### Page **1** 

### TITLE PAGE: VOLUME 1 CROP GROUP ING PETITION

– TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT, INEDIBLE PEEL , TECHNICALAMENDMENT (ADD IT ION) TO 40 CFR 180.41 (c) AND 180.1 (g) (Abiu; Aisen; Akee apple; Atemoya; Avocado ; Avocado, Guatemalan; Avocado, Mexican; Avo cado, West Indian; Bacury; Bael fruit; Banana; Banana, dwarf; Binjai; Biriba; Breadfruit; Burmese grape; Canistel; Cat's

- eyes; Champedak; Cherimoya; Cupuacú; Custard apple; Dragon fruit; Durian; Elephant

- apple; Etambe; Granadilla; Granadilla, Giant; Il ama; Ingá, Jackfruit; Karuka; Kei apple; Langsat; Lanjut; Longan; Lucuma; Lychee; Mabolo; Madras

-thorn; Mammy- apple; Manduro; Mango; Mango, horse; Mango, Saipan; Mangosteen; Marang; Marmalade

-box; Matisia; Mesquite; M ongongo; Monkey

-bread

-tree; Monstera; Nicobar

-bre adfruit; Paho; Pandanus; Papaya; Passionflower, Winged

- stem; Passionfruit; Passionfruit, Banana; Passionfruit, Purple; Passionfruit, Yellow; Pawpaw; Pawpaw, Small

- flower; Pelipisan; Pequi; Pe quia; Persimmon, American; Pineapple; Pitahaya; Pitaya; Pitaya Amarilla; Pitaya Roja; Pitaya, Yellow; Plantain; Pomegranate; Poshte; Prickly pear; Prickly pear, Texas; Pulasan; Quandong; Rambutan; Saguaro; Sapodilla; Sapote, black; Sapote, green; Sapote, mamey; Sapote, white; Sataw; Satinleaf; Screw

-pine; Sierra Leone

-tamarind; Sonco ya; Soursop; Spanish lime; Star apple; Sugar apple; Sun Sapote; Tamarind

- of

-the

- Indies; Velvet Tamarind; Wampi; White star apple; Wild loquat)

AUTHOR S William P. Barney

and Kathry

n Homa INTERREGIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT NO. 4

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY 500 C OLLEGE ROAD EAST , 201W P RI NCETON , NJ 08540
New Jersey

Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. A

- 27200

- 25

- 10 , Supported by State, U.S. Hatch Act and other U.S. Department of Agriculture funds.

### Page **2** TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
TITLE PAGE: VOLUME 1

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 2 TECHNICAL AMENDMENT (ADDITION):

................................ ................................ ................ 3 

### PROPOSED AMENDMENT

................................ ................................ ......................... 3 BACKGROUND

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 6 CULTURAL INFORMATION

................................ ................................ ...................... 6 PEST PROBLEMS

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 6 PROPOSED CROP GROUP

................................ ................................ .......................... 7 PROPOSED SUBGROUPS AND REPRESENTATIVE CROPS

............................... 10 CROP DEFINITIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 12 SUGGESTED INTERIM TOLERANCE EXPRESSIONS

................................ ......... 13 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Inedible Peel

.... 16 Table 2. Tropical Fruit and Subtropical Fruits, Inedible Peel Production in 2008

...... 27 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons, Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Inedible Peel

.... 28 ATTACHMENT 1. EXCEL SPREADSHEETS FOR SORTING SUBGROUPS

........................ 36 ATTACHMENT 2. SYMPOSIUM PROPOSAL

................................ ................................ .......... 78 ATTACHMENT 3. REFERENCES

................................ ................................ ............................. 90

VOLUME 2. COMMODITY MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 3. REFERENCES VOLUME 4. REFERENCES

### Page **3** TECHNICAL AMENDMENT (ADDITION) :

40 CFR 180.41 (c) IR
-4 Project and the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) propose an amendment (addition) to 40 CFR 180.41 (c) , adding a new crop group
– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Inedible Peel

. **PROPOSED AMENDMENT** 1

. Add a new crop group in 40 CFR 180.41 (c) as “Tropical and Subtropical Fruits , Ine dibl e Peel”

. 2. Add the following 104 commodities in this new crop group: 1. Abiu, Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk, (Sapotaceae) 2. Aisen, Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam., (Capparaceae (also placed in Brassicaceae)) 3. Akee apple, Blighia sapida K. D. Koenig, (Sapindaceae) 4. Atemoya, Annona cherimola Mill. X A. squamosa L., (Annonaceae) 5. Avocado, Persea americana Mill., (Lauraceae) 6. Avocado, Guatemalan, Persea americana Mill. var. guatemalensis , (Lauraceae) 7. Avocado, Mexican, Persea americana Mill . var. drymifolia (Schltdl. & Cham.) S. F. Blake, (Lauraceae) 8. Avocado, West Indian, Persea americana var. americana , (Lauraceae) 9. Bacury, Platonia insignis Mart., (Clusiaceae (alt. Guttiferae)) 10. Bael fruit, Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa, (Rutaceae) 11. Banana, Musa spp. and hybrids, (Musaceae) 12. Banana, dwarf, Musa hybrids; Musa acuminata Colla, (Musaceae) 13. Binjai, Mangifera caesia Jack, (Anacardiaceae) 14. Biriba, Annona mucosa Jacq., (Annonaceae) 15. Breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, (Morac eae) 16. Burmese grape, Baccaurea ramiflora Lour., (Phyllanthaceae (also placed in Euphorbiaceae)) 17. Canistel, Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni, (Sapotaceae) 18. Cat's

- eyes, Dimocarpus longan Lour. subsp. malesianus Leenh., (Sapindaceae) 19. Champedak, Artocar pus integer (Thunb.) Merr., (Moraceae) 20. Cherimoya, Annona cherimola Mill., (Annonaceae) 21. Cupuacú, Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum., (Malvaceae (also placed in Sterculiaceae)) 22. Custard apple, Annona reticulata L., (Annonaceae) 23. Dragon fruit, Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose, (Cactaceae) 24. Durian, Durio zibethinus L., (Malvaceae (also placed in Bombacaceae, Durionaceae)) 25. Elephant

- apple, Limonia acidissima L., (Rutaceae) 26. Etambe, Mangifera zeylanica (Blume) Hook. F., (Anacardiaceae) 27. Granadilla, Passiflora ligularis Juss., (Passifloraceae) 28. Granadilla, Giant, Passiflora quadrangularis L., (Passifloraceae) 29. Il ama, Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm., (Annonaceae) 30. Ingá , Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T. D. Penn., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae) (also placed in Mimosaceae))

### Page **4**

31. Jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., (Moraceae) 32. Jatobá, Hymenaea courbaril L., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae)) 33. Karuka, Pandanus julianettii Martelli, (Pandanac eae) 34. Kei apple, Dovyalis caffra (Hook. F. & Harv.) Warb., (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 35. Langsat, Lansium domesticum Corrêa, (Meliaceae) 36. Lanjut, Mangifera lagenifera Griff., (Anacardiaceae) 37. Longan, Dimocarpus longan Lour., (Sapindaceae) 38. Lucuma, Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, (Sapotaceae) 39. Lychee, Litchi chinensis Sonn., (Sapindaceae) 40. Mabolo, Diospyros blancoi A. DC., (Ebenaceae) 41. Madras

-thorn, Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae); (also placed in Mimosaceae)) 42. Mammy
- apple, Mammea americana L. Clusiaceae (alt. Guttiferae)) 43. Manduro, Balanites maughamii Sprague, (Zygophyllaceae (also placed in Balanitaceae)) 44. Mango, Mangifera indica L., (Anacardiaceae) 45. Mango, horse, Mangifera foetida Lour., (Anacardiaceae) 46. Mango, Saipan, Mangifera odorata Griff., (Anacardiaceae) 47. Mangosteen, Garcinia mangostana L., (Clusiaceae (alt. Guttiferae)) 48. Marang, Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco, (Moraceae) 49. Marmalade

-box, Genipa americana L., (Rubiaceae) 50. Matisia, Matisia cordata Humb. & Bonpl., (Malvaceae (also placed in Bombacaceae)) 51. Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae); (also placed in Mimosaceae)) 52. Mongongo, Schinziophyton rautanenii (Schinz) Radcl.

- Sm, (Euphorbiaceae) 53. Monkey

-bread

-tree, Adansonia digitata L., (Malvaceae (also placed in Bombacaceae)) 54. Monstera, Monstera deliciosa Liebm., (Araceae) 55. Nicobar

-breadfruit, Pandanus leram Jones ex Fontana, (Pandanaceae) 56. Paho, Mangifera altissima Blanco, (Anacardiaceae) 57. Pandanus, Pandanus utilis Bory, (Pandanaceae) 58. Papaya, Carica papaya L., (Caricaceae) 59. Passionflower, Winged

- stem, Passiflora alata Curtis, (Passifloraceae) 60. Passionfruit, Passiflora edulis Sims, (Passifloraceae) 61. Passionfruit, Banana, Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm

-Niels. & P. Jorg., (Passifloraceae) 62. Passionfruit, Purple, Passiflora edulis Sims forma edulis , (Passifloraceae) 63. Passionfruit, Yellow, Passiflora edulis Sims forma flavicarpa O. Deg., (Passifloraceae) 64. Pawpaw, Asimina trilo ba (L.) Dunal, (Annonaceae) 65. Pawpaw, Small

- flower, Asimina parviflora (Michx.) Dunal, (Annonaceae) 66. Pelipisan, Mangifera casturi Kosterm., (Anacardiaceae) 67. Pequi, Caryocar brasiliense Cambess, (Caryocaraceae) 68. Pequia, Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers., (Caryocaraceae)

### Page **5**

69. Persimmon, American, Diospyros virginiana L., (Ebenaceae) 70. Pineapple, Ananas comosus (L.) Merr., (Bromeliaceae) 71. Pitahaya, Hylocereus polyrhizus , (Cactaceae) 72. Pitaya, Hylocereus sp. Including H. megalanthus , H. ocamponis and H. polychizus , (Cactaceae) 73. Pitaya Amarilla, Hylocereus triangularis , (Cactaceae) 74. Pitaya Roja, Hylocereus ocamponis , (Cactaceae) 75. Pitaya, Yellow, Hylocereus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Ralf Bauer, (Cactaceae) 76. Plantain, Musa x paradisiaca L. (Musaceae) 77. Pome granate, Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae (also placed in Punicaceae)) 78. Poshte, Annona liebmanniana Baill. (Annonaceae) 79. Prickly pear, Opuntia ficus

- indica (L.) Mill. (Cactaceae) 80. Prickly pear, Texas, Opuntia engelmannii Salm

-Dyck ex Engelm. var. lindh eimeri (Engelm.) B. D. Parfitt & Pinkava, (Cactaceae) 81. Pulasan, Nephelium ramboutan

-ake (Labill.) Leenh., (Sapindaceae) 82. Quandong, Santalum acuminatum (R. Br.) DC., (Santalaceae) 83. Rambutan, Nephelium lappaceum L., (Sapindaceae) 84. Saguaro, Carnegiea gigantea (Engelm.) Britton & Rose, (Cactaceae) 85. Sapodilla, Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen, (Sapotaceae) 86. Sapote, black, Diospyros digyna Jacq., (Ebenaceae) 87. Sapote, green, Pouteria viridis (Pittier) Cronquist, (Sapotaceae) 88. Sapote, mamey, Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn, (Sapotaceae) 89. Sapote, white, Casimiroa edulis La Llave & Lex, (Rutaceae) 90. Sataw, Parkia speciosa Hassk., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae); also placed in Mimosaceae) 91. Satinleaf, Chrysophyllum oliviforme L., (Sapotaceae) 92. Screw

-pine, Pandanus tectorius Parkinson, (Pandanaceae) 93. Sierra Leone

-tamarind, Dialium guineense Willd., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae)) 94. Soncoya, Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal, (Annonaceae) 95. Soursop, Annona muricata L. , (Annonaceae) 96. Spanish lime, Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq., (Sapindaceae) 97. Star apple, Chrysophyllum cainito L., (Sapotaceae) 98. Sugar apple, Annona squamosa L., (Annonaceae) 99. Sun Sapote, Licania platypus (Hemsl.) Fritsch, (Chrysobalanaceae) 100. Tamarind

- of

-the

- Indies, Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmel., (Rubiaceae) 101. Velvet Tamarind, Dialium indum L., (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae)) 102. Wampi, Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, (Rutaceae) 103. White star apple, Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don, (Sapotaceae) 104. Wild loquat, Uapaca kirkiana Müll. Arg., (Phyllanthaceae; (also placed in Euphorbiaceae, Uapacaceae))

### Page **6**

**BACKGROUND** 

### A tropical fruit is a fruit produced b y a tree, shrub or vine native to the tropics. The tropics are generally defined as the region of the globe between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. The environment of the tropics is warm to hot and humid ye ar round, creating a unique habitat that results in trees, shrubs, and vines that grow nowhere else in the world. The sub

-tropics are geographically located immediately north and south of the tropical zone and have climates much milder than temperate, northern zones. Some tropical fruits are well known throughout the world and have been consumed for centuri es. Some of these fruits include bananas, pomegranates, mangoes, papaya, avocados, pineapple, guavas, passionfruit and dates. Many of these fruits are available in markets year-round from a steady supply of fruit produced in the tropics and sub

-tropics. Other tropical fruit are less well known, but are popular in specific countries or regions of the world. Other previously less well known fruit have recently become popular in the US. For example açaí fruit is now a popular health drink.
**CULTURAL IN FORMATION**  

### The majority

of tropical fruits develop on trees or shrubs , while a small portion of tropical fruits grow on vines on trellises (for example, dragonfruit)

. Since tropical and subtropical fruits are grown in similar climates, these crops have similar production methods. The monographs in Volume 2 of this submission include cultivation details for each o f the proposed tropical and subtropical crops.
**PEST PROBLEMS** 

### Environmental conditions in the tropics and sub

-tropics are favorable for a wide range of weed, insect and plant diseases on a ye ar-round basis. These diverse insects , weeds and pathogens often need to be controlled by herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. A crop group regulation would facilitate the establishment of pesticide tolerances on numerous pesticides that are needed to control a wide diversity of plant pests.

### Page **7**

**PROPOSED CROP GROUP**  

### The Tropical and subtropical fruit, inedible peel proposal was initiated at the USDA/IR
-4 Crop Grouping S ymposium in Washington, DC, October 2 002 (see Attachment 2 for S ymposium proposal). This workgroup was Chaired by Michael Braverman (IR

-4) and Co

- Chaired b y Jonathan Crane (University of Florida), Nancy Dodd (EPA), Will Donovan (EPA), Edith Lurvey (IR
-4) and Maria Rodriguez (EPA). This new crop group was further discussed and developed within the Tropical Fruit, Ine dible Peel Workgroup of the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC), which consisted of 62 U.S. crop or regulatory experts from agriculture commodity

groups, universities, agrichemical industry, IR
-4 Project, USDA, and EPA, and also 33 international crop or regulatory experts representing over 30 countries. The Workgroup discussed and validated each of the proposed commodities. Kathry n Homa (author, IR

-4) then up dated and developed commodity monographs (Volume 2 of this submission) as supporting data. A list of references is provided at the end of the monographs. C opies of partial referenc es are included as Volumes 3 and 4??? of this submission. An important aspect of developing this new crop group was the harmonization with the Codex Crop Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. The Codex classification s ystem is currently under revision with many proposed tropical fruit additions. The IR
-4/EPA Crop Grouping Working Group and the ICGCC are making every effort to collaborate with the revision of the Codex crop classification. In the current Codex Crop Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds, assorted tropical and sub

tropical fruits

– inedible peel are included in Group 00 6 which is classified in Ty pe 01 Fruits. The IR

-4/ICGCC submission will be forwarded to the Codex Electronic Working Group for the revision of the Codex Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. This submission includes many of the recently proposed additions of tropical fruits, inedible peel to the Codex classification. The inclusion of tropical fruits with inedible peels will ultimately

benefit US growers in exporting commodities that would have Codex MRL S established based on a harmoniz ed tropical and subtropical fruits, inedible peel crop group. Four proposed tropical fruits with an inedible peel from the palm family ( (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) were rejected from consideration from the inedible peel crop group either because none of the commodities met the criteria for a representative commodity or there was no production in the US . These rejected tropical fruits include: (1) Guriri (

Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) Kuntze); (2) Muriti ( Mauritia flexuosa L. f.); (3) Palmy ra palm ( Borassus flabellifer L. ) and (4) Salak (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss). Crop monographs were written, but these commodities are proposed to remain as miscellaneous commodities.

### Page **8** 

### Some proposed tropical fruits with an inedible peel (ceibillo, Florida goos eberry, marolo, pindaiba, tucum palm and umari) were also rejected from consideration from the crop group either because there was not enough information available to properly classify them into crop groups and subgroups or they are rarely cultivated. Table 1 (To lerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Inedible Peel, pages 1 5

-2 5 of this volume) shows the existing US, Codex and EU tolerances for Tropical and Subtropical fruits with an inedible peel. The majority of these tolerances are US and EU to lerances and it should be noted that over 80% of the US tolerances are tolerances for those commodities which are included in the inedible peel crop definitions as follows: **General commodity**  **Specific Commodities Included in Definition**  **Comments**
Sugar Apple sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya,

custard apple ilama, soursop, biriba All crops in the Annonaceae ; similar gross mo rphology; inedible peel Lychee lychee, longan, Spanish lime,

rambutan, pulasan All crops in the Sapindaceae ; inedible peel

Pa paya papaya, star apple, black sapote,

ma ngo, sapodilla, canistel, ma mey sapote All crops have inedible peel; corresponds to Codex classification

Avocado avocado, papaya, star apple,

black sapote, mango, sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote All crops ha ve inedible peel; corresponds

to Codex classification Banana Banana, plantain 

### Table 2 (Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Ine dible Peel Production in 2008, page 2 6 of this volume) shows the production (2008) of Tropical and Subtropical fruits, inedibl e peel from the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) website. Production of the majority of these crops occurs predominantly in tropical regions rather than in the US. Table 3 (Crop Group Comparisons

– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Ine dible Peel , pages 2 8

- 3 5 of this volume) shows a comparison of the classification of tropical fruits from the Codex Classification with both the proposed US grouping and the EU crop regulation. Most of the proposed additions to the Codex Classi fication have been included in the proposed new US crop group.

### Page **9** 

### The new Tropical and Subtropical fruits , inedible peel , crop group consists of a diverse group of plants from many plant families. Within this group, f ruit size range s from an approximate di ameter of 1 centimeter (fruit of satinleaf , Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. ) to 50 centimeters ( fruit of jackfruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. ). In addition to size, the peel texture of tropical and subtropical fruit varies from a smooth peel (banana, Musa spp. ; mango, Mangifera indica L. ; papaya, Carica papaya L. and pomegranate, Punica granatum L. ) to a knobby , (atemoya, Annona cherimola Mill. X A. squamosa L. ) , bumpy (breadfruit , Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) or spiny (rambutan, Nephelium lappa ceum L
. ) peel. Many publications have documented the relationship between surface area and mass of a commodity and pesticide residues (Maclachlan, D.J. and D. Hamilton, 2010; Ripley, B.D., G.M. Ritcey, R. Harris, M.A. Denomme, L . Lissemore, 2003; Matsumura, F., G.M. Boush, T. Misato, eds., 1972; Schneider, B., 2002). In general, the smaller the object, the larger the ratio o f surface area to weight . For example , pesticide deposits on grapes can be expected to be about 3X the pesticide deposit on appl es due to the higher surface area per unit weight (Bates, 1990). Chili peppers are also often cited as an example. Because of their size, they normally have a higher residue than sweet peppers (with the same GAP) and are likely to drive a tolerance or MRL for peppers. There is also indication that surface area/mass ratio plays a more important role on pesticide deposits than pubescence/serration present on surfaces (Sundaram, 1991). Because of this commodities in the proposed new crop group were first s orted b y size and then b y peel texture. To classify tropi cal and subtropical fruits into groups (edible versus inedible peel) and subgroups, Excel spreadsheets ( for example s see Attachment 1) were developed to be able to sort commodities with common characteristics . These spreadsheets include information regarding the common name, scientific name, taxonomic family name, production in the US, fruit shape, maximum radius (cm) and maximum height (cm) from the literature , calculated volume, calculated surface area, surface area to mass (volume) ratio, texture description and peel texture (see Attachment 1). These spreadsheets allowed the sorting of commodities into small versus medium to large fruit and also smooth peel versus a rough or hairy peel. Fruit that were described in the literature as small fruit generally had a surface area/mass (volume) ratio of >1.5:1; so this criteria was used to separate small versus medium to large f ruit (surface area/mass (volume) ratio of ≤1.5:1). S orting the spreadsheets based on both fruit size (surface area/mass (volume) ratio) and also peel texture resulted in subgroups that were supported b y appropriate representative commodities. In addition, subgroups were developed for unique groups of plants (cactus and vines). The proposed tropical and subtropical fruits , inedible peel crop group is shown on page 11

.

### Page **10** 

### Based on the above background and the input from the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC), IR

-4 and the ICGCC propose that the tropical and subtropical Fruits, Ine dible Peel crop group be established as a new crop group. Five subgroups are proposed: (1) Subgroup 2 2A. Tropical and Subtropical, Small Fruit, Ine dible P eel Subgroup ; (2) Subgroup 2 2 B. Tropical and Subtropical, Medium to Large Fruits, Smooth, Inedible Peel Subgroup; (3) Subgroup 21C. Tropical and Subtropical , Medium to Large Fruit, Rough or Hairy, Inedible Peel Subgroup; (4) Subgroup 21D. Tropical and Subtropical, Inedible Peel, Cactus Subgroup and (5) Subgroup 21E. Tropical and Subtropical, Inedible Peel, Vine Subgroup. Selection of representative commodities should be based on a representative commodity

that is most likely

to (1) contain the highest residues; (2) be major in terms of production and/or consumption and (3) similar in morphology, growth habit, pest problems and edible portion to the related commodities within a group or subgroup. Based on these criteria, one representative commodity is proposed (lychee) for Subgroup 2 2A; two representative commodities ( avocado and pomegrante) are proposed for Subgroup 2 2 B ; two representative commodities (atemoya and pineapple) are proposed for Subgroup 2 2 C ; two representative commodities (dragon fruit and prickly pear) are proposed for Subgroup 22D and one representative commodity (passionfruit) is proposed for Subgroup 22E . A crop group regulation would benefit growers and consumers, save considerable taxpayer’s money on residue studies, save time for government agencies on review of residue data and facilitate the establishment of import tolerances. **PROPOSED SUBGROUPS AND REPRESENTATIVE CROPS**  **Subgroup 22A.** 

### Tropical and Subt**ropical, Small Fruit, Inedible Peel**

**Subgroup** Proposed Representative Crop : 

### Lychee **Subgroup 22B.** 

### Tropical and Subt**ropical, Medium to Large Fruit, Smooth,**

**Inedible Peel Subgroup** Proposed Representative Crops : 

### Avocado and **Po megranate**  **Subgroup 22C.** 

### Tropical and Subt**ropical, Medium to Large Fruit, Rough**

**or Hairy, Inedible Peel S ubgroup**  Proposed Representative Crop : 

### Atemoya **and Pineapple Subgroup 22D.**  

### Tropical and Subt**ropical, Inedible Peel, Cactus Subgroup**

Proposed Representative Crop : 

### Dragon fruit and **Prickly pear Subgroup 22E.**  

### Tropical and Subt**ropical, Inedible Peel, Vi ne Subgroup** 

Proposed Representative Crop : 

### Passionfruit

### Page **11** 

## Proposed Crop Subgroups: **Crop Group / Subgroup**  **Potential Rep.**  **Commodities Proposed Commodities**  **22A. Tropical and**  **Subt ropical** **, Small**  **Fruit ,**  **Inedible Peel Subgroup**  Lychee Aisen; Bael fruit; Burmese grape; Cat’s eyes; Ingá ; Lychee; Madras

-thorn; Manduro; Matisia; Mesquite; Mongongo; Pawpaw, small

- flower; Satinleaf; Sierra Leone

-tamarind; Spanish lime; Velvet tamarind; Wampi; White star apple **22B. Tropical and**  **Subt ropical,**  **Mediu m to**  **Large Fruit , Smooth,**  **Inedible Peel**  **Subgroup** Avocado and Pomegranate Abiu; Akee apple; Avocado; Avocado, Guatemalan; Avocado, Mexican; Avocado, West

Indian; Bacury; Banana; Banana, dwarf; Binjai; Canistel; Cupuacú ; Etambe; Jatob á; Kei app le; Langstat; Lanjut; Lucuma; Mabolo; Mango; Mango, horse; Mango, Saipan; Mangosteen; Paho; Papaya; Pawpaw; Pelipisan; Pequi; Pequia; Persimmon, American; Plantain; Pomegranate; Poshte; Quandong; Sapote, black; Sapote, green; Sapote, white; Sataw ; Screw

-pine; Star apple; Tamarind

- of

-the

- Indies; Wild loquat **22C. Tropical and Subt** **ropical, Medium to**  **Large Fruit , Rough or**  **Hairy ,**  **Inedible Peel**  **Subgroup** Atemoya and Pineapple Atemoya; Biriba; Breadfruit; Champedak; Cherimoya; Custard apple; Durian; Elephant

apple; Ilama; Jackfruit; Karuka; Longan; Mammy

- apple; Marmalade

-box; Marang; Monkey

-bread tree; Nicobar

-breadfruit; Pandanus; Pineapple; Pulasan; Rambutan; Sapodilla; Sapote, mamey; Sonco ya; Soursop; Sugar apple; Sun sapote **22D. Tropical and Subt** **ropical, Inedible**  **Peel, Cactus Subgroup**  Dragon fruit and Prickly pear Dragon fruit; Pitahaya; Pitaya; Pitaya Amarilla; Pitaya Roja; Pitaya, yellow; Prickly

pear; Prickly pear, Texas; Saguaro **22E. Tropical and**  **Subt ropical,**  **Inedible Peel,**  **Vine Subgroup** Passionfruit Granadilla; Granadilla, Giant; Monstera; Passionflower, Winged

- stem; Passionfruit; Passionfruit, banana; Passionfruit, purple; Passionfruit, yellow Small fruit = Surface Area/Mass (Volume) of >1. 5:1. Medium to Large Fruit = Surface Area/Mass (Volume) of ≤ 1.5:1.

### Page **12 CROP DEFINITIONS**  

### The current crop definitions for tropical and subtropical fruit with inedible peel are proposed to be removed because the se commodities will be included in the appropriate subgroups (except that banana is proposed for an expanded crop definition

– see below)

. **General commodity**  **Specific Commodities Included in Definition**  **Comments**
Sugar Apple sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya,

custard apple ilama, soursop, biriba All crops in the Annonaceae ; similar gross mo rphology; inedible peel Lychee lychee, longan, Spanish lime,

rambutan, pulasan All crops in the Sapindaceae ; inedible peel Papaya papaya, star apple, black sapote,

ma ngo, sapodilla, canistel, ma mey sap ote All crops have inedible peel; corresponds to Codex classification

Avocado avocado, papaya, star apple,

black sapote, mango, sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote All crops have inedible peel; corresponds

to Codex classification Banana Banana, plantain


### However, crop definitions are proposed for avocado, passionfruit and banana that include many of the closely related species and varieties. The following are the proposed crop definitions for Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Ine dible Peel:

A B Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Avocado (Persea americana Mill.); Avocado, Guatemalan ( Persea americana Mill. var. guatemalensis ); Avocado, Mexican (Persea americana Mill. var. drymifolia (Schltdl. & Cham.) S. F. Blake); Avocado, West Indian (Persea americana var. americana) Passionfruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) Passionfruit (Passiflora edulis Sims ); Passionfruit, Purple (Passiflora

edulis Sims forma edulis); Passionfruit, Yellow (Passiflora edulis Sims forma flavicarpa O. Deg.) Banana ( Musa spp.) Banana (

Musa spp.); Banana, Dwarf ( Musa hybrids; Musa acuminata Colla); Plantain (

Musa x paradisiaca L. )

### Page **13 SUGGESTED INTERIM TOLERANCE EXPRESSION**  **S** 

### Until the new crop group is published in 40 CFR, the author suggests that the Minor Use Branch of the Registration Division and the ChemSAC, EPA/OPP approve the proposed crop group and establish following interim tolerance expressions to be used in tolerance petitions: Tolerance expression for Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Inedible Peel Crop Group : Commoditie s: Abiu Aisen Akee apple Atemoya Avocado Avocado, Guatemalan Avocado, Mexican Avocado, West Indian Bacury Bael fruit Banana Banana, dwarf Binjai Biriba Breadfruit Burmese grape Canistel Cat's

- eyes Champedak Cherimoya Cupuacú Custard apple Dragon fruit Duri an Elephant

- apple Etambe Granadilla Granadilla, Giant Il ama Ingá Jackfruit Jatobá Karuka Kei apple Langsat

### Page **14** Lanjut Longan Lucuma Lychee Mabolo Madras

-thorn Mammy
- apple Manduro Mango Mango, horse Mango, Saipan Mangosteen Marang Marmalade

-box Matisia Mesquite Mongongo (fruit) Monkey

-bread

-tree Monstera Nicobar

-breadfruit Paho Pandanus Papaya Passionflower, Winged

- stem Passionfruit Passionfruit, Banana Passionfruit, Purple Passionfruit, Yellow Pawpaw Pawpaw, Small

- flower Pelipisan Pequi Pequia Persimmon, Americ an Pineapple Pitahaya Pitaya Pitaya Amarilla Pitaya Roja Pitaya, Yellow Plantain Pomegranate Poshte Prickly pear

### Page **15** Prickly pear, Texas Pulasan Quandong Rambutan Saguaro Sapodilla Sapote, black Sapote, green Sapote, mamey Sapote, white Sataw Satinleaf Screw

-p ine Sierra Leone

-tamarind Soncoya Soursop Spanish lime Star apple Sugar apple Sun Sapote Tamarind

- of

-the

- Indies Velvet Tamarind Wampi White star apple Wild loquat

### Page **16 Table 1.**  **Tolerances Established on Tropical and Subtropical**  **Fruits ,**  **Inedible Peel** (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Atemoya Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Atemoya Bifenazate 1.6

-- -- Atemoya Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Atemoya Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Atemoya Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Atemoya Glyphosate 0.2

-- -- Atemoya Imidacloprid 0.3

-- -- Atemoya Mancozeb 3

-- -- Atemoya Menfenoxam 0.2

-- -- Atemoya Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- -- Atemoya Spiinetoram 0.3

-- -- Atemoya Spinosad 0.3

-- -- Avocado Abamectin 0.02

-- 0.01 Avocado Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Avocado Bifenazate 7
-- 0.01 Avocado Boscalid 1.5

-- 0.05 Avocado Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Avocado Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Avocado Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Avocado Cyprodinil 1.2

-- 0.05 Avocado d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Avocado Fenpropathrin 1

-- 0.01 Avocado Fludioxonil 0.45

-- 0.05 Avocado Fluridone 0.1

-- -- Avocado Fosetyl

-Al 25

-- 50 Avocado Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Avocado Imidacloprid 1

-- 1 Avocado Inorganic bromide 75 75 50 Avocado Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Avocado Metalaxyl 4 0.2 0.05 Avocado Methomyl 2

-- 0.05 Avocado Methoxyfenozide 0.6 0.7 0.02 Avocado Norflurazon 0.2

-- -- Avocado Oryzalin 0.05

-- 0.01 Avocado Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Avocado Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Avocado Permethrin 1

-- 0.05 Avocado Phosphine 0.01

-- 0.05 Avocado Pyraclostrobin 0.6

-- 0.02

### Page **17 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical**  **and Subtropical Fruits**  **, Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 20 10) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Avocado Pyriproxyfen 1

-- 0.05 Avocado Simazine 0.2

-- 0.1 Avocado Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Avocado Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Avocado Spirodiclofen 1

-- 0.02 Banana Azoxystrobin 2 2 2 Banana Buprof ezin 0.2

-- 0.5 Banana Carbaryl 5
-- 0.05 Banana Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.2

-- 0.01 Banana Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Banana Chlorothalonil 0.5 0.01 0.2 Banana Chlorpyrifos 0.1 2 3 Banana d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Banana Diuron 0.1

-- 0.1 Banana Do dine 0.5

-- 0.2 Banana Ethoprop 0.02 0.02 0.02 Banana Fenbuconazole 0.3 0.05 0.05 Banana Fosetyl

-Al 3

-- 2 Banana Glufosinate

- ammonium 0.2 0.2 0.2 Banana Glyphosate 0.2 0.05 0.1 Banana Imazalil 3 2 2 Banana Imidacloprid 0.5 0.05 0.05 Banana Mancozeb 0.5 2 2 Banana Maneb 4 2 2 Banana Myclobutanil 4 2 2 Banana Oxamyl 0.3

-- 0.01 Banana Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Banana Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Banana Phosphine 0.01

-- 0.05 Banana Propiconazole 0.2 0.1 0.1 Banana Pyraclostrobin 0.04 0.0 2 0.02 Banana Pyrimethanil 0.1 0.1 0.1 Banana Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Banana Spinetoram 0.25

-- 0.05 Banana Spinosad 0.25

-- 0.02 Banana Tebuconazole 0.05 0.05 0.05 Banana Terbufos 0.025 0.05 0.05 Banana Thiabendazole 3 5 5 Banana Thiophanate

-methyl 2 0.2 0.1

### Page **18 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical**  **and Subtropical Fruits**  **, Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Cherimoya Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Cherimoya Bifenazate 1.6

-- 0.01 Cherimoya Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Cherimoya Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Cherimoya Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Cherimoya Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Cherimoya Imidacloprid 0.3

-- 0.05 Cherimoya Mancozeb 3

-- 0 .05 Cherimoya Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Cherimoya Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Cherimoya Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Custard Apple Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Bifenazate 1.6

-- 0.01 Custard Apple Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0 .1

-- 0.01 Custard Apple Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Custard Apple Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Custard Apple Imidacloprid 0.3

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Mancozeb 3

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Mefenoxam 0.2

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Custard Apple Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Durian Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Jackfruit Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Jackfruit Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Longan Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Longan Bifenazate 5
-- -- Longan Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Longan Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Longan Cyprodinil 2

-- -- Longan Fludioxonil 1

-- -- Longan Glyphosate 0.2

-- -- Longan Imidacloprid 3

-- -- Longan Methoxyfenozide 2

-- -- Longan Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Longan Spinosad 0.3

-- --

### Page **19 Table 1. Tolerances**  **Established on Tropical and Subtropical**  **Fruits ,**  **Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Lychee Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.0 5 Lychee Bifenazate 5
-- 0.01 Lychee Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Lychee Carfentazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Lychee Chlorantraniliprole 2

-- 0.01 Lychee Chlorothalonil 15

-- 0.01 Lychee Cyprodinil 2

-- 0.05 Lychee Fludioxonil 1

-- 0.05 Lychee Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Lychee Imidacloprid 3

- - 0.05 Lychee Methoxyfenozide 2

-- 0.02 Lychee Pyriproxyfen 0.3

-- 0.05 Lychee Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Lychee Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Lychee Tebuconazole 1.6

-- 0.05 Mango Azoxystrobin 2 0.7 0.7 Mango Bifenazate 7
-- 0.01 Mango Boscalid 1.5

-- 0.05 Mango Buprofezin 0.9 0.1 0.1 Mango Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Mango Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Mango Chlorothalonil 1

-- 0.01 Mango Cyprodinil 1.2

-- 0.05 Mango d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Mango Fenpropathrin 1

-- 0.01 Mango Fludioxonil 0.45

-- 0.05 Mango Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Mango Imidacloprid 1 0.2 0.2 Mango Inorganic bromide 20 20 50 Mango Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Mango Mancozeb 15 2 2 Mango Mefenoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Mango Methidathion 0.05

-- 0.02 Mango Methoxyfenozide 0.6

-- 0.02 Mango Mycl obutanil 3

-- 0.02 Mango Phosphine 0.01

-- 0.05 Mango Piperonly Butoxide 8

-- -- Mango Pyraclostrobin 0.6 0.05 0.05 Mango Pyrethrins 1

-- 1

### Page **20 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical**  **and Subtropical Fruits**  **, Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Mango Pyridaben 0.1

-- 0.5 Mango Pyriproxyfen 1

-- 0.05 Mango Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Mango Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Mango Spirodiclofen 1

-- 0.02 Mango Tebuconazole 0.15

-- 0.1 Mango Thiabendazole 10 5 5 Mango Thiamethoxam 0.4

-- 0.5 Mango Trifloxystrobin 0.7

-- 0.5 Mango Triflumizole 2.5

-- 0.1 Mangosteen Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Papaya Azoxystrobin 2 0.3 0.3 Papaya Bifenazate 7
-- 0.01 Papaya B oscalid 1.5

-- 0.05 Papaya Buprofezin 0.9

-- 0.05 Papaya Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Papaya Chlorantraniliprole 2

-- 0.01 Papaya Chlorothalonil 15

-- 20 Papaya Cyprodinil 1.2

-- 0.05 Papaya d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Papaya Diuron 0.5

-- 0.1 Pap aya Fenbutatin

- oxide 2

-- 0.05 Papaya Fenpropathrin 1

-- 0.01 Papaya Fludioxonil 0.45

-- 0.05 Papaya Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Papaya Imidacloprid 1

-- 0.05 Papaya Inorganic bromide 20 20 50 Papaya Malathion 1

-- 0.02 Papaya Mancozeb 10 5 7 Papaya Maneb 10 5 7 Papaya Mefenoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Papaya Methoxyfenozide 0.6 1 0.02 Papaya Myclobutanil 3

-- 0.02 Papaya Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Papaya Phosphine 0.01

-- 0.05 Papaya Pyraclostrobin 0.6 0.05 0.05 Papaya Pyridaben 0.1

-- 0.5 Papaya Pyriproxyfen 1

-- 0.05 Papaya Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Papaya Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.5

### Page **21 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (p pm)**  **Codex (ppm) EU (ppm)**  Papaya Spirodiclofen 1 0.03 0.02 Papaya Thiabendazole 5 10 10 Papaya Thiamethoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Papaya Trifloxystrobin 0.7

-- 1 Papaya Triflumizole 2.5

-- 0.1 Pawpaw Azoxystrobin 2 0.3

-- Pawpaw Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Pawpaw Cyprodinil 2

-- -- Pawpaw d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- -- Pawpaw Fluazifop 0.05

-- -- Pawpaw Fluridone 0.1

-- -- Pawpaw Glyphosate 0.2

-- -- Pawpaw Pyriproxyfen 1

-- -- Pineapple Ametryn 0.05

-- -- Pineapple Bromacil 0.1

-- -- Pineapple Carbaryl 2

-- 0.05 Pineapple Chlorantraniliprole 1.5

-- 0.01 Pineapple d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Pineapple Diazinon 0.5 0.1 0.3 Pineapple Diuron 0.1

-- 0.1 Pineapple Endosulfan 1

-- 0.05 Pineapple EPTC 0.1

-- 0.05 Pineapple Ethephon 2 2 2 Pineapple Ethoprop 0.02

-- 0.02 Pineapple Fosetyl

-Al 0.1

-- 50 Pineapple Glyphosate 0.1

-- 0.1 Pineapple Hexazinone 0.6

-- -- Pineapple Hydramethylnon 0.05

-- -- Pineapple Inorganic bromide 20 20 50 Pineapple Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Pineapple Metalaxyl 0.1

-- 0.05 Pineapple O

-phenylphenol 10

-- -- Pineapple Oxamyl 1

-- 0.01 Pineapple Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Pineapple Piperonyl Butoxide 8

-- -- Pineapple Propiconazole 4.5 0.02 0.05 Pineapple Pyrethrins 1

-- 1 Pineapple Pyriproxyfen 0.3

-- 0.05 Pineapple Spinetoram 0.04

-- 0.05 Pineapple Spinosad 0.02

-- 0.02

### Page **22 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (p pm)**  Pineapple Triadimefon 2 5 3 Pineapple Triflumizole 4

-- 0.1 Plantain Azoxystrobin 2

-- 2 Plantain Buprofezin 0.2

-- 0.5 Plantain Carbaryl 5
-- 0.05 Plantain Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.2

-- 0.01 Plantain Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Plantain Chlorothalonil 0.5

-- 0.2 Plantain Chlorpyrifos 0.1

-- 3 Plantain d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Plantain Diuron 0.1

-- 0.1 Plantain Dodine 0.5

-- 0.2 Plantain Ethoprop 0.02

-- 0.02 Plantain Fenbuconazole 0.3

-- 0.05 Plantain Fosetyl

-Al 3

-- 2 Plantain Glufosinate
- ammonium 0.2 0.05 0.2 Plantain Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Plantain Imazalil 3

-- 2 Plantain Imidacloprid 0.5

-- 0.05 Plantain Mancozeb 0.5

-- 2 Plantain Maneb 4

-- 2 Plantain Myclobutanil 4

-- 2 Plantain Oxamyl 0.3

-- 0.01 Plantain Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Plantain Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Plantain Phosphine 0.01

-- 0.05 Plantain Propiconazole 0.2

-- 0.1 Plantain Pyraclostrobin 0.04

-- 0.02 Plantain Pyrimethanil 0.1

-- 0.1 Plantain Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Plantain Spinetoram 0.25

- - 0.05 Plantain Spinosad 0.25

-- 0.02 Plantain Tebuconazole 0.05

-- 0.05 Plantain Terbufos 0.025

-- 0.05 Plantain Thiabendazole 3

-- 5 Plantain Thiophanate

-methyl 2

-- 0.1

### Page **23 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continue**  **d)** (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Pomegranate Buprofezin 1.9

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Pomegranate Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Pomegranate Clothianidin 0.2

-- 0.02 Pomegranate Fenhexamid 2

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Fludioxonil 5
-- 3 Pomegranate Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Pomegranate Imidacloprid 0.9 1 1 Pomegranate Inorganic bromide 100 20 50 Pomegranate Methomyl 0.2

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Methoxyfenozide 0.6

-- 0.02 Pomegranate Oryzalin 0.05

-- 0.01 Pomegranate Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Pendimethalin 0.1

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Pomegranate Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Sapodilla Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Sapodilla Bifenazate 7
-- -- Sapodilla Boscalid 1.5

-- -- Sapodilla Buprofezin 0.9

-- -- Sapodilla Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Sapodilla Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Sapodilla Cyprodinil 1.2

-- -- Sapodilla Fenpropathrin 1

-- -- Sapodilla Fludioxonil 0.45

-- -- Sapodilla Glyphosate 0.2

-- -- Sapodilla Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Sapodilla Mancozeb 15

-- -- Sapodilla Mefenoxam 0.4

-- -- Sapodilla Methoxyfenozide 0.6

-- -- Sapodilla Myclobutanil 3

-- -- Sapodilla Pyraclostrobin 0.6

-- -- Sapodilla Pyridaben 0.1

-- -- Sapodilla Pyriproxyfen 1

-- -- Sapodilla Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Sapodilla Spinosad 0.3

-- -- Sapodilla Spirodiclofen 1

-- --

### Page **24 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Sapodilla Thiamethoxam 0.4

-- -- Sapodilla Trifloxystrobin 0.7

-- -- Sapodilla Triflumizole 2.5

-- -- Sapote, Black Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0. 05 Sapote, Black Bifenazate 7
-- 0.01 Sapote, Black Boscalid 1.5

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Buprofezin 0.9

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Sapote, Black Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Sapote, Black Cyprodinil 1.2

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Fenpropathrin 1

-- 0.01 Sapote, Black Fludioxonil 0.45

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Sapote, Black Imidacloprid 1

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Mefenoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Methoxyfenozide 0.6

-- 0.02 Sapote, Black Myclobutanil 3

-- 0. 02 Sapote, Black Pyraclostrobin 0.6

-- 0.02 Sapote, Black Pyridaben 0.1

-- 0.5 Sapote, Black Pyriproxyfen 1

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Sapote, Black Spiradiclofen 1

-- 0.02 Sapote, Black Thiamethoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Sapote, Black Trifloxystrobin 0.7

-- 0.02 Sapote, Black Triflumizole 2.5

-- 0.1 Sapote, mamey Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Bifenazate 7
-- 0.01 Sapote, mamey Boscalid 1.5

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Buprofezin 0.9

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Sapote, mamey Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Sapote, mamey Cyprodinil 1.2

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Fenpropathrin 1

-- 0.01 Sapote, mamey Fludioxonil 0.45

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Sapote, mamey Imidacloprid 1

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Mancozeb 15

-- 0.05

### Page **25 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Sapote, mamey Mefenoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Methoxyfenozide 0.6

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Myclobutanil 3

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Pyraclostrobin 0.6

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Pyridaben 0.1

-- 0.5 Sapote, mamey Pyriproxyfen 1

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Spirodiclofen 1

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Thiamethoxam 0.4

-- 0.05 Sapote, mamey Trifloxystrobin 0.7

-- 0.02 Sapote, mamey Triflumizole 2.5

-- 0.1 Sapote, white Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Sap ote, white Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Sapote, white Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Sapote, white Mancozeb 15

-- 0.05 Sapote, white Pyriproxyfen 0.3

-- 0.05 Sapote, white Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Sapote, white Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Soursop Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0. 05 Soursop Bifenazate 1.6

-- 0.01 Soursop Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Soursop Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Soursop Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Soursop Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Soursop Imidacloprid 0.3

-- 0.05 Soursop Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Soursop Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Soursop Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02 Spanish Lime Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Spanish Lime Bifenazate 5
-- -- Spanish Lime Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Spanish Lime Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Spanish Lime Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Spanish Lime Cyprodinil 2

-- -- Spanish Lime Fludioxonil 1

-- -- Spanish Lime Glyphosate 0.2

-- -- Spanish Lime Imidacloprid 3

-- -- Spanish Lime Methoxyfenozide 2

-- --

### Page **26 Table 1. Tolerances Established on Tropical Fruits** 

**– Inedible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) **Commodity Compound**  **US (ppm) Codex (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)** Spanish Lime Pyriproxyfen 0.3

-- -- Spanish Lime Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Spanish Lime Spinosad 0.3

-- -- Sugar Apple Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Bifenazate 1.6

-- 0.01 Sugar Apple Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Sugar Apple Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Sugar Apple Glyphosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Sugar Apple Imidacloprid 0.3

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Mancozeb 3

-- 0.0 5 Sugar Apple Mefenoxam 0.2

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Pyriproxyfen 0.2

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Spineforam 0.3

-- 0.05 Sugar Apple Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02

### Page **27 Table 2.**  **Tropical Fruit and Subtropical Fruits,**  **Inedible Peel Production in 2008**  (FAO STAT: http://faostat.fao.org/site/566/default.aspx , results as of September 7, 2010) **Countries/Regions Avocado**  **Banana Mango,**  **Mangosteen, Guavas**  **Papaya Pineapple**  **Plantain Australia**  9,800 ha

47,238 tonnes 9,8 53 ha

207,061 tonnes 9,500 ha

57,947 tonnes 250 ha

3,500 tonnes 5,134 ha

164,732 tonnes No data

No data **New Zealand**  4,004 ha

20,000 tonnes No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data **United States** 29 , 474 ha

116,000 tonnes 445 ha

7,893 tonnes 675 ha

2,950 tonnes 558 ha

15,200 tonnes 5 , 700 ha

172,500 tonnes No data

No data **Africa** 81,312 ha

511,976 tonnes 1,561,187 ha

12,234,118 tonnes 603 , 968 ha

3,395,045 tonnes 139 , 521 ha

1,449,513 tonnes 234 , 766 ha

2,458,760 tonnes 4 , 3 31 , 585 ha

24,734,204 tonnes **North America** 29 , 474 ha

116,000 tonnes 467 ha

8,256 tonnes 675 ha

2,950 tonnes 558 ha

15,200 tonnes 5 , 700 ha

172,500 tonnes No data

No data **Central America** 131,571 ha

1,253,885 tonnes 208,899 ha

7,073,442 tonnes 214,195 ha

2,1 28,243 tonnes 27,757 ha

992,930 tonnes 67,370 ha

2,838,438 tonnes 44,527 ha

617,801 tonnes **South America** 94,506 ha

838,848 tonnes 867,263 ha

16,592,662 tonnes 141,692 ha

1,908,411 tonnes 67,670 ha

2,475,981 tonnes 119,909 ha

3,715,789 tonnes 770,619 ha

6, 637,991 tonnes **Asia** 46,266 ha

406,122 tonnes 1,957,895 ha

54,192,001 tonnes 3,651,624 ha

26,543,548 tonnes 167,206 ha

5,030,117 tonnes 398,863 ha

9,658,237 tonnes 107,680 ha

1,159,920 tonnes **Europe** 22,225 ha

100,730 tonnes 10,576 ha

417,650 tonnes No data

No data No data

No data 250 ha

3,000 tonnes No data

No data **World Total** 43,7470 ha

3,555,265 tonnes 4,834,774 ha

9,339,0721 tonnes 4,723,906 ha

34,889,014 tonnes 411,163 ha

10,104,917 tonnes 852,043 ha

19,268,880 tonnes 5,387,755 ha

34,309,198 tonnes 

### Note: This table reports only the tropical fruits (inedible peel) available on the FAO website.

### Page **28 Table 3**  **. Crop Group Comparisons**  **, Tropical and Subt ropical Fruits, Inedible Peel**  CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  1 Not Listed

-- Abiu Euterpe oleracea Mart. Not Listed

-- 2 Not Listed

-- Aisen Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Not Listed

-- 3 Akee apple , FI 0325 Blighia sapida Koenig Akee apple Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig Not Listed

-- 4 Not Listed

-- Atemoya Annona cherimola Mill

. x A. squamosa L. Not Listed

-- 5 Avocado , FI 0326 Persea americana Mill., Avocado Persea americana Mill., Avocado , Code number 0163010 Persea americana 6 Not Listed

-- Avocado, Guatemalan Persea americana Mill. var.

guatemalensis Not Listed

-- 7 Not Listed

-- Avocado, Mexican Persea americana Mill. var. drymifolia (Schltdl. & Cham.) S. F. Blake Not Listed

--
8 Not Listed

-- Avocado, West Indian Persea americana var.

americana Not Listed

-- 9 Not Listed

-- Bacury Platonia insignis Mart. Not Liste d

-- 10 Not Listed

-- Bael fruit Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa Not Listed

-- 11 Banana , FI 0327 Musa spp. and hybrids Banana Musa spp. and hybrids Banana , Code number 0163020 Musa x paradisica 12 Banana, dwarf

, FI 0328 Musa hybrids; Musa acuminata Colla Banana, dwarf Musa hybrids; Musa acuminata Colla Dwarf banana included in the Banana definition -- 13 Not Listed

-- Binjai Mangifera caesia Jack Not Listed

-- 14 Not Listed

-- Biriba Annona mucosa Jacq. Not Listed

-- 15 Breadfruit, FI 0329 Artocarpus co mmunis J.R. et G. Forster Breadfruit Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg Bread fruit, Code number 0163090 Artocarpus altilis

### Page **29 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Group Comparisons , Tropical and Sub**  **tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv) **Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **o dity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e** 16 Not Listed

-- Burmese grape Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. Not Listed

-- 17 Canistel , FI 0330 Pouteria campechiana (HBK) Baehni Canistel Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni Canistel included in the American persimmon definition --
18 Not Listed

-- Cat's

- eyes Dimocarpus longan Lour. subsp. malesianus Leenh. Not Listed

-- 19 Not Listed

-- Champedak Artocarpus integer (Thunb.) Merr. Not Listed

-- 20 Cherimoya , FB 0331 Annona cherimola Mill. Cherimoya Annona cherimola Mill. Cherimoya , Code number 0163060 Annona cherimola 21 Not Listed

-- Cupuacú Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum. Not Listed

--
22 Custard apple , FI0332 Annona reticulata L. Custard apple Annona reticulata L. Custard apple included in the Cherimoya definition --
23 Not Listed

-- Dragon fruit Hylocereus undatus (Haw .) Britton & Rose Not Listed

-- 24 Durian, FI 0334 Durio zibethinus Murr
. Durian Durio zibethinus L. Durian, Code number 016100 Durio zibethinus 25 Elephant

- apple , FI 0371 Feronia limonia (L. ) Swing Elephant

- apple Limonia acidissima L. Not Listed

-- 26 Not Listed

-- Etam be Mangifera zeylanica

(Blume) Hook. F. Not Listed

-- 27 Not Listed

-- Granadilla Passiflora ligularis Juss. Not Listed

-- 28 Not Listed

-- Granadilla, Giant Passiflora quadrangularis L. Not Listed

-- 30 Ilama , FI 0337 Annona diversifolia Saff. Ilama Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm. Ilama included in the Cherimoya definition --

### Page **30 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Grou p Comparisons, Tropical and Sub**  **tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel (continued** **)** CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **C omm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e** 31 Not Listed

-- Ingá Inga vera Willd. subsp. affinis (DC.) T. D. Penn. Not Listed

-- 32 Jackfruit, FI 0338 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Jackfruit ncluded in the Bread fruit definition -- 33 Not Listed

-- Jatobá Hymenaea courbaril L. Not Listed

-- 34 Not Listed

-- Karuka Pandanus julianettii Martelli Not Listed

-- 35 Not Listed

-- Kei apple Dovyalis caffra (Hook. F. & Harv.) Warb. Not Listed

-- 36 Not Listed

-- Langsat Lansium domesticum Corrêa Not Listed

-- 37 Not Listed

-- Lanjut Mangifera lagenifera Griff. Not Listed

-- 38 Longan, FI 0342 Nephelium longana (Lam.) Camb. Longan Dimocarpus longan Lour. Not Listed

-- 39 Not Listed

-- Lucuma Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze Not Listed

-- 40 Litchi, FI 0343 Litchi chinensis Sonn. Lychee Litchi chinensis Sonn. Lychee (Litchi) , Code number0162020 Litchi chinensis 41 Not Listed

-- Mabolo Diospyros blancoi A. DC. Not Listed

-- 42 Not Listed

-- Madras -thorn Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Not Listed

-- 43 Mammy
- apple , FI 0344 Mammea americana L. Mammy
- apple Mammea americana L. Not Listed

-- 44 Not Listed

-- Manduro Balanites maughamii Sprague Not Listed

-- 45 Mango , FI 0345 Mangifera indica L. Mango Mangifera indica L. Mango , Code number 0163030 Mangifera indica

### Page **31 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Grou p Comparisons, Tropical and Sub**  **tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  46 Not Listed

-- Mango, horse Mangifera foetida Lour. Not Listed

-- 47 Not Listed

-- Mango, Saipan Mangifera odorata Griff. Not Listed

-- 48 Mangostan, FI 0346 Garcinia mangostana L. Mangosteen Garcinia mangostana L. Not Listed

-- 49 Not Listed

-- Marang Artocarpus odoratissimus Bl anco Not Listed

-- 50 Mamaladedos, FI 0347 Genipa americana L., Marmalade

-box Genipa americana L., Not Listed

-- 51 Not Listed

-- Matisia Matisia cordata Humb. & Bonpl. Not Listed

-- 52 Not Listed

-- Mesquite Prosopis juliflora (Sw .) DC. Not Listed

-- 53 Not Listed

-- Mongongo (fruit) Schinziophyton rautanenii (Schinz) Radcl.

- Sm Not Listed

-- 54 Not Listed

-- Monkey

-bread

-tree Adansonia digitata L. Not Listed

-- 55 Not Listed

-- Monstera Monstera deliciosa Liebm. Not Listed

-- 57 Not Listed

-- Ni cobar

-breadfruit Pandanus leram Jones ex Fontana Not Listed

-- 58 Not Listed

-- Paho Mangifera altissima Blanco Not Listed

-- 60 Not Listed

-- Pandanus Pandanus utilis Bory Not Listed

--

### Page **32 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Group Comparisons, Tropical an d Sub**  **tropical Fruits , Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e a**  **nd Code Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e** 61 Papaya , FI 0350 Carica papaya L. Papaya Carica papaya L. Papaya , Code number 0163040 Carica papaya 62 Not Listed

-- Passionflower, Winged

- stem Passiflora alata Curtis Not Listed

-- 63 Passionfruit, FI 0351 Passiflora edulis Sims Passionfruit Passiflora edulis Sims Passionfruit, Code number 0162030 Passiflora edulis 64 Not Listed

-- Passionfruit, Banana Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm

Niels. & P. Jorg. Not Listed

--
65 Not Listed

-- Passionfruit, Purple Passiflora edulis Sims forma edulis Not Listed

-- 66 Not Listed

-- Passionfruit, Yellow Passiflora edulis Sims forma flavicarpa O. Deg. Not Listed

-- 67 Refers to papaya

-- Paw paw Asimina trilob a (L.) Dunal Not Listed

-- 68 Not Listed

-- Paw paw, Small

flower Asimina parviflora (Michx.)

Dunal Not Listed

-- 69 Not Listed

-- Pelipisan Mangifera casturi Kosterm. Not Listed

-- 70 Not Listed

-- Pequi Caryocar brasiliense Cambess Not Listed

-- 71 Not Listed

-- Pequia Caryocar villosum (Aubl.) Pers. Not Listed

-- 72 Persimmon, American, FI 0352 Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon, American Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon, American, Code number 0162060 Diospyros virginiana 73 Pineapple , FI 0353 Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. Pineapple Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. Pineapple , Code number 0163080 Ananas comosus 74 Not Listed

-- Pitahaya Hylocereus polyrhizus Not Listed

-- 75 Not Listed

-- Pitaya Hylocereus sp. Not Listed

--

### Page **33 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Grou p Comparisons,**  **Tropical and Sub tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List o r Regulation** 

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  76 Not Listed

-- Pitaya Amarilla Hylocereus triangularis Not Listed

-- 77 Not Listed

-- Pitaya Roja Hylocereus ocamponis Not Listed

-- 78 Not Listed

-- Pitaya, Yellow Hylocereus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Ralf Bauer Not Listed

--
79 Plantain, FI 0354 Musa x paradisiaca L. , var. sapientum (L.) Kuntze Plantain Musa x paradisiaca L. Plantain included in the Banana definition --
80 Pomegranate , FI 0355 Punica granatum L. Pomegranate Punica granatum L. Pomegranate , Code number 0163050 Punica granatum 81 Not Listed

-- Poshte Annona liebmanniana Baill. Not Listed

-- 82 Prickly pear, FI 0356 Opuntia ficus

- indica (L.) P. Miller Prickly pear Opuntia ficus

- indica (L.) Mill. Prickly pear, Code number 0162040 Opuntia ficus

- indica 83 Not Listed

-- Prickly pear, Texas Opuntia engelmannii Salm

Dyck ex Engelm. var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) B. D. Parfitt & Pinkava Not Listed

--

84 Pulasan Nephelium mutabile Bl

. Pulasan Nephelium ramboutan

- ake (Labill.) Leenh. Pulasan included in the Lychee definition --- 85 Not Listed

-- Quandong Santalum acuminatum (R. Br.) DC. Not Listed

--
86 Rambutan, FI 0358 Nephelium lappaceum L. Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum L. Rambutan included in the Lychee definition 87 Not Listed

-- Saguaro Carnegiea gigantea (Engelm.) Britton & Rose Not Listed

-- 89 Sapodilla Manilkara archras (Mill.) Fosberg Sapodilla Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen Not Listed

--

### Page **34 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Gr ou** **p Comparisons, Tropical and Sub tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel**  **(continued)** CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed U**  **S EU Crop List or Regulation** 

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  90 Sapote, black Diospyros edebaster Retz
. Sapote, black Diospyros digyna Jacq. Black sapote included in the American p ersimmon definition --
91 Sapote, green Calocarpum viridis Pitt

. Sapote, green Pouteria viridis (Pittier) Cronquist Green sapote included in the American persimmon definition --
92 Sapote, mammey Calocarpum sapota (Jacq.) Merr. Sapote, mamey Pouteria sap ota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn Mammey sapote included in the American persimmon definition --
93 Sapote, w

hite Casimiroa edulis Llave &

Lex Sapote, w hite Casimiroa edulis La Llave

& Lex White sapote included in the American persimmon definition --
94 Not Listed

-- Sataw Parkia speciosa Hassk. Not Listed

-- 95 Not Listed

-- Satinleaf Chrysophyllum oliviforme L. Not Listed

-- 96 Not Listed

-- Screw

-pine Pandanus tectorius Parkinson Not Listed

-- 97 Not Listed

-- Sierra Leone

tamarind Dialium guineense Willd. Not Listed

-- 98 Not Listed

-- Soncoya Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal Not Listed

-- 99 Soursop Annona muricata L. Soursop Annona muricata L. Soursop , Code number 0163110 Annona muricata 100 Spanish lime Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. Spanish lime Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq. Not Listed

-- 101 Star apple Chrysophyllum cainito L. Star apple Chrysophyllum cainito L. Star apple , Code number 0162050 Chrysophyllum cainito 102 Sugar apple Annona squamosa L. Sugar apple Annona squamosa L. Sugar apple included in the Cherimoya definition --

### Page **35 Table**  **3 .**  **Crop Grou p Comparisons, Tropical and Sub**  **tropical Fruits, Inedible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 00 6 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– inedible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop Li st of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  103 Not Listed

-- Sun Sapote Licania platypus (Hemsl.) Fritsch Not Listed

-- 104 Not Listed

-- Tamarind

- of

-the

Indies Dialium indum L. Not Listed

-- 105 Not Listed

-- Velvet Tamarind Dialium indum L., Not Listed

-- 106 Not Listed

-- Wampi Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels Not Listed

-- 107 Not Listed

-- White star apple Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don Not Listed

-- 108 Not Listed

-- Wild loquat Uapaca kirkiana Müll. Arg. Not Listed

--

### Page **36** ATTACHMENT 1

. EXCEL SPREADSHEETS FOR SORTING SUBGROUPS

### Page **37** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Abiu Pouteria

caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk Sapotaceae Florida; no yi eld data is available sphere 5 12 523 314 0.6 Skin of mature fruit is smooth, thin, tough, leathery Smooth

Akee apple Blighia sapida

K.D. Koenig Sapindaceae Florida; no yi eld data is available cylinder 2.5 10 196 196 1.0 The skin is smooth, shiny to waxy and leathery Smooth

Atemoya Annona

cherimola Mill. X A. squamosa L. Annonaceae Florida, Hawaii, Southern California; a commercial fruit in southern Florida cylinder 5 20 1570 785 0.5 knobby rind; smooth to pointed U
- shaped areoles Rough or

Hairy

Avocado Persea

am ericana Mill. Lauraceae California, Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 7.5 33 5829 1908 0.3 skin is thick, smooth or pebbled, thin or leathery Smooth

### Page **38** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Sci entific** 

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Avocado, Guatemalan Persea

americana Mill. var. guatemalensis Lauraceae Coastal California sphere 2.5 5 6 5 79 1.2 smooth or pebbled Smooth

Avocado, Mexican Persea

americana Mill. var. drymifolia (Schltdl. & Cham.) S. F. Blake Lauraceae California; not suited to southern Florida sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth or pebbled Smooth

Avocado, West Indian Persea

ame ricana var. americana Lauraceae No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth or pebbled Smooth

Bacury Platonia

insignis Mart. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) No data sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 thick, tough, hard, smooth, leathery, elastic, and exudes yellow, gummy, resinous latex when bruised Smooth

### Page **39** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Des cription**  **Peel Texture**

Banana Musa spp. and

hybrids Musaceae Gro wn commercially in the U.S. in Hawaii, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico, with some small plantings in south Florida, Texas and California cylinder 2.5 30 589 510 0.9 The peel is smooth and thin. Smooth

Banana, dwarf Musa hybrids;

Musa acuminata Colla Musaceae No data cylinder 1.5 25 177 250 1.4 The peel is smooth and thin. Smooth
Binjai Mangifera

caesia Jack Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3.5 11 423 319 0.8 skin is very thin, smooth, glossy or slightly scaly Smooth

Biriba Annona

mucosa Jacq. Annonaceae Puerto Rico, South Florida; no yield data is available sphere 10 20 4187 1256 0.3 The rind is 0.3 centimeter (0.125 inch) thick, leathery, tough, sometimes bumpy, and is compo sed of hexagonal, conical segments that are tipped with a wart

- like or soft spine protrusion Rough or

Hairy

### Page **40** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Ma**  **x Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Breadfruit Artocarpus

altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg Moraceae Scattered dooryard trees in Hawaii and South Florida. Guam and the US Virgin Islands sphere 15 45 31793 2826 0.1 rind may be smooth, rough, bumpy, or contain sharp, black points or soft, green spines Rough or

Hairy

Canistel Pouteria

campechiana (Kunth) Baehni Sapotaceae Very minor production in South Florida. In 1994, 0.4 hectare (1 acre) was grown; Puerto Rico; Hawaii; Southern California cylinder 2 12 151 176 1.2 peel is smooth, waxy or glossy and thin Smooth

Champedak Artocarpus

integer (Thunb.) Merr. Moraceae Hawaii cylinder 7.5 35 6182 2002 0.3 sticky outer huck with spines Rough or

Hairy

Cherimoya Annon a

cherimola Mill. Annonaceae California coastal areas, Florida and to a limited extent in Hawaii; less than 40 hectares (100 acres) are grown in California cylinder 5 20 1570 785 0.5 The skin can be thin to thick, smooth with fingerprint

- like markings or rough with conical or rounded protuberances; most with protuberances Rough or

Hairy

### Page **41** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Cupuac ú Theobroma

grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum. Malvaceae (also

placed in Sterculiaceae ) No data cylinder 6 25 2826 1168 0.4 hard, smooth, woody Smooth

Custard apple Annona

reticulata L. Annonaceae Occasionally grown in South Florida sphere 8 16 2144 804 0.4 The skin is thin, tough, and faintly, moderately, or distinctly reticulated Rough or

Hairy

Dragon fruit Hylocereus

undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose Cactaceae Fruit is grown commercially in the U.S. including Florida, California, Hawaii and tropical American lowlands. There are approximately 10 to 15 hectares (25 to 37 acres) of dragon fruit in commercial production in Southern California. There is some commercial production in Hawaii cylinder 5.5 12 1140 604 0.5 The outside of the fruit is coated with fleshy ovate bases of scales. Rough or

Hairy

### Page **42** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Durian Durio

zibethinus L. Malvaceae (also

placed in Bombacaceae, Durionaceae) Small plantings are developed in Hawaii cylinder 12.5 30 14719 3336 0.2 rind is fibrous, thick, tough, semi

- woody, and densely covered with coarse, stout, sharp, pyramidal spines Rough or

Hairy

Elephant

apple Limonia

acidissima L. Rutaceae Gro wn in California and Florida for experimental purposes sphere 6.25 12.5 1022 491 0.5 rind is hard, woody, scaly, dry, Rough or

Hairy

Etambe Mangifera

zeylanica (Blume) Hook. F. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 2.5 6.5 128 141 1.1 thin with many tiny glands Smooth

Granadilla Passiflora

ligularis Juss. Passifloraceae Hawai i cylinder 3.5 8 308 253 0.8 smooth, thin, hard and brittle Smooth Granadilla, Giant Passiflora

quadrangularis L. Passifloraceae Hawaii; grown occasionally in South Florida cylinder 7.5 30 5299 1766 0.3 Fruit can be faintly ribbed or longitudinally 3

- lob ed Smooth

Ilama Annona

macroprophyll ata Donn. Sm. Annonaceae It can be grown in California, Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Ilama production is rare in the U.S sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 surface of the fruit is rough and contains pronounced triangular protuberances Rough or

Hairy

### Page **43** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description P**  **eel Texture**
Jackfruit Artocarpus

heterophyllus Lam. Moraceae South Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii cylinder 25 100 19625 0 19625 0.1 rind is thick, rubbery, hard, pebbly and contains short, blunt spines Rough or

Hairy

Jatobá Hymenaea

courbaril L. Fabacea e (alt.

Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) Puerto Rico, Southern Florida cylinder 3.25 17 564 413 0.7 pod is dull, hard and woody smooth

Karuka Pandanus

julianettii Martelli Pandanaceae No data sphere 22.5 6 47689 6359 0.1 wedge

- shaped phlang es, peel is dry or hard Rough or

Hairy Kei apple Dovyalis caffra

(Hook. F. & Harv.) Warb
. Salicaceae (also

placed in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, Southern California, Puerto Rico sphere 3 6 113 113 1.0 The skin is tough, thin, and velvety Smooth
Langsat Lan sium

domesticum Corrêa Meliaceae Puerto Rico, Hawaii sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 leathery Smooth
Lanjut Mangifera

lagenifera Griff. Anacardiaceae No data cone 3.75 10 147 176 1.2 smooth Smooth

Longan Dimocarpus

longan Lour. Sapindaceae Home gardens; Hawaii, Florida, California; in 1994, Florida reported 81 hectares sphere 2 4 33 50 1.5 The skin is thin, fragile, leathery, crusty and pebbly to almost smooth with a honeycomb pattern Rough or

Hairy

### Page **44** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Su bt** **ropical Fruit , Inedible Peel**  **(continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Lucuma Pouteria

lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze Sapotaceae Florida, Hawaii, Southern California sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 skin is thin, delicate, smooth Smooth

Mabolo Diospyros

blancoi A. DC. Ebenaceae in experimental gardens in Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 skin is velvety, thin, pliable and tough; tough and papery when chewed; short hairs Smooth

Mammy
apple Mammea

americana L. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) Minor crop production in South Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands sphere 10 15 4187 1256 0.3 The skin is leathery, bitter and rough. Skin contains small, scattered, warty or scurfy areas Rough or

Hairy

Mango Mangifera

indica L. Anacardiaceae Florida, southern California, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 6 30 3391 1356 0.4 skin is waxy, smooth, thick, leathery and inedible; skin can contain a powdery bloom Smooth
Mango, horse Mangifera

foetida Lour. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 6 16 1809 829 0.5 smooth Smooth
Mango, Saipan Mangifera

odorata Griff. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 5 13 1021 565 0.6 Skin is thick, tough, and can be spotted with dark brown or yellow lenticels. Smooth

### Page **45** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Mangosteen Garcinia

mangostana L. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) There are a few small plantings in Puerto Rico, South Florida, and Hawaii sphere 4 8 268 201 0.8 fruit skin is smooth, dense, bitter, leathery, soft to woody, tough Smooth

Marang Artocarpus

odoratissimus Blanco Moraceae Hawaii cylinder 6.5 16 2123 918 0.4 rind is thick, fleshy, and is covered with short brittle spines and protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Marmalade

box Genipa

americana L. Rubiaceae Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Southern Florida cylinder 4.5 15 954 551 0.6 skin is thin, leathery, and scurfy Rough or

Hairy
Monkey

bread

-tree Adansonia

digitata L. Malvaceae (also

placed in Bombacaceae) No data cylinder 10 54 16956 4019 0.2 The fruit shell is hard, woody, covered with velvety yellowish hairs Rough or

Hairy

Monstera Monstera

deliciosa Liebm. Araceae Hawaii, California, South Florida cylinder 4 30 1507 854 0.6 The rind is thick, hard, and made up of hexagonal scales that cover the individual segments. Rough or

Hairy

Muriti Mauritia

flexuosa L.f. Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) No data cylinder 2.5 7 137 149 1.1 fruit is covered with hard, shiny, brownish

-red scales Rough or

Hairy

### Page **46** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Nicobar

breadfruit Pandanus

leram Jones ex Fontana Pandanaceae No data sphere 22.5 15 4768 9 6359 0.1 >1,000 phlanges Rough or Hairy
Paho Mangifera

altissima Blanco Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3 8 226 207 0.9 smooth and glossy Smooth
Palmyra palm Borassus

flabellifer L. Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) Southern Florida, Hawaii; no yi eld data is avai lable sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 outer covering of the fruit is smooth, thin, leathery and brown Smooth

Pandanus Pandanus utilis

Bory Pandanaceae Florida, Southern California sphere 15.25 30.5 14848 2921 0.2 wedge

- shaped phlanges Rough or

Hairy

Papaya Carica papaya

L. Caricaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, US Virgin Islands; Florida produces fruits for the local market; Hawaii is the main producer for the U.S. cylinder 15 45 31793 5652 0.2 smooth Smooth

Passionflowe r, Winged

stem Passiflora ala ta

Curtis Passifloraceae No data cylinder 5 15 1178 628 0.5 smooth Smooth

### Page **47** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Su**  **rface Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Passionfruit Passiflora

edulis Sims Passifloraceae Hawaii, Florida, California, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, Western Samoa sphere 4.5 9 382 254 0.7 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit, Banana Passiflora

tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm

Niels. & P. Jorg. Passifloraceae Hawaii, California cylinder 2 12 151 176 1.2 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit, Purple Passiflora

edulis Sims forma edulis Passifloraceae widely grown in California as far north as San Jose, the Monterey Bay Area and the San Francisco Bay Area sphere 4.5 9 382 254 0.7 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit, Yellow Passiflora

edulis Sims forma flavicarpa O. Deg. Passifloraceae Hawaii cylinder 4.5 12 763 466 0.6 smooth Smooth

### Page **48** 

### Table **1. All T ropical and Subt** **ropical Fruit , Inedible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Pawpaw Asimina triloba

(L.) Dunal Annonaceae Northeastern; North

- central; Southeastern; South

- Central and Pacific Northwest. Yields are often low. cylinder 5 15 1178 628 0.5 smooth Smooth

Pelipisan Mangifera

casturi Kosterm. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3 7.2 203 192 0.9 smooth and gl ossy Smooth
Pequi Caryocar

brasiliense Cambess Caryocaraceae No data cylinder 3 8 226 207 0.9 smooh Smooth
Pequia Caryocar

villosum (Aubl.) Pers. Caryocaraceae No data cylinder 4.5 8 509 353 0.7 smooth Smooth

Persimmon, American Diospyros

virginiana L. E benaceae Northeastern U.S. ; North central ; S outheastern ; and South

Central U.S. sphere 2.55 5.1 69 82 1.2 smooth Smooth

Pineapple Ananas

comosus (L.) Merr. Bromeliaceae Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Virgin Islands sphere 15 60 14130 2826 0.2 rough Rough or Hairy Pitahaya Hylocereus

polyrhizus Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy

### Page **49** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **H eight**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Pitaya Hylocereus sp.

Including H. megalanthus, H. ocamponis and H. polychizus Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy
Pitaya Amarilla Hylo cereus

triangularis Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy Pitaya Roja Hylocereus

ocamponis Cactaceae Puerto Rico cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy Pitaya, Yellow Hylocereus

megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Ra lf Bauer Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy

Plantain Musa x

paradisiaca L. Musaceae Pla ntains are produced in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands; some production occurs in Florida cylinder 2.5 30 589 510 0.9 smooth Smooth

Po megranat e Punica

granatum L. Lythraceae (also

placed in Punicaceae) Hawaii, California, Arizona, Florida sphere 6 13 904 452 0.5 smooth Smooth

Poshte Annona

liebmanniana Baill. Annonaceae Experimental species grown in Florida sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 rais ed edges that form a hexagon Rough or

Hairy

### Page **50** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Textur** **e**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Prickly pear Opuntia ficus

indica (L.) Mill. Cactaceae California, Arizona, Texas, Hawaii; grown widely in home gardens and widely cultivated and naturalized in small commercial plantings in southwestern and southern U.S cylinde r 4.5 10 636 410 0.6 spines and glochids Rough or

Hairy

Prickly pear, Texas Opuntia

engelmannii Salm

- Dyck ex Engelm. var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) B. D. Parfitt & Pinkava Cactaceae Oklahoma, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Califor nia, Arizona, and Texas cylinder 3 9 254 226 0.9 spines and glochids Rough or

Hairy

Pulasan Nephelium

ramboutan

- ake (Labill.) Leenh. Sapindaceae extreme South Florida, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico cylinder 3 7.5 212 198 0.9 thick, leathery covered with short thick fleshy stubby straight spines Rough or

Hairy
Quandong Santalum

acuminatum (R. Br.) DC. Santalaceae No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth Smooth

### Page **51** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Fa**  **mily Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Rambutan Nephelium

lappaceum L. Sapindaceae Hawaii cylinder 2 8 100 126 1.3 covered with long, curling soft spines or tub ercles and long, fleshy, soft, rigid, red, pinkish or yellow spine/hair Rough or

Hairy

Saguaro Carnegiea

gigantea (Engelm.) Britton & Rose Cactaceae Southwestern; US . Grown from extreme southeastern California east to south central Arizona and south into northern Sonora cylinder 4 10 502 352 0.7 skin is spiny Rough or Hairy

Salak Salacca zalacca

(Gaertn.) Voss Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 scales with spines Rough or Hairy

### Page **52** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt** **ropical Fruit , Inedibl** **e Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Sapodilla Manilkara

zapota (L.) P. Royen Sapotaceae Florida (12 hectares (30 acres)

- 1995), Guam, Hawaii (2 growers, 11 trees and 0.4 hectares (1 acre)), southern California, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. Florida produces annual yields of 20 to 30 tonnes (22 to 33 tons) per hectare sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 rough co vered with light brown scruf Rough or

Hairy

Sapote, black Diospyros

digyna Jacq. Ebenaceae Minor Production in Florida (0.4 hectare (1 acre)), Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 6.25 15 1022 491 0.5 skin is shinny, smooth, thin Smooth

Sapote, green Pouteria viridis

(Pittier) Cronquist Sapotaceae Home gardens cylinder 4 20 1005 603 0.6 thin, smooth, glossy Smooth

### Page **53** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **H eight**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Sapote, mamey Pouteria

sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn Sapotaceae South Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 6 23 2600 1093 0.4 peel is rough, leathery, semi woody, scurfy Rough or

Hairy Sapote, white Casimiroa

edulis La Llave & Lex Rutaceae California, Florida, Hawaii cylinder 5.5 12 1140 604 0.5 thin, papery, smooth, inedible Smooth

Sataw Parkia speciosa

Hassk. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); also placed in Mimosa ceae No data cylinder 2.5 55 1079 903 0.8 pods are large, straight to twisted, swollen over seeds Smooth

Screw
- pine Pandanus

tectorius Parkinson Pandanaceae Hawaii; American Samoa sphere 2.55 5.1 69 82 1.2 wedge

- shaped phlanges, peel is dry or hard Rough or

Hairy
Soncoya Annona

purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal Annonaceae Puerto Rico sphere 10 20 4187 1256 0.3 skin coated with brown felt, protuberances tipped with a curved hook Rough or

Hairy

Soursop Annona

muricata L. Annonaceae Puerto Rico, Florida, Hawaii cylinder 7.5 35 6182 2002 0.3 thin, fragile, leathery, tender, bitter, covered in recurred, stubby or elongated soft spines Rough or

Hairy

Star apple Chrysophyllum

cainito L. Sapotaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 peel is inedi ble, thick, rubbery, glossy, smooth, leathery Smooth

### Page **54** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Sugar apple Annona

squamosa L. Annonaceae Florida, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 thick rind with knobby protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Sun Sapote Licania

platypus (Hemsl.) Fritsch Chry sobalanaceae Florida, Hawaii cylinder 7 20 3077 1187 0.4 thin, warty, fibrous and covered with white lenticels Rough or

Hairy
Tamarind

- of

the

- Indies Vangueria

madagascarien sis J. F. Gmel. Rubiaceae No data sphere 2.25 48 64 1.3 skin is smooth, shiny an d tough Smooth

Wild loquat Uapaca

kirkiana Müll. Arg. Phyllanthaceae; (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae, Uapacaceae) No data cylinder 2 4 50 75 1.5 skin is tough, finely haired when young and smooth when ripe Smooth

### Page **55** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Subt ropica** **l Fruit , Inedible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Lychee Litchi chinensis

Sonn. Sapindaceae Florida, Hawaii, California, Texas. Florida is the largest producer of lychee cylinder 1.25 4 20 41 2.1 skin is thin, hard, fragile, leathery, warty, and covered with angular protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Ingá Inga vera

Willd. Subsp
. affinis (DC.) T. D. Penn. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae) (also placed in Mimosaceae No data cylinder 1 12 38 82 2.2 The skin of the fruit is dense

pubescent Rough or

Hairy
Mongongo Schinziophyton

rautanenii (Schinz) Radcl.

- Sm Euphorbiaceae No data cylinder 1.25 3.5 17 37 2.2 fuzzy, inedible peel Rough or

Hairy
Manduro Balanites

maughamii Sprague Zygophyllaceae (also

placed in Balanitaceae) No data cylinder 1 8 25 57 2.3 The skin is firm, thin, hairy, and brittle at maturity Rough or

Hairy
Sierra Leone
tamarind Dialium

guineense W illd. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) No data sphere 1.25 2.5 8 20 2.4 densely velvety Rough or Hairy
Velvet Tamarind Dialium indum

L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) No data cylinder 1 4 13 31 2 .5 pod is thin, brittle and covered in black velvet Rough or

Hairy

### Page **56** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**V ol**  **(cm 3**  **) Est**  **Surface Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Aisen Boscia

senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Capparaceae (also

placed in Brassicaceae) No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 Skin is hard and slightly pubescent. After being husked, the pea - like berry is consumed. Rough or

Hairy

Guriri Allagoptera

arenaria (Gomes) Kuntze Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) No data cylinder 0.65 2 3 11 4.1 rought texture in google image pictures Rough or

Hairy

Satinleaf Chrysophyllum

oliviforme L. Sapotaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 0.5 2 2 8 5.0 skin is gummy or rubbery and secretes a white milky sap when cut Rough or

Hairy

Matisia Matisia

cordata Humb. & Bonpl. Malvaceae (also

placed in Bombacaceae) Florida sphere 7 14 1436 63435 44.2 thick, leathery, downy and elastic Rough or

Hairy Burmese grape Baccaurea

ramiflora Lour. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) No data sphere 1.75 22 38 1.7 round or oval with a smooth skin Smooth
White star apple Chrysophyllum

albidum G. Don Sapotaceae No data sphe re 1.7 3.4 21 36 1.8 skin is smooth and sometimes speckled Smooth

### Page **57** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vo l**  **(cm 3**  **) Est**  **Surface Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Pawpaw, Small

-flower Asimina

parviflora (Michx.) Dunal Annonaceae southeastern U.S. including North Carolina, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia; South

- Central U.S. including Texas sphere 1.27 2.54 9 20 2.4 smooth Smooth

Wampi Clausena

lansium (Lour.) Skeels Rutaceae Hawaii; experimental plants in Florida and Puerto Rico sphere 1.25 2.5 8 20 2.4 The rind is thin, pliable, sometimes brittle and papery, tough, leathery, oily, resinous, minutely hairy, soft, and is dotted with tiny, raised, brown oil glands Smooth

### Page **58** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scien tific** 

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Mesquite Prosopis

juliflora (Sw.) DC. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Mimosaceae) Hawaii, Southern U.S., Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands cylinder 0.85 30 68 165 2.4 thick, leathery, several

- seeded, constricted between the seeds Smooth

Madras

thorn Pithecellobium

dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Mimosaceae) Southern Florida (weedy), Puerto Rico (weedy), Hawaii (weedy), coasts of California, U.S. Virgin Islands, Southwest U.S cylinder 0.75 20 35 98 2.8 The pod splits along both margins, is swollen, constricted between the seeds, and slightly hairy. Smooth

Cat's

- ey es Dimocarpus

longan Lour. Subsp. malesianus Leenh. Sapindaceae No data sphere 1 2 4 13 3.0 most common form of the fruit is brown, round and smooth Smooth

Spanish lime Melicoccus

bijugatus Jacq. Sapindaceae Puerto Rico, Florida, Hawaii sphere 1 4 4 13 3.0 short, sharp protrusion tip of fruit, skin is smooth, thin, leathery and brittle Smooth

### Page **59** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(c m)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Bael fruit Aegle

marmelos (L.) Corrêa Rutaceae Florida; no yi eld data is available cylinder 2.5 20 65 353 5.4 thick, hard, brittle, smooth, tough, woody shell with oil glands Smooth

Atemoya Annona

cherimola Mill. X A. squamosa L. Annonaceae Florida, Hawaii, Southern California; a commercial fruit in southern Florida cylinder 5 20 1570 785 0.5 knobby rind; smooth to pointed U
- shaped areoles Rough or

Hairy

Biri ba Annona

mucosa Jacq. Annonaceae Puerto Rico, South Florida; no yield data is available sphere 10 20 4187 1256 0.3 The rind is 0.3 centimeter (0.125 inch) thick, leathery, tough, sometimes bumpy, and is composed of hexagonal, conical segments that are tipped with a wart

- like or soft spine protrusion Rough or

Hairy

Breadfruit Artocarpus

altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg Moraceae Scattered dooryard trees in Hawaii and South Florida. Guam and the US Virgin Islands sphere 15 45 31793 2826 0.1 rind may be smooth, rough, bumpy, or contain sharp, black points or soft, green spines Rough or

Hairy

### Page **60** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radiu s**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Champedak Artocarpus

integer (Thunb.) Merr. Moraceae Hawaii cylinder 7.5 35 6182 2002 0.3 sticky outer huck with spines Rough or

Hairy

Cherimoya Annon a

ch erimola Mill. Annonaceae California coastal areas, Florida and to a limited extent in Hawaii; less than 40 hectares (100 acres) are grown in California cylinder 5 20 1570 785 0.5 The skin can be thin to thick, smooth with fingerprint

- like markings or rough with conical or rounded protuberances; most with protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Custard apple Annona

reticulata L. Annonaceae Occasionally grown in South Florida sphere 8 16 2144 804 0.4 The skin is thin, tough, and faintly, moderately, or distinctly reticulated Rough or

Hairy

### Page **61** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **S A**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Dragon fruit Hylocereus

undatus (Haw.) Britton & Rose Cactaceae Fruit is grown commercially in the U.S. including Florida, California, Hawaii and tropical American lowlands. There are approximately 10 to 15 hectares (25 to 37 acres) of dragon fruit in commercial production in Southern California. There is some commercial production in Hawaii cylinder 5.5 12 1140 604 0.5 The outside of the fruit is coated with fleshy ovate bases of scales. Rough or

Hairy

Durian Durio

zibethinus L. Malvaceae (also

placed in Bombacaceae, Durionaceae) Small plantings are developed in Hawaii cylinder 12.5 30 14719 3336 0.2 rind is fibrous, thick, tough, semi

- woody, and densely covered with coarse, stout, sharp, pyramidal spines Rough o r

Hairy

### Page **62** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**De scription**  **Peel Texture** Elephant

apple Limonia

acidissima L. Rutaceae Gro wn in California and Florida for experimental purposes sphere 6.25 12.5 1022 491 0.5 rind is hard, woody, scaly, dry, Rough or

Hairy

Ilama Annona

macroprophyll ata Donn. Sm. Annonac eae It can be grown in California, Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Ilama production is rare in the U.S sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 surface of the fruit is rough and contains pronounced triangular protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Jackfruit Artocarpus

heterop hyllus Lam. Moraceae South Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii cylinder 25 100 19625 0 19625 0.1 rind is thick, rubbery, hard, pebbly and contains short, blunt spines Rough or

Hairy

Karuka Pandanus

julianettii Martelli Pandanaceae No data sphere 22.5 6 47689 6359 0.1 wedge

- shaped phlanges, peel is dry or hard Rough or

Hairy

Longan Dimocarpus

longan Lour. Sapindaceae Home gardens; Hawaii, Florida, California; in 1994, Florida reported 81 hectares sphere 2 4 33 50 1.5 The skin is thin, fragile, leathery, crusty and pebbly to almost smooth with a honeycomb pattern Rough or

Hairy

### Page **63** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Hei**  **ght (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Mammy
apple Mammea

americana L. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) Minor crop production in South Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands sphere 10 15 418 7 1256 0.3 The skin is leathery, bitter and rough. Skin contains small, scattered, warty or scurfy areas Rough or

Hairy

Marang Artocarpus

odoratissimus Blanco Moraceae Hawaii cylinder 6.5 16 2123 918 0.4 rind is thick, fleshy, and is covered with short brittle spines and protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Marmalade

box Genipa

americana L. Rubiaceae Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Southern Florida cylinder 4.5 15 954 551 0.6 skin is thin, leathery, and scurfy Rough or

Hairy
Monkey

bread

-tree Adansonia

digitata L. Malvaceae (also

placed in Bombacaceae) No data cylinder 10 54 16956 4019 0.2 The fruit shell is hard, woody, covered with velvety yellowish hairs Rough or

Hairy

Monstera Monstera

deliciosa Liebm. Araceae Hawaii, California, South Florida cylinde r 4 30 1507 854 0.6 The rind is thick, hard, and made up of hexagonal scales that cover the individual segments. Rough or

Hairy

Muriti Mauritia

flexuosa L.f. Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) No data cylinder 2.5 7 137 149 1.1 fruit is covered with hard, shiny, brownish

-red scales Rough or

Hairy

### Page **64** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Nicobar

breadfruit Pandanus

leram Jones ex Fontana Pandanaceae No data sphere 22.5 15 47689 6359 0.1 >1,000 phlanges Rough or Hairy
Pandanus Pandanus utilis

Bory Pandanaceae Florida, Southern California sphe re 15.25 30.5 14848 2921 0.2 wedge

- shaped phlanges Rough or

Hairy Pineapple Ananas

comosus (L.) Merr. Bromeliaceae Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Virgin Islands sphere 15 60 14130 2826 0.2 rough Rough or Hairy Pitahaya Hylocereus

polyrhizus Cactaceae No da ta cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy
Pitaya Hylocereus sp.

Including H. megalanthus, H. ocamponis and H. polychizus Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy
Pitaya Amarilla Hylocereus

triangularis Cactaceae No dat a cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy Pitaya Roja Hylocereus

ocamponis Cactaceae Puerto Rico cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy Pitaya, Yellow Hylocereus

megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Ralf Bauer Cactaceae No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 knobby Rough or Hairy

### Page **65** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surf** **ace Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture**  Poshte Annona

liebmanniana Baill. Annonaceae Experimental species grown in Florida sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 raised edges that form a hexagon Rough or

Hairy

Prickly pear Opuntia ficus

indica (L.) Mill
. Cactaceae California, Arizona, Texas, Hawaii; grown widely in home gardens and widely cultivated and naturalized in small commercial plantings in southwestern and southern U.S cylinder 4.5 10 636 410 0.6 spines and glochids Rough or

Hairy

Prickly pear, Texas Opuntia

engelmannii Salm

- Dyck ex Engelm. var. lindheimeri (Engelm.) B. D. Parfitt & Pinkava Cactaceae Oklahoma, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, California, Arizona, and Texas cylinder 3 9 254 226 0.9 spines and glochids R ough or

Hairy

### Page **66** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Text**  **ure**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Pulasan Nephelium

ramboutan

- ake (Labill.) Leenh. Sapindaceae extreme South Florida, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico cylinder 3 7.5 212 198 0.9 thick, leathery covered with short thick fleshy stubby straight spines Rough or

Hairy

Ramb utan Nephelium

lappaceum L. Sapindaceae Hawaii cylinder 2 8 100 126 1.3 covered with long, curling soft spines or tubercles and long, fleshy, soft, rigid, red, pinkish or yellow spine/hair Rough or

Hairy

Saguaro Carnegiea

gigantea (Engelm.) Britton & Rose Cactaceae Southwestern United States (Arizona, California). Gro wn from extreme southeastern California east to south central Arizona and south into northern Sonora cylinder 4 10 502 352 0.7 skin is spiny Rough or Hairy

### Page **67** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropi cal and Subt** **ropical Fruit , Inedible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Salak Salacca zala cca

(Gaertn.) Voss Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 scales with spines Rough or Hairy

Sapodilla Manilkara

zapota (L.) P. Royen Sapotaceae Florida (12 hectares (30 acres)

- 1995), Guam, Hawaii (2 growers, 11 trees and 0.4 hectares (1 acre)), southern California, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. Florida produces annual yields of 20 to 30 tonnes (22 to 33 tons) per hectare sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 rough covered with light brown scruf Rough or

Hairy

Sapote, mamey Pouteria

sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn Sapotaceae South Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 6 23 2600 1093 0.4 peel is rough, leathery, semi woody, scurfy Rough or

Hairy

Screw
- pine Pandanus

tectorius Parkinson Pandanaceae Hawaii; American Samoa sphere 2.55 5.1 69 82 1.2 wedge

- shaped phlanges, peel is dry or hard Rough or

Hairy

### Page **68** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(c m)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Soncoya Annona

purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal Annonaceae Puerto Rico sphere 10 20 4187 1256 0.3 skin coated with brown felt, protuberances tipped with a curved hook Rough or

Hairy

Soursop Annona

muricata L. Annonaceae Puerto Rico, Florida, Hawaii cylinder 7.5 35 6182 2002 0.3 thin, fragile, leathery, tender, bitter, covered in recurred, stubby or elongated soft spines Rough or

Hairy

Sugar apple Annona

squamosa L. Annonaceae Florida, Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 thick rind with knobby protuberances Rough or

Hairy

Sun Sapote Licania

platypus (Hemsl.) Fritsch Chrysobalanaceae Florida, Hawaii cylinder 7 20 3077 1187 0.4 thin, warty, fibrous and covered with white lenticels Rough or

Hairy

Abiu Pouteria

caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk Sapotaceae Florida; no yi eld data is available sphere 5 12 523 314 0.6 Skin of mature fruit is smooth, thin, tough, leathery Smooth

Akee apple Blighia sapida

K.D. Koenig Sapindaceae Florida; no yi eld data is available cylinder 2.5 10 196 196 1.0 The skin is smooth, shiny to waxy and leathery Smooth

Avocado Persea

americana Mill. Lauraceae California, Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 7.5 33 5829 1 908 0.3 skin is thick, smooth or pebbled, thin or leathery Smooth

### Page **69** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **( cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Avocado, Guatemalan Persea

americana Mill. var. guatemalensis Lauraceae Coastal California sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth or pebbled Smooth

Avocado, Mexican Persea

americana Mill. var. drymifolia (Schltdl. & Cham.) S. F. Blake Lauraceae California; not suited to southern Florida sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth or pebbled Smooth

Avocado, West Indian Persea

americana var. americana Lauraceae No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smoo th or pebbled Smooth

Bacury Platonia

insignis Mart. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) No data sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 thick, tough, hard, smooth, leathery, elastic, and exudes yellow, gummy, resinous latex when bruised Smooth

### Page **70** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Banana Musa s pp. and

hybrids Musaceae Gro wn commercially in the U.S. in Hawaii, Guam, the Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico, with some small plantings in south Florida, Texas and California cylinder 2.5 30 589 510 0.9 The peel is smooth and thin. Smooth

Banana, dwarf Musa hybrids;

Musa acuminata Colla Musaceae No data cylinder 1.5 25 177 250 1.4 The peel is smooth and thin. Smooth
Binjai Mangifera

caesia Jack Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3.5 11 423 319 0.8 skin is very thin, smooth, glossy or slightly scaly Smoo th

Canistel Pouteria

campechiana (Kunth) Baehni Sapotaceae Very minor production in South Florida. In 1994, 0.4 hectare (1 acre) was grown; Puerto Rico; Hawaii; Southern California cylinder 2 12 151 176 1.2 peel is smooth, waxy or glossy and thin Smooth

### Page **71** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Descripti on**  **Peel Texture**
Cupuac ú Theobroma

grandiflorum (Willd. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum. Malvaceae (also

placed in Sterculiaceae ) No data cylinder 6 25 2826 1168 0.4 hard, smooth, woody Smooth

Etambe Mangifera

zeylanica (Blume) Hook. F. Anacardiaceae No data cylin der 2.5 6.5 128 141 1.1 thin with many tiny glands Smooth

Granadilla Passiflora

ligularis Juss. Passifloraceae Hawaii cylinder 3.5 8 308 253 0.8 smooth, thin, hard and brittle Smooth
Granadilla, Giant Passiflora

quadrangularis L. Passifloraceae Hawaii; grown occasionally in South Florida cylinder 7.5 30 5299 1766 0.3 Fruit can be faintly ribbed or longitudinally 3

- lobed Smooth

Jatobá Hymenaea

courbaril L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) Puerto Rico, Southern Florida cylinde r 3.25 17 564 413 0.7 pod is dull, hard and woody smooth

Kei apple Dovyalis caffra

(Hook. F. & Harv.) Warb
. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, Southern California, Puerto Rico sphere 3 6 113 113 1.0 The skin is tough, thin, and velvety S mooth
Langsat Lansium

domesticum Corrêa Meliaceae Puerto Rico, Hawaii sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 leathery Smooth
Lanjut Mangifera

lagenifera Griff. Anacardiaceae No data cone 3.75 10 147 176 1.2 smooth Smooth

### Page **72** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ro** **pical Fruit , Inedible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Lucuma Pouteria

lucuma (Ruiz & P av.) Kuntze Sapotaceae Florida, Hawaii, Southern California sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 skin is thin, delicate, smooth Smooth

Mabolo Diospyros

blancoi A. DC. Ebenaceae experimental gardens in Florida, Hawaii, and the Caribbean sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 skin is velvety, thin, pliable and tough; tough and papery when chewed; short hairs Smooth

Mango Mangifera

indica L. Anacardiaceae Florida, southern California, Hawaii, Puerto Rico cylinder 6 30 3391 1356 0.4 skin is waxy, smooth, thick, leathery and inedible; skin can contain a powdery bloom Smooth
Mango, horse Mangifera

foetida Lour. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 6 16 1809 829 0.5 smooth Smooth
Mango, Saipan Mangifera

odorata Griff. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 5 13 1021 565 0.6 Skin is thick, tough, and can be spotted with dark brown or yellow lenticels. Smooth

Mangosteen Garcinia

mangostana L. Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) There are a few small plantings in Puerto Rico, South Florida, and Hawaii sphere 4 8 268 201 0.8 fruit skin is smooth, dense, bitter, leathery, soft to woody, tough Smooth

### Page **73** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Sur** **face Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA**  **: M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture**  Paho Mangifera

altissima Blanco Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3 8 226 207 0.9 smooth and glossy Smooth
Palmyra palm Borassus

flabellifer L. Arecaceae (alt.

Palmae) Southern Florida, Hawaii; no yi el d data is available sphere 7.5 15 1766 707 0.4 outer covering of the fruit is smooth, thin, leathery and brown Smooth

Papaya Carica papaya

L. Caricaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, US Virgin Islands; Florida produces fruits for the local market; Hawaii is the main producer for the U.S. cylinder 15 45 31793 5652 0.2 smooth Smooth

### Page **74** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radiu s**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Passionflower, Winged

stem Passiflora alata

Curtis Passifloraceae No data cylinder 5 15 1178 628 0.5 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit Passiflora

edulis Sims Pas sifloraceae Hawaii, Florida, California, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, Western Samoa sphere 4.5 9 382 254 0.7 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit, Banana Passiflora

tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm

Niels. & P. Jorg. Passifloraceae Hawaii, California cylinder 2 12 151 176 1.2 smooth Smooth

Passionfruit, Purple Passiflora

edulis Sims forma edulis Passifloraceae widely grown in California as far north as San Jose, the Monterey Bay Area and the San Francisco Bay Area sphere 4.5 9 382 254 0.7 smooth S mooth

### Page **75** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Desc ription**  **Peel Texture** Passionfruit, Yellow Passiflora

edulis Sims forma flavicarpa O. Deg. Passifloraceae Hawaii cylinder 4.5 12 763 466 0.6 smooth Smooth

Pawpaw Asimina triloba

(L.) Dunal Annonaceae Northeastern; North

- central; Southeastern; South

- Central and Pacific Northwest. Yields are often low. cylinder 5 15 1178 628 0.5 smooth Smooth

Pelipisan Mangifera

casturi Kosterm. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 3 7.2 203 192 0.9 smooth and glossy Smooth
Pequi Caryocar

brasiliense Cambess Caryocaraceae No data cylinder 3 8 226 207 0.9 smooh Smooth
Pequia Caryocar

villosum (Aubl.) Pers. Caryocaraceae No data cylinder 4.5 8 509 353 0.7 smooth Smooth

Persimmon, American Diospyros

virginiana L. Ebenaceae Northeastern U.S. ; North central ; S outheastern ; and Sout h

Central U.S. sphere 2.55 5.1 69 82 1.2 smooth Smooth

### Page **76** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max Height**  **(cm) Est** 

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Plantain Musa x

paradisiaca L. Musaceae Pla ntains are produced in Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands; some production occurs in Florida cylinder 2.5 30 589 510 0.9 smooth Smooth

Pomegran at e Punica

granatum L. Lythraceae (also

placed in Punicaceae) Hawaii, California, Arizona, Florida sphere 6 13 904 452 0.5 smooth Smooth
Quandong Santalum

acuminatum (R. Br.) DC. Santalaceae No data sphere 2.5 5 65 79 1.2 smooth Smooth

Sapote, black Diospyros

digyna Jacq. Ebenaceae Minor Production in Florida (0.4 hectare (1 acre)), Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 6.25 15 1022 491 0.5 skin is shinny, smooth, thin Smooth

Sapote, green Pouteria viridis

(Pittier) Cronquist Sapotaceae Home gardens cylinder 4 20 1005 603 0.6 thin, smooth, glossy Smooth Sapote, white Casimiroa

edulis La Llave & Lex Rutaceae California, Florida, Hawaii cylinder 5.5 12 1140 604 0.5 thin, papery, smooth, inedible Smooth

Sataw Parkia speciosa

Hassk. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); als o placed in Mimosaceae No data cylinder 2.5 55 1079 903 0.8 pods are large, straight to twisted, swollen over seeds Smooth

### Page **77** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Subt ropical Fruit** **, Inedible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Na me**  **Family Production**  **US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max**  **Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Vol (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA :**  **M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Star apple Chrysophyllum

cainito L. Sapotaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 5 10 523 314 0.6 peel is inedible , thick, rubbery, glossy, smooth, leathery Smooth

Tamarind

- of

the

- Indies Vangueria

madagascarien sis J. F. Gmel. Rubiaceae No data sphere 2.25 48 64 1.3 skin is smooth, shiny and tough Smooth

Wild loquat Uapaca

kirkiana Müll. Arg. Phyllanthaceae; (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae, Uapacaceae) No data cylinder 2 4 50 75 1.5 skin is tough, finely haired when young and smooth when ripe Smooth

### Page **78** ATTACHMENT 2 . SYMPOSIUM PROPOSAL

### Page **79**

### Tropical/Subtropical Tree and Small Fruits

(Edible and Inedible Peels)

Wo rkgroup # 4

IR
-4/USDA Crop Grouping Symposium

7
- 8 October 2002 Arlington, Virginia

Chair: Michael Braverman Co
- Chairs: Jonathan Crane, Nancy Dodd, Wi ll Donovan, Edith Lurvey, Maria Rodriguez W orkgroup #4’s mission was to review, evaluate and validate the established Crop Group #10, and the proposed Crop Groups D, E and M to include additional Crops. **Note: The established Crop Groups reflected the US EPA ’s 40 CFR 180.41, Health C**  **anada’s Pest Management Regulatory** 

**A gency**  **’s Directive 98 -** **02, and Mexico’s crop Grouping Sy stem w**  **hich are identical.**

### Page **80 Proposed Crop Group D: Tropical and Subtropical Fruits**  **– Edible Peel**  **Current Crop Group US = Miscellaneous Canada = None Codex**  **= FT Mexico = None Au**  **thor’s Commodity List (Greenbook) Greenbook monograph number follows the crop name**  **Validation: Yes or No**  Acerola (003) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY* Y Am barella (017) INEDIBLE PEEL. AVOCADO, BANANA, PAPAYA NO. MOVE TO CG E Blimbe (075) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Carob bean (127) FIG Y Cashew apple (130) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) (305, 306) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Date (220) FIG Y Fig (243) FIG Y Guava (2 73) GUAVA Y Imbu (294) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Jaboticaba (298) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Jujube (305, 306) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Jujube/Indian (306) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Natal plum (402) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Olive (418) (MOVE TO OILSEED) NO Otaheite gooseberry (431) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Papaya/Mountain (438) PAPAYA Y Pejibaye
- Peach palm ( Guilielma gasipaes=Bactris gasipaes ) (432) FIG Y Persimmon (468) GUAVA Y Pom erac (487) GUAVA/PERSIMMO N Y Purple mombin ( Spondias purpurea L.) (017) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Rose apple (514) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Sentul (541) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Starfruit (578) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Surinam cherry

(589) GUAVA/PERSI MMON Y Yellow mombin ( Spondias mombin L.) (017) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y **See Work sheets for additions to proposed Crop Group D** 

### *Caps (crops) signify

the representative crop(s) associated with the entry

.

### Page **81**

**Proposed Subgroups for Group D WENT CROP BY CROP (**  **AB OVE) A** **ND A DDED TO GROUP**  **Proposed Subgroup: Da Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Guava and Raisin Acerola; Ambarella; Blimbe; Carob bean; Cashew apple; Date; Fig; Guava; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jujube;

Jujube/Indian; Natal plum; Olive; Otaheite goosebe rry ; Papaya/Mountain; Persimmon; Pomerac; Rose apple; Sentul; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Noni; Purple mombin; Yellow mombin; Chinese jujube; Bignay NO* **Proposed Subgroup: Db Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Raisin Olive; Fig; Date; Carob bean **NO*** **Proposed Subgroup: Dc Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Guava Acerola; Ambarella; Blimbe; Carob bean; Cashew apple; Guava; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jujube; Jujube/Indian; Natal

plum ; Otaheite gooseberry; Papaya/Mountain; Persimmon; Pomerac; Rose a pple; Sentul; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Noni; Purple mombin; Yellow mombin; Chinese jujube, Feijoa; W ax Jambu; Passionfruit **NO***


### *SEE A **TTA CHED TABLES** 

### Page **82**

**Workgroup Worksheet** Workgroup #: ___4______________ Crop Group: D (Tropical/Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel) **Additions to Proposed**  **Crop Groups and Subgroups Common**  **Name Scientific Name**  **Group/SG Placement**  Rep Crop **Edible Part**  **Person(s)**

**Requesting Comments**  **Validate: Y/N**  D.1 Craboo Byrsonima crassifolia

(Malpighiaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit (edible peel) Mexico NANCE Cherry
- sized fruit eaten raw, etc. Y
D.2 Jamaica Cherry Muntingia calabura

(Elaeocarpaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit (edible peel) IR
-4 Panama berry Strawberry Tree Capulin Y D.3 Riberry Suzygium SYZYGIUM

luehmannii (My rtaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Clove flavor (spice) AI
D.4 Native Pepper Kunzea pomifera

(Leptospermaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Native apple (spice) MOVE TO SPICE D.5 Davidson’s Plum Davidsonia pruriens

(David soniaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) AI
D.6 Illawarra Plum Podocarpus elatus

(Podocarpaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Resembles a grape AI
D.7 Kakadu Plum Terminalia ferdinandiana

(Combretaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Resembles a

gooseberry AI D.8 Noni Morinda citrifolia

(Rubiaceae) D Guava Fruit M. Kawate (HI) Indian Mulberry Y D.9 Bignay Antidesma bunius

(Euphorbiaceae) Da JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman Y D.10 Cajou Anacar

dium giganteum (Anacardiaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman Y

### Page **83**

D.11 Guava Berry **My rciaria floribunda** 

(My rtaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman Y
D.12 Uvalha **Eugenia uvalha**

(My rtaceae) D Guava Fruit M. Braverman (Brazil) Y
D.13 Monos Plum Pseudanamomis

umbellifera (My rtaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (Puerto Rico) Y D.14 Jelly Palm Butia capitata

(Arecaceae) D Guava FIG Fruit (eaten fresh) M. Braverman

(Brazil) Y
D.15 Ch erry of the Rio Grande Eugenia aggregata

(My ricaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Brazil Y
D.16 Brazil Cherry Eugenia dombeyi

(My ricaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Size of cherry Y D.17 Pitomba Euge nia luschnatheanus

(My rtaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Y D.18 Black Plum Vitex doniana

(Verbenaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) African plum Y D.19 Apple Rose Rosa villosa

(Rosaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Leaves for tea

MOVE TO GROUP H AI D. 20 Akebia Akebua quinata

(Lardiz abalaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) AI D.21 Amra Spondias mangifera

(Anacardiaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) AI D.22 Appleberry Billardiera scandens

(Pis tiaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Australia AI D.23 Arkurbal Wi

llughbeia angustifloia (Apocynaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Kubal Madu AI

### Page **84**

ADDITIONS TO PROPOSED CROP GROUP D BY W ORKGROUP # 4 **Common Name Scientific Name**  **Group/SG Placement**  **Rep Crop**  **Edible Part**  **Person(s) Requesting**  **Comments Validate:**  **Y/N** SEA GRAPE COCOLOBA UVIFERA D JUJUBE J. CRANE Y CATALEYA GUAVA PSIDIUM CATTLEIANUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y COSTA RICAN GUAVA PSIDIUM

FRIEDRICHSTHALUANUM D GUAVA/PERSIMMON J. CRANE Y PUERTO RICAN GUAVA PSIDIUM

MICROPHYLLUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y WATERROSE APPLE SYZYGIUM AQUEUM D GUAVA J. CRANE Y
WA TERBERRY SYZYGIUM GUINEENSE D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y
LOQUAT ERIOBRYTA JAPONICA D JUJUBE 0R SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y AFRICAN PLUM VITEX DONIANA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y HOGPLUM AMBRA SPONDIUS PINATA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y PARA GUAVA BRITOA ACIDA D GUAVA/PERSIMMON J. CRANE Y HERBERT RIVER CHERRY ANTIDESMA

D ALLACHYAMUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y
GAOLNUT ANACOLOSA

FRUTESCENS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA SEE WI ERSEM A ARS LIST FOR SN, ETC. AI

BURMESE GRAPE KAPUNDUNG BACCAUREA SP. D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y
PALMYRA PALM BORAS SUS FLABELLIFER D FIG WI ERSEMA Y

### Page **85** PASSIFLORA + HYBRIDS D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y PHYLLANATUS EMBLICA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE D FIG WI ERSEMA Y PSIDIUM SP. + HYBRIDS D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y M IRACLE FRUIT SUNSEPALUM

DULCIFICUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y VELVET TAMARIND DIALIUM GUINEENSE D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y

DIALIUM INDUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y DILLENIA PHILIPPENENSIS D AI DISPYROS SP. D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y EUGENIA SPPS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y AISEN BOSCIA SENEGALENSIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y ALMONDETTE BUCHANANIA LANZAN D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y CHIRAULI
- NUT BUCHANANIA LAT IFOLIA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y CIRUELA VERDE BUNCHOSIA ARMENIACA D GUAVA WI ERSEMA Y CHINESE WH IT E OLIVE CANARIUM SP. D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y KARANDA CARISSA CARANDAS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y EGYPTIAN CARISSA CARISSA EDULIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y COCO PALM CRYSOBALANUS ICACO D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y WA MPI CLAUSENA LANSIUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y JAVA PLUM SYZYGIUM CUMINI D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y TA MARIND OF THE ANDES VANGUERIA

MADAGASCARIENSIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y TALLOW OOD XIMENIA AMERICANA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y

### Page **86 Rep. Crop**  **Commodities Comments**  Tropical fruit Lychee,

Banana, Pineapple, Guava or Persimmon (Japanese) Jujube or Surinam Cherry Sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw,

Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annona and their hybrids, lychee, longan, Spanish lime, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, pa paya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pom egranate, green sapote, Binjai, Wh ite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilk ara hexandra , Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), Avocado, Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus, Jujube, Chin ese jujube, Indian jujube, Surinam cherry (All Eugenia spp. and their hybrids), Acerola, Jaboticaba, Purple mombin, Yellow mo mb in, Governor’s Plum, Imbe, Craboo, Jamaica cherry , Bignay, Cajou, Guava berry, Monos plum, Cherry of the Rio Grande, Brazil che rry , Pitomba, Black plum (Vitex doniana), Abyssinian Gooseberry, Ce yl on Gooseberry, Vitex doniana, Florida gooseberry, Kei apple, Maya breadfruit, Chinese white olive, Karanda, Eg yptian carissa, Coco plum, Wa mp i, Aisen, Almondette, Chirauli nut, Galonut, B urmese grape, Kapundung, Phyllanthus emblica, Miracle fruit, Velvet tamarind, Dialium indum, Java plum, Tamarind of the Andes, Tallowood, W aterberry, Loquat, African plum, Hog plum or Ambra, Herbert river cherry, Seagrape, Cattley guava, Puerto Rican Guava, Figs, dates, carob bean, Pejibaye
- Peach palm, Jelly palm, Sataw, Tamarind and other Palmae fruit, Salak, Palm yra palm fruit, Toddy palm fruit, Pithecellobium dulce

### Page **87** A.Tropical fruit inedible peel subgroup Lychee,

Avocado, Banana, Pineapple Sugar app le, cherimoya, atemoya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw,

Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annona and their hybrids, lychee, longan, Spanish lime, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, papaya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse ma ngo (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pom egranate, green sapote, Binjai, Wh ite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white s apote ( Casmiroa ) and hy brids of these. Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), Avocado, Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus Utilizes the smallest rough skin fruit to cover worst case residues plus the two largest consumption fruit to cover all tropical inedible peel fruit. Avocado is still included to cover California and to cover intermediate sized fruit. B. Inedible peel Sugar apple Subgroup Sugar apple Sugar apple, cherimoya, ate moya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw, Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annona and their hybrids Most crops in the Annonaceae; similar gross morphology. Inedible peel medium size fruit with rough skin C. Inedible peel Lychee subgroup Lychee Lychee, longan, Spanish lime, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, langsat All crops in the Sapindaceae; inedible peel small size fruit with rough skin (except Spanish lime) D. Inedible peel except Avocado and Banana subgroup Papaya Papaya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pomegranate, green sapote, Binjai, W hite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hy brids of these. All crop have inedible peel; smooth skin most corresponds to Codex classification E. Inedible peel smooth skin except Papaya and Banana subgroup Avocado Avocado, black sapote, star apple, canistel, mamey sapote, mango, , horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) papaya, sapodilla, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen Pom egranate, green sapote , Binjai, W hite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. NOTE: mamaey sapote and sapodilla do not have a smooth peel, it is scurfy

. All crop have inedible peel; smooth skin most corresponds to Codex classification

### Page **88** F. Inedible peel smooth skin except Avocado and Papaya subgroup Banana Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), black sapote, star apple, canistel, ma me y sapote, mango, , horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) papaya, sapodilla, green sapote, Ambarella , ,M am ey apple, Mangosteen Pom egranate, Binjai, Wh ite star apple, Satinleaf, , Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. NOTE: mamaey sapote and sapodilla do not have a smooth peel; it is scurfy. All crop have inedible peel; smo oth skin most corresponds to Codex classification
G. Inedible peel Large aggregate fruit subgroup Pineapple Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus All crop have rough, bum py , inedible peel

H. Inedible peel Large aggregate fruit subgroup (except pineapple) Jackfruit Jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus All crop have inedible peel. Does not include pineapple and is for situations where t he use pattern for pineapple does not fit the other crops in the group. I. Edible peel Guava/ Persimmon subgroup Guava or

Persimmon (Japanese) Guava, Para Guava, Costa Rican Guava(All Psidium spp. and their hybrids),

feijoa, jaboticaba, wax jambu, star fruit, passion fruit, ( All Passiflora spp. and their hy brids), Japanese persimmon, common persimmon (All Diospyros spp. and their hy brids), Blimbe, Cashew apple, Imbu, Natal plum, Otaheite gooseberry, Mountain papaya, Pomerac, Rose apple, Sentul, Marmal adebox, Naranjilla, Noni, Uvalha, Lucmo, Gandaria, Maprang, Mabolo, Ciruela verde, W ater Rose apple Prim arily edible peel; note/peel rarely contaminates Passiflora spp. during juicing sm ooth skin medium size fruit J. Edible peel Jujube /Surinam cherry s ubgroup Jujube or

Surinam Cherry Jujube, Chinese jujube, Indian jujube, Surinam cherry (All Eugenia spp. and their hy brids), Acerola, Jaboticaba, Purple mombin, Yellow mombin, Governor’s Plum, Imbe, Craboo, Jamaica cherry , Bignay, Cajou, Guava berry, Mo nos plum, Cherry of the Rio Grande, Brazil cherry, Pitomba, Black plum (Vitex doniana), Abyssinian Gooseberry, Ceylon Gooseberry, Florida gooseberry, Kei apple, Maya breadfruit, Chinese white olive, Karanda, Egyptian carissa, Coco plum, Wa mp i, Aisen, Alm o ndette, Chirauli nut, Galonut, Burmese grape, Kapundung, Phyllanthus em blica, Miracle fruit, Velvet tamarind, Dialium indum, Java plum, Tamarind of the Andes, Tallowood, Wa terberry, Loquat, African plum, Hog plum or Ambra, Herbert river cherry, Seagrape, C attley guava, Puerto Rican Guava, star fruit, wax jambu All crops have edible peel or peel used in processing. Small, sm ooth skin

### Page **89** K. Palm and low m oisture fruits subgroup Fig Figs, dates, carob bean, Pejibaye
- Peach palm, Jelly palm, Sataw, Tamarind , Sa lak, Palm yra palm fruit, Toddy palm fruit, Pithecellobium dulce and all other fruit of the family

Palmae Fruit of low moisture

### ATTACHMENT 3

. REFERENCES

Kenaga, E.E. Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides, Academic Press, NY, 1972. Machlachlan, D.J. and D. Hamilton. A New T ool for the Evaluation of Crop Residue Trail D ata (day

-zero -plus decline). Food Additives and Contaminants, Vol. 27 (3), p 347

- 364, 2010. Ripley, B.D., G.M. Ritcey, C.R. Harris, M.A. Denomme and L.I. Lissemore, Comoparative P ersistence of Pesticides on Selected Cultivars of Specialty Vegetables, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 51, p 1328

- 1335, 2003. Schneider, B.A., How to Best Use and Develop Crop Groups, IR

-4/USDA International Crop Grouping Symposium Proceeding, October 7

- 8, 2002. Sundaram, K.M.S., Influence of Foliar Morphology and Crown Geometry on Insecticide Deposition and Dissipation Following an Aerial Spray over a Mixed Forest, Jour nal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes, Vol.26 (5

- 6), p 601

- 630, 1991.