Eva

Ovedo

Ocala

Tampa

Cocoa

Geneva

DeLand

Starke

Holder

Bartow

Stuart

Eustis

Orlando

Holopaw

Sanford

Bunnell

Palatka

Arcadia

Sebring

Jupiter

Tavares

Altoona

Bushnell

Hastings

Boulogne

Callahan

Nobleton

Lakeland

Wauchula

Palmdale

Leesburg

Clermont

Umatilla

Basinger

Kissimmee

Lake Mary

Macclenny

Lake City

Williston

Inverness

Dade City

Polk City

Avon Park

Fort Drum

Melbourne

Lady Lake

Christmas

Fort McCoy

Yankeetown

Fort Meade

Vero Beach

Frostproof

Eau Gallie

Titusville

Okeechobee

Brooksville

Pine Castle

Kenansville

Saint Cloud

Winter Park

Orange City

Lake Butler

Gainesville

Orange Lake

Lake

Placid

Fort Pierce

Cocoa Beach

Salt Springs

Winter Haven

Ormond

Beach

Jacksonville

Daytona

Beach

Flagler

Beach

Crescent

City

St. Augustine

Crescent Beach

Orange

Springs

Yeehaw

Junction

Merritt

Island

West Palm Beach

New Smyrna Beach

Fernandina

Beach

Keystone

Heights

Lake Panasoffkee

Altamonte

Springs

Green Cove Springs

Jacksonville

Beach

South

Ponte Vedra Beach

Dunnellon

Lake Wales

POLK

LAKE

LEVY

MARION

PALM BEACH

OSCEOLA

VOLUSIA

HENDRY

BREVARD

DUVAL

CLAY

ORANGE

PASCO

ALACHUA PUTNAM

GLADES

HIGHLANDS

CITRUS

BAKER

NASSAU

HARDEE

COLUMBIA

MARTIN

DESOTO

ST LUCIE

HILLSBOROUGH

ST. JOHNS

FLAGLER

OKEECHOBEE

INDIAN RIVER

UNION

GILCHRIST

SUMTER

HERNANDO

SEMINOLE

BRADFORD

CHARLTON CAMDEN

WARE

Wolf Sink

Big Spring

Ruth Spring

Gum

Springs

Bugg Spring

Blue Spring

Wekiva

Falls Resort

Salt

Springs

Rock Springs

Palm Springs

Blue

Springs

Blue Springs

Potter Spring

Miami Springs

Little Spring

Island

Spring

Apopka

Spring

Wekiwa Springs

Wekiva

Springs

Silver

Springs

Messant

Spring

Gemini Springs

Fenney Springs

Rainbow Springs

Juniper Springs

Holiday Springs

Crystal Springs

Crescent Beach

Spring (submarine)

Beecher

Springs

Seminole

Springs Homosassa

Springs

Alexander Springs

Sweetwater

Springs

Green Cove

Springs

Silver Glen

Springs

Fern Hammock

Springs

Ponce De Leon

Springs

Chassahowitzka

Springs

Ichetucknee

Springs Group

Crystal River

Spring Group

Blue

Springs

Orange

Springs

Starbuck Spring

Big Blue

Spring

Sanlando

Springs

Croaker Hole

Spring

Sante Fe River

Spring Group

Ocklawaha River

Spring Group

Panasoffkee River

Spring Group

Juniper Creek

Tributary Seepage

Black Sink

Devil's Den

Sink

St.

St. Johns

River

Johns

River

Blue

Cypress

Lake

GULF

OF

MEXICO

Cypress

Lake

Lake

Tohopekaliga

East Lake

Tohopekaliga

Lake

Eustis

Lake Harris

Lake

Apopka

Lake

Monroe

Lake

Harney

Lake

George

Lake

Griffin

Lake

Ocklawaha

River

Withlacoochee

River

ATLANTIC

OCEAN

Lake Kissimmee

Kissimmee

River

Lake Okeechobee

Dora

2

6

5

5

7 3

5 5 4

6

8

5

8

2

9 0 9

5 8

7

2 2

8 2

0 5

9 5 3

8

1 3

7

7

3 3 5

1 2

1

0

5

8

1 9

1

6

7

9

6

8 9

6 8

8

35

31 36

27 34 44 37 33 36

36 30

24

25

-9

30

38

44 22

33

28

45 30 29 31

34 33

34 36

46 31 25 31

51 24

42 47 52 52 39 53

33 20 25

49

54

39 51 54

59 64 21 65 22

32 42 25 56 23

78 70 39

16 41 57 64 20 32 73 73 42 75 66

70 54

42 12 45 68

78 13

42

42

45

45

72 12

46 25 12 81 12 39 75 73

13

12

64 12

27

10

68 29 23

25

58

52 29

19 54 10 46

52

19

11

45 49 52 20 20

10 51 45 49

48 11 22

24

48

44 10 28

12

43 16

14 43 10

14

49 42

12

18

21

23 46

46 42 42 37 27 22 19

15 42 36

43 32

11 52 34 -5 34 37

16

39 46 29

27

36

32

31 70

16

35 42 43 46

50 44 13 51 32

11 15 41 37

10 40 43

17 45 20 35 49

38 18 14

24 31

13 32

44 16

49 25 15

43 47 13

48 47

19 34

29 51 46 49 48 23 48

49 54

14 23 40

50

35

22 51

48 28

53 53 35 20 45

33 37

24

15

60 33

17

14

37

42

14

43

48

35

63 28

28 36 39 36 53 62 13 14

26

17

54 49 52 55 73 78

56 72 79

42

29

73

30

76

17 35

77 16 59

31 13 70 79

35

37 33

83 70

41 40

31 52 11 96 31

41 47 79 66 87 34

71 79 72 39 39 36 33 32 61 49

62

87

68 73 39 25 41

56

72 60

65

96

56 44 57 90 35 29 79 39

55 87 52 38 46

67 82 68 37 88 91 89 87

86 84 79 87 27

77 64

69 29 85 36 34 39

61

53

54 37 44

95 32

56 56 94 31 38

93 78 40 38 83 49

80

55

58 42

77 38

39 55

73 75

74 41

38 53 54 32 28

68 37 29

29

79

31 36

27 49

41

41 43 32

36 35 37

44 43 35

44

38

50 39

36

64 40 44

45 43 42 40

44 44

43

44 45

44

44

44 42 48

46

38 48

57 13

10 68 77 31

60

46 12

90

84

50 40

93 36

38

10 73 13

93

24

40 80 29 16

50 58

59

19 73

32 31

98 32

61 36 21 60 68

40 83

70

63 23

21

120 123

122

122

123 124

114 116

110

100

100

106 113 105

5

57

75

15

16

47

66 19 34

38

31

106

20

80

70

80

90

70

60

60

50

10

40

10

1

0

70

0

60

80

90

100

110

120

50

60

70

40

20

40

30

50

30

30

10

0

20

10

10

20

7

0

30

20

30

40

60

70

50

50

6

0

4

2

30

0

0

50

40

40

0

10

20

30

30

4

0

20

0

20

30

40

100

50

50

30

20

10

20

30

30

50

FLORIDA

GEORGIA

MAP AREA

SFWMD

SWFWMD

SJRWMD

SRWMD

N

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Prepared in cooperation with

ST. JOHNS RIVER WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTH FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT

OPEN FILE 2007-1371

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon, 2007, Potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan

aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management District and vicinity, Florida, May 2007

Base from U.S. Geological Survey digital data, 1:100,000, 1983

Universal Transverse Meracator projection,

Zone 17

POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE OF THE UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER IN THE ST. JOHNS RIVER

WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT AND VICINITY, FLORIDA, MAY 2007

By

Sandra L. Kinnaman and Joann F. Dixon

2007

Copies of this map can be

purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey

Branch of Information Services

Box 25286

Denver Federal Center

Denver, Colorado 80225-0286

INTRODUCTION

This map depicts the potentiometric surface of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the St. Johns River Water Management

District and vicinity for May 2007. Potentiometric contours are based on water-level measurements collected at

566 wells during the period May 4 – June 11, near the end of the dry season, however most of the water level data for

this map were collected by the U. S. Geological Survey during the period May 21-25, 2007. Some contours are inferred

from previous potentiometric-surface maps with larger well networks. The potentiometric surface of the carbonate

Upper Floridan aquifer responds mainly to rainfall, and more locally, to ground-water withdrawals and spring flow.

Potentiometric-surface highs generally correspond to topographic highs where the aquifer is recharged. Springs and

areas of diffuse upward leakage naturally discharge water from the aquifer and are most prevalent along the St. Johns

River. Areas of discharge are reflected by depressions in the potentiometric surface. Ground-water withdrawals locally

have lowered the potentiometric surface. Ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer generally flows from potentiometric

highs to potentiometric lows in a direction perpendicular to the contours.

SUMMARY OF HYDROLOGIC CONDITIONS

ADDITIONAL REFERENCE

Long-term hydrographs of ground-water levels for continuous and periodic wells are available at internet site: http://waterdata.usgs.gov/fl/nwis/gw

Measured values of the potentiometric surface ranged from 9 feet below NGVD29 near Fernandina Beach, Florida,

to 124 feet above NGVD29 near Polk County, Florida. The average water level of the network in May 2007 was about

4 feet lower than the average in September 2006 following below-average rainfall during the dry season of 2006-07.

Seasonal differences in network average water levels generally range from 4 to 6 feet. For 532 wells with previous

measurements, May 2007 levels ranged from about 26 feet below to about 8 feet above September 2006 water levels.

Water levels decreased 20 feet or more from September 2006 to May 2007 in 6 of the 48 wells measured in Polk County

and the 2 wells measured in Hardee County. The average water level of the network in May 2007 was about 3 feet

lower than the average in May 2006. For 535 wells with previous measurements, May 2007 levels ranged from about

21 feet below to about 5 feet above May 2005 water levels.

NOTE: The potentiometric contours are generalized on a regional scale to portray water levels in a dynamic

hydrolgic system taking due account of the variations in hydrogeologic conditions such as well-depth differences,

non-simultaneous measurements of water levels, variable effects of pumping, and changing climatic infulence. The

potentiometric contours, thus, may not conform exactly with individual measurements of water level.

EXPLANATION

POTENTIOMETRIC CONTOUR -- Shows altitude at which water level would have stood in tightly cased wells.

Hatchures indicate depressions. Contour intervals 10 feet. Vertical datum is NGVD29.

STATE WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT BOUNDARY

SJRWMD -- St. Johns River Water Management District

SRWMD -- Suwannee River Water Management District

SFWMD -- South Florida Water Management District

SWFWMD -- Southwest Florida Water Management District

SURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced to benchmark

datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is referenced to benchmark

datum. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH KNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated from

topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

UNSURVEYED WELL WITH UNKNOWN OPEN-HOLE INTERVAL -- Measuring-point datum is estimated from

topographic map. Number is altitude of water level in feet above or below NGVD29

SINKHOLE -- Surface collapse feature exposing the Upper Floridan aquifer. Where measured, number is altitude of

water level in feet above NGVD29

FLOWING BOREHOLE

SPRING -- Line indicates direction of spring outflow

37

31

44

50

37

47

80°30'

80°30'

81°30'

81°30'

82°30'

82°30'

31°30'

30°30' 30°30'

29°30' 29°30'

28°30' 28°30'

27°30' 27°30'

26°30' 26°30'

83°00' 82°00' 81°00' 80°00'

31°00' 31°00'

30°00' 30°00'

29°00' 29°00'

28°00' 28°00'

27°00' 27°00'

83°00' 82°00' 81°00' 80°00'

0 10 20 30 40 50 Miles

0 10 20 30 40 50 Kilometers