69

APPENDICES
A-1

Appendix A: Scientific Framework
A-2

Appendix A: Scientific Framework

The scientific framework and the hatchery review approach used in the APRE process is 

based on the work products of the Hatchery Scientific Review Group (HSRG). These 

work products and the background on the HSRG project are available on the internet at 

www.hatcheryreform.org . Table A-1 shows the operational guidelines as they were 

adapted to the APRE review of individual hatchery programs in the Columbia River.

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes
A-3

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

Broodstock Choice

Wild fish should make up less than 

5% of the broodstock for this 

program. X X X X

Broodstock Choice

The broodstock chosen should 

represent natural populations 

native or adapted to the watersheds 

in which hatchery fish will be 

released. X X X X X X X X X

Broodstock Choice

The broodstock chosen should 

have a pathogen history that 

indicates no threat to other 

populations in the watershed. X X X

Broodstock Choice

The broodstock chosen should 

have the desired life history traits 

to meet harvest goals. X X X X

Broodstock Collection

Sufficient broodstock should be 

collected to maintain an effective 

population size of 1000 fish per 

generation. X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

Integrated Hatchery Operations 

Team (IHOT) and Pacific 

Northwest Fish Health Protection 

Committee (PNFHPC) standards 

should be followed for broodstock 

fish health inspection. X X X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

The broodstock should be 

collected and held in a manner that 

results in less than 10% 

prespawning mortality. X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

Integrated Hatchery Operations 

Team (IHOT) adult holding 

standards should be followed for 

loading. X X X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

Sufficient numbers of donors 

should be collected from the 

natural stock to minimize founder 

effects when a program is initiated. X X X X X
A-4

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

Broodstock Collection

Representative samples of natural 

and hatchery population 

components should be collected 

with respect to size, age, sex ratio, 

run and spawn timing, and other 

traits important to long-term 

fitness. X X X X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

10% or more of the broodstock 

should be derived from wild fish 

each year. X X X X X X

Broodstock Collection

The proportion of the spawners 

brought into the hatchery should 

follow a “spread-the-risk” strategy 

that attempts to improve the 

probability of survival for the 

entire population. X X X

Broodstock Collection

If the wild population has 150 fish 

or more, collection of wild 

broodstock should be limited to 

30% of the population. X X X X

Broodstock Collection

The program should avoid the use 

of stocks from outside the 

watershed. X X X X X

Adult Holding

Hatchery intake screening for the 

adult holding supply should 

comply with Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) and 

National Marine Fisheries Service 

facility standards. X X X X X X

Adult Holding

The water used for adult holding 

should meet or exceed the 

recommended Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) water 

quality standards for temperature. X X X X X X X
A-5

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

Adult Holding

The water supply for adult holding 

should be protected by flow and/or 

pond level alarms at the holding 

pond. X X X

Adult Holding

Water for adult holding should be 

available from multiple sources. X X

Spawning

Males and females available for 

spawning on a given day should be 

randomly mated. X X X X X X

Spawning

Gametes should not be pooled 

prior to fertilization. X X X X X X

Spawning

Precocious males (mini-jacks and 

jacks) should be used for spawning 

as a set percentage or in proportion 

to their contribution to the adult 

run. X X X X X X

Spawning

Dissinfection procedures during 

adult spawning should be 

implemented that prevent pathogen 

transmission between stocks of 

fish on site. X X X X X X

Spawning

Back-up males should be used in 

the spawning protocol. X X X X

Incubation

The water used for incubation 

should meet or exceed the 

recommended Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) water 

quality standards for temperature. X X X X X X X

Incubation

The water used for incubation 

should meet or exceed the 

recommended Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) water 

quality standards for the following 

compounds: ammonia, carbon X X X X X X X
A-6

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

dioxide, chlorine, pH, copper, 

dissolved oxygen, hydrogen 

sulfide, dissolved nitrogen, iron, 

and zinc. 

Incubation

IHOT species-specific incubation 

recommendations should be 

followed for water temperature. X X X X X X X

Incubation

IHOT species-specific incubation 

recommendations should be 

followed for density parameters. X X X X X X X

Incubation

Disinfection procedures should be 

implemented during incubation 

that prevent pathogen transmission 

between stocks of fish on site. X X X X X X X

Incubation

Hatchery intake screening for the 

incubation water supply should 

comply with Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) and 

National Marine Fisheries Service 

facility standards. X X X X X X

Incubation 

If eggs are culled, culling should 

be done randomly over all 

segments of the egg-take. X X X X X X

Incubation 

Eggs should be incubated under 

conditions that result in equal 

survival of all segments of the 

population to ponding. X X X X X

Incubation

The water source for incubation 

should be pathogen-free. X X X

Incubation

The water supply for incubation 

should be protected by flow alarms 

at the incubation unit(s). X X X

Incubation

IHOT species-specific incubation 

recommendations should be X X X X X
A-7

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

followed for using substrate. 

Incubation

Water for incubation should be 

available from multiple sources. X X

Incubation 

Families should be incubated 

individually. X X X X

Rearing

Rearing water should have a 

chemical profile significantly 

different from natural stream 

conditions to provide adequate 

imprinting of hatchery fish and 

minimize the attraction of naturally 

produced fish into the hatchery. X X X X X X X X

Rearing

The water used for rearing should 

meet or exceed the recommended 

Integrated Hatchery Operations 

Team (IHOT) water quality 

standards for temperature. X X X X X X X

Rearing

The water used for rearing should 

meet or exceed the recommended 

Integrated Hatchery Operations 

Team (IHOT) water quality 

standards for the following 

compounds: ammonia, carbon 

dioxide, chlorine, pH, copper, 

dissolved oxygen, hydrogen 

sulfide, dissolved nitrogen, iron, 

and zinc. X X X X X X X

Rearing

The correct amount and type of 

food should be provided to achieve 

the desired growth rate for the 

species and life stage being reared. X X X X X X X

Rearing

The correct amount and type of 

food should be provided to achieve 

the desired condition factor for the X X X X X X X
A-8

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

species and life stage being reared. 

Rearing

Juvenile rearing density and 

loading guidelines used at the 

facility should be based on lifestage specific survival studies 

conducted on-site. X X X X X X X

Rearing

The hatchery should operate to 

allow all migrating species of all 

ages to by-pass or pass through 

hatchery related structures. X X X X X

Rearing

Hatchery intake screening for the 

rearing water supply should 

comply with Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) and 

National Marine Fisheries Service 

facility standards. X X X X X X

Rearing

IHOT fish health guidelines should 

be followed to prevent pathogen 

transmission between lots or stocks 

of fish on site or transmission or 

amplification to or within the 

watershed. X X X X X X

Rearing

The water used for rearing should 

provide natural water temperature 

profiles that result in fish similar in 

size to naturally produced fish of 

the same species. X X X X X X X X

Rearing

If juveniles are culled, culling 

should be done randomly over all 

segments of the population. X X X X X X

Rearing

The program should attempt to 

better mimic the natural stream 

environment by rearing under X X X X X X X X
A-9

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

natural water temperature profiles.

Rearing

Fish should be reared under 

conditions that result in equal 

survival of all segments of the 

population to release. X X X X X

Rearing

The program should use a diet and 

growth regime that mimics natural 

seasonal growth patterns. X X X X X X X

Rearing

The program should attempt to 

better mimic the natural stream 

environment by providing natural 

or artificial cover. X X X X X X

Rearing

The water source for rearing 

should be specific-pathogen free. X X X

Rearing

The water supply for rearing 

should be protected by flow alarms 

at the rearing unit(s). X X X

Rearing

IHOT juvenile rearing standards 

should be followed for alarm 

systems. X X X X X

Rearing

IHOT juvenile rearing standards 

should be followed for predator 

control measures to provide the 

necessary security for the cultured 

stock. X X X X X

Rearing

Rearing water should be available 

from multiple sources. X X

Rearing

Fish should be reared in multiple 

facilities or with redundant 

systems to reduce the risk of 

catastrophic loss. X X X

Release

Fish produced should be 

qualitatively similar to natural fish X X X X X X X X X
A-10

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

in growth rate.

Release

Fish should be identified with 

nonlethal detectable identification 

marks or tags. X X X X X X X

Release

Marking/tagging techniques should 

be used to distinguish between the 

hatchery and natural populations. X X X X X X X

Release

Fish produced should be 

qualitatively similar to natural fish 

in physiological status. X X X X X X X X

Release

Volitional releases during natural 

out-migration timing should be 

practiced. X X X X X X X X

Release

Fish should be released at an 

optimum time and size that has 

been determined by a site-specific 

survival study. X X X X X X X

Release

Fish should be released in numbers 

that do not exceed the carrying 

capacity for the natural population. X X X X X X X X

Release

Fish should be released in same 

drainage as rearing facility. X X X X X X

Release

Marking/tagging techniques should 

be used to distinguish among 

segments of the hatchery 

population. X X X X X

Release

Fish produced should be 

qualitatively similar to natural fish 

in size. X X X X X X X X

Release

Fish should be released at sizes 

and life history stages similar to 

those of natural fish of the same 

species. X X X X X X X X

Release Fish produced should be X X X X X X X X
A-11

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

qualitatively similar to natural fish 

in behavior.

Facilities

The facility should operate within 

the limitations established in 

National Pollution Discharge 

Elimination System permit. X X X X X X

M&E

Accurate fish inventory data that 

reflects pond populations within 

10% should be maintained with a 

minimum of handling stress. X X X X X X X

M&E

Goals for the program should be 

documented so that results can be 

adequately evaluated. X X X X X

M&E

Results of program evaluation 

should be reported/documented so 

that they can be taken into 

consideration when determining 

whether hatchery operations 

should be changed. X X X X X

Effectiveness

Adults from this program should 

not make up more than 30% of the 

natural spawning escapement (for 

the species/race) in the subbasin. X X X X X X

Accountability

All new relevant information from 

research or other sources should be 

made available to hatchery staff 

and others and used for attaining 

goals. X X X X

Accountability

The most recent information 

obtained from monitoring and 

evaluation programs for the 

production cycle, including 

performance indicators and 

progress toward goals, should be X X X X
A-12

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

taken into consideration when 

determining whether hatchery 

operations should be changed or 

not.

Accountability

Standards should be specified for 

in-culture performance of hatchery 

fish and their offspring. X X X X

Accountability

Standards should be specified for 

post release performance of 

hatchery fish and their offspring. X X X X

Education

The hatchery facility should be 

open to the public during hours of 

operation. X

Education

Hatchery operations should be 

visible to facility visitors. X

Education

Hatchery operations (egg take, 

incubation, rearing) should be 

demonstrated to the public. X

Education

 The facility should have a fish 

ladder and/or adult holding 

facilities that are open to the 

public. X

Education

 The hatchery should have signage 

describing the facility, fish 

production goals, ties to 

management goals, ecosystem 

function. X

Education

 There should be a visible link to 

riparian zone such as viewing 

boardwalk or bridge. X

Education

 The hatchery should regularly 

schedule tours for groups. X

Education

The program should provide 

opportunities for student interns. X
A-13

TABLE A-1. Operational guidelines and their 

applicability as used in the APRE review 

(adapted from Hatchery Scientific Review Group)

Applicable 

Programs

Affected 

Outcomes

Operational 

Phase Guidelines

IntegratedSegregatedEducation (Yes on 2032)HarvestConservationHarvestBiological SignificanceSurvival (Viability)Ecological InteractionsGenetic InteractionsEnvironment (Passage, NPDES Discharge, Nutrient Enhancement)M & E

Education

 The program should provide 

opportunities for citizen volunteer 

involvement. X

Education

The agency should maintain a web 

page describing the hatchery 

program. X

Education

 A pamphlet or brochure 

describing the agency or hatchery 

programs should be available. X

Education

Hatchery staff should be involved 

in community/volunteer meetings 

or outreach programs. X

Education

Hatchery staff should regularly 

give classroom presentations. X

Education

 Hatchery staff should participate 

in formal professional 

presentations/seminars. X

Education

 Where appropriate and beneficial, 

the facility should be used and 

staff should participate in agency, 

university, or other research 

projects? X

Education

Data and information pertaining to 

the program should be accessible 

to interested parties. X
B-1

Appendix B: APRE Questionnaire, Form 1
B-2

Appendix B: APRE Questionnaire, Form I

APRE FORM 11: CURRENT STATUS and GOALS for Stocks and Habitat 

(The following is a list of the questions in form 1, the actual form as used in the survey 

can be viewed on APRE on-line questionnaire.)

Name of STOCK: ______________________________

1. [#2028] Is a hatchery program associated with this stock?

a. yes

b. no

2. [#2029] If the answer to Question 1 was yes, is this an integrated2program?

a. yes

b. no

3. [#2030] Is the purpose of the program to provide harvest?

a. yes

b. no

4. [#2031] Is the purpose of the program to contribute to conservation/ recovery?

a. yes

b. no

5. [#2032] Is the purpose of the program to contribute to research and/or education?

a. yes

b. no

6. [#2033] Is the program mitigation for hydro impacts?

a. yes

b. no

7. [#2034] Is the program mitigation for habitat loss?

a. yes

b. no

 

1

 Dr. Don A. Dillman, Washington State University, provided invaluable help in structuring this form to 

assure accurate and complete responses to the questions.

2 A principal goal of an integrated hatchery programs is to minimize genetic divergence of the hatchery 

broodstock/population from a naturally spawning population. In an idealized integrated program, naturalorigin and hatchery-origin fish within a particular watershed simply represent two genetically equal 

components of a common gene pool, where habitat conditions experienced by the natural component drive 

the local adaptation of the stock.

In contrast, a segregated hatchery program is one in which the goal is to allow the hatchery population to 

evolve along its own trajectory while minimizing genetic interactions with natural populations. As a 

consequence, segregated broodstocks can change genetically over time via domestication effects and 

hatchery management practices (e.g. selective breeding for run timing).
B-3

8. [#2035] Is the program mitigation for impacts other than hydro and habitat loss?

a. yes

b. no

The following questions pertain to the Biological Significance3 of the stock:

9. [#3] What is the ESA status for this stock?

a. Endangered

b. Threatened

c. Candidate

d. Not listed and not a candidate for listing

Comment:

Data Source:

10. [#4] Which of the following best describes the origin for this stock?

a. Native 

b. Admixture: > 50% native genes

c. Admixture: < 50% native genes

d. Reintroduced: species occurred historically in watershed, was extirpated, but 

stock transfers re-established species in watershed

e. Introduced: species was historically absent from watershed/habitat

f. Harvest: species was historically absent from watershed/habitat but introduced 

for harvest purposes

Comment:

Data Source:

11. [#5] Which of the following best describes the population characteristics of this stock?

a. Population has unique, irreplaceable phenotypic attributes (e.g. fish size, run 

timing, age structure, etc.) that are not shared with other stocks within or outside 

the province.

b. Population is common within the province : it shares phenotypic attributes with 

other stocks within the province, but not outside the province.

c. Population is common: key phenotypic attributes are shared with other stocks 

within and outside the province.

Comment:

Data Source:

12. [#6] How many distinct spatially-separated spawning aggregations are within this stock?

a. < 5

b. > 5

Comment:

Data Source:

 

3

 The Biological Significance of a stock is a measure of its evolutionary importance in the context of its 

ESU. It is a function of stock origin, uniqueness (of phenotypic characteristics), and population structure 

(within the stock and within the ESU).
B-4

13. [#7] How many total stocks (of the same species/race) are there within the province 

or adjacent provinces?

a. < 3

b. > 3 

Comment:

Data Source:

The following questions pertain to the Viability4 of the stock:

14. [#8] What is the effective population size of this stock? (May be approximated by 

census data.)

a. Ne < 100 

b. 100 < Ne < 500

c. 500 < Ne < 2,500

d. 2,500 < Ne < 5,000

e. Ne > 5,000

Comment:

Source of data/information:

15. [#9] What is the intrinsic rate of population growth (R/S at low densities)?

(**NOTE: Question is worded differently on the web form**)

a. Population is highly productive and sustains high harvest levels (R/S > 5)

b. Population is stable while supporting a moderate harvest (3 < R/S < 5) 

c. Population is clearly stable (2 < R/S < 3) 

d. Population appears to be replacing itself (1 < R/S < 2)

e. Population is declining (R/S < 1)

Comment:

Source of data/information:

16. [#10] For a natural stock or integrated hatchery stock, what proportion of the natural 

spawners for this stock are hatchery-origin returns (HoR)?

a. HoR < 1% 

b. 1% < HoR < 5 %

c. 5% < HoR < 30%

d. HoR >30%

Comment:

Source of data/information:

 

4

 The viability of a stock is a measure of its genetic fitness, i.e. its ability to persist within the natural 

environment (for natural or integrated hatchery populations) or in the combined hatchery and receiving 

natural habitat (for segregated hatchery populations).
B-5

17. [#2027] For segregated hatchery populations, what proportion of eggs, fry or adults 

are from wild fish or another hatchery?

a. < 1% 

b. 1% - 5 %

c. 5% - 30%

d. >30%

Comment:

Source of data/information:

The next set of questions deals with Goals for stock status, habitat, and harvest.

18. [#11] Assign a rating of “High,” “Medium,” or “Low” to short-term and long-term 

goals for biological significance, viability, and habitat for this stock with respect to the 

following definitions:

Biological significance is determined by considering a number of specific factors relating to 

stock origin, biological attributes and population subdivisions, with the stock defined as being of 

either low, medium or high significance.

Population viability is also determined by considering a number of specific factors such as age 

class structure, spawner escapement and proportion of hatchery-origin fish in natural spawning, 

with the stock’s viability defined as being either critical, at risk or healthy. This rating refers to 

the stock’s ability to sustain itself in the natural environment (except in the case of a segregated 

harvest program, in which case the ratings are low, medium and high and refer to the stock’s 

ability to sustain itself in the culture environment). 

Habitat: The stock’s spawning, freshwater, migration and estuarine habitat is rated as either 

inadequate (Low) (target stock is unproductive and the population will go extinct, even without 

terminal harvest), limiting (Medium) (target stock is productive enough for the population to 

sustain itself at a low level terminal harvest) or healthy (High) (productivity of the stock is high 

and the population is capable of growth and supporting significant terminal harvest).

Biological 

significance 

Viability Habitat

Present Status

Short-term goal 

(10-15 yrs)

Long-term goal

(30-50 yrs)

Comment:

Source of data/information:
B-6

19-23. [#12, 121, 122, 123, and 124] 

Assign a rating of H, M, L, or N for each type of fishery (targeted and consumptive 

fisheries) for this stock for:

ß Present (current status)

ß Short-term (10-15 years) goal

ß Long-term (30-50 years) goal 

Using the definitions:

ß H = High (harvest opportunity each year, spread over seasons)

ß M = Medium (opportunity most years, for some seasons)

ß L = Low (occasional opportunity, single run)

ß N = No harvest opportunity

Location of Fishery

Marine L Columbia Zone 6 U. Columbia Subbasin

Present

Commercial Short-term

Long-term

Present

Ceremonial Short-term

Long-term

Present

Subsistence Short-term

Long-term

Present

Short-term

Recreational 

Harvest

Long-term

Present

Short-term

Type of Fishery

Recreational 

Catch and

Release5

Long-term

Comment:

Source of data/information:

The questions that follow deal address potential impacts of hatchery programs on

the target stock

24. [#2036] Do you have a numerical goal for total catch in all fisheries?

a. yes

b. no

 

5

 A recreational catch and release fishery is one where the purpose of the fishery is to catch and release the 

target stock. It does not refer to the incidental catch of the stock in fisheries that are targeting marked fish 

or fish of a different species.
B-7

25. [#2037] Do you have a goal for spawning escapement composition (hatchery vs. 

natural) in the hatchery? APPLIES TO HATCHERY PROGRAMS ONLY

a. yes

b. no

26. [#2038] Do you have a goal for spawning escapement composition (hatchery vs. 

natural) in the wild?

a. yes

b. no

27. [#2039] Do you have a goal for smolt-to-adult return survival? APPLIES TO 

HATCHERY PROGRAMS ONLY

a. yes

b. no

28. [#2040] Do you have goals for recruits per spawner (R/S)?

a. yes

b. no

29. [#2041] How often do you compute the recruits per spawner for this stock?

a. every year

b. periodically (at least once every five years)

c. seldom

d. never 

30. [#2042] Are the goals to this program documented? (Indicate source of 

documentation below.) APPLIES TO HATCHERY PROGRAMS ONLY

a. yes

b. no

31. [#2043] Are results of program evaluation reported/documented? (Indicate source 

below.) APPLIES TO HATCHERY PROGRAMS ONLY

a. yes

b. no
B-8

32. [#14] For natural stocks, how is the stock potentially (directly or indirectly) affected 

by hatchery programs in the subbasin? Through:

a. directed supplementation

b. unintended straying

c. competition

d. predation

e. hatchery structures or water quality/quantity

f. broodstock collection

g. monitoring and research activities

h. not affected

i. harvest

Comments:

Data Source:

33. [#13] Catch and Escapement. Enter catch and escapement information in the lefthand table and survival information in the right-hand table for this stock for the most 

recent 12 years for which data is available. Enter goals in the shaded, first row of each 

table. Enter NA if Not Applicable and M if information is Missing.

Escapement

Return 

Year

Total Catch 

(all ages)

NoR’s 

Spawning

NoR’s to 

Hatchery HoR’s

Brood 

Year

Smolt to 

Adult 

Return 

Survival 

(%)

Recruits 

per 

Spawner

Goal

Comment:

Source of data/information:
C-1

Appendix C: APRE Questionnaire, Form 2
C-2

APRE FORM 21: Hatchery Program Description

(The following is a list of the questions in form 1, the actual form as used in the survey 

can be viewed on APRE on-line questionnaire.)

Form 2 has four parts: Parts A covers hatchery program description, Part B consists of the 

questions derived from the APRE framework (conditions for success), Part C covers the 

Hatchery Genetics Management Plan items related to threatened and endangered species 

(response to most of the HGMP items will be provided though the answers to Part B 

questions), and Part D covers the supporting data.

The questions that follow all pertain to the following hatchery program 

_____________________________(NAME OF PROGRAM)

_____________________________(SUBBASIN –of release)

_____________________________(PROVINCE –of release)

_____________________________(SPECIES/RACE)

_____________________________(DATE)

Part A: Program Description

The first set of questions deal with a general description of the hatchery program.

Question 1: [1121] Using the table provide the planned release numbers, size data, 

release date and release location for the program.

 Location

Age Class

Maximum 

Number Size (fpp)

Release 

Date Stream

Release 

Point 

(RKm)

Major 

Watershed

Ecoprovince

Eggs

Unfed Fry

Fry

Fingerling

Yearling

Data Source

 

1

 Dr. Don A. Dillman, Washington State University, provided invaluable help in structuring this form to 

assure accurate and complete responses to the questions. 
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Question 2: [#2053]

Briefly describe the hatchery program including the following items:

Broodstock source: _____________________________________________

Broodstock collection location (Stream, RKM, subbasin):_______________

Adult holding location (Stream, RKM, subbasin):_____________________

Spawning location (Stream, RKM, subbasin):________________________

Incubation location (Facility name, stream, RKM, subbasin):____________

Rearing location (Facility name, stream, RKM, subbasin):______________

Comments: 

Source:

Question 3: [#1003] 

First, identify the agency or organization that operates this hatchery program: 

______________________(name of agency)

Next, the name and address of the contact person for the program is:

Name: _______________________

Address: ____________________________________

____________________________________

Phone: ___________________________

Fax: _______________________

Email: _______________________. 

Question 4: [#1004] 

Name any co-operators (other agencies, tribes, or organizations involved—including 

contractors) involved with this program:

1. _______________________ 4. ___________________________

2. _______________________ 5. ___________________________

3. _______________________ 6. ___________________________

For each cooperator briefly describe their involvement in the program:

1. 

2.

etc.
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The next three questions deal with program funding and costs. Note that these 

costs/funds pertain to the specific program costs- NOT to those of the entire facility 

or complex. 

(If cost estimates for the individual program is not available, indicate the total cost 

for the facility and the proportion of the total poundage attributable to this 

program.)

Question 5: [#1005] 

First, what are the funding sources for the program?

 List sources:

________________________ 

________________________ 

Question 6: [#2005] 

a. Next, what is the number of full time equivalent staff?___________[enter number] 

b. What are the annual operating costs? ________[enter approximate dollar amount]

Question 7: [#1020] 

What was the first year of operation for this hatchery program? (This is the first year fish 

were released for this program.)

 _____________ [enter year here]?

Question 8: [#1007] (Note: this question is worded as a multiple choice question on the 

web form***)

Hatchery programs are typically classified as either integrated or segregated.

Is your program integrated. _____(Yes or No)

(If No we can assume that it is segregated)
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Next we will talk about the purpose of your program.

Question 9: [#1008] 

a. Is it the purpose of the program to provide harvest?. _____(Yes or No)

b. Is it the purpose of the program to contribute to conservation/recovery? 

_____(Yes or No)

c. Is the purpose of the program research and/or education. _____(Yes or No)

Question 10: [#1009] 

a) Is this program mitigation for hydro impacts? _____ (Yes or No)

b) Is this program mitigation for habitat loss? _____ (Yes or No)

c) Is this program mitigation for impacts other than hydro or habitat? _____ (Yes 

or No)

The following question pertains to the guidelines followed by your program.

Question 11: [#2054]

List the fish culture guidelines followed for this program (check all that apply)

a) ______IHOT

b) ______PNFHPC

c) ______State guidelines

d) ______Tribal guidelines

e) ______Federal guidelines

f) ______Other guidelines (please specify)

Part B: Facilities and Operations

Next we would like to talk about the facilities and operations involved with 

your hatchery program. First we have several questions that deal with the water

sources used for adult holding, incubation and rearing. We start with adult holding. 

(If standards other than IHOT are followed, specify in comments section.)

Question 12: [#1033] 

For adult holding:

a) Is the water source [for adult holding] gravity flow? _______(Yes or No)

b) Is the water source [for adult holding] pumped? _______(Yes or No)

c) Is the water source [for adult holding] pathogen-free? _______(Yes or No)

d) Is the water source [for adult holding] specific-pathogen free? _______(Yes or No)

e) Is the water source [for adult holding] fish free? _______(Yes or No)

f) Is the water source [for adult holding] accessible to anadromous fish? _______(Yes or 

No)

g) Is water [for adult holding] available from multiple sources? _______(Yes or No)

h) Is water [for adult holding] from the natal stream for the cultured stock? _______(Yes 

or No)

i) Does the water used [for adult holding] result in natural water temperature profiles 

that provide optimum maturation and gamete development? _______(Yes or No)
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j) Does the water used [for adult holding] meet or exceed the recommended Integrated 

Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for temperature? 

_______(Yes or No)

k) Does the water used [for adult holding] meet or exceed the recommended Integrated 

Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for the following 

compounds: ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, pH, copper, dissolved oxygen, 

hydrogen sulfide, dissolved nitrogen, iron, and zinc? _______(Yes or No)

l) Is the water supply [for adult holding] protected by flow alarms at the intake(s) ? 

_______(Yes or No)

m) Is the water supply [for adult holding] protected by flow alarms at the head box? 

_______(Yes or No)

n) Is the water supply [for adult holding] protected by flow and/or pond level alarms at 

the holding pond(s) ? _______(Yes or No)

o) Is the water supply [for adult holding] protected by back-up power generation? 

_______(Yes or No)

p) Do naturally produced fish have access to intake screens? _______(Yes or No)

q) Do hatchery intake screening comply with Integrated Hatchery Operations Team 

(IHOT) and National Marine Fisheries Service facility standards? _______(Yes or 

No)

Next we go to water source questions for incubation.

Question 13. [#1035] 

For incubation:

a. Is the water source [for incubation] gravity flow? _______(Yes or No)

b. Is the water source [for incubation] pumped? _______(Yes or No)

c. Is the water source [for incubation] pathogen-free? _______(Yes or No)

d. Is the water source [for incubation] specific-pathogen free? _______(Yes 

or No)

e. Is the water source [for incubation] fish free? _______(Yes or No)

f. Is the water source [for incubation] accessible to anadromous fish? 

_______(Yes or No)

g. Is water [for incubation] available from multiple sources? _______(Yes or 

No)

h. Is water [for incubation] from the natal stream for the cultured stock? 

_______(Yes or No)

i. Does the water used [for incubation] provide natural water temperature 

profiles that result in hatching/emergence timing similar to that of the 

naturally produced stock? _______(Yes or No)

j. Can incubation water [for incubation] be heated or chilled to approximate 

natural water temperature profiles? _______(Yes or No)

k. Does the water used [for incubation] meet or exceed the recommended 

Integrated Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for 

temperature? _______(Yes or No)
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l. Does the water used [for incubation] meet or exceed the recommended 

Integrated Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for 

the following compounds: ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, pH, copper, 

dissolved oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved nitrogen, iron, and zinc? 

_______(Yes or No)

m. Is the water supply [for incubation] protected by flow alarms at the 

intake(s) ? _______(Yes or No)

n. Is the water supply [for incubation] protected by flow alarms at the head 

box ? _______(Yes or No)

o. Is the water supply [for incubation] protected by flow alarms at the 

incubation unit(s) ? _______(Yes or No)

p. Is the water supply [for incubation] protected by back-up power 

generation? _______(Yes or No)

q. Do naturally produced fish have access to intake screens? _______(Yes or 

No)

r. Does hatchery intake screening comply with Integrated Hatchery 

Operations Team (IHOT) and National Marine Fisheries Service facility 

standards? _______(Yes or No)

Next a similar set of questions for the rearing water supply.

Question 14. [#1037] 

For rearing:

a. Is the water source [for rearing] gravity flow? _______(Yes or No)

b. Is the water source [for rearing] pumped? _______(Yes or No)

c. Is the water source [for rearing] pathogen-free? _______(Yes or No)

d. Is the water source [for rearing] specific-pathogen free? _______(Yes or No)

e. Is the water source [for rearing] fish free? _______(Yes or No)

f. Is the water source [for rearing] accessible to anadromous fish? _______(Yes or No)

g. Is water [for rearing] available from multiple sources? _______(Yes or No)

h. Is water [for rearing] from the natal stream for the cultured stock? _______(Yes or 

No)

i. Does the water used [for rearing] provide natural water temperature profiles that 

result in fish similar in size to naturally produced fish of the same species? 

_______(Yes or No)

j. Does rearing water [for rearing] have a chemical profile significantly different from 

natural stream conditions to provide adequate imprinting of hatchery fish and 

minimize the attraction of naturally produced fish into the hatchery? _______(Yes or 

No)

k. Does the hatchery operate to allow all migrating species of all ages to by-pass or pass 

through hatchery related structures? _______(Yes or No)

l. Are adequate flows maintained to provide unimpeded passage of adults and juveniles 

in the by-pass reach created by hatchery water withdrawals? _______(Yes or No)
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m. Does the water used [for rearing] meet or exceed the recommended Integrated 

Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for temperature? 

_______(Yes or No)

n. Does the water used [for rearing] meet or exceed the recommended Integrated 

Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) water quality standards for the following 

compounds: ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, pH, copper, dissolved oxygen, 

hydrogen sulfide, dissolved nitrogen, iron, and zinc? _______(Yes or No)

o. Is the water supply [for rearing] protected by flow alarms at the intake(s) ? 

_______(Yes or No)

p. Is the water supply protected [for rearing] by flow alarms at the head box ? 

_______(Yes or No)

q. Is the water supply [for rearing] protected by flow alarms at the rearing unit(s) ? 

_______(Yes or No)

r. Is the water supply [for rearing] protected by back-up power generation? 

_______(Yes or No)

s. Do naturally produced fish have access to intake screens? _______(Yes or No)

t. Do hatchery intake screening comply with Integrated Hatchery Operations Team 

(IHOT) and National Marine Fisheries Service facility standards? _______(Yes or 

No)

Next we take a look at the hatchery discharge.

Question 15. [#1039] 

a. Does the facility operate within the limitations established in its National 

Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit? _______(Yes 

or No)

b. If the production from this facility falls below the minimum production 

requirement for an NPDES permit, does the facility operate in compliance 

with state or federal regulations for discharge? _______(Yes or No)

c. Does the facility have a discharge permit? _______(Yes or No)

The next set of questions deal with broodstock collection.

Question 16: [#1246] 

In this hatchery program:

a. is broodstock collected by volitional return to adult capture pond? _______(Yes or 

No)

b. is broodstock collected at another facility? _______(Yes or No)

c. is broodstock collected from wild by weir? _______(Yes or No)

d. is broodstock collected from wild by net? _______(Yes or No)

e. is broodstock collected from wild by hook and line? _______(Yes or No)

f. is broodstock collected from wild by gaffing? _______(Yes or No)

g. is broodstock collected by methods other than those mentioned above? 

_______(Yes or No)
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h. does spawning take place in covered facility? _______(Yes or No)

i. does spawning takes place at remote location? _______(Yes or No)

The following questions pertain to CHOICE of broodstock

Question 17: [#1260] 

Does the broodstock chosen represent natural populations native to the watersheds in 

which hatchery fish will be released? _______(Yes or No)

Question 18: [#1261] 

If stock has been extirpated, is the broodstock chosen likely to adapt to the system based 

on life history and evolutionary history? _______(Yes or No)

Question 19: [#1262] 

Does the broodstock chosen display morphological and life history traits similar to the 

natural population? _______(Yes or No)

Question 20: [#1263] 

Does the broodstock chosen have a history of pathogens NOT endemic to the watershed? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 21. [#1264] 

Does the broodstock chosen have the desired life history traits to meet harvest goals? 

(e.g. timing and migration patterns that result in full recruitment to target 

fisheries)_______(Yes or No)

The following information request and questions pertain to COLLECTION of 

broodstock

Question 22: [#1051] 

Are sufficient numbers of donors collected from the natural stock to minimize founder 

effects? _______(Yes or No) 

Question 23: [#1052] 

Is intentional artificial selection of broodstock practiced with respect to size, age, sex 

ratio, run or spawn timing or other trait? _______(Yes or No)

Question 24: [#1053] 

Are representative samples of natural and hatchery population components collected with 

respect to size, age, sex ratio, run and spawn timing, and other traits important to longterm fitness? (For integrated populations, consider both natural and hatchery 

components; for segregated populations, you should only consider the hatchery 

component.) _______(Yes or No)
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Question 25: [#1054] 

Does the proportion of the spawners brought into the hatchery follow a “spread-the-risk” 

strategy that attempts to improve the probability of survival for the entire population 

(hatchery and natural components)? _______(Yes or No)

Question 26. [#1055] 

If the wild population has 150 fish or more, is collection of wild broodstock limited to 

30% of the population? _______(Yes or No)

Question 27: [#1056] 

Are sufficient broodstock collected to maintain an effective population size of 1000 fish 

per generation? (More than 500 successful spawners of each sex.) _______(Yes or No)

Question 28: [#1057] 

Is more than 10% of the broodstock derived from wild fish each year?______(Yes or No)

The following questions pertain to hatchery fish spawning in the wild

Question 29: [#1271] 

Do you have guidelines for acceptable contribution of hatchery origin fish to natural 

spawning? _______(Yes or No)

Question 30: [#1272]

Are guidelines for hatchery contribution to natural spawning met for all affected naturally 

spawning populations? _______(Yes or No)

Please provide relevant documentation to support this answer.

The next set of questions deal with fish health standards for broodstock handling.

Question 31: [#1062] 

Does the program avoid stock transfers and subsequent releases of eggs or fish from 

outside the watershed? _______(Yes or No)

If no, provide a brief description of the transfers in the comments box.

Question 32: [#1063] 

a. Are Integrated Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT), Pacific Northwest Fish 

Health Protection Committee (PNFHPC), state or tribal guidelines followed for 

broodstock fish health inspection? _______(Yes or No)

b. Are IHOT, PNFHPC, state or tribal guidelines followed for transfer of eggs or 

adults? _______(Yes or No)

c. Are IHOT, PNFHPC, state or tribal guidelines followed for broodstock holding 

and disposal of carcasses? _______(Yes or No)
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Question 33: [#1064] 

Is the broodstock collected and held in a manner that results in less than 10% 

prespawning mortality? _______(Yes or No)

The calculation should include capture and holding up to spawning.

Next we address health standards for adult holding...

Question 34: [#1066] 

a. Are Integrated Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) adult holding guidelines 

followed for loading? _______(Yes or No) 

b. Are IHOT adult holding guidelines followed for density? _______(Yes or No) 

c. Are IHOT adult holding guidelines followed for water quality? _______(Yes or 

No) 

d. Are IHOT adult holding guidelines followed for alarm systems? _______(Yes 

or No) 

e. Are IHOT adult holding guidelines followed for predator control measures to 

provide the necessary security for the broodstock? _______(Yes or No)

The following questions pertain to spawning...

Question 35: [#1070] 

Are males and females available for spawning on a given day randomly mated? 

_______(Yes or No) 

Question 36: [#1071] 

Are gametes pooled prior to fertilization? _______(Yes or No) 

Question 37: [#1072] 

Are back-up males used in the spawning protocol? _______(Yes or No)

Question 38: [#1073] 

Are precocious males (e.g. mini-jacks and jacks) used for spawning as a set percentage or 

in proportion to their contribution to the adult run? (note whether mini-jacks are used in 

the comment box.)_______(Yes or No) 

Question 39: [#1076] 

Are fish allowed to select their own mates and go through all normal spawning behavior 

in a natural environment? _______(Yes or No) 

Question 40: [#1077] 

Are disinfection procedures during adult spawning implemented that prevent pathogen 

transmission between stocks of fish on site? (i.e. no leakage into other holding ponds, 

equipment is disinfected, no water reuse, etc.) _______(Yes or No)

(If you have written protocols then list the document in the data source box.)
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Question 41: [#1078] 

Is spawning waste collected and disinfected prior to discharge to receiving water? (e.g. Is 

ovarian fluid and blood from spawning activities disinfected or simply discharged into 

receiving waters? If discharged, the answer is no) _______(Yes or No)

Next we will talk about incubation and rearing operations of the program...

Question 42: [#1081] Are eggs incubated under conditions that result in equal survival 

of all segments of the population to ponding? (Does any portion of the eggs derive a 

survival advantage or disadvantage from incubation procedures? If yes, then mark NO in 

above box.)_______(Yes or No)

Question 43: [#1082] Are incubation conditions manipulated as to synchronize ponding 

of fry? _______(Yes or No)

Question 44: [New Question #2055] For each brood, how many times are eggs culled 

for this program? (Select best answer)

a) 0

b) 1

c) 2

d) >2

Question 45: [#2044] If eggs are culled, is culling done randomly over all segments of 

the egg-take? _______(Yes or No)

Question 46: [#1083] 

Are eggs incubated in a manner that allows volitional ponding of fry? _______(Yes or 

No)

Question 47: [#1097] 

Are families within spawning groups mixed randomly at ponding so that unintentional 

rearing differences affect families equally? _______(Yes or No)

Question 48: [#1084] 

Are families incubated individually? (Includes both eying and 

hatching.)_______(Yes/No)

Question 49: [#1085] 

Does incubation take place in home stream water? _______(Yes or No)

Question 50: [#1086] 

Does the program use water sources that result in hatching/emergence timing similar to 

that of the naturally produced population? _______(Yes or No)
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The next several questions deal with IHOT recommendations for incubation...

Question 51: [#1088] 

a. Are IHOT species-specific incubation recommendations followed for 

water quality? _______(Yes or No)

b. Are IHOT species-specific incubation recommendations followed for 

flows? _______(Yes or No)

c. Are IHOT species-specific incubation recommendations followed for 

temperature? _______(Yes or No)

d. Are IHOT species-specific incubation recommendations followed for 

substrate? _______(Yes or No)

e. Are IHOT species-specific incubation recommendations followed for 

incubator capacities? _______(Yes or No)

 Question 52: [#1089] 

Are disinfection procedures implemented during incubation that prevent pathogen 

transmission between stocks of fish on site? (Do you have written protocols? If so, 

describe in the data source box.) _______(Yes or No)

Question 53: [#1090] 

Are eggs monitored when needed to determine fertilization efficiency and embryonic 

development? (Defines proper time to shock.) _______(Yes or No)

Question 54: [#1091] 

Following eye-up stage, are eggs inventoried, and dead or undeveloped eggs removed 

and disposed of as described in the disease control guidelines? _______(Yes or No) 

Next we will talk about how you determine when fry will be ponded...

Question 55: [#1093] 

a. Are fry removed from incubation units when 80-90% of observed fry have yolksac material that is 80-90% utilized and contained within body cavity (“buttonup”)? _______(Yes or No)

b. Are fry ponded based on visual inspection of the amount of yolk remaining? 

_______(Yes or No)

c. Are fry ponded based on a reaching a specified number of accumulated 

temperature units? _______(Yes or No)

d. Are fry ponded based on a measured maximum wet weight? _______(Yes or No)

e. Are fry ponded based on the recommendations of the facility’s fish health 

specialist? _______(Yes or No)

Question 56: [#1094] 

Are eggs (dead or culled) discarded in a manner that prevents pathogen transmission to 

the receiving watershed? _______(Yes or No)

(Provide protocols in comment or cite data source)
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Question 57: [#1095] 

Are fish reared under conditions that result in equal survival of all segments of the 

population to release? _______(Yes or No) 

(In other words, does any portion of the population derive a survival advantage or 

disadvantage from rearing procedures? If yes, then mark NO in box.)

Question 58: [#1096] 

For Segregated Harvest programs, are all fish reared under environmental conditions to 

improve survival of all segments of the population? _______(Yes or No)

(For example, the answer to this question would be No, if growth of later returning 

steelhead is accelerate to meet juvenile release size guidelines.)

Question 59: [#2056]

For each brood, how often are juveniles culled in this program? (Select the best answer)

a) 0

b) 1

c) 2

d) >2

Question 60: [#1098] 

If juveniles are culled, is culling done randomly over all segments of the population?

(Check the Does not apply box if juveniles are not culled. Otherwise, make sure to 

capture (in the comments box) the number culled, and the rational for culling. Include 

also, the disposition of juveniles)

Question 61: [#1099] 

When required to maintain effective population size, are larger families culled to 

minimize family size variation? _______(Yes or No)

Next we have two questions about fish health...

Question 62: [#1100] 

Are IHOT fish health guidelines followed to prevent pathogen transmission between lots 

or stocks of fish on site or transmission or amplification to or within the watershed? 

_______(Yes or No)

(If other standards/guidelines are used note in comments...get copy of guidelines.)

Question 63. [#1103] 

Whenever possible, are vaccines used to minimize the use of antimicrobial compounds? 

_______(Yes or No)
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The next set of questions deal with Feeding 

Question 64: [#1105] 

Does the operator follow:

a. Are proper feeding rates followed so that fish size is within 10% of 

program goal each year? _______(Yes or No) 

b. Does the operator conduct periodic feed quality analysis? _______(Yes or 

No)

c. Is feed stored under proper conditions as described in IHOT guidelines? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 65. [#1106] 

Is the correct amount and type of food provided to achieve the desired: (Check all that 

apply)

a. Is the correct amount and type of food provided to achieve the desired 

growth rate? _______(Yes or No) 

b. Is the correct amount and type of food provided to achieve the desired 

body composition? _______(Yes or No) 

c. Is the correct amount and type of food provided to achieve the desired 

condition factors for the species and life stage being reared? _______(Yes 

or No)

Note: Body composition (b) determined by internal measurements (lipids etc.) while 

Condition factor (c) is based on physical measurements (Length and weight).

Question 66: [#1109] 

Does the program use a diet and growth regime that mimics natural seasonal growth 

patterns? If not, describe the differences in the comment field. _______(Yes or No)

Note: For most programs this is rapid growth in spring, maintenance condition during 

winter. If yes, note in the comment box how this is determined.

Question 67: [#1110] 

Are settleable solids, unused feed and feces periodically removed to ensure proper 

cleanliness of rearing container? _______(Yes or No)

In the comments field note what the procedure is and cite if there is a document that 

supports a yes answer to the question.
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Next we will talk about whether the program is attempting to mimic natural rearing 

conditions

Question 68: [#1111] Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream 

environment?

a. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by reducing rearing density below agency or other guidelines? 

_______(Yes or No) 

b. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by rearing under natural water temperature? _______(Yes or No) 

c. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by actively simulating photoperiod? _______(Yes or No)

d. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by providing a range of hydraulic characteristics? _______(Yes or No) 

e. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by subsurface feeding conditions? _______(Yes or No)

f. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by predator avoidance training? _______(Yes or No)

g. Is the program attempting to better mimic the natural stream environment 

by providing natural or artificial cover?

The next set of questions deal with the quality of fish produced from the program...

Question 69: [#1112] 

Are the fish produced similar to natural fish: 

a. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in size (fpp and 

length)? _______(Yes or No) 

b. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in morphology? 

_______(Yes or No) 

c. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in behavior? 

_______(Yes or No) 

d. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in growth rate? 

_______(Yes or No) 

e. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in physiological 

status? _______(Yes or No) 

f. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in health? 

_______(Yes or No) 

g. Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in other 

characteristics?__________________(explain)

Next we talk about guidelines for juvenile rearing...

Question 70: [#1113] 

Are fish reared in multiple facilities or with redundant systems to reduce the risk of 

catastrophic loss? _______(Yes or No) 
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Question 71: [#2045] What is the basis for the juvenile rearing density and loading 

guidelines used at the facility?

a. Are juvenile rearing density and loading guidelines used at the facility 

based on standardized agency guidelines? _______(Yes or No)

b. Are juvenile rearing density and loading guidelines used at the facility 

based on life-stage specific survival studies conducted on-site?

_______(Yes or No)

c. Are juvenile rearing density and loading guidelines used at the facility 

based on life-stage specific survival studies conducted at other facilities? 

_______(Yes or No)

d. Are juvenile rearing density and loading guidelines used at the facility 

based on staff experience (e.g. trial and error)? _______(Yes or No)

e. Are juvenile rearing density and loading guidelines used at the facility 

based on other criteria? _______(Yes or No)

Question 72: [1114]

 Are IHOT rearing guidelines followed? 

a. _____Are IHOT juvenile rearing standards followed for water quality? (Yes 

or No) 

b. _____Are IHOT juvenile rearing standards followed for alarm systems? 

(Yes or No) 

c. _____Are IHOT juvenile rearing standards followed for predator control 

measures to provide the necessary security for the cultured stock? (Yes or No)

d. _____Are IHOT juvenile rearing standards followed for loading?

e. _____Are IHOT juvenile rearing standards followed for density?

The next few questions apply to captive broodstock programs only. These questions 

should be skipped if they do not apply.

Question 73: [#1115] 

a. For captive broodstocks, are fish maintained on a natural photoperiod to 

ensure normal maturation? _______(Yes or No)

b. For captive broodstocks, are fish maintained at 120C to minimize disease? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 74: [#1116] 

For captive broodstocks, are diets and growth regimes selected that produce potent, fertile 

gametes and reduce excessive early maturation of fish? _______(Yes or No)

If yes, describe in the comments how this objective is achieved.
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Question 75: [#1117] 

For captive broodstocks, are families reared individually to maintain pedigrees? 

_______(Yes or No)

The next two questions deal with record keeping...

Question 76: [#1118] 

Does the fish inventory data accurately reflect pond or rearing vessel populations within 

10%?._______(Yes or No) 

In the comment box please provide the data to support the answer.

Question 77: [#1119] 

Identify the inventory program (e.g. HATPRO) used at this facility 

.______________________ [text]

Next we turn to questions about hatchery security...

Question 78: [#1255] 

Is the facility sited so as to minimize the risk of catastrophic fish loss from flooding? 

_______(Yes or No)

In the comments box capture relevant data regarding flooding incidences and their 

severity at the hatchery.

Question 79: [#1256] 

Is staff notified of emergency situations at the facility through the use of alarms, 

autodialer, and pagers? _______(Yes or No)

Question 80: [#1257] 

Is the facility continuously staffed to ensure the security of fish stocks on-site? 

_______(Yes or No)

A yes answer means that someone either lives on-site or the facility is staffed 24-hours.

Now we will address the potential environmental impacts of the program...

Question 81: [#1258] 

Has a facility riparian management plan been implemented that incorporates vegetation 

management, herbicide and pesticide use, and surface water management provisions? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 82: [#1259] 

Has an on or off-site facility habitat mitigation plan been implemented? _______(Yes or 

No)

The plan would have been designed to mitigate for hatchery facilities or operations.
C-19

Question 83: [#1120] 

Does the hatchery operate to allow all migrating species of all ages to pass through 

hatchery related structures to maximize use of natural habitat? _______(Yes or No)

Provide rational for answer in comments box

The next set of questions deal release operations of the program.

Question 84: [#1125] 

Are fish released at sizes and life history stages similar to those of natural fish of the 

same species? _______(Yes or No)

Document life-stages released in comment field.

Question 85: [#1126] 

Are fish released at a time, size, location, and in a manner that achieves the harvest goals 

established for the stock? _______(Yes or No)

Question 86: [#1127] 

Are volitional releases during natural out-migration timing practiced? _______(Yes or 

No)

For a yes answer, releases should occur over multiple-days to weeks. At least 90% of the 

fish exit rearing facility voluntarily.

Question 87: [#2046] 

How is the migratory status of the release population determined?

a. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by ATPase 

testing (or other physiological tests)? _______(Yes or No)

b. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by salt-water 

challenge? _______(Yes or No)

c. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by volitional 

release? _______(Yes or No)

d. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by behavior? 

_______(Yes or No)

e. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by condition 

factor? _______(Yes or No)

f. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by physical 

appearance? _______(Yes or No)

g. Is the migratory status of the release population determined by other 

criteria? _______(Yes or No)
C-20

Question 88: [#1128] 

Are fish released in a manner that simulates natural seasonal migratory patterns? 

_______(Yes or No)

Releases should occur over multiple-days to weeks during each season. (But does not 

have to be volitional)

Question 89: [#1129] 

Are fish released at an optimum time and size that has been determined by a site-specific 

survival study? _______(Yes or No)

Cite study in Data Source Field

Question 90: [#1130] 

Are fish released at an optimum time and size that has been determined by survival 

studies from another facility? _______(Yes or No)

Question 91: [#1131] 

Are fish released at a specific time and size specified in an established juvenile 

production goal? _______(Yes or No)

Provide data in comments if not already entered previously.

Question 92: [#1132] 

Are fish released at a specific time and size based on favorable environmental conditions 

in the receiving habitat? _______(Yes or No)

Describe in comments

Question 93: [#1265] 

Has the carrying capacity of the subbasin been taken into consideration in sizing this 

program in regards to determining the number of fish released? _______(Yes or No)

Question 94: [#1135] 

Are fish released in stream reaches within the historic range of that stock? _______(Yes 

or No)

Question 95: [#1136] 

Are fish released at times of the year and sizes to allow adoption of multiple life history 

strategies? _______(Yes or No)

The answer to this question is Yes, if hatchery is releasing multiple life-stages, on 

different release dates (over many weeks or months).

Question 96: [#1138] 

Are fish released in the same subbasin as rearing facility? _______(Yes or No) 

This question is trying to determine if fish (juveniles) are transported into the subbasin.
C-21

The next couple of questions deal with health and inspection issues

Question 97: [#1139] 

Are all fish examined for presence of “reportable pathogens” as defined in the PNFHPC 

disease control guidelines, no less than 3 weeks prior to release? _______(Yes or No)

Question 98: [#1140] 

Are fish transfers into the subbasin inspected and accompanied by appropriate 

notifications as described in IHOT or PNFHPC guidelines? _______(Yes or No)

Question 99: [#1141] Are Integrated Hatchery Operations Team (IHOT) guidelines 

followed for fish transport? _______(Yes or No)

If no, list other guidelines followed in comment box.

Next we have three questions about fish marking...

Question 100: [#1142] 

Are marking/tagging techniques used to distinguish among segments of the hatchery 

population (e.g. yearlings or subyearlings)? _______(Yes or No)

Question 101: [#1266] 

Are 100% of the hatchery fish marked so that they can be distinguished from the natural 

populations? _______(Yes or No) 

Note that marking can be internal or external.

Question 102: [#1143] 

Can marked fish be identified using non-lethal means? _______(Yes or No)

Question 103: [#1145] 

Are hatchery adults (carcasses or live fish) distributed by staff within the subbasin?

a. Are hatchery adults distributed (by staff) within the subbasin to provide 

ecological benefits (marine nutrients, wildlife food etc.)? _______(Yes or No)

b. Are hatchery adults distributed (by staff) within the subbasin to provide 

fishing opportunity? _______(Yes or No)

c. Are hatchery adults distributed (by staff) within the subbasin to provide 

natural production? _______(Yes or No)

Note: Could be carcasses or live fish
C-22

Question 104: [#2047] 

What percent of the naturally spawning population in the subbasin consists of adults from 

this program? Check best answer!

a. Adults from this program make up less than 5% of the natural spawning 

escapement (for the species/race) in the subbasin.

b. Adults from this program make up between 5 and 30% of the natural spawning 

escapement (for the species/race) in the subbasin.

c. Adults from this program make up more than 30% of the natural spawning 

escapement (for the species/race) in the subbasin.

Question105: [#2057]

The percent of hatchery fish spawning in the wild each year is estimated by: (Check all 

that apply)

a) Annual stream surveys (e.g. carcasses)

b) Escapement data from a weir or dam

c) Staff experience

d) Harvest records, creel surveys

e) Is not estimated

Question 106: [#2048] 

Wild fish make up what percent of the broodstock for this program?

a. Wild fish make up less than 5% of the broodstock for this program.

b. Wild fish make up between 5 and 30% of the broodstock for this program

c. Wild fish make up more than 30% of the broodstock for this program.

Question 107: [#2058]

The percent of wild fish used as broodstock for this program is estimated based on: 

(Check all that apply)

a) External marks (e.g. fin clips)

b) Internal marks (CWT, Pit tags)

c) Staff experience

d) Is not estimated

Next we move to a different topic ...the following questions pertain to 

accountability...

Question 108: [#1149] 

Are key hatchery personnel aware of the goals for the hatchery with respect to 

conservation, harvest and other purposes? _______(Yes or No)

In the comment box describe how they are made aware of goals (written report?)
C-23

Question 109: [#1150] 

Are expenditures tracked to assure that funds are expended as intended for the hatchery 

program? _______(Yes or No)

Question 110: [#1151] 

Are key staff aware of the funding available for carrying out the various activities in the 

production cycle so that it can be done in the most cost effective manner? _______(Yes 

or No)

Question 111: [#2049]

Are hatchery programming and operational decisions based on an Adaptive 

Management Plan? _______(Yes or No)

(For example, is an annual report produced describing hatchery operations, results of 

studies, program changes etc? If a written plan does not exist then the answer is No.)

Question 112: [#1152] 

Is all new relevant information from research or other sources made available to hatchery 

staff and others and used for attaining goals? _______(Yes or No)

Question 113: [#1153] 

Is the most recent information obtained from monitoring and evaluation programs for the 

production cycle, including performance indicators and progress toward goals, taken into 

consideration when determining whether hatchery operations should be changed or not? 

_______(Yes or No)

Provide examples in the comments box if available.

Question 114: [#1154] 

Is there a management program in place that assures that information pertaining to items 

#1150-1153 is available on a “real-time” basis and that changes warranted by that 

information are implemented? _______(Yes or No) (“Real-time” is within a year.)

Question 115: [#1155] 

Are standards specified for in-culture performance of hatchery fish? _______(Yes or No)

Provide documentation in source box

Question 116: [#2050]

Are in-culture performance standards met? _______(Yes or No)

Provide documentation in source box.

Question 117: [#2051]

Are standards specified for post release performance of hatchery fish and their offspring? 

_______(Yes or No)
C-24

Question 118: [#2052]

Are post-release performance standards met? _______(Yes or No)

Question 119: [#1156] 

Are there state or federal laws or policies that constrain the program by specifying 

objectives, such as numbers and size of fish produced? _______(Yes or No) (Does not 

mean the NMFS estuary release numbers.)

Next we will talk about education related questions... 

Question 120: [#1157] 

Is the hatchery facility open to the public during hours of operation? _______(Yes or No)

Question 121: [#1158] 

Are the hatchery operations visible to facility visitors? _______(Yes or No)

Question 122: [#1159] 

Are hatchery operations (egg take, incubation, rearing) demonstrated to the public? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 123: [#1160] 

Does the facility have a fish ladder and/or adult holding facilities that are open to the 

public? _______(Yes or No)

Question 124: [#1161] 

Does the hatchery have signage describing the facility, fish production goals, ties to 

management goals, and ecosystem function? _______(Yes or No)

Question 125: [#1162] 

Is there a visible link to the riparian zone such as viewing boardwalk or bridge? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 126: [#1163] 

Is the facility used by other fish and wildlife programs? _______(Yes or No)

Question 127: [#1164] 

Does the hatchery schedule tours for groups? _______(Yes or No)

Question 128: [#1165] 

Does the program provide opportunities for student interns? _______(Yes or No)

Question 129: [#1166] 

Does the program provide opportunities for citizen volunteer involvement? _______(Yes 

or No)
C-25

Question 130: [#1167] 

Does the agency maintain a web page describing the hatchery program? _______(Yes or 

No)

Question 131: [#1168] 

Is a pamphlet or brochure describing agency or hatchery programs available? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 132: [#1169] 

Are eggs or fish provided to volunteer groups and educational groups? _______(Yes or 

No)

Question 133: [#1170] 

Is hatchery staff involved in community/volunteer meetings or outreach programs? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 134: [#1171] 

Does hatchery staff regularly give classroom presentations? _______(Yes or No)

At least yearly in order to answer yes.

Question 135: [#1172] 

Does hatchery staff participate in formal professional presentations/seminars? 

_______(Yes or No)

Question 136: [#1173] 

Is the facility used or does staff participate in agency, university, or other research 

projects? _______(Yes or No)

Question 137: [#1174] 

Are data and information pertaining to the program accessible to interested parties? 

_______(Yes or No)

Part C: HGMP Questions

Question 138 : [#1011] 

Which of the following statements apply? (Check all that apply)

a. Hatchery fish are not accessible to fisheries

b. Hatchery fish accessible to fisheries because the fish produced are temporarily 

and/or spatially separated from weaker stocks

c. Hatchery fish accessible to fisheries because the fish produced are 

differentially marked to enable selective harvest

d. Hatchery fish accessible to fisheries because the fish produced are available in 

sufficient number to the fisheries (location, time, gear) that are intended to 

benefit from the program (i.e. to meet the harvest goals)

e. It is unknown if hatchery fish are accessible to fisheries
C-26

Question 139: [#1012] 

Identify the performance indicators for harvest benefits. 

Indicator

Performance 

Standard

Indicator is 

monitored

Spawner to spawner survival of hatchery 

fish.

Contribution of hatchery fish to target 

fisheries.

Angler success (hatchery fish per angler 

day) in target recreational fisheries

Contribution of hatchery fish to cultural 

needs

Selective harvest success (expected 

benefits of mass marking)

Value of harvest (lbs)

Quality of hatchery fish harvested

In the Performance Standard box enter the performance standard for all that apply. You 

can use a number, provide a brief text description, and use NA for No Applicable, or U 

for unknown, and No if no standard is defined.

In the Indicator is monitored box; enter Y if the standard is monitored, N if it is not, NA 

if not Applicable, or U for unknown.

Question 140: [#1013] 

Identify the performance indicators for harvest risks. 

Indicator

Performance 

Standard

Indicator is 

monitored

Harvest impacts on co-mingled stocks

Bias in run size estimation of natural stocks 

due to masking effect

Lack of harvest access (under harvest due 

e.g. to co-mingling with weaker stocks)

In the Performance Standard box enter the performance standard for all that apply. You 

can use a number, provide a brief text description, and use NA for No Applicable, or U 

for unknown, and No if no standard is defined.

In the Indicator is monitored box; enter Y if the standard is monitored, N if it is not, NA 

if not Applicable, or U for unknown.
C-27

Question 141: [#1014] 

Identify the performance indicators for conservation benefits. 

Indicator

Performance 

Standard

Indicator is 

monitored

Genetic and life history diversity (over 

time)

Spawner to spawner reproductive success 

of hatchery fish

Reproductive success of the receiving 

(supplemented) naturally spawning 

population

Contribution to the abundance of the 

naturally spawning population

Time and location of spawning 

Contribution to ecosystem function (e.g. 

through nutrient enhancement, food web 

effects, etc.)

In the Performance Standard box enter the performance standard for all that apply. You 

can use a number, provide a brief text description, and use NA for No Applicable, or U 

for unknown, and No if no standard is defined.

In the Indicator is monitored box; enter Y if the standard is monitored, N if it is not, NA 

if not Applicable, or U for unknown.

Question 142: [#1015] 

Identify the performance indicators for conservation risks.

Indicator

Performance 

Standard 

Indicator is 

monitored

Unintended contribution of hatchery fish to 

natural spawning (through straying)

Loss of genetic and life history diversity

Loss of reproductive success 

Ecological interactions through 

competition with natural stocks (by life 

stage)

Ecological interactions through predation 

on natural stocks (by life stage)

Adverse effects of hatchery operations and 

facilities on fish migration

Disease transfers
C-28

In the Performance Standard box enter the performance standard for all that apply. You 

can use a number, provide a brief text description, and use NA for Not Applicable, or U 

for unknown, and No if no standard is defined.

In the Indicator is monitored box; enter Y if the standard is monitored, N if it is not, NA 

if not Applicable, or U for unknown.

Question 143: [#1016] Identify the performance indicators for information gain. Which 

of the following statements are true?

a. Hatchery program contributes to research to improve performance and cost 

effectiveness 

b. New information affects change to the hatchery program through a structured 

adaptive decision making process 

c. Hatchery program participates in basin wide-coordinated research efforts

d. Hatchery program actively contributes to public education

e. Funding for monitoring of performance indicators is adequate

Question 144: [#1017] 

Describe plans and methods proposed to collect data necessary to respond to each 

“Performance Indicator” identified for the program.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 145: [# 15] 

Identify ESA-listed populations that may incidentally be affected by the program 

(includes ESA-listed fish in target hatchery fish releases, adult returns, and broodstock 

collection areas)

Question 146: [#1018] 

Indicate whether funding, staffing, and other support logistics are available or committed 

to allow implementation of the monitoring and evaluation program.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 

Question 147: [#1019] 

Indicate risk aversion measures that will be applied to minimize the likelihood for 

adverse genetic and ecological effects to listed fish resulting from monitoring and 

evaluation activities.

(e.g. “The Wenatchee River smolt trap will be continuously monitored, and checked 

every eight hours, to minimize the duration of holding and risk of harm to listed 

spring chinook and steelhead that may be incidentally captured during the sockeye 

smolt emigration period.)”

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]
C-29

Question 148: [#1021] 

What will be the final year of hatchery program? Enter “U” if that is “Undetermined.

Question 149: [#1022] 

If the answer to the previous question (hatchery termination date) is undetermined, which 

of the following statements are true?

a. The program is on-going with no planned termination

b. The program meets goals that cannot be accomplished in any other manner 

and is expected to continue indefinitely

c. The program is expected to end when goals can be met by other means not 

requiring artificial production

d. The program will be terminated when it is determined that the program will 

not meet its goals

Question 150: [#1025] 

List all ESA permits or authorizations in hand for the hatchery program (select one or 

more):

a. Section 7 or Section 10 permit

b. 4D rule

c. 401 certification

d. Other (Specify)

e. None
C-30

Question 151-153. [#1273, 1026, 2026] Provide projected annual take levels for listed fish 

by life stage (juvenile and adult) quantified (to the extent feasible) by the type of take 

resulting from the hatchery program (e.g. capture, handling, tagging, injury, or lethal take). 

Table 1. Estimated listed salmonid take levels of by hatchery activity. 

Listed species affected: __________________________ 

ESU/Population:_________________________________ Activity:____________________

Location of hatchery activity:______________________ Dates of 

activity:____________________ Hatchery program operator:_________________

Annual Take of Listed Fish By Life Stage

(Number of Fish)

Type of Take Egg/Fry Juvenile/Smolt Adult Carcass

Observe or harass a)

Collect for transport b)

Capture, handle, and release c)

Capture, handle, tag/mark/tissue sample, and release d)

Removal (e.g. broodstock) e)

Intentional lethal take f)

 Unintentional lethal take g)

Other Take (specify) h)

a. Contact with listed fish through stream surveys, carcass and mark recovery projects, or 

migration delay at weirs.

b. Take associated with weir or trapping operations where listed fish are captured and 

transported for release.

c. Take associated with weir or trapping operations where listed fish are captured, 

handled and released upstream or downstream.

d. Take occurring due to tagging and/or bio-sampling of fish collected through trapping 

operations prior to upstream or downstream release, or through carcass recovery 

programs.

e. Listed fish removed from the wild and collected for use as broodstock.

f. Intentional mortality of listed fish, usually as a result of spawning as broodstock.

g. Unintentional mortality of listed fish, including loss of fish during transport or holding 

prior to spawning or prior to release into the wild, or, for integrated programs, mortalities 

during incubation and rearing.

h. Other takes not identified above as a category.

Instructions:

1. An entry for a fish to be taken should be in the take category that describes the 

greatest impact.

2. Each take to be entered in the table should be in one take category only (there should 

not be more than one entry for the same sampling event).

3. If an individual fish is to be taken more than once on separate occasions, each take 

must be entered in the take table.
C-31

Question 154. [#1027] Indicate contingency plans for addressing situations where take 

levels within a given year have exceeded, or are projected to exceed, take levels 

described in this plan for the program.

(e.g. “The number of days that steelhead are trapped at Priest Rapids Dam will 

be reduced if the total mortality of handled fish is projected inseason to exceed 

the 1988-99 maximum observed level of 100 fish.”) 

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 155. [#1028] Describe alignment of the hatchery program with any ESU-wide 

hatchery plan (e.g. Hood Canal Summer Chum Conservation Initiative) or other 

regionally accepted policies (e.g. the NPPC Annual Production Review Report and 

Recommendations - NPPC document 99-15). Explain any proposed deviations from the 

plan or policies.

(e.g. “The hatchery program will be operated consistent with the ESU-wide plan, 

with the exception of age class at release. Fish will be released as yearlings 

rather than as sub-yearlings as specified in the ESU-wide plan, to maximize 

smolt-to-adult survival rates given ex tremely low run sizes the past four years.”).

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 156. [#1029] List all existing cooperative agreements, memoranda of 

understanding, memoranda of agreement, or other management plans or court orders 

under which program operates.

Question 157. [#1030] Relationship to harvest objectives.

Explain whether artificial production and harvest management have been 

integrated to provide as many benefits and as few biological risks as possible to 

the listed species. Reference any harvest plan that describes measures applied to 

integrate the program with harvest management.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 

Question 158. [#1031] Relationship to habitat protection and recovery strategies.

Describe the major factors affecting natural production (if known). Describe any 

habitat protection efforts, and expected natural production benefits over the 

short- and long-term. For Columbia Basin programs, use NPPC document 99-

15, section II.C. as guidance in indicating program linkage with assumptions 

regarding habitat conditions.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 
C-32

Question 159. [#1032] Which of the following species co-occur to a significant degree 

with the program fish in either freshwater or early marine life stages.

Significant co-occurrence between program 

fish and this species (check all that apply)

Steelhead

Pink 

Chum

Sockeye

Coho

Chinook

Bull Trout

Question 160. [#1251] Describe operational difficulties or disasters that have led to 

significant fish mortality.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 161. [#1067] Are procedures in place that maintain broodstock collection 

within programmed levels?

If the answer is yes, describe that procedure:

Check all that apply

A collection plan for natural origin adults is in place that prevents collection of surplus 

fish

All fish returning to the hatchery are needed to maintain the programmed hatchery 

level

Excess adults are used for seeding available habitat in accordance with genetic 

guidelines

Excess adults are culled at random and sold, buried, or donated to food banks 

depending on their quality

Questions 162. [#1074] Are cryopreserved gametes used?

If used describe the number of donors, year of collection, number of times donors were 

used in the past, and expected and observed viability. 

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 163. [#1080] Describe circumstances where extra eggs may be taken (e.g as a 

safeguard against potential incubation losses), and the disposition of surplus fish safely 

carried through to the eyed-egg or fry stage to prevent exceeding programmed levels.

 [text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 164. [#1101] For the facility, provide a five year disease history of pathogens 

that significantly affect fish health.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]
C-33

Question 165. [#1102] Have hatchery specific performance standards for carrying 

capacity that consider fish health and post-release survival been developed and are they 

followed? (yes/no)

Question 166. [#1133] For off-station releases, describe fish acclimation procedures 

including methods applied and length of time.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 167. [#1134] Describe disposition plans for fish identified at the time of 

release as surplus to programmed or approved levels.

 [text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 168. [#1148] Describe emergency release procedures in response to flooding 

or water system failure.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Research Information

Provide the following information for any research programs conducted in direct 

association with the hatchery program described in this HGMP. Provide sufficient detail 

to allow for the independent assessment of the effects of the research program on listed 

fish. If applicable, correlate with research indicated as needed in any ESU hatchery plan 

approved by the co-managers and NMFS. Attach a copy of any formal research proposal 

addressing activities covered in this section. Include estimated take levels for the 

research program with take levels provided for the associated hatchery program.

Question 169. [#1175] What is the objective or purpose of the research program?

Indicate why the research is needed, its benefit or effect on listed natural fish 

populations, and broad significance of the proposed project.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 

Question 170. [#1176] Identify cooperating and funding agencies.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 171. [#1177] Identify principal investigator or project supervisor and staff.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator]

Question 172. [#1178] Identify stocks affected by the research project.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 

Question 173. [#1179] Identify techniques used: include capture methods, drugs, 

samples collected, tags applied.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 
C-34

Question 174. [#1180] Identify dates or time period in which research activity occurs.

[text field to be completed by manager/operator] 

Question 175. [#1181] Describe the care and maintenance of live fish or eggs, holding 

duration, transport methods.

Question 176. [#1182] Describe the expected type and effects of take and potential for 

injury or mortality.

Question 177. [#1184] Identify alternative methods to achieve project objectives.

Question 178. [#1185] List species similar or related to the threatened species; provide 

number and causes of mortality related to this research project.

Question 179. [#1186] Indicate risk aversion measures that will be applied to minimize 

the likelihood for adverse ecological effects, injury, or mortality to listed fish as a result 

of the proposed research activities.

(e.g. “Listed coastal cutthroat trout sampled for the predation study will be collected in 

compliance with NMFS Electrofishing Guidelines to minimize the risk of injury or 

immediate mortality.”).

Questions 180-182. [#1274, 1269, 1270] For research projects describe the level of take 

of listed fish: number or range of fish handled, injured, or killed by sex, age, or size 

(Table 1) if not already indicated above. 

Table 1. Estimated listed salmonid take levels of by hatchery activity. 

Listed species affected: __________________________ 

ESU/Population:_________________________________ Activity:____________________

Location of hatchery activity:______________________ Dates of activity:____________________ 

Hatchery program operator:_________________

Annual Take of Listed Fish By Life Stage (Number 

of Fish)

Type of Take Egg/Fry

Juvenile/Sm

olt Adult Carcass

Observe or harass a)

Collect for transport b)

Capture, handle, and re lease c)

Capture, handle, tag/mark/tissue sample, and 

release d)

Removal (e.g. broodstock) e)

Intentional lethal take f)

 Unintentional lethal take g)

Other Take (specify) h)

a. Contact with listed fish through stream surveys, carcass and mark recovery projects, or 

migrational delay at weirs.
C-35

b. Take associated with weir or trapping operations where listed fish are captured and 

transported for release.

c. Take associated with weir or trapping operations where listed fish are captured, 

handled and released upstream or downstream.

d. Take occurring due to tagging and/or bio-sampling of fish collected through trapping 

operations prior to upstream or downstream release, or through carcass recovery 

programs.

e. Listed fish removed from the wild and collected for use as broodstock.

f. Intentional mortality of listed fish, usually as a result of spawning as broodstock.

g. Unintentional mortality of listed fish, including loss of fish during transport or holding 

prior to spawning or prior to release into the wild, or, for integrated programs, mortalities 

during incubation and rearing.

h. Other takes not identified above as a category.

Instructions:

1. An entry for a fish to be taken should be in the take category that describes the 

greatest impact.

2. Each take to be entered in the table should be in one take category only (there should 

not be more than one entry for the same sampling event).

3. If an individual fish is to be taken more than once on separate occasions, each take 

must be entered in the take table.
C-36

Part D: Supporting Data Tables

Question 183. [#1010] Provide information on the broodstock source that has been used 

in the hatchery program in the last 12 years. Indicate where the broodstock source is

from natural origin or hatchery origin fish

e.g. Natural origin returns from Howling Creek used 1980 – 1985, hatchery origin 

returns from returns to the Howling Creek hatchery 1986 – 1987 and 1991 – 2001, and 

hatchery origin returns from Silver Creek hatchery 1988 – 1990, e.g.:

Broodstock Source Used Year(s) Used

Howling Creek Natural 1980 – 1985

Silver Creek Hatchery 1988 - 1990 

Howling Creek Hatchery 1986 - 1987,1991 - 2001 

Broodstock Source Used Year(s) Used
C-37

Question 184. [#1034] Fill out the tables below choosing the source(s) of water 

available. Provide available information on flow and temperature means and ranges.

For adult holding:

Water

Source

Mean 

Flow 

(gpm)

Min.

Flow

(gpm)

Max.

Flow

(gpm)

Mean

Temp.

oF

Min.

Temp.

oF

Max.

Temp.

oF

Mean

D.O.

(ppm)

Min.

D.O.

(ppm)

Max.

D.O.

(ppm)

Spring

Well

Surface 

Water

Brackish 

Water

Saltwater

Question 185. [#1036] Same for incubation.

Water

Source

Mean 

Flow 

(gpm)

Min.

Flow

(gpm)

Max.

Flow

(gpm)

Mean

Temp.

oF

Min.

Temp.

oF

Max.

Temp.

oF

Mean

D.O.

(ppm)

Min.

D.O.

(ppm)

Max.

D.O.

(ppm)

Spring

Well

Surface 

Water

Question 186. [#1038] Same for rearing. 

Water

Source

Mean 

Flow 

(gpm)

Min.

Flow

(gpm)

Max.

Flow

(gpm)

Mean

Temp.

oF

Min.

Temp.

oF

Max.

Temp.

oF

Mean

D.O.

(ppm)

Min.

D.O.

(ppm)

Max.

D.O.

(ppm)

Spring

Well

Surface 

Water

Brackish 

Water

Saltwater
C-38

Question 187. [#1047] Using the table below, indicate the type of fish transportation 

equipment used, the length of time in transit, and any chemical treatment and dosage 

applied during transport. 

Equipment 

Type

Capacity 

(gallons)

Supplemental 

Oxygen (Y/N)

Normal 

Transit

Time

Chemical(s) 

Used

Dosage

(ppm)

Tank

Other 

Equipment

Data Source

Question 188. [#1048] Using the following table, describe the type (concrete, asphalt, 

gravel, etc), pond volume, dimensions (if applicable) and flow for each broodstock 

holding pond.

# of 

Ponds

Pond Type Volume

(cu. ft.)

Length

(ft.)

Width

(ft.)

Depth

(ft.)

Available

Flow (gpm)

Data Source
C-39

Question 189. [#1049] Using the following table fill in the number of each type of 

incubator, the water flow used, and volume (if applicable) and loading of incubation 

units.

Incubator Type Number 

of Units

Flow 

(gpm)

Volume (if 

applicable)

Loading –

Eyeing 

(eggs/unit)

Loading –

Hatching

(eggs/unit)

Pull down list and 

other

Data Source

Question 190. [#1050] Using the following table, describe the type (concrete, asphalt, 

gravel, etc), pond volume, dimensions (if applicable) and flow for each rearing, 

acclimation, and release pond.

# of 

Units

Pond Type Volume

(cu. ft.)

Length

(ft.)

Width

(ft.)

Depth

(ft.)

Flow 

(gpm)

Maximum 

Flow 

Index

Maximum 

Density 

Index

Data Source
C-40

Question 191. [#1065] Using the following table, enter the planned and past broodstock 

collection levels for the last 12 years, or for most recent years available.

Year

Adults 

 Females Males Jacks Eggs Juveniles

Planned

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

Data Source
C-41

Question 192. [#1079] Using the following table, enter the program egg take, egg 

survival to eye-up and/or ponding, fry to fingerling survival, and fingerling to smolt 

survival for the last 12 years, or for most recent years available. Also provide any 

performance standards for incubation and rearing survival that the hatchery is operating 

under.

Year Egg Take 

GreenEyed 

Survival 

(%) 

EyedPonding 

Survival 

(%)

Egg Survival 

Performance 

Standard

Fry –

Fingerling 

Survival 

(%)

Rearing 

Survival 

Performance 

Standard

Fingerling –

Smolt 

Survival (%)

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

Data Source
C-42

Question 193. [#1104] Provide a list of the vaccines used at this facility

Vaccine Species

Question 194. [#1107] Using the table below, provide biweekly or monthly growth 

information (average program performance), including length, weight, condition factor, 

growth weight, and if available, hepatosomatic index (liver weight/body weight) and body 

moisture content as an estimate of body fat concentration data collected during rearing.

Rearing 

Period

Length

(mm)

Weight

(fpp or 

gms)

Condition 

Factor

Growth 

Rate

Hepatosomatic 

Index

Body

Moisture

Content

Data Source
C-43

Question 195. [#1108] Using the table below, indicate the food type used, daily 

application schedule, feeding rate range (e.g. % B.W./day and lbs/gpm inflow, and 

estimates of total food conversion efficiency during rearing (average program 

performance).

Rearing 

Period

Food Type Application 

Schedule (# 

feedings/day)

Feeding Rate

Range

(% B.W./day)

Lbs. fed per 

gpm of 

inflow

Food 

Conversion 

During Period

Data Source

Question 196. [#1122] For existing programs, provide fish release number and size data 

for the past three fish generations, or approximately the past 12 years, if available. 

Release 

year

Eggs/ 

Unfed 

Fry

Release 

Date Avg size

(fpp) Fry

Release

Date Avg size

(fpp) Fingerling

Release 

Date Avg size

(fpp) Yearling

Release 

Date Avg size

(fpp)

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

Average

Data Source
D-1

Appendix D. Excerpts from APRE Database
D-2

Appendix D: Excerpts from APRE Database

Table D-1 shows a summary of the statistics used in this report. This only a small subset of the over 200 questions covered in this 

survey, the complete set of answers are contained in the APRE data base (www.apre.info )

Table D-1. Summary responses to a subset of the questions in the APRE data 

base All Programs Integrated Programs

Segregated 

Programs

Operational Questions # Yes Answers # Yes Answers # Yes Answers

Identify the program type (integrated or segregated) 106

Has a final year of operation for this program been specified? 8 77 106

Are representative samples of natural and hatchery population components collected with 

respect to size, age, sex ratio, run and spawn timing, and other traits important to longterm fitness? Explain.

144 91 53

Are sufficient broodstock collected to maintain an effective population size of 1000 fish per 

generation? (More than 500 successful spawners of each sex.) 104 60 44

Is more than 10% of the broodstock derived from wild fish each year? 49 47 2

Does the program avoid stock transfers and subsequent releases of eggs or fish from 

outside the watershed? Explain. 108 82 26

Are fish released at sizes and life history stages similar to those of natural fish of the same 

species? 67 46 21

Are volitional releases during natural out-migration timing practiced? Explain 88 59 29

Are fish released in the same subbasin as rearing facility? 102 69 33

Can marked fish be detected using non-lethal means? 163 96 67

Are standards specified for in-culture performance of hatchery fish? 167 99 68

Has the carrying capacity of the subbasin been taken into consideration in sizing this 

program in regards to determining the number of fish released? 136 90 46

Are 100% of the hatchery fish marked so that they can be distinguished from the natural

populations? 148 87 61

Do you have guidelines for acceptable contribution of hatchery origin fish to natural 

spawning? 137 87 50

Are guidelines for hatchery contribution to natural spawning met for all affected naturally 

spawning populations? 111 76 35

Is the purpose of the program to provide harvest? 151 83 68

Is the purpose of the program to contribute to conservation/ recovery? 85 75 10
D-3

Table D-1. Summary responses to a subset of the questions in the APRE data 

base All Programs Integrated Programs

Segregated 

Programs

Operational Questions # Yes Answers # Yes Answers # Yes Answers

Is the purpose of the program to contribute to research and/or education? 64 52 12

Is the program mitigation for hydro impacts? 159 93 66

Is the program mitigation for habitat loss? 123 75 48

Do you have a goal for spawning escapement composition (hatchery vs. natural) in the 

hatchery? 98 62 36

Do you have a goal for spawning escapement composition (hatchery vs. natural) in the 

wild? 63 31 32

Do you have a goal for smolt-to-adult return survival? 76 54 22

Do you have goals for recruits per spawner (R/S)? 73 53 20

Wild fish make up less than percent of the broodstock for this program? 92 33 59

Are hatchery programming and operational decisions based on an adaptive management 

plan? 152 95 57

Are in-culture performance standards met? 160 96 64

Are standards specified for post-release performance of hatchery fish and their offspring? 133 82 51

Are post-release performance standards met? 76 38 38

Are natural rearing conditions simulated for:

reducing rearing density below agency or other guidelines? 45 36 9

rearing under natural water temperature? 62 43 19

actively simulating photoperiod? 45 28 17

providing a range of hydraulic characteristics? 8 4 4

subsurface feeding conditions? 5 2 3

predator avoidance training? 8 6 2

cover? 19 10 9

does not apply/answer unknown/not yet answered 75 40 35
D-4

Table D-1. Summary responses to a subset of the questions in the APRE data 

base All Programs Integrated Programs

Segregated 

Programs

Operational Questions # Yes Answers # Yes Answers # Yes Answers

Are the fish produced qualitatively similar to natural fish in:

size 37 26 11

morphology 134 86 48

behavior 67 46 21

growth rate 13 10 3

physiological status 122 81 41

health 135 87 48

other 16 9 7

does not apply/answer unknown/not yet answered 18 4 14

If the answer to the previous question is undetermined, which of the following 

statements are true?

Is the program on-going with no planned termination? 140 72 68

Does the program meet goals that cannot be accomplished in any other manner and is 

expected to continue indefinitely? 32 11 21

Is the program expected to end when goals can be met by other means not requiring 

artificial production 29 25 4

Will the program be terminated when it is determined that the program will not meet its 

goals? 12 5 7

Table D-2. How many anadromous hatchery programs 

contribute the indicated percentage to the naturally 

spawning population in their subbasin?

 0-5% 5-30% >30% unk

All Programs 28 33 76 38

Integrated Programs 16 18 57 15

Segregated Programs 12 15 19 23
E-1

Appendix E. Province Reports

A summary of findings by province is provided in electronic form on the enclosed CD. 

Attached to each province summary are the reports for all individual programs reviewed 

within the province. The Province reports focus on the anadromous hatchery programs.

Information about resident programs included in the APRE review are available on the 

APRE database: www.apre.info .

________________________________________

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