DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

OFF ICE OF JUSTICE PROGRAMS

BJA NI J OJJDP BJS OVC

U.S. Department of Justice

Office of Justice Programs

National Institute of Justice

Jeremy Travis, Director July 1997

R e s e a r c h i n B r i e f

National Institute of Justice

NIJ Awards Under the Crime Act: Fiscal Year 1996

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of

1994 (the Crime Act) is familiar to most Americans, who

know it means more police officers are being hired,

assault weapons are now banned, tougher sanctions are

imposed on violent offenders, and Federal penalties are

imposed for crossing State lines to engage in domestic

violence. To strengthen the role of the States and local

jurisdictions as the primary governmental units responsible for crime control and the administration of justice,

the Crime Act also makes programs of assistance

available to them. The Act supports the development of

community policing, interagency responses to domestic

violence, drug courts, and incarceration of violent

offenders. These programs are distinctive in promoting

innovation in the approach to controlling crime and

preventing it.

The National Institute of Justice sponsors studies that

evaluate the effectiveness of these innovative programs,

and conducts related research. The programs are

administered within the Department of Justice by the

Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, the

Corrections Program Office, the Violence Against

Women Grants Office, and the Drug Courts Program

Office. Each of them allocated funds to support NIJ

research in their respective areas: community policing,

sentencing and corrections (including boot camps),

violence against women, and drug courts.1

Listed here are the specific research projects sponsored

by NIJ in 1996 in these program areas and in other,

related areas of the Crime Act.2 The number is that of

the grant or contract; followed by the project title; name

of the institution, agency, or corporation that received

the award; name of the principal investigator or contractor; and the award amount.3

2The first Crime Act research grants were made by NIJ in 1995.

A list of these awards is appended to the Institute’s 1995

annual report to Congress, Searching for Answers: Criminal

Justice Research, Development and Evaluation (Washington,

D.C.: U. S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice),

July 1996. (NCJ order #162042)

3A separate document listing the science and technology

projects sponsored by NIJ in 1996 under the Crime Act, NIJ

Science and Technology Awards Under the Crime Act, Fiscal

Year 1996, has been published in the NIJ Research in Brief

series. A list of all other NIJ grants and contracts awarded in

1996, NIJ Awards in Fiscal Year 1996, is also available.

Contents

Community Policing.............................................................. 2

Law Enforcement Family Support Program ......................... 6

Sentencing and Corrections ................................................. 7

Violence Against Women ................................................... 11

1Grants to evaluate drug courts will be made in fiscal year 1997.
2

Community Policing

95–IJ–CX–0069

National Evaluation of the Youth Firearm Violence

Initiative

Abt Associates Inc.

Terence Dunworth

$300,000

This evaluation of the Youth Firearm Violence Initiative

will describe the strategies being implemented by various

sites, assess what factors contribute to the program’s

success or failure, and identify which strategies can be

transferred to other jurisdictions.

96–IJ–CX–0067

Orienting Overview on Broken Windows, Disorder,

and Decline

Temple University

Ralph B. Taylor, NIJ Fellow

$168,000

This award supports secondary analyses of various data

sets to determine the extent to which specific types of

social and environmental disorder—apart from community

demographics, crime, and residents’ individual characteristics—affect fear and neighborhood commitment.

96–IJ–CX–0082

Police Response to Emotionally Disturbed Persons:

Analyzing New Models of Police Interactions With

the Mental Health System

Policy Research Associates

Henry J. Steadman

$211,000

This case study analysis seeks to determine best practices

used by police in response to emotionally disturbed persons

by defining the strengths and weaknesses of three individual approaches.

96–IJ–CX–0074

Reducing Disorder, Fear, and Crime in Public

Housing: An Evaluation of an Advanced Stage

Drug Crime Elimination Program

Washington State University

Quint Thurman

$172,000

Reclaiming Our Area Residents (ROAR) is an ongoing

public housing drug elimination program sponsored by the

Spokane (Washington) Housing Authority and the Spokane

Police Department. This study examines the program’s

impact on community revitalization.

95–IJ–CX–0073

Supplemental Activities for the Process Evaluation

of Title I of the 1994 Crime Act

Urban Institute

Jeffrey Roth

$360,000

This award supports an evaluation of policing activities

that identifies promising innovations for preventing or

correcting common problems in law enforcement agencies’

transitions to community policing.

Changing Roles of Police

96–IJ–CX–0045

Community Policing Strategies: First National

Survey Update

Macro International, Inc.

Billy Jones

$286,000

This award will update and enhance the information about

community policing collected in a 1993 Police Foundation

survey to help identify the strategic and tactical changes

occurring in policing and to describe the factors that

underlie the changes.

96–IJ–CX–0081

Investigative Function in the Community Policing

Context

Police Executive Research Forum

Mary Ann Wycoff

$406,000

The study will describe existing models for integrating

investigations into community policing. A survey of

departments will examine, among other issues, detectives’

roles in community policing. Site visits will be made to

promising departments and recommendations made for

effective integration practices.

Evaluation and Problemsolving

94–IJ–CX–0046

Evaluation of Chicago’s Citywide Community

Policing Program

Northwestern University

Wesley G. Skogan

$996,000

This project is continuing a long-term evaluation of

Chicago’s community policing program by monitoring

implementation of the program, trends in program awareness and citizen involvement, public perceptions of the

police, and the impact on the extent of crime and disorder

problems.
3

96–IJ–CX–0046

Evaluation of the Effects of Fatigue on Police Patrol

Officers and Their Relations With the Community

Police Executive Research Forum

Dennis Jay Kenney

$285,000

This project will research the ways in which police officers’

hours of work affect job performance. It will also assess

related management and administrative strategies and

procedures.

94–IJ–CX–0056

Firearms and Violence: Juveniles, Illicit Markets,

and Fear

Presidents and Fellows of Harvard

Susan Michaelson

$190,000

This supplemental award will continue to test the applicability of preventing juvenile gun violence in Boston, Massachusetts, through problemsolving policing focused on disrupting

the illicit market in firearms and reducing juveniles’ fear. An

evaluation of the program’s impact on firearms violence

among juveniles will be conducted.

96–IJ–CX–0060

Impact of Community Policing Training and

Implementation on Police Personnel

Arizona State University

Robin Haarr

$94,000

This project will evaluate the extent to which the Phoenix

Regional Police Training Academy’s program produces

desired changes in officers’ attitudes, perceptions, beliefs,

and behaviors related to community policing philosophies

and strategies, problemsolving techniques, and

multicultural awareness.

Locally Initiated Research

Partnerships

96–IJ–CX–0085

Ada County Sheriff’s Office and Boise State

University

Boise State University

John Crank

$91,000

Through the partnership created by this award, researchers

will survey citizens to better understand their needs and

thereby enhance the community’s capacity to access information about the Sheriff’s Department.

96–IJ–CX–0087

Alachua County Sheriff’s Office Research

Partnership With the University of Florida

Alachua County Sheriff’s Office

Louise Grimm

$36,000

Researchers, working in partnership with the Alachua

County Sheriff’s Office, will conduct a detailed review of the

research needs of the sheriff’s office, improve research and

communication skills, and determine if the communication

program has enhanced the target neighborhood residents’

attitudes toward law enforcement.

95–IJ–CX–0084

Assessing Community Police Performance in

Philadelphia

Temple University

Jack R. Greene

$184,000

This collaboration between Temple University and the

Philadelphia Police Department seeks to better understand

community-oriented policing by more precisely measuring

routine patrol activities, problemsolving capabilities, and

the impact of policing philosophy on both the police and the

community.

96–IJ–CX–0068

Creating a Culture of Community Policing:

An Albuquerque Police Department-University

of New Mexico Research Partnership

University of New Mexico

Lydia Salas

$151,000

This project will study the fundamental dynamics involved

in implementing community policing throughout all departments of the Albuquerque Police Department.

95–IJ–CX–0083

Cross-Site Research on Locally Initiated

Collaborations

Institute for Law and Justice, Inc.

J. Thomas McEwen

$296,000

This ongoing evaluation of locally initiated research

partnerships includes newly funded collaborations. The

purpose is to determine how local police-researcher partnerships are formed, how they operate, what factors lead to

successful collaborations, and what research contributions

can be made.

95–IJ–CX–0047

Demonstrating a Cost-Effective Approach for

Locally Initiated Police Research in Small- and

Medium-Size Cities

LINC

Marcia R. Chaiken

$199,000

This award supports partnerships involving four police

departments (Eureka and Redding, California; Pocatello,

Idaho; and Rapid City, South Dakota) and police researchers from the Institute for Law and Justice, the Joint

Centers for Justice Studies, and the Police Executive

Research Forum. The partnerships develop, test, and

evaluate processes for linking researchers and police

departments.
4

96–IJ–CX–0098

Domestic Violence Intervention Project

East Bay Community Foundation

Maria Theresa Viramontes

$100,000

This research partnership among the East Bay Public

Safety Corridor Partnership, the National Council on

Crime and Delinquency, and the City of Berkeley Police

Department will develop and test screening tools to aid

police in the decisionmaking process in domestic violence

situations in an effort to integrate the criminal justice and

rehabilitative/treatment models into a single comprehensive approach to responding to domestic violence.

96–IJ–CX–0088

Establishing a Research Partnership: Forest Park,

Ohio, Police Division and the University of

Cincinnati

University of Cincinnati

Lawrence Travis

$46,000

This partnership will work to increase the capacity of the

Forest Park Police Division to conduct and utilize research

and improve sensitivity among university faculty and

students to the operational problems of police agencies.

96–IJ–CX–0072

Fast Track Program Study: Tracking Nonviolent

Juvenile Criminal Offenders

Bay City Police Department

Penny Phelps

$33,000

This collaborative research between police officers and

university professors will evaluate Fast Track, a youth

offender program designed to prevent repeat offenders

from recycling through the criminal justice system.

95–IJ–CX–0085

Forging a Florida Law Enforcement Research

Coalition

Florida State University

Anthony Pate

$137,000

This award supports the Florida Law Enforcement Research Coalition, a coalition of law enforcement officials

and planners and university faculty working to improve

community policing efforts to reduce crime and improve

the quality of life.

95–IJ–CX–0093

Forming a Research Partnership: Lansing Police

Department and Michigan State University

City of Lansing

Timothy S. Bynum

$118,000

This partnership between the Lansing (Michigan) Police

Department and Michigan State University continues

evaluation activities and enhanced information dissemination that will be integrated into the department’s community policing program.

96–IJ–CX–0063

Impact of Charleston, West Virginia, Community

Oriented Policing

Marshall University Research Corporation

Girmay Berhie

$111,000

This partnership will study the impact of community

policing in Charleston, West Virginia, on business owners,

low-income housing residents, other city residents, and

police personnel.

96–IJ–CX–0092

Indianapolis Management Accountability

Program: A Collaboration Between the

Indianapolis Police Department and Indiana

University

Indiana University, Bloomington

Alexander Weiss

$202,000

Through this award, a team of university researchers and

police officials will evaluate the Indianapolis Police

Department’s management accountability program and

enhance the Department’s crime analysis capacity.

95–IJ–CX–0088

Locally Initiated Research on Community Policing

Jefferson County, West Virginia, Coalition on Substance

Abuse (FOCUS)

Diane C. McCoy

$61,000

This award continues research into the behaviors and

perceptions of uniformed and civilian State law enforcement officials toward community-oriented policing. The

research includes an examination of the impact of technological enhancements on the operations and management

of small rural police forces.

95–IJ–CX–0076

Locally Initiated Research: Developing and Expanding

Problemsolving Partnerships in Jersey City

Jersey City Police Department

Frank Gajewski

$129,000

This partnership between the Jersey City Police Department and the Center for Crime Prevention Studies at

Rutgers University addresses community policing issues in

32 neighborhood improvement districts.

96–IJ–CX–0070

Locally Initiated Research Partnership:

Framingham, Massachusetts, Police Department

and Social Science Research and Evaluation, Inc.

Social Science Research and Evaluation, Inc.

Robert Apsler

$98,000

This award establishes a partnership between a police

department and a research organization to assess an

innovative program in which victims who have taken out

restraining orders receive cellular phones to contact police

in an emergency.
5

96–IJ–CX–0093

Meeting the Needs of Racine Citizens: Evaluation

of a Community Policing Program

University of Wisconsin, Parkside

Helen Rosenberg

$82,000

Residents, business owners, politicians, educators, social

service personnel, and police are partners in this systematic study of the impact of community policing in Racine,

Wisconsin.

96–IJ–CX–0080

Partnership Against Crime: University of Maryland

and Prince George’s County Police Department

University of Maryland, College Park

Lawrence W. Sherman

$78,000

This partnership between the University of Maryland and

the Prince George’s County Police Department is modeled

after the New York City Police Department’s COMSTAT

program. The project’s goal is to promote intensive review

of local crime patterns by top police commanders and

establish clear accountability for response to those

patterns.

96–IJ–CX–0044

Police-Academic Partnership for Evaluation and

Research

University of Virginia

Janet Warren

$129,000

This award supports an interactive, shared information

system to conduct research on workplace violence in three

police jurisdictions.

96–IJ–CX–0086

Restructuring the Role of Police Sergeants by

Identifying the Character Traits Associated With

Success

City of Baltimore

Joseph R. Bolesta

$195,000

This project will identify and categorize the characteristics

of sergeants who have demonstrated excellence in performance and in the fulfillment of their roles as leaders in the

agency and the community.

95–IJ–CX–0097

Targeting Cycles of Domestic Violence II:

Testing of Lethality Scale to Predict Recidivism and

Escalating Violence (Grant Continuation)

City of Seattle

Dan Fleissner

$120,000

This award supports a partnership between researchers

from the University of Washington and the Seattle Police

Department to assess and improve handling of domestic

violence cases.

Measuring the Impact of Police

96–IJ–CX–0047

Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Clearance

of Homicides

Justice Research and Statistics Association

Joan C. Weiss

$270,000

This multisite study analyzes factors affecting the clearance of homicides in police departments in several major

cities to offer guidance on the extent to which clearance

rates are useful in measuring police performance.

96–IJ–CX–0042

Reducing Repeat Victimization of Residential

Burglary

Police Executive Research Forum

John Stedman

$443,000

Researchers will work with police to analyze burglary

patterns and develop appropriate interventions using a

problemsolving model and situational crime prevention

techniques.

Police and the Community

96–IJ–CX–0064

Assessing a Model of Police Community

Collaboration

Vera Institute of Justice, Inc.

Douglas Young

$74,000

This evaluation explores police relationships with clients in

a substance abuse treatment program to enrich understanding about the design and implementation of crime

control strategies.

96–IJ–CX–0073

Awareness and Perceptions of Community Policing

in Immigrant Communities

Victim Services, Inc.

Rob Davis

$244,000

This project will investigate the extent to which awareness of

community policing is penetrating immigrant communities

and the perceptions of immigrants toward law enforcement.

96–IJ–CX–0069

Community Component of Community

Policing in Los Angeles

University of Southern California

Cheryl Maxson

$371,000

This project will develop measurement tools to assess

community attitudes and perceptions of police activities

and police/community relationships and will examine

individual and community factors in citizens’ reactions to

community policing. Findings from mail and telephone

surveys will be compared to help decisionmakers select
6

appropriate measurement tools and better understand the

results of assessment efforts in different locations across

the country.

96–IJ–CX–0071

Determinants of Citizen and Police Involvement in

Community Policing

City of Boston

Luis Garcia

$172,000

This research will measure community attitudes toward and

involvement in community policing in Boston, Massachusetts, and identify individual and community factors associated with citizen participation in community policing.

96–IJ–CX–0078

Identifying Strategies To Market the Police in

the News

Indiana University, Bloomington

Steven Chermak and Alex Weiss

$133,000

This project examines the strategies police departments

use to market their community policing efforts and their

success rate and explores the role of the news media in

publicizing community policing.

95–IJ–CX–0064

Police and the Community: National League of Cities

Search for Excellence in Community Policing

National League of Cities Institute

William B. Whiteside

$249,000

This project will identify promising programs, activities,

and best practices that show collaborative problemsolving

between law enforcement and the community and that

demonstrate community awareness and perceptions of

community policing.

96–IJ–CX–0075

Street-Level Policing in Cincinnati: The Content of

Community and Traditional Policing and the

Perceptions of Policing Audiences

University of Cincinnati

James Frank

$235,000

This study examines the workload of neighborhood and

patrol officers, police-citizen interactions involving both

types of officers, attitudes of officers toward community

policing, the perceived impact of this neighborhood-level

strategy on officer workload, and citizen knowledge of

police efforts over a 12-month period.

Police Integrity

96–IJ–CX–A056

Development of Guidelines for Using Psychological

Test Results To Help Combat Corruption in Law

Enforcement Organization

Defense Personnel Security Research Center

Howard Timm

$50,000

This project will develop a comprehensive manual on the

findings and recommendations from the first major national study on the psychological dimensions of police

corruption.

96–IJ–CX–0053

Identifying Correlates of Police Deviance: An

Empirical Study of Police Corruption and Brutality

in New York (1975–1996)

Temple University

Jack R. Greene

$413,000

This award supports a longitudinal study of New York City

police officers who resigned or were dismissed because of

corruption or brutality from 1975 through 1996. The study

describes these officers in terms of individual, organizational, and community characteristics and identifies the

managerial, operational, and scholarly implications.

96–IJ–CX–0077

Perceptions of Police Accountability in Citizen

Complaints

Sam Houston State University

Kenneth Adams

$300,000

This research examines citizen complaints in detail,

including the process citizens use in deciding to make a

complaint, the experiences of citizens with the process,

areas of satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the process,

and findings across jurisdictions.

Law Enforcement Family Support

Program

96–FS–VX–0001

Law Enforcement Family Support

Police Research Education Project

Robert Scully

$146,000

This project will develop, implement, and evaluate innovative and comprehensive stress reduction educational

training programs for officers’ perceived work and family

needs in Dallas, Texas; Erie County, New York; and Minneapolis, Minnesota.
7

96–FS–VX–0005

Law Enforcement Family Support Demonstration

Project

Fraternal Order of Police, Lodge 1

Kevin McCarthy

$180,000

This project is expanding the existing Critical Incident

Stress Debriefing program to cover the entire State of

Louisiana and to include stress reduction services for

officers experiencing all types of employment-related

stress.

96–FS–VX–0006

Law Enforcement Family Support Program

Iowa State University

Eugene Deisinger

$170,000

This award will develop and evaluate a comprehensive

stress management program model for university, municipal, and county law enforcement officers and their families

in rural areas.

96–FS–VX–0008

Law Enforcement Family Support Program

Vermont Department of Public Safety

Michael Sorenson

$30,000

This program provides stress management services to

police officers and their families as needed throughout the

State of Vermont.

96–FS–VX–0002

Law Enforcement Family Support: Training

Program for Reduction of Stress Among Law

Enforcement Officers and Their Families

New York Division of Criminal Justice Services

Stephen M. Bernardi

$25,000

This program trains police officers and their families

throughout the State of New York in stress management

techniques.

96–FS–VX–0004

Police Chaplaincy: An Innovative Law

Enforcement Stress Reduction Delivery System

Arkansas State Police

Jim Tudor

$59,000

This statewide law enforcement chaplaincy program

provides routine and emergency stress management services, including alcohol and/or dependency counseling,

postshooting counseling, officer trauma counseling, death

notifications, and specialized education for police recruits

and their families.

96–IJ–CX–0056

Stress Reduction Among Law Enforcement

Officers and Families Exploratory Study

City of Buffalo

R. Gil Kerlikowski

$97,000

This study will identify gender- and ethnic-specific stressors facing law enforcement officers and will develop

strategies that could be implemented by law enforcement

organizations to address such stressors.

96–FS–VX–0007

Stress Reduction Program for New York City Police

Officers

New York City Patrolmen’s Benevolent Association Membership Assistance Program

William Genet

$130,000

This project will develop a handbook for peer support

officers, conduct awareness training to expand the network

of mental health clinicians who are familiar with the needs

and problems of police officers and their families, conduct

training for l,500 officers and family members, and organize support groups.

96–FS–VX–0003

Stress Training for Officers and Partners

Miami Police Department

Gerald Darling

$47,000

This project provides stress management training, which

addresses both personal and work-related problems, to 200

new officers and their families.

Sentencing and Corrections

96–CE–VX–0012

Collaborative Development of Individual

Discharge Planning for Incarcerated Women

University of Rhode Island

Kathryn Quina

$140,000

This project will determine the extent to which an intensive discharge planning process improves psychosocial

functioning and reduces the risk of recidivism for incarcerated women.

96–CE–VX–K001

Crime and Justice Thematic Volume on Prisons

Castine Research Corporation

Michael Tonry

$197,000

This award supports the development of essays to be

collected in a thematic volume on prison issues for the

Crime and Justice series.
8

96–CE–VX–0008

Effect of Correctional Resources on the Sentencing

of Male and Female Defendants in Minnesota

Florida International University

Lisa Stolzenberg

$37,000

This study examines gender-specific trends in sentencing

in Minnesota and whether judicial decisionmaking and

sentence severity are influenced by the differences in

prison crowding in men’s and women’s prisons.

96–CE–VX–0005

Evaluation of the Development and

Implementation of Virginia’s Sentencing Law

National Center for State Courts

Brian Ostrom

$114,000

This project will provide the first systematic examination

of the implementation of Virginia’s new no-parole, truth-insentencing laws implemented in 1995.

96–CE–VX–0010

Evaluation of Florida’s Residential Drug

Treatment and Prison Diversion Program

Richard L. Linster

$112,000

As Florida’s prison admissions have decreased, commitments to residential drug treatment programs have grown.

This project will assess the impact of these programs in

terms of recidivism and costs and benefits.

96–CE–VX–0013

Evaluation of North Carolina’s Structured

Sentencing Law

Research Triangle Institute

James Collins

$235,000

This project examines the impact of North Carolina’s

structured sentencing law and the implications for sentencing legislation, guidelines, structures to support

sentencing reform, resource needs, and correctional

program development.

96–CE–VX–0007

Forging a Florida Correctional Research

Coalition

Florida State University

Gordon Waldo

$174,000

This award supports the creation of the Florida Correctional

Research Coalition (FCRC), a partnership between the

School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Florida State

University and the Florida Department of Corrections.

96–CE–VX–0017

HIDTA Seamless System for Drug-Involved

Offenders: A Randomized Multicenter Evaluation

University of Maryland, College Park

Faye S. Taxman

$200,000

This project evaluates the efforts of eight Maryland

counties to increase prison space for violent offenders

by integrating drug treatment and surveillance for nonviolent felons.

96–CE–VX–0011

Impact of Truth-in-Sentencing Reform in

Massachusetts

Massachusetts Committee on Criminal Justice

Francis J. Carney

$50,000

This project examines the impact of sentencing guideline

reforms on judicial decisionmaking and on criminal justice

resources.

96–CE–VX–0001

Local Impact of Violent Offender and Truth-inSentencing Legislation: How Probation and

Community Corrections Respond

RAND Corporation

Peter Greenwood

$199,000

This project assesses the impact of violent offender and

truth-in-sentencing legislation in six selected counties and

examines major sentencing structures, the role of counties

in drafting and passing violent offender and truth-insentencing legislation, the changes in local jail and probation policies and practices, and the costs and benefits of

this type of reform.

96–CE–VX–0018

Managing Felons in Los Angeles County

RAND Corporation

Joan Petersilia

$188,000

This project explores the impact of State sentencing

initiatives on county corrections by examining how felons

are sanctioned and managed in Los Angeles County and

the consequences of such sanctions in terms of public

safety and costs.

96–CE–VX–0016

Multisite Evaluation of Second Generation

Sentencing Commissions

Abt Associates Inc.

William Rhodes

$300,000

This award supports a study of four sentencing commissions to determine the various effects of sentencing guidelines. Specific areas to be studied include dispositional

disparity, durational disparity, variations in effects among

States, and changes in the size and composition of prison

populations.
9

96–CE–VX–0004

Offender Outcomes Under North Carolina Criminal

Justice Partnership Act

Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation

Amy Craddock

$225,000

This study assesses offender outcomes under a new North

Carolina structured sentencing system that reserves jail

and prison space for violent and repeat offenders and

directs most others to community-based sanctions.

96–CE–VX–0009

Study of Legislation and Impact of Two-Strikes

Legislation

National Council on Crime and Delinquency

James F. Austin

$97,000

This project builds on a study of the impact of California

and Washington State’s two- and three-strikes laws to

include an analysis of Georgia’s recently enacted twostrikes law.

96–CE–VX–0015

The Unintended Impacts of Sentencing Reforms and

Incarceration on Family Structure

University of Minnesota

Samuel Myers

$150,000

This project will assess the impact of incarceration and

sentencing reforms on family structure and stability by

investigating the same empirical issue using three data

sets and applying a variety of statistical methods.

96–CE–VX–0006

Violent Offender Incarceration and Truth-inSentencing: National Evaluation of Implementation

Experiences and Impact on Corrections

RAND Corporation

Susan Turner

$600,000

This evaluation will track and document over time significant changes in a number of key process and outcome

variables for the 50 States, including legislative actions,

prosecution and defense strategies, sentencing patterns,

criminal justice system costs, and crime rates. RAND will

also conduct case studies of recent sentencing and correctional reforms in six States.

96–CE–VX–0003

The Wisconsin Idea: Evaluation Partnership on

Sentencing and Corrections

Wisconsin Department of Corrections

Michael E. Smith

$102,000

This study examines sentences imposed in archetypal

cases, the implementation of those sentences, and the

philosophy behind and techniques employed by correctional programs.

Boot Camps

96–SC–VX–0005

Boot Camps and Their Impact on Confinement

Populations

Abt Associates Inc.

Dale G. Parent

$275,000

This study assesses the extent to which boot camps can

achieve the goal of accelerating the release of nonviolent

offenders, thereby generating bed space for the confinement of more violent offenders. Information on all 44

federally funded boot camps will be collected and 4 will

be given intensive analysis.

96–SC–LX–0001

Correctional Boot Camps for Juveniles:

A Proposal for a Multisite Study

University of Maryland, College Park

Doris MacKenzie

$398,000

This study examines the conditions of confinement at 27

juvenile boot camps and measures and compares participant outcomes, such as the juveniles’ performance during

community supervision.

96–SC–VX–0003

Evaluation of Los Angeles County Juvenile

Drug Treatment Boot Camp

California State University, San Marcos

Sheldon Zhang

$179,000

This study evaluates the Los Angeles County Drug Treatment Boot Camp Program to assess postprogram drug use,

determine whether postrelease criminal behavior is

reduced, and identify the characteristics of successful

graduates.

96–SC–VX–0004

Evaluation of OJP FY95 Boot Camp

Planning Grants

National Council on Crime and Delinquency

Sandra Tunis

$73,000

This national study is focused on the boot camp planning

grants awarded by the Office of Justice Programs’ Corrections Program Office in fiscal year 1995 and examines

barriers to achieving planning and implementation goals

and characteristics that lead to successful planning and

implementation.

96–SC–LX–0002

National Multisite Impact Evaluation of Private and

Public Boot Camp Programs

National Council on Crime and Delinquency

James F. Austin

$268,000

This project will evaluate 10 boot camp programs, including

3 adult offender programs run by State departments of
10

corrections, 3 adult offender programs run by counties, and

4 juvenile offender programs operated privately. The

research will focus on whether aftercare strategies are

effective in influencing outcomes.

Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment

97–RT–VX–K004

Client Motivation in Therapeutic Community

Treatment for Offenders

University of Delaware

Steven S. Martin

$62,500

Using existing outcome data, researchers will perform a 12-

month outcome evaluation to determine what characteristics,

motivations, and personal circumstances of drug abusing

prisoners improve the likelihood of treatment success.

97–RT–VX–K007

Evaluation of Florida Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment for State Prisoners Program

Florida State University

C. Aaron Neece

$50,000

This project will evaluate the implementation and treatment effects of the Florida Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment for State Prisoners Program at three Florida

Department of Corrections facilities. Prisoners’ social and

psychological functioning and symptom severity will be a

primary focus.

97–RT–VX–K003

Evaluation of the Forever Free Substance Abuse

Program

University of California—Los Angeles

Michael Prendergast

$39,000

Forever Free is an intensive 6-month residential treatment program for women inmates with substance abuse

problems, followed by community residential treatment

during parole supervision. Process and impact evaluations

of the program will be conducted, focusing on program

philosophy and operations; linkages with community

programs that provide continuity of care following release

to parole; and client characteristics, especially mothers’

relationships with their children.

97–RT–VX–K008

Evaluation of the Maxey Substance Abuse

Treatment Program

University of Michigan—Ann Arbor

William C. Birdsall

$49,000

This outcome evaluation of the Maxey Training School in

Michigan will examine organizational factors, service

delivery, staff, and characteristics and progress of participants to determine the program’s impact on substance

abuse among youth involved in the juvenile justice system.

97–RT–VX–K002

Evaluation of Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment for State Prison Inmates

University of New Mexico—Albuquerque

Gary LaFree

$50,000

This project will assess the effectiveness of the We Are

Recovering program, a therapeutic community at the

Southern New Mexico correctional facility, in reducing

recidivism and reincarceration. Program structure,

philosophy, and goals will be examined, and the impact of

a planned program expansion and restructuring will be

assessed.

97–RT–VX–K001

Evaluation of Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment for State Prisoners Program

University of Wisconsin—Madison

D. Paul Moberg

$49,000

This project will evaluate a residential substance abuse

treatment program, located in a minimum security facility,

for prisoners who have been dually diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. Program operation, participant characteristics, and intermediate outcomes will be examined.

97–RT–VX–K006

National Evaluation of Residential Substance Abuse

Treatment Programs

National Development and Research Institutes, Inc.

Douglas Lipton

$500,000

This national evaluation of the Residential Substance

Abuse Treatment for State Prisoners Program will examine offender characteristics, treatment staff, types of

treatments used, content and duration of treatment

sessions, program length, and concordance with clinical

standards. Technical assistance to the States will be

provided, and criteria will be developed for selecting three

model programs for a long-term outcome evaluation.

97–RT–VX–K005

The Therapeutic Milieu in Treatment of Offenders:

A Process and Outcome Evaluation in Maryland

University of Maryland

Faye Taxman

$50,000

This project will evaluate Maryland’s comprehensive

strategy for providing treatment services to offenders in

prison and in the community. First-year program operations and the impact of the program on recidivism and on

subsequent drug use will be the focus.
11

Violence Against Women

96–WT–NX–0005

Alcohol Problems and Violence Against Women

University of Northern Iowa

William R. Downs

$92,000

This study will describe the relationship between alcohol

abuse and domestic violence among two at-risk populations—women in alcohol treatment programs and women

receiving services as victims of domestic violence.

96–WT–NX–0002

Data Collection and Communication:

An Implementation Guide

National Center for State Courts

Susan Keilitz

$145,000

This study expands the national evaluation of the Office of

Justice Programs' STOP (Services, Training, Officers,

Prosecutors) grants to thoroughly analyze their experiences

with data collection and communication systems to enable

future development, implementation, and standardization

of data collection and communication systems.

96–IJ–CX–0057

Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Data Systems

in States

Justice Research and Statistics Association

Stan Orchowsky

$138,000

This award continues and expands upon a study of the

data bases being used by States to collect information on

domestic violence and sexual assault.

96–WT–NX–0008

Efficacy of Court-Mandated Counseling for Domestic

Violence Offenders: A Broward County Experiment

Florida Atlantic University

Lynette Feder

$135,000

This research assesses the effectiveness of a 26-week

counseling intervention for batterers based on the Duluth,

Minnesota, model. Data from probation reports, monthly

treatment attendance and participation reports, police

contacts, and offender and victim reports of violence both

prior to and after treatment is analyzed.

95–WT–NX–0004

Evaluation of a Coordinated Community

Response to Domestic Violence (Supplement)

Applied Research Associates

Stan Orchowsky

$13,000 (Original grant was $114,412)

This evaluation assesses the effectiveness of the Alexandria (Virginia) Domestic Violence Intervention Project,

which combines a mandatory arrest policy with a no-drop

prosecution strategy, court-mandated treatment for

batterers, and services for battered women, such as emergency shelter, counseling, and court advocacy.

96–WT–NX–0004

Factors Related to Domestic Violence Court

Disposition in a Large Urban Area: The Role of

Victim-Witness Reluctance

University of Cincinnati

Joanne Belknap

$119,000

The purpose of this study is to determine which factors

influence judicial and prosecutorial decisionmaking in

domestic violence cases and which factors influence victimwitness reluctance in bringing batterers to successful

adjudication.

96–WT–NX–0006

Impact Evaluation of STOP Grant Programs for

Reducing Violence Against Women Among Indian

Tribes

University of Arizona

Eileen M. Luna

$145,000

This project evaluates the impact of the programs for

women among Indian tribes supported by the Office of

Justice Programs’ STOP (Services, Training, Officers,

Prosecutors) Violence Against Women grants. The goal of

the programs is to expand understanding of the cultural

and legal context of reducing violence against women

among Indian tribes.

96–WT–NX–0007

Impact Evaluation of STOP Grants Law

Enforcement and Prosecution

Institute for Law and Justice, Inc.

J. Thomas McEwen

$325,000

This project involves an impact evaluation at 8 to 10 sites

under the Law Enforcement and Prosecution purpose area of

the Office of Justice Programs' STOP (Services, Training,

Officers, Prosecutors) formula grants. The evaluation will

address a cross-section of various local activities, including

training for law enforcement officers and prosecutors, police

and prosecution policies, and programs that address stalking.

96–WT–NX–0003

Impact Evaluation of Victim Services Programs:

STOP Grants Funded by the Violence Against

Women Act

American Bar Association

Barbara Smith

$200,000

This project will evaluate the first 2 years of Office of

Justice Programs' STOP (Services, Training, Officers,

Prosecutors) Violence Against Women grants awarded to

victim services programs for work in the areas of sexual

assault, domestic violence, and stalking.
BULK RATE

POSTAGE & FEE PAID

DOJ/NIJ

Permit No. G–91

U.S. Department of Justice

Office of Justice Programs

National Institute of Justice

Washington, DC 20531

Official Business

Penalty for Private Use $300

The National Institute of Justice is a component of the Office of

Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice

Assistance, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Juvenile Justice

and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office for Victims of Crime.

NCJ 165700

95–WT–NX–0005

National Evaluation of the Violence Against Women

Act Grants (Supplement)

Urban Institute

Martha Burt

$350,000

This project continues documentation of the range of

programs funded by the Law Enforcement and Prosecution

Grants under the Violence Against Women Act, including

assessment of grantee outcomes, examination of their

planning and implementation efforts, and development of a

strategy for documenting long-term impacts.