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# FI LED SEP 03 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALSW e g r a n t b o th C a s tru ita ’s a n dth e g o v e rn m e n t’s m o tio n s f o rle a v e to f

ile 1 su p p l em en t al b ri efs. im m ig r a tio n ju d g e ’s ( “I J ” ) d e te rm in a tio n th a t h e is r e m o v ab le b a s e do n h is c onvi c t i on f

orthr e e c r i m e s of

m or a l turpi tude ( “ C I M T s ” ) . W e ha ve j ur i s di c t i on pur s ua ntt o 8 U . S . C . § 1252. W e gr a ntthe pe t i t i on f orr e vi e w a nd r e m a nd t o the B IA fo r fu rth er p ro ceed i n g s. 1 1. W e hol d tha tC a s trui t ae xhaus t e d hi s due pr oc e s s c l a i m be f or e the B I A b yc o n te n d in g th a t th e I Je rr e din r e ly in g s o le lyo n C a s tru ita ’s a d m is s io n s in r e s pons e t o l e ga l que s t i ons r a the rtha n hol di ng the gove rnm e ntt o i t s bur de n of p r o o f a n de x a m in in g th e r e c o r d o f c o n v ic tio n . Se e Ag

y e m a n v . I

NS , 296 F . 3d 871, 8 7 7 - 7 8 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 2 ) ; Kag an ovi ch v. G on zales , 47 0 F . 3d 89 4, 89 6-97 (9th C i r. 2 0 0 6 ) .2. A n a lie n in r e m o v a l p r o c e e d in g s h a s aF if th A m e n d m e n t r ig h t to af u ll a n df a irh e a r in g . Se e Co lm e n a rv . I NS , 2 1 0 F. 3 d9 6 7 , 9 7 1 ( 9 th Ci r . 2 0 0 0 ) ; 8 U . S. C. § 1229a ( b) ( 4) ( B ) . T he B I A ’ s de c i s i on w i l l be r e ve r s e d on due pr oc e s s gr ounds w here (1) the proceedi ng w as so fund am ent al l y unfai r thatthe al i en w as prevent ed fr om re as on abl y pre se nt i ng hi s c as e; and (2) the al i en has dem on stra t ed prej ud i ce , i . e. , thatthe ou t com e of the proceedi ng “ m ayhave been aff ec t ed” by the al l eged v io la tio n . Ibarra-Flores v. G on zales , 43 9 F . 3d 61 4, 62 0-21 (9th C i r. 20 06 ). F or a p r o s e a lie n to r e c e iv e af u ll a n d f a irh e a r in g , th e I Jm u s t a d e q u a te lye x p la in- 3-

h e a r in g p r o c e d u r e s a n d d e v e lo p th e r e c o r df u lly . A gy e m an , 2 9 6 F .3 da t 8 7 7 . W e r e v ie w d e n o v o ac la im e d d u e p r o c e s s v io la tio n . Ibarra-Flores , 439 F . 3d a t620. 3. W e c onc l ude tha tC a s trui t a ’ s he a r i ng di d notc om portw i th due proces s bec ause the IJdi d n otappl y the ca t egori ca l and m od i fi ed-c at egori ca l appr oa c he s t o C a s trui t a ’ s c onvi c t i ons , orde ve l op the f a c tua l r e c or d ne c e s s a ryt o do so. S peci fi ca l l y, he di d n otconsi der the re cord evi dence thates t abl i shed thatea ch of C a s trui t a ’ s thr e e c onvi c t i ons oc c urr e d pr i ort o hi s e a r l i e rr e m ova l pr oc e e di ng a n dg r a n t o f

c an c e lla tio n o f

r e m o v a l. See P an gi l i na n v. H older , 568 F . 3d 708, 70 9-10 (9th C i r. 20 09 ). A s the IJac kn ow l edged, he al so m ayno thave gi ven C a s tru itaa d e q u a te e x p la n a tio n o f th e h e a r in g p r o c e d u r e s a n dth e im p o rt o f h is q u e s tio n s . A ls o , th e B I A d idn o t c o n s id e rth e r e le v a n t r e c o r de v id e n c e a n dap p ly th e c a te g o r ic a l a n d m o d if ie d - c a te g o r ic a l ap p r o a c h e s to C a s tru ita ’s c o n v ic tio n s . Se e La r i ta -M

a r t i n ezv . I

NS , 22 0 F . 3d 10 92 , 10 95 -96 (9th C i r. 20 00 ). C as trui t a w as pr e j udi c e d bythe abs e nc e of due pr oc e s s , be c aus e the out c om e of the pr oc e e di ng m a yha ve be e n a f

f e c t e d i f the s e thi ngs ha d oc c urr e d. 4. W e de c l i ne t o c ons i de ra s pr e m a tur e C a s trui t a ’ s c ha l l e nge t o the re troac t i ve appl i ca t i on of I n r e Si lv a- T

r e v i no , 24 I. & N . D ec . 68 7 (A . G . 20 08 ).- 4-

5. A cc ordi ng l y, w e r em and thi s m att ert o the B IA t o con si der w hat ever i s s ue s i tf

i nds appr opr i a t e . T he B I A m a yw i s h t o c ons i de rthe f ol l ow i ng i s s ue s on r e m a nd. a. T he B I A m a yde t e rm i ne w he the ra nyof C a s trui t a ’ s c onvi c t i ons o c c u rr e dw ith in f

iv e y e a r s o f

h is g a in in g le g a l s ta tu s , s u c h th a t h e is p o te n tia lly r e m o v ab le u n d e rI m m ig r a tio n a n dN a tio n a lityA c t ( “I N A ” ) § 2 3 7 ( a ) ( 2 ) ( A ) ( i) ( c o n v ic tio n o f

o n e C I M T w ith in f

iv e y e a r s a f

te ra d m is s io n ) . See Shi varam an v. A s h c r o ft , 360 F . 3d 1142, 1147- 49 ( 9th C i r . 2004) . T he pr e s e ntr e c or d c ont a i ns no b a s is to d e te rm in e w h e th e rC a s tru itah a s r e m a in e dc o n tin u o u s lyin le g a l s ta tu s in th e U n ite d S ta te s s in c e h is e n try , o rw h e n h e f ir s t g a in e dle g a l s ta tu s a f te re n te r in g . b. T he B IA m ayconsi der w hether, i n v i ew of R uiz- V i da l v. G on zales , 4 7 3 F .3 d1 0 7 2 , 1 0 7 8 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 7 ) , th e g o v e rn m e n t m a ya g a in a lle g e a s p r e d ic a te r e m ova l of

f e ns e s C a s trui t a ’ s c onvi c t i ons f orw hi c h he r e c e i ve d c a nc e l l a t i on of r e m o v a l u n d e rI N A § 2 4 0 ( A ) o n J u n e 1 5 , 2 0 0 0 . c. I f ne c e s s a ry , the B I A s houl d appl ythe c a t e gor i c a l a nd m odi f i e dc a te g o r ic a l ap p r o a c h e s to C a s tru ita ’s c o n v ic tio n s . P E T I T I ON GR AN T E D A ND RE MAND E D.