

96.5

79.0

-

102.8

72.4

-

62.3

77.7

121.6

169.2

123.4

164.0

103.7

85.1

-

57.9

-

149.8

88.8

33.7

Lone Dorne No. 1

 ^~

^

^

^

^

-^

^

 ^

Egnar No. 1

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 129. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values from cuttings in the Lone Dome and Egnar wells and 

a graphic representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two wells. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M71

Halite 

bed

4

5

6

7 

8 

9 

10 

11

12 

13 

14

15

16

17

18

19 

20 

21 

22

23

24 

25 

26 

27 

28

29

f^V\^IUUW Ul\J

(parts pe

Egnar 

No. 1

62.6

124.1

99.6 

75.7 

45.3 

114.5 

96.5 

79.0

102.8 

72.4

-

62.3

77.7

121.6

169.2 

123.4 

164.0 

103.7

85.1

57.9

149.8 

88.8

33.7

1 III 1^ VCIIU^O

r million)

Chevron 

Federal No. 1

70.9

138.7

172.9 

182.2 

121.5 

170.8 

156.1

190.6 

87.7

98.8

80.5

76.5

132.6

169.0 

176.3

195.0

95.7

156.6 

106.5 

102.5 

97.1 

70.7

-

Egnar No. 1 Che 

Feders

^

-^

 t*-

________________ ^

 ^-

 ^> 

 ^

 fr»~

 ^

-^

^

 ^

 ^>

^~

 ^~

^ 

vron 

il No. 1

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 130. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values from cuttings in the Egnar and Chevron Federal wells 

and a graphic representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two wells. Arrows indicate 

direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to amount of increase.
M72 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Halite 

bed

4

5 

6

7 

8 

9 

10 

11

12

13

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19

20 

21 

22

23

24 

25 

26

27

28

29

r-%v^7io.y^ un w

(parts pe

Gibson 

Dome No. 1

57.8

84.8 

181.4 

105.0 

95.9 

115.3 

111.2

-

199.6

102.9 

161.1 

138.4 

209.3 

189.9 

155.6

78.5 

126.3

-

132.6 

69.6 

85.2

-

-

-

HIM 10 vaiuco

r million)

Chevron 

Federal No. 1

70.9

138.7 

172.9 

182.2 

121.5 

170.8 

156.1

-

190.6

87.7 

98.8 

80.5 

76.5 

132.6 

169.0

176.3 

195.0

95.7

156.6 

106.5 

102.5

97.1

70.7

-

Gibson D ame No. 1 Che 

Feder?

_^

 ^

 ^

 ^ 

 ^-

 ^~

-« 

-^~ 

-^ 

 ^ 

^ 

-^ 

 ^

 ^-

 ^-

vron 

il No. 1

Difference of 50 ppm Br

Figure 131. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values in the Gibson Dome core and from cuttings in the Chevron Federal well; and a graphic representation of the lateral bromine gradients in equivalent halite beds between the two wells. 

Arrows indicate direction of bromine increase; length of arrow is proportional to the amount of increase.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M73

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

100 120 140 160 180

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

Grand average 131 ppm

Figure 132. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

in the Cane Creek No. 1 corehole.

CO 

LU

110 120 150 160

Grand average 137.7 ppm

Figure 134. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

in the Utah No. 2 corehole.

0 

LU 

CO 

W

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION 

80 100 120 140 160 180 200

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

3 -

5 -

6 -

7 -

14

Grand average 120 ppm

Figure 133. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

in the Shafer No. 1 corehole.

60 100 110 120 130

18

Grand average 87.8 ppm

Figure 135. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

in the Elk Ridge No. 1 corehole.
M74 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

O 

LU CD

LU

40 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Grand average 126.3 ppm

Figure 136. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

in the Gibson Dome No. 1 corehole.

40 60 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Grand average 108.2 ppm

Figure 137. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

obtained from cuttings in the Lone Dome No. 1 well.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M75

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

60 100 120 140 160 180 200

Grand average 129.5 ppm

Figure 138. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

obtained from cuttings in the Chevron Federal No. 1 well.

20 40 120 140 160 180 

I

Grand average 95.9 ppm

Figure 139. Profile of average bromine content in halite beds 

obtained from cuttings in the Egnar No. 1 well.
M76 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

AVERAGE BROMINE VALUE, 

IN PARTS PER MILLION

40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 MAJOR

POTASH

OCCURRENCE

Figure 140. Profile of average bromine contents of halite beds 

in the Gibson Dome corehole and from cuttings in the Lone 

Dome, Chevron Federal, and Egnar wells. Halite beds containing 

potash are from Hite (1961).
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M77

BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION BROMINE, IN PARTS PER MILLION

U) 

Q 

LU 

CD

LU

O DC

LU 

LU

100

1 -

2 -

3 -

4 -

5 -

6 -

7 -

8 -

9 -

10 -

11 -

12 -

13 -

14 -

15 -

16 -

17 -

18 -

19 -

20

200 300 400 1000 1100 1200 1300 

. I .

1400

r2

-3

-4

-5

U)

Q 

LU 

CD

LU

Q. 

O

O 

DC U.

CO 

DC 

LU

LU

B

Figure 141. Profiles of bromine content in halite (A) and sylvite (B) in the potash ore zone of the halite bed of cycle 5 at the Texas 

gulf potash mine, near Moab, Utah.

APPENDIX DATA TABLES
M80 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 1. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 2, Cane Creek No. 1 core.

Appendix table 1. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 2, Cane Creek No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

1,938.........590.70......

1,940.........591.31......

1,942.........591.92......

1,944.........592.53......

1,946.........593.14......

1,948.........593.75......

1,950.........594.36......

1,952.........594.97......

1,954.........595.58......

1,956.........596.19......

1,958.........596.80......

1,960.........597.41......

1,962.........598.02......

1,964.........598.63......

1,966.........599.24......

1,968.........599.85......

1,970.........600.46......

1,972.........601.07......

1,974.........601.68......

1,976.........602.28......

1,978.........602.89......

1,980.........603.50......

1,982.........604.11......

1,984.........604.72......

1,986.........605.33......

1,988.........605.94......

1,990.........606.55......

1,992.........607.16......

1,994.........607.77......

1,996.........608.38......

1,998.........608.99......

2,000.........609.60......

2,002.........610.21......

2,004.........610.82......

2,006.........611.43......

2,008.........612.04......

2,010.........612.65......

2,012.........613.26......

2,014.........613.87......

2,016.........614.48......

2,018.........615.09......

2,020.........615.70......

2,022.........616.31......

2,024.........616.92......

2,026.........617.52......

2,028.........618.13......

2,030.........618.74......

2,032.........619.35......

2,034.........619.96......

2,036.........620.57......

2,038.........621.18......

2,040.........621.79......

2,042.........622.40......

2,044.........623.01......

.120. 

.148. 

,125. 

,141. 

.141. 

.166. 

,155. 

.175. 

.145. 

.150. 

.145. 

.140. 

.146.

............ 134.0

............ 131.0

............ 135.0

............144.2

............145.6

............155.6

............156.4

............ 158.2

............ 154.0

............ 151.0

............ 145.2

............ 141.2

............ 140.2

125..................... 140.2

............138.4

............. 140.2

............. 153.2

............ 153.4

............ 158.4

,145..............

145..............

131..............

155..............

,190..............

146..................... 159.4

170..................... 153.4

.136.....................141.6

125.....................136.4

.131.....................127.4

120..................... 127.4

,125..................... 123.4

,136..................... 128.4

105..................... 131.4

156..................... 131.4

,135..................... 130.4

125.....................132.4

131..................... 125.2

115..................... 117.2

,120..................... 114.2

...95..................... 113.2

110..................... 112.2

,126..................... 107.4

112.4 

116.4 

118.4 

114.4 

114.2 

108.2 

101.2 

.91.2 

.92.2 

.90.2 

.91.2 

.91.2 

.97.2 

.96.2 

.97.2 

101.0 

106.2

.............110..............

...............96..............

.............120...............

.............130...............

.............136..............

...............90...............

...............95...............

...............90......................

...............95......................

...............86......................

.......95......................

.......85......................

........95......................

........95......................

.....116......................

........90.....................

........90.....................

Depth

(feet)

2,046....

2,048....

2,050....

2,052....

2,054....

2,056....

2,058....

2,060....

2,062.....

2,064....

2,066....,

2,068.....

2,070.....

2,072.....

2,074.....

2,076.....

2,078.....

2,080.....

2,082.....

2,084.....

2,086.....

2,088.....

2,090.....

2,092.....

2,094.....

2,096.....

2,098.....

2,100.....

2,102.....

2,104.....

2,106.....

2,108.....

2,110.....

2,112.....

(meters)

.....623.62..........

.....624.23..........

.....624.84..........

.....625.45..........

.....626.06..........

.....626.67..........

.....627.28..........

.....627.89..........

.....628.50..........

.....629.11..........

.....629.72..........

.....630.33..........

.....630.94..........

.....631.55..........

.....632.16..........

.....632.76..........

....633.37..........

....633.98..........

....634.59..........

....635.20..........

....635.81..........

....636.42..........

....637.03..........

....637.64..........

....638.25..........

....638.86..........

....639.47..........

....640.08..........

....640.69...........

....641.30..........

....641.91...........

....642.52..........

.,.643.13...........

,..643.74.,,,,,

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.........114...........

..........121...........

...........90...........

...........90...........

...........85...........

...........90...........

...........95...........

...........80...........

...........85...........

...........85...........

...........80...........

...........75...........

...........75...........

...........80...........

...........85...........

...........65...........

...........85...........

...........70...........

...........75...........

...........70...........

...........75...........

...........80...........

...........65...........

...........80............

...........85............

...........80............

...........70............

...........80............

...........95............

...........80............

...........95............

.........120............

.........155............

.........180............

........... 101.0

........... 101.0

.......... 100.0

,,,,,,95.2

,,,,,,90.0

,,,,,,88.0

,,,,,,87.0

,,,,,,87.0

,,,,,,85.0

............81.0

,,,,,,80.0

,,,,,,79.0

,,,,,,79.0

,,,,,,76.0

,,,,,,78.0

,,,,,,77.0

,,,,,,76.0

,,,,,,73.0

,,,,,,75.0

,,,,,,74.0

,,,,,,73.0

,,,,,,74.0

,,,,,,77.0

,,,,,,78.0

,,,,,,76.0

,,,,,,79.0

,,,,,,82.0

............81.0

,,,,,,84.0

,.,,,,,94.0

.......... 109.0

.......... 126.0

..........151.7

.......... 167.5

Appendix table 2. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 3, Cane Creek No. 1 core.

(feet)

2,220. 

2,222 

2,224 

2,226 

2,228 

2,230 

2,232 

2,234 

2,236 

2,238 

2.240.

Depth

(meters)

,,,,676.66,,, 

,,,,677.27,,,

,,,,677.88,,,

,,,,678.48,,,

,,,,679.09,,,

,,,,679.70,,,

,,,,680.31,,,

,,,,680.92,,,

,,,,681.53,,,

,,,,682.14,,,

,,,,682.75,,,

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.,,,,,,230.,,,,,,,,,, 

............. 150..... ............... .

............. 125.....................

............. 125.....................

.............123.....................

............. 150.....................

............. 135........ .............

............. 110.... .................

............. 141............ .........

.............142.....................

.............105.....................

190.0 

168.3 

150.6 

134.6 

131.6 

128.6 

131.8 

135.6 

126.6 

123.6 

125.8
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M81

Appendix table 2. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 3, Cane Creek No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 2. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 3, Cane Creek No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

2,242.

2,244.

2,246.

2,248.

2,250.

2,252.

2,254.

2,256.

2,258.

2,260.

2,262.

2,264.

2,266.

2,268.

2,270.

2,272.

2,274.

2,276.

2,278.

2,280.

2,282.

2,284.

2,286.

2,288.

2,290.

2,292.

2,294.

2,296.

2,298.

2,300.

2,302.

2,304.

2,306.

2,308.

2,310.

2,312.

2,314.

2,316.

2,318.

2,320.

2,322.

2,324.

2,326.

2,328.

2,330.

2,332.

2,334.

2,336.

2,338.

2,340.

2,342.

2,344.

2,346.

2,348.

Depth

(meters)

........683.36......

........683.97......

........684.58......

........685.19......

.........685.80......

.........686.41......

.........687.02......

.........687.63......

.........688.24......

......... 688.85. .....

.........689.46......

.........690.07......

....... ..690.68. ... ..

........ 691.29......

........691.90......

......... 692.51......

.........693.12......

........693.72......

.........694.33......

.........694.94......

.........695.55......

.........696.16......

........696.77......

.........697.38......

.........697.99......

......... 698.60.. ....

.........699.21......

.........699.82......

.........700.43......

........701.04......

........701.65......

........702.26......

........702.87......

........703.48......

........704.09......

........704.70......

........705.31......

........705.92......

........706.53......

........707.14......

........707.75......

......... 708.36. .... .

.........708.96......

......... 709.57... .. .

........710.18......

........710.79......

........711.40......

........712.01......

.........712.62......

.........713.23......

.........713.84......

........714.45......

.........715.06......

.........715.67......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.............120.....................

.............121.....................

.............125.....................

.............125.....................

.............120.....................

.............125.....................

.............120.....................

.............117.....................

.............100.....................

.............100.....................

.............145.....................

.............140.....................

.............105.....................

......... ....121. ................... .

.............118.....................

...............95.....................

...............93.....................

.............105.....................

.............131.....................

.............100.....................

.............102.....................

.............105.....................

.............100......................

...............95......................

...............92......................

.............100......................

.............102......................

.............102.....................

.............102.....................

.............110.....................

.............120.....................

............... 91. .............. ......

...............93......................

......... ....101. ........ .............

............ ...91. ........... ..........

...............91. ........... ..........

...............95......................

...............90......................

...............76......................

...............81......................

...............85......................

...............75......................

...............72......................

...............72......................

...............80......................

...............96......................

............... 81........ ...... ........

........... ....81........... ......... ..

...............95......................

.............120......................

...............86......................

...............89......................

...............76......................

.............112......................

122.6

119.2

122.2

123.2

123.0

121.4

116.4

112.4

116.4

120.4

118.0

122.2

125.8

115.8

106.4

106.4

108.4

104.8

106.2

108.6

107.6

100.4

.98.8

.98.4

.97.8

.98.2

.99.6

103.2

107.2

105.0

103.2

103.0

.99.2

.93.4

.94.2

.93.6

.88.6

.86.6

.85.4

.81.4

.77.8

.77.0

.76.8

.79.0

.80.2

.82.0

.86.6

.94.6

.92.6

.94.2

.93.2

.96.6

.92.6

.93.4

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,350.........716.28.

2,352.........716.89.

.100..................... 100.7

...90....................... 95.0

Appendix table 3. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Cane Creek No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet)

2,460....

2,462....

2,464....

2,466....

2,468....

2,470.....

2,472....

2,474....

2,476....

2,478.....

2,480.....

2,482....,

2,484.....

2,486.....

2,488.....

2,490.....

2,492.....

2,494.....

2,496.....

2,498.....

2,500.....

2,502.....

2,504.....

2,506.....

2,508.....

2,510.....

2,512.....

2,514.....

2,516.....

2,518.....

2,520.....

2,522.....

2,524.....

2,526.....

2,528.....

2,530.....

2,532.....

2,534.....

2,536.....

2,538.....

2,540.....

2,542.....

2,544.....

(meters)

.....749.81.........

.....750.42.........

.....751.03.........

.....751.64.........

.....752.25.........

.....752.86.........

.....753.47.........

.....754.08.........

.....754.68.........

.....755.29.........

.....755.90..........

.....756.51..........

.....757.12..........

.....757.73..........

....758.34.........

....758.95..........

....759.56..........

....760.17..........

....760.78..........

....761.39..........

....762.00..........

....762.61..........

....763.22..........

....763.83..........

....764.44..........

....765.05..........

....765.66..........

....766.27..........

....766.88..........

....767.49..........

....768.10..........

....768.71..........

....769.32..........

....769.92..........

....770.53..........

....771.14..........

....771.75..........

....772.36..........

....772.97..........

....773.58..........

....774.19..........

....774.80..........

....775.41..........

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

..........194...........

..........187...........

..........175...........

..........175...........

..........170...........

..........125...........

..........160...........

..........180...........

..........128...........

..........170...........

..........160...........

..........130...........

..........145...........

..........160...........

..........125...........

..........135...........

..........150...........

..........125...........

.........150...........

.........135...........

.........145...........

.........135...........

.........160...........

.........150...........

.........150...........

.........135...........

.........160...........

.........135...........

.........150...........

.........160...........

.........180...........

.........160...........

.........165...........

.........125...........

......... 140... ........

.........150...........

.........150...........

.........155...........

.........135...........

.........125...........

.........155...........

.........135...........

.........155...........

.......... 190.5

........... 185.3

.......... 180.2

..........166.4

..........161.0

.......... 162.0

.......... 152.6

.......... 152.6

..........159.6

..........153.6

..........146.6

..........153.0

..........144.0

..........139.0

.......... 143.0

..........139.0

.......... 137.0

..........139.0

..........141.0

.......... 138.0

..........145.0

.......... 145.0

.......... 148.0

.......... 146.0

..........151.0

.......... 146.0

.......... 146.0

..........148.0

.......... 157.0

.......... 157.0

..........163.0

..........158.0

.......... 154.0

..........148.0

.......... 146.0

.......... 144.0

.......... 146.0

..........143.0

.......... 144.0

..........141.0

..........141.0

.......... 143.0

..........149.0
M82 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 3. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Cane Creek No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 4. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Cane Creek No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,546.........776.02.

2,548.........776.63.

2,550.........777.24.

2,552.........777.85.

2,554.........778.46.

2,556.........779.07.

2,558.........779.68.

2,560.........780.29.

2,562.........780.90.

2,564.........781.51.

2,566.........782.12.

2,568.........782.73.

2,570.........783.34.

2,572.........783.95.

2,574.........784.56.

2,576.........785.16.

2,578.........785.77.

2,580.........786.38.

2,582.........786.99.

2,584.........787.60.

2,586.........788.21.

2,588.........788.82.

2,590.........789.43.

2,592.........790.04.

2,594.........790.65.

2,596.........791.26.

2,598.........791.87.

2,600.........792.48.

2,602.........793.09.

2,604.........793.70.

2,606.........794.31.

2,608.........794.92.

2,610.........795.53.

2,612.........796.14.

2,614.........796.75.

2,616.........797.36.

2,618.........797.97.

2,620.........798.58.

2,622.........799.19.

2,624.........799.80.

2,626.........800.40.

2,628.........801.01.

2,630.........801.62.

2,632.........802.23.

2,634.........802.84.

2,636.........803.45.

2,638.........804.06.

2,640.........804.67.

.145. 

.155. 

.130. 

.175. 

.140. 

.140. 

.140. 

.145. 

.160. 

.120. 

.130. 

.160. 

.120. 

.145. 

.135. 

.100. 

.135. 

.120. 

.105. 

.120. 

.135. 

.120. 

.100. 

.125. 

.120. 

.115. 

.115. 

.100. 

.115. 

.105. 

.125. 

.120. 

.120., 

.105.. 

,100., 

,110.. 

,..85.. 

.115., 

,136.. 

.125.. 

...90.. 

.136., 

.125., 

.125. 

.115., 

.145.. 

.125. 

.130.

144.0

152.0

149.0

148.0

145.0

148.0

145.0

141.0

139.0

143.0

138.0

135.0

138.0

132.0

127.0

127.0

119.0

116.0

123.0

120.0

116.0

120.0

120.0

116.0

115.0

115.0

113.0

110.0

112.0

113.0

117.0

115.0

114.0

111.0

104.0

103.0

109.2

114.2

110.2

120.4

122.4

120.2

118.2

129.2

127.0

128.0

133.3

127.5

.2,694. 

2,696. 

2,698. 

2,700. 

2,702. 

2,704. 

2,706. 

2,708. 

2,710. 

2,712. 

2,714. 

2,716. 

2,718. 

2,720. 

2,722. 

2,724. 

2,726. 

2,728. 

2,730. 

2,732. 

2,734. 

2,736. 

2,738. 

2,740. 

2,742., 

2,744.. 

2,746.. 

2,748.. 

2,750.. 

2,752., 

2,754.. 

2,756.. 

2,758.. 

2,760.. 

2,762.. 

2,764.. 

2,766.. 

2,768.. 

2,770.. 

2,772.. 

2,774.. 

2,776.. 

2,778.. 

2,780.. 

2,782.. 

2,784.. 

2,786.. 

2,788.. 

2,790.. 

2,792.. 

2,794.. 

2,796.. 

2,798.. 

2,800..

.821.13. 

.821.74. 

.822.35. 

.822.96. 

.823.57. 

.824.18. 

.824.79. 

.825.40. 

.826.01. 

.826.62. 

.827.23. 

.827.84. 

.828.45. 

.829.06. 

.829.67. 

.830.28. 

.830.88. 

.831.49. 

.832.10. 

.832.71. 

.833.32. 

.833.93. 

.834.54. 

.835.15. 

.835.76. 

.836.37. 

.836.98. 

.837.59. 

.838.20. 

.838.81. 

.839.42. 

.840.03. 

.840.64. 

.841.25. 

.841.86. 

.842.47. 

.843.08. 

.843.69. 

.844.30. 

.844.91. 

.845.52. 

.846.12. 

.846.73. 

.847.34. 

.847.95. 

.848.56. 

.849.17. 

.849.78. 

.850.39. 

.851.00. 

.851.61. 

.852.22. 

.852.83. 

.853.44.

.365..................... 312.5

.260..................... 260.0

.257.....................255.7

.250.....................265.4

.300.....................265.4

.260.....................265.6

.260.....................267.6

.258.....................261.6

.260.....................248.6

.270..................... 237.8

.195.....................222.2

.206.....................215.4

.180.....................201.4

.226..................... 203.0

.200.....................211.0

.203.....................207.0

............ 195.8

............ 187.8

............ 182.2

............ 167.0

............ 165.0

............ 166.0

............ 159.0

............159.0

............154.0

............152.0

............ 138.0

............142.0

............130.0

............ 126.0

............ 120.8

............ 131.0

............ 125.0

156..................... 127.2

............ 123.2

............ 127.8

............ 120.6

............ 125.8

............ 120.6

............ 124.6

............ 117.2

............ 121.2

.246. 

.160. 

.170. 

.160. 

.175. 

.170. 

.150. 

.175. 

.125. 

.175. 

.145. 

.140. 

.105. 

.145. 

.115. 

.125. 

.114.

.115.............

.126.............

105.............

137.............

120.............

.141.............

.100.............

. 125.............

.100..................... 117.0

140..................... 123.4

120..................... 122.4

.132..................... 131.4

.120..................... 127.4

............ 127.4

............ 122.0

............126.2

............ 125.4

............125.4

............122.4

............135.4

145.

120.

120.

105.

141.

141.

120.
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M83

Appendix table 4. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Cane Creek No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 7. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,802.........854.05.

2,804.........854.66.

105.

170.

131.7

137.5

Appendix table 5. Bromine data for the halite of cycle 2 

(upper part), Shafer No. 1 core.

(feet)

2,230 

2,232 

2,234 

2,236 

2,238 

2,240 

2,242 

2,244 

2,246 

2,248 

2,250 

2,252 

2,254 

2,256.

Depth

(meters)

.........679.70......

.........680.31......

.........680.92......

.........681.53......

......... 682.14. .....

.........682.75......

.........683.36......

.........683.97......

.........684.58......

.........685.19......

......... 685.80. ... ..

.........686.41......

.........687.02......

.........687.63......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

...............29.9....................

...............70.4....................

...............86.6....................

...............78.5....................

...............86.6....................

...............74.5....................

...............82.6....................

...............86.6....................

...............74.5....................

...............78.5....................

...............78.5....................

...............78.5....................

...............74.5....................

...............74.5....................

50.15 

62.30 

70.40 

79.32 

81.76 

81.76 

80.96 

79.34 

80.14 

79.32 

76.90 

76.90 

75.83 

74.50

Appendix table 6. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 3 (lower part), Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,456.........748.59.

2,458.........749.20.

2,460.........749.81.

2,462.........750.42.

2,464.........751.03.

2,466.........751.64.

2,468.........752.25.

2,470.........752.86.

2,472.........753.47.

2,474.........754.08.

2,476.........754.68.

2,480.........755.90.

2,482.........756.51.

2,484.........757.12.

2,486.........757.73.

2,488.........758.34.

2,490.........758.95.

2,492.........759.56.

2,494.........760.17.

2,496.........760.78.

2,498.........761.39.

102.8.................. 102.80

102.8.................. 101.47

...........99.58

...........98.78

...........97.98

...........97.16

...........94.72

...........92.30

...........90.68

...........88.24

...98.8............

..98.8............

..94.7............

...98.8............

...98.8............

..94.7............

..86.6............

... 82.6............

...90.7....................87.44

...86.6.................... 88.26

...90.7....................89.88

...90.7....................88.26

...90.7....................90.70

...82.6....................91.50

...98.8....................93.92

...94.7....................96.34

.102.8.................... 97.96

.102.8....................98.77

...90.7....................96.75

2,590. 

2,592. 

2,594. 

2,596. 

2,598. 

2,600. 

2,602. 

2,604. 

2,606. 

2,608. 

2,610. 

2,612. 

2,614. 

2,616.

.789.43. 

.790.04. 

.790.65. 

.791.26. 

.791.87. 

.792.48. 

.793.09. 

.793.70. 

.794.31. 

.794.92. 

.795.53. 

.796.14. 

.796.75. 

.797.36.

...98.8....................96.75

...94.7....................93.37

...86.6....................88.24

...82.6....................85.00

...78.5....................79.34

...82.6....................75.30

...66.4.................... 75.30

...66.4....................76.92

...82.6....................76.10

...86.6.................... 81.76

...78.5....................93.10

...94.7....................97.14

.123.1.................. 106.87

102.8.................. 112.95

Appendix table 8. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,656.........809.55......

2,658.........810.16......

2,660.........810.77......

2,662.........811.38......

2,664.........811.99......

2,666.........812.60......

2,668.........813.21

2,670.........813.82

2,672.........814.43......

2,674.........815.04......

2,676.........815.64......

2,678.........816.25......

2,680.........816.86......

2,682.........817.47......

2,684.........818.08......

2,686.........818.69......

2,688.........819.30......

2,690.........819.91 ......

2,692.........820.52......

2,694.........821.13 ......

............. 131.2................... 149.40

............. 167.6................... 158.17

............. 175.7................... 163.58

............. 171.7................... 172.48

............. 171.7................... 172.48

............. 175.7................... 184.64

.....167.6................... 200.84

.....236.5................... 205.70

............. 252.7................... 206.52

............. 196......................212.20

............. 179.8................... 201.66

............. 196...................... 190.32

............. 183.8................... 187.08

............. 196...................... 187.88

............. 179.8................... 184.64

............. 183.8................... 189.50

............. 179.8................... 189.50

............. 208.1................... 188.68

............. 196...................... 187.06

............. 175.7................... 187.86
M84 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 8. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 8. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,696

2,698

2,700

2,702

2,704

2,706

2,708

2,710

2,712

2,714

2,716

2,718

2,720

2,722

2,724

2,726

2,728

2,730

2,732

2,734

2,736

2,738

2,740

2,742

2,744

2,746

2,748

2,750

2,752

2,754

2,756

2,758

2,760

2,762

2,764

2,766

2,768

2,770

2,772

2,774

2,776

2,778

2,780

2,782

2,784

2,786

2,788

2,790

2,792

2,794

2,796

2,798

2,800

2,802

.........821.74

.........822.35

.........822.96

.........823.57

.........824.18

.........824.79,

.........825.40,

.........826.01,

.........826.62,

.........827.23.

.........827.84.

.........828.45.

.........829.06.

.........829.67.

.........830.28.

.........830.88.

.........831.49.

.........832.10.

.........832.71.

.........833.32.

.........833.93.

.........834.54.

.........835.15.

.........835.76.

.........836.37.

.........836.98.

.........837.59.

.........838.20.

.........838.81.

.........839.42.

.........840.03.

.........840.64.

.........841.25.

.........841.86.

.........842.47.

.........843.08.

.........843.69.

.........844.30.

.........844.91.

.........845.52.

.........846.12.

.........846.73.

.........847.34.

.........847.95.

.........848.56.

........849.17.

........849.78.

,,,,.850.39. 

,,,,.851.00. 

.,,,,851.61. 

.,,,,852.22. 

.,,,,852.83. 

.,,,,853.44. 

.,,,,854.05.

.175.7,,,,,,,,,. 179.76 

.183.8.,,,,,,,,, 170.84 

.167.6.,,,,,,,,, 170.84 

. 151.4................... 169.22

.175.7................... 169.22

.167.6,,,,,,,,,. 172.46 

. 183.8................... 178.14

.183.8,,,,.,,,,, 176.52 

. 179.8.,,,,,,,,, 175.72 

.167.6................... 170.86

. 163.6.,,,,,,,,, 166.82 

. 159.5,,,,,,,,,. 161.96 

. 163.6.,,,,,,,,, 159.54 

. 155.5,,,,,,,,,. 159.54 

.155.5.,,,,,,,,, 158.74 

.163.6................... 161.98

. 155.5,,,,,,....... 161.16

. 179.8,,,,.,,,,, 163.58 

.151.4,,,,,,,,,. 161.96 

.167.6.,,,,,,,,, 161.96 

.155.5.,,,,,,,,, 155.48 

.155.5.,,,,,,,,, 156.30 

, 147.4................... 151.44

, 155.5,,,,,,,,,. 153.80 

, 143.3................... 152.18

, 167.3................... 151.36

, 147.4,,,,,,,,,. 148.92 

.143.3................... 148.12

,143.3.,,,,,,,,, 143.32 

139.3.,,,,,,,,, 143.32 

143.3.,,,,,,,,, 143.32 

147.4.,,,,.,,,,. 143.32 

143.3................... 148.18

143.3,,,,,,,,,. 163.58

163.6.,,,,,,,,, 174.90

.220.3................... 183.82

204,,,,,,.......... 184.64

187.9.,,,,,,,,, 181.40

147.4.,,,,,,,,, 174.10

.147.4................... 170.06

183.8,,,,,,,,,. 159.52 

183.8................... 161.14

135.2,,,,,,,,,. 163.56 

.155.5................... 149.80

159.5,,,,,,,,., 140.08 

115...................... 138.46

135.2,,,,.,,,,, 131.16 

.127.1................... 124.26

119,,,,,,,,,,,127.50 

125...................... 129.94

131.2................... 130.76

147.4,,,,.,,,,, 130.76 

.131.2................... 132.00

119,.................. ,130.38

2,804. 

2,806. 

2,808. 

2,810. 

2,812. 

2,814. 

2,816. 

2,818. 

2,820. 

2,822. 

2,824. 

2,826. 

2,828. 

2,830. 

2,832. 

2,834. 

2,836. 

2,838. 

2,840. 

2,842. 

2,844. 

2,846. 

2,848. 

2,850. 

2,852. 

2,854. 

2,856. 

2,858. 

2,860. 

2,862. 

2,864. 

2,866. 

2,868.

.854.66, 

,.855.27., 

.855.88, 

,.856.49, 

.857.10, 

.857.71, 

.858.32, 

.858.93, 

.859.54, 

.860.15, 

.860.76, 

.861.36, 

.861.97, 

.862.58, 

.863.19, 

.863.80, 

.864.41, 

.865.02, 

.865.63, 

.866.24, 

.866.85, 

.867.46, 

.868.07, 

.868.68, 

.869.29, 

.869.90, 

.870.51, 

.871.12, 

.871.73, 

.872.34, 

.872.95, 

.873.56, 

.874.17,

.131.2.,,,,,,,,, 122.28 

.123.1................... 118.22

.106.9................... 117.42

.110.9................... 114.18

.115...................... 110.94

. 115...................... 111.74

. 106.9,,,,,,,,,. 110.94 

. 110.9,,,,,,,,,. 112.56 

. 106.9................... 110.94

. 123.1.,,,,,,,,, 110.94 

.106.9,,,,,,,,,. 110.14 

.106.9................... 108.52

. 106.9,,,,,,,,,. 103.66 

.,98.8.,,,,,,,,, 102.04 

,.98.8.,,,,,,,,, 101.22 

...98.8..................... 98.78

. 102.8.,,,,,,,,,, 97.96 

...94.7..................... 95.52

...94.7..................... 92.28

...86.6..................... 88.24

...82.6..................... 85.00

...82.6..................... 85.82

...78.5..................... 85.82

...98.8..................... 91.48

...86.6..................... 91.48

.110.9,,,,,,,,,,.97.16 

...82.6..................... 98.78

, 106.9................... 110.12

.106.9................... 119.04

143.3,,,,,,,,,. 143.34 

.155.5................... 147.38

204.1,,,,,,,,,. 162.23 

127.1............. ,,,165.60

Appendix table 9. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,968

2,970

2,972

2,974

2,976

2,978

2,980

2,982

2,984

2,986

2,988

2,990

.,,,,904.65, 

,,,,.905.26, 

,,,,.905.87, 

.,,,,906.48, 

,,,,.907.08. 

,,,,.907.69. 

.,,,,908.30. 

.,,,,908.91. 

.,,,,909.52, 

.,,,,910.13. 

.,,,,910.74. 

.,,,,911.35.

.......... ,,225.3,................. 186.20

.............. 147.1................... 194.23

.............. 210.3.,,,,,,,,, 197.66

.............. 202.8................... 205.30

.............. 202.8................... 202.80
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M85

Appendix table 9. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, ShaferNo. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 9. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

2,992.........911.96

2,994.........912.57

2,996.........913.18

2,998.........913.79

3,000.........914.40

3,002.........915.01,

3,004.........915.62,

3,006.........916.23.

3,008.........916.84,

3,010.........917.45,

3,012.........918.06.

3,014.........918.67.

3,016.........919.28.

3,018.........919.89.

3,020.........920.50.

3,022.........921.11,

3,024.........921.72.

3,026.........922.32.

3,028.........922.93.

3,030.........923.54.

3,032.........924.15,

3,034.........924.76.

3,036.........925.37.

3,038.........925.98.

3,040.........926.59.

3,042.........927.20.

3,044.........927.81.

3,046.........928.42.

3,048.........929.03.

3,050.........929.64.

3,052.........930.25.

3,054.........930.86.

3,056.........931.47.

3,058.........932.08.

3,060.........932.69.

3,062.........933.30.

3,064.........933.91 .

3,066.........934.52.

3,068.........935.13.

3,070.........935.74.

3,072.........936.35.

3,074.........936.96.

3,076.........937.56.

3,078.........938.17.

3,080.........938.78.

3,082.........939.39.

3,084.........940.00.

3,086.........940.61.

3,088.........941.22.

3,090.........941.83.

3,092.........942.44.

3,094.........943.05.

3,096.........943.66.

3,098.........944.27.

210.3................... 202.85

195.4................... 196.67

184.3................... 181.30

191.7................... 177.58

124.8................... 161.22

191.7................... 161.22

113.6................... 161.22

184.3................... 158.24

191.7................... 157.50

109.9................... 157.50

188...................... 153.78

113.6................... 153.78

165.7................... 169.40

191.7................... 164.94

188...................... 166.42

165.7................... 151.54

121...................... 141.88

..91.3................... 124.78

143.4................... 123.28

102.5................... 124.78

158.2................... 141.14

128.5................... 147.82

173.1................... 158.22

176.8................... 161.94

154.5................... 156.74

176.8................... 156.00

102.5................... 147.08

169.4................... 142.62

132.2................... 128.50

132.2................... 128.50

106.2................... 115.86

102.5................... 118.84

106.2................... 121.08

147.1................... 120.34

143.4................... 127.02

102.5................... 133.70

135.9................... 125.52

139.6................... 120.30

106.2................... 126.98

117.3................... 124.76

135.9................... 129.98

124.8................... 133.70

165.7................... 143.38

124.8................... 146.36

165.7................... 153.04

150.8................... 147.08

158.2................... 148.56

135.9................... 153.76

132.2................... 163.42

191.7................... 164.16

199.1................... 174.58

3,100.........944.88......

3,102.........945.49......

3,104.........946.10......

3,106.........946.71......

3,108.........947.32......

3,110.........947.93 ......

3,112.........948.54......

3,114.........949.15......

3,116.........949.76......

3,118.........950.37......

3,120.........950.98......

3,122.........951.59 ......

3,124.........952.20......

3,126.........952.80 ......

3,128.........953.41......

3,130.........954.02......

3,132.........954.63 ......

3,134.........955.24......

3,136.........955.85 ......

3,138.........956.46 ......

3,140.........957.07......

3,142.........957.68......

3,144.........958.29 ......

3,146.........958.90......

3,148.........959.51 ......

3,150.........960.12......

3,152.........960.73 ......

3,154.........961.34......

3,156.........961.95......

3,158.........962.56......

3,160.........963.17......

3,162.........963.78......

3,164.........964.39......

3,166.........965.00......

3,168.........965.61 ......

3,170.........966.22......

3,172.........966.83......

3,174.........967.44......

3,176.........968.04......

3,178.........968.65 ......

3,180.........969.26......

3,182.........969.87......

3,184.........970.48......

3,186.........971.09......

3,188.........971.70 ......

3,190.........972.31......

3,192.........972.92......

3,194.........973.53 ......

3,196.........974.14......

3,198.........974.75......

3,200.........975.36......

3,202.........975.97......

3,204.........976.58......

3,206.........977.19......

.....161.9................... 183.50

..... 188...................... 176.80

..... 176.8................... 176.06

..... 158.2................... 194.66

..... 195.4................... 181.26

.....254.9................... 178.28

.....121...................... 180.52

..... 161.9................... 173.08

..... 169.4................... 161.92

.....158.2................... 159.70

..... 199.1................... 159.70

..... 109.9................... 156.72

.....161.9................... 153.76

.....154.5................... 141.12

.....143.4................... 150.78

.....135.9................... 148.56

.....158.2................... 169.38

.....150.8................... 183.50

.....258.6................... 186.48

.....214...................... 182.02

..... 150.8................... 192.42

.....135.9................... 174.58

............. 202.8................... 161.94

..... 169.4................... 163.42

..... 150.8................... 164.16

..... 158.2................... 153.02

.....139.6................... 143.34

.....147.1................... 138.14

..... 121...................... 136.66

.....124.8................... 136.66

............. 150.8................... 136.66

............. 139.6................... 141.14

............. 147.1................... 162.70

............. 143.4................... 151.54

.............232.6................... 148.58

............... 95...................... 144.86

............. 124.8................... 145.60

............. 128.5................... 125.52

............. 147.1................... 149.32

............. 132.2................... 148.56

.............214...................... 146.32

............. 121...................... 141.10

............. 117.3................... 137.38

............. 121...................... 118.04

............. 113.6................... 116.56

............. 117.3................... 115.82

............. 113.6................... 115.82

............. 113.6................... 116.56

............. 121...................... 116.56

............. 117.3................... 121.76

............. 117.3................... 121.76

............. 139.6................... 119.48

............. 113.6................... 115.02

............. 109.6................... 112.06
M86 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 9. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 10. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

3,208.........977.80,

3,210.........978.41,

3,212.........979.02,

3,214.........979.63.

3,216.........980.24.

3,218.........980.85.

3,220.........981.46.

3,222.........982.07.

3,224.........982.68.

3,226.........983.28.

3,228.........983.89.

3,230.........984.50.

3,232.........985.11.

3,234.........985.72.

3,236.........986.33.

3,238.........986.94.

3,240.........987.55.

3,242.........988.16.

3,244.........988.77.

3,246.........989.38.

3,248.........989.99.

3,250.........990.60.

3,252.........991.21.

3,254.........991.82.

3,256.........992.43.

3,258.........993.04.

3,260.........993.65.

3,262.........994.26.

3,264.........994.87.

3,266.........995.48.

3,268.........996.09.

3,270.........996.70.

3,272.........997.31.

3,274.........997.92.

3,276.........998.52.

3,278.........999.13.

3,280.........999.74.

..95...................... 103.14

102.5................... 103.88

..95...................... 110.64

117.3................... 109.90

143.4................... 109.14

..91.3................... 109.14

..98.7................... 107.66

..95........................ 97.24

109.9..................... 97.24

..91.3.....................97.24

..91.3..................... 95.76

..98.7.....................89.06

..87.6.....................88.32

..76.4..................... 86.84

..87.6..................... 83.88

..83.9..................... 84.62

..83.9..................... 88.34

..91.3..................... 86.84

..95........................ 86.08

..80.1..................... 85.32

..80.1.....................84.58

..80.1..................... 83.10

..87.6..................... 83.86

..87.6..................... 83.86

..83.9..................... 86.84

..80.1..................... 86.10

..95........................ 83.86

..83.9..................... 80.14

..76.4..................... 81.64

..65.3..................... 77.92

..87.6..................... 79.40

..76.4..................... 77.92

..91.3..................... 83.12

..69........................ 80.14

..91.3..................... 76.42

..72.7..................... 73.93

..57.8..................... 65.25

Appendix table 10. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Shafer No. 1 core.

(feet)

3,320

3,322

3,324

3,326

3,328

3,330

3,332

3,334

3,336

3,338

3,340

3,342

3,344

3,346

3,348

3,350

3,352

3,354

3,356

3,358

3,360

3,362

3,364

3,366

3,368

3,370

3,372

3,374

3,376

3,378

3,380

3,382

3,384

3,386

3,388

3,390

3,392

3,394

3,396

3,398

3,400

3,402

Depth

(meters)

......1,011.94......

......1,012.55......

......1,013.16......

......1,013.76......

......1,014.37......

......1,014.98......

......1,015.59......

......1,016.20......

......1,016.81......

......1,017.42......

......1,018.03......

......1,018.64......

......1,019.25......

......1,019.86......

......1,020.47......

......1,021.08......

......1,021.69......

......1,022.30......

......1,022.91......

......1,023.52......

......1,024.13......

......1,024.74......

......1,025.35......

......1,025.96......

......1,026.57......

......1,027.18......

......1,027.79......

......1,028.40......

......1,029.00......

......1,029.61......

......1,030.22......

......1,030.83......

......1,031.44......

......1,032.05......

......1,032.66......

......1,033.27......

......1,033.88......

......1,034.49......

......1,035.10......

......1,035.71......

......1,036.32......

......1,036.93......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

............. 161.9.........

.............262.3.........

.............206.6.........

............. 176.8.........

............. 147.1.........

............. 143.4.........

............. 176.8.........

............. 150.8.........

............. 106.2.........

............. 161.9.........

............. 165.7.........

............. 173.1.........

............. 165.7.........

............. 139.6.........

............. 128.5.........

............. 121............

............. 132.2.........

............. 117.3.........

............. 113.6.........

............. 117.3.........

...............87.6.........

...............83.9.........

............... 95............

............... 95............

............... 83.9.........

............... 87.6.........

...............91.3.........

...............91.3.........

............. 102.5.........

...............98.7.........

............... 80.1.........

...............76.4..........

...............80.1..........

...............76.4..........

............. 109.9.........

...............83.9..........

............... 80.1..........

............... 76.4..........

............... 80.1..........

............... 83.9.........

...............83.9..........

...............95............

.......... 182.02

.......... 190.20

.......... 190.94

.......... 187.24

.......... 170.14

.......... 158.98

.......... 144.86

.......... 147.82

.......... 152.28

.......... 151.54

.......... 154.52

.......... 161.20

.......... 154.52

.......... 145.58

.......... 137.40

.......... 127.72

.......... 122.52

.......... 120.28

.......... 113.60

.......... 103.94

............99.48

...........95.76

............89.08

,,,,,,89.08

,,,,,,90.56

,,,,,,89.82

,,,,,,91.32

,,,,,,94.28

,,,,,,92.78

............89.80

,,,,,,87.56

,,,,,,82.34

............84.58

............85.34

,.,,,,,86.08

,,,,,,85.34

,,,,,,86.08

............80.88

,,,,,,80.88

,,,,,,83.86

,,,,,,87.60

,,,,,,89.45

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

3,304......1,007.06......

3,306......1,007.67......

3,308......1,008.28......

3,310......1,008.89......

3,312......1,009.50......

3,314......1,010.11 ......

3,316......1,010.72......

3,318......1,011.33 ......

............. 165.7................... 163.80

............. 161.9................... 152.03

............. 128.5................... 144.10

............. 113.6................... 135.16

............. 150.8................... 129.96

............. 121...................... 132.94

............. 135.9................... 142.60

............. 143.4................... 164.90

Appendix table 11. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

3,412......1,039.98,

3,414...... 1,040.59,

3,416......1,041.20.

106.2................... 115.50

124.8................... 109.90

..98.7................... 112.86
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M87

Appendix table 11. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 12. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet)

3,418......

3,420......

3,422......

3,424......

3,426......

3,428......

3,430......

3,432......

3,434......

3,436......

3,438......

3,440......

3,442......

3,444......

3,446......

3,448......

3,450......

3,452......

3,454......

3,456......

3,458......

3,460......

3,462......

3,464......

3,466......

3,468......]

3,470......]

3,472......]

3,474......]

3,476......

3,478......

3,480......]

3,482......]

(meters)

,041.81..........

1,042.42..........

,043.03..........

1,043.64..........

1,044.24..........

1,044.85..........

,045.46..........

,046.07..........

,046.68..........

,047.29..........

,047.90..........

,048.51..........

,049.12..........

,049.73..........

,050.34..........

,050.95..........

,051.56..........

,052.17..........

,052.78..........

,053.39..........

,054.00..........

,054.61..........

,055.22..........

,055.83..........

1,056.44..........

,057.05..........

,057.66..........

,058.27..........

,058.88..........

,059.48..........

1,060.09..........

,060.70..........

,061.31 ..........

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

......... 121

......... 113

......... 132

......... 117

......... 135

......... 135

......... 147

......... 121

......... 121

......... 124

......... 106

......... 102

........ 102

........ 102

........ 106

..........98

..........95

..........80

...........87

..........91

..........87

.......... 80

.......... 65

........... 69

..........69

..........72

..........61

..........72

..........69

..........72

..........83

..........98

..........76

6...................

2...................

3...................

9...................

9...................

1...................

8...................

2...................

5..... ..............

5...................

5...................

2...................

7....................

1....................

6....................

3....................

6....................

1....................

3....................

7....................

6....................

7....................

7....................

9....................

7....................

4....................

118.06

116.56

124.00

126.98

133.68

131.44

132.18

129.96

124.02

115.10

111.40

107.70

103.98

102.48

100.98

96.50

93.52

.90.54

88.32

85.34

82.38

78.66

74.20

71.22

67.52

69.00

69.00

69.74

71.98

79.40

80.14

86.33

87.55

Appendix table 12. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Shafer No. 1 core.

(feet)

3,530 

3,532 

3,534 

3,536 

3,538 

3,540 

3,542 

3,544 

3,546 

3,548 

3,550 

3,552

Depth

(meters)

......1,075.94......

......1,076.55......

......1,077.16......

......1,077.77......

......1,078.38......

...... 1,078.99 ..... .

......1,079.60......

......1,080.21......

......1,080.82......

......1,081.43......

......1,082.04......

......1,082.65......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

............. 154............

............. 153............

............. 152............

............. 150............

............. 150............

............. 150............

............. 138............

............. 166............

............. 182............

............. 126............

............. 176............

............. 161............

.......... 153.50

.......... 153.00

.......... 151.80

.......... 151.00

.......... 148.00

.......... 150.80

.......... 157.20

.......... 152.40

.......... 157.60

.......... 162.20

.......... 161.80

.......... 154.60

Deoth

(feet)

3,554...

3,556...

3,557...

3,559...

3,561...

3,563...

3,565...

3,567...

3,569...

3,571...

3,573...

3,575...

3,576...

3,578...

3,580...

3,582...

3,584...

3,586...

3,588...

3,590...

3,592...

3,594...

3,596...

3,598...

3,600...

3,602...

3,604...

3,606...

3,608...

3,610...

3,612...

3,614...

3,616...

3,618...

3,620...

3,622...

3,624...

3,626...

3,628...

3,630...

3,632...

3,634...

3,636...

3,638...

3,640...

3,642...

3,644...

3,646...

3,648...

3,650...

3,652...

3,654...

3,656...

3,658...

(meters)

...1,083.26..........

...1,083.87..........

...1,084.17..........

...1,084.78..........

...1,085.39..........

... 1,086.00 ....... ...

...1,086.61 ....... ...

...1,087.22..........

... 1,087.83 ........ ..

...1,088.44..........

... 1,089.05 ..........

...1,089.66..........

... 1,089.96.. ....... .

... 1,090.57.. ....... .

... 1,091. 18. ....... ..

...1,091.79..........

...1,092.40..........

...1,093.01..........

...1,093.62..........

...1,094.23..........

...1,094.84..........

...1,095.45..........

...1,096.06..........

...1,096.67..........

...1,097.28..........

...1,097.89 ..........

...1,098.50..........

...1,099.11..........

...1,099.72..........

...1,100.33..........

...1,100.94 ..........

... 1,101.55 ..........

...1,102.16..........

... 1,102.77 ....... ...

... 1,103.38 ...... ....

...1,103.99..........

...1,104.60..........

...1,105.20..........

...1,105.81..........

...1,106.42..........

...1,107.03..........

...1,107.64..........

...1,108.25..........

...1,108.86..........

... 1,109.47 ......... .

...1,110.08..........

...1,110.69..........

...1,111.30..........

... 1,111.91 ...... ....

...1,112.52..........

...1,113.13..........

...1,113.74..........

...1,114.35..........

...1,114.96..........

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.......... 164.............

.......... 146.............

.......... 168.............

.......... 172.............

.......... 141.............

......... 141.............

......... 145.............

......... 146.............

......... 141.............

......... 132.............

......... 119.............

......... 114.............

......... 109.............

......... 123.............

......... 105.............

........... 72.............

......... 103.............

......... 103.............

........... 93. .... ........

...........94.............

........... 71.............

...........95.............

...........83.9..........

......... ..87.6... .......

......... 117.3..........

...........87.6..........

...........87.6..........

...........76.4..........

........... 87.6..........

...........76.4..........

...........69.............

........... 83.9..........

........... 69.............

........... 76.4..........

...........83.9..........

........... 83.9..........

........... 80.1....... ...

........... 91.3..........

........... 76.4..........

......... ..83.9.. ...... ..

...........72.7..........

........... 83.9..........

...........57.8..........

........... 83.9..........

...........76.4..........

...........83.9..........

...........80.1..........

........... 72.7..........

........... 72.7..........

...........69.............

...........80.1..........

...........95.............

...........76.4..........

...........72.7..........

......... 163.00

......... 162.20

......... 158.20

......... 153.60

......... 153.40

......... 149.00

......... 142.80

......... 141.00

......... 136.60

......... 130.40

......... 123.00

......... 119.40

......... 114.00

......... 104.60

......... 102.40

......... 101.20

...........95.20

...........93.00

...........92.80

...........91.20

........... 87.38

...........86.30

...........90.96

...........94.28

...........92.80

...........91.30

...........91.30

...........83.12

...........79.40

........... 78.66

........... 77.18

........... 74.94

...........76.44

...........79.42

...........78.66

...........83.12

...........83.12

...........83.12

...........80.88

...........81.64

........... 74.94

........... 76.44

...........74.94

...........77.18

...........76.42

...........79.40

...........77.16

........... 75.68

...........74.92

...........77.90

...........78.64

........... 78.64

........... 78.64

...........75.68
M88 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 12. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 13. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Shafer No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

3,660 

3,662 

3,664 

3,666 

3,668 

3,670 

3,672 

3,674 

3,676 

3,678 

3,680 

3,682 

3,684 

3,686

Depth

(meters)

......1,115.57......

......1,116.18......

......1,116.79......

......1,117.40......

...... 1,118.01 ......

......1,118.62......

......1,119.23......

......1,119.84......

......1,120.44......

......1,121.05......

......1,121.66......

......1,122.27......

......1,122.88......

......1,123.49......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

...............69...........

............... 65.3.........

...............72.7.........

............... 80.1........

.,,,,,,,80.1..,,.,

,.,,,,,,83.9.,,,,

............... 80.1.........

............... 87.6.........

............... 80.1.........

............... 80.1.........

,,,,,,,.80.1.,,,,

............... 87.6.........

............... 76.4.........

............. 143.4,,,.,

............71.22

,,,,,,71.96

,,,,,,73.44

,,,,,,76.42

,,,,,,79.38

,,,,,,82.36

,,,,,,82.36

,,,,,,82.36

,,,,,,81.60

,,,,,,83.10

,,,,,,80.86

.,,,,,,93.52

.......... 102.47

.......... 109.90

Appendix table 13. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Shafer No. 1 core.

Denth

(feet)

3,722,.

3,724.,

3,726.,

3,728.,

3,730,.

3,732.,

3,734.,

3,736.,

3,738.,

3,740.,

3,742,.

3,744.,

3,746,.

3,748.,

3,750.,

3,752.,

3,754,.

3,756.,

3,758.,

3,760,.

3,762.,

3,764.,

3,766.,

3,768,.

3,770,.

3,772,.

3,774.,

3,776.,

3,778....

3,780,,

3,782.,,

(meters)

,,1,134.47,,,,,

.... 1,135.08..,,,,

....1,135.68..........

., 1,136.29,,,,..

., 1,136.90,,,,,

.,1,137.51,,,,,

.,1,138.12,,,,,

,.1,138.73,,,,,

.,1,139.34,,,,,

.,1,139.95,,,,,

.,1,140.56,,,,,

...1,141.17..........

.,1,141.78,,,,,

.,1,142.39,,,,,

.,1,143.00,,,,,

...1,143.61..........

.,1,144.22,,,,,

...1,144.83..........

...1,145.44..........

.,1,146.05,,,,,.

,.1,146.66.,,,,,

,.1,147.27,,,,,.

.,1,147.88.,,,,,

,.1,148.49,,,,,.

.,1,149.10,.,,,,

...1,149.71...........

...1,150.32...........

.,1,150.92.,,,,,

.,1,151.53.,,,,,

.,1,152.14,,,,.,

,.1,152.75.,,,,,

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

...........95.............

......... 102.5..........

........... 98.7..........

........... 61.6..........

...........65.3..........

...........65.3..........

.,,,,,83.9,,,,,

...........57.8..........

...........80.1..........

.,,,,,72.7,,,,,

...........54.1..........

...........54.1..........

........... 54.1..........

,,,,,.57.8,,,,,

........... 72.7..........

........... 83.9..........

...........65.3..........

,,,,,.72.7,,,,,

......... 128.5,,,,,

........... 83.9..........

........... 83.9..........

........... 83.9..........

...........74.6..........

...........65.3..........

...........61.6..........

...........80.1...........

..........91.3...........

........ 111.7...........

........ 111.7...........

........ 132.2,,,,,.

..........91.3...........

,,,,,,98.75

,,,,,,98.73

............84.62

...........78.68

............74.96

.,,,,,66.78

,,,.,,70.48

...........71.96

.,,,,,69.72

.,,,,,63.76

,,,,.,63.02

,,,,,.58.56

...........58.56

,,,,,.64.52

,,,,,.66.76

...........70.48

,,,,,.84.62

,,,,,.86.86

.,,,,,86.86

.,,,,,90.58

...........90.96

,,,,,.78.32

.,,,,,73.86

.,,,,,73.10

,,,,,.74.58

.,,,,,82.00

,,,,,.91.28

......... 105.40

......... 107.64

.,,,,110.62

......... 108.78

(feet)

3,784 

3,786 

3,788 

3,790 

3,792 

3,794 

3,796 

3,798 

3,800 

3,802 

3,804 

3,806 

3,808 

3,810 

3,812 

3,814 

3,816 

3,818 

3,820 

3,822 

3,824 

3,826 

3,828 

3,830 

3,832 

3,834 

3,836 

3,838 

3,840 

3,842 

3,844 

3,846 

3,848 

3,850 

3,852 

3,854 

3,856

Depth

(meters)

......1,153.36......

1 153 97

......1,154.58......

......1,155.19......

......1,155.80 ......

......1,156.41......

......1,157.02......

......1,157.63......

......1,158.24......

......1,158.85...... 

......1,159.46...... 

......1,160.07......

......1,160.68......

......1,161.29......

......1,161.90......

......1,162.51......

......1,163.12......

......1,163.73...... 

......1,164.34...... 

......1,164.95...... 

......1,165.56......

......1,166.16......

......1,166.77...... 

......1,167.38...... 

......1,167.99...... 

......1,168.60...... 

......1,169.21......

......1,169.82......

......1,170.43...... 

......1,171.04...... 

......1,171.65...... 

......1,172.26...... 

......1,172.87...... 

......1,173.48...... 

......1,174.09...... 

......1,174.70...... 

......1,175.31......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

............. 106.2.........

............. 102.5.........

............. 121............

............. 113.6.........

............. 113.6.........

............... 46.7.........

............. 128.5.... .....

............. 121............

............. 147.1.........

............. 139.6......... 

............. 150.8......... 

............. 132.2.........

............. 128.5.........

............. 143.4.........

............. 139.6.........

............. 150.8.. ...... .

............. 128.5.........

............. 154.5... ...... 

............. 143.4......... 

............. 147.1.. ....... 

............. 121............

............. 113.6.........

............... 98.7......... 

............. 106.2......... 

............. 106.2......... 

............. 106.2......... 

............... 98.7.........

...............98.7......... 

...............91.3......... 

...............83.9......... 

............... 83.9......... 

............... 80.1......... 

............... 95............ 

............... 76.4......... 

............... 87.6......... 

............... 83.9......... 

............. 124.8.........

.......... 110.64

.......... 106.92

.......... 111.38

............99.48

.......... 104.68

.......... 104.68

.......... 111.38

.......... 116.58

.......... 137.40

.......... 138.14 

.......... 139.64 

.......... 138.90

.......... 138.90

.......... 138.90

.......... 138.16

.......... 143.36

.......... 143.36

.......... 144.86 

.......... 138.90 

.......... 135.92 

.......... 124.76

.......... 117.32

.......... 109.14 

.......... 106.18 

.......... 103.20 

.......... 103.20 

.......... 100.22

............95.76 

............91.30 

............87.58 

............ 86.84 

............83.86 

............84.60 

............84.60 

............93.54 

............ 98.77 

.......... 104.35

Appendix table 14. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 11, Shafer No. 1 core.

(feet)

3,892 

3,894 

3,896 

3,898 

3,900 

3,902 

3,904 

3.906.

Depth

(meters)

.....1,186.28......

.....1,186.89......

.....1,187.50......

.....1,188.11......

.....1,188.72......

.....1,189.33......

.....1,189.94......

.....1.190.55......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.............124.8..................

.............113.6..................

...............98.7..................

...............87.6...................

............... 87.6..... ..............

...............83.9...................

...............83.9...................

...............98.7...................

119.20 

112.37 

102.46 

94.28 

88.34 

88.34 

88.34 

.86.10
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M89

Appendix table 14. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 11, ShaferNo. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 15. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, ShaferNo. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

3,908... ...1,191. 16......

3,910.. ....1,191. 77......

3,912. .....1,192.38......

3,914.... ..1,192.99......

3,916... ...1,193. 60......

3,918.. ....1,194.21......

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

...............87.6....................

...............76.4....................

.............106.2....................

...............98.7....................

...............98.7....................

...............83.9....................

90.56 

93.52 

93.52 

92.78 

93.77 

91.30

Depth

Appendix table 15. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Shafer No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet)

3,980...

3,982...

3,984...

3,986...

3,988...

3,990...

3,992...

3,994...

3,996...

3,998...

4,000...

4,002...

4,004...

4,006...

4,008...

4,010...

4,012...

4,014...

4,016...

4,018...

4,020...

4,022...

4,024...

4,026...

4,028...

4,030...

4,032...

4,034...

4,036...

4,038...

4,040...

4,042...

4,044...

4,046...

4,048...

4,050...

4,052...

4,054...

4,056...

(meters)

...1,213.10..........

...1,213.71..........

...1,214.32..........

...1,214.93..........

...1,215.54..........

...1,216.15..........

...1,216.76..........

...1,217.37..........

...1,217.98..........

...1,218.59..........

...1,219.20..........

...1,219.81..........

...1,220.42..........

...1,221.03..........

...1,221.64..........

...1,222.25..........

...1,222.86..........

...1,223.47..........

...1,224.08..........

...1,224.69..........

...1,225.30..........

...1,225.91..........

...1,226.52..........

...1,227.12..........

...1,227.73..........

...1,228.34..........

...1,228.95..........

...1,229.56..........

...1,230.17..........

...1,230.78..........

...1,231.39..........

...1,232.00..........

...1,232.61..........

...1,233.22..........

...1,233.83..........

...1,234.44..........

...1,235.05..........

...1,235.66..........

...1,236.27..........

Bromine content Smoothed value

(parts per million)

.........232.6.........

.........232.6.........

.........214............

.........210.3.........

.........437.1.........

.........708.5.........

.........344.1.........

.........857.2..........

.........210.3.........

.........284.6.........

.........232.6.........

.........214............

.........210.3.........

.........236.3.........

.........236.3.........

.........225.2.........

.........232.6.........

.........184.3.........

.........232.60

.........226.40

.........218.97

.........212.15

.........572.80

.........496.57

.........511.44

.........480.94

.........385.76

.........359.74

.........230.36

.........235.56

.........225.90

.........224.42

.........228.14

.........222.94

.........219.22

.........215.50

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content Smoothed value 

(parts per million)

4,058

4,060

4,062

4,064

4,066

4,068

4,070

4,072

4,074

4,076

4,078

4,080,

4,082.

4,084,

4,086,

4,088.

4,090.

4,092.

4,094.

4,096.

4,098.

4,100.

4,102.

4,104.

4,106.

4,108.

4,110.

4,112.

4,114.

4,116.

4,118.

4,120.

4,122.

4,124.

4,126.

4,128.

4,130.

4,132.

4,134.

4,136.

4,138.

4,140.

4,142

4,144

4,146

4,148

1,236.88. 

1,237.49. 

1,238.10. 

1,238.71. 

1,239.32. 

1,239.93. 

1,240.54. 

1,241.15. 

1,241.76. 

1,242.36. 

1,242.97. 

1,243.58. 

1,244.19. 

1,244.80. 

1,245.41. 

1,246.02. 

1,246.63. 

1,247.24. 

1,247.85. 

1,248.46, 

1,249.07, 

1,249.68, 

1,250.29, 

1,250.90, 

1,251.51, 

1,252.12, 

1,252.73, 

1,253.34, 

1,253.95, 

1,254.56, 

1,255.17, 

1,255.78, 

1,256.39, 

1,257.00, 

1,257.60, 

1,258.21, 

1,258.82, 

1,259.43, 

1,260.04, 

1,260.65, 

1,261.26, 

,.,1,261.87, 

1,262.48, 

1,263.09, 

1,263.70, 

1,264.31,

.217.7..................214.00

.217.7,,,,,,,,,216.22 

.217.7..................223.64

.243.7,,,,,,,,,224.38 

.221.4.................. 220.66

.221.4.................. 225.86

.199.1..................235.54

.243.7.,,,,,,,,. 230,34 

.292.1,,,,,,,,,219.94 

.195.4,,,,,,,,,214.00 

.169.4,,,,,,,,, 197.64 

.169.4,,,,,,,,, 170.88 

.161.9.................. 164.94

.158.3.................. 159.74

.165.7,,,,,,,,, 152.30 

.143.4,,,,,,,,, 147.84 

.132.2.................. 143.36

.139.6.................. 135.18

.135.9,,,,,,,,, 131.46 

.124.8,,,,,,,,, 132.20 

.124.8.................. 121.06

.135.9,,,,,,,,, 116.60 

.,83.9,,,,,,,,, 124.02 

.113.6,,,,,,,,, 124.02 

.161.9.................. 140.38

.124.8,,,,,,,,, 145.58 

.217.7,,,,,,,,, 144.12 

.109.9,,,,,,,,, 130.74 

.106.3.................. 127.02

...95..................... 103.98

.106.2,,,,,,,,, 101.74 

.102.5,,,,,,,,, 101.72 

.,98.7,,,,,,,,, 101.72 

.106.2.................... 99.48

...95.......................99.48

...95..................... 100.24

.102.5....................94.28

.102.5....................89.82

.,76.4,,,,,,,,,,87.60 

...72.7....................83.88

...83.9....................82.38

........86.10

,,,,90.56 

........91.30

........92.53

,,,,91.30

.,,83.9.,, 

.....95........

.....95........

.....95........

.,,87.6.,,
M90 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 16. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 1, Utah No. 2 core.

Appendix table 16. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 1, Utah No. 2 core Continued.

D<

(feet)

2,352....

2,354....

2,356....

2,358....

2,360....

2,362....

2,364....

2,366....

2,368....

2,370....

2,371....

2,373....

2,375....

2,377....

2,379....

2,380....

2,382....

2,384....

2,386.....

2,388....,

2,389.....

2,391....,

2,393....,

2,395.....

2,397.....

2,398.....

2,400.....

2,402.....

2,404.....

2,406.....

2,407.....

2,409.....

2,411.....

2,413.....

2,415.....

2,416.....

2,418.....

2,420.....

2,422.....

2,424.....

2,425.....

2,427.....

2,429.....

2,431.....

2,433.....

2,434.....

2,436.....

2,438.....

2,440.....

2,442.....

2,443.....

2,445.....

2,447.....

2,449.....

;pth

(meters)

.....716.89..................

.....717.50..................

.....718.11..................

.....718.72..................

.....719.33..................

.....719.94..................

.....720.55..................

.....721.16..................

.....721.77..................

.....722.38..................

.....722.68..................

.....723.29..................

.....723.90..................

.....724.51..................

.....725.12..................

.....725.42..................

.....726.03..................

.....726.64..................

.....727.25...................

.....727.86...................

.....728.17...................

.....728.78...................

.....729.39...................

.....730.00...................

.....730.61...................

.....730.91...................

.....731.52...................

....732.13...... .............

....732.74...................

....733.35...................

....733.65...................

....734.26...................

....734.87................. .

....735.48...................

....736.09...................

....736.40...................

....737.01...................

....737.62...................

....738.23...................

....738.84...................

....739.14...................

....739.75...................

....740.36...................

....740.97...................

....741.58...................

....741.88...................

....742.49...................

....743.10...................

....743.71...................

....744.32... ...............

....744.63...................

....745.24...................

....745.85...................

....746.46...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................200

..........................214

..........................202

..........................210

..........................167

..........................177

..........................207

..........................204

..........................183

..........................222

..........................159

..........................174

..........................196

..........................172

..........................171

..........................148

..........................150

..........................160

..........................140

..........................170

..........................117

..........................119

..........................125

.........................132

.........................131

..........................137

.........................134

.........................139

.........................118

.........................113

.........................114

...........................98

...........................96

...........................42

...........................87

...........................76

...........................78

...........................84

...........................78

...........................67

...........................48

...........................49

...........................58

...........................45

...........................37

...........................58

...........................42

...........................51

...........................51

...........................48

...........................42

...........................46

...........................37

...........................32

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,451.........747.06.

2,452.........747.37.

2,454.........747.98.

2,456.........748.59.

2,458.........749.20.

2,460.........749.81.

2,461.........750.11.

...46 

...45 

...41 

...42 

...59 

105 

116

Appendix table 17. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 3, Utah No. 2 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

3,072. 

3,074. 

3,076. 

3,078. 

3,080. 

3,082. 

3,084. 

3,086. 

3,088. 

3,090. 

3,092. 

3,094. 

3,096. 

3,098. 

3,100. 

3,102. 

3,104. 

3,106. 

3,108. 

3,110. 

3,112. 

3,114. 

3,116. 

3,118. 

3,120. 

3,122. 

3,124. 

3,126. 

3,128. 

3,130. 

3,133. 

3,135. 

3,137.

.....936.35. 

.....936.96. 

.....937.56. 

.....938.17. 

.....938.78. 

.....939.39. 

.....940.00. 

.....940.61. 

.....941.22. 

.....941.83. 

.....942.44. 

.....943.05. 

.....943.66. 

.....944.27. 

.....944.88. 

.....945.49. 

.....946.10. 

.....946.71. 

.....947.32. 

.....947.93. 

.....948.54. 

.....949.15. 

.....949.76. 

.....950.37. 

.....950.98. 

.....951.59. 

.....952.20. 

.....952.80. 

.....953.41. 

.....954.02. 

.....954.94. 

.....955.55. 

.....956.16.

.185

.178

.168

.161

.172

.169

.159

.141

.161

.136

.161

.161

.158

.149

.136

.141

.143

.123

.129

.101

.110

.119

.116

.109

.119

.126

.123

.142

.154

.116

.128

.148

.157
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M91

Appendix table 18. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Utah No. 2 core.

Appendix table 18. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Utah No. 2 core Continued.

Depth

(feet)

3,227...

3,229...

3,231...

3,233...

3,235...

3,236...

3,238...

3,240...

3,242...

3,244...

3,245...

3,247...

3,249...

3,251...

3,253...

3,254...

3,258...

3,262...

3,266...

3,270...

3,273...

3,275...,

3,277...,

3,279...,

3,281...

3,282...

3,284...

3,286...

3,288....

3,290...

3,291...

3,293...,

3,295....

3,297...,

3,299...

3,300...

3,302...

3,304...

3,306...,

3,308...

3,309...

3,311...

3,313...

3,315...

3,317...

3,318...

3,320...

3,322...

3,324...

3,326...

3,327...

3,329...

3,331...

3,333...

(meters)

......983.59..................

......984.20..................

......984.81..................

......985.42..................

......986.03..................

......986.33..................

......986.94..................

......987.55..................

......988.16..................

......988.77..................

......989.08..................

......989.69..................

......990.30..................

......990.90..................

......991.51..................

......991.82..................

......993.04..................

......994.26..................

......995.48..................

......996.70..................

......997.61..................

......998.22..................

......998.83..................

......999.44..................

...1,000.05..................

...1,000.35..................

...1,000.96..................

...1,001.57..................

...1,002.18..................

...1,002.79..................

...1,003.10..................

...1,003.71..................

...1,004.32..................

...1,004.93..................

...1,005.54..................

...1,005.84..................

...1,006.45..................

...1,007.06..................

...1,007.67..................

...1,008.28..................

...1,008.58..................

...1,009.19..................

...1,009.80..................

...1,010.41..................

...1,011.02..................

...1,011.33..................

...1,011.94..................

...1,012.55..................

...1,013.16..................

...1,013.76..................

...1,014.07..................

...1,014.68..................

...1,015.29..................

...1,015.90..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................174

..........................167

..........................190

..........................166

..........................147

..........................141

..........................165

..........................159

..........................144

..........................160

..........................152

..........................148

..........................164

..........................177

..........................172

..........................152

..........................141

..........................172

..........................156

..........................125

..........................172

..........................140

..........................149

..........................137

..........................123

..........................130

..........................150

..........................144

..........................171

..........................140

..........................136

..........................137

..........................165

..........................163

..........................205

..........................145

..........................147

..........................221

..........................162

..........................174

..........................165

..........................153

..........................143

..........................148

..........................182

..........................179

..........................202

..........................192

..........................221

..........................158

..........................163

..........................200

..........................127

..........................172

D

(feet)

3,335...

3,336...

3,338...

3,340...

3,342...

3,344...

3,345...

3,346...

3,347...

3,348...

3,349....

3,350....

3,352..,

3,354...

3,356....

3,357....

3,358..,

3,360,,

3,362,,

3,364,,

3,366,,

3,368,,

3,370,,

3,372,,

>epth

(meters)

,.1,016.51,,,,,,,,,

.,1,016.81,,,,,,,,,

.,1,017.42,,,,,,,,,

.,1,018.03,,,,,,,,,

.,1,018.64,,,,,,,,,

.,1,019.25,,,,,,,,,

.,1,019.56,,,,,,,,,

.,1,019.86,,,,,,,,,

.,1,020.17,,,,,,,,,

.,1,020.47,,,,,,,,,

.,1,020.78,,,,,,,,,

.,1,021.08,,,,,,,,,

,,1,021.69,,,,,,,,,

...1,022.30..... .............

,,1,022.91,,,,,,,,,

,,1,023.21,,,,,,,,,

...1,023.52...................

...1,024.13...................

,,1,024.74,,,,,,,,,

...1,025.35...................

,1,025.96,,,,,,,,,,

,1,026.57,,,,,,,,,,

,1,027.18.,,,,,,,,,

,1,027.79.,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

,,,,,,,,,,,,,204

..........................156

..........................143

..........................143

..........................130

..........................166

..........................129

..........................146

..........................146

,,,,,,,,,,,,,249

..........................159

..........................144

..........................142

..........................138

..........................126

..........................182

..........................134

..........................181

..........................119

..........................153

,,,,,,,,,,,,,206

..........................109

..........................116

..........................172

Appendix table 19. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Elk Ridge No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,738. 

2,740. 

2,742. 

2,744. 

2,746. 

2,749. 

2,751. 

2,753. 

2,755. 

2,757. 

2,759. 

2,761. 

2,763. 

2,765. 

2,767. 

2,769. 

2,771. 

2,773, 

2,775, 

2,778, 

2,780,

.834.54. 

.835.15. 

.835.76. 

.836.37. 

.836.98. 

.837.90. 

.838.50. 

.839.11. 

.839.72. 

.840.33. 

.840.94. 

.841.55. 

.842.16. 

.842.77. 

.843.38. 

.843.99. 

.844.60. 

.845.21. 

.845.82. 

.846.73. 

.847.34.

.43 

.55 

.60 

.53 

.60 

.68 

.67 

.50 

.67 

.73 

.62 

.64 

.63 

.66 

.74 

.78 

.72 

.67 

.70 

.78 

.80
M92 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 19. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Elk Ridge No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 21. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Elk Ridge No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

2,782,

2,784.

2,786.

2,788.

2,790.

2,792.

2,794.

2,797.

2,798.

Depth

(meters)

.........847.95..................

.........848.56..................

.........849.17..................

.........849.78..................

........850.39..................

......... 851.00... ........... ....

........851.61..................

........852.53..................

........852.83..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................75

............................77

............................67

............................74

............................64

............................80

............................81

..........................115

..........................101

Appendix table 20. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Elk Ridge No. 1 core.

(feet)

2,824,

2,826.

2,828.

2,830.

2,832.

2,834.

2,837.

2,838.

2,840.

2,842.

2,844.

Depth

(meters)

.........860.76..................

.........861.36..................

.........861.97..................

......... 862.58.......... ........

........863.19..................

........863.80..................

........864.72..................

........865.02..................

........865.63..................

........866.24..................

........866.85..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................109

..........................103

............................86

............................76

............................73

............................84

............................90

............................96

..........................101

............................90

..........................109

Appendix table 21. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Elk Ridge No. 1 core.

(feet)

2,903.

2,905.

2,907.

2,909.

2,911.

2,913.

2,915.

2,917.

2,919.

2,921.

2,923.

2,925.

2,927.

2,929.

2,931.

2,933.

Depth

(meters)

........884.83.................

........885.44..................

........886.05..................

........886.66..................

........887.27.................

........887.88.................

.,..,.888.49,,,,,,,,,

........889.10..................

........889.71..................

,,,,890.32.,,,,,,,,,

,,,,890.93.,,,,,,,,,

,,,,891.54,,,,,,,,,.

,,,,892.15.,,,,,,,,,

,,,,892.76,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,893.37.,,,,,,,,,

,,,,893.98.,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................134

..........................117

............................94

............................86

............................83

............................83

............................82

............................94

............................80

............................74

............................93

............................76

............................84

............................93

.............. .............. 76

............................75

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,935. 

2,937. 

2,939. 

2,941. 

2,943. 

2,945. 

2,948. 

2,950, 

2,952, 

2,954, 

2,956, 

2,958, 

2,960, 

2,962, 

2,964, 

2,966, 

2,968,

.894.59. 

.895.20. 

.895.81. 

.896.42. 

.897.03. 

.897.64. 

.898.55. 

.899.16. 

.899.77. 

.900.38. 

.900.99. 

.901.60. 

.902.21. 

.902.82. 

.903.43. 

.904.04. 

.904.65.

.,79 

.,79 

.,85 

...71 

.,90 

.,78 

.,72 

.,70 

...71 

.,72 

,,66 

,,63 

...62 

,76 

...70 

,,93 

130

Appendix table 22. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Elk Ridge No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

3,105. 

3,108. 

3,110. 

3,112. 

3,114. 

3,116. 

3,118. 

3,120. 

3,122. 

3,124. 

3,126. 

3,128.

3.130.

3.131. 

3,133. 

3,135. 

3,137. 

3,139.

3.141.

3.142. 

3,144.

,,,,946.40, 

,,,,947.32, 

,,,,947.93, 

,,,,948.54, 

,,,,949.15, 

,,,,949.76, 

,,,,950.37, 

,,,,950.98, 

,,,,951.59, 

,,,,952.20, 

,,,,952.80, 

,,,,953.41, 

,,,,954.02, 

,,,,954.33, 

,,,,954.94, 

,,,,955.55, 

,,,,956.16, 

,,,,956.77, 

,,,,957.38, 

,,,,957.68, 

,,,,958.29,

...........................110

...........................103

.............................78

.............................85

.............................93

.............................73

............................. 66

.............................74

.............................74

.............................95

.............................64

.............................66

.............................79

.............................65

.............................79

.............................73

.............................77

.............................79

...........................111

...........................125

...........................147
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M93

Appendix table 23. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Elk Ridge No. 1 core.

Appendix table 25. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

3,198.

3,200.

3,202.

3,204.

3,206.

3,208.

3,210.

3,212.

3,214.

3,216.

3,218.

3,220.

3,222.

3,224.

3,226.

3,228,

3,230,

3,232.

3,234.

3,236.

3,238.

Depth

(meters)

.........974.75..................

.........975.36..................

.........975.97..................

......... 976.58.. .............. ..

.........977.19..................

........977.80..................

.........978.41. ................ .

......... 979.02... .............. .

.........979.63..................

.........980.24..................

......... 980.85.. ........... .....

.........981.46..................

........982.07..................

...... ...982.68. ................ .

.........983.28..................

.........983.89..................

.........984.50..................

.........985.11..................

.........985.72..................

.........986.33..................

.........986.94..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................97

............................93

............................94

............................61

..........................173

..........................162

..........................155

..........................172

..........................173

..........................150

..........................164

..........................135

..........................121

..........................101

..........................104

............................91

..........................108

............................87

............................98

............................93

............................45

Appendix table 24. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,925.........891.54.

2,927.........892.15.

2,929.........892.76.

2,933.........893.98.

2,935.........894.59.

.44 

.49 

.53 

.69 

.74

Appendix table 25. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,970. 

2,972. 

2,974. 

2,976. 

2,978. 

2,980. 

2,982. 

2,984. 

2,986. 

2,988.

.905.26. 

.905.87. 

.906.48. 

.907.08. 

.907.69. 

.908.30. 

.908.91. 

.909.52. 

.910.13. 

.910.74.

...87 

,100 

103 

,105 

110 

105 

107 

,..93 

...93 

...90

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

2,990. 

2,992. 

2,994. 

2,996. 

2,998. 

3,000. 

3,002. 

3,004. 

3,006. 

3,008. 

3,010. 

3,012. 

3,014. 

3,016. 

3,018.

.911.35. 

.911.96. 

.912.57. 

.913.18. 

.913.79. 

.914.40. 

.915.01. 

.915.62. 

.916.23. 

.916.84. 

.917.45. 

.918.06. 

.918.67. 

.919.28. 

.919.89.

.79 

.71 

.77 

.75 

.90 

.75 

.69 

.66 

.69 

.77 

.76 

.64 

.80 

.75 

.84

Appendix table 26. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

3,118. 

3,120. 

3,122. 

3,124. 

3,126. 

3,128. 

3,130. 

3,132. 

3,134. 

3,136., 

3,138. 

3,140.. 

3,142.. 

3,144.. 

3,146., 

3,148.. 

3,150.. 

3,152.. 

3,156.. 

3,158.. 

3,160.. 

3,162.. 

3,164.. 

3,166.. 

3,168.. 

3,170.. 

3,172.. 

3,174.. 

3,176.. 

3,178..

.950.37. 

.950.98. 

.951.59. 

.952.20. 

.952.80. 

.953.41. 

.954.02. 

.954.63. 

.955.24. 

.955.85. 

.956.46. 

.957.07. 

.957.68. 

.958.29. 

.958.90. 

.959.51. 

.960.12. 

.960.73. 

.961.95. 

.962.56. 

.963.17. 

.963.78. 

.964.39. 

.965.00. 

.965.61. 

.966.22. 

.966.83. 

.967.44. 

.968.04. 

.968.65..

.221

.216

.225

.228

.224

.226

.232

.220

.229

.234

.228

.237

.202

.224

.201

.230

.220

.213

.217

.227

.224

.220

.223

.227

.236

214

.226

.232

.232

.228
M94 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 26. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 26. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

3,180.

3,182.

3,184.

3,186.

3,188.

3,190.

3,192.

3,194.

3,196.

3,198.

3,200.

3,202.

3,204.

3,206.

3,208.

3,210.

3,212.

3,214.

3,216.

3,218.

3,220.

3,222.

3,224.

3,226.

3,228.

3,230.

3,232.

3,234.

3,236.

3,238.

3,240.

3,242.

3,244.

3,246.

3,248.

3,250.

3,252.

3,254.

3,256.

3,258.

3,260.

3,262.

3,264.

3,266.

3,268.

3,270.

3,272.

3,274.

3,276.

3,278.

3,280.

3,282.

3,284.

3,286.

Depth

(meters)

.........969.26..................

.........969.87..................

.........970.48..................

.........971.09..................

......... 971.70.......... ........

.........972.31..................

........972.92..................

........973.53..................

........974.14..................

........974.75..................

........975.36..................

........975.97..................

........976.58..................

........977.19..................

........977.80..................

........978.41..................

........979.02..................

........979.63..................

........980.24..................

........980.85..................

........981.46..................

........982.07..................

........982.68..................

........983.28..................

........983.89..................

........984.50..................

........985.11..................

........985.72...................

........986.33..................

........986.94..................

........987.55..................

........988.16..................

........988.77...................

........989.38...................

........989.99..................

........990.60...................

........991.21...................

........991.82...................

........992.43..................

........993.04...................

........993.65...................

........994.26..................

........994.87...................

........995.48...................

........996.09...................

........996.70..................

........997.31..................

........997.92..................

........998.52..................

........999.13..................

........999.74..................

.....1,000.35..................

.....1,000.96..................

.....1,001.57..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................222

..........................220

..........................226

..........................236

..........................228

..........................243

..........................228

..........................232

..........................219

..........................214

..........................231

..........................222

..........................226

..........................228

..........................227

..........................202

..........................224

..........................228

..........................231

..........................215

..........................230

..........................226

..........................229

..........................226

..........................207

..........................230

..........................195

..........................234

..........................229

..........................235

..........................234

..........................213

..........................228

..........................228

..........................231

..........................216

..........................221

..........................217

..........................226

..........................229

..........................227

..........................214

..........................202

..........................174

..........................178

..........................163

..........................152

..........................162

..........................165

..........................161

..........................158

..........................156

..........................143

..........................142

E

(feet)

3,288...

3,290...

3,292...

3,294...

3,296...

3,298...

3,300...

3,302...

3,304...

3,306...

3,308...

3,310...

3,312...

3,314...

3,316...

3,318...

3,320...

3,322...

3,324...

3,326...

3,328...

3,330...

3,332...

3,334...

3,336...

3,338...

3,340...

3,342....

3,346...,

3,348...,

3,350...,

3,352....

3,354....

3,356....

3,358....

 epth

(meters)

...1,002.18..................

...1,002.79..................

...1,003.40..................

...1,004.01..................

...1,004.62..................

...1,005.23..................

...1,005.84..................

...1,006.45..................

...1,007.06..................

...1,007.67..................

...1,008.28..................

...1,008.89..................

...1,009.50..................

...1,010.11..................

...1,010.72..................

...1,011.33..................

...1,011.94..................

...1,012.55..................

...1,013.16..................

...1,013.76..................

...1,014.37..................

...1,014.98..................

...1,015.59..................

...1,016.20..................

...1,016.81..................

...1,017.42..................

...1,018.03..................

...1,018.64...................

...1,019.86...................

...1,020.47...................

...1,021.08...................

...1,021.69...................

...1,022.30..... ..............

...1,022.91...................

...1,023.52...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................137

..........................129

..........................121

..........................130

..........................135

..........................131

..........................127

..........................114

..........................123

..........................109

............................95

..........................109

..........................100

............................98

............................90

............................94

............................92

............................96

..........................104

............................91

............................95

............................89

............................84

............................78

............................80

............................82

............................73

............................99

............................75

............................87

............................90

............................87

............................81

............................90

............................79

Appendix table 27. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

(feet)

3,376.

3,378.

3,381.

3,384.

3,388.

3,390.

3 392

3,394.

3,396.

3.398.

Depth

(meters)

......1,029.00..................

.....1,029.61..................

.....1,030.53..................

......1,031.44..................

......1,032.66..................

......1,033.27..................

.....1,033.88..................

..... .1,034.49....... ........ ...

......1,035.10..................

......1.035.71..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................186

..........................176

..........................162

..........................165

..........................142

..........................133

..........................119

..........................120

..........................137

..........................127
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M95

Appendix table 27. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 28. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

3,400.

3,402.

3,404.

3,406.

3,408.

3,410,

3,412.

3,414.

3,416.

3,418.

3,420.

3,422.

3,424.

3,426.

3,428.

3,430.

3,432.

3,434.

3,436.

3,438.

3,440.

3,442.

Depth

(meters)

,,,1,036.32.,.,.,,.,.,.

,,,1,036.93,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,037.54,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,038.15,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,038.76,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,039.37,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,039.98,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,040.59,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,041.20,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,041.81,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,042.42,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,043.03,,,,,,,,,

...... 1,043.64.. ............... .

...... 1,044.24..... .............

,,,1,044.85,,,,,,,,,

......1,045.46..................

......1,046.07..................

......1,046.68..................

.. ....1,047.29.. ............. ...

.. ....1,047.90... ............ ...

......1,048.51..................

...... 1,049.12. .................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................109

..........................110

............................92

............................96

..........................120

............................84

............................77

............................71

............................85

............................78

............................63

............................80

............................81

............................89

............................84

............................86

............................78

............................86

............................86

............................81

............................76

............................83

Appendix table 28. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

D

(feet)

3,455.,

3,457.,

3,459.,

3,461.,

3,463.,

3,465.,

3,467.,

3,469.,

3,471.,

3,473.,

3,475....

3,477,,

3,479.,.

3,481,,

3,483,,

3,485,,

3,487,,

3,489,,

3,491,,

3,493,,

3,495,,

3,497,,

3,499,,

epth

(meters)

.,1,053.08,,,,,,,,,

.,1,053.69,,,,,,,,,

.,1,054.30,,,,,,,,,

.,1,054.91,,,,,,,,,

,.1,055.52,,,,,,,,,

.,1,056.13,,,,,,,,,

.,1,056.74,,,,,,,,,

.,1,057.35,,,,,,,,,

.,1,057.96,,,,,,,,,

.,1,058.57,,,,,,,,,

.,1,059.18,,,,,,,,,

.,1,059.79,,,,,,,,,

.,1,060.40,,,,,,,,,

.,1,061.01,,,,,,,,,

.,1,061.62,,,,,,,,,

.,1,062.23,,,,,,,,,

.,1,062.84,,,,,,,,,

.,1,063.45,,,,,,,,,

,,1,064.06,,,,,,,,,

,,1,064.67,,,,,,,,,

,,1,065.28,,,,,,,,,

...1,065.89...................

...1,066.50...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................131

..........................133

..........................126

..........................117

..........................107

..........................110

..........................109

..........................107

..........................120

..........................104

..........................106

..........................100

..........................100

............................96

............................75

............................83

............................85

............................99

............................82

............................82

............................84

............................74

............................84

Depth

(feet) (meters)

3,501,.. ,1,067.10.,..,,., .................

3,503. .,..1,067.71..,.,, ....................

3,505...... 1,068.32...... .......................

3,507...... 1,068.93... ...................... ....

3,509...... 1,069.54... ..........................

3,511...... 1,070.15........... ..................

Appendix table 29. Bromine data

cycle 9, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

3,550.. ....1,082.04. ............................

3,552...... 1,082.65. .............. ..............

3,554.... ..1,083.26.. .......................... .

3,556.... ..1,083.87..... ....................... .

3,558.... ..1,084.48... .............. ............

3,560...... 1,085.09... ................... .......

3,562...... 1,085.70... ..........................

3,564...... 1,086.31.... ...................... ...

3,566...... 1,086.92........... ................ ..

3,568... ...1,087.53.... ........................ .

3,570...... 1,088.14..... ................... .....

3,572...... 1,088.75............. ................

3,574..... .1,089.36... ..........................

3,576.. ....1,089.96.... ..........................

3,578.. ....1,090.57.... ..........................

3,580...... 1,091. 18. .............................

3,582...... 1,091.79............... ...............

3,584...... 1,092.40. .............................

3,586...... 1,093.01............ ..................

3,588...... 1,093.62......... .....................

3,590...... 1,094.23............ ..................

3,592.... ..1,094.84.. ............................

3,594...... 1,095.45.. ............................

3,596.... ..1,096.06.. ............................

3,598.... ..1,096.67... ...........................

3,600.... ..1,097.28.. ............................

3,602.... ..1,097.89.. ............................

3,604.... ..1,098.50.. ............................

3,606.,. ,1,099. 11...... ........................

3,608...... 1,099.72............ ..................

3,610...... 1,100.33......... .....................

3,612...... 1,100.94. .............................

3,614.. ....1,101.55. .............................

3,616.. ....1,102.16... ...........................

3,618..... .1,102.77... ..........................

3,620..... .1,103.38.......... ...................

3,622...... 1,103.99................ .............

3,624...... 1,104.60,. .......................... .

3,626...... 1,105.20............. ................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

.................74

.................73

.................61

.................68

.................86

...............100

for the halite bed of

Bromine content

(parts per million)

...............140

...............202

...............205

...............205

...............203

...............196

...............179

...............174

...............195

...............169

...............153

...............153

...............152

...............154

...............120

...............141

...............119

...............130

..............126

...............116

...............121

..............124

...............114

...............107

...............112

...............124

...............108

...............116

...............106

...............108

...............124

...............115

...............117

...............125

...............121

...............103

...............112

...............102

.................98
M96 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 29. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 30. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

3,628.

3,630.

3,632.

3,634.

3,636.

3,638.

3,640.

3,642.

3,644.

3,646.

3,648.

3,650.

3,652.

3,654.

3,656.

3,658.

3,660.

3,662.

3,664.

3,666.

3,668.

3,670.

3,672.

3,674.

3,676.

3,678.

3,680.

3,682.

3,684.

3,686.

Depth

(meters)

,,,1,105.81,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,106.42,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,107.03,,,,,,,,,

......1,107.64..................

.. ....1,108.25... ............ ...

..... .1,108.86....... ........ ...

...... 1,109.47....... ...........

.... ..1,110.08. ................ .

.,,1,110.69,,,,,,,,,

.....1,111.30..................

.....1,111.91..................

.,,1,112.52,,,,,,,,,

.. ...1,113.13... ... ............

.,,1,113.74,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,114.35,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,114.96,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,115.57,,,,,,,,,

.....1,116.18..................

.,,1,116.79,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,117.40,,,,,,,,,

.....1,118.01..................

.,,1,118.62,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,119.23,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,119.84,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,120.44,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,121.05,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,121.66,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,122.27,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,122.88,,,,,,,,,

,,.1,123.49,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................101

............................95

............................85

............................95

............................81

............................83

..........................103

..........................105

............................98

............................81

............................81

............................81

............................93

................ ............ 94

............................79

............................80

............................90

............................91

............................95

............................87

............................79

............................93

............................74

............................98

............................87

............................64

............................58

............................65

............................79

............................72

Appendix table 30. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

(feet)

3,720.

3,722.

3,724.

3,726.

3,728.

3,730.

3,732.

3,734.

3,736.

3,738.

3,740.

3,742.

3,744.

3,746,

3,748,

Depth

(meters)

...... 1,133.86.......... ..... ...

...... 1,134.47.... ........... ...

...... 1,135.08....... ........ ...

...... 1,135.68............... ...

..... .1,136.29... ............ ...

.. ....1,136.90.. ................

......1,137.51..................

.. ....1,138.12... .............. .

,,,1,138.73,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,139.34,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,139.95,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,140.56,,,,,,,,,

...... 1,141. 17... .............. .

,,,1,141.78,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,142.39,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................91

............................67

............................94

............................73

............................78

............................94

............................67

............................71

............................84

............................82

............................75

............................60

............................97

..........................109

............................72

Depth

(feet) (meters)

3,750.. ....1,143.00... ..........................

3,751.. ....1,143.30... ..........................

3,753...... 1,143.91. ............................

3,755,,, 1,144.52,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,757...... 1,145.13... ..........................

3,759,,, 1,145.74.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,761,,, 1,146.35.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,763,,, 1,146.96,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,765,,, 1,147.57,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,767,,, 1,148.18.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,769,,, 1,148.79,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,771,,, 1,149.40.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,773...... 1,150.01........... ..................

3,775,,, 1,150.62.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,777,,, 1,151.23,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,779,,, 1,151.84.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,781,,, 1,152.45.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,783.. ....1,153.06... ..........................

3,785,,, 1,153.67.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,787,,, 1,154.28,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,789,,, 1,154.89.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,791...... 1,155.50... ..........................

3,793,,, 1,156.11........ .............. .......

3,795,,, 1,156.72.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,797,,, 1,157.33.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,799,,, 1,157.94.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,801...... 1,158.54.... ...................... ...

3,803...... 1,159.15. ............................

3,805,,, 1,159.76,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,807,,, 1,160.37.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,809,,, 1,160.98.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,811... ...1,161.59.... ...................... ...

3,813...... 1,162.20..... ...................... ..

3,815...... 1,162.81.. ...........................

3,817,,, 1,163.42.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

3,819..... .1,164.03... ..........................

3,821,,, 1,164.64,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,823,,, 1,165.25,, .........................

3,825,,, 1,165.86,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,827,,, 1,166.47,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

3,829...... 1,167.08. ............................

3,831,,, 1,167.69.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Appendix table 31. Bromine data

cycle 13, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

3,909...... 1,191.46............ .................

3,911. .....1,192.07.... .........................

3,913.... ..1,192.68..... ........................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..................90

.................63

...............134

..................68

................108

................141

................140

................137

................131

...............121

...............128

...............135

...............172

...............150

...............142

...............115

...............131

...............120

...............106

...............103

...............114

...............133

...............139

...............165

...............137

...............138

...............157

...............122

...............154

...............149

...............129

...............139

...............103

.................77

...............111

...............117

.................93

...............105

...............109

...............101

.................92

...............106

for the halite bed of

Bromine content

(parts per million)

.,.,.,.,,.280

,,,,,,,.204

.,,,,,,,246
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M97

Appendix table 31. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 31. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet)

3,915...

3,917...

3,919...

3,921...

3,923...

3,925...

3,927...

3,929...

3,931...

3,933...

3,935...

3,937...

3,939...

3,941...

3,943...

3,945...

3,947...

3,949...

3,951...

3,953....

3,955....

3,957....

3,959....

3,961..,

3,963....

3,965....

3,967....

3,969....

3,971....

3,973....

3,975....

3,977....

3,979....

3,981....

3,983,..

3,985,,

3,987,,

3,989,,

3,991,,

3,993,,

3,995,,

3,997,,

3,999,,

4,001,,

4,003,,

4,005,,

4,007,,

4,009,,

4,011,,

4,013,,

4,015,,

4,017,,

4,019,,

4,021,,

(meters)

.,1,193.29,,,,,,,,,

.,1,193.90,,,,,,,,,

.,1,194.51,,,,,,,,,

.,1,195.12,,,,,,,,,

.,1,195.73,,,,,,,,,

,.1,196.34,,,,,,,,,

.,1,196.95,,,,,,,,,

.,1,197.56,,,,,,,,,

.,1,198.17,,,,,,,,,

.,1,198.78,,,,,,,,,

.,1,199.39,,,,,,,,,

.,1,200.00,,,,,,,,,

.,1,200.61,,,,,,,,,

.,1,201.22,,,,,,,,,

.,1,201.83,,,,,,,,,

.,1,202.44,,,,,,,,,

.,1,203.05,,,,,,,,,

.,1,203.66,,,,,,,,,

...1,204.26..................

...U04.87.... ..............

,,1,205.48,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,206.09.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,206.70,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,207.31,,,,,,,,,,

...1,207.92...................

,1,208.53.,,,,,,,,,

,1,209.14.,,,,,,,,,

,1,209.75.,,,,,,,,,

,1,210.36.,,,,,,,,,

,1,210.97.,,,,,,,,,

,1,211.58.,,,,,,,,,

,1,212.19.,,,,,,,,,

,1,212.80,,,,,,,,,.

,1,213.41,,,,,,,,,.

,1,214.02.,,,,,,,,,

,1,214.63.,,,,,,,,,

,1,215.24.,,,,,,,,,

,1,215.85.,,,,,,,,,

,1,216.46.,,,,,,,,,

,1,217.07,,,,,,,,,.

,1,217.68.,,,,,,,,,

,1,218.29.,,,,,,,,,

,1,218.90.,,,,,,,,,

,1,219.50,,,,,,,,,.

,1,220.11,,,,,,,,,.

,1,220.72.,,,,,,,,,

,1,221.33.,,,,,,,,,

,1,221.94,,,,,,,,,.

,1,222.55.,,,,,,,,,

,1,223.16.,,,,,,,,,

,1,223.77.,,,,,,,,,

,1,224.38.,,,,,,,,,

,1,224.99.,,,,,,,,,

,1,225.60.,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................418

..........................401

..........................425

,,,,,,,,,,,,,276

,,,,,,,,,,,,,289

,,,,,,,,,,,,,309

,,,,,,,,,,,,,330

..........................318

,,,,,,,,,,,,,308

,,,,,,,,,,,,,320

,,,,,,,,,,,,,332

..........................281

.............. ............ 254

,,,,,,,,,,,,,260

,,,,,,,,,,,,,252

,,,,,,,,,,,,,236

,,,,,,,,,,,,,250

..........................222

,,,,,,,,,,,,,252

..........................231

,,,,,,,,,,,,,235

,,,,,,,,,,,,,240

..........................193

,,,,,,,,,,,,,258

..........................212

..,,,,,,,,,,,,200

.,,,,,,,,,,,,207

..........................195

.,,,,,,,,,,,,203

.........................182

..........................157

..........................147

.........................171

.........................134

.........................165

.........................140

.........................153

.........................146

.........................118

.........................153

.........................129

.........................133

.........................108

.........................126

.........................130

.........................150

.........................127

.........................121

...........................68

...........................47

...........................76

...........................93

...........................97

...........................92

(feet)

4,023.

4,025.

4,027.

4,029.

4,031.

4,033.

4,035.

Depth

(meters)

.,,1,226.21,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,226.82,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,227.43,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,228.04,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,228.65,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,229.26,,,,,,,,,

.,,1,229.87,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................115

............................93

............................88

............................80

..........................109

..........................133

..........................153

Appendix table 32. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 14, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

4,069. 

4,071. 

4,073. 

4,075. 

4,077. 

4,079. 

4,081. 

4,083. 

4,085. 

4,087. 

4,089. 

4,091. 

4,093. 

4,095. 

4,097. 

4,099. 

4,101. 

4,103. 

4,105. 

4,107. 

4,109. 

4,111. 

4,113. 

4,115. 

4,117. 

4,119. 

4,121. 

4,123. 

4,125. 

4,127. 

4,129.

,,.1,240.23, 

.,,1,240.84, 

.,,1,241.45, 

,,.1,242.06, 

.,,1,242.67, 

.,,1,243.28, 

,,.1,243.89, 

.,,1,244.50, 

.,,1,245.11, 

,,.1,245.72, 

.,,1,246.33, 

.,,1,246.94, 

,,.1,247.55, 

.,,1,248.16, 

,,.1,248.77, 

.,,1,249.38, 

.,,1,249.98, 

.,,1,250.59, 

,,.1,251.20, 

.,,1,251.81, 

.,,1,252.42, 

.,,1,253.03, 

,,.1,253.64, 

.,,1,254.25, 

.,,1,254.86, 

.,,1,255.47, 

.,,1,256.08, 

.,,1,256.69, 

.,,1,257.30, 

.,,1,257.91, 

.,,1,258.52,

...........................121

...........................140

.............................96

...........................102

.............................91

...........................117

...........................109

.............................93

...........................102

.............................94

.............................91

...........................110

.............................97

.............................92

...........................115

...........................100

...........................104

...........................111

.............................85

.............................97

.............................91

.............................96

.............................68

.............................87

...........................122

...........................107

...........................133

.............................81

.............................87

...........................125

...........................125
M98 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 33. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 15, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Appendix table 34. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

D<

(feet)

4,142....

4,144....

4,146....

4,148....

4,150....

4,152....

4,154....

4,156....

4,158....

4,160....

4,162....

4,164....

4,166....

4,168....

4,170....

4,172....

4,174....

4,176....

4,178....

4,180....

4,182....

4,184....

4,186....

4,188....

4,190....

4,192....

4,194....

4,196....

4,198....

4,200....

4,202....

4,204....

4,206....

spth

(meters)

..1,262.48..................

..1,263.09..................

..1,263.70..................

..1,264.31..................

..1,264.92..................

..1,265.53..................

..1,266.14..................

..1,266.75..................

..1,267.36..................

..1,267.97..................

..1,268.58..................

..1,269.19..................

..1,269.80..................

..1,270.41..................

..1,271.02..................

..1,271.63..................

..1,272.24..................

..1,272.84..................

..1,273.45..................

..1,274.06..................

..1,274.67..................

..1,275.28..................

..1,275.89..................

..1,276.50..................

..1,277.11..................

..1,277.72..................

..1,278.33..................

..1,278.94..................

..1,279.55..................

..1,280.16..................

..1,280.77..................

..U81.38... ................

..1,281.99..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................200

..........................149

..........................124

..........................192

..........................185

..........................186

..........................158

..........................175

..........................170

..........................145

..........................144

..........................154

..........................146

..........................138

..........................150

..........................156

..........................168

..........................186

..........................203

..........................149

..........................141

..........................107

..........................150

..........................159

..........................148

..........................168

..........................130

..........................180

..........................161

..........................181

..........................178

..........................198

..........................148

Appendix table 34. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet)

4,230......

4,232......

4,234...... 

4,236...... 

4,238......

4,240......

4,242......

4,244......

4,246......

4,248......

4,250...... 

4,252......

(meters)

1,289.30..................

1,289.91..................

1,290.52.................. 

1,291.13.................. 

1,291.74..................

1,292.35..................

1,292.96..................

1,293.57..................

1,294.18..................

1,294.79..................

1,295.40.................. 

1,296.01..................

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

..........................200

..........................148

..........................161 

..........................150 

..........................169

..........................169

..........................140

..........................147

..........................148

..........................149

..........................135 

..........................134

Depth

(feet)

4,254.....

4,256.....

4,258.....

4,260.....

4,262.....

4,264.....

4,266.....

4,268.....

4,270......

4,272.....

4,274.....

4,276.....

4,278.....

4,280.....

4,282......

4,284......

4,286.....

4,288.....

4,290.....

4,292......

4,294......

4,296......

4,298......

4,300......

4,302......

4,304......

4,306......

4,308......

4,310......

4,312......

4,314......

4,316......

4,318......

4,320......

4,322......

4,324......

4,326......

4,328......

4,330......

4,332......

4,334......

4,336......

4,338......

Appendix

(meters)

.1,296.62.............................

.1,297.23.............................

.1,297.84.......... ...................

. 1,298.45.......... .............. .....

.1,299.06.............................

.1,299.67.............................

.1,300.28.............................

.1,300.89.............................

.1,301.50.............................

.1,302.11.............................

.1,302.72.............................

.1,303.32.............................

.1,303.93.............................

.1,304.54.............................

.1,305.15.............................

.1,305.76.............................

.1,306.37.............................

.1,306.98.............................

.1,307.59.............................

.1,308.20.............................

.1,308.81.............................

.1,309.42.............................

,1,310.03.............................

.1,310.64.............................

.1,311.25.............................

.1,311.86.............................

.1,312.47.............................

.1,313.08.............................

,1,313.69.............................

.1,314.30.............................

.1,314.91.. .............. .............

.1,315.52.. ...................... .....

1,316.13.............................

.1,316.74.............................

1,317.35.............................

1,317.96..... ...................... ..

. 1,318.56........ ................... ..

. 1,319.17... ................... .......

. 1,319.78... ................. .........

.1,320.39.............................

.1,321.00.............................

,1,321.61.............................

.1,322.22.......... ...................

table 35. Bromine data

Bromine content

(parts per million)

...............144

...............134

...............125

...............125

...............108

...............104

...............151

...............122

...............141

...............126

...............130

...............118

...............143

...............121

...............146

...............141

...............158

...............147

...............134

...............174

...............180

...............168

...............174

...............150

...............173

...............118

...............128

...............137

...............124

...............122

...............127

...............103

...............148

...............147

...............178

.................97

.................94

.................97

...............147

.................95

.................85

...............140

...............136

for the halite bed of

cycle 17, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet)

4,356......

4,358......

(meters)

.1,327.71.............................

.1,328.32.............................

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

...............238

...............287
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M99

Appendix table 35. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 17, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 36. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Depth

(feet)

4,360......

4,362......

4,364......

4,366......

4,368......

4,370......

4,372......

4,374......

4,376......

4,378......

4,380......

4,382......

4,384......

4,386......

4,388......

4,390......

4,392......

4,394......

4,396......

Appendix

(meters)

. 1,328.93........ ................. ....

. 1,329.54... ......................... .

1,330.15... ......................... .

1,330.76.............................

1,331.37... ......................... .

1,331.98... ......................... .

1,332.59.............................

.1,333.20.............................

.1,333.80.............................

.1,334.41....... .............. ........

1,335.02.............................

1,335.63.............................

.1,336.24.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,336.85.............................

.1,337.46.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,338.07.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

. 1,338.68.. ......................... ..

. 1,339.29..... ........................

.1,339.90..... ........................

table 36. Bromine data

Bromine content

(parts per million)

...............243

...............141

...............178

...............176

...............200

...............178

...............190

...............226

...............227

...............241

...............245

...............285

...............312

...............251

...............158

...............108

...............146

...............156

...............273

for the halite bed of

cycle 18, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet)

4,402......

4,404......

4,406......

4,408......

4,410......

4,412......

4,414....,

4,416......

4,418......

4,420......

4,422......

4,424......

4,426....,

4,428,,,

4,430,,,

4,432.,,.

4,434......

4,436,,,

4,438.,,

4,440.,,

4,442,,.

4,444......

4,446.,,

4,448.,,

4,450,,.

4,452.,,

(meters)

.1,341.73.. ..................... ......

.1,342.34.............................

.1,342.95.............................

.1,343.56.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,344.17.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,344.78.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

,1,345.39. ............ ................

. 1,346.00... ......................... .

1,346.61...... ...................... .

1,347.22. ................... .........

.1,347.83,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

.1,348.44.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,349.04.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,349.65.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,350.26.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,350.87.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,351.48.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,352.09,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

.1,352.70.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,353.31,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

.1,353.92.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,354.53.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,355.14.............................

.1,355.75.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,356.36.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

.1,356.97,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

...............285

...............267

...............247

...............280

...............282

...............255

...............269

...............257

...............273

...............310

...............307

...............293

...............323

...............319

...............839

...............183

...............809

...............392

...............378

...............341

...............368

...............336

...............316

...............319

...............290

...............284

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

4,454. 

4,456. 

4,458. 

4,460. 

4,462. 

4,464. 

4,466. 

4,468. 

4,470. 

4,472. 

4,474. 

4,476. 

4,478. 

4,480. 

4,482. 

4,484. 

4,486. 

4,488, 

4,490, 

4,492, 

4,494, 

4,496, 

4,498, 

4,500, 

4,502, 

4,504, 

4,506, 

4,508, 

4,510, 

4,512, 

4,514, 

4,516, 

4,518, 

4,520, 

4,522, 

4,524, 

4,526, 

4,528, 

4,530, 

4,532, 

4,534, 

4,536, 

4,538, 

4,540, 

4,542, 

4,544, 

4,546, 

4,548, 

4,550, 

4,552, 

4,554, 

4,556, 

4,558, 

4,560,

.1,357.58. 

.1,358.19. 

.1,358.80. 

.1,359.41. 

.1,360.02. 

.1,360.63. 

.1,361.24. 

.1,361.85. 

.1,362.46. 

.1,363.07. 

.1,363.68. 

.1,364.28. 

.1,364.89. 

.1,365.50. 

.1,366.11. 

.1,366.72. 

.1,367.33. 

.1,367.94. 

.1,368.55. 

.1,369.16. 

.1,369.77. 

.1,370.38. 

.1,370.99. 

.1,371.60. 

.1,372.21. 

.1,372.82, 

.1,373.43, 

.1,374.04, 

.1,374.65, 

.1,375.26, 

.1,375.87, 

.1,376.48, 

.1,377.09, 

.1,377.70, 

.1,378.31, 

.1,378.92, 

.1,379.52, 

.1,380.13, 

.1,380.74, 

.1,381.35, 

.1,381.96, 

.1,382.57, 

.1,383.18, 

.1,383.79, 

.1,384.40, 

.1,385.01, 

.1,385.62, 

,1,386.23, 

.1,386.84, 

.1,387.45, 

.1,388.06, 

1,388.67, 

1,389.28, 

1,389.89,

,293

,341

,313

,324

,285

,257

,285

,265

,308

,278

,134

,281

,294

.263

.266

.284

.306

.307

.305

.315

.295

.274

.287

.295

.299

.274

.299

.308

.313

.313

.291

.308

.324

.311

.268

.271

.221

.228

.172

.213

.167

.156

.185

.222

.174

.199

.170

.156

.186

.190

.160

.151

.176

.149
M100 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 36. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 36. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

D

(feet)

4,562...

4,564...

4,566...

4,568...

4,570...

4,572...

4,574...

4,576...

4,578...

4,580...

4,582...

4,584...

4,586...

4,588...

4,590...

4,592...

4,594...

4,596...

4,598...

4,600...

4,602...

4,604....

4,606....

4,608....

4,610....

4,612....

4,614....

4,616....

4,618....

4,620....

4,622....

4,624....

4,626....

4,628....

4,630....

4,632....

4,634....

4,636....

4,638....

4,640....

4,642....

4,644....

4,646....

4,648....

4,650....

4,652....

4,654....

4,656....

4,658....

4,660....

4,662....

4,664....

4,666....

4,668....

lepth

(meters)

...1,390.50..................

...1,391.11..................

...1,391.72..................

...1,392.33..................

...1,392.94..................

...1,393.55..................

...1,394.16..................

...1,394.76..................

...1,395.37..................

...1,395.98..................

...1,396.59..................

...1,397.20..................

...1,397.81..................

...1,398.42..................

...1,399.03..................

...1,399.64..................

...1,400.25..................

...1,400.86..................

...1,401.47..................

...1,402.08.. ...... ..........

...1,402.69..................

...1,403.30...................

...1,403.91..................

...1,404.52...................

...1,405.13...................

...1,405.74..................

...1,406.35...................

...1,406.96...................

... 1,407.57... ................

... 1,408.18..... ..............

...1,408.79...................

..1,409.40...................

..1,410.00...................

..1,410.61...................

..1,411.22...................

..1,411.83...................

..1,412.44...................

..1,413.05...................

..1,413.66...................

..1,414.27...................

..1,414.88...................

..1,415.49...................

..1,416.10...................

..1,416.71...................

..1,417.32...................

..1,417.93...................

..1,418.54...................

..1,419.15...................

..1,419.76...................

..1,420.37...................

..1,420.98...................

..1,421.59...................

..1,422.20...................

..1,422.81...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................187

..........................170

..........................154

..........................158

..........................178

..........................151

..........................154

..........................127

..........................136

..........................122

..........................144

..........................140

..........................140

..........................118

..........................168

..........................144

..........................135

..........................154

..........................151

..........................144

..........................137

..........................133

.............:.......... ..146

..........................137

..........................154

..........................140

..........................169

.........................138

.........................143

.........................136

.........................129

..........................121

..........................126

.........................120

.........................133

..........................110

.........................108

.........................163

.........................112

.........................114

.........................123

.........................101

.........................118

.........................103

.........................120

.........................104

...........................94

...........................89

.........................105

.........................124

.........................115

.........................105

.........................112

...........................78

Depth

(feet) (meters)

4,670...... 1,423.42... ..........................

4,672...... 1,424.03... ..........................

4,674...... 1,424. 64........ .....................

4,676... ...1,425.24. ............................ 

4,678..... .1,425.85.. ...........................

4,680.. ....1,426.46.... .........................

4,682...... 1,427.07. ............................

4,684...... 1,427.68......... ....................

4,686.... ..1,428.29.. ...........................

4,688...... 1,428.90... ..........................

4,690... ...1,429.51........... ..................

4,692...... 1,430.12..... ........................

4 694 1 430 73

4 696 1 431 34

4,698...... 1,431.95. ............................

4,700.... ..1,432. 56.. ...........................

4,702. .....1,433. 17... ..........................

4,704... ...1,433.78........... ..................

4,706... ...1,434. 39. ............................

4,708...... 1,435.00. ............................

4,710...... 1,435.61.. ................. ..........

4,712..... .1,436.22.......... ...................

4,714.. ....1,436.83....... ......................

4,716.. ....1,437.44. ............................ 

4,718...... 1,438. 05. ............................

4,720.... ..1,438. 66......... ....................

4,722...... 1,439.27... ..........................

4 724 l 439 88

4,726... ...1,440.48. ............................

4,728...... 1,441. 09.......... ...................

4,730.. ....1,441. 70... ..........................

4732 144231

4,734...... 1,442. 92.. ...........................

4,736.... ..1,443. 53.. ........................... 

4,738. .....1,444. 14... .......................... 

4,740... ...1,444.75.... .........................

4,742... ...1,445. 36. ............................ 

4,744..... .1,445.97.. ...........................

Appendix table 37. Bromine data 

cycle 19, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

4,770.. ....1,453. 90. ............................ 

4 779 1 454 51

4,774.. ....1,455. 12. ............................ 

4,776.. ....1,455. 72. ............................

4,778...... 1,456.33. ............................ 

4,780.. ....1,456.94. ............................ 

4,782...... 1,457.55. ............................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

.................88

...............101

.................71

.................77 

.................83

.................89

.................94

.................75

.................53

.................79

.................60

.................91

.................71

.................78

.................62

.................54

.................83

.................58

.................48

.................72

.................65

.................54

.................80

.................50 

.................46

.................76

.................38

.................34

.................59

.................78

.................55

.................88

.................79

.................57 

.................83 

...............105

...............152 

...............205

for the halite bed of

Bromine content

(parts per million)

...............314 

...............330

...............346 

...............302

...............286 

...............294 

...............307
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M101

Appendix table 37. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 37. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

E

(feet)

4,784...

4,786...

4,788...

4,790...

4,792...

4,794...

4,796...

4,798...

4,800...

4,802...

4,804...

4,806...

4,808...

4,810...

4,812...

4,814...

4,816...

4,818...

4,820...

4,822....

4,824....

4,826...

4,828...,

4,830....

4,832....

4,834..,

4,836..,

4,838,,

4,840,,

4,842,,

4,844,,

4,846,,

4,848,,

4,850,,

4,852,,

4,854,,

4,856,,

4,858,,

4,860,,

4,862,,

4,864,,

4,866,,

4,868,,

4,870,,

4,872,,

4,874,,

4,876,,

4,878,,

4,880,,

4,882,,

4,884,,

4,886,,

4,888,,

4,890,,

)epth

(meters)

.,1,458.16,,,,,,,,,

.,1,458.77,,,,,,,,,

,.1,459.38,,,,,,,,,

,.1,459.99,,,,,,,,,

.,1,460.60,,,,,,,,,

.,1,461.21,,,,,,,,,

,.1,461.82,,,,,,,,,

.,1,462.43,,,,,,,,,

.,1,463.04,,,,,,,,,

.,1,463.65,,,,,,,,,

.,1,464.26,,,,,,,,,

.,1,464.87,,,,,,,,,

,.1,465.48,,,,,,,,,

.,1,466.09,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,466.70.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,467.31.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,467.92,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,468.53.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,469.14,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,469.75.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,470.36.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,470.96,,,,,,,,,.

.,1,471.57.,,,,,,,,,

.,1,472.18.,,,,,,,,,

,1,472.79,,,,,,,,,.

,1,473.40.,,,,,,,,,

,1,474.01.,,,,,,,,,

,1,474.62.,,,,,,,,,

,1,475.23,,,,,,,,,.

,1,475.84.,,,,,,,,,

,1,476.45.,,,,,,,,,

,1,477.06.,,,,,,,,,

,1,477.67,,,,,,,,,.

,1,478.28.,,,,,,,,,

,1,478.89.,,,,,,,,,

,1,479.50,,,, ...........

,1,480.11.,,,,,,,,,

,1,480.72.,,,,,,,,,

,1,481.33.,,,,,,,,,

,1,481.94,,,,,,,,,.

,1,482.55.,,,,,,,,,

,1,483.16.,,,,,,,,,

,1,483.77.,,,,,,,,,

,1,484.38.,,,,,,,,,

,1,484.99.,,,,,,,,,

,1,485.60,,,,,,,,,.

,1,486.20.,,,,,,,,,

,1,486.81.,,,,,,,,,

,1,487.42.,,,,,,,,,

,1,488.03.,,,,,,,,,

,1,488.64.,,,,,,,,,

,1,489.25.,,,,,,,,,

,1,489.86.,,,,,,,,,

..1,490.47...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

,,,,,,,,,,,,,310

,,,,,,,,,,,,,319

,,,,,,,,,,,,,302

,,,,,,,,,,,,,287

,,,,,,,,,,,,,287

,,,,,,,,,,,,,270

..........................272

,,,,,,,,,,,,,286

,,,,,,,,,,,,,270

,,,,,,,,,,,,,264

,,,,,,,,,,,,,250

,,,,,,,,,,,,,207

..........................253

,,,,,,,,,,,,,245

,,,,,,,,,,,,,226

..........................218

,,,,,,,,,,,,.220

,,,,,,,,,,,,.230

.,,,,,,,,,,,,223

.,,,,,,,,,,,,230

,,,,,,,,,,,,.206

.,,,,,,,,,,,,205

.,,,,,,,,,,,,209

.........................151

.........................193

.........................143

.........................141

.........................180

.........................160

.........................178

.........................154

.........................142

.........................138

.........................108

.........................128

.........................119

.,,,,,,,,,,,,,97

.........................118

.........................110

.........................105

.........................115

...........................85

...........................87

...........................99

.........................114

...........................73

...........................91

...........................92

...........................92

...........................79

...........................50

.........................103

...........................80

...........................66

De

(feet)

4,892.,,

4,894.,,

4,896.,,

4,898.,,

4,900.,,

4,902,,.

4,904.,,

4,906.,,

4,908,,.

4,910.,,

4,912.,,

4,914.,,

4,916.,,

4,918.,,

4,920.,,

4,922,,.

4,924.,,

4,926.,,

4,928.,,

4,930,,.

4,932,,.

4,934.,,

4,936.,,

4,938.,,

4,940.,,

4,942,,.

4,944,,.

4,946.,,

4,948.,,

4,950.,,

4,952.,,

4,954.,,

pth

(meters)

.1,491.08,,,,,,,,,.

.1,491.69.,,,,,,,,,

.1,492.30.,,,,,,,,,

.1,492.91,,,,,,,,,.

.1,493.52.,,,,,,,,,

.1,494.13.,,,,,,,,,

.1,494.74.,,,,,,,,,

.1,495.35,,,,,,,,,.

.1,495.96,,,,,,,,,.

.1,496.57.,,,,,,,,,

.1,497.18.,,,,,,,,,

.1,497.79.,,,,,,,,,

.1,498.40.,,,,,,,,,

.1,499.01.,,,,,,,,,

.1,499.62,,,,,,,,,.

.1,500.23,,,,,,,,,.

.1,500.84.,,,,,,,,,

.1,501.44.,,,,,,,,,

.1,502.05.,,,,,,,,,

.1,502.66,,,,,,,,,.

.1,503.27.,,,,,,,,,

.1,503.88,,,,,,,,,.

.1,504.49.,,,,,,,,,

.1,505.10.,,,,,,,,,

.1,505.71,,,,,,,,,.

.1,506.32.,,,,,,,,,

.1,506.93,,,,,,, .....

.1,507.54,,,,,,,,,.

.1,508.15...................

.1,508.76,,,,,,,,,.

.1,509.37.,,,,,,,,,

.1,509.98.,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

...........................90

............................91

.........................106

...........................94

...........................97

...........................70

.........................116

...........................76

...........................99

...........................61

...........................95

...........................93

...........................61

...........................55

...........................70

...........................84

...........................59

...........................81

..... .....................77

...........................63

...........................53

...........................79

...........................78

...........................81

...........................67

...........................68

...........................71

...........................99

.........................104

.........................158

,,,,,,,,,,,,.228

.,,,,,,,,,,,,269

Appendix table 38. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

(feet)

5,020.

5,022.

5,024.

5,026. 

5,028. 

5,030.

5,032.

5,034.

5,036. 

5,038

5,040

5,042

5,044

Depth

(meters)

.. ....1,530.10. ................. .

.. ....1,530.71. ................. .

.. ....1,531.32. ................. .

.. ....1,531.92. ................. . 

...... 1,532.53. .................. 

..... .1,533.14. ..................

1 533 75

... ...1,534.36.... ............. ..

..... .1,534.97.... ............. .. 

,,,1,535.58,,,,,,,,,.

,,,1,536.19,,,,,,,,,.

,,,1,536.80.,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,537.41,,,,,,,,,.

Bromine content

(parts per million)

.........................125

.........................132

.........................107

...........................90 

...........................83 

...........................89

...........................75

...........................69

...........................79 

..........................59

...........................77

...........................71

...........................76
M102 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 38. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 39. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 21, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

(feet)

5,046.

5,048,

5,050.

5,052.

5,054.

5,056.

5,058.

5,060,

5,062.

5,064.

5,066.

Depth

(meters)

......1,538.02..................

......1,538.63..................

......1,539.24..................

......1,539.85..................

......1,540.46..................

......1,541.07..................

......1,541.68..................

......1,542.29..................

.....1,542.90..................

......1,543.51..................

......1,544.12..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................51

............................66

............................66

............................86

............................69

............................60

............................67

............................65

............................70

............................74

............................93

Appendix table 39. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 21, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

(feet)

5,089.

5,091.

5,093.

5,095.

5,097.

5,099.

5,101.

5,103.

5,105.

5,107.

5,109.

5,111.

5,113.

5,115.

5,117.

5,119.

5,121.

5,123.

5,125.

5,127.

5,129.

5,131.

5,133.

5,135.

5,137.

5,139.

5,141.

5,143.

5,145.

5,147.

5,149.

5,151.

5,153.

5,155.

Depth

(meters)

.....1,551.13..................

.....1,551.74..................

.....1,552.35..................

.....1,552.96..................

.....1,553.57..................

.....1,554.18..................

.....1,554.78..................

.....1,555.39..................

.....1,556.00..................

.....1,556.61..................

.....1,557.22..................

.....1,557.83..................

.....1,558.44..................

.....1,559.05..................

.....1,559.66..................

..... 1,560.27........ ..........

.....1,560.88..................

.....1,561.49..................

.....1,562.10..................

.....1,562.71..................

.....1,563.32..................

.....1,563.93..................

.....1,564.54..................

.....1,565.15..................

.....1,565.76..................

.....1,566.37..................

.....1,566.98..................

.....1,567.59..................

.....1,568.20..................

.....1,568.81..................

.....1,569.42..................

... ...1,570.02.. ........ ........

.....1,570.63..................

.....1,571.24..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................312

..........................322

..........................276

..........................288

..........................265

..........................245

..........................250

..........................237

..........................247

..........................246

..........................209

..........................216

..........................221

..........................180

..........................201

..........................164

..........................163

..........................134

..........................140

..........................120

..........................121

..........................130

..........................139

..........................123

..........................144

..........................128

..........................101

..........................113

..........................106

............................94

............................86

............................87

..........................100

............................79

D

(feet)

5,157...

5,159...

5,161...

5,163...

5,165...

5,167...

5,169...

5,171...

5,173...

5,175...

5,177...

5,179...

5,181...

5,183...

5,185...

5,187...

5,189...

5,191...

5,193...

5,195...

5,197...

5,199...

5,201...

5,203...

5,205....

5,207...

5,209...

5,211....

5,213....

5,215....

5,217....

5,219....

5,221....

lepth

(meters)

...1,571.85..................

...1,572.46..................

...1,573.07..................

...1,573.68..................

...1,574.29..................

...1,574.90..................

...1,575.51..................

...1,576.12..................

...1,576.73..................

...1,577.34..................

...1,577.95..................

...1,578.56..................

...1,579.17..................

...1,579.78..................

...1,580.39..................

...1,581.00..................

...1,581.61..................

...1,582.22..................

...1,582.83..................

...1,583.44..................

...1,584.05..................

...1,584.66..................

...1,585.26..................

...1,585.87..................

...1,586.48..................

...1,587.09..................

...1,587.70..................

...1,588.31..................

...1,588.92..................

...1,589.53..................

..1,590.14...................

...1,590.75...................

...1,591.36...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................75

............................69

............................73

............................73

............................83

............................84

............................92

............................81

............................64

............................68

............................95

............................94

............................90

............................81

............................89

............................75

............................84

............................66

............................47

............................52

............................75

............................65

............................81

............................79

............................80

............................64

............................58

............................85

............................55

............................48

............................72

............................50

..........................117

Appendix table 40. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 24, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

(feet)

5,310.

5,312,

5,314,

5,316.

5,318,

5,320

5,322.

5,324.

5,326.

5,328.

5,330,

5,332.

Depth

(meters)

......1,618.49..................

......1,619.10..................

......1,619.71..................

......1,620.32..................

......1,620.93..................

......1,621.54..................

......1,622.15..................

......1,622.76..................

......1,623.36..................

......1,623.97..................

......1,624.58..................

......1.625.19..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................279

..........................302

..........................294

..........................258

..........................292

..........................317

..........................280

..........................284

..........................283

..........................268

..........................255

..........................246
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M103

Appendix table 40. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 24, Gibson Dome No. 1 core Continued.

Appendix table 41. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 25, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

D

(feet)

5,334...

5,336...

5,338...

5,340...

5,342...

5,344...

5,346...

5,348...

5,350...

5,352...

5,354...

5,356...

5,358...

5,360...

5,362...

5,364...

5,366...

5,368...

5,370...

5,372...

5,374...

5,376...

5,378...

5,380...

5,382...

5,384...

5,386...

5,388...

5,390...

5,392...

5,394...

5,396...

5,398...

5,400...

5,402...

5,404...

5,406...

5,408...

5,410...

5,412...

5,414...

5,416...

5,418...

5,420...

5,422...

5,424...

epth

(meters)

...1,625.80..................

...1,626.41..................

...1,627.02..................

...1,627.63..................

...1,628.24..................

...1,628.85..................

...1,629.46..................

...1,630.07..................

...1,630.68..................

...1,631.29..................

...1,631.90..................

...1,632.51..................

...1,633.12..................

...1,633.73..................

...1,634.34..................

...1,634.95..................

...1,635.56..................

...1,636.17..................

...1,636.78..................

...1,637.39..................

...1,638.00..................

...1,638.60..................

...1,639.21..................

...1,639.82..................

...1,640.43..................

...1,641.04..................

...1,641.65..................

...1,642.26..................

...1,642.87..................

...1,643.48..................

...1,644.09..................

...1,644.70..................

...1,645.31..................

...1,645.92..................

...1,646.53..................

...1,647.14..................

...1,647.75..................

...1,648.36..................

...1,648.97..................

...1,649.58..................

...1,650.19..................

...1,650.80..................

...1,651.41..................

...1,652.02..................

...1,652.63..................

...1,653.24..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................262

..........................243

..........................224

..........................188

..........................213

..........................164

..........................132

..........................145

..........................121

..........................116

..........................110

..........................128

............................96

..........................118

..........................112

............................88

............................86

..........................109

............................94

............................91

..........................112

............................73

............................56

............................73

............................54

............................50

............................40

............................69

............................57

............................77

............................58

............................96

............................60

............................52

............................39

............................39

............................69

............................23

............................45

............................43

............................67

............................64

............................35

............................40

............................57

............................48

D

(feet)

5,430...

5,432...

5,434...

5,436...

5,438...

5,440...

5,442...

5,444...

5,446...

5,448...

5,450...

5,452...

5,457...

5,459...

5,461...

5,463...

5,465...

5,467....

5,469...,

5,471....

5,473....

5,475....

5,477....

5,479....

5,481....

5,483....

5,485....

lepth

(meters)

...1,655.06..................

...1,655.67..................

...1,656.28..................

...1,656.89..................

...1,657.50..................

...1,658.11..................

...1,658.72..................

...1,659.33..................

...1,659.94..................

...1,660.55..................

...1,661.16..................

...1,661.77..................

...1,663.29..................

...1,663.90..................

...1,664.51...................

.. .1,665.12.... ... ............

...1,665.73...................

...1,666.34...................

,..1,666.95...................

...1,667.56...................

...1,668.17...................

...1,668.78...................

...1,669.39...................

...1,670.00...................

...1,670.61...................

...1,671.22...................

..1,671.83...................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................65

............................75

............................72

............................62

............................90

............................77

............................72

............................82

............................83

..........................112

............................60

............................65

............................59

............................69

............................71

............................83

...........................79

............................49

...........................47

............................69

............................53

............................84

............................83

............................41

............................69

............................57

............................52

Appendix table 42. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 26, Gibson Dome No. 1 core.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,499,,,1,676.10. 

5,501,,,1,676.70. 

5,503,,,1,677.31. 

5,505,,,1,677.92.

,80

121

,83

,57

Appendix table 43. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

6,470.. ....1,972.06.. ....... .........

6,480...... 1,975. 10... ...............

6,490.. ....1,978.15. .................

6,500.. ....1,981.20. .................

6,510.. ....1.984.25. .................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................78

............................98

............................73

............................65

............................27
M104 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 43. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Appendix table 45. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings Continued.

E

(feet)

6,520...

6,530...

6,540...

6,550...

6,560...

6,570...

6,580...

6,590...

6,600...

6,610...

6,620...

lepth

(meters)

...1,987.30..................

...1,990.34..................

...1,993.39..................

...1,996.44..................

...1,999.49..................

...2,002.54..................

...2,005.58..................

...2,008.63..................

...2,011.68..................

...2,014.73..................

...2,017.78..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................38

............................54

............................64

............................73

............................51

............................89

............................57

............................67

............................48

............................83

............................64

Appendix table 44. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

D

(feet)

6,670...

6,680...

6,690...

6,700...

6,710...

6,720...

6,730...

6,740...

6,750...

6,760...

6,770...

6,780...

6,790...

6,800...

6,810...

6,820...

6,830...

6,840...

6,850...

6,860...

6,870...

6,880...

tepth

(meters)

...2,033.02..................

...2,036.06..................

...2,039.11..................

...2,042.16..................

...2,045.21..................

...2,048.26..................

...2,051.30..................

...2,054.35..................

...2,057.40..................

...2,060.45..................

...2,063.50..................

...2,066.54..................

...2,069.59..................

...2,072.64..................

...2,075.69..................

... 2,078.74.. ...... ..........

...2,081.78..................

...2,084.83..................

...2,087.88..................

...2,090.93..................

...2,093.98..................

...2,097.02..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................118

..........................102

..........................101

..........................100

..........................100

............................91

............................94

............................84

..........................105

............................85

............................85

............................68

............................76

............................75

............................62

............................46

............................64

............................51

............................61

............................66

............................59

............................56

D

(feet)

6,940...

6,950...

6,960...

lepth

(meters)

...2,115.31..................

...2,118.36..................

...2,121.41..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................73

............................91

............................76

Appendix table 46. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,020. 

7,030. 

7,040. 

7,050. 

7,060. 

7,070. 

7,080. 

7,090. 

7,100. 

7,110. 

7,120. 

7,130. 

7,140. 

7,150. 

7,160. 

7,170. 

7,180. 

7,190. 

7,200. 

7,210. 

7,220. 

7,230. 

7,240. 

7,250. 

7,260. 

7,270, 

7,280, 

7,290, 

7,300, 

7,310, 

7,320,

.2,139.70. 

.2,142.74. 

.2,145.79. 

.2,148.84. 

.2,151.89. 

.2,154.94. 

.2,157.98. 

.2,161.03. 

.2,164.08. 

.2,167.13. 

.2,170.18. 

.2,173.22. 

.2,176.27. 

.2,179.32. 

.2,182.37. 

.2,185.42. 

.2,188.46. 

.2,191.51. 

.2,194.56. 

.2,197.61. 

.2,200.66. 

.2,203.70. 

.2,206.75. 

.2,209.80. 

.2,212.85. 

.2,215.90. 

.2,218.94. 

.2,221.99. 

.2,225.04. 

.2,228.09. 

.2,231.14.

.178 

.175 

.184 

.142 

.148 

.128 

.132 

...83 

...34 

.118 

...90 

.137 

.125 

.114 

.125 

.137 

.126 

,118 

,..92 

...85 

...87 

...85 

...60 

...70 

...58 

...68 

...65 

...72 

...62 

...65 

117

Appendix table 45. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,910......2,106.17.

6,920......2,109.22.

6,930......2,112.26.

..86 

..79 

107

Appendix table 47. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,360......2,243.33.

7,370......2,246.38.

132

123
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M105

Appendix table 47. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Appendix table 50. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

Depth

7,380......2,249.42.

7,390......2,252.47.

7,400......2,255.52.

7,410......2,258.57.

7,420......2,261.62.

7,430......2,264.66.

7,440...... 2,267.71.

114

.109 

...81 

...74 

...68 

...58

Appendix table 48. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,960. 

7,970. 

7,980. 

7,990. 

8,000. 

8,010. 

8,020. 

8,030. 

8,040. 

8,050. 

8,060.

.2,426.21. 

.2,429.26. 

.2,432.30. 

.2,435.35. 

.2,438.40. 

.2,441.45. 

.2,444.50. 

.2,447.54. 

.2,450.59. 

.2,453.64. 

.2,456.69.

.107 

...98 

...95 

...82 

.132 

...78 

...46 

...45 

...59 

...60 

...23

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,610......2,319.53.

7,620......2,322.58.

7,630......2,325.62.

7,640......2,328.67.

7,650......2,331.72.

7,660......2,334.77.

148 

...91 

128 

109 

..77 

..55

Appendix table 49. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 14, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet)

7,720...

7,730...

7,740...

7,750...

7,760...

7,770...

7,780...

7,790...

7,800...

7,810...

7,820...

7,830...

7,840...

7,850...

7,860...

7,870...

(meters)

...2,353.06..................

...2,356.10..................

...2,359.15..................

...2,362.20..................

...2,365.25..................

...2,368.30..................

...2,371.34..................

...2,374.39..................

...2,377.44..................

...2,380.49..................

...2,383.54..................

...2,386.58..................

...2,389.63..................

...2,392.68..................

...2,395.73..................

...2,398.78..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................93

............................77

............................58

............................57

............................62

............................62

............................59

............................50

............................68

............................97

............................45

............................44

............................55

............................50

............................46

............................46

Appendix table 51. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,150. 

8,160. 

8,170, 

8,180. 

8,190. 

8,200. 

8,230, 

8,240. 

8,250. 

8,260. 

8,270.

.....2,484.12. 

.....2,487.17. 

.....2,490.22. 

.....2,493.26. 

.....2,496.31. 

.....2,499.36. 

.....2,508.50. 

.....2,511.55. 

.....2,514.60. 

.....2,517.65. 

.....2,520.70.

,118 

.120 

.131 

.111 

.104 

.119 

.148 

.121 

...78. 

...60 

...55

Appendix table 52. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depi;i

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,310. 

8,320. 

8,330. 

8,440. 

8,450. 

8,460. 

8,470. 

8,480. 

8,490. 

8,500. 

8,510. 

8,520. 

8,530. 

8,540.

..2,532.89. 

..2,535.94. 

..2,538.98. 

..2,572.51. 

..2,575.56. 

..2,578.61. 

..2,581.66. 

..2,584.70. 

..2,587.75. 

..2,590.80. 

..2,593.85. 

..2,596.90. 

..2,599.94. 

..2,602.99.

...........144

...........266

...........266

...........287

...........291

...........294

...........285

...........282

...........166

...........168

...........153

...........152

...........119

...........118
M106 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 52. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Appendix table 56. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 25, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

Depth

5,550......2,606.04.

5,560......2,609.09.

.130

.115

Appendix table 53. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet)

8,620...

8,630...

8,640...

8,650...

8,660...

8,670...

8,680...

8,690...

8,700...

(meters)

...2,627.38..................

...2,630.42..................

...2,633.47..................

...2,636.52..................

...2,639.57... ........ .......

...2,642.62..................

...2,645.66..................

...2,648.71..................

...2,651.76..................

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

..........................126

..........................134

..........................155

..........................165

..........................164

..........................137

..........................153

..........................154

..........................125

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

9,110......2,776.73..................

9,120......2,779.78..................

9,130......2,782.82..................

9,140......2,785.87..................

9,150......2,788.92..................

9,160......2,791.97..................

..........................100

..........................100

............................93

............................87

..........................125

............................84

Appendix table 57. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 26, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

9,220......2,810.26........

9,230......2,813.30........

9,240......2,816.35........

9,250......2,819.40........

9,260......2,822.45........

9,270......2,825.50........

..............67

............105

..............95

..............48

..............29

..............42

Appendix table 54. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 21, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,730......2,660.90.

5,740...... 2,663.95.

5,750......2,667.00.

5,760......2,670.05.

5,770......2,673.10.

5,800......2,682.24.

5,810......2,685.29.

.180

.180

.153

.109

.134

.184

.179

Appendix table 55. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 24, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Appendix table 58. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 27, Lone Dome No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

9,310. 

9,320. 

9,330. 

9,340. 

9,350. 

9,360. 

9,370. 

9,380. 

9,390.

.2,837.69. 

.2,840.74. 

.2,843.78. 

.2,846.83. 

.2,849.88. 

.2,852.93. 

.2,855.98. 

.2,859.02. 

.2,862.07.

,106

118

147

,154

.167

.170

.162

155

,177

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

9,000. 

9,010. 

9,020. 

9,030. 

9,040. 

9,060. 

9,070. 

9,080.

.2,743.20. 

.2,746.25. 

.2,749.30. 

.2,752.34. 

.2,755.39. 

.2,761.49. 

.2,764.54. 

.2,767.58.

.171

173

133

.137

.164

.108

.113

...99

Appendix table 59. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,220......1,591.06.

5,230......1,594.10.

5,240......1,597.15.

5,250......1,600.20.

5,260......1,603.25.

5,270......1,606.30.

104 

..74 

..74 

..54 

..62 

..62
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M107

Appendix table 59. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,280......1,609.34.

5,290......1,612.39.

5,300......1,615.44.

5,310......1,618.49.

5,320......1,621.54.

.78 

.62 

.74 

.74 

.62

Appendix table 60. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,350. 

5,360. 

5,370. 

5,380. 

5,390. 

5,400. 

5,410. 

5,420. 

5,430. 

5,440. 

5,450. 

5,460. 

5,470. 

5,480. 

5,490.

.1,630.68. 

.1,633.73. 

.1,636.78. 

,1,639.82. 

.1,642.87. 

.1,645.92. 

.1,648.97. 

.1,652.02. 

.1,655.06. 

.1,658.11. 

,1,661.16.

1,664.21.

1,667.26.

1,670.30.

1,673.35.

.160

.166

.140

.166

.162

,172

,112

,143

.140

,121

.128

115

113

136

106

Appendix table 61. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet)

5,550...

5,560...

5,570...

5,580...

5,590...

5,600...

5,610...

5,620...

5,630...

5,640...

5,650...

5,660...

5,670...

5,680...

5,690...

5,700...

(meters)

...1,691.64..................

...1,694.69..................

...1,697.74..................

...1,700.78..................

...1,703.83..................

...1,706.88..................

...1,709.93..................

...1,712.98..................

...1,716.02..................

...1,719.07..................

...1,722.12..................

...1,725.17..................

...1,728.22..................

...1,731.26..................

.. .1,734.31.. ........... .....

...1,737.36..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................163

..........................163

..........................192

..........................220

..........................226

..........................272

..........................226

..........................229

..........................203

..........................206

..........................176

..........................176

..........................154

..........................139

..........................152

..........................156

Appendix table 61. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet)

5,710...

5,720...

5,730...

5,740...

5,750...

5,760...

5,770...

5,780...

5,790...

5,800...

5,810...

5,820...

5,830...

5,840...

5,850...

5,860...

5,870...

5,880...

(meters)

...1,740.41..................

...1,743.46..................

...1,746.50..................

... 1,749.55... ............. ..

...1,752.60..................

...1,755.65..................

...1,758.70..................

...1,761.74..................

...1,764.79..................

...1,767.84..................

...1,770.89..................

...1,773.94..................

...1,776.98..................

...1,780.03..................

...1,783.08..................

...1,786.13..................

...1,789.18..................

,.1,792.22..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................148

.........................156

..........................152

..........................146

..........................152

..........................150

..........................140

..........................132

..........................133

..........................136

..........................148

..........................160

..........................182

..........................166

..........................182

..........................168

..........................210

..........................166

Appendix table 62. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 7, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,910.,

5,920.,

5,930,.

5,940.,

5,950.,

5,960.,

5,970.,

5,980.,

5,990,.

6,000.,

6,010.,

6,020....

.,1,801.37,,,,,,,,,,,

,.1,804.42,,,,,,,,,,,

.,1,807.46,,,,,,,,,,,

.,1,810.51,,,,,,,,,,,

...1,813.56......................

,.1,816.61,,,,,,,,,,,

...1,819.66......................

.,1,822.70,,,,,,,,,,,

...1,825.75......................

...1,828.80......................

.,1,831.85,,,,,,,,,,,

.,1,834.90,,,,,,,,,,,

......................211

,,,,,,,,,,,204

,,,,,,,,,,,204

......................198

......................204

......................196

......................214

......................144

......................133

......................138

......................163

......................178

Appendix table 63. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,030,,,1,837.94. 

6,040, ,,1,840.99. 

6,050,,,1,844.04. 

6,060, ,,1,847.09. 

6,070,,,1,850.14. 

6,080,,,1,853.18.

.130

.138

.138

.130

.122

.134
M108 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 63. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Appendix table 65. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

6,090...... 1,856.23.... ..............

6,100...... 1,859.28............ ......

6,110...... 1,862.33............ ......

6,120...... 1,865.38...... ............

6,130...... 1,868.42... ...............

6,140... ...1,871.47........ ..........

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................114

..........................121

..........................111

..........................110

..........................102

..........................108

Appendix table 64. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

(feet)

6,180.

6,190.

6,200,

6,210,

6,220,

6,230.

6,240,

6,250.

6,260.

6,270.

6,280.

6,290.

6,300.

6,310.

6,320.

6,330.

6,340.

6,350.

6,360.

6,370.

6,380.

6,390.

6,400.

6,410.

6,420.

6,430.

Depth

(meters)

......1,883.66..................

......1,886.71..................

......1,889.76..................

......1,892.81..................

......1,895.86..................

......1,898.90..................

......1,901.95..................

.. ....1,905.00.. .......... ......

......1,908.05..................

.....1,911.10..................

.... ..1,914.14. ...... ...........

......1,917.19..................

......1,920.24..................

.... ..1,923.29. ....... ......... .

......1,926.34..................

.....1,929.38..................

.....1,932.43..................

.....1,935.48..................

.....1,938.53..................

.....1,941.58..................

.....1,944.62..................

.....1,947.67..................

.....1,950.72..................

.....1,953.77..................

.....1,956.82..................

.....1,959.86..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................196

..........................211

..........................240

..........................250

..........................218

..........................244

..........................231

..........................244

..........................174

..........................182

..........................185

..........................182

..........................229

..........................144

..........................148

..........................148

..........................137

..........................144

..........................152

..........................100

..........................115

..........................146

..........................108

..........................126

..........................100

............................86

(feet)

6,480.

6,490.

6,500.

6,510.

6,520.

6,530.

6,540.

6,550.

Depth

(meters)

.... ..1,975.10.... ....... .......

......1,978.15..................

......1,981.20..................

...... 1,984.25........... .......

1 987 30

.....1,990.34..................

.....1,993.39..................

.....1,996.44..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................182

..........................160

..........................163

..........................172

..........................138

..........................134

..........................126

..........................123

Appendix table 66. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,680. 

6,690. 

6,700. 

6,710. 

6,720. 

6,730. 

6,740. 

6,750. 

6,760. 

6,770. 

6,780. 

6,790. 

6,800. 

6,810. 

6,820. 

6,830. 

6,840. 

6,850. 

6,860. 

6,870. 

6,880. 

6,890.,

.2,036.06. 

.2,039.11. 

.2,042.16. 

.2,045.21. 

.2,048.26. 

.2,051.30. 

.2,054.35. 

.2,057.40. 

.2,060.45. 

.2,063.50. 

.2,066.54. 

.2,069.59. 

.2,072.64. 

.2,075.69. 

.2,078.74. 

.2,081.78. 

.2,084.83. 

.2,087.88. 

.2,090.93. 

.2,093.98. 

.2,097.02. 

.2,100.07.

.241

.301

.294

.260

.229

.242

.230

.198

.208

.200

.182

.174

.166

.159

.150

.148

.134

.152

.138

.136

.130

.122

Appendix table 65. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,440......1,962.91.

6,450......1,965.96.

6,460......1,969.01.

6,470......1,972.06.

.165

163

182

165

Appendix table 67. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 14, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,110......2,167.13.

7,120......2,170.18.

7,130......2,173.22.

7,140......2,176.27.

7,150......2,179.32.

7,160......2,182.37.

.144

,122

,116

,152

108

116
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M109

Appendix table 67. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 14, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

E

(feet)

7,170...

7,180...

7,190...

7,200...

7,210...

7,220...

7,230...

7,240...

7,250...

7,260...

7,270...

7,280...

7,290...

7,300...

7,310...

7,320...

7,330...

7,340...

lepth

(meters)

...2,185.42..................

...2,188.46..................

...2,191.51..................

...2,194.56..................

...2,197.61..................

...2,200.66..................

...2,203.70..................

...2,206.75..................

...2,209.80..................

...2,212.85..................

...2,215.90..................

...2,218.94..................

...2,221.99..................

...2,225.04..................

...2,228.09..................

...2,231.14..................

...2,234.18..................

...2,237.23..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................97

............................94

............................89

............................84

............................78

............................94

............................86

............................70

............................76

............................66

............................76

............................70

............................42

............................54

............................42

............................54

............................58

............................78

Appendix table 69. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,580......2,310.38.

7,590......2,313.43.

7,600......2,316.48.

.62 

.86 

.62

Appendix table 70. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 17, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,620......2,322.58.

7,630......2,325.62.

7,640......2,328.67.

7,650......2,331.72.

116 

..46 

..62 

..82

Appendix table 68. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 15, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,350......2,240.28.

7,360......2,243.33.

7,370......2,246.38.

7,380......2,249.42.

7,390......2,252.47.

7,400......2,255.52.

7,410......2,258.57.

144 

120 

108 

...86 

...78 

...78 

...78

Appendix table 69. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,470. 

7,480. 

7,490. 

7,500. 

7,510. 

7,520. 

7,530. 

7,540. 

7,550. 

7,560. 

7,570.

.2,276.86. 

.2,279.90. 

.2,282.95. 

.2,286.00. 

.2,289.05. 

.2,292.10. 

.2,295.14. 

.2,298.19. 

.2,301.24. 

.2,304.29. 

.2,307.34.

113 

104 

108 

112 

...86 

...54 

...80 

...70 

...62 

...62 

...66

Appendix table 71. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,660. 

7,670. 

7,680. 

7,690. 

7,700. 

7,710. 

7,720. 

7,730. 

7,740. 

7,750. 

7,760. 

7,770. 

7,780. 

7,790. 

7,800. 

7,810. 

7,820. 

7,830. 

7,840. 

7,850. 

7,860. 

7,870. 

7,880. 

7,890.

.2,334.77. 

.2,337.82. 

.2,340.86. 

.2,343.91. 

.2,346.96. 

.2,350.01. 

.2,353.06. 

.2,356.10. 

.2,359.15. 

.2,362.20. 

.2,365.25. 

.2,368.30. 

.2,371.34. 

.2,374.39. 

.2,377.44. 

.2,380.49. 

.2,383.54. 

.2,386.58. 

.2,389.63. 

.2,392.68. 

.2,395.73. 

.2,398.78. 

.2,401.82. 

.2,404.87.

.160

.140

.166

.162

.152

.155

.144

.144

.148

.146

.132

.128

.130

,130

.135

.130

,116

...99

...95

,119

...97 

134 

.126
MHO EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 72. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

E

(feet)

7,900...

7,910...

7,920...

7,930...

7,940...

7,950...

7,960...

7,970...

7,980...

7,990...

8,000...

8,010...

8,020...

8,030...

8,040...

8,050...

8,060...

8,070...

8,080...

8,090...

8,100...

8,110...

8,120...

8,130...

8,140...

8,150...

>epth

(meters)

...2,407.92..................

...2,410.97..................

...2,414.02..................

...2,417.06..................

...2,420.11..................

...2,423.16..................

...2,426.21..................

...2,429.26..................

...2,432.30..................

...2,435.35..................

...2,438.40..................

...2,441.45..................

...2,444.50..................

...2,447.54..................

...2,450.59..................

...2,453.64..................

...2,456.69..................

...2,459.74..................

...2,462.78..................

...2,465.83..................

...2,468.88..................

...2,471.93..................

...2,474.98...................

...2,478.02..................

...2,481.07..................

...2,484.12..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................208

..........................205

..........................205

..........................246

..........................222

..........................229

..........................274

..........................188

..........................166

..........................214

..........................172

..........................182

..........................188

..........................198

..........................166

..........................218

..........................208

..........................210

..........................214

............................62

............................62

............................74

............................70

............................62

............................71

............................82

Appendix table 73. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

D

(feet)

8,200...

8,210...

8,220...

8,230...

8,240...

8,250...

8,260...

8,270...

8,280...

8,290...

8,300...

tepth

(meters)

...2,499.36..................

...2,502.41..................

...2,505.46..................

...2,508.50..................

...2,511.55..................

...2,514.60..................

...2,517.65..................

...2,520.70..................

...2,523.74..................

...2,526.79..................

...2,529.84..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

235

..........................222

203

..........................226

..........................226

..........................214

............................93

..........................126

..........................122

............................96

..........................154

Appendix table 74. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 21, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,340......2,542.03.

5,350......2,545.08.

5,360......2,548.13.

5,370...... 2,551.18.

5,380......2,554.22.

5,390......2,557.27.

5,400......2,560.32.

5,410......2,563.37.

5,420......2,566.42.

5,430......2,569.46.

5,440......2,572.51.

.270

.316

.312

.156

.170

.166

.157

.174

.212

.106

.106

Appendix table 75. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 23, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,490......2,587.75.

8,510......2,593.85.

8,520......2,596.90.

Ill 

..78 

..98

Appendix table 76. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 24, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,530. 

8,540. 

8,550. 

8,560. 

8,570. 

8,580. 

8,590. 

8,600. 

8,610. 

8,620. 

8,630. 

8,640. 

8,650. 

8,660. 

8,670. 

8,680. 

8,690.

.2,599.94. 

.2,602.99. 

.2,606.04. 

.2,609.09. 

.2,612.14. 

.2,615.18. 

.2,618.23. 

.2,621.28. 

.2,624.33. 

.2,627.38. 

.2,630.42. 

.2,633.47. 

.2,636.52. 

.2,639.57. 

.2,642.62. 

.2,645.66. 

.2,648.71.

.176

,126

.182

.182

.142

.184

.132

.140

.176

.183

.163

.172

.157

.164

.166

.122

...95
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO Mill

Appendix table 77. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 25, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Appendix table 80. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 28, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

Depth

5,700......2,651.76.

5,710......2,654.81.

5,720......2,657.86.

5,730......2,660.90.

.130

.126

Appendix table 78. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 26, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,750......2,667.00.

5,760......2,670.05.

5,770......2,673.10.

5,780......2,676.14.

112

108

...86

104

Appendix table 79. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 27, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,790......2,679.19.

5,800......2,682.24.

5,810......2,685.29.

5,820......2,688.34.

5,830......2,691.38.

5,840......2,694.43.

5,850..,...2,697.48.

124

122

..98

104 

..86 

..58

Appendix table 80. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 28, Chevron Federal No. 1 cuttings.

D

(feet)

8,860...

8,870...

8,880...

8,890...

8,900...

8,910...

8,920...

8,930...

8,940...

8,950...

8,960...

8,970...

epth

(meters)

...2,700.53..................

...2,703.58..................

...2,706.62..................

...2,709.67..................

...2,712.72..................

...2,715.77..................

...2,718.82..................

...2,721.86..................

...2,724.91..................

...2,727.96..................

...2,731.01..................

...2.734.06..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................108

............................93

............................74

............................78

............................66

............................82

............................54

............................66

............................50

............................62

............................70

............................62

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,980......2,737.10.

8,990......2,740.15.

9,000......2,743.20.

9,010......2,746.25.

9,020......2,749.30.

9,030......2,752.34.

9,040......2,755.39.

.70 

.86 

.62 

.58 

.82 

.46 

.74

Appendix table 81. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 4, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,440...... 1,658.11.

5,450......1,661.16.

5,460...... 1,664.21.

5,470...... 1,667.26.

5,480......1,670.30.

5,490......1,673.35.

5,500......1,676.40.

5,510......1,679.45.

.72 

.83 

.73 

.61 

.65 

.53 

.31 

.50

Appendix table 82. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 5, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

(feet)

5,550,

5,560.

5,570.

5,580.

5,590.

5,600,

5,610.

5,620.

5,630.

5,640.

Depth

(meters)

,....1,691.64..................

,....1,694.69................

,,,1,697.74,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,700.78,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,703.83,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,706.88,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,709.93,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,712.98,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,716.02,,,,,,,,,

,,,1,719.07,,,,,,,,,

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................145

..........................149

..........................141

..........................151

..........................146

..........................134

..........................115

..........................107

............................91

............................62

Appendix table 83. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

5,770,,,1,758.70. 

5,780,,,1,761.74.

.122

150
M112 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 83. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 6, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Appendix table 85. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 8, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet)

5,790.....

5,800.....

5,810.....

5,820.....

5,830.....

5,840.....

5,850.....

5,860.....

5,870.....

5,880.....

5,890.....

5,900.....

5,910.....

5,920.....

5,930.....

5,940.....

5,950.....

5,960.....

5,970.....

5,980.....

5,990.....

6,000.....

6,010.....

6,020.....

6,030.....

6,040.....

6,050......

6,060.....

6,070......

6,080......

Appendix

cycle 7, Eg

(meters)

.1,764.79.............................

.1,767.84.............................

.1,770.89.............................

.1,773.94.............................

.1,776.98.............................

.1,780.03.............................

.1,783.08.............................

.1,786.13.............................

.1,789.18.............................

.1,792.22.............................

.1,795.27.............................

.1,798.32.............................

.1,801.37.............................

.1,804.42.............................

.1,807.46.............................

.1,810.51.............................

.1,813.56.............................

.1,816.61.............................

.1,819.66.............................

.1,822.70.............................

.1,825.75.............................

.1,828.80.............................

.1,831.85.............................

.1,834.90.............................

.1,837.94.... ......... ................

.1,840.99.............................

.1,844.04.............................

.1,847.09.............................

.1,850.14.............................

.1,853.18.............................

table 84. Bromine data 

;nar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet)

6,100......

6,110......

6,120......

6,130......

6,140......

6,150......

6,160......

6,170......

(meters)

,1,859.28.............................

.1,862.33.............................

,1,865.38.............................

,1,868.42.............................

. 1,871.47...................... ...... .

.1,874.52.............................

. 1,877.57..... ................. .......

.1,880.62.............................

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

137

137

...............154

...............141

...............121

...............110

...............118

...............115

...............113

...............111

.................88

...............105

.................99

...............108

.................68

.................67

.................68

.................90

.................83

.................83

.................75

.................96

.................75

.................76

.................75

.................68

.................65

.................69

.................87

...............110

for the halite bed of

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

...............116

...............102

.................70

...............103

.................63

.................41

.................35

.................74

(feet)

6,180.

6,190.

6,200.

6,210.

6,220.

6,230.

6,240.

6,250.

6,260.

6,270.

6,280.

6,290.

6,300.

Depth

(meters)

......1,883.66..................

......1,886.71..................

......1,889.76..................

......1,892.81..................

.... ..1,895.86.... ... ...........

...... 1,898.90.... ........... ...

...... 1,901.95... ......... ......

... ...1,905.00... ............. ..

......1,908.05..................

......1,911.10..................

...... 1,914.14.......... ...... ..

.....1,917.19..................

.....1,920.24..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

............................64

............................50

............................23

............................45

............................17

............................38

............................48

............................55

............................72

............................52

............................45

............................45

............................35

Appendix table 86. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 9, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

(feet)

6,360,

6,370.

6,380.

6,390.

6,400.

6,410.

6,420.

6,430.

6,440.

6,450.

6,460.

6,470.

6,480.

6,490.

6,500.

6,510.

Depth

(meters)

......1,938.53..................

......1,941.58..................

......1,944.62..................

.... ..1,947.67.... ... ...........

...... 1,950.72....... ...........

...... 1,953.77...... ...... ......

...... 1,956.82.... ............. .

.....1,959.86..................

.. ....1,962.91..... ............ .

.....1,965.96..................

... ..1,969.01.... ............. .

.....1,972.06..................

.....1,975.10..................

.....1,978.15..................

.....1,981.20..................

.....1,984.25..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................182

..........................151

..........................175

..........................174

..........................140

..........................132

..........................119

..........................117

............................86

............................78

............................98

............................76

..........................103

............................68

............................76

............................57

Appendix table 87. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,550......1,996.44.

6,560...... 1,999.49.

6,570......2,002.54.

6,580......2,005.58.

6,590......2,008.63.

6,600......2,011.68.

6,610......2,014.73.

.106

...84

,104

...94

101

109

102
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO Ml 13

Appendix table 87. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 10, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,620......2,017.78.

6,630......2,020.82.

6,640......2,023.87.

6,650......2,026.92.

.105 

...81 

...94 

..82

Appendix table 88. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 11, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,700......2,042.16.

6,710......2,045.21.

6,720......2,048.26.

6,730......2,051.30.

6,740......2,054.35.

6,750......2,057.40.

6,760......2,060.45.

105 

...91 

...80 

..78 

...68 

..61 

..70

Appendix table 89. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 13, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

E

(feet)

6,810...

6,820...

6,830...

6,840...

6,850...

6,860...

6,870...

6,880...

6,890...

6,900...

6,910...

6,920...

lepth

(meters)

...2,075.69..................

...2,078.74..................

...2,081.78..................

...2,084.83..................

...2,087.88..................

...2,090.93..................

...2,093.98..................

...2,097.02..................

...2,100.07..................

...2,103.12..................

...2,106.17..................

...2,109.22..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................160

..........................128

..........................147

..........................145

..........................118

..........................108

..........................104

............................77

............................49

............................67

............................56

............................75

Appendix table 90. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 14, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,010. 

7,020. 

7,030. 

7,040. 

7,050. 

7,060. 

7,070. 

7,080. 

7,090. 

7,100. 

7,110. 

7,120.

.2,136.65. 

.2,139.70. 

.2,142.74. 

.2,145.79. 

.2,148.84. 

.2,151.89. 

.2,154.94. 

.2,157.98. 

.2,161.03. 

.2,164.08. 

.2,167.13. 

.2,170.18.

.66 

.86 

.82 

.95

,104 

...60 

...73 

...65 

...58 

...46 

...58

Appendix table 91. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 16, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,190. 

7,200. 

7,210. 

7,220. 

7,230. 

7,240. 

7,250. 

7,260. 

7,270. 

7,280. 

7,290. 

7,300. 

7,310. 

7,320. 

7,330.

.2,191.51. 

.2,194.56. 

.2,197.61. 

.2,200.66. 

.2,203.70. 

.2,206.75. 

.2,209.80. 

.2,212.85. 

.2,215.90. 

.2,218.94. 

.2,221.99. 

.2,225.04. 

.2,228.09. 

.2,231.14. 

.2,234.18.

106 

...93 

...75 

...78 

...36 

...45 

...31 

...35 

...34 

..49 

..35 

..75 

..83 

..92 

..68

Appendix table 92. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 17, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Appendix table 90. Bromine data for the halite bed of

cycle 14, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

6,970......2,124.46.

6,980......2,127.50.

6,990......2,130.55.

7,000......2,133.60.

.83 

.62 

.66 

.67

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,360......2,243.33..................

7,370......2,246.38..................

7,380......2,249.42..................

7,390......2,252.47..................

.92 

.68 

.80
M114 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 93. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 18, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

D

(feet)

7,400...

7,410...

7,420...

7,430...

7,440...

7,450...

7,460...

7,470...

7,480...

7,490...

7,500...

7,510...

7,520...

7,530...

7,540...

7,550...

7,560...

7,570...

7,580...

7,590...

7,600...

7,610...

 epth

(meters)

...2,255.52..................

...2,258.57..................

...2,261.62..................

...2,264.66..................

...2,267.71..................

...2,270.76..................

...2,273.81..................

...2,276.86..................

...2,279.90..................

...2,282.95..................

...2,286.00..................

...2,289.05..................

...2,292.10..................

...2,295.14..................

...2,298.19..................

...2,301.24..................

...2,304.29..................

...2,307.34..................

...2,310.38..................

...2,313.43..................

...2,316.48..................

...2,319.53..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................127

..........................125

..........................142

..........................130

..........................142

..........................136

..........................115

..........................125

..........................136

..........................137

..........................135

..........................121

..........................126

..........................131

..........................121

..........................143

............................99

............................99

............................91

............................90

............................82

..........................102

Appendix table 94. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

7,900. 

7,910. 

7,920. 

7,930. 

7,940. 

7,950. 

7,960. 

7,970. 

7,980. 

7,990. 

8,000. 

8,010. 

8,020. 

8,030. 

8,040. 

8,050. 

8,060.

.2,407.92. 

.2,410.97. 

.2,414.02. 

.2,417.06. 

.2,420.11. 

.2,423.16. 

.2,426.21. 

.2,429.26. 

.2,432.30. 

.2,435.35. 

.2,438.40. 

.2,441.45. 

.2,444.50. 

.2,447.54. 

.2,450.59. 

.2,453.64. 

.2,456.69.

.141

.106

.105

.170

.170

.148

.135

.150

.132

.127

.135

.121

.116

.136

.127

. IL

.53

Appendix table 95. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

Appendix table 94. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 19, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet)

7,670...

7,680...

7,690...

7,700...

7,710...

7,720...

7,730...

7,740...

7,750...

7,760...

7,770...

7,780...

7,790...

7,800...

7,810...

7,820...

7,830...

7,840...

7,850...

7,860...

7,870...

7,880...

7,890...

(meters)

...2,337.82..................

...2,340.86..................

...2,343.91..................

...2,346.96..................

...2,350.01..................

...2,353.06..................

...2,356.10..................

...2,359.15..................

...2,362.20..................

...2,365.25..................

...2,368.30..................

...2,371.34..................

...2,374.39..................

...2,377.44..................

...2,380.49..................

...2,383.54..................

...2,386.58..................

...2,389.63..................

...2,392.68..................

...2,395.73..................

...2,398.78..................

...2,401.82..................

...2,404.87..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................231

..........................239

..........................262

..........................275

..........................269

..........................264

..........................224

..........................220

..........................153

..........................142

..........................185

..........................205

..........................158

..........................182

..........................204

..........................188

..........................159

..........................175

..........................188

..........................209

..........................210

..........................142

..........................141

8,110. 

8,120. 

8,130. 

8,140. 

8,150. 

8,160. 

8,170. 

8,180. 

8,190. 

8,200. 

8,210. 

8,220. 

8,230. 

8,240. 

8,250. 

8,260. 

8,270. 

8,280. 

8,290. 

8,300. 

8,310. 

8,320. 

8,330. 

8,340. 

8,350. 

8,360. 

8,370. 

8,380.

.2,471.93. 

.2,474.98. 

.2,478.02. 

.2,481.07. 

.2,484.12. 

.2,487.17. 

.2,490.22. 

.2,493.26. 

.2,496.31. 

.2,499.36. 

.2,502.41. 

.2,505.46. 

.2,508.50. 

.2,511.55. 

.2,514.60. 

.2,517.65. 

.2,520.70. 

.2,523.74. 

.2,526.79. 

.2,529.84. 

.2,532.89. 

.2,535.94. 

.2,538.98. 

.2,542.03. 

.2,545.08. 

.2,548.13. 

.2,551.18. 

.2,554.22.

.173 

.169 

.169 

.172 

.175 

.193 

.177 

.186 

.178 

.168 

.167 

.151 

.123 

.118 

.117 

,..72 

...81 

...57 

.100 

.117 

,143 

.124 

.128 

...96 

...76 

.109 

...51 

...49
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M115

Appendix table 95. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 20, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,390......2,557.27.

8,400......2,560.32.

.25 

.37

Appendix table 96. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 21, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

D

(feet)

8,420...

8,430...

8,440...

8,450...

8,460...

8,470...

8,480...

8,490...

8,500...

8,510...

8,520...

8,530...

8,540...

8,550...

8,560...

8,570...

8,580...

8,590...

8,600...

8,610...

lepth

(meters)

...2,566.42..................

...2,569.46..................

...2,572.51..................

...2,575.56..................

...2,578.61..................

...2,581.66..................

...2,584.70..................

...2,587.75..................

...2,590.80..................

...2,593.85..................

...2,596.90..................

...2,599.94..................

...2,602.99..................

...2,606.04..................

...2,609.09..................

...2,612.14..................

...2,615.18..................

...2,618.23..................

...2,621.28..................

...2,624.33..................

Bromine content

(parts per million)

..........................186

..........................218

..........................234

..........................228

..........................226

..........................202

..........................194

..........................164

..........................183

..........................199

..........................183

..........................195

..........................197

..........................160

..........................139

..........................110

............................77

..........................104

............................50

............................31

Appendix table 98. Bromine data for the halite bed of

cycle 23, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

*,780...... 2,676.14.

3,790......2,679.19.

J,800...... 2,682.24.

J,810...... 2,685.29.

J.820...... 2,688.34.

J.830...... 2,691.38.

J,840...... 2,694.43.

J,850......2,697.48.

...71 

...96 

...93 

109 

...86 

...94 

...59 

..73

Appendix table 99. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 25, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,930. 

8,940. 

8,950. 

8,960. 

8,970. 

8,980. 

8,990. 

9,000. 

9,010. 

9,020.

.2,721.86. 

.2,724.91. 

.2,727.96. 

.2,731.01. 

.2,734.06. 

.2,737.10. 

.2,740.15. 

.2,743.20. 

.2,746.25. 

.2,749.30.

.56 

.44 

.42 

.73 

.72 

.49 

.59 

.63 

.67 

.54

Appendix table 100. Bromine data for the halite bed of

cycle 27, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Appendix table 97. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 22, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

Depth

(feet) (meters)

Bromine content 

(parts per million)

8,710......2,654.81.

8,720......2,657.86.

8,730......2,660.90.

8,740......2,663.95.

8,750......2,667.00.

8,760......2,670.05.

8,770......2,673.10.

.117 

.115 

.112 

.124 

.102 

...85 

...71

9,060. 

9,070. 

9,080. 

9,090. 

9,100. 

9,110. 

9,120. 

9,130. 

9,140. 

9,150. 

9,160. 

9,170. 

9,180. 

9,190. 

9,200. 

9,210. 

9,220. 

9,230.

.2,761.49. 

.2,764.54. 

.2,767.58. 

.2,770.63. 

.2,773.68. 

.2,776.73. 

.2,779.78. 

.2,782.82. 

.2,785.87. 

.2,788.92. 

.2,791.97. 

.2,795.02. 

.2,798.06. 

.2,801.11. 

.2,804.16. 

.2,807.21. 

.2,810.26. 

.2,813.30.

.217

.224

.213

.199

.216

.206

.206

.205

.198

.159

.115

.126

.170

.162

.181

.179

.171

.167
Ml 16 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS PARADOX BASIN

Appendix table 100. Bromine data for the halite bed of

cycle 27, Egnar No. 1 cuttings Continued.

______Depth_____ Bromine content

(feet)____(meters)_______________(parts per million) 

9,240......2,816.35............................................ 123

9,250......2,819.40..............................................78

9,260...... 2,822.45..............................................72

9,270......2,825.50............................................ 103

9,280......2,828.54..............................................57

9,290...... 2,831.59..............................................39

9,300...... 2,834.64..............................................41

9,310......2,837.69..............................................68

Appendix table 101. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 28, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

____Depth_____ Bromine content 

(feet) (meters) __ (parts per million) 

9,350......2,849.88............................................193

9,360......2,852.93............................................175

9,370......2,855.98............................................167

9,380......2,859.02............................................168

9,390......2,862.07............................................ 167

9,400......2,865.12..............................................59

9,410......2,868.17..............................................61

9,420......2,871.22............................................ 150

9,430......2,874.26............................................170

9,440......2,877.31..............................................23

9,450......2,880.36..............................................53

9,460......2,883.41..............................................45

9,470......2,886.46..............................................53

9,480......2,889.50..............................................50

9,490......2,892.55..............................................49

9,500......2,895.60..............................................38

9,510......2,898.65..............................................39

9,520......2,901.70..............................................40

9,530......2,904.74..............................................35

9,540......2,907.79..............................................41

Appendix table 102. Bromine data for the halite bed of 

cycle 29, Egnar No. 1 cuttings.

____Depth_____ Bromine content 

(feet)____(meters)_______________(parts per million)

9,560......2,913.89..............................................24

9,570......2,916.94..............................................49

9,580......2,919.98..............................................28
BROMINE GEOCHEMISTRY, MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIAN PARADOX FM., UTAH AND COLORADO M117

Appendix table 103. Tabulation of halite beds and average bromine values for samples from five coreholes and for 

cuttings from three wells in the Paradox Basin.

[Values in parts per million. Leaders (--) indicate no data]

Halite

bed

1.. ......

1. .......

3........

4........

5

6........

1 ........

8........

9........

10

11.......

12.......

13.......

14.......

15

16.......

17.......

18.......

19.......

20

21.......

22.......

23.......

24.......

25

26.......

27 .......

28.......

29.......

Cane Creek Shafer

No. 1 No. 1

__

......... 110.4...........................

.........107.6...........................

....... ..137.3 ............. ..87.5.......

....... ..168.7.. ....... ....147.3.......

.............................. 135.8.. .....

..............................122.2.......

................................99.7.......

..............................103.3.......

................................98.3.......

................................95..........

..............................191.2.......

__

............................................

_

__

__

_.

............................................

__

__

__

............................................

__

__

__

Utah Elk Ridge Gibson Dome

No. 2 No. 1 No. 1

...... 112.6...............................................

... ......... . ....- . .. .

.. ....141.7.. ............................................ .

...... 158.7..... .............................. 57.8 ......

..................................................84.8......

.............................67.4............. 181.4......

............................. 92.4............. 105. ........

.................................................95.9......

.......................... ...81.5. ........ ....115.3 ......

............ . . . .........................111.2......

_

__

........................... ..79.6..... ........ 199.6......

............................................... 102.9......

............................................... 161.4. ... ..

.......................... .117.9.... ......... 138.4......

...............................................209.3......

...............................................189.9......

...............................................155.6......

.................................................78.5......

...............................................126.........

._

..

.............................................132.6......

.................................................69.6......

.................................................85.2......

_.

__

Lone Dome

No. 1

 ......

... ...........

 . ..

...................

......... 64.3... ..

.........79.5.....

.........85.3.....

.......105.4.....

.........95.2.....

_

.......101.3.....

.........60.6.....

...................

.........75........

 .. ..

.......105.9.....

.......202.2.....

.......145.9.....

.......159.8.....

 . ..

 .....

.......137.2.....

.........98.2.....

.........64.3.....

.......150.7.....

 ... ..

Chevron

Federal No. 1

............ .

........ .................

. .. .. .. . .... . .

..........70.9........

........ 138.7........

........172.9........

........182.2........

........ 121.5........

........ 170.8........

........ 156.1........

__

........190.6........

..........87.7........

..........98.8........

..........80.5........

..........76.5........

........132.6........

........ 169...........

........ 176.3........

........195...........

.. .. .. ..-- ..

..........95.7........

........ 156.6........

........ 106.5........

........ 102.5 ..... ...

.......... 97.1........

..........70.7........

Egnar

No. 1

.. .. . 

........ -

.......62.6

124.1

.......99.6

.......75.7

.......45.3

.....114.5

96.5

.......79

.....102.8

.......72.4

....... .--

.......62.3

.......77.7

.....121.6

.....169.2

123.4

.....164

.....103.7

.......85.1

.........

57.9

__

.....149.8

.......88.8

.......33.7

Grand average...... 124.3 .............120.0............. 137.7...............87.8............. 114.6............. 104.3............. 126.7...............95.4

Appendix table 104. Bromine data for mineral separates 

of halite and sylvite from samples of the potash ore zone, 

halite bed of cycle 5, Texasgulf potash mine, Moab, 

Utah.

[Bromine values in parts per million]

Appendix table 104 Continued.

Feet 

from top

3..........

4..........

5..........

6..........

1 ..........

Meters 

from top

......0.91.........

.....1.22.........

.....1.52.........

.....1.83.........

.....2.13.........

Halite

......255.......

.....203.......

.....185.......

.....177.......

.....195.......

Sylvite

....1,025.....

....1,100.....

....1,095.....

....1,060......

....L080......

Halite: Sylvite

........1:4.0

........1:5.4

........1:5.9

........ 1:6.0

........1:5.5

Feet 

from top

8.........

9.........

10..........

11.........

12.........

13..........

14..........

15..........

16..........

17..........

Meters 

from top

......2.44........

......2.74........

......3.05........

......3.35........

......3.66........

......3.96........

......4.27.........

......4.57.........

......4.88.........

.....5.18.........

Halite

......185.......

......272.......

......230.......

......250.......

......265.......

......215.......

......245.......

......205.......

......222.......

.....207.......

Sylvite

.....1,080.....

....1,055.....

....1,080.....

....1,160.....

....1,165.....

....1,200.....

....1,205.....

1 195

....1,292......

....1,330......

Halite:Sylvite

........ 1:5.8

........1:3.9

........1:4.7

........1:4.6

........1:4.4

........1:5.6

........1:4.9

........1:5.8

........1:5.8

........1:6.4