P.8 9

3650 6 Federa l Registe r / Vol

. 61 , No

. 13 4 /

Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule s an dRegulation s
relieve do f th e transportatio n conformity rule' s requirement s fo r regional analysi s o

f NO x emissions

. However , onc e th e maintenanc e pla n fo r th e middl e Tennesse e ozon e nonattainmen t

are ai s approved , an y previousl y approve dNO x conformity exemptio n n o longe r

applies

. Th e are a mus t the n demonstrat e a s par t o f it s conformity determination s .that th e transportatio n pla n ari d.Transportatio n Improvemen t

Pla n (TIP

) ar e consisten t wit hth e moto r

vehicl e emission s budge t fo r NO x wher e suc habudge t i s establishe db y th e maintenanc e plan

. Fina l Actio n Th e EP A i s approvin g Tennessee' s reques t t o exemp t

th e Middl e Tennesse e moderat e O

3 nonattainmen t

are afrom th e sectio n 182(f

) NO xRACT an dNO x . conformity requirement s withou t aprio r proposa l fo

r approva l becaus e th e Agenc y view s thi s a s anoncontroversia l amendmen t

an danticipate s n o advers e comments

. Thi s approva l i s base dupo n th e evidenc e provide db y Tennesse e showin g complianc e witi i th e requirement s outline din-the CA A an d i n applicabl e EP

A guidance ; I

f a violatio n ofth e O

3 NAAQ S occur s i n an y portio n o

f th e Middl e Tennesse e are awhil e th e are ai s designate d nonattainment , th e exemptio n fromth e NO xRACT an dNO xconformity

requirements o

f sectio n 182(f

) ofth e CA A i n th e applicabl e are ashal l n o longe r apply

. Thi s actio n i s no t

aSIP revision an d

- i s no t subjec t t o th e requirements o

f sectio n 11 0 ofth e CAA

. Th e authorit y t o approv e or

disapprov e exemption s
. fromNO x requirement s unde r sectio n 18 2 o f th e CA A wa s delegate dt o th e Regional Administrato r

fromth e Administrato r

i n amem o date dJul y .6 , 1994 , fromJonatha n Cannon , Assistan t Administrator , t o th e Administrator , titled , "Propose dDelegatio n o f Authority : 'Exemption s fromNitroge n
. Oxid e Requirement s Unde r Clean Ai r Ac t sectio n 182( 0 an dRelate d

. Provision s o

f th e Transportatio n an d Genera l Conformit

y Rules ' Decisio n Memorandum. " In aseparat e documen t i n thi s Federa l Registe r

publication , th e EP A i s proposin g t o approv e th e request shoul dadvers e or

critica l comment s b e filed. Thi s actio n wil l b e effectiv e Septembe r

9,199 6 unless , b y Augus t 12 , '1996 , advers e or

critica l comment s ar e received. I f th e EP A receives suc hcomments , thi s actio n wil l b e withdraw n befor e th e effectiv e dat e b y publishin g a subsequen t

documen t

tha t wil l withdra w th e final action

. Al l publi c comment s receive dwil l the n b e addresse di n asubsequen t final rul e base do n th e separat e propose drule

.

Th e EP A wil l no t

institut e asecon d commen t perio do n thi s action

. Any partie s intereste di n commentin g o n thi s actio n shoul dd o s o a

t thi s time

. I

f n o suc hcomment s are received, th e publi c i s advise dtha t

thi s actio n wil l b e effectiv e Septembe r

9,1996

. Unde r sectio n 307(b)(1 ) ofth e Clea n Ai r Ac t (CAA) , 4 2 U.S.C

. 7607(b)(1) , petition s fo

r judicia l revie w o

f thi s actio n mus t

b e filedi n th e .Unite dState s Cour t o f Appeal s fo

r th e appropriat e circui t b y Septembe r

9,1996

. Filin g a petitio n fo

r reconsideration b y th e Administrato r

o f thi s final rul e doe s no t affect th e finality o

f thi s rul e for purpose s o

f judicia l revie w no r

doe s i t exten dth e tim e withi n whic hapetitio n fo r judicia l revie w ma

y b e filed, an d shal l no t postpon e th e effectivenes s o f suc hrul e or

action

. Thi s actio n may no t - b e challenge dlate r

i n proceeding s t o enforc e it s requirements

. (Se e sectio n 307(b)(2 ) ofth e CAA , 4 2 U.S.C

. 7607(b)(2). ) Unde r th e Regulator

y Flexibilit y Act , 5 U.S.C

. 60 1 et

seq., EP A mus t prepar e aregulatory flexibility analysi s assessin g th e impac t

o f an y propose dor final rul e o n smal l entities

. 5 U.S.C

. . section s 60 3 an d604

. Alternatively , EP A ma y certif y tha t th e rul e wil l no t hav e asignifican t

impac t o n a substantia l numbe r

o f smal l entities

. Smal l entitie s includ e smal l businesses , smal l not-for-profi t

enterprises , an d governmen t

entitie s wit hjurisdictio n over population s o

f les s tha n 50,000

. Thi s rul e approve s an~exemptio n from aCA A requirement

. Therefore , I certif y tha t i t doe s no t hav e asignifican t

impac t o n an y smal l entitie s affected

. Unfunde dMandate s Unde r Section s 202 , 203 , an d20 5 o f th e Unfunde dMandate s Refor mAc t o f 199 5 ("Unfunde dMandate s Act") , signe dint o law o n Marc h22,1995 , EP A mus t undertak e variou s action s i n
. associatio n wit hpropose do r final rule s tha t includ e aFedera l mandat e tha t may resul t i n estimate dcost s o

f $10 0 millio n o r mor e t o th e privat e sector , or t o State , local , o r triba l government s i n th e Throug hsubmissio n o

f thi s stat e implementatio n pla n o r

pla n revision, th e Stat e an dan y affecte dloca l o r triba l government s hav e electe dt o adop t th e programprovide dfo

r unde r Sectio n 18 2 ofth e CAA

. Thes e rule s may bin dState , loca l an dtriba l government s t o perfor m certai n action s an dals o requir e th e privat e secto r

t o perfor mcertai n duties

. EP A ha s examine dwhethe r

th e rule s bein g approve db y thi s actio n wil l impos e an y ne w requirements

. Sinc e suc hsource s ar e alread y subjec t t o thes e regulation s unde r Stat e law , n o ne w requirement s are impose db y thi s approval

. Accordingly , n o additiona l cost s t o State , local , or

triba l governments , or

t o th e privat e sector , resul t fromthi s action , an dtherefore ther e wil l b e n o significan t impac t o n a substantia l numbe r

o f smal l entities

. Lis t o f Subject s i n 4 0 CF

RPar t 5 2 Ai r pollutio n control , Intergovernmenta l relations , Nitroge n dioxide , Ozone , Reportin g an d recordkeeping requirements

. . Dated : Jun e 18,1996

. A

. Stanle y Meiburg , Acting Regional

Administrator. Part 5 2 o f chapter-I , titl e 40 , Code of Federal Regulations, i s amende da s follows :
. PAR T52—{AMENDED ] 1

. Th e authorit y citatio n fo r par t 5 2 continue s t o reada s follows : Authority : 4

2 U.S.C

. 7401-7671q

. Subpart RR—Tennesse e 2

. Sectio n 52.223 7 i s adde dt o reada s follows : §52.223 7 NO

x RAC Tan d NO xconformit

y exemption

. Approval—EPA i s approvin g th e sectio n 182(f

) oxide s o f nitroge n (NOx) reasonabl y availabl e contro l technolog y (RACT ) an dNO x conformity exemptio n request submitte db y th e Tennesse e Departmen t

o f Environmen t

an d Conservatio n o n Marc h21,1995 , fo r th e five count y middl e Tennesse e (Nashville ) ozon e moderat e nonattainmen t

area
. Thi s approva l exempt s th e are afromimplementin g federal NO xRAC

T o n major

source s o f NOx an dexempt s Tennesse e fromNO x conformity

. Thi s approva l doe s no t exemp t source s froman y Stat e required o r Stat e Implementatio n Pla n (SIP) approve dNOx controls

. I f aviolatio n o

f th e ozon e NAAQ S occur s i n the area , th e exemptio n fromth e requiremen t o f sectio n 182(f

) ofth e CA

A i n th e applicabl e are ashal l no t

apply

. (FRDoc

. 96-1764 4 File d7-10-96 ; 8:4 5 am ] BILLIN GCOO E6560-6O-

P

4 0 CF R Part 7 9 [FRL-5532-4 ] Registratio n o f Fuel s an d Fue i Additives : Mino r Change s t o th e Testin g Requirement s fo r Registratio n AGENCY : Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y (EPA)

. ACTION : Direc t final rule

.hlf- 

# *A

Federa l Registe r

/ Vol

. 61 , No

. 13 4 /

Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule s an dRegulation s 3650 7 

### P.9 1

SUMMARY

: Th e Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y ("EPA " o r

th e "Agency" ) i s issuing , a s adirec t

final rule , mino r change s t o th e health-effect s testin g requirement s a t

4 0 CF RPar t

79 , Subpar t F

. Thes e requirements dea l wit hth e exposur e o f

animal s t o evaporat e an d exhaus t emission s frommoto r vehicles

. Th e change s allo w fo r

increase d flexibility,in engin e selection , correc t a n inconsistenc y wit hrespec t t o mixin g chambe r qualit y assurance , establis h cleare r exposur e timin g requirements , provid e anecessar y optio n fo r th e unit s i n whic hemission s dat aar e reporte dfor

heavy-dut y vehicl e engines , clarif y oxyge n purit y requirements , mak e som e mino r synta x changes , clarif

y th e handlin g o f

th e measurement s o f backgroun dchemica l specie s i n th e ambien t ai r use db y th e engin e generatin g emissions , clarif y th e drivin g schedules , clarif

y th e exposur e concentratio n requirement s i n th e inhalatio n chamber , clarif y dilutio n syste mrequirements , an dclarif y th e requirement s fo r

th e collectio n o f particulate s an dsemi-volatiles

. Thes e change s wil l reduce th e testin g cost s withou t affectin g th e environmenta l objectives

. Thi s actio n i s bein g take n withou t prio r notic e becaus e EP A believe s tha t

th e mino r

change s i n th e testin g requirements wil l b e noncontroversial

. Th e rul e implementin g th e testin g

. requirements wa s finalizedo n Ma y 27 , 199 4 (5 9 F R33042 , Jun e 27,1994)

. Th e tes t dat awil l b e use db y th e Agenc y t o determin e i f

th e emission s o f

certai n gasoline s and/o r

diese l fuel s presen t

a n unacceptabl e risk

t o publi c health

. Fo r additiona l backgroun dinformatio n se e th e procedur e i n thi s issu e o f th e Federa l Registe r

proposin g change s t o th e registratio n regulations. Th e change s i n thi s direc t

final rul e hav e als o bee n incorporate dint o tha t

notic e o f

, propose drulemaking

. I f a n advers e commen t o r arequest

fo r apubli c hearin g i s receivedo n thi s direc t final rule , EP A wil l withdra w th e direc t final rul e an daddres s th e comment(s ) i n a subsequen t

final rul e base do n th e propose drule

. DATES : Thi s actio n wil l b e effectiv e o n " Augus t 26,199 6 unles s EP A receive s a n advers e commen t

o r areques t

fo r a publi c hearin g byj^upus t 12,199§

. I f EP A receives a n advers e commen t o r hearin g reques t

b y tha t date , EP A wil l withdra w thi s actio n vi aadocumen t i n th e Federa l Register

. Al l correspondenc e shoul db e directe dt o th e addresse s below

. ADDRESSES : Material s relevant t o thi s rulemakin g hav e bee n place di n Docke t A-90-07

. Th e docke t

i s locate da t

th e U.S

. Environmenta l Protectio n Agency ,

Ai r Docke t Sectio n (LE-131) , 401 M Street , S.W. , Washington , D C 2046 0 i n Roo mM-150 0 o f

Watersid e Mall

. Document s ma y b e inspecte dbetwee n th e hour s o f

8:0 0 a.m
. an d5:3 0 p.m. , Monda y throug hFriday

. A reasonabl e fe e ma y b e charge dfo r

copying

. Thos e wishin g t o notif

y EP A o f tiieir inten t t o submi t a n advers e commen t

o r request apubli c hearin g shoul dcontac t Josep h Fernande s (202 ) 233-975 6 o r Ji m Caldwel l (202 ) 233-930 3 a t th e EPA

. . FO RFURTHE RINFORMATIO

N CONTACT

: Josep hFernande s (202 ) 233-975 6 o r Ji m Caldwel l (202 ) 233-9303 , USEPA , Offic e o f Mobil e Sources , Fuel s an d Energ y Division , Mai l Cod e 6406J , 40 1 M Street , S.W. ; Washington , D C 20460

. SUPPLEMENTAR

YINFORMATION : I

. Regulate dEntitie s Regulate dCategorie s an dentitie s potentiall y affecte db y thi s actio n include : 'Categor y
Industr y Example s o f regu late d entitie s Manufacturer s o f gas olin e an d diese l fuel

. Manufacturer s o f ad

ditive s fo rgasolin e an d diese l fuel

. Thi s tabl e i s no t

intende dt o b e exhaustive , bu t

rathe r provide s aguid e fo r reader s regardin g entitie s likel y t o b e regulate db y thi s action

. Thi s tabl e list s th e type s o

f entitie s tha t

EP A i s no w awar e coul db e potentiall y regulate db y thi s action

. Othe r

type s o f entitie s no t liste di n th e tabl e coul dals o b e regulated

. T o determin e whethe r you r entity woul db e regulate db y thi s action , yo u shoul dcarefull y examin e thi s preambl e an dth e propose dchange s t o th e regulatory text

. You shoul dals o carefull y examin e th e existin g provision s o

f th e registration progra ma t 4 0 CF Rpar t 79

. II

. Backgroun d Fo r progra mbackground , se e th e notic e i n thi s issu e o

f th e Federa l Registe r proposin g non-mino r

change s t o th e registratio n regulation s fo r fuel s an dfuel additive s (F/FA)

. Th e change s t o th e testin g requirements i n thi s direc t final rul e are mino r

an d noncontroversial

. HI

. Requirement s fo r

Ne w Vehicles / Engine s T o ensur e tha t

th e test s conducte do n th e emission s o

f on e F/FA are no t affecte db y "carryover " emission s from othe r F/FA s previousl y use di n th e tes t vehicle , § 79.5 7 ofth e registration regulations requires tha t

ane w vehicl e or engin e b e use di n th e testin g o f eac h F/FA

. Th e regulation s als o recommend tha t on e o r mor e identica l ne w vehicle s or engine s b e acquire da s backu p emissio n generator s fo

r eac hF/FA

. Th e regulatedindustr y ha s commente dt o EP

A tha t thi s requirement

i s burdensome , expensive , an dunnecessary
. The y argu e tha t suitabl e conditionin g procedure s ca n satisfactoril y "flus hout " th e remnants o f on e F/FA an dit s emissions , s o tha t th e sam e vehicl e o r

engin e ca n b e use d i n testin g anothe r

F/FA withou t

fea r o f carryove r effects

. I f thi s wer e permitted , asubstantiall y smalle r

fleet o f initia l tes t vehicles/engine s migh t

suffic e fo r a give n serie s o

f F/FAs

. Also , arelatively smal l numbe r

o f additiona l vehicle s coul db e acquire dt o serv e a s share d backup s fo

r th e testin g o

f mor e tha n on e F/FA

. A previou s technica l communication ' discusse di n detai l th e possibilit y o f short-terman dlong-termcarryove r effect s du e t o tes t

vehicles/engine s bein g use dfo

r multipl e F/FAs , It

also

. describe dth e restrictions an d procedura l safeguard s whic hcoul db e adopte dt o minimiz e potentia l carryove r problems

. Base do n tha t

earlie r discussion , EP

A believe s i t

i s no w appropriat e t o eas e som e o f th e restriction s o n tes t

vehicl e Use i n som e circumstances

. Unde r thi s revision , th e requiremen t tha t onl y ne w vehicle s b e use di n th e tes t program(specifie di n § 79.57(a)(1) ) ha s bee n retained, sinc e i t woul dno t

b e possibl e t o kno w how , an dwit hwha t rang e o f F/FA products , avehicl e ha d bee n operate di n genera l use
. However , i t i s no w acceptabl e fo

r asingl e tes t vehicl e o r engin e t o b e use d sequentiall y b y different

F/FA manufacturer s fo

r test s o n differen t

F / FAs , assumin g tha t

adequat e documentatio n i s furnishe dt o demonstrat e tha t

th e tes t vehicle/engin e ha dno t bee n use dfo

r purpose s othe r tha n testin g unde r

thi s programan dtha t suc hpreviou s testin g wa s restrictedt o F/FA type s (se e below) fo r whic hsuc h tes t vehicl e sharin g wa s allowed

. Th e responsibility fo

r assurin g th e adequac y o f suc hdocumentatio n fall s t o th e fuel manufacture r

wh o secondaril y acquire s th e tes t vehicle

. '•

• A s discusse di n th e previously-cite d technica l memorandum , concern s abou t possibl e long-termcarryove r effect s aris e primaril y i n regardt o "atypical "

1 1

. Mem o t o Docket

A-90-0 7 fromJame s D

. Greaves , " A Preconditionin g Cycle fo r Potentia l Us e i n th e Fuel s an dFue l Additive s Registratio n Program, " 1992,(Docket

Ite mII-B-8)

.

### P.9 2

V , -

3650 8 Federa l Registe r/ Vol

. 61 , No

. 13 4 /

Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule ? an dRegulation s
elements

. Consisten t

wit htha t discussion , EP

A believe s tha t

th e curren t prohibitio n agains t

usin g tes t vehicles/engine s for

mor e tha n on e F / F A shoul db e retainedi n th e case o f atypica l F/FAs

. However , i n th e case o f F/FA s whic hbelon g t o th e sam e fuel famil y (a s define di n § 79.56(e)(1) ) an d whic hcontai n n o element s othe r tha n carbon , hydrogen , oxygert , nitrogen , an d sulfur , EPA beUeve s tiiat

long-term carryove r effect s ar e o

f minima l concern , an dthu s believe s tha t i t i s acceptabl e t o permi t

tes t vehicle s t o b e use dfo r mor e tha n on e suc hF/FA

.

. ThuS , fo r example , agive n tes t

vehicle / engin e coul db e use di n testin g bas e gasolin e an don e o r

mor e nonbaselin e gasolin e formulations

. A vehicl e tha t ha dbee n use dfo

r baselin e and/o r nonbaselin e gasolin e testin g ma y b e use di n testin g on e atypica l F/FA formulation , bu t

may no t subsequentl y b e use dfo

r additiona l baseline / nonbaselin e F/FA testin g no r fo r testin g o f othe r atypica l F/FAs

. T o preven t

short-termcarryove r effects , apreconditionin g procedur e i s require dt o "flus hout " th e remnants o f apreviousl y teste dF/F A an dit s emission s from avehicle' s fiiel system , engine , exhaus t

system , an demissio n ' contro l system , before tha t vehicl e i s use di n th e testin g o

f anothe r F/FA

. A suitabl e "intermediat e preconditionin g cycle " wa s describe di n th e technica l memorandu mcite dpreviously , an d EP A ha s adopte dthi s cycle , t o preven t short-termcarryove r

effect s betwee n teste dF/FAs

. Sectio n 79.52(b)(2 ) i s revise daccordingly

. IV

. Mixin g Chambe r

Qualit y Assuranc e Th e metho dspecifie di n th e F/F A programregulation s fo

r generatin g combustio n emission s t o b e use di n biologica l testin g ( § 79.57(e)(2) ) require s amixin g chambe r

or othe r apparatu s t o smoothou t

th e variabilit y i n emissio n concentration s relate dt o transient-cycl e operations

. A s aqualit y assuranc e mechanism , § 79.57(e)(2)(iii)(C ) state s tha t thi s apparatu s "mus t

functio n suc h tha t th e averag e concentratio n o f tota l hydrocarbon s leavin g th e apparatu s shal l b e withi n 1 0 percen t ofth e averag e concentratio n o

f hydrocarbon s enterin g th e chamber. " EP

A ha s note dtha t

this , languag e i s inconsisten t

wit h § 79.57(e)(2)(iv)(C) , whic hallow s intentiona l dilutio n o

f th e exhaus t streamt o occu r

"i n th e mixin g chambe r (and/o r afte r leavin g th e chamber ) t o achiev e th e desire dbiological exposure , concentrations. " T o correc t

thi s inconsistency , th e languag e i n § 79.57(e)(2)(iii)(C ) i s change dt o accoun t

fo r intentiona l exhaus t dilution

. Specifically , th e
. followin g phras e ha s bee n adde dt o th e en do f th e provisio n cite dabove :
" * * \takin g int o accoun t an y furthe r intentiona l dilutio n occurrin g i n th e apparatu s pursuan t

t o paragrap h (e)(2)(iv)(C ) o

f thi s section. " V

. Exposur e Interruption s Sectio n 79.57(e)(2)(vii ) ofth e regulation s specifie s ho w lon g
. biological exposure s ma

y b e interrupte d withou t voidin g atest-in-progress

. EP A ha s receivedfeedbac k

fromth e
. regulate dindustr y tha t

th e languag e i n thi s sectio n i s confusin g an dthat , furthermore , i t

i s inconsisten t

wit h customary laboratory practices

. EP A agree s wit hthi s criticis man dha s revisedth e cite dsection , substitutin g ne w exposur e tim e requirements

. Specifically , EP

A ha s incorporate d int o th e regulations'th e followin g minimu mrequirements: (1 ) A dail y exposur e mus t

b e at leas t 6 hour s plu s th e tim e necessary t o buil dth e chambe r atmospher e t o 90percen t

ofth e targe t exposur e atmosphere ; (2 ) A da y i n whic hth e minimu mexposur e tim e ha s no t bee n achieve ddoe s not

. coun t a s a n exposur e day ; (3 ) Exposure s mus t b e conducte dat

leas t 4 day s pe r

week ; (4)

' N o mor e tha n tw o non-exposur e day s may occu r

consecutivel y durin g th e exposur e period , includin g weekend s an dday s o n whic hth e minimu m exposur e tim e ha s no t

bee n met

. Thes e exposur e rule s purposel y d o no t mak e allowanc e for

Federa l holidays

. EP

A beUeve s tha t

additiona l "down " day s fo

r holiday s coul dimpac t th e result s o

f th e 90-da y tes t period s requiredunde r

Tie r 2 , an dcoul d- interfer e wit hEPA' s abitit y t o compar e th e results wit hothe r

F/FA s teste d durin g cycle s i n whic hholiday s di dno t occur
. Furthermore, , if

aparticula r healt heffect s tes t

guidelin e contain s exposur e requirement s tha t diffe r from thes e genera l rules , the n th e specifi c requirement s woul dtak e precedence

. A n exampl e i s th e Fertitit y an d Teratolog y assessmen t

at § 79:63(c)(l) , whic hrequires exposure s t o pregnan t anima l subject s eac hda y durin g th e first 1 5 day s o f gestation. ;

. Under thi s change , biological test s whic hdi dno t

achiev e exposure s consisten t wit hth e abov e rule s woul d b e considere dvoid

. Th e sam e rule s woul db e applie dt o bot hevaporativ e emissio n an dexhaus t

emissio n tests

. Se e th e revise dlangukg e at '

. § § 79.57(f)(3) , 79.57(e)(2)(vii ) an d 79.61(d)(5)

. A ne w § 79.63(e)(4)(iii ) ha s bee n adde dt o emphasiz e th e specia l exposur e requirement s o

f § 79.63(c)(1)

. VI , Unit s for Reportin g Emission s Dat a Sectio n 79.52(b)(l)(iv ) specifie s tha t manufacturer s report

emission s dat ai n unit s o f gram s pe r

mil e an dweigh t percen t tota l hydrocarbons

. Thes e unit s are typicall y usedt o repor t emission s dat afromlight-dut y vehicle s operatin g o n chassi s dynamometers , bu t may b e inappropriat e fo

r reporting emission s data.fro mothe r

engine/vehicl e classe s operatin g o n engin e dynamometers

. A s such , th e wordin g o f

paragrap h

- 79.52(b)(l)(iv ) ha s bee n change dt o specif y tha t F/F A manufacturer s should. , us e brake-specifi c emissio n values i n unit s o f gram s pe r

brake-horsepower

/ hou r (gm/BHP-HR

) wher e thes e unit s ar e appropriat e t o th e emission s tes t configuratio n an dth e vehicle/engin e bein g tested

. I f brake-specifi c emission s dat aar e reported, the n correspondin g change s
. ar e neede da

t severa l othe r

point s i n th e regulations

. Sectio n 79.5 2 (b)(2 ) (iii ) (D) specifie dtha t

th e concentratio n o

f individua l polyaromati c hydrocarbon s (PAHs ) an dnitrated-polyaromati c hydrocarbon s (NPAHs ) identifie din

. Tie r 1 emission s analyse s shal l b e reporte donl y i n unit s o

f microgram(jig

) pe r mile , witi i 0.00 1 n g pe r

mil e a s th e minimu mthreshol dfo

r identifyin g an d reporting o n aparticula r

PA H o r NPA H compound

. Similarly , § 79.52(b)(2)(iii)(E ) specifie dtha t th e concentratio n o f

eac hpolychlorinate d dibenzodioxin/polychlorinate d dibenzofuran (PCDD/PCDF ) identifie d i n th e Tier

1 emission s streamshal l b e reportedi n unit s o

f picogram s (pg ) pe r mile , wit h0. 5 p g pe r

mil e o r mor e a s th e minimu mthreshol dfo

r identifyin g an d reportin g o n aparticula r

PCDD/PCDF compound

. Thes e section s hav e bee n revisedt o allo w reportin g o

f PAH , NPAH , an d PCDD/PCD

Femission s dat ai n unit s o f gram s pe r BHP-HR , wher e appropriate

. Th e counterpar t

t o th e g/mil e reporting tiiresholdfor

PAH an dNPA

H compounds , expresse di n term s o f brake-specifi c emissions , woul db e 0. 5 nanogram s pe r

BHP-H Ro r more
. Likewise , th e counterpar t t o th e g/mil e reporting threshol dfor

PCDD/PCDF' compound s woul db e 0. 3 p g pe r BHP

H Ror more
. Thes e counterpart

value s were derive db y applyin g fleet averag e conversion-factors-lor'Convertin g gram s pe r mil e t o gram s pe r

BHP-HR , specifie d i n EP A Technica l Repor

t EPA-AA

SDSB-89-1

. . Fo r similar reasons , § § 79.6 8 (f)(1 ) an d (f)(5)(vi) ofth e Salmonell atyphimuriu m revers e mutatio n assay'guideline s hav e bee n modifie dt o permi t

dat afromthi s assay t o b e presente di n unit s o f eithe r revert^n,t s pe r

kilomete r

(mile ) QX*^^*.

## n P.9 3

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revertant s pe r

BHP-HR , whicheve r

i s appropriat e t o th e cas e a

t hand

. VII . Oxygenat

e Purit y Sectio n 79.51(i ) specifie s tha t afuel manufacture r

wh o report s th e potentia l us e o f mor e tha n on e oxygenatin g additiv e i n hi s non-baselin e fuel i s
' responsibl e fo

r testin g (or

participatin g i n grou p testing ) o

f aseparat e fuel formulatio n fo

r eac hsuc hoxygenatin g additive

. Thi s provisio n ha s cause d som e concer n tha t

th e occurrenc e i n a

n oxygenat e additiv e o

f unintende d oxygenate byproduct s o

f th e manufacturin g proces s coul dmultipl y
. th e testin g responsibilitie s o f afuel manufacturer

. Fo r

example , concer n ha s bee n expresse dtha t

th e occurrenc e o

f a smal l amoun t

o f tertiary-amyl-ethy l ethe r (TAEE ) a s a n unintende d byproduc t

o f ethyl-tertiary-buty l ethe r (ETBE ) productio n wil l affec

t th e groupin g o f

a n ETB E additiv e an dwil l caus e afuel manufacture r wh o blend s ETB E int o hi s fuel t o b e responsible fo r testin g TAE

E a s wel l a s ETB E (se e docke t ite mVI-D-10)

. Thi s was'no t EPA' s intentio n i n promulgatin g thi s provision

. Sectio n 79.51(i)(4 ) ha s bee n revise dt o stat e tha t

smal l amount s o

f unintende doxygenat e compound s occurrin g a s byproduct s ofth e manufacturin g proces s o

f a n oxygenatin g additiv e d o no t affect th e groupin g o

f th e affecte dF/FA s no r

th e testin g responsibilities o

f thei r manufacturers

. E. Minor Syntax Changes and Clarifications Mino r changes.t o th e regulation s ar e als o neede dt o correc t

some specifi c syntax errors
. Th e phras e "Withi n Ma y 27,1997, " occurrin g a

t th e beginnin g o

f both§ § 79.51(c)(l)(ii ) (A

) an d(B) , ha s bee n change dt o "N o late r tha n Ma y 27 , 1997"

. Similarly , th e phras e "withi n Ma y 26,2000, " occurrin g withi n § 79.51(c)(l)(ii)(B) , ha s bee n change dt o "b y Ma y 26 , 2000. " Th e languag e at th e beginnin g o

f § 79.51(e)(1) , whic hread,

" A testin g faciUty , emission s analysi s o r healt hand/o r

welfare effects , shal l permi t * * * " ha s bee n change dto : " A testin g faciUty , whethe r

engage di n emission s analysi s or

healt hand/o r welfare effect s testin g unde r thes e regulations, shal l permi t

* * * " Som e ofth e wordin g in,§. § 79.57(e ) (2)(i) , (2)(ii ) (2)(ii)(B) , (3)(i) , an d(3)(i)(A) ha s ' bee n change dt o clarif

y th e drivin g schedule s t o b e use dwhe n operatin g th e vehicl e or engin e t o generat e combustio n emission s fo

r biologica l testing

. Th e wordin g i n § § 79.51(h) , (h}(l)(ii),and(h)(l)(ii)(A)and(B ) dealin g wit hadditive s belongin g t o mor e tha n on e fuel family , ha s bee n revise dt o mak e thi s provisio n easie r t o understand , withou t

changin g th e substanc e o

f th e requirements. VIII. Background Concentration s Sectio n 79. 5 2 (b)(1 ) (iii ) require s tha t th e ambient/dilutio n ai r

t o th e engin e generatin g emission s fo

r characterizatio n b e analyze dfo r level s o f backgroun dchemica l specie s presen t a t th e tim e o

f emissio n samplin g (fo

r bothcombustio n an devaporativ e emissions)

. Thes e backgroun dchemica l specie s concentration s are t o b e reporte dwit hemission s speciatio n data

. Thi s informatio n i s necessary s o tha t i t can b e subtracte dfromth e measure d combustio n an devaporativ e concentration s i n orde r

t o detennin e th e contributio n fo

r th e F/FA

. Sectio n 79. 5 2(b)(1 ) (iii ) i s revise dt o clarif y thi s an drequir e tha t

onl y th e correcte d values b e reported. IX. Repetitiv e Drivin g Schedule s Sectio n 79.57(e)(l)(I ) require s th e Light-Dut y Urban Dynamomete r

Drivin g Schedul e (UDDS ) o r

th e Heavy Dut

y Engin e Dynamomete r

Schedul e (EDS ) a s pe r 4 0 CF Rpart

. 86

. Bot

ho f thes e drivin g schedule s require col dstart s a t th e beginnin g o

f th e cycle , an dthe y includ e extende dengine-of f time s (1 0 minute s betwee n bag s 2 an d3 fo r ligh t dut y an d2 0 minute s betwee n col dan d ho t cycle s fo r heav y duty)

. Whil e th e

. inclusio n o

f col dstart s an dextende d engine-of f time s ar e appropriat e fo

r th e certificatio n o

f ne w vehicle s an d engines , thes e tw o requirements pos e significan t

impracticalitie s fromth e standpoin t

o f generatin g combustio n emission s fo

r anima l exposures
. First , i f th e UDD S wer e repeate da s pe r th e ne w vehicl e certificatio n procedure , a n eigh t

hou r anima l exposur e woul drequir e 24 engine s sequence dfor

; acol dstart

every 2 0 minutes

. Second , th e engine-of f tim e requirement s fromth e certificatio n procedur e typicall y involv e extende d period s o f zer o emissions

. I

f thes e wer e incorporate dint o th e Tie r 2 biologica l testing , th e late r

requirement s fo

r a "settlin g chamber " whic hwil l dampe n ou t transient s t o th e poin t

tha t exposur e concentration s ar e hel dconstan t withi n ±10% , woul dresult

i n th e nee dfo

r a hug e settlin g chamber

. Thu s i t i s appropriat e t o allo w th e engin e use dfo

r anima l exposure s t o b e operate dove r

repeate d"hot " drivin g cycles

. Thi s woul dentai l repeatedBag s 2 an d3 ofth e UDD S fo

r light-dut y vehicle s an dback-to-bac k repeat s o f th e heavy-duty transien t

cycl e fo r heavy

dut y engines

. Bot

ho f thes e shoul db e ru n withou t

extende didle s or

engine-of f periods

. Repeate doperatio n o f th e engin e over th e ho t portion s (bag s 2 an d3 ) ofth e FTPwil l avoi dth e extende dengine-of f period s whic hd o no t

contribut e anythin g t o anima l exposure
. Thi s woul dminimiz e th e transient s i n th e specie s concentrations , an dreduc e th e nee dfo r alarg e settlin g chamber , withou t changin g th e natur e o

f th e specie s presen t

fo r th e anima l exposure
. A ne w § 79.57(e)(l)(i)(C ) ha s bee n adde d t o reflec t this

. X. Exposure Concentratio n Sectio n 79.57(e)[2)(yi)(B ) require s tha t th e mea n exposur e concentratio n i n th e inhalatio n chambe r

b e withi n 1 0 percen t o f th e targe t concentratio n o n 9 0 percen t o r mor e o f th e days

. Thi s implie s tha t

targe t concentration s mus t b e estabUshe dfo

r CO , C0 2 , NO x , SO x , an dtota l HC , an dnon e can vary b y mor e tha n 10 % ofth e target s o n 90 % or mor e o f th e exposur e days

. Give n th e fundamental s o

f engin e combustio n an d th e transien t

natur e o f th e drivin g cycles , i t i s impossibl e t o maintai n al l combustio n emissio n product s at a constan t leve l al l ofth e time

. Th e focu s shoul db e o n th e pollutant s whic har e limitin g fo

r th e animal s i n term s o

f exposure , whic hi s CO fo r gasolin e an d NOx fo r diesel

. Th e engin e operato r wil l onl y b e abl e t o vary th e exhaus t dilutio n ratio , an dthu s contro l i s assure dfo r onl y on e pollutan t

(CO or NOx) a t a time

. Sectio n 79.57(e)(2)(vi)(B ) ha s bee n revise daccordingly

. XI . Dilutio n System Sectio n 79.57(e)(2)(I ) state s tha t th e biologica l test s are t o b e performe d

" * * * usin g emission s generate dfrom th e tes t vehicl e o r

engin e operate di n genera l accordanc e wit hth e FTP procedure s cite di n thi s section. " Later i n thi s sectio n (a

t § 79.57(e)(2)(iii)) , th e regulation s stat e tha t

"A n apparatue s t o integrat e th e larg e concentratio n swing s typica l o f transient-cycl e exhaus t

i s t o b e use dbetwee n th e FTP-Constant Volume Sample r

(CVS ) sourc e o

f emission s an dth e exposur e chambe r containin g th e anima l tes t cages. " Thes e statement s impl y tha t

aCV S i s require d t o b e use da s afirst

stag e o f dilutio n i n th e delivery o

f combustio n emission s fo r anima l exposure
. However , w e hav e receive dacommen t

tha t th e dilutio n neede dfor

gasolin e blend s an dfo

r diese l fuel s wil l b e mor e tha n can b e accomplishe dwit haCVS

. Therfore , th e tes t laboratory shoul dno t

b e require dt o us e aCVS a s afirst stag e o f dilution

. In fact , i t

may b e mos t practica l t o us e aconstan t dilutio n (rathe r tha n volume ) sample r

t o minimiz e transien t

concentration s fo

r th e anima l exposures
. Sectio n3651 0 Federa l Registe r/ Vol

. 61 , No

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### P.9 4
^'\

.

§ 79.57(e)(2)(iii ) ha s bee n revisedt o allo w th e us e o

f an y dilutio n syste m desig n tha t

achieve s th e necessary concentratio n o

f CO or NO x(whicheve r i s limiting ) an dreduce s transien t concentratio n exposure
. XII . Collectio n o f

Particulate s an d Semi-volatile s Sectio n 79.57(e)(l)(ii ) state s tha t emission s o

f particulate s an dsemi

volatile s ar e t o b e collecte dover triplicat e FT P test s fo

r light-dut y vehicle s an danalyze da s part o f th e requirements fo

r th e characterizatio n o

f combustio n emissions

. However , th e regulatory languag e i n § 79.57(e)(l)(iii)(A ) further state s tha t

"I f th e mas s o

f particulat e emission s or semi-volatil e emission s obtaine ddurin g on e drivin g cycl e i s no t

sufficient fo r

, characterization , the n th e drivin g cycl e may b e performe dagai n an dth e extracte dfractions combine dprio r t o chemica l analysis. " Th e numbe r o f drivin g cycle s tha t

"may b e performed " i s lef t unclea r an dpotentiall y conflict s wit hth e tripUcate FTP requirements

. We hav e received acommen t tha t th e availabl e literatur e o n gasolin e blend s suggest s tha t

th e amoun t

o f particulat e an dsemi-volatil e emission s collecte d fromon e FT P tes t

o n aUght-dut

y vehicl e i s extremel y minute , i f no t les s tha n th e detectio n limit s afforde db y measuremen t

an danalytica l procedure s currentl y i n use
. Thu s § 79.57(e)(1)(iii)(A ) ha s bee n revisedt o clarif y tha t n o mor e tha n th e thre e FT P test s ar e requiredt o b e performe dfo r th e collectio n o

f particulat e an dsemi

volatil e .emissions

. And , th e tes t laboratory shoul dfocu s o n th e characterizatio n o

f th e Umit detectio n fo r particulate s an dsemi-volatil e emissions

. XIII . Environmental an d Economi c Impacts Th e environmenta l impact s o f today' s actio n ar e minimal , a s discusse dabove

. Additionally , economi c impact s ar e beneficia l t o affecte dmanufacturer s du e t o th e additiona l flexibilit y afforde di n today' s notice

. Minima l anti

competitiv e effect s are expected

. A regulatory suppor t

documen t

whic h present s EPA' s analysi s o f th e cos t impact s ofth e Ma

y 199 4 rul e i s availabl e i n PubUc Docket A-90-0 7 locate dat RoomM-1500 , Watersid e Mal l (giGundfloor), U.S

. Environmenta l Protectio n Agency , 401 M St

. S.W. , Washington , D.C

. 20460

. XIV. Regulator

y Flexibilit

y Analysi s EP A ha s determine dtha t

i t i s no t necessar y t o prepar e aregulatory fiexibiUty analysi s i n connectio n wit h thi s final rule.'Thi s rul e wil l reduc e regulatory burden s o n smal l businesse s b y reducin g or

eliminatin g th e reporting an dtestin g requirement s fo r man y smal l businesses

. EP

A ha s determine dtha t thi s rul e wi

U no t hav e asignifican t advers e economi c impac t o n a substantia l numbe r

o f smal l businesses

. XV

. Administrativ e Designatio n Pursuan t t o Executiv e Orde r

1286 6 (5 8 F R5173 5 [Octobe

r 4,1993]) , th e Agenc y mus t

determin e whethe r

a regulatory actio n i s "significant " an d therefore subjec t

t o OM B revie w an dth e requirement s ofth e executiv e order

. Th e orde r define s "significan t

regulatory action s a s on e tha t

i s likel y t o result

i n arul e tha t

may : (1 ) Hav e a n annua l effec

t o n th e economy o

f $10 0 milUo n or

more o r adversel y affect

i n amateria l way th e economy , asecto r

o f th e economy , productivity , competition , jobs , th e environment , publi c healthor safety , or State , local o r

triba l government s or communities ; (2) Create aseriou s inconsistenc y or otherwis e interfer e wit ha n actio n take n

. o r planne db y anothe r

agency ; (3 ) Materiall y alte r

th e budgetary impac t 6 f entitlement , grants , use r

fees , o r loa n program s or

th e right s an d obligation s o

f recipient s thereof; o r (4 ) Rais e nove l legal or

polic y issue s arisin g ou t

o f lega l mandates , th e '

. President' s priorities ; o

r th e principle s set fort hi n th e Executiv e Order

. Pursuan t t o th e term s o

f Executiv e Orde r 12866 , i t ha s bee n determine d tha t thi s direc t

final rul e i s no t

a "significan t

regulatory action" : Th e regulatory revision s i n thi s notic e wil l reduce testin g th e requirements an d costs

. XVI . PaperworkReductio n Ac t Th e Paperwork

Reductio n Ac t

o f • 1980,4 4 U.S.C

. 350 1 et

seq. , an d implementin g regulations, 5 CF RPart 1320 , d o no t

appl y t o thi s actio n a s i t doe s no t involv e th e collectio n o

f informatio n a s define dtherein

. XVII. Submissio n t o Congres s an d th e General Accountin g Offic e Unde r sectio n 801(a)(1)(A) ofth e Administrativ e Procedure s Ac t (APA) a s amende db y th e Sma

U Busines s Regulator y Enforcement

Fairnes s Ac t

o f 1996 , EP A submitte dreport

containin g thi s rul e an dothe r

require dinformatio n t o th e U.S

. Senate , th e U.S

. Hous e o f Representative s an dth e Comptrolle r Genera l o f th e General Accountin g Offic e prio r

t o publicatio n o

f th e rul e i n today' s Federa l Register

. Th e rul e i s no t a"majo r rule " a s define db y sectio n 804(2 ) ofth e AP

A a s amended

. XVIII. Unfunded Mandates Act Unde r sectio n 20 2 o

f th e Unfunde d Mandate s Refor

mAc t o f 199 5 ("Unfunde dMandate s Act") , signe d int o law o n Marc h22,1995 , EP A must , prepar e abudgetary impac t statemen t

t o accompan y an y propose do r final rul e tha t include s aFederal mandat e tha t ma y resul t

i n expenditur e b y State , local , an dtriba l governments , i n th e aggregate ; o r

b y th e privat e sector , o

f $10 0 millio n or

more
. Unde r

Sectio n 205 , EP A mus t selec t th e mos t cost

effectiv e an dleas t

burdensom e alternativ e tha t

achieve s th e objective s o f th e rul e an di s consisten t wit h statutory requirements

. Sectio n 20 3 require s EP

A t o establis hapla n fo

r informin g an dadvisin g an y smal l government s tha t

ma y b e significantl y o r uniquel y impacte db y th e rule

. Th e Agenc y ha s determine dtha t th e actio n promulgate dtoday doe s no t • includ e afederal mandat e tha t may resul t i n estimate dcost s o

f $10 0 millio n o r mor e t o eithe r

State , local , or

triba l government s i n th e aggregate , o r t o th e privat e sector

. Thi s propose dactio n doe s no t establis hregulatory . requirement s tha t

ma y significantl y or uniquel y affect

smal l governments

. I n fact , thi s propose dactio n ha s th e ne t effect o f reducing th e burde n ofth e fuei an dfuel additiv e registratio n program o n regulate dentities

. Therefore , th e requirement s o

f th e Unfunde dMandate s Ac t d o no t appl y t o thi s action

. XIX. Statutor

y Authorit

y

' Th e statutory authority fo r thi s direc t final rul e i s provide db y section s 20 5 (b ) an d(c) , 211 , an d301(a

) ofth e Clean Air Ac t a s amende d(4 2 U.S.C

. 7524 (b) an d (c) , 7545 , an d7601(a) , PubU c La w 95

- 95)

. Listo f Subject s i n 4 0 CF RPar t7 9 Environmenta l protection , Fuel , Fue l additive , Gasoline , Moto r vehicl e pollution , Penalties

. Dated : Jun e 27,1996

. Caro l M . Browner , Administrator. Fo r th e reason s se t

fort hi n th e preamble , par t

7 9 o f title 4 0 o f th e Code o f Federa l Regulation s i s amende da s follows : PAR T79—{AMENDED ] 1

. Th e authorit y citatio n fo r par t 7 9 continue s t o rea da s follows : Authority : 4 2 U.S.C

. 7414 , 7524 , 754 5 an d 7601

. 2

. Sectio n 79.5 1 i s amende db y revisin g paragraph s (c)(l)(ii)(A) , (c)(l)(ii)(B) , th e first

sentenc e o

f paragraph s (e)(1) , (h) introductor y text ,

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. 61 , No

. 13 4 /Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule s an dRegulation s 3651 1 (h)(l)(ii) ; an db y a.dding ane w paragrap h(i)(4 ) t o rea da s follows : §79.5 1 Genera l requirement s an d provisions

. **** * (c ) * * * (1 ) * * *

. (ii ) * * * (A ) No late r tha n Ma y 27,1997 , al l applicabl e Tie r

1 an dTier

2 requirements mus t

b e submitte dt o EPA , pursuan t t o § § 79.52 , 79.53 , an d79.59 ; or (B ) N o late r

tha n Ma y 27,1997 , al l applicabl e Tie r

1 requirement s (pursuan t t o § § 79.5 2 an d79.59) , plu s evidenc e o

f acontrac t

wit haqualifie d laboratory (or

othe r suitabl e arrangement ) fo

r completio n o

f al l applicabl e Tie r

2 requirements , mus t

b e submitte dt o EPA

. Fo r

thi s purpose , a qualifie dlaboratory i s on e whic hca n demonstrat e th e capabilitie s an d credential s specifie di n § 79.53(c)(1)

. I n addition , b y Ma

y 26 , 2000 , al l applicabl e Tie r

2 requirements (pursuan t t o § § 79.5 3 an d79.59 ) mus t b e submitte dt o EPA

. **** * (e ) Inspection of

a testing facility. (1 ) A testin g facility , whethe r engage di n emission s analysi s or

healt hand/o r welfare effect s testin g unde r th e regulations i n thi s subpart , shal l permi t a n authorize demploye e o

r dul y designate drepresentative o f EPA , at reasonable time s an di n areasonable manner , t o inspec t

th e facilit

y an dt o inspec t (an di n th e cas e o

f record s als o t o copy ) al l record s an dspecimen s requiredt o b e maintaine dregardin g studie s t o whic hthi s subpart applies

. * * * **** * (h) Special

Requirements for Additives. Whe n a n additiv e i s th e tes t subject , th e followin g rule s apply : **** * (1) * * * (ii ) Additive s belongin g t o mor e tha n on e fue l family

. (A ) I f a n additiv e produc t

i s registered i n tw o o r mor e fuel familie s a s o

f Ma y 27,1994 , the n th e manufacture r o f tha t additiv e i s responsibl e fo r testin g (or participatin g i n grou p testin g of ) th e respective additive/bas e fuel mixture s i n complianc e wit hth e requirement s o f thi s subpar t

fo r eac hfuel famil y i n whic hth e manufacture r

wishe s t o maintai n aregistratio n fo r it s additive

. (B ) I f amanufacture r

i s seekin g t o registe r suc hadditiv e i n tw o or

mor e fuel familie s then , fo

r testin g an d registratio n purposes , th e additiv e shal l b e considere dto-b e amembe r o f eac h fuel family i n whic hth e manufacture r i s seekin g registration

. Th e manufacture r i s responsibl e fo

r testin g (o r participatin g i n grou p testin g of ) th e respectiv e additive/bas e fue l mixtur e i n complianc e wit hth e requirements o f thi s subpart

fo r eac hfue l family i n whic hth e manufacture r

wishe s t o obtai n aproduc t

registratio n fo

r it s additive

. **** * (i ) * * * (4) Th e presenc e i n aparticula r oxygenatin g additiv e o

f smal l amount s o f othe r unintende doxygenat e compound s a s byproduct s o f th e manufacturin g proces s o

f th e give n oxygenatin g additiv e doe s no t affect th e groupin g o

f tha t additiv e an ddoe s no t creat e multipl e testin g responsibilities fo r manufacturer s wh o blen dtha t additiv e int o fuel

. * * * *

. * 3

. Sectio n 79.5 2 i s amende db y revisin g paragraph s (b)(l)(iii ) an d (b)(l)(iv) , (b)(2)(iii)(D ) introductor y text , an d(b)(2)(iii)(E) introductor y text , t o rea da s follows : §79.5 2 Tien
. **** * (b) * * * ( 1 ) * * * (iii ) Measuremen t

o f backgroun d emissions : I

t i s require dtha t

ambient / dilutio n ai r

b e analyze dfo

r level s o f

. backgroun dchemica l specie s presen t a t th e time o

f emission s samplin g (fo

r bot h combustio n an devaporativ e emissions ) an dtha t sampl e values b e correcte db y substractin g th e concentration s contribute db y th e ambient/dilutio n air.

. Backgroun dchemica l specie s measurement/analysi s durin g th e FTPi s specifie di n §§86.109-94(c)(5 ) an d 86.135-9 4 o

f thi s chapter

. • (iv) Concentration s o

f emissio n product s shal l b e reporte deithe r i n unit s o f gram s pe r

mil e (g/mi ) or

gram s pe r brake-horsepower/hou r

(g/bhp-hr ) (fo r chassi s dynamomete r

an dengin e dynamomete r

tes t configurations, respectively) , a s wel l a s i n unit s o f weigh t percen t o f measure dtota l hydrocarbons

. * * * * *
(2) * * *

- (iii ) * * * (D) Th e analytica l metho duse dt o measur e specie s o

f PAH s an dNPAH s shoul db e capabl e o

f detectin g a

t leas t 1 pp m(equivalen t

t o 0.00 1 microgram (ug) o f compoun dpe r

milligramo

f organi c extract ) o

f thes e compound s i n th e extractabl e organi c matter

. Th e concentratio n o

f eac hindividua l PA

H or NPA H compoun didentifie dshal l b e reportedi n unit s o

f microgrampe r

mil e or nanogram s pe r

brake-horsepower

/ hou r

(fo r chassi s dynamomete r

an d engin e dynamomete r

tes t configurations, respectively)

. Eac h compoun dwhic hi s presen t a t 0.00 1 \i% pe r mil e (0. 5 nanogram s pe r brake

horsepower/hour ) or

more mus t

b e identified , measured , an dreported

. Th e followin g individua l specie s shal l b e

. measured : **** * .(E) Th e analytica l metho duse dt o measur e specie s an dclasse s o f PCDD / PCDF s shoul db e capabl e o f detectin g a

t least. l part

pe r trillio n (ppt ) (equivalen t t o 0.00 1 picogra m(pg ) o

f compoun dpe r milligramo

f organi c extract ) o

f thes e compound s i n th e extractabl e organi c matter

. Th e concentratio n o f eac h individua l PCDD/PCDFcompoun d identifie dshal l b e reportedi n unit s o f picogram s (pg ) pe r

mil e or picogram s pe r brake-horsepower/hou r

(fo r chassi s dynamomete r

an dengin e dynamomete r tes t configurations , respectively)

. Eac h compoun dwhic hi s presen t a t 0. 5 pg / mil e (0. 3 pg/bhp-hr ) o

r mor e mus t

b e identified , measured , an dreported

. **** * 4

. Sectio n 79.5 7 i s amende db y

- addin g paragraph s (b)(2)(i) , (b)(2)(ii) , (b)(2)(iii)and(e)(l)(i)(C);andb y revisin g paragraph s (e)(l)(iii)(A) , (e)(2)(i) , (e)(2)(ii ) introductor y text , (e)(2)(ii)(B) , (e)(2)(iii ) introductor y text , (e)(2)(iii)(C) , (e)(2)(vi)(B) , (e)(2)(vii) , . (e)(3)(i)(A) , an d(f)(3) ; an db y revisin g th e wor d"cycle " t o rea d"schedule " i n paragrap h(e)(3)(i ) introductor y text ; t o reada s follows : §79.5 7 Emissio n generation

. * * * * * (b) * * * (2) * * * (i) A vehicl e o r

engin e may b e use d t o generat e emission s fo

r th e testin g o

f more tha n on e fuel or

additive , provide d tha t al l suc hfuel s an dadditive s belon g t o th e sam e fue

l family pursuan t

t o § 79.56(e)(i) , an dthat , onc e avehicl e or
. engin e ha s bee n use dt o generat e emission s fo

r a n atypica l fue

l or additiv e (pursuan t

t o § 79.56(e)(2)(iii)) , i t shal l no t b e usedi n th e testin g o

f any othe r fuel o r additive

. Paragraph s (a

) (2 ) an d(3 ) o f thi s sectio n shal l appl y onl y t o th e first

fue l or additiv e tested

. (ii ) Prio r t o bein g usedt o generat e emission s fo

r testin g a n additiona l fue l or additive , avehicl e or

engin e whic h ha s previousl y bee n usedfo r testin g a different fuel or additiv e shal l underg o a n effectiv e intermediat e preconditionin g cycl e t o remov e th e previousl y use dfue

l an dit s emission s fromth e vehicle' s fue

l an dexhaus t system s an dfro

mth e combustio n emissio n an devaporativ e emissio n contro l systems , i

f any
.

### P.9 6

3651 2 Federa l Registe r/ Vol

. 61 , No

. 13 4 /

Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule s an dRegulation s (iii ) Suc hpreconditionin g shal l ' include , a

t aminimum , th e followin g steps : (A ) Th e caniste r

(ifany ) shal l b e removedfromth e vehicl e an dpurge d wit h30 0 ° Fnitroge n a

t 2 0 liter s pe r minut e unti l th e incrementa l weigh t los s o f th e caniste r

i s les s tha n 1 gram i n 3 0 minutes

. Thi s typicall y take s 3- 4 hour s an dremoves 10 0 t o 12 0 gram s o f adsorbe dgasolin e vapors
. (B ) Th e fuel tan k

shal l b e draine dan d filledt o capacit y wit hth e ne w tes t fuel o r additive/fue l mixture

. (C) Th e vehicl e o r

engin e shal l b e operate dunti l at

leas t 95 % ofth e fuel tan k capacit y i s consumed

. (D ) Th e purge dcaniste r

shal l b e returnedt o th e vehicle

. (E ) Th e fuel tank

shal l b e draine dan d filledt o 40 % capacity wit htes t fuel

. (F) Two-hou r

fue l tank hea t build s from72-12 0 ° Fshal l b e performe d

- repeatedl y a s necessary t o achiev e caniste r breakthrough

. Th e fuel tank mus t b e draine dan dfilledprio r t o eac h hea t build

. . * *' ' * * * .(e) * * * 

### (!)*, * * (i) * * * (C ) Fo r Tie r 2 testing , th e engine s shal l operat e o n repeatedbag s 2 an d3 ofth e UDD S o r

bac k t o bac k repeat s o f th e heavy-dut y transien t

cycl e o f th e EDS

.

* • * * * * (iii) * * * (A ) I n th e cas e o

f combustio n emission s generate dfromlight-dut y vehicles/engines , th e sample s consis t o f thre e bag s o

f vapo r emission s (on e from eac hsegmen t

o f th e light-duty exhaus t emissio n cycle ) plu s on e sampl e o f particulate-phas e emission s an don e sampl e o f semi-volatile-phas e emission s (collecte dover

al l segment s ofth e exhaus t emissio n cycle)

. I

f th e mas s o

f

. particulat e emission s or

semi-volatil e emission s obtaine ddurin g on e driving

. cycl e i s no t

sufficient for characterization , u p t o thre e drivin g cycle s may b e performe dan dth e extracte dfraction s combine dprio r t o chemica l analysis

. Particulate-phas e emission s shal l no t

b e combine dwit h semi-volatile-phas e emissions

. Th e tes t laboratory shoul dfocu s o n th e characterizatio n o

f th e Umi t o f detectio n fo r particulate s an dsemi-volatil e emissions

. **** * (2) * * * Generating whole' combustion emissions for biological testing, (i ) Biological test s requirin g whol e combustio n emission s shal l b e conducte dusin g emission s generate d fromth e tes t

vehicl e or

engin e operate d i n accordanc e wit hgenera l FTP

requirements

. (ii ) Light-duty tes t

vehicles/engine s shal l b e repeatedly operate dover th e Urban Dynamomete r

Drivin g Schedul e (UDDS ) (or

equivalen t

engin e dynamomete r

trace , pe r paragrap h (e)(l)(i)(A ) o f

thi s section } an dheavy

dut y tes t engine s shal l b e repeatedly operate dover

th e Engin e Dynamometer-

. Schedul e (EDS ) (se e 4 0 CF Rpart 86 , appendi x I)

. **** *

. (B ) Th e UDD S or

ED S shal l b e repeateda s man y time s a s require dfo r th e biologica l tes t

session

. **** * (iii ) A n apparatu s t o integrat e th e larg e concentratio n swing s typica l o f transient-cycl e exhaus t

i s t o b e used betwee n th e sourc e o

f emission s an dth e exposur e chambe r

containin g th e anima l tes t

cages(s)

. Th e purpos e o

f suc happaratu s i s t o decreas e th e , variabiUt y o f th e biological exposur e atmospher e an dachiev e th e necessary concentratio n o

f CO or NOx , whicheve r i s limiting

. * * * * * (C ) Th e mixin g chambe r

(or an y alternativ e emissio n moderatio n apparatus ) mus t

functio n suc htha t

th e averag e concentratio n o

f tota l hydrocarbon s leavin g th e apparatus ' shal l b e withi n 1 0 percen t o f th e averag e concentratio n o

f hydrocarbon s enterin g th e chamber , takin g int o accoun t an y further intentiona l dilution.occurrin g i n th e apparatu s pursuan t

t o paragrap h (e)(2)(iv)(C ) o f

thi s section

. * * * * *

- (vi) * * * (B ) Thes e procedure s includ e requirements tha t

th e mea n exposur e concentratio n i n th e inhalatio n tes t chambe r shal l b e withi n 1 0 percen t o f th e targe t concentratio n fo

r th e singl e specie s bein g controlle d(establis hi n th e developmen t

phas e o f testing ) o n 9 0 percen t or mor e o f exposur e day s an d tha t dail y monitorin g o f

CO , C0 2 , NO x , SOx , an dtota l hydrocarbon s i n th e
. exposur e chambe r

shal l b e required

. Analysi s o

f th e particl e siz e distributio n shal l als o b e performe dt o establishe d th e stability,an dconsistenc y o f particl e siz e distributio n inthetes t exposure
. * * * * * (vii ) T o allo w fo

r customary laboratory schedulin g an dunforesee n problem s affecting th e combustio n emissio n generatio n o r

dilutio n equipment , biologica l exposure s ma y b e interrupte do n limite doccasions , a s specifie di n § 79.61(d)(5)

. Interruption s exceedin g thes e limitation s shal l caus e th e affecte dtest(s ) t o b e void

. Tester s shal l b e awar e o

f concern s fo

r backu p vehicles/engine s cite di n paragrap h

(a)(7)(ii ) o f tiiis section

. ***** * ( 3 ) * * * (i) * * * **** * (A ) Particulat e emission s shal l b e collecte do n particulat e filters an d extracte dfromth e collectio n equipmen t fo r us e i n biologica l tests

. Th e numbe r of , repetition s ofth e applicabl e drivin g schedul e require dt o collec t sufficient quantitie s ofth e particulat e emission s wil l vary , dependin g o n th e characteristic s o

f th e engine , th e tes t fuel , an dth e requirement s ofth e biologica l tes t

protocol

. Th e particulat e sampl e ma y b e collecte do n on e or more filters, a s necessary
. **** * 

### ffl * * * (3 ) Fo r biologica l testing , vapo r

shal l b e withdraw n fromth e EE Ga t a constan t rate , dilute dwit hai r

a s requiredfo

r th e particular

study , an d conducte dimmediatel y t o th e biological testin g chamber(s ) i n amanne r similar t o th e metho dusedi n § 79.57(e) , excludin g th e mixin g chambe r therein

. Th e rat e o

f emissio n generatio n shal l b e hig henoug ht o suppl y th e biologica l exposur e chambe r

wit hsufficient emission s t o allo w fo

r aminimu mo

f fifteen ai r change s pe r

exposur e chambe r pe r hour

. To allo w fo

r customar y laboratory schedulin g an dfo r unforesee n problem s wit hth e - evaporativ e emissio n generatio n o r dilutio n equipment , biologica l exposure s ma y b e interrupte do n limite doccasions , a s specifie di n § 79.61(d)(5)

. Interruption s exceedin g thes e limitation s shal l caus e th e affecte d test(s ) t o b e void

.

* * • * * * 5

. Sectio n 79.6 1 i s amende db y revisin g paragrap h(d)(5 ) t o reada s follows : § 79.6 1 Vehicl e emissions , i n halatio n exposure guideline

. (d )

. (5 ) Exposure Conditions. Th e preferre dexposur e regimen consists o f exposin g th e stud y animal s t o th e tes t atmospher e o n arepeate dbasi s for

. at leas t 6 hour s pe r

day o n a7-da

y pe r Wee k basi s fo r th e exposur e period

. However , unles s preclude db y th e requirement s o

f aparticula r

tes t protocol , exposure s base do n anomina l 5-day-per-week

regime n wil l b e considere dacceptable , subjec t t o th e followin g rules : (i ) Eac hdail y exposur e durin g th e exposur e period,mus t

be'a t leas t 6 hour s

## If*

4 /* ' 

### P.9 7

Federa l Registe r/

Vol

. 61 , No

. 13 4 / Thursday , Jul y 11 , 199 6 / Rule s an dRegulation s 3651 3
plu s th e tim e necessar y t o buil dth e chambe r atmospher e t o 9 0 percen t o f th e targe t

exposur e atmosphere

. A da y i n whic hthi s minimu mexposur e tim e ha s no t bee n achieve ddoe s no t coun t a s a n exposur e day

. (ii ) Nominally , anima l exposure s shoul db e conducte dfo r si x hour s pe r da y fo r five day s pe r

week

. I n n o cas e shoul dth e exposure s occu r les s tha n fou r day s pe r

wee k fo r atota l o f

65± 2 exposur e days

. • (iii ) N o mor e tha n tw o non-exposur e day s ma y occu r

consecutivel y durin g th e exposur e period , includin g day s o n whic hth e minimu mexposur e time ha s no t bee n met

.

* • * * A* 6

. Sectio n 79.6 3 i s amende db y addin g ane w paragrap h(e)(4)(iii ) t o reada s follows : § 79.63 Fertilit

y assessment/teratology

. **** * (e) * * * (4 ) * * *

. (iii ) Pregnan t

female s shal l b e expose d t o th e tes t

atmospher e o n eac han d ever y da y betwee n (an dincluding ) th e first an dfifteenthda y o f

gestation

. **** * 7

. Sectio n 79:6 8 i s amende db y revising paragraph s (f)(1 ) an dffl(5)(vi) t o reada s follows : § 79.68 Salmonell a typhimuriu m revers e mutatio n assay . **** * (f ) Data and

report— (1) Treatment

of results. Dat ashal l b e presente da s numbe r o f revertah t

colonie s pe r

plate , revertants pe r

kilogra m(o r

liter ) o f fuel , an da s revertants pe r

kilomete r

(o r mile , o r brake-horsepower/hour , a s appropriate ) fo r

eac hreplicate an ddose

. Thes e sam e measure s shal l b e recorded o n bot hth e negativ e an dpositiv e contro l plates

. Th e mea n numbe r o f revertant colonie s pe r

plate , revertant s pe r kilogra m(o r

liter ) o f fuel , an d revertant s pe r

kilomete r

(o r mile , o r brake-horsepower/hour) , a s wel l a s individua l plat e count s an dstandar d deviation s shal l b e presente dfo r th e tes t substance , positiv e control , an dnegativ e contro l plates

. **** * (5) * * * (vi ) Individua l plat e counts , mea n - numbe r o f revertan t

colonie s pe r

plate , numbe r o f revertant s pe r

kilomete r

(o r mile , o r brake-horsepower/hour) , an d standar ddeviation ; an d **** * (E RDoc

. 96-1754 9 File d7-10-96 ; 8:4 5 am ] BILLIN GCOD E 6560-60- P - _. FEDERA L EMERGENC Y MANAGEMEN TAGENC Y 4 4 CF R Part 6 2 RI N 3067-AC47 Nationa l Floo d Insuranc e Program ; Allocate d Los s Adjustmen t Expens e AGENCY : Federa l Insuranc e Administratio n (FEMA)

. ACTION : Technica l amendment

. SUMMARY

: Thi s documen t

amend s th e interi mfinal rul e publishe do n Wednesday , Ma y 15,1996 , 6 1 F R 24462-24464 , F RDoc

. 96-12019 , whic h revise dth e allocate dlos s adjustmen t expens e fe e schedul e o f th e Nationa l Floo dInsuranc e Progra m(NFIP ) Writ e You r Ow n (WYO ) Progra munde r th e Financia l Assistance/Subsid y Arrangemen t

(th e Arrangement)

. Thi s technica l amendmen t

revise s th e fe e schedul e ofth e interi mfinal rule , restorin g th e previou s basi s fo r determinin g th e amoun t o f th e floo d los s an dth e resulting fees

. EFFECTIV EDATE : Jul y 11,1996

. FO RFURTHE RINFORMATIO

N CONTACT

: Charle s M

. Plaxico , Jr. , Federa l Emergenc y Managemen t Agency , Federa l Insuranc e Administration , 50 0 C Stree t SW. , Washington , D C 20472 , (202 ) 646-3422

. SUPPLEMENTAR

Y INFORMATION : Backgroun d O n Ma y 15,1996 , th e Federa l Insuranc e Administratio n (FIA ) publishe da n interi mfinal rul e (FRDoc

. 96-12019 ) tha t

modifie dth e allocate d los s adjustmen t

fe e schedul e o f

th e Nationa l Floo dInsuranc e Progra m (NFIP ) Writ e You r

Ow n Progra munde r th e Financia l Assistance/Subsid y Arrangemen t

(th e Arrangement)

. Tha t ' interi mfinal rul e adde dne w los s range s an drevisedth e fee s fo r adjustin g claim s i n th e highe r

range s unde r

th e NFIP

. Th e revisedfe e schedul e als o containe d footnote s establishin g ane w basi s (replacemen t

cost , no t

t o excee dpolic y limits , i n al l cases ) fo r

determinin g th e amoun t o f loss

. Befor e th e Ma y 15,199 6 changes , th e amoun t o f los s reporte dan duse dfo r determinin g th e allocate dlos s adjustmen t

fe e wa s eithe r

o n a n actua l cas hvalu e o r

areplacement

cos t basis , dependin g o n ho w th e los s wa s adjusted

. Standar ddeductible s wer e applie di n al l cases
. Th e Ma y 15,199 6 change s require dWY O companie s t o repor t losses , regardles s o f

ho w the y wer e adjusted , o n areplacement cos t basis

. Thi s requirement , however , i s inconsisten t

wit hcurren t

system s reporting an drecording capabiUties

. Nee dT o Correc t Publicatio n A numbe r

o f WY O companie s reportedtha t

the y coul dno t

mee t th e reporting requirement

o f th e Ma y 15 , 199 6 interi mfinal rul e i n atimel y manner
. I n orde r

t o mee t th e reportin g requirement , WY O companie s nee d additiona l tim e t o reprogramthei r dat a processin g systems

. FEM A agrees , an d b y thi s amendmen t

revert s t o th e method s fo r

calculatin g th e amoun t o f los s i n effec t

befor e th e Ma y 15,199 6 interi mfinal rule

. Th e ne w los s range s an drevise dfee s fo r

th e highe r

range s remai n th e sam e a s i n th e Ma y 15,199 6 rule

. Th e basi s fo r

determinin g fee s
. containe di n th e Ma y 15,199 6 interi m final rul e wil l b e honore dfro mMa y 15 , 199 6 unti l today , th e effectiv e dat e o f thi s revise dinteri mfinal rule

. FIA wil l provid e separat e guidanc e t o WY O companie s o n ho w t o handl e financial reporting fromMa y 15,199 6 unti l today

. Correctio n o f

Publicatio n Accordingly , Exhibi t

A , Fe e Schedule , ofth e publicatio n o f

Ma y 15,1996 , a t 6 1 FR24463-24464 , (FRDoc

. 96-12019 ) i s correcte dt o rea da s follows :
EXHIBI TA.—FE E SCHEDULE Rang e (bycovere d loss )
Erroneou s Assign

ment

. Close d Withou t Pay

- . ment

. Minimu m fo rUpton

Jone s Claims

. $0.0 1 t o $600.0 0 $600.0 1 t o $1,000.0 0 $1,000.0 1 t o $2,000.00

. $2,000.0 1 t o $3,500.00

. $3,500.0 1 t o $5,000.00

. $5,000.0 1 t o $7,000.00

. $7,000.0 1 t o $10,000.00

. $10,000.0 1 t o $15,000.00

. $15,000.0 1 t o $25,000.00

. $25,000.0 1 t o $35,000.00

. $35,000.0 1 t o $50,000.00

. $50,000.0 1 t o $100,000.00

. $100,000.0 1 t o $250,000.00

. $250,000.0 1 an d u p Fee

. $40.0 0
125.0 0 • 800.0 0
150.0 0 175.0 0 225.0 0

' • .275.0 0
350.0 0
425.0 0
500.0 0
550.0 0
600.0 0
675.0 0
750.0 0
3.0 %
2.3 % bu t no t les s tha n $3,000

. 2.1 % bu t no t les s tha n $5,750

.