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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

ANNUAL REPORT

FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1984

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Balboa, Republic of Panama

OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

From the Administrator

It is a pleasure to submit the annual report of the Panama Canal Commission, for fiscal year 1984, our fifth year of successful operation under the Panama Canal Treaty, and the year in which the Canal organization cele- brated the seventieth anniversary of the opening of the Canal.

The recession in maritime trade and the loss of Alaska North Slope ( ANS)

oil traffic combined to make fiscal year 1984 one in which all major elements

of Canal traffic declined. Nevertheless, the Commission continued to re- cover all costs from revenues in 1984, and ended the year with a small positive balance. This was due to effective cost-reduction efforts as well as to the

full-year effect of a modest toll rate increase in March 1983.

Looking to a future in which Canal traffic is expected to increase, and

taking advantage of current low traffic levels, management continued a

capital program including improvements difficult to accomplish at higher

levels of traffic such as channel dredging in the narrow Gaillard Cut where

the Canal passes through the continental divide. This year the Commission

also completed work on a new Tug/ Miter Gate Repair Facility and a new

Marine Traffic Control closed circuit television (CCTV) vessel surveillance

system. The latter will permit monitoring activity at critical locations along

the length of the Canal and result in a safer operating environment for
Canal users. Canal equipment continued to be maintained at a high level or

replaced with technologically improved equipment as necessary.

Attention to the equally important human side of the enterprise, the key to the future of the Canal, is shown by the considerable resources which were dedicated

to training. Emphasis on training, in order to effectively increase participation by

Panamanians at all levels of the Commission, continued to receive priority attention. Panamanian citizens now comprise approximately 78 percent of the work force and are increasingly involved at all management levels.

Please be assured that we at the Commission will continue to meet the

challenges of the future in carrying out our mission of providing cost-effective, safe and efficient transit service to the maritime industry.

D. P. McAULIFF^^

Administrator.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Page

Organization Chart v, INTRODUCTION

Organization 1 The Canal I Tolls Rates 2 Board of Directors 3 Officials in the Republic of Panama 3 Officials in Washington, D.C 3 CHAPTER I-CANAL TRAFFIC

Traffic 5 Comparative Highlights of Operations 6 Commodities and Trade Routes 6 CHAPTER II-CANAL OPERATIONS

Transit Operations 13 Maintenance and Other Canal Projects 15 CHAPTER III-SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Logistical Services I7 Community Services Ig Sanitation and Grounds Management 18 Transportation Facilities 19 Public Utilities and Energy 19 Fire Protection 20 Canal Protection 20 Health and Safety 21 CHAPTER IV-ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Personnel: Force Employed and Rates of Pay 23 Equal Opportunity Program 24 Public Affairs 24 Ombudsman 25 Industrial Relations 25 CHAPTER V-FINANCIAL REPORT

Narrative Statement 27

Results of Operations 27

Capital Expenditures 27

III
CONTENTS

Financial Tables Page Table 1. —Balance Sheet 28 Table 2. —Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment 31 Table 3. —Statement of Changes in the Investment of the United States Government 32 Table 4. —Statement of Changes in Financial Position 34 Table 5. —Statement of Status of Appropriations 36 Table 6.—-Statement of Property, Plant, and Equipment 38 Notes to Financial Statements 39 CHAPTER VI—STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1975 through 1984 48 Table 2. —Oceangoing Commercial Traffic by Months —Fiscal Years 1984 and 1983 50 Table 3.—Canal Traffic by Flag of Vessel—Fiscal Year 1984 51 Table 4.—Classification of Canal Traffic by Type of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1984 54 Table 5. Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1984 57 Table 6.—Segregation of Transits by Registered Gross Tonnage-^Fiscal

Year 1984 58 Table 7.— Principal Commodities Shipped Through Canal by Fiscal Years ... 60 Table 8.—Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Atlantic to Pacific During Fiscal Year 1984 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 64 Table 9. —Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Pacific to Atlantic During Fiscal Year 1984 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 70 Table 10. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific 78 Table 1 1.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade RoutesPacific to Atlantic 96 Table 12.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1984 113

Other Statistics Table 13. —Water Supply and Usage 115 Table 14. —Dredging Operations 115 Table 15. —Electrical Power Generated 116 Table 16. —Fire Statistics 116

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INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION

The Panama Canal Commission is an agency of the Executive Branch of the United States Government, provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977,

and established by the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (93 Stat. 452; 22 U.S.C. 3601

et seq), enacted September 27, 1979. The authority of the President of the United States with respect to the Commission is exercised through the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Army. The Commission is supervised by a nine-member Board. Five members are nationals of the United States and four

are Panamanians. Board members who are U.S. nationals are appointed by the

President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Commission was established to carry out the responsibilities of the United

States with respect to the Panama Canal under the Panama Canal Treaty of

1977. In fulfilling these obligations, the Commission manages, operates, and

maintains the Canal, its complementary works, installations, and equipment,

and provides for the orderly transit of vessels through the Canal. The

Commission will perform these functions until the treaty terminates on De- cember 31, 1999, when the Republic of Panama will assume full responsibility for the Canal. The Commission is expected to recover through tolls and other revenues all costs of operating and maintaining the Canal, including interest, depreciation,

capital for plant replacement, expansion and improvements, and payments to the Republic of Panama for public services and annuities, in accordance with

paragraph 5 of Article III and paragraphs 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII,

respectively, of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. Revenues from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the U.S. Treasury in an account known as the Panama Canal Commission Fund. Appropriations for operating expenses and

capital improvements are enacted annually by the Congress and are limited to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund.

THE CANAL

The Panama Canal is a lock-type canal approximately 51 miles long from

deep water to deep water. The minimum width of the navigable channel is 500

feet. Navigable channel depth varies according to the amount of water available

in Canal storage areas. The normal range of permissible transit draft is from 38

feet to 39 feet 6 inches tropical fresh water.
2 INTRODUCTION

Vessels transiting the Canal are raised in three steps to the level of Gatun

Lake, the principal source of Canal water, then lowered to sea level again in three steps. The three sets of Canal locks are paired so as to permit simultaneous

lockage of two vessels in the same direction or in opposite directions. Since August 15, 1914, the official date of its opening, the Panama Canal has

served world trade virtually without mterruption. Through this fiscal year, a total of 638,033 vessels of all types have transited with 534,569 or 83.8 percent of the

total being of the oceangoing commercial class. TOLLS RATES

Panama Canal tolls rates were increased approximately 9.8 percent on March 12, 1983. Tolls rates are: (a) On merchant vessels. Army and Navy

transports, tankers, hospital ships, supply ships, and yachts, when carrying passengers or cargo: $1.83 per net vessel ton of 100 cubic feet of actual earning

capacity. Such tonnage is determined in accordance with the "Rules of Measurement of Vessels for the Panama Canal;" (b) on such vessels in ballast, without passengers or cargo: $ 1 .46 per net vessel ton; and (c) on other floating

craft: $1.02 per ton of displacement.

By treaty, the United States continues to provide to Colombia free transit through the Canal of its troops, materials of war, and ships of war.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Ending Fiscal Year 1984

Honorable William R. Gianelli, Chairman. Board of Directors Panama Canal Commission

2000 L Street. N. W.. Suite 550

Washington. DC. 20036

Honorable Luis A. Anderson

Secretary General

Inieramerican Regional Labor

Organization

Postal Box 7039 Mexico. D.F. 0600

Honorable Andrew E. Gibson

Short Hills. New Jersey

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Minister of Foreign Relations Panama. Republic of Panama

His Excellency Carlos Ozores

Vice President Panama. Republic of Panama

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Chief of Mission

U.S. Embassy

Buenos Aires. Argentina

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Honorable Fernando Cardoze

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr. Beaufort. South Carolina

Executive Committee

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Honorable Fernando Cardoze

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Honorable William Sidell Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr.

Cut Widening Feasibility Committee

Honorable Fernando Cardoze.

Chairman

Honorable Andrew Gibson

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Honorable William W. Watkin. Jr.

OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator Honorable D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Honorable Fernando Manfredo, Jr. OFFICIALS IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.
CANAL TRAFFIC

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Chapter I

CANAL TRAFFIC

TRAFFIC

All major elements of Canal traffic declined during fiscal year 1984 from the already depressed levels registered in the prior year. Tolls revenue, however,

increased due to the full-year impact of the toll rate increase implemented

March 12, 1983. The full-year effect of the loss of the Alaska North Slope

(ANS) oil and the continued recession in maritime trade through the first half of

the year were the major factors in the traffic drop experienced during the year.

Oceangoing transits in fiscal year 1984 decreased 3.9 percent to 1 1,384 or 31.

vessels daily from 1 1,846 or 32.5 daily the prior year. Vessels owned or operated

by the U.S. Government and free Colombian and Panamanian Government

vessels made 154 transits during the year compared with 139 transits in fiscal year 1983.

Growth in ship size was not evident during fiscal year 1984, as a result of a

decline in transits by large tankers and PANA MAX size vessels carrying grains

and coal. Transits by vessels having beams of 80 feet and over accounted for 5,496 or 48.3 percent of total oceangoing transits compared with 5,869 or 49.5 percent of total oceangoing transits in the prior year. In fiscal year 1984, vessels having beams of 100 feet and over declined 8.5 percent to 2,170 or 19.1 percent of total oceangoing transits from 2,371 or 20 percent of total oceangoing transits

in fiscal year 1983. Average size of oceangoing commercial transits, in terms of Panama Canal net tonnage, also declined slightly. Oceangoing commercial

vessels averaged 14,461 Panama Canal net tons in fiscal year 1984 compared

with 14,485 in 1983.

Total Panama Canal net tonnage dropped 4.0 percent to 163.8 million in fiscal year 1984 from 170.7 million tons in the prior year. Despite the decline in Panama Canal net tonnage, tolls revenue rose 0.5 percent to $289.2 million from

the $287.8 million of the prior year. A two-year summary of the principal elements of Canal traffic and tolls revenue is shown in the following table:
6 CANAL TRAFFIC

COMPARATIVE HIGHLIGHTS OF OPERATIONS

Fiscal year

Oceangoing transits: Commercial 1 1.230 1 1,707 U.S. Government 137 125 Free [7 14 Total 11,384 11,846 Daily average 31.1 32.5

Small transits: Commercial 802 810

U.S. Government 24242

Free 96 56

Total 1,139 1,108

Total cargo: Commercial 140,471,470 145,591,428

U.S. Government 329,607 354,878

Free 59 2.512 Total 140.801,136 145,948,818

Total Panama Canal net tons and reconstructed displace- ment tonnage 163,833,038 170,655,341

Transit revenue: Commercial tolls $286,754,765 $286,057,692

U.S. Government tolls 2,400,270 1,733.331 Tolls revenue $289,155,035 $287,791,023

Harbor pilotage, tug, launch, and other services 58.931.942 55.381.005 Total transit revenue $348.086.977 $343.172.028

COMMODITIES AND TRADE ROUTES

Oceangoing commercial cargo totaled 140.5 million long tons during fiscal 1984, with twelve key commodity groups accounting for 86.2 percent of that

total. The groups, shown on page 1 1

, have maintained relatively stable levels of importance to Canal traffic in recent years. In 1983, the proportion observed for these commodity groups was 88.4 percent. Despite the decline in crude oil movements, petroleum and products ranked as the principal commodity group in fiscal year 1984, accounting for 21.8 percent of

total oceangoing commercial cargo. Shipments of petroleum and products

totaled 30.7 million long tons, down by 9.4 percent from 33.9 million long tons

the prior year. Crude oil, which totaled 14.2 million tons, dropped from the 18.7 million long tons in fiscal year 1983 as a result of the full-year effect of the loss of

the ANS trade. This decline was partially offset by the movement of petroleum

products increasing to 16.5 million tons from 15.2 million tons in 1983.
. PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 7

The second major commodity group in fiscal year 1984 was grain, accounting

for 20.0 percent of commercial cargo. Grain shipments totaled 28.1 million long

tons, showing a substantial 23 percent decline from the 36.5 million tons

registered in fiscal year 1983. Almost the entire drop in this commodity group was due to a sharp decline in the corn movement which offset a marked

improvement in the wheat trade. Corn shipments were down by 56. 1 percent to 9.5 million tons from the record 21.6 million tons reached the prior year. The

decline resulted from a diversion of U.S. corn exports to West Coast ports, a drought which severely reduced U.S. corn production, and increased competition from Canada, Australia, and Argentina —in part, as a result of the strength

of the U.S. dollar. The diversion of com exports to West Coast ports can be

attributed to a number of factors such as lower ocean rates from the West Coast

during the period, railroad contract haulage rates and the effect of the drought

last year in sections of the Midwest. The improvement shown by the wheat

movement, which increased by 60.7 percent to 9 million long tons from 5.6 million tons the prior year, was largely due to a resumption of U.S. exports to China. U.S. exports to China via the Canal increased from 1.9 million tons to 4.2 million tons in 1984. Rice, barley, and miscellaneous grains showed increases during the year while the remaining products in the group—soybeans, sorghum

and oats—reflected lower tonnages. Grain shipments from the U.S. to the Far

East constituted 74.0 percent of the total movement, with Japan, China, and

Taiwan being the principal destinations. Coke and coal, the third commodity group in Canal traffic, continued

depressed in 1984, dropping from the 10.7 million tons registered last year to 10 million tons. The group accounted for 7.1 percent of total oceangoing commercial cargo. The weak coal trade reflected a number of factors, including low

steel production levels in Japan, a declining U.S. market share in Japanese

imports, and an increase in the proportion of U.S. coal exports bypassing the Canal. Coal shipments to Japan totaled 5.5 million tons, or 55 percent of the

trade, and shipments to Taiwan and South Korea accounted for 2.3 million tons, or 23 percent of the coal and coke commodity group. The coal bypass

movement via the Cape of Good Hope this year was 45 percent of the total U.S.

East Coast coal shipped to the Far East, compared with 40 percent in fiscal year

1983. With the exception of canned and refrigerated foods, which declined by 2.9 percent to 3.3 million tons, all other major commodity groups experienced gains

during the year. One notable improvement was the increase shown by manufactures of iron and steel which had been registering annual declines during the

last few years. This commodity group totaled 7.3 million long tons, increasing by

40.4 percent over the prior year. Nitrates, phosphates, and potash increased by

5.3 percent to 9.9 million tons; ores and metals rose by 8.8 percent to 8.7 million

tons; lumber and products was up by 8.5 percent to 6.4 million tons; miscellaneous agricultural products increased by 3.7 percent to 5.6 million tons; chemicals and petroleum chemicals rose by 4.0 percent to 5.2 million tons;
8 CANAL TRAFFIC

miscellaneous minerals increased by 18.2 percent to 3.9 million tons; and

machinery and equipment rose by 10.0 percent to 2.2 million tons. Trade between the East Coast of the United States and Asia continued to dominate Canal traffic, with nearly 39.3 percent of the total commercial cargo moving over this route. The total cargo tonnage plying the U.S. East Coast-Asia

route declined again this year, however, from 60.3 million long tons to 55.2

million tons, a drop of 8.5 percent. The following chart and table show the principal commodity groups moving in oceangoing commercial vessels in 1984 and a comparison of the major trade

routes in fiscal years 1984 and 1983.
PANAMA CANAl COMMISSION

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12 CANAL OPERATIONS
Chapter II

CANAL OPERATIONS

Canal operations are comprised of Transit Operations and Maintenance and

Related Canal Projects. The various functions are divided among a number of

operating bureaus within the Canal agency. TRANSIT OPERATIONS

Daily average transits by oceangoing vessels decreased from the 32.5 per day

during fiscal year 1983 to 31.1 per day during fiscal year 1984. Average time in Canal waters increased from 20.1 hours in fiscal year 1983 to 23.3 hours in fiscal year 1984.

Fiscal rear 1984

1983 1982

1981 1980 1979The number of vessels transiting at more than 36-foot drafts remained

about the same during FY 1984 with 1,716 such vessels transiting the Canal.

The maximum allowable draft remained at 39 feet 6 inches during the entire

fiscal year. Total jobs performed by Commission tugs decreased from 35,454 in fiscal year 1983 to 33,796 in fiscal year 1984.

Fiscal year

Vessels of 600-fooi

length and over

Percent of total oceangoing

transits

Vessels of 80-foot beam and over

Percent of total oceangoing

transits 3,865 33.9 5,496 48.3 4,157 35.1 5,869 49.5 5,534 39.1 7,226 51.1 4,855 34.7 6,364 45.5 4,598 33.8 6,089 44.7 4,089 31.3 5,503 42.1

' 1984 1983 ' Oceangoing transits II ,384 1 1 ,846 Tug jobs: Balboa 23,242 24,044

Cristobal 10,554 1 1,410 Tug operating hours 55,675 57,249

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14 CANAL OPERATIONS H o < c

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 15 MAINTENANCE AND RELATED CANAL PROJECTS

During FY 1984, Canal dredging activities were dedicated primarily to

intensified efforts on the channel-deepening project. At the beginning of

fiscal year 1984, approximately one third of the Canal channel required

deepening to about 37 feet above sea level. During the year, the Dredges

Miticii and R. M. Christensen excavated nearly 3 million cubic yards of

earth and rock, leaving only ten percent of the channel-deepening project

uncompleted. This project is expected to be completed early in CY 1985. In other dredging-related maintenance work, the overhaul of the dipper

dredge Cascadas was completed at the Industrial Division's Mount Hope

facility. in conjunction with the $4 million Pedro Miguel Locks overhaul. Miter

Gates 62. 63, 64. and 65 were overhauled between November 1983 and

March 1984 for the first time in twenty years. Work performed by

Commission forces included renewal of miter and quoin bearing plates,

pintle and jaw bushings, bottom seals, strut arms and anchor castings. Much

of the work performed in the west chamber phase was similar to that done

earlier in the East Chamber, including lateral culvert clean out and

construction of a modified sill. Other overhaul and major maintenance work

included overhaul of Caisson No. I and continuing work on the

rehabilitation of locks locomotive tow track systems. During the fiscal year, with the installation of wingwall-knuckle pneumatic tire fenders and

conversion of the Machinery Transformer Room at Gatun from 240 to 480

volts, these projects were completed at all locks. Extensions to each side of the Locomotive Component Repair Facility at Pedt^o Miguel Locks were added by private contractor forces. When fully

equipped and staffed, this facility's capacity to overhaul towing locomotive

traction units and windlasses will be significantly increased. Six locomotives were overhauled during fiscal year 1984, and ten to twelve units are expected to be overhauled during fiscal year 1985. A new design replacement runner (waterside prime mover), was installed

in the number 1 unit at the Madden Dam Power Plant. The older units regularly suffered from cavitation damage as a consequence of operation

with a greater-than-designed hydraulic head. The new design will reduce

recurring repair costs and also provide greater power output, at inter- mediate and lower lake levels, from the recently rewound and uprated

generators. Replacement of the runners in the remaining two units is expected to be completed in fiscal year 1985. At Gatun Dam, all fourteen

spillway gates were overhauled in place.

The contract to provide a modern Supervisory Control and Data

Acquisition System (SCADA) for electrical power dispatching is progressing. Factory acceptance tests are scheduled for completion in January

1985 and installation of equipment will begin in March 1985. Other
16 CANAL OPERATIONS

maintenance work, necessitated by the Mamei curve widening project,

included the erection of new towers for navigational aids, range targets and

lights.

Contract work on the construction of the new Tug/ Miter Gate Facility

at the Commission's Industrial Division in Mount Hope is complete except

for correction of deficiencies. The Commission took possession prior to

final acceptance of work under contract in order to be ready for the Gatun

Locks overhaul which was scheduled to begin during October 1984. Contract work on the Vessel Tie-Up Station was more than a year behind schedule when, in May of 1984, the contract was terminated and the Surety Company elected to complete the work. An experienced marine

works contractor was engaged to complete the project and it is now

progressing satisfactorily. The project is approximately 80 percent complete and should be finished by March 1985. The project to provide

Commission Marine Traffic Controllers with a closed circuit television (CCTV) system for improved vessel surveillance along critical sections of

the Canal has been completed and contractor work accepted.

Considerable miscellaneous maintenance work was accomplished as a

part of treaty-mandated housing actions resulting from the relocation of

transfer-of-function (TOF) Armed Forces civilian personnel and the movement of Commission personnel to core housing areas. Work on

houses being transferred to the Republic of Panama on September 30,

1984, was completed on schedule and included units in Santa Cruz,

Gamboa, Diablo and the Gavilan area of Balboa. The maintenance work

on these housing units was limited to ensuring minimum standards of

safety, serviceability, and sanitation.
Chapter III

SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Supporting operations of the Panama Canal Commission provided essential support services to the operation and maintenance of the waterway and the Agency's facilities, as well as to other U.S. agencies on the Isthmus and to employees and their dependents. These operations included logistical services, employee services, sanitation and grounds management, transportation facilities, public utilities, fire protection. Canal protection, health and safety, and library

services. LOGISTICAL SERVICES

The Storehouse Division provided centralized procurement, inventory management, warehousing, distribution, contract administration, supply and property disposal support to Canal operations. A total of $70 million in goods and

services were procured during fiscal year 1984, including $30.3 million from

sources in Panama. Major contracting activities included approximately $16.7

million in Bunker "C fuel for thermoelectric power generation, $7.8 million for

light diesel fuel, $3.4 million on a spud carriage system for the suction dredge

Mindi, $3. 1 million for two split-hull dump barges, $2.5 million for a harbor

towboat, and $1.0 million for premium gasoline.

Approximately $22.4 million in Commission inventory items were issued, and

$19.3 million was obligated for new inventory purchases during the year. A total inventory of 39,364 line items with an average landed cost value of $27,514,000 was on hand at year end. This represented a drawdown of over $6.0 million from

the previous year's level, representing high issues over purchases and an

aggressive excess stock program implemented during the year. The Excess Disposal Branch's activities included transfers to other U.S. Government agencies of equipment having an original acquisition value of approximately $862,000, while property sold to the Government of Panama at

fair market value amounted to approximately $134,000.

17
18 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

The Commission continues to participate under the Military Sealift Command's contract out of the Gulf port of New Orleans, LA. Approximately

12,700 measurement tons of containerized and breakbulk cargo were shipped to

the Port of Balboa under the contract. An additional 2,826 measurement tons of

general cargo and vehicles were shipped under a commercial contract with an

ocean freight transport service from the port of New Orleans to Las Minas,

Panama, without experiencing any major problems.

COMMUNITY SERVICES

During fiscal year 1984, the Community Services Division managed employee

housing. Commission-owned buildings, library services, and recreation facilities for the agency. Housing expenditures were concentrated on programs for enhancing quarters security, quarters energy conservation and preventive maintenance of aging quarters.

The Commission continued its multiyear housing management plan to concentrate its diminishing housing requirements in selected core housing areas. Implementation of the plan is enabling the Commission to utilize housing and

related maintenance resources in the most cost-effective manner, while at the same time to preserve optimum housing accommodations for its eligible

employees and to meet its responsibilities under the Panama Canal Treaty. A

significant milestone was passed with the cessation of the five-year period,

wherein certain civilian employees of the U.S. Armed Forces were entitled by the

treaty to reside in Commission housing. In preparation for this event, over 700

housing relocations were mandated during the year, including some 400 transfer- of-function employees of the U.S. Armed Forces. At year's end, the use of 680

housing units (498 on the Pacific Side and 182 on the Atlantic Side) was

transferred to the Republic of Panama.

The Library Services Branch is responsible for providing mission-support

information and research to all units of the Commission and maintaining a

special collection of library and three-dimensional materials relating to the

history of the Panama Canal. On April 2, 1984, the Commission library was

converted from a public library to a technical library, offering limited reference and research service to researchers and scholars and official service to the Commission.

SANITATION AND GROUNDS MANAGEMENT

Surveillance and control of biting insects and vermin capable of transmitting

disease were continued in the Canal area sanitation program with emphasis on

non-chemical control methods, such as drainage maintenance, in lieu of dispersement of chemical insecticides which stress the environment. Some 220

miles of surface water-drainage ditches were maintained to eliminate mosquito

breeding around employee housing and work areas. While the 1,290 acres of Canal dredge spoil lagoons offer potentially ideal breeding conditions, preventive

actions were successful in curbing mosquito infestations.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 19

About 3,000 acres of improved grounds were maintained in and around

Commission townsites. Commission buildings, and work areas. Vegetation

control for the maintenance of aids to navigation, survey markers, utility lines. Canal bank stability drainage systems, and the various dams on Gatun Lake was

continued by Commission forces. Grass cutting along utility line right of way was

accomplished by contract forces.

Efforts to control and eliminate migrating swarms of Africanized honeybees

continued. Commission and U.S. military bee control teams handled 741 cases

in fiscal year 1984, as compared to 670 cases the previous year. Twelve transiting

vessels required boarding by Commission bee control teams to destroy Africanized bee swarms in fiscal year 1984, while seven ships requested bee control

service during fiscal year 1983. These control efforts are important in preventing

the accidental ship transport of Africanized bees to noninfested world ports. Several incidents of severe stinging attacks have been reported from Panama

during the past fiscal year; however, none have occurred within populated areas where Commission bee control efforts have been directed. The Commission's sanitary landfill refuse disposal facilities handled 75,000

tons of refuse. Modest improvements begun last year were completed at the

landfills, including employee rest rooms, telephone service, and entrance security

fence.

TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

The Motor Transportation Division operated and maintained a consolidated

motor pool of 802 vehicles designed to meet the vehicular transportation

requirements of the Commission. The vehicle fleet in fiscal year 1984 included

547 trucks of various types, 199 passenger-carrying vehicles, and 56 special- purpose vehicles. Vehicle mileage decreased slightly from 7,501,000 miles in fiscal year 1983 to 7,170,000 miles in fiscal year 1984. Fully equipped shops, including a tire retreading plant and heavy duty repair shops, provide facilities for overhauls, maintenance and repairs to the Motor Transportation Division fleet and equipment of other Commission units. In addition, some services were

contracted out where they were available in required quantity and quality in Panama. The vehicle inspection facilities located within the Motor Trai;ifsporta- tion Division areas were used by the Government of Panama to conduct

inspections of privately-owned vehicles and by the Motor Transportation

Division to perform Commission vehicle inspections.

PUBLIC UTILITIES AND ENERGY

Panama Canal Commission facilities include electric power generation and

distribution systems, communication systems, water purification and distribu- tion systems, and a central chilled water air conditioning system for certain public buildings on the Pacific side.
20 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Total Canal area energy demand during fiscal year 1984 was 533 gigawatt

hours, a 5.9 percent decrease from the 567 gigawatt hours used last year. The

peak hourly demand of 84 megawatts reached on February 27, 1984, was 7.7 percent below the peak of 91 megawatts in the prior year. Agency-directed energy consumption in fiscal year 1984 for electrical power and fuel, calculated together

in Btu's, was reduced a total of 25.6 percent in relation to the fiscal year 1975

baseline established by the Federal Energy Management Program. Electrical power consumption by the Commission, of 68.8 gigawatt hours, was 7.4 percent

below the usage levels recorded for comparable operations in fiscal year 1975;

fuel consumption, excluding fuel for power generation, of 4.6 million gallons, was 40.4 percent below the corresponding 1975 fiscal year baselines. The water treatment and distribution systems operated by the Commission

provide potable water for the Canal area and areas of the Republic of Panama.

The Pacific side system serves the Canal area, Panama City, and suburban areas; and the separate Atlantic side system serves the Canal area, the city of Colon,

and suburban areas. During fiscal year 1984, the two systems supplied 3,062

million cubic feet of potable water to consumers, a decrease of about 0.5 percent

from the previous year. However, Panama City and suburbs consumpfion

increased about 1.0 percent to an average of 34.2 million gallons per day.

FIRE PROTECTION

The Panama Canal Commission Fire Division, in coordination with the Panama Fire Corps, is responsible for fire protection, fire fighting, and rescue operations in Canal operating areas, defense sites, civilian and military areas of

coordination, and shipboard fire fighting on all vessels in Canal Area waters. During fiscal year 1984, there were 563 fires (excluding ships), causing a loss of $384,952 as compared to 971 fires during fiscal year 1983 which resulted in a loss of $233,262. Although there were 17 fires aboard ships with losses amounting to $243,1 12 during this fiscal year compared to 14 ship fires and losses of $17,670

the year before, this increase in ship fires does not constitute a threat to the Canal. The Commission continued to upgrade its fire fighting capability, and

during fiscal year 1984 we initiated a 3-year program to upgrade our fire fighting

facilities at the locks. A variety of hazardous material type emergencies

totaled 26. CANAL PROTECTION

The Canal Protection Division provides a minimum essential level of physical

security for important installations and facilities of the Panama Canal Commission through the prevention and detection of theft, pilferage, and sabotage; and

the prevention of unauthorized use of Government property, equipment and

facilities. Division personnel are also responsible for the Commission physical

environmental protection function. Physical security improvements planned the previous year were begun. Approximately one third of the funds have been spent

and the remainder of the work is expected to be accomplished during fiscal year

1985.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 21 HEALTH AND SAFETY

The Occupational Health Division and the Safety Division are components of the Office of Personnel Administration. The Personnel

Director is the Designated Agency Safety and Health Official. During fiscal year 1984, the Commission experienced 675 performance of

duty accidents in which the employees required medical attention beyond first aid, as compared to 761 such accidents in fiscal year 1983. That experience

equates to an incident rate of 7.7 per 200,000 man-hours worked in fiscal year

1984 versus an incident rate of 9.5 in fiscal year 1983. Despite intensified safety awareness training and increased emphasis on the safety role and responsibilities of managers and supervisors, there were ten job-related fatalities recorded in

fiscal year 1984. Eight of the ten fatalities occurred in two separate accidents at the end of the fiscal year. An agency level Occupational Health and Safety Committee, comprised of

five labor and five management representatives, was established in fiscal year

1984. This committee, which has been certified by the Department of Labor,

serves to consult and advise on the operations of the Commission's occupational

safety and health program and to monitor its performance.

Chapter IV

ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

PERSONNEL

FORCE EMPLOYED AND RATES OF PAY

At the end of fiscal year 1984, the total Isthmian force of the Commission was

8,090 compared to 8,344 employees in fiscal year 1983. Of the total in 1984, 7,475 were permanent and 615 temporary. In addition, there was a U.S. Coast Guard

officer assigned to the Commission on the Isthmus. Fourteen persons, all U.S.

citizens, were employed by the Commission in New Orleans and Washington,

DC.

Approximately 78 percent of the total Isthmian force was comprised of Panamanians; 3 percent of third country nationals; and the remaining 19 percent of U.S. citizens. Rates of pay were based on a U.S. Wage Base for positions

normally filled by recruitment from the United States, on a Canal Area Wage

Base for occupational categories normally filled by recruitment on the Isthmus

prior to the treaty effective date of October 1, 1979, and on a New Wage System

for employees hired locally on or after that date. Effective January 1984, the first step of a plan to phase out the New Wage System eliminated one fifth of the

difference between the New Wage System and pretreaty wage schedules. Subsequent steps, in October 1984 and 1985, will eliminate the remaining

difference. The following table shows the Commission civilian permanent

Isthmian work force by citizenship and wage base.

NonFiscal Year 1984 t/.5. US. To,at Canal Area Wage Base 92 3,079 3, 17

U.S. Wage Base '.324 1,956 3.280 New Wage Base 68 956 _K024

Total 1.484 5,991 7.475

The total Commission payroll was $178.3 million in fiscal year 1984 compared

to $170.4 million in fiscal year 1983. Of the total Commission fiscal year 1984

payroll, $109.5 million was paid to non-U. S. citizen employees and $68.8 million

to U.S. citizen employees.

23
24 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM

Between the fiscal years 1983 and 1984, there was a significant decrease in the number of EEO complaints formally filed with the agency. A breakdown of formal EEO complaints filed on the basis of citizenship groupings between the two fiscal years follows:

Fiscal year

' 1984 I98J

' United States 4 4 Non-United. States 4 [0 Total" 8 14 The decline in the number of formal EEO complaints filed reflects that employees are beginning to utilize the negotiated grievance procedure (NGP) for

filing their complaints under collective bargaining agreements. While the Office of Equal Opportunity is not directly involved in the NGP process, pursuant to the Administrator's decision, the Office of EO does make inquiries for management into all grievances which include an EEO issue. In addition to the

eight cases investigated in FY 1984, two such in-depth inquiries were also conducted by the office. Panamanians continued to increase as a percentage of the total permanent

work force as follows:

Final year 1984 Fiscal rear 1983 United States ' 1,499 (20.0%) ' ' 1.646 (21.0%)

' Panama 5,790 (77.3%) 5.966 (76.0%) Third Country Nationals 201 (2.7%) 230 (3.0%)

There was little variation in the total permanent work force composition on

the basis of sex:

Fiscal vear 1984 Fiscal tear 1983 Female ' 774 (10.3%) ' ' 79! (10.1%)

' Male 6,716 (89.7%) 7,051 (89.9%)

Employment statistics for fiscal year 1984 reflect continued compliance with

treaty mandates. During the five-year period since October I, 1979, the Commission's total permanent work force decreased by six percent, while Panamanians on the rolls in permanent positions increased by approximately

five percent as of September 30, 1984. PUBLIC AFFAIRS

During fiscal year 1984, the Office of Public Affairs provided media coverage

of a number of significant events at the Panama Canal. The commemoration of

the seventieth (70th) anniversary of the Canal was accompanied by presentations of mementos and resulted in improved customer relations. Also noteworthy

were: participation in marketing activities, including international maritime

expositions; coordination of the visits of many distinguished visitors and guests

to the Canal; and providing assistance to news media representatives from all
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 25

over the world during the events surrounding the election of a new Panamanian

President and the end of the five-year treaty transition period.

The Graphic Branch provided support to the foregoing activities, as well as producing three new films, among which was a new pilot training film entitled "Filling and Spilling."

During the year, the Guide Service handled a total of 251,888 visitors at Miraflores and Gatuh Locks and conducted 818 tours of the locks facilities. Among those visitors were United Nations Secretary General, Javier Perez de

Cuellar, and numerous representatives of the international press, television and

the motion picture industry.

OMBUDSMAN

The Office of the Ombudsman, established by the Implementing Legislation

for the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, continued to respond to employee and

dependent complaints, grievances, and requests for information. Generally,

client traffic required the Ombudsman to investigate administrative problems,

inefficiencies, omissions, and policy conflicts caused within the Panama Canal

Commission and other U.S. Government agencies on the Isthmus as a result of

the treaty. However, the widest latitude possible was applied to problems

affecting employee morale and quality of life. During fiscal year 1984, over 2,670 requests for information and/ or assistance were recorded by the Ombudsman. As in the previous year, the majority of the Ombudsman's work concerned Commission employees and those employees

who were transferred with their functions from the Panama Canal Company/

Canal Zone Government to the Department of Defense. Regardless of the everchanging variety and scope of complaints and questions raised, the root cause remained the same, i.e., treaty stress and strain in the work place and in personal life. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

After several months of negotiation, the fifth and last original contract to be

negotiated for a bargaining unit under the Federal Service Labor-Management

Relations Statute (Title VII of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978) was

initialled by the Commission and the Maritime/ Metal Trades Council for the 166-member professional employee unit. The contract became effective on

April 11, 1984. Implementation of this contract extended the number of

Commission employees covered by collective bargaining agreements to 7,913, or

97.6 percent of the work force. Also, the first contract to be negotiated under Title VII in the Commission, the Panama Canal Pilot Unit contract which became effective on January 2, 1981. was renegotiated during the period February 8 through

April 9, 1984. The tentative agreement reached on April 9 failed to be

ratified by a majority vote of the union membership. After a further attempt
26 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

at mediation failed, the Federal Service Impasses Panel ordered one of its members to resolve the dispute by use of mediation-arbitration. The impasse

procedure is scheduled to take place during the first few weeks of fiscal year

1985.
Chapter V

FINANCIAL REPORT

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1984

The financial statements of the Panama Canal Commission, appearing as Tables I through 6, with accompanying notes, present the financial position of

the Commission at September 30, 1984, and the results of its operations for the

fiscal year then ended. The accounts and statements of the Panama Canal Commission have been

examined by the Office of General Auditor of the Commission and are subject to examination by the United States General Accounting Office. Detailed audit

reports of the United States General Accounting Office are directed to the Congress and are presented as Congressional documents.

Summary information concerning operating results and capital expenditures

follows: RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net revenue from operafions amounted to $6.8 million. Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977

subject to the limitations set forth in chapter 3, subchapter V, section 1341(bK2)

of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), the net revenue was

reduced by the fiscal year 1983 unrecovered costs of $4.1 million, leaving a balance of $2.7 million payable to the Government of Panama.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

Accrued capital expenditures for fiscal year 1984 amounted to $22.5 million. The principal expenditures were $4.6 million for construction of tug/ lock miter

gate repair facilities, $1.4 million for improvements to electrical power and

communication systems, $1.1 million for construcfion of the Tie-up Station, $ 1 .3 million for navigation improvements, $1.1 million for replacement of launches and launch engines, $1.0 million for replacement of turntables (locks), and $1.0

million for replacement of tugboats.

27
28 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 1.— Balance Sheet

Assets 1984 I9SJ Property. Plant and Equipment;

At cost (Note Ic) $888,551,801 $869,818,221

Less accumulated depreciation and valuation allowances (Notes le, 2 and 3) 420,152,474 402,676,579

468.399.327 467.141.642 Current Assets: Cash and fund balances (Notes 4 and 5): Deposit funds and undeposited receipts: Postal fund 151.542 158,657 Trust fund 521.421 1.132,860 Cash receipts for deposit into U.S. Treasury. . 917.191 282.793

1.590.154 1.574.310 Unexpended appropriated funds: Operating funds 46,185.064 45.222.217

Capital funds 28.986,025 28,5 1 7.883 Emergency fund 10.000.000 10.000.000 85.171.089 83.740.100

86,761,243 85.314.410

Accounts receivable 13,844.708 1 1.043.545 Other receivables (Note 7) 826.867 826.867

14.671.575 11.870.412

Inventories, less allowance for obsolete and

excess stock of $400,000 and $750,154.

respectively (Notes Ig and 6d) 40.718.200 42.010.283

Other current assets 262.627 354.383

142,413.645 139.549.488 Other Assets:

Deferred charges: Cost of early retirement benefits (Note 1 h) 293.400.000 3 1 2.960.000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees

of predecessor agencies (Note I h) 9.596.000 10.776.000 Other 408.213 612.319

303.404.213 324.348.319

Unrecovered costs due from subsequent revenues (Notes lb and 8) 4.132.804 303.404.213 328.481.123

Total Assets $914.217.185 $935.172.253

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

September 30, 1983 and 1983

29

Liabilities 1984 Investmfntofihe United States Government:

Invested capital: Interest-bearing (10.208% and 9.885%, respectively) (Note 9) $84,014,932

Non-interest-bearing 277,910,1 16 361,925,048 Current budgetary accounts (Note 4): Obligated operating funds 46, 1 85,064 Obligated capital funds I9'792!83

Unobligated capital funds 9J93J94

Unobligated emergency fund 10,OOo!oOO 85,171,089 447,096,137 Current Liabilities: Accounts payable:

U.S. Government agencies Government of Panama

Other

Accrued liabilities: Employees' leave

Salaries and wages

Cost of early retirement benefits (Note Ih) Retirement benefits to certain former employees of

predecessor agencies (Note I h) Employees' repatriation Ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 10) Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note II) Other

Other current liabilities: Unfunded ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 10) .

Advances for capital-unexpended (Notes Id and 12) Other

4,861,685

6,630,604

8,067,022

19,559,311

39,643,978

4,513,849

19,560,000

1,234,000

1,270,000 8,569,562

2,704,695 5,010,926

19,782,519

14,078,394 483,062

34,343,975

$108,905,590

268,748,245

377,653,835

45,222,217

18,031,685

10,486,198 10,000,000 83,740,100 461,393,935

3,914,323 6,205,923 4,708,282

14,828.528

38,075,806

6,124,362

19,560,000

1,364,000

1,457,000 9,818,560

2,432.361 82,507,010 78,832,089

17,890,038

13,231,035

1,114,088 32,235,161

136,410,296 125.895,778 Deferred Credit: Advances for capital being amortized (Notes Id, 6a and 12) 17,501,785 14,437,009 Long-Term Liabilities and Reserves:

Cost of early retirement benefits (Note 1 h) 273,840,000 293,400,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies (Note Ih) 8,362,000 9,412 000

Employees' repatriation 10,728,400 10,200,000 Lock overhauls (Note li) 5,395,232 7 607 574

Casualty losses (Notes Ij and 1 3) 1 2'383 J35 1 2'825!957 Floating equipment repair (Note 6c) 2,500,000 313,208,967 333,445,531 Total Liabilities $914,217,185 $935,172,253

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 31

Table 2.— Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1984 and 1983

Operating Revemips:

Tolls (Note lb) $289,155,035 $287,791,023 Advances for capital (Note Id) (4.078.000) Net tolls revenue 289.155.035 283.713.023

Other 120.1 14,444 I I 1.417,549 Advances for capital (Note 12) (4.853,615) (1.173.549) Net other revenue 115,260,829 110,244.000

Total operating revenue 404,415.864 393.957,023 Operating Expenses:

Payments to the Government of Panama (Note 1 I): Public services 10,000,000 10,000,000 Fixed annuity 10,000,000 10,000,000 Tonnage 49,143,817 51,190,136 69.143.817 71.190.136 Maintenance of channels and harbors 39.633.790 35,970.930 Navigation service and control 71.396.827 72.452.357 Locks operation 46.516.500 45.641.090 General repair, storehouse, engineering and mainte- nance services 10.538.895 9,625, 198 Transportation and utilities 35,607,259 42, 1 04,53

Housing operations 7,009,386 8,871,031 General and administrative 70,460,073 69, 126,899

Interest on interest-bearing investment (Note 9) 9,796,269 9,943,192 Other 37,475,549 33,164,463 Total operating expenses 397,578,365 398,089,827 Net Operating Revenue (Loss) (Notes lb, 8 and 1 1) ... 6,837,499 (4,132,804) Invested Capitai Non-Interest-Bearing:

Unrecovered costs (recovered) deferred (Notes 1 b and 8) (4, 1 32,804) 4, 1 32.804 Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note II) (2.704.695) Investment at beginning of fiscal year 268.748.245 258.5 11.310 Miscellaneous receipts deposited into the U.S. Treasury 282,793 576,536 Due U.S. Treasury for undeposited receipts (917,191) (282,793)

Interest on interest-bearing investment (Note 9) 9,796,269 9,943,192 Invested Capital-Non-Interest-Bearing at End of

Fiscal Year $277,910,116 $268.748,245

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
32 FINANCIAL REPORT

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34 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 4.— Statement of Changes in Financial Position

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1984 and 1983

Source of Funds: i984 i9sj From Operations: Revenue $404.415.864 $393.957.023

Less operating expenses:

Interest on interest-bearing investment 9.796,269 9,943,192 Payments to the Government of Panama

(Note II) 69,143.817 71.190,136 Other expenses 318.638.279 316.956.499

Total operating expenses 397.578.365 398.089.827 Net operating revenue (loss) (Notes lb. 8 and II) 6.837,499 (4,132.804) Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1983

(recovered) deferred (Notes lb and 8) (4,132,804) Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Notes lb, 8 and II) (2,704,695) Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1983 deferred (Notes lb, 8 and II) 4,132,804 Add transactions not requiring outlay of funds: Depreciation (Note le) 19,586,529 18,514,996 Provision for lock overhauls (Note li) 5,071,000 4,354,000

Provision for casualty losses (Note Ij) 7,400.000 3. 1 1 7.088 Provision for floating equipment repair (Note 6c) 2.500,000 Other 5,665.966 1.970.819 40.223.495 27.956,903 Change in investment of the U.S. Government:

Interest on interest-bearing investment 9,796,269 9,943, 192 Receipts deposited into U.S. Treasury (405,954,027) (398,461,068) Disbursements from appropriated funds 381.351.575 446.006.200 Repayment to the U.S. Treasury of the fiscal year 1980 appropriation lapsed (28.200.421) Net property transfers (288.206) (202.466) Other (634.399) 293.744

(15.728.788) 29.379.181 Amortization of advances for capital 941.478 919.71 1 Advances for capital being amortized (Notes Id. 6a and 1 2) 3.064.777 2.480.771 Total source of funds 28.500.962 60,736.566 Application of Funds:

Lock overhauls expenditures 7.283.342 5.040.623 Casualty losses 7.842.622 4.214.134 Accrued capital expenditures 22.456.349 21.704.598

Total application of funds 37.582.313 30.959.355 Increase (Dfcreasf) IN Working Capital $ (9.081,351) $29,777,211

Analysis of Changes in Working Capital:

Increase (decrease) in current assets: Cash $ 15,843 $ (185,931) Receivables 2,801.163 1.055.670 Inventories (1.292,084) 7.429.667 Other (91.755) 150.646

1.433.167 8.450.052 Decrease (increase) in current liabilities: Accounts payable (4.730.783) 21.268,127 Accrued liabilities (3.674.921) (555.681) Other (2.108.814) 614.713

(10.514.518) 21.327.159 Increase (Decrease) IN Working Capi I Ai $ (9.081.351) $ 29.777.211

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

36 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1984 and 1983

Source of Appropriations:

Operating funds: Current year operating appropriation $391,912,000

Obligated operating funds brought forward:

Fiscal year 1980 2,543,398

Fiscal year 1981 3,424,423

Fiscal year 1982 4,717,168

Fiscal year 1983 34,537,228 45,222,217

$405,378,634

23,684,912

5,623,556 45,131,545

74,440,013

437,134.217 479,818,647

Capital funds: Current year capital appropriation (no year) 21,813,000 29,024,000

Obligated capital funds brought forward:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal years 1981 through 1982

Fiscal years 1981 through 1983

273,632

17,758,053

358,549

15,347,121

18,031,685 15,705,670

Unobligated capital funds (no year) brought

forward:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal years 1981 through 1982

Fiscal years 1981 through 1983

201,847

10,284,351

599,957

5,118,488

10,486,198

50,330,883

5,718.445

50.448.115

Emergency fund (no year) 10.000,000 10,000,000

Total Source of Appropriations . $497,465,100 $540.266.762

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 37

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1984 and 1983

Application of Appropriations:

Operating funds: Expenditures from operating appropriations:

Repayment to the U.S. Treasury of the fiscal year 1980 appropriation lapsed

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1 982

Fiscal year 1983

Fiscal year 1984

886,097

1,167,815 2,326,651

29,-59 1, 407

326,034,746

$28,200,421

21,121,981

2,830,821 38,274,112 333,648,633

360,006,716 424,075,968

Obligated operating funds:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 1981

Fiscal year 1982

Fiscal year 1983

Fiscal year 1984

Unobligated operating funds lapsed

Capital funds: Expenditures from capital appropriations:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal years 1981 through 1983

Fiscal years 1981 through 1984

Obligated capital funds:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal years 1981 through 1983.

Fiscal years 1981 through 1984,

Unobligated capital funds (no year): Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal years 1981 through 1983,

Fiscal years 1981 through 1984.

Unobligated emergency fund (no year)

Total Application of Appropriations .

1,692,5.34 2,543,398 3,558,134 3,424,423 2,854,042 4,717,168

3,887,554 34,537,228

46,185,064 45,222,217

30,942,437 10,520,462

437,134,217 479,818,647

229,106 483,026

21,447,206

21,115,752

21,344,858 21,930,232

159,269 273,632

17,758,053 19,633,562

19,792,831 18,031,685

87,103 201,848

10,284,350

9,106,091

9,193,194 10,486,198

50,330,883 50,448,115

10,000,000 10,000,000

$497,465,100 $540,266,762

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
38 FINANCIAL REPORT

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 39

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Comptroller General of the United States approved the Accounting

Principles and Standards Statement of the Panama Canal Commission in

his letter dated September 14, 1982. A summary of significant accounting

policies follows:

a. Accounting and reporting. As required by section 1311(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1 979, hereinafter referred to as the Act, the accounts of

the Commission are maintained pursuant to the Accounting and Auditing Act of 1950. This requires that the principles, standards and related requirements be met, as prescribed by the Comptroller General of the United

States, after consulting with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director

of the Office of Management and Budget concerning their accounting,

financial reporting and budgetary needs. The Accounting and Auditing Act

of 1950 also requires that the accounts be maintained on an accrual basis.

b. Cost recovery. As required by section 1341(e)(1) of the Act, the application of generally accepted accounting principles to the Panama

Canal Commission, a United States Government agency comparable to a

rate-regulated public utility, determines the manner in which costs are recognized. The basis for tolls rates is prescribed in section 1602(b) of the

Act. This section of the Act, known as the "statutory tolls formula," provides

that:"Tolls shall be prescribed at rates calculated to produce revenues to cover as nearly as practicable all costs of maintaining and operating the Panama Canal, together with the facilities and appurtenances related thereto, including unrecovered costs incurred on or after the effective date of this Act, interest, depreciation, payments to the Republic of

Panama pursuant to paragraph 5 of Article III and paragraph 4(a)

and (b) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, and capital

for plant replacement, expansion, and improvements. Tolls shall not be

prescribed at rates calculated to produce revenues sufficient to cover payments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to paragraph 4(c) of

Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977." Under this statutory tolls formula, any unrecovered costs are to be

recovered from subsequent revenues. The amount for recovery from

subsequent revenues is transferred from Invested Capital to an account

within the Other Assets classification. Unrecovered costs are charged back

to Invested Capital to the extent subsequent annual revenues exceed annual

costs.

c. Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost, or if acquired from another United States Government

agency, at the value determined by the Director of the Office of Management
40 FINANCIAL REPORT

and Budget. Administrative and other related general expenses are recovered

currently and therefore not capitalized. The cost of minor items of property,

plant and equif^jment is charged to expense as incurred.

d. Advances for capital. A portion of tolls in excess of depreciation

recoveries may be programmed annually by the Board of Directors for plant

replacement, expansion, or improvements. Such funds are considered

capital advances from Canal users. Upon utilization, these advances are amortized through an offset to depreciation expense in an amount calculated

to approximate the depreciation on assets acquired with such advances.

e. Depreciation. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over

their estimated service lives at rates computed using a straight-line method

with additional annual depreciation, identified as composite, to provide for premature plant retirements.

The recurring costs of dredging the waterway are charged to expense. Non-recurring dredging costs for substantial improvements and betterments

to the waterway are considered additions to plant and are capitalized and

depreciated over their estimated service lives.

f. Accounts receivable. Uncollectible accounts receivable of the Panama

Canal Commission are recognized as a reduction in revenue when written

off. Any subsequent collections of Commission accounts receivable previously written off are recorded as revenue.

g. Inventories. Operating materials and supplies are stated at average

cost, plus cost of transportation to the ultimate destination on the Isthmus of

Panama. An allowance has been established to reflect the estimated cost of

obsolete and excess stock.

h. Retirement benefits. Employer payments to the contributory United

States Civil Service Retirement System and to the Republic of Panama

Social Security System are charged to expense. The Commission has no

liability for future payments to employees under these systems.

Non-United States citizen employees who retired from predecessor

agencies prior to October 5, 1958, are not covered by the United States Civil Service Retirement System but do receive benefits under a separate annuity

plan. Payments made under this annuity plan are recorded as a current year

expense. The liability of the Commission for future annuity payments to these former employees or their eligible widows is reflected in the balance

sheet as "Retirement Benefits to Certain Former Employees of Predecessor

Agencies" and an equal amount is recorded as a Deferred Charge.

As required by the Act, the Panama Canal Commission is liable for the

increase in the unfunded liability of the United States Civil Service

Retirement Fund which is attributable to benefits payable from that fund to, or on behalf of, employees and their survivors under the early retirement

provisions of the Act. The annual installment to liquidate the increased

liability is determined by the Office of Personnel Management.

i. Reserve for lock overhauls. A reserve is provided through an annual
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 41

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of periodic lock overhauls.

j. Reserve for casualty losses. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of marine accidents and other

casualty losses.

k. Housing use rights. No monetary value is assigned to the rights granted

to the United States Government by the Republic of Panama to use Canal

Area housing transferred to the Republic of Panama under the terms of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The cost to manage, maintain and provide

livability improvements to these quarters is charged to expense. Rental

income is included in other revenues.

2. Plant Valuation Allowances.

At July 1, 1951, certain valuation allowances for property, plant and

equipment transferred from the Panama Canal (agency) to the Panama

Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government were established, to reduce to usable value the costs of the assets transferred. At October 1, 1979,

such valuation allowances as were applicable to the assets transferred from

the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government to the Panama Canal Commission were carried forward and are comprised of: (a) $5.5 million at September 30, 1984, and $5.6 million at September 30, 1983,

to reduce to usable value the cost of property, plant and equipment

transferred; (b) $50.9 million at September 30, 1984, and 1983, to offset interest costs imputed for the original Canal construction period; and (c) $42.8 million at September 30, 1984, and 1983, to offset the cost of defense

facilities and suspended construction projects, the latter being principally the partial construction of a third set of locks abandoned in the early part of

World War II. Property, plant and equipment offset by valuation allowances, when fully or partially reactivated, are reinstated by a reduction in the valuation

allowance and by an increase to the non-interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in proportion to the value to the Commission of

the reactivated asset.

3. Depreciation as a Percentage of Average Cost of Plant. The provision for depreciation, expressed as a percentage of average cost of depreciable plant exclusive of valuation allowances, was 2.63% for fiscal year 1984 and 2.55% for fiscal year 1983.

4. Cash and Fund Balances.

As of September 30, 1984, the cash and fund balances of $86,761,243 are made up of $83,845,968 on deposit in the United States Treasury, $1 ,209,019 on deposit in commercial banks, and $1,706,256 on hand. Of the total, $85,171,089 is comprised of current budgetary accounts which include

appropriated funds for operations, capital and the emergency fund. As of September 30, 1983, the cash and fund balances of$85.3l4.410 were
42 FINANCIAL REPORT

made up of $80 ,72 1,975 on deposit in the United States Treasury, $1,647,360 on deposit in commercial banks, and $2,945,075 on hand. Of the total, $83,740,100 was comprised of current budgetary accounts which included

appropriated funds for operations, capital and the emergency fund.

The emergency fund represents the amount on deposit in the United States Treasury which is to be used". . . to defray emergency expenditures and to insure the continuous efficient and safe operation of the Panama Canal

when funds appropriated for the operation and maintenance of the Canal

prove insufficient for such purposes . . . ." The postal fund consists of outstanding money orders, postal savings and

interest accrued thereon. This fund will remain available until liquidated.

The trust fund primarily includes deposits made by customers for future tolls and other service payments.

5. Panama Canal Commission Fund.

The Panama Canal Commission Fund as established by the Panama

Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70) is made up of receipts deposited in the United States Treasury less appropriation warrants issued during the

fiscal year. The balance in this account, $171.2 million as of September 30,

1984, and $146.3 million as of September 30, 1983, is available for future appropriations.

Section 1302 of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70)

provides that all appropriations necessary to operate the Panama Canal

shall be issued from the Panama Canal Commission Fund. The appropriations for fiscal year 1980 were issued to the Commission from the General

Fund of the United States Treasury. The status of the amount still owed to

the General Fund of the United States Treasury for fiscal year 1980 is as

follows:

Miliums of Dollars Operating Appropriation $427.2

Capital Appropriation 36.6 $463.8

Repaid to General Fund (07/81) (350.0) Repaid to General Fund (12/82) (28.2) (378.2) Amount owed General Fund of U.S. Treasury as of September 30, 1984 $ 85.6

6. Accounting Changes.

a. Amortization of Advances for Capital (see Note Id) was implemented in

fiscal year 1983 based on the following procedure: At the beginning of each fiscal year, an amount equivalent to any capital advance funds disbursed for plant

replacement, expansion, or improvement during the previous fiscal year is reclassified and amortized over the average accounting life of assets acquired in the

fiscal year in which the funds were expended. Beginning in fi.scal year 1984 a new

method was adopted for amortizing disbursements based on the flow of costs from construction work in progress. Disbursements are amortized in proportion
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 43

to depreciation costs arising from completed projects transferred from

construction work in progress.

b. The intent of the lock overhauls reserve policy is to normalize costs directly related to the periodic repair and maintenance of the locks. Repair and

maintenance costs of caissons, which are used exclusively for lock overhauls, have

increased dramatically in recent years. To minimize significant fluctuations in results of operations, these costs are now charged to the reserve. In fiscal year 1983, $754,136 for repair and maintenance of caissons was charged to the reserve for lock overhauls.

c. During fiscal year 1984, a reserve was established for floating equipment

repair similar to the reserves now in existence for lock overhauls and marine

accidents. A one-time charge to expense of $2.5 million was made to establish the

reserve. The annual accrual will be reviewed and adjusted as appropriate.

d. Effective with fiscal year 1984, there was a change in the method of applying

the accounting policy for certain inventories. Inventories of manufactured

materials and supplies and water system chemicals valued at $1.3 million were

written off by a charge to operations in fiscal year 1984.

7. Other Receivables. Other receivables represent services provided in connection with ship accidents

for which the vessel is considered to be responsible awaiting final settlement. This

amount is also included in the computation of estimated liabilities established for ship accident claims.

8. Unrecovered Costs Due from Subsequent Revenues.

Pursuant to the provisions of section 134 1(e) and section 1602(b) of the Panama

Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70) the net loss of $4.1 million from fiscal year 1983 operations was recovered from fiscal year 1984 operating revenue.

9. Interest-Bearing Investment of the United States Government.

The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in the Panama Canal is determined based on section 1603(a) of the Panama Canal Act

of 1979. The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government at September 30, 1984, and September 30, 1983, was determined as follows:
44 FINANCIAL REPORT

Millions of Dollars Investment at September 30, 1982 $ 89.8

Fiscal year 1983 transactions: Disbursements $ 446.0

Receipts (398.5) Repayment to United States Treasury

of FY 1980 lapsed funds (28.2) Net property transfers (0.2) Net change 19.1 Investment at September 30, 1983 108.9

Fiscal year 1984 transactions: Disbursements 38 1 .4 Receipts (406.0) Net property transfers (0.3) Net change (24.9) Investment at September 30, 1984 $ 84.0

10. Ship Accident Claims.

Liabilities arising from ship accident claims are divided into fund and non-fund

categories. The fund category is made up of the following:

a. Accidents which occurred prior to October I, 1979.

b. Accidents which occurred within the locks after September 30, 1979.

c. Accidents which occurred outside the locks after September 30, 1979, for which the claim or estimated liability is $120,000 or less per ship per accident. Settlement of liabilities for ship accidents which occurred outside the locks where the claim exceeds $120,000 requires specific Congressional approval. Until Congressional action is completed, liabilities for these accidents are booked as non-fund.

11. Payments to the Government of Panama.

Based on Article III and Article XllI of theTreaty, theGovernment of Panama

has received payment for public services, fixed annuity and thirty cents per Panama Canal net ton. In addition lu these payments, an amount of $2.7 million is payable to the Government of Panama in accordance with paragraph 4(c) of

Article XIII, which states that an annual amount of up to $10 million will be paid out of operating revenues to the extent that such revenues exceed expenditures of

the Commission. This amount is subject to the limitations set forth in section

1341(e) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70).

12. Advances for Capital—Transit Booking System Fees. During fiscal year 1982, with approval of the Board of Directors, the Commission tested a system whereby shippers, for a fee, could make an advance

reservation for vessel transit. The system was activated in fiscal year 1983 and

generated funds of $ 1 .2 million and $4.9 million in fiscal year 1 984. Such funds are considered capital advances from Canal users. By direction of the Board of

Directors, these fees are set aside for capital improvements.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 45

13. Reserve for Casualty Losses. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1984, of $12.4 million includes

$1 1.8 million for marine accidents and $0.6 million for other casualty losses. The

monthly accrual for the reserve for marine accidents in fiscal year 1 984 was $0.3

million per month for a total of $4.0 million. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1983, of $12.8 million included

$ 1 2.5 million for marine accidents and $0.3 million for other casualty losses. As a

result of a management analysis of accident frequency and severity, the regular

monthly accrual of $0.8 million was adjusted downward to recognize in the reserve account balance the decreased loss trend for larger vessels and the reduced

potential loss exposure resulting from the significant drop in overall transit levels. Accordingly, the reserve for marine accidents was adjusted during fiscal year 1983

to maintain a balance of $12.5 million in the account.

14. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments.

In addition to recorded liabilities, the estimated maximum contingent liability which could result from pending claims and lawsuits was $3.4 million at September 30, 1984, and $9.8 million at September 30, 1983. In the opinion of management and Commission counsel, these pending claims and lawsuits will be

resolved with no material adverse effect on the financial condition of the agency. Commitments under uncompleted construction contracts and unfilled purchase orders amounted to $29.7 million at September 30, 1984, and $30.8

million at September 30, 1983. Of this amount $0.1 million in unfilled purchase

orders were prepaid as of September 30, 1984, and $0.2 million at September 30, 1983. In addition, the Panama Canal Commission is liable for an indeterminable

amount with respect to death and disability payments under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act. Cash and negotiable securities of a kind acceptable by the United States Government in the amount of $6.3 million were held by United States depositories

designated by the Panama Canal Commission at September 30, 1984, and $6.5

million at September 30, 1983, to guarantee payment by third parties of their obligations.

The Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, Article XIII, paragraph 4(c), provides that an annual amount of up to $10 million per year be paid to the Government of Panama out of operating revenues to the extent that such revenues exceed

expenditures. Payment to the Government of Panama is subject to the limitations

set forth in section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-

70). In the event operating revenues in any year do not produce a surplus sufficient to cover this payment, the unpaid balance shall be paid from operating surpluses

in future years up to the amount available from these surpluses. As of September

30, 1984, the balance contingently payable to the Government of Panama

amounts to $44.2 million. As of September 30, 1983, the balance contingently

payable to the Government of Panama amounted to $36.9 million.
46 FINANCIAL REPORT

15. Treaty Impact.

On September 7, 1977, the United States of America and the Republic of Panama signed the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The Treaty provided for the establishment of the Panama Canal Commission on October K 1979, to assume

certain operational responsibilities for the Canal until December 31, 1999. When

the Treaty terminates on December 31, 1999, the Republic of Panama shall assume total responsibility for the management, operation, and maintenance of

the Panama Canal, which shall be turned over in operating condition and free of

liens and debts, except as the two Parties may otherwise agree. The effects of these long-range requirements are not considered in the financial statements.
Chapter VI

STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics

47
48 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1975 Through 1984

Total traffic Traffic on net , assessed tolls tonnage basis

Traffic assessed tolls on displacement tonnage basis

Fiscal year

1975 1976 *TQ

1977 1978

1979 1980

1981

Number

of

transits Oci

13,609

12,157 3,037

11,896

12,677

12,935

13,507 13,884

Tolls TANGOING C(

$141,898,218

134,204,402 35,272,300

163,826,571

194,773,111 208,376,741 291,838,590

301,762,600 323,958,366

285,983,805 286,677,844

JGOING U.S.

$1,376,797 727,983

166,779 805,983

889,093

1,054,169 1,515,326

1,241,442

1,546,746

1,721,925 2,388,272

Free Ocea>

Total Oce/

$143,275,015

134,932,385 35,439,079

164,632,554

195,662,204 209,430,910

293,353,916

303,004,042

325,505,112 287,705,730

289,066,116

Long tons of

cargo 3MMERC1AL

140,101,459 117,212,266 30,888,300

122,978,785

142,518,288 154,110,866

167,214,935 171,221,762

185,452,332

145,590,759

140,470,818 GoVERNMEf

526,497

177,508 55,383 212,677

291,115 357,482

396,481 301,776

285,45

354,873

329,607

IGOING TrAI

Number Panama

of Canal net

transits tonnage Traffic'

13,565 135,053,680

12,123 127,778,919

3,031 33,686,757

11,868 133.353.132

12,647 156,907,260

12,902 167,470,601 13,476 182,063,175

13,847 188,656,491

13,976 202,884,207

11,668 169,503,918

11,199 162,334,838

<j Traffic'

148 1,287,777 68 641,137

13 118,300 59 577,483 70 589,085 80 726,755 73 844,748 68 705,936 67 794,282 77 812,840

88 1,131,865

FFIC' •

2 694

17 22,854

3 1 ,474

8 21,252

4 3,789

8 4,527

3 1 ,686 4 2,248 9 5,010

9 9,119 4 2,224

AFFIC'

13,715 136,342,151

12,208 128,442,910

3,047 33,806,531

11,935 133,951,867

12,721 157,500,134

12,990 168,201,883

13,552 182,909,609

13,919 189,364,675

14,052 203,683,499

11,754 170,325,877

11,291 163,469,927

Number

of

transits

44

34

6

2830

33

3137

33

39

31

22

17

5 29

33

3128

214348

49

5 21

15

12

3

714

5

13

7172

12 6264

66

626590

92

93

Displace- ment

tonnage

171,006

131,258 23,205

108,642

109,798 136,600

137,593

111,418 1982

1983

14,009

11,707 129,684

132,431 1984

1975

11,230

OcEA^

170

116,335

122,953 1976 *TQ

1977

85

18 88

87.728 65.025

165.148 1978 1979 1980

1981

103

Ill 10189

214.145 207,640

217,055

143,121 1982 1983

110

125 309,206

350,699

1984

1975

137

7 38

410,682

10,400 1976 5,635 41,655 *TQ

1977

4

13 1,800 380 10,380 1978 5 1,100 1979

1 980

106

1 2,194 4,810

1981 11 8,544 1982 23 21,903

1983 1984

14

17

13,786

12,280

2.504 5,986 21,025

1975

1976

VNGOING Tr

140,627,956 117,395,409 30,943,683

123,191,842

142,809,403 154,468,349 167,611,416

171,523,538 185,737,783 145,948,136

140,800,425

304,359

260,641 *TQ

1977

1978

3,059

11,997 12,785

90,030

284,170

325,043

1979

1980

13,056

13,614 346,434

359,458

1981 13,984 263,083

1982

1983

14,142 11,846 460,793 489,116

1984 11,384 548,042
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 49

Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1975 Through 1984 (Continued)

Fiscal Year

Number

of

iransils

Total irqlfu Long ions of

cargo

Traffic assessed lolls on nel lonnage basis Number Panama

of Canal nei

Iransils tonnage

Traffic assessed lolls on displacement tonnage basis Number Displace- of ment

Iransils tonnage Small Commerciai Trakfic'

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978

1979 1980

1981 1982

1983 1984

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978 1979 1980

1981 1982

1983 1984

1975 1976 •TQ

1977

1978 1979

1980

1981 1982

1983 1984

1975 1976 •TQ

1977

1978 1979 1980

1981 1982

1983 1984

804

745 204

759

792 936

788

791 830

810

802

$52,684

49,314

24.785 39.960 63,526

76.59! 74.898 65.604

73.228

73.887

76.921

7.939 6.866

1.236 2.820

6.962

7.718 787

1..355 928 669

652

798 737

204

751 785 934

787

788 826

810 800 Small U.S. Government Traffic^

110

13636 277

187 315 276

225

241 242

241

3540

14 5444

5547

50

58

5696

$4,729 I 6.168

1.613 23

12.851 9.504 8 14.375 9

15.129

10.712 2 10,757 11,406 5 11,998 Small Free Traffic- ^

3150

.'.'.'..'..'. io 20

3

........ 70

859

27

184

222548

29

16

12

11

Total Panama Canal Traffic

14,735 $143,332,428

13,201 3,313

13,087

13,808 14,362

14,725 15.050

15.271 12,954

12,523

134,987.867 35.465,477

164.685.365 195.735.234 209,521.876

293.443.943

303.080.358 325.589.097

287.791.023

289.155.035

140

11730

123

142 154

167

171 185 145 140

.635 402

.944

.194 816 476

.612

.524

.738 948

.80

.927 325

.942 672

393 079

.203

.895

.781 .818 .136

14.570

12,994 3,269

12,758

13.573 14.019

14.409

14.764

14.930

12.615

12.185

54.174

50.281 15.389 48.717

57.827 69.229

52.052 44.962

50.399 48.033

47.787

1,518

1,484 944

2.840

2.986 2.160

2,317

2,613

2,803

2.321 4,637

136,398,866

128,495,834 33,823,345

134,004,377

157,562,393

168,276,137

182.965.335

189.413.001 203.737.116

170.376.563 163,521,687

1,120

1.229

165 20744

329

235

343 316

286

341 339

338

1.108 1.040 94

57 279

315

145

1.023 83 6.382

1.159 118 8.019

481 32 2.144 953 255 16.769

1.446 162 10,742 2.865 267 15.519

1.357 247 14.313

751 209 10.431 415 229 10.973 332 230 11,177 336 233 11,282

185

701 466

72 632 560

1,012

1.172 2.010

1.360

312,046

270,590 92,174

302,513

336,897 362,679

374,388 274.805 473.253

502.303 560,829

'Oceangoing traffic includes ships of 300 net tons and over. Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement

tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.). -Free traffic includes ships of the Colombian and Panamanian Governments and ships transiting for repair by the Commission

'Includes vessels under 300 net tons, Panama Canal measurement (or under 500 displacement tons for vessels assessed on displacement tonnage).

•Effective 10-1-76 the fiscal year for all U.S. Government agencies was changed from July I through June 30, to October I through September 30. For continuity purposes, July, August, and September 1976 were designated the Transition Quarter.
50 STATISTICAL TABLES

ac

0>/~i — vOCsir-J — fNOv — r<-, r~- 00>/-l — OOOOr^JfNvD — r^, 0\

f^j — r«-la^r»-l — O — r^ — vD'rJ- r^ONr-ooooi'i — — r^jo

vO o O O O ^ r-- r~- o' "O oo' r--'

<*' <N (-4^ —' o' (N —' —' —' —' —' —

^

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oc OOror^Ooor<-i'r}-iOr<-, vOO^Ov 5 (> Ov r~-_ Tf O sO C r<-i — r<-, Ov Tt O O O — — — — rsj (N «n' rsi' fN

f"-) t;

_' _ "O o ^ o 3

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— fN so fN Tt 1/-) w-)' r-' vO oo' (N —

.'

oo_ oo o in oq r- r-4 rn o Tf \0 vO fN fN rn r^ r-i r^, r^' •'^' t^' en Tt r<-'

E r ^

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 51

Table 3.— Canal Traffic' by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1984

Number

Flag transits Algeria 4 Argentina 2 Australia 10 Austria 3 Bahamas 33 Belgium 54 Bermuda 3 Bolivia 9

Brazil 32

Bulgaria 8 Canada II Cayman Islands 6 Chile 100 Colombia 168 Costa Rica 6 Cuba 125 Cyprus 86

Czechoslovakia I Denmark 250 Dominican Republic I East Germany 10 Ecuador 454

Egypt ' Finland 24 France 78 Ghana 3 Greece 788 Honduras 25 Hong Kong 15 India 18 Indonesia 10 Iraq 2 Ireland 4

Israel 67

Italy 93 Japan 1,191 Kuwait 2

Liberia 1,379 Libya 6 Malaysia 14 Malta 23 Mauritania 4 Mexico 97 Morocco 7 Netherlands 216 New Zealand 4 Nicaragua 22 Norway 337 Panama 1 ,770

People's Republic of China 132 Peru 197

Philippines 170 Poland 67

Portugal 4 Rumania 4

St. Vincent 3 Samoa 2 Saudi Arabia 15 Singapore 222 South Korea 185 Spain 1 26

Sri Lanka 4 Sweden 115 Switzerland 79 Taiwan 167 Thailand 2 Tonga I Turkey 12 United Arab Emirates 3 United Kingdom 557 U nited States 742 Uruguay 3 USSR 435 Venezuela 87 West Germany 232

Yugoslavia 88

Total 11,230

Measured tonnage

\ Panama

1 Long

Canal Registered tons of

net gross , Tolls cargo

44.066 53,926 $78,239 49,815

45,478 53.038 83,225 36,605 212.000 256,910 387,960 155,444

68.331 80,532 125,046 53,008 434.128 527,791 790,760 379,103 966.662 1,140,631 1,755,355 1,111,099 29.1% 23,799 46,227 2,241 76.599 96,300 140,176 68,255

269.075 323,514 490,310 125,706

50.158 60,839 91,789 40,348

33.114 48,306 59.007 19,034 4.164 2,200 7.117 1,417 927.020 1,054,342 1,638.245 852,909

2.301.267 2,551,048 4,120.048 1,562,699 5,682 5,952 10.398 1,741 751.909 883,884 1.349.906 578,353

804.007 872,642 1,454.435 805,870

8.811 10,416 16.124 13,858 4.913.177 6,248,367 8.741.658 3,555,601 8.275 9,661 15.143 14,436 53,886 58,750 88,642 15.379

3,924.611 4,584,842 6.815,958 2,914,773

18,762 22,606 34,334 30,394

313,025 383,614 565,026 386,915

1,322.464 1,178,910 2,434,016 854,638

29.544 39,012 54,066 24,028

12.151.998 13,808,383 21,402,463 14,522,261 140.887 173,576 239,685 44,076

346.808 429,572 621,783 537,387 423.865 510,336 747,399 527,389

1 14.396 131,907 209.345 79,597

20.478 25,948 37.475 38,197

31.716 37,830 57,435 53,477

1.349.688 1,770,153 2,469,929 861,572

1.104.287 1,390,968 2,005,981 791,049

22.190.145 18,775,393 38,425,469 11,873.771 24.204 30,892 44,293 15,031 25,493.575 26,043,109 44,926,127 25,359,753 40.855 51,486 66.963 28,071 229.705 275,563 420.360 392,116

229.373 262,391 408.64! 270,423

2.509

1.872,156

1,049 2,406,0423.880

3.141.887 1.638,344 76,047 93,091 137.127 124.463 2,319,145 2,586,488 4.162.252 1.884.015 50,241 52,028 94.372 26.338

37,382 32.940 65,770 17.396 6,269,607 6.699.166 11,079,426 5,800.614 22,351,853 22,318.616 39,406,920 20,570,055

2,630,788 2.925.450 4,661,452 2,588,032 2,130,210 2.574.852 3,754,032 2,278,542 2,219,499 2,183,090 3,965,557 2,620,480 488,263 538,356 869,785 257,326

4,318 5,375 7,902 3,015 35,166 41,166 57,848 16,672

19,298 22,812 31,820 11,889

18,398 21,100 33,668 15,166 95,492 89,626 153,465 17,362 4,375,177 3,903,033 7,589,730 3,304,008 2,744,765 3,299,467 5,016,393 3,625,203 729,832 715,442 1,323,680 574,667

54,170 61,826 92,869 45,514

2,503.812 2,045,346 4,522.016 1,066,348 766.623 906,526 1.400,295 349,291 3,826.453 4.744,484 6,918,014 3,104,410 9.522 1 1 ,046 1 7,425 7,019 422 424 772 121 104.198 128,082 186,624 132.954

25.421 31,191 43,392 9,321 9.432.702 11,333,745 16,869,077 9,570,188

8.718,555 9,888,001 15,235,736 6,922,442

13,708 14,433 24,402 21,825

3,062,916 3,484,111 5,380,104 1,823,706 193,984 220,807 339.298 105,420

2,817.494 3,305,859 5.112.291 2.022,601 827,321 983,361 1.502,005 868,232

162,334,838 171,957,770 $286,677,844 140,470,818

I Includes only commercial vessels of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement toiu and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.).

^ Includes 3 transits where no registered tonnage was reported.
52 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 3.— Canal Traffic' by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1984— Continued

Note.—In Canal traffic statistics, foreign naval vessels such as transports, supply ships, tankers, etc., with a measure- ment of 300 net tons (Panama Canal measurement) and over, and vessels of war, dredges, etc., with a displacement of 500

tons and over, are classified as oceangoing commercial vessels. Statistics on these vessels, except as related to displace- ment tonnage, have been included in the table above. As displacement tonnage cannot be combined with net tonnage,

the following table shows statistics covering 31 vessels which transited the Canal during fiscal year 1984 and paid tolls on

displacement tonnage.

Flag Type Canada Dredge

Chile Naval Ecuador do

France do

Italy do

Japan do

Netherlands Dredge New Zealand Naval

People's Republic of China Dredge

Peru Naval Turkey do

United Kingdom do

United States Dredge

Total

Number Displace- of meni

transits tonnage Tolls

1 2,370 $2,417

2 7,500 7.650 6 4,739 4.834

3 18,916 19.294

2 13,100 13.362 4 14.590 14,882

3 19.014 19.394

1 3.060 3.121

1 15.216 15,520 4 4.732 4.827

1 2.200 2,244

2 6.398 6.526

1 4.500

116.335

4.590

3! $118,661

Statistics compiled by Office of Executive Planning.

54 STATISTICAL TABLES

£"2 r^[^<Noc vDo^^^lO r^iTtr<^m o^otj-o- O^sOinTt O^O^r^r*^ OvTj--^— T:tr--NO^C

r^ ^^ i~-; <i — — r-; fN a\ • c>

r- nO fN r- 00 On C m — r-j r'r^ fN fN 00

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r--^ — r*-; nO ^f2 roool— w^ — o^*^0^ -—^mf*^0 fNr^j

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 55

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 57

Table 5.— Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel

Fiscal Year 1984

Algeria Argentina

Australia Austria Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia

Costa Rica Cuba

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

Egypt

Finland France Ghana

Greece Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Iraq Ireland

Israel Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Libya Malaysia Malta

Mauritania Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Norway Panama

People's Republic of China . Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Rumania

Saini Vincent Samoa

Saudi Arabia

Singapore South Korea

Spain

Sri Lanka

Sweden

Switzerland Taiwan

Thailand Tonga

Turkey

United Arab Emirates United Kingdom

United States Uruguay USSR

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Total

1 Num1 1 Num1 ber Panama ber Panama

of Canal net of Canal net transits tonnage Tolls transits tonnage Tolls

3 37,574 $ 68.760 1 6.492 $ 9.478

2 45.478 212.000

68.331 424.143

83.225 387.960

125.046 776.182 2

10

3

31 9.985 14.578 50 929.807 1.701.547 4 36.855 53.808

1 9.732 17.810 2 19.464 28.417

9 76.599 263.407

140.176

31 482.035 i 5.668 8.275

8 50.158

22.279 91.7896 40.771 4 10.835 15.819

4 2.803 5.129 2 1.361 1.987 79 749.043 1.370.749 19 \11.911 259.846

147 2.054.591 3.759.902 21 libfilb 360.147

6 5.682 681.40210.398 109 1.246.966 i6 70.507 102.940 76 758.337 1.387.757 10 45.670 66.678

1 8.811 4.238.97316.124 210 7.757.321 40 674,204 984.338

1 8.275 26.94315.143 49.306 5

5 26.943 39.337

361

1 2.922.140

18.762 291.917

5.347.516 34.334 534.20887

1

1.002.471 1 ,463.608

23 21.108 30,818

71 1.307.903 2.393.462 4 14.561 21.259

3 29,544 54.066 654 9.893.367 18.104.862 134 2.258.631 3.297.601

17 91.866 168.115 8 49.021 71.571

13 312.008 570.975 2 34.800 50.808

15 347.450 635.834 3 76,415 111,566

10 1 14 396 209 345

2 20.478

30.079

37 475

3 55.045 1 1.637 2,390 67 1 349 688 2 469 929

84 1.027.999 1,881.238 7 76.288 111.380 923 16.251.285 29.739.851 264 5.938.860 8.670.737

2 24 204 44 293

1.144 20.820,533 38.101.574 235 4.673.042 6.824.786

3 19,770 36.179 3 21.085 30.784

14 229 705 420 360

20 199,341 364.794 3 30.032 43.847

1 586 1.072 3 1.923 2.808 59 1.104.160 2.020.613 38 767.996 1.121.274

6 70.535 129.079 1 5.512 8.048

175 2.045.333 3.742.959 38 273.812 399.766

2 48.376 88.528 1 1.865 2.723

15 30.249 55.356 7 7.133 10.414 275 5.204.864 9.524,901 62 1.064.743 1 ".554.525 1.474 18.305.985 33,499.952 296 4,045.868 5.906.967 no 2,175,625 3.981,394 21 455.163 664.538

166 1.727.293 3,160,946 27 402.917 588.259

152 1.959.699 3.586.249 18 259.800 379.308 58 424, 1 1

776.123 9 64.152 93.662

2 17.583 32.177 2 17.583 25.671 2 9.850 18.026 1 9.448 13.794

2618.398 37.%533.668 69.476 9 57.527 83.989

179 3.248.571 5.944.885 43 1.126.606 1 .644.845

180 2.727.124 4.990.637 5 17.641 25.756

111 697,636 1.276.674 15 32.196 47.006

2 37,245 68.158 2 16.925 24.710

107 2,341.757 4.285.415 8 162.055 236.600

78 759.528 1.389,936 1 7.095 10.359

158 3.598.091 6.584.507 9 228.362 333.409

2 9.522 422

87.166

17.425 772

9 159.514 2 17.032 24.867

2 16.%5 3 1 .046 1 8.456 12.346 473 8.353.530 15.286.960 82 1.079.172 1.575.591 590 6.762.312 12.375.031 151 1.956.243 2.856.115

2 11.859 21.702 1 1.849 2.700 345 2.454.720 4.492.138 90 608.196 887.966 63 151.570 277.373 24 42.414 61.924

211 2.699.323 4.939.761 21 118.171 172,530 84 794.908 1.454.682 4 32.413 47,323

9.328 133.913.982 $245,062,587 1.871 28,420.947 $41,496,595 Aoove table involves only commercial vessels of 300 net tons or over, Panama Canal measurement.
58 STATISTICAL TABLES

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60 STATISTICAL TABLES

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1

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1,337,124

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68 STATISTICAL TABLES

Percent oflolal Pacific- bound

cargo

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52.6 3.2

la

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Table 9,— Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama Canal From Pacific to Atlantic During Fiscal Year 1984 Segregated by Countries in Principal Trade Areas— Continued

I West Coast North America:

United S.al«: *'*'""'

Alaska Hawaii MainUnd «8.829

Total United Slates 528.829 West Coast Canada 818.426 West Coast Central America:

Cusia Rica

El Salvador 36 Guatemala Honduras

Mexico 88

Nicaragua 3.875 Panama

Central America (other)' Total Central America 3.999 West Coast South-America:

Chile 145.776 Colombia 15.233 Ecuador 37.268 Peru 247.801 South America (other)' 14.973 Total South America 461.051 Oceania:

Australia 25.323

British Oceania

French Oceania 18.587 New Zealand 52.653 Oceania (other)' 5.652

Total Oceania 102.215 Asia:

Taiwan Hong Kong

Indonesia Japan 6.038

Philippine Islands South Korea

U.S.S.R

Asia (other)' Total Asia 6.038 Grand total

1 .920.558 Percent of Atlantic-Bound Cargo 3.1

[Long tons]

To Europe

Den- Nether- Spain 1 United Yugo- West Europe 1 mark Finland France Italy 4.823

lands Portugal

38

Sweden Kingdom

16.500

V.S.S.R. slavia Germany

5.120

(other)' 2.816

Total

12.759

16.538 15,034 278.082

278.082

340.431 345.254i. 266.206

1.266.206

318.168 318.206

84.428

84.428

191.793 208.293.32.567 32.567

5.223

5.223

173.505

178,625

727,638

730.454

3.961.904

i 5.034 3.991,201

212.717 225.286 436.118 309,886 1.298.893 122.946 159.432 758.480 261.701 15.853 555,253 1.651.528 6.826,519

950 26.778 4.170 477 4.931 14,667 12.142 64.115

751 2.125 2.805 4.277 824 2 2.286 57.383 13.820 84.309 658 9.047

1.902 6.165

1.931 250

6.255 17.891 8.317

1.169 6.900 1.036 51.085 540 2.983 40 176.325 28.668 268.834

2.000 11.069 2.938 57.3009.744

1.000 1.313 4.764

1.680 721 24.928 11.742

1 70.010

63.065

1.408 16.0058.125

115.115

2.100 20.855

4.199

72.280

16.097 291.581

5.005 77.63336.934 2.000 540 10.418 763 2.286 613.475

1.157 32.733 66.529 178,125 279,825 40.133 26.910 99.300 21.207 348.378 311.400 1.551.473 581 13,587 19,422 339 113 2.906 11.785 111.766 19.889 195.621 4 82 2.556 42,456 15,512 5.132 357 5.081 25.980 9.062 59.464 117.101 320.055

1.541 1.45

1

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2.737 34,268 169.799 323.794 393.503 119.008 38.171 207.547 349.565 75.068 655.556 755.259 3.585.326

178 14,059 1.230... 38.133 12.021 44.449 135.393 3.169 45.702 4.225

6,122

78

199.354 19.839

15.126 228.48483.718

10.071 .. 3.837 116.003 47.036 12,264 80.696 11.179 87.197 420.936 11.9%

67.769

1.662 9.902

19.437

155.621

850

49.194

58.166 376..M9

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23.775

37.648 204.259135.986 3.169 12.264 1.004.517

65 17 28 290 400 835 773

26

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i.36 7.511

71 42.337

22.633 267

12

1.250 2.330

7.215

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10.221

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919

130

1,763 2.812

1.426

62

2.520 4.660

65.396

22.63374 972

8.649 648 88 64.970 842 100.120

235.657 260.202 975.284 1.104.039 3.200.048 683.964 294.835 1.571.308 645.438 98^430 1,707.602 3,423.793 16.121.158

0.4 0.4 1.6 1.8 5.1 I.I 0.5 2.5 1.0 0.2 2.7 5.5 25.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Faces p. 74


76 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 77

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35
78 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Phosphates

Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to West Coast Canada:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

1 3831 3091 371

188 127 154 86 54 92

109 128 125

3 8

14 7

7 14 64 76 135

15 49

49 27 135 137 30 90

137 30 90 479 800 1,45065

61 381 159

75 87 494

32 45 160

11 251 186 346

60 101 215 514 413 334

514 413 334

1,595 1,637 2,388

937 569 601 937 569 601

9 27

27 5969 946 601

East Coast United States to West Coast Central

AMERICA;

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal

GrainsCorn Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellanous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . .

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified

10 20 13 88 505 697 1,924 793 227 860 140

104 379 242

148 461 151 210 219 241

8 5 19 6 2 5

2 3 3

5 3

13 1 4

8 .

1 4

5 , 291 334 459

76 117 25 85 121 214
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 79

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

East Coast United States to West Coast Central

America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash —Continued

Phosphates Potash

Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Petroleum products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Paper and paper products Tallow

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to West Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

GrainsCorn

Oats

Rice Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . .

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

119

II

8926

6395

1 78

106

78

23

14 41

1,281

1983

7125

77

552254

2

2 45

5

85

230

10 43

2,593

204

16

2

2 164

13628

3322

1

10

I 82

3184

57

2,067

36 29 16 183 186 171 42 45 33

128 134 125

13 7 13 161 227 100 2,806 3,100 3,231 347 619 824

3 7 15 85 20 7 22 122 75

137 162 146 2,210 2,165 2,156

2 5 8

7 15 15

5 13 10

2 2 5 66 67 139

18 19 29

19 22 55

18 13 29

8 6 13

3 7 13 30 30 104

3 9 6

6 4 8

12 7 16

3 8 61 6 2 13

14 23 34

14 182 27

1 3 6
80 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

South America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates Potash

Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsScrap

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquified natural gas Lubricating oil Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire, and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to Balboa. R.P.: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous

GrainsCorn Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous . . .

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982

'

417 282 236

22 8 17 230 150 109

147 111 96

18 13 14 132 46 51

5 7 14 127 39 37

111 30 26

2 3 4

14 6 7 44 10 12

1 5 10 43 2

3 2 466 439 170

183 130 53

142 134 14

5 12 54 54 20

37 37 41 38 29 40

7 43 2 665 670 721

3 3 6

i7 10 12 44 59 56

7 15 3 4 2 66 127 104

109 99 135 23 33 37

6 7 7 43 49 34

9 8 10 342 263 302

5,027 5,124 5,000

8 8 8 88 93

35 92

26 37 60 48 55

2 10 4 4 i 3 4 6

186 248 68

25 35

140 237 28

21 11 5 140 144 128

14 14 18 126 130 110 429 501 303
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 81

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to Hawaii:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Oceania:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Rice Soybeans

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements . .

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment . .

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Minerals, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Petroleum and products

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Residual fuel oil Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Clay, fire and china

Glass and glassware

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

29 53 52

29 53 52

29 53 52

705 570 427

560 390 274

145 172 117

8 36

30 21 32 116 27

29

1 1051 14

3 10 12 9 5 9 5

13 '\2 22

8

1 2

1 10

2

2 6 7

2 2 2

3 3 ""566 710

'

' 488

13 8 21 122 184 104 348 513 358

17 5 5 265 293 159 66 21 25

16 8 30

2 144

177 101 68 4 19 36 612 574 800

11 24

2 4

4 3 39

27 35 25

12

1 191 94 ""'568 ""'563 694

2.136 2,309 1,952

177 189 215

6 7 7

171 182 208

104

1 892 107

66 91 ioi 2,148 2.257 2,212 49 56 2

1,423 1,494 1,498
82 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

1983 East Coast United States to Asia—Continued

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals—Continued

Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous 676 Coal and coke 7,838 Grains 20,962

Barley Corn 8,878 Rice Sorghum 1,195 Soybeans 6, 148 Wheat 4,679 Other and unclassified 62 Lumber and products 229 Pulpwood 225 Other and unclassified 4 Machinery and equipment 49

Agricultural machinery and implements 4 Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts 10 Construction machinery and equipment 10

Electrical machinery and apparatus 9 Other and unclassified 16 Manufactures of iron and steel 103 Angles, shapes, and sections 34

Plates, sheets, and coils 15 Tubes, pipes, and fittings 3 Wires, bars, and rods Other and unclassified 51 Minerals, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 5,207 Ammonium compounds 93

Fertilizers, unclassified 329 Phosphates 4,775 Potash 10 Ores and metals L988

Ores, miscellaneous 7 Metals L98I Aluminum 26

Iron Scrap L946

Tin, including tinpiate 1 Other and unclassified 8 Other agricultural commodities 24

Beans, edible 22 Cotton, raw

Other and unclassified 2 Petroleum and products 598 Gasoline 4

Liquefied gas '78 Lubricating oil 103 Petroleum coke 260

Diesel 34

Residual fuel oil Jet fuel Other and unclassified '9 Miscellaneous 4,689

Bricks and tile Carbon black

707 712

8,729 20,484

29,326 28,896

104 20,103 12,515 25 50 834 1,650 6,264 6,074

1,955 8,477

41 130

281 196 258 174 23 22 67 67

6 11 7 8 23 23

11 10 20 15 96 162 33 30

8 19 21 21 4 16 30 76

1 4,961 3,981 47 40

401 232

4,477 3,659 36 50

1,810 1,015 25 12

1,785 1,003 26 2 69

1,654 964

3 11 33 26

59 201 34 30

23 152

2 19 1,234 709

18 31 360 100 58 66

590 61 24 136

145 217

29 31 10 67

4,039 4,115

1 32
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 83

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Fiscal Year 1984 1983 1982 East Coast United States to Asia—Continued

Miscellaneous—Continued

Clay, fire and china 320 323 380

Fibers, plant 21 15 39

Flour, wheat 50 103 150

Groceries, miscellaneous 12 7 14 Marble and stone 16 11 12

Oil, vegetable 67 47 115 Paper and paper products 164 243 208

Resin 80 106 240

Rubber, manufactured 27 5 1 Tallow 2 6 17

Textiles 27 17 113 Tobacco and manufactures 7 45 53

All other and unclassified 3,896 3,110 2,768 Total 44,012 53,049 62,254

East Coast Canada tq West Coast United States: Petroleum and products 26

Gasoline 26

Miscellaneous 46 jj^ 12^ Pulpwood 1 2 5 All other and unclassified 45 9 7 Total 46 n 38

East Coast Canada to West Coast Central America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous 1 8 Miscellaneous 36 57 19^ Paper and paper products 12 10 10

All other and unclassified 24 47 9

Total 36 58 27

East Coast Canada to West Coast South America:

Grains 5 8 7 Barley 5 5 Other and unclassified 3 7 Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous 5 5 4 Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous 4 17 20

Minerals, miscellaneous VI 12 13. Asbestos 12 13 13 Ores and metals 2 1^ 3 Metals 2 1^ 3 Tin, including tinplate I Other and unclassified 2 1 2 Miscellaneous 107 89 94 Paper and paper products 48 45 54

All other and unclassified 59 44 40

Total 135 133 141

East Coast Canada to Oceania:

Miscellaneous 129 100 184 Paper and paper products 10 17 All other and unclassified 119 100 167 Total 129 iOO 184
84 STATI*ST1CAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

East Coast Canada to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods

Fish Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Grains

Barley Corn

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsAluminum

Iron Scrap Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products Resin

Slag

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast United

States:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Amonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products

Residual fuel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast Central

America:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Phosphates

Fertilizers , Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Liquefied gas Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

' i9S4 1983 1982

'

43 49 60 43 49 60

25 31 39

18 18 21 4 2 176 88 145

820

176 45 60

43 43

14 228 146 120 226 144 120

2

1 2

2 42 58 37 335 550 203

117 108 74 218 442 129 40 142 119

9 87 10 118 160

51 53 650 674 650

70 105 89

16 26 36

15 19 564 528 506

1,475 1,569 1,219

14 28 29

14 15

13 29 "166

106

14 19

19 47

1428 135

13225

107 4,092

102

102 3,247

10138

2142

2,199 931 1,378 875

79 139 159 312 198 5 2,337 1,396 908

4 433 136 248
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 85

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long ions]

East Coast Central America to West Coast Central

America—Continued Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel, oil, residual Other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Oceania:

Petroleum products

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Asia: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Petroleum and products Crude petroleum

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....... Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

16 3 6

16 3 6

4,240 3,352 2,306

26 20 26 20

5 io

5 10 70 5 17 70 5 17 106 39 42

106 39 42 207 64 69

65 56 99

4 33 62

61 23 30

7 65 56 99

46

11 4 6

11 4 6

57 4 6

13 10 24

10 7

2

10 5 43 61 73

2 11 10

2 11 56

56

10

73 76 38

73 76 38

131 224 152

16 2 74 90 3

31 24 2

171 181 54 30 44 19 27 44 19 27 2420

19

36 ii

1

5

1
86 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

East Coast South America to West Coast United

States—Continued

Other agricultural commodities—Continued

Coffee

Sugar, raw

Petroleum and products

Asphalt Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Liquefied gas Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to West Coast Central

America:

Coal

GrainsSorghum

Soybeans

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Liquefied gas Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to West Coast

South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . GrainsOats

Grains, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982

'

6 5

5 4 450 480 295

107 56 64

136 258

29

48

62 50

89 87 48

32 90

45

24

97 38 30

10 23 7 87 15 23 875 870 408

43 33 20

16 17 16 17 59 33 37

103 79 79 205 62

38

197 19

8 5 23 55 4

23 55 4 594 669 818

594 667 754

2 3 61

12 52 28

12 52 28 48 7 23 48 7 23 985 862 1,014

18 12 25

7 2

1 2

6

3

3 57 62 22 57 62 22 28 26 15

18 14 9
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 87

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to West Coast

South America—Continued

Ores and metals —Continued

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to Balboa. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Kerosene

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Total East Coast South America to Oceania:

Petroleum and products

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite Copper

Manganese

Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Cotton, raw

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

10 12 6

18

13

10

5 io 1,568 1,654 1,643

1,085 1,116 1,165 102 168 198 26 112 104 224 180 96

25 184 59

23 44 21 83 12

151 82 127

151 82 127

1,829 1,856 1,845

42 74 46

20 19 22 8 16 47 30

5 4 I 5 4

78

1 47 47

59 27

26 27

33

i i 11 59 38

30 25

3 47 9

3 47 9 33 72

19

9

22 15 47 38 153 32 29 11 88 143 28

2

2

19

19 290 323 284

121 103 107 49 16 23

13 37 74 64

35 13 7 169 220 177 4

2

7

5
88 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Fiscal year

East Coast South America to Asia—Continued

Other agricultural commodities—Continued

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquefied gas Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Asphalt

Liquefied gas Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast Canada:

Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite Total West Indies to West Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total

1,031 892

92

47

27

2 2

1,093 1,660 846 1.360

61 119 53 46

30 87

8 48 38 47 10 32 31

1,537

2

18

18 187

49

6

51

714

67 278

32

1,683

11 265

3497

7 7844545

639 322

31 2,208

99 . 24

24 24 . 24 24 . 253 284 159 184 251 159 69 33 . 233 487 568

27 31 5

17 . 60 287 si 58 355

60 64 122 69 47 5 46 . 1 46 1 655 795 752

6

6 4

4

4

6

6

12

2

13

13 675

43 267

189 1404

32

38

18 20

728
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 89

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to West Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Indies to Balboa. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Indies to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Residual fuel oil Total

West Indies to Oceania:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

3 5 53 47

6 9

6 9

12 1 7 1 5 733 975 1,453 45 52 357 363 471

91 53 25

147 379 729

5 28 36

39 26 40

7 8 79 56 11

15 18 15 16 27 20

16 27 20 820 1,061 1,479

97 297 182 28 110 59

5 117 102 22 65 15 42 5 6

13

13 97 297 195

268 323

16 388

268 297

10 323

388

268 388

38 44 97

38 44 97

41 15 41 15 180 99 69 46 16 4

78 48 6

34 28 54

4 5

18 7

3 4 14

3 4 14 262 147 195
90 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Liquefied gas Gasoline

Jet fuel Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Petroleum products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous .... Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts ... Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wires, bars, and rods , Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds , Fertilizers, unclassified Nitrate of soda Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile

25 14 19 7 6 7 38 49

36 46

31 39

26 39

5 , 5 7 1,162 1,394

1,161 1,393

70 439

86

78

71 138 38 66

3222 34

22 34

1,353 1,976

46 39

23 24

5 2

18 22

20 17 193 150

21

21

17 48

43

36

7

5 1,466

1,464

2 374

36

7 246

58

27

15

15 1,941

36

15

78

15 152

185 138 148

5

1 4

5 .

1

2 3 3 780 610 732

53 34 88 469 379 308

33 14 28

108 41 104

117 142 204

346 244 317

100 63 163 200 159 78 42 22 76

4 . 51 92 14

12 20 1 39 72 13 29 63 1 10 9 12 53 23 94

53 23 94

1,428 953 833

10 8 12
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 91

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast United States—Continued

Miscellaneous—Continued Cement

Glass and glassware

Liquors and wines Marble and stone Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products

Asphalt

M iscellaneous Bricks and tile Liquors and wines

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to West Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous GrainsCorn Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Other agricultural commodities

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

92

1 352 i 6 8 2 9 2 6

201 57 42

1,108 ""84i 769

2^940 2,152

5

2,208

7 5

13 14 9

6 5 8

7 9 1 137 68 209

22 7 38

43 27 84

16 2 19 26 6 25 30 26 43

7 11 7 6

6 283

1

164 174

2

1 3 3 281 161 169 447 262 403

4 1 13 38 6 53 33 48

4 1 10 30 25 34

19 7 4

41 24 35

9 10 11 32 14 24 46 64 55

11 11 3

15 21 26

2 3

14 15 17 4 17 6

271 267 225

20 35 56 240 204 162

11 28 7

10 9

9

1 10 1 239 3 25 101 24
92 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast Central AMERiCA—Continued

Other agricultural commodities—Continued Sugar

Miscellaneous Cement

Glass and glassware

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to West Coast South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods Milk

Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods Dairy products Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Oats Wheat

Rice Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

17 22

27

1512 115

16 48

1319

19 22

22

25 101 24

139

1 .

125

i

100

12

14 4 1 124 120 665

28

96

841 494

26 41

21 14 30

16 II 24

5 3 6

5 14 11 3 3 7

2 II 4

63 58 75

4 4 6 56 51 62

3 3 7

13 8 . 47 83 28

5 1 14

3 16 2

16 19 7

5 20 . 18 27 5

3 1 4

12 i

13 93 109 183

_82

16 48

7

10

1 214

17

2026

35

14

14

12116 46

13

14 32

3736

1 1112447

20

19

1 16

29

55

54

25

20

15828

5124

24

3138

36

2

15836

87

1817 J6

II 25
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 93

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast South America—Continued

Ores and metals —Continued

Iron

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Liquefied gas Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Ammunition and explosives

Bricks and tile Cement

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles Wax, paraffin

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to Oceania: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous .... Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts .

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified

1,079

15 164

1,192

14

111

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

1 3 3 8 5 14 8 7 8 52 75 44

52 69 34

6 10 64 131 81 42 53 26

4 23 5 27 17

io 20 6

8 8 27 478

1 4142 462

1 5 6 17 3 2 6

41 29 15 6 6 20

3 9 3

2

i

7 12

12 33 39 55

6 8 8

3 5 4

7 5 8

7 4 5 360 292 305

1,308

14 117 45 30 29

108 67 79

11 14 9

28 4 1 24

1

31

1 363

14 11 21

3 12 8

2 3 2 4 4 2 28 29 37 4 5 5

7 7 8

7 3 7 6 6 10 4 8 7

10 7 6

9 6 5

69 51 17

13 1 2

19 32 15
94 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Paciflc— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe TO Oceania—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash—Continued

Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous . Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

Africa to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous.

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Ores and metals MetalsOther and unclassified Ores Manganese ore Lead ore Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline Other and unclassified

891 766

14 13 14 13 251 283

19 13 219 234

13 36

2 '. 7 9

7 9 48 . 54 53 67 104

17 67 87 443 462

88 ""'76

40 22

14 11 14 11 26 11 21 38

5 .. 143 i77 59 147 28 30 56 .

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983

17

1982 '

37 1 2 1 6 9 9 60 5 10

7 2 8 53 3 2 485 505 580

2 1 4

18 16 30

12 9 9

2 2 1 4 2 7

2 9 3 26 16 11 9 6

1 7 "kw

1 4421 507

828

14

14 182

15123

59

19

13

13

13

15 31

31 346

1 115

91

685

50

33

2 18147

27

107
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 95

Table 10.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

-Continued

Uaneous

Fiscal year Africa to West Coast United States—

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

' 1984

21

21 292

1983

6

6

281

4

7

7

11

32

12 20

1982 '

11

II 399

Africa to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel, misce Miscellaneous 4

4

4

1

40

31 Phosphates

All other and unclassified 29

2 Total

•A:

71

Africa to West Coast Central Americ

Canned and refrigerated foods

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 21

Fertilizer, miscellaneous

3

34

Phosphates ., Miscellaneous

21

All other and unclassified Total

llaneous

32

6

5

5

11

21

Africa to West Coast South America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, misce Miscellaneous 3

3

3

68

68

27

13 All other and unclassified ...... 13 Total 40

Africa to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods 6159

2

59

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash ....

52

76 Phosphates

Miscellaneous

6

9

All other and unclassified 9 Total

United States:

68 61 74

Asia (Middle East) to West Coast

Miscellaneous 61

28

33

61

613922

61

13 Chemicals, miscellaneous

Liquefied gas

All other and unclassified 13 Total

TH America:

13

Asia (Middle East) to West Coast Sou

Miscellaneous 2

2

2

4

All other and unclassified , 4

Total , 4
96 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast

United States; Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products

Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Salt Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to East Coast Canada;

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to East Coast South

America;

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type GrainsWheat

Barley Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Infusorial earth

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ammonium compounds

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

1 9390

3 59

10568

37

2.553

428

3,239

327

193 134

28

28 355

27

_6058

2 _3I

31

3

1

36

28

94

78

16 34

87

87

1 85

78

7

5 139

139

6,663 32,369

1,816 5,923 31,249 327 190 269

151 63 284

117 115 88 96 102 131 46 270 348 428 279 266

279 266

7,165 32,865

26

26

8 io

8 10 34 10

15 26

5 14 10 12 9 12

3 3

10

21 42

18 23

17

3 2 35 41 30 34

5 7

5 5

2 1 J3 m

5 7 20 15 58 85

5 _7

16 ^ 2

1 2
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 97

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast South

America;

Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Peas, dry .

, Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Grains

Rice Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Gasoline

Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Europe;

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Rice Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . .

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified

Fiscal year 1984 1983

15 9

4

10 56

65

102 344

298

46

566

222

75 217

52

2 434

411

23

1

5 40

7595

601

137

5 132 636

222

134 257

23

408

385

23

1

23

11 2 9

4 7

1 14 21

t 21 80 46 52

8 5 4

6 . 5

17 4 4

48 37 39 279 228 338

1 5 9 95 77 84

95 77 84

1,091 1,316 3,575 287 3,255 89 10028 918 800 320 84 101 7 4

4

1,402

123

8

7 8 1,194 3.676

71 104

1 3 70 120 m

19 20

65

72 516

597

126 110 358

3 553

17576 272

30

26 418

386

26

6

354

28
98 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to Europe:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash—Continued

Fishmeal Ores and metals OresCopper

Lead

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Slag

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type GrainsWheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to East Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

16

2655

21

I7 56

1 1 3

81 112 56

43 68 49

50 38 4 3 43 14 8 38 44 7 30 41

12 ,

16

8 , 102 44 39

1 41 40

19 43 24

17 4 5

1,538 1,884 1,841 1,538 1,512 1,198 195 460

177 183 669 700 806

79

5 590 615 650

3,975 4,741 5,045

1 531 636 506 1,673 583 485 1,673 53 21

15 2 34

2 128 139 72

101 139 60

27 12 28 28

15 24 70

20 29

10 18 5 4 23 822 725 1,880

181 154 149

1,196 1,080 686

1,188 1,00080 648

38
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 99

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to East Coast United States:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Potash Ores and metals Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Others and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to East Coast South America;

Coal

Grains

Barley

Wheat

Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to West Indies: Grains

Barley Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other agricultural commodities

Peas, dry Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

49 II 49 II 124 133

1429

77

124 90 77

11

11

7

7 85 213

108 85 105

11 29 i3

II 29 13 1,646 1,631 932

30 80

51 21 21

21 21

5156 32 27

56 29

3 27

256 120 327 256 120 326

34 20 115

32

1 19

1 111 2 3 2 14 27 35 20

23 22 10 4 13 10 426 258 604

14

14

2 36

31 29 29

31 29 29

37 17 121 69 i65

121 69 165

31

31 150 52

150 52

4 2 9 4 2 6

3 376 205 217
100 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous . . .

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash

Fishmeal

Ores and metals OresCopper

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Copper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . .

Coal and coke

GrainsWheat

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

34 31 39

331 173 62

1,446 766 520

877 665 1,431 483 272 557

278 361 751 116 32 123 2,304 2,037 2,292

1,064 886 1,092

171 175 165 923 875 993

146 101

3

3

41

1

1 1,021 677 794

3 2 3 1,018 675 791

1 18 2522

i4

i 4 3 55 87 126

17 30 72 6 12 51 4 6 7

7 12 14 38

1 57

i

54

26

17 37 18

19

1 154

28 294 57 30

291 51 26

3 6 4

118 86 115

103 84 115

15 2 346 610 708

157 357 428

189 253 280

6,827 5,210

26

6,143

35 50 659 53 163 659 53 103 299 312 153

261 265 94

29 18 41 9 29 18 855 786 1,045 855 786 1.045
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 101

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Africa—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Potash

Miscellaneous , All other and unclassified Total , West Coast Canada to Asia (Middle East): Grains

Barley

Lumber and products Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Miscellaneous Other and unclassified Total

West Coast Central America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Central America to East Coast Central

America:

Grains, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline

Diesel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

13 7

13 7 , 38 2 7 38 2 7

1,899 1,236 1,308

26

26

22 44

123 123

153

153

3

3 125 186

114 162 98

114 162 98

114 161 98 " "263 150 ""272

194 150 272

9 . 4 9 5 4 9 5 23 18 666 548 328

33 43 31 215 189 69 416 316 222

2 . 6

6 5 26

6 12 21 7 9 6 5 12 999 909 768

43 21 22

85 143 69

85 143 69

17 . 52

1 27

16 . ""25

14 2

2

8

14 8 159 166 151
102 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table IL—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous OresCopper

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cocoa and cocoa beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds

Peas, dry

Sugar

Miscellaneous

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Textiles Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods , Bananas , Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

24 63 79 24 63 79 22 41 33

19 41 31

3 2

19 43

29 4

i9 14 4

123 13 16 21 12 16 21 12 204 168

120

141

99 126 99 120 126 76 101 93

23 19 20

33

i3 1 9 i6 15 9 15 14

is 15 35 4 1 12 4

i 9

2

1 " "265 ""i83 172

201 153 151 196 125 151 5 28 4 30 21 25 21 4 5 169 257 421

5 4

679 77 76

46 45 47

5 86 241

14 6 24

7 17 28

7 22 5 99 124 117

3 51

95 118 115 613 736 898

1 1010 9

2

7
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 103

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to Africa—Continued

Manufactures of iron and steel Other agricultural commodities

Coffee

Peas,' dried Sugar, raw

Other anu unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Refrigerated, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Potash Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

54 64 8 66 35 14

11 1961

55

io i3

1 22 10411

1 11 130 50

561 504 513

24 10 21 537 494 492

305 315 354

27 23 18 194 141 116

11 15 4

28 24 66

28 19 23

11 8 8

17 11 15

5 3 5 472 382 198 460 377 197

11 5

135 "166 154 33 42 44

102 120 105 4 5 555 742 1,015 232 319 727

11 10 12 19 161 36 25 9

9 1 2 20 11 12 137 272 531 323 423 288 267 367 233

14 20 14 30 33 29

12 3 12 588 596

1

441

2 27 19 38

175 124 128

5 3 7 139 301 146 242 148 120

5,603 5,076 4,055

3,567 3,724 2,981

1,725 1,224 943

113 20 15
104 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast United ' im

States—Continued

Petroleum and products—Continued

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Fibers, plant Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, fish Paper and products

Textiles All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to East Coast Canada:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Nitrate of soda Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to East Coast Central

AMERICA:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Nitrate of soda

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to East Coast South

AMERICA: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fruit refrigerated, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified 5 Chemicals and petroieum chemicals, miscellaneous .... 13 Lumber and products, miscellaneous 75 Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous I

198 108 116

199 126 131

5 6 8 7 4 7

18 9 3 2

11 10 9

167 106 89

8,174 7,638 6,601

4 10

10

1 4 1 76 52 61 32 40 10

19 10

12

1 391 3030

75

75 52 55 52 55 4 1 4

4 I 4

168 188 151

5 21 . ......

II 52 24 38

5 11 22 47 13 16

2 12 . 12 . 2 . 939 82 i 228 939 821 228

1 122182

i 10 89016 999 295

5 5 9

3 5

2 4

3 11 44

1 . 109
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 105

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast South

America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil , Fuel oil, residual , Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish, refrigerated

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

si 54

1 84 40 27 122 23 26 34

16 87 922 1,537 1,202 907 1,528 1,074

15 9 128 44 31 89

4

6 3 27

15 9 13

19 19 49

1,151 1,702 1,627

44 56 44

440 55 44

2 12 13 26 27 21 22 27 17 4 4

9 12 24

9 12 24

13

II2

18 15

13

162 2 3,392 2,059 1,062 2,624 1,650 948

730 343 82

38 66 32

27 27 2 27 27 2 3,500 2,211 1,194

699 723 1,009 24 25 27 675 698 982

238 278 342

297 293 474

139 116 141

1 11 25

9 9 7

3 21 45 37 52

118 172 137

13 7 7
106 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to Europe—Continued Lumber and products—Continued Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Potash

Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee

Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, fish Paper and paper products

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Hawaii to East Coast United States: Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, refrigerated Meat

Other and unclassified ,

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

98 153 97

7 12 33

11 733 895 964

23

11 17 646 737 861 64 147 824

1,415 1,564 1,890 759 730 1,043

111 103 206

53 101

ioi 64 105

21 30 36 500 448 525 26 32 70 656 834 847

563 667 585 34 41 41 40 54 135

19 72 86 209 357 320

12 9 14 143 189 204

11 30 27

13

5 i 3 12 107 59

10 16 9

3 5

3

3

4

346 253 292

12 6 15 109 54 125

13 5 8

7 9 6 204 179 137

3,585 4,016 4,692

129 196 50

129 196 50

12 19 7 12 19 7 141 215

378

57

311 405

311 378

1 4055 8 61 77

23 12 1 280 303 322
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 107

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons

Oceania to East Coast United States—Continued

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . .

Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite

Iron Lead Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum metal Lead metal Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Wool, raw

Petroleum and products Crude oil : Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricuhural commodities

Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Coal

Ores and metals Manganese ore Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fish, refrigerated Meat

Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

10 9 31 64 62 40

1,175 418 497

1,156 376 481

611 31 66

53

5 53 4

61 47 55 426 245 356

19 42

25

16

ii 11 6

8 5 15 445 311 634

203 101 233 242 210 398

3 24 i ioo 19136

160 ioo 115

81 40

382 372 352

382 372 352

2,628 1,650 2,150

33 55 37

33 55 37 33 55 37

76 25 12 76 25 12 347 216 303 347 216 303

35 54 49

35 54 49

491 350

12

401

28 20

22

37 86 46

22 39 , 15 47 46

4 6 14 4 6 14

91 104 80

143 74 32

10 4 7 133 70 25

6 5 I 113 50 9

5 8 14 9 7 1
108 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Oceania TO West Indies—Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Oceania to Europe;

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, excluding bananas Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Grains, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite Copper

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Copra

Molasses

Skins and hides Sugar

Wool, raw

Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable Tallow

All other and unclassified Total

Asia TO East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods

Fruit Vegetables Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods

Fruit, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

58 11 32

58 11 32

201 85 64

186 185 298

186 185 298

6 15 92 53 75

2 59 92 126 149

11574

72 155 277

58 79 217 38

71 20 i 20 8 16 14 76 60

35 26

15

14 26 34

271 251 232

7 11 9

20 69

1 90

1 ""236 166 123

8 4 9 287 296 335

8

15 44

26 24 23

32 5 5 221 261 263

1,005 887 1,142

175 205 149 90 64 79

85 45 61

1 6 9

5 13 9 85 141 70

9 78 15 76 63 55 69 108 118

183 , 45

693 64 i 414

58 37 13 591 585 357 44 19 44

1,369 1,210 1.258 24 10
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 109

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast United States— Continued Machinery and equipment —Continued

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts .... Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Nails, tacks, and spikes

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified 2 Ores and metals 1,054 Ores 1,018 Alumina/ bauxite 143 Chrome 28 Manganese 7 Other and unclassified 840

Metals 36 Aluminum 30 Copper 1 Iron Zinc Other and unclassified 5 Other agricultural commodities 532

Coffee 5 Copra 3 Rubber, raw 92 Sugar 428 Other and unclassified 4 Petroleum and products, miscellaneous 676

Miscellaneous 4,660

Bricks and tile 3 Clay, fire and china 1 Fibers, plant 1 Glass and glassware 2 Groceries, miscellaneous 10

Oil, coconut 43

Oil, vegetable 5 Porcelainware 2 Rubber, manufactured 33

Textiles 16

All other and unclassified 4,544

Total 14,344

Asia to East Coast Canada

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous 5 Machinery and equipment

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel 7

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings 4

Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified 3

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

1,275 1,131 1,164 45 19 34

12 13 21

13 36 29

4,931 2,905 4,311 111 348 459

102 59 84

1,852 1,035 896

951 564 1,438 320 174 220

1,429 725 1.214

2 2 2

2 901 835

630

2

1,124

1,059 43 102

11 38

1 11 780 908

66 65

29 32

7 5

1 20

29 7 323 411

8 1

56 35

251 373

7 1 141 375

3,611 3,283

1 2

2

1 2

4 7

7 9 63 56

32 93

2 1 41 18 6 9

3,452 3,086

10,047 11,490

2

18
110 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast Canada—Continued

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Ores Alumina/ bauxite MetalsOther and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982

'

55 6

6

6

1 55

55

i "327 278 1 262

327 278 262 394 321 284

Asia to East Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

21

3

1515 47

70

145858

27

27

169

276

4

714343

24

24 418

Asia to East Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

FertiUzers, unclassified Ores and metals OresChrome

Other and unclassified Metals

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Rubber, raw

Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

2 4 4 42 72 70

16 19 29

6 32 6

9 11 13

11 10 22

161 230 522

72 91 141 46 86 293

43 534 . 4 .

88

15 32 47

2 22 8

8 2 22 . 13 10 39

6 3 4

7 7 35

3 4 4

3 4 4

2

2

2

2 157

i

186

1

1

341

13

1 6 10

1 2 6

154 176 321 380 534 990
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 111

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to Cristobal, R.P.: Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Miscellaneous

Textiles AH other and unclassified Total Asia to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

GrainsCorn

Rice Soybeans

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood veneers Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Paper and paper products

Porcelainware

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1984 1983 1982 '

12 4 7 2 1 1 10 3 6 22 20 21 93

1

81

2

103

1 92 79 102

127 105 131

50 43 43 24 30 27 26 13 16 24 13 16

2

10 7 12

8 21 21 94 116 113

6 2 83 166 111

5 10 184 133 143 160 96 97

13 19 23

10 12 8

1 6 15 182 158 151

161 144 127

5 3 4

16 11 20

124 152 126 67 70 52

32 30 36

25 52 38

33 2

31

2 2

14 8 20

7 4 13

7 4 7 121 5 4 4

117

'"29i ""3i6 262

3 3 4

2 5

1 42

i3

1 161 5

1

4

1

1

13 6 6 10 262 282 232

1,111 954 898
112 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar raw

Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

48324

37

2 20

15

3 32

3

19

31

35

6

12 46

10

3 10 '"'29

23 ., 23 . 58 85 69

27

34

100 161 230
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 113

Table 12.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1984

[Long tons] A tianlic Pacific Commodity lo Pacific to Allanlic Tolal Ammonium compounds 534,564 48,194 582,758 Asbestos 18,272 4,137 22.409 Asphalt 155,120 7,752 162,872 Automobiles, trucks, and accessories 29 1 ,978 1 ,464,446 1 ,756,424 Bananas 7,281 810,586 817,867

Barley 16,217 533,1 18 549,335

Beans, edible 41,794 46,362 88,156 Benzene 39,670 38,457 78,127 Borax 5,320 414,453 419,773

Bricks and tile 23,761 10,935 34,696 Canned food products 110,066 222,052 332,118 Carbon black 4,301 654 4,955 Caustic soda 926,776 40,854 967,630 Cement 173,650 4,680 178,330 Chemicals, petroleum various 876,875 5 1 ,859 928,734

Chemicals, various 2,284,963 848,197 3,133,160

Clay, fire and china 357,338 24,945 382,283 Coal and coke (excluding petroleum coke) .

8,1 14,756 1 ,839,46

9,954,2 1

Cocoa and cacao beans 3,424 48,928 52,352 Coffee 9,394 457,502 466,896 Coke, petroleum 459,978 1 ,752,350 2,2 1 2,328 Copra and coconuts 644 10,649 11,293 Corn 9,490,137 6,769 9,496,906 Cotton, raw 14,522 109,552 124,074

Fertilizers, various 1,489,549 58,961 1,548,510

Fibers, plant 40,489 14,514 55,003 Fishmeal 146 724,813 724,959

Flour, wheat 218,886 30,805 249,691 Gasoline 983,101 760,179 1,743,280 Glass and glassware 23,960 6,437 30,397

Grains, various 84,255 142,982 227,237

Groceries, various 35,926 37,409 73,335

Infusorial earth 8,714 8,921 17,635

Jet fuel 593,446 76,785 670,23

Kerosene 103,963 9 103,972

Liquefied gas 737,363 46,254 783,617 Liquors 16,141 6,815 22,956 Lumber and products (excluding pulpwood) 55,430 4,314,158 4,369,588 Machinery, agricultural 59,284 32,411 91,695 Machinery, construction 91,140 68,623 159,763 Machinery, electrical 41 ,026 29,260 70,286 Machinery, various 66,121 36,480 102,601 Manufactures of iron and steel 1 ,842,064 5,424,09

7,266, 1 55

Metal, aluminum 308,901 53,121 362,022

Metal, copper 33,104 885,466 918,570

Metal, iron 86,660 7,843 94,503

Metal, scrap 2,227,015 2,556 2,229,571 Metals, various (including tinplate) 91,113 254,201 345,314 Molasses 3,227 672,371 675,598

Nitrate of soda 84,437 169,781 254,218 Oats 9,085 14,621 23,706

Oil, coconut 3,572 91,854 95,426

Oil, crude 3,898,360 10,267,133 14.165,493

Oil, diesel 1,129,458 815,191 1,944,649

Oil, fish 16,835 164.393 181.228

Oil. lubricating 689.285 167.438 856.723

Oil. residual fuel 3.007.038 3.835,746 6,842,784

Oil, vegetable 247,018 95,478 342.496

Oilseeds 35.939 336.304 372.243

Ore. alumina/ bauxite 454,023 891.864 1.345.887 Ore. copper 389.512 389.512
114 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1984—

Continued

[Long tons]

Ailanlic Pacific Commodity lo Pacific lo Ailanlic Total Ore, iron 11,286 72,731 84,017

Ores, various 422,412 2,471,194 2,893,606 Paper and paper products 761,427 368,471 1,129,898

Peas, dry 382 47,693 48,075 Petroleum and products, various 797,570 377,758 1,175,328 Phosphates 6,395,119 86,163 6,481,282 Potash 113,469 174,921 288,390 Pulpwood 558,726 1,434,788 1,993,514 Refrigerated food products (excluding

bananas) 447,564 1,710,405 2,157,969 Resin 167,901 2,630 170,531 Rice 117,197 517,207 634,404 Rubber, manufactured 44,576 38,29

82,867 Rubber, raw 463 96,202 96,665

Salt 77,451 696,231 773,682

Seeds, excluding oilseeds 1,287 9,638 10,925

Slag, clinkers, and dross 71,676 1,198 72,874 Soda and sodium compounds 55,167 136,052 191,219 Sorghum 1,321,691 36 1,321,727 Soybeans 6,837,354 61,387 6,898,741 Sugar 1,493,408 2,178,612 3,672,020 Sulfur 12,520 2,430,820 2.443,340 Tallow 66,404 39,868 106,272

Textiles 47,136 43,486 90,622 Tobacco and manufactures 9,558 4,370 1 3,928 Toluene 51,956 65 52,021 Wax, paraffin 15,533 17,104 32,637 Wheat 7,213,478 1,756,966 8,970,444 Wool, raw 68 19,107 19,175

All other 8,369,645 7,686,453 16,056,098 Total 78,259,299 62,211,519 140,470,818
IIS

other Statistics

Table 13.— Water Supply and Usage

Percent of usage

Fiscal year fiscal year

' 1984 InJ '

' 1984 1983

' (Acre feel) Madden and Gatun Lake Water Supply:

Total runoff. Madden Lake Basin 2,160,415 1,334,650 Evaporation from Madden Lake 44,821 36,993 Municipal water use Madden Lake 81,865 80,028

Available for Madden Lake usage 2,033,729 1,217,629 Total runoff, Gatun Lake (area below Madden) . . . 2,775,947 1,637,906 Subtotal 4,809,676 2,855,535 Evaporation from Gatun Lake 433,455 444,508

Available for Gatun watershed usage 4,376,221 2,411,027

Madden Lake Water Usage: ^^ ,0-. . ,^<: .ci 01 00 Hydroelectric power 1,457,483 1,165,151 81 88 Leakage '4.519 14,479 1 1 Spillway'discharge 241,093 62,351 13 5 Municipal 81-865 80,028 _A _6

Total Madden Lake usage 1J94,960 1,322,009 M M

Gatun Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power K7 1 1 ,708 425,023 43 18 Lockages, Gatun and Pedro Miguel 1,876,653 1,858,609 47 78 Municipal and other usages 94,975 94,654 2 4

Spillway discharge 303,007 _8 ^.^

Total Gatun Lake usage 3,986,343 2,378,286 M M

Table 14.— Dredging Operations— Fiscal Year 1984

(Cubic yards) Earth Rock Total

SaiD,s[iu!t":::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2,5^8:415 V52,645 3,030:466

Atlantic District Grand Total 2,578,415 452.045 3,030,460
116 OTHER STATISTICS

Table 15.— Electrical Power Generated

(Gigawatt hours) '

Generation: Gatun hydro station 93 Madden hydro station 162 Thermal generating stations 347 Gross generated by Panama Canal Commission 602

Less station service usage (13) Net total generated by Panama Canal Commission 589 Power Purchases: Through interconnect from Panama 2 Net Energy charged for Wheeling 8 Power Sales: Through interconnect to Panama (66) Net power generated and purchases for Canal area only 533 Other power generated by military for own use .

Total Canal area requirements 533 Power distributed to Comission's customers 488

Distribution losses 45 Peak load (thousands of kilowatts) 84 Date of peak load Feb. 27 Canal area load factor ^ 72.6%

1983

'

27

114 440

581

(16) 565

(7) 567

567

52344

91 Apr. 4 71.4%

' One gigawatt hour equal to I million kilowatt hours.

2 Total Canal area requirements divided by number of hours per year times peak load.

Table 16.— Fire Statistics

Fiscal Year 1983

ber of Properly

fires loss PCC 86 $168,887

Armed Forces 329 36,280

Private (including ships) 61 372,066 R.P.* i04 50,830

Total 580 $628,063

Value of Property involved in ship fires $103,418,187 Value of Property involved in other fires 90,789,357

Calls for emergency aid ** 2,729 Total number of calls (all types) responded to 3,453

* Statistics started as of October I, 1979 due to the Treaty implementation.

** Includes Fire Apparatus and Ambulance.

Fiscal Year 1984

' Number of

fires 164 474

82 265

1

Properly

loss $8,259 43,710

189,768 9,195 985 $250,932

)

\

$46,626,259

100,950,457 2,926 4,102

"ililili"

3 1262 08508 lobo