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3HULRG ̋,,, ̋ıÏÂ‰Í ̋WR ̋&LUFD ̋Ï‰ÌÌÙÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÏÊ

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3HULRG ̋,9 ̋ı&LUFD ̋Ï‰ÌÌ ̋WR ̋&LUFD ̋Ï‰ÍÌÙÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÏÂ

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3HULRG ̋9, ̋ıÏ‰ËÌV ̋WR ̋SUHVHQWÙ ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÎÈ

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3HULRG ̋,, ̋ı&LUFD ̋ÏÂÂË§ÏÂ‰ÍÙ ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÎÈ

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6RXWK ̋([WHULRU ̋8QLW ̋Î ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÍÈ

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3HULRG ̋,, ̋ı&LUFD ̋ÏÂÂË§ÏÂ‰ÍÙ ÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÔÍË

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125

Figure 1. Location of James A. Garfield National Historic Site.
126

Figure 2. Map of James A. Garfield National Historic Site showing location of Carriage House/Gas Holder (shaded in gray).
127

Figure 3. Carriage House/Gas Holder.
128

Figure 4. Carriage House/Gas Holder first-floor plan.
129

Figure 5. Tested and excavated areas in and around the Carriage House.

·--

0 2 4 6 m t:.::I=-'"'====-IIIIIi====--

SCALE 

NW EXTERIOR 1 ""\ 

CO RNER lj~ ~~ fftffiif ~~ ~~ 

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c 

EN CLOSURE 

B 

ENCLOSURE 

A 

OPENING 

' _ _ J 

S EXTERIOR 

UN IT #1 

S E TERI OR 

UNIT # 2 

NE EXTERIOR 

CORNE R 

N 

1 
130

Figure 6. South Room excavations; view to east from near the South (Carriage) Room door (top), and

view to west from near the common wall with the Gas Holder (bottom).
131

Figure 7. Excavated areas within the North (Stable) Room looking south across

the floor openings. Enclosures A-C are to the right.
132

Figure 8. Harris matrix of strata identified in the Carriage Houses South Room (note that S.U. 18

includes S.U. 19-21).
133

Figure 9. Harris matrix of strata identified in the Carriage Houses North Room.
134

Figure 10. West foundation of Gas Holder basement (top) and stratigraphic profile (bottom) through the east end of the

South (Carriage) Room showing Gas Holders filled basement between its east and west walls.
135

Figure 11. Upper margins of the Gas Holder basements west foundation; view of exposed segment at juncture

with south wall (top), and plan view showing construction materials (bottom).
136

Figure 12. Juncture of basement foundation and brick wall separating Carriage House from the Gas Holder.
137

Figure 13. Stairwell or window well in Gas Holder basements south wall. Note stone slab

sealing the opening photograph.
138

Figure 14. Profile of stairwells (SU33) east wall.
139

Figure 15. Window in Gas Holder basements north wall with blockage

in place (top) and after blockage was cleared (bottom).
140

0 2 in

0 4 cm

a

b

c

Figure 16. Representative artifacts: (a) crenulated lamp chimney rim (field cat. #26); (b) key tag (field cat. #58);

(c) bone shaving brush handle (field cat. #37).
141

Figure 17. Miscellaneous artifacts: (a) buggy canopy rivet (field cat. #56); (b) rhinestone pin (field cat. #19); (c) white

glass elephant ornament (field cat. #85).

0 1 in

0 2 cm

a

b

c

Figure 18. Wooden drawer pull from the North Room, Enclosure D (field cat. #104).

0 2 in

0 4 cm
142

Figure 19. Transportation-related artifacts recovered in the North Room; (a) sidesaddle stirrup (field cat. #47); (b)

carriage door latch (field cat. #64).

0 2 in

0 4 cm

a

b
143

0 2 in

0 4 cm

Figure 20. Ceramic plaque (field cat. #24) from the South Room.
144

Figure 21. The Gas Holder floor plan as it may have existed in Period II (circa 1885-1893).

Figure 22. The Gas Holder/Carriage House floor plan during Period III (1893 to circa 1905).
145

Figure 23. The Gas Holder/Carriage House floor plan during Period IV (circa 1900 to circa 1930).
146