CHPS Combat Hybrid

Power System

by Ghassan Khalil and Terrence Burke

US Army TACOM

T

he CHPS Program started in 1995 as a partnership between DARPA and

TACOM to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of an integrated combat vehicle system. This system was designed for a 15-ton wheeled vehicle

which would include an ETC gun, EM armor, would meet the mobility requirement

of future combat vehicles and also be transportable in a C-130. Although the

concept is designed for a notional 15-ton vehicle, all technologies developed

under the CHPS are to be scalable from 4 to 40 tons vehicle weight.

The reasons behind this program reside mainly in the fact that future vehicles have

to be smaller, lighter, more deployable, more agile, more lethal and more survivable than the current fleet of vehicles. Studies have shown that the state of the art

technologies used in conventional vehicles are not adequate for meeting all these

requirements. The amount of electric power will have to be increased from a few

kilowatts to megawatt levels. Consequently energy storage to meet the electric

power demand onboard the vehicle becomes critical and is beyond what standard

auxilliary power units (APUs) can provide. Therefore, new enabling technologies

had to be identified, developed and demonstrated in an integrated system, as they

would function in a combat vehicle. Based on that, the CHPS program was introduced in two phases. Phase I consisted of identifying the best possible design to

achieve the program goals and was carried out by three separate teams of contractors, government engineers and academia experts. The second phase consisted of three parts: assessing the state of development of the identified technologies

in Phase I and pursuing the development of those technology candidates with the

most promising potential; demonstrating the developed technologies in a System

Integration Lab (SIL); and developing and validating virtual prototype models to

evaluate future combat vehicles at different weight classes and for various mission

scenarios.

CHPS Concept

CHPS is an integrated power management and distribution system that can deliver power to high pulse loads and continuous loads simultaneously according to a

programmable control precedence. 

Continued on page 2 

Volume 2, Number 3

July 2001

Contents

Combat Hybrid Power

System.......................1

Director’s Corner........... 3

FYI............................... 8

Smart Weapons Training

Seminar................... 10

Calendar of Events..... 11

WSTIAC is a DoD Information

Analysis Center Sponsored by the

Defense Technical Information

Center and Operated by IiT

Research Institute

WST

WEAPON SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY INFORMAT ION ANALYSIS CENTE R

IAC
Continued from page 1 

Medium

Power

Laser

ETC

Gun

High Power

Microwave

Dynamic

Armor

Counter

Mine

Counter

Measures

Active

Suspension

Life

Support Communications Stealth Propulsion

POWER

CONDITIONING

CONTROLS

Si and SiC

HighTemperature

PowerElectronics

Intelligent Controls

POWER

AVERAGING

Dual-use flywheel

ENERGY

STORAGE

Li-Ion Batteries

Engine

Generator

Electro/Turbo

Compounded

Diesel

Electric

Propulsion

Pulsed

10 KVDC

Transient

270 VDC -

1200 VDC

Continuous

28 VDC -

1200 VDC

h

h

FCS

Figure 1: CHPS Concept

This concept is shown schematically in Figure 1.

The prime power is derived from two sources, the engine-generator and the energy storage system. The power split is programmed and balanced according to the duty cycle dictated by

the mission scenario. For the CHPS program, a mission scenario was developed, based on user's input and on existing duty

cycles, to establish a requirement definition for the notional 15-

ton vehicle. This was particularly useful for continuous loads,

such as propulsion. For pulse power, a combination of flywheel

and capacitor Pulse Forming Network was initially considered

which required a 300 kW flywheel development program. This

was later removed from the program due to funding constraints. 

Technology Development

Among the technologies identified in Phase I, Silicon Carbide

(SiC), Lithium Ion batteries, high speed flywheel, high energy

density capacitors, in-hub electric traction motors, advanced

Silicon inverter with repackaged IGBT and electric turbo-compounding were believed to be the most important ones that

could be developed and demonstrated by the year 2004.

Other technologies such as fuel cells, matrix inverters, and

switch reluctance motors were considered longer term and subject to evaluation pending further development.

The high-speed flywheel and the SiC were initially linked

together in the program. The flywheel was to be developed 

by UT-CEM, and a SiC inverter controling the operation of the

flywheel was to be developed by Northrup-Grumman.

Extensive work was required for each. As mentioned earlier, the

flywheel was removed from the CHPS program because of

funding constraints. However, because of the potential of SiC as

an enabling technology, the SiC devices originally intended for

the 300 kW SiC inverter, were kept and used to develop a 150

kW SiC DC-DC converter consisting of three modules at 50 kW

each.

Although the high speed flywheel for the ETC gun was cancelled, another load averaging flywheel with a 2kw-hr capacity

was leased from Magnet Motor of Germany, and used in the

SIL to evaluate its performance as a mechanical battery with fast

energy discharging characteristics.

Silicon Carbide

Silicon carbide (SiC) is an emerging semiconductor material

with properties that can greatly improve the performance of

power devices. Silicon carbide, with crystal quality suitable for

electronic devices, first became commercially available in large

quantities from Cree Research, Inc. in 1989. Even in the relatively early stages of material development, prototype silicon

carbide power devices demonstrated an impressive potential by

operating at much higher temperatures and power densities

than silicon devices, and by efficiently controlling current at

high voltages and high switching rates not possible with 

Continued on page 3
Continued from page 2

Voltage across

Terminals

1000V/div

Current in AC

Terminals

200mA/div

Figure 2: CHPS High Voltage SiC Rectifier operating at 3200V and 83 kHz, no load.

currently available silicon devices. Cree Research reports reliable operation of silicon carbide thyristors at over 900o

F. Fast,

efficient silicon carbide rectifiers have reduced inverter losses by

>10% while operating at 100 kHz and 300 volts. Figure 2

shows the CHPS SiC rectifier operating at 83 kHz and 3200 V.

The combination of these capabilities offers the possibility of

performing electric motor control, power conversion and thermal management with systems that are, arguably, 70-80%

smaller. This addresses the main challenge for future Army

hybrid electric combat vehicles - how to fit high power systems

for continuous and pulsed power on a mobile vehicle.

Advances in a number of areas are needed, to ultimately realize silicon carbide's full potential: SiC material growth, power

device design, power converter design, development of capacitors and magnetics, packaging and thermal management. By

targeting key developments in inverter design and packaging,

the CHPS program aims to build a high power silicon carbide

based converter using currently available silicon carbide materials and prototype devices. In the course of the program,

Northrop Grumman demonstrated the highest powered all-silicon carbide motor drive at approximately 50 W. The challenging goal of the CHPS program is to demonstrate a 50,000 W

dc-dc converter module. The program addresses all efforts

needed to achieve high-temperature high-frequency operation

using available silicon carbide gate-turn-off thyristor (GTO)

devices. This difficult task is further compounded by the fact

that available devices are only about 0.04" square.

A high voltage dc-dc converter was chosen to charge the pulse

power energy store, a high voltage (10kV) capacitor bank. The 

improved low-loss high frequency switching capability and the

high operating temperature of silicon carbide are expected to

dramatically reduce the size of the power converter while maintaining or improving the capacitor charging rate and frequency. Volume reduction is due to reduced transformer and snubber capacitor size associated with high frequency operation,

and to high power density device operation and packaging.

The overall volume is expected to be reduced to approximately

10-20 % of a comparable silicon-based converter. It is also

expected to reduce size of the thermal management system by

a factor of 5. High temperature capability facilitates more efficient heat transfer by increasing the temperature difference

between heat sink and ambient, and also allows for higher

power operations for short duration. For the first time, a compact air-cooled system may be feasible.

The converter will be supplied from the main dc voltage bus

(nominally 500 VDC). Each 50 kW module will produce about

3300 VDC. Modules can be stacked to achieve the higher

voltages and power levels required in a fielded system.

Improved SiC device performance is expected to allow module

operation at 100 kHz (and 50 kW). Each module is composed

of three sections: 1) a 500V H-bridge inverter, 2) a high-frequency transformer, and 3) a high-speed high voltage (10kV)

rectifier. The H-bridge will operate at junction temperatures up

to 250o

C.

In order to achieve 50 kW, Northop Grumman developed lowinductance packaging capable of operating more than 80 of

these devices in parallel. Devices are "sandwiched" between 

Continued on page 4

WSTIAC Newsletter 3rd Quarter 2001
Vak

20uS/div

Iak

Ig gto

Vgd Jfet

Figure 3: CHPS SiC GTO operating at 100 kHz,

100V and .75 A

As a result, current rating is limited to 2-5 A per device, and

many devices must operate in parallel to make a high current

module. At the time devices were fabricated for the CHPS program, a good yield could be obtained by using 1mm x 1mm

device size. With recent improvements, 2 x 2 or even 3mm x

3mm devices are possible. This effective 4-9 time improvement

in current rating will greatly simplify power module fabrication.

Figure 4: CHPS Li Ion Batteries Continued on page 5

Today, GTO's and rectifiers are the most reliable silicon carbide

devices demonstrated at high power and voltage. Ultimately,

more efficient "majority carrier" silicon carbide device structures

can be used at high powers. Silicon carbide FETs can be

expected to have comparable performance to silicon IGBTs and

GTOs, with improvements in operating frequency and efficiency. SiC GTOs have demonstrated both high temperature and

high frequency operation at high voltage. Figure 3 shows

operation of the CHPS SiC GTO at 100 kHz and 100V. The

GTO has drawbacks with respect to control and conduction

loss. In silicon, its diode-like conduction characteristic is superior, particularly at very high power. However, the widebandgap characteristic of silicon carbide makes the minimum

possible forward voltage drop of the SiC GTO 2.7 volts rather

than 0.7 volts, significantly higher than silicon. NorthrupGrumman is the prime subcontractor, but device development

was also performed by GE CRD, both under the DARPA

MegaWatt Switch Program, and later by Cree Research, Inc., in

part under a joint DARPA-ONR program.

Batteries

Lithium Ion Batteries: Several types of batteries were considered, from inexpensive lead acid to Lithium polymer, which is

still in development. The Li-Ion battery was selected due to its

potential as a pulse power source and its high energy density

which can exceed that of a lead acid battery by a factor of

three. 

The power density of the Li-Ion battery can exceed that of the

lead acid by about an order of magnitude. Figure 5 illustrates

one interesting feature of these batteries. It demonstrates that

the current passing capability increases with temperature as the

internal resistance of the battery decreases.

high thermal conductivity ceramic substrates. Because of the

high operating temperature, the thermal expansion of the sandwich materials must be closely matched to the silicon carbide.

Reliable high temperature brazing, and reliable high-temperature insulation, capable of withstanding much higher electric

fields and high frequency, are significant related advancements.

Silicon carbide has material properties that make it a power

device designer's dream, but a manufacturer's nightmare.

Compared to silicon, its thermal conductivity is 2-3 times higher, bandgap is about 3 times higher, and critical field is almost

an order of magnitude higher. These properties allow designers to design devices that can operate at 600o

C vs 125oC, and

have 100x the power density. It offers the near-term possibility

to make devices that can operate at 3000V, 300 A/cm2,

100kHz, 200o

C, and to shift the thermal limitation from the

device to the packaging. Although material quality has

improved steadily, usable area is still limited by "killer" defects

known as "micropipes" or "micropores". The presence of a single defect will significantly reduce device blocking voltage.

These defects occur in high concentrations, on the order of 25

- 100 cm-2, but selected wafers may have as little as 5/cm2.

The distribution of micropipes is non-uniform, so selected areas

of the highest quality wafers may have significant area (1cm2 )

with no micropipes. Using this approach, Cree Research has

reported large-area (cm2 ) devices. Otherwise, in order to

achieve a suitable yield of high-performance devices, small

devices must be used. 

Continued from page 3
Continued from page 4

Pulse Forming Network (PFN)

The high auxiliary electric power demand required by electric

weapons (ETC gun and Directed Energy Weapons: HEL and

Microwaves) must have a PFN to deliver the pulse power to the

load. PFNs must be sufficiently compact to be integrated into

a combat vehicle. This depends on the state of development of

high voltage and high current capacitors and the thermal management. In the interim, CHPS used existing PFN from the

Defense Special Weapons Agency (now the Defense Threat

Reduction Agency) that had capacitors with energy densities on

the order of 0.3j/cc. New development of film capacitors and

upgraded PFN is in progress. These will be evaluated in CHPS

to investigate their potential for pulse power applications. The

new capacitors will have energy density on the order of 2.5

j/cc. In the long term, film capacitor developers believe they

can reach energy densities higher than 10joules/cc. 

Figure 7: In-hub axial gap

permanent magnet motor.

Electric Turbo Compounded Prime Mover

Turbocompounding is not a novel idea. Earlier efforts demonstrated some payoffs, but only at certain portions of the speed

and load range, particularly at the higher end. For a military

vehicle (hybrid in particular) the turbocompounding benefit is

potentially significant. The heat energy, which is normally dissipated, can be used to drive a generator and produce electrical energy, thus increasing the efficiency of the prime power by

10 to 12%. A study of this concept was conducted under the 

Continued on page 6

Traction Motors

The electric motors used in the CHPS notional vehicles are

advanced design AC induction motors as shown in Figure 6.

These motors have been designed with improved internal cooling circuits to increase their torque capability, allowing the vehicle to develop a tractive effort to weight ratio of 1.3 (te/wt=1.3)

on a transient basis. The motors shown in figure 6 are used in

tandem for tracked vehicles or individually mounted on the axle

for wheeled vehicle applications. Currently, each axle has one

drive motor making the CHPS notional vehicle a 3x6. Ideally,

motors in a hybrid wheeled vehicle should be installed in each

wheel to capitalize on the flexibility of component arrangement

and their packaging density. Furthermore, the in-hub motors

provide pivot and skid steer capability and also add redundancy to the drive system. In-hub motors must be of pancake type

configuration as shown in Figure 7. They must be light weight

and have high torque density so as not to add too much weight

to the unsprung mass and compromise the mobility of the vehicle. The motor shown in Figure 7 is an axial gap permanent

magnet motor that will be evaluated in the CHPS program for

in-hub application.

Figure 5: Current passing capability

CHPS LiO N 

TEMPERATURE RISE due to 300W, 140Min, 80% to 20% SOC

ALTERNATING CURRENT LOAD LEVEL POWER CYCLE

Alternating Current Load Level Power Cycle, CHPS Cell 30ah5-15 @25C

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

80000 81000 82000 83000 84000 85000 86000 87000 88000 89000

Time (Sec)

Current (A) & Capacity (Ah) & Voltage (V*10)

10

20

30

40

50

60

Temperature (C) 

Voltage [V*10] Current [A] AhAccu [Ah] Temp [C]

+/-86A

80% to 20% SOC

22.6C

48.3C

Voltage * 10

Nominal Voltage [V] 3.6

Capacity at C/2 rate [Ah] 30

Specific energy [Wh/kg] 105

Energy density [Wh/l] 235

Specific Power [W/kg] 1100 See Note 1

Power Density [W/l] 2140

Self Discharge <15% per Month

Diameter [mm] 54

Case Height [mm] 208 max

Weight [g] 1050

Volume [dm3] 0.5

NOTE 1: 50% SOC 18S Pulse Discharge & Instantaneous Pulse Regeneration

NOTE 2: Energy density and power density are at the cell level, not at the module 

or pack.

WSTIAC Newsletter 3rd Quarter 2001

Figure 6: AC induction motor.
peratures of the switching devices (125o

C ) and the coolant

inlet temperature (65o

C ) at the base plate of the IGBT. The

temperature difference between the base plate and the junction

is due to the several electrical insulating layers between the

base and the junction. The advanced inverter developed under

the CHPS program uses IGBTs that have been repackaged without some of the insulation which contributes to the temperature

difference (∆T). This inverter allows the coolant temperature to

rise to 90o

C thus reducing the cooling system size by approximately 50%.

The System Integration Lab (SIL)

The SIL shown in Figure 9 is a lab facility where all components

and subsystems that make up the combat hybrid power system

can be integrated and validated. Full power and energy storage with real loads and/or load simulators are assembled, as

they would function in a combat vehicle. These subsystems

include the ETC gun and EM armor load emulator, the PFN, the

Li-Ion battery bank, engine/generator, flywheel, traction motors,

and controllers operating within a power management and distribution architecture, with the associated thermal management, grounding, shielding and all ancillaries.

The SIL is designed to be reconfigurable to evaluate different

concepts and different component technologies. It is located at

UDLP's facilities in San Jose. It is open and available for government contractors to test their hardware, particularly for the

Future Combat Systems (FCS) contracts. The SIL was completed in 1999, and demonstrated with the components and systems described above. The feasibility of the CHPS concept

shown in Figure 1 was also demonstrated. Simultaneous power

delivery for pulse and continuous loads was also demonstrated.

This represents shooting an ETC gun mounted on a combat

vehicle turret while moving the vehicle at high speed, i.e. fire on

the move maneuvers. 

Figure 9: The System Integration Lab (SIL) Continued on page 10

Advanced High Temperature Si Inverter

The Silicon inverter is an intermediate solution to the hybrid

electric drive thermal management problem while SiC power

semiconductors remain in the development stage. The size of

the cooling system in commercially available semiconductor

devices, such as IGBTs, is not acceptable for combat vehicle

applications. The main reason is the junction operating tem

AlliedSignal Turbomachinery

(Based on commercial units)

SatCon Generator 

(Based on Patriot)

UDLP Generator/Starter

(Based on Bradley-ED unit)

Figure 8: Electric Turbocompounding 

CHPS (Figure 8) The thermodynamic analysis proved, if nothing else, that this is a concept worth pursuing in the lab.

However, just as in the case of the flywheel, this portion of the

program had to be cancelled because of insufficient funding.

We will use the previous analysis as a baseline to explore and

validate the efficiency increase from exhaust heat energy.

High Output HSDI Diesel

(Navistar 5.8L V8)

Continued from page 5
T

he Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense

(Science and Technology) has increased its focus on

electric armament and protection technologies because

of a growing realization that electric technologies will play a

critical role in many future weapons systems and platforms,

helping DoD achieve warfighter requirements within acceptable cost and risk parameters. The WSTIAC worked closely

with the DUSD(S&T) Weapons Systems Directorate to plan

and conduct an Electric Armament and Protection Technology

Workshop that was held 26-29 March 2001 at the Institute for

Defense Analyses in Alexandria, VA. This workshop was coorganized with the relevant Reliance Panels: Weapons,

Ground and Sea Vehicles and Air Platforms.

This workshop assessed the state-of-the-art of current electric

armament/protection technology programs and identified

critical future needs. The goals of the workshop were to: 

h Identify technology gaps;

h Identify integration issues;

h Explore technology opportunities;

h Identify cross-cutting themes for possible joint/collabo

rative programs; and

h Enhance Reliance.

Eighty-seven electric armament and protection technology

experts, representing the Service Labs (Army, Navy and Air

Force), DoD Agencies, warfighting and requirements organizations, DIA, DOE, industry and academia participated in this

workshop.

The workshop consisted of 11⁄2 days of plenary sessions, with

presentations that covered the threat, DoD requirements for

electric armament and protection technology, current ground,

sea and air electric armament and protection technology programs (including funding levels and future plans) and related

DOE Laboratory programs. The Workshop attendees were

each assigned to one of three technical panels: Electric

Armament and Lethality Technology, Electric Protection

Technology and Enabling Technology. These three technical

panels met simultaneously for one day to deliberate and

address the following questions with respect to their assigned

technology area:

h Do we have the right S&T goals;

h What are the technology opportunities;

h What, if any, are the impediments and speed bumps;

h Is our emphasis correct;

h What gaps exist in the current S&T programs;

h What is the technology readiness level;

h When can the technology be fielded;

h Is the current funding profile adequate;

h What program/funding changes do you recommend; 

and

h What are the opportunities for joint/collaborative 

programs. 

Panel outbriefings on the last half day gave each technical

panel chair an opportunity to present their panel's response to

the above questions. 

The findings and recommendations from the workshop included:

h Electric technology offers considerable potential to 

reduce the size & weight of ground, sea and air platforms

and significantly increase warfighting capabilities;

h There are opportunities to enhance current electric

armament and protection technology programs and 

accelerate the application of this technology to ground, 

sea and air platforms;

h Common thread is dependence on enabling/component technology maturity; but, there is a lack of critical

mass, both individually & collectively; and

h Intellectual/industrial base in enabling technologies is 

very fragile.

The current issue of the WSTIAC Newsletter features an article by Messrs. Gus Khalil and Terry Burke, Army TankAutomotive and Armaments Command, that discusses Army

and DARPA initiatives to develop a test bed for evaluating

electric technologies for future ground combat vehicles. 

We welcome your feedback about the WSTIAC Newsletter

and solicit your suggestions for future topics you would like to

see included. You can reach me by Email at

wkitchens@iitri.org or by phone at (703) 933-3317. n

WSTIAC Newsletter 3rd Quarter 2001

A View from Washington

by Dr Wes Kitchens

Director/Chief Scientist’s Corner
FREE ELECTRON LASERS

FREE ELECTRON LASERS FOR WARSHIPS

Naval Postgraduate School Department of Physics

Distinguished Professor W. B. Colson

The Navy needs an effective and surgical defensive weapon against short-range

missiles. Recently, it has become clear that we may need to defend ships against

small boats without resorting to exploding our warheads near civilians.

NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL RESEARCH Volume 11, Number 2 June 2001

(NPS Research Newsletter is published tri-annually by the Office of the Associate

Provost and Dean of Research.)

http://web.nps.navy.mil/~code09/newsletters/Jun01ResNews.pdf

FREE ELECTRON LASER DEVELOPMENT FOR DIRECTED ENERGY

CDR Roger D. McGinnis, United States Navy

Doctor of Philosophy in Physics - December 2000

This dissertation investigates power requirements for a Free Electron Laser (FEL) to

burn though various missile radome materials. It also includes computer simulation

results for several FEL system configurations designed to achieve maximum power

while maintaining strict energy spread constraints. The method used to determine

power requirements to burn through materials was to use the Thomas Jefferson

National Accelerator Facility Free Electron Laser to conduct material damage experiments. As the laser was improved and increased in power, the laser spot sizes on

the target materials were increased while maintaining a constant irradiance. The key

results from these experiments included determining minimal spot sizes that can be

used for future experiments, and validations that an irradiance level of 10 kW/CM2

can burn through most missile radome materials in a few seconds. The computer

simulations involved changing various parameters of an FEL such as electron energy levels, pulse lengths, magnetic field strengths, desynchronism, as well as several

other parameters, to determine the best possible configuration to achieve the desired

power levels and energy spread requirements for development of a megawatt size

FEL. The results indicated that for the proposed designs, both the required power

and the required energy spread limit can be met. Available from DTIC as

ADA387898. Continued on page 10 8

FYI . . .

Check out our website at

http://iac.dtic.mil/wstiac/

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WSTIAC can assist with technical support:

hCall for papers

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The WSTIAC Newsletter is the current awareness publication of the Weapon Systems Technology

Information Analysis Center (WSTIAC). WSTIAC, a

Department of Defense (DoD) Information Analysis

Center (IAC), is administratively managed by the

Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Defense

Technical Information Center (DTIC) under the DoD

IAC Program. The Contracting Officer's Technical

Representative (COTR) for WSTIAC is Mr. H. Jack

Taylor, ODUSD (S&T), Defense Pentagon,

Washington, D.C. 20301-3080, (703) 588-7405. IIT

Research Institute operates WSTIAC, which services

Government, industry, and academia as a Center of

Excellence in Weapon Systems Technology.

WSTIAC Director: Dr. Wes Kitchens

703.933.3317, Email: wkitchens@iitri.org

Database Inquiries: Vakare Valaitis

703.933.3362 Email: vvalaitis@iitri.org

Internet: http://iac.dtic.mil/wstiac/

All data and information herein reported are believed

to be reliable; however, no warrant, expressed or

implied, is to be construed as to the accuracy or the

completeness of the information presented. The

views, opinions, and findings contained in this publication are those of the author(s) and should not be

construed as an official Agency position, policy, or

decision, unless so designated by other official documentation.
Seminar Scope:

The Weapon Systems Technology Information

Analysis Center (WSTIAC) developed this 2-1⁄2 day

Smart Weapons Training Seminar to provide a comprehensive understanding of smart weapons and

related technologies. This seminar is aimed at providing general knowledge about smart weapons

technology and a source of current information on

selected U.S. and foreign smart weapons, to include

system description, concept of employment, performance characteristics, effectiveness and program

status. 

Seminar Objectives:

The seminar's objective is to inform materiel and

combat developers, systems analysts, scientists,

engineers, managers and business developers about

smart weapons to include: State of the art of representative U.S. and foreign smart weapon systems;

Employment concepts; Smart weapons related systems, subsystems, and technologies; and

Technology trends.

Seminar Sponsors:

hDUSD(S&T) Weapons

hDefense Technical Information Center(DTIC)

hJoint Technical Coordinating Group Munitions

Effectiveness(Smart Munitions Working Group) 

Smart Weapons Training Seminar

Please call Mrs. Shirley Hardy 

at (256) 382-4756 or 

email shardy@iitri.org 

for more information and a brochure with seminar details.

Smart Weapons Training Seminar Offered at Your Location

WSTIAC can conduct its 2-1⁄2 day Smart Weapons Training Seminar at your location during 2001 to reduce your travel time and cost. This seminar has been presented to hundreds of students over the past decade. This is a very cost effective way to provide smart

weapons training to up to 35 people at your site. 

About the Seminar:

This seminar was originally developed for the U.S.

Army Command and General Staff College in Fort

Leavenworth, Kansas. It has proven to be enormously popular with attendees from both government and industry. The seminar is updated annually to include current information about the latest

technology and capability upgrades being made to

representative US and foreign smart weapon systems. Instructors include: Dr. Wes Kitchens, WSTIAC Director and former DDR&E Director for

Weapons Technologies; Mr. Mark Scott and Mr.

Hunter Chockley, IITRI Science Advisors; and Mr.

Mike Holthus, foreign weapons expert at the

National Ground Intelligence Center. 

Security Classification:

The security classification of this seminar is SECRET

(U.S. Citizens Only).

Fee:

The registration fee for this 2-1⁄2 seminar is $950 for

US government personnel and $1150 for government contractors. Contractor teams of 3 or more,

registered at the same time, are charged $950 per

person.

Registration:

Attendance is limited to 35 people and the seminars

generally fill up fast. All registrations will be

acknowledged, and each attendee will be sent an

agenda, maps, and directions to the seminar site.

21-23 August 2001

WSTIAC Newsletter 3rd Quarter 2001
WSTIAC Wants Your Contributions

We hope you find this issue of the WSTIAC

Newsletter useful and interesting.

You can help us to better serve you by your

contributions, such as:

hYour comments on what you liked and

disliked about the Newsletter

hYour suggestions for WSTIAC data

products and services

hTechnical articles, opinion pieces, tutorials, news releases or letters to the Editor for

publication in the Newsletter

To contact WSTIAC, use any of the ways listed on the back cover, or use the feedback form

on the WSTIAC webpage

We welcome your contributions.

SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT

INVESTIGATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF

ACCOMMODATING THE INTERNATIONAL MOBILE

TELECOMMUNICATIONS (IMT) 2000 WITHIN THE 1755-

1850 MHZ BAND 9 February 2001

The 1755-1850 MHz band is used for critical national defense

systems such as telemetry, tracking, and commanding of satellite systems (i.e., GPS, Milstar, and Defense Support Program

(DSP), among others); precision guided munitions; tactical

radio relay communication systems; air combat training systems; targeting; intelligence; and the real-time delivery of voice,

video, and data information to warfighters and their commanders. The band may be auctioned off in the United States

to the next generation of public cell phones -also referred to as

Third Generation, or International Mobile Telecommunications

2000.

http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/threeg/33001/dodassessment.pdf

TARGETING: LETHAL AND NONLETHAL...

The current issue of Field Artillery Magazine features a number

of interesting articles on the topic of targeting.

Field Artillery is a bimonthly magazine published by the US

Army Field Artillery, Fort Sill, Oklahoma. http://sillwww.army.mil/FAMAG/. n

Virtual Prototype

The virtual prototype model was developed by SAIC and UTCEM to evaluate new concepts in components and architectures for future combat vehicles. It provides information on the

feasibility of various mission scenarios in a virtual environment.

This tool is intended to guide the development of critical technologies and their integration into a notional vehicle, thus creating a hardware/driver in the loop. The models are to be validated with the SIL hardware test data. The virtual prototype

models take into consideration all design and integration elements of the vehicle, including grounding, EMI shielding and

thermal management. The 15-ton virtual prototype system is

shown in figure 10. 

Figure 10: Virtual Prototype

Summary

The CHPS technology development program is very unique. It

is the first attempt to put a power integration system that

includes both pulse and continuous power under one architecture and one power management system. The SIL facility provides the means to validate emerging technologies and to verify their viability in a vehicle system environment. The results

obtained from the CHPS provides adequate support to other

Army programs, and provides decision makers with the proper

technical information necessary for the right technology choices. n

About the Authors:

Ghassan Khalil holds a M.Sc in Mechanical engineering from Wayne State

University. He joined TACOM in 1985 working in the propulsion area, mainly

drivetrain. He has been the team leader of the electric drive team since 1989.

Previously he worked for Ford Motor Company in the area of powertrain test

and evaluation. He has worked with six NATO nations on the development

and demonstration of hybrid electric drives. He is chairman of the International

committee on All Electric Combat Vehicles (AECV)and has been a member of

the Society of Automotive Engineers for over twenty years.

Terence Burke received the Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering at Rutgers Univ. in

1993. He joined the U.S. Army TACOM in 1997, and has worked on the

development of SiC power devices and packaging, and systems application of

SiC power devices. He is the CHPS SiC IPT lead. He previously worked in

Pulsed Power at the Army Research Lab. (88-97), in the areas of laser-activated switching devices, high-Tc superconductors, and SiC thyristors. He holds

patents for AlGaAs/GaAs opto-thyristors, laser-activated semiconductor switches, and nano-particle generation. n

CHPS Continued from page 6 F Y I Continued from page 8
C a l e n d a r o f E v e n t s

Upcoming Conferences and Courses

22-26 July 2001

JAWS S3 2001

Seventh Annual Joint Aerospace Weapon System

Support, Sensors & Simulation Symposium and Exhibition

Town & Country Resort & Convention Center

San Diego, CA

For additional information:

http://www.jawswg.hill.af.mil/ 

23-26 July 2001

10th Annual AIAA/BMDO Technology Conference and

Exhibit

Williamsburg Marriott 

Williamsburg, VA 

For additional information:

http://www.aiaa.org/calendar/bmdo01cfp.html 

6-9 August 2001

AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference

The Queen Elizabeth Hotel 

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

For additional information:

http://www.aiaa.org/calendar/GNCC01call.html 

7-9 August 2001

The Millenium Attrition Symposium

Michigan Technological University

For additional information:

Contact Dr. Bruce Fowler

Email:bruce.fowler@rdec.redstone.army.mil 

13-16 August 2001

Small Arms Conference

Little Rock, AR

For additional information:

Email:djenks@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~1610 

14-16 August 2001

4th Annual Testing and Training Symposium

Orlando, FL

For additional information:

Email: pedmonson@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~1070 

21-23 August 2001

Smart Weapons Training Seminar

Huntsville, AL

For additional information:

Call Shirley Hardy at 256.382.4756

Email: shardy@iitri.org

http://wstiac.iitri.org/NewsAndEvents/swcannc.html

29-30 August 2001

3rd Air and Space Protection Conference 

U.S. Air Force Laboratory

Kirtland AFB, NM

For additional information

http://www.aochq.org/

10-13 September 2001

Joint Undersea Warfare Technology Conference

Groton, CT

For additional information:

Email: kwilliams@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~124

11-14 September 2001

ION GPS-2001 Meeting

Salt Palace Convention Center

Salt Lake City, Utah

For additional information:

http://www.ion.org/meetings/gps2001cfa.html 

24-26 September 2001

Combat Vehicles

Ft. Knox, KY

For additional information:

Email: hjmason@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~162 

8-11 October 2001

2001 Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials

Cité Mondiale

Bordeaux, France

For additional information:

Email: imemts@clubmurat.com

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~255 

29 October - 2 November 2001

6th Annual Expeditionary Warfare Conference (EWC)

Bay Point Marriott Resort and Conference Center

Panama City FL

For additional information:

Email: adekleine@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~270 

26-29 November 2001

Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation

and Education Conference I/ITSEC

Orange County Convention Center

Orlando FL

For additional information:

Email: bmcdaniel@ndia.org

http://register.ndia.org/interview/register.ndia?~Brochure~225

WSTIAC Newsletter 3rd Quarter 2001
12

215 Wynn Drive, Suite 101

Huntsville, AL 35805

1901 N. Beauregard Street, Suite 400

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Inside this issue...

CHPS COMBAT HYBRID POWER SYSTEM

Director’s Corner

FYI

News

Smart Weapons Training Seminar

Calendar of Events

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