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U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007–1315, v. 1.4

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# Video Documentation of Experiments at the USGS Debris-Flow Flume 1992–2017

#### By Matthew Logan, Richard M. Iverson, and Maciej K. Obryk

#### 2007, revised 2018

| Introduction

This set of videos presents about 18 hours of footage documenting the 163 experiments conducted at the USGS debris-flow flume from 1992 to 2017. Owing to improvements in video technology over the years, the quality of footage from recent experiments generally exceeds that from earlier experiments. 

 Use the list below to access the individual videos, which are mostly grouped by date and subject matter. When a video is selected from the list, multiple video sequences are generally shown in succession, beginning with a far-field overview and proceeding to close-up views and post-experiment documentation.

Interpretations and data from experiments at the USGS debris-flow flume are not provided here but can be found in published reports, many of which are available online at:  https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/richard-m-iverson?qt-staff_profile_science_products=3#qt-staff_profile_science_products

A brief introduction to the flume facility is also available online in USGS Open-File Report 92–483 [http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/ofr/ofr92483].
Flume-Video Credits
The experiments shown here would not have been possible without the long-term participation of flume stalwarts: 

Tony Bequette, Roger Denlinger, David George, Jonathan Godt, Julie Griswold, Kevin Hadley, Rick LaHusen, Chris Lockett, Jon Major, Mark Reid, Kelly Swinford, Jim Vallance, Joe Walder

Additional assistance vital to successful experiments was provided by:

Kate Allstadt, Erin Bessette-Kirton, Ben Alonzo, Matteo Berti, Jean-François Benoit, Catherine Berger, Tracy Brennand, Dianne Brien, Emily Cahoon, Sue Cannon, Corina Cerovski-Darrian, Dallas Childers, Sarah Christian, John Costa, Jeff Coe, Jonny Cripps, Amberlee Darold, Jay DeNatale, Hannah Dieterich, Carolyn Dreidger, John Duffy, Maxime Farin, Rowdy La Fevers, Brooke Fiderovich, Greg Fiegel, Cate Fox-Lent, Nico Gray, Marc Gullison, Frances Griswold, Tom Hale, Scott Henderson, Shannon Hayes, Neal Iverson, Chris Johnston, Jason Kean, Jackie Kendrick, Peter Kokelaar, Stephen Lancaster,  Tom Lill, Michael Manga, Linda Mark, Larry Mastin, Brian McCardell, Luke McGuire, Ben Mirus, Adam Mosbrucker, Simon Mudd, Ben Pauk, Kate Potter, Francis Rengers, Aaron Rhinehart, Ben Schonfeld, Ron Shreve, Bill Shultz, Joel Smith, Oscar Sorenson, Kurt Spicer, Winston Stokes, Gordon Stratford, Doug Tebo, Anthony Thornton, Dan Turner, Tristan Wellman, Victor Tsai, Christine Williams, Peter Vollmoeller, Carl Zimmerman.
Videos of experiments conducted at the USGS Debris-Flow Flume 1992–2017Side-by-side comparisons of distinctive flow behaviors observed in experiments in which one key variable was changed 
Side_by_Side_01.    Debris flows on rigid bed vs. erodible bed. TRT:00:01:39 Side_by_Side_02.    Debris flows on wet vs. dry erodible bed. TRT:00:00:42 Side_by_Side_03.    Debris flow vs. water flood on rigid bed. TRT:00:00:46 Side_by_Side_04.    Water floods on rigid bed vs. erodible bed. TRT:00:00:46 Side_by_Side_05.    Debris flows with 6 m3 volume vs. 10 m3 volume. TRT:00:01:39 Side_by_Side_06.    Debris flows containing 20 percent loam vs. 2 percent loam. TRT:00:01:25 Side_by_Side_07.    Debris flows on rough rigid bed vs. smooth rigid bed. TRT:00:01:28 Side_by_Side_08.    Debris flows rounding 4-m vs. 10-m radius curve. TRT:00:01:05 Side_by_Side_09.    Debris flows running up against vertical wall vs. 30-degree slope. TRT:00:00:56 Side_by_Side_10.    Debris flows impacting rigid wall vs. deformable cable net. TRT:00:00:49 
Individual experiments grouped by date and subject matter
**   1992**04-10-1992   First flume test, flow of moist pea gravel04-30-1992   First debris flow test, wet sand & gravel05-21-1992   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel06-10-1992   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel07-16-1992   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel09-22-1992   Dry grain flow of Steilacoom gravel09-25-1992   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel**   1993**04-07-1993   Debris flow against cylindrical obstacle04-08-1993   Debris flow against planar obstacle05-06-1993   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel07-21-1993   Debris-flow superelevation, 10-m curve07-22-1993   Debris-flow superelevation, 10-m curve08-10-1993   Dry gravel flow with high-speed film08-11-1993   Dry gravel flow with high-speed film09-15-1993   Debris-flow superelevation, 4-m curve09-16-1993   Debris-flow superelevation, 4-m curve10-19-1993   Debris flow with channelized runout10-21-1993   Debris flow with channelized runout**   1994**04-19-1994   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel04-21-1994   Debris flow, wet sand & gravel05-26-1994   Debris flow, wet sand, gravel & loam06-21-1994   Debris-flow impact on rigid wall06-23-1994   Debris-flow impact on rigid wall07-20-1994   Debris flow with loam, channelized runout08-30-1994   Clear water dam-break flood08-31-1994   Debris flow with loam, channelized runout09-28-1994   Water flood following failed landslide experiment**   1995**04-26-1995   Debris flow with channelized runout06-07-1995   Landslide initiation by surface sprinkling06-08-1995   Landslide initiation by groundwater feed07-24-1995   Debris flow, partly channelized runout07-26-1995   Debris flow runout on existing deposit09-12-1995   Debris flow, wet Steilacoom gravel09-13-1995   Debris flow with loam, channelized runout**   1996**06-18-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net06-20-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net06-21-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net06-22-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net06-23-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net06-25-1996   Debris-flow impact on cable net07-24-1996   Landslide initiation, 50% loam07-25-1996   Landslide initiation, 50% loam08-27-1996   Debris flow into ponded water08-28-1996   Debris flow into ponded water08-29-1996   Debris flow with loam into ponded water**   1997**05-20-1997   Debris-flow runup on adverse 30-deg slope05-22-1997   Debris-flow runup on adverse 30-deg slope07-22-1997   Debris flow containing 50% loam07-24-1997   Debris flow containing 50% loam08-26-1997   Debris flow containing large rocks08-28-1997   Debris flow containing large rocks**   1998**06-17-1998   Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam06-18-1998   Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam06-22-1998   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam06-23-1998   Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam06-25-1998   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam08-25-1998   Debris flow over rough bed (slatted fence)08-27-1998a   Debris flow on erodible sandy loam bed08-27-1998b   Water flood on sediment-laden bed09-01-1998   Debris flow on erodible crushed rock bed09-02-1998   Water flood on existing debris-flow deposit**   1999**06-09-1999   Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam06-10-1999   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam06-15-1999   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam06-17-1999a   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam first part06-17-1999b   Landslide initiation, dense 25% loam second part09-15-1999   Debris flow on channeled erodible bed09-16-1999   Debris flow with surcharge of logs09-21-1999   Debris flow on erodible bed with logs09-22-1999   Water flood over eroded sediment bed09-23-1999   Debris flow on erodible bed with logs**   2000**09-19-2000   First debris flow on rough concrete bed09-21-2000   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed09-25-2000   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed09-26-2000   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed09-27-2000   Dam-break water flood on rough concrete bed09-28-2000   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed09-29-2000   Dam-break water flood on rough concrete bed**   2001**2001_06_19   Dam-break water flood on rough concrete bed2001_06_20   Dam-break water flood over sediment bed2001_06_26   Dam-break water flood over sediment bed2001_06_28   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed2001_09_11   Controlled water flood over sediment bed2001_09_13   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed2001_09_18   Controlled water flood over sediment bed2001_09_20   Dam-break water flood over sediment bed**   2002**2002_08_28   Dam-break water flood on rough concrete bed2002_09_10   Dam-break water flood over sediment bed2002_09_11   Dam-break water flood over eroded sediment bed2002_09_12   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed2002_09_17   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed2002_09_18   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed2002_09_19   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed**   2003**06-17-2003   Debris flow over sediment bed at flume base06-19-2003   Debris flow over sediment bed at flume base06-24-2003   Debris flow over sediment bed at flume base06-25-2003   Debris flow over sediment bed at flume base**   2004**2004_09_14   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed2004_09_20   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed2004_09_22   Debris flow over sediment at flume base2004_09_23   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed**(no files for 2005)****   2006**2006_06_07   Dam-break water flood on rough bed2006_06_08a   Debris flow, sand, gravel, & loam on rough bed (6m3)2006_06_08b   Dam-break water flood over debris-flow deposit2006_09_12   Debris flow, sand, gravel, & loam on rough bed (6m3)2006_09_14   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2006_09_19   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2006_09_21   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)**   2007**2007_06_12   Dam-break water flood on rough bed2007_06_14a   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2007_06_14b   Dam-break water flood over debris-flow deposit2007_06_19   Debris flow, sand, gravel, & loam on rough bed (6m3)2007_06_21   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)**   2008**2008_05_13   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2008_05_15   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2008_08_19   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed2008_08_21   Debris flow, sand, gravel, & loam on rough bed with runout diversion2008_08_26   Debris flow, sand & gravel with large rocks on rough bed with runout diversion, total run time (TRT): 00:06:522008_08_28   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed with runout diversion**   2009**2009_06_02   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2009_06_04   Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3)2009_08_18   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed with particle tracking and runout diversion2009_08_20   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed with particle tracking and runout diversion2009_08_25   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed with particle tracking and runout diversion2009_08_27   Debris flow, sand & gravel on rough bed with particle tracking and runout diversion TRT: 00:06:53 **   2010**2010_05_25    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3). TRT: 00:09:122010_05_27    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed (6m3). TRT: 00:06:50DamBreach_Introduction   Introduction to dam-breach experiments at foot of flume: TRT: 00:02:052010_08_18    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:07:292010_08_20    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:07:132010_08_24    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:07:222010_08_26    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:05:44**   2011**2011_08_16    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed (6m3). TRT: 00:05:322011_08_18    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3). TRT: 00:07:352011_08_24    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3). TRT: 00:05:282011_08_25    Dam-break water flood over debris-flow deposit. TRT: 00:02:11**   2012**2012_06_13    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:05:232012_06_14    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.77-m-high dam. TRT: 00:12:022012_06_19    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.77-m-high dam. TRT: 00:15:472012_06_20    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.58-m-high dam. TRT: 00:30:272012_06_21    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.58-m-high dam. TRT: 00:24:452012_08_22    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on erodible bed (6m3). TRT: 00:05:452012_08_23    Debris flow, sand, gravel & loam on rough bed (6m3). TRT: 00:04:45**   2013**2013_06_05    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 1-m-high dam. TRT: 00:06:392013_06_06    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.75-m-high dam. TRT: 00:23:312013_06_10    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.87-m-high dam. TRT: 00:25:372013_06_12    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.87-m-high dam. TRT: 00:20:212013_06_13    Dam-breach experiment at foot of flume: water impounded by 0.66-m-high dam. TRT: 00:54:56**   2014**2014_07_31    Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam, surface sprinkling only. TRT: 00:02:08**   2015**2015_06_08    Debris flow over bare bed, beach sand (6 m3). TRT: 00:04:47 2015_06_09    Debris flow over bare bed, beach sand/gravel mix (6 m3). TRT: 00:06:01 2015_06_10    Debris flow over bare bed, beach sand/gravel mix (6 m3). TRT: 00:05:42 2015_06_11    Debris flow over bare bed, beach sand (6 m3). TRT: 00:06:42 **   2016**2016_06_14    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix (8 m3). TRT: 00:02:46 2016_06_15    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix (8 m3). TRT: 00:06:22 2016_06_16    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix with large rocks (8 m3). TRT: 00:06:20 2016_06_21    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix with large rocks and smart rock (8 m3). TRT: 00:06:072 2016_06_22    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix (10 m3). TRT: 00:05:07 2016_06_23    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix (10 m3). TRT: 00:05:42 **   2017**2017_05_16    Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam, surface sprinkling followed by ground water. TRT: 00:01:10 2017_05_17    Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam, surface sprinkling followed by ground water. TRT: 00:01:16 2017_05_18    Landslide initiation, loose 25% loam, surface sprinkling followed by ground water. TRT: 00:00:49 2017_05_23    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix with large rocks (8 m3). TRT:00:03:17 2017_05_24    Debris flow over sediment left on the flume bed from May 23, 2017 experiment, sand/gravel mix with large rocks (8 m3). TRT: 00:03:24 2017_05_25    Debris flow over bare bed, sand/gravel mix with large rocks (10 m3). TRT: 00:02:59  | First posted November 23, 2007Last modified January 2018
- This report is available only on the Web.

**For additional information:**Contact CVOVolcano Science Center, Cascades Volcano ObservatoryU.S. Geological Survey1300 SE Cardinal Court, Building 10, Suite 100Vancouver, WA 98683-9589http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/

Part of this report is presented in Moving Picture Expert Group-4 format (.mp4); the latest version of QuickTime or similar software is required to view it. Download the latest version of QuickTime, free of charge. |
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### Suggested citation:

 Logan, M., Iverson, R.M., and Obryk, M.K., 2018, Video documentation of experiments at the USGS debris-flow flume 1992–2017 (ver 1.4, January 2018): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007–1315, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071315. 

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