Wolf Sink

Big Spring

Ruth Spring

Gum

Springs

Bugg Spring

Blue Spring

Wekiva

Falls Resort

Salt

Springs

Rock Springs

Palm Springs

Blue

Springs

Blue Springs

Potter Spring

Miami Springs

Little Spring

Island

Spring

Apopka

Spring

Wekiwa Springs

Wekiva

Springs

Silver

Springs

Messant

Spring

Gemini Springs

Fenney Springs

Rainbow Springs

Juniper Springs

Holiday Springs

Crystal Springs

Crescent Beach

Spring (submarine)

Beecher

Springs

Seminole

Springs Homosassa

Springs

Alexander Springs

Sweetwater

Springs

Green Cove

Springs

Silver Glen

Springs

Fern Hammock

Springs

Ponce De Leon

Springs

Chassahowitzka

Springs

Ichetucknee

Springs Group

Crystal River

Spring Group

Blue

Springs

Orange

Springs

Starbuck Spring

Big Blue

Spring

Sanlando

Springs

Croaker Hole

Spring

Sante Fe River

Spring Group

Ocklawaha River

Spring Group

Panasoffkee River

Spring Group

Juniper Creek

Tributary Seepage

Black Sink

Devil's Den

Sink

Eva

Ovedo

Ocala

Tampa

Cocoa

Geneva

DeLand

Starke

Holder

Bartow

Stuart

Eustis

Orlando

Holopaw

Sanford

Bunnell

Palatka

Arcadia

Sebring

Jupiter

Tavares

Altoona

Bushnell

Hastings

Boulogne

Callahan

Nobleton

Lakeland

Wauchula

Palmdale

Leesburg

Clermont

Umatilla

Basinger

Kissimmee

Lake Mary

Macclenny

Lake City

Williston

Inverness

Dade City

Polk City

Avon Park

Fort Drum

Melbourne

Lady Lake

Christmas

Fort McCoy

Yankeetown

Fort Meade

Vero Beach

Frostproof

Eau Gallie

Titusville

Okeechobee

Brooksville

Pine Castle

Kenansville

Saint Cloud

Winter Park

Orange City

Lake Butler

Gainesville

Orange Lake

Lake

Placid

Fort Pierce

Cocoa Beach

Salt Springs

Winter Haven

Ormond

Beach

Jacksonville

Daytona

Beach

Flagler

Beach

Crescent

City

St. Augustine

Crescent Beach

Orange

Springs

Yeehaw

Junction

Merritt

Island

West Palm Beach

New Smyrna Beach

Fernandina

Beach

Keystone

Heights

Lake Panasoffkee

Altamonte

Springs

Green Cove Springs

Jacksonville

Beach

South

Ponte Vedra Beach

Dunnellon

Lake Wales

4

5

8 8 7

7

8

8

6 5

1

4 7

1

8

3 44 9 3 7

6

5

7

4

2 4

4 3

7 2

3

2

7 4

2

2

8

7

9

5

9

37

38 34

28 37 41

39

37

38 32 38

27

40 28

32 -8

41

46 25 20

35

29

33 48 34

34 36

37 39

29

36 48 34 27

49 49

23

53 38 33 53 51 11 14

51

41 57 53

54 57 25

62 67

49 28

46

32 29 57 59

29

80 44

16

44 60 67 22 24

33 45 76 76

69

79

73 78 21

25 15

71

81 20 80

16 14 47 29 18

28 14 48 79 16 43 77

69 75 16 14

14

13 46 69 30 25 59 28

52 56 31

25

56 12 48

54

22

12

47 51 22

54

21

11 17 53 47 11

13 24 49

25

46 49

29 10

14

44 18

16 19 15 45

50 15 43

11 14 1923

10

27 42 48 38 43 43 30

22

19 17 41

42 36

45 34

18 14 54 34 34

40

42 17

50 33 27 38

35

31

71 16

35

44 49

38

46

51

45

15

35

53

19

27 51 52 57 18

27

43

23

38 53

51 29

50 28 53

30

33 50 54 54 42

30 36

29

13

42

11 39

10 19 47 47 43 35 52 24 45

41

17

11

20 27 18 33 35

45 11

53

28

45 19

51

17

37 56 57 48 24

39 46 19 28 36

63 34 19

17

38

11

46 17

48 54 11 39 49 39 66 33

32

39 40 54 65 16 18

40 31

21 60

79 20 54 5764 53 10

82

76 58 83 44

47

31

74 35 11 80 38 43 20

11 80 20 13 61

16

34

38 81 88 40 35

87 73 48

34 15 35

57 83

50 12 92 69 39 65 17

14

79 22

81 35

68

15 47 86 92

35 48 53

97

40 74 44

13 17 27 97

36 85 18

64

59

62

63

22 79 36 36 35 24 41 65 65 72 47 87 68 75 27

23 86 75 77 43 41 37

56

66 68 90

70 44 28 77 45 61 79 40

66 70 37

50 59 62 28 95 39

82

44

60

92

43 50 71

89 71 41 98 97 95 96

95 92 89 97 29

82

69

84 97 31

40 38 43

79 59 57 48

34 76

78 34 42

83 44 40

96

85

77 62 46 91

42 43 77 88 83

87 45

43 75 76 37 32

73 41 32

84 35

35 41

31

72

46

44 47

62 33 39

41 87

46 40

63 48

42

61

41

49 72

46

48 47 52 50

48 51 37

51

52 46

50 50 49

48

42

50

100

102 101 111

116 108

104

124 127

126

101 125 127 127

118 122

112

117

103

104 109 106

100

St.

St. Johns

River

Johns

River

Blue

Cypress

Lake

GULF

OF

MEXICO

Cypress

Lake

Lake

Tohopekaliga

East Lake

Tohopekaliga

Lake

Eustis

Lake Harris

Lake

Apopka

Lake

Monroe

Lake

Harney

Lake

George

Lake

Griffin

Lake

Ocklawaha

River

Withlacoochee

River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

Lake Kissimmee

Kissimmee

River

Lake Okeechobee

Dora

POLK

LAKE

LEVY

MARION

PALM BEACH

OSCEOLA

VOLUSIA

HENDRY

BREVARD

DUVAL

CLAY

ORANGE

PASCO

ALACHUA PUTNAM

GLADES

HIGHLANDS

CITRUS

BAKER

NASSAU

HARDEE

COLUMBIA

MARTIN

DESOTO

ST LUCIE

HILLSBOROUGH

ST. JOHNS

FLAGLER

OKEECHOBEE

INDIAN RIVER

UNION

GILCHRIST

SUMTER

HERNANDO

SEMINOLE

BRADFORD

40

30

20

50

6

0

70

80

40

10

50

10

50

60

40

30

10

20

70

50

60

70

10

30

30

70

20

50

30

10

10

80

10

1

0

30

40

30

50

30

20

40

0

10

20

60

50

40

50

70

80

8

0

9

0

1

0

0

110

120

80

8

0

80

1

0

20

30

40

50

60

0

20

60

40

30

20

20

40

50

30

CHARLTON CAMDEN

WARE

FLORIDA

GEORGIA

MAP AREA

SFWMD

SWFWMD

SJRWMD

SRWMD

N

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prepared in cooperation with

ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTH FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

OPEN FILE 2007-1215

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon, 2006, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer

in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, September 2006

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983

Universal Transverse Meracator projection,

Zone 17

POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE OF THE UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER IN THE ST. JOHNS RIVER

WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT AND VICINITY, FLORIDA, SEPTEMBER 2006

By

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon

2007

Copies of this map can be

purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey

Branch of Information Services

Box 25286

Denver Federal Center

Denver, Colorado 80225-0286

INTRODUCTION

This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management

District and vicinity for September 2006. Potentiometric contours are based on water-level measurements collected at

571 wells during the period September 11-29, near the end of the wet season. Some contours are inferred from previous

potentiometric-surface maps with larger well networks. The potentiometric surface of the carbonate Upper Floridan

aquifer responds mainly to rainfall, and more locally, to ground-water withdrawals and spring flow. Potentiometric-surface

highs generally correspond to topographic highs where the aquifer is recharged. Springs and areas of diffuse upward

leakage naturally discharge water from the aquifer and are most prevalent along the St. Johns River. Areas of discharge

are reflected by depressions in the potentiometric surface. Ground-water withdrawals locally have lowered the

potentiometric surface. Ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer generally flows from potentiometric highs to

potentiometric lows in a direction perpendicular to the contours.

SUMMARY OF HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS

ADDITIONAL REFERENCE

Long-term hydrographs of ground-water levels for continuous and periodic wells are available at internet site: http://waterdata.usgs.gov/fl/nwis/gw

S

F

W

M

D

S

J

R

W

M

D

SJRWMD

SRWMD

SJRWMD

SWFWMD

Measured values of the potentiometric surface ranged from 8 feet below NGVD29 near Fernandina Beach, Florida,

to 127 feet above NGVD29 in Polk County, Florida. The average water level of the network in September 2006 was

about a foot higher than the average in May 2006 following below-average rainfall during the previous 9 months.

Seasonal differences in network average water levels generally range from 4 to 6 feet. For 553 wells with previous

measurements, September 2006 levels ranged from about 19 feet below to about 37 feet above May 2006 water levels.

Water level increases of 20 feet or more occurred in 5 of the 12 wells measured in Polk County and all 3 wells measured

in Hardee County.

For 554 wells with previous measurements, September 2006 levels ranged from about 21 feet below to about 6 feet above

September 2005 water levels. Water levels decreased more than 20 feet in only 1 of the 13 wells measured in southeastern

Georgia. The average water level of the network in September 2006 was about 3 feet lower than the average in

September 2005.

NOTE: The potentiometric contours are generalized on a regional scale to portray water levels in a dynamic

hydrolgic system taking due account of the variations in hydrogeologic conditions such as well-depth differences,

non-simultaneous measurements of water levels, variable effects of pumping, and changing climatic infulence. The

potentiometric contours, thus, may not conform exactly with individual measurements of water level.

EXPLANATION

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR -- Shows altitude at which water level would have stood in tightly cased wells.

Hatchures indicate depressions. Contour intervals 10 feet. Vertical datum is NGVD29. Dashed were inferred

STATE WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARY

SJRWMD -- St. Johns River Water Management District

SRWMD -- Suwannee River Water Management District

SFWMD -- South Florida Water Management District

SWFWMD -- Southwest Florida Water Management District

SURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced to benchmark

datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced to benchmark

datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated from

topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated from

topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SINKHOLE -- Surface collapse feature exposing the Upper Floridan aquifer. Where measured, number is altitude of

water level in feet above NGVD29

FLOWING BOREHOLE

SPRING -- Line indicates direction of spring outflow

37

31

47

50

37

47

80°00'

80°00'

80°30'

80°30'

81°00'

81°00'

81°30'

81°30'

82°00'

82°00'

82°30'

82°30'

83°00'

83°00'

31°30' 31°30'

31°00' 31°00'

30°30' 30°30'

30°00' 30°00'

29°30' 29°30'

29°00' 29°00'

28°30' 28°30'

28°00' 28°00'

27°30' 27°30'

27°00' 27°00'

26°30' 26°30'

0 10 20 30 40 50 Miles

0 10 20 30 40 50 Kilometers