Data from the

NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

The Association of Health Attitudes

and Perceptions of Youths

12=17Yearsof Age

With Those of Their Parents:

United States, 1966-1970

A descriptive analytical report on the nature and degree of

agreement between U.S. youths and their parents with regard to

health perceptions and attitudes related to the growth and

development of the youth, based on a national survey of youths

12-17 years of age in the noninstitutionalized U.S. population.

Data derived from a comparison of responses by each youth and

his parent(s) to questions on the general health status, health

behavior, aspirations and expectations in education, independence, and personal and social values of the youth are presented

and discussed with respect to age, sex, race, family income, kind

of place of residence, geographic region, and selected behavioral

characteristics of the youth.

DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 77-1643

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

Public Health Service

Series 11

Number 161

Health Resources Administration

National Center for Health Statistics

Rockville, Md. March 1977
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Oliver, Lincoln I.

The association of health attitudes and perceptions of youths 12-17 years of age with

those of their parents, United States, 1966-70.

(Vital and health statistics: Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey; no. 161 )

(DHEW publication; no. (HRA) 77-1643)

Chiefly tables.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Health attitudes–United States–Statistics. 2. Youth–United States–Attitudes–

Statistics. 3. Parent and child–United States–Statistics. 4. Health surveys–United States.

I. Title: The association of health attitudes and perceptions of youths 12-17 years of

age. ..11. Series: United States. Natiomd Center for Health Statistics. Vital and health

statistics: Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey; no. 161. III. Series: United

States. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. DHEW publication; no. (HRA) 77-1643.

RA407.3.A347 no. 161 [RA564.5] 312’> 0973s 76-7213

ISBN 0-8406 -0071-2 [301.15’43’6130973]

For sale by the Superinkmdeut of ]>ocuments, U.S. Government I’rinting OIiicc

\\”ashingtOn, D.C. 20402. Price $2.4[)
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS

DOROTHY P. RICE, Director

ROBERT A. ISRAEL, Deputy Director

JACOB J. FELDMAN, Ph.D., Associate Director for Analysis

GAIL F. FISHER, Associate Director for the Cooperative Health Statistics System

ELIJAH L. WHITE, Associate Director for Data Systems

ANDERS S. LUNDE, Ph.D., Associate Director for International Statistics

ROBERT C. HUBER, Associate Director for Management

MONROE G. SIRKEN, Ph.D., Associate Director for Mathematical Statistics

PETER L. HURLEY, Associate Director for Operations

JAMES M. ROBEY, Ph.D., Associate Director for Program Development

PAUL E. LEAVERTON, Ph.D., Associate Director for Research

ALICE HAYWOOD, Information Officer

DIVISION OF HEALTH EXAMINATION STATISTICS

ARTHUR J. McDOWELL, Director

JEAN-PIERRE HABICHT, M.D., Ph.D., Special Assistant to Director

HAROLD J. DUPUY, Ph.D., Psychological Adviser

LINCOLN OLIYER, Chiej Psychological Statistics Branch

ROBERT S. MURPHY, Chiej Survey P&mning and Developing Branch

COOPERATION OF THE BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

In accordance with specifications established by the National Health Survey, the

Bureau of the Census, under a contractual agreemen~ participated in tbe design and

selection of the ssmple, and carried out the first stage of the field interviewing and

certain parts of the statistical processing.

Vital and Health Statistics-Series 11-No. 161

DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 77-1643

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 76-7213
CONTENTS

Introduction. .

Behavioral Data

Plan of Study .

Findings . . .

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Deg-ee of Overall Agreement

General Health. . . . . .

Health Behavior . . . . .

Attitude Toward Education.

Independence . . . .

Values . . . . . . .

Summary and Conclusions

References . . . . . .

List of Detailed Tables .

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Appendix I. Statistical Notes

Survey Design . . . . .

Reliability . . . . . .

Standard Error. . . . .

Statistical Testing . . .

Small Values . . . . .

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Appendix II. The Questionnaires

The Parallel Questions . . . .

Other Related Questions . . .

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Appendix III. Demographic and Socioeconomic Variables and

Related Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Page

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78

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SYMBOLS

Datanot available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Category nonapplicable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quantity zero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quantity morethan Obutlessthan0.05 . . . .

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..-

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0.0

*
THE ASSOCIATION OF

HEALTH AITITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS

OF YOUTHS 12-17 YEARS OF AGE WITH

THOSE OF THEIR PARENTS

Lincoln I. Oliver, Division of Health Examination Statktz”cs

INTRODUCTION

Thk report contains information collected

during the Health Examination Survey on the

degree of agreement between independently

obtained responses by noninstitutionalized

American youths 12-17 years of age to selected

questionnaire items concerning health-related

attributes and attitudes and the expressed perceptions and attitudes of their respective parents. Congruence data are presented and described in relation to selected demographic and

socioeconomic factors and to various heaIth

characteristics and reported behaviors of the

youth. Four reports on the rating of behavioral

patterns of youths by their parents and teachers and on the youths’ self-reported attitudes

and behaviors have been published.1Y2)3>4

The Health Examination Survey is one of

three major programs of the National Center

for Health Statistics that conducts the National

Health Survey as authorized in 1956 by the

84th Congress.5 The Health Interview Survey

collects information by househoId interview

among samples of persons and is concerned

primarily with the impact of illness and disability on the lives and actions of people. The

Division of Health Resources Utilization Statistics and the Division of Health Manpower and

Facilities Statistics collect health data as well

as health resource and utilization information

through surveys of hospitals, nursing homes,

other resident institutions, and various persons

in health occupations.

In the Health Examination Survey (HES),

data are collected through direct physical examination, tests, and measurements performed

on the sample poptdation selected for study.

This approach is viewed as the best way to

obtain actual diagnostic data on the prevalence

of certain medically defined illnesses. It is also

@e most precise way to secure reliable information on a variety of physical, physiological,

and psychological measurements within the

population, and the only way to obtain information on unrecognized and undiagnosed conditions. In addition, it makes possible studies

of relationships among the various examination

findings and between these findings and demographic and socioeconomic factors.

HES is carried out as a series of separate

programs referred to as “cycles.” Each cycle is

concerned with some specific segment of the

total U.S. population, usually a particular age

group, and with certain specified aspects of the

health of that segment of the population. In

Cycle I, data were obtained on the prevalence of

certain chronic diseases and on the distribution

of various measurements and other characteristics of a defined adult population.6 Y7 In

Cycle II a probability sample of the Nation’s

noninstitutionalized children 6-11 years of age
was examined. The examination was directed

primarily toward obtaining information on

health factors related to growth and development; it also included screening for selected

diseases or abnormalities, an examination by a

dentist, a battery of tests administered by a,

psychologist, and certain other measurements.$’

Cycle III, on which this report is based,

covered youths 12-17 years of age at the time

of the survey. A comprehensive description of

the survey plan, sample design, and examination content has been published .9 Except for

age, the specifications of the program were

similar to those of Cycle II. The target population was the roughly 23 million U.S. youths

aged 12-17 years (married or single) living

outside institutions. Field collection operations

started in March 1966 and ended in March

1970. During that period, 6,768 persons (90

percent of the youths selected for the sample)

were examined. The examination focused on

health factors related to growth and development and included examination of eyes, ears,

nose, and throat; a check for goiter; a musculoskeletal and neurological evaluation; a cardiovascular examination; a dental examination;

and vision and hearing tests. Several tests were

administered by a psychologist, and a variety

of other tests, procedures, and measurements

were made by technicians.

A standard single-visit examination was given each youth by an examining team in a

mobile unit specially designed for the survey.

Prior to the examination, information that

included demographic and socioeconomic data

on the household members, a medical history,

and behavioral and related data was obtained

from the youth’s parent or guardian. Supplementary and supporting information was obtained from the youth. Data on grade placement and teachers’ ratings of intellectual

ability, academic performance, behavior, and

degree of adjustment to schbol were requested

from the school last attended. A birth certificate and other information related to birth

were obtained to verify the youth’s age.

Information on the target population, survey design, reliability of data, sampling and

measurement error, and statistical testing methods employed is included in appendix I.

BEHAVIORAL DATA

Certain behavioral information related to

the growth and development of youths was

obtained in this survey from the parent, usually the mother, and from the school last attended. Each youth was asked to complete a

questionnaire on health habits and history and

to return it when reporting for the examination. The youth was also asked to complete

another questionnaire on health behavior at the

examination center. Portions of the parent’s

and the youth’s questionnaires were designed

to secure parallel views and attitudes from the

youth and his parent concerning selected areas

of health behavior, and this information forms

the basis for this report.

Behavioral questions were included in the

survey primarily to provide a means of relating

information on health, behavior, attitudes, and

other questionnaire data to specific medical

examination findings and to the results of the

psychological tests of intellectual development

and school achievement. The parallel questions

were designed to provide a basis for comparing

the expressed perceptions, attitudes, and values

of the youths regarding a variety of topics (e.g.,

expectations concerning formal educational

achievement, independence in decision-making,

and standards of behavior) with those of their

parents. Data contained in this report are based

on the questions exhibited in appendix II.

PLAN OF STUDY

Eleven matched questions from the parent

and youth questionnaires yielded 36 items of

information on the youths. These were grouped

under five general topics with the following

distribution:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

General health-5 items

Health behavior for symptoms–1 2 items

Independence in decisionmaking-6 items

Aspirations regarding education–2 items

Personal and social values-1 1 items
Of the 36 items

vialed information on

discussed above,

certain attributes

7 proof the

youth (health status, relative weight, and allowance received) that were more physically apparent or objectively measurable than the others

and therefore more likely to yield agreement in

perception between youth and parent than the

other 29 items. These are referred to as “personal” items in subsequent discussion.

Distributions of responses by the youths to

the 36 items that cover a wide range of

self-reported health behaviors and attitudes

have been published in a previously mentioned

report in this series. Data on the corresponding

responses by parents are presented in this

report. Another report presents data on behavior patterns, attitudes, and perceptions of the

youths according to demographic and socioeconomic factors.3

The replies of each youth were matched

with those of his parent and the paired responses were characterized as “same,” “youth

more or less (of something) than parent, ” and

“parent more or less (of something) than

youth. “

Overall agreement proportions were calculated for each youth baaed on responses to all

36 items and also on the 29 “nonpersonal”

items. The distribution of responses to the 29

“nonpersonal” items was compared with a theoretical distribution assuming random responses

and with another using the observed distributions of responses from all youths and all

parents, separately as groups, as the basis for

determining the probability of occurrence. The

probability of agreement between the two

groups (youths and adults) was considerably

greater than would be expected by chance, and

the observed agreement between the specific

pairs (youth and parent) on the “nonpersonal”

items was even closer (table A).

In order to consider the association of level

of overall agreement and related characteristics

of the youth, the population was ranked according to percent of agreement and divided

into even parts, with approximately one-sixth

of the population in each group; and the

groupings are described as ranges of

percentages.

Data on overall agreement and on agreement on specific topics are presented and

discussed in relation to sex, age, family income, race, region, size of place of residence,

rate of population change, and representative

information on health-related characteristics of

the youths as obtained in the survey. An

attempt was made to isolate that portion of

the measure of agreement that could be attributed to the youth-parent proximity (living in

the same home), as distinct from the agreement that would arise because of the more

general social interrelationships of youths and

adults in the same world, country, or specific

subculture thereof. Tables of expected values

of the degree of agreement according to sex,

age, income, race, amount of smoking, and

frequency of running away from home are

provided to facilitate comparisons and to aid

Table A. Comparison of means and standard deviations of distributions of frequency of agreement by youths and parents on 29

“nonpersonal” items of health information

Avarage

Type of distribution

Standard

number of deviation

items (mean)

Theoretical distribution

Random responses....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5

Obsarved--total youth and adult--responses . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.45

12.7 2.67

Actual paired responses

Youth/adult, notparentl ..,.,.,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...00.4. 13.0 2.68

Youth/parent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.7 2.69

1Based on one of many possible random pairings.

3
the reader in evaluating the data. It is beyond

the scope of this report to examine and discuss

every estimate presented in terms of youthparent proximity; therefore, unless specifically

stated, relationships described here are of a

general nature. It should be noted that because

a certain degree of agreement. or some difference in agreement between subgroups could

not be statistically associated with the youthparent relationship does not mean such an

association did not exist. Differences were

judged in terms of statistical significance at the

99-percent level of confidence. A description

of the testing procedures used to establish

evidence of significant differences, trends, or

association is included in appendix I. In the

text, differences will be discussed selectively,

but a tabulation of all uncovered statistically

significant differences attributed to the youthparent proximity and associated with age, sex,

family income, grade level in school, and race

is presented in the summary section for the

36 items of health information. Definitions of

certain demographic, socioeconomic, and related variables used in this study are given in

appendix III.

FINDINGS

Degree of Overall Agreement

In responding to the parallel questions,

which provided 36 items of information on

health-related behavior and attitudes, youths

gave answers that were identical to those of

their respective parents in 58 of each 100

responses (table 1). The proportion of girls

agreeing with their parents was 8 percent higher than that of boys. Since mothers by themselves completed more than three-fourths of

the parent questionnaires, one may speculate

that this might have influenced the difference

in degree of agreement according to the sex of

the youth. However, table B shows that girls

had a higher degree of agreement with whoever

responded as the parent.

Upward trends in degree of agreement were

observed with increasing age and level of family income (figures 1 and 2). It will be seen that

exclusion of the “personal” items–those involving information based on physically apparent matters that two persons are more likely to

agree upon—generally lowers the level of agreement observed, but does not affect its relationship to the background factors. Table C provides information on the interrelations of

degree of agreement and five selected demographic and socioeconomic factors. The differences in reported overall agreement according

to race and region reflect the effects of income

distribution by race and that of the related

variable, level of education i of head of

household.

Overall agreement with parents tended to

be greater for youths who performed better on

the standard vocabulary, spatial reasoning,

reading, and arithmetic tests that were adminTable B. Avarage proportion of agreement among paired responsesto 36 itemsof health information for youths 12-17 years, according

to person(s) answering parent questionnaire

I 1

Mean percent

Percent of agreonmnt

Parson(s) who provided adult responses to questionnaire distribution of

respondents All Boys Girls

youths

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 57.5 55.3 59.8

Mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.3 57.9 55.6 60,2

Mother and father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 59.6 57.4 61.7

Motharand other person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 55.4 52.9 57.6

Father . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 58.7 57.9 59.8

Father and other person . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 55.4 54.5 56.3

Other persons ., .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, ,. 1.0 55.3 54.3 56.1

Unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 53.8 49.8 57.4

4
lW - GIRLS lW - BOYS

1- Zm - m–

w ....................................................................

~

.................................................................

...

UJEm - mc1 __ ——————————

<

._ -—-- -— _-- —___

___-. —————————-

k

I-@ -

40-

z

u

()E

w

&

al - ALL ITEMS (36) : m - ALL ITEMS (36):

PERSONAL [7): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PERSONAL (7):

NONPERSONAL [291: ————- NON PERSONAL {29): ~“fl~flfl

0

I , 0

1 1 ! I I 1

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 12 11 14 15 16 17 18

AGE IN YEARS

Figure 1. Proportion of agreement between youths and parents on health attitudes and perceptions, according to grouping of

items of information.

AVERAGE

LESSTHAN

$2,002

$lo,oml

$14s9

0-

AVERAGE

ELEMENTARY

SCH~L

HIGH

SCHOOL

COLLEGE

WHITE

BLACK

$15,600 or

mm

OTHER

ALL ITEMS OF INFORMATION (36)

NONPERSONAL ITEMS (29)

Figure 2. Proportions of agreement between youths and parents on health attitudes and perceptions, according to selected demographic

factors.

5
Table C. Correlation matrix of proportion of agreement and five background factors

(1) (2) (3)

Proportion ofagreement, 36 items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) 1.00

AW of youth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..s. . s.....(2) O*O4 1.00

Sexofyouthf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...0.......(3) 0.11 0.01 1.00

Parent’saducation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..(4) 0.04 -0.01 -0.02

Family income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..(5) 0.06 0.01 -0.03

Raceofyouthl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..(6) -0.07 -0.01 0.03n

(4) (5) (6)

1,00

0.56 100

-0.19 -0.31 1.00

lNumericel values assigned: boys--O, girls--l ;whitO,blackcl--l

istered as part of an assessment of their intel- of overall agreement was found to be signifilectual development and school achievement

(table D). Youths whose progress through

school lagged behind that of other youths

demonstrated less agreement with their parents

on these matters than the more advanced students did. A more detailed study of the relationship of health behavior and school achievement will be part of a forthcoming report in

this series.

So far as agreement attributable to the

youth-paxent proximity was concerned, degree

cantly higher for girls than for boys, for

youths 17 years of age than for those 12 years

of age, for youths above the modal grade in

school than for those below the modal level,

and for white youths than for black youths.

However, the difference in degree of youth-,

parent agreement between youths in the highest

and those in the lowest income categories

was no greater than was expected from the

distribution of all responses (table E).

Table D. Average percent of agreement between youths 12-17 years and their parents, according to relative grade level in school,

comparad with selected ability and achievement test scores: United States, 1855-70

Indexes

Degree of agreement on 36 items of health

information, youth and parent

Mean percent of agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Standard arbor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Intellectual development (as measured by the

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children)

Vocabulary subtast Tscore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Block Dasignsubtest Tscora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..O

School achievement (as measured bv the

Wide Range Achievement Test)

Reeding subtest T score . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Arithmetic subtest Tscore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., .0...0,. .

All youths,

12-17 years

of age

57.5

0.16

50.0

50.0

50.0

50.0

Grade Iavel of youth

with respect to age

Below

model

grade

55.6

0.40

45.8

47.1

45.2

46.0

In

modal

grade

56.5

0.25

52.4

51.6

52,6

62,2

Above

model

grade

59.6

0.47

54.6

53.1

55.6

54.8

‘Tha T scores shown reprasant raw scoresconvertad to norrnalizad standard scoraswith a mean of 50 and standard daviation of 10,

separately by age and sex.
Distributions with respect to selected characteristics related to emotional development

are presented in table 2 by sex for youths in six

roughly equal groups according to degree of

agreement. There was less agreement between

youth and parent among youths who were

reported to have wet the bed during the yew

prior to the examination, those reported to

have insomnia or nightmares, and those who

were said to have had treatment by a psychologist or a phychiatnst. (It is possible that these

may not prove to be direct relationships if the

influence of certain background factors could

be controlled; but it is not essential that this

be attempted for this descriptive report.

In 19 of the 36 items of information

gathered from the parallel questions, consideration of agreement was based on selection from

among 3 response options (table F). Valid comparison of agreement information from items

baaed on different numbers of options should

involve an adjustment for the probability of

two persons randomly selecting the same answer. Also, the evaluation of these data should

be done with some recognition of the possible

effect of the association of both parties with a

Table E. Average percent of agreement between youths 12-17 years and their parents, compared with average percent expected based

on random pairings of youths and adults, according to selected demographic or socioeconomic factors: United States, 1966-70

Demographic or socioeconomic category (youth)

Female, , . . . . . . . . .

Male, . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . .

12ysars . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000r more. . . . . .

Less than $3,000 . . . . .

White . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . .

Above modal grade . . . .

Below modal grade . . , .

Never smoked regularly, .

Sex of youth

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Age of youth

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race of youth

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Grade level with respect to age

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of smoking by youth

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoked oneormore packs per day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of running away from home

Near . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agreement between youth

and parent (36 items)

Mean percent

of agreement

‘ 59.8

55.3

‘58.0

56.1

56.3

55.3

158.1

53.4

‘59.6

55.6

58.7

55.0

‘58.4

53.7

Standard

error

0.21

0.22

0.30

0.36

0.50

0.44

0.19

0.59

0.47

0.40

0.26

2.02

0.22

1.32

Percent of

agreement

expected

based on

random

Wirings of

youths

and adults

48.2

46.8

47.8

47.4

49.2

46.7

47.8

46.9

48.7

46.8

47.8

46.3

47.6

46.3

‘The value is significant y higher than that for the corresponding groups, considering the difference in agreement expected (onetailed t-test, P< ,01)

7
Tabla F. Distribution of parallel quastions by number of responsa options

Numbar of rasponse options

Total . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ind probability of agreamant

w

36 100.0 0,31

3 8.3 0.50

19 52.8 0.33

11 30.6 0,25

3 8.3 0.20

mutual outside influence-e. g., general attitudes

of a subculture— on the congruence with each

other. Data in table 3 on degree of agreement

within pairs of youths and parents on the

various subjects are compared with similar measures based on a sample pairing of each youth’s

response with that of an adult other than the

one designated as his parent. The average levels

that could be derived from all random pairings

of the youths’ responses and the adults’ responses are also presented by sex for the

various questions. The percent of agreement

based on the sample pairing of youths with

adults other than their parents is close to the

average computed for all possible pairings, because the number of pairings of the youths

with the adults other than their parents constituted an overwhelmingly large proportion of

the total number of pairings possible. In connection with almost every topic, the percent of

agreement between youth and parent was

found to be significantly higher (a one-tailed

assumption) than the corresponding average

level, using a 99-percent level of confidence.

However, for the few exceptions–e.g., the expressed urgency for consulting a physician on

observing blood in the urine-agreement between youth and parent may well reflect

nothing more than the sharing of an opinion

that was held by a vast majority of the gerwral

population. The other exceptions concerned

who decided the amount of allowance and the

urgency for consulting a physician on observing

a lump in the stomach,

Overall agreement between youth and parent on these health-related matters appears to

be a function of the general relationships between adolescents and their parents. For example, Rosenberg 10 found that the self-image of

adolescents correlated significantly and positively with the image that other important

persons such as parents and teachers had of

them, and these findings are consistent with

that conclusion. It has also been reportedll that

most disagreements with parents took place

when the youths were in the seventh or eighth

grades, when they were around 12 or 13 years

of age. On these health-related matters, congruence increased from 12 through 17 years of

age; thus, disagreement was at its highest at age

12, but, unfortunately, comparable data on

younger children are not presently available.

General Health

In order to provide a basis for comparing

youths’ responses and agreement data, distributionsof responses by parents to certain general

questions on the health of the youths are

presented (table 4).

A strong relationship was observed between

health status assessment by the parent and

agreement between youth and parent on all the

various topics covered by the paired responses

(table 5). Youths who were rated more favorably with respect to general health, the presence of health problems, and to nervousness

showed closer overall agreement with their

parents.

Detailed data on the youths in the form of

paired responses to questions on health status,
health problems , nervousness, relative weight,

and food consumption are presented according

to demographic factors in tables 6-10. Parents

in general rated the youths’ health more favorably (table 6), but at the same time, they

reported being worried about health problems

of the youth more often than the youths

expressed such worries themselves (table 7).

The youths reported considerably more nervous

feelings than their parents attributed to them,

and the gap bet we en the parents’ more favorable

rating and the youths’ own rating increased with

age (table 8). The parents’ estimates of relative

weight of their sons were higher than the

youths’ assessments, but girls reported themselves to be heavier than their parents perceived

them to be (table 9). Also, girls saw themselves

as eating more than their parents thought they

did (table 10).

Significant differences between boys and

girls so far as agreement attributable to youthparent proximity is concerned were uncovered

with regard to present health status, relative

weight, and food consumption. Girls agreed

more with their parents concerning their health

status and their relative weight (in relation to

expected degree of agreement according to

sub~woup). Boys agreed with their parents more

on the subject of food consumption.

Income appeared to be closely associated

with agreement on these matters; this was

found on health problems among boys and

girls, cm weight status among girls, and on

timount of food eaten among boys. Except for

nervousness, the relationship of agreement on

these general health items to income was not

attributed to the youth-parent proximity; in

each case the observed difference in de~ee of

?Wcment between the highest and lowest in.

come groups, based on all adult and youth

responses, was not significmtly greater than

expected (see table III, appendix I). Youths in

the lowest income group agreed more with

their parents’ more favorable assessments of

their clqycc of nervousness than youths in the

highest income group did. Differences in aLgreemcnt according to race, which undoubtedly reHcct the effect of the income factor, were significantly greater than expected for the rating of

health status of the youth, with agreement

being higher for white youths, and for nervousness in the youth, with agreement being higher

for black youths. In cases where their general

health status was assessed more favorably by

parents and by the youths themselves, a large

proportion of youths (particularly girls) tended

to report their weight as being greater than

their parents reported it to be (table 11). The

relationship of youth-parent agreement on relative weight and the assessment of health status

was significantly weaker than expected based

on responses in general.

Bledsoe and Wigginsl 2 concluded that parents’ perceptions of physical appearance of

adolescents were significantly more favorable

than those of the youths themselves, and that

in general parents perceive adolescents more

favorably than the youths perceive themselves.

The data compiled in this survey support these

contentions with respect to general health status, food consumption, relative weight, and

nervousness. One possible exception appears in

connection with the perception of specific

health problems.

Health Behavior

Percent distribution of youths by responses

of parents concerning the degree of urgency

they would feel to consult a doctor in the

event their children developed any of 12 selected symptoms or conditions is presented in

table 12. Although parents and youths generally ranked the symptoms in the same order

with respect to the need for seeing a physician,

parents showed significantly greater concern

about all but one symptom (tables 13-1 6). For

the exception, “hurting all over,” the difference in expressed urgency between youths and

parents was not significant. Greater differences

between youths and parents were observed in

connection with blood in the urine or bowel

movement, stomach ache, a lump in the stomach, and sore throat than with other

symptoms.

Differences in agreement between youth

and parent were greater for boys than for girls;

but only for vomiting and overtiredness were

the differences in agreement between the sexes

greater than expected, and thus deemed to be

related primarily to the youth-parent proxim9
ity. Youth-parent

with age of the

petted. Also, the

agreement did not increase

youths any more than exobserved effect of income

was close to the expected for all of the

symptoms. Although agreement between parents and youths was in general higher for white

than for black youths (except for overtiredness), congruence on the seriousness of these

symptoms was not significantly different for

the two racial groups. Although black youths

and their parents expressed greater concern

about overtiredness than white youths and

their parents, more white youths than black

were found to be in agreement with their

parents when the difference between the races

in this respect was considered. Agreement on

the symptom headache was found to be more

closely related to progress of the youths in

school than any other, with youths who were

below the modal level expressing greater concern than their parents in larger proportions

than did the other youths.

The degree of agreement between youth

and parent on each symptom is shown in

tables 17-20 according to selected healthrelated characteristics of the youth. When compared with youths who said they had visited a

physician or a dentist for an examination,

youths who said they had never done so had

low agreement on all symptoms except hurting

all over, pain in chest, and nervousness.

Attitude Toward Education

Percent distributions of youths by parents’

reported goals and expectations with regard to

the level of formal education to be attained by

their children are presented in table 21. Generally, expectations were lower than goals; and

both were higher for boys than for girls, as

expressed by both youths and parents. Agreement between parent and youth on the two

questions about attitudes toward education occurred twice as frequently as would be expected by chance. This was an area of consideration where the responses seemed to be more

closely associated with the proximity of the

family relationship than any of the other topics (table 3).

Data on the paired responses indicated

more

than

agreement with respect to

to goals (table 22). Parents

expectations

of boys as a

whole ha-d significantly’ higher goals than their

sons. This &.s not “&ue”for ‘girls and their

parents. Youths in general had higher expectations than their parents. Compared with boys,

girls demonstrated a significantly higher degree

of agreement on expectations with their parents that was attributed to the family relationship. A significantly greater than expected increase in youth-parent agreement on goals and

expectations was found with increasing age of

the youths. In general, degree of congruence

on goals and expectations proved to be positively related to level of income, but the

relationship to income of that portion of the

measure of agreement which could be attributed to youth-parent proximity was evident for

goals but not for expectations. That is, agreement on expectations between youths and parents in the separate income categories was no

higher than expected, based on the average

for the income group, but it was higher than

expected with respect to goals. Compared with

white youths, the proportions of agreement on

educational goals and expectations by black

youths were significantly Iower than expected

for the family pairs. However, where parents

and youths disagree on expectations, the proportion of black youths with higher expectations than their parents was considerably greater

than that of white youths.

Agreement data on educational goals and

expectations are presented according to

school-related characteristics of youths in

table 23. Relatively low agreement was ob

served for youths who were reported to have

been upset on entering first grade and for

those who were reported by parents as too

slow in mental development. Overall agreement

with parents (on all items of information in

thk study) was higher for boys who were

“quite happy” on entering first grade (table G),

A similar relationship between reaction to first

grade and agreement on relative weight is apparent from data in figure 3. Being happy on

entering first grade was found to be positively

related to having attended kindergarten.

Youths who were above the modal grade in

school in relation to their ages agreed in larger

10
Table G, Percent distribution of youths 12-17 yaws of age by type of initial reaction to first grade, according to degree of congruence

with Parents On heaIth att itudas and behavior: United Statas, 1966-70

Percent of agreamant on rasponsesl

Initiel reaction to first grade and sex of youth

043 44-51 52-57 58-63 64-69 70-100

Percent distribution

Boys, 12-17 years ofaga ...,,,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Wasquite happy ., ., . .,.,...,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 71.8 71.8 74.7 75.2 74.0

Wasalittla upsato. .o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.1 17.0 16.4 12.8 15.8 18.4

Wasquiteupsat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 3.1 2.7 3.6 1.3

Wassoupsat,bacama sick,.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.4 1.()

1.8

Don’tremember. ..,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7

0.5

7.5 6.3 8.5 6.7 5.1

Girls, 12-17yearsofaga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Wasquiteheppy, , .,,..,.,. ,,, ., . .,, ,,, .,...,.,, . . . 75,4 77.1 78.7 81.0 76.4 76,8

Wasalittle upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 14.8 10.8 11.3 13.0

Wasquitaupset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,7

13.6

2.5 4.7 2.4 2.6

Wassoupset, bacamasick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5

3.1

0.3 0.3 0.6 1.0

Don’tremambar ...,,,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7

0.3

5.2 5.4 4.7 7.0 6.2

1The means of the respactiVa distributions by sax are 55 parcant for boys and 60 parcant for girls.

WAS 9UITE HAPPY

WAS A LITTLE UPSET

WAS OUITE UPSET

WAS SO uPSET,

SECAME SICK

WAS OUITE HAPPY

WAS A LllTLE UPSET

WAS OUITE UPSET

WAS SO UPSET.

BECAME SICK

PERCENT OF AGREEMENT ON WEIGHT

o 20 40 60 80 Ifxl

1 1 I 1 i

BOYS

GIRLS

Figure 3, Parcent of agreamant between youths and their

parents on tha relative weight of the youth, according to

initial reaction of youth to first grade.

proportions with their parents’ goals and expectations (table H). As would be presumed,

this relationship of agreement on educational

goals and expectations to progress in school

was found to be significant for the youthparent pairs. A pronounced trend can be seen

between goals and expectations of parents and

the degree of agreement on education between

youths and parents; agreement on goals was

associated with higher levels of expectation,

while accord on expectations was associated

withlowergoals.

Agreement with parents among boys with

respect to food consumption and among girls

with respect to relative weight proved to be

related to the parents’ expressed feelings concerning the youths’ educational attainment.

Closer agreement was associated with higher

parental goals and expectations (table 24). Data

on agreement on the rating of nervousness in

the youth according to expectation level of the

parent are shown in table J. It was found that

when parental expectations were high more

nervousness was reported by the youths which

was not observed by the parents.

Offerll found that one of the more difficult

problems faced by adolescents was the setting

11
Table H. Percent distribution of paired responses concerning educational goals and expectations for the youth by catagory of agreement

between youths 12-17 years and parents, according to relative grada level of the youth, with corresponding standard errors United

States, 1966-70

Topic and cata~ry of agreement

All youths, 12-17 years. . . .

Youth’s goal higher than parent’s

Samegoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s goal hi@er than youth’s

Educational goals

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Expectations regarding aducation

All youths, 12-17 yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s expectation higher than parent’s. . . . . . . . . . . .

Sameexpactation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s expectation higher than youth’s. . . . . . . . . . . .

Educational !roels

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s fpal hi@arthan parent’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Samegoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s goal higher than youth’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Expectations regarding education

Youth’s expectation higher thanparant’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Semeexpectation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s expectation higher thanyouth’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lrade level with respect to age

m

Percent distribution

100.0

21.4

46.6

32.0

100.0

27.3

51.4

21.2

T

100.0 100.0

20.5 20.3

53.0 55.3

26.5 24,4

24.7 23.6

55.9 57.7

19.4 18.6

Standard arror ot percent

0.85 0.92 1.61

1.28 1.14 1.87

1.15 0.79 1.39

1.07

1.44

0.99

0.67 1.48

1.00 2.07

0.87 1.77

Table J. Percent distribution of paired responses on daqree of nervousness in youths 12-17 yeersof age, acrxsrdingto parent’s expectation

concerning educational attainment of youth: United States, 1966-70

Expactecl %~ucational aytai C.m?nt and sex of youth

Boys, 12-17 yews

Quitschaol assoonm possfbla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F,riifih high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get so.mecolhrgecw other tmining%sfter high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish calle~and Wtacolle9edag, ~? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish college andt~kef urthartraining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, 12-17 year:

Quitschool assoonas possible . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finisti h;ghscircw lt . . . . . . . ..i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gatsome college orother tra!ninoa fterhighschcol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish college andgeta colle~e degree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish college andtake further training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness

E

Percent distribution

25.9

16.6

9.1

7.3

6.0

17,2

11.0

5.8

3.7

6.0

44.9

48.3

50.9

50.7

45,3

48.3

53.1

50.5

47.2

46.8

28.2

35.2

39.9

41.9

48.7

34.5

35,9

43.7

49.2

47.2

12
of vocational and educational goals, and that

80 percent of parents approved of the future

plans of their daughters and sons regarding

such goals. The present survey revealed that

one-third of the parents of boys and onefourth of the parents of girls expressed higher

ambitions in this regard than the youths did.

Kandel and Lesser13 found that although

mothers had higher ambitions with regard to

educational and occupational plans for their

offspring than the youths had for themselves

higher maternal aspirations were held for boys

than for girls. This is borne out by the present

datia, but results in relation to sex became

more balanced at the higher income levels. In

general, the expectations expressed by girls

showed that they did not agree with such

differential treatment.

Independence

Parents’ responses to questions about the

degree of independence enjoyed by youths at

home are presented in tables 25-27. Decisionmaking in the management of money, in the

choice of clothes and friends, and in the hours

for staying out are discussed in this section.

Parents’ responses indicated that they perceived

an increase in independence of youths as they

grow older, especially in regard to their clothes

and social hours. The relationship of overall

tig~em-nent (all items of information) and selected characteristics related to autonomy is

indicated in table 28. As expected, more general agreement with parents was found for boys

who were considered easier to bring up, for

youths who did not run away from home, and

particularly for youths who did not smoke.

Although none of the youths thought they

had any voice in deciding how much allowance

they were to receive, there was close youthpurent a~~ecment with respect to receiving an

allowance. The proportion of youths reporting

that were not involved in the decisionmaking

increwed with increasing age (table 29). \’out hpiu-ent agreement on whether or not an allowance was received was positively related

to income to a significantly greater extent than

WJS expected, based on the distribution of all

responses according to income. Agreement on

receiving an allowance that was attributed to

the youth-parent proximity was significantly

higher for girls than for boys, and it was

significantly higher for white youths than for

black youths.

Data on agreement regarding responsibility

for decisions on clothes, spending, friends, and

hours (based on three response options) are

shown in tables 30 and 31 according to selected background factors. Agreement was

closer on who made the decisions regarding

clothes and on how late the youth should stay

out than on the other two matters. On three

of the four types of decisions (clothes, money,

and friends), youths indicated that they had

more independence than their parents thought

they had, particularly in choosing friends; and

more boys than girls cited greater independence. There was greater agreement on who

chose their friends as the youths grew older,

with an increasing proportion of parents agreeing that the youths did. With respect to hours,

the data show that parents indicated more

independence for the youths than the youths

did for themselves. The differences according to

race about money and friends proved to be significant y greater than expected, with the higher

proportions of agreement for white youths.

Black youths showed more agreement with their

parents on hours than white youths, but this

was not significantly different from the expected.

The degree of agreement on questions related to independence is shown in table 32 to

be associated with selected emotional adjustment characteristics of the youths. Youths

reported to have wet the bed during the year

prior to the examination agreed less with their

parents on these matters than the other youths

did. The occurrence of bad dreams and sleepwalking was associated with the lack of agreement on who decided on spending money.

Selected social adjustment characteristics of

the youths were examined in relation to agreement on decisionmaking (table 33). Relatively

low agreement on who made the decisions

concerning the social hours of the youth was

observed for youths who were upset on entering first grade, who were reported to have been

13
a lot of trouble to bring up, who spent long

periods of time away from home, or who ran

away from home. Unaccountably, youths who

usually ate two meals or more with the family

had low agreement scores with respect to decisions on friends, clothes, and money. Among

other meaningful associations, it can be seen

that agreement on decisions regarding clothes

was low for youths who were a lot of trouble

to bring up, who ran away, or who smoked.

According to 0ffer14 (and others), these

findings are generally consistent with what

seems to be an axiomatic expected steady

increase in autonomy as the youth grows older.

The exception, from the youth’s point of view,

was who decided on the amount of allowance.

Parents, however, indicated by their responses

some lack of awareness of the extent of this

denial. Youths, particularly boys, perceived

more democracy in action than their parents

did on all other matters except staying out late.

Values

The distribution of responses by parents

about the relative importance to young people

of 11 selected qualities of personality, given 4

options, is presented in table 34. A comparison

of the ranking in importance of these qualities

by youths and parents

with summary data

is shown in table K along

on agreement between

youth and parent on how important each

quality should be rated. Agreement was closest

on the importance of obeying the law, the

quality ranked highest in importance by both

youths and parents. The greatest disagreement

was about ambition, with a relatively large proportion of parents rating this characteristic

higher than their offspring did. Youths as a

whole attached considerably more importance

to being neat and clean and to having self-

-control than their parents did. For knowing how

to keep in good health and facing life’s problems

calmly, the responses were balanced. Parents

more frequently rated the other qualities (e.g.,

consideration, happiness, dependabilityy, and

ambition) higher in importance than their sons

and daughters did. More girls than boys rated

obedience to parents significantly higher in

importance than their parents did. Girls also

differed significantly from boys in their rating of

the importance of obeying the law, attaching

about the same degree of importance as their

parents did, while boys attached much less

importance to this quality than their parents

did. Self-defense was rated about as high by

boys as by their parents, while this ability was

rated much lower in importance by girls than by

their parents.

Table K, Rank in importance to youths 12-17 years of age and their parents of selected qualities of personality and degree of agreement

regarding the importance of each quality: United States, 1966-70

Quality of personality

Allqualities listed (average) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobey the law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To beneatand claan ...,.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobeyone’s parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toknowhow tokeepin good health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To haveself-control . ...,,.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To bedependable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To beconsiderate ofothars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To behappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To face life’s problems calmly... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To beambitious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To beableto defend one’sself, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rank in

importance

i=

‘out h Parent

. . . . . .

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1

4

3

5

7

2

6

8

9

10

11

Percent of

agreement in

rasponses

Percent of

parents citing

greater

importance

among pairs

disagreeing

56.2 I53.0

65.2

61.2

59.0

57,0

55.8

57.6

55.6

51.9

51.8

50.7

52.0

56.6

40,5

44.9

46,5

46,2

58.7

60.6

58.2

52,9

62.7

54.8

14
Agreement data for each quality of personality are presented in table 35 according to

demographic factors. Differences according to

sex of the youth greater than those expected

from the youth-adult relationship were observed

with respect to self-control, with girls and their

parents being in closer agreement than boys

and their parents were. In addition, a substantially lower than expected proportion of boys

than of girls agreed with their parents’ higher

ratings of ambition. A positive income effect

was observed in the general population for the

quality of being dependable, with more agreement at the higher income levels. For youths

and parents as groups, a negative income effect

was found in connection with obeying parents,

being neat and clean, and knowing how to

keep in good health. The latter income effect

is evident in the gross comparison of agreement

according to race for the same three values. No

significant associations between youth-parent

agreement and income were observed in connection with any of these items on values. A

significant difference according to race that

was attributed to youth-parent proximity appeared with regard to the importance of self-

-control, with white youths displaying closer

agreement with their parents than did black

youths. Relatively more black youths attached

less importance to this quality than did their

parents.

In tables 36-38 agreement on the ratings of

importance of these qualities of personality is

examined in relation to selected characteristics

of the youths; the resulting data enable some

assessment of agreement on values in relation

to social development, independence, and emotional development. Agreement with respect to

obeying civil and parental authority was found

to be related positively to good,. health, happiness on entering first grade, eating often with

the rest of the family, having parents who were

well-acquainted with the youth’s friends, restful

sleep, and not smoking or running away from

home. Agreement on the rating of being considerate of others and being dependable was

higher for youths who made frequent overnight

visits with friends or who did not have bad

dreams. Youth-parent agreement on the relative

importance of ambition and self-control was

higher among youths who made frequent overnight visits, had not wet the bed in the past

year, had not run away from home, or had not

been treated by a psychologist or psychiatrist.

In addition to differing significantly with their

parents on the relative importance of respect

for authority, ambition, and self-control, there

was low youth-parent agreement on the need

for calmness, being happy, or being able to

defend themselves for youths who ran away

from home. None of these relationships between

agreement on specific values and background

characteristics were found to be attributable to

the youth-parent proximity when observed

differences were compared with differences

expected based on the distribution of the

responses by adults and youths in groups according to background characteristics of youth.

The opinion of Munnsl 5 that adolescents’

questioning of parental values is not indicative

of their final value commitments is borne out by

the relative closeness of agreement between

parents and youths as pairs and adults and

youths as groups in their assessment of the

importance of these selected qualities of personality and character. Kandel and Lesserl 6 believe

that differences between parents and youths are

smallest on general life values because these

values are perceived to be more relevant to the

adolescent’s future role than to his present

situation. In the present study, observed differences on the importance of specific values

according to behavior pattern of the youth were

found to be more closely related to demographic

or socioeconomic factors than to the particukw

relationship with the respective parent.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

Statistical information on the congruence

between youths 12-17 years of age in the

noninstitutional U.S. population and their parents on 36 items of health-related material is

presented and discussed in relation to demographic and socioeconomic factors. Data were

obtained by questionnaires from the youths

and their parents in the Health Examination

Survey of 1966-70. A total of 6,867 youths

15
were examined. They comprised a sample

dawn to be closely representative of the U.S.

adolescent population with respect to age, sex,

race, region, and certain other available demographic or socioeconomic factors.

Data on degree of agreement in paired

responses are presented for all the parallel

questions and separately for each item. Congruence in perceptions, attitudes, and evaluations concerning general health, health behavior, education, independence, and personal and

social values are discussed in relation to general

background factors and specific characteristics

associated with the social and emotional development of the youths. So far as possible,

agreement related to youth-parent proximity

was distinguished from agreement no greater

than that which could be ascribed to the more

general interaction of youths and the world of

adults, grouped according to background

characteristics.

Considering all matters covered in this analysis, there was more agreement than disagreement

among all youths and all adults, and youths

agreed more with their parents than with adults

in general” Girls more often gave the same

answer as their parents than boys did. Generally, degree of agreement was related to level of

family income and the age of the youth in a

positive direction. Higher agreement was associated with more favorable ratings of health of

the youths. Parents viewed the health of the

youths more favorably than the youths did

themselves. However, youths more often failed

to perceive speeific health problems that were

of concern to parents. Compared with youths,

parents felt greater urgency for the youth to

see a physician in connection with every 1 of

12 representative symptoms or conditions. Parents also had higher goals with regard to their

sons’ or daughters’ attainment in formal education, but the youths’ expectations were higher

than their parents’. Youths perceived themselves as enjoying greater autonomy than their

parents thought they did. Youths and parents

ranked a list of 11 representative favorable

qualities of personality as being important to

young people in practically the same order,

with respect for authority in first place. In

general, youths thought that some qualities,

such as being neat and clean, were more important for them than their parents did, but more

often the parent attached more importance to

the specific quality.

In the presentation, which provides for

comparing the effects of background factors,

many overall differences were demonstrated.

The significant differences in youth-parent

agreement according to demographic grouping

which were uncovered and attributed to the

proximity of the family pairs are condensed

below:

Background factor and item of

health information on youth

Age: 2

‘All (36) items

Educational goal

Expectation concerning education

Subgroup of

youths with significantly more

agreement with

their parents,

compared with the

other group

17 years

17 years

17 years

Reason for greater agreement 1

None

Deerease (with age) in proportion of

youths with higher goals than their

parents’

Decrease in proportion of youths

with higher expectations than

their parents’

16
Background factor and item of

health information on youth

Independence regarding:

Choosing clothes

Nocturnal social hours

Importance of self-defense as

quality of personality

Sex:

All (36) items

Present health status

Relative weight status

Food consumption

Urgency to consult physician for:

Overtiredness

Vomiting

Expectation concerning education

Independence regarding:

Receiving allowance

Choosing clothes

Spending money

Selecting friends

Importance as quality of personality:

Self-control

Ambition

Income3

Nervousness

Subgroup of

youths with significantly more

agreement with

their parents,

compared with the

other group

17 years

12 years

17 years

Girls

Girls

GMs

Boys

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Girls

Less than $3,000

Reason for greater agreement 1

None

Increase in proportion of youths who

cited more independence than did

their parents

Decrease in proportion of youths

who attached greater importance

to quality than did their parents

None

Relatively fewer girls rated their

health more favorably than did

their parents

Relatively more girls perceived themselves as weighing less than their

parents reported

Relatively fewer boys perceived

themselves to be eating more than

their parents reported

Relatively fewer girls expressed less

concern than did their parents

Relatively fewer girls expressed less

concern than did their parents

Relatively fe~ver girls had lower expectations than their parents’

None

Some

Relatively fewer girls cited more independence than did their parents

Relatively fewer girls cited more independence than did their parents

None

None

Proportionately more youths in the

17
Background factor and item of

health information on youth

Educational goal

Receiving of allowance

Grade level in school:4

AH (36) items

Educational goal

Expectation concerning education

Receiving of allowance

Independence regarding noctural

social hours

Race5

All (36) items

Present health status

Nervousness

Urgency to consult physician for

overtiredness

Educational goal

Expectation concerning education

Independence regarding:

Receiving allowance

Subgroup of

youths with significantly more

agreement with

their parents,

compared with the

other group

$15,000 or more

$15,000 or more

Above modal grade

Above modal grade

Above modal grade

Above modal grade

Above modal grade

White

White

Black

White

White

White

White

Reason for greater agreement 1

low income group rated themselves more favorably, but fewer

such youths rated themselves

less favorably, than did their

parents

None

proportionately fewer youths in the

high income group cited more independence than did their parents

None

Relatively fewer youths above the

modal level had higher goals than

their parents’

None

Relatively fewer youths above the

modal level cited more independence than did their parents

Relatively fewer youths above the

modal level cited less independence than did their parents

None

Proportionately fewer white youths

rated their health more favorably

than did their parents

i?roportionately fewer black youths

rated themselves less favorably

than did their parents

None

None

Proportionately fewer white youths

expressed expectations greater

than their parents’

Proportionately fewer white youths

said that they received an allow1!3
Background factor and item of

health information on youth

Spending money

Selecting friends

Importance of self-control as

quality of personality

Subgroup of

youths with significantly more

agreement with

their parents,

compared with the

other group

White

White

White

Reason for greater agreement 1

ante, while their parents said that

they did not

None

Proportionately fewer white youths

cited less independence than did

their parents

Proportionately fewer white youths

attached less importance to quality than did their parents

1comments are ~xPre~~ed in terms of &-ection of difference in attitude of subgroup with greater agreement. An

indication of no direction (“none”) means that the difference in the proportion of agreement between subgroups was

proportionately distributed between the two categories of disagreement to produce no more than a higher consensus

rating for one group.

~Twelve.year.old youths were comp~ed with 17-year-old youths.

3Y~uths from families with annual incomes of less than $3,000 were compared with youths from families with

annual incomes of $15,000 or more.

4Youths in grades above the mod~ levels for their ageswere compared with youths in grades below the modal

levels.

s White youths were compared with black Youfis.

Findings with respect to grade level in school all, it appears that congruence in these matters,

and race appeared to reflect, to some extent, mainly reflecting favorable experiences and rethe effect of income and education of parent. Iated attitudes, occurred in positive association

These favorable findings, with few excep- with circumstances of existence that are corrections, were shown to support pertinent theoret- lates of economic security.

ical conclusions cited from the literature. Over19
REFERENCES

lNation~ Center for Health Statistics: Parent ratings

of behavioral patterns of youths 12-17 years, United

States, Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1 l-No. 137.

DHEW Pub. No. (HRA) 74-1619. Health Resources

Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing

Office, May 1974.

2Nation~ Center for Health Statistics: Self-reported

health behavior and attitudes for youths 12-17 years,

United States. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1l-No.

147. DHEW Pub. No. (HRA) 75-1629. Health Resources

Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing

Offce, Dec. 1974.

i National Center for Health Statistics: Health

attitudes and behavior of youths 12-17 years:

demographic and socioeconomic factors, United States.

Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1l-No. 153. DHEW

Pub. No. (HRA) 76-1635. Health Resources

Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing

Office, Oct. 1975.

4Nationa1 Center for He~th Statistics: Behavior

patterns in school of youths 12-17 years. Vital and

Health Statistics. Series 1 l-No. 139. DHEW Pub. No.

(H RA ) 74-1621. Health Resources Administration.

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, May

1974.

5National Center for Health Statistics: Origin, program, and operation of the U.S. National Health Survey.

Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Series

l-No. 1. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Apr. 1965.

6Nation~ Center for Heath Statisticss plan and

initial program of the Health Examination Survey. Vital

and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000-Series l-No. 4.

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government

Printing Office, July 1965.

7Nation~ Center for Health Statistics: Cycle I of the

Health Examination Survey, sample and response,

United States, 1960-1962. Vital and Health Statistics.

PHS Pub. No. 1000-Series 1l-No. 1. Public Health

Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office,

Apr. 1964.

8National Center for Health Statistics: Plan, operation, and response results of a program of children’s

examination. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No.

1000-Series l-No. 5. Public Health Service. Washington,

U.S. Government Printing Office, Oct. 1967.

9National Center for Health Statistics: Plan and

operation of a health examination survey of U.S. youths

12-17 years of age. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub.

No. 1000-Series l-No. 8. Public Health Sewice,

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Sept.

1969.

10Rosenberg, M.: Society and the Adolescent Selfimage. Princeton, N.J. Princeton University Press, 1965.

11Offer, D.: The Psychological World of the Teenager. New York-London, Basic Books, Inc., 1969, p.52.

12Bledsoe, J. C.,and Wiggins, R. G.: Congruence of

adolescents’ self-concepts and parents’ perception of

adolescents’ self-concepts. J. of PsychoL 83( 1): 131-136,

1973.

13Kandel, D. B., ~d Lesser, G. S.: youth in Two

Worlds. San Francisco-Washington-London, Jossey-Bass,

Inc., 1972, pp. 143-144.

140ffer: op. cit., p. 60.

15Munns, M: Is there really a generation gap? Adolescence. 6(22): 197-205, 1971.

16Kandel and Lesser: op. cit., p. 134

17National Center for Health Statistics: Sample design and estimation procedures for a national health

examination survey of children. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2-No. 43. DHEW Pub. No. (HSM) 72-1005.

Health Services and Mental Health Administration.

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Aug.

1971. .

000

20
LIST OF DETAILED TABLES

1. Average percent and standard error of mean percent of agreement in rasponses to selected questions on healti

attitudes and bahavior betwaen youths 12-17 years of age and their parents, by sex and other salected demographic

characteristics; United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Percent distributions of youths 12-17years ofageby selected characteristics associated with emotional development,

according to degree of congruence with parents on responses to questions on health attitudes and behavior and

according tosex:United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Percent and standard error of youths 12-17 years of age who agreed with parents or with randomly-selected adults

other than own parents on 36 items of health information and the average percent for all youths with all adults, by

selected items of information and sex: U.S. 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Proportions of youths 12-17 wars of age reported by parents as having certain general health characteristics,

according to sex, with corresponding standard errors: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by selected general health characteristics, according to degree of

congruence with parents in responses to questions on health attitudes and behavior and according to sex: United

States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6, Percent distribution ofpaired ratings ongeneral health status of theyouths byat~ory ofagreement between youths

12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics and sex of youth, and standard

error ofpercent bysex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. Percent distribution ofpaired responses regarding presence ofhealth problems intheyouth bvmtegory of agreement

between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected demographic characteristics and sex of youth,

andstandard error ofpercent by sex: United States. 1966-70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8. Percent distribution of paired responses regarding degree of nervousness in the youth by category of agreement

between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected demographic characteristics andsex of youth,

and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9. Percent distribution of peired responses regarding weight of the youth by category of agreement between youths

12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics end sex of youth, and standard

error ofpercent bysex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10. Percent distribution of paired responses concerning amount of food eaten by the youth by category of agreement

between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics and sex of youth,

andstandard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11. Percent distribution of paired responses concerning relative weight of youth by category of agreement between

youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to generel health status assessments end sex, and standard error of

percent bysex:United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12. Percent distribution and standard error of percent of youths 12-17 years of age by nature of parent’s stated decision

to consult a doctor for specified symptoms, according to sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13. Percent distributions of paired responses regarding decision to see a doctor for blood in urine or bowel movement,

lump in stomach, or pain in chest of youth by category of agreement batwean youths 12-17 years of age and parents,

according to selected demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . .

14. Percent distributions of paired responses ragarding decision to see a doctor for stiff neck, hurting all over, or

nervousness in the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age end parents, according to

selected demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . .

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

21
15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31,

Percent distributions of paired responses regarding decision to see a doctor for loss of appetite, overtiredness, or sore

throat in the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected

demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses regarding decision to see a doctor for vomiting, stomach ache, or headache

in the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected

demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of pairad responses concerning decision to see a doctor for blood in urine or bowel movement,

lump in stomach, or pain in chest of the youth by catagory of agreament between youths 12-17 years of age and

parents, according to selected health characteristics: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning decision to see a doctor for stiff neck or beck, hurting all over,

or nervousness in youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to

selected health characteristics: United States 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning decision to see a doctor for loss of appetite, overtiredness, or

sore throat in youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected

health characteristics: United States, 1966-70–Con. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parcent distributions of paired responses concerning decision to see a doctor for vomiting, stomach ache, or headache

in youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected health

characteristics: United States 1966-70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by desired attainment in education and expectation for the youth

by the parent, according to age and sex, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning educational goels and expectations regarding education for the

youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic

characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning educational goals and expectations concerning aducation for the

youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected characteristics

related to schooling of the youth, and standard error of percent: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of pared responses regarding relative amount eaten and relative weight of youth by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to parent’s desire and expectation concerning

education of youth and according to sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .

Proportion of youths 12-17 years of age reported by parents as receiving allowances, percent distribution of persons

deciding on the amount, and proportion of youths who earned money among those receiving no allowances,

according to age and sex, and standard error of percent by sex United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by parent’s report of who chooses youth’s clothes and who decides

how he spends his money, according to age and sex, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . .

Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by parent’s report of who selects youth’s friends and who decides

how late he may stay out, according to age and sex, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . .

Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by selected characteristics associated with social development,

according to degree of congruence with parents on responses to questions on health attitudes and behavior and

according tosex:United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning allowances for youths by category of agreement between youths

12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by

sex: United States, 1966-70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning who makes most of the decisions on youth’s clothes and the

spending of money by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected

demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distributions of paired responses concerning who chooses youth’s friends and decides the hours for being out

by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic

characteristics, and stand error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38

39

40

42

44

46

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

22
32. Percent distribution of paired rasponses concerning clothes, money, friends, and hours of youths by category of

agraement batween youths 12-17 yeara of age and parents, eccording to selected characteristics related to emotional

development of theyouth: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

33. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning clothes, money, friends, and hours of youths by category of

egraement batweers youths 12-17 years of aga and parents, according to selected characteristics related to social

development of theyouth: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GO

34, Percent distribution and stendard error of parcent of youths 12-17 years of aga by parant’s rating of tha importance

of specified qualities of personality, according to sex: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

35. ParCant distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by catagory

of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics, and I

standard error ofpercent bysax: Unitad Statas,1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

36, Percant distributions of paired responses concerning tha importance of spacified qualities of personality of category

of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parants, according to health status and salected characteristics

associetad with social development of the youth: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

37. Parcant distributions of pairad responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category

of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to salected characteristics associated with

indepandance of theyouth: United States, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

38, ParCant distributions of pairad responses concerning the Importance of specified qualities of personality by category

of agreemant between youths 12-17 years of aga and parents, according to selected characteristics associated with

emotional davalopmentof tha youth: United Statas, 1966-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . 74

23
Table 1. Average percent and standard error of mean percent of agreement in responses to selected questions on health attitudes and

behavior batween youths 12-17 years of age and their parents, by sex and other selected demographic characteristics; United States,

1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of placa of residence

Urbanized areasl . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rats of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Below average gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain ..,...,, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family incomS

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000 - 4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000 - 6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000 - 9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmnre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

i tic:mtatiori af 25,000 or more.

Mean percentage of agreemant in

responding to 36 health

questions-youth and parent

Total

57.5

56.1

57.1

57.7

57.6

56.8

58.0

58.1

53.4

61.6

58.1

57.6

56.0

58.2

57.5

57.5

57.6

57.8

57.3

57.3

55.3

56.1

57.1

58.3

59.3

58.3

Boys

55.3

54.4

55.2

55.4

54.8

56.7

55.6

66.0

51.0

57.9

55.9

55.9

53.9

55.6

55.0

55.6

54.9

55.5

55,0

55,B

52.5

53.1

54.6

56.1

57.2

57.0

Girls

59.8

57.8

59.1

60.0

60.4

60.9

60.5

60.3

55.8

66.0

60.5

58.4

58.2

61.0

60.0

59.6

60.2

60.3

59,6

59.0

57.7

59.0

59.5

60.8

61.3

59.8

Standard error of mean percent

Total

0.16

0.36

0.43

0.42

0.38

0.28

0.30

0.19

0.59

1.73

0.52

0.32

0.38

0.50

0.22’

0.22

0.60

0.53

0,28

0,30

0.44

0.42

0,40

0.36

0,30

0.50

Boys

0.22

0.49

0.65

0.69

0.56

0.40

0.52

0.26

0.64

2.79

0.65

0.45

0.43

0.65

0.38

0.39

0.80

0.62

0.37

0.44

0.81

0.56

0.54

0.53

0.41

0.76

Girls

0.21

0.50

0.44

0.51

0.58

0.55

0.46

0.22

0.99

2.92

0.40

0.47

0.58

0.42

0.54

0.53

0.50

0.51

0,49

0.47

0.66

0.55

0.52

0,49

0.41

0.50

24
Table 2. Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by selected characteristics associated with emotional development, according to degree of congruence

with pcrents on responses to questions on health attitudes and behavior and according to sex United States, 1966-7o

Selectad characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . .

Bedwettin~

Youths reported as wetting bad in

Pastvear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otharyouths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of insomnia

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OnlvfrOm timetOtime. . . . . . . . . . .

Varyoftsm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fraquencv of bad dreams

Never. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlvfrom timetotime . . . . . . . . . . .

Quitefrequentiy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hsopital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has been treated bv

psychiatrist or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent of agreement on responses

BOVS Girls

843 44-51 52-571 58-63 64-69 70-100 043 44-51

I

52-57 58-631 64-69 70-100

Parcent distribution

1IY3.o

9.7

90.3

53.5

36.5

10.0

61.9

33.6

4.5

5.1

84.9

9.6

80.4

100.0

6.9

93.1

49.3

42.6

8.1

55.2

41.5

3.3

2::

7.3

92.7

100.0

3.6

86.4

53.0

42.5

4.5

59.6

38.4

2.0

3.9

86.1

9::;

lLn3.o

6.6

93.4

49.3

45.8

4.9

56.7

39.2

2.1

2.2

97.8

9;:;

100.0

3.B

96.2

68.4

36.8

4.8

58.2

39.9

1.9

2;

5.3

84.7

100.0

4.8

95.4

60.7

36.0

3.3

59.2

40.2

0.6

3.5

%.5

8.1

91.9

100.0

6.0

84.0

48.1

41.6

10.3

44.1

49.5

6.4

2.6

97.4

5.3

84.7

100.0

2.3

97.7

45.1

47.0

7.9

52.2

44.2

3.6

3.7

86.3

4.6

95.4

100.0

4.7

95.3

44.2

46.2

7.6

47.4

49.0

3.6

1.8

98.2

5.4

94.6

100.0

2.3

97.7

43.6

50.9

5.5

46.7

49.7

1.6

3.4

96.6

5.0

95.0

100.0

2.8

97.2

45.7

48.3

6.0

50.8

46.7

2.5

2.4

97.6

4.3

95.7

100.0

2.8

97.2

47.9

46.1

6.0

54.4

43.9

1.7

2.0

98.0

2.7

97.3

‘ Includes the mean of the distribution, 55 percent for boys and 60 percent for girls.

25
Table 3. Percent and standard error of percent of youths 12-17 years of age who agreed with oarents or with randomlv-selacted adults

other than own parents on 36 itams of health information and the av;rage per;ent for all youths with all adults, by selected items

of information and sex: U.S. 1966-70

Selected item of information

All items of health information (36) , , , .

Allowance, yes/no . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allowance, who decides . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health problem, yes/no . . , . . . . . . . . . . ,

Relative weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount eaten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clothes, who decides . . , . . , . . . . . . . . .

Money, whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friends, who decides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hours, whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness, degreeof . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Urgency in seeing doctor for

Blood in urine or bowel movement . . . . . . .

Lump instomach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pain in chest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiff neck or back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurting all over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lossofappetite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtiredness . ., .,,....,. . . . . . . .

Sorethroat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stomach ache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Importance to young persons of

Consideration of others . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dependability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedience of law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedience to parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calmness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knowing how to stay healthy . . . . . . . . . .

Neatness and cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Happiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ambition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selfdefense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Present health status .,...... . . . . . . .

Aspirations regarding education . . . . . . . .

Expectations concerning education . . . . . .

Number of

response

options

2-5

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

5

5

Percent of

agreement,

each youth

With

parent

57.5

83.5

96.1

60.9

79.9

77.2

60.3

54.5

46.6

61.0

49.8

72.2

69.0

49.9

37.7

48.s3

40,6

40.9

40.5

44.8

47.2

49.7

64.5

55.6

57.6

65,2

59.0

55.8

51.8

57.0

61.2

51.9

50.7

52.0

54.7

50.9

54.6

With

adult,

not

parent2

47.3

49.1

96.3

77,9

56.7

62.1

39.5

38.9

32.3

49.4

43.8

70.8

67.0

44.6

30.7

39.1

33.2

33.8

35.1

35.8

37.7

42.1

57.4

47.7

51.5

60.7

52.1

50.6

46.3

51.1

52.9

47.0

43.5

44.0

30.7

25.0

25.8

Standard error

of percent

of agreement

With

parent

0.16

0.58

0.42

0.50

0.75

0.53

0.76

0.72

0.70

0.73

0.55

0,68

0.74

0.65

0.57

0.75

0.74

0.74

0.66

0.60

0.71

1.11

1.03

0.51

0.71

0.79

0.70

0.66

0.73

0.67

0.58

0.40

0.73

0,59

0.82

0.82

0.92

With

adult,

not

parent

0.13

0.74

0.34

0.62

0.64

0.62

0.66

0.51

0.62

0.63

0.55

0.78

0.68

0.65

0.61

0.69

0.65

0.70

0.69

0.57

0.56

0.96

0.75

0.84

0.85

0.89

0.64

0.58

0.64

0.57

0.71

0,62

0.70

0.72

0.71

0.57

0.69

Averaga percent of

agreement, alI youths

with all adultsl

(“Expected values”)

Total

47.3

50.0

96.3

78.1

56.8

63.0

38.7

38.5

32.3

49.0

43.8

70.8

67,0

44.8

30.9

38.3

33.8

34.3

34.5

36.0

38.7

42.7

54.2

48.0

51.2

61.1

52.0

50.5

46,2

51.7

52.8

46.4

43.6

44.6

30.7

26.5

26.3

Boys

46.8

50.2

95.7

78.2

60.4

67.4

36.0

37.8

32.7

48.1

43.7

71.9

63.5

42.1

28.7

37.4

32.7

33.7

34.0

35.1

38.7

41,6

57.3

46.7

50.9

60.0

50.8

50.1

45.5

50.7

49.7

45.2

43,2

43.8

30.9

25.4

24.9

Girls

48.2

50.0

96.5

78.1

54.2

58.9

42.0

39,1

32.9

50.0

44.0

69.7

70.4

47.5

32.0

39.3

34.8

34.8

35.0

36.9

38.8

43.7

59.0

49.6

51.6

62.1

53.3

50.9

46.9

52.9

57.5

48.1

44.1

45.3

30.6

28.1

28.1

1Represents the mean of all possible combinations of pairings (about 6,600!) of the youths and the adults includad in the survey

calculated from the distributions by response options.

2Based on one of the slightly lessthan 6,600! possible combinations of pairings of each youth with an adult in the survey other than

his parent.

26
Table 4. Proportions of youths 12-17 years of age reported by parents as having certain general health characteristics, according to sex,

with corresponding standard errors: United States, 1B66-70

Health characteristic

Total,12-17 years of age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health status of youth

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youthswith healthproblems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notnervous atall . . . .

Somawhet nervous . . .

Very nervous. . . . . . .

About lightweight . . .

Underweight, . . . . . .

Overweight . . . . . . .

Aboutrightamount . .

Too little . . . . . . . . .

Toomuch . . . . . . . .

Degrae of nervousness

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Relative weight

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Relative amount eetan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All II Boys youths I

Girls

Percent distribution

1Sxl.o

33.0

33.9

29.5

3.3

0.3

14.6

49.8

48.3

4.0

80,3

7.2

12.5

81.5

6.6

11.9

100.0

34.4

34.4

27.7

3.2

0.3

14.6

51.1

44.8

4.1

82.8

8.7

8.5

83.7

5.6

10.7

100.0

31.5

33.4

31.3

3.4

0.4

14.5

48.4

47.8

3.B

77.7

5.8

16.5

79.3

7.5

13.2

All

II

Boys

I

Girls youths

. . .

0.84

0.81

1.17

0.22

O.CK

0.55

0.98

0.91

0.20

0.40

0.32

0.38

0.56

0,28

0.57

Standard error

. . .

1.02

0.95

1.32

0.31

0.05

0.72

1.05

1.08

0.25

0.72

0.43

0.54

0.91

0,34

0.75

. . .

1.18

1.08

1.34

0.30

0.11

0.66

1.37

1.26

0.36

0.6!5

0.45

0.80

0.71

0.54

0.71

27
Table5. Percant dbtributicJn$of v~ths 12-?7y=r$Ofage bY=lwtd @nemlhealth cham@eriHics, a-rdingtodegea of@ngruenm with parents inreWnws

toquasions onhwlth attittiesand behavior andacrnrdingto =x: Unitad States,19M-70

Health characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age. . . . . . . .

Haelth etatus

Self-rapormd:

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fai t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

P.Mr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Raported by parents:

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has health problem:

Self-reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reportedbyparent. . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness

self-reported:

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Swnatimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percent of agreement on responses

Boys Girls

o-43 44-51 52-571 58-83 64=9 70-100 (M3 44-51 52-57 5s-S31 64-89 70-1 cm

Percent distribution

00.0

21.4

33.2

38.8

6.3

0.3

26.3

34.2

34.5

4.7

0.3

14.8

19.0

27.1

28.0

35.0

9.9

49.1

42.6

6.3

100.0

23.0

33.3

39.7

3.5

0.5

30.5

36.3

28.3

3.2

0.7

8.9

32.7

20.1

38.1

34.5

7.3

52.7

43.7

3.6

100.0

Reported by perent:

Notnervousatall . . . . . . . . . . . .

%rnewhatnervous . . . . . . . . . . .

Verynerw.ms . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ll”ciude~ the mea” of the distribution, 55 parcant for boys and 60 Per=nt fOr 9irls.

28.3

31.0

36.8

2.5

0.4

31.8

37.4

27.6

2.9

0.3

11.8

13.2

24.0

40.4

31.3

4.3

49.6

46.9

3.5

1CKLo

30.6

37.0

28.4

3.2

0.8

38.4

33.6

23.7

4.0

0.3

9.3

14.4

23.9

38.0

33.7

6.4

48.7

47.4

3.9

100.0

32.9

34.7

29.7

2.7

41.9

31.5

25.0

1.6

7.0

11.2

21.1

41.5

33.8

3.6

z::

1.2

1Ixl.o

41.7

32.2

24.7

1.2

0.2

44.3

31.5

22.0

2.2

—

5.9

8.2

27.0

41.5

26.6

4.6

52.1

45.0

2.9

100.0

19.6

28.8

42.4

8.4

0.8

25.5

31.8

36.6

5.0

1.1

12.7

21.4

19.3

27.0

38.2

15.5

47.4

45.9

6.7

100.0

22.9

28.5

41.5

7.1

25.8

33.8

35.6

4.5

0.3

11.3

18.5

17.2

34.9

37.8

10.1

51.8

43.6

4.6

1IxJ.o

24.1

33.3

37.7

4.3

0.6

32.3

36.5

27.0

3.7

0.5

11.2

13.3

15.8

35.9

40.6

7.5

51.2

44.7

4.1

100.0

25.2

35.4

34.6

4.3

0.5

33.8

33.4

28.4

4.4

10.3

15.5

16.3

32.4

39.2

12.1

48.9

50.0

3.1

100.0

24.9

37.4

34.5

3.1

0,1

32.S

34.6

30.4

1.7

0.5

9.7

12.0

14.3

39.8

39.5

6.4

45.2

51.8

3.0

100.0

27.6

32.7

3&6

3.7

0.4

35.6

30.9

31.1

2.2

0.2

9,0

9.8

16.4

36.6

40.0

5.0

48.6

48,7

2.7

28
Table6. Percent distribution of paired ratingson general health status of theyouths bycategory ofagreement ktweenyouthsl2-l7

years of age and Wrentsr according toselectd demographic characteristics and sex of youth, andstandard error ofpercent by sex:

United States, 1968-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Aoe

12years . . . . . .. m. . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 yearso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast. ,, . .,, ..,.... . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . .,, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of rasidence

Urbanized areasl. ,, . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveavaragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family incoma

Lessthan $3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000.9,998 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmora . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . , .

lPopulation of25,000 ormore

All youths

Youth’s Sama Parant’s

rating rating rating

better better

16.9

15.5

16.9

15.9

19.2

15.5

18.9

16.3

21.4

11.2

15.6

15.6

18.3

18.3

16.5

17.3

17.6

16.8

15.9

17.4

19.6

17.8

18.4

15.9

14.9

15.6

0.60

54.7

55.8

56.1

53.2

54.7

55.5

52.8

55.5

49.5

63.5

55.5

55.4

54.0

54.0

55.5

54.0

54.7

54.8

55.7

53.8

52.8

57.0

52.9

53,7

58.0

54.7

28.3

28.7

27.0

30.8

26.1

28.0

28.3

28.2

28.1

25.3

28.9

29.0

27.#

27.7

28.0

28.7

27.7

28.4

28.4

28.8

27.5

25.2

28.7

30.5

27.1

28.7

Boys

m

Percent distribution

19.3

16.4

19.1

17.7

20.6

20.0

22.9

18.5

25.8

8.3

17.3

17.6

21.9

20.7

19.4

19.3

20.5

20.3

17.2

19,0

25.8

21.8

22.4

16.2

16,8

16.2

51.5

51.5

53.2

49.2

53.0

52.5

49.7

52.8

42.2

71.4

51.9

54.3

51.4

48.3

51.2

51.8

51.7

48.4

53.8

52.2

45,3

51.3

51.3

53.3

54.2

52.1

28,1

32.1

27.6

33.1

26.4

27.6

27.4

28.7

32.0

20.3

30.8

28.1

26.8

31.0

28.3

28.9

27.8

31.3

28.5

28.8

28.9

26.9

26.4

30.5

29.0

31.7

Girls

m

14,5

14.6

14.6

14.1

17.7

10.9

14.8

14.0

17.2

14.8

13.9

13.6

14.6

15.8

13.6

15.3

14.9

13.0

14.3

15.6

14.2

13.7

14.6

15.5

13.1

14.9

58.0

60.3

59.1

57.4

56.4

58.6

55.9

58.2

56.6

53.9

59.2

56.5

56.7

59.8

59.7

56.2

57.5

61.6

57.5

55.6

59.5

62.8

54.4

54.1

61.5

57.7

Standard error of percent

0.82 I 0.69 II 0.72 I

1.11 I 0.95 ~ 0.76 I1.10

27.5

25.1

26.3

28.5

25.9

30.5

28.3

27.7

26.2

31.3

27.0

29,9

28.6

24.4

26.6

28,5

27.7

25.4

28.2

28.7

26.3

23.5

31.0

30,4

25.4

27.4

0.84

29
Table7. Percent distribution ofpaired responses regarding presence ofhealth problems intheyouth bycategoW ofagreementhtwen

youths 12-17 yaars of age and perents, according toseiected demographic characteristics and sex of youth, andstandard error of

percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years ofaga. . . . . . . .

Age —

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years. ,,. m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West ., .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizedareasl . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagagain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegein . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000, ...,.... . . . . .

$3,0004,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,9s9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore .,, . . . . . . . ,..,

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

1

Population of25,000 ormore

11.7

10.3

11.4

12.6

12.8

10.0

13,2

11.4

14.0

8.5

10.0

10.6

14.9

11.5

11.4

12.0

12.4

10.6

12.0

11.8

16.3

14.1

11.0

11.4

8.4

10,2

80.9

84.7

82.7

79.0

78,6

82.1

77.4

81.6

76.1

74.4

83.1

81.0

79.1

60.4

80.8

80.9

81.3

82.0

81.5

78.8

77.6

79.3

81.3

60,5

83.8

82.1

7.4

5.1

:::

8.5

7.9

9.3

7.0

9.9

17.1

6.9

8.4

6.0

8.1

7.8

7.1

6.3

7.4

6.4

9.4

6.1

6.6

7.6

8.0

7.8

7.7

Percent distribution

12.0

8.6

11.5

13,1

13.9

10.0

14.9

11.8

13.1

15.6

10.7

11.4

13.6

12.2

12.1

11.8

12.4

11.1

12,6

11.9

17.4

13.1

11.8

11.2

8.0

12.1

80.6

85.1

82.5

79.5

77.2

82.0

76.7

81.3

76.2

74.6

83.4

79.8

80.0

79.7

80.7

80.5

81.0

81.8

81.1

78.9

75.4

79.0

81.2

81.5

85.0

79.6

7.4

6.2

5.9

7.4

8.9

7.9

8.3

6.9

10.7

9.8

5.9

8.8

6.4

8.1

7.2

7.6

6.6

7.1

6.3

9.2

7.2

7.6

7.1

:::

8.3

11.5

11.9

11.4

12,2

11.8

9.9

11.5

11.0

14.8

9.3

9.9

16.3

10.7

10.7

12.2

12.5

10,1

11,5

11.7

15.3

15.0

10.3

11.7

8.8

8.1

Girls

Same

rating

81.1

84.2

83.0

78.6

80.1

82.3

78.2

81.9

76.0

74.1

82.8

82.2

78.1

81.2

80.9

81.3

81.6

82.3

82.0

78.6

79.5

79.6

81.5

79.3

82.6

64.9

Parent’s

rating

better

7.4

3.9

::;

8.1

7.8

10.3

7.1

9.1

25.9

7.9

7.9

5.7

8.1

8,3

6.5

5.9

7.6

6.5

9.7

5.2

5.3

6.2

9.0

8.6

7.0

Standard error of percent

0.43 1

0,50 I 0.37 II 0.59 I

0.62 ] 0.54 I 0.62 1

0.72 I 0.50

30
Table8. Percent distribution of paired responses regarding degree of nervousness in the youth by category of agreement between

youths 12-17 years of age and ~rents, according toselected demographic characteristics and sex of youth, andstandard error of

percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Age —

12yearso . ..o . . .. o....... . . .

13years . . . .. m. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years. . .,, ., ..,..,.., . . . .

17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .

black, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast, , . .,, ..,..... . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanized areasl . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otheraraas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8elowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan $3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,0004,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000r more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 1247yearsofage. . . . . . . .

All youths II 80YS I Girls

Youth’s Parent’s

Same Youth’s Parent’s Youth’s

Same Same

Parent’s

rating rating rating rating

rating rating rating

better better better rating better better rating better

Percent distribution

9.0

13.8

11.5

8.0

8.2

6.3

5.7

8.2

14,4

16.7

9.6

7.6

10.4

8.9

9.7

8.3

9.7

7.8

10.2

8.5

12.8

11.3

9.1

8.0

7.5

5.7

49.8

~

51.6

52.3

50.5

49.7

48.4

45,6

49.3

53.2

52.2

49,2

50.1

49.5

50.2

50.0

49.6

51.2

49.8

49.7

48.7

52.8

51.4

52.8

47.9

48.5

47.4

41.2

34.6

36.1

41.5

42.0

45.3

48.7

42.6

32.4

31.1

41.2

42.3

40.1

40.8

40.3

42.0

39.1

42.4

40.1

42.9

34.4

37.3

38.0

44.1

44.0

46.9

10.8

17.4

12.6

9.3

9.7

7.4

7.8

10.0

15.8

24.4

12.5

9.2

10.5

11.5

12.0

9.7

11.3

10.1

12.1

10.1

14.0

12.7

10.9

9.5

10.5

6.3

49.4

48.2

52.8

50.4

49.1

49.6

45.7

49.2

51.1

31.1

47.2

52.4

50.1

47.1

48.9

49.8

48.9

49.6

47.8

50.8

50.0

49.4

50.2

49,5

50.2

46.3

39.8

34.4

34.5

40.4

41.1

43.0

46.5

40.8

33.1

44.5

40.3

38.4

39.4

41.3

39.1

40.5

39.8

40.3

40.1

39.1

35.9

37.9

38.9

41.0

39.3

47.4

7.2

10.1

10.4

6.6

6.7

5.2

3.5

6.3

13.1

6.8

:::

10.2

6.3

7.5

6.9

8.3

5.4

8.5

6.6

11.7

9.7

7.4

6.2

4.8

5.0

50.2

55.1

51.8

50.6

50.3

47.1

45.6

49.3

55.2

79.2

51.2

47.7

48.9

53.4

51.0

49.4

53.2

50.0

51.5

46.2

55.2

53.6

55.3

46.1

46.9

48.6

42.6

34.8

37.8

42.8

42.9

47.7

50.9

44.4

31.7

13.9

42.2

46.2

40.9

40.3

41.5

43.7

38.5

44.6

40.0

47.2

33.1

36.7

37.3

47.7

48.4

46.4

Standard error of percent

0.36 I0.55 I 0.76 II 0.48 0.73 0.79 0.50 I

1.22 ~ 1.31

1

Population of 25,000 or more

31
Table9. Percent distribution of paired responses regarding weight of theyouth bycategory ofagreament betweanyouthsl2-l7 years

of age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics and sex of youth, and standard error of percent by sex:

United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age. . . . . . . .

—Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,

14years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dithe r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..,,

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Waft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizedareasl . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegein . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . ..o... . . . . .

Aboveaveragegein . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,988. . .’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Totai,12-17yearsofaga. . . . . . . .

Youth’s

estimate

lower

All youths II Boys IGirls

9.4

9.2

8.0

8.0

9.3

9.6

12.2

8.5

15.1

6.9

8.9

9.4

9.8

9.3

10,2

8.5

7.5

11.1

8.8

10.0

13.6

9.8

9.0

8.0

8.4

9.1

same Parent’s

asti- estimate mate

Iowar

79.9

82.0

81,8

83.0

78.5

79.1

74.2

80.3

77.1

78.2

79.8

80.0

81.0

78.8

79,4

80.4

82.6

77.8

81.2

78.2

74.9

82.5

80.1

80.9

80.7

78.8

10.8

8.7

10.2

9.1

12.2

11.2

13.6

11.2

7.8

14.8

11.3

10.6

9.2

12.0

10.4

11.1

9.9

11.2

10.1

11.8

11.5

7.7

10.9

11.0

10.9

12.0

Youth’s Same estimate

estiIower mate

Parent’s

estimata

lower

Percent distribution

12.9

12.1

9.4

10.9

13.6

14.8

17.1

12.1

lB.5

5.3

12.6

13.7

12.8

12.3

14,1

11.7

10,3

14.6

12.8

13.5

18.0

12.7

12.8

10.4

13.8

13.1

79.5

82.1

82.6

82.7

77.4

77.8

74.2

80.1

76.2

72.5

79.1

80.0

81.3

78.0

78.5

80.6

81.4

77.6

81.1

78.6

73.0

81.7

78.1

81.9

80.4

79.7

7.5

5.8

8.1

6.5

9.0

7.4

8.8

7.8

5.3

22.2

8.3

6.3

6.0

9.7

7.4

7,7

8.3

7.8

6.1

7.9

9.0

5.5

9.0

7.7

5.8

7.2

Youth’s

estimate

lower

5.8

6.2

6.7

5.1

5.0

4,3

7.4

4.8

11.6

8.9

5.2

5.0

6.8

6.2

6.3

5.2

5.0

7.3

4.9

6.0

9.8

6.8

5.3

5.2

3.3

4.7

L

Same Parent’s

esti- estimate mate

lower

80.2

82.0

81.0

83.3

79.6

80,5

74.2

80.5

78.1

85.2

80.4

80.0

80.8

79.6

80.3

80.1

83.7

77.9

81.2

77.8

76.6

83.2

81.9

79.9

80.9

77.9

Standard error of percent

0.50 I

0.7.5 I 0.37 II 0.78 I

0.93 I 0.43 I 0.44 1

1.04

14.1

11.8

12.4

11.7

15.5

15.2

18.4

14.7

10.3

6.0

14.4

14.9

12.5

14.2

13.4

14.7

11.3

14.7

13.9

16.2

13.6

10.0

12.7

14.9

15.7

17.4

0.82

lPopulation of 25,000 or more

32
Tabla 10. Percent distribution of pairad responses concerning amount of fwdeaten bythevouth by=tegow ofagreement between vouths 12-17 vears of age

andparents, according toselectd demqraphic characteristics andsexof youth, andstandard error of percent by sax: United States, 1968-70

11 I

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12.17 years ofege . . . . . . .

Age

.

12 years .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years. ,,, ,, ., .,, ,, . . . . . .

14 yews, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years. ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years. ., ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaars. ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othe r, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest .,, . ...,...,, . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West. .,, ,,, ...,,..., . . . . .

Tvpe of place of residence

Urbanlzedareasl . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otheraraas, ..,...,.,,,, ,..,

Rate of population change

Loss, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveavaragegain . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000.4.999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,00Q-6,889, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,889 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000- 14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rm0re . . . . . . . . . . . .,

All youths Boys Girls

Youth’s Same Parant’s Youth’s Same Parent’s Youth ‘s Same Parent’s

estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate astimate estimate estimate

lower lower lower lower lower lower

Percent distribution

8.3

8.7

7.1

B.1

9.6

7.8

6.6

7.6

12.9

5.8

9.0

8.4

7.6

8.1

9.5

7.2

7.2

8.5

H

11.3

9.2

9.4

8.8

7.0

7.5

77.2

78.0

78.6

78.1

78.7

76.8

74.6

78.0

71.8

B2.7

77.8

77.5

77.2

76.3

75.9

78.5

79.4

76.6

77.2

75.B

73.2

77.9

77.4

78.0

79.2

76.6

14.5

13.4

14.2

13.8

13.7

15.4

16.6

14.5

15.3

11.5

13.1

14.1

15.1

15.6

14.6

14.4

13.4

14.9

13.9

15.5

15.5

12.9

13.2

15.1

13.8

15,9

Total, 12-17 years of age. , . . . . . I

0.38 I0.53 I

0.44 u

lpopulation of 25,000 or mOre

9.5

9.3

B.3

9.0

10.9

10.6

9.0

8.9

13.B

3.2

10.1

10.0

8.0

9.8

10.B

8.2

8.2

8.9

8.2

11.3

12.9

10.4

10.8

8.1

6.5

7.6

7B.8

79.0

7B.8

80.1

7B.2

79.1

77.3

79.8

71.3

91.5

78.9

7B.3

78.4

79.5

77.6

79.9

79.9

79.2

79.0

77.4

72.6

78.0

78.9

79.4

82.2

79.5

11.7

Standard error of percent

11.8

12.9

10.9

10.8

10.3

13.7

11.3

14.9

5.2

10.9

11.7

13.6

10.7

11.6

11.9

12.0

11.9

11.B

11.4

14.5

11.6

10.4

12.5

9.3

12.9

7.1

8.1

6.0

7.1

8.3

4.9

8.3

6.3

12.1

8.9

7.9

6.B

7.5

8.4

8.1

6.1

6.3

8.0

8.5

5.8

9.9

7.9

8.1

5.3

5.7

7.5

0.47 0.71 0.61 i

75.6

76.9

78.5

76.1

75.1

74.5

71.9

76.1

72.3

72.1

76.7

76.7

75.9

73.1

74.2

76.9

78.9

73.9

75.5

73.9

73.7

77.8

75.9

76.5

76.4

73.4

0.52 I

17.3

15.0

15.6

16.8

16.6

20.6

19.8

17.6

15.6

19.0

15.4

16.5

16.6

20.5

17.7

16.9

14.8

18.2

16.0

20.3

16.3

14.3

15.9

18.2

17.9

19.2

0,65

33
Table Il. Percent distribution of paired responses concerning relative weight of~Outh bycatwory ofagreement titwenyOuths 12-17yars Ofageand P*rants,

according towneral health tiatusassessments and*x, andstsndard error ofpercentby *x: United States, 1986-70

Health characteristic

Total, 12-17 vears of age . . . . . . .

Preeent heelth status of youth

Parent’s assessment:

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very good

Good...:::::::::::::::

Fair

Poor:::::::::::::::::::

Youth’s assessment:

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health problems

Parent’s assessment:

Youths with reported health

problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Those without reported health

problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17 vearsofage. . . . . . .

All youths 80ys Girls

Youth’s

Same Parent’s Youth’s Seine Parent’s Youth’s Ssme Parent’s

estimate

estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate estimate

lower lower eetimate estimate

lower lower lower lower

Percant distribution

9.4

7,7

9.7

10.6

10,3

22.7

7.5

8.5

10.9

14.7

17.5

10.6

9.1

79.9

81.3

79.3

79.7

75.4

51.7

83.3

80.8

78.0

65.6

78.9

77.5

80,3

10.8

11.0

11.0

9.7

14.3

25.6

9.2

10.6

11.1

19.6

3.6

11.8

10.6

12.9

10.7

14.0

14,4

11.7

17.8

10.6

11.5

15.3

20.9

18.5

15.3

12.5

0.50 I &zll79.6

82.1

78.8

77.9

77.3

43.7

84.0

61.0

76.4

59.0

81.5

75.7

80.2

7.5

7.2

7.2

7.7

11.0

38.5

5.4

7.5

8.3

20.1

9.0

7.3

Standard error of percent

5.8

4.3

5.3

7.2

8.9

26.2

3.7

::;

10.3

16.1

5.9

5.6

0.78 0.93 I

0.43 I

60.2

80.4

79.7

81.4

73.6

57.7

82.6

80.6

79.5

70.5

75.8

79.4

80.3

!z?L1-_

14.1

15,3

16.0

11.4

17.5

16.0

13.8

13.9

13.8

19.3

8.0

14.8

13.9

1.04I 0.82

34
Tabla 12. Percent distribution and standard error of percent of youths 12-17 years of age by nature of parent’s stated decision to

consult adoctor forspecified symptoms, according to sex: United States, 1966-70

Symptom or condition

Blood inurine or bowel movement . . . .

Lump in stomach or abdomen ., . . . . .

Pain in chest..,,...,,.,.,.. . .

Stiff neck or beck . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurting all over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lossofappetite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtirednass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sorethroat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting .,. ., . . . . . . . . . ..o. m

Stomach ache, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Blood inurine or bowel movement . . . .

Lumpinstomach orabdoman. . . . , . .

Pain in chest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiff nack or back . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurting allovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lossofappetita ...,,....,,.. ,.

Ovartirednass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sorethroat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting ..,.,..........,., ,

Stomach ache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headache, ...,.......,..,.. .

All youths !Boys Girls

I 1 1 I I I I I

Defi- Prob- Would

Defi- Prob- Would Defi- Probnitely ably nitely ably nitel y

Would

not

ably

would would not would would would would not

saa see

see

see sea

sae

sae see

see

doctor doctor doctor doctor doctor doctor doctor doctor doctor

93.5

90.5

67.1

50.4

46.6

32.2

28.7

28.2

22.3

18.2

13.8

7,7

0.42

0.46

1.O1

1.01

0.99

1.03

0.97

0.89

0.67

0.76

0.93

0.56

;:;

26.7

32.0

35.9

46.5

42.3

37.7

46.9

38.5

41.7

27.3

0.35

0.42

0.85

0.90

0.51

1.13

0.73

1.04

0.97

0.58

0.73

0.96

0.7

0.8

6.1

17.7

15.4

21.3

26.0

34.1

30.8

43.4

44.5

64.9

0.13

0.11

0.55

0.65

0.98

0.98

0.96

098

0.97

1.08

1.22

1.10

Percent distribution

94.0

80.8

67.4

50.6

48.1

32.8

26.4

26.6

23.2

18.7

14.4

8.1

R

27.1

31.7

36.3

46.7

42.8

37.3

46.1

38.7

42.5

28.7

0.6

0.7

5.5

17.8

15.6

20.5

27.8

33.1

30.7

42.6

43.1

63.1

Standard error or percent

0.41

0.48

1.10

1.08

1.49

1.21

1.20

1.12

1.12

1.27

1.28

0.68

0.32

0.46

0.98

0.83

0.88

1.49

0.92

1.29

1.11

0.82

1.04

1.16

0.17

0.18

0.70

0.79

1.23

1.00

0.97

1.07

1.02

1.49

1.46

1.33

93.0

90.2

66.9

50.2

49.1

31.6

27.9

26.8

21.3

17.7

13.2

7.4

0.68

0.71

1.24

1.47

0.96

1.52

1.09

1.08

0.87

0.65

0.94

0.68

6,2

8.9

26.4

32.3

35.6

46.3

42.0

38.1

47.7

38.3

40.9

25.8

0.67

0.69

0.94

1.27

0.98

1.26

0.92

1.26

1.12

0.79

0.97

0.88

0.9

0.9

6.7

17.5

15.2

22.1

30.1

35.1

31.0

44.1

46.0

66.7

0.17

0.13

0.58

0.83

1.14

1.17

1.20

1.19

1.23

1.00

1.35

1.12

35
Table 13. Percent distributions of paired res~n*s regarding decision toseeadoctor for blood inurine or bowel movement, lump in

stomach, or pain in chest of youth bycategory ofagreement between youths 12-17 yIwsof ageandparents, according to selected

demographic chara@eristics, andstandard error ofpercent bysex: United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of a9e . . . . . . . .

—Sex

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yearso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residance

Urbanizedareas’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss ..,,....,,..,,,,.. . . . .

Balowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,999, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000r more...,,...,.. . . . .

Total, 12.17yearsofage, , . . . . , .

Boys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Population of 25,000 or more

Blood in urine or I

Lumpinstomach

bowel movement or abdomen

(outh’s Same Parent’s Youth’s same Parent’s

:oncern concern concern concern concern :r:::

greater greater greater

4.3

4.2

4.4

3.2

3.3

3.7

4.5

4.8

6,5

3.8

7.3

10.1

3.4

3.4

6.3

4,1

3.9

4.6

5.2

4.7

4.5

2.9

8.4

5.1

4.1

3.1

3.1

2.1

72.2

72.9

71.6

64.2

70,1

71.7

74.4

76.3

77.9

72.7

68.5

77.0

74.9

70.9

69.3

74.0

73.3

71.2

73.6

70.1

72.6

72.6

6B.5

68.9

71.3

75.4

72.5

76.1

23.5

23.0

24.1

32.7

26.7

24.6

21.1

18,9

15.6

23.5

24.1

12.9

21.6

25.7

24.4

21.9

22.8

24.2

21.2

25.2

23.0

24.5

23.1

26.0

24.5

21.5

24.4

21.8

Percent distribution

6.0

5.8

6.2

4.4

5.7

5.6

6.2

6.5

7.7

5.8

K

5.1

5.0

7.2

6.7

6.0

5.9

6.2

6.1

6.1

5.5

9.0

6.5

6.2

5.7

5.0

3.2

69.0

64.8

73.3

67.4

65.8

67.0

69.7

72.7

71.9

69.0

68.5

83.3

72.0

69.3

67.4

67.6

69.3

68.6

69.3

69.5

68.6

68.6

66.2

67.6

66.8

70.4

72.2

70.1

25.0

29.4

20.6

28.2

28.5

27.3

24.1

20.8

20.4

25.2

24.3

10.0

22.9

25.7

25.4

25.7

24.6

25.4

24.4

24.4

25.3

25.9

24.7

25.9

27.0

23.9

22.9

26.7

Pain in chest

1 1

16.3

14.3

18.3

13.9

16.9

16,0

15.3

18.8

17.1

16,3

16.5

8.4

14.8

15.8

16.6

17.8

16.0

16,6

18.4

15,6

15.7

15,6

19.9

16,8

15,6

13.8

16.0

17.4

49.9

46.5

53.3

49.8

48.0

48.3

50.8

50.2

52.5

49.3

53.1

60.2

50.8

47.3

51.5

50.4

49.B

49.9

50.7

50.9

50.9

47.3

51.4

51.3

49.3

52.3

4B.4

46.1

33.4

39.1

28.4

36.3

35.1

35.7

33.9

31.0

30.4

34.4

30.4

31.4

34.4

36.9

31.9

31.8

34.2

33.5

30.B

33.5

33.4

37.1

28.7

31,9

35.0

34.0

35.5

36.4

Standard error of percent

0.34 I 0.68 I 0.63 0.28 0.74 0,69 0,62 0.65 0.73

0.35 0.94 0.94 0.40 1.02 0.97 0.76 0.61 0.84

0.47 1.10 0.97 0.36 0.82 0.81 0.86 1.26 0.94

36
Table 14. Percent distributions of paired responses regarding decision toseeadoctor forstiff neck, humingall over, ornervousnessin

the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years ofageand parents, according toselected demographic charatieristics, andstandard error of percent by sex: United States, 1968-70

Stiff neck or back IHurting all over I Nervousness

Demographic characteristic youth ‘S Same Parent’s Youth’s Same

concern

concern

concern concarn

greater

concern

greater greater I

Parent’s Youth’s

concern concarn

graater greater

same

concern

Parent’s

concern

graater

Percent distribution

Total, 12.17 years of age . . . . . . . .

—Sex

Boys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, .,,..,,,.,.......,.. .

—Age

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 yearso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . ..o... . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mideast .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizadareas’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,0004,999. !...!....,.,,. . .

$5,000-6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$lo,mo-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0J300rmore . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14.6 37.7 47.7 24.5 48.0 27.5 14.6 40.6 44.8

13.8

15,5

16.4

15.4

14,3

14.3

13.3

13.8

13.6

20.7

23.4

14.0

13.3

15.7

15.6

14.4

14.8

14.4

15.1

14.4

14.6

20.3

15.5

15.5

12.8

11.8

12.2

35.4

40.1

40.4

37.3

38.8

37.1

36.9

35.5

37.1

41.3

45.4

38.0

36.6

39.3

37.3

38.3

37.1

38.7

36.4

40.9

35.3

40.9

39.0

37.8

37.9

37.1

34.2

50.8

44.4

43.3

47.3

46.9

48.7

49.8

50.7

49.2

38.0

31.2

48.0

50.0

45.0

47.2

47.3

48.0

47.0

48.5

44.7

50.1

38.8

45.5

46.7

49.3

51.1

53.6

24.1

25.0

25.4

27.4

23.1

24.7

22.6

23.9

24.7

23.1

36.8

21.6

27,5

21.7

26.4

23.5

25.6

24.5

24.3

24.1

25.2

25.0

21.4

25.5

23.1

23.2

28,6

45.8

50.3

50.7

48.2

49.0

46.3

46.6

46.7

47.0

54.7

47.8

49.8

43.4

53.4

46.7

47.1

48.9

50.5

47.9

48.9

45.2

51.1

53.7

45.9

48.9

47.1

40.0

30.1

24.7

23.9

24.4

27.9

29.0

30.8

28.4

28.3

22.1

15.4

28.7

39.1

24.9

26.9

28.4

25.5

25.1

27.8

27.0

28.6

23.9

24.9

28.5

28.0

29.8

30.4

14.5

14.6

16.5

15.3

12.5

15.6

14.1

13.2

13.8

19.3

15.4

13.7

13.0

16.3

15.5

14.7

14.4

15.6

13.6

14.6

14.5

19.9

15.6

14.5

15.1

11.5

10.8

38.7

42.6

39.4

39.7

40.1

40.3

41.6

42.7

40.9

38.7

36.8

40.1

40.4

39.7

42.1

39.5

41.7

42.0

41.8

39.3

39.5

40.6

41.3

41.2

39.3

39.9

43.7

46.8

42.8

44.1

45.0

47.4

44.0

44.3

44.1

45.2

42.0

47.8

46.2

46.6

44.0

42.4

45.9

43.8

42.4

44.7

46.1

46.0

39.4

43.1

44.3

45.6

48.6

45.5

Stan& lrd erroro If .oercent

0.42 0.57 0.66 0.84 0.75 0.78 0.47 0.74 0.73

0.58 0.64 0.72 1.05 1.19 1.11 0.67 1417 0,95

0.65 1,06 1.17 1.09 0.98 0.91 0.77 . 0.94 0.91

Total, 12-17yearsofage. . . . , . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

Population of 25,000 or more

37
Table 15. Percent distributions of paired res~nses reWrding decision toseeadoctor forloss ofappetite, ovetiirtin=s, orsore throat

intheyouth bycategory ofagreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected demographic characteristics, and standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

—Sex

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

&e

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizedareasl . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegein . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,0004,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Loss of appetite Overtiredness Sore throat

fouth’s Same Parent’s Youth’s

Same

Parent’s Youth’s Same Parent’s

:oncern concern

concern

concern concern concern concern

greater greater greater concern greater greater concern greater

22.0

21.4

22.6

24.7

24.7

21.0

21.4

18,1

21.5

21.8

22.5

35.4

20.5

22.3

22.5

22.5

21.6

22,4

23.7

21.4

21.0

21.8

27.9

23.0

21.6

21.3

18.6

22.6

40.9

38.9

42.9

39.2

40.6

43.4

39.3

42.3

40.3

41.2

38.8

28.3

42.4

39.4

39.1

42.8

40.4

41.3

39.8

41.7

41.4

40.5

37.2

40.9

41.2

40.9

40.6

43,0

37.2

39.7

34.6

36.1

34.7

35.6

39.2

39.6

38.2

36.9

38.7

36.3

37.1

38.4

38.4

34.7

38.0

36.3

36.4

36.9

37.6

37.7

34,9

36.1

37.3

37.8

40.9

34.4

Percent distribution

19!3

17.4

21.2

19.5

m.5

17.1

20.2

19.0

19.5

18.6

23.6

lB.5

20,7

18.6

18.3

19.7

19.6

18.9

18.1

20.1

20,1

18.8

24.2

19.0

20.4

18.3

16.5

18.2

40.5

38.2

42.9

38.9

37.1

42.3

40.4

41.3

43.6

41.7

32.3

53.1

41.6

40.2

37.8

42.4

40.5

40.6

40.7

41.3

39.3

40.7

36.3

38.4

40.8

40.3

42.3

45.6

40.2

44.4

35.9

41.7

42.4

40.6

39.4

39.7

36.9

39.7

44.1

28.4

37.7

41.2

43.9

37.8

39.9

40.5

41.2

38.6

40.5

40.5

39.6

42.6

38.8

41.4

41.2

36.2

12,0

11.1

12.9

13.6

12.4

11.2

13.3

10.0

11.1

11,1

17.3

23.7

10.7

11.4

13.9

12.0

12,3

11.7

12.8

11.9

12.2

11.2

15.5

13.6

13,3

11.5

8.9

9.6

44.8

42.6

47,0

45.5

45.1

43.1

42.4

46.0

46.8

45.5

40.4

38.1

44.8

44.8

42.7

46.7

45.2

44.4

44.4

43.1

44.6

46.8

44.3

44.4

43.2

42,7

49.6

42.9

43.2

46.3

40.1

40.9

42,5

45.6

44.3

44.1

42.1

43.4

42.3

38.2

44.5

43.9

43.3

41.3

42,5

43.9

42.8

45,0

43.1

42.1

40.1

42.0

43.5

45,8

41.5

47.5

Standard error of percent

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . . 0.59 0.74 0.64 0.63 0.66 0.74 0.45 0.60 0.73

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.72 0.92 0.79 0.88 0.75 1.03 0.56 0.93 0.98

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.83 0.98 0.93 1.22 1.13 1.08 0.85 1,16 1.10

1Population of 25,000 or more

38
Table 16. Percent distributions of paired responses regarding decision toseeadoctor forvomiting, stomach ache, orheadache in the

youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17years ofageand parents, according toselectad demographic characteristics,

andstandard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

—Sex

Boys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Age

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast. , ...,.,....,.. . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizadareasl ...,.... . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain ,, . . . . . . . . ,. .

Annual family income

Lassthan $3,000

$3,000-4,999. .,:::::::::::: ::

$5,000-6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000.9,999, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmora . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17yearsofage. . . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lPopulation of25,000 ormore

I 1

Vomiting I

Stomach ache I

Headacha

‘outh’s

:oncern

qreater

20.0

19.4

20.6

22.9

22.8

17.6

19.6

16.8

19.9

20.0

20.1

19.8

19.3

18.5

19.6

22.7

20.9

19.1

19.9

20.3

20.5

19.4

20.7

18.6

18.6

20.1

19.9

22.1

Same Parent’s

concern

concarn

greater

47.2

45.5

49.0

44.2

47.0

47.3

47.6

49.3

48.1

48.5

38.4

54.0

46.9

50.7

42.5

47.8

46.6

47.7

46.6

47.4

45.1

49.4

42.2

42.4

46.9

46.9

53.3

48.2

32.8

35.1

30.5

32.8

30.1

35.2

32.8

33.9

32.0

31.5

41,5

26.2

33.8

30.8

37.9

29.5

32.5

33.1

33.5

32.3

34.5

31.2

37.1

38.9

34.5

33.0

26.7

29.8

i

Youth’s Sama

concern

concern

greater

Parent’s

concern

greater

Percent distribution

8.1

7.9

8.3

10.2

10.4

7.1

8.2

6.1

6.0

7.3

12.9

11.1

6.9

7.2

10.0

8.3

7.6

8.5

9.6

8.1

8.6

6.2

13.5

8.7

10.3

6.0

6.7

4.6

49.7

47.3

52.1

48.2

49.3

49.2

48.8

51.2

51.7

51.4

39.3

29.0

48.2

53.5

42.6

53.2

50.6

48.8

46.0

49.4

47.6

55.0

43.2

43.3

46.5

50.0

54.9

57.7

42.2

44.8

39.6

41.6

40.3

43.6

43.0

42.7

42.4

41.3

47.8

60.0

44.9

39.4

47.4

38.4

41.8

42.7

44.3

42.5

43.8

38.8

43.3

47.9

43.2

44.0

38.4

37.6

Youth’s

concern

graater

8.1

7.9

8.2

9.5

9.9

7.1

7.9

6.5

7.5

7.2

14.0

8.9

7.1

6.3

10.3

8.8

7.5

8.6

9.8

7.9

8.1

6.7

12.8

11.8

8.7

7.1

5.3

3.6

Same

concern

, 64.5

82.0

67.1

63.3

62.1

65.6

64.9

66.8

84.5

67.3

46.1

59.7

65.3

69.8

53.6

67.9

88.1

63.0

59.1

65.4

63.2

69.5

53.4

53.6

63.1

66,1

72.5

76.2

Parant’s

concern

greater

27.4

30.1

24.7

27.2

28.0

27.4

27.2

26.7

28.0

25.5

39.9

31.3

27.5

23.9

36.1

23.3

26.4

28.4

31.1

26.6

28.7

23.8

33.9

34.6

28.3

26.8

22.2

20.2

Standard error of percent

0.57 0.71 0.70 0.53 1.11 0.94 0.45 1.03 0.87

0.67 1.16 1.26 0.65 1.22 1.04 0.57 1.31 1.06

0.73 0.88 0.52 0.58 1.34 1.16 0.51 1.03 0.92

39
Table 17. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning decision toseeadmtor for blood inurine or bowel movement, lump in

stomach, or pain in chest of the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to

selected health characteristics: United States, 1966-70

Health characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on health problems

Youths with health problems . . . . . . .

Those without health problems . . . . . .

Youth’s report on health problems

Those reporting health problems . . . . .

Those not reporting health problems . . .

Youth’s report on last visit to

doctor for checkup

Inthe past year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . .

Never madevisit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s report on last visit to

dentist for checkup

Inthe pasty ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . .

Never madevisit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s rating on health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of physical growth

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too slow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Blood in urine or

bowel movement

w

4.3

4.9

4.2

4.2

4.2

3.3

4.2

3.6

9.3

5.1

3.1

3.8

5.6

8.7

4.9

2.8

4.2

5.7

5.8

77.4

4.3

3.4

5.5

72.2

72.3

72.2

76.2

71.8

74.8

70.2

73.0

65.0

69.5

74.8

73.4

68.6

64.5

67.9

75.1

72.0

70.0

66.5

52.5

72.1

75.0

70.8

23.5

22.7

23.6

19.5

24.0

21.9

25.6

23.4

25.7

25.3

22.1

22.8

25.8

26.8

27.3

22.1

23.7

24.3

27.7

30.1

23.6

21.7

23.7

Lump in stomach or

abdomen

Youth ‘S Same Parent’s

concern

concern

concern

greater greater

Percent distribution

6.0

6.6

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.0

5.3

6.1

10.7

7.0

5.0

5.5

6.9

9.9

6.4

5.0

6.1

6.6

7.5

20.2

6.0

4.2

9.1

69.0

67.6

69.2

72.0

68.7

70.6

70.5

70.3

61.2

65.8

70.9

70.6

65.3

62.8

66.1

70.8

68.7

67.9

64.7

54.4

69.1

67.4

67.5

25.0

25.8

24.9

22.1

25.4

24.4

24.1

23.7

28.1

27.2

24.0

23.9

27.8

27.4

27.5

24.1

25.2

25.5

27.8

25.4

24.9

28.4

23.4

Pain in chest

16.3

17.8

16.0

14.7

16.4

16.3

16.5

13.9

18.4

17.0

16.6

15.7

14.3

17.5

16.0

15.5

16.9

16.7

13.8

27.4

16.2

18.4

16.8

49.9

47.8

50.2

49.6

49.9

49.6

49.8

53.6

45.8

50.2

50.3

48.3

51.4

48.0

49.8

50.9

48.1

50.9

48.6

56.8

49.9

46.9

52.8

33.8

34.4

33.7

35.7

33.6

34.2

33.7

32.5

35.9

32,8

33.1

36.0

34.4

34.5

34,2

33.6

35.1

32.4

37.6

15.8

33.9

34.6

30.4

40
Table 17. Percent distributions of paired responses mncerning d=ision toseeadator for blood inurine or bowalmovemant,lumpin

stomach, or pain in chest of the youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to

selected haalth characteristics: United States, 1966-70—Con.

Health characteristic

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A lit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hospital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has been treated bv psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Blood in urine or I

Lumpinstomach or

bowel movement abdomen I

Pain in chest

Youth’s Same Parent’s Youth’s Same Parent’s Youth’s Same Parent’s

concern

concern

concern concern

concern

concern concern

concern

concern

greater greater greater greater greater greater

4.0

4.3

4.3

8.2

1.2

4.4

1.1

4.4

73.2

72.0

70.6

64.5

74.3

72.2

73.2

72.2

22.8

23.7

25.1

27.3

24.5

23.5

25.7

23.3

Percent distribution

!5.7

6.2

5.0

8.3

3.1

6.1

3.7

6.1

70.6

67.3

67.7

61.8

65.9

69.1

65.3

69.3

23.7

26.5

27.4

30.0

31.1

24.8

31.1

24.6

16.3

15.7

16.2

21.8

18.6

16.1

15.3

16.3

51.2

48.6

48.3

40.7

43.1

50.1

43.7

50.4

32.5

35.7

35.5

37.5

38.4

33.7

41.0

33.4

41
Table 18. Percent distributions of paired rasponses concerning decision to see a doctor for stiff neck or beck, hurting all over, or

nervousness in youth by category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of ageandperents, according toselected health characteristits United States 1966-70

Health characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of aga . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on haalth problems

Youths with health problems . . . . . . .

Thosa without haalth problems . . . . . .

Youth’s report on health problems

Those reporting health problems . . . . .

Those not reporting health problems . . .

Youth’s report on last visit to

doctor for checkup

Inthepast year . . . . . . . . . . . . .,,

lor2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . .

Never made visit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s raport on last visit to

dentist for checkup

Inthepast year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morathan2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . .

Never made visit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s rating on health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,

Varygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of physical growth

Ahout right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too slow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiff neck or back

I

Hurting all ovar

I

Nervousness

Youth’s Same Parant’s Youth’s Parent’s Youth’s Same Sama Parent’s

:oncern concarn concarn

concarn

concern concarn

concern

concern

greatar greater graater greater greater concern greater

14.6

16.8

14.2

14.1

14.6

13.1

13.3

14.4

19.9

17,4

12.9

14.3

14.7

19.4

19.5

13.2

14.2

16.8

13.3

14.4

14.5

15.8

16.7

37.7

36.4

37.9

39.7

37.5

37.3

37.5

37.4

38.2

39.4

38.7

37.7

36.4

34.7

36.8

38.2

36.4

38.3

41.8

39.4

37.7

34.5

41.5

47.7

46.8

47.8

46.2

47.9

49.6

49.2

48.3

41.9

43.2

48,4

47.9

48.9

45.9

43.6

48.6

49.4

44.9

44.9

46.2

47,8

49.7

41.8

Percent distribution

24.5

24.3

24.6

24.7

24.6

24.5

22.9

24.9

24.7

26.0

25.0

21.1

24.1

24.2

28.4

25.4

25.2

23.4

19.4

30.2

24.4

23.6

30.3

48.0

48.9

47.9

51.2

47.6

47.5

48.8

46.6

48.8

49.1

47.8

49.3

45.1

49.3

48.6

47.1

46.6

50.3

52.5

36.8

47.8

53.1

46.6

27.5

26.8

27.5

24.0

27.8

28.0

28.2

28.5

26.4

24.9

27.2

29.6

30.8

26.5

23.0

27.5

28.2

26.3

28,1

33.0

27.8

23.3

23.1

14.6

16.0

14.3

14.8

14.6

14.3

13.7

14.0

15.4

16.1

13.9

13.9

14.8

15.5

18.3

12.4

14.8

16.5

16.4

18.6

14.3

14.3

22.1

40.6

39.3

40.9

37.5

40.9

39.9

41.1

42,9

43.8

39.0

41.0

38.5

41.3

41.1

39.9

40.1

41.4

40.4

38.8

47.9

40.7

40.7

39.3

44.8

44.8

44.8

47.7

44.6

45.8

45.3

43.2

40.8

44.8

46.1

47.6

43.9

43.4

41.8 .

47,4

43.8

43.1

44,9

33.5

45.0

45.0

38.7

42
Table 18. Percent distributions of pairad responses concerning decision to see a doctor for stiff neck or back, hurting all over, or

nervousness in youth by category of agreamant between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected haalth charecteristics: United States 1966-70 –Con.

Stiff neck or back Hurting all over Nervousness

Health characteristic Youth’s

Same

Parant’s Youth’s Parant’s Youth’s

Same Same Parent’s

concern concern concern

concern

concern concarn

concern

concern

greater greater greater greater greater concern greater

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A lit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hospital

Yes, , ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has bean treated by psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15.1

13.3

13,2

21.4

17,7

14.5

14.9

14.8

37.9

36.4

40.0

35.7

33.3

37.9

38.5

37.8

47.0

50.3

46.8

42.9

49.0

47.6

46.6

47.4

Percent distribution

24.5 48.8 26.7

23.4 47.9 28.7

26.9 44.5 28.6

26.9 43.0 30.0

24.1 48.1 27.7

24.5 48.0 27.5

14.0

15.2

15.1

16.6

21.2

14.3

16.7

14.4

40.8

39.9

41.8

37.3

41.7

40.6

38.8

40.7

45.2

44.9

43.1

46.1

37.0

45.1

44.5

44.9

43
Table 19. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning decision to see a doctor for Iossof appetite, overtiredness, or sore

throat in youth bycatagory of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselectad health characteristics: United States, 1966-70

Haalth characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age , . . . . . . .

Parent’s raport on haalth problems

Youths with health problems . . . . . . .

Those without health problems . . . , . .

Youth’s report on health problems

Those reporting haalth problems . . . . .

Those not reporting health problams . , .

Youth’s report on last visit to

doctor for chackuD

Inthepast year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2 years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . .

Navermede visit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’tremembar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s report on last visit to

dentist for checkup

Inthepast year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2yearsago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2 years ago . . . . . . . . . . .

Never made visit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s rating on health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of physical growth

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too fast...,.,,,,,,,,.,,. . .

Tooslow . . . . . . .. c..... .,tmc

Lossof appetita I Overtiredness I Sore throat

‘outh’s Same Parent’s Youth’s Same Parent’s Youth’s Same Parent’s

csncern concern concern

concern

concern concern

lreater concern

concern

greater greater greater greater concern greater

22.0

21.2

22.1

20.1

22.2

21.4

20.7

21.8

25.0

23.3

21.6

21.5

19.7

24.1

24.6

21.8

22.7

22.0

17.6

21.9

21.6

25.0

27.9

40.9

41.2

40.8

41.6

40.8

40.0

43.4

43.8

37.9

40.4

41.8

42.1

42.3

37.5

35.7

41.2

41.4

40.0

38.8

44.0

40.7

42.7

42.6

37.2

37.6

37.1

38.3

37.0

38.6

35.9

34.4

37.2

36.3

36.6

36.4

38.0

38.4

39.7

37.1

35.9

38.0

43.6

34.0

37.7

32.3

29.5

Percent distribution

19.3

20.0

19.1

19.3

19.3

18.7

18.7

19.6

18.8

21.1

19.3

17.8

18.7

18.6

22.6

17.6

18.5

18.4

20.4

11.7

19.0

20.5

27.1

40.5

37.9

41.0

38.4

40,8

41.0

41.5

41.6

36.9

39.4

42.3

40,7

40.4

34.8

36.1

41.9

38.7

36.5

34.9

59.7

40.6

42.5

36.4

40.2

42.1

39.9

42.3

39.9

40,3

39.8

38.8

44.2

39.5

38.4

41,4

40.9

46.6

41.3

37.7

40.0

42.4

43.8

28.6

40,5

37.0

36.5

12.0

13,4

11.8

12.2

12.0

11,3

13.2

10.8

12.2

13.7

10.7

11.6

12.8

14.5

17.0

11,1

11.6

13.3

14.0

14.9

11.9

12.3

13.1

44.8

44,8

44.8

45.3

44.8

44.9

41.6

48.9

47.2

43.1

46.7

41.7

42.8

43.5

41.1

46.0

44.4

43.4

47.2

64.9

44.7

44.7

46.7

43.2

41.9

43.4

42,5

43.3

43.8

45.2

40.3

40,6

43.2

42.6

46.7

44.4

42.0

41.9

42.9

44.0

43.3

38.9

20.3

43.3

43,0

40,2

44
Table 19. Percent distributions of paired rasponsas concerning decision to sea a doctor for loss of appetite, overtiradness, or sore

throat in youth by category of agreement betwean youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselectad health charatieristics: Unitad States, 1966-70-Con.

Health characteristic

Amount of trouble to bring UP

None, ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.

Just a little, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,

Soda .,, ,, . ., . ., ..,.,.... .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visitad mental hosoital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has bean treated by psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Loss of appetita

22.0

20.6

23.7

28.4

16.1

22.1

13.3

22.4

40.7

40.4

43,6

37.3

44.6

40,8

44.8

40.7

37.3

39.1

32.6

34.3

39.3

37.1

41.9

36.8

Overtiradnass

Youth’s Same Parent’s

mncern concern

greater Conarn greatar

Percent distribution

19,1

18.8

20.7

23.2

16.4

19.3

18.1

19.2

40.5

39.8

41.7

42.0

45.5

40.4

40.2

40.6

40.5

41.4

37.6

34.8

38.1

40.3

41.7

40.2

Sore throat

12.4

10.5

11.9

16.7

15.3

11.8

12.1

11.9

44.1

46,3

46.9

35.3

41.3

44.9

41.1

45.0

43.5

43.2

41.2

48.0

43.4

43.3

46.5

43.1

45
Tabla 20. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning dacision tos*adoctor forvomiting, stommhache, orhatichoin

youth bymte@ry ofagr*ment bew*nyouths 12-17yeam ofa~and ~rents, a=rding towl~td health char*teristiw United

States 1866-70

1 1

Haalth characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . .

Parent’s report on health problams

Youths with health problems . . . . .

Those without health problems . . . .

Youth’s report on health problems

Those raporting health problems . . .

Those not reporting health problems .

Youth’s report on last visit to

doctor for checkup

Inthapest year . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2years ago . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2yearsago . . . . . . . . .

Never medevisit . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Youth’s report on last visit to

dentist for checkup

Inthepast year . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2y&arsago . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan2 years ago . . . . . . . . .

Never medavisit . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s rating on health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygocd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor .’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of physical growth

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too fast, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tooslow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

,.

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

,.

. .

. . —

Vomiting

=

Parent’s

concern

greater

20.0

22.0

19.7

23.4

19.6

21.0

16.2

19.8

19.6

21.1

20.8

16.7

17.5

21.6

20.6

19.7

19.7

20.8

18.7

28.2

19.7

23.8

23.2

47.2

45.7

47.4

42.2

47.7

47.5

50.2

49.1

42.6

44,1

48.8

48.0

49.5

41.4

39.7

50.3

46.7

44.7

44.2

36.2

46.9

49.2

51.8

32.8

32.2

32.9

34.4

32.7

31.5

33.7

31.1

37.7

34.8

30.3

35.3

33.0

37.0

39.7

30.0

33.6

34.5

37.1

34.7

33.4

26.9

25.0

Percent distribution

8.1

9,9

7.8

9.7

7.9

7.5

7.0

7.8

11.1

9.4

7.1

7.7

6.4

11.9

11.7

6.4

7.5

10.5

8.0

17.4

8,0

8.0

10.5

49.7

47.0

50.1

I

50.4

49.6

~

49.4

51.9

52.9

45.5

46.1 I

52.8 ~

47.0

50.6

41.5

43.2

51.5,

51.5

47.0

36.9

56.3 ;

49.7

46.4

52.0

42.2

43.1

42.1

39.9

42.5

43.1

41.1

39.3

43.4

42.5

40.1

45.3

43.0

46.6

45.1

42.1

41.0

42.5

55.1

24.2

42.3

43.7

37.5

8.1

10.9

7.6

8.7

8.0

8.0

5.9

7.2

9.3

10.4

6.9

7.0

9.8

10.2

12.3

5.9

7.9

10.0

13.2

17.8

8.0

8.8

10.5

64.5

59.8

65.3

64.6

64.6

65.9

66.0

66.2

55.4

60.8

66.8

65.1

60.6

54.9

53.0

68.7

65.2

60.5

51,2

67.3

64.2

68.8

62.5

27.4

28.3

27.1

26.7

27.4

2641

26.1

24.6

35.3

28.9

24.3

26.0

26.6

34.9

34,7

25.6

28.9

%:

14,9

27.6

21.4

24.3

46
Table 20. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning decision toseeadoctor forvomiting, stomach ache, or headache in

youth bycategory ofagreement betwean youths 12-17years ofageand parents, according toselected health characteristics: United

States 1966-70–Con.

Health characteristic

Amount of trouble to bring up

None, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A lit, . .,, .,, ., ., . . . . . . . . .

Has visitad’mental hospital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has been treated by psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting Stomach ache Headache

touth’s Parent’s Youth ‘S Parent’s Youth’s Parent’s

:oncern

Same Same

concern concern

Sama

concern

con tern

concern

concern

concern

greater greater greater greater greater concern greater

19.5

19.5

23.5

23.3

21.8

19.9

22.5

19.8

47.2

48.2

45.8

42.0

40.4

47.5

39.8

47.8

33.3

32.3

30.6

34.8

37.8

32.6

37.6

32.4

Percent distribution

7.7

7.9

9.4

11.0

13.0

7.9

10.1

7.9

48.9

49.3

54.2

51.5

52.2

49.7

55.4

49.4

43.4

42.7

36.4

37.6

34.7

42.5

34.5

42.7

7.3

8.7

9.0

15.1

12.8

7.9

12.7

7.8

63.4

65.5

68.1

64.5

60.4

84.7

62.4

84.7

28.3

25.8

22.9

20.4

26.7

27.4

25.0

27.6

47
Table 21. Percent distributions of youths 12-17years ofageby desired attainment indication andexpectation fortheyouth by the

parent, according toageand sex, andstandard error ofpercent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Age and sex

AHyouths, 12-17 years. .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boys, 12-17 years . . . . .

12years . . . . . ..o o...

13years . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, 12-17 years . . . . .

12years . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . ...,.,...

15years . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years,.,.,...,.. .

17 years..,....,.,..

Total, . . . . . . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I

Parent’s educational goal for youth Parent’s expectation regarding education

~~

0.5 —.

—

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.7

1.0

0.4

—

0.2

0.5

0.3

0.8

0.4

0.5

—

0.2

0.2

0.8

0.5

1.6

16.9

14.9

17.4

16.1

19.2

17.2

17.0

16.0

12.9

15.3

15.0

18.1

17.7

17.3

18.0

17.0

19.7

17.1

20.3

16.8

16.7

35.5

33.5

35.4

34.9

35.6

38.1

35.9

30.3

28.8

30.0

29.7

30.5

30.9

32.2

40.9

38.4

41.0

40.3

40.7

45,4

39.7

31.3

32.1

31.5

32.8

29.3

29.2

32.6

31.7

31.6

33.5

32.6

30.5

28.9

32.9

30.8

32.7

29.4

33.0

28.2

29.5

32.3

Percent distribution

15.8

19.4

15.5

15.9

15,3

14.8

13.5

21.7

26,7

21.1

22.2

20.6

21.7

17.3

9.8

12.0

9.7

9.5

10.0

7.8

9.6

3.4

1.6

2.2

2.9

3.3

4.4

6.5

3.8

1.6

2.4

3.5

3.3

5.4

7.5

3.0

1.7

2.0

2.3

3.4

3.4

5.6

26.7

28.6

29.1

25.8

29.0

25.0

22.0

24.9

25.5

25.0

23.8

28.5

24.6

21.7

28.5

31.7

33.2

28.0

29.4

25.4

22.3

36.1

34.4

36.5

36.0

35.6

37.6

36.7

31.9

32.1

32.5

31.6

30.4

30.7

34.0

40.4

36.7

40.6

40.4

40.8

44.8

39.4

23.6

24.7

23,2

25,0

21.1

22.8

24.8

25.3

26.3

27.4

26.7

23.1

24.1

23,8

21,9

23,0

18.8

23.4

19.1

21.5

25,9

10,2

10.7

9.1

10.2

11.0

10.1

9.9

14,1

14,5

12.7

14.5

14.6

15.1

13.1

6.2

6.9

5.5

5.9

7.3

4.9

6.8

Standard error of percent

0.14 i 0.99 I 1.08 0.92 I 0.64 I 0.46 !

1.16 I 1.08 !

0.96 I 0.52

I I I I I I I

0.09 1.23 1.24 1.06 1.01 0.35 1.50 1.08 1.09 0,B5

0.23 1.03 1.27 1.08 0.56 0.63 1.19 1.49 1,08 0.46

48
“-—

Table 22. Pwcentd ietributionsof pcired mwonses concerning edu@tional goals andexwcMtions re@rding tiumtion for the youth bycategary ofagrcement

Imwem youths 12-17 Yearsof aga end parents,accordingto selecteddemographic characteristic&and standard error of percent by se% United States, 1956-70

Demographiccharacteristic

Total,12-17 vearsof age. . . . .

Q

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographicregion

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ruth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tvpe of place of residence

Urbanizadaraasl . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otheraraas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bdowweragagsin . . . . . . . . . . .

Awragegsin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveavaragagain . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Leesthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000 . 4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000 - 6,899 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000 - 9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000 - 14.998 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$16,0000rm0re . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17yearsofage. . . . .

1population Of 25,Wo or mOre.

Educational goals

BOW Girls

Youth’s Goal Parent’s Youth’s Goal Parent’s

goal the goal goal the goal

higher same higher higher scme higher

20.6

26.7

25.0

20.1

20.9

14.3

15.0

19.7

26.7

20.5

22.3

20.6

1B.7

20.8

21.4

19.7

24.0

20.1

19.9

18.8

24.2

24.4

20.0

20.4

21.1

13.3

4B.O

40.3

44.9

48.9

47.5

55.1

52.2

49.6

36.8

46.5

49.2

50.2

46.2

46.0

48.0

47.9

46.1

46.4

46.8

50.0

44.3

42.8

46.7

47.9

47.6

61.5

31.5

33.0

30.1

30.9

31.6

30.5

32.6

30.7

36.5

33.0

26,5

29.2

35.1

33.2

30,6

32.3

29.9

31.5

33.3

31.3

31.6

32.9

33.4

31.B

31.4

25.3

0.61

20.9

29.2

24.5

19.9

16.9

17.0

16.9

20.3

24.7

21.5

17.4

22.4

20.5

22.7

20.6

21.0

22.B

20.6

20.4

19.8

26.3

21.7

21.7

19.1

18.8

21.6

54.0

=

46.2

51.0

54.3

56.3

57.1

60.2

55.6

43.4

66.2

59.4

54.B

49.7

52.3

53.7

54.2

54.1

52.6

53.9

55.0

47.9

49.B

51.4

57.1

55.4

61.5

25.1

24.5

24.5

25.8

26.B

25.9

22.9

24.1

31.9

12.2

23.3

22.B

29.8

25.0

25.5

24.7

23.1

26.4

25.7

25.2

25.9

28.4

27.0

23.6

24.8

16.9

Boys I Girls

26.3

34.2

30.5

28.1

25.9

16.6

20.9

25.1

34.5

23.9

2B.7

24.6

27.3

25.4

26.7

25.9

30.7

27.3

26.0

22.4

30.0

32.4

27.0

24.6

26.2

18.9

Standarderrorof percent

51.3

43.5

47.5

46.9

51.9

61.1

58.6

52.7

40.6

63.4

49.4

55.7

49.7

49.4

51.5

51.0

46.7

52.0

48.7

54.7

52.4

43.9

49.7

54.5

50.2

58.2

22.4

22.3

22.1

25.0

22.3

22.1

20.5

22.1

24.7

12.7

22.0

19.B

23.0

25.2

21.8

23.0

20.6

20.8

25.3

22.9

17.6

23.7

23.3

20.9

23.6

22.9

25.1

35.0

29.9

23.7

21.6

19.6

19.0

23.5

35.0

21.5

24.6

24.B

25.1

25.7

25.8

24.3

26.5

23.5

27.8

22.5

26.4

30.5

25.0

22.0

24.2

23.5

58.1

50.0

54.6

59.6

60.9

62.0

62.5

60.1

44.9

66.2

60.7

56.5

57.4

58.3

56.5

59.6

60.4

59.4

53.0

59.5

57.8

51.3

54.6

52.5

59.5

61.0

I

Parent’s

expectation

higher

16.6

15.0

15.6

16.7

17.5

1B.2

18.5

16.4

20.1

12.2

14.7

18.7

17.5

16.0

17.7

16.0

13.1

17.1

19.2

18.0

13.8

18.2

20.4

15.5

16.3

15.5

0.95 0.74 I1.17 1.06 0.76 1.04 0.84 I

0.67

I

1.03

49
—--

Table 23, Percent distributions of paired responses concerning educational goals andexpectations conmrning education forthe youth by

category of agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, accord ingtoselected characteristics related to schooling of the

youth, andstandard error of percent: United States, 1966-70

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age...... . . . . . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nursery school

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did not attend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kindergarten

Attended, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did not attend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Was quite happy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasa little upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Was quite upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset,became sick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimes awayfromhome

for at least 2 months

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s rating of mental development

Too fast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Too slow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s desire regarding youth’s education

Quit school assoon as possible . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,

Finish high school, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getsomecoliegetraining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get postgraduate training . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . .

Parent’s expectation regarding youth’s education

Quitschool assoonaspossible . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getsomecollege training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish college . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get postgraduate training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17 yearsofage .,.. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Educational goals Expectations concerning education

Youth ‘s Goal Parent’s

Youth’s Expec- Parent’s

Total goal the Total expec- tations expecgoal

higher same higher

tation the tation

higher same higher

Percent distribution

100.0

~

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

1(20.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

20.7

20.6

20.9

19.9

20,8

20.8

20.5

19.9

23.7

22.5

20.6

23.1

21.0

19.2

19.4

25.2

20.5

27.6

52.1

35,3

24.6

1;.6

—

26.9

26.6

22.7

17.6

3.6

50.9

~

48.C

54.0

54.1

50.6

52.2

48.5

52.1

47.6

52.0

36.6

46.8

50.9

54.6

47.2

46.4

51.4

39.8

47.9

59.1

51.8

47.4

47.6

38.8

48.0

50.2

52.9

60.6

28.3

31.5

25.1

26.0

28.6

27.0

31.0

28.1

28.7

25.6

42.8

30.1

28.1

26.2

33.4

28.4

28.2

32.6

1—

5.6

23.6

34.1

52.4

34.3

25.3

27.1

29.5

35.8

1OQ.O

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Standard error of percent

25.7

26.3

25.1

22.8

26.0

25,2

26.7

24.3

30.3

31.4

30.4

28.5

25.5

23.2

29.7

29.2

25.1

43.1

37,3

34.0

28.3

24.3

13.4

60.7

38.6

26.4

1;.2

—

54.6

51.3

58.1

56.9

54.4

55.1

53.8

55.7

50.8

49.7

44.2

55.1

54.2

59.3

54.5

55.1

55.2

37.5

62,7

60.3

55.4

51,7

52.5

39.3

58.9

53.4

54.2

54.0

19.7

. ..]1 0.65 I 0.82

I

0.57 0.92

lNote that thi~value has to be .zerO,and that it is expected that the others in the same column of this matrix would increase (or

decrease) from level to level.

22.4

16.8

20,3

19.6

19.7

19.5

20,1

18.9

18.9

25.5

16.5

20.2

17.5

15,9

15.7

19.7

19.4

I_

5.7

16.3

24,0

34.0

I_

2.5

20,2

29.6

46.0

0,59

50
-—

Table 24, Percent distributions of peired responses ragerding reletiva amount eaten and relative waight of youth by category of

egreementbetwaen youths 12-17 years of aWandparants, amording toparent's desire andaxpectation concerning education of

youth andaccording to sex: United States, 1966-70

Anticipated educational level and sax of youth

Attainment desire of parant for youth

Boys:

Quit school as soon as possible . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish high schoral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get some college or other training after high school . .

Finish college and get a college dagrae . . . . . . . . .

Finish college end take further training. . . . . . . . .

Girls:

Quit school as soon as possibla . . . . . . . . . . , . .

Finish high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get some collecia or othar trainina after hiah school . .

Finish college &d get a collage d;graa , .“

Finish college and take further training. .

Expectation of parent for youth

Boys:

Quit school as soon as possible . . . . . .

Finish high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . .

. . . . . . .

. . . . . . .

,. ...,.

Get some college or other training after high school . .

Finish college end get a college degree . . . . . . . . .

Finish college and take further training. . . . . . . , .

Girls:

(luitschoo lessoonaspossible . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Finish high school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Get some college or othar training efter high school . .

Finish college and get a college degraa . . . . . . . . .

Finish college and take further training . . . . . . , . .

Percent

Iistribut ion

)f responses

0.4

16.0

30.3

31.7

21.7

0.5

18.0

40.9

30.8

9.8

3.8

24.9

31.9

25.3

14.1

3.0

28.5

40.4

21.9

6.2

Relative amount eaten I

Relativa weight

Youth’s 8ame I

Parant’s Youth’s Same Parant’s

astimate estimate estimate estimate estimate astimate

lower lower Iowar lower

16.1

12.6

9.2

9.4

8.0

20.5

10.9

5.4

6.6

7.9

14.7

10.8

10.5

8.4

5.6

15.7

8.9

6.2

5.7

5.3

76.2

74.0

78.2

79.8

81.6

72.1

72.7

77.6

75.3

73.6

65.0

76.3

78.1

80.4

85.8

70.4

74.0

76.5

77.1

74.5

Percent Distribution

7.8

13.4

12.6

10.8

10.4

7.4

16.4

17.0

18.1

18.5

20.2

12.9

11.4

11.2

8.6

13.8

17.0

17.3

17.2

20.2

13.7

14.7

12.e

12.6

12.0

12.4

8.9

4.9

5.0

5.0

20.3

12.9

13.6

11.3

11.9

10.0

7.6

4.9

4.9

3.3

78.6

75.9

80.3

80.8

79.5

68.8

78.5

80.7

79.8

83.8

67.2

79.6

78.8

83.1

78.8

78.7

78.8

80.1

81.9

83.3

7.8

9.4

6.9

6.5

8.5

18.9

12.6

14.4

15.1

11.3

12,5

7.5

7.6

5.7

9.3

11.4

13.6

14.9

13.2

13.4

51
-. -

Table 25. Proportion of youths 12-17 years of age reported by parents as receiving allowances, percent distribution of persons deciding

on the amount, and proportion of youths who earned money among those receiving no allowances. accordirw to aoe and sex. and

standard error of percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

. .

Aga and sex

All youths, 12-17 years . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boys, 12-17 years

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, 12-17 years

12years . . . . . . . ..@..o ,..

13years . . . . . . ..ro o... .0

14years . . ..o. .cm..o. ...

15years . ..c. .. c..... . . .

16years .r. o.. ,..t.t. ...

17years ..o. .om . . . ..m ...

Total ... .,oo. ,,. .o..o

BOYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . +........ . . . .

Percent of

youths who

received

47.8

52.7

51.7

49.6

47.2

45.1

39.2

45.3

50.5

51.4

48.2

44.2

41.4

34.5

50.3

55.0

52.1

50.9

50.2

48.8

44.0

Person(s) making decision on amount

~

Percent distribution

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

3.7

——

3.2

2.9

2.9

4.8

4.3

5.0

4.0

3.7

2.9

4.0

4.3

5.0

4.8

3.5

2.8

2.9

1.9

5.4

3.6

5.1

48.4

51.9

48.7

47.2

48.5

47.9

44.2

48.1

51.6

49.5

47.8

48.7

49.6

37.8

48.5

52.2

47.8

46.6

48.4

46.5

49.3

20.6

19.9

20.7

22.2

19.3

19.0

22.7

24.7

23.2

25.6

27.0

24.2

23.1

24.9

16.8

16.7

15.8

17.6

14.8

15.3

21.0

51dE

Standard error of percent

25.3

24.0

24.9

25.7

25.4

27.5

24.7

21.0

19.8

18.4

19.7

20.2

21.9

29.6

28.3

27.9

31.4

31.5

30.2

32,5

20.9

2.0

1.0

2.9

2.0

1.9

1.3

3.4

2.2

1.7

3.5

1.5

2.6

0.5

3.0

1.9

0.3

2.2

2.5

1.3

2.1

3.8

.—

Percent

of youths

who

earned

money

among

those

receiving

no

allowances

65.6

54.1

56.7

64.1

65.9

71.0

79.0

73.2

61.4

62.9

70.7

74.3

81.3

86.0

57.0

45.7

50.3

57.0

56.3

58.9

72.6

1.31 1.27 1.04 0.26 1.53

1.25 1.30 1.11 0.41 2.15

1.77 1.61 1.36 0.25 1.55

52
““%

Tablt 26. Percent distributions of youths 12-17 years of age by parent’s report of whochooees youth’s clothes and whodacides how he spands hismonev,

acmrding toageand sex, andmandard error ofpercent by sex: Unitad States, 1966-70

Age and sex

Allyouths, 12-17 vears. . . . . . .

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13ymrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14vaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16vmr s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bovs,12-17years. . . . . . . . . .

12yoers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15veers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16ycers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 yaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls,12-17years . . . . . . . . . .

12vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I?yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

BoAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Person (s) making decision on clothes Person (s) making decision on monev

Youth Both Parent Youth Both

Parent

alOnel Father ‘other parents and Others Father elonel Mot her and Others

vouth

parents

vout h

Percent distribution

26.0

7.9

12.6

21.4

27.2

3B.6

52.3

24.7

1Y2

19.B

24.0

37.8

54.5

27.3

9.1

15.0

23.0

30.5

39.5

50.0

0.7

0.9

1.0

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.1

1.0

1.6

1.8

0.6

1.1

0.8

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.5

0.1

0.4

12.6

22.7

16.4

12.6

9.4

6.8

5.9

14.8

25.8

19.2

16.1

11.4

7.2

7.4

10.2

19.5

13.4

9.0

7.4

6.5

4.3

2.9

5.0

3.9

3.5

2.1

1.5

0.8

3.8

7.0

4.8

4.6

2.B

2.0

1.3

1.9

3.0

3.0

2.5

1.3

1.0

0.2

0.71 I 0.13 I 0.70 I 0.37

EEiEE

56.8

62.3

64.4

61.3

59.5

51.6

39.7

54.4

57.7

62.7

5B.4

59.0

50.8

35.3

59.4

67.0

66.1

64.3

60.0

52.5

44.1

1.1

1.1

1.7

0.6

1.2

0.8

1.3

1.2

1.3

1.3

0.5

1.7

1.4

1.2

1.0

1.0

2.1

0.7

0.6

0.1

1.4

46.0

36.3

38.2

44.0

50.8

51.7

57.3

43.6

32.8

38.3

39.7

47.1

49.7

56.3

48.5

39.8

36.1

48,3

54.6

53.7

58.4

1.2

1.6

1.2

0.8

1.4

0.9

1.2

1.8

2.2

1.6

1.2

2.4

1.5

1.7

0.6

1.0

0.8

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.6

5.9

7.4

7.1

6.1

6.0

4.5

4.0

5.3

B.O

5.7

5.7

4.B

3.5

3.8

6.5

6.9

8.5

6.4

7.~

5.4

4.1

6.2

8.9

7.6

6.9

5.3

4.0

3.6

6.6

9.8

7.6

7.0

5.9

4.6

4.4

5.7

8.0

7.7

8.8

4.8

3.4

2.8

40.1

45.1

44.9

41.7

36.2

38.3

33.1

42.0

46.6

46.0

45.8

39.5

38.4

33.5

38.1

43.6

43.B

37.6

32.9

37.1

32.7

0.6

0.6

0.9

0.5

0.3

0.6

0.8

0.6

0.5

0.8

0.5

0.3

1.2

0.3

0.6

0.6

0.9

0.4

0.3

1.3

Standard error of percent

0.78 0.14 0.79 0.16 0.44 0.53 0.78 0.09

1.10 0.26 1.08 0.22 0.57 0.61 1.08 0.18

1.09 0.16 1.11 0.17 0.40 0.56 1.06 0.11

l,”cl”de~a relativalv ~mallnumberof resp~”~es ~f>>”~b~dy,,, a~outil percent ofallresponses onmoney arKJabout one-half Of 1 percent OfthOse Unclothes.

53
Tablo 27. Percant distributions of youths 12-17years ofawbYmrent's reprtof whowletis youth's friends andwhodecidm howhtehemay Meyout,

according toaWand aax, andstandard error ofpercentby aax: Unitad States, 1886-70

Age and aax

Allyouths, 12-17 years. . . . . .

12yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boys, 12-17years . . . . . . . . .

12yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yaers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, 12-17 years . . . . . . . . .

12yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

soys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Person(s) making decisimr on friends

(outh Both Parent

Ionel Father Mother parents and Others

ycwth

J29.J

T

22.2

24.7

2B.6

35.0

45.7

33.4

23.1

26.1

27,0

34.0

40.5

52.4

25.1

20.2

1B.2

22,3

23.1

29.3

38,9

~

0.9

1.3

0.9

1.5

2.3

0.8

1.5

.1.0

1.9

0.4

2.5

3.0

0.5

1.0

0.8

0.6

1.3

0.6

1.6

1.1

7.3

10.3

8.3

7.3

8.2

4.8

4.3

5.6

6.8

6.5

7.2

5.7

1.B

3.1

9.0

11.8

10.1

7.3

10.8

7.8

5.5

JQ

17.8

15.9

15.9

14.1

10.5

10.6

13.8

17.6

16.3

15.1

12.8

10.8

9.7

14.7

18.0

15.5

16.8

15.4

10.3

11.5

*

48.6

50.9

49.6

46.9

46.0

37.2

44.4

49.1

48.0

48.9

43.9

42.1

32.9

49.0

48.0

53.8

50.4

49.8

50.0

41.4

Person(s) making decision cmhcwrs2

Youth 8oth Parent

alone Father Mother parents and Othera

youth

I 1 I I I

Percent diatributicm

1.2

O.B

1.5

1.6

0.7

1.4

1.5

1.2

0.4

1.2

1.4

1.1

1.8

1.4

1.3

1.1

1.7

1.8

0.3

0.9

1.6

~

0.7

1.5

1.4

z

10.4

4.2

0.6

1.4

1.4

3.4

4.5

14.9

2.4

O.B

1.6

1.3

1.6

3.8

5.9

4:4

5.1

E

6.0

6.3

:::

4.2

8.1

9.1

6.5

4.B

3.6

3.9

6.0

5.9

4.3

5.5

15.0

18.4

14.5

14.6

14.7

14.7

12.5

13.2

16.9

11.3

15.5

11.4

12.1

11.8

16.8

20.1

17.6

13.7

18.1

17.4

13.3

35.7

41.3

39.7

39.1

34.1

32.0

26.7

36.8

44.2

43.2

38.8

35.6

31.4

26.0

34.6

38.4

36.1

39.3

32.7

32.7

27.5

39.1

34.1

38.2

38.7

40.7

41.2

42.1

38.1

32.3

37.4

38.9

40.2

41.4

39.3

40.0

36.0

39.1

36.5

41.2

41.0

44.9

1.3

T

1.6

1.1

0.9

1.1

2.2

1.3

0.8

1.8

1.0

1.3

1.5

1.5

1.3

1.2

1.5

1.2

0.5

0.7

2.9

Standard error of parcant

0.74 0.20 0.46 O.m 0.79 0.12 0.26 0.45 0.76 0.85 0.78 0.12

1.04 0.26 0.51 0.77 1.10 0.26 0.34 0.57

0.97 0.23

0.88 1.18 1.06

0.58 0.80 1.11

0.23

0.15 0.32 0.57 0.84 1.al 1.C9 0.14

1ln~ludas a relatively smell number of respmrsesof “nobody”, about 2 Percent of all response=%

2Re~n~s~f a.n~~dy,, (about! Parcwtofall responsaa)waraconsiderd “unkrmwn’’r espmssas.

54
Table 28, Percent dlstributionsof youths 12-17years ofageby seleaed charatieristics associated with social dewlopment, according todegree of congruence

with parents onresponses toquestions onhealth attitudes and behavior andaccortingto =x: United States, 198&70

Selected characteristic

Totel, 12-17 years of age . . . .

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justallttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Proportion of Vouth’s friends

perentknowswell

Mostofthem . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Halfofthem . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Almost none . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nurober of times Vouth ran

awav from home

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethanonce . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of smoking

Naversmoked regularly. . . . . . .

Don’tsmokenow2 , . . . . . . . .

Smoke less than one-half pack

perdey, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke one-half, but less than

Ipeckperday . . . . . . . . . .

Smokel or more packs

perdav . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Percentofagreement on responses

Boys I Girls

1

0-43 44-51 52-571 58-63 84-69 70-100 043 44-51 52-57 59%31 64-69 70-100

Percent distribution

00.0

=

52.6

30.1

12.7

4.6

70.7

21.9

7.4

86.6

9.3

4.1

45.9

30.7

14.4

4.9

4.1

100.0

56.6

29.3

11<5

2.6

78.2

17.0

6.8

89.1

7.7

3.2

49.1

32.1

10.4

3.8

4.6

100.0

57.7

28.8

11.3

2.2

77.1

17.8

5.1

92.3

5.5

2.2

48.7

33.3

10.1

6.0

1.9

100.0

58.7

26.8

12.4

2.1

75.3

16.7

6.0

90.9

6.8

2.3

49.0

32.8

9.7

6.1

2.4

100.0

60.6

27.2

10.4

1.8

73.7

19.3

7.0

89.7

7.4

2.9

48.8

35.5

11.1

3.7

0.9

1 Includes the mean of the distribution, 55 percent for bovs and 60 percent for girls.

100.0

59.0

25.0

14.0

2.0

78.6

17.1

4.3

92.5

6.3

1.2

54.6

32.4

7.3

3.9

1.8

100.0

61.2

26.0

10.5

2.3

81.7

12.1

6.2

89.7

6.0

4.3

59.5

26.5

7.7

4.4

1.9

100.0

61.7

26.0

9.7

2.6

77.8

17.8

4.4

91.1

4.9

4.0

58.0

28.7

9.6

2.4

1.3

100.0

57.7

28.1

12.2

2.0

77.0

16.0

5.0

89.8

8.3

1.9

57.5

29.9

6.5

5.0

1.1

100.0

65.7

24.6

8.9

0.8

82.1

13.6

4.3

93.1

4.9

2.0

61.1

28.2

6.9

1.8

2.0

100.0

64.2

23.4

11.2

1.2

78.3

16.1

5.6

91.0

7.1

1.9

57.4

34.1

6.4

1.6

0.5

100.0

~

63.9

28.4

6.4 “

1.3

77.5

16.2

6.3

92.3

5.6

2.1

63.4

28.8

6.1

1.6

0.7

2The~e Vouths smoked regularlv at some time prior to tha examination.

55
Table 29. Percent distributions of pairad responsas concerning allowances for youths by category of agreement betwaen youths 12-17 years ofageandparemts,

according toselected demographic characteristics, and atandard error of Percent by sex: United States, 1966-70

Question: Doesheor sheaet an allowance? I Question: Whodecides howmuch (allowance)?

Boys Girls BOYS I Gkls

Same

answer

Demographic characteristic :t$ Agreed

that

more parants

independence ‘0

Parant

cites

mo ra

indape~

dented L-L~t’”h Agreed

that

more

~

parants

indapan. do

dence

Parent

citas

mo ra

Indapan. H denca2

Youth,

yes

parent,

no

Youth,

no

parant,

yea

Percent distribution

Total, 12-17 yaarsofage. . . . . 10.3

13.4

9.7

9.9

10.2

9.8

8.2

8.9

19.3

5.0

7.1

8.9

15.9

9.2

9.7

10.8

12.5

10.0

10,5

8.5

14.3

15.4

11.7

8.7

8.3

3.4

1

81.9

80.0

83.1

82.1

80.9

81.2

B4.3

83.7 ~

68.1

95.0

64.3

84.1

76.5

82.4

60,8

82.9

80.4

81.9

80.0

84.7

76.7

74.5

81.0

84.3

86.2

86.8

7.9 9.0

+

96.5 I 3.5

I

—

—

85.1

81.8

87.3

85.9

83.6

86.7

85.2

86.8

74.0

75.9

83.4

86.2

B4.2

B5.9

83.1

87.0

84.5

87.7

80.0

88.1

78.0

81.6

84.0

87.5

89.1

87.3

5.9

6.3

4.1

5.6

6.0

6.0

7.5

5.3

9.1

14.1

7.2

4.8

6.6

5.3

7.2

4.6

6.0

4.3

8.7

4.5

8.9

7.8

5.3

4.6

4.8

4.9

—

—

—

Age —

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years. ,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98.0

97.2

97.9

94.6

96.2

93.9

96.0

99.7

100.0

96.2

97.6

95.3

96.4

96.4

96.5

96.3

95.9

97.0

96,5

96.5

99.3

96.2

97.B

96.3

81.2

6.6

7.2

8.1

9.0

9.0

7.5

7.4

11.6

8.6

7.1

7.6

8.4

9.5

6.3

7.1

8.2

9.5

6.9

9.0

10,0

7.3

7.0

5.5

9.8

11.9

8.6

8.5

10.4

7.3

7.3

7.8

16.9

10.1

9.4

9.0

9.2

8.7

9.7

8.4

9.6

8.0

11.3

7.4

13.0

10.6

10.6

8.0

6.1

7.8

86.1

96.9

96.4

95.1

94.7

93.9

3.9

3.1

3.6

4.9

5.3

6.1

4.8

0.8

3.7

4.0

5.3

4.1

4.2

4.4

1.3

5.3

5.2

4.5

—

3.2

2.7

:::

8.5

2.0

2.8

2.1

5.4

3.8

6.1

4.0

0.3

3.6

2.4

4.7

3.6

3.6

3.6

3.7

4.1

3.0

3.5

3.5

0.7

3.8

2.2

3.7

8.8

—Race

Whit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

95.2

99.2

100.0

Gecgraphicregion

Northeaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest. .

South...:::::::::::: :::

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Typa of place of rasidance

Urbanizadareas’ , . , , . . , , , . ,

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

96.3

96.0

94.7

95.9

95.8

95.6

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . , . . , . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Atmveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . .

98.7

94.7

94.6

95.5

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,0C=3-4,988. . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,0@3-6,988. ,, . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,998 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,998

$15,0000rm0re. :::::::: :::

100.0

96.6

97.3

97.3

93.1

91.5

Standard error of percent

Total, 12-17 yaarsof aga. . . . . 0.65 0.82 I 0.59 I 0.53 I

0.7B I 0.401 – I 0.51 I 0.51 I

lpopulation of 25,001J Or ‘ore

21” this ~tegory ara parents who repcrted that the process was a democratic one and youths who said that Parents decided.

0.45 I 0,45

56
Tabl@ 30. Pwcant distributions of paired responses concerning who makes most of thedecisions onvouth’s clothes and thespending ofmoney by category of

agrecmsnt between youths 12-17 VCrsof age and parents, according to selected demographic characteristics, and standard error ofrwcantbyaex: Unitad

Stat#l. 1866.70

Oamographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 vaars of age . . . . .

A&9

12years, , .,, . . . . . . . . . . .

13 Vears, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14vcars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16vaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17v0ars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

km

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northaaat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bath. ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TVPSof place of residenca

Urbanlzedareasl . . . . , . . . . . .

Othwaracs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rata of population change

Lost, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ealowavaragegsin . . . . . . . . . .

Awragagnln, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Abovaawragegain . . . . . . . . . .

4nnual f.smilv income

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000-6,889 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,988 . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore . . . . . . . . . . .

Cluastion: Whomakesmost oftha decisionson

I

Question: Who rrsckes most of the deoisions on

choosing vouth’s clothes? the spending of vouth’s monev?

BOVS I Girls I

BOYS I

I Gids I

Youth Same Parent Youth Same Parent Youth Same Parent Youth Same Parent

eports amount reports reports

amount

reports ‘Qg: amount reports

re:;: amount

reports

,:eo;:”. of inde- more more of inde- ‘ore of inda- rnore

indepen- indepenof inda- . ‘“a

deuce pendence ~“m pandence ‘“d:”:e”- ‘“:e;:e”” pcndence mdepen- ind~n~en- i;&pc;- Pandenw dance

dance

25.91 55.2 I

1B.g

I

25.3

22.8

2S.4

30.s

26.6

21.2

25.3

30,0

26.5

26.7

24.1

28,3

25.0

26.7

24.9

27.5

25.2

27.3

24.1

28.8

29.3

27.2

26.2

22.1

25.1

0.891

50.3

52.5

54.7

50.2

59.5

65.2

55.8

51.4

46.3

56.3

56.0

51.2

57.0

55.8

54.4

52.5

56.8

53.3

57.4

49.6

50.7

51.5

58.1

60.5

5B.3

*

24.5

24.7

16.$

19.C

13.9

13.6

18.9

18.5

27.2

17.0

20.0

20.5

18.0

17.5

20.6

20.0

16.1

19.4

1B.5

20.6

20.0

21.2

17,7

17.3

16.6

0.84 I

20.3

17.8

18.9

16.0

18.7

16.8

17.3

24.8

21.9

18.1

17.0

21.0

17.4

1B.4

18.2

18.9

16.0

19.8

16.4

23,7

19,4

15.2

18.6

17.4

16.0

!El_

80.4

66.0

64.9

6B.4

65.9

67.5

67.1

54.8

5B.8

66.6

66.3

62.5

66.2

66.3

64.5

62,9

68.0

62.6

6B.3

56.1

64.0

66.4

66.0

68.5

68.4

19.3

16.2

152

15.6

15.4

15.7

15.6

20.4

19,4

15.2

16.7

16.5

16.4

15.4

17.4

18.2

15.9

17.7

13.3

16.2

16.6

18.4

15.6

14.1

15.6

31.0

29.3

2B.6

2B.4

26.6

26.1

28.3

29.6

21.6

28.6

27.2

27.0

30.1

27.1

29.9

30.6

27.8

29.2

26.6

27.7

25.8

29.1

30.5

26.5

30.4

Standard error of percent

45.4

46.2

52.9

51.2

55.0

56.7

52.0

43.9

66.5

51.2

51.7

50.8

50.5

51.4

50.7

48.6

63.6

48.4

53.0

44.1

51.0

49.6

53.3

53.7

50.8

20.E

1.22 0.64 0,86 0.86

23.t

24.5

18.2

20.4

16.4

17.2

19.1

26.3

8.$

19.2

21.1

22.3

19.3

21.5

19.4

20.8

18.6

22.4

20.4

26.2

23.2

21.3

16.2

19.9

18.8

0,76 ]

21.1[ 5B.1 I 20.8

23.1

23.5

20.5

19.8

21.2

18.4

20.3

27.0

7.2

19.5

22.2

22.0

20.5

21.1

21.2

18.9

18.7

22.0

24.7

20.5

21.8

22.1

20.1

23.6

19.0

0.691

49.1

52.9

61.2

61.1

59.2

66.1

59.6

47.1

57.1

58.3

58.0

56.0

59.8

5B.O

58.2

60.6

60.5

55.1

56.2

56.2

56,8

57.6

60.6

56.8

59.6

0.95 I

27.6

23.6

18.3

19.2

19.6

15.5

19.9

25.9

35.7

22.2

19.8

22.0

19.6

21.0

20.6

20.6

20.8

22.9

19.0

23.3

21.4

20.3

19.3

19.6

21.4

Total, 12-17 vearsofaga. . . . . 0.66

1 1 1

1 population of 25,000 or mora.

57
Table 31. Percent dstributions ofpaired remonsesconcerning whochmses voutWsfriends anddecides thehours for bingout bycateWry ofagr@mentbetwwn

y0uths12-17 vearsofage andwrents, acwrdingtO Sleeted demqraphic charatieristi=, andtiandard mrOrofpercent by sex: United States, 1866-70

Question: Whomakes rnostof thedacislonson

how late youth may stay out?

says Girls

Youth Same Parent Youth

repOrts ~m~unt repmts reports ::nt %X’s

more of inde- nmre more of inde- more

ndapen -

dence pmdence indepen- ind~”yen- ind:”~en- pandence de”m

Question: Whomakes most of thedecisionson

selecting youth’s friends?

BOVS

I

Girls

fouth Same Parent Youth Same Parent

sports amount reports rapcwts

amount reports

mora of inda- mora more of inda- ‘ore

::”yen” pandence i“depe”- deuce ‘nd:”:en- pandence mdepen.

dence

Percent distribution

43 18.2 22.9

23.0

20.0

18.0

16.4

17.1

14.1

18.2

18.7

6.7

18.8

15.9

20.9

18.1

17.7

18.9

18,9

16.7

18.7

18.5

24.1

18.5

17.8

17.5

16.7

14.B

T0tal,12-17 vaarsofaga. . . . . .

—AW

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15yaars . . . . . . . . . . ..i . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~,17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19.0 31.5 50.3

9.8

13.1

12.6

18.6

19.3

24.2

15.8

17.7

24.7

17.3

15.6

17.7

14.2

16.0

16.3

17.4

17.2

16.2

14.1

17.7

17.9

14.9

14.0

77.7

15,4

7.8

12.5

14.7

14.8

17.4

18.2

14.0

14.5

13.0

15.0

13.4

16.1

12.3

14.9

13.1

14.3

14.4

14.0

13.7

14.0

13.3

14.5

12.7

14.8

16.9

0.601

67.3

61.5

62.3

64.1

59.5

63.2

62.6

64.9

81.6

63.2

62.3

64.5

62.4

63.4

62.6

63.6

61.1

64.0

63.3

67.2

64.2

63.5

83.5

63.4

59.6

24.9

26.0

23.0

21.2

23.1

18.6

23.3

20.6

5.4

21.9

24,3

19.3

25.3

21.7

24.3

22.1

24.5

22.0

23.0

18,8

22.5

22.0

23.8

21.8

23.5

37.5

39.4

43.4

38.4

37.5

30.3

38.2

36.4

15.0

38.9

37.8

3B.4

36.7

36.1

39.9

36.3

40.5

35.3

39.0

34.9

33.8

38.9

41.7

39.2

36.5

L

34.8

40.9

37.0

46.1

47.9

53.5

43.4

39.6

68.4

45.2

41.1

40.5

45.9

45.0

40.9

44.9

40.7

44.4

42.6

44.0

42.7

39.0

40.1

44.6

48.8

27.7

19.7

19.6

15.5

14.6

16.2

18.3

24.0

16.6

15.9

21.0

21.2

17.4

18.9

19.2

18.7

18.8

20.3

18.4

21.1

23.6

22.1

18.2

16.2

14.7

34.4

32.7

32.1

31.6

29.7

28.0

30.9

35.3

36.1

30.6

34.5

30.0

30.4

32.5

30.4

28.7

32.8

31.5

33.1

26.8

30.5

32.1

32.4

35.1

28.5

42.6

47.4

49.8

51.9

53.2

57.9

50.9

46.0

57.2

50.8

49.6

49.1

51.5

49.9

50.7

52.4

50.5

49.B

48.4

49.1

51.0

50.1

50.1

48.2

56.7

64.6

60.4

60.4

56.7

57.7

53.0

58.6

61.2

56.6

59.5

57.0

58.3

81.1

59.6

58.1

58.6

58.5

60.6

58.2

62.2

56.6

80.4

59.5

55.3

51.0

25.6

26.4

27.1

24.7

23.0

22.8

25.6

21.0

18.8

23.2

27.4

24.0

24.7

24.4

25.6

24.0

24.3

23.2

27.7

20.1

26.5

24.7

28.6

26.9

23.6

~

whit e.. .. .. ........ ....

Slack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic ragion

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

south . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of placa of residance

Urbanizedareasl . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othararaas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8elowaveragagain . . . . . . . . . . .

Avaragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Abovaavaragegain . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family incom~

Lessthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,00Q-6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rm0ra . . . . . . . . . . . .

Standard error of percent

0.79 !511--0.66 I 0.93 0.96 0.70 0.49 0.90

,

Total, 0.82 I 1.061 12-17 years of age . . . . . .

I pop”r~tio” Of 25,800 Or mOre

58
Table32i Percent distrlbutionsof paired rewonses concerning clothes, monev, friends, andhours ofyouths bymteWry ofagreement btiwwnyouths l2-l7vear$

ofageand parents, according toselected characteriSics related toemotional development of thevouth: United States, 19E&70

Wetted characteristics

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Badwettlng

Youths rsported as wetting bad

Inpaxyeer . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otharyouths . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Attituda toward sating

Notfussyatall. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allttlsfussy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryfussy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of insomnia

Ncvw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only fromtimetotime. . . . . . . . .

Veryoften . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fraquency of bad dreams

Nave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlvfrom timetotime. . . . . . . . .

Quitafraquently . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sleepwalked in past year

No, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sdf.reported nervousness

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rarely, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

sometimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Choosing clothes I

Spending money SaIecticgfriends I

Oaciding on hours

fouth Same Parent Youth Same Parent Youth Same Parant

eports reports reports rep-arts reports reports %::s ;;”t ‘arent

amount amount amount

reports

more of indei“Xj~”- i#&- :;::;;e “e d:; ;:::;;e “e d:: :“:::;e “e $::en- pendance deuce indepen- indepen- indepen. indepan- independence dence dence

22.1 60.3 17.6

25.9 55.2

18.3 65.4

25.9 52.6

22.0 60.6

21.8 59.8

22.2 60.9

23.8 59.5

22.2 59.5

21.6 61.4

26.0 59.3

22.5 60.5

21.4 60.2

26.6 59.2

22.1 60.5

23.4 57.6

24.6 54.3

22.1 63.0

20.9 60.6

22.0 61.2

16.9

16.3

21.5

17.4

18.4

16.9

16.7

16.3

17.1

14,6

17.0

16.4

13.9

17.5

19,0

21.1

14.8

18.5

16.6

r

24.8 54.5 20.6

28.4 51.1

21.1 58.1

26.3

24.8

24.6

25.2

23.6

26.1

23.5

23.2

25.1

24.2

28.2

24.6

28.0

26.6

24.2

23.8

26.7

48.3

54.8

54.8

53.6

58<3

52.5

56.8

55.8

55.1

54.4

47.5

55.1

44.9

50.2

55.8

56.0

53.2

20.5

20.6

25.4

20.5

20.6

21.2

17.9

21.4

19.7

20.8

19.8

21.4

24.3

20.2

27.1

23.0

19.9

20.1

20.1 —

39.0

34.5

35.6

34.7.

29.4

34.5

34.7

37.3

34.6

34.4

39.1

34.7

35.5

36.0

35.3

33.6

34.3

35.1

47.2

46.4

45.9

52.6

45.9

48.0

42.2

46.7

48.8

42.9

46.6

43.6

43.2

46.2

47.2

457

18.0

18.2

25.9

18.3

18.0

19.4

18.1

19.6

17.3

20.5

18.5

18.8

18.o

18.5

20.9

20.8

16,6

19.2

20.0 —

15.1 I 81.01 239

16.1

14.1

14.4

15.2

16.8

14.2

16.5

15.3

14.6

15.6

14.9

15.2

16.3

14.9

18.6

13.8

15.4

14.8

18.6

56.9

63.C

59.3

61.1

59,5

61.3

68.2

61.3

60.7

61.7

60.1

61.1

61.2

57.6

83.4

60.7

60.9

55.7

25.0

22.9

26.3

23.8

24.8

24.5

15.3

23.4

24.6

23.5

23.3

24.7

22.6

23.9

23.7

22.8

23.8

24.2

25.7 —

59
Table 33. Percent distributions ofpaired rewonsesconcerning clothes, money, friends, andhours ofyouths bvmtWry ofagreement bwwnvouths l2-l7vears

ofaaeand . Darents. . according toselected characterisics relat&to social demlopment of the youth: Unitad States, 1966-70

t

%Iected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Wasquite happy . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasalittleupset . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasquitaupeat . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset,became sick . . . . . . .

Don’tramember . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justalittle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of meala eaten with family

Tvmormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlyone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimas wasawayfrom

homaatleast2months

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethanonce . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimes youth ran

away from home

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethanonce . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of smokinq

Never smoked regularly. . . . . . . .

Don’tsmokenow . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoka less than one-half pack

perday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke one-half, but less than 1

packperday . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smokel or more packs

perday, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,

Choosing clothas

I

8pending monay

fouth Same Parent Youth Same Parent

eports amount re~rts reports amount reports

more of inde- more more of inde- more

)depen- de”ce pendence indepan- indepen- dence pendence indepen.

dence dence

1

22.1

25.9

1S.3

21,8

24.3

21.1

10,6

22.6

21.2

23.1

24.7

24.4

22.5

21,5

23.2

22.1

22.1

22.9

21.s

24.9

25.3

22.5

24,4

29.4

34.6

20.71

60.3

55.2

65.4

61.0

57.4

60.5

61.0

5s.7

61.6

59.7

55.0

56.7

5B.9

62.3

65.4

60.4

56.5

61.9

60.6

5B.O

56.0

60.6

57.4

57.1

48.9

61.3

17.6

1s.9

16.3

17.3

18.3

18.4

2s.2

1S.8

17.2

17.2

20.3

16.8

18.6

16.2

11.4

17.6

19.3

15.2

17.6

17.1

16.7

16.9

16.2

13.5

16.5

18.0

28.4

21.1

24.3

27.8

26.5

18.0

23.9

25.5

24.6

20.7

27.2

26.2

22.9

16,B

24.7

26.3

24.0

25.0

23.6

21.1

24. 7

27. 6

29. 4

21. 5

51.1

58.1

55.0

51.5

53.1

57.1

56.2

54.7

54.0

56.6

47.6

52.6

57.3

65.7

54.3

55.0

57.1

54.4

5B.O

52.1

56.5

51.3

53.3

65.3

SeIactirsg friends

Youth Same Parent

reports amount reports

more of inde- . ‘re

i“:e’ya” “ pendence mdapen

dence

Parcent distribution

1

20.6

20.5

20.8

20.7

20.7

20.4

24.9

19.9

19.6

21,6

22.6

25.2

21.2

19.B

17.5

20.9

16.7

18.9

20.6

18.4

26,8

18.8

21.1

17,3

13.3

22.1

-

37.9

31.5

35.5

34.5

29.1

28.1

30.1

35.5

34.5

32.6

27.9

35.4

34.1

23.2

35.3

32.4

30.6

34.5

37.7

33.7

33.7

36.3

34.7

35.4

43.1

50.3

46.4

46.7

47.4

48.2

48.6

47.3

45.2

46.6

47.6

45.5

48.2

53.9

46.0

46.4

51.8

46.9

44.3

42.9

46.4

47.4

43.7

47.1

4-.s

16.6

19.0

18.2

16.1

16,9

23.5

23.7

21.1

17.2

20.3

20.4

24.5

19.2

17.7

22.6

18.6

19.3

17.6

18.5

17.9

23.3

19.9

16.3

21.6

17.5

_ELl

Oaciding on hours

I

reports

more

, indepen.

dence

I I

16.1

14.1

14.6

16.8

18.0

19.0

16.0

14.9

14.6

17.2

20.3

15.2

15.1

14.4

14.4

15.6

22.2

14.6

19. 6

21.8

13. 5

16. 5

17. 7

17. 8

56.9

63.0

61.0

60.0

56,3

53.6

64.6

60.7

61.6

6105

55.0

60.1

61.6

77.0

61.2

61.8

56.1

61.6

55.9

53.0

62.2

59.8

58.1

59.3

21.61 64.3

23.9

25,0

22.9

24.4

23.2

25.7

27.6

19.4

24.4

23.7

21,3

24.7

24.8

23.1

8.6

24.4

22.5

19.7

23.8

24.6

25.2

24.3

23.7

24.3

22.9

13,6

60
Table 34. Percmst distribution andstandard error of percent ofyouths 12-17b'ears ofagcby parent' srctingof the importance of specified awalitiesof personality.

Personal or social values and sax

All youths, 12-17 years

To ba considerate of others . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To bedapendable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobavthe law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobeyone’sparents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tohaveself-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To fmelife’sproblemscalmly. . . . . . . . . . . .

ToknowhowtO kaepinWodhealth . . . . . . . . .

Tobaneatandclaan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobehappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobaambltious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobaabletodefendcmeself. ., . . . . . . . . . . .

Males

Tobecorssiderateofothers . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobedepandable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tocrl.wvthalaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobevone’spcrants, .,... . . . . . . . . . . .

Tohaveself-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To face llfa’sproblemscalmlv. . . . . . . . . . , . .

Toknowhowto keeplngoodhealth . . . . , . , . .

Tobaneatandclean, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobehappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobeambitious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobaabletodefandoneaclf, ,. . . . . . . . . . . .

Females

Tobeconslderateofothers , . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobedependable .,, .,..... . . . . . . . . . .

Toobavthelaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toobavone’sparents, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tohavesalf-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To facalife’sproblamscalmlv. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Toknrswhowto keepingoodhealth . . . . . . . , .

Tobaneatandclean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobehappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobaambitious . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tobeabletodefendonesclf . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

according to =x: United States, 1986-70

Ext remelv

important

58.8

65.5

76.3

60.6

58.0

45.9

60.3

60.3

64.8

40.1

30.6

57.2

84.4

77.3

58.7

57.2

44.3

56.2

54.6

52.0

40.6

30.2

60.1

66.6

75.3

62.5

56.9

47.6

62.4

66.3

57.6

39.3

30.9

Percent of youths

Important

40.7

33.6

23.2

38.8

41.3

52.5

39.1

39.0

44.1

55.6

62.1

42.3

34.9

22.4

40.7

42.2

54.1

41.2

44.9

46.9

55.4

63.3

39.1

32.3

23.9

36.9

40.3

50.9

36.9

33.0

41.2

55.8

61.0

Slightly

important

0.4

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.6

1.4

0.5

0.5

1.1

3.8

6.9

0.4

0.4

0.2

0.6

0.5

1.4

0.5

0,5

1.1

3.3

6.2

0.5

0.9

0.7

0,4

0.6

1.4

0.5

0.5

1.1

4.2

7.6

Unimportant

0.2

0.3

. . .

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.3

!..

. . .

0.1

0,3

0.1

. . .

. . .

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.3

. . .

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.7

0.6

Extremelv

important

0.90

0.89

0.97

0.92

0.87

0.65

0.59

0.90

1.17

0.85

0.96

0.84

0.97

0.83

1.40

0.92

1.01

0.95

1.33

1.30

1.08

1.25

1.26

1.17

1.35

0.77

1.24

1.14

0.87

0.88

1.31

1.12

1.04

Standard error of percent

Important

0.80

0.78

0.66

0.91

0.60

0.65

0.54

0.66

1.04

0.88

1.01

0.90

0.92

0.79

1.37

0.89

1.01

0.96

1.26

1.20

0.95

1.35

1.19

1.06

1.23

0.79

1.15

1.15

0.83

0.66

1.24

1.23

1.17

Slightlv

important

0.14

0.14

0.33

0.C9

0.10

0.20

0.12

0.12

0.20

0.30

0.53

0.13

0.12

0.15

0.14

0.13

0.25

0.13

0.12

0.24

0.44

0.77

0.19

0.19

0.51

0.12

0.15

0.23

0.18

0.14

0.22

0.30

0.45

Unimportant

0.10

0.14

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.08

0.04

0.05

0.04

0.21

0.09

0.11

0.19

0.02

0.03

0.06

0.16

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.21

0.09

0.12

0.10

0.03

0.07

0.08

0.07

0.C9

0.08

0.06

0.25

0.16

61
Table 35. percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality bycat.goryof

agreement lnztween youths 12-17 years ofagaand ~arents, according towlatied demographic charatieritiics, and~andard error of

percentbysax: United States, 18&-70 - “ -

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 yaarsofaga . . . .

—Sex

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

—Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

Whita . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Typa of placa of residence

Urbanizedereasl . . ., . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rateofpopulation chenga

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baloweveragagain . . . , . , . . .

Avaraga gain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragagain . . . . . , . . .

Annual family income

Lassthan$3,000 . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. ..0

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. ..$

. . . .

. . . .

.,..

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

,...

,...

$5,000-6,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000- 14,988 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000r tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17yearsofaga . . . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘ Population of 25,000 or more

To be considerate of others

Mora

important to

youth

Same

importance

More

important to

parent

17.6

16.9

18.2

16.4

16.4

17.0

16.7

19.3

20.0

17.6

17.6

10.4

18.7

17.0

16.4

18.3

16,9

18.2

17.2

18.9

14.7

19.2

16.2

17.2

17.9

16.5

17.9

19.8

55.6

52,9

58.3

50,8

55.1

56.8

56.8

56.6

57.8

56.5

49.2

62.8

53.5

56.8

55.7

55.9

55,3

55.9

55.5

55.1

56.6

55.1

51.9

53.8

55.9

57.0

56.8

55.8

26.9

30.2

23.5

32.8

28.5

26.2

26.5

24.1

22.2

25.9

33.2

26.9

27.8

26.3

27.9

25.8

27.9

25.9

27.3

26.0

28.6

25.7

31.9

29.0

26.2

26.4

25.3

24.4

To be dependable IToobaythelaw

More Same More IllMore Same More

impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- important to tance tent to tant to tanca tant to

youth parent youth parent

Parcent distribution

17.5

18.6

16.3

16.5

17.2

16.8

16,4

18.0

20.2

17.1

20.1

11.8

17.8

18.9

17.3

15.7

17.6

17.4

16.3

19.2

14.6

19.5

18.9

18.3

17.0

15.7

18.0

16.8

Standal

57.6

56.1

59.1

53.8

55.7

58.3

58.0

62.1

58.3

58.6

50.9

63.2

55.5

58.2

55.1

61.0

57.2

58,0

57.9

57.3

57.3

57.9

54.1

54.4

58.6

58.7

59.4

60.2

24.9

25.3

24.6

29.7

27.1

24.8

25.6

19.9

21.6

24.3

29.0

25.1

26,7

22.8

27.6

23.3

25.3

24.6

25.7

23.6

28.2

22.6

27.0

27.3

24.5

25.5

22.6

23.0

errorofparcent

15.1

14,4

15.9

18,8

15.0

15.5

13.8

13.8

13.5

15,0

16.3

8.9

14.6

14.0

15,6

16.4

14.0

16.2

15.5

15.4

13.3

16.2

15,3

15.4

15.3

15.9

13.1

14.7

65.2

62.8

67.6

67.6

69.8

65.4

65.8

61.9

59.7

65.6

62.0

73.6

65.2

65,9

63.7

65.7

64.9

65.5

66.8

65.7

66.7

62.0

63.7

64.6

66.9

66.0

66.9

60.0

19.7

22,8

16.4

13.6

15.2

19.1

20.3

24.2

26.8

19.4

21.6

17.6

20.2

20.1

20,6

17.9

21.1

18.3

17.7

18.9

20.1

21.7

21.0

20.0

17.8

18,0

20,0

25.3

0.54 0.51 0.44 0.70 0.71 0.59 0.80 0.79 0.66

0.64 0.65 0.55 0.90 0.93 0.77

0.79

0.77 0.88

0.88 0.59

0.76

0.79 0.85 0.84 1.06 1.17 0’61

62
.

Table 35. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance fo specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of ageandparents, according toselected demographic characteristics, andstendard error of

percent by sex: United States, 1966-70–Con.

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Sex

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years a m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.,.

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanized areasl .,...... . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain ., . .,,,..... . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000 .,....... . . . . .

$3,000-4,889 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000 -6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000- 14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Totel,12-17yearsofage. . . . . . . .

Boys, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lPopulation of 25,000 ormore

To obey one’s perents

E

22.5

23.4

21.7

27.8

24.0

23.4

21.1

18.9

19.1

23.0

20.0

15.8

21,4

23.8

21.5

23.1

20.9

24.1

22.7

22.1

20.3

24.7

16.1

20.9

23.6

23.3

22.0

27.1

59.0

57.2

60.9

60.0

61.1

57.3

59.8

50.1

55.5

58.4

63.0

61.1

50.3

58.2

59.3

58.7

59.8

58.3

58.0

60.3

61.0

57.1

64.1

60.5

59.8

58.3

58.3

54.5

18.4

19.4

17.4

12.1

14.9

19.3

19.1

21.0

25.4

18.6

17.1

23.1

18.3

18.1

19.2

18.2

19.3

17.6

19.3

17.6

18.7

18.2

19.8

18.6

16.5

18.4

19.B

18.3

To have self-control

I

To fete life’s problems

calmly

More Same More I

More Same More

impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- important to tance tant to tant to tance tant to

youth parent youth parent

Percent distribution

23.8

25.1

22.5

23.1

22.3

22.8

23.5

25.9

25.7

24.0

22.6

19.6

23.6

24.7

23.2

23.6

23.2

24.5

23.4

23.8

22,2

25.8

19.9

25.5

23.4

23.5

22.5

29.2

55.8

53.4

58.3

53.7

56.9

56.7

55.4

57.4

54.7

56.6

50.3

59.5

55.5

56.8

53.4

57.1

56.4

55.2

54.4

56.5

57.4

55.0

55.3

51.9

55.1

58.0

59.0

54.6

20.4

21.5

19.2

23.2

20.8

20.5

21.1

16.7

19.6

19.4

27.0

20.9

20.9

18.5

23.4

19.3

20.5

20.3

22.2

19.7

20.4

?9.3

24.8

22.6

21.6

18.6

18.6

16.2

22.7

23.6

21 .E

23.5

23.8

21.9

22.3

20.7

23.9

22.8

22.3

12.5

21.7

24.8

22.1

21.6

22.3

23.1

23.0

20.5

23.2

23.9

19.3

24.6

21.9

22.7

23.0

24.3

51.8

50.3

53.5

48.9

50.2

53.0

50.0

54.5

51.8

52.1

49.3

68.5

51.7

51.2

52.8

51.8

51.9

51.8

50.7

53.6

52.4

50.7

52.6

48.2

53.2

53.0

51.1

52.3

25.5

26.1

24.8

27.6

26.0

25.1

24.7

24.8

24.3

25.1

28.4

19.0

26.5

24.0

25.1

26.6

25.8

25.1

26.3

25.9

24.3

25.4

28.1

27.2

24.9

24.2

25.9

23.4

Stendard error of percent

0.67 0.70 0.56 0.70 0.66 0.50 0.58 0.73 0.62

0.84 0.98 1.00 0.75 0.76 0.78 0.72 0.89 0.76

0.82 0.95 0.70 1.22 1.24 0.64 0.73 0.89 0.95

63
-..

Table 35. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected demographic characteristics, andstandard error of

percent by sex: United States, 1966-70–Con.

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . .

Sex

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Age

12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,

16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,

17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanized areas’ . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaveragegain . . . . . . . . .

Averagegain . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaveragegain . . , , , , . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan$3,000. . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000 -4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,000 -6,999 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000 -9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000rmore . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls .,.,....,.,,,,,,.

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

.,,.

. ..0

. . . .

.,,.

. . . .

.,..

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

..,.

. . . .

,..,

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

-

Toknowhowto keep

in good health

More Same More

,mpor- impor- important to tance tant to

youth parent

I I

23.0

24.3

21.6

28.5

23.5

22.4

20.8

20,4

21.6

23.6

19,1

22.B

22.4

25.1

21.9

22.1

21.7

24.2

23.4

22.4

21.1

24.8

19.5

21.7

24.8

24.1

22,1

25.3

57.0

55.2

58.9

54.1

57.9

57.0

58.6

58.1

56.6

56.2

62.3

62.5

56.1

54.8

59.3

58.2

57.8

56.3

57.4

57.2

58.3

55.4

61.8

59.5

57.4

56.4

57.7

49.5

20.0

20.5

19.5

17.4

18.6

20.6

20.5

21.4

21.8

20,2

18.5

14.7

21.5

20.1

lB.7

19.7

20.5

19.5

19.2

20.4

20.6

19.8

18.7

18.7

17.8

19.5

20.2

25.2

To be neat and clean

I 1

More Same More

impor- impor- important to tance tant to

youth parent

1 1

Percent distribution

23.0

25.0

21.1

21.6

22.9

24.6

22.2

23.8

23.2

24.0

16,4

28.2

21.6

25.7

20.5

23.5

22.7

23.4

20.4

22.4

22.2

26.7

15.9

20.0

24.0

23.4

24.2

29.4

61.2

56.2

66.4

60.4

60.0

60.6

63.0

61.5

62.0

60.6

65.2

68.8

63.3

58.7

62.5

61.2

80.6

61.9

84.0

62.1

61.0

58.3

84.9

63.0

61.5

80.7

61.8

56.0

15.7

18.8

12.5

18.0

17.1

14.7

14.7

14.6

14.8

15.4

18.4

3.1

15.1

15.5

17.0

15.3

16.7

14.8

15.7

15.6

16.B

15,0

19.2

17.0

14.5

15.9

13,9

14.6

To be happy

More

important to

youth

Same More

impor- importance tant to

parent

20.2

19.8

20.5

16,4

18.1

18.4

21.6

22.3

25.1

20.8

16.7

3.0

19.4

23.6

18,1

19.0

20.2

20.1

17.4

19.2

IB.9

24.5

14.1

18.3

21.0

lB.3

21.7

28.1

51.9

49.2

54.6

47.6

49.0

51.5

64.2

55.7

64,0

52.6

46.6

65.8

51.6

49.8

51.8

54.5

51.5

52.2

52.8

52.1

51.6

51.2

50.2

49.9

50.1

52.6

55,2

52.0

28.0

31.0

24.9

36,1

32.9

30.1

24.2

22.0

20,9

26,6

36.7

31.2

29.0

26.7

30.1

26.5

28.3

27.6

29.8

28.7

29.5

24.3

35.7

31.8

28.9

29.1

23.1

19.9

Standard arror of percent

0.57 0.67 0.68 0.81 0.58 0.47 0.90 0.40 0.79

0.60 0.70 0.74 1.04 0.72 0.56 0.87 0,76 1.18

0.89 0.98 1.01 0.84 0,84 0.61 1,12 0.97 0.77

lPopulation of 25,000 ormore

64
-%.

Table 35. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according toselected demographic characteristics, andstandard error of

percent by sex: United States, 1966-70–Con.

Demographic characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age..... . . . . . . . .

Boys ..,,.,...

Girls .,..,....

12 years, . . . . . .

13 years, . . . . . .

14 years, . . . . . .

15years, . . . . . .

16yaars ..,,...

17 years ..,,...

White, . . . . . . . .

Black .,,......

Other ...,,,...

Northeast, . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . .

South .,,.,...,

West . . . . . . . . .

Urbanized areas’ . .

Other areas , . , , . .

Loss . . . . . . . . . .

Below average gain ,

Average gain . . . . .

Above average gain .

Less than $3,000 . .

$3,000 -4,999 . . . .

$5,000 -6,889 . . . .

$7*OW -9,999 . . . .

$10,000-14,999

$15,000 or more, :1

—Sex

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,

Age —

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

,. .,,,, . . . . . . . . . .

Total, 12-17 yaarsof age..... . . . . . . . .

Boys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Girls .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, ..,.

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

.. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

To be ambitious

To be able to defend

oneself

More

Same

More More

Same

More

impor- impor- impor- important to impor- tant to tant to importance

tant to

youth parent youth tance parent

Percent distribution

18.4

19.9

16.9

16.7

16.1

19.1

20.6

18.0

20.6

18.8

15.9

24.2

17.2

18.3

19.7

18.5

18.8

18.1

18.2

17.2

17.2

20.9

18.3

15.8

16.8

17.1

21.1

23,5

50.7

47.4

54.0

46.6

50.6

49.8

52.2

54.2

51.2

51.5

45.0

49.9

52.0

51.1

47.9

51.6

49.6

51.8

50.3

52.1

51.1

49.4

45.5

51.5

51.4

53.5

49.0

52.2

sl_.

30.9

32.7

29.0

36.7

33.4

31.1

27.2

27.9

28.2

28.7

39.1

26.0

30.8

30.6

32.4

29.8

31.6

30.2

31.5

30.8

31.8

29.6

36.2

32.7

31.8

28.4

29.9

24.3

21.7

23.5

19.9

24.9

23.2

22.3

19.6

20.3

19.4

21.7

21.8

20.1

19.8

22.7

21.7

22.2

21.4

22.1

20.8

19.8

21.9

24.1

20.4

21.4

19.9

23.3

22.2

21.6

}dard error of perce

52.0

50.1

54.0

48.0

50.9

51.9

55.0

53.9

52.9

52.2

50.3

56.3

52.9

51.2

50.6

53.6

52.5

51.5

53.2

54.2

51.4

49.6

49.8

53.6

51.9

52.8

54.3

51.2

t

26.3

0.59 I 0.73 0.75 I 0.52 0.59

0.83 0.92 0.87 ! 0.68 0.63 0.54

26.4

26.1

27.1

26.0

25.8

25.4

25.8

27.6

26.0

27.9

23.6

27.3

26.2

27.7

24.2

26.1

26.4

26.0

26.1

26.7

26.3

29.8

25.0

28.3

24.0

23.5

27.1

0.46

0.70 1.11 I0.95 I 0.70 0.99 I0.82

1Population of 25,000 or more

65
“’---

Table 36. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to health status and selected characteristics associated with

social deveioDment of tha vouth: United States. 1966-70

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . . .

self-reported health status

Excellent, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on weight

Aboutright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nursery school

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did not attend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kinderctarten

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did not attend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Wasquitehappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasalittle upset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasquiteupset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset,became sick . . . . . . . . . .

Don’tremember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ease in making friends

Easily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasalittletrouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasalotoftrouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amountoftrouble tobringup

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To be considerate of others I

To be dependable I To obey the law

More Same More More Same More More Same More

impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- important to tance tant to tant to tance tant to tant to tant to

youth parent youth tance Wrent youth parent

Percent distribution

17.6

17.7

17.4

17.5

18.3

20.1

17.8

17.0

16.8

18.0

17.5

17.2

18.2

17.3

18.7

16.3

9.9

19,1

16.9

20.9

17.0

16.7

18.1

21.2

14.2

55.6

56.4

56.8

52.2

56.5

51.2

55.1

55.5

56.9

58.1

55.3

56.5

53.7

55.5

55.2

56.6

69.5

56.1

56,3

52.1

52.7

56.3

54.3

55.1

54.0

26.9

24.0

25.7

30.3

25.3

28.7

27.2

27.5

24.3

23.9

27.2

26,3

28.1

27.3

26.1

27.1

20.6

24.8

26.8

27.0

30.3

27.0

27.5

23.8

31.8

17.5

16.2

18.3

17.2

20.3

26.0

17.8

16.7

15.9

16.8

17.5

16.8

18.8

16.7

20.1

17.0

12.0

20.8

17.5

17.3

16.6

17.1

17.0

19.9

16.3

57.6

61.8

57.0

55.2

56.2

56.1

56.9

60.9

60.4

58.1

57.6

58.4

55.9

58.3

54.0

59.8

66.5

55.1

57.8

56.8

56.1

58.0

56.6

58.5

57.5

24.9

22.0

24.7

27.6

23.6

17.8

25.4

22.4

23.7

25.0

24.9

24.8

25.3

25.0

25.8

23.2

21.5

24.1

24.7

25.9

27.3

24.9

26.4

21.6

26.1

15.1

13.0

14.7

16.0

24.6

17.2

15.0

16.0

15.1

15.4

15.1

14.7

16.1

14.6

15.9

16.6

10.0

19.4

14.4

16.7

17.0

14.5

16.8

14.9

9.2

65.2

69.1

65.3

63.6

53.6

59.6

64.8

66.6

66.8

64.3

65.3

65.6

64.!5

66.1

63.3

60.7

50.7

62,4

66.3

60.2

61,4

66.7

61.8

65.7

65.5

19.7

17.9

19.9

20,4

21.8

23.2

20.1

17.4

16,1

20.3

19.6

19.6

19.5

19.3

20.9

22.7

39,2

18.2

19.4

21.1

21.6

18.8

21.3

19.3

25.2

66
Table 36. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

egreement between youths 12-17 yaars of age and parents, according to health status and selected characteristics associated with

soclaldavelopment of the youth: United States, 1966-70-Con.

To obey one’s parents To have self-control To face life’s problems

calmly

Selected characteristic More Same

More More

Same More More More

impor- impor- impor- Same imporimporimpor- impor- important to tant to tant to tant to tant to importance tance tant to

youth parent youth parent youth tance parent

Percent distribution

Totel, 12-17 yeersof age. . . . . . . .

Salf-raported health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . .. m..... . .

Good, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on weight

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Undarwaight, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overweight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nursery school

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Didnotattand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kindergarten

Attended, .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did notattend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Wasquite happy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasalittleupsat . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasquite upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset,becamasick . . . . . . . . .

Don’tremember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ease in making friends

Easily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasallttletrouble . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hesalotoftrouble e........ . . . .

Amount oftrouble to bringup

None ... . ..m. m.. $..m..$ ..O

Justalittla. .

some.,...:::::::::::: ::::

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22.5

22.8

22.4

22.0

24.6

27.1

22.2

25,5

22.9

22.7

22.5

22.6

22.4

21.8

24.9

23.9

23.9

24.3

21.9

26.1

17.6

21.9

23.1

24.3

17.4

59.C

61.3

58.8

5s.2

55.3

50.1

58.5

56.3

64.2

58.4

59.1

58.7

59.9

80.0

:::

46.7

55.1

59.9

54.4

84.4

60.6

56.9

58.5

59.0

18.4

16.0

18.7

19.8

20.1

22.8

19.3

18.2

12.9

19.0

18.4

18.8

17.7

18.2

18.2

19.6

29.4

20.6

18.2

19.5

18.0

17.5

20.0

19.1

23.6

23.8

23.6

24.1

23.9

22.1

28.4

23.9

23.1

23.8

25.9

23,6

23,5

24.4

23.7

24.8

28.7

8.5

22.2

23.6

24.4

30.7

23.0

25.1

26.9

19.2

55.8

56.7

57.3

53.7

54.8

50.8

55.4

58.4

57.0

57.5

55.6

57.1

53,2

58.4

55.1

49.2

60.9

52.8

55.6

57.3

48,0

56.4

55.3

52.9

56.8

20.4

19.6

18.6

22.3

23.2

20.7

20.7

18.5

19.2

16.7

20.8

19.4

22.4

19.8

20.1

22.1

30.6

25.0

20.8

18.3

23.3

20.6

19.6

20.2

24.0

22.7

23.4

24.0

21.1

21.3

15.5

22.8

23.8

21.5

23.2

22,6

22.1

24.0

22.7

22.9

18.8

6.3

25.2

22.6

23.9

12.6

21.4

25.3

24.3

17.8

51.8

53.1

51.1

51.4

52.0

58.0

52.0

45.9

54.1

52.4

51.8

52.3

51.0

51.9

52.7

48.6

62.5

50.4

52,0

51.2

52.6

53.6

48.5

50.7

51.7

25.5

23.5

24.8

27.5

26.7

26.5

25.2

30.2

24.4

24.5

25.6

25.6

25.1

25.4

24.5

32.6

31.2

24.4

25.5

24.9

34.8

25.0

26.2

25.0

30.5

67
Table 36. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualties of personality by category of

aareement between vouths 12-17 vears of aae and Darents, accordina to health status and selected characteristics associated with

s;cialdevelopment of theyouth: United Sta;es,19&-70–Con. -

Salected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age. . . . . . . . . .

Self.reported health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good

Fair.:~Il:Jl;:~J;IJl~ lj~j:

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on weight

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nursery school

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Didnotattend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kindergarten

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did notattend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Wasquite happy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasa little upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasquite upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset, became sick . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ease in making friends

Easily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasalittletrouble .. O.. C-.,,..,

Hasalotoftrouble . . . . . ..o . ...,

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To know how to keep

in good health

m

23.0

23.6

22.8

22.7

21.1

25.7

23.4

20.1

21.8

22.1

23.1

23.2

22.6

22.6

24.4

20.1

17.8

25.1

22,6

25.0

14.1

22.1

23.5

27.0

16.9

57.0

59.4

56.4

55.9

57.2

58.8

56.7

58.8

58.4

56.8

57.1

58.5

58.1

56.9

58.1

59.9

51.1

55.1

57.5

54.4

65.1

5s.0

56.1

54.9

57.3

20.0

17.0

20.8

21.4

21.7

15.5

19.9

21.1

19.8

21.1

19.9

20.3

19.4

20.4

17.5

20.0

31.1

19.8

19,9

20.6

20.8

19.9

20.5

18.1

25.8

To be neat and clean

More Sama More

impor- impor- important to tance tant to

youth parent

I 1

Percent distribution

23.0

22.7

26.1

20.6

21.3

20.8

23.4

21.7

21.8

24.1

22.8

23.9

21.2

23.0

23.6

28.4

9.7

21.8

22.4

26.5

18.7

23.1

22.4

24.3

23.3

61.2

62.6

60.0

61.4

61.7

57.4

60.8

61.5

63.7

61.2

61.3

80.4

63.0

61.4

60.7

55.2

84.5

62.7

61.9

58.1

55.7

61.5

60.8

61.4

55.9

15.7

14.7

13.9

18.1

17.0

21.8

15.8

16.8

14.5

14.7

15.8

15.7

15.8

15.6

15.7

16.4

25.8

15.5

15.7

15.5

25.6

15.4

16,8

14.3

20.7

To ba happy

20.2

21.8

21.5

17.1

24.6

18.1

20.7

21.2

16.0

22.8

19,9

20.6

19.3

19.9

m.1

27.8

10.1

m.7

19.7

22.4

14.4

18.5

22.8

25.1

11.1

51.9

52.9

52.9

50.9

45.0

49.5

51.4

50.4

55.7

53.3

51.8

52.3

51.1

52.9

49.9

47.0

49.9

46.9

52.0

51.9

41.5

53.5

49.4

49.7

49.4

28.0

25,2

25.6

31.9

30.4

32.4

27.9

28.4

28.3

23.9

28.3

27.1

29.6

27.2

30.0

25.2

40.0

32.4

28.2

25.7

44.1

28.1

27.8

25.3

39.5

68
Table 36. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to health status and selected characteristics associated with

social development of the youth: United States, 1988-70-Con.

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-reported health status

Excellent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Verygood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Good . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on weight

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nursery school

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did notattend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kindergarten

Attended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Did notattend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial reaction to first grade

Wasquitehappy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasalittleupset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wasquite upset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wassoupset, becamesick . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’t remember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ease in making friends

Easily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasalittletroubla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hasalotoftrouble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

,...,. . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of trouble to bring up

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Justa little . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To be ambitious

I

To be able to defend

oneself

More Same

More I

More

Same More

impor- impor- impor- important to impor- tant to tant to importance

tant to

youth parent youth tance parent

18.4

19.3

20.0

16.3

17.3

30.6

18.7

19.0

16.5

22.8

18.0

18.5

18.3

18.2

18.2

22.0

1.8

21.0

18.3

18.9

16.9

17.1

19.3

21.9

17.0

50.7

51.2

51.8

50.0

46.1

38.4

50.7

48.9

51.8

50.9

50.7

51.3

49.3

50.6

52.4

47.8

69.0

47.0

50.9

50.4

40.8

51.4

51.0

48.6

45.8

Percent distribution

30.9

29.5

28.3

33.7

36.7

31.1

30.6

32.1

31.7

26.3

31.3

30.2

32.3

31.1

29.4

30.2

29.2

32.0

30.8

30.7

42.4

31.4

28.7

28.5

37.3

21.7

22.0

21.1

22.0

20.8

30.2

21.7

23.5

20.8

23.6

21.5

21.9

21.3

21.0

25.1

17.0

12.9

24.7

21.3

24.4

8.9

19.9

23.7

25.6

24.0

52.0

51.5

52.6

52.2

50,2

45.3

52.5

47.8

51.5

47.7

52.5

52.2

51.7

52.2

51.8

52.0

47.6

51.2

51.9

51.9

61.9

52.3

51.5

54.2

45.3

26.3

26.5

26.3

25.7

28.0

24.6

25.8

28.7

27.8

28.7

26.0

25.9

27.0

26.8

23.1

31.0

39.6

24.1

26.8

23.7

28.3

27.9

24.9

20.2

30.7

69
Table 37. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of perwnality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of ageandparents, according toselected characteritiics aswciated with independencaof the

youth: United Statas,1966-70

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Number of meals eaten with family

2ormora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Proportion of youth’s friends

parent knows well

Most ofthem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Half or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Almost none . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fraouencv of overnioht visits

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlyonceortwice . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quitea fewtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on receiving

ofallowanca

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earns money (those receiving

noallowence)

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. ,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimes youth ran

away from home

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of smoking

Neversmoked regularly. . . . . . . . . . .

Don’tsmoke now...... . . . . . . . .

Smoke less than one-half pack

perday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke one-half, but less than 1

pack per day, . . . . . . . . . . . ,,.

Smoke lormore packsperday. . . . . .

To beconaiderate of others I To be dependable I

To obey the law

More

importint to

youth

17.6

17,2

18.0

22.5

17.3

18.1

19.5

17.7

17.1

17.7

17.8

17.4

17.0

17.7

17.6

18,0

15.6

17.5

18.1

15.7

18.9

16.1

Same

importan ce

Selected characteristic

55.6

55.7

55.5

50.8

55.8

55.8

52.6

49.8

54.8

57.8

55.9

55.4

56.3

53.6

55.5

56.3

54.7

55.6

56.1

54.8

54.2

51.4

More

important to

parent

26.9

27.1

26.5

26.6

27.0

26.2

27.9

32.5

28.1

24.4

26.4

27.3

26.7

28,8

26.9

25.7

29.7

26.9

25.8

29.5

26.9

32.6

1

More Same

important to

importance

youth

More

important to

parent

Percent distribution

17.5

17.8

16.9

15.0

17.1

18.2

20.0

18.8

18.4

16.5

17.3

17.7

17.7

17.5

17.3

18,3

19,5

17.5

17.7

16.7

16.0

17.1

57.6

56.1

60.1

56.3

58.0

56.7

55.0

52.6

56.4

59.8

57.7

57.5

58.3

56,0

57.6

58,2

57.1

56.5

60.0

55.4

60.5

57.4

24.9

26.1

22.9

28.7

24.9

25.1

25.0

28.6

25.1

23.7

25.0

24.8

24.0

26,5

25.1

23.5

23.3

26.0

22.3

27.9

23.5

25.5

More

important to

youth

15.1

15.3

15.0

10.4

14.9

15.3

18.2

17.4

14.9

14.6

14.7

15.5

14.5

17.5

15.2

15.9

11.2

16.9

13.5

12.4

13.5

9.4

Same More

impor- importance tant to

parent

65.2

66.0

64.1

62.8

66.3

61.4

62.5

62.9

66.2

65.4

66.1

64.3

64.5

63.9

65.6

64.3

58.4

68.0

63.6

61.4

55.0

55.3

19.7

18.7

20.9

26.8

18.9

23.3

19.3

19.7

19.0

20.0

19.1

20.2

21.0

18,6

19.4

19,8

30.4

15.1

23.0

26,2

31.5

35.3

70
Table 37, Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of ~ersonalitv bv cetegoryof

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according towletied characteristics associated with independence of the

youth: United States, 1966 -70–Con.

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . , . . . . , ,

Number of meals eaten with family

2or more . ., .,, .,....... . . . .

Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Proportion of youth’s friends

parent knows well

Most of them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Halfor less . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..OO.

Almost none . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fraquency of overnight visits

Never, ,, ., ., ., ..,,.... . . . .

Onlyonceortwice . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quitea fewtimes ...,.... . . . . . .

Parent’s report on receiving

of allowance

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m..

Earns money (those receiving

no allowance

Yes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimes youth ran

away from home

Never, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,.O

Morethan once, ,,, ,,..., . . . . .

Amount of smoking

Neversmoked regularly. . . . . . . . . . .

Don’tsmoke now . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke less than one-half pack

perday ., . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke ona-half, but less than 1

packperday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke lormorepacks perday . . . . . .

1

To obey one’s parents I

To have self-control I

To face life’s problems

rnlmlv

More

Same

More More

Same

More More More

impor- impor- impor- impor- Same

impor- imporimpor- important to

tance

tant to tant to tant to tant to importancetant to

youth parent youth parent youth tance parent

22.5

22.3

22.7

26.5

22.9

20.2

24.3

20.3

21.4

23.7

22.7

22.4

23.3

20.8

22.6

23.5

17.8

24.5

21.0

18.5

20.7

16.2

59.0

60.5

56.9

53.0

59.5

58.6

54.5

59.6

59.6

58.6

59.5

58.6

57.5

60.2

59.7

53.8

51.0

60.9

57.6

57.2

55.2

49.3

18.4

17.2

20.3

20.5

17.6

21.2

21.2

20.1

18.9

17.7

17.7

19.1

19.2

19.0

17.7

22.7

31.2

14.6

21.5

24.3

24.2

34.5

Percant distribution

23.E

24.3

23.2

23.5

24.1

23.9

20.2

22.5

23.8

24.3

23.8

23.9

24.7

21.8

23.5

27.9

23.9

23.3

24.7

22.5

26.6

22.4

55.8

54.6

57.9

52.4

55.8

54.4

59.1

51.6

54.2

57.8

57.0

54.7

55.4

53.3

56.0

54.9

50.6

56.6

56.0

52.8

49.9

58.4

20.4

21.2

18.9

24.1

20.1

21.7

20.8

26.0

22.0

17.8

19.2

21.4

19.9

24.9

20.5

17.2

25.6

20.1

19.3

24.7

23.5

19.2

22.:

23.:

21 .i

25.[

22.4

24.2

22.2

21.0

23,4

22.9

23.7

21.7

22.2

20.9

22.6

23.6

23.2

22.7

21.9

22.3

25.5

28.0

51.8

50.5

54.1

50.3

52.0

51.1

51.3

49.7

50.9

53.0

51.7

51.9

53.0

49.5

52.2

50.5

45.0

51.9

53.0

49.9

51.2

43.6

25.5

26.3

24.2

23.9

25.6

24.8

26.4

29.3

25.7

24.1

24.5

26.3

24.9

29.6

25.3

25.8

31.8

25.4

25.1

27.8

23.3

28.3

71
.

Table 37. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by catagoryof

agreement between youths 12-17 years ofageand parents, according toselected characteristics associated with independence of the

youth: United States, 1966 -70–Con.

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . .

Number of meals eaten with family

2or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Proportion of youth’s friends

parent knows well

Most of them . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Halfor less, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aimost none . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of overnight visits

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlyonceortwice . . . . . . . . . . .

Quiteafewtimes, ,, ..,...., .

Parent’s report on receiving

of allowance

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.

Earns money (those receiving

no allowance)

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of times youth ran

away from home

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan once ...,..... . . . .

Amountofsmoking

Neversmoked regularly. . . . . . . , .

Don’tsmoke now . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke less than one-half pack

perday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke one-half, butlessthanl

packperday . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smokel ormorepacks per day . . . .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

. .

.

Toknow how to keep

in good health I

To be neat and clean

I

To be happy

More

Same

More More

Same More More

Same

More

impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- important to impor- tant to tant to

impor- tant to tant to importance tance

tant to

youth parent youth parent youth tance parent

Percent distribution

23.0

23.1

23.0

18.5

23.0

23.9

20.0

20.6

24.4

22.9

22.7

23.2

22.8

23.8

23.0

23.9

19.9

23.7

22.8

20.1

19.7

25.3

57.0

57.0

56.6

66.5

56.8

56.6

60.8

59.9

56.3

56.5

56.9

57.2

57.6

56.3

57.3

54.7

54,0

58.1

55.5

58.2

57.3

47.3

20.0

19.9

20.4

14.9

20.2

19.5

19,2

19.5

19.2

20.5

20.4

19.6

19.6

19.9

19.7

21.4

26.1

18.2

21.7

21.7

23.0

27.4

23.0

23.2

23.0

16.5

23.1

24.2

18.8

17.8

22.6

24.9

23.3

22.8

23.3

21.7

22.9

25.3

21.7

22.3

24.2

22.8

26.9

22.9

61.2

61.1

61.3

67.3

61.5

59.1

64.9

63.3

60.9

60.7

61.4

61.1

62.0

59.5

61.4

60.9

55.9

61.9

59.7

62.4

58.4

59.5

15.7

15.7

15.8

16.1

15.5

16.7

16.3

18.9

16.5

14.3

15.3

16.1

14.8

18.8

15.7

13.9

22.5

15.7

16.2

14.8

14.7

17.5

20.2

19,8

20.6

25.6

19.6

22.9

19.1

16,5

19,6

21.6

20.8

19.6

19.9

18.7

19.8

21.8

28.9

18.4

23.3

18.6

23.7

18.6

51.9

50.8

53.9

47.2

52.1

50.9

53.0

48.2

50.3

54.0

52.7

51,1

51.6

50,0

52.3

49.4

44.0

52.2

51.5

49.2

56.4

55.6

28.0

28.5

25.5

27.2

28.3

26.2

27.9

35.3

30.1

24.4

26.5

28.3

28.4

31.2

27.9

28.8

27.1

28.4

25.2

32.3

19.9

25.8

72
.

Table 37, Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by cetegoryof

agreement between youths 12-17 years of ageandparents, according towlected characteristic associated with independence of the

youth: United States, 1966-70-Con.

Selectad characteristic

Total, 12-17 years ofaga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of meals eaten with family

2ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None, ,, ., .,, .,,...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Proportion of youth’s friends

parent knows well

Mostofthem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Halfor less, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Almost none . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of overnight visits

Never, ,, . .,, ,,, .,,.., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlyonce ortwice. .m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quiteafewtimes, ,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on receiving

of al Iowance

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earns money (those receiving

no allowance)

Yes, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberoftimes youth ran

away from home

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Once, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan once . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount of smoking

Neversmoked regularly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Don’tsmoke now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke less than one-helf pack

perday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke one-half, but less than 1

packperday . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smoke lormore pecksperday. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To be ambitious

I

To be able to defend

oneself

More

Same

More More

Same

More

impor- impor- imporimporimportant to tant to tant to importance

tant to

youth parent youth tance parent

18.4

17.1

20.3

24.6

17.4

21.6

23.1

16.3

19.0

18.9

20.0

17.1

17.4

16.7

18.2

22.2

15.9

17.0

19.9

20.0

20.5

23.2

50.7

51.1

50.1

50.5

51.0

50.3

47.6

46.3

48.3

53.2

50.7

50.7

51.8

48.5

50.7

51.8

46.4

51.3

51.4

48.2

44.5

49.9

Percent distribution

30.9

31.8

29.7

25.0

31.6

28.1

28.2

37.4

32.7

27.9

29.3

32.3

30.8

34.8

31.1

26.1

37.6

31.7

28.7

31.9

35.0

26.9

21.7

20.9

23.0

21.5

21.5

23.3

20.2

21.9

21.2

21.9

21.2

22.2

22.7

21.3

21.4

22.1

29.5

20.3

23.6

22.9

21.5

24.5

52.0

52.4

51.7

46.9

52.0

52.4

50.8

50.0

51.8

52.8

52.7

51.4

52.1

50.5

52.1

54.1

42.0

52.3

51.9

52.4

51.8

51.5

26.3

26.7

25.3

31.5

26.5

24.3

29.1

28.1

27.0

25.3

26.1

26.4

25.2

28.2

26.4

23.7

28.6

27.4

24.5

24.7

26.7

24.0

73
Table 38. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected characteristics associated with emotional

development of theyouth: United States, 1966-70

To be considerate of others To be dependable To obey the law

Salected characteristic More Same More More Sama More Moresame

More

impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- impor- important to tance tant to tant to tance tant to tant to tance tant to

youth parent youth parent youth psrent

Total, 12-17 years ofaga. . . . . . . . . 17.6

Bedwetting

Youth reported as wetting bed in

past year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7

Other youths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.7

Frequency of insomnia

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,5

Only fromtime to time . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.5

Very often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.0

Frequency of bad dreams

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5

Only fromtimetotime . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.9

Quitefrequently . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3

Sleepwel ked in past year

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.4

self-reported nervousness

Namer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3

Rarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.0

Sometimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.1

Often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.0

Parent’s report on nervousness

Notnervousatall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.9

%mawhatn ervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2

Very nervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1

Hasvisitedmantal hospital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.1

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.5

Has been treated by psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1B.1

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.6

55.6

52.9

55.7

56.3

55.2

53.0

56.3

55.1

48.4

56.1

46.4

55.1

58.4

53.2

54.4

56.5

54.7

53.4

51.6

55.7

54.4

55.7

26.9

32.5

26.6

27.2

26.4

27.9

26.2

27.1

37.3

26.5

35.3

30.6

24.7

27.6

23.6

27.6

26.1

26.5

27.3

26.9

27.6

26,8

Percent distribution

17.5

17.8

17.4

17.5

17.2

18.1

17.8

16.9

20.2

17.5

15.4

17.8

15.5

18.1

22.B

16.5

18.5

17.6

22.8

17.3

1B.9

17.3

57.6

53.9

57.8

57.5

57.7

57.8

57.8

58,0

48.2

57.6

57.7

54.7

61.1

56.8

53.1

57.7

57.8

54.9

52.3

57.7

54.2

57.8

24.9

28.3

24.8

25,0

25.1

24.1

24.5

24.2

31.6

24.9

26.9

27.5

23.4

25.1

24.1

25.8

23.7

27.5

24.8

25.0

27.0

24.8

15.1

15.7

15.1

14,8

15.6

15.0

15.5

14.5

17.2

15.5

9.0

14.5

16.0

13.7

20,0

14.0

16.4

14.9

31.2

14.7

23.3

14.6

65.2

60.9

66.4

66.7

64.8

56.1

65.1

65.9

56.1

65.1

66.8

66.2

66.4

64.9

57.9

65.5

64,8

65.6

45.4

65.7

53.9

65.9

19,7

23.4

19.5

18.5

19,6

28.9

19,4

19,6

28.7

19.4

24.2

19.3

17,6

21.4

22.2

20.5

18,8

19,5

23.4

19.6

22.8

19.5

74
Table 38. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected characteristics associated with emotional

development of the youth: United States, 1966-70-Con.

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Bedwetting

Youth reported as wetting bed in

pasty ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other youths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of insomnia

Near . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only fromtime to time . . . . . . . . . . .

Very often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of bad dreams

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only fromtimetotime . . . . . . . . . . .

Quitefrequently . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sleepwalked in past year

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-reported nervousness

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimes O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on nervousness

Notnervousatall . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somewhatnervous . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very nervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hosDital

Yes ..,.,........,.. . . . . . .

No, ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has been treated by a psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

To obey one’s parents

I

To have self-control

To face life’s problems

calmly

More

More

More

impor- important to impor- tant to

youth tance parent

22.5

23.5

22.4

22.0

23.2

21.9

22.6

22.5

20.4

22.7

19.3

21.2

24.4

21.9

20.1

20.8

24.3

24.2

23.2

22.5

23.9

22,4

59.0

57.7

59.4

60.9

57.3

56.7

69.9

58.5

52.1

58.9

61.7

60.1

59.6

56.3

56.6

60.7

57.6

54.3

56.2

59.2

54.5

59.4

18.4

18.9

18.2

17.1

19.5

21.4

17.5

19.0

27.5

18.4

19.0

18.6

16.0

19.7

23.3

18.5

lB.2

21.5

20.6

IB.3

21.6

18.2

Percent distribution

23.8

24.2

23.8

23.8

24.1

22.6

24.8

22.9

19.2

23.8

23.5

22.5

25.0

22.9

26.2

22.5

25.4

22.4

30.1

23.7

25.6

23.7

55.8

46.7

56.2

55.3

56.5

55.0

54.9

57.0

54.5

55.8

55.0

51.7

57.5

56.9

53.2

56.2

55.6

52.8

47.5

56.0

49.B

56.3

20.4

29.0

20.0

21.0

19.4

22.4

20.3

20.0

26.3

20.3

21.6

25.8

17.5

20.2

20.6

21.3

19.1

24.8

22.4

20.3

24.7

20.1

22.7

19.9

22.8

22.5

22.4

25.6

23.2

22.4

17.3

22.8

21.3

23.4

23.2

21.1

26.0

21.6

23.9

22.0

23.1

22.7

25.5

22.5

51.8

54.0

51.8

52.6

51.1

50.4

52.2

51.3

52.5

51.8

51.4

51.0

52.8

51.8

49.B

52.6

51.2

49.0

53.5

51.8

50.3

51.9

25.5

26.1

25.5

24.9

26.5

24.1

24.7

26.3

30.2

25.4

27.3

25.6

24.0

27.1

24.2

25.8

24.9

29.1

23.4

25.5

24.2

25.6

75
Table 38. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning the importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreement batween youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected characteristics associated with emotional

development of theyouth: United States, 1966 -70–Con.

Selected characteristic

Total, 12-17 years of age . . . . . . . .

Bedwetting

Youth reported as wetting bad in

past year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othar youths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequancy of insomnia

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only fromtime to time . . . . . . . . . . .

Very often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fraquency of bad dreams

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Onlyfrom timetotime . . . . . . . . . . .

Quitefrequ@y . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .

SleeDwal ked in csastyear

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-reported nervousness

Never . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on nervousness

Notnervousatall . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somewhatnervous . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very nervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hospital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has been treated by psychiatrist

or psychologist

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To know how to keep

in good health

H

23.0

20.1

23.1

22.3

23.9

21.2

23.4

22.5

19.6

23.0

21.1

22.8

22.4

23.0

25.9

21.5

25.0

19.1

20.9

23.0

19.4

23.2

57.0

53.5

57.2

58.2

58.2

54.6

56.5

58.2

51.6

56.9

61,2

57.8

58.6

56.1

52.0

58.0

55.9

57.1

56.5

57.1

57.8

57.0

20.0

26.4

19.7

19.6

19.9

24.1

20.1

19.4

28.7

20.1

17.8

19.4

19.0

20.9

22.0

20.5

19.2

23.7

22.6

19.9

22.8

19.8

To be neat and clean

m

Percent distribution

23.0

19.2

23.2

22.0

24.4

21.7

23.1

23.1

21.4

23.0

22.4

19.8

24.2

23.1

26.4

21.8

24.6

21.0

24.2

23.0

24.1

23.0

61.2

60.9

61.3

61.9

61.0

58.3

60.6

62.3

58.6

61.3

60.1

61.3

61.9

61.1

58.4

61.0

61.7

58.6

56.5

61.3

58.2

61.4

15.7

19.9

15.5

16.1

14.6

20,0

16.4

14.7

20.0

15.6

17.5

18.9

13.9

15.9

15.2

17.2

13.7

20.4

17.3

15.7

77.7

15.6

To be happy

m

20.2

15.2

20.4

19.2

20.3

26.2

19.9

20.4

21.9

20.2

19.2

16.4

20.7

20.6

26.2

19.4

21.2

18.1

20.1

20.2

22.4

20.0

51.9

53.4

51.9

51.8

52.9

46.4

52.8

51.5

38.7

51.9

51.8

49,4

54.3

51.0

51.0

52.8

51.0

50.4

49.8

51.9

47.9

52.1

28.0

34.4

27.7

29.0

26.8

27.4

27.3

28.1

39.5

27.9

29.1

34.2

25.0

28.4

22.8

27.9

27.8

31.4

30.1

27.9

29.6

27.9

76
.4

Table 38. Percent distributions of paired responses concerning tha importance of specified qualities of personality by category of

agreament between youths 12-17 years of age and parents, according to selected characteristics associated with emotional

development of they’outh: United States, 1966-70 –Con.

Salected characteristic

Total, 12-17 yaarsofage. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bedwetting

Youth reported as wetti ng bad in

pasty aar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other youths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of insomnia

Near . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only from timatotime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very often . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency of bad dreams

Namer, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Only fromtimetotime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Quite frequently. . . .

No, . . . . . . . . . . .

Yak . . . . . . . . . . .

Near . . . . . . . . . .

Rarely . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimes . . . . , . .

Often . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sleepwalked in past yaar

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-reported nervousness

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parent’s report on nervousness

Notnarvous atoll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somewhat nervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Very nervous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Has visited mental hospital

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No, ,, .,,.,,,,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To ba ambitious

I

To be able to defend

onaself

More

Same

More More

Same

More

impor- impor- imporimporimportant to tant to tant to importance

tant to

youth parent youth tance parent

IB.4

18.5

18.5

17.7

18.9

21.3

19.1

17.5

19.4

18.5

17.6

17.2

18.9

17.6

23.6

17.3

19.7

lB.3

16.0

18.5

23.6

18.1

50.7

43.1

51.0

49.8

52.5

45.7

49.9

52.1

43.8

50.8

48.8

47.6

52.0

52.5

44.4

50.2

51.9

42.9

44.2

50.9

42.3

51.3

Percent distribution

30.9

38.3

30.5

32.6

28.6

33.0

30.9

30.4

36.8

30.7

33.6

35.2

29.1

29.9

32.1

32.5

28.4

38.8

39.8

30.6

34.1

30.6

21.7

19.3

23.3

20.1

22.4

28.6

21.2

21.8

28.9

21.5

24.2

20.4

21.7

21.7

25.1

20.4

23.5

17.9

28.7

21.5

26.2

21.4

52.0

60.7

61.3

52.2

52.9

45.2

51.8

52.8

43.7

52.2

48.7

51.8

52.5

51.6

52.3

51.9

52.1

52.4

47.1

52.2

51.4

52.1

26.3

20.0

15.5

27.6

24.7

26.2

27.0

25.3

27.4

26.2

27.1

27.8

25.7

26.B

22.6

27.7

24.4

29.7

23.2

26,3

22.4

26.5

000

77
APPENDIX 1

STATISTICAL NOTES

The Survey Design

The sample design for each of the first three

programs of the Health Examination Survey

(Cycles I-III) has been essentially similar in

that it has been a multistage, stratified probability sample of clusters of households in landbased segments. The successive elements for

this sample design are the primary sampling

unit (PSU), census enumeration district (ED),

segment (a cluster of households), household,

eligible ersons, and finally, the sample person.

The 1O sample areas and “the segments utilized in the design of Cycle III were the same

as those in Cycle II. Previous reports describe

in detail the sample design used for Cycle II

and discuss the problems and considerations

given to other types of sampling frames and

whether or not the selection of siblings should

be controlled. 8Y17

Requirements and limitations placed on the

design for Cycle III, similar to those placed on

the design for Cycle II, were:

1. The target population was defined as the’

civilian, noninstitutional population of the

United States, including Alaska and

Hawaii, aged 12-17 years, with the special

exclusion of children residing on reservation lands of the American Indians. The

latter exclusion was adopted as a result of

operational problems encountered on

these lands in Cycle I.

2. The time period of data collection was

limited to about 3 years, and the length

of each individual examination within the

specially constructed mobile examination

center was between 2 and 3 hours.

3.

4.

5.

Ancillary data were collected on specially

designed household, medical history, and

school questionnaires and from birth certificate copies.

Examination objectives were related primarily to factors of physical and intellectual growth and development.

The sample was sufficiently large to yield

reliable Findings within broad ~eographic

regions and population density groups as

well as age, sex, and limited socioeconomic groups for the total sample.

The sample was drawn jointly with the U.S.

Bureau of Census, starting with the 1960 Decennial Census list of addresses and the nearly ‘

1,900 PSU’S into which the entire United

States was divided. Each PSU is either a standard metropolitan statistical area (SMSA), a

county, or a group of two or three contiguous

counties. These PSU’S were grouped into 40

strata, with each stratum having an average size

of about 4.5 million persons, in such a manner

as to maximize the degree of homogeneity

within strata with regard to the population size of

the PSU’S, degree of urbanization, geographic

proximity, and degree of industrialization. The

40 strata were then classified into 4 broad

geographic regions of 10 strata each; within

each region the strata were cross-classified by

four population density classes and classes of

rate of population change from 1950 to 1960.

Using a modified Goodman-Kish controlledselection technique, one PSU was drawn from

each of the 40 strata.

Further stages of sampling within PSU’S first

required the selection of ED’s. The ED’s are

78
small, well-defined areas of about 250 housing

units into which the entire Nation was divided

for the 1960 population census. Each ED was a

unit into which the entire Nation was divided

for the 1960 population census. Each ED was

assigned a “measure of size” equal to the

rounded whole number resulting from a “division by nine” for the number of children, aged

5-9, in the ED at the time of the 1960 census.

A sample of 20 ED’s in the sample PSU was

selected by systematic sampling, with each ED

having a probability of selection proportional

to the population of children 5-9 years at the

time of the 1960 census. A further random

selection by size of segments (smaller clusters

of housing units) within each ED was then

made.

Because of the 3-year time interval between

Cycle II and Cycle III, the Cycle III frame had

to be supplemented because of new construction and to compensate for segments where

housing WA partially or totally demolished to

make room for highway construction or urban

redevelopment. Advanced planning for the examinations of the various locations, or stands,

provided for about 17 days of examinations,

which limited the number of examinees per

location to approximately 200.

In Cycle III, as in Cycle II, twins who were

deleted from the sample selection were also

scheduled for examination as time allowed, as

were youths deleted from the Cycle III sample

who had been examined in Cycle II. The sample was selected in Cycle III, as it had been for

the children in Cycle II, to contain the correct

proportion of youths from families having only

one eligible youth, two eligible youths, and so

on, to be representative of the total target

population. However, since households were

one of the elements in the sample frame, the

number of related youths in the resultant

sample was greater than would result from a

design that sampled youths aged 12-17 years

without regard to household. The resultant

estimated mean measurements or rates should

be unbiased; but their sampling variability will

be somewhat greater than those from a more

costly, time-consuming systematic sample design in which every W~ youth would be

selected.

The total probability sample for Cycle III

included 7,514 youths representative of the

approximately 22.7 million noninstitutionalized

U.S. youths of ages 12-17 years. The sample

contained youths from 25 different States and

approximately 1,000 in each single year of age.

The response rate in Cycle III was 90 percent, with 6,768 youths examined out of the

total sample. The examinees were assigned

weights to make the group representative of

the entire U.S. population studied with respect

to age, sex, race, region, population density,

and population growti in area of residence.

Measures generally used to control the quality of the data from these surveys have been

described in previous reports.7 ‘g Those additional measures specifically related to the particular examination, tests, or measurements were

outlined in the analytic reports describing and

presenting the respective initial findings.

Reliability

While measurement processes in the surveys

were carefully standardized and closely controlled, the correspondence between true population figures and survey results cannot be

expected to be exact. Survey data are imperfect for three major reasons: (1) results are

subject to sampling error, (2) the actual conduct of a survey never agrees perfectly with

the design, and (3) the measurement processes

themselves are inexact even though standardized and controlled. The first report on

Cycle 1119 describes in detail the faithfulness

with which the sampling design was carried

out.

Data recorded for each sample youth were

inflated” in the estimation process to characterize the larger universe of which the sample

youths are representative. The weights used in

this inflation process are a product of the

reciprocal of the probability of selecting the

youth, an adjustment for nonresponse cases,

and a post stratified ratio adjustment that

increases precision by bringing survey results

into closer alignment with known U.S. population figures by race and sex within single years

of age 12-17.

In the third cycle of the Health Examination

Survey (as in Cycle II), the samples were the

result of three principal stages of selection-the

79
single PSU

from each

from each stratum, the 20 segments

sample PSU, and the sample vouth

from among e&ible persons. The p~ob~bility

of selecting an individual youth is the product

of the probability of selection at each stage.

Since the strata are roughly equal in population size and a nearly equal number of sample

youths were examined in each of the sample

PSU’S, the sample design is essentially selfweighting with respect to the target population; that is, each youth 12-17 years had about

the same probability of being drawn into the

respective samples.

The adjustment upward for nonresponse is

intended to minimize the impact of nonresponse on final estimates by imputing to nonrespondents, the characteristics of “similar”

respondents. Here “similar” respondents were

judged to be examined youths in a sample PSU

having the same age (in years) and sex as

youths not examined in that sample PSU.

The poststratified ratio adjustment used in

Cycle III achieved most of the gains in precision that would have been attained if the

sample had been drawn from a population

stratified by age, race, and sex. In addition, the

adjustment makes the final sample estimates of

population agree exactly with independent controls prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the

Census for the noninstitutional population as

of March 9, 1968 (approximate mid-survey

point for Cycle III), by race and sex for each

single year of age 12-i 7. The weight of every

responding sample youth in each of the 24 age,

race, and sex classes is adjusted upwards or

downwards so that the weighted total within

the class equals the independent population

control for the survey.

In addition to the sample youths who were

not examined, for a small fraction of the group

(0.4 percent), questionnaires containing the

parents’ or youths’ ratings were not received.

With regard to the questionnaires received,

there were instances in which certain items of

information were not provided. Except for

three of the questions included in this report,

the average item nonresponse ratio was around

0.5 percent and was less than 2 percent in each

case. Generally, these unknowns were omitted

in the computation of percentages. The three

exceptions appear in connection with the

grouping of youths according to reported reaction to first grade, last visit to a doctor for a

checkup, or last visit to a dentist for a checkup. For these three categories, a response of

“don’t remember” was given for 7, 17, and 9

percent, respectively, of the youths, and data

for these groups of unknowns are presented

separately in pertinent tables.

Standard Error

In the present report, reference has been

made to efforts to minimize bias and variability of measurement techniques.

The probability design of the survey makes

possible the estimation of standard errors. The

standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, the variations that

might occur by chance because only a sample

of the population is surveyed. As calculated for

this report, the standard error also reflects part

of the variation that arises in the measurement

process. It does not include estimates of any

biases which might be in the data. The chances

are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from

the sample would differ by less than the

standard error from the value obtained from an

examination of all persons in the population.

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the

difference would be less than twice the standard error and about 99 out of 100 that it

would be less than 2V2 times as large.

Generally, the rates or percentages shown in

the detailed tables for the entire ~oup, for all

the males or for all the females, are accompanied by their respective standard errors. In the

interest of simplicity and brevity, specific standard eirors for some estimates Gf demographic

or subject matter categories are not presented;

however, approximate standard errors can be

estimated from the information in tables I and

II.

An approximation of the standard error of a

difference d = x - y of two statistics x and y is

given by the formula (s: + S;)% where SX and

SY are the standard errors, respectively,of x

and y. Of course , where the two groups or

measures are positively or negatively correlated,

80
Table 1. Standard errors of estimates for selectad percentages of population subgroupsl

Population subgroup

Single year of age (average) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boysorgirls (average) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geographic region

Northeast, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., ...,,,.,

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of place of residence

Urbanizedareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherareas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rate of population change

Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Belowaverage gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboveaverage gain...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Annual family income

Lessthan $3,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$3,000-4,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$5,0006,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$7,000-9,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$10,000-14,999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$15,0000r more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.1

0.2

0!5

x

3.0

5.0

10.0

20.04

Category of youths (size in millions)

Percent

of

total

popuIationz

16.7

8.3

86.2

13.3

0.5

22.2

28.6

23.6

25.6

49.9

50.7

24.1

24.3

24.4

27.3

11.8

13.4

15.5

22.8

19.2

10.7

0.4

0.9

2.2

4.4

8.8

13.2

22.0

44.1

88.1

Percent of youths3

1 2 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50

Standard error of percent

0.42

0.50

0.31

0.44

1.84

0.47

0.44

0.46

0.45

0.34

.0.38

0.37

0.57

0.55

0.52

0.46

0.49

0.59

1.84

1.31

0.86

0.64

0.50

0.44

0.38

0.34

0.31

0.55

0.68

0.34

0,58

2.79

0.55

0.51

0.54

0,53

0.39

0.48

0.46

0.70

0.67

0.63

0.55

0.58

0.73

2.79

1.98

1.27

3.92

0.68

0.58

3.48

D.39

2.34

0.82

1.()~

0.4:

0.87

4.5;

0.75

0.17

0.72

0.7C

0.53

0.69

0.66

0.99

0.93

0.87

0.74

0.79

0.10

4.52

3.20

2.04

1.45

1.05

0.87

0.69

0.53

0.42

I.lc

1.43

0.52

1.18

6.30

0.97

0.87

0.94

0.91

0.68

0.93

0.88

1.31

1.23

1.15

0.96

1.04

1.37

6.30

4.46

2.83

2,01

1,43

1.18

0.93

0.68

D.52 —

1.31

1.70

0,59

1.40

7.53

1.13

1.00

1.10

1.06

0.79

1.08

1.03

1.53

1.44

1.34

1.12

1.21

1.61

7.53

5.33

3.38

2.39

I ,70

I .40

1.09

3.79

).59

1.4E

1 .9C

0.84

1.56

8.45

1.26

1.11

1.22

1.17

0.88

1.22

1.15

1.70

1.60

1.49

1.24

1.34

1.79

8.45

5.98

3.79

2.68

1.90

1.56

1.22

0.88

0.64

1.58

2.06

0.69

1.69

9.16

1.35

1.20

1.31

1.26

0.94

1.31

1.24

1.84

1.73

1.61

1.33

1.44

1.93

9.16

6.48

4.10

2.90

2.06

1.69

1.31

0.94

0.69

1.67

2.18

0.72

1.78

9.7C

1.43

1.25

1.3a

1.33

0.99

1.39

1.31

1.94

1.82

1.70

1.41

1.52

2.04

9.70

6.86

4.34

3.08

2.18

1.78

1.39

0.99

0.72 —

1.78

2.33

0.76

1.91

10.38

1.51

1.34

1.47

1.41

1.06

1.48

1.40

2.07

1.94

1.81

1.50

1.62

2.17

0.38

7.34

4.65

3.29

2.33

1.91

1.48

1.06

0.76

1.82

2.38

0.78

1.94

0.60

1,55

1.37

1.50

1.44

1.08

1.51

1.43

2.11

1.98

1.84

1.53

1.66

2.21

0.60

7.49

4.74

3.36

2.38

1.94

I .51

1.08

1.78

‘The actual distribution of the population isshown, but the standard errors have been adiustedto reflect the effect of itam non-.

response, This table does not apply ’to” mean scores such” as those shown in table 1 and tables”D and E.

‘For small proportions of youths thespecified characteristic isunknown, thus thepercentages shown maynot add to 100.0.

3Forpercentages over50,subtractfrOm 100 and use that complement tOObtain estimate Of error.

4Use this line for the total population of youths 12-17 years of aga.

81
Table Il. Guide tostandard error estimation forsubgooulations . .

Reference

tabla

number

2; 5; 28

11; 17-20

11;36

11; 17-20

38

32; 38

36

32

17-20

17-20

17-20:

38

Topic and category

Each category of overal I

agreement

Health status (parent’s

perception):

Excellent

Very good

Good

Fair

Poor

Health perception (youth’s):

Excellent

Very good

Good

Fair

Poor

Had health problem:

Parent-reported

Youth-reported

Parent’s report on nervousness:

Not nervous

Somewhat nervous

Very nervous

Self-reported nervousness:

Often

Sometimes

Rarely

Never

Weight perception:

Underweight

About right

Overweight

Attitude towards food:

Not fussy

A little fussy

Very fussy

Last physician check up:

In last year

Over 2 years ago

2 years ego

Never

Don’t remember

Last dental check up:

In last yaar

1 or 2 years ago

Over 2 years ago

Never

Don’t remember

Visits to mental hospital or

clinic:

In past year

Over a year ago

Never

Percentage of

youths

16.7

33.0

33.9

28.5

3.3

0.3

26.6

33.2

35.7

4.2

0.4

14.6

10.3

49.8

46.3

4.0

7.6

36.1

36.0

20.3

8;:;

12.5

48.3

44.3

7.4

48.1

14,9

12.1

7.6

17.4

56.3

13.4

10.0

11.6

8.6

0.8

2.2

97.0

Number

of

youths

(million)l

3.8

7.5

::;

0.7

0.1

6.0

7.5

8,1

1.0

0.1

3,3

2.3

11.3

10.5

0.9

1.7

8.2

8.2

4.6

1.6

18.2

2.8

11.0

10.0

1.7

10.9

3.4

2.7

1.7

3.9

12.8

3.0

;::

2,0

0.2

0.5

22.0

Reference

table

numbar

17-20;

38

17-20

23

23; 36

23; 36

23; 33;

36

23; 24

23; 24

36

37

37

Topic and category

Visits to psychiatrist or

psychologist

In past year

Over a year ago

Never

Physical growth:

Too SIOW

About right

Too fast

Mental development:

Too SIOW

About right

Too fast

Attended nursery school

Attended kindergarten

First reaction to school:

Quite happy

A Iittle upset

Quite upset

So upset, got sick

Don’t ramember

Parent’s educational goal

for youth:

Quit school as soon as

possible

Finish high school

Get some college training

Fin ish COIIege

Postgraduate training

Parent’s expectation regarding

youth’s education:

Quit school as soon as

possible

Finish high school

Get some college training

Finish college

Postgraduate training

Ease in making friends:

Easily

Has a little trouble

Has a lot of trouble

Overnight visits with friends:

Never

Once or twice

Quite often

Parent’s acquaintance with

youth’s friends:

Knows most

Knows half or less

Knows almost none

Percentage of

youths

2.0

4.1

93.9

3.3

92.7

4.1

3.7

95.4

0.9

9.3

88.3

74.7

14,8

3.1

0,6

6.8

0.5

16.9

35.5

31.3

15.8

3,4

26.7

36.1

23.6

10.2

82.0

16.9

1.1

17.7

27.6

54.7

77.0

17.2

5.8

of

youths

(million)l

0,6

0,9

21,3

0.7

21.0

0.9

0,8

21.6

0,2

2,1

15.0

17.0

3.4

0.7

0.1

1.6

0.1

3.8

8.1

:::

0,8

6.1

8.2

5.4

2,3

18,6

3,8

0,3

4.0

6.3

12.4

17.5

3,9

1.3

82
Table II. Guide to standard error estimation for subpopulations–Con.

Reference

table

number

33; 37

23; 33

37

37

32; 38

17-20;

33; 36

Topic and category

Meals eaten with family

(per day):

Two or more

One

None

Extended absence from home:

Once

Mora than onca

None

Receivas allowance

Earns monay-no allowance

Wet bad in past year

Amount of trouble

to bring up:

None

Just a little

Some

A lot

.—

Percentage of

youths

61.0

37.6

1.4

8.3

7.4

84.3

50.5

33.9

4.7

59.9

27.2

10.8

2.2

of

youths

(million)l

13.8

8.5

0.3

1.8

1.7

19.1

11.5

7.7

1.1

13.6

6.2

2.5

0.5

Reference

table

number

32; 38

32; 38

32; 38

33; 37

33; 37

Topic and category

Difficulty in going to sleep:

Very often

From time to time

Naver

Bad dreams or nightmares:

Quite often

From time to time

Never

SIeapwalkad in past year

Smoking:

Naver smoked regularly

Don’t smoke now

Less than half a pack

par day

Half to one pack par

day

Ona pack or more per

day

Ran away from home:

Once

More than once

Never

Percentage of

youths

6.6

43.6

49.7

2.8

42.7

54.5

5.2

54.3

31.1

9.0

3.7

2.0

6.7

2.7

90.6

Number

of

youths

(milIion)l

1.5

9.9

11.3

0.6

9.7

12.4

1.2

12.3

7.1

2.0

0.8

0.5

1.5

0.6

20.6

lDivide the number shown by 2 in ordar to estimate errors for percentages pertaining to only boys or girls.

11 with 4 options, and 2 with 5 options,

then

P(A~g) = (1/3)16 x (1/4)11 x (1/5)2

[

‘(AZ8) = 16X 2/3 (1/3)15 X

1

an overestimatee or underestimate, respectively,

of the actual standard error will result.

Statistical Testing

An insight into the nature of the distribution of the proportion of agreement between

parents and their adolescent offspring was obtained by comparisons with (1) a distribution

that would result from independent random

responses and (2) the observed distribution of

responses of all adults (not only own parents)

and all youths to the nonpersonal questions.

Considering the varying number of response

options for the 29 items, the true random

distribution of agreement has a complicated

form. For example, if we let

P(AJ = probability of agreement by 2

people on Q Iquestions,

and we have 29 questions: 16 with 3 options,

(1/4)11 x (1/5)2j+ 11 x 3/4

x[

(1/3)16 x (1/4)1’3 x (1/5)21

+2 x4/5 [(1/3)16 x (1/4)11 x 1/5].

That is, failure of agreement on one from the

first group (which can happen in 16 ways)

times agreement on all other questions plus

disagreement on one item from the second group

times agreement on all other items

83
p(+)=. . . becoming increasingly tedious.

As an approximation to this distribution, we

used a shortcut: We defined the probability of

agreement (or success) as

P=l/29

[

16xl/3+ llxl/4+2x l/51

.2924,

i.e., an average probability over the 29 items.

Using this as the parameter in a binomial

distribution of agreement or disagreement, the

mean over 29 trials becomes M = nF = 8.5 and

the standard deviation is ~ = 2.45, i.e.,

the mean number of questions parents and

youths would have agreed upon under an assumption of randomness and independence lies

between 8 and 9. Thus the observed distribution of agreement between youths and @eir

own parents with a mean of 15.7 questions

and a standard deviation of 2.69, appears not

to justify the above assumptions.

The second comparison was based on the

observed distributions of all adults’ and youths’

responses, separately. For the z“t~ the probability of agreement ~. becomes

Zo[fo(A) x f(.)(V] where‘O

means summation over the ‘options, f.(A)

denotes the relative frequency of the parents’

responses for option 0, and f.(Y) denotes the

relative frequency of the youths’ responses for

option O. Then averaging the Pi over the items

we obtained a probability of success P=.43 91.

This leads to a mean of 12.7 and a standard

deviation of 2.67.

The validity of trend relationships was established by the testing of the regression coefficients for significance; while the evaluation of

the significance of difference in direction on

disagreement of youths with parents on some

matter was made by comparing the observed

proportions with those that would arise from

an equal distribution with respect to direction

of the number of instances in which youth and

parent disagreed.

In determining the statistical significance of

differences, for which the t-test was used, a

one-tailed assumption was made in connection

with examining the difference between congruence involving youth and parent and agreement

based on all youths and all adults (“expected

values”). Otherwise a two-tailed assumption

was made. “Expected values” according to sex,

age, income, race, amount of smoking, and

frequency of running away from home, are

presented in detailed Table 3 and in appendix

tables III-V. In the cases that involved comparing an observed trend, e.g., agreement on goal

regarding education according to age of youth,

differences between the end-point categories

(excluding those based on less than 200 sample

persons), such as age 12 and age 17 in the

example cited, were tested—the observed against

the expected, with a one-tailed assumption.

Small Values

In some tables magnitudes are shown for

cells for which the sample size is so small that

the sampling error may be several times as

great as the statistics itself; thus indicating an

unacceptable degree of unreliability in the estimate. Such rates, if shown, have been included,

in the belief that they may help to convey an

impression of the overall story of the table.

84
Table I I 1. Average percent of agreement for all youths with all adults (“Expected values”), by age and selected items of information:

United States, 1966-70

Selectad items of information

All items of health information (36) . . . . . . . . . . .

Allowance, yes/no . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allowance, who decides .,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Health problem, yes/no . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Relative weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amount eaten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clothes, who decides, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Money, whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friends, whodacides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hours, whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness, degree of....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Urgency in seeing doctor for

Blood in urine or bowel movament . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lumpinstomach .,. ,.. c.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pain in chest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiff neck or back,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurting all over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Loss of appetite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtiredness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sore throat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting, ,, .,, ,,, ,, ..,..... . . . . . . . . . .

Stomach ache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Importance to young persons of

Consideration of others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dependability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedience of law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedience to parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calmness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knowing howto stay healthy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neatness and cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Happiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ambition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Present health status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aspirations regarding education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Expectations concerning education . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of

response

options

2-5

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

5

5

Age (in years)

12 13 14 15 16 17

Avarage percent of agreement, youths with adultsl

47.4

50.5

97.1

82.3

60.6

63.5

42.8

33.2

30.5

59.8

45.7

64.1

64.7

44.3

32.8

40.8

33.9

33.9

33.8

35.5

37.8

41.7

55.2

46.0

47.9

65.1

55.4

48.6

45.7

52.1

50.2

43.7

41.6

44.7

31.3

26.0

25.3

47.6

50.2

97.1

80.4

58.1

63.1

43.2

34.9

30.5

54.7

45.3

68.1

65.2

45.0

31.6

40.2

33.5

34.2

33.9

35.3

37.6

42.5

56.3

47.3

51.3

64.5

54.3

49.9

45.9

52.8

53.3

44.2

43.3

43.1

31.0

25.7

25.9

47.6

50.0

97.2

76.6

55.4

63.6

40.8

38.0

31.1

53.6

43.5

69.7

65.5

44.6

31.2

38.4

33.7

34.2

34.4

35.6

39.0

41.8

59.2

48.2

51.5

62.3

53.5

50.3

46.0

51.6

53.3

46.0

43.6

44.5

30.6

26.9

26.7

47.6

50.0

94.8

75.4

56.1

60.3

40.3

41.2

32.4

49.5

44.0

72.6

67.6

44.5

30.5

37.9

33.8

34.6

34.6

36.7

39.3

42.5

59.0

48.2

51.8

60.8

61.4

51.5

46.4

52.3

55.2

47.8

44.6

43.7

30.2

26.5

26.7

48.1

50.4

95.5

79.5

56.7

84.8.

41.3

42.4

34.8

47.3

42.9

75.3

70.7

45.3

29.9

36.6

33.9

34.3

34.9

36.6

39.1

44.2

60.6

48,7

52.7

56.9

50.1

51.4

46.4

50.6

52.5

48.3

44.3

46.8

30.9

26.6

26.7

47.8

52.2

93.9

74.5

53.7

63.0

44.5

46.9

39.5

40.4

41.0

75.6

68.2

45.0

30.0

36.2

33.9

34.7

36.2

37.1

40.1

44.0

59.5

50.1

52.5

55.8

48.0

51.6

46.8

50.6

53.2

49.6

44.8

45.0

30.4

27.1

26.1

lRepresents the mean of all possible combinations of pairings of theyouths andtheadults included in the survey, calculated from

the distributions by response option.

85
Table Iv. Average Dercent ofagreement forallyouths with alladults ('' ExPe~ed values''), bYfamilY in~me, raca, and*~~~~fii ~*: U**

Selected items of information

Allitemsof health information (36) . . . . . . .

Allowance, yeslno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allowance,whodecidas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Healthproblem,yes/no . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Relative waight . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amounteaten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clothes,whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mcmey,whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friends,whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hours,whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness,degrae.of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Urgency in seeing doctor for

Blood inurine or bowel movament . . . . . . . .

Lump in stomach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pain inchast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiffneckorback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurtingallover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lossofappetite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtiredness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.%rethmat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomiting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stomachache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Headache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Importance to young parsons of

Consideration ofothers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dependability . . .’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedienceoflaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obediencetoparents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calmness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knowmghowto stay healthy . . . . . . . . . . . . .

N=%tnessandcleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Happiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AmbftiOn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Self-defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Presenthealthatatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aspirations regarding education . . . . . . . . . . . .

Expectationsconcerningeducaticm . . . . . . . . . .

lumber of

response

options

_

2-5

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

c

c

States, 1966-70

Annual familv income I Race

Less than $3,000- $5,0ccJ- $7,000- $1o,ooo- $15,000

$3,CO0 4,999 6,999 9,999 14,899 or more

White Black Other

Average percent of agreement, youths with adultsl

46.7

51.4

97.9

72.3

52.5

56.0

33.1

36.6

34.0

54.3

42.0

67.7

64.5

48.2

35.B

47.6

34.5

33.7

33.4

34.0

33.6

35.6

44.8

44.1

47.6

60.3

5B.9

49.4

45.9

56.1

5B.2

43.9

40.2

44.7

32.7

27.7

29.5

47.1

50.1

96.1

76.5

57.8

61.4

34.5

35.6

32.0

50.1

44.4

66.2

64.6

4B.4

33.2

44.6

34.B

34.4

32.7

35.3

34.B

35.0

47.0

46.1

48.0

62.3

59.6

50.0

45.8

56.5

57.B

45.1

43.1

45.0

30.7

26.5

27.5

4B.O

50.2

96.7

79.7

57.7

63.9

3B.2

37.4

30.8

50.B

45.4

70.2

65.6

45.8

31.B

40.0

35.0

33.8

34.2

35.2

37.7

40.9

57.4

4B.4

51.4

64.1

53.5

50.5

46.9

52.8

54.9

45.4

43.8

45.2

31.7

29.1

30.6

4B.O

50.0

97.5

76.7

57.1

64.1

40.7

39.6

31.6

49.9

42.9

73.5

67.B

44.0

30.1

37.7

34.3

34.9

34.9

36.0

40.0

43.6

60.B

48.6

52.B

62.3

51.6

50.6

46.6

51.6

52.7

46.6

44.4

45.1

31.5

2B.1

2B.4

49.0

50.2

95.0

82.2

59.1

65.7

45.9

41.9

34.6

47.B

44.8

71.2

69.7

43.B

29.3

36.6

34.0

35.1

35.B

39.0

44.3

50.9

6B.4

50.1

53.1

60.1

50.0

61.0

45.6

50.2

50.4

47.6

44.7

45.2

33.0

29.9

2B.6

49.2

52.1

91.4

BO.9

55.2

64.7

45.7

43.7

39.6

47.L7

43.7

75.0

69.5

41.7

2B.7

35.7

34.6

36.4

3B.6

37.9

43.6

52.4

73.4

51.1

54.4

57.6

46.4

50.B

46.4

47.B

47.0

47.2

45.0

43.9

36.2

33.2

30.8

47,8

50.0

95.6

79.0

57.0

64.2

40.3

39.8

32.6

4B.3

44.2

71.4

66.9

44.4

30.2

37.5

34.3

34.7

35.1

36.B

40.1

44.9

61.9

4B.7

51.8

61.3

51.2

50.4

46.4

51.0

51.9

47.0

44.0

45.0

31.0

26.6

26.3

46.9

49.8

99.5

73.1

56.4

55.B

33.3

34.6

33.1

56.5

43.5

66.9

66.9

49.1

36.4

51.2

34.7

33.2

32.5

33.1

32.B

33.3

40.1

43.B

4B.1

59.7

69.5

50.9

45.5

59.0

61.4

42.6

41.2

44.1

33.1

26.1

26.7

48.6

G

100.0

77.3

50.6

61.6

33.1

37.8

44,9

44.0

47.4

74.0

76.0

48.4

35.4

39.7

33.6

33,9

38.1

42.9

3B.7

34.1

60.9

54.2

53.1

62.6

60.2

59.2

46.1

51.2

47.4

47.3

47.4

42.9

32.3

24.3

26.1

1 RePrese”t~the mean of all pO~~ible ~mbl”atiOn~ of ~iri”gs Of the yOuths and the adults included in the survaY, calculated frOm the distributions by ‘asPOn*

86
Table V. Avaraae“. Dsrcsmtofaareemem foral[vouths with ailadult$ (''Exwctti blues'']. bvnumkr oftimes vouthran awavfrom home. amount ofmokiM

?

Selected items of

information

All items of health information (36).

Allowance, yes/no . . . , . . . . . . . . .

Allowance, whodecldes . . . . . . . , . ,

Health problem, yeslno . . . . . . . . . .

Relative weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Amounteaten, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clothes,whodecides . . . . . , . . . . . .

Money,whodecides. . . , . . . . . . . . .

Friends,whodecides . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hours,whodecldes .,,.... . . . . . .

Nervousness, degreeof . . . . , . . . . . .

Urgency in seeing doctor for

Blood inurine or bowel movement . . . .

Lump in stomach . .,, ..,.... . . .

pain in chest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stiff neckorback . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hurttng all over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nervousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lossof appetite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ovartlredness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sorethroat, ,, .,.,..... . . . . . .

Vomiting .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stomach ache

Headache...;;;;;;;;:: ;:;;;;

Importance to young persons of

Consideration of others. . , , , , . . . , .

Dependability, . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,.

Obedienceoflaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Obedlenceto parents . . . . . . ,. ., , .

Self-control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Calmness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knowinghowto stavhaalthy . . . . . . .

Neatnessandcleanliness . . . , . . . . . ,

Happiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ambition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selfdafense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Presenthealth status . . . . . . , . . . . .

Aspirations regarding education . . . . . .

Expectations concern lngaducation . . . .

fouths. andselectsd items of information: Unite& States, 1966-70

-

Number

of

response

options

2-5

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

5

5

5

1

Numberoftimes youth

ran away from home I

Amount of smoking by vouth

Smoke

Smoke %,

More Never Don ‘t but less Smoka 1

Never Once

less than or more

than smoked amoka ‘% pack

than 1

once regularlv now pack packs

per day

par day per day

Avarage percent of agreement, youth with adultal

47.6

50.0

95.9

78.6

67.3

64.1

38.9

38.2

32.2

49.2

43.8

71.0

67.4

45.4

31.1

38.7

33.7

34.2

34.4

35.9

38.5

42.4

57.6

47.9

51.0

61.5

52.8

50.4

46.3

52.2

53.2

46.4

43.6

44.6

30.8

26.4

26.3

46.9

.- -

5U.5

98.1

74.6

62.4

52,1

38.0

43.3

33.7

49.1

44.7

70.7

62.4

40,3

28.2

35.8

35.1

35,4

35.5

37.1

41.2

45.6

64.8

49.0

53.4

58.1

46.7

51.1

45.0

47.9

50.5

47.5

44.0

46.1

30.1

25.9

25.7

,

46.3

50.2

100.0

71.2

51.7

59.5

36.8

42.4

31.3

42.1

46.7

65.5

62.2

39.5

30.2

34.6

34.2

35.2

35.7

39.9

42.7

47.3

63.6

49.6

54.5

54.9

44.2

51.8

46.3

49.4

48.4

44.9

41.5

39.8

29.6

24.5

23.6

47.8

50.0

96.3

79.9

59.2

64.4

40.4

36.6

31.7

50.9

44.1

70.2

67.9

46.8

32.0

39.6

33.7

34.2

34.1

35.5

37.8

41.2

55.5

47.7

50.8

63.5

54.6

50.3

46.3

52.8

53.7

45.6

43.9

44.6

31.0

26.6

26.1

47.7

50.0

94.9

77.5

55.6

63.0

40.2

41.2

33.5

48.1

44.0

72.0

66.6

42.8

29.9

37.2

34.1

34.9

35.5

37.3

40.9

45.5

63.0

49.1

52.6

59.5

49.6

51.3

46.2

50.7

51.3

47.7

43.3

44.7

30.9

27.2

27.1

46.6

50.6

99.2

73.6

52.1

58.3

36.6

40.9

32.1

47.4

42.9

68.6

64.8

43.0

30.7

38.0

34.0

34.2

34.1

35.6

37.3

41.0

58.6

46.4

49,7

58.2

50.6

49.8

45.1

51.9

53.6

45.4

43.5

45.2

30.2

27.3

29.3

47.3

53.2

99.1

75.1

49.3

61.5

42.7

46.6

36.4

43.9

41.6

73.9

84.6

45.0

28.3

35.7

33.3

34.1

35.1

36.5

42.1

48.3

61.3

46.8

50.2

51.0

47.8

49.3

46.6

49.7

52.7

48.9

42.0

44.2

30.6

27.9

28.9

46,3

54.8

84.0

71.2

50.0

53.2

46.6

50.8

36.9

38.6

42.2

70.3

61.3

37.9

29.3

35.7

32.9

33.8

34.7

37.4

39.9

44.0

58.2

47.6

53.2

51.2

43.5

48.8

46.2

47.3

52.4

48.7

45.6

43.3

32.1

26.7

25.9

lRepre~ent~ the mean of aII pOssible ~ombinatiOn$of pairings of the youths and the adults included inthesurvev, calculated frOmthe distributions bY

response option.

000

87
APPENDIX Ii

THE QUESTIONNAIRES

THE PARALLEL QUESTIONS

P&;4~3&4 (Page1) FORMAPPROVED

. BUDGETBUREAU NO. 68-R1700

CONFIDENTIAL – All information which would permit identification of the individual will be held strictly

confidential, will be used only by persons engaged in and for the purposes of the survey and will not be disclosed or

released to others for any other purposes (22 FR 1687).

DEPARTMENTOF

HEALTH,EDUCATION,ANDWELFARE

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE

NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

MEDICAL HISTORY OF YOUTH

Parent’sQuestionnaire 7

NAME OF CHILD (La$t,First,Middle) SEGMENT SERIAL COL. NO,

NOTE: Please answer the questions by checking the correct boxes or by falling in the blanks, as

required. If a question is unclear leave the answer blank and draw a line around the question. A

representative of the Public Health Service will collect your ffiled in questionniare in a few days and

she will help you answer the unclear questions. Thank you for your cooperation.

1. SEX 2. AGE 3. DATE OF BIRTH (Month,Day, Year)

1 ❑ Male 2 ❑ Female

4. PLACE OF BIRTH (CiW or Town, State)

10. Is there anything about his or her health that worries you now?

1 D Yes 2 ❑ INO

+

IF YES: What is it?

11. How would you describe his or her present health?

1 ❑ Poor 2 lJFair 3 •l Good 4 ❑ Very Good 5 •l Excellent

39. At the present time is he or she:

1 ❑ Underweight 2 •l About the right weight 3 ❑ Overweight

lAppropnate revisions in wording such as “your” instead of “his” or “her” were made in the youth’s questionnaire.

88
50.

53.

56.

Some people are cahn, others are nervous (tense, high-strung). Which describes him or her best?

1Kl Not nervous at all

2 •l Somewhat nervous

3 •l Very nervous

Would you say he or she eats:

1 ❑ T’00much

2 ❑ About the right amount

3 ❑ Too little

Who makes most of the decisions on the following: (Check one in each row).

a. Choosing his/her clothes

b. How to spend his/her money

c. Which friends to go out with

d. How late he/she can stay out

57. Does he or she get an allowance? (So much money per week, for example.)

1

?

Yes 2 CINO

t

IF YES: Who decides how much? IF NO: Does he or she earn money from work?

2 ❑ Yes 3 ❑ NO

89
58.-

59.

Looking ahead, what would you like him or her to do about school? (Check one only.)

10

20

30

40

50

Quit school as soon as possible

Finish high school

Get some college or other training after high school

Finish college and get a college degree

Finish college and take further training (medical, law, or other professional school, etc.)

What do you think will happen, as far as school goes? (Check one only.)

10

20

30

4 El

50

Quit school as soon as possible

Finish high school

Get some college or other training after high school

Finish college and get a college degree

Finish college and take further training (medical, law, or other professional school, etc.)

90
60. How important do you think it is for a young person to have each of the qualities or characteristics listed below? (Put one check mark in each row.)

‘a. TO be neat and clean

b. To be able to defend oneself

c. To have self-control

d. To be happy

e. To obey one’s parents

f. To be dependable

g. To be considerate of others

h. To face life’s problems

calmly

i. To obey the law

j. To be ambitious

k. To knowhow to keepin

good health

Extremely Slightly

Important Important Important

(1) (2) (3)

Unimportant

(4]

91
61. If he or she had any of the following conditions, what would you want to do? (Place one

check mark in each row. )

If my child had this condition I would:

a. Stomach ache

b. Sore throat

c. Hurt all over

d. Stiff neck or back

e. Headache

f. Vomit (thro w up)

g. Loss of appetite

h. Overtiredness

i. Pain in chest

j. Lyb~~$e;tomach or

k. Blood in urine or bowel

movement

1, Nervousness

Definitely want to

get in touch

with a doctor

(1)

Probably want to

get in touch

with a doctor

(2)

Not want to

get in touch

with a doctor

(3)

.

92
OTHER RELATED QUESTIONS

PHS 4733-4 (Page 1) FORM APPROVED

REV. 3/66 BUDGET BUREAU NO. 68-R1 700

CONFIDENTIAL– All information which would permit identification of the individual will be heti stn”ctly

confidential, will be used only by persons engaged in and for the purposes of the survey anti will not be disclosed or

released to others for any other purposes (22 RF 1687).

DEPARTMENT OF

HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE

NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

MEDICAL HISTORY OF YOUTH Samplenumber

Parent’s Questionnaire

NAME OF CHILD (Lapt, First, Middle) SEGMENT SERIAL COL. NO.

I I I

NOTE: Please answer the questions by checking the correct boxes or by filling in the blanks, as

required. If a question is unclear leave the answer blank and draw a line around the question. A

representative of the Public Health Service will collect your fflled in questionniare in a few days and

she will help you answer the unclear questions. Thank you for your cooperation.

1. SEX 2. AGE 3. DATE OF BIRTH (Month, Day, Year)

1 ❑ Male 2 ❑ Female

4, PLACE OF BIRTH (CiU or Town, State)

21. Has he or she wet the bed during the past year?

1 •l Yes 2CIN0 3 •l Don’t know

40. As far as physical growth is concerned, is he or she coming along:

1 ❑ Too slowly 2 •l At about the right rate 3 •l Too fast

41. As far as mental development is concerned, is he or she coming along:

1 ❑ Too slowly 2 ❑ at about the right rate 3 •l Too fast

42. How often has he or she stayed overnight at a friend’s house?

I ❑ Never 2 •l Only once or twice 3 •l Quite a few times

HERE ARE SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT SCHOOL:

43. Did this youth go to nursery school?

1 El Yes 2 ❑ NO

93
44. Did he or she go to kindergarten?

1 ❑ Yes 21JN0

46. What was his or her reaction to school during the first few weeks of 1st grade?

1 •l Was quite happy

2 El Was a little upset

3 •l Was quite upset

Q ❑ Was so upset, he or she got sick

5 ❑ I don’t remember or don’t know

47. In general, how easily does he or she make friends?

1 •l Easily

z ❑ Has a little trouble

3 •l Has a lot of trouble

48. How many of his or her friends do you know well?

I ❑ Most of them

z ❑ Half or less

3 •l Almost none

49. How much trouble was he or she to bring up?

1 ❑ None

z ❑ Just a little

3 ❑ Some

4 11 Alot

5 •l Don’t know

51. Has this youth ever been to a mental hospital or guidance clinic?

1 •l Yes, within past year 3CIN0

2 •l Yes, but not within past year 4 •l Don’t know

52. Has he (she) ever seen a psychiatrist, or a psychologist, or have you talked to one about him

(her)?

1 ❑ Yes, within past year 30N0

2 ❑ Yes, but not within past year 4 •l Don’t know

94
54. How fussy an eater is he (she):

ICI Not fussy at all

2CI A little fussy

3 •l Very fussy

55. On a usual day (that is, school or work day), how many meals does he or she eat with adult

family members?

I •l Two or more 2 •l Only one 3 •l None

95
HEALTH HABITS AND HISTORY – Youth

Sample No.

Name (L@, Ftist, Middle) SEGMENT SERIAL COL NO.

INSTRUCTIONS: On the following pages you will fmd a set of questions dealing with your health.

Since every person is different, there are no “standard” answers to the questions; just answer them as

fully and honestly as you can. Your answers will be kept confidential. Do your best to pick the most

likely answer from among the choices given. Only if you really don’t know the answer check “Don’t

know.” WHEN YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE QUESTIONNAIRE, PLEASE MAIL IT BACK TO

THE SURVEY IN THE ENVELOPE WE LEFT WITH YOU–THERE IS NO POSTAGE

NECESSARY IF YOU USE OUR ENVELOPE.

1. SEX 2. AGE 3. DATE OF BIRTH (Mqnth, Day, Year)

1 n Male 2 ❑ Female

30. How often do you have trouble getting to sleep or staying asleep?

1El Very often 2 ❑ Only from time to time 3 ❑ Never

31. How often do you have bad dreams or nightmares?

1❑ Quite frequently 2 ❑ Only from time to time 3 •l Never

32. As far as you know, have you walked in your sleep in the last year or so?

1 ❑ Yes 2!3N0

34. Have you ever been away from your family (home) for at least two months?

1

1

Yes, once xCINO

2 Yes, more than once

39. When did you last see a doctor for a checkup (routine

I ❑ In the last year 4 ❑ Never

2 •l One-two years ago 5 •l I don’t remember

3 ❑ Over two years ago

examination)?

41. When did you last see a dentist for a checkup (routine examination)?

10

20

30

96

In the last year 4 •l Never

One-two years ago 5 •l I don’t remember

Over two years ago
HEALTH BEHAVIOR

Sample No.

I

NAMEOF YOUTH (Last, First,Middle) SEX Age

❑ Male ❑ Female

INSTRUCTIONS: On the following pages you will find a set of questions dealing with your health

behavior. Since every person is different, there are no “standard” answers to the questions; just

answer them as fully and honestly as you can. Your answers will be kept confidential. Do your best

to pick the most likely answer from among the choices given. Only if you really don’t know the

answer check “Don’t know.”

5. How many times have you run away from home? (That means, leaving or staying away on

purpose, knowing you would be missed, intending to stay away from home, at least for some

time.) P

1 •l Once 2 ❑ More than once 3 •l Never

8. How old were you when you began smoking regularly? Years

•l Never have smoked regularly

9. About how manv cigarettes do vou smoke per day?

10

20

30

40

50

60

.- .

-

1 don’t smoke at all

I don’t smoke cigarettes (but I smoke a pipe or cigars)

Less than 1/2 pack

1/2 pack but less than 1 pack

1 pack but less than 2 packs

2 packs or more

000

97
APPENDIX Ill

DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIOECONOMIC

VARIABLES AND RELATED TERMS

Age.–The age recorded for each youth was

age at last birthday as of the date of examination. Age was confirmed by comparison with

the date of birth on the youth’s birth certificate. The age criterion for inclusion in the

sample was the age at the time of the first

interview. Since the examination usually took

place 2 to 4 weeks after the interview, some

youths who were 17 years old at the time of

interview became 18 years old by the time of

examination. There were 58 such cases. In the

adjustment and weighting procedures and in

the analysis, these youths were included in the

17-year-old group.

Grade.–The grade placement of sample

youths was obtained from the questionnaire

sent to the schook they attended. If educational level was not available from the school

questionnaire, grade placement or the fact of

having completed or left school was determined from information noted by examiners

on one of the psychological test record forms.

For youths on summer vacation, the grade

placement recorded was the grade the youth

would enter in the fall.

Modal ,grade.-It was not possible to organize the youths 12 through 17 years of age into

groups to reasonably represent more than one

or two of the six grade levels in school to

which most of them were assigned and thus

present representative data on agreement

according to grade in school; therefore, data

were compiled in terms of grade in school in

relation to age (modal grade). The modal level

for the 12-year-old youths was the seventh

grade, in which 55 percent of them were

located; the modal grade for those 13 years of

age was the eighth; and so forth.

Race. –Race was recorded as “white,” “Negro,” or “other.” The last category included

American Indians, Chinese, Japanese, and all

races other than white or Negro. Mexican

persons were included with “white” unless

definitely known to be American Indian or of

another race. Negroes and persons of mixed

Negro and other parentage were recorded as

“Negro.” The term “Negro” has been replaced

by “black” in this report. Adolescents r&corded

as “other” comprised less than 1 percent of

the sample and data on them are not shown

separately in the detaiIed presentations.

Geographic rega”on.–For purposes of stratification, the United States was divided into

four broad geographic regions of approximately

equal population. These regions closely correspond to those used by the U.S. Bureau of the

Census, were as follows:

Rega”on

Northeast ...........

Midwest ...............

south .................

States included

Maine, Vermont, New

Hampshire, Massachusetts,

Connecticut, Rhode Island,

New York, New Jersey,

and Pennsylvania.

Ohio, Illinois, Indiana,

Michigan, Wisconsin,

Minnesota, Iowa, and Missouri.

Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, West

Virginia, Virginia, Ken98
tucky, Tennessee, North

Caroiina, South Carolina,

Georgia, Florida, Alabama,

Mississippi, Louisiana, and

Arkansas.

West ................... Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska,

North Dakota, South Dakota, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Montana, Wyoming, Alaska, and Hawaii.

Education of parent or guardian –~~e

highest grade completed in school was recorded. The only grades counted were those attended in a regular public or private school where

persons were given formal education, whether

during the day or night and whether attendance was full or part time. A “regular” school

is one which advances a person toward an

elementary or high school diploma, or a college, university, or professional school degree.

Education in vocational, trade, or business

schools outside the regular school system was

not counted in determining the highest grade

of school completed.

Family income.–The income recorded was

the total income received during the past 12

months by the head of the household and all

other household members related to the head

by blood, marriage, or adoption. This income

was the gross cash income (excluding pay in

kind) except in the case of a family with its

own farm or business, in which case net income was recorded.

Parent.–A parent was the natural parent

or, in the case of adoption, the legal parent of

the child.

Guardian.-A guardian was responsible for

the care and supervision of the child. He (or

she) did not have to be the legal guardian to

be considered the guardian for this survey. A

guardianship could only exist when the parent(s) of the child did not reside within the

sample household.

Head of household. –Only one person in

each household was designated as the “head.”

He (or she) was the person who was regarded

as the “head” by the members of the household. In most cases the head was the chief

breadwinner of the family; however, in some

cases the head was the parent of the chief

earner or the only adult member of the

household.

000

*U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1977- 241-1S07

99
Series 1.

Sert”es2.

Series 3.

Series 4.

Series 10.

Series 11,

Series 12.

VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS SERIES

Formerly Public Health Service Publication No. 1000

Programs and Collection Procedures. –Reports which describe the general programs of the National

Center for Health Statistics and its offices and divisions, data collection methods used, definitions, and

other material necessasy for understanding the data.

Data Evaluation and Methods Research. –Studies of new statistical methodology including experimental

tests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods, new analytical techniques,

objective evaluations of reliability of collected data, contributions to statistical theory.

Analytical Studies. –Reports presenting analytical or interpretive studies based on vital and health

statistics, carrying the analysis further than the expository types of reports in the other series.

Documents and Committee Reports. –Final reports of major committees concerned with vital and

health statistics, and documents such as recommended model vital registration laws and revised birth

and death certificates.

Data from the Health Interview Survey. –Statistics on illness; accidental injuries; disability; use of

hospital, medical, dental, and other services; and other health-related topics, based on data collected in

a continuing national household interview survey.

Data from the Health Examination Survey .–Data from direct examination, testing, and measurement

of nationaJ samples of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population provide the basis for two types of

reports: (1) estimates of the medically defined prevalence of specific diseases in the United States and

the distributions of the population with respect to physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics; and (2) analysis of relationships among the vmious measurements without reference to an

explicit finite universe of persons.

Data from the Institutionalized Population Sumeys. -Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports from

these surveys will be in Series 13.

Series 13. Data on Health Resources Utilization. –Statistics on the utilization of health manpower and facilities

providing long-term care, ambulatory care, hospital care, and family planning services.

Series 14. Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Ftzcilities. –Statistics on the numbers, geographic distribution, and characteristics of health resources including physicians, dentists, nurses, other health occupations, hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient facilities.

Series 20. Data on Mortality .-Various statistics on mortality other than as included in regular annual or monthly

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic variables; geographic and time

series analyses; and statistics on characteristics of deaths not available from the vital records, based on

sample surveys of those records.

Series 21. Data on iVatal&y, Marriage, and Divorce. –Various statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce other

series 22,

Series 23.

than as included in regular annual or monthly reports. Special analyses by demographic variables;

geographic and time series analyses; studies of fertility; and statistics on characteristics .of births not

available from the vital records, based on sample surveys of those records.

Data from the National Mortality and Natality Surveys. –Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports

from these sample surveys based on vital records will be included in Series 20 and 21, respectively.

Data from the National Survey of Family Growth. –Statistics on fertility, family formation and dissolution, family planning, and related maternal and infant health topics derived fro-m a biennial survey of

a nationwide probability sample of ever-married women 1544 years of age.

For a list of titles of reports published in these series, write to: Scientific and Technical Information Branch

National Center for Health Statistics

Public Health Service, HRA

Rockville, Md. 20857