Appendix 7 Acute Impacts Refined Analysis FiguresRefined Acute Modeling Approach

Initial acute screening risk calculation s were performed with the HEM-3 model. HEM-3 estimates acute (1-hour) impacts at both polar and census block receptors. It is assumed for this short period of time that an exposed individual coul d be located at any off-site location. The lack of readily av ailable detailed property boundary information for many of the facilities evaluated made it difficult to determine whether receptors were

on- or off-site. In the absence of such info rmation, the first ring of polar receptors was placed 100 meters from the plant center for ma ny facilities. However, these polar rings

often transected on-site locati ons, restricting public access to exposures at these levels and thereby overestimating exposures.

The screening approach used by HEM-3 to estimate maximum 1-hour exposures also likely overestimates. To estimate ma ximum 1-hour concentrati ons at each receptor,

HEM-3 sums the maximum concentrations at tributed to each source, regardless of

whether those maximum concentrations occurr ed during the same hour. In other words, HEM-3 assumes that the maximum impact from each source at each r eceptor occurs at the same time. In actuality, maximum imp acts from different sources may occur at

different times.

This appendix includes the results of refined acute assessments performed for

facilities that exceeded short-term health benchmarks using the HEM-3 approach. The

refinements can address both areas of cons ervatism described above. The simplest refinement is to plot the HE M-3 polar grid results on aerial photographs of the facilities;

This allows the assessment of off-site loca tions that may be accessible to the public ( e.g., roadways and public buildings.). In cases wh ere this refinement results in lower acute

risks no further refinement was conducted. However, if acute risk sti ll remain at or near

levels of concern a further refinement is conducted. This second refinement includes remodeling with the AERMOD model directly (instead of using HEM) to estimate maximum 1-hour concentrations at each recepto r by pairing individual source impacts in time and space. The AERMOD results are then plotted on aerial photographs as noted above to determine off-site impacts. Modeling with AERMOD also allows the estimation of the frequency of higher impacts at or above the health levels of concern. The attached figures present the estimated hazard quotient values (the modeled 1-hour concentration of a pollutant divided by its sh ort-term health benchmark) at the polar receptors near the facilities. Each set of figures is pref aced with a description of the maximum off-site hazard quotient value and wh ere that value occurs. Refer to below for a brief summary;• NEI1863; Acute Risk Screening HQ was e qual to 11 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery i ndicated the off-site HQ was equal to or less than 10.

• NEI31329; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 14 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 7.

• NEI11076; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 12 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was equal to or less than 6.

• NEI8889; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 6 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an off-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery validat ed the screening model run.

• NEICA0732693 Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 16 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on- site receptor, a revi ew of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was equal to or less than 5.

• NEICA0732848 Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 16 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on- site receptor, a revi ew of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 5.

• NEI34094; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 6 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted valu es with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was equal

to 2 or less than 4.

• NEI21266; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 10 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on- site receptor, a revi ew of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 3.

• NEI54347; Acute Risk Screening HQ was e qual to 3 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted valu es with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was equal

to 3 or less.

• NEI11081; Acute Risk Screening HQ was e qual to 3 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an off-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery validat ed the screening model run.

• NEICA0732631; Acute Risk Screening HQ was equal to 3 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on- site receptor, a revi ew of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 3.

• NEIIN0370005; Acute Risk Screening HQ was equal to 3 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wr ong lat/long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 2.

• NEIAL0270004; Acute Risk Screening HQ was equal to 3 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wr ong lat/long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal to 2.

• NEI12341; Acute Risk Screening HQ was e qual to 2 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, areview of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 2 .

• NEI46017; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 2 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 2 .

• NEIAL1210030; Acute Risk Screening HQ was equal to 2 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an off-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery va lidated the screening model run.

• NEI11131; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 2 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an off-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery validat ed the screening model run.

• NEIIN0530003; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 2 for toluene, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 2 .

• NEI21375; Acute Risk Screening HQ was e qual to 2 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 1.

• NEI8557; MIR site with acute Risk Sc reening HQ equal to 25 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wr ong lat/long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 1 .

• NEI47004; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 6 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 2.

• NEI21266; Acute Risk Screening HQ wa s equal to 4 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon an on-site receptor, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the o ff-site HQ was equal to or less than 1.

• NEI32147; Acute Risk Screening HQ equal to 3 for formaldehyde, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 1 .

• NEI21689; Acute Risk Screening HQ equa l to 2 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 1 .

• NEI870; Acute Risk Screening HQ equa l to 2 for propyl cellosolve, initial screening value was based upon wrong lat /long coordinates for polar grid, a review of the plotted values with site imagery indicated the off-site HQ was less than or equal 1 .Wood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 1 – NEI1863; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for propyl cellosolve of 10; west of facility•Figure 2 – NEI31329 formaldehyde acute HQ(REL)less than or equal to 7, south of the facility•Figure 3 – NEI11076; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 6 to the north of facility•Figure 4 – NEI8889; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 6 to the north of facilityWood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 5 – NEICA0732693; maximum offsiteacute HQ(REL)for propyl cellosolve of 5 to thenorth of facility•Figure 6 – NEICA0732848; maximum offsiteacute HQ(REL)for propyl cellosolve less than orequal to 5, north of the facility•Figure 7– NEI34094; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to 4; north of facility•Figure 8 – NEI21266; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for propyl cellosolve of 3 to the north offacilityWood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 9 – NEI54347; maximum offsite acute HQ(REL)propylcellosolve less than or equal to 3, south of the facility•Figure 10– NEI11081; maximum offsite acute HQ(REL)forpropyl cellosolve of 3 to the north of the facility•Figure 11– NEICA0732631; maximum offsite acute HQ(REL)for propyl cellosolve of 3; northeast of facility•Figure 12– NEIIN0370005; maximum offsite acute HQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to the east of facility•Figure 13 – NEIAL0270004; maximum offsite acute HQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to the east of facilityWood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 14 – NEI12341; maximum offsite HQ(REL)propyl cellosolve acute less than or equal to 2,south of the facility•Figure 15– NEI46017; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to the west of thefacility•Figure 16– NEIAL1210030; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2; north of facility•Figure 17 – NEI11131; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to the south of facility•Figure 18 – NEIIN0530003; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for toluene of 2 to the south of facilityWood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 19 – NEI21375; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)propyl cellosolve less than or equal to 1,south of the facility•Figure 20 – MIR site, NEI8557; maximum offsiteacute HQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 1 to the west ofthe facility•Figure 21– NEI47004; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 2 to the north of facility•Figure 22 – NEI21266; maximum offsite acuteHQ(REL)for formaldehyde of 1 to the south of facilityWood Furniture Manufacture Facilities:(Refined Acute Risk Assessment)•Figure 23 – NEI21689; maximum offsiteHQ(REL)propyl cellosolve less than equal to 1•Figure 24 – NEI870; maximum offsite HQ(REL)propyl cellosolve less than equal to 1•Figure 25 – NEI32147; maximum offsiteHQ(REL)formaldehyde less than equal to 1Figure 1 – NEI1863 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 2 – NEI31329 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 3 – NEI11076 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 4 – NEI8889 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 5– NEICA0732693 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 6 – NEICA0732848 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 7 – NEI34094 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 260m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (North of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 8 – NEI21266 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 9 – NEI54347 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 160m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 to 3 (Southwest of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 10 – NEI11081 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 11 – NEICA0732631 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Figure 12 – NEIIN0370005 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 160m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (North of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 13 – NEIIAL0270004 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 160m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (North of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 14 – NEI12341 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 160m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (South of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 15 – NEI46017 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 100m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (West of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 16 – NEIAL1210030 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 17 – NEI11131 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 18 – NEIIN0530003 Acute Toluene HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 100m adjusted polar ring(red) shows new HQ of 2 (South of facility) utilizing screen model runFigure 19 – NEI21375 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 100m adjusted polar ring(white) shows HQ≤1 utilizing screen model runFigure 20 – NEI8557 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 20 – NEI8557 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 680m adjusted polar ring(red) shows a HQ≤1 outside the ring utilizing screen model runFigure 21 – NEI47004 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 22 – NEI21266 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Figure 23 – NEI32147 Acute Formaldehyde HQ (REL)Note: Screen modeling done with wrong lat/long; 100m adjusted polar ring(red) shows HQ≤1Figure 24 – NEI21689 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Lat/long corrected to midpoint of plant with this adjusted polar grid shows HQ≤1(red circle) at 100mFigure 25 – NEI870 Acute Propyl Cellosolve HQ (REL)Lat/long corrected to midpoint of plant with adjusted polar grid shows HQ≤1(red circle) at 100m