Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

Roberts, Jean 

Blood pressure levels of persons 6-74 years, United States, 1971-1974. 

(Vital and health statistics: Series 11, Data from the National Health Survey; no. 203) 

(DHEW publication, no. (HRA) 78-1648) 

Includes bibliographical references. 

1. Blood pressure-United States-Statistics. 2. Hypertension-United States-Statistics. 

3. Health surveys-United States. I. Maurer, Kurt, joint author. II. Title. III. Series: United 

States. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and health statistics: Series 1 I, Data from 

the National Health Survey, Data from lthe health examination survey; no. 203. IV. Series: 

United States. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. DHEW publication; no. (HRA) 

78-1648. [DNLR4: 1. Blood pressure-Statistics. W2 A N 148vk no. 2031 

RA407.3.A347 no. 203 [ RA645.H9] 312’.0973s 77-608054 

ISBN O-8406-0087-9 [612’.14’0973] 
Data from the 

NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY 

Blood Pressure levels 

of Persons 6-74 Years 

United States, 1971-1974 

Survey methods and findings from single readings of systolic and 

diastolic blood pressure of the civilian noninstitutionalized population by age, sex, race, and selected demographic and socioeconomic variables, based on data from the first HeaIth and Nutrition 

Examination Survey of 1971-1974. 

DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 78-1648 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE 

Public Health Service 

Health Resources Administration 

National Center for Health Statistics 

Hyattsville, Md. September ‘I 977 

Series 11 

Number 203 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS 

DOROTHY P. RICE, Director 

ROBERT A. ISRAEL, Deputy Director 

JACOB J. FELDMAN, Ph.D., Associate Director for Analysis 

GAIL F. FISHER, Associate Director for the Cooperative He& S tutistics System 

ELIJAH L. WHITE, Associate Director for Data Systems 

JAMES T. BAIRD, JR., Ph.D., Associate Directorfor Intemutionu~ Statistics 

ROBERT C. HUBER, Associate Director for Management 

MONROE G. SIRKEN, Ph.D., Associate Director for A4uthemuticu~ Statistics 

PETER L. HURLEY, Associate Director for Operations 

JAMES M. ROBEY, Ph.D., Associate Director for Progrum Development 

PAUL E. LEAVERTON, Ph.D., Associate Director for Research 

ALICE HAYWOOD, Information Officer 

DIVISION OF HEALTH EXAMINATION STATISTICS 

MICHAEL A. W. HATTWICK, M.D., Director 

JEAN ROBERTS, Chief, Medical Statistics Brunch 

ROBERT S. MURPHY, Chief Strruey Phwing and Development Brunch 

COOPERATION OF THE U.S. BUREAU OF THE CENSUS 

Under the legislation establishing the National Health Survey, the Public Health Service is 

authorized to use, insofar as possible, the services or facilities of other Federal, State, or private 

agencies. 

In accordance with specifications established by the National Center for Health Statistics, 

the Bureau of the Census, under a contractual arrangement, participated in the design and selection of the sample and in carrying out the first stage of the field interviewing and certain parts 

of the statistical processing. 

Vital and Health Statistics-Series 1 I-No. 203 

DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 78-1648 

Library of Congress Catalog Curd Number 77-6080.54 
CONTENTS 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..................... 1 

Data Sources ............................................................................................................................................. 2 

Blood Pressure Measurements .............................................................................................................. 2 

Medical History .................................................................................................................................... 4 

Findings .................................................................................................................................................... 

Children ............................................................................................................................................... 

Youths ................................................................................................................................................. 

Adults .................................................................................................................................................. 

Ancestry ............................................................................................................................................... 

Geographic Region .............................................................................................................................. 

Income ................................................................................................................................................ 

Education ............................................................................................................................................ 

Population Density .............................................................................................................................. 

Hypertension ....................................................................................................................................... 

Comparison With Previous National Survey Findings ........................................................................... 

Comparison With Other Studies ........................................................................................................... 

4 

4 

7 

9 

14 

14 

15 

16 

I7 

18 

2 

Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 

References ................................................................................................................................................ 

List of Detailed Tables ........................................................................................................................... 

Appendixes 

I. Statistical Notes .......................................................................................................................... 

II. Demographic and Socioeconomic Terms ..................................................................................... 

29 

32 

34 

91 

99 

HI. Sources of Variation in Blood Pressure Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 

LIST OF FIGURES 

1. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 years, by age and sex: 

United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 

years, by age: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diastolic blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 

years, by age: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

4. hlean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white boys and girls 6-17 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

5. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro boys and girls 6-17 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

6. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white and Negro boys 6-17 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

7. hlean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white and Negro girls 6-17 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

iii 
8. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by age and sex: United States, 

1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 

9. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic blood pressure of males 6-74 years, by age: 

United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

10. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic blood pressure of females 6-74 years, by age: 

United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

11. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diatstolic blood pressure of males 6-74 years, by age: 

United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diastolic blood pressure of females 6-74 years, by age: 

United States, 19 7 1-l 9 74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

13. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ,white males and females 7-74 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

14. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro males and females 7-74 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

15. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white and Negro males 7-74 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 

‘16. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Iwhite and Negro females 7-74 years, by age: United 

States, 1971-1974 . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

17. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 years, by age and sex: 

United States, 1971-1974, 1963-1965, and 1966-1970 I................................................................. 

18. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 18-74 years, by age and sex: United States, 

1971-1974 and 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

19. Mean blood pressure levels of U.S. boys and girls 6-17 years of age in the 1960 Tecumseh, Michigan, study; 1966 St. Louis study; estimates for the U.S. population in 1963-1970 and 1971-1974; 

and 1927-1967 Denver study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

20. Mean blood pressure levels of adults in the 1959 Society of Actuaries’ Build and Blood Pressure 

(BBP) study; the 1960 Tecumseh, Michigan, study; and estimates for the U.S. population in 

1960-1962 and 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

21. Mean blood pressure levels of white and Negro men and women in the 1973-1975 nationwide 

Community Hypertension Evaluation Clinic (CHEC) program and estimates for the U.S. population in 1960-1962 and 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

LIST OF TEXT TABLES 

A. Number and percent distribution of adults 18-74 years by responses to selected medical history 

questions, according to hypertensive status: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

B. Number and percent distribution of adults 18-74 years by responses to selected medical history 

questions, according to hypertensive status: United States, 1960-l 962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

C. Design characteristics of selected studies of blood pressure among children and youths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

9 

10 

10 

11 

11 

12 

13 

13 

14 

23 

24 

28 

29 

30 

20 

26 

27 
SYMBOLS 

Data not av&lable _____-__-_ - -_------____________________ _ _ _ 

Category not applicable-- -----_---___________________ . . . 

Quantity zero--------------------------------------------- 

Quantity more than 0 but less than 0.05--- 0.0 

Figure does not meet standards of 

reliability or precision _______________________ -___ * 
BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS OF PERSONS 6-74 YEARS 

Jean Roberts and Kurt Maurer, Division of Health Examination Statistics 

INTRODUCTION 

This report includes estimates of the blood 

pressure levels of the U.S. population age 6-74 

years based on findings from the first Health and 

Nutrition Examination Survey among a national 

probability sample examined in 1971-1974. The 

data from the single systolic and diastolic 

readings are analyzed by age, sex, race, ancestry, 

geographic region, population density, income, 

and education. NationaI estimates of the prevalence of hypertension as determined from these 

blood pressure measurements, of previously 

diagnosed hypertension, and of antihypertensive 

drug usage are also included. 

The Health Examination Survey, in which 

these data were obtained, is one of the major 

programs of the National Center for Health 

Statistics authorized under the National Health 

Survey Act of 1956 by the 84th Congress as a 

continuing Public Health Service activity to 

determine the health status of the population. 

The National Health Survey1 is carried out 

through the programs of the Health Examination Survey; the Health Interview Survey, which 

collects health information from samples of 

persons by household interviews focused primarily on the impact of illness and disability 

within various population groups; the Health 

Manpower and Facilities surveys which obtain 

data on hospitals, nursing homes and other 

resident institutions, and the entire range of 

personnel in the health occupations; and the 

Health Resources Utilization surveys. 

Only in the Health Examination Survey 

programs are health data collected by direct 

physical examinations, tests, and measurements 

performed on samples of the population. Hence 

it provides the best of the survey methods for 

obtaining diagnostic data on the prevalence of 

medically defined illness. It is the only one of 

the survey programs of the National Center for 

Health Statistics that secures information on 

previously unrecognized or undiagnosed conditions as well as on a variety of physical, 

physiological, and psychological measures within 

the population. Medical history, demographic, 

and socioeconomic data with which the examination findings may be interrelated are also 

collected on the sample population under study 

in these examination surveys. 

Since it was organized, the Health Examination Survey has been conducted as a series of 

separate programs, called “cycles,“each of which 

is limited to some specific segment of the U.S. 

population and to specific aspects of health. 

During the first cycle, in 1960-1962, the 

prevalence of certain chronic diseases and distributions of various physical and physiological 

measures, including bIood pressure, were determined among a defined adult population.293 For 

that program a national probability sample of 

7,710 adults, of whom 6,672 (86.5 percent) 

were examined, was selected to represent the 

111 million civilian noninstitutionalized adults 

age 18-79 years in the U.S. population at that 

time. 

For the second and third cycles in 1963- 

1965 and 1966-1970, the target populations 

were the Nation’s noninstitutionalized children 

age 6-11 years and youths age 12-17 years, 

respectively .4*5 In both programs the examination focused primariiy on health factors related 

to growth and development. For the second 
program a probability sample of 7,417, of which 

7,119 (96 percent) were examined, was selected 

to represent the nearly 24 million noninstitutionalized children age 6-11 years in the United 

States. For the third program the national 

probability sample size was 7,518, of which 

6,768 (90 percent) were examined, was selected 

to represent the 22.7 million youths age 12-17 

years in the civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

The first Health and Nutrition Examination 

Survey (HANES), from which the findings in 

this report were derived, was designed to measure the nutritional status of the U.S. population 

age l-74 years and to obtain some limited 

information on the general health status of the 

entire age group, as well as more detailed 

information on the health status and medical 

care needs of adults age 25-74 years in the 

civilian noninstitutionalized population. A comprehensive description of the content and plan 

of operation of the first HANES program, 

including the sample design, has been published.6 

As in previous Health Examination Survey 

programs, the U.S. Bureau of the Census cooperated in designing the sample and in the initial 

interviewing at selected eligible households in 

the 65 primary sampling units (PSU’s) throughout the United States. Additional household 

visiting, interviewing, history taking, and explaining the examination portion of the program 

were performed by members of the field teams 

of the mobile examination center. The selected 

sample persons for whom an appointment could 

be made were brought into the specially constructed mobile examination centers which were 

moved into a central location in each of the 

primary sampling units. The teams, which traveled to the various survey locations throughout 

the country, included medical and dental examiners, technicians, interviewers, and other staff. 

The probability sample design used in the 

study provided for a higher sampling ratio of 

(oversampling among) the poor, preschool 

children, women of childbearing ages, and the 

elderly than the ratio among others in the 

civilian noninstitutionalized population. 

Field data collection operations for the first 

HANES survey were started in April 1971 and 

completed in June 1974. Of the 28,043 persons 

age l-74 years selected to represent the 194 

million of that age in the civilian noninstitutionalized population, 20,749 (74.0 percent) 

were examined. The response rate decreases with 

age from 83.7 percent among those l-5 years to 

64.3 percent among the group 65-74 years. 

When adjustments are made for the differential 

sampling ratios used in the age-, sex-, incomedefined population subgroups, this represents an 

effective response rate of 75.2 percent. Arnong 

those 6-74 years of age at the time of interview 

for whom blood pressure levels were dietermined, there were 17,854 examined out of the 

probability sample of 24,513 selected to r’epresent the 131.4 million of that age in the civilian 

noninstitutionalized population. This is an unadjusted response rate of 72.8 percent and an 

effective adjusted response rate of 74.4 percent. 

The findings in this report are shown as 

national estimates based on weighted observations, i.e., the data obtained for each examined 

person are inflated to the level of the total 

population of which the sample was representative. The estimates have been calculateId as 

though the examined persons in each of the age 

(at interview), sex, and income classes are a 

random subsample of the sample persons in the 

same class. While there is evidence from earlier 

examination surveys and medical history data 

from HANES that this is not an unreasonable 

approximation, it is clear that some estimates 

are subject to considerable risk of bias when 

more than one-quarter of the sample persons in 

a particular age-sex-income class were not 

examined. All age-specific data in the report are 

shown as age at the time of the examination. 

Statistical notes on the sample design, reliability of the data, and sampling and measurement error are included in appendix I. Demographic and socioeconomic terms are defined in 

appendix II. Sources of variation affecting the 

reliability of the blood pressure measurements 

are discussed in appendix III. 

DATA SOURCES 

Blood Pressure Measurements 

Upon arrival at the examination center the 

examinee was greeted by the nurse and coordi2 
nator who described the general procedures to 

be followed. Examinees then changkd from street 

clothes into disposable examination uniforms 

designed to facilitate and standardize various 

elements of the examination. The oral temperature of each examinee was then taken by the 

coordinator and reported to the staff physician 

if over 101’ F. Major elements in the examination were venipuncture, body measurement, 

dental examination, and physical examination 

by the staff physician. The sequence was varied 

to keep to a minimum the time the examinee 

was in the examining center and to permit the 

most efficient use of the examiner’s time. 

As the first procedure in the physical examination given as part of the nutritional screening 

evaluation, the staff physician, with the assistance of the nurse, measured the examinee’s 

bIood pressure while the examinee was seated. 

Blood pressure was measured indirectly with 

a standard clinical sphygmomanometer, the instrument usually used in physicians’ offices and 

in most surveys to obtain blood pressure. In 13 

of the first 16 examination locations an aneroid 

instrument was used. In the remaining 52 

locations the standard mercury sphygmomanometer was employed. 

The following guidelines, based on the 

American Heart Association’s “Recommendations for Human Blood Pressure Determinations 

by Sphygmomanometers,“7 were observed: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

The cuff was at least 20 percent wider 

than the diameter of the arm or covered 

approximately two-thirds of the arm. 

(An adult 13-cm. cuff and a pediatric 

9.5-cm. cuff were provided.) 

The manometer was at eye level with the 

physician. 

The meniscus of the mercury instruments was checked weekly for zero-level 

calibration. 

While measuring, the rate of fall in 

pressure was maintained at 2-3 mm. Hg 

per heartbeat, which was slow enough,to 

detect the first and last sounds but 

sufficiently rapid to avoid the intermittent trapping of blood between systolic and diastolic levels. 

5. For diastolic pressure, the level was 

recorded at the point of complete cessation of Korotkoff’s sounds or, if there 

was no cessation, the point of muffling. 

6. Measurements were recorded to the 

nearest 2 mm. on the scale. 

The middle of the cuff was placed over the 

bulge in the upper right arm. Using the bell of 

the stethoscope, the physician noted and 

recorded the systolic pressure (when the sound 

was first heard) and the diastolic pressure (when 

the sounds disappeared or first became muffled). 

Although results will generally be comparable with clinical findings, indirect blood pressure 

measurements may differ from “true” values, 

i.e., those obtained by direct (intra-arterial) 

measurement. The direct and indirect methods 

of measurement have been found to agree 

closely for systolic pressure if the cuff size is 

appropriate to the examinee’s height and arm 

girth. For diastolic pressure, however, the agreement is not as good. Use of the American Heart 

Association criterion-the point of complete 

cessation of sound or, if no cessation, the point 

at which it first becomes muffled-will tend to 

underestimate intra-arterial diastolic blood pressure. However, had the point at which the sounds 

first become muffled been used, there would 

have been a similar bias introduced in the 

opposite direction.8 yg 

Blood pressure measurements obtained on 

less than one-third of the examinees in the first 

35 locations with aneroid instruments did not 

differ significantly from those obtained with 

mercury sphygmomanometers from the remaining two-thirds of the first half-sample. Mean 

systolic pressures for the two groups differed by 

less than 1 mm. Hg (0.3), while mean diastolic 

pressure differed by just slightly more than 1 

mm. Hg (1.2), differences that could easily be 

due to sampling variability alone and are not 

statistically significant at the 5-percent probability level.1 O 

Because blood pressure may vary considerably over a short period of time under even 

relatively standard conditions, these single measurements can be considered only a rough estimate of the examinees’ “true” blood pressure. 

They wiB also probably somewhat overstate the 

“true” blood pressure levels in the population 

3 
since in previous surveys the initial blood pressure was found to be somewhat higher than 

subsequent readings.1 9 ?22,23 

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements were obtained by the staff physician 

for 98.9 percent of all examinees age 6-74 years. 

The proportion not measured ranged from 25 

percent at 6 years, to 1.4 percent at 7-l 1 years 

and to less than one percent (0.6 percent or less) 

among the youths and adults at 12-74 years. 

Estimates of missing measurements were made 

for those persons age 7-74 years but not for the 

6-year-olds, as described in appendix I. The 

blood pressure data for the 6-year-olds are 

shown separately in the detailed tables because 

the national estimates based on them are subject 

to substantially more risk of bias than those for 

persons age 7-74 years. 

Medical History 

The field representative from the mobile 

examining center who visited the household of 

each person selected in the sample to make the 

appointment for the examination, obtained a 

medical history for all sample persons age 12-74 

years which included questions on whether the 

individual had ever been told by a doctor that he 

had high blood pressure and whether he had 

used any medication for that condition within 

the preceding 6 months. 

FINDINGS 

Children 

Age and sex. -Systolic blood pressure among 

U.S. children increases significantly with age 

from a mean of 95.6 mm. Hg at 6 years to a 

mean of 106.0 mm. Hg at 11 years, an increase 

of 10.4 mm. Hg with an average increment of 

2.1 mm. Hg per year of age (table 1 and figure 

1). Across the more reliable part of the age 

range, 7-l 1 years, the mean value increases more 

slowly from 99.9 mm. Hg to 106.0 mm. Hg, an 

average increment of 1.5 mm. Hg per year of 

age. 

Boys and girls show a similar pattern of 

increase in systolic blood pressure with age, 

although the trend is somewhat less consistent, 

3 D 

E 0” 80 - 0 ,’ DIASTOLIC 

4 

L/J 0 ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 

I AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BiRTHDAY 

Figure 1. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 

and youths 6-17 years, by age and sex: United States, 

1971-1974. 

reflecting the greater sampling variability in 

these estimates than for all children. The yearly 

increment for boys age 6-11 of 2.0 mm. Hg is 

just slightly less than the 2.2-mm. Hg annud 

increase for girls. At each year of age, except 7 

and 10 years, the mean systolic pressure for girls 

slightly exceeds that for boys, but differences 

are not large enough to be statistically significant. 

The variability in systolic blood pressure 

among children 6-11 years, as measured by the 

standard deviation, shows no consistent increase 

with age, although it is least at 6 years. However, 

the relative variability in relation to the size of 

the mean values (100 times the ratio of the 

standard deviation to the mean) remains consistently between 11 and 12 percent across the ag’e 

range and is no greater among boys than girls. At 

each of the selected percentile points in the 

distribution of these systolic pressures there is a 

general pattern of increase with age for boys and 

girls from 6 or 7 to 11 years, but the in.crease 

with age at the lower percentiles is about the 

same as at the upper percentiles (table 1 and 

figure 2). 

For the entire 7-11-year age group, systolic 

blood pressure means for boys and girls are 

4 
160 

r 

140 - 

Ok, ’ 1 ’ ,b ’ 1: ’ 1: ’ ,‘, ’ lb 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 2. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic 

blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 years, by age: 

United States, 1971-1974. 

identical-103.3 mm. Hg-and the standard 

deviation just slightly greater among girls (12.3 

mm. Hg) than among boys (12.0 mm. Hg). 

Mean diastolic blood pressure among children also increases significantly with age from 6 

to 11 years, but at an annual increment only 

about half that of systolic pressure. The mean 

level increases from 61.0 mm. Hg at age 6 years 

to 66.6 mm. Hg at age 11 years, an average 

yearly increment of 1.1 mm. Hg. From ages 7 to 

11 years the average annual increment is slightly 

less-O.9 mm. Hg. 

Boys 6-l 1 years show a slightly faster rate of 

increase in mean diastolic pressure (1.3 mm. Hg 

per year) than girls (1.0 mm. Hg per year). At 

each year of age from 7 through 11 years mean 

diastolic pressure for boys is slightly, but not 

significantly, greater than for girls, whereas at 6 

years of age the reverse is evident. 

The variability in diastolic blood pressure 

levels of children, as measured by the standard 

deviation, is slightly less at 6 years of age than at 

7-11 years, but shows no consistent trend with 

age from 7 through 11 years. The relative 

variability in relation to the mean values is 

slightly greater for diastolic than for systolic 

blood pressure of children, ranging from 14 to 

16 percent (compared with 11 to 12 percent for 

systolic pressure) for boys and girls throughout 

this age span. As with systolic pressure, there is a 

general pattern of increase with age between 6 

or 7 years and 11 years (figure 3). 

For the entire 7-l l-year age group, the mean 

diastolic blood pressure of boys (65.1 mm. Hg) 

is slightly, but not significantly, higher than that 

for girls (64.3 mm. Hg), while the standard 

deviation in these levels among girls (10.0 mm. 

Hg) is negligibly greater than among boys (9.6 

mm. Hg). 

The bivariate distributions of systolic and 

diastolic blood pressure levels among boys and 

girls 7-11 years of age are generally similar, with 

59 percent of boys and 55 percent of girls 

having systolic pressure of 90-119 mm. Hg and 

diastolic pressure 60-79 mm. Hg (tables 2 and 

3). The proportion of children with substantially 

elevated blood pressure-systolic of at least 140 

mm. Hg or diastolic of at least 90 mm. Hg-is 

less than 1 percent and is about the same among 

girls (0.9 percent) and boys (0.8 percent). 

120 

r 

fh 

th 

th 

th 

40 r 

0 L.4 ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 

6 a 10 12 14 16 18 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 3. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diastolic 

blood pressure of children and youths 6-17 years, by age: 

United States, 1971-1974. 

5 
Race.-The mean systolic pressure of white 

children in the United States increases significantly with age from 95.4 mm. Hg at age 6 and 

99.7 mm. Hg at age 7 to 106.2 mm. Hg at age 

11, an average gain of 2.2 mm. Hg per year 

from 6 to 11 years and 1.6 mm. Hg per year 

from 7 to 11 years. This gain is similar to the 

respective yearly increase for children of all 

races combined. For white boys and girls ages 6 

to 11 years the yearly increments are identical 

(2.2 mm. Hg). None of the mean differences in 

age-specific systolic pressures for white boys and 

girls are large enough to be statistically significant and those for girls are the higher at only 3 

of the 6 years of age: 6,8, and 11 years (table 4 

and figure 4). 

For the 7-11-year age group, the mean 

systolic blood pressure levels for white boys and 

girls are nearly identical (103.6 and 103.1 mm. 

Hg, respectively) and the standard deviations in 

the distribution of these levels among the two 

groups are also similar (12.0 and 12.4 mm. Hg, 

respectively). 

As for all races combined, the mean diastolic 

blood pressure levels of white children increase 

significantly with age, from 6 or 7 years to 11 

years but at a slower rate than for systolic 

pressure. The yearly increment for white children from 6 to 11 years is 1.2 mm. Hg and from 

7 to 11 years is 1.0 mm. Hg. For white boys at 

7-11 years the mean diastolic blood pressure 

(65.3 mm. Hg) slightly exceeds the pressure for 

white girls (64.2 mm. Hg), and over the 6-11- 

year age range the age-specific mean levels for 

boys slightly exceed those for girls at 7, 9, and 

10 years. 

Among Negro children, the mean systolic 

blood pressure increases significantly with age 

from 6 and 7 years to 11 years as it did among 

white children, but at a slower, less consistent 

rate. For Negro boys the mean systolic blood 

pressure increases generally with age from 98.6 

mm. Hg at 6 years and 100.6 mm. Hg at 7 years 

to 105.6 mm. Hg at 11 years, while for Negro 

girls the mean levels are slightly lower at 6-8 

years than at 9-11 years (table 5 and figure 5). 

The mean systolic pressure for 7-11-year-old 

Negro boys (102.1 mm. Hg) is only slightly 

lower than that for Negro girls (104.2 mm. Hg). 

At each of the individual years in the 7-lO-year 

range the mean systolic levels for boys are 

slightly, but not significantly, lower thah for 

girls. Mean diastolic pressures for Negro children 

tend to be slightly higher at 10 and 11 years for 

boys and 9-11 years for girls than they are for 

younger Negro children, but the relationship 

140 r 

0 LJ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 

6 8 10 12 14 16 1 El 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST SlRTHDAY 

140 r NEGRO 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 4. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white Figure 5. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro 

boys and girls 6-17 years, by age: United States, 1971-1974. boys and girls 6-17 years, by age: United States, 1971-1974. 
AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

140 - GIRLS 

0 t’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 

6 8 10 12 14 16 ia 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 6. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white 

and Negro boys 6-17 years, by age: United States, 1971-1974. 

Figure 7. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white 

and Negro girls 6-17 years, by age: United States, 1971-1974. 

between age and pressure levels is less consistent 

than that for white children. 

Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure 

levels for white and Negro children age 7-11 years 

are similar-systolic mean of 103.3 mm. Hg for 

white and 103.2 mm. Hg for Negro children 

with diastolic means of 64.8 mm. Hg for white 

and 64.3 mm. Hg for Negro children. The 

pattern of racial differences in mean blood 

pressure levels across the age range is not 

consistent among boys or girls (figures 6 and 7). 

Youths 

Age and sex.-Among youths, mean systolic 

blood pressure increases from 109.3 mm. Hg at 

12 years of age to 116.3 mm. Hg at 17 years, a 

total increase of 7.0 mm. Hg or an average 

yearly increment of 1.4 mm. Hg (table 6 and 

figure 1). This rate of increase is similar to that 

for children from 7 to 11 years. With the slight 

acceleration in systolic pressure from ages 10 to 

14 years, the average annual increment over the 

entire 7-17-year timespan is slightly more 

rapid-l.6 mm. Hg per year. 

Boys but not girls in the youth age range 

show a consistent increase with age in mean 

systolic blood pressure in contrast to the findings among children. From 12 to 17 years, the 

mean levels for boys increase steadily from 

108.9 mm. Hg to 119.5 mm. Hg, an average 

increment of 2.1 mm. Hg per year, while for 

girls the increase is slight and inconsistent over 

the age range, from the mean of 109.7 mm. Hg 

at 12 years to 112.2 mm. Hg at 17 years, an 

average increment of only 0.5 mm. Hg per year. 

The mean systolic blood pressure of boys and 

girls ages 6-14 years are similar, showing only 

small differences not consistently in the same 

direction probabIy due to sampling variability 

alone. However, from 15-17 years the mean 

levels for boys consistently exceed those for girls 

by magnitudes which are statistically significant 

and increase with age from 4.7 mm. Hg at 15 

years to 7.3 mm. Hg at 17 years. 

The variability m systolic blood pressure 

among youths, as measured by the standard 

deviation, is slightly greater than among children 

and does increase, though negligibly, with age 

from 15 to 17 years for both boys and girls. 

However, the relative variability in relation to 

the mean shows no age-related pattern and is at 

about the same level among youths (11-13 

percent) as among children (1 l-l 2 percent). At 

each of the selected percentile points in the 

distribution of systolic blood pressures among 

7 
boys, but not girls, there is a general and 

significant increase in pressure with age from 12 

to 17 years, reflecting the greater proportion of 

boys than girls by this age with substantially 

elevated blood pressure. This increase in pressure 

levels from 12 to 17 ,years for boys is more than 

twice as great at the upper extreme of the 

distribution-the 90th and 95th percentiles 

(19.8and 21.8 mm. Hg, respectively) than across 

the remainder of the distribution where the 

differences between the levels at 12 years and 17 

years range from 6.7 mm. Hg at the 10th to 9.6 

mm. Hg at the 25th percentiles. The age-related 

trend for girls in systolic pressure is less consistent and the increases between 12 and 17 

years of age are 2.0 mm. Hg or less at all 

percentile points, except at the 95th where the 

increment is 4.0 mm. Hg. 

For the entire 12-17-year age range, the 

mean systolic blood pressure of boys (114.9 

mm. Hg) is significantly higher than that for girls 

(111.9 mm. Hg) because of the differences at 

ages 15-17 years, and the variability is just 

slightly greater among boys than girls (standard 

deviations of 13.8 and 13.4 mm. Hg). 

The mean diastolic blood pressure of youths 

increases significantly with age from 67.4 mm. 

Hg at age 12 years to 72.6 mm. Hg at 17 years, 

an increment of 1.0 mm. Hg per year, which is 

nearly identical to that noted for children from 

6 to 11 years of age. Hence, over the entire 

6-17-year range the average yearly increment 

remains about 1.0 mm. Hg. The mean diastolic 

pressures of boys and girls are similar at 6-14 

years, while from 15-17 years the levels of boys 

are consistently higher. 

The variability in diastolic blood pressure 

levels, as measured by the standard deviation, is 

slightly less at 12 than at 17 years but shows no 

trend consistent with age for either boys or girls, 

a finding similar to that for diastolic pressure 

among children. In relation to the size of the 

mean values, the relative variability of the 

diastolic pressure shows no age-related pattern 

and is at about the same level among youths (13- 

15 percent) as among children (14-16 percent). 

Among both children and youths thle relative 

variability in diastolic pressure is slightly greater 

than in systolic pressure (11-13 percent). 

For all youths, the mean diastolic pressure 

of boys (70.5 mm. Hg) is significantly higher 

than that of girls (69.0 mm. Hg), while the 

standard deviation among boys (10.0 mm. Hg) is 

only negligibly larger than that among girls (9.7 

mm. Hg). 

In the bivariate distributions for thle two 

blood pressure measurements among U.S. 

youths 12-17 years of age, nearly two-thirds of 

the boys (67 percent) and girls (65 percent) have 

systolic pressures of loo-129 mm. Hg and 

diastolic pressures of 60-89 mm. Hg (tables 7 

and 8). The proportion of youths in this age 

range with substantially elevated blood 

pressure-systolic pressure of at least 140 mm. 

Hg or diastolic of at least 90 mm. Hg-is nearly 

twice as great among boys (8 percent) as among 

girls (4 percent) of this age. Similarly, the 

proportion with substantial elevations of both 

systolic and diastolic pressures-systolic pressure 

of at least 140 mm. Hg and diastolic pressure of 

at least 90 mm. Hg-is about twice as large 

among boys (1.3 percent) as among girls (0.7 

percent). 

Race.-Similar to the findings for youths of 

all races, the mean systolic blood pressure of 

white youths in the United States increases 

significantly with age among boys but not 

among girls. For all white youths there is an 

increase from 109.8 mm. Hg at 12 years of age 

to 116.5 mm. Hg at 17 years, a rate of 1.3 mm. 

Hg per year, which is large enough to be considered statistically significant (table 9 and figure 

4). 

For white boys the mean systolic pressure 

levels increase from 109.7 mm. Hg at 12 years 

to 120.1 mm. Hg at 17 years, an average rate of 

2.1 mm. Hg per year of age, while white girls 

show no significant or consistent age-related 

trend. At 12 and 13 years, mean levels for white 

boys and girls are essentially identical, bu.t from 

14 years on the mean systolic pressure levels for 

white boys become progressively greater than 

those for white girls until by 16 and 17 years of 

age the mean differences are too large to reflect 

sampling variability alone. 

At 12-17 years the mean systolic blood 

pressure for white boys (115.1 mm. Hg) is 

significantly greater than that for white girls 

(112.0 mm. Hg), but the variability in systolic 

blood pressure among the two groups is similar 

(standard deviations of 13.8 mm. Hg for white 

boys, 13.4 mm. Hg for white girls). 
The mean diastolic blood pressure of both 

white boys and girls age 12-17 years increases 

significantly with age from 67.7 mm. Hg at 1.2 

years to 73.9 mm. Hg at 17 years (a rate of 1.2 

mm. Hg per year) for white boys and from 67.3 

mm. Hg at 12 years to 71.1 mm. Hg at 17 years 

(a rate of 0.8 mm. Hg per year) for white girls. 

Although the mean diastolic levels for white 

boys generally exceed those for white girls from 

12 to 17 years, the age-specific differences, as 

well as the differences for the total age group, 

are not large enough to be statistically significant. 

Among Negro youths there is a significant 

increase with age in mean systolic blood pressure 

from 107.0 mm. Hg at 12 years to 113.7 mm. 

Hg at 17 years, an average of 1.3 mm. Hg per 

year of age (table 10 and figure 5). The rate of 

increase, however, is substantially more rapid 

among Negro boys (2.2 mm. Hg per year of age) 

than among Negro girls (0.4 mm. Hg per year of 

age). Although the trend is similar to that for 

white youths, the increases are less consistent 

over the age range, probably because of the 

greater sampling variability in the national estimates for this substantially smaller segment of 

the population. 

Diastolic blood pressure of Negro youths 

increases significantly with age from a mean of 

67.5 mm. Hg at 12 years of age to a mean of 

71.6 mm. Hg at 17 years, a gain of 0.8 mm. Hg 

per year. The increase from 12 to 17 years 

among Negro boys is more consistent and the 

rate of increase (1.1 mm. Hg per year) for them 

is more than twice that among Negro girls (0.5 

mm. Hg per year). 

Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure 

levels of Negro boys and girls 12-17 years of age 

are similar. The differences between the systolic 

mean values of 112.5 mm. Hg for boys and 

111.6 mm. Hg for girls, and diastolic mean 

values of 71.1 mm. Hg for boys and 69.3 mm. 

Hg for girls are small enough to be due to 

sampling variability alone. 

As in findings among those 6-11 years of age 

(figure 6), mean systolic and diastolic blood 

pressure levels for white and Negro boys age 

12-17 years reflect no consistent significant 

pattern of racial differences. 

The age-specific mean levels of systolic and 

diastolic blood pressure among white and Negro 

girls also fail to show a consistent or significant 

pattern of racial differences across either the 

12-17-year or 6-17-year age ranges (figure 7). 

Adults 

Age and sex--The mean systolic blood 

pressure of civilian noninstitutionalized adults in 

the United States, as estimated from the Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey findings in 

this cross-sectional study of 1971-1974, increases significantly and consistently with age 

from 119.0 mm. Hg in ages 18-24 years to 150.1 

mm. Hg in ages 65-74 years (table 11). The 

increment is least among young adults 18-34 

years (averaging 0.2 mm. Hg per year), then 

increases to and maintains a fairly steady rate of 

increase from 35 years on (an average of 0.8 

mm. Hg per year). The rate of increase in 

systolic pressure is most rapid among children 

and youths (1.6 mm. Hg per year), then decreases to a minimal rate among young adults. 

-.~ - --~ 

For both men and women, mean systolic 

blood pressure increases significantly with age 

but from 25 years on, the rate is substantially 

faster among women than men (figure 8). The 

increase is at a minimum and similar for both 

men and women ages 18-34 years (an average in160 

1 

Of I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 so 60 70 60 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 8. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 

7-74 years, by age and sex: United States, 1971-1974. 

9 
crement of 0.2 mm. Hg per year). In ages 25-44 

years and 45-64 years the average yearly increment is two to three times greater among women than men (an average annual increment of 

0.7 mm. Hg for women compared wi,th 0.2 mm. 

Hg for men in ages 25-44 years and 1.1 mm. Hg 

for women compared with 0.4 mm. Hg for men 

in ages 45-64 years). 

Mean systolic pressure levels of males age 

15-44 years are significantly higher than those 

for females, the differences reaching a maximum 

of nearly 9 mm. Hg in ages 18-24 and 25-34 

years. In ages 45-54 years the mean systolic 

pressure of men is just slightly greater than that 

of women while from 55 years on the mean 

levels for women exceed significantly those for 

men by 4 to 6 mm. Hg. 

The variability in systolic blood pressure 

levels of adults, as measured by the standard 

deviation, increases consistently with age from 

13.8 mm. Hg among young adults 18-24 years to 

25.2 mm. Hg among the oldest age group, 65-74 

years. From 35 years on there is greater variability among women than among men in these 

pressure levels, though in ages 65-74 years the 

difference is negligible. In relation to the size of 

the mean systolic blood pressures, the relative 

variability in these levels among adults is less in 

ages 18-44 years (12-14 percent) than in ages 45 

years and over (17 percent). Among men the 

relative variability is negligibly less (1 O-12 percent in ages 18-44 years and 15-17 percent in 

ages 45-74 years) than among women of a 

corresponding age (1 l-12 percent in ages 18-34 

years and 16-18 percent in ages 35-74 years). 

The relative variability is just slightly greater 

among young adults 18-44 years than among 

chiklren (11-12 percent) or youths (11-13 percent). 

At each of the selected percentile points in 

the distribution of systolic blood pressure 

among adults, there is a consistent increase with 

age from 18-24 years to 65-74 years and that 

increase becomes progressively greater across the 

distribution from 16.1 mm. Hg at the 5th 

percentile to 53.7 mm. Hg at the 95th percentile. Among men the increase is from a 

difference (youngest to oldest) of only 6.7 mm. 

Hg in systolic pressure levels for those at the 5th 

percentile to 45.7 mm. Hg at the 95th percentile, while for women the increase is from 

22.4 mm. Hg at the 5th percentile to 66.3 mm. 

Hg at the 9 5th percentile (figures 9 and 10). 

2 i 160 - 

E 

E 2 160 - 

I 

E 

0 140- 

0 

s 

: 

z 

IZOk-J 

2 100 - 

MALES 

601 0 , I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARSAT LASTBIRTHDAY 

Figure 9. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic 

blood pressure of males 6-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

FEMALES 

z 180- 

5 

k! 2 160 - 

2 

E 

0 140- 

0 

s 

: i 120- 

0 

Li 

2; 100 - 

I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 10. Selected percentiles in the distribution of systolic 

blood pressure of females 6-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

10 
Among all adults age 18-74 years the mean 

systolic pressure of men (13 1.4 mm. Hg) significantly exceeds that for women (128.4 mm. Hg) 

while the variability among men is less than 

among women, standard deviations of 19.2 mm. 

Hg and 24.0 mm. Hg, respectively. 

Mean diastolic blood pressure levels of U.S. 

adults increase with age, from 73.8 mm. Hg in 

ages 18-24 years to 86.7 mm. Hg in ages 55-64 

years, then drop slightly. The average yearly 

increment is greater in ages 18-44 years (0.5 

mm. Hg) than among those 45 years and over, in 

contrast to systolic pressure levels which increase more rapidly among older than younger 

adults. 

Among men, mean diastolic pressures increase significantly with age, reaching a maximum in ages 45-54 years, .at a rate which 

declines from an average of 0.5 mm. Hg per year 

in ages 18-34 years to 0.3 mm. Hg per year in 

ages at 35-54 years. For women, mean diastolic 

blood pressures increase significantly with age 

from 18-64 years, at a rate that is fairly constant 

but slightly more rapid in ages 25-44 years than 

over the rest of the age range. In ages 18-54 

years, mean diastolic blood pressures of men are 

significantly greater than those of women, while 

in ages 55-74 years the mean levels are similar. 

The variability in diastolic blood pressure, as 

measured by the standard deviation, generally 

increases with age, but at a slower rate and less 

consistently than for systolic pressure. In relation to the size of the mean values, the relative 

variability is between 14 and 16 percent across 

the adult age range similar to findings for 

children and youths and shows no consistent 

age-related trend, in contrast to the increase in 

relative variability of systolic pressure with age 

among aduhs. The variability, relative and absolute, in diastolic blood pressures among men is 

slightly less than among women. 

The difference in diastolic blood pressure 

between young adults age 18-24 years and the 

oIdest adults 65-74 years is greater at the upper 

than the lower percentiles in the distribution, 

ranging from 10 mm. Hg at the 5th through the 

50th percentiles to nearly 20 mm. Hg at the 

95th percentile. The increases with age, from 

youngest to oldest adults, are greater for women 

than for men, but for both are greater at the 

higher than the lower percentiles (figures 11 and 

12). 

As was noted for systolic blood pressure, the 

mean diastolic blood pressure of men age 18-74 

years (83.4 mm. Hg) significantly exceeds that 

of women (79.7 mm. Hg) while the variability 

among men is slightly less (standard deviations 

of 12.3 mm. Hg for men and 13.3 mm. Hg for 

women). 

The various percentile points in the distribution of systolic and diastolic blood pressure 

levels across the 6-74-year age range in the U.S. 

population, as shown in tables 1, 6, and 11, 

reflect the extent of the lack of symmetry in 

120 

I r 

P 

; 

MALES 

- 95th 

d $40 2 0 1 ( I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 60 60 70 80 

I AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 11. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diastolic 

blood pressure of males 6-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

FEMALES 

AGE IN YEARSAT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 12. Selected percentiles in the distribution of diastolic 

blood pressure of females 6-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

11 
these distributions. The degree of conformity of 

these distributions of blood pressure levels in the 

population to the normal distribution was tested 

and the extent of skewness and kurtosis is 

shown in table 24. As may be seen, the 

distribution of systolic and diastolic blood pressures for both men and women become increasingly skewed to the right and more peaked than 

normal through ages 45-54 years. For those 55 

years and over, the skewness and peakefdness in 

the distributions of systolic and diastolic blood 

pressures lessen for both men and women. 

As shown in tables 12-23 the bivariate 

distributions of systolic and diastolic blood 

pressures of adults reflect the greater variability, 

particularly in systolic pressure, among women 

than among men in ages 35-64 years. The 

proportion with substantially elevated pressures 

of at least 140 mm. Hg systolic or at least 90 

mm. Hg diastolic increases with age for both 

sexes, but in ages 55-74 years the increase is 

substantially more rapid for women than men. 

Among males these proportions increased 

steadily and significantly from 8 percent in ages 

12-17 years to 65 percent in ages 65-74 years, 

while among females the gradient is more rapid, 

increasing from 4 percent at 12-17 years to 74 

percent at 65-74 years. Among youths and 

adults 18-54 years, the proportion with substantially elevated blood pressure of this degree is 

consistently greater among males than among 

females. Similarly, the proportion with both 

systolic and diastolic blood pressure substantially elevated (systolic pressure of at least 140 

mm. Hg and diastolic of at least 90 mm. Hg) 

increases markedly with age. For men, the 

increase is from 4 percent in ages 18-24 years to 

36 percent in ages 65-74 years, while among 

women the percentage increases from 2 to 36 

percent in ages 55-64 years, then drops slightly. 

In ages 12-54 years the proportion of men with 

both systolic and diastolic pressure substantially 

elevated exceeds that for women. 

Race.-Among white U.S. adults, both men 

and women, the increase with age in mean 

systolic blood pressure and the rates of increase 

over the 18-74-year age range are nearly identical to those shown for adults of all races. Mean 

systolic pressures of all white adults increase 

steadily and significantly with age from 119.3 

mm. Hg in ages 18-24 years to 149.2 mm. Hg in 

ages 65-74 years, at average yearly increments 

ranging from a minimum of 0.1 mm. Hg in ages 

18-34 years to 0.8 mm. Hg in ages 35-74 >years 

(table 25). Th e t rends in variability and relative 

variability in systolic pressure among white 

adults are similar to those for adults of all races. 

In ages 18 through 54 years, the mean 

systolic pressures of white men significantly 

exceed those for white women, although from 

55 years on the means for white women are 

the higher (figure 13). In the 25-44 and 45-74- 

year age groups, the average rates of increase 

with age are about twice as great among white 

women as they are among white men. 

WHITE 

2 140 - 

f 

w 120- 

5 

I 

g loo- 

! 

;il 80- 

60 - 

DIASTOLIC . Females 

Males 

L 

Of I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARSAT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 13. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white 

males and females 7-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

Diastolic blood pressure means for white 

adults increased steadily with age from 73.8 

mm. Hg in ages 18-24 years to 86.3 mm. Hg in 

ages 55-64 years, with the maximum for white 

men reached in ages 45-54 years and for white 

women in ages 55-64 years, a finding simil.ar to 

that for adults of all races. The mean diastolic 

blood pressures of white men are significantly 

greater than those of white women of ages 118-54 

years, while among older adults age 55-74 years 

the mean levels for both sexes are nearly 

identical (figure 13). 

12 
Among Negro adults the increase with age in 

both systolic and diastolic blood pressure means 

is more rapid than that shown for white adults. 

Systolic blood pressure means for Negro men 

increase from 122.9 mm. Hg in ages 18-24 years 

to 156.6 mm. Hg in ages 65-74 years, while 

those for Negro women increase from 113.2 

mm. Hg to 161.3 mm. Hg (table 26 and figure 

14). The mean systolic blood pressure of Negro 

180 r NEGRO 

160- 

2 

140 - 

J lu IZO5 

B 

g loo- 

: 

: soI 

Of I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 14. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro Figure 15. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white 

males and females 7-74 years, by age: United States, and Negro males 7-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 1971-1974. 

men is significantly greater than that of Negro 

women in ages 18-44 years. In ages 45-74 years, 

while systolic pressure mean values for Negro 

women exceed those for Negro men, the differences are not large enough to be statistically 

significant because of the small number of older 

Negro adults examined (and the correspondingly 

larger sampling variability in these estimates 

than for the white population). 

Diastolic blood pressure means of Negro 

adults also increase with age, but reach a 

maximum for men in ages 55-64 years (93.4 

m-m. Hg) and 10 years earlier, for women in ages 

45-54 years (93.5 mm. Hg). The mean diastolic 

blood pressure of Negro men exceeds that for 

Negro women at all ages except 45-54 years 

where the relationship is reversed (figure 14). 

However, in ages 45-74 years the differences 

between the levels for Negro men and women 

are insignificant. 

The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of white men 18-24 years are slightly 

higher than those of Negro men of comparable 

age (tables 25, 26, and figure 15), while in ages 

25-34 years and older the mean pressures of 

Negro men are higher than those of white men 

180 I r MALES 

160 - 

P 

140 - 

d 

Y 120- 

9 

D 

E looE 

s 

m 80- 

60 

I t 

.m.--.. ---- . . . . . . .._._ Nqro 

White 

I 

!- 

Of I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

I AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

and remained so ‘through 65-74 years. The mean 

differences in systolic pressure ranged from 4.1 

mm. Hg in ages 25-34 years to 10.6 mm. Hg in 

ages 65-74 years, all statistically significant 

(reflecting more than sampling variability), while 

those for diastolic pressure range from 3.5 mm. 

Hg in ages 25-34 years to 7.0 mm. Hg in ages 

35-44 and 55-64 years. The consistency of the 

more rapid increase in systolic and diastolic 

pressures with age among Negro than white men 

is evident across the selected percentile points in 

these distributions. From 35 years on the 

variation in systolic pressure among the population is also greater for Negro than white men. 

Racial differences in systolic and diastolic 

blood pressure levels among white and Negro 

women follow a pattern generally similar to that 

13 
for men. In ages 18-24 years, the mean systolic 

pressure for white women is slightly greater and 

the mean diastolic pressure slightly less than that 

for Negro women, while from 35 years on the 

mean levels for Negro women are significantly 

higher than those for white women. Mean 

differences in systolic pressure range from 5.3 

mm. Hg in ages 25-34 years to 19.7 mm. Hg in 

ages 45-54 years and for diastolic pressure from 

3.4 mm. Hg in ages 25-34 years to 10.9 mm. Hg 

in ages 45-54 years (tables 25, 26, a.nd figure 

16). 

Across the adult age range in this study, the 

variation in blood pressure-both systolic and 

diastolic-and the increase in this variability with 

age among Negro women exceed that among 

white women. 

180 r FEMALES 

..--- . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .._ Negro 

i 8ob y-- 

60 

t 

!- 

Of I I I I I I I I 

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARS AT LC\ST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 16. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white 

and Negro females 7-74 years, by age: United States, 

1971-1974. 

Ancestry 

To provide a basis for national estimates on 

the health status of some of the larger minority 

groups in the U.S. population, information on 

ancestry, in addition to data on race, was 

obtained by the census interviewer for each 

sample person selected for the Health and 

Nutrition Examination Survey. The interviewer 

classified the race of the sample person, by 

observation or by questioning if not evident, as 

“white,” “Negro,” or “other.” On this basis, 88 

percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized 

population 7-74 years of age at the midpoint of 

the survey was considered white, 11 percent 

Negro, and 1 percent of other racial groups. The 

other racial groups included those identified as 

American Indian and the various Oriental races. 

Those classified as white included Mexican and 

Latin or Spanish American unless identified as 

Negro or other. Persons not identified as Negro 

were further classified as to their primary 

ancestry or national origin. 

From this the three largest minority groups 

identified in the population are the Negro (11 

percent), persons of Spanish or Mexican 

ancestry (4.4 percent), and American Indians 

(1.8 percent). The latter group-the American 

Indians-will be representative only of those not 

living on reservations; because of previous operational difficulties, the sample design used for the 

survey specifically excluded all persons residing 

on any of the reservation lands set aside for the 

use of American Indians. 

National estimates of blood pressure levels in 

the Negro population, as shown in tables 5, 10, 

and 26, have been analyzed in the three preceding sections. 

Among persons in the two smaller minority 

groups-the Spanish-Mexican Americans and the 

American Indians living off reservations--mean 

systolic and diastolic blood pressures increase 

with age and for the total age group are slightly 

higher among males than females similar to the 

general pattern for the total white population 

and for the Negroes (table 27). 

The mean systolic and diastolic pressure of 

the Spanish-Mexican Americans and these 

American Indians are generally less than those of 

the Negro population; however, because of the 

small size of the groups and the correspondingly 

large sampling variability, only the differences 

for ages 65-74 years are large enough to be 

statistically significant. 

Geographic Region 

In the sample design used for this survey, the 

United States was divided into four broad 

geographic regions-the Northeast, Midwest, 

South, and West-approximately equal i.n population, as described in appendixes I and II. The 

14 
sample size and design of the survey do not 

provide an adequate basis for estimating blood 

pressure levels of the population in smaller 

geographic areas or in the individual States. 

Across the 7-74-year age span, the mean 

systolic blood pressures of persons living in the 

South are higher than those of persons in the 

other three regions (table 28). When adjustments 

are made for differences in age distribution 

among the populations in the four regions, the 

age-adjusted mean systolic blood pressure level 

of persons in the South is significantly higher 

than that of persons in the Northeast (3.9 mm. 

Hg higher) or the West (4.3 mm. Hg higher) and 

slightly higher (2.3 mm. Hg) than for those in 

the Midwest. The mean systolic pressure levels 

are similar among persons living in the other 

three regions. The variation in systolic blood 

pressure levels among the populations in the 

South and Northeast is slightly greater than the 

variation among those in the Midwest and West. 

Among males, there are no significant 

regional differences in mean systolic blood 

pressure levels. The age-adjusted values range 

from 127.2 mm. Hg for those in the South to 

124.1 mm. Hg for those in the Northeast. 

However, among females age 7-74 years the 

mean, age-adjusted systolic pressure for those in 

the South (127.0 mm. Hg) is significantly higher 

than for those in the Midwest (123.2 mm. Hg), 

the Northeast (122.0 mm. Hg), and the West 

(121.3 mm. Hg). In each of these regions, the 

age-adjusted mean systolic pressure levels of men 

slightly exceed those of women, except in the 

South where essentially no difference exists. 

Diastolic blood pressure levels of the population in each of the four regions are similar. The 

mean, age-adjusted values range from 78.5 mm. 

Hg and 78.4 mm. Hg in the South and Midwest, 

respectively, to 77.2 mm. Hg in the Northeast 

and West, while the variability as measured by 

the standard deviation in these measurements 

ranges from 14.1 mm. Hg in the South to 13.4 

mm. Hg in the Midwest. In each of the regions 

the mean, age-adjusted diastolic blood pressure 

levels of males exceed those of females, and, 

except in the South these differences are too 

large to be due solely to sampling variability. 

Among the white population, the mean, 

age-adjusted systolic pressure of those in the 

South is higher than those in the other three 

regions, but the differences are not large enough 

to exceed the confidence limits for such estimates, except between those in the South and 

West for all white persons (3.8 mm. Hg) and for 

white females (4.7 mm. Hg) age 7-74 years 

(table 29). 

Similar to the findings for all races combined, regional differences in the mean diastolic 

blood pressure levels of white persons age 7-74 

years are negligible. The age-adjusted mean 

values range from 78.3 mm. Hg in the Midwest 

to 76.8 mm. Hg in the West. 

Among the Negro population, which because 

of its smaller size has a greater sampling variability than the white population, the systolic blood 

pressure levels of those living in the South also 

tend to be higher than those in the other three 

regions of the country; however, the age-adjusted 

mean value (13 1.7 mm. Hg) is significantly higher only than those in the Midwest (126.3 mm. 

Hg) and Northeast (125.3 mm. Hg), as shown in 

table 30. Negro females in the South have higher 

mean systolic pressure than those in the other 

three regions, but the differences are large enough 

to be significant only in comparison with levels in 

the Midwest (9.2 mm. Hg) and Northeast (8.7 

mm. Hg). Regional differences in systolic blood 

pressure levels among Negro males are negligible, 

a finding similar to that for white males age 7-74 

years. 

Diastolic pressure levels among the Negro 

population also show no consistent or significant 

regional pattern. 

In each of the four regions of the country 

the mean, age-adjusted, systolic and diastolic 

blood pressure levels of the Negro population, 

both male and female, are higher than those for 

the white population age 7-74 years. 

Because of the scheduling of the examination locations in the present survey-the North 

was avoided during the winter as was the South 

during the summer-the effect of any seasonal or 

climatic fluctuations on blood pressure levels 

may have been either masked or accentuated in 

these regional findings. 

Income 

Mean systolic blood pressure levels of the 

U.S. population are found to be inversely related 

to the size of the family income. As family 

15 
income increases from less than $3,000 to 

$10,000 or more per year, the mean systolic 

blood pressure of the population age 7-74 years 

decreases from 131.7 mm. Hg to 122.0 mm. Hg 

(table 31). 

Within each of the income groups, mean 

systolic pressure increases consistently with age 

from the youngest to the oldest age group, this 

increase being more rapid in the lowest and least 

rapid in the highest income level group. When 

adjustment is made for differences in age distribution within the income level classes, the mean, 

age-adjusted systolic pressure levels for the 

population age 7-74 years decrease consistently 

from 126.5 mm. Hg among those in families 

with less than $3,000 income per year to 123.3 

mm. Hg for those with $10,000 or more annual 

income-a decrease less than that for the unadjusted mean values but also statistically significant. 

Among both males and females 7-74 years of 

age, mean systolic blood pressure decreases with 

the increase in the size of the family income, the 

decrease being statistically significant among 

females (4.1 mm. Hg in the age-adjusted values 

from the lowest to the highest income level 

class) but not among males (2.5 mm. Hg). 

Within each income level the mean, age-adjusted, 

systolic pressure for males exceeds that for 

females, but only in the highest income group is 

the difference large enough to reflect more than 

sampling variability. 

Mean diastolic blood pressure of the U.S. 

population age 7-74 years also decreases significantly with the increase in the size of the family 

income; however, the association is significant 

’ only among females. Across all income levels the 

mean, age-adjusted diastolic pressure of males 

exceeds that for females. 

Among the white population age 7-74 years 

in the United States, mean, age-adjusted systolic 

and diastolic blood pressures decrease with the 

increase in the size of the family income, the 

decrease being large enough to be statistically 

significant among white females but not among 

white males (table 32). The mean levels for 

white males consistently exceed those for white 

females in each income class group. 

Similar to the relationship for the white 

population, mean, age-adjusted systolic and 

diastolic blood pressures of the Negro population 

age 7-74 years decrease with increase in size of 

family income, the decrease being statistically 

significant only for Negro females (table 33). 

The mean, age-adjusted diastolic blood pressures among Negro males generally exceed that 

for Negro females within each income class 

(except in the total group with annual income 

less than $5,000 where the mean value:3 are 

identical). For all Negroes 7-74 years with 

annual family incomes of $5,000 or more, the 

mean, age-adjusted systolic and diastolic blood 

pressures of males exceed those of females. 

None of these mean differences exceed. the 

confidence limits for such estimates and hence 

may reflect sampling variability alone. 

Education 

The two measures of educational attainment 

used in this report are those which most closely 

affect the socioeconomic status of the family: 

the educational level of the head of the household, for children and youths age 7-17 years, 

and the educational level of the examinee for 

adults. 

On either basis, blood pressure shows a 

significant inverse relationship to educational 

level (similar to that with size of family inco’me), 

the mean blood pressure decreasing with. the 

increase in educational attainment. 

Among children and youths age 7-17 years, 

mean systolic pressure decreases significantly 

with increase in educational level of the head of 

the household from 109.9 mm. Hg for those in 

families where the head of the household had 

completed less than 5 years of formal schosoling 

to 107.3 mm. Hg among those with some college 

education (table 34). Similarly, among adults 

18-74 years of age, mean, age-adjusted systolic 

pressure decreases significantly and consistently 

from 136.9 mm. Hg for those with less thlan 5 

years’ schooling to 129.1 mm. Hg for those with 

some college education. 

For boys and for girls, the relationship 

between systolic pressure and education of head 

of the household is nonsignificant. However, 

among both men and women the inverse rela” 

tionship is consistent and significant. The mean, 

age-adjusted systolic pressure among men in the 

highest education level is 9.4 mm. Hg less and 

16 
for women 8.3 mm. Hg less than among those in 

the respective lowest educational levels. 

Diastolic blood pressure levels for children 

and youths of both sexes are unrelated to the 

educational levels of the head of the households. 

In contrast, among adults 18-74 years there is a 

significant relationship between education and 

diastolic blood pressure. The mean, age-adjusted 

diastolic blood pressure of persons at the highest 

educational level is lower than that of persons at 

the lowest educational level, the difference being 

5.5 mm. Hg for men and 4.4 mm. Hg for 

women. 

Within the white population, mean systolic 

blood pressure decreases significantly as educational level increases. White boys, but not girls, 

at ages 7-17 follow this trend. Among white 

adults the decrease in mean, age-adjusted systolic pressure is consistent and significant from 

lowest to highest educational levels for both 

men (7.1 mm. Hg decrease), and women (5.1 

mm. Hg decrease). The decrease in mean, ageadjusted, diastolic pressure from lowest to 

highest educational levels is significant among 

white men (5.4 mm. Hg) and women (1.7 mm. 

Hg), but the differences in mean diastolic 

. pressure among white boys and girls are not 

significant (table 35). 

For the Negro population the inverse pattern 

of association between blood pressure and 

educational level is similar to that for white 

persons (table 36). Among Negro children and 

youths mean systolic pressure decreases significantly with increase -in education (head of 

household) only for girls, while diastolic pressure levels for both boys and girls show no 

significant relationship. Among Negro adults the 

inverse relationship of systolic and diastolic 

blood pressure to education is evident, but 

strong enough to be significant only among 

women. 

Population Density 

Systolic blood pressure levels of the U.S. 

population age 7-74 years show an inverse 

relationship to population density. The regression line, fitted by weighted least squares to the 

age-adjusted, mean systolic blood pressure of 

those persons in the four population density 

groups, has a slope significantly different from 

zero (the horizontal), indicating that the systolic 

blood pressure levels’ of the population vary 

significantly with population density (table 37). 

As would be expected, this relationship of blood 

pressure to population density is consistent with 

the findings for income because of the higher 

per capita income in urban than in rural areas. 

The mean, age-adjusted systolic blood pressure of those persons age 7-74 years living in 

rural areas is 125.6 mm. Hg, compared with 

123.1 mm. Hg for those in the largest urban 

areas. The relationship of population density to 

systolic blood pressure is not limited to the 

older age groups, but is clearly evident across the 

age range from children 7-11 years, through 

adults 65-74 years (with one insignificant exception, persons age 55-64 years). 

Among both males and females, mean, ageadjusted systolic blood pressure is significantly 

and inversely related to the population density 

of their area of residence. 

The age-adjusted mean diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years also generally increases with a decrease in population density of 

their place of residence. The mean, age-adjusted 

diastolic blood pressures are between 77.2 and 

77.8 mm. Hg for those living in urban communities, compared with 78.6 mm. Hg for those in 

rural areas. The decrease is slower than that for 

systolic pressure and is not statistically significant for males. 

Among white persons in this country, there 

is also a significant increase in age-adjusted, 

mean systolic blood pressure with a decrease in 

population density of their place of residence. 

The mean, age-adjusted difference in systolic 

blood pressure between persons in the highest 

and lowest population density areas is 2.5 mm. 

Hg. This relationship of systolic pressure to 

population density is statistically significant for 

white women, as indicated by a mean difference 

of 3.1 mm. Hg, but not for white men (table 

38). 

The age-adjusted, mean diastolic blood pressure for white persons of both sexes combined is 

higher among those living in rural areas than for 

those in urban areas, but the inverse association 

with population density is significant only for 

females. 

17 
Among Negro males, but not females, there 

is a significant increase in age-adjusted, mean 

systolic blood pressure with a decrease in population density of their place of residence (table 

39). The pattern of association of (diastolic 

pressure levels among the Negro population with 

population density of place of residence is 

similar but less marked than that for their 

systolic pressures, but nevertheless is significant 

for both sexes combined. 

Hypertensiona 

Epidemiologic studies have established that 

elevated systemic arterial blood pressure increases the risk of coronary artery disease and 

cerebrovascular accident.l 1 -l6 Recent studies 

by the Veterans Administration have clearly 

demonstrated that this risk is reduced b.y lowering blood pressure.’ 7 2 * 8 

Prevalence estimates of the extent and distribution of hypertension in the U.S. population as 

determined from the single blood pressure obtained in this study are shown in tables 40-42. 

For these the following criteria for adults were 

used: 

Definite hypertension-either systolic pressure of 160 mm. Hg or more or diastolic 

pressure of 95 mm. Hg or more. (A subgroup 

of those with diastolic pressure of 105 mm. 

Hg or more is shown separately.) 

Borderline hypertension-systolic pressme 

below 160 mm. Hg and diastolic pressure 

below 95 mm. Hg, but not both below 140 

mm. Hg systolic and 90 mm. Hg diastolic. 

Normotension-both systolic pressure below 

140 mm. Hg and diastolic pressure below 90 

mm. Hg. 

Definite hypertension. -In the United States 

there are an estimated 23.4 million or 15.2 per 

100 persons age 12-74 years and 23.2 million or 

aEstimates of the prevalence of hypertension have 

also been made based on data from the Center’s 1974 

Health Interview Survey (HIS). Discussions of the similarities and differences in the estimates from the HANES 

and HIS programs can be found in a forthcoming Series 

10 publication, Characteristics of Persons with Hypertension, United States, 1974, and in future Series 11 

reports. 

18.1 per 100 persons age 18-74 years with 

definite hypertension, based on findings from 

the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 

1971-1974. The prevalence rate increases ralpidly 

with age from 0.8 per 100 persons at 12-17 

years to 40.7 per 100 at 65-74 years (table 40). 

The average increment in this prevalence rate 

with age is slowest among youths and yeoung 

adults (0.3 and 0.4 percent per year) and most 

rapid among persons 25-64 years of age (an 

average of 0.9 percent per year); then among 

older persons the rate of increase drops slightly 

(0.8 percent per year). 

Definite hypertension is slightly more prevalent among men 18-74 years (19.2 per 100) than 

among women (17.1 per 100). The prevalence 

rates increase more rapidly with age among 

men than among women through 54 yealrs of 

age, then the pattern reverses. In ages 18-34 

years, definite hypertension is more than twice as 

prevalent among men; then in ages 35-54 years, 

while the difference decreases, the rates among 

men remain significantly higher than those 

among women. Finally, among persons 65-74 

years the prevalence of definite hypertension 

becomes significantly higher among wo,men 

(43.9 percent) than among men (36.6 percent). 

In the white U.S. population, as for persons 

of all races, the prevalence of definite hypertension increases with age, and rates are higher 

among young men than among young women. 

The rate of definite hypertension among white 

persons increases from 0.7 per 100 in ages 12-17 

years to 39.3 per 100 in ages 65-74 years. 

Among white males and females, the rates 

increase from 1.0 per 100 and 0.3 per 100, 

respectively, in ages 12-17 years to 35.3 per 100 

and 42.3 per 100, respectively, in ages 65-74 

years. For white males age 12-54 years the rate 

is substantially greater than that for white 

females of the same age, then the pattern 

reverses until by 65-74 years the prevalence is 

significantly greater among women. 

Among the Negro population the prevalence 

rate of definite hypertension increases more 

rapidly with age than among whites, from 1.2 

per 100 Negro youths 12-17 years to 55.1 per 

100 at ages 65-74 years. For Negro males and 

females the respective rates increase from 0.2 

and 2.2 per 100 in ages 12-17 years to 50.1 and 

58.8 per 100 in ages 65-74 years. Definite 

18 
hypertension is more prevalent among Negro 

males than females from 18-44 years, but the 

reverse is evident among both Negro youths and 

adults age 45-74 years. __--- 

Definite hypertension is more prevalent 

among Negro than among white persons across 

the 12-74-year age range; the differences are 

large enough to be statistically significant from 

25 years on. When the effect of differences in 

the age distributions for the two races are 

eliminated, the age-adjusted rates for adults are 

substantially less among white (16.8 per 100) 

than among Negro (30.5 per 100) adults ages 

18-74 years. 

The racial differences in these hypertension 

prevalence rates in ages 35-74 years are consistently greater among women than men. In ages 

25-44 years among men and 18-54 years among 

women, definite hypertension is at least twice as 

prevalent among Negroes as among the white 

population. Among adults ages 18-74 years the 

age-adjusted prevalence rates for Negro men 

(30.1 per 100) and Negro women (31.2 per 100) 

are significantly greater than among white men 

(18.3 per 100) and white women (15.5 per 100). 

An estimated 6.2 million people age 12-74 

years-about one-fourth (26.5 percent) of all 

those with definite hypertension-have substantially elevated diastolic blood pressure of 105 

mm. Hg or greater (table 41). Among the 

population with definite hypertension, the proportion of people with this degree of elevation 

of diastolic pressure increases with age from 13 

percent in ages 12-17 years to 36 percent in ages 

45-54 years, then decreases to 19 percent in ages 

65-74 years, becoming slightly higher in the 

12-74-year age range among males (28.1 percent) 

than among females (24.9 percent). The proportion is consistently higher among Negroes (39 

percent) than among white persons (24 percent). 

Borderline hypertension.-In addition to the 

23.4 million youths and adults with definite 

hypertension, there are 24.8 million persons age 

12-74 years in the United States with borderline 

hypertension (as defined here), a rate of 16.2 

per 100 (table 42). Prevalence rates increase 

consistently with age more slowly than for 

definite hypertension, from 5.6 per 100 youths 

age 12-17 years to 29.8 per 100 adults 65-74 

years. These figures show a five-fold increase in 

prevalence compared with a fifty-fold increment 

for definite hypertension. Among persons under 

35 years of age the prevalence of borderline 

hypertension is more than twice that for definite 

hypertension; in ages 35-54 years the rates are 

essentially equal; while in ages 55-74 years the 

rate drops to about three-fourths of the rate for 

definite hypertension. 

Except in the oldest age groups, 55-74 years, 

where the rates for men and women are similar, 

the prevalence rates for borderline hypertension 

among males exceed that among females. As 

was the case with definite hypertension, the 

increase in the prevalence of this borderline 

condition with age, from 12 to 74 years, is 

about twice as rapid for women as for men, but 

for both sexes the increase with age is substantially less than that shown in definite hypertension. 

The prevalence of borderline hypertension 

among white adults age 18-74 years (18.5 per 

100, age adjusted) is slightly greater than among 

Negro adults (16.3 per 100) in contrast to the 

substantially higher prevalence of definite hypertension among Negro adults. For both racial 

groups the prevalence rates for borderline hypertension are greater for men than for women 

(21.8 per 100 and 15.6 per 100 for white men 

and women; 18.1 per 100 and 14.8 per 100 for 

Negro men and women). 

Medical history. -Information was obtained 

in the medical histories preceding the examination on whether the examinees had ever been 

told by a doctor that they had hypertension, 

how many years they had such a condition (if 

previously diagnosed), and whether during the 

previous 6 months they had used medication for 

high blood pressure, and, if so, how frequently. 

The association of this information with the 

blood pressure findings of definite and borderline hypertension (as defined in this report) 

among the U.S. adult population is shown in 

table A. 

Among those 23.2 million U.S. adults 18-74 

years with definite hypertension, as determined 

from the blood pressure levels at examination, 

more than half (54.9 percent or 12.7 million) 

had never been diagnosed by a doctor as having 

hypertension, one-third (33.2 percent) had been 

so diagnosed and knew they still had the 

condition, while for the remainder this condition had been previously diagnosed, but either 

19 
Table A. Number and percent distribution of adults 18-74 years by responses to selected medical history questions, according to 

hypertensive status: Untited States, 1971-1974 

Definite 

hypertensive 

Definite 

hypertensive 

with at least 

105 mm. Hg 

diastolic pressure 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Percent 

6,172 

Borderline 

hypertensive 

Normotensive 

Medical history questions -- 

Popu. 

lation 

in 

thousands 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Percent 

Percent Percent 

All adults, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,171 

-- 

-- 

23,413 

Has a doctor ever told you that you have high blood 

pressure? 

Yes, still have it ................................................................... 

Yes, but not now.. ............................................................... 

Yes, don’t know now.. ......................................................... 

No ....................................................................................... 

Unknown.. ........................................................................... 

7,701 33.2 3,421 14.6 2,997 3.7 2,731 44.2 

1,846 8.0 1,598 6.8 2,371 2.9 444 7.2 

904 3.9 562 2.4 596 0.7 277 4.5 

12,713 54.9 17,811 76.1 75,282 92.6 2,716 44.0 

7 0.0 21 0.1 107 0.1 4 0.1 

If yes, how many years ago did you first have it? 

Less than 1 year.. ................................................................. 177 0.8 65 0.3 54 0.1 97 1.6 

1-5 years.. ............................................................................ 5,343 23.0 3,241 13.8 3,616 4.4 1,550 25.1 

6-70 years ............................................................................ 4,874 21 .o 2,241 9.6 2,259 2.8 1,793 29.0 

Not applicable, unknown.. ................................................... 12,77’7 55.2 17,866 76.3 75,424 92.7 2,732 44.3 

During the past 6 months have vou ever used anv 

medrcme, polls, or drugs for hrgh blood pressure? 

Regularly ............................................................................. 

Occasionally ........................................................................ 

No ....................................................................................... 

Unknown.. ........................................................................... 

4,89:3 21.1 2,084 8.9 1,670 2.0 1,471 23.8 

831 3.6 309 1.3 233 0.3 307 5.0 

17,426 75.2 20,992 89.7 79,338 97.6 6,390 71.1 

2’7 0.1 28 0.1 112 0.1 4 0.1 

they thought they no longer had it (8.0 Ipercent) 

or did not know if they still had it (3.9 percent). 

The proportion of those with definite hypertension whose condition was previously undiagnosed is higher among younger than among 

older adults, the percent generally decreasing 

with age from 68.5 percent of persons age 18-24 

years to 48.5 percent of persons 65-74 years 

(table 43). However, because the prevalence of 

definite hypertension, as determined from blood 

pressure levels in this examination survey, increases substantially with age, the population 

estimates of those with undiagnosed hypertension increase from about 0.5 million in ages 

18-24 years to a maximum of nearly 3.5 million 

in ages 45-54 years, then drops to 2.5 million at 

65-74 years. 

The decrease with age in the proportion of 

cases of undiagnosed hypertension (among those 

with definite hypertension) is more rapid and 

more statistically significant among women 

than among men. Men age 18-74 years are more 

likely than women to have such an undiagnosed 

condition (62.9 percent for men and 46.7 

percent for women), the differences being 

largest and statistically significant among older 

adults 55-74 years. 

Nearly 11.0 million or 56.6 percent of ,white 

adults age 18-74 years with definite hypertension at the time of this examination had 

conditions not previously diagnosed, the proportion being higher and decreasing less rapidly 

with age among white men than among .white 

women. 

20 
The proportion of undiagnosed conditions 

among those with definite hypertension is significantly lower for Negroes than for white ad&s 

age 18-74 years. About 1.7 million or 47.2 

percent of Negro adults with definite hypertension had conditions not previously diagnosed, 

the proportion being higher among men than 

women (as it was also in the white adult 

population). Because of the large sampling variability for this relatively small segment of the 

population, the trend by age is less consistent 

that for the white population. 

Those adults with definite hypertension 

whose diastolic blood pressure was 105 mm. Hg 

or greater at the time of the examination were 

less likely than the remainder with definite 

hypertension to have a condition that was not 

previously diagnosed (44.0 percent of those with 

elevated diastolic pressure of at least 105 mm. 

Hg compared with 58.8 percent of the remainder) and more likely to have the previously 

diagnosed condition still present (44.2 percent 

compared with 29.2 percent for the remainder 

with definite hypertension) as shown in tables 

43, 44, and A. In this group with substantially 

elevated diastolic pressure as well as the remainder of those with definite hypertension, the 

proportion whose condition had not been 

previously diagnosed was significantly greater 

among men than women. 

As might be expected, the proportion with 

no previous diagnosis of high blood pressure 

among those adults with borderline hypertension at the time of this survey (76.1 percent) 

was substantially greater than the corresponding 

proportion among adults with definite hypertension (54.9 percent), while the portion with a 

previously diagnosed condition of high blood 

pressure (14.6 percent of the borderline group) 

was less than half that among those adults with 

definite hypertension (33.2 percent). The proportion of those with borderline hypertension 

who were never diagnosed as having high blood 

pressure decreases with age from 87.3 percent 

among the 18-24-year-olds to 60.5 percent 

among those 65-74 years of age, and as for the 

undiagnosed group with definite hypertension, is 

significantIy greater among men (81.8 percent) 

than among women (69.3 percent). The proportion tends to be somewhat lower among Negro 

than among white adults, but the age-sex trends 

are similar For both races (table 45).- 

Nearly all (92.6 percent of the 81.4 million 

adults classified as normotensive on the basis of 

examination survey findings have never been 

diagnosed by a doctor as having high blood 

pressure. Those whose condition has been so 

diagnosed may be expected to include persons 

whose blood pressure is adequately controlled 

by medication, those whose condition has 

changed or was different at the time of the 

initial diagnosis than at the time of the survey, 

and those whose own doctor had used a different criterion for diagnosis than that used in the 

survey. 

More than half the adults previously diagnosed as having high blood pressure had known 

this for 5 years or less, the proportion being 

52.8 percent of those with definite hypertension, 59.2 percent of the borderline group, and 

61.6 percent of the normotensives. 

The question regarding the use of medication (medicine, pills or drugs) for high blood 

pressure in the past 6 months was asked each 

examinee irrespective of whether the condition 

had been previously diagnosed. The proportion 

taking such medication regularly is directly 

related to the severity of their hypertensive 

condition; 21.1 percent of those with definite 

hypertension took medication, compared with 

8.9 percent of those with borderline hypertension and 2.0 percent of the normotensive group. 

Those with diastolic pressure of 105 mm. Hg or 

greater are more. likely than the other definite 

hypertensives to have taken medication for this 

condition (23.8 percent compared with 21.1 

percent). Similarly, the proportion taking such 

medication occasionally decreases from 3.6 percent among those classed as definite hypertensive to 1.3 percent among the borderline group 

and to 0.3 percent among those with normal 

blood pressure. 

If it can be assumed that those adults classed 

as borderline hypertensive or normotensive but 

taking medication regularly for high blood pressure are keeping their blood pressure below the 

level for definite hypertension by use of this 

medication, there would be an estimated 26.9 

million adults in the United States, a rate of 

21.0 per 100, with definite hypertension-the 

21 
18.1 per 100 whose blood pressure is still 

elevated to that degree and the 2.9 per 100 with 

blood pressure presumably controlled below 

that level by medication. 

Comparison With Previous National Survey 

Findings 

Background.-Blood pressure levels of the 

U.S. population have been estimated previously 

from the Health Examination Survey findings 

among national probability samples representative of the civilian noninstitutionalized adult 

population age 18-79 years in 1960-1962, children age 6-11 years in 1963-1965, and youths 

age 12-17 years in 1966-1970.1g-23 

In the present and the preceding three 

national surveys the 1951 American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations for human 

blood pressure determination7 were followed. 

The extent to which differences in examination 

procedures and examiners may have affected 

comparability of the data is summarized here. 

Because a single blood pressure measurement 

was obtained in this part of the present survey 

examination, only the comparable findings from 

the three preceding surveys are considered. 

Blood pressure determinations in the 1960- 

1962 survey among adults and in the present 

survey were made in the standard, recommended 

manner with the examinee in a seated position. 

For the initial blood pressure measurements in 

the 1963-1965 survey among children and in the 

1966-1970 survey among youths the examinee 

was in a supine position. It has been suggested 

that if the arm is held at heart level there are 

probably no great differences in the blood 

pressures of normal persons whether recorded in 

the supine, sitting, and standing positions.7 The 

findings among youths in the 1966-1970 survey 

which showed no essential difference in mean 

levels between the second (supine) and third 

(seated) blood pressure determination23 support 

this suggestion. 

Exercise tolerance tests were included in 

both the 1963-1965 and 1966-1970 surveys 

among children and youths, but not in those of 

1960-1962 or the present survey. While the 

effect of exertion on blood pressure has been 

demonstrated,’ the scheduling of examination 

components in the two earlier surveys among 

children and youths was such that the analysis 

of the effect of exercise indicated that it 

introduced no substantial bias in the estimates 

of blood pressure from those two surveys.z3 

Blood samples were obtained by venipuncture in the 1960-1962, 1966-1970, and present 

surveys. The effect of this procedure on the 

national estimates of blood pressure from the 

three surveys has been analyzed and found to be 

negligible (appendix III) .I g $2 3 

Another identifiable difference among the 

four surveys that may have influenced comparability of estimates relates to the observers. In the 

1960-1962 survey among adults and in the 

present survey among the 6-74-year-olds, the 

measurements were taken by the examining 

physicians in each location-39 different physicians in the first survey, 43 in the present. 

Determinations were made during the earlier 

surveys among children and youths by four 

nurses and two nurses, respectively. An analysis 

of the possible effect of the number and 

differences among observers in the blood pressure estimates obtained in the first three surveys 

has been published. *3 The findings seem to 

indicate that the greater the number of skilled 

observers in such surveys, the more closely the 

national estimates are likely to approximate the 

actual distribution of blood pressure in the 

population as obtained by a variety of observers 

such as the individual’s own private physicians. 

The accuracy of the blood pressure determinations in the four surveys, as indicated by the 

pattern of end-digit preference, could also affect 

the comparability of the national estimates. The 

extent to which accuracy could be a factNor is 

assessed in appendix III. 

Published reports on estimated blood pressure levels in the population of adults and 

children as determined from the 1960-1962 and 

1963-1965 surveys show details based only on 

mean values from three and two readings per . 

examinee, respectively. 1 g-2 * For use in comparison with the single reading findings from the 

present survey, national estimates based on the 

first blood pressure measurement in those two 

earliest surveys are included in tables 46-57 of 

this report. Data from the individual blood 

pressure determinations among youths in the 

22 
1966-1970 survey have been published along fourths of the examinees), the mean systolic 

with a detailed examination of the factors which pressure levels from the 1971-1974 survey are 

could have explained why levels were higher about 12 mm. Hg lower than the earlier estithan expected.23 mates. 

Children.-Mean systolic and diastolic blood 

pressure levels of U.S. children age 6-l 1 years as 

estimated from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey findings of 1971-1974 are lower 

and more variable than the national estimates 

for children of this age obtained from the 

1963-1965 survey (tables 1 and 46 and figure 

17). 

Mean diastolic pressure values from the 

present survey among 7-l l-year-old children are 

2.9 mm. Hg lower (2.3 mm. Hg for boys and 3.6 

mm. Hg for girls) than those for U.S. children of 

that age from the 1963-1965 survey. The mean 

difference is less among oIder than younger 

children, probably only a reflection of sampling 

variability at age 11. 

The variations in blood pressure levels in the 

child population and in the sampling variability 

of the mean values obtained from the 1971- 

1974 survey findings are much larger than those 

from the 1963-1965 survey because the sample 

in the earlier survey was about twice as large as 

the 6-11 year old sample in the present study. 

United States (1971-19741 

120 - 

60 - 

DIASTOLIC 

L 

0 L ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 

6 8 10 12 14 16 ia 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 17. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 

and youths 6-17 years, by age and sex: United States, 

1971-1974.1963-1965, and 1966-1970. 

Across the 7-11-year age range the mean 

systolic blood pressure levels of U.S. children in 

1971-1974 are about 9 mm. Hg below those 

from the 1963-1965 survey. The mean levels for 

both sexes show a similar, consistent pattern, 

the values for girls being slightly more than 9 

mm. Hg, and those for boys slightly less than 9 

mm. Hg below those of about 8 years ago. At 6 

years of age, where the estimates in the present 

survey are least reliable (based on only threeBoth white and Negro children age 6 or 7 

through 11 years have lower mean systolic and 

diastolic blood pressure levels as estimated from 

the 1971-1974 survey than those for their 

respective racial groups from the 1963-1965 

survey, the differences being greater for systolic 

than diastolic pressures (tables 4, 5,47, and 48). 

Youths.-Blood pressure levels among 

youths 12-17 years as determined in the present 

1971-1974 survey are on the average, consistently lower than those national estimates obtained for this age group from the 1966-1970 

survey, the mean differences being substantially 

greater for systolic than diastolic pressure (table 

6 and figure 17) .z3 The report presenting these 

previous blood pressure findings among 

youths*3 includes a detailed anaIysis of the 

factors affecting these measurements, showing 

that while these earlier data are internally 

consistent, the most likely explanation for the 

unexpectedly high levels obtained probably rests 

with the measurement process, i.e., the greater 

risk of examiner bias associated with using only 

two observers. 

The mean systolic pressure of youths 12-l 7 

years as estimated from the present survey is 18 

mm. Hg lower than that obtained for this age 

group in the 1966-1970 survey. The differences 

are larger among older than younger youths, 

increasing from a mean difference of 16 mm. Hg 

at 12 years to over 20 mm. Hg at 16 and 17 

23 
years. The mean difference for boys (19 mm. 

Hg) is just slightly greater than that for girls (18 

mm. Hg), with older boys showing a greater 

difference than younger boys of that age range. 

Mean diastolic blood pressure levels for 

youths from the present survey are lower across 

the 12-17-year age range than those from the 

1966-1970 survey, the mean differences being 

slightly greater for this age group (4.8 mm. Hg) 

than for children (2.9 mm. Hg). The mean 

diastolic pressure level differences are just 

slightly larger among older youths (5.2 mm. Hg 

at 17 years compared with 3.4 mm. Hg at 12 

years), and greater for girls (5.5 mm. Hg) than 

for boys (4.1 mm. Hg). 

Mean differences between blood pressure 

levels from the 1971-1974 and 1966-1970 

surveys-both systolic and diastolic-for white 

and Negro youths are of about the same 

magnitude as those for youths of all races 

combined (tables 9 and lo).* 3 

Adz&.-In contrast to the substantial differences over time in blood pressure levels of 

children and youths between those determined 

from the present survey and those for the 

comparable age group in the earlier national 

surveys of 1963-1970, the blood pressure levels 

of the adult population from the present survey 

agreed more closely with national estimates obtained from the 1960-1962 survey. 

Mean systolic blood pressure levels of U.S. 

adults 18-54 years (all races combined) as 

estimated from the 197 1-1974 survey are nearly 

identical to those from the 1960-1962 survey 

(tables 11 and 49 and figure 18). Only for men 

in ages 35-44 years are the mean differences in 

systolic pressure from the two surveys large 

enough to reflect more than sampling variability. 

For both men and women in ages 55-64 and 

65-74 years, the mean systolic pressures from 

the present survey are significantly lower than 

the mean levels from 1960-1962. The mean differences for men are 3.8 mm. Hg and 5.2 mm. 

Hg lower, respectively, and for women, 5.2 mm. 

Hg and 11.1 mm. Hg lower. 

In contrast to the findings for systolic blood 

pressure, the diastolic blood pressure levels of 

adults as estimated from the 1971-1974 survey 

are consistently higher than those from the 

1960-1962 survey, but the mean differences for 

‘*Or x FOk,” ““lWd states (1971.19741 

i 

----- ME" 

il4o: 160 

------ Women 

60 - 

o&t ' I I I I I I 

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARSAT LAST 8,RTHDAY 

Figure 18. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 

18-74 years, by age and sex: United States, 1971-1974 and 

1960-I 962. 

men, although significant, are only 3.3-4.5 mm. 

Hg higher and for women, 1.6-2.5 mm. Hg 

higher. 

The direction and magnitude of the differences in the national estimates from the 1971- 

1974 and 1960-1962 surveys for systolic and 

diastolic blood pressures of white and Negro 

adults are similar to those described for adults of 

all races combined (tables 25, 26, 49, 50, and 

51). 

Hypertension. -Definite hypertension is as 

prevalent among U.S. adults age 18-74 ye.ars in 

1971-1974 as it was in 1960-1962. The prevalence rate as estimated from single blood pressure determination in each of the national 

surveys is 18.1 per 100 population from the 

present study compared with 18.2 per 100 from 

the earlier study. This close agreement is the 

resultant of the somewhat lower systolic pressure among the middle and older age groups and 

the higher diastolic pressure across the adult age 

range from the present study. When adjustment 

is made in the estimate from the 1960-1962 rate 

to compensate for differences in the age-sex 

distribution in the U.S. population at the two 

points in time, the projected rate from the 

1960-1962 survey in the present popullation 

would be 17.6 per 100, slightly below the rate 

24 
actually found in the more recent national 

survey. 

The prevalence rates of hypertension among 

white and Negro adults-both for men and 

women-in 1971-1974 and 1960-1962 differ no 

more than expected from sampling variability 

alone (tables 40 and 52). At both points in time, 

the prevalence of definite hypertension is significantly greater among Negro than white adults, 

both men and women. 

Borderline hypertension rates among U.S. 

adults in 1971-1974 also do not differ significantly from these rates in 1960-1962 among 

white or Negro men or women (tables 42 and 

54). 

However, the prevalence estimate of persons 

with definite hypertension whose diastolic blood 

pressure is at least 105 mm. Hg from the present 

survey is significantly higher than that from the 

earlier national study (1960-1962) for men of all 

races combined and for white men, but not for 

women. As noted previously the mean diastolic 

blood pressure levels of men from the present 

1971-1974 survey are significantly higher than 

those for men in the 1960-1962 national survey 

and those for women consistently higher but not 

significantly so. Not only are the mean diastolic 

pressure levels higher for men in the present 

survey, but the differerices are consistent across 

the selected percentile points in the distribution, 

with rates remaining somewhat greater for men 

than for women. This consistency in elevation of 

the diastolic pressure levels in the present survey 

rather than an elevation at the upper percentiles 

might suggest that the increase in the prevalence 

estimates for this group of the hypertensives 

between the two points in time reflects survey 

differences rather than an actual increase in this 

-type of hypertension, in the 12 years Tlapsing 

between the two surveys. 

In both the present and earlier survey among 

adults, it was possible from the medical history 

to identify, in a nearly similar manner, those 

adults whose high blood pressure condition had 

not been previously diagnosed by a doctor. The 

proportion of adults with previously undiagnosed definite hypertension from the present 

national study (54.9 percent) is substantially less 

than that from the 1960-1962 survey (58.0 

percent)-a difference of 3.1 percent or 7.7 percent if differences in the age distribution within 

the population at the two points in time are taken 

into account. This trend is consistent among 

both white and Negro adults (tables A, B, 43, 

and 55). At both points in time the proportion 

with definite hypertension not previously diagnosed is significantly higher (about one-third 

more) among men than women. 

Among those with diastolic blood pressure 

of at least 105 mm. Hg, whose condition had 

not been previously diagnosed, the proportion is 

about the same from the present survey (44.0 

percent) as that from the 1960-1962 survey 

(42.4 percent) but would be 10.1 percent lower 

than from the earlier survey if differences in age 

distribution within the populations at the two 

points in time are taken into account (tables A, 

B, 44, and 56). 

The proportion with borderline hypertension from the present study, whose high blood 

pressure condition had not been previously 

diagnosed (76.1 percent), is also significantly 

lower than the corresponding proportion from 

the 1960-1962 study-6.3 percent less than in 

1960-1962 or 5.5 percent less if differences in 

age distribution within the population at the 

two points in time are taken into account. This 

trend is consistent among both white and Negro 

adults (tables 45 and 57). 

Questions asked about the use of medication 

from the two surveys were not completely 

comparable. In the present study the examinee 

was asked about the frequency of taking medication for high blood pressure within the preceding 6 months, whereas in the 1960-1962 survey 

the question was limited to whether they were 

taking medication for high blood pressure. 

Among persons with substantially elevated 

blood pressure classified as definite hypertension, the proportion taking medication regularly 

for high blood pressure in the present survey 

(21.1 percent) is nearly identical to the proportion taking such medication from the 1960-1962 

survey (21.0 percent). However, among those 

with borderline hypertension, as defined here, 

and those with normal blood pressure the 

proportions reported taking such medication 

regularly are slightly higher in the present than 

the 1960-1962 survey-8.9 percent compared 

with 7.1 percent in the borderline hypertension 

25 
Table B. Number and percent distribution of adults 18-74 years by responses to selected medical history questions, according to 

hypertensive status: United States. 1960-1962 

zx 

Definite 

hypertensive 

Definite Borderline Normoten- with at least 

hypertensive hypertensive sive 105 mm. Hg 

diastolic pressure Medical history questions 

Poplllation 

in 

thousand5 

Population 

in 

thouPopulation 

in 

thousands 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Percent 

Percent 

Percent 

Percent 

All adults, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . .._............................. 19,661 

-- -- 

100.0 19,452 100.0 69,102 100.0 4,074 100.0 

Have you ever had any reason to think you may have 

high blood pressure? Did a doctor tell you it was high 

blood pressure? 

Yes, doctor diagnosed.. ........................................................ 

Yes, doctor did not diagnose ............................................... 

No ....................................................................................... 

Unknown.. ........................................................................... 

8,252 42.0 3,325 17.1 3,498 5.1 2,323 57.1 

694 3.5 750 3.8 1,397 2.0 218 5.3 

10,536 53.6 15,261 78.5 63,898 92.5 1,503 36.9 

179 0.9 116 0.6 309 0.4 30 0.7 

How long ago did you first start having it? 

1 year .................................................................................. 1,459 7.4 822 4.2 1,374 2.0 459 11.3 

l-5 years.. ............................................................................ 3,215 16.4 1,533 7.9 1,787 2.6 805 19.7 

More than 5 years.. .............................................................. 4,069 20.7 1,622 8.4 1,710 2.5 1,160 28.5 

Other.. ................................................................................. 382 1.9 200 1 .o 284 0.4 147 3.6 

Not applicable ..................................................................... 10,536 53.6 15,275 78.5 63,947 92.5 1,503 36.9 

Have you had it in the past 12 months? 

Yes ...................................................................................... 

No ....................................................................................... 

Unknown ............................................................................. 

Not applicable ..................................................................... 

6,058 30.9 2,436 12.5 2,478 3.6 1,738 42.6 

2,134 10.8 1,240 6.4 2,152 3.1 545 13.4 

933 4.7 501 2.6 525 0.8 288 7.1 

10,536 53.6 15,275 78.5 63,947 92.5 1,503 36.9 

Do you take any pills or medicine for it? 

Yes ...................................................................................... 

No ....................................................................................... 

Unknown.. ........................................................................... 

Not applicable ..................................................................... 

4,12!4 

4,719 

282 

10,53;6 

-- 

21.0 1,382 7.1 1,265 1.8 1,155 28.4 

24.0 2,667 13.8 3,647 5.4 1,340 32.8 

1.4 128 0.6 243 0.3 76 1.9 

53.6 15,275 78.5 63,947 92.5 1,503 36.9 

groups and 2.0 percent compared with 1.8 

percent in the normotensive group (tables A and 

B). 

obtainid from the 1963-1970 Health Examination Surveys and the 1971-1974 Health and 

Nutrition Examination Survey. These studies 

include 

Comparison With Other Studies 

Children and youths, -Blood pressure findings from three large-scale studies of children 

and youths among more geographically limited 

groups in the United States have been selected 

for comparison with the national estimates 

0 The longitudinal Child Research Council 

study of 1927-1967 among patients of Denver physicians from which McCammon24 

reports blood pressure level findings for 249 

boys and girls 6-17 years of age on whom 

more than 4,500 such measurements were 

26 
obtained by an unspecified number of different observers. 

l Johnson et a.Lz5 report findings from the 

first round of examinations in 1959-1960 

for the total community study of Tecumseh, 

Michigan, residents including 2,509 in the 

age range 6-19 years. 

l Blood pressure level findings from one 

examination for 1,159 healthy children 6-15 

years of age seen in one physician’s office 

and outpatient clinic in St. Louis, Missouri, 

were reported by Londe* 6 in 1966. 

The methods used in blood pressure measurement and other design characteristics of these 

studies are described in table C. However, 

because many different factors that may affect 

blood pressure measurement were either uncontrolled or not described among the various 

studies-the examiners, the equipment, the conditions of the examination, and the condition of 

the examinee-at least small differences in mean 

levels among the various study groups would be 

expected. 

As shown in figure 19 mean systolic and 

diastolic blood pressure levels of U.S. children 

and youths age 6-17 years as estimated from the 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 

1971-1974, although lower than those from the 

previous Health Examination Surveys of 1963- 

1970, are within the range of mean levels 

reported for children and youths of comparable 

ages in the Denver, Tecumseh, and St. Louis 

studies. U.S. children and youths in general have 

higher blood pressure than children and youths 

in the Denver study had, lower blood pressure 

than examinees in the Tecumseh community, 

and lower systolic but not diastolic blood pressure than examinees in St. Louis. 

Adults.-National estimates of blood pressure levels from the 1971-1974 Health and 

Table C. Design characteristics of se let 

Author 

McCammon24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Johnson et al.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Londe26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Health Examination Survey . . . . . . . . . . . 

Health Examination Survey . . . . . . . . . . . 

Health and Nutrition Examination 

Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Type and time 

of study 

Longitudinal, 

1927-1967 

Single time, 

1959-1960 

Not stated 

(published 1966) 

(not longitudinal) 

Cross-sectional, 

1963-1965 

Cross-sectional, 

1966-1970 

Cross-sectional, 

1971-1974 

ted studies of blood pressure among children and youths 

Exam inee 

Source 

Children, 

Denver area 

Children, 

Tecumseh, 

Michigan area 

Healthy children 

seen in physician’s 

office and clinic, 

St. Louis area 

U.S. national 

probability sample 

U.S. national 

probability sample 

U.S. national 

probability sample 

Number 

1249 

2,509 

1,159 

7,119 

6,768 

4,283 

Age 

6-17 

years 

6-19 

years 

6115 

years 

6-11 

years 

12-17 

years 

6-l 7 

years 

T 

Method of measurement 

Number of different examiners 

not stated, child sitting, diastolic 

pressure recorded when sound 

became muffled 

49 examiners, child sitting, 

diastolic pressure recorded when 

sounds disappeared 

One examiner, child supine, 

diastolic pressure recorded when 

sounds disappeared 

Four examiners, child supine, 

diastolic pressure recorded when 

SW nds disappeared 

Two examiners, youth supine, 

(first two measurements only), 

diastolic pressure recorded when 

sounds disappeared 

43 examiners, examinee seated, 

diastolic pressure recorded when 

sounds disappeared 

l4,544 measurements. 

27 
Tacumreh l1959.19601 - 

61. LOUIS (1966) ---. 

“nlred states l1971.19’74) . . . . . . . 

Denver 11927.19671 ___ 

““ired states ~lY63.19’701 --- 

2 

E 

E 

8 80 - 

_-- 

60- 

2 

140 r GIRLS 

: 80 

x 

i 

DIASTOLIC a-- 

d 

60 

0 1 1 1 1 ’ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY AGE IN YEARSAT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 19. Mean blood pressure levels of U.S. boys and girls 6-17 years of age in the 1960 Tecumseh, Michigan, study: 1966 St. Louis 

study; estimates for the U.S. population in 1963-1970 and 1971-1974; and 1927-1967 Denver study. 

Nutrition Examination Survey and the 1960- of different trained observers using methods 

1962 Health Examination Survey are compared probably generally similar to those used irj the 

with the following three large-scale stud&: two national surveys. 

0 The 1959-1960 total community study 

of some 2,200 Tecumseh, Michigan, residents age 18-74 years from first round 

examinations, as reported by Johnson et 

al.2 5 

0 The Society of Actuaries’ Build and 

Blood Pressure Study of 195927 (BBP) 

covering the experience of 26 large life 

insurance companies under some 4 million policies issued to men and women 

from 1935 through 1953. 

The mean systolic blood pressure levels of 

men 20-54 years and women 35-64 years from 

both national surveys are about midway between the higher levels of the Tecumseh, 

Michigan, population and the lower levels of the 

insured population in the Society of Actuaries 

1959 study (figure 20). 

l The nationwide Community Hypertension Evaluation Clinic (CHEC) Program 

in 1973-1975 in which more than 1 

million persons were screened at 1 ,17 1 

sites, as reported by Stamler et al.2 8 

Diastolic mean levels for men across the age 

range in the present national survey are nearly 

identical to the levels of the Tecumseh population, exceeding levels from the 1960-1962 Health 

Examination Survey and the lower levels of the 

insured population, whereas the mean diastolic 

blood pressure levels for women 35-74 years in 

both national surveys are about midway between 

the mean levels of the Tecumseh and the insured 

populations. 

In each of these studies the blood pressure 

measurements were obtained by a large number 

Although screening in the CHEC program 

was not done among defined populations, mean 

blood pressure levels of the persons measured in 

it generally paralleled estimates for the U.S. 

28 
180- 

160 - 

MEN 

Tecumseh (1959 1960) - 

BEP (1959, ---- 

UnIted Starer (197, .,9,4, . . . . . . . 

unmd Stales (1960.19lj2, --- 

180 - WOMEN 

8 

8 DIASTOLIC 

I! s 

q so- m 80- 

60 - 60- 

I I I I I 04, 1 I I I I I I 

40 50 60 70 80 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARS AT LAST Y~,RTHDAY AGE IN YEARSAT LAST 8,,q7HDAY 

Figure 20. Mean blood pressure levels of adults in the 1959 Society of Actuaries’ Build and Blood Pressure (BBP) study: the 1960 

Tecumseh, Michigan, study; and estimates for the U.S. population in 1960-1962 and 1971-1974. 

population from the two national surveys, more 

closely for systolic than diastolic blood pressure 

for white and Negro men and women (figure 

21). Prevalence rates for elevated blood pressure 

in the CHEC study were based on a diastolic 

blood pressure of at least 90 mm. Hg and at least 

110 mm. Hg. If these CHEC rates are age-sexrace-adjusted to the total U.S. population to be 

comparable with the U.S. estimates from the 

present survey findings, the national prevalence 

rates from HANES are an average of 1 percent 

higher than rates based on the CHEC study. 

SUMMARY 

This report contains national estimates of 

blood pressure levels of the U.S. civilian noninstitutionalized population 6-74 years of age 

based on findings from the Health and Nutrition 

Examination Survey of 1971-1974. 

For this survey a national probability sample 

of 28,043 persons age l-74 years was selected to 

represent the 194.0 million persons in the target 

population of that age. Of this sample, 20,749 

persons (74.0 percent) were examined. The 

national estimates of blood pressure levels of the 

population in this report are based on findings 

for the 24,513 persons in the sample 6-74 years 

of age. Of this group 17,854 persons (72.8 

percent or 74.4 percent if age-adjusted) were 

examined. 

Only one blood pressure measurement was 

taken on each examinee with the use of a 

sphygmomanometer. Standard procedures were 

followed by the examining physician responsible 

for these measurements. 

The findings are as follows: 

l Among boys and girls age 6-17 years mean 

systolic and diastolic blood pressure increases substantially with age. Before age 15 

the mean pressure levels for boys and girls 

are similar; in ages 15-17 years the mean 

blood pressure levels for boys consistently 

exceed those for girls, the differences increasing with age. No real differences in 

blood pressure levels among white and Negro 

children or youths are evident. 

l Mean systolic and diastolic pressures continue to increase with age into the adult 

age range, but at a slower rate than among 

children and youths. 

29 
180 

160 

WHITE MEN 

CHEC . . . . . . . 

United States, 1971.1974 - 

Umted States, 1960.1962 --- 

E d DlASTOLlC . 

I/ 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . 

80 

. . . . . . . . -“.‘A _-. - _ _ __ _ 

. . . . . . . -;w-- 

__c- 

_./- 

60 t 

OL ' I I I I I I 

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN YEARS ,%T LAST BIRTHDAY 

180 r 

180 r NEGRO MEN 

I I I I I I 

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 

AGE IN “EARS AT LAST BIRTHDAY 

180 - 

160 - 

f 

140 - 

E IZOa: 

3 

B 

E IOO- 

: 

d 80 - 

60 

t 

NEGROWOMEN 

/’ 

I’ 

./= 

H-0 /...... *- 

*....* . ..- 

/ 

,/....-” 

SYSTOLIC 

. . ..-- 

/’ A’ 

I I I I I I 

20 30 40 50 60 70 60 

AGE IN YEARSAT LAST BIRTHDAY 

Figure 21. Mean blood pressure levels of white and Negro men and women in the 1973-1975 nationwide Community Hypertension 

Evaluation Clinic (CHEC) program and estimates for the U.S. population in 1960-1962 and 1971-1974. 

l Among adults systolic pressure continues to 

increase with age, and although the mean 

values for men exceed those for women in 

ages 18-54 years, from 55 years on the mean 

levels for women are higher. 

l Diastolic pressure (mean values) of men 

increases with age and significantly exceeds 

mean diastolic pressure of women in ages 

18-54 years, then decreases slowly from 55 

years on; among women mean diastolic 

pressure levels off at 65-74 years but does 

not decrease significantly. 

l Systolic and diastolic mean pressures for 

Negro men exceed those for white men, and 

those for Negro women exceed the mean 

levels for white women in ages 25-74 years. 

l Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures 

decrease significantly with increase in 

family income and with education, the two 

socioeconomic factors considered here. 

30 
Mean systolic blood pressures for both white 

and Negro men and women living in the 

South are significantly higher than for those 

living in the Northeast or West, while no 

regional differences in mean diastolic blood 

pressure are evident. 

Both systolic and diastolic mean blood 

pressures decrease with increasing population density in the areas of residence. 

An estimated 23.4 million persons in the 

United States 12-74 years of age including 

23.2 million or 18.1 per 100 persons 18-74 

years have definite hypertension-that is 

either systolic blood pressure of at least 160 

mm. Hg OT diastolic blood pressure of at 

least 95 mm. Hg. The prevalence rate of 

definite hypertension, as defined here, increases rapidly with age from 0.8 per 100 at 

12-17 years to 40.7 per 100 at 65-74 years. 

In ages 18-54 years definite hypertension is 

more prevalent among men than women, 

while at 65-74 years the condition is more 

prevalent among women. 

0 Hypertension is substantially more prevalent 

among Negro adults than among white 

adults in the United States. 

0 About one-fourth of the adults with definite 

hypertension have diastolic blood pressure 

of at least 105 mm. Hg. 

l More than half the adults with definite 

hypertension have never been told by their 

doctors that they have this condition or high 

blood pressure. 

0 

0 

l 

The proportion of persons taking medication 

regularly or occasionally for high blood 

pressure within the preceding 6 months is 25 

percent of those with definite hypertension, 

10 percent of those with borderline hypertension, and 2 percent of those with essentially normal blood pressure levels. 

Mean systolic blood pressure levels of U.S. 

children and youths as determined in the 

present 1971-1974 study are substantially 

lower than those national estimates for 

children from the Health Examination Survey of 1963-1965 and for youths from the 

Health Examination Survey of 1966-1970. 

The national estimates of mean diastolic 

blood pressure from the present study are 

also lower than those obtained from the 

previous national surveys, but the differences are smaller. 

Among adults 18-74 years national estimates 

of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure 

levels from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1971-1974 are in closer 

agreement with those from the Health 

Examination Survey of 1960-1962 than 

those for children and youths at the two 

available points in time. Mean systolic blood 

pressure levels for U.S. adults 18-54 years 

are nearly identical, but in ages 55-74 years 

levels are lower (an average of 4-8 mm. Hg) in 

1971-1974 than 1960-1962. Diastolic pressure levels from the more recent survey are 

consistently higher (an average of 3 mm. Hg) 

across the 18-74-year age range. 

000 

31 
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‘National Center for Health Statistics: Origin, program, and operation of the U.S. National Health Survey. 

Vital and HeaEth Statistics. PHS Pub. No. lOOO-Series 

l-No. 1. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Aug. 1963. 

zNational Center for Health Statistics: Plan and 

initial program of the Health Examination Survey. lrital 

and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. lOOO-Series l-No. 4. 

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government 

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3National Center for Health Statistics: Cycle I of the 

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United States, 1960-1962. Vital and Health Statistics. 

PHS Pub. No. 1000~Series 1 l-No. 1. Public Health 

Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, 

Apr. 1964. 

*National Center for Health Statistics: Plan, operation, and response results of a program of children’s 

examinations. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 

1000Series l-No. 5. Public Health Service. Washington. 

U.S. Government Printing Office, Oct. 1967. 

5National Center for Health Statistics: Plan and 

operation of a Health Examination Survey of U.S. 

youths 12-17 years of age. VitaZ and Health Statistics. 

PHS Pub. No. lOOO-Series l-No. 8. Public Health 

Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, 

Sept. 1969. 

6Nationai Center for Health Statistics: Plan and 

operation of the Health and Nutrition Examination 

Survey, United States, 1971-73. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 1-Nos. 10a and lob. DHEW Pub. No. (HSM) 

73-1310. Health Services and Mental Health Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Feb. 

1973. 

7Committee to Revise Standardization of High Blood 

Pressure Readings: Recommendations for human blood 

pressure determinations by sphygmomanometers. New 

York. American Heart Association. Oct. 195 1. 

8Ragan, C., and Bordley, J-: The accuracy of clinical 

measurements of arterial blood pressure, with a note on 

the auscultatory gap. BUZZ. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 

69(6):504, Dec. 1941. 

gMoss, A.J., and Adams, F.H.: Heart Disease in 

Infa&s, Children and Adolescents. Baltimore. The Williams and Wilkins Co., 1968. 

32 

lONational Center for Health Statistics: Blood pressure of persons 18-74 years: United States, 1971-72. 

Vital and Health Statistics. Series 11-No. 150. DHEW 

Pub. No. (HRA) 75-1632. Health Resources Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Apr. 

1975. 

1 IKannel, W.B., Dawber, T.R., Kagen, A., Revotskie, 

N., and Stokes, J.: Factors of risk in the development of 

coronary heart disease-six-year follow-up experience. 

Ann. Intern. Med. 55:33, July 1961. 

I*Kannel, W.B., Schwa& MJ., and McNamara, P.M.: 

Blood pressure and risk of coronary heart disease: The 

Framingham study. Dis. Chest 56:43-52, July 1969. 

13Gordon, T. and Kannel, W.B.: Predisposition to 

atherosclerosis in the head, heart, and legs. jAMA 

221:661-666, Aug. 1972. 

14Pa.ffenbarger, R.S., et al.: Work activity of longshoremen as related to death from coronary heart 

disease and stroke. Neu, Eng. J. Med. 282:1109-1114, 

May 1970. 

15Stamler, J., Stamler, R., and Pullman, T.N. (eds.): 

The Epidemiology of Hypertension. New York. Grune 

& Stratton, Inc. 1967. 

16Paul, 0. (ed.): A survey of the epidemiology of 

hypertension, 19641974. Mod. Concepts Card;iovasc. 

Dis. 36:329-344, 1974. 

17Freis, E.D., and the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group of Antihypertensive Agents: Effects 

of treatment on morbidity in hypertension: Results in 

patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 

through 129 mm. Hg. JAMA 202:1028-1034, Dec. 

1967. 

1 8Freis, E.D., and the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents: Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension: Results 

in patients with diastolic blood pressure average 90 

through 114 mm. Hg. JAMA 213:1143-1152, Aug. 

1970. 

lgNational Center for Health Statistics: Blood pressure of adults by age and sex, United States, 1960-1962. 

Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 1000,~Series 

11-No. 4. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. 

Government Printing Office, June 1964. 
*ONational Center for Health Statistics: Blood pressure of adults by race and area, United States, 

1960-1962. Vital and HeaZth Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 

lOOO-Series 1 l-No. 5. Public Health Service. Washington. 

U.S. Government Printing Office, July 1964. 

*lNationaI Center for Health Statistics: Hypertension 

and hypertensive heart disease in adults. Vital and 

Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. lOOO-Series 11-No. 13. 

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government 

Printing Office, May 1966. 

**National Center for Health Statistics: Blood pressure levels of children 6-11 years: Relationship to age, 

sex, race, and socioeconomic status, United States. Vital 

and HeaZth Statistics. Series 11-No. 135. DHEW Pub. 

No. (HRA) 74-1617. Health Resources Administration. 

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Dec. 

1973. 

23National Center for Health Statistics: Blood pressure of youths 12-17 years, United States. VitaZ and 

Health Statistics. Series 11-No. 163. Health Resources 

Administration. Washington. (In press.) 

24McCammon, Robert W.: Human Growth and 

Development. Springfield, Ill. Charles C Thomas, 1970. 

25Johnson, B.C., Epstein, F.H., and Kjelsberg, M.O.: 

Distributions and familial studies of blood pressure and 

serum cholesterol levels in a total communityTecumseh, Michigan. J. Chronic Dis. 18:147-160, Feb. 

1965. 

26Londe, Sol: Blood pressure in children as determined under office conditions. CZin. Pediat. 5(2):71-78, 

Feb. 1966. 

* 7 Society of Actuaries. Build and Blood Pressure 

Study, 1959. Vol. I, II. Chicago. Society of Actuaries. 

Oct. 1959, Mar. 1960. 

28Stamler, J., Stander, R., Riedlinger, W.F., Algera, 

G., Roberts, R.H.: Hypertension screening of 1 million 

Americans. Community hypertension evaluation clinic 

(CHEC) program, 1973 through 1975.JAMA 235:2299- 

2306, May 1976. 

2gNational Center for Health Statistics: Replication: 

An approach to the analyses of data from complex 

surveys. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS Pub. No. 

lOOO-Series ~-NO. 14. Public Health Service. Washington. 

U.S. Government Printing Office, Apr. 1966. 

SoNational Center for Health Statistics: Pseudoreplication: Further evaluation and application of the balanced 

half-sample techniques. Vital and Health Statistics. PHS 

Pub. No. lOOO-Series ~-NO. 31. Public Health Service. 

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Jan. 

1969. 

‘1 Miller, R.G. Simultaneous Statistical Inference. New 

York. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1966. 

32Nie, Norman: Statistical Package for the Social 

Sciences. New York. McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1970. 

33 
LIST OF DETAILED TABLES 

1. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 6-l 1 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the 

mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United St#ates, 1971-1974 ............................... 37 

2. Percent distribution of boys 7-11 years, by specified systolic anld diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 38 

3. Percent distribution of girls 7-1 1 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States. 1971-1974 ...... 38 

4. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white children 6-I 1 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 ............................. 39 

5. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro children 6-11 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 ............................. 40 

6. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of youths 12-17 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of tlhe 

mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United St.ates, 1971-1974 ............................... 41 

7. Percent distribution of boys 12-17 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ..... 42 

8. Percent distribution of girls 12-17 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 42 

9. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white youths 12-17 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 ............................. 43 

10. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro youths 12-17 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 ............................. 44 

11. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the 

mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 ............................... 45 

12. Percent distribution of men 18-24 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 46 

13. Percent distribution of men 25-34 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 46 

14. Percent distribution of men 3544 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 47 

15. Percent distribution of men 45-54 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 47 

16. Percent distribution of men 55-64 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 48 

17. Percent distribution of men 65-74 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 ...... 48 

18. Percent distribution of women 18-24 years, by specified systolic end diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 .... 49 

19. Percent distribution of women 25-34 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 .... 49 

20. Percent distribution of women 3544 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 .... 50 

21. Percent distribution of women 45-54 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 .... 50 

22. Percent distribution of women 55-64 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 .... 51 

23. Percent distribution of women 65-74 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 . . . 51 

34 
24. Tests of skewness and kurtosis of systolic and diastolic blood pressures of examinees 6-74 years, by sex and age: United States, 

1971-1974............................................................................. 52 

25. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 

26. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 

27. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Spanish-Mexican Americans and American Indians 7-74 years, by sex and age-mean, 

standard error of the mean, and standard deviation: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 

28. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by region, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean, 

standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 

29. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 years, by region, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean, 

standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 

30. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years, by region, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean, 

standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 

31. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by annual family income, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the 

mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 

32. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 years, by annual family income, sex, and age-mean, standard error 

of the mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 

33. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years, by annual family income, sex, and age-mean, standard error 

of the mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 

34. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by education, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean, 

standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 

35. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 years, by education, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the 

. mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 

36. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years, by education, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the 

mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 

37. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by population density, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the 

mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 

38. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 years, by population density, sex, and age-mean, standard error of 

the mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 

39. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years, by population density, sex, and age-mean, standard error of 

the mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 

40. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with definite hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 

41. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with blood pressure of at least 105 mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with 

standard errors of rate and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 

42. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with borderline hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 

43. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with definite hypertension, by race, 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 

44. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with blood pressures of at least 105 

mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . 76 

45. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with borderline hypertension, by race, 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 

35 
46. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 6-l 1 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the 

mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1963-1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

47. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white children 6-l 1 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1963-1965. . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

48. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro children 6-11 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, selected percentiles, and population estimates: United States, 1963-1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . 

49. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the 

mean, and selected percentiles: United States, 1960-1962. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,, 

50. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of 

the mean, and selected percentiles: United States, 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

51. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error oif 

the mean, and selected percentiles: United States, 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

52. Rate and number of adults IS-74 years with definite hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate ancl 

age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

53. Rate and number of adults 18-74 years with blood pressure of at least 105 mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with 

standard errors of rate and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 

54. Rate and number of adults 18-74 years with borderline hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-I 962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

55. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with definite hypertension, by race,, 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,, 

56. Percent and number of adults IS-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with blood pressure of at least 106 

mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 . . ,, 

57. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with borderline hypertension, by race,. 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-I 962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I, 

78 

79 

80 

81 

82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

87 

88 

89 

36 
Table 1. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 6.11 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation. standard ewx of the mean, selected Percentiles, and POpUlatiOn 

estimates: Unlted States, 1971.1974 

I I 

Blood pressure.sex,and age 

Percentile 

Menn sx sx 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

Popu. 

lation 

in 

thousands1 

SYSTOLIC 

Blood pressure Imm. Hgl 

Both sexes 

6 years ....................................................................................................................... 95.6 10.5 1.04 79.2 83.4 89.2 

7-l 1 yearr .................................................................................................. 

7 wan ....................................................................................................................... 

8 years ....................................................................................................................... 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 

11 years.. ................................................................................................................... 

103.3 12.1 0.68 83.; 89.1 

E = 5 = = 

99.9 11.4 1.13 792 85.0 

101.5 12.6 0.97 79.7 85.4 

104.0 12.1 0.96 85.2 89.3 

104.5 11.6 0.93 85.E 89.4 

106.0 12.0 0.98 89.C 89.6 

93.9 

= 

90.0 

91.5 

95.2 

95.7 

97.5 

89.3 

93.7 

93.j 

102.c 

- 

- 

99.: 

99.f 

103.: 

103.E 

105.1 

99.9 

109.8 

- 

109.2 

109.5 

109.8 

110.0 

114.2 

114.4 I 

121,s 

X 

119.5 

121.7 

122.c 

124.1 

123.9 

BOVS 

- 

6 veaw ....................................................................................................................... 

7.11 yearr .................................................................................................. 

95.1 

103.3 

10.4 

12.0 

1.15 

0.65 

79.: 

84.E 

79.9 

89.0 

93.f 

103.: 

99.6 

109.8 

109.7 

119.3 

Z 

114.5 

119.3 

119.4 

119.4 

119.7 

109.2 

119.2 

114.5 

121.7 

7 years ....................................................................................................................... 

8 years ....................................................................................................................... 

9 years .............................. ..- ..................................................................................... 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 

11 vears................................................................: .................................................... 

Girls 

- 

101.5 11.3 

100.7 12.7 

103.5 11.3 

105.4 11.7 

105.0 12.3 

83.4 87.6 93.1 1oo.c 109.4 115.2 119.7 2,232 

79.f 85.1 89.6 99.8 109.5 119.2 121.8 1,749 

85.C 89.1 95.2 103.E 109.8 119.4 121.6 1,861 

87.2 89.4 Y7.0 105.E 111.5 119.5 125.7 2,222 

87.i 89.4 97.3 104.c 111.2 119.3 123.5 2,223 

6 wan ....................................................................................................................... 

7-1 1 years ................................................................................................. 

7 years ....................................................................................................................... 

B years ....................................................................................................................... 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 

11 years ..................................................................................................................... 

DIASTOLIC 

96.1 10.5 

103.3 12.3 

- - 

98.0 11.3 

102.4 12.5 

104.5 12.9 

103.8 11.5 

107.0 117 

1.45 

1.09 

1.17 

1.07 

1.47 

1.35 

0.93 

79.f 84.4 89.0 935 103.7 109.9 

83.1 89.2 94.0 1Ol.f 109.8 119.4 

- - - - - - 

79.5 83.8 89.6 952 105.1 114.4 

79.6 87.8 94.6 1oo.c 109.5 119.3 

89.0 89.5 95.2 103.2 109.8 119.4 

83.8 89.4 95.6 103.5 103.8 119.4 

89.3 89.9 97.8 105.8 115.7 119.9 

114.3 

123.1 

1.64 

1.42 

1.55 

1.40 

1.20 

- 

119.1 

120.0 

129.4 

123.8 

125.1 

Bothsexes 

6 years ....................................................................................................................... 61.0 

7.1 1 years .................................................................................................. 64.7 

a.7 

9.8 

0.70 

0.61 

49.0 

48.C 

49.6 54.6 59.6 65.7 70.0 

49.8 59.1 64.0 69.8 77.6 

75.8 

79.7 

7 yearr ....................................................................................................................... 63.0 9.6 

8 years ....................................................................................................................... 62.9 10.1 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 65.4 10.0 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 65.1 9.0 

11 year* ..................................................................................................................... 66.6 9.9 

43.9 49.8 57.5 60.0 69.5 74.8 79.2 

45.6 49.4 57.2 61.4 69.5 75.9 79.6 

47.8 498 59.2 67.1 71.1 77.7 79.6 

49.1 51.5 59.3 65.2 69.8 75.8 79.4 

49.4 51.3 58.4 67.1 732 79.6 81.5 

BOYS 

- 

6 Y~BTS ....................................................................................................................... 

7-1 1 years .................................................................................................. 

7 years ....................................................................................................................... 

8 years ....................................................................................................................... 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 

11 years ..................................................................................................................... 

Girls 

- 

60.4 8.2 55.2 59.5 65.4 69.6 73.3 . . . 

65.1 

63.7 44.0 51.4 59.2 61.8 69.6 74.6 

63.0 45.3 49.4 57.1 61.2 69.6 79.1 

65.6 49.2 49.9 59.3 65.!3 71.0 77.4 

66.1 49.1 55.4 59.6 67.1 71.1 77.6 

66.7 49.3 50.0 59.6 67.3 73.4 79.4 

9.6 

- 

9.0 

10.6 

9.3 

9.1 

9.7 

1 .oo 

0.90 

0.90 

0.74 

0.80 

0.91 

0.57 

- 

1.13 

1.05 

0.95 

0.86 

1.05 

0.99 

0.78 

47.3 

49.1 

49.4 

49.9 59.2 65.1 69.9 77.6 79.6 

- 

77.2 

79.9 

79.6 

79.6 

79.8 

6 yean.......................................................................- .............................................. 

7-1 1 years .................................................................................................. 

7 yearr ....................................................................................................................... 

8 yem ....................................................................................................................... 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 

10 years ..................................................................................................................... 

11 years ..................................................................................................................... 

79.3 

79.7 

61.5 9.1 49.2 49.8 54.2 59.6 65.9 73.8 

64.3 10.0 47.6 49.8 58.1 63.4 69.7 77.5 

- -- 

62.0 10.2 1.40 43.6 492 55.6 59.7 692 77.6 

62.8 9.7 1.21 45.8 49.4 57.6 61.7 69.4 73.4 

65.3 10.6 1.36 47.2 49.8 59.1 67.2 71.2 77.9 

64.2 a.9 0.94 48.0 51.3 58.2 63.5 69.6 74.9 

66.5 10.1 1.06 49.4 54.4 59.2 65.8 71.9 79.8 

- - -- 

1The.e population figures are not precise census estimates in this degree of age detail but are included to give a rough iden of the number in the population at risk. 

79.6 

79.2 

79.6 

77.9 

85.2 

. . . 

20,275 

4,069 

3,515 

3,839 

4,558 

4,294 

..- 

10,287 

.-. 

9,988 

1.838 

1,766 

1,978 

2,335 

2.071 

_._ 

20,275 

- 

4,069 

3,515 

3,839 

4,558 

4294 

10,287 

2,232 

1,749 

1861 

2,222 

2,223 

. . . 

9,988 

NOTE: s, = stsndvd deviation,s~ =standard error of the menn. 

1,838 

1,766 

1,978 

2,335 

2,071 

37 
Table 2. Percent distribution of boys 7-11 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 90 

Total Under 40 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 and 

over 

Percent distribution 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 

-- 

-- 

1.3 

8.6 

24.3 

28.8 

26.0 

9.4 

1.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.0 

4.3 

1.1 

1.5 

4 1.0 

0.4 

0.3 

4.3 16.9 

1.1 0.1 

1.5 4.1 

1.0 7.1 

0.4 4.3 

t 

0.3 1.1 

0.2 

0.0 

13.5 2.1 

Under 80 ..................................................................................... 

80-89.. ......................................................................................... 

90-99 ........................................................................................... 

100-109.. ...... ............................................................................... 

110-119 ....................................................................................... 

120-l 29.. ..................................................................................... 

130-139 ....................................................................................... 

140-149.. .. .... ............................................................................... 

150-159 ... .................................................................................... 

160 and over.. .............................................................................. 

0.0 

Table 3. Percent distribution of girls 7-l 1 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

‘#It al ‘aier 40-4~erce~-5~5riON3~ 70-79 80-89 5 

Total 19.3 I 38.4 27.5 8.6 ............................................................................ 

Under 80 ..................................................................................... 

80-89 ........................................................................................... 

90-99. .......................................................................................... 

100-109.. ..................................................................................... 

110-119.. ..................................................................................... 

120-129 ....................................................................................... 

130-139 ....................................................................................... 

140-149 ....................................................................................... 

150-159 . . ..................................................................................... 

160 and over.. .............................................................................. 

1 DO.0 0.4 5.4 

= 

1.8 0.2 0.5 

6.4 - 0.6 

27.4 0.2 2.0 

3,o.o - 1.7 

22.3 - 0.5 

10.0 - - 

1.6 - 0.1 

0.3 - - 

0.2 - - 

1.1 - 

2.9 2.8 

8.9 13.7 

3.6 12.4 

2.4 7.0 

0.4 2.1 

0.4 

0.1 

2.6 

10.3 

9.2 

4.9 

0.4 

1.8 

3.1 

2.6 

0.6 

0.3 

0.2 

38 
sex and aoe-mean. standard deviation. standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and 

” 

: UnitedSt&s,~971-1974 

Table4. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white children 6-11 years. by 

population estima 

Blood prers"re,sex,and age Mean s.y sz 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

SYSTOLIC 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

Both sexes 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

7-11 years ................................................................................................... 

95.4 

103.3 

10.4 

12.2 

1.15 

0.70 

79.2 

93.7 

93.2 99.1 

99.1 93.9 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 99.7 11.4 1.21 79.7 94.6 90.0 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 101.7 12.9 1.12 79.5 94.9 91.4 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 104.3 11.9 0.96 95.9 99.6 96.0 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 104.4 11.5 0.97 67.1 99.4 95.6 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 106.2 12.3 1.00 99.1 99.7 97.6 

Boys 

- 

6 wan ........................................................................................................................ 94.2 10.2 

12.0 

1.19 

7-l 1 years ................................................................................................... 103.6 0.67 

79.1 

95.0 

79.6 

99.0 

99.1 

94.0 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

Girls 

- 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

101.7 11.4 1.51 93.2 87.4 93.2 101.2 109.5 115.4 119.E 

100.7 12.9 1.25 79.6 94.9 99.6 99.7 109.5 119.4 121.E 

104.4 10.6 1.23 95.7 89.7 97.5 104.7 109.9 119.6 121.E 

105.6 11.7 1.11 87.4 99.4 97.1 105.7 111.4 119.5 127.2 

105.0 12.5 1.57 95.9 99.5 97.3 103.5 110.0 119.4 123.E 

96.5 10.4 1.61 

7-1 1 years ................................................................................................... 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ....................................................................................................................... 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

DIASTOLIC 

103.1 12.4 0.99 

97.2 11.0 1.79 

102.6 13.0 1.64 

104.1 12.7 1.57 

103.4 11.1 1.44 

107.7 11.9 i .39 

79.6 84.9 

93.2 99.2 

- - 

79.4 83.3 

79.4 95.2 

99.0 89.5 

as.3 99.5 

99.3 91.1 

99.1 94.9 104.1 109.9 114.3 

93.9 101.3 109.9 119.3 123.1 

- - - - - 

99.5 953 103.9 113.7 115.4 

93.9 101.7 109.6 119.4 123.2 

95.3 101.9 109.7 117.9 129.4 

95.5 103.3 109.6 119.2 123.4 

99.0 109.0 117.1 121.0 127.1 

Both sexes 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

7-1 1 year* ................................................................................................... 

60.9 0.93 

64.9 

9.0 

9.9 0.64 

47.7 

47.9 

49.4 

49.9 

53.9 

59.1 

7 wan ........................................................................................................................ 62.7 9.7 

9 wars ........................................................................................................................ 63.1 10.4 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 65.9 10.0 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 65.0 9.0 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 66.9 9.7 

BOYS 

- 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 9.1 

7-11 years ................................................................................................... 65.3 9.6 

1.10 

0.99 

0.92 

0.9 1 

0.94 

1.01 

0.57 

43.6 49.7 

45.2 49.3 

47.9 51.4 

49.0 51.5 

49.4 52.0 

59.4 43.9 

49.1 

49.2 

51.0 

57.2 

573 

59.4 

59.3 

59.4 

53.4 

59.3 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

Girls 

- 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

63.9 

63.0 

66.5 

66.2 

66.9 

9.3 

IO.9 

9.9 

99:: 

1.29 

1.22 

0.98 

0.96 

0.96 

51.2 59.2 62.0 69.7 

493 55.9 61.2 69.7 

54.7 59.6 67.7 71.3 

55.3 59.6 67.2 71.2 

51.6 59.6 67.4 73.3 

62.1 9.5 

10.0 

1.09 

7-1 1 years ................................................................................................... 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 yean ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

64.2 0.96 

43.9 

45.0 

49.5 

49.1 

49.4 

49.2 

47.4 

49.9 

49.9 

54.2 

59.0 

61.3 9.9 1 A9 43.1 49.2 55.4 59.6 67.9 74.2 79.5 1,545 

63.3 9.9 1.36 45.4 49.3 59.0 63.3 69.6 73.6 79.4 1,500 

65.3 10.9 1.51 45.9 49.6 59.1 67.4 71.9 77.8 79.6 1,740 

63.9 9.8 1.08 47.9 51.3 59.1 63.0 69.5 74.9 77.5 %009 

66.8 10.1 1.33 49.4 54.6 59.4 67.2 73.4 79.9 95.1 1,708 

Population 

in 

thousandal 

114.C . . . 

123.C 17.267 

Percentile 

99.9 

109.8 

109.6 

119.3 

93.7 

103.0 

99.2 

100.0 

103.3 

103.9 

105.3 

933 

103.3 

109.2 

109.5 

109.7 

109.9 

114.5 

99.4 

109.9 

114.4 119.: 3.473 

119.4 121.S 3,029 

119.3 123.1 3,225 

119.4 124.: 3,947 

119.9 125.: 3,593 

105.6 

119.3 

1095 

122.c 

.__ 

9,765 

1,929 

1,529 

1,496 

1,939 

1.995 

. . . 

9.502 

1.545 

1,500 

1,739 

2,009 

1,709 

59.6 67.1 71.3 

77.5 

75.3 ___ 

64.7 69.9 79.6 

60.0 69.4 74.7 79.0 

61.9 69.6 77.4 79.7 

67.5 71.5 77.9 79.6 

65.0 69.8 75.9 79.3 

67.3 73.3 79.5 91.5 

17,267 

- 

3,473 

3,029 

3,225 

3,947 

3,593 

59.4 65.0 69.4 69.9 . . . 

65.5 70.0 77.7 79.6 

77.4 

90.0 

79.7 

79.6 

79.9 

9,765 

1,929 

1,529 

1,486 

1,937 

1.995 

59.9 

63.5 

69.1 91.0 

69.9 

74.9 

792 

77.9 

77.9 

79.3 

74.4 

77.3 79.6 

_._ 

9,502 

&These popuiationiigures are not Precise censusestimatesinthis degree ofage detail but areincludedtogivea rough ides ofthenumberinthe population at risk. 

NOTE: sx = standard deviation, sj~ = standard error of the IIICP~. 

39 
Table 5. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro children 6.11 years. by sex and aqe-mean. standard dewation, standard error of the mean. selected percentiles. and 

: UnitedStates, 1971.1974 

I I I 

population estimi 

Percentile 

Blood pressure,sex,and age 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

SYSTOLIC 

Both sexes 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

7-11 year* ................................................................................................... 

96.9 

103.2 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 wars ........................................................................................................................ 

9 yea= ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 veers ...................................................................................................................... 

101.4 

101.1 

102.3 

105.5 

105.0 

1.96 

1 .a9 

2.39 

2.29 

1.53 

119.6 

119.2 

121.7 

123.2 

119.9 

soys 

- 

6 yean ........................................................................................................................ 

7-1 1 years ............................................................................................... 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ...................................................... ................................................................. 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ................................................................................................... . .................. 

11 years ..................................................................................................................... 

Girls 

- 

99.6 2.72 

102.1 

- 

100.6 

100.7 

99.7 

104.4 

105.6 

10.5 

12.3 

13.0 

11.3 

11.7 

1.32 

- 

2.37 

3.27 

3.03 

2.73 

2.93 

99.1 

79.7 

99.1 

93.6 

77.9 

79.9 

97.3 

99.6 97.i 103.6 119.6 

113.4 

124.4 

121.1 

119.6 

119.9 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 2.46 

7-1 1 veers .............................. . .................................................................... 

95.1 

104.2 103.2 121.7 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 wars .................................................................................................................... . . 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

102.3 

101.4 

106.7 

106.4 

104.5 

3.16 

2.77 

3.13 

3.54 

1 .a3 

97.4 

99.2 

99.1 

77.6 

99.1 

99.2 

99.7 

99.4 

85.6 

91.7 

99.9 

99.6 

103.9 

im.0 

103.6 

114.2 

107.6 

119.2 

117.5 

109.6 

119.9 

115.9 

129.7 

124.0 

119.9 

DIASTOLIC 

Both sexes 

6 years ....................................................................................................................... 61.6 7.6 1.25 49.6 51.6 57.6 59.5 

63.1 

63.7 69.9 

7-l 1 years ................................................................................ . .................. 64.3 9.9 3.93 49.2 49.6 57.9 69.7 79.2 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 64.3 9.9 1.67 49.1 55.2 59.2 61.3 69.6 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 61.3 9.2 1.35 49.2 49.6 57.2 59.6 66.0 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 63.3 10.0 1 .a2 47.9 49.4 55.4 63.1 69.6 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 66.0 9.2 1.99 49.2 49.9 59.4 67.7 69.9 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 65.9 11.4 2.10 49.2 49.5 57.5 64.2 74.9 

79.6 

77.1 

79.6 

90.0 

97.2 

Bays 

- 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 63.9 7.5 57.2 59.9 67.9 

7-11 years ................................................................................................... 63.9 9.6 

1.73 

1.20 49.1 

57.5 

49.5 

59.2 

57.9 63.0 69.6 

79.0 

73.1 

75.5 

77.9 

79.7 

77.3 

77.7 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 63.0 6.2 1.09 55.2 55.7 59.2 59.9 69.1 69.9 

9 year3 ........................................................................................................................ 63.0 9.5 2.09 49.3 49.9 57.5 61.3 67.9 74.7 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 61.9 9.9 2.46 47.6 49.1 51.2 59.9 69.5 74.7 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 65.4 9.5 1.89 49.2 49.9 59.6 65.9 69.9 74.0 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 66.2 12.3 3.90 49.2 49.4 55.2 65.4 79.2 79.9 

74.2 :295 

79.4 :205 

75.9 375 

79.3 :241 

90.0 300 

Girls 

- 

6 years ........................................................................................................................ 

7-1 1 years ................................................................................................... 

7 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

9 years ........................................................................................................................ 

10 years ...................................................................................................................... 

11 years ...................................................................................................................... 

59.2 6.7 1.39 49.2 49.9 56.5 59.1 61.9 65.5 69.9 

64.9 10.0 1.99 49.2 49.7 57.9 63.5 69.7 79.3 

- - 

66.7 IO.6 2.95 47.5 49.2 69.2 64.3 71.7 79.6 

60.0 7.7 z.04 49.2 49.5 53.4 59.4 63.9 69.6 

65.9 9.6 1.66 49.6 51.4 59.4 65.3 69.7 79.5 

66.5 9.7 I .59 49.1 50.0 59.4 69.0 69.9 79.5 

65.4 10.4 2.09 49.4 49.9 57.6 63.2 69.9 79.6 

- - - 

lThese population figures are not precise census estimatesin this degree ofage detail but areincludedto give aroughideaofthe numberinthe population at risk. 

90.0 

79.9 

73.7 

95.1 

93.9 

97.3 

in 

thou- 

;ancls~ 

590 

471 

597 

553 

633 

1,416 

295 

205 

375 

1241 

:300 

:295 

:266 

:222 

:312 

:333 

-_. 

21334 

== 

!690 

471 

!697 

!653 

633 

1,416 

NOTE: sx = standard deviation,.y = standard error ofthe mean. 

1,419 

-- 

:295 

:266 

:222 

:312 

:333 

-- 

40 
Table 6. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of youths 12-17 years, by sex ant d age--mean,standard deviation,sandard error of the mean,selected percentiles,aud population 

estimates: United States,1971-1974 

Blood pressure,sex,and age 

Systolic 

Both sexes, 12.17 years ............................................................................ 

12 year5 .................................................................................................................... 

13 years .................................................................................................................... 

14 ye*n .................................................................................................................... 

15 years .................................................................................................................... 

16 years .................................................................................................................... 

17 years .................................................................................................................... 

Boys, 12.17 years .......................................................................................... 

12 yea* .................................................................................................................... 

13 years .................................................................................................................... 

14 yean .................................................................................................................... 

15 years .................................................................................................................... 

16 yean .................................................................................................................... 

17 years .................................................................................................................... 

Girls, 12-17 yeao ........................................................................................... 

12 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

13 years .................................................................................................................... 

14 yearr .................................................................................................................... 

15 years .................................................................................................................... 

16 years .................................................................................................................... 

17years .................................................................................................................... 

Diastolic 

Both sexes, 12-l 7 years.. .......................................................................... 

12 years .................................................................................................................... 

13 YeaR .................................................................................................................... 

14 yeeTs ................................................................................................................... 

15 yean .................................................................................................................... 

.l6 years ................................................................................................................... 

17 years .................................................................................................................... 

Boys, 12-l 7 years .......................................................................................... 

12 yeaT* .................................................................................................................... 

13 YeaT* ................................................................................................................... 

14 years ................................................................................................................... 

15 years ................................................................................................................... 

16 years .................................................................................................................. 

17years .................................................................................................................... 

Girls, 12-17 Yeats .......................................................................................... 

12 years .................................................................................................................... 

13yean .................................................................................................................... 

14 years .................................................................................................................... 

15 years .................................................................................................................... 

16 years .................................................................................................................... 

17 years .................................................................................................................... 

Population 

in 

thousands' 

t Blood Pressure lmm.Hgl 

91.5 

= 

113.4 13.7 0.55 103.6 

109.3 13.0 0.99 99.2 

111.4 13.1 0.93 99.9 

113.6 12.1 O.& 93.9 

114.1 13.2 1.02 93.0 

116.4 13.9 0.77 95.5 

116.3 15.3 1.25 93.4 

99.6 

101.2 

103.9 

105.3 

107.6 

106.0 

119.2 

119.4 

119.9 

119.9 

123.7 

123.9 

114.9 13.9 0.65 

- 

1.12 

1.26 

1.02 

1.34 

1.44 

1.43 

105.6 113.2 

109.9 12.1 

111.3 13.2 

114.4 11.7 

116.4 13.5 

119.1 14.0 

119.5 14.9 

99.4 

93.1 

97.2 

93 .a 

97.6 

97.7 

93.2 

95.9 

99.4 

99.6 

99.7 

99.9 

109.3 

109.6 

113.1 

113.6 

117.9 

117.7 

119.0 

119.5 

119.9 

125.0 

129.1 

129.0 

111.9 13.4 0.57 94.6 119.6 

109.7 14.1 1.54 

111.4 12.9 1.19 

112.9 12.5 1.33 

111.7 12.5 1.37 

113.6 13.2 1.19 

112.2 15.1 1.51 

91.3 

93.6 

97.6 

95.5 

97.1 

93.3 

109.2 

110.0 

109.9 

109.7 

111.6 

109.9 

69.9 9.9 0.40 53.3 57.6 

X = = = = 

61.6 69.5 

- 

- 

77.1 

C 

67.4 9.9 0.63 49.9 

69.9 10.0 0.73 53.4 

69.5 9.6 0.66 49.9 

70.6 9.6 0.61 55.1 

71.1 9.5 0.66 54.0 

72.6 11 .o 0.99 55.6 

70.5 10.0 0.39 53.4 

- 

57.1 

57.3 

55.9 

57.9 

59.1 

59.1 

57.9 

59.9 69.0 71.9 

59.7 69.3 758 

61.1 69.1 75.2 

63.5 69.6 77.3 

65.1 69.9 77.9 

65.7 71.7 79.4 

63.4 69.7 77.6 

67.5 

69.5 

69.6 

71.4 

72.9 

73.7 

69.0 

9.1 

10.4 

10.3 

9.9 

9.0 

10.9 

97 

0.71 

1.03 

0.92 

0.94 

0.73 

1 .oa 

0.59 

51.7 57.5 61.6 69.1 71.6 

54.1 55.9 59.7 69.6 77.2 

49.6 55.5 60.0 69.1 75.5 

53.9 57.2 64.1 69.9 79.2 

59.0 59.6 67.5 73.1 79.4 

56.7 59.5 67.9 73.7 79.6 

67.3 9.6 1.02 

66.4 96 0.91 

69.3 9.9 0.92 

69.7 9.1 0.92 

69.4 9.7 0.95 

71.2 10.9 1.20 

53.2 

- 

49.7 

50.0 

53.2 

57.1 

53.2 

51.7 

- 

57.4 59.9 69.3 75.3 

55.5 59.4 67.7 732 79.5 64.4 1,939 

57.4 59.7 69.0 74.9 79.6 64.4 2,322 

57.1 61.2 69.2 74.2 79.6 90.0 2,175 

59 2 63.3 693 74.0 91.5 94.9 2,067 

57.5 59.9 69.5 75.9 81.3 93.9 2,050 

57.6 63.1 69.9 79 a 63.5 89.1 1,710 

25,070 

125.1 

127.5 

129.3 

129.9 

133.9 

137.5 

139.6 

119.9 

127.2 

125.9 

137.3 

139.0 

139.7 

129.4 

127.4 

129.9 

139.0 

139.7 

145.3 

149.2 

2,365 

2,030 

2,064 

2,131 

2,059 

2,137 

12.263 

129.4 

127.9 

129.7 

129.1 

129.9 

129.6 

91.2 

- 

- 

79.2 

79.9 

79.7 

92.0 

91 .a 

95.2 

91.9 

133.6 

133.6 

137.0 

133.0 

137.3 

137.5 

95.2 

= 

79.9 

64.6 

91.9 

95.9 

94.7 

99.4 

95.4 

1,939 

2,322 

2,175 

2,067 

2,050 

1,710 

25,070 

4.304 

4,353 

4,259 

4,199 

4,109 

3847 

12.909 

79.1 

93.5 

79.9 

63.4 

93.3 

95.5 

79.9 

79.6 2,365 

64.7 2,030 

94.5 294 

97.2 2,131 

95.3 2.059 

99.7 2,137 

64.6 12,263 

1 These population figures xe not precise ccn6u1 estimatc5in this degree of age detail butarcincluded trrkive arnughidea of the number In the population at risk. 

NOTE:S,~ = standard dwia1ion.s = standard error of the meon. 

41 
Table 7. Percent distribution of boys 12-17 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

= 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . .._............................................... 100.0 0.1 1.3 8.7 27.4 39.5 20.2 2.5 0.3 

Under 80.. .......................................... . .......................... 

80-89.. ........................................................................... 

90-99.. ........................................................................... 

100-109.. ....................................................................... 

1 IO-I 19.. ....................................................................... 

120-129.. ....................................................................... 

130-139.. ....................................................................... 

140-149.. ....................................................................... 

150-159.. ....................................................................... 

160 and over ................................................................. 

0.0 

1.4 

8.9 

19.7 

31.7 

22.9 

8.4 

4.7 

1.8 

0.5 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

1 I I I I I I I 

J I I I I I I I - 

Percent distribution 

0. 1 

0.0 - 

0.6 0.7 

0.7 1.8 4.7 

0.2 2.5 7.1 

0.3 2.6 8.9 

0.8 5.0 

0.1 0.4 0.6 

0.0 0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

1.5 

8.8 

14.2 

8.7 

3.9 

1.2 

0.7 

0.4 

0.2 

1.1 

5.6 

7.5 

2.8 

2.7 

0.3 

0.0 

0.1 

0.7 

0.6 

0.6 

0.4 

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.0 

Table 8. Percent distribution of girls 12-17 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total ............................................................. 

Under 80 ....................................................................... 

80-89.. ........................................................................... 

9089.. ........................................................................... 

100-109.. ....................................................................... 

110-l 19.. ....................................................................... 

120-129.. ....................................................................... 

130-139.. ....................................................................... 

140-149.. ....................................................................... 

150-I 59.. ....................................................................... 

160 and over ................................................................. 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

100 

40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 and 

over 

100.0 

0.4 

1.8 

13.1 

24.0 

27.5 

21.4 

9.4 

1.7 

0.3 

0.4 

0.1 

== 

0.1 

0.0 

1.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.4 

0.1 

0.3 

Percent distribution 

12.1 32.2 37.4 14.6 2.2 0.3 

0.3 - - - - 

0.8 0.7 - - - - 

3.9 6.3 2.3 0.2 - - 

3.8 10.1 8.7 1.3 - - 

1.9 8.1 12.7 4.4 0.1 - 

1.2 5.0 8.7 5.8 0.7 - 

0.4 1.5 4.1 2.4 0.9 0.1 

0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.4 - 

0.1 0.1 - 0.1 0.0 

0.2 0.0 0.2 
Table 9. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white youths 12-17 years, I bv sex and ax-mean. standard deviation, standard error of the mean. selected percentiles, and 

population estl 

Blood pressure, sex,and age 

Systolic 

Both sexes, 12-17 Yeats .......................................................................... 

12 yeaTs .................................................................................................................. 

13 yean .................................................................................................................. 

14 YeaTI .................................................................................................................. 

15 years .................................................................................................................. 

16 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

17 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

Boys, 12.17 years ........................................................................................ 

12 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

13 years ................................................................................................................. 

14years .................................................................................................................. 

15 years .................................................................................................................. 

16 years .................................................................................................................. 

17 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

Girls, 12-17 yearr ......................................................................................... 

12 yearf .................................................................................................................. 

13 yealt .................................................................................................................. 

14 year*..................................................................: ............................................... 

15 year*. ................................................................................................................. 

16 years.. ................................................................................................................ 

17years .................................................................................................................. 

Diastolic 

Both sexes, 12-17 years .......................................................................... 

12 years .................................................................................................................. 

13 years .................................................................................................................. 

14 years .................................................................................................................. 

15 years .................................................................................................................. 

16 years.. ................................................................................................................ 

17 years .................................................................................................................. 

Boys, 12-17 years ........................................................................................ 

12 years .................................................................................................................. 

13 years .................................................................................................................. 

14 years .................................................................................................................. 

15 years .................................................................................................................. 

16 years .................................................................................................................. 

17 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

Girls, 12-17 years ......................................................................................... 

12 years .................................................................................................................. 

13 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

14 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

15 years .................................................................................................................. 

16 years...............: .................................................................................................. 

17 "eaTs .................................................................................................................. 

Its: Unite; States, i971-1974 

I Percentile POPW 

lation 

in 

tlJ0"". 

sands' 

21.539 

L 

Mean s, sz 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

113.6 13.7 91.8 97.2 103.8 

= 

0.54 

= 

111.5 

- 

- 

119.8 129.7 137.9 

109.8 13.1 1.06 89.2 92.0 93.6 109.4 119.3 125.2 131.6 3,632 

111.3 13.3 1.03 90.0 95.1 99.9 109.7 119.4 127.8 131.5 3,751 

113.9 12.0 1.01 97.0 99.1 104.4 113.0 119.9 129.2 137.2 3,621 

114.1 12.8 1.04 91.4 99.1 105.E 111.7 119.8 129.7 139.2 3,495 

116.2 13.8 0.82 95.3 97.8 107x 114.1 123.7 133.8 139.7 3,677 

116.5 15.6 1.43 93.2 99.2 107.i 115.1 124.8 137.6 147.3 3,363 

115.1 13.8 

- 

0.67 95.0 

- - 

1.19 89.8 

1.34 93.9 

1.13 97.5 

1.36 93.8 

1.61 97.5 

1.59 98.0 

99.0 

- 

94.1 

97.0 

99.7 

99.5 

99.6 

100.0 

93.9 

105.7 113.4 

- - 

99.9 109.4 

99.6 109.6 

107.9 113.4 

107.9 113.4 

109.3 117.6 

109.4 119.1 

121.2 131.2 139.7 

- - 

120.0 129.1 

127.3 129.8 

125.6 135.9 

137.c 139.5 

139.4 147.3 

1392 149.4 

11,024 

109.7 12.0 

111.4 13.3 

114.8 11.3 

115.8 13.1 

119.3 14.3 

120.1 15.1 

119.2 

119.5 

120.0 

124.0 

129.2 

129.2 

2,030 

1,747 

1.782 

1,779 

1,603 

1,884 

112.0 13.4 

- 

0.59 89.7 101.4 109.9 119.6 129.4 135.1 10,515 

109.9 14.4 1.87 87.6 91.2 99.4 109.3 119.6 129.5 133.6 1,602 

111.2 13.2 1.38 89.6 93.4 101.7 109.9 119.4 129.2 135.0 2.004 

113.1 12.6 1.56 93.5 97.6 101.7 110.0 119.8 129.7 137.3 1,839 

112.4 12.2 1.39 89.9 95.6 104.2 110.0 119.5 127.2 133.4 1,716 

113.2 12.6 1.21 93.3 95.9 103.6 111.6 119.7 129.6 137.1 1.876 

112.0 15.2 1.67 84.1 93.2 100.0 109.8 119.8 129.5 137.3 1,479 

69.7 

Z 

67.5 

66.9 

68.3 

70.5 

70.6 

72.7 

9.8 0.40 

= = 

8.6 0.61 

9.6 0.74 

9.6 0.73 

9.3 0.61 

9.4 0.76 

11.3 1.02 

53.3 

= 

52.0 

55.1 

49.8 

54.4 

53.7 

51.9 

57.5 69.5 76.4 81.1 84.8 21,539 

- 

- 

57.2 

57.3 

55.9 

58.0 

59.0 

59.0 

61.3 

= 

59.8 

59.6 

60.0 

63.6 

64.4 

65.5 

- 

- 

69.1 

69.3 

69.1 

69.7 

69.7 

72.0 

72.0 79.2 79.9 3,632 

75.5 79.9 84.4 3,751 

75.0 79.6 81.7 3,621 

77.2 81.6 85.0 3,495 

77.5 81.6 84.1 3.677 

79.5 85.3 89.4 3,363 

70.4 63.3 77.4 11,024 

67.7 

69.9 

67.8 

70.8 

72.3 

73.9 

10.0 0.43 53.3 57.8 

- - - - 

8.0 0.68 53.2 57.5 

10.0 1.06 55.2 57.7 

10.2 1.02 49.5 54.6 

9.6 0.88 53.5 55.6 

9.1 0.76 57.9 59.5 

11.2 1.22 56.5 59.4 

61.7 

59.7 

59.8 

63.8 

67.2 

67.9 

69.7 

- 

69.2 

69.8 

67.6 

69.8 

71.2 

74.2 

71.8 

77.2 

73.9 

79.1 

79.3 

79.7 

81.8 85.2 

- - 

79.0 79.6 

83.4 84.5 

79.7 82.0 

81.6 85.4 

83.2 85.3 

85.7 89.7 

2,030 

1,747 

1,782 

1,779 

1,803 

1,884 

69.0 

67.3 

68.0 

68.7 

70.1 

69.0 

71.1 

9.7 

- 

9.6 

9.5 

9.0 

9.0 

9.4 

11.2 

0.60 53.2 57.4 59.9 69.3 75.4 79.8 84.2 

- 

85.0 

81.7 

80.0 

84.7 

83.2 

87.9 

- 

10,516 

1.12 50.0 55.9 59.4 67.5 73.1 79.6 

D.92 49.9 57.3 59.6 68.0 74.0 79.5 

0.88 53.3 57.3 61.2 69.2 75.4 79.6 

3.91 57.4 59.3 63.6 69.5 75.4 81.7 

1.13 53.2 57.4 59.8 69.5 75.6 79.9 

1.40 51.5 57.4 61.4 69.8 79.2 83.3 

1,602 

2,004 

1.839 

1,716 

1.875 

1,479 

- 

IThese population figures are not precise census estimates in this degree of age detail but are included to give a rouph idea of the number in the population at risk. 

NOTE: S, = standard deviation, s, = standard error of the mean. 

4: 
Table 10. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro youths 12-17 yews. by sex and ,lge-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles. and 

populatmn estunater: UnIted States, 1971.1974 

POPU. 

lation 

in 

0 

Blood pressure,sex, and age 

Systolic 

Both sexes. 12-17 years ........................................................................ 

12 yeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

13 YeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

14 yeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

15 YeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

16 years ................................................................................................................ 

17 YeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

Boys. 12-17 years ...................................................................................... 

12 years ................................................................................................................ 

13 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

14 years ................................................................................................................ 

15 years.. .............................................................................................................. 

16 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

17 years ................................................................................................................ 

Girls, 12-17 years ....................................................................................... 

12 years ................................................................................................................ 

13 years ................................................................................................................ 

14 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

15 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

16 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

17 yea,s ................................................................................................................ 

Diastolic 

Both sexes, 12.17 years ........................................................................ 

12 years.. .............................................................................................................. 

13 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

14 years ................................................................................................................ 

15 years ................................................................................................................ 

16 years ................................................................................................................ 

17 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

BOYS. 12-17 years ...................................................................................... 

12 years ................................................................................................................ 

13 years ................................................................................................................ 

14 YeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

15 years....................................~ ........................................................................... 

16 yea,s ................................................................................................................ 

17 YeaTB ................................................................................................................ 

Girls, 12-17 Yeats ....................................................................................... 

12 yeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

13 years ................................................................................................................ 

14 yeaTs ................................................................................................................ 

15 years ................................................................................................................ 

16 year ................................................................................................................ 

17 yearr ................................................................................................................ 

thouSallClPl 

89.9 

= 

83.5 

90.0 

90.0 

94.6 

99.3 

97.1 

89.6 

- 

82.0 

90.0 

90.0 

93.9 

100.0 

98.0 

95.8 

- 

- 

89.9 

93.0 

97.1 

95.8 

99.8 

97.9 

95.1 

- 

83.6 

90.0 

91.2 

99.8 

100.0 

98.0 

97.7 

103.8 

103.1 

99.0 

107.5 

103.6 

103.7 

- 

95.6 

103.6 

99.9 

109.4 

109.3 

109.1 

99.8 

109.8 

- 

109.1 

109.9 

109.7 

114.9 

119.3 

111.4 

1.17 

= 

1.96 

1.67 

1.29 

2.64 

3.00 

2.27 

1.46 

- 

2.99 

3.13 

2.31 

2.83 

2.75 

3.14 

129.4 

5 

120.0 

125.3 

129.3 

131.3 

133.8 

129.8 

127.8 

129.3 

129.9 

133.1 

147.4 

139.7 

131.9 

- 

127.2 

129.6 

129.3 

139.6 

134.6 

141.1 

3,323 

ES 

630 

599 

576 

650 

425 

444 

1,667 

112.0 

- 

- 

107.0 

112.1 

111.4 

112.6 

117.8 

113.7 

13.2 

EC 

lZ!.5 

11.4 

11.7 

14.3 

14.6 

12.9 

13.1 

- 

11.9 

1:1.2 

11.5 

13.3 

11.6 

12.3 

119.6 

z 

113.2 

119.5 

119.4 

123.6 

124.2 

119.6 

119.6 

104.6 

111.0 

110.1 

117.6 

117.6 

115.6 

111.6 

109.9 

119.4 

119.2 

126.0 

124.0 

119.7 

119.6 

117.5 

124.2 

125.0 

131.4 

133.1 

134.4 

129.6 

283 

284 

226 

1,657 

109.5 

113.1 

112.5 

108.3 

117.9 

111.6 

70.2 

G 

67.5 

69.2 

70.0 

70.2 

74.6 

71.6 

12.5 

101.6 

11.7 

13.6 

18.4 

13.2 

9.8 

2.86 

1.90 

2.48 

4.04 

6.47 

3.35 

0.82 

90.0 

91.7 

93.7 

94.6 

99.1 

91.6 

98.0 

99.1 

95.4 

103.1 

97.8 

100.0 

107.1 

103.3 

98.2 

103.7 

103.2 

63.4 

107.7 

113.8 

109.8 

99.7 

114.2 

107.8 

69.4 

- 

- 

69.1 

67.9 

69.5 

69.2 

77.2 

69.6 

69.8 

116.8 

119.6 

119.5 

119.7 

129.1 

119.6 

71.9 

77.8 

75.6 

75.6 

79.8 

75.4 

126.0 

125.4 

129.9 

131.2 

159.0 

129.5 

81.0 

- 

- 

79.3 

84.2 

79.6 

85.1 

85.7 

79.7 

83.2 

129.5 

129.1 

133.1 

131.8 

169.5 

139.4 

87.2 

- 

- 

79.8 

89.3 

81.8 

87.4 

88.0 

84.7 

85.9 

312 

316 

292 

351 

168 

90.0 218 

53.8 3,323 

Z 

630 

599 

576 

650 

425 

444 

1.39 

1.91 

1.35 

1.67 

1.70 

0.98 

53.6 

53.8 

59.2 

57.6 

59.6 

63.1 

61.3 

61.2 

64.5 

63.2 

69.1 

67.2 

63.8 1,667 

66.9 

67.0 

72.4 

73.1 

76.0 

72.5 

69.3 

8.6 

12.4 

8.8 

9.4 

7.8 

8.0 

2.13 

3.21 

1.92 

2.06 

1.37 

2.28 

49.6 

44.6 

55.2 

58.0 

59.4 

59.2 

55.1 

49.4 

69.5 

59.1 

59.8 

63.3 

57.8 

61.7 

59.7 

67.2 

69.1 

69.8 

67.6 

63.3 

65.6 

67.1 

73.8 

71.1 

77.7 

69.8 

69.1 

69.9 

73.8 

79.0 

79.8 

79.9 

79.1 

79.3 

87.6 

79.8 

85.6 

83.8 

79.9 

79.8 

79.7 

89.5 

84.2 

87.2 

85.3 

85.0 

87.5 

318 

283 

284 

299 

257 

226 

68.2 

71.2 

67.6 

67.7 

72.5 

70.7 

9.8 

10.1 

7.6 

9.8 

11.7 

7.4 

49.4 

57.0 

55.3 

55.4 

51.8 

59.3 

49.9 

59.3 

59.1 

56.0 

59.3 

59.9 

59.8 

63.5 

63.3 

63.1 

64.8 

67.0 

69.3 

69.8 

67.9 

64.0 

69.6 

69.4 

77.0 

79.2 

69.9 

69.9 

79.8 

74.2 

79.3 

80.0 

76.2 

79.6 

87.8 

77.8 

79.8 

89.1 

80.0 

89.1 

94.1 

84.5 

312 

316 

292 

351 

168 

218 

IThese population figures are not precise census estimates in this degree of age detail but are included to give a rough idea of the number in the population at risk. 

NOTE:sx = standard deviation,s = standard errorofthe mean. 
Table 11. Svrtolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 18-74 war% bv sex and age-mean,standard deviation,rtandard error of the mean,selected percentiler,and population 

esfimat United Stater,1971-1974 

E 

Population 

in 

thou. 

iandrl 

Percentile 

Mean s, q 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

- 

T Blaodpressure,rex,andage 

Systolic Blood pressure (mm.Hg) 

Both sexes, 18-74 yea~s....................................................................... 129.8 21.9 0.41 99.7 107.0 114.5 

- 

109.4 

109.7 

113.3 

119.3 

125.1 

131.3 

125.4 139.6 159.3 169.6 127,937 

119.0 13.8 0.47 97.6 99.8 

120.9 14.7 0.46 99.1 101.8 

125.6 17.6 0.57 99.7 105.1 

134.1 22.7 1.03 103.8 109.4 

142.0 23.5 0.79 109.1 113.4 

150.1 25.2 0.83 113.7 119.6 

119.2 127.7 137.3 140.0 23,462 

119.4 129.4 139.4 146.0 26,762 

123.2 133.8 149.1 157.8 22,575 

129.6 143.6 160.0 175.8 23,524 

139.3 155.6 169.9 185.8 18,841 

147.7 163.6 181.4 193.7 12,773 

0.59 105.6 109.8 119.8 133.9 149.8 169.5 181.7 66,597 

0.47 

- 

0.67 

0.64 

0.81 

1.23 

1.16 

1.06 

105.7 

- 

103.0 

103.9 

105.0 

109.1 

107.9 

109.7 

109.7 

99.1 

109.6 119.2 129.2 

- - 

113.8 121.4 

115.8 123.6 

117.6 125.7 

119.8 131.1 

123.9 137.8 

129.4 143.5 

139.6 

- 

130.0 

131.7 

135.7 

143.7 

149.9 

159.8 

157.3 169.2 

- 

144.0 

149.6 

155.0 

175.1 

179.1 

189.7 

60,566 

107.8 

109.4 

1092 

111.3 

113.8 

119.1 

139.6 

140.0 

149.0 

161.4 

166.0 

179.4 

11,351 

12.766 

10,804 

11,260 

8,888 

5,496 

0.71 111.7 133.7 31,177 

128.4 24.0 0.52 101.8 

121.1 

109.9 121.9 

- 

113.9 

115.0 

119.7 

129.2 

139.7 

149.3 

149.2 

139.5 

166.0 

159.7 

179.1 

174.1 67.372 

138.1 

131.4 

24.0 

19.2 

1148 13.1 0.59 95.1 99.0 106.6 

116.7 14.1 0.45 95.9 99.4 107.6 

123.6 19.2 0.64 99.0 101.3 109.6 

132.9 24.4 1.28 99.8 109.1 117.2 

144.0 25.6 0.94 109.2 112.0 125.7 

152.5 25.2 0.98 117.5 121.5 135.1 

121.2 

123.7 

131.1 

143.4 

159.4 

167.1 

109.5 119.5 134.2 153.2 

65.9 71.7 

E 

67.5 

69.6 

73.6 

77.4 

79.0 

77.4 

79.6 89.1 

131.1 12,111 

139.8 13496 

159.6 11.772 

179.2 12,264 

189.3 9953 

197.4 7,277 

187.6 35,420 

103.8 127,937 

18.24 yean .......................................................................................................... 

25-34 vean .......................................................................................................... 

3544 yean .......................................................................................................... 

45-64 yean .......................................................................................................... 

55.64 years .......................................................................................................... 

65-74 YEATS .......................................................................................................... 

40-74 yean .......................................................................................................... 

Men, 18.74 years ...................................................................................... 

18.24 Y~BTS .......................................................................................................... 123.5 13.0 

125.5 13.9 

127.7 15.4 

135.3 20.7 

139.7 20.8 

146.9 24.7 

137.4 21.5 

25-34 years .......................................................................................................... 

3544 yean .......................................................................................................... 

45-54 year* .......................................................................................................... 

5564 years .......................................................................................................... 

65-74 years .......................................................................................................... 

18-24 veals .......................................................................................................... 

26-34 years ........................................................................................................... 

45.54 Vearr .......................................................................................................... 

55.64 years .......................................................................................................... 

65-74 years .......................................................................................................... 

138.7 

Diastolic 

Both sows. 18.74 yean......................................................................., 81.4 

25.9 

13.0 

0.74 

0.28 

103.4 

59.8 

77.4 

75.1 

129.7 

133.4 

149.3 

159.9 

175.7 

184.4 

170.0 

97.9 

73.8 10.4 0.41 57.4 59.5 

77.8 10.9 0.30 59.6 63.9 

82.4 12.2 0.39 61.9 69.0 

85.7 13.6 0.60 67.1 69.6 

86.7 12.5 0.47 69.2 71.0 

85.7 13.0 0.50 67.2 69.5 

85.6 

83.4 

12.9 

12.3 

0.37 

0.31 

67.2 69.6 

64.4 692 

73.6 79.6 85.6 89.5 23.462 

77.8 83.9 89.7 95.3 26,762 

79.9 89.2 99.0 104.0 22.575 

83.8 91.6 101.9 109.4 23,524 

85.2 94.2 101.5 109.1 18.841 

83.8 93.4 100.0 109.1 12.773 

83.7 91.8 66,597 

El.3 89.5 

loo.0 

99.3 

109.1 

104.7 60.565 

1824 yean .......................................................................................................... 

26.34 years .......................................................................................................... 

35-u yearr................................................................." ........................................ 

45.64 yean .......................................................................................................... 

55-64 yeaT* ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 years ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 years ........................................................................................................... 

Men. 18.74 years ....................................................................................... 

1824 yean ........................................................................................................... 

2534 yean ........................................................................................................... 

3544 yean ........................................................................................................... 

45.54 yean ........................................................................................................... 

76.3 10.0 0.52 592 63.1 69.5 77.2 812 87.7 91.2 11,351 

81.1 10.3 0.48 65.6 69.0 .73.8 79.7 87.4 91.8 99.1 12,766 

84.8 11.5 0.56 69.0 69.6 77.5 83.4 89.8 99.5 107.2 ~~aorl 

87.9 13.1 0.68 69.5 73.2 79.4 87.1 93.8 103.8 109.8 11,280 

86.B 12.3 0.68 69.1 70.0 79.2 85.4 95.0 101.9 loB.2 sass 

85.4 132 0.57 65.3 69.4 77.1 83.7 93.3 99.9 107.9 5,496 

86.6 

79.7 

12.6 0.43 

0.35 

69.1 70.0 79.1 85.2 93.4 101.8 109.3 31,177 

13.3 59.4 

- 

55.2 

59.2 

59.6 

63.8 

69.2 

675 

63.5 69.7 79.2 872 

- - - 

63.8 69.8 79.1 

67.8 74.1 79.8 

70.0 79.4 87.2 

74.0 80.0 89.7 

77.7 85.0 93.9 

77.5 83.8 93.5 

95.9 103.0 

- - 

83.6 87.6 

87.6 90.0 

95.6 101.3 

69.9 107.9 

101.3 108.0 

100.0 109.2 

67,372 

71.5 10.2 0.52 

74.9 10.6 0.30 

80.2 12.5 0.46 

83.6 13.7 0.67 

86.6 12.7 0.55 

85.9 12.9 0.57 

59.2 

59.9 

64.3 

69.1 

71.1 

69.6 

12,111 

13.596 

11.772 

12,264 

9,953 

7.277 

84.5 13.1 0.41 65.3 69.4 75.5 83.1 91.1 99.8 107.6 35,420 

65.74 ;e,n ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yean ........................................................................................................... 

Women, 18.74 years .................................................................................. 

18.24 years ......................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ........................................................................................................... 

3544 years ........................................................................................................... 

45.54 years ........................................................................................................... 

55.64 years ........................................................................................................... 

65.74 years ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yeaR ........................................................................................................... 

1 These population figures are not precise eensusestimatesinthis degree oFage detail but arc mcludedtogwe ~roughideaofthenumbcrinthe population Itrrsk. 

NOTE: s, = standard deviation,q = standard error ofthemean. 

45 
,. 

Table 12. Percent distribution of men 18-24 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States. 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

- 

Total 

Under 110 

501 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 

1 oo109 and 

over 

- 

Percent distribution 

Total.. ........................................................... 100.0 0.4 3.7 13.4 37.5 35.8 6.8 

Under 100 .................................................................... 

100-I 09.. ...................................................................... 

110-l 19.. ...................................................................... 

120-I 29.. ...................................................................... 

130-139.. ...................................................................... 

140-149.. ...................................................................... 

150-159.. ...................................................................... 

160-169.. ...................................................................... 

170 and over.. ............................................................... 

00 04 07 06 

A:; 0:3 0’4 

1:4 

2’9 

5:1 

4’0 1 3 : 

21.8 - 8:4 6:6 0.3 

32.9 0.1 1.0 3.0 13.5 13.6 1.5 

20.9 - 0.2 0.8 8.1 8.8 2.6 

10.8 - 0.3 0.9 2.3 4.7 1.8 

1.9 - - - 0.4 0.4 0.6 

1.0 - - - 0.2 0.3 0.0 

0.1 0.0 - 0.1 0.0 

Table 13. Percent distribution of men 25-35 years, by specified syetolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

I Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) Total Under 

5. 

50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 ;g IIO119 

;c 

over 

Total .................................................. 

Under 100.. ........................................................ 

100-109.. ........................................................... 

1 IO-I 19 ............................................................. 

120-129 ............................................................. 

130-139. ............................................................ 

140-149 ............................................................. 

150-159.. ........................................................... 

160-169. ............................................................ 

170-179.. ........................................................... 

180 and over.. .................................................... 

0.4 

0.2 

0.2 1 0.6 8.8 28.2 40.6 1 

0.2 

0.4 

0.0 

Percent distribution 

0.1 

1.8 

3.3 

2.1 

1.1 

0.4 

0.8 

2.3 

10.3 

7.5 

5.4 

1.6 

0.3 

0.2 

0.9 

8.4 

17.2 

9.6 

2.8 

1.2 

46 
Table 14. Percent distribution of men 35-44 vears. bv soecified svstolic and diastolic blood vressures: United States. 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total Under 

130 

6. 

60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 IOO- IlO- 120- 

109 119 129 

and 

over 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

c 

100.0 

Under 100.. .......................................................... 0.9 

100-109 ............................................................... 7.8 

110-119 ............................................................... 18.2 

120-129 ............................................................... 26.7 

130-139 ............................................................... 24.6 

140-149 ............................................................... 11.9 

150-l 59 ............................................................... 6.1 

160-169 ............................................................... 2.3 

170-179 ............................................................... 0.7 

160 and over.. ...................................................... 0.8 

Table 15. Percent distribution of men 45-54 ars, bv specified svstolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States. 1971-1974 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 100.. .......................................................... 

loo-109 ............................................................... 

110-119 ............................................................... 

720-729 ............................................................... 

130-139 ............................................................... 

140-149 ............................................................... 

150-159 ............................................................... 

160-169 ............................................................... 

170-I 79 ............................................................... 

180-189 ............................................................... 

190-199 ............................................................... 

200 and over.. ...................................................... 

0.8 

0.2 

0.3 

0.3 

Percent distribution 

40.2 20.3 8.3 3.5 0.5 

1.7 - - - - 

9.1 0.6 - - - 

14.9 5.2 0.1 - - 

10.5 7.0 2.6 0.3 - 

3.4 4.4 2.9 0.9 - 

0.4 2.5 2.4 0.8 - 

0.2 0.6 0.1 1.4 - 

- 0.2 0.0 - 

- 0.1 0.5 

0.2 

E 

0.2 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

130 

Total Under 

6. 

60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 IOO- 110. 120- 

,09 119 129 

and 

over 

Percent distribution 

100.0 

E 

0.4 

4.3 

12.4 

23.7 

19.9 

18.3 

7.1 

5.1 

4.5 

1.8 

2.0 

0.5 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

2.4 25.5 

0.5 

3.6 

8.5 

8.0 

2.2 

1.1 

1.4 

0.2 

10.6 

X 

0.0 

0.2 

1 .o 

3.5 

1.8 

2.1 

1.2 

0.6 

0.2 

0.0 

4.5 

0.3 

0.5 

1.1 

1.2 

0.8 

0.6 

0.0 

1.7 

0.3 

0.3 

0.5 

0.1 

0.5 

0.0 

1 ,o 

X 

0.2 

0.3 

0.5 

47 
Table 16. Percent distribution of men 55-64 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 100.. .......................................................... 0.2 

100-109 ............................................................... 5.0 

1 IO-I 19 ............................................................... 8.9 

120-129 ............................................................... 15.0 

130-139 ............................................................... 21.6 

140-149 ............................................................... 18.4 

150-159 ............................................................... 11.7 

160-169 ............................................................... 9.7 

170-179 ............................................................... 4.4 

180-189 ............................................................... 2.3 

190-199 ............................................................... 2.0 

200-209 ............................................................... 0.5 

210 and over.. ...................................................... 0.3 

60-69 70-79 SO-69 90-99 IOO- llO- 120- 

109 119 129 

5 

Over 

Percent distribution 

100.0 

E 

0.9 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.3 

3.8 

0.1 

2.0 

1.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

17.7 

1.6 

3.6 

6.8 

3.8 

1.2 

0.7 

0.0 

0.0 

1.2 

4.0 

6.6 

9.7 

8.0 

2.6 

1.8 

0.5 

0.3 

4.2 

ZZZ= 

0.4 

0.4 

1.2 

1.3 

0.2 

0.6 

0.1 

1.3 

C 

0.1 

0.2 

0.4 

0.3 

0.0 

0.3 

Table 17. Percent distribution of men 65-74 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

S 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 100.. .......................................................... 0.5 

100-109 ............................................................... 2.4 

1 IO-1 19 ............................................................... 6.7 

120-129 ............................................................... 12.6 

130-139 ............................................................... 16.6 

140-149 ............................................................... 16.5 

150-159 ............................................................... 15.4 

160-169 ............................................................... 10.4 

170-I 79 ............................................................... 7.8 

180-189 ............................................................... 5.0 

190-199 ............................................................ .:. 2.4 

200-209 ............................................................... 1.5 

210-219 ............................................................... 1.1 

220-229 ............................................................... 0.5 

230-239 ............................................................... 0.2 

240 and over.. ...................................................... 0.4 

I/ Total Under 60 60-69 70-79 SO-89 90-99 IOO- 109 IIO- 119 

Percent distribution 

100.0 

Z 

6.5 21.7 

0.2 

1.1 

1.2 

1.8 

0.7 

0.7 

0.5 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.8 

3.9 

5.1 

5.5 

3.3 

1.8 

0.6 

0.2 

0.3 

0.1 

31.3 

C 

0.4 

1.5 

4.1 

7.7 

6.1 

4.6 

3.1 

2.3 

0.9 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

23.5 

0.0 

0.0 

1.5 

2.3 

4.7 

6.2 

3.6 

2.6 

1.2 

0.8 

0.4 

0.2 

0.0 

11.2 

E 

0.0 

0.2 

1.0 

2.2 

2.5 

1.9 

1.8 

0.4 

0.4 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.3 

2.9 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.4 

0.4 

0.6 

0.2 

0.4 

0.3 

0.1 

0.0 

0.1 

1.6 

E 

0.1 

0.0 

0.3 

0.1 

0.5 

0.1 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

X 

0.1 

0.0 

0.1 

0.0 

0.0 

0.0 
Table 18. Percent distribution of women 18-24 years, bv specified svstolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 110 

Total Under 50 50-59 W-69 70-79 SO-89 90-99 loo- 109 and 

over 

I Percent distribution 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 90.. ...................................................................... 

90-99 .............................................................................. 

100-109.. ........................................................................ 

110-119 .......................................................................... 

120-129.. ........................................................................ 

130-139.. ........................................................................ 

140-149.. ........................................................................ 

150-159 .......................................................................... 

160-169 .......................................................................... 

170 and over .................................................................. 

100.0 1.1 7.5 

0.9 0.2 0.3 

8.8 0.5 2.0 

19.6 0.2 2.3 

31.2 0.2 1.9 

25.7 - 0.7 

9.5 - 0.2 

2.8 - - 

1.0 - 0.1 

0.1 - - 

0.4 - - 

27.7 37.9 21.9 

0.4 0.0 - 

5.1 1.2 - 

8.5 7.5 1.0 

8.2 14.0 6.5 

4.5 11.8 8.1 

0.6 3.0 4.7 

0.2 0.3 1.4 

0.2 - 0.2 

0.1 - 

3.1 

0.1 

0.4 

0.6 

0.9 

0.6 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.5 

E 

0.0 

0.2 

0.2 

0.0 

0.1 

~ 0.3 

C 

0.1 

0.1 

0.0 

0.0 

0.1 

Table 19. Percent distribution of women 25-34 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 120 

Total Under 

5. 

50-59 60-69 70-79 SO-89 90-99 IOO- IIO1o9 119 and 

over 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 90.. .......................................................... 

90-99 ................................................................. 

100-109 ............................................................. 

110-119 ............................................................. 

120-129 ............................................................. 

130-139 ............................................................. 

140-149 ............................................................. 

150-I 59 ............................................................. 

160-169 ............................................................. 

170-I 79 ............................................................. 

180 and over.. .................................................... 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.5 2.8 

0.2 

1.1 

0.8 

0.6 

0.1 

Percent distribution 

0.3 

3.9 

8.5 

8.0 

1.8 

0.4 

0.0 

36.7 

1.2 

8.2 

15.3 

9.5 

2.0 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

10.0 1.4 0.1 

6.1 2.9 0.3 

1.8 1.1 0.7 

0.3 0.8 0.2 

0.1 0.5 0.2 

0.1 0.1 0.1 

0.1 - 0.1 

0.0 

C 

49 
Table 20. Percent distribution of women 35-44 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

1 C 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) Under 120 

Total 6. 60-69 70-79 SO-89 90-99 IOO- IIO109 119 and 

over 

Percent distribution 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 1.7 12.8 30.0 33.6 13.6 13.6 1 5.3 1.9 1.1 

C = i I 0.7 0.4 

4.2 0.4 

14.3 0.5 

23.1 0.3 

24.2 0.1 

14.5 - 

8.2 - 

4.8 - 

2.8 - 

1.5 - 

0.9 - 

0.3 - 

0.5 - 

0.3 

2.4 

4.7 

3.9 

1.4 

0.1 

Under 90 .......................................................................... 

90-99 ................................................................................ 

100-109.. .......................................................................... 

1 IO-I 19 ............................................................................ 

120-129.. .......................................................................... 

130-139.. .......................................................................... 

140-149.. .......................................................................... 

150-159.. .......................................................................... 

160-169.. .......................................................................... 

170-I 79.. .......................................................................... 

180-189 ............................................................................ 

190-I 99.. .......................................................................... 

200 and over .................................................................... 

1.3 

7.3 

11.1 

7.1 

2.6 

0.6 

0.0 

0.1 

1.7 

7.1 

12.1 

8.1 

2.9 

1.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 - 

0.7 0.0 

3.0 0.5 

3.5 0.2 

3.3 1.3 

2.0 1.3 

0.8 0.7 

0.2 0.6 

- 0.6 

- 0.1 

- 0.0 

0.1 

0.3 

0.8 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

0.3 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.3 

0.0 

Table 26. Percent distribution of women 45-54 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total Under 60-69 70-79 SO-89 90-99 loo- IIO- 12’- 

130 

6. 109 119 129 and 

over 

Percent distribution 

100.0 1.6 7.4 25.6 35.3 17.2 8.2 

0.5 0.3 

2.0 0.4 

6.9 0.3 

18.0 0.6 

20.9 - 

17.4 - 

13.4 

6.9 _ 

6.5 - 

2.7 - 

1.0 - 

1.2 - 

1.5 

0.5 - 

0.6 - 

0.2 

1.2 

2.1 

2.2 

0.9 

0.8 

0.0 

0.0 

0.4 

3.5 

7.5 

8.4 

3.8 

1.6 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

1 .o 

6.7 

9.8 

8.5 

5.2 

2.0 

1.9 

0.2 

1.0 

1.8 

3.9 

4.8 

2.5 

2.1 

0.6 

0.3 

0.2 

0.3 

1.6 

1.6 

1.9 

1.1 

0.3 

0.6 

0.8 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8 

C 

0.1 

0.2 

0.4 

0.1 

0.5 

0.1 

0.3 

0.4 

0.4 

0.3 

1.4 

S 

0.2 

0.4 

0.1 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.0 

0.2 

0.5 

E 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

Under 90.. ............................................................ 

90-99 ................................................................... 

100-109 ............................................................... 

1 IO-I 19 ............................................................... 

120-I 29 ............................................................... 

130-I 39 ............................................................... 

140-149 ............................................................... 

150-159 ............................................................... 

160-169 ............................................................... 

170-179 ............................................................... 

180-189 ............................................................... 

190-199 ............................................................... 

200-209 ............................................................... 

210-219 ............................................................... 

220 and over.. ...................................................... 

50 
. 

Table 22. Percent distribution of women 55-64 vears. bv specified svstolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Under 100 .......................................................................... 

100-109.. ............................................................................ 

1 IO-I 19.. ............................................................................ 

120-129.. ............................................................................ 

130-139 .............................................................................. 

140-149.. ............................................................................ 

150-159.. ............................................................................ 

160-169.. ............................................................................ 

170-179.. ............................................................................ 

180-189.. ............................................................................ 

190-199.. ............................................................................ 

200-209.. .............................................. .I ............................ 

210-219 .............................................................................. 

220-229.. ............................................................................ 

230 and over ...................................................................... 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total Under 70-79 So-89 go-99 IOO- IIO- 120- 

130 

7. 1o9 119 129 

and 

over 

Percent distribution 

3.5 

G 

0.3 

0.9 

0.6 

0.5 

0.8 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

22.7 32.8 24.0 12.0 

0.8 

1.7 

7.6 

4.5 

5.0 

0.8 

0.8 

0.3 

0.5 

0.5 

0.2 

0.5 

3.0 

5.8 

8.6 

6.8 

3.0 

3.1 

1.6 

0.3 

1.2 - 

3.1 0.3 

6.3 0.8 

6.1 1.8 

2.4 4.0 

2.2 2.7 

1.6 1.0 

0.5 0.6 

0.1 0.5 

0.5 0.3 

0.1 

2.9 

- 

0.2 

0.5 

0.2 

0.6 

0.5 

0.1 

0.4 

0.1 

0.3 

1.2 

E 

0.0 

0.2 

0.2 

0.7 

0.1 

0.9 

0.1 

0.1 

0.4 

0.3 

Table 23. Percent distribution of women 65-74 years, by specified systolic and diastolic blood pressures: United States, 1971-1974 

Systolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 

Under 100.. .......................................................... 

100-109 ............................................................... 

110-119 ............................................................... 

120-129 ............................................................... 

130.139 ............................................................... 

140-149 ............................................................... 

150.159 ............................................................... 

160-169 ............................................................... 

170-I 79 ............................................................... 

180-189 ............................................................... 

190-199 ............................................................... 

200-209 ............................................................... 

210-219 ............................................................... 

220-229 ............................................................... 

230-239 ............................................................... 

240 and over.. ...................................................... 

Diastolic blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Total Under 60-69 70-79 SO-89 go-99 IOO- IIO- 12’- 

130 

6. 1o9 119 129 and 

over 

Percent distribution 

0.2 

1.3 

3.7 

9.7 

13.4 

18.7 

15.6 

13.4 

7.7 

7.3 

4.2 

2.0 

1.1 

0.5 

0.6 

0.6 

0.5 

E 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.0 

5.6 21.1 34.6 22.0 

0.1 

0.4 

0.9 

1.3 

0.9 

1.1 

0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.4 

1.9 

3.8 

4.7 

5.1 

2.6 

1.0 

0.8 

0.4 

0.3 

0.1 

0.3 

0.6 

3.7 

5.9 

8.3 

5.9 

4.7 

2.5 

1.7 

0.7 

0.1 

0.1 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.8 

2 

4.8 

4.6 

2.5 

1.8 

1.6 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.0 

0.3 

0.5 

1.4 

2.4 

1.0 

2.5 

0.5 

1.0 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

0.2 

4.0 

X 

0.1 

0.6 

0.4 

0.6 

0.6 

0.7 

0.3 

0.4 

0.0 

0.2 

0.1 

1.1 

C 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

0.4 

0.1 

0.0 

0.1 

0.2 

0.7 

E 

0.0 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

51 
Table 24. Tests of skewness and kwtosis of systolic and diastolic blood pressures of examinees, 674 years, by sex and age: United States, 1971-1974 

- 

Levels of significance 

Both sexes Male5 Females T Females Number of examined 

PtYSO”S Skewn--- I Kurtosis 

6 yeasl.......................................... 0.3 

7-1 1 years.. ..................................... 0.2 

12-17 years.. ................................... 0.4 

18.24 years.. ................................... 0.4 

25-34 years.. ................................... 0.6 

3544 years.. ................................... 0.9 

45-54 years.. ................................... 1.2 

55-64 years.. ................................... 0.7 

65-74 years.. ................................... 0.8 

Diastolic 

lEx.cludcs the 67 six-year-old exam&es for whom no estimation was made for missing blood pressure values. 

NOTE: For skewnessP5 = 0.18 and PI = 0.26; for kurtosis (positive) P5 = +O.37 and PI = +O.60, the probability levels based on simple random sampling theory for samples of 500 examinees will somewhat understate the probability levels from the complex sample design used in this survey. 

134 

855 

1,062 

1,524 

1,896 

1,663 

836 

670 

1,822 

0.13 

0.13 

0.160.10 

0.14-0.10 

0.16-0.10 

0.15-O. 14 

0.16-0.16 

0.10-0.10 

0.43 

0.18 

0.18 

0.23-0.14 

0.20-0.13 

0.23-0.14 

0.21-0.20 

0.23-0.22 

0.14-0.13 

PS 

0.57 0.98 

0.26 0.41 

0.26 0.41 

0.33-0.21 0.56-0.32 

0.29-0.20 0.46-0.29 

0.33-0.21 0.52-0.32 

0.29-0.28 0.46-0.45 

0.34-0.33 0.54-0.52 

0.21-0.20 0.32-0.30 
Table25 Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white adults 18-74 years. sex and age--mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and 

population e! ates: UnitedStates,1971-1974 

Percentile 

Mean r, s,- 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

Popu. 

lation 

#" 

thousands1 

Blood presrure,sex,and age 

t 

Bloodpressure (mm. Hgl 

99.7 

- 

- 

97.E 

99.1 

99.E 

103.4 

109.2 

113.5 

105.5 

105.5 

107.0 114.4 125.3 

100.0 109.5 119.3 127.8 137.5 14o.c 20,147 

101.6 109.6 119.4 129.3 139.2 145.2 23,529 

104.4 112.0 121.8 133.0 146.0 i55.a 20,107 

109.4 119.2 129.5 141.4 159.6 169.9 21.207 

113.5 124.9 139.1 154.0 169.8 185.1 17,030 

119.5 130.0 147.1 161.6 179.8 189.9 11,570 

109.7 

109.5 

119.7 

119.2 

133.4 

129.1 

Systolic 

Both sexes, 18.74 years......................................................................., 139.5 

x 

159.0 169.4 

149.5 169.1 179.6 

139.6 155.6 165.9 

129.4 

Z 

21.3 0.43 

119.3 13.6 0.51 

120.4 14.5 0.49 

124.8 17.0 0.61 

132.8 21.1 1.04 

141.3 23.1 0.78 

149.2 24.6 0.85 

137.1 

131.1 

23.2 0.61 

18.8 0.46 

59,993 

54,109 

25.34 years ........................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ........................................................................................................... 

45-54 years ........................................................................................................... 

55-64 years ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 "call ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 YealE ........................................................................................................... 

Men. 18.74 years ....................................................................................... 

18-24 years ........................................................................................................... 

25.34 Yeats ........................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ........................................................................................................... 

45-54 yeapE ........................................................................................................... 

123.7 12.8 0.75 103.3 107.8 114.3 121.4 129.9 139.6 144.0 9,849 

125.2 13.9 0.67 103x 109.3 115.7 123.4 131.4 139.9 149.5 11,191 

127.0 14.8 0.88 104.5 109.1 117.4 125.2 134.4 145.9 153.5 9,857 

134.7 19.7 1.15 107.E 110.6 119.8 131.2 143.2 159.8 171.2 10,117 

139.6 20.4 1.08 109.3 115.0 124.0 137.7 149.8 165.4 179.1 8,125 

146.0 24.1 1.06 1092 117.9 129.3 141.9 159.5 177.6 189.4 4.970 

136.7 20.8 0.69 108.0 111.6 133.4 163.8 28,231 

127.8 23.3 0.53 99.1 101.9 

121.0 

109.9 121.7 

147.9 

139.4 159.4 

175.0 

170.0 59,482 

5564 years ........................................................................................................... 

65.74 Yeats ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yeals........................................................................................................... 

18-24 years ........................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ........................................................................................................... 

3544 years ........................................................................................................... 

4554 yeaTs ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 ;,,,.....................................................,...............,,................,.............,..,.. 

115.1 12.9 0.61 95.4 99.1 107.2 114.1 121.4 123.7 137.0 10,298 

116.2 13.6 0.51 96.C 99.4 107.4 114.4 123.4 131.5 139.6 12.338 

122.6 18.7 0.68 97.7 101.0 109.5 119.5 129.8 147.1 159.2 10,250 

131.1 22.2 1.30 99.7 109.0 115.6 129.0 139.9 159.4 169.7 11,091 

143.0 25.2 1.00 109.2 111.7 125.5 139.4 169.0 173.7 189.3 8,905 

151.6 24.7 1.07 117.5 121.3 133.9 149.2 164.1 183.2 194.4 6,601 

137.5 25.0 0.78 103.1 109.4 119.4 133.4 149.9 169.6 183.7 31.762 

Diastolic 

Both sexes, 18.74 year~........................................................................ 81.1 12.6 0.30 59.8 65.8 

- - 

- - 

57.4 59.5 

59.6 63.7 

61.6 67.7 

65.8 69.5 

69.1 69.9 

67.1 69.4 

71.6 

- 

- 

67.5 

69.5 

73.4 

77.2 

79.0 

77.1 

79.6 88.0 

Z 

79.6 

83.6 

88.0 

90.0 

93.4 

91.9 

97.2 

- 

- 

85.5 

89.6 

97.1 

99.8 

99.8 

99.8 

101.6 113,591 

- 

89.5 

94.4 

101.9 

107.7 

107.5 

107.6 

73.8 10.4 0.43 

77.5 10.6 0.35 

81.7 11.9 0.40 

84.9 13.1 0.61 

863 12.2 0.45 

85.2 12.7 0.55 

73.6 

77.6 

79.8 

83.5 

85.0 

83.5 

84.9 12.6 0.38 67.1 69.5 77.2 83.4 

83.1 12.0 0.34 64.0 69.2 75.1 81.2 

91.2 

89.4 

99.7 

99.1 

107.1 

103.8 

20,147 

23,529 

20,107 

21,207 

17,030 

11,570 

59,993 

54,109 

18.24 yean ........................................................................................................... 

2534 yean ........................................................................................................... 

3544 years ........................................................................................................... 

4554 yean ........................................................................................................... 

55-64 veal ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 yea~?j ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

1824 years ........................................................................................................... 

2534 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

35-44 yean ........................................................................................................... 

45-54 yean ........................................................................................................... 

55-64 year8 ........................................................................................................... 

65.74 Y~~TB ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yean ........................................................................................................... 

Women. 18.74 years .................................................................................. 

18-24 yeast ........................................................................................................... 

25.34 yeast ........................................................................................................... 

3544 year6 ........................................................................................................... 

4554 YeaTB ........................................................................................................... 

76.4 10.1 0.57 59.1 63.1 69.6 77.3 81.2 87.7 91.1 9,849 

80.8 10.1 0.57 65.4 69.1 73.6 79.6 872 91.4 95.9 11,191 

84.2 11.3 0.57 67.8 69.6 77.2 83.2 89.6 99.4 104.5 9,857 

87.5 12.7 0.68 69.4 73.0 79.4 86.0 93.3 103.0 109.5 10,117 

86.4 12.0 0.66 69.0 69.9 79.1 85.2 93.7 93.9 107.8 8,125 

84.9 13.0 0.61 65.1 69.3 75.8 83.4 91.9 99.8 107.5 4.970 

86.2 12.3 0.44 69.0 69.9 71.1 84.8 91.9 100.0 108.0 28,231 

79.3 12.8 

- - 

0.35 59.4 63.4 69.6 

- - - - 

0.53 55.4 59.1 63.7 

0.31 59.2 59.9 67.7 

0.51 59.6 63.7 69.9 

0.68 63.6 69.0 73.6 

0.53 69.2 69.9 77.6 

0.64 67.5 69.6 77.3 

79.1 

71.3 10.0 

74.6 10.1 

79.3 12.0 

82.6 13.1 

86.2 12.4 

85.4 12.5 

69.8 

73.8 

79.2 

79.8 

84.0 

83.6 

85.7 95.2 

- - 

79.0 83.2 

79.8 87.1 

85.6 93.4 

89.3 99.2 

93.3 99.8 

91.8 99.8 

99.8 

- 

87.3 

89.8 

99.7 

104.6 

107.4 

107.7 

59,482 

10,298 

12,338 

10,250 

11.091 

8.SO5 

6,601 

83.8 12.7 

- - 

0.42 

- 

85.1 69.3 75.3 81.7 89.8 99.4 104.9 31.762 

65.74 ;e,n ........................................................................................................... 

40.74 yean ........................................................................................................... 

IThese population figures ye not precise census estimatesin this degree ofnge detailbutareincluded togive nrough idea of the numherrn the populntinn at risk. 

NOTE: s,=standard deviation,q= standard errcrofthe mean. 

53 
Table 26. Systolic and dnrtolic blood pressure of Negro adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean. selected percentiles, and 

populal~on estwnates: United States. 1971-1974 

I 

Blood presrure,rex,and age 

Papulath 

in 

thauand& 

Both sexes. 18-74 year~......................................................................., 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

99.6 

- 

- 

93.6 

99.4 

103.6 

109.5 

109.1 

117.4 

107.7 

- 

- 

99.1 

107.4 

109.4 

113.7 

115.6 

125.1 

114.8 

117.2 

Z 

107.8 

11.3.1 

119.3 

119.8 

129.4 

139.4 

124.0 

119.6 

129.2 

- 

117.5 

124.4 

129.4 

137.7 

145.8 

155.1 

129.8 

169.7 185.4 

135.6 141.2 

144.5 153.7 

159.2 169.8 I- 189.7 199.8 

181.6 189.0 

194.1 209.7 

185.6 199.3 

169.1 179.8 

12,998 

2,905 

2,917 

:2,,175 

:2.218 

1,644 

1,140 

117.5 

125.2 

132.8 

146.4 

149.7 

159.3 

:!6.6 

z=zz 

15.2 

15.9 

>!0.7 

32.3 

26.1 

28.6 

212.8 

-- 

14.5 

13.1 

18.8 

28.2 

23.0 

28.3 

26.2 

1.03 

- 

- 

1.26 

0.88 

1.19 

4.24 

2.97 

2.69 

127.6 

133.9 

141.5 

163.8 

167.9 

177.5 

18.24 v~~rs..................................,.,.,.,.....,.................,....................,...... 

25.34 vearr ........................................................................................................... 

35.44 yea,s .............................................................................................. ........... 

45.54 years ........................................................................................................... 

5564 years ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 vear~ ........................................................................................................... 

40-74 years ........................................................................................................... 

Men, 18-74 years ....................................................................................... 

18.24 Y~=TS ........................................................................................................... 

25.34 yearn ......................................................................................................... 

35.44 years ........................................................................................................... 

122.9 

129.3 

136.7 

141.7 

144.2 

156.6 

2.20 

1.61 

2.29 

4.23 

3.57 

3.57 

2.24 

99.2 

109.3 

109.7 

109.8 

107.7 

117.2 

109.8 

104.7 

109.9 

119.2 

114.1 

109.6 

119.6 

103.2 

109.8 

119.5 

123.6 

119.7 

129.2 

139.2 

123.1 

111.6 

123.9 

129.4 

131.6 

129.9 

139.8 

150.0 

139.6 

125.4 

131.6 

137.7 

141.4 

159.0 

165.0 

174.4 

1.287 

1,377 

820 

'1,087 

672 

486 

2,711 

7,268 

45-54 years ........................................................................................................... 

55-64 yearr .......................................................................................................... 

65-74 years ........................................................................................................... 

Women. 18-74 years ................................................................................ 

18.24 years .......................................................................................................... 

25-34 years .......................................................................................................... 

35.44 years .......................................................................................................... 

4554 yearr .......................................................................................................... 

5564 years ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

113.2 

121.5 

130.5 

150.8 

153.4 

161.3 

84.9 

14.3 

17.2 

21.4 

35.1 

27.4 

28.7 

30.8 

1.11 

0.96 

1.52 

5.69 

4.44 

2.88 

2.66 

61.4 

95.6 

99.6 

109.1 

113.2 

123.1 

129.2 

101.6 

109.5 

115.1 

120.0 

129.7 

139.6 

125.1 

74.2 

111.0 

119.4 

124.8 

145.6 

153.0 

159.5 

145.6 

81.7 

119.7 

129.6 

141.7 

169.4 

169.6 

178.0 

169.2 

93.6 

1,618 

1,540 

1,364 

1,131 

971 

654 

3,429 

12,998 

B 

2,905 

2,917 

2;175 

2,218 

1.644 

1,140 

6,140 

5,730 

-- 

1,287 

1,377 

820 

1,087 

672 

486 

2.711 

7,268 

1,618 

1,540 

1,354 

1,131 

971 

654 

40.74 yearr........................................,,.,,,,,..,.....,,.,,,,.,,..........,,,.,,.......,.....,..,,,....,. 

Dlartollc 

Both sexes. 18-74 year~..................................................,.,...........,..,,, 

18-24 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ........................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ........................................................................................................... 

45.54 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

5564 years ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

74.2 

81.0 

88.5 

92.7 

91.7 

90.6 

11.0 

12.9 

13.3 

16.2 

14.0 

15.1 

0.78 

0.86 

0.97 

1.82 

1.77 

0.96 

57.6 

59.8 

69.2 

69.6 

71.2 

69.1 

59.7 

67.1 

69.7 

75.1 

73.6 

69.8 

67.9 

71.2 

79.3 

79.6 

79.6 

79.6 

73.8 

79.6 

87.6 

89.4 

89.7 

89.3 

79.8 

89.0 

95.9 

103.5 

100.0 

99.4 

40.74 years......................................,,,,.,,,,,..........,..,.,,.,..............,,.........,,,.,...... 91.6 15.0 0.98 69.4 73.7 79.6 89.5 99.8 

18.24 years ........................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ........................................................................................................... 

35.44 years .......................................................................................................... 

45-64 yearr ........................................................................................................... 

55-64 year5 ........................................................................................................... 

65-74 years ........................................................................................................... 

87.5 89.9 

99.3 104.3 

104.6 110.0 

110.0 119.5 

109.5 114.1 

109.6 119.1 

109.6 117.6 

Men, 18-74 years .,..,..._.........,,.,,.,......,.....,................................................, 104.9 109.8 

1.03 89.1 93.4 

1.60 99.8 105.4 

1.43 107.1 109.8 

2.45 110.0 119.8 

2.23 109.8 117.4 

1.20 109.2 115.4 

1.26 109.7 118.7 

Women, 18.74 years ,,,.,,.,...........,,,,,,,,.............,,,,,,.................,....... 0.77 104.7 109.7 

72.7 11.6 1.02 51.9 59.3 64.6 71.5 79.4 87.2 89.4 

78.0 13.1 0.95 59.3 64.2 69.5 77.9 84.4 93.0 101.4 

86.9 13.7 1.29 694 69.5 77.6 84.6 95.5 104.2 111.1 

93.5 15.8 2.20 69.4 71.7 79.6 91.4 104.6 110.0 119.4 

90.6 13.9 2.23 71.6 73.4 79.1 89.6 99.8 109.2 109.8 

90.4 15.9 1.31 67.3 69.5 79.4 87.9 99.5 109.7 119.2 

91.1 15.1 1.17 69.2 71.2 79.3 89.6 99.9 109.6 115.5 

- - 

lfhrse populntion figures ;nrr not ~rrusr censos~ctim~tes in the dr~rsc ofrpc det.dl but are included IO giyc a rough idea of the numherin the population at risk. 

86.5 

- 

76.2 

84.3 

91.2 

91.9 

93.4 

90.9 

14.4 

-- 

9.9 

11.7 

12.1 

16.5 

14.1 

14.0 

0.76 671 

- 

59.4 

67.3 

69.8 

74.2 

69.7 

69.4 

69.4 

- 

61.3 

69.1 

77.0 

75.6 

79.1 

74.9 

77.6 

- 

69.5 

77.4 

81.8 

79.7 

80.0 

79.8 

83.9 

- 

75.7 

81.3 

89.9 

87.7 

89.8 

89.5 

94.8 

- 

81.3 

89.6 

97.4 

99.8 

103.4 

99.2 

40.74 years........................................................................................................... 92.2 14.7 69.9 77.1 89.4 

83.7 15.8 59.7 65.4 

79.9 

71.4 79.8 

99.7 

93.1 

18.24 years .......................................................................................................... 

25.34 year5 ........................................................................................................ 

35.44 year6 ........................................................................................................... 

45.54 yearr .......................................................................................................... 

55-64 yearr .......................................................................................................... 

65-74 years .......................................................................................................... 

54 
Table 27. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Spanish-Mexican Americans and American Indians 7-74 years, by sex and age-mean, 

standard error of the mean, and standard deviation: United States, 1971-1974 

Blood pressure, sex, and age 

- 

i 

Spanish-Mexican 

Americans 

American 

Indians 

Mean sx Mean sz sx 

Systolic Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Both sexes, 7-74 years.. .............................................................................. 117.6 1 .oo 19.4 

E 

121.4 2.06 19.2 

7-l 1 years .................................................................................................................. 100.4 1.86 12.1 98.4 4.18 13.5 

12-17 years ................................................................................................................ 112.0 2.06 14.1 117.4 2.61 11.1 

18-24 years ................................................................................................................ 114.8 1.62 13.0 118.0 2.42 11.4 

25-34 years ................................................................................................................ 119.4 1.48 14.0 122.7 3.20 13.5 

35-44 years ................................................................................................................ 123.3 1.53 17.4 122.2 3.59 22.0 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................ 134.5 3.02 17.2 134.5 5.66 17.9 

55-64 years ................................................................................................................ 142.4 8.67 24.5 142.1 4.87 16.7 

65-74 years ................................................................................................................ 147.9 2.69 20.4 143.1 3.10 14.9 

Males, 7-74 years.. ........................................................................................... 119.3 1.45 18.1 122.6 1.84 16.6 

7-I 1 years .................................................................................................................. 100.2 2.19 10.4 101.9 3.78 11.5 

12-17 years ................................................................................................................ 114.1 1.82 13.9 116.7 2.42 9.4 

18-24 years ................................................................................................................ 119.1 2.65 10.4 121.2 4.91 10.8 

25-34 years ................................................................................................................ 121.6 2.28 13.2 128.0 4.97 13.9 

35-44 years ................................................................................................................ 124.7 3.10 12.8 127.7 6.32 15.6 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................ 140.1 5.52 15.0 130.9 8.27 17.3 

5564 years ................................................................................................................ 139.9 7.22 19.9 139.4 8.55 14.8 

65-74 years ................................................................................................................ 146.0 4.64 19.4 139.9 6.17 14.9 

Females, 7-74 years.. ....................................................................................... 116.1 1.29 20.3 120.3 3.47 21.4 

7-I 1 years .................................................................................................................. 100.6 2.54 13.7 95.5 6.71 14.4 

12-l 7 years ................................................................................................................ 110.5 2.59 14.0 118.8 5.31 13.6 

18-24 years ................................................................................................................ 109.6 1.36 14.0 114.9 2.88 11.1 

25-34 years ................................................................................................................ 117.2 1.96 14.5 119.0 3.02 11.9 

35-44 years ................................................................................................................ 122.4 2.82 19.8 117.4 4.45 25.3 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................ 130.0 2.71 17.5 138.9 9.67 17.7 

55-64 years ................................................................................................................ 144.8 15.47 28.0 144.3 6.81 17.8 

65-74 years ................................................................................................................ 150.1 3.04 21.2 145.0 4.86 14.6 

See footnotes at end of table. 

55 
Table 27. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Spanish-Mexican Americans and American Indians 7-74 years, by sex and age-mean, 

standard error of the mean, and standard deviation: United States, 1971-1974-Con. 

Blood pressure, sex, and age 

Diastolic Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Both sexes, 7-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.2 0.83 

7-11 years .................................................................................................................. 63.0 1.77 

12-l 7 years.. ............................................................................................................... 67.5 1.07 

18-24 years ................................................................................................................ 70.6 1.31 

25-34 years ....................................................................................... ......................... 76.4 1.12 

3544 years ....................................................................................... ......................... 79.7 0.78 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................. 85.0 1.67 

55-64 years ................................................................................................................ 86.3 1.74 

65-74 years ................................................................................................................ 82.0 1.78 

Males, 7-74 years.. ............................................................................................ 74.6 1.17 11.5 77.6 

7-l 1 years .................................................................................................................. 

12-17 years ................................................................................................................. 

18-24 ....................................................................................... ......................... z years 

25-34 years ................................................................................................................ 

35-44 years ................................................................................................................ 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................ 

55-64 years ................................................................................................................ 

65-74 years ........... . ........................................................................... ......................... 

63.5 1.52 8.7 63.2 

69.3 1.10 8.3 72.7 

73.4 2.10 7.8 77.7 

78.4 2.51 8.7 76.5 

81.8 1.73 9.7 84.9 

86.5 2.68 9.3 89.8 

86.8 2.39 7.3 85.4 

82.4 2.75 10.6 84.9 

1.67 12.4 

2.70 8.8 

2.09 8.1 

2.97 6.8 

2.53 8.4 

7.99 15.9 

3.32 7.6 

4.69 8.1 

4.56 11.6 

Females, 7-74 years.. ....................................................................................... 71.8 1.18 12.5 74.1 1.83 13.0 

7-1 1 years ................................................................................................................... 62.3 2.45 9.8 58.6 2.55 7.7 

12-l 7 years ................................................................................................................ 66.3 1.66 8.8 69.5 3.53 9.4 

18-24 years ................................................................................................................ 67.1 1.22 9.0 73.8 2.26 8.4 

25-34 years ................................................................................................................ 74.4 1.15 10.1 75.0 1.90 9.8 

3544 years ................................................................................................................ 78.3 1.38 11.8 77.6 3.15 14.5 

45-54 years ................................................................................................................ 83.7 2.21 10.5 80.1 3.54 6.9 

55-64 years ................................................................................................................ 85.8 3.04 9.9 88.6 7.13 14.6 

65-74 years ................................................................................................................ 81.6 2.16 10.8 81.5 4.07 11.1 

12.1 

E 

9.3 

8.8 

2 

11.2 

10.1 

8.7 

10.7 

75.8 1.37 12.8 

Z. 

60.7 1.89 8.6 

71.6 1.79 8.7 

75.7 1.81 7.9 

75.6 1.45 9.3 

81.0 3.69 15.6 

85.4 2.59 8.7 

87.1 4.87 12.2 

82.8 2.71 11.4 

NOTES: This table includes only those examinees who identified themselves as Spanish Americans, Mexican Americans, or 

American Indians and were not living on a reservation or in an institution at the time of the survey. 

q = standard error of the mean, s, = standard deviation. 

56 
Table26,Syrtol~cand dialto)icbloodprerrureofperronr?-74yean.by region,rex,andage-mean,rrandard errorofthemean,rrandarddeviaoan,andage-ad~urtedvaluer: Umted Stares, 1971-1974 

NOrtheaSt Modwest I SOUlh I west 

Bloodprerrure,rex,and age 

Mean SF sx Mean sr' s, man si s, Mean IF *x 

Svrrolic Blood pressure Lmm.Hg) 

6Ofh lexel, 7.74 yea,~ ....................................................................................................... 23.4 0.91 22.6 24.2 0.65 21.2 27.7 0.86 

= = = = = 

7.1, yearr ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yelTI ....................................................................................................................................... 

26.34 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years......................" ............................................................................................................... 

46.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55-64 yeaTI ....................................................................................................................................... 

66.74 yearl..........................................................................- ........................................................... 

M&r. 7.74 VeaTB .................................................................................................................... 

7.1, yeaTI ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.1 7 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

IS.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

26.34 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

36.44 yelrl ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 yeln ....................................................................................................................................... 

6564 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

6574 yearr........- ............................................................................................................................. 

i%ma,er. 7.74 yeln ................................................................................................................ 

7.11 years.. ....................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yesr) ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

46.54 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.64 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

6574 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

Ageadiusredualuer: 

Both sexa ................................................................................................................................... 

Males ........................................................................................................................................... 

Females.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

Dkwtolic 

co.5 1.18 11.8 03.7 0.74 10.5 06.6 1.52 12.0 

10.9 0.85 12.7 14.2 0.90 13.3 15.1 1.62 14.4 

18.1 1.10 13.6 20.2 1.11 12.6 20.2 0.97 14.1 

19.4 1.06 14.3 22.0 0.90 14.6 23.6 0.92 14.8 

24.2 0.97 17.3 26.2 1.26 16.0 28.3 1.46 19.0 

34.1 2.54 22.6 33.0 1.34 20.8 38.9 2.20 26.0 

41.6 1.94 23.6 4!.6 1.34 24.7 44.2 1.36 21.6 

53.3 1.82 26.3 412 1.82 24.3 53.3 1.83 26.6 

24.0 

- 

00.0 

12.0 

23 2 

24.1 

26.1 

36.3 

38.1 

48.0 

0.81 

- 

0.82 

1.25 

1.68 

1.46 

1.67 

2.75 

2.52 

2.31 

21.2 

- 

25.9 

- 

0.75 

- 

11.3 94.2 0.74 

12.6 16.1 1.04 

11.6 23.6 1.21 

14.1 26.5 1.19 

13.6 29.1 1.99 

22.4 36.0 1.32 

22.5 41.0 1.68 

25.4 45.7 2.37 

19.6 

- 

10.7 

13.2 

12.3 

13.2 

17.1 

20.0 

19.0 

24.1 

27.6 1.12 20.9 24.4 1.14 19.9 

05.8 1.76 11.8 03.4 1.73 13.3 

15.7 1.50 14.7 15.6 1.60 14.2 

24.8 1.15 13.6 22.6 1.67 13.9 

26.8 1.04 13.4 22.7 1.31 14.1 

29.7 1.73 17.1 26.6 1.18 13.6 

36.8 3.06 21.3 33.7 2.81 19.3 

40.3 2.17 18.9 39.2 2.64 22.7 

49.9 1.89 26.3 44.0 2.07 22.5 

22.8 

- 

1.16 24.2 22.5 0.79 22.6 27.7 0.89 25.2 20.7 0.99 22.0 

01.0 1.75 12.3 03.2 1.25 10.2 07.4 1.67 12.3 02.2 2.30 13.6 

OS.7 0.91 12.5 12.1 1.03 13.2 14.5 1.69 13.9 11.7 1.01 13.6 

13.0 1.34 13.6 16.6 1.21 11.8 16.3 1.41 13.2 13.3 0.89 13.2 

14.9 0.99 13.0 17.7 1.06 14.5 19.0 0.79 14.4 15.2 0.58 14.0 

22.4 1.12 20.0 23.6 1.16 18.4 27.2 1.67 20.3 21.4 1.35 17.6 

32.3 3.12 22.7 30.6 2.16 21.5 40.7 2.24 29.2 28.2 1.87 21.6 

44.3 1.73 24.1 42.1 2.26 23.6 47.8 1.63 23.0 41.6 1.99 25.0 

62.2 2.44 26.9 61.7 1.70 24.2 55.8 1.96 26.6 49.8 1.51 22.4 

23.1 . . 

24.1 . 

22.0 . . 

24.7 

26.0 . 

23.2 

27.0 

27.2 . . 

27.0 

60th rexer, 7-74 VeQrP ................................................................ ..- .................................. 77.3 0.72 13.8 76.2 0.37 

= = 

. 

13.4 768 0.57 

= = 

7.11 ye8~ ......................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-l4 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.64 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

5564ysarr ....................................................................................................................................... 

66.74 yeart ....................................................................................................................................... 

Males, 7.74 yean.............................................................................................................~ ..... 

63.1 1.19 6.8 65.2 0.44 9.2 66.3 1.34 10.4 64.3 1.65 10.7 

69.4 0.88 9.9 71.0 0.52 9.6 68.9 0.72 10.1 69.6 0.97 10.0 

74.2 1.06 Il.0 74.3 0.72 9.6 74.0 0.57 10.3 73.0 0.89 10.7 

77.4 0.59 10.5 76.2 0.58 10.3 79.0 0.62 11.0 76.7 0.77 11.6 

81.6 0.78 12.7 62.6 0.74 11.7 83.4 0.99 13.1 82.2 0.66 11.6 

64.8 1.54 13.8 86.6 0.59 13.5 86.9 1.40 14.3 84.6 1.15 12.7 

85.4 1.24 12.0 87.0 0.53 13.5 87.9 0.83 12.0 86.7 0.97 12.4 

85.8 0.66 13.2 86.3 1.21 13.0 86.2 0.80 13.5 84.5 129 12.2 

0.62 13.7 

- - 

79.7 

- 

7.11 years.. ................................................................ I.. ............ I.. ................................................... 

12.17 yearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yearr................................................................................................................................" ..... 

26.34 yelps ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 yeln ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.64 ysarr ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 ye~rT ....................................................................................................................................... 

78.3 

- 

63.2 

70.0 

77.5 

83.7 

87.2 

64.9 

85.3 

0.94 8.3 65.9 

0.90 10.2 71.4 

1.25 10.0 76.5 

0.85 10.7 81.6 

1.19 11.4 85.7 

1.60 13.8 88.7 

1.98 12.7 87.3 

1.06 13.2 85.2 

0.34 

- 

0.69 

0.69 

0.66 

0.79 

1.10 

0.65 

0.65 

0.95 

13.2 79.7 

- - 

9.1 65.6 

9.2 69.8 

9.0 76.1 

9.3 82.1 

11.4 85.0 

13.0 89.4 

12.1 67.9 

13.2 66.3 

Females, 7.74 ve*R ................................................................................................................ 

7.1, yesn ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 yesn ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yean...............................................................................................~..........~ ........................... 

2534 yeart ...................................................................................................................................... 

3644 yeB*................................................~..........................................................~ ........................... 

45.64 yearS..............................................................................................................." ...................... 

56.64 ye~n ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 yeln...............................~ ....................................................................................................... 

Ageadjusted values: 

60th Sam.. ................................................................................................................................. 

Males.. ......................................................................................................................................... 

Femalel ....................................................................................................................................... 

NOTE:s~: stsndsrd errorofthe mcan,sx =standard deviation. 

76.3 

- 

62.9 

66.7 

70.8 

74.6 

79.5 

82.7 

86.7 

86.3 

13.8 76.6 0.51 

- - 

64.4 0.56 

70.5 0.51 

71.9 0.91 

75.0 0.67 

73.8 0.66 

84.3 1.16 

86.6 1.09 

87.1 1.56 

13.6 77.9 0.62 14.0 75.3 0.97 13.5 

- 

1.62 

1.28 

1.49 

0.60 

0.92 

1.72 

1.23 

0.86 

9.2 

9.5 

10.9 

9.5 

13.4 

13.6 

11.4 

13.1 

9.2 67.0 1.19 10.3 

9.9 67.9 1.39 9.7 

9.7 72.3 0.84 10.0 

10.2 76.2 0.57 11.0 

11.2 82.0 1.32 13.5 

13.6 64.8 0.98 14.3 

14.8 87.9 1.01 12.4 

12.8 86.1 0.83 13.5 

772 

78.4 . 

75.9 . . 

. . 76.4 . . . . 78.5 . . . . . 77.2 

. . . 79.7 . . . . 79.6 . . . . 78.8 

. . . 77.0 . . . 77.6 . . . 76.7 . 

23.3 22.5 0.94 21.1 

02.8 

13.6 

1.75 13.5 

1.21 14.0 

0.76 14.3 

0.70 14.5 

1.09 15.9 

1.98 20.7 

1.58 24.0 

1 .oo 22.6 

18.7 

24.0 

30.8 

40.4 

47.2 

. 

. 

. 

14.1 

0.69 14.1 

- - 

1.66 10.3 

0.49 10.4 

0.84 10.3 

0.85 10.1 

1.34 12.4 

1.94 13.9 

0.95 Il.7 

0.91 13.6 

22.7 . . . 

24.4 ..‘ . 

21.3 . . . 

77.0 0.80 13.6 

78.8 

- 

65.6 

70.7 

75.4 

so.1 

64.8 

86.5 

87.2 

85.0 

0.79 13.4 

1.19 10.4 

0.80 10.4 

1.32 10.8 

1.39 11.0 

0.88 10.9 

1.42 11.7 

1.74 12.7 

1.66 12.8 

10.8 

9.5 

10.2 

11.3 

11.7 

13.2 

12.1 

11.7 

. . 

. . 

. 

68.6 1.36 

71.0 0.87 

73.8 0.59 

79.6 0.70 

82.6 1.34 

66.3 0.85 

64.2 1.11 

57 
Table 29. Syrtolic and diastolic blood ~,es",e of while P~,Po"~ 7-74 years. by region, sex. and i 

1971 

-mean. standard error of the mean. standard deviation,and age-adjusted valuer: United Srater, 

7d 

S”HOllC Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

123.6 0.92 22.5 124.3 0.72 21.0 127.3 

= 

100.9 

111.4 

118.6 

119.2 

133.5 

141.6 

149.8 

1.03 11.5 IM.0 0.75 IO.5 106.6 

0.71 12.7 114.4 0.98 13.5 I1 5.2 

1.06 13.3 120.6 1.26 12.4 120.E 

1.07 13.7 121.6 1.03 14.7 122.8 

1.03 16.8 126.0 1.32 17.6 126.5 

2.69 21.8 132.6 1.54 20.7 136.C 

1.79 23.8 141.8 1.48 24.2 142.5 

2.07 25.6 148.4 1.99 23.9 151.9 

124.3 0.75 

- 

20.9 

- 

126.1 

100.6 0.74 10.9 104.4 

112.7 1.23 12.6 116.4 

123.3 1.62 11.4 123.9 

123.7 1.26 13.6 126.2 

125.6 I.67 13.2 128.4 

135.7 2.87 21.6 136.1 

139.1 2.14 22.5 141.3 

147.8 2.48 25.4 144.8 

0.85 19.4 

- - 

0.84 10.8 

1.14 13.3 

1.39 12.1 

1.40 13.2 

2.14 16.1 

1.47 20.0 

1.65 18.7 

2.61 23.7 

127.6 

- 

106.1 

116.2 

125.0 

128.7 

128.0 

135.7 

139.8 

148.0 

122.9 1.24 23.9 122.4 0.79 22.4 127.1 

6Odl sexes, 7-74 war* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,,,.,.., .,,,,.......................... 22.1 122.3 0.93 20.7 

1.70 12.2 102.6 1.82 13.7 

1.73 14.8 113.6 1.16 13.8 

1.04 14.0 117.8 0.73 14.3 

1.10 14.6 118.4 0.64 14.3 

1.64 18.1 123.4 1.04 15.7 

1.95 22.0 130.0 1.70 19.5 

1.63 20.6 139.2 1.32 23.4 

1.54 26.0 146.6 0.96 22.3 

1.32 

- 

1.99 

1.80 

1.64 

1.15 

2.16 

2.92 

2.41 

1.31 

20.2 

- 

124.3 1.07 

- -- 

103.7 1.77 

115.3 1.54 

122.8 1.63 

122.6 1.31 

126.5 1.19 

132.6 2.15 

137.7 2.4,4 

143.4 2.16 

19.3 

12.0 

16.1 

13.9 

13.9 

16.8 

18.3 

18.7 

25.2 

13.5 

14.2 

13.7 

14.2 

13.6 

18.0 

21.9 

21.9 

1.03 23.6 120.6 1.08 21.7 

-- - 

2.48 13.9 

1.07 13.2 

0.90 13.3 

0.68 13.4 

1.30 17.0 

1.98 20.6 

1.96 24.6 

1.71 22.3 

2.09 12.4 101.5 

1.86 14.2 112.1 

1.48 12.8 '13.5 

1.02 13.2 14.6 

1.78 19.0 20.2 

1.86 24.4 127.5 

1.65 21.8 140.6 

1.93 26.1 149.2 

. . 22.3 .,, 

'24.0 .I. 

,20.9 . . 

13.5 76.8 

= =; 

10.6 

10.1 

10.3 

10.8 

12.7 

13.4 

11.3 

13.7 

64.2 

69.3 

72.9 

76.6 

81.6 

83.9 

86.1 

84.2 

0.83 

- 

-- 

1.78 

0.90 

o.es 

0.65 

0.61 

1.02 

0.81 

1.37 

13.2 

= 

10.9 

9.7 

11.0 

11.2 

12.2 

12.1 

78.6 0.82 13.2 

18.24 years.. ................................................................................................................................... 

2534 "earl ................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 yearr ..................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 "earl ..................................................................................................................................... 

66-74 vear( ...................................................................................................................................... 

7-11 year* ......................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 "ears.............................................,...........,........................................................,.................... 

25.34 "ears ....................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 "ears ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55-64 yearl ...................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

7-11 years.. ....................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 "earl ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 vear~ ....................................................................................................................................... 

101.2 1.63 12.2 103.6 1.19 10.1 107.6 

109.9 0.94 12.7 112.3 1.11 13.4 114.1 

113.6 1.23 13.2 116.8 I.34 11.6 116.8 

114.7 1.08 12.4 117.5 1.12 14.7 117.7 

121.6 1.28 19.7 123.8 1.24 16.6 125.3 

131.6 3.28 21.8 129.5 2.18 21.2 136.3 

143.8 1.87 24.5 142.4 2.51 29.5 145.1 

151.4 2.82 26.0 150.9 1.92 23.7 164.7 

123.1 

124.2 

121.8 . . 

124.6 

. 126.0 . . . 

. 123.1 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

13.3 

126.1 

126.8 

125.6 

77.2 0.70 13.6 78.2 0.35 

= = = = = 

78.4 

= 

63.1 117 8.7 65.4 0.43 9.1 66.7 

69.3 0.90 10.0 71.1 0.45 9.6 68.6 

74.4 0.98 IO.8 74.4 0.79 9.6 73.8 

77.2 0.62 10.1 78.0 0.66 10.2 78.4 

81.2 0.74 12.6 82.2 0.84 11.3 82.1 

84.2 1.63 13.1 86.4 0.54 13.6 65.2 

85.1 1.23 11.9 87.1 0.47 13.4 86.6 

65.6 0.77 12.8 65.9 1.37 12.7 85.3 

78.4 0.63 13.5 79.8 0.36 13.0 79.5 

. . 

0.68 

Age.adiurted values: 

80th sexes.. ................................................................................................................................. 

Males.. ......................................................................................................................................... 

Females.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

60th sexes. 7.74 years ...................................................................................................... 

1.44 

0.83 

0.56 

0.86 

1 .os 

1.52 

0.93 

0.85 

0.82 

25-34 years.. .................................................................................................................... ........ ...... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

56-64 wars.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 veB,I..........................................,.,......,.,..................,.,.......,.....................,...............,................ 63.5 

70.0 

77.7 

80.1 

83.4 

86.8 

64.4 

0.92 8.2 66.1 0.66 8.9 66.1 

1.01 10.5 71.5 0.63 9.1 69.5 

1.36 10.2 76.7 0.70 8.9 75.7 

0.76 10.4 81.4 0.94 8.9 81.7 

1.15 11.3 85.0 1.14 10.8 83.6 

1.64 12.8 86.9 0.68 13.3 88.5 

1.96 12.9 87.4 0.73 11.9 87.1 

1.12 13.3 64.5 I.19 12.8 65.3 

76.1 0.95 13.4 76.5 0.49 13.4 77.6 

1.76 10.5 65.6 1.32 10.7 

0.60 10.2 70.1 0.89 10.0 

0.97 10.5 75.6 1.4.2 10.8 

1.11 10.3 79.9 1.67 10.5 

1.64 12.5 84.5 O.&O 10.7 

2.05 12.9 86.0 1.21 11.3 

1.16 11.0 66.2 1.45 12.1 

0.90 13.1 84.8 1.71 12.7 

0.72 13.4 75.1 1.01 

-- 

2.36 

1 A4 

0.78 

0.46 

0.78 

1.32 

087 

1.25 

13.1 

1.62 10.5 62.8 

1.59 9.9 68.5 

1.09 9.8 70.6 

0.78 10.5 73.8 

1.63 12.7 78.5 

1.16 13.3 62.0 

0.88 11.6 86.0 

1 .oo 13.1 83.7 

. 76.8 

. 78.5 . . 

. . 75.3 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

16.24 year* ....................................................................................................................................... 

26-34 vea,l ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 yea,0 ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-64 vearf ....................................................................................................................................... 

66-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 

Females. 7-74 yea,l ............................................................................................................... 

62.8 I.68 9.2 64.7 0.63 9.1 67.4 

66.5 1.23 9.2 70.6 0.51 10.0 67.7 

71.0 1.24 10.3 71.6 1.01 9.6 72.1 

74.4 0.63 9.0 74.9 0.69 10.3 76.E 

78.6 1.06 13.4 79.6 0.79 11.1 SC.6 

82.1 1.78 12.9 83.6 0.98 13.3 82.7 

85.6 1.30 11.2 86.7 0.88 14.9 86.5 

86.0 1.03 12.4 86.8 1.68 12.6 85.3 

77.0 . . . 78.3 

78.3 . . . 79.7 

75.7 . 76.8 

. . . . . 77.E 

. . . . . . 79.1 

. . . . . 76.; 

. 

. . 

. . 

10.6 

9.4 

10.1 

10.5 

10.9 

12.7 

12.0 

11.5 

. 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

36.44 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

46.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yea,s ....................................................................................................................................... 

Ageadjusted values: 

60th sexes ................................................................................................................................... 

Males ........................................................................................................................................... 

Females ....................................................................................................................................... 

NOTE:y=standa,de,,o,ofthe moan.s, =standarddcviation. 
Table 30. Systolic and diastolic blood pre**ure of Negro persons 7.74 years, by region, sex, and age-mean, standard error of rhe mean, standard deviatian,andage-adiustedvalues: Unired States, 

1971.1974 

Blood pressure Imm. Hg) 

1.54 

= 

26.5 

= 

13.7 

124.1 1.18 

- = 

23.3 129.0 1.17 

= 

27.2 125.0 3.43 26.1 

= 

97.6 2.97 

107.6 2.46 

112.2 3.77 

123.2 3.19 

130.4 3.06 

145.5 5.18 

144.3 3.71 

156.7 4.84 

16.2 

19.2 

19.9 

30.5 

20.3 

32.4 

101.9 2.26 10.3 106.0 I.55 11.5 104.1 3.85 11.4 

112.2 1.01 11.8 114.9 2.23 13.1 111.6 2.99 14.1 

119.6 3.88 15.3 118.9 1.33 14.2 116.1 4.10 16.4 

125.9 1.46 13.5 126.3 1.31 15.C 123.3 1.83 17.0 

129.8 4.18 22.5 136.4 1.9i 21.1 131.2 2.78 16.7 

138.7 4.43 20.9 152.7 8.6C 37.c 143.0 9.16 32.4 

138.5 9.56 30.3 154.1 2.4C 24.4 162.6 8.47 24.4 

159.4 4.80 27.8 160.6 4.74 28.7 155.9 4.18 25.0 

121.2 1.95 25.2 125.3 1.40 21.8 127.5 1.49 23.4 126.4 4.76 26.2 

- - - - 

10.9 100.8 4.09 12.3 

13.2 114.3 3.91 11.4 

13.0 120.6 12.96 17.7 

10.5 124.9 6.61 12.6 

16.7 127.7 1.60 11.9 

30.2 148.9 13.50 29.1 

19.8 161.6 9.67 23.6 

29.5 153.0 6.50 28.0 

60th sexes. 7.74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

96.3 3.31 13.7 102.6 2.00 

107.5 2.76 13.3 114.8 3.32 

119.5 5.59 15.3 123.0 5.40 

131.3 4.96 17.7 130.7 3.21 

137.3 6.46 14.0 140.0 8.71 

145.9 7.22 31.4 135.4 5.07 

136.5 7.70 19.7 128.4 13.92 

160.5 5.65 25.1 157.4 4.26 

10.2 

12.1 

14.7 

12.7 

26.1 

19.3 

27.9 

105.1 1.71 

114.2 2.67 

124.2 1.79 

129.1 1.51 

137.6 2.39 

141.3 7.36 

143.7 2.02 

159.4 6.69 

122.6 

- 

123.1 

- 

130.3 

99.0 

107.7 

106.8 

116.5 

127.8 

145.2 

150.0 

lE4.1 

2.12 27.6 

- - 

3.60 13.4 

2.91 11.3 

4.18 15.4 

1.37 17.7 

3.13 21.2 

8.33 29.8 

2.08 19.1 

6.89 35.3 

101.3 

im.9 

115.8 

119.8 

122.2 

141.7 

140.1 

161.1 

2.13 24.5 

- - 

3.46 10.4 

1.66 11.0 

2.92 15.1 

1.75 12.0 

2.73 15.4 

7.15 21.8 

1.24 30.4 

7.21 28.5 

107.0 

115.4 

114.3 

124.1 

135.4 

164.4 

162.7 

161.6 

1.86 30.2 

- - 

1.57 11.9 

2.09 13.0 

1.19 13.7 

1.50 17.4 

2.95 23.8 

IO.52 39.6 

4.m 24.4 

4.57 28.1 

123.8 2.94 

107.2 2.28 

109.3 3.03 

113.1 3.14 

122.1 3.27 

132.9 4.30 

136.0 1.25 

163.6 9.73 

158.0 4.06 

25.9 

- 

9.4 

15.7 

12.7 

19.6 

18.3 

34.6 

26.2 

22.2 

125.3 . . 126.3 

126.5 127.1 

125.3 24.8 

131.7 

129.5 

134.0 . . 

. 128.6 

128.1 . . 

28.3 . . . . 

78.2 1.28 16.5 78.4 0.85 15.4 80.0 0.71 

= = = - = = = = 

16.7 

= 

62.8 1.93 9.3 63.1 1.64 10.1 65.1 1.32 

70.3 1.50 8.9 70.5 1.67 9.7 69.7 1.31 

71.6 3.34 12.8 73.2 1.91 10.7 75.0 0.78 

80.1 2.18 13.5 81.0 1.72 11.6 81.3 0.79 

86.7 2.30 12.2 87.9 2.14 15.0 89.4 1.00 

93.6 3.68 21.1 88.8 2.56 12.6 94.7 3.33 

90.0 3.26 12.3 85.4 4.35 14.4 93.6 1.92 

90.0 2.89 17.3 92.6 2.31 16.0 SO.6 1.16 

15.9 

= 

9.8 

10.3 

11.1 

13.2 

15.6 

14.0 

14.7 

65.4 1.68 9.7 

70.8 2.49 10.7 

75.5 1.96 10.9 

81.0 3.93 17.1 

89.7 4.16 12.9 

93.0 4.80 16.1 

98.7 4.3: 12.1 

89.4 2.59 13.3 

78.2 1.21 16.6 79.4 0.89 15.1 80.6 1.10 15.7 81.3 2.53 16.6 

12.17 vears ....................................................................................................................................... 

18-24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

56-64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 ye=** ....................................................................................................................................... 

IS-24 vears..................................................................................., ................................................... 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 ye=** ....................................................................................................................................... 

6574 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Females, 7.74 y~~r*.........................................,,,,.....,,........,,......,,,.....,,.....,.,,.......,.......,,......,, 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Ageadiusted values: 

6Ofh sexes.. ................................................................................................................................. 

Males.. ........................................................................................................................................ 

Female* ....................................................................................................................................... 

Both sexes, 7-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 vears..............,..................................................,,.......,.................................,.......................... 

65.74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Males. 7.74 yean .................................................................................................................... 

7.11 yeBr* ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

16-24 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

61.2 2.49 9.0 64.6 2.70 10.5 64.2 2.06 9.7 64.8 2.13 8.2 

69.7 1.50 7.6 71.6 2.25 10.0 71.1 1.63 10.8 73.1 3.89 11.0 

76.4 2.85 7.7 74.0 2.69 9.4 77.3 1.16 9.8 74.8 4.36 11.7 

83.3 4.40 13.6 84.1 2.90 12.1 84.0 0.90 8.7 86.8 8.28 14.6 

91.2 6.21 10.3 94.8 5.05 15.5 90.6 1.17 10.2 87.6 4.15 11.9 

94.8 5.15 24.6 87.1 2.26 9.2 93.1 4.56 17.1 94.0 6.28 13.8 

92.2 5.04 10.6 80.4 7.31 15.7 92.7 1.36 14.3 102.3 8.ffi 12.7 

89.0 1.98 10.2 93.6 3.43 15.9 91.8 1.79 14.2 87.4 2.86 13.2 

78.2 77.6 79.6 78.9 

- 

1.23 

64.4 

71.3 

69.3 

77.3 

85.1 

92.7 

87.8 

SO.6 

1.68 16.5 

- - 

2.11 9.2 

2.68 10.5 

4.46 14.1 

1.17 12.8 

2.37 12.4 

5.30 18.1 

2.96 13.5 

4.83 20.6 

61.7 

69.6 

72.4 

77.1 

82.6 

90.4 

86.2 

91.6 

1.36 15.5 

- - 

2.15 9.6 

1.72 9.2 

1.46 12.0 

1.28 9.7 

2.17 12.0 

5.84 14.8 

4.82 14.0 

3.21 15.9 

66.0 

68.5 

73.0 

79.1 

88.4 

96.3 

94.3 

89.7 

0.98 16.2 

- - 

0.67 9.8 

1.49 9.0 

0.76 10.3 

1.12 12.4 

1.78 15.0 

2.99 13.8 

3.16 13.6 

1.46 14.9 

66.0 2.01 

68.9 2.43 

75.9 1.24 

76.7 5.08 

SO.7 4.12 

91.8 7.28 

94.8 2.63 

90.9 3.03 

16.6 

- 

10.9 

10.1 

10.2 

17.7 

13.2 

18.4 

10.0 

13.2 

80.0 . . . . . . 79.6 

81.5 . . 80.4 

79.3 . . . 78.5 

. 

‘ 

. . . 

81.8 .,. 

. 822 . . 

81.5 . 

. . 82.3 . 

. 83.1 . 

81.4 . . . 

. . . 

. . 

45.54 Y~~,S.....................,.........,...........................................................~........................................... 

6564 ~eers....................................................................................................................................... 

66.74 yeart.........................................,................................................,............................................ 

Females. 7.74 years.............................................................................,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

7.11 years.............................................................,..........................................................,................ 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

2534 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 yearr............................~........................................................~.................................~ ............... 

45-64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55-64 vears....................................................................................................................................... 

66.74 ;,rs.............................................,...............,.......,...............,................................,.........,...... 

Age-adjusted values: 

80th sexes .,.......,....,..,........,.......,,,.....,........,............................................................................... 

Males ,,......,......................................,.,..............................,.......................................................... 

NOTE: G = standard error of the mean. s, = standard deviation. 

59 
Table 31. Svrtolic and dla*folic blood wess~re of ~)ersons 7.74 years. by annual farmlv ,ncom*.*ex.andase-mean,standarderrorof themean,standarddeviation,and awadjustedvaluer: United 

Blood ~rerrure.*ex. and age 

Svrrollc 

i.1974. 

A"""d fmvlV l"COnw 

Less than $3,000 Less than 55.000 55.00049,999 $10,000 or more 

man * sx man $2 s.7 Mean .?I sx Mean s,q S# 

Blood preswre (mm. Hgl 

131.7 0.92 27.0 130.4 0.74 26.7 124.2 0.63 

= = = = 

7.1 1 Ye=** ....................................................................................................................................... 12.17 “ear* .............................................................. ................................................................ 

18-24 "ear* ................................................................. ..................... ............................................ 25~~ “ears.. ................................................................................................... ................................ 

3544 Yea** ...................................................................................................... ................................ 

45.6-l Years ...................................................................................................................................... 

55-64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

102.5 1.60 12.2 104.0 1.12 11.7 103.7 0.99 12.6 102.9 0.67 

115.5 1.43 13.1 114.0 1.29 14.2 113.9 0.79 13.6 113.1 0.59 

118.1 1.14 14.8 117.5 0.84 14.5 119.5 0.59 13.7 119.7 0.80 

120.2 1.65 14.0 121.5 1.00 15.4 121.3 0.85 13.9 120.5 0.53 

129.5 1.62 19.7 129.0 1.33 19.7 127.2 0.85 18.3 124.1 0.70 

140.9 4.12 26.6 141.1 2.50 29.0 132.6 1.34 21.3 133.5 1.12 

146.2 2.18 26.6 146.4 1.75 26.5 143.4 1.25 22.4 137.9 1.41 

153.8 1.13 25.9 151.8 0.99 25.5 149.7 1.24 24.0 146.7 1.56 

Males. 7.74 years .................................................................................................................... 

7.1 1 years.. ...................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

18-24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 ye=** ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

5564 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

129.7 

101.8 

117.2 

123.6 

122.3 

131.7 

146.4 

140.3 

151.6 

1.49 24.6 

- - 

1.67 11.6 

1.71 12.3 

1.38 13.5 

2.69 12.6 

3.69 17.4 

5.97 25.9 

3.52 23.5 

2.11 28.2 

128.6 

104.6 

116.2 

122.6 

124.9 

126.9 

140.3 

142.8 

148.7 

1.23 24.0 125.4 0.60 

- - - - 

1.21 11.7 104.2 0.94 

1.67 14.6 115.8 0.84 

1.35 13.8 123.5 1.16 

1.80 12.7 124.7 1.10 

2.20 16.2 129.4 1.66 

3.36 24.3 134.4 1.91 

3.63 26.1 139.9 1.46 

1.42 26.0 146.7 1.50 

Females, 7-74 years ................................................................................................................ 133.1 1.02 123.1 

- 

7.1 1 years ......................................................................................................................................... 103.4 2.35 

12.17 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 114.0 2.13 

1824 years ....................................................................................................................................... 113.3 1.56 

2534 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 118.6 1.61 

3644 years ....................................................................................................................................... 128.1 1.81 

45-54 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 138.5 4.49 

55-64 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 149.6 3.46 

65.74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 154.8 1.19 

28.4 131.6 0.82 28.4 

- - - - 

12.9 103.4 1.48 11.6 

f3.6 112.8 1.48 13.7 

14.3 113.4 0.94 13.7 

14.7 119.6 1.09 16.3 

20.9 129.2 1.89 22.2 

26.7 1.41.6 3.46 31.4 

27.8 148.4 2.25 27.1 

24.8 163.7 1.14 25.0 

103.3 

112.2 

115.9 

118.1 

125.4 

131.0 

146.5 

152.6 

126.5 

127.3 

126.9 

126.4 

126.6 

126.3 

124.7 

125.6 

. . . 124.0 

Diartolb2 

16.2 79.6 0.63 

- 

- 

14.9 

= 

77.9 

=;: 

7-1 1 years ......................................................................................................................................... 63.6 1.32 10.1 64.5 0.99 9.6 65.4 

12-17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 70.5 1.24 11.1 69.6 1.04 10.9 70.5 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 73.2 0.84 10.8 73.4 0.58 10.6 74.1 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 78.8 1.54 13.2 78.6 0.93 12.4 78.5 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 84.7 1.16 14.1 84.9 0.89 13.4 83.9 

45.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 87.3 2.09 15.4 87.1 1.35 14.7 84.7 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 87.6 0.91 13.8 88.0 1.05 13.8 87.7 

65-74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 87.7 0.71 13.7 86.8 0.52 13.4 85.4 

Males, 7.74 years .................................................................................................................... 

7.11 years ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 vears ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

56.64 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

66-74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Females, 7.74 years ................................................................................................................ 

7.11 years ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 ye=** ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 vears ...................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Age-adjusted YX~IUBS: 

80th sexes ................................................................................................................................... 

M&S ........................................................................................................................................... 

Females ....................................................................................................................................... 

NOT,:S: ,'r,sonrwith unknown incnme have been excluded. 

80.6 

- 

0.86 

- 

1.83 

1.36 

1.13 

3.30 

2.46 

2.75 

2.17 

1.05 

15.1 

- 

10.0 

10.4 

10.2 

13.5 

12.2 

14.3 

15.0 

13.9 

15.3 

79.6 0.77 

- - 

14.9 

- 

79.1 

64.0 

73.3 

76.4 

79.7 

87.7 

93.2 

88.1 

87.9 

64.4 1.27 10.0 66.2 

70.7 1.06 10.8 70.8 

76.3 0.76 10.5 76.4 

79.8 1.70 11.1 81.7 

85.9 1.67 13.0 86.9 

89.2 1.85 14.2 86.7 

68.7 1.80 14.6 87.1 

86.4 0.63 13.8 85.3 

79.6 0.63 79.7 0.55 

63.5 1.77 10.1 64.6 1.08 

67.9 1.46 11.2 66.6 I.25 

70.6 1.02 10.6 71.0 0.61 

78.2 1.72 13.0 77.9 0.96 

82.7 1.60 14.9 64.1 1.16 

84.3 1.96 15.0 85.9 I.49 

67.1 1.31 13.1 67.6 1.20 

87.6 0.77 13.5 871 0.60 

15.0 76.8 

- - 

9.0 64.6 

10.8 70.3 

10.0 71.9 

12.9 75.5 

13.7 82.3 

14.7 83.1 

13.3 88.3 

13.1 65.4 

78.6 . 

80.6 

77.3 

78.5 . . . 

79.5 . 

77.9 . 

. 78.3 

. . 79.4 

. . 77.2 

- - 

sp= standard error of the mean,*, = standard deviation. 

0.84 

- 

1.46 

1.04 

0.66 

0.82 

0.89 

1.81 

1.74 

1.76 

. 

. . 

0.41 

= 

0.86 

0.50 

0.62 

0.48 

0.67 

0.80 

0.74 

0.59 

0.40 

- 

0.90 

0.62 

0.90 

0.74 

1.08 

1.01 

0.88 

0.83 

0.56 

- 

1.10 

0.85 

0.74 

0.57 

0.76 

1.13 

1.02 

0.73 

. 

.I. 

- 

21.4 122.0 0.40 20.1 

12.1 

13.4 

13.3 

14.9 

16.7 

21.7 

21.9 

27.1 

19.9 124.3 0.46 19.2 

11.8 102.6 0.85 12.1 

14.2 114.2 0.75 13.1 

12.9 124.5 1.06 12.6 

13.2 126.1 0.87 14.2 

16.6 126.9 1.08 14.9 

19.8 136.1 1.25 20.5 

19.4 137.8 I.48 19.1 

24.1 143.1 I.78 22.6 

22.7 119.5 0.64 20.8 

13.1 103.2 1.08 

12.8 111.9 0.84 

13.3 114.7 0.83 

13.8 115.1 0.49 

19.4 121.4 0.76 

22.2 131.6 1.60 

24.4 138.1 2.26 

23.6 150.1 2.65 

. 

. 

13.5 

123.3 

124.8 

121.8 

77.1 

..I 

. . 

. 

0.31 

12.0 

13.8 

12.2 

13.5 

17.9 

22.9 

25.1 

30.3 

. 

. 

13.3 

10.0 64.4 0.58 9.7 

9.6 69.6 0.46 9.7 

10.8 74.1 0.57 10.1 

10.8 77.2 0.43 10.6 

13.0 81.3 0.46 11.4 

13.1 86.1 0.63 13.6 

12.0 85.0 0.69 12.0 

12.8 83.6 0.85 12.4 

13.2 79.1 

- - 

0.35 

- 

13.4 

- 

9.8 64.8 0.62 

9.7 70.6 0.63 

10.3 76.5 0.78 

10.2 80.8 0.66 

12.5 84.3 0.66 

12.1 88.3 0.76 

11.2 85.5 0.83 

12.9 83.5 1.09 

::i 

9.6 

10.4 

10.7 

13.3 

11.9 

12.2 

13.7 74.9 0.41 12.8 

10.0 

9.5 

10.7 

10.6 

13.2 

13.5 

64.1 0.87 

66.6 0.64 

71.6 0.68 

73.7 0.38 

76.4 0.64 

83.6 0.79 

84.2 0.94 

84.1 1.18 

10.1 

9.4 

9.8 

9.6 

11.3 

13.4 

12.0 

12.5 

77.3 . . 

76.8 . . . . . . 

75.6 . 

12.6 

. . 

. 

60 
Table 32. Systolic and diastolic blood Pressure of white persons 7-74 wws.b~ annual familv income, rex.and age-mean, nanderd error of themean.standarddeviation,andage-adjuned valuer: 

""bed &.t er.1971.,974 

- 

Annual family income 

Lessthan$3.000 Less than $5,000 s5.ooos9,999 $10,000 or more 

Mean sp r, man *&J IX man ST *x 

Both sexes. 7-74 years ..................................................................................................... 132.7 1.33 26.4 I 131.2 

7-11 yean ........................................................................................................................................ 

12.17 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

101.7 2.28 

115.0 2.05 

118.2 1.48 

119.1 1.53 

126.5 2.m 

138.3 4.53 

144.1 2.60 

152.2 1.22 

13.0 104.2 

13.9 114.2 

15.0 118.0 

13.0 120.8 

16.2 127.8 

25.0 137.3 

26.2 145.2 

24.9 150.4 

23.5 129.9 

12.2 '104.6 

12.6 116.7 

12.7 123.1 

12.6 124.8 

13.5 128.2 

18.7 137.8 

22.6 143.3 

27.3 147.4 

28.0 132.1 

0.94 25.7 124.2 

= = = 

0.67 

- 

- 

21.1 

= 

1215 0.41 

= 

20.0 

1.67 123 1039 1.02 12.3 103.c 0.6E 12.1 

1.50 14.6 114.5 0.86 13.8 113.1 0.65 13.3 

0.89 14.3 119.9 0.69 13.6 119.7 0.79 13.1 

1.10 14.2 120.8 0.91 13.6 120.: 0.54 14.8 

1.65 19.0 125.8 0.95 17.5 123,s 0.7C 16.4 

2.66 24.4 130.7 1.51 19.6 133.1 1.07 21.1 

1.96 26.0 143.1 1.24 22.1 137.E 1.4E 22.0 

1.01 24.6 149.3 1.28 23.7 146.7 1.55 27.0 

1.33 

- 

23.4 125.3 

- - 

0.64 

- 

1.92 12.4 104.6 0.94 

2.13 14.6 116.4 0.98 

1.20 13.0 123.7 1.36 

1.93 13.0 124.2 1.15 

2.54 15.1 127.7 1.83 

2.68 21.5 132.9 1.82 

3.74 24.9 139.5 1.39 

1.51 25.4 146.1 1.51 

19.3 

- 

11.5 

14.5 

13.2 

12.9 

15.9 

17.5 

18.8 

23.5 

124.3 0.47 19.1 

- - - 

102.9 0.86 12.1 

i 14.0 0.84 13.0 

124.5 1.07 12.4 

125.8 0.88 14.2 

126.6 1.10 14.6 

135.1 1.24 20.1 

137.7 1.53 19.0 

143.0 1.81 22.4 

1.01 27.2 123.2 

- - 

0.85 22.5 

- 

12.9 

12.8 

13.1 

13.5 

18.6 

20.9 

24.3 

23.5 

119.4 

- 

0.55 20.8 

- - 

14.1 103.7 2.26 12.1 103.0 1.56 

13.8 111.8 1.98 14.2 112.7 1.15 

15.0 113.5 1.30 13.8 116.4 0.89 

13.3 118.6 1.27 14.3 117.6 0.94 

17.4 127.5 2.60 22.1 124.1 1.04 

26.5 137.0 3.64 25.6 129.1 2.11 

28.0 146.3 2.54 26.5 146.3 1.87 

23.7 152.2 1.22 23.9 152.3 1.84 

103.2 1.13 12.1 

112.0 0.67 13.6 

114.7 O.& 11.8 

115.0 0.53 13.4 

121.2 0.79 17.8 

130.8 1.58 22.0 

138.0 2.30 25.2 

150.3 2.62 30.4 

. . . . 125.5 

126.5 

. 124.8 

. 124.3 

. 125.2 

. 123.6 

. . . 

..I 

123.2 

. . 124.8 

. 121~6 

14.7 79.7 

11.1 65.4 

11.1 68.9 

11.1 73.0 

12.2 77.9 

12.9 83.6 

15.1 84.7 

13.3 87,l 

13.1 86.1 

0.62 14.3 77.7 0.42 13.1 77.0 0.32 13.3 

= = = = = = = = 

1.32 9.6 65.5 0.92 9.9 64.4 0.60 9.7 

1.14 10.8 70.8 0.50 9.6 69.5 0.48 9.6 

0.70 10.6 74.2 0.62 10.7 74.0 0.58 10.1 

1.M 11.0 78.2 0.52 10.6 77.0 0.43 10.5 

1.39 13.2 82.8 0.69 12.6 81.1 0.45 11.4 

1.34 13.7 83.3 0.89 12.0 86.0 0.61 13.4 

1.10 13.6 87.4 0.71 117 84.8 0.70 12.0 

0.58 12.8 85.2 0.62 12.7 83.8 0.87 12.3 

14.9 79.8 

10.8 65.2 

IO.9 70.0 

10.7 76.0 

15.4 78.9 

9.7 85.0 

14.6 87.1 

14.8 88.3 

13.6 85.6 

14.6 79,6 

11.3 65.6 

10.6 67.8 

10.5 70.4 

9.7 77.4 

14.3 82.2 

148 83.6 

12.2 864 

12.9 86.3 

0.82 

- 

1.57 

1.38 

a.94 

2.24 

2.24 

1.70 

1.95 

0.69 

14.6 78.9 

- - 

10 3 66.5 

10.6 70.8 

10.6 76.9 

11.8 81.2 

12.7 84.8 

14.1 856 

14.5 86.4 

136 85.0 

0.44 

- 

0.88 

0.66 

0.99 

0.74 

1.22 

1.11 

0.85 

0.88 

12.7 

97 

9.7 

105 

98 

123 

10.6 

106 

12.8 

79.1 0.36 

- - 

648 0.67 

70.4 0.69 

765 0.83 

80.7 0.68 

84.0 066 

88.3 0.76 

853 0.84 

83.4 1.10 

13.3 

- 

9.3 

9.7 

9.8 

10.2 

10.6 

13.1 

119 

12.1 

0.62 14.1 766 

- 

0.54 134 74 8 0.42 42.8 

1.53 8.7 54.5 1.20 10.0 63.9 0.90 10.1 

1.38 10.8 70.8 0.90 9.5 68.4 0.65 94 

0.76 9.8 718 069 104 71.3 0.73 9.8 

0.92 10.6 75.4 0.62 106 73.7 0.38 9.6 

1.71 13.5 81.1 0.77 12.6 782 0.55 11.3 

1.53 13.3 816 1 14 12.6 83.3 0.78 13.3 

1.17 12.9 a84 loo 12.5 84.3 096 12.1 

0.67 124 85.3 0.77 12.7 84.2 1.21 12.4 

77.9 

79.1 

76.9 

77.1 

.., 75.5 

,.. 

131.0 

- 

101.2 

119.8 

124.0 

120.8 

129.9 

142.7 

139.7 

150.1 

133.8 

1.79 

- 

3.09 

2.66 

1.54 

2.88 

3.06 

3.68 

3.72 

2.25 

102.5 

111.8 

113.2 

118.1 

124.3 

137.0 

146.8 

153.1 

1.41 

- 

3.84 

2.92 

2.28 

1.77 

2.33 

5.57 

3.89 

1.36 

125.1 

126.7 

124.3 

79.9 0.72 

= = 

63.6 2.26 

68.2 1.37 

72.8 1.07 

76.9 1.96 

82.1 1.72 

84.6 2.16 

86.0 1.15 

86.9 0.78 

80.5 0.97 

63.0 3.51 

72.0 2.04 

75.9 1.41 

78.1 5.03 

85.1 2.41 

90.7 3.71 

87.6 2.36 

87.1 1.00 

79.6 0.77 

64.5 3.60 

65.6 1.71 

69.6 1.28 

79.3 1.49 

80.2 2.23 

62.8 2.22 

85.1 1.45 

86.8 0.91 

77.3 77.5 

79.2 78.8 

76.3 . 77.0 

18.24 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

2534 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

3544 YeaTI ...................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 warr ...................................................................................................................................... 

5564 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 ~earr ...................................................................................................................................... 

Males. 7-74 yean.........................., ........................................................................................ 

7-11 "eaR............................................................................~ ........................................................... 

12-1 7 yesrr ...................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 ~earr ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 yesrr ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

5564 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

e 

6574 yesn............................................,,,........,.........................................,......................,........,.... 

Female .. 7.74 ~~~~rl ................................................................................................................ 

7.11 Y(IIR ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 ye~n ...................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yearr..........................................................................................................................~ ........... 

25.34 year* ....................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 YeaTI ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 year*....................................................,.................................................................................. 

Awadiurted values: 

Both rexer.........................,....,........................,..............,,,....,..................,......,,.......,.......,......,,., 

Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................... 

Female . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ 

Dmrrolic 

Both sexes, 7-74 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

12.17 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

la-24 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 yearr.....................................................................................,..................................,,......,,..... 

45.54 Yesrr.............................................................................................................................,......... 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

Males. 7.74 yeare .................................................................................................................... 

12.17 yelr* ....................................................................................................................................... 

16.24 ycarr ....................................................................................................................................... 

2534 yearr.......................................................................... . ..I....................................................... 

35-44 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ........ 

45.54 "~lR...‘...............................,......................................................................................,......... 

5564 yelrs ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 yea~( ....................................................................................................................................... 

Femak, 7.74 years ............................................................................................................... 

7.11 yelTf ......................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 ye~,~ ....................................................................................................................................... 

la.24 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

2534 "eln ....................................................................................................................................... 

5554 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

66-74 yelp) ....................................................................................................................................... 

Male ............................................................................................................................................ 

Femak ........................................................................................................................................ 

NOTE: $2 = standard error ofthe mean,s, = standard deviadon. 

61 
Table 33. Svstok and diastolic blood pressure of Negro perranr 7.74 yearr, by annual family income, sex,and age-mean, standard error otthe mean,standarddwiation,and age-adjusted values: 

UnitedSrater, 1971.1974 

I Annual family income 

Blood ,xerrure,rex,andage Less thpn $3,000 Less than $5,000 1 55.000-59.999 1 $10,000 or more 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

28.5 1.29 

= 

29.5 

= 

124.6 1.23 23.8 123.0 1.58 23.1 

03.6 1.13 10.6 103.6 2.04 13.6 101.1 1.88 11.6 

13.7 1.79 13.7 110.9 1.03 12.3 111.9 2.55 13.8 

16.6 1.83 15.8 118.0 2.04 13.9 119.0 3.40 16.3 

23.6 2.17 17.8 125.1 1.61 15.1 127.3 2.16 14.7 

32.2 2.07 21.2 135.4 1.60 20.0 127.6 3.49 21.6 

53.5 7.01 37.3 144.5 4.85 27.3 141.0 8.12 31.5 

51.9 4.17 26.3 150.2 4.38 23.0 141.7 7.80 22.2 

61.2 3.23 29.0 156.6 3.64 28.1 146.1 7.71 27.5 

25.4 2.00 

- 

25.7 126.5 

- - 

1.83 

- 

23.2 125.1 1.81 21.9 

- 

04.1 1.49 10.3 102.6 2.17 13.0 96.5 

12.6 2.32 14.3 112.5 1.98 12.2 113.6 

21.3 3.92 17.8 122.8 3.50 11.1 125.5 

26.5 3.78 12.1 128.5 3.02 14.2 132.1 

31.3 4.94 18.7 141.4 2.20 16.0 137.4 

45.2 8.17 28.5 142.2 6.94 27.5 135.7 

40.9 4.86 25.8 152.0 4.19 16.8 140.4 

156.9 3.71 27.6 157.1 5.64 31.1 147.0 

2.67 

3.75 

2.68 

8.53 

6.49 

1.45 

9.89 

10.6 

11.1 

14.9 

11.9 

23.9 

29.6 

22.2 

27.4 

l30.8 1.63 31.9 

- - 

1.35 10.8 

2.14 12.8 

1.36 13.8 

2.17 19.8 

2.49 22.8 

I.04 42.5 

5.43 27.9 

3.80 29.5 

123.0 24.2 120.8 2.70 24.2 

103.1 

114.9 

113.8 

22.3 

132.9 

161.7 

156.9 

~64.2 

104.6 

109.8 

112.7 

122.2 

132.1 

147.5 

148.8 

156.2 

1 X8 

- 

2.65 

1.68 

2.14 

1.59 

2.01 

5.18 

6.72 

4.84 

14.2 105.3 2.85 10.8 

12.2 109.8 4.12 16.1 

14.7 112.8 3.32 15.1 

15.2 118.6 1.81 15.2 

21.1 122.8 3.65 18.5 

26.8 144.7 3.55 32.2 

26.5 146.1 5.45 21.4 

24.7 145.3 5.24 27.7 

'29.9 

127.6 

132.0 

128.6 

130.0 

127.7 

I 125.7 

. . 127.0 

124.5 

80.0 

= 

63.1 

71.2 

74.9 

80.6 

88.4 

94.7 

92.2 

92.0 

0.65 

= 

16.9 

=I 

79.1 0.89 

= 

16.0 78.6 0.97 14.2 

0.97 9.3 65.2 1.45 10.4 65.9 I.22 8.7 

1.42 10.7 69.3 1.04 9.0 70.8 1.24 9.0 

1.04 11.1 73.3 1.57 11.2 75.3 1.76 9.3 

1.97 14.8 80.9 1.73 12.2 81.5 1.81 11.7 

1.52 13.7 90.2 1.70 13.7 64.7 1.52 11.9 

2.30 14.9 94.1 2.46 15.8 88.8 3.64 17.2 

1.91 14.1 91.3 3.31 14.4 91.8 3.92 12.4 

1.28 15.6 89.2 1.70 12.6 84.3 4.75 15.3 

7.1 1 years ................................................................................................................................... 85.0 1.85 9.1 63.1 

12.17 years.. ................................................................................................................................. 74.5 1.68 9.8 71.5 

18.24 years ................................................................................................................................... 76.1 2.02 10.0 77.7 

25.34 years. .................................................................................................................................. 83.8 3.64 9.6 82.9 

35.44 yean .................................................................................................................................. 92.0 5.55 14.4 88.6 

45.54 yean ........................................................................................................................... 95.2 4.31 13.6 93.5 

56.64 years ................................................................................................................................ 90.5 3.07 15.5 90.9 

65.74 years .............................................................................................................................. 91.8 2.38 14.5 91.2 

1.22 16.1 

- - 

1.58 9.4 

1.74 11.1 

1.81 11.5 

2.28 9.2 

3.34 13.6 

3.45 13.5 

1.96 14.3 

1.49 14.2 

80.5 16.3 80.5 1.24 14.7 

64.6 

70.8 

74.2 

65.2 

94.0 

92.4 

97.4 

90.2 

1.19 

- 

1.80 

1.52 

2.07 

2.93 

1.51 

4.00 

4.07 

1.77 

10.3 64.6 1.80 6.9 

9.4 72.0 1.37 8.4 

9.1 78.0 1.47 7.1 

12.6 84.2 2.66 12.0 

11.0 91.0 4.11 11.2 

16.7 89.2 4.44 20.5 

13.5 94.6 6.53 11.8 

13.1 88.0 5.87 14.8 

Females, 7.74 years ........................................................................................................ 80.2 1.02 17.2 80.5 76.6 

7.1, years.. ............................................................................................................... 62.8 1.5-l 9.0 63.1 

12.17 yearr ............................................................................................................ 71.3 1.91 11.3 70.8 

18.24 years ................................................................................................................ 73.4 1.24 10.3 73.3 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................... 76.4 3.56 16.7 79.4 

35.44 years ............................................................................................................. 86.8 2.10 15.2 88.3 

45.54 "ears,, ................................................................................................... 90.9 2.32 14.1 95.9 

55.54 y~~rl................ ....................................................................................................... 93.6 2.32 13.6 92.8 

66.74 years ...................................................................................................................... 92.2 I.71 16.0 92.5 

0.71 17.4 77.9 1.28 

- - - - 

1.01 9.3 65.9 1.81 

1.70 10.3 68.3 1.35 

1.02 10.5 72.4 2.29 

2.43 16.7 77.0 1.16 

1.52 13.7 88.2 2.26 

2.69 16.1 96.3 2.67 

2.39 14.0 86.S 3.54 

1.76 16.4 86.C 2.73 

15.6 

- 

10.4 

8.6 

13.1 

10.3 

14.6 

14.3 

13.4 

11.9 

67.0 

69.4 

72.7 

76.4 

81.5 

88.5 

82.1 

80.7 

1.35 13.2 

- - 

2.19 9.8 

2.53 9.6 

2.36 10.4 

1.42 9.1 

1.87 10.9 

4.96 14.5 

9.22 6.9 

4.23 14.9 

81.5 

81.6 

81.6 

81.1 

82.7 

60.C 

80th sexes, 7.74 yearr ................................................................................................... 

7.11 YearE.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 "ears ...................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 "ears ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

1.42 28.6 

= = 

102.8 1.93 11.3 

115.2 1.53 12.1 

117.9 2.05 15.2 

122.4 3.45 15.7 

134.5 3.37 23.4 

146.6 6.80 29.1 

153.6 4.61 26.8 

162.4 3.20 29.2 

127.9 2.59 27.4 

- 

101.7 2.28 

115.3 1.81 

124.2 4.29 

127.0 6.61 

135.1 8.27 

147.6 1.05 

142.9 7.05 

158.8 5.76 

10.6 

11.5 

17.7 

12.5 

21.6 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

I 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

55-64 "ears ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 pearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 vearr......................................................~ .............................................................................. 

25-34 YearI ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 Yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 year( ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr ...................................................................................................................................... 

27.2 

30.5 

Females, 7-74 "earI ............................................................................................................... 131.6 1.59 29.5 

7.1 1 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

12.17"ears ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 yea,~ ...................................................................................................................................... 

3544 vea,s ....................................................................................................................................... 

104.1 2.73 11.9 

117.3 2.14 12.6 

114.1 1.87 12.1 

120.2 2.49 16.7 

134.1 3.32 24.7 

145.1 4.31 26.9 

156.6 5.88 25.0 

164.6 3.44 28.2 

Age-ad,urtedualues: 

80th sexes.. ................................................................................................................................. 

Male ............................................................................................................................................ 

Female .............. 

129.8 

129.3 

130.3 

16.6 

= 

7.1 1 "ears ................................................................................................................................... 54.0 1.15 9.1 

12.17yearr.. ............................................................................................................................... 73.1 1.47 IO.5 

IS.24 year( ...................................................................................................................................... 76.2 1.27 10.5 

25.34 "ear) ....................................................................................................................................... 78.9 3.11 15.1 

35-W yearI ..................................................................................................................................... 88.9 2.21 15.1 

45.54 year1 ...................................................................................................................................... 93.5 2.83 14.0 

55.64 "ea,P ...................................................................................................................................... 92.6 1.88 14.3 

65.74 yea,~ ...................................................................................................................................... 92.0 1.47 15.5 

Age-ad,urted YBIU~I' 

Both sexes.. .................................................................................................. 

Male ......................................................................................................................... 

Female .................................................................................................................... 

81.6 

83.1 

80.3 

62 
Table 34. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons J-74 years, by education, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean. standard deviation, and age-adjusted 

United States,1971-1974 

Education 

Less than 5yearr 5-8 years 9-12years 13yearsormore 

Mean sji 2, Mean sz s, Mean s,- sx Mean s.q s, 

Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Blood ~ress"resex,and age 

SYSTOLIC 

Both sexes 

7-l 7 fears.. .................................................................................. 

7-11 years .................................................................................................... 

12-17 yean .................................................................................................. 

18.74 VeaTs .................................................................................. 

2.38 

= 

2.40 

2.35 

2.04 

15.9 

= 

12.1 

16.E 

27.4 

0.68 

= 

0.98 

0.65 

109.9 

E 

103.3 

115.9 

146.0 

18-24 years .................................................................................................. 124.9 

25-34 vears .................................................................................................. 129.7 

3544 years .................................................................................................. 129.6 

45-54 years .................................................................................................. 143.1 

65-64 years .................................................................................................. 148.6 

65-74 years .................................................................................................. 158.4 

4.19 

5.28 

2.22 

4.33 

3.58 

1.92 

Males 

- 

J-l 1 years.. .................................................................................................. 

12-17 years.. ................................................................................................ 

111.8 

- 

102.3 

112.9 

2.86 17.6 

2.34 

3.17 

18-24 years .................................................................................................. 

25.34 years ........................... ...................................................................... 

3544 years .................................................................................................. 

45.54 years .................................................................................................. 

5564 years .................................................................................................. 

65-74 years.. ................................................................................................ 

146.0 2.98 

- 

- 

128.5 4.28 

136.9 7.34 

132.4 5.36 

147.1 6.21 

142.2 6.81 

158.6 3.18 

7-17 years ......................................................................................... 

7-11 years .................................................................................................... 

12-17 years.. ................................................................................................ 

18-74 years ....................................................................................... 

108.3 

- 

104.1 

112.9 

2.94 14.1 108.5 1.08 13.7 108.5 0.66 

146.0 

3.80 

2.94 

2.19 

25-34 years .................................................................................................. 

35-44 years .................................................................................................. 

45.54 years .................................................................................................. 

55.64 years .................................................................................................. 

65-74 years.. ................................................................................................ 

- 

113.0 

121.7 

127.9 

137.1 

157.5 

160.2 

4.30 

4.36 

3.43 

3.91 

4.08 

1.94 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 years ......................................................................... 

Males, 18-74 years.. ................................................................................ 

Females, 18-74 Yeats .............................................................................. 

136.9 . . 

139.0 . . . 

133.5 . . 

0.57 

1.07 

0.89 

0.84 

104.0 

113.8 

128.3 

0.7E 

0.7: 

0.51 125.: 

1O.E 

18.8 

19.2 

26.1 

25.7 

28.2 

11&C 

121.E 

129.7 

137.i 

145.E 

150.1 

1.76 

1.42 

1.01 

1.92 

1.54 

1.22 

12.9 

13.0 

17.9 

25.4 

24.3 

25.3 

110.4 

- 

105.0 

114.1 

1.10 

- 

1.27 

1.17 

13.0 

- 

10.7 

13.1 

136.8 1.04 21.3 

- - - 

121.0 2.82 11.4 

123.5 2.14 11.2 

129.1 1.57 14.7 

135.1 1.88 21.1 

141.7 1.99 20.1 

147.1 1.82 24.4 

119.7 

121.8 

125.2 

133.0 

140.3 

150.0 

110.1 

0.5E 

0.55 

0.83 

1.13 

0.94 

1.09 

0.54 

- 

0.7 1 

0.88 

0.57 

- 

0.96 

0.83 

1.11 

1.30 

I .25 

1.49 

14.r 

15.; 

18.C 

21 .E 

22.5 

24.E 

14.c 

117.2 

119.c 

124.: 

132.i 

138.; 

145.E 

0.74 

0.71 

1 .Ol 

1.98 

2.42 

1.14 

12.7 

13.7 

16.0 

21.4 

229 

22.7 

11.7 

13.7 

108.4 0.81 14.9 

- - - 

101.: 1.25 13.2 

114.1 1.03 13.6 

18.4 127.8 0.61 16.5 

9.9 

18.8 

27.0 

104.1 

115.1 

130.7 

8.6 

14.3 

15.9 

27.7 

25.5 

29.7 

124.6 

127.1 

127.9 

135.4 

138.4 

146.1 

13.8 

14.1 

15.9 

20.6 

19.9 

23.9 

13.7 

122.1 0.97 11.8 

123.6 0.97 12.7 

127.0 1.35 14.6 

133.4 2.16 18.5 

138.5 2.10 21.3 

141.9 1.60 20.5 

106.2 1.08 13.2 

13.4 102.7 1.55 

13.5 111.9 1.23 

27.9 

- 

7.3 

19.8 

20.9 

22.2 

23.3 

26.4 

141.3 

- 

114.9 

119.6 

130.4 

139.6 

149.5 

152.6 

1.16 

- 

2.13 

1.56 

1.82 

3.05 

2.28 

1.31 

. . . 131.6 . 

. . 131.0 . . . 

. . 132.3 . 

11.5 

13.7 

27.9 

104.0 1.08 12.6 101.5 

112.4 3.84 13.3 110.3 

I.63 22.1 122.3 

13.5 

14.2 

20.8 

29.5 

27.3 

25.7 

126.5 

- 

115.6 

117.8 

123.4 

131.3 

141.5 

152.5 

3.57 

3.55 

1.91 

1.55 

1.24 

1.31 

. . . 

. . 

13.5 113.1 0.89 

14.4 113.4 0.69 

19.1 119.8 1.28 

22.6 131.8 2.73 

24.0 137.9 4.08 

24.7 148.3 1.73 

. . . 129.6 

. . 131.7 

.,. 128.1 

. . . 129.1 . . . . 

. . 129.6 . . . . . 

‘ . 125.2 . . . . . 

1.35 

1.05 

0.87 

11.8 

13.0 

z1.4 

- 

12.0 

i2.7 

7.2 

!4.5 

!4.8 

!3.7 

See footnotes at end of table. 

63 
Table 34. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of persons 7-74 years, by education, sex, and age-mean, standard error of the mean, standard deviation, and age-adjusted 

values: Untted States, 1971.1974-Con. 

Blood pressure sex, and age 

Education 

m= 

DIASTOLIC c 

Both sexes 

7-1 1 years.. .................................................................................................. 

12.17 years.. ................................................................................................ 

67.6 

E 

65.4 

69.6 

18.74 years .................................................................................. 

18.24 years.. ................................................................................................ 

25.34 years.. ................................................................................................ 

35.44 years.. ................................................................................................ 

45-54 years.. ................................................................................................ 

55-64 years.. ................................................................... ............................ 

65-74 years.. ................................................................................................ 

88.6 

- 

- 

75.8 

85.9 

84.4 

91 .o 

90.5 

89.1 

7.17 years.. ....................................................................................... 

7-11 years.. .................................................................................................. 

12.17years.. ................................................................................................ 

69.0 

- 

66.5 

70.9 

18.74 years.. ..................................................................................... 

18-24 years.. ............................................................................................... 

2534 years.. ................................................................................................ 

3544 years.. ................................................................................................ 

45-54 years.. ........................................................... . ................................... 

55-64 years.. ........................................................... . .................................... 

65-74 years.. ................................................................................................ 

90.0 

-. 

77.3 

90.5 

85.8 

96.0 

88.4 

89.1 

Females 

7-17 veals ......................................................................................... 66.4 

- 

64.6 

68.3 

1 a-74 years.. ..................................................................................... 87.0 

18.24 years.. ................................................................................................ 70.7 

2534 years .................................................................................................. 80.9 

3544 years.. ................................................................................................ 83.6 

45.54 years.. ................................................................................................ 83.3 

55-64 years.. ................................................................................................ 93.3 

65.74 years.. ................................................................................................ 89.1 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes 18.74 years.. ......................................................................... 

Males, 18-74 years.. ................................................................................ 

Females, 18.74 years.. ............................................................................ 

85.7 

87.8 

82.7 

- 

Blood pressure Imm. Hg) 

1.54 

= 

1.73 

1 .a7 

1.24 

10.6 

- 

a.5 

11.8 

67.6 0.70 10.4 67.8 66.8 0.52 10.5 

64.7 0.98 9.8 65.2 

69.4 0.80 10.4 69.9 

0.49 9.9 

= = 

0.62 9.6 

0.47 9.7 

63.4 0.90 

69.6 0.56 

14.8 85.4 0.50 13.5 

- 

10.5 

9.6 

12.2 

14.0 

13.2 

13.5 

80.8 0.33 12.7 79.4 0.37 

10.4 

9.7 

12.1 

2.22 

3.56 

1.76 

2.67 

2.42 

1.G9 

7.5 

11.7 

13.0 

17.4 

14.2 

14.1 

73.4 

79.1 

85.2 

86.2 

88.8 

86.0 

1.49 

0.93 

0.93 

0.97 

0.79 

0.70 

74.0 

78.5 

81.7 

85.2 

86.6 

85.4 

0.45 

0.33 

0.51 

0.69 

0.54 

0.60 

10.7 

11.3 

12.0 

13.7 

11.8 

12.4 

73.6 

76.2 

82.3 

86.4 

84.9 

83.9 

0.58 

0.51 

0.72 

1.10 

1 .oa 

0.84 

9.9 

10.1 

12.6 

11.9 

11.8 

12.0 

11.3 67.7 0.84 

- 

1.32 

0.82 

10.6 

- 

10.1 

10.4 

68.5 9.9 67.3 0.65 10.3 

2.17 

2.40 

8.2 

12.9 

64.6 

69.8 

65.6 

70.9 

0.60 

0.43 

64.0 

69.9 

9.6 

10.1 

15.2 85.9 0.61 12.8 83.2 

9.4 

9.7 

12.0 81.6 

0.92 

1.02 

0.48 11.5 

2.61 

6.92 

4.69 

3.58 

3.25 

1.59 

6.8 

11.2 

13.1 

17.4 

14.1 

14.3 

75.4 

81.3 

86.2 

86.8 

89.1 

85.6 

2.95 

1.17 

1.38 

1.13 

0.95 

0.85 

10.8 

a.2 

12.0 

13.2 

12.1 

13.9 

76.8 

82.1 

84.5 

88.2 

85.5 

85.4 

0.70 

0.57 

0.70 

0.81 

0.93 

0.65 

75.7 

79.5 

84.7 

86.9 

85.4 

83.3 

9.6 

9.6 

11.8 

11.6 

12.0 

12.3 

1.67 9.8 67.6 67.0 

10.3 

10.7 

11.0 

13.0 

12.0 

11.8 

9.9 66.2 

0.77 

0.71 

0.91 

1.47 

1.53 

1.34 

0.83 10.6 

2.05 

2.05 

8.6 

10.6 

64.8 

69.0 

0.91 

- 

1.15 

1.23 

64.8 

68.9 

0.64 

- 

0.80 

0.67 

62.7 

69.2 

1.26 

0.82 

1.16 14.2 

- 

7.3 

10.0 

12.8 

14.2 

13.9 

13.8 

84.8 

10.2 

- 

9.3 

10.4 

14.1 79.1 

9.7 

9.7 

12.9 76.8 0.39 

11.1 

9.1 

12.2 

4.94 

2.23 

2.02 

1.82 

3.09 

1.05 

71.5 

76.9 

84.2 

85.5 

88.6 

86.4 

1.60 

1.17 

1.17 

1.54 

1.09 

0.80 

9.9 

10.3 

12.4 

14.9 

14.2 

13.1 

71.7 

75.9 

79.8 

83.0 

85.7 

85.4 

0.57 

0.40 

0.61 

0.84 

0.76 

0.75 

10.5 

11.0 

12.2 

13.8 

11.6 

12.8 

71.2 

72.1 

78.6 

83.5 

84.2 

84.3 

0.66 

0.52 

0.93 

1.27 

1.45 

0.97 

9.6 

9.2 

12.9 

12.0 

11.4 

11.7 

. . 

. 

. 82.6 . . 

. . 83.6 . 

. . . 81.5 . . 

. . . 81.2 . . . 80.5 . . . . 

83.5 . . 82.3 . . . . 

79.6 . . . 78.3 . . . . . 

NOTES: For those examinees 7-17 years education is that of the head of household; for those examinees 18.74 years education is that of the examinee. Examinees Were 

excluded when the education level WBS unknown. 

sf = standard error of the mean, sx = standard deviation 

64 
Table35 Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 years, by education, sex,andage-mean, standard ermr of the mean. standard dewtton, and 

?d" 

Blood pressure.sex,and age 

alues: United States,l971-1974 

Education 

Less than Byears 5-8years 9.12years 13yearsor more 

Blood ~reswre fmm.Hgl 

SYSTOLIC 

Bothsexes 

7.17 yearr.................................................................................... 

7.11 yeBr5................................................................................................,... 

12-17 years.................................................,................................................ 

109.7 3.09 109.8 13.6 109.6 13.7 107.4 1 0.76 14.2 

103.1 

115.8 

141.9 

2.93 

3.19 

I .a0 

12.6 

18.3 

25.4 

103.4 

113.4 

138.7 

i .28 

0.96 

0.90 

11.4 

13.4 

24.2 

104.3 

114.0 

128.3 

0.78 

0.73 

0.53 

12.0 

13.5 

20.5 

12.7 

13.5 

is.9 

101.4 1.03 

112.3 0.73 

125.3 0.60 

119.7 

125.4 

128.2 

136.8 

145.7 

155.5 

113.3 

2.99 

5.70 

2.60 

2.71 

5.93 

2.14 

4.08 

6.9 

18.4 

18.8 

20.5 

22.9 

26.8 

19.7 

117.8 

121.1 

128.6 

135.7 

145.1 

149.2 

110.8 

104.5 

114.6 

136.4 

2.37 

1.45 

1.22 

1.84 

1.68 

1.27 

1.23 

- 

1.63 

1.26 

1.14 

12.4 

12.7 

16.7 

22.0 

24.5 

24.8 

13.1 

120.2 

121.5 

124.5 

132.4 

139.8 

149.7 

110.5 

- 

104.6 

115.5 

130.8 

0.64 

0.58 

0.86 

1.14 

0.98 

1.13 

0.62 

0.72 

0.90 

0.55 

14.0 

15.0 

17.5 

21.3 

22.1 

24.7 

13.7 

11.4 

13.5 

18.3 

12.9 

13.5 

15.6 

20.0 

22.8 

22.6 

14.9 

- 

13.3 

13.7 

16.5 

18.24 years .................................................................................................. 

25.34 veals .................................................................................................. 

3544 yearr .................................................................................................. 

46.54 veals .................................................................................................. 

55.64 yeast.- ................................................................................................ 

65-74 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

118.1 0.80 

118.6 0.73 

123.7 1.04 

131.6 1.88 

138.7 2.02 

145.9 1.13 

108.4 0.85 

101.5 1.27 

113.9 1.14 

127.9 0.64 

122.3 1 .Ol 

123.6 1.03 

126.7 1.36 

133.1 2.18 

139.3 1.84 

142.1 1.62 

106.3 1.16 

101.3 1.41 

110.5 1.11 

122.0 0.87 

Males 

- 

7-17 yeers................................................................,...........,........... 

7-1 1 yean .................................................................................................... 

12.17 yearr .................................................................................................. 

102.6 

121.1 

144.4 

- 

121.9 

136.4 

132.5 

140.0 

144.8 

155.0 

2.92 

4.30 

3.21 

9.9 

21.4 

25.8 

- 

6.5 

17.5 

17.8 

20.7 

25.7 

29.4 

14.4 

11.0 

12.8 

20.8 

3.92 

2.44 

1.57 

1.88 

2.11 

1.86 

1.22 

11.6 

11.6 

11.6 

19.2 

20.0 

24.0 

14.0 

125.1 

126.7 

127.3 

135.4 

138.2 

145.7 

108.7 

1.08 

0.87 

1.20 

1.38 

1;29 

1.53 

0.71 

13.4 

14.7 

15.5 

20.5 

19.9 

23.9 

13.6 

- 

12.5 

13.2 

21.7 

12.0 

12.6 

14.3 

is.3 

20.8 

20.5 

13.3 

- 

11.9 

13.0 

20.9 

18.24 yearr .................................................................................................. 

25.34 yearr .................................................................................................. 

3544 yearr .................................................................................................. 

45.54 veals .................................................................................................. 

55.64 years .................................................................................................. 

65-74 veals .................................................................................................. 

6.02 

8.85 

9.41 

4.38 

9.41 

3.71 

3.43 

119.9 

123.0 

127.0 

134.8 

140.8 

146.5 

108.7 

Females 

7-11 yearr .................................................................................................... 

12-17 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

18.74 yearr ....................................................................................... 

18.24 yee~s .................................................................................................. 

25.34 years .................................................................................................. 

3544 years .................................................................................................. 

45-54 yearr .................................................................................................. 

55.64 V~BIS .................................................................................................. 

65.74 yearr .................................................................................................. 

Age-adjusted values: 

103.4 

111.6 

4.44 

3.45 

1.52 

13.8 

13.8 

24.6 

102.2 

112.3 

141.1 

1.71 

1.16 

1.22 

11.8 

13.9 

26.9 

104.1 

112.5 

126.4 

1.10 

0.90 

0.65 

115.3 3.71 5.3 

115.7 2.34 13.0 

126.2 3.89 is.9 

133.2 3.88 19.7 

147.5 3.67 15.9 

155.9 2.31 23.9 

132.9 . . . 

136.6 . . 

129.7 

130.8 . . . 

. . 130.1 

. 131.6 . . . 

115.5 

119.2 

130.4 

136.7 

149.5 

151.5 

2.65 

1.68 

2.23 

3.26 

2.52 

1.43 

12.8 

13.4 

20.9 

24.8 

27.8 

25.1 

116.1 

117.5 

122.5 

130.3 

140.9 

152.4 

0.60 

0.61 

0.93 

1.50 

1.29 

1.36 

. . . 129.3 . 

. . . 131.5 . 

. . . 127.7 . 

13.2 

14.0 

18.6 

21.6 

23.4 

24.8 

. 

. 

. . 

12.1 

12.1 

16.4 

22.0 

25.0 

23.6 

. . . 

‘.. 

. . . 

113.2 1.00 

112.7 0.73 

118.9 1.37 

i 29.8 2.64 

137.9 4.06 

148.4 1.78 

127.5 

129.5 .‘. 

124.6 

Both sexes, 18.74 year5 .......................................................................... 

Males, 18-74 yeerr .................................................................................. 

Females, 18-74 years .............................................................................. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

65 
Table 35. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white persons 7-74 

aae-adiuste 

ars, by education, sex, and age-mean. standard ernx of the mean, standard deviation, and 

nlues: United States. 1971-1974-&n. 

Education 

Less than 5 veers 5.Syears 9-12 years 13 veers or mwe 

Mean s, sx Mean .q s, Mean sx sx Mean sx s, 

Blood pressure, sex, and age 

DIASTOLIC 

Bath sexes 

7-17 veers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

i .78 10.8 67.9 67.9 9.8 

65.0 

68.1 

2.10 

2.31 

a.4 

12.4 

65.0 

69.6 

1.16 

0.77 

65.4 

69.9 

0.63 

0.45 

63.3 

69.4 

85.8 

7 

76.8 

84.2 

83.7 

86.4 

86.1 

87.4 

1.15 

== 

3.00 

4.47 

2.12 

2.67 

3.27 

1.19 

85.0 80.7 

6.4 

12.7 

13.1 

16.1 

12.9 

i 2.8 

72.9 

78.5 

84.7 

85.3 

88.6 

85.5 

i .a2 

1.09 

1.09 

0.97 

0.81 

0.77 

9.4 

9.2 

11.8 

12.9 

13.2 

13.2 

74.0 

78.3 

81.0 

84.8 

85.3 

85.4 

0.45 

0.37 

0.52 

0.71 

0.54 

0.63 

12.4 

= 

10.6 

10.8 

11.6 

13.5 

11.6 

12.5 

73.6 

76.0 

ai .9 

85.0 

84.8 

83.7 

0.38 

= 

0.62 

0.51 

0.75 

i .oa 

1.05 

0.87 

12.0 

= 

10.1 

10.0 

12.3 

il.8 

11.6 

11.9 

67.5 2.32 12.0 68.0 0.87 10.2 68.7 0.42 9.8 67.1 0.67 10.3 

7-1 1 veers.. .................................................................................................. 

12-17 years ................................................................................................. 

la-74 years.. ................................................................................. 

1 a-24 veers.. ................................................................................................ 

25-34 yearr .................................................................................................. 

35-44 years .................................................................................................. 

45-54 yearr .................................................................................................. 

55-64 years .................................................................................................. 

65-74 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

Males 

- 

7-l 7 veaTI ......................................................................................... 

7-11 yeaTs .................................................................................................... 

12.17 yearr ................................................................................................. 

18.74 veers.. ..................................................................................... 

66.2 

68.5 

88.5 

2.49 

3.47 

1.93 

7.9 64.8 

14.1 69.9 

14.6 85.5 

1.58 

0.94 

0.68 

10.0 

9.8 

12.3 

66.1 

70.9 

83.1 

0.61 

0.46 

0.40 

9.4 

9.7 

11.9 

64.0 0.96 

69.6 1.02 

al .5 0.51 

9.8 

10.1 

11.5 

79.8 1.77 1.6 74.6 3.59 9.5 77.0 0.74 10.4 76.8 0.82 9.9 

91.7 9.66 13.5 80.9 1.41 8.3 81.8 0.66 10.3 79.3 0.74 9.4 

86.5 a.39 15.4 85.3 1.54 11.3 83.9 0.73 10.7 84.5 0.95 11.7 

92.5 4.30 17.1 86.5 1.25 11.8 88.2 0.90 13.0 86.7 1.50 11.6 

87.1 4.64 13.9 88.4 0.96 il.8 85.2 0.94 11.9 85.3 1.57 11.9 

87.3 1.74 13.0 85.3 0.94 13.9 85.1 0.65 11.9 83.4 1.36 12.4 

65.9 

64.3 

67.7 

1.99 

-- 

2.45 

2.45 

67.9 

65.3 

69.4 

1.01 

- 

1.57 

1.28 

10.5 67.0 0.66 9.8 66.1 0.87 10.7 

0.82 9.6 62.5 1.31 

0.68 9.6 69.2 0.85 

83.0 0.69 

-- 

6.10 

1.29 

2.28 

1.98 

2.36 

1.38 

9.9 

8.6 

10.9 

12.0 84.5 0.61 

9.8 

10.5 

13.8 

64.8 

68.9 

78.9 0.44 

- 

0.59 

0.41 

0.62 

0.85 

0.73 

0.81 

12.6 76.5 0.39 

70.6 

77.6 

82.4 

79.6 

84.0 

87.6 

7.9 71.0 1.88 8.8 71.5 

7.0 76.2 1.33 9.5 75.6 

ii.8 84.0 i .38 12.4 78.9 

11.6 83.8 1.72 14.0 82.4 

10.6 88.8 1.20 14.6 85.4 

12.5 85.7 0.85 12.5 85.5 

10.2 71.1 0.72 

10.4 71.9 0.55 

ii.8 77.8 0.99 

13.3 82.7 i .38 

11.4 84. i 1.41 

12.8 84.0 1.01 

11.2 

9.2 

11.9 

- 

9.8 

9.2 

12.2 

11.7 

11.2 

11.5 

83.8 

87.6 

79.6 

-- 

82.0 

83.0 

80.9 

80.9 . . 

83.3 

79.2 . . 

80.3 

82.2 . . 

. 77.9 

25-34 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

35-44 yearr .................................................................................................. 

45.54 years .................................................................................................. 

55.64 vear~....................................~ ............................................................ 

65-74 yeerr .................................................................................................. 

Females 

7-17 veers.. ....................................................................................... 

7-l 1 veers.. .................................................................................................. 

12-17 veers.. ................................................................................................ 

1 B-74 veers.. ..................................................................................... 

1 a-24 veers.. ................................................................................................ 

25-34 years ............................................................................................... 

35-44 years .................................................................................................. 

45.54 veers .................................................................................................. 

55-64 veaTs ................................................................................................. 

65-74 years ................................................................................................. 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18.74 veers.. ........................................................................ 

Males, 18.74 years.. ............................................................................... 

Females. 18-74 veers.. ............................................................................ 

66 
Table 36. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years. by education, sex,and age--mean, standard error of the mean, standard deviation. and 

aqe-adiusted values: United States. 1971-1974 

Blood pressure,sex,and age Lessthan 5vears 5-8 years I 9-12vearr 13veanormore 

SYSTOLIC 

Both sexes 

7-17 years .................................................................................... 110.2 

7-11 veeTs .................................................................................................... 

12-17 veers ................................................................................................. 

18-74 years .................................................................................. 

103.1 

116.0 

153.9 

la-24 years .................................................................................................. 132.4 

25-34 years .................................................................................................. 142.5 

3544 years .................................................................................................. 135.5 

45-54 yeears ................................................................................................ 157.1 

55.64 yearr .................................................................................................. 151.8 

65-74 years .................................................................................................. 163.6 

Males 

- 

7-17 years ......................................................................................... 108.1 

7-11 years .................................................................................................... 

12-17 yearr .................................................................................................. 

18.74 vears ....................................................................................... 

l&24 yearr ................................................................................................. 

25-34 years .................................................................................................. 

3544 yearr .................................................................................................. 

45-54 yearr .................................................................................................. 

5564 VeaTs .................................................................................................. 

65.74 years .................................................................................................. 

Females 

99.7 

114.3 

148.5 

135.4 

138.0 

132.2 

157.7 

137.7 

159.3 

7-17 yearr ......................................................................................... 

7-1 1 vearr .................................................................................................... 

12-17 yearr .................................................................................................. 

18-74 yearr ....................................................................................... 

la-24 years .................................................................................................. 

25-34 years .................................................................................................. 

3544 ye=Tp .................................................................................................. 

45.54 years .................................................................................................. 

55-64 years .................................................................................................. 

65-74 years .................................................................................................. 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 veers .......................................................................... 

Males, 18-74 veers .................................................................................. 

Females, l&74 vearr .............................................................................. 

113.4 

107.6 

119.0 

162.8 

. 

152.4 

142.2 

164.9 

166.5 

169.3 

145.6 . . . 

141.4 . . . 

145.9 . . . 

See footnotesntend of table. 

Education 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

1.29 il.8 

= = 

2.91 10.0 

1.73 9.8 

108.8 12.7 

105.4 

111.4 

1.52 

= 

1.87 

2.19 

10.5 

13.6 

107.1 

- 

- 

102.: 

111.7 

3.48 29.4 142.0 2.34 29.2 

= = S = = 

6.50 10.5 119.7 3.40 14.5 

'8.15 13.3 124.6 2.50 14.2 

4.34 la.3 134.7 3.37 21.8 

1.06 31.2 144.2 a.01 36.0 

4.89 29.1 150.3 3.11 22.1 

4.17 30.1 160.5 3.13 28.3 

128.1 

- 

- 

117s 

124.C 

131.: 

141.L 

14a.E 

154.z 

2.27 11.5 109.6 1.63 12.6 107.1 

1.26 14.3 106.4 

= = E 

1.63 13.1 102.2 

1.39 13.8 111x 

1.05 22.6 

= = 

1.78 15.9 

1.01 16.2 

1.86 20.7 

4.35 27.6 

7.52 28.1 

3.34 24.3 

129.E 

116.4 

125.0 

135.2 

152.7 

147.9 

143.c 

1.61 14.5 106.2 

1.91 ii.8 

= - 

3.Of 11.5 

2.35 10.3 

2.01 23.0 

= - 

1.91 11.9 

2.4C 14.7 

5.1E 21.3 

10.6E 30.7 

26.1: 21.2 

7.5E 24.3 

2.82 13.0 

4.07 8.2 106.7 2.04 10.2 

2.27 9.5 112.3 2.19 13.9 

4.44 28.6 

- - 

2.82 3.7 

l . 

5.56 12.9 

3.13 32.9 

5.02 24.1 

5.61 30.0 

139.9 2.83 

- 

3.61 

3.43 

5.38 

6.86 

3.11 

4.40 

24.2 

101.: 

111x 

130.1 

1.82 13.1 98.8 

1.91 13.8 113.3 

1.80 18.7 130.8 

125.8 

126.8 

138.4 

137.8 

152.2 

156.3 

10.1 122.1 2.88 15.9 121.0 

8.0 130.1 2.24 14.2 127.5 

22.0 135.E 4.23 is.4 144.0 

28.3 135.4 3.95 21.8 143.8 

18.0 142.1 7.78 19.6 146.4 

27.4 154.3 5.83 24.6 134.7 

2.08 11.4 108.0 2.22 12.7 107.6 1.49 14.1 106.6 

3.76 10.3 104.0 2.72 10.6 103.2 2.18 

2.58 9.5 110.7 3.12 13.3 111.6 1.75 

13.0 

13.9 

105.9 

107.6 

3.89 

- 

. 

a.37 

5.48 

9.25 

6.57 

4.23 

28.5 143.7 3.01 32.5 126.8 1.58 24.7 129.0 

* 

20.5 

24.7 

24.3 

26.4 

29.2 

114.3 4.35 15.6 112.9 1.40 

122.0 3.79 18.7 120.5 1.33 

130.9 4.81 20.9 129.4 2.10 

150.2 0.29 41.0 146.7 6.75 

149.3 4.76 24.2 150.6 0.02 

162.5 3.20 28.5 155.1 4.50 

14.7 113.7 

16.4 122.0 

21.3 131.8 

30.5 157.3 

30.1 150.9 

14.1 146.3 

. . . 136.5 

. . . 137.1 . . . 

. . . 135.7 . . . 

134.0 . . . 

. . 134.6 . . . 

. . . 133.6 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

135.5 

135.7 

135.5 

I 

, 

I 

I 

I 

, 

, 

I : 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

1 

3 

1 

3.70 

4.99 

2.49 

11.7 

9.9 

17.6 

- 

9.4 

12.5 

18.7 

22.0 

23.4 

17.5 

10.1 

2.88 

4.01 

11.90 

10.75 

13.08 

11.02 

2.07 

4.12 

2.84 

3.53 

10.0 

10.1 

26.2 

2.18 12.3 

2.43 16.5 

5.21 21.3 

7.13 33.5 

15.24 15.4 

1.33 25.8 

. 

. 

. . . 

. . . 

. 

67 
Table 36. Systolic and dmstolr blood pressure of Negro persons 7.74 years, by education. sex,and age-mean, standard error of the mean, standard deviation, and 

age-adlusted values: United Stales, 1971.1974-Con. 

Education 

Blood pressure,sex, and age 

Blood pressure Imm. Hg) 

DIASTOLIC 

Both sexes 

7.17 VeaTs...........................................,.........,.......,........,.,..,.,....,, 9.3 

= 

9.1 

8.1 

15.4 

66.7 

1.47 

1.83 

1.06 

2.78 

1.70 

1.86 

3.07 

2.64 

1.62 

2.03 

71.0 10.3 1.65 

66.8 

74.3 

93.7 

2.11 

-- 

-- 

2.52 

2.00 

1.89 

10.6 67.0 

63.8 

69.0 

88.1 

63.7 

69.8 

82.3 

1.06 

0.88 

0.77 

10.2 

9.5 

14.7 

65.6 

73.2 

82.2 

2.53 

2.11 

1.15 

9.2 

7.7 

13.6 

18.24 yeast .................................................................................................. 74.2 

2534 years .................................................................................................. 91.0 

35.44 years .................................................................................................. 87.8 

45.54 yeats .................................................................................................. 101.1 

55.64 years .................................................................................................. 94.6 

65-74 years .................................................................................................. 92.3 

72.4 

3.61 

5.72 

2.83 

5.09 

2.18 

1.66 

7.11 yeaTs .................................................................................................... 

12.17 years .................................................................................................. 

la-74 ~ear~ ....................................................................................... 

67.4 

76.0 

2.37 

-- 

4.09 

1.84 

92.2 

18-24 veals .................................................................................................. 

25-34 vea,l .................................................................................................. 

55.64 ;,,,, .................................................................................................. 

65.74 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

74.6 

L 

M.8 

101.4 

90.2 

92.3 

2.32 

-- 

6.11 

. 

3.42 

6.23 

2.33 

2.25 

Females 

7-17 VeaTs.................................................................................,....... 68.8 

66.1 

71.4 

1.88 

-- 

2.49 

2.03 

18.74 yearr ....................................................................................... 96.1 1.80 

8.6 

5.3 

12.4 

15.7 

13.9 

15.9 

9.2 

75.0 

82.2 

88.3 

90.7 

90.5 

91 .a 

\67.0 

13.3 

10.8 

13.1 

17.3 

13.3 

15.2 

11.9 

74.3 

80.7 

88.3 

91.4 

90.4 

86.3 

67.0 

0.98 

0.98 

1.40 

2.72 

3.77 

1.52 

0.93 

11.4 

13.8 

13.3 

15.7 

13.6 

12.2 

10.1 

73.5 

79.9 

89.6 

92.6 

95.2 

88.2 

69.2 

1.08 

2.44 

3.79 

3.32 

6.94 

4.99 

2.55 

8.3 

10.9 

15.5 

11.0 

15.7 

14.1 

9.3 

9.2 

7.3 

15.8 

64.2 

69.6 

2.37 

2.67 

10.6 

12.4 

62.4 

70.6 

1.45 

1 .Ol 

89.1 1.64 15.5 83.9 1.25 

9.5 

9.0 

13.3 

63.9 

74.3 

84.4 

2.01 

3.65 

1.83 12.0 

- 

6.9 

10.4 

10.3 

10.5 

15.1 

10.7 

9.4 

8.9 77.8 5.11 14.0 76.2 1.35 9.8 75.3 

f 83.2 2.13 7.2 84.3 2.30 13.2 84.2 

9.0 90.2 3.56 14.0 93.0 2.76 11.9 92.5 

16.5 89.7 3.80 18.4 88.6 2.41 12.9 91.4 

14.3 96.5 3.55 13.4 93.4 5.55 10.0 96.6 

15.8 90.1 1.21 12.6 90.8 2.55 9.8 82.1 

9.0 66.5 1.33 9.3 67.0 1.15 10.5 69.2 

1.73 

3.36 

5.71 

4.65 

!8.52 

4.53 

2.44 

a.8 

8.4 

14.3 

63.4 

68.6 

87.3 

1.18 

1.98 

1.21 

7.8 64.8 

9.6 69.0 

15.2 81.2 

1.48 

1.20 

1.22 

10.6 67.6 

10.0 71.5 

15.5 80.7 

4.68 

2.22 

1.45 

10.8 

6.5 

14.5 

18-24 year5 .................................................................................................. 

25.34 yeast .................................................................................................. 

35.44 years .................................................................................................. 

l 

97.7 

93.8 

100.1 

99.3 

92.3 

89.9 

87.7 

92.1 

l . 

2.34 5.0 

3.98 15.7 

4.24 12.6 

3.31 11.9 

2.06 16.2 

72.6 3.34 12.0 72.7 1.17 12.3 72.5 

81.1 2.70 13.8 78.0 1.39 13.6 74.6 

86.4 2.76 11.7 86.3 1.54 13.4 88.5 

91.7 3.32 16.2 93.7 4.85 17.4 93.1 

87.0 2.42 12.0 89.4 4.96 14.5 92.5 

92.7 2.06 16.3 83.5 1.92 12.8 90.6 

. . . 85.7 

. . . 87.2 

. . 84.5 

. . . . . . 84.8 

. . . . 87.1 

. . . 83.6 

. . . . 85.9 

. . . . 87.0 

. . . . . 84.4 

1.35 

1.78 

4.63 

4.89 

!3.78 

6.78 

. 

. . . 

8.9 

9.0 

17.0 

11.2 

16.6 

14.5 

. . 

. . 

. . . 

45-54 years .................................................................................................. 

55-64 Yeats .................................................................................................. 

65.74 years.................................................................................................. 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 yearr.........................................,................................ 

Males.18-74..............................................,,...,,.....,,...,,,......,...,,.............. 

Females, 18-74 years........................................,....,.,,.,.,..,.,.................... 

NOTICS: For those uxaminres 7.17 years education is that of the head ofhousuhold:for those examinees 18.74 years education is that ofthe examiner.Examineeswere 

excluded when the educatkrn level was unknown. 

sp = slandard error of the mean,sx = standard deviation. 

68 
Table 37. Systolic and diastolic blood prerrure of perranr 7-74 year& by population density, sex, and age-mean, rrandard error of the mean, nandard deviation,and agwdjurted values: United 

states. 1971.1974 

Blood ~ress"re,rex,andage 

f Systolic 

Both rexes, 7-74 vearr ...................................................................................................... 

7-11 vearr ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 vearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

BloodDrerrure (mm.Hg) 

122.9 0.43 22.4 124.0 

= =: 

1.09 

- 

- 

t 

22.0 125.1 0.73 

= = = 

22.2 125.f 

101.3 0.58 11.9 102.0 

111.7 0.97 13.3 112.8 

118.2 0.85 13.5 118.L 

119.4 0.79 15.1 11: 

124.4 0.76 18.3 127.4 

132.8 1.13 22.4 133.6 

142.4 1.57 25.6 141.6 

148.1 1.17 24.3 149.9 

1.73 12.3 106.1 0.94 12.1 

0.76 13.0 114.3 1.13 14.2 

0 90 13.8 118.1 0.94 14.1 

1.09 14.9 120.1 0.87 13.0 

1.05 17.9 124.0 1.17 15.0 

2.88 21.9 133.8 1.98 24.9 

1.67 22.6 142.5 2.65 22.8 

1.65 25.5 151.2 2.22 25.7 

105.: 

114.f 

122.f 

126.f 

135.f 

141.f 

161.: 

123.8 0.54 20.6 125.7 0.89 20.4 126.7 0.94 19.4 126.f 

0.7f 21.9 

= 

1.0; 

0.91 

0.8; 

0.7f 

0.9; 

1.66 

1.4f 

1.2: 

11.8 

14.1 

13.6 

14.6 

17.5 

22.6 

22.5 

25.3 

0.9i 

- 

O.QE 

1.24 

1.24 

O.QE 

1.21 

2.4E 

2.1S 

1.39 

20.6 

11.7 

14.4 

13.2 

13.7 

15.1 

23.2 

20.0 

2.48 

D.72 

- 

1.46 

I.84 

l.w 

3.80 

1.21 

1.76 

I .Ql 

1.62 

23.0 

11.8 

13.7 

13.2 

13.7 

19.3 

22.0 

24.4 

25.3 

1.40 

= 

13.7 

= 

1.92 9.7 

I.62 10.3 

1.59 10.6 

I.42 10.8 

1.55 12.1 

1.88 13.8 

I.86 12.5 

I.64 12.8 

1.50 

- 

1.75 

1.61 

I.88 

1.74 

1.97 

1.37 

1.13 

1.59 

13.9 

- 

9.5 

10.7 

10.2 

10.1 

11.7 

15.1 

11.7 

13.2 

I.47 13.5 

- - 

1.23 9.7 

1.82 9.9 

I.73 10.4 

9.50 10.4 

I.74 12.3 

I.82 12.1 

1.04 13.2 

1.83 12.5 

45.54 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

55-64 vearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 vearl ....................................................................................................................................... 

Males, 7-74 vearr .................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 YeaR ......................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 wars.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

0.74 

1.07 

1.30 

1.19 

1.44 

1.34 

1.76 

2.24 

0.58 

- 

1.19 

1.12 

0.91 

0.7s 

1.06 

1.83 

11.7 

13.4 

12.1 

14.6 

15.7 

20.4 

20.9 

24.8 

24.1 

- 

12.0 

12.9 

12.4 

14.2 

20.1 

24.3 

28.9 

23.7 

13.8 

= 

9.3 

9.6 

10.0 

11.0 

126 

13.5 

13.0 

12.5 

102.1 

114.3 

122.7 

125.5 

130.4 

136.5 

141.1 

146.3 

122.6 

101.9 

111.6 

114.9 

117.2 

124.4 

131.1 

142.0 

152.6 

124.2 

125.7 

122.9 

77.7 

= 

64.0 

69.9 

73.5 

78.3 

84.5 

85.6 

85.4 

84.5 

1.47 

1.11 

1.29 

1.27 

1.69 

2.47 

2.43 

1.84 

1.38 

- 

2.20 

0.82 

1.06 

1.01 

1.42 

3.42 

2.22 

2.08 

0.89 

- 

- 

1.5, 

1.09 

0.89 

0.50 

0.83 

1.66 

1.21 

1 01 

1.22 

0.87 

0.99 

0.63 

0.97 

1.45 

1.86 

1.46 

1.17 

- 

198 

1.41 

1.38 

0.70 

106 

1.88 

1.60 

0.84 

11.6 

12.6 

13.8 

13.6 

16.0 

18.5 

21.3 

24.8 

23.3 

- 

13.0 

13.2 

13.0 

14.9 

19.2 

24.2 

23.5 

25.7 

13.8 

- 

- 

10.3 

9.6 

11.0 

10.7 

12.8 

13.8 

12.1 

13.3 

13.7 

- 

9.0 

9.6 

10.6 

9.8 

11.2 

12.3 

13.6 

13.9 

13.7 

- 

11.3 

9.3 

11.0 

10.7 

13.3 

14.3 

10.9 

12.8 

106.1 

116.5 

123.3 

124.2 

126.2 

130.6 

142.9 

146.2 

124.7 

- 

106.2 

112.3 

113.0 

116.6 

122.3 

137.0 

142.1 

154.3 

124.4 

125.2 

123.8 

77.6 

- 

64.7 

70.0 

73.6 

76.5 

80.8 

85.1 

87.2 

85.4 

78.8 

- 

64.6 

71.4 

76.1 

79 2 

83.4 

85.4 

880 

85.4 

76.5 

- 

64.8 

68.6 

71.0 

74.3 

78.7 

84.9 

85.4 

85.5 

77.3 

78.6 

76.2 

1.25 

1.65 

1.51 

1.41 

2.23 

1.79 

3.12 

2.45 

0.93 

- 

1.51 

1.59 

1.26 

0.90 

0.81 

3.83 

3.91 

2.81 

0.37 

- 

- 

0.97 

0.63 

0.64 

0.74 

0.53 

1.18 

1.44 

116 

1.45 

1.22 

0.82 

1.30 

1.22 

1.25 

1.78 

1.00 

03 

- 

0.95 

0.86 

0.70 

0.85 

0.8, 

1.71 

1.82 

1.63 

12.0 

14.8 

12.9 

11.6 

13.3 

17.6 

21.4 

24.0 

24.6 

105.5 

1162 

123.5 

127.f 

,27.3 

137.9 

138.E 

14B.g 

124.7 

100.4 

113.4 

123.9 

123.9 

126.7 

134.1 

138.3 

146.3 

18.24 year~..........................................,,.......,......,,......,,......,................,,......,.......,,,......,,......,,......,.. 

Female% 7-74 yeao ................................................................................................................ 

7-l 1 yearr............................................................................~~ ........................................................... 

12.17 yeaT) ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

12.3 

13.3 

13.3 

13.1 

16.1 

30.3 

24.2 

26.1 

13.3 

= 

9.8 

9.8 

9.9 

10.9 

104.4 

113.7 

117.6 

117.9 

124.8 

134.0 

144.2 

153.9 

125.6 

:26.6 

124.7 

78.6 

- 

66.4 

70.2 

74.3 

78.1 

82.6 

86.6 

87.4 

86.4 

79.8 

- 

67.2 

70.3 

76.6 

82.6 

83.9 

E.E 

85.6 

77.4 

- 

65.6 

70.1 

72.0 

76.0 

81.3 

84.2 

87.2 

87.1 

78.6 

79.8 

77.5 

102.3 

109.6 

112.8 

114.9 

122.3 

131.6 

146.3 

149.4 

123.1 

124.1 

122.0 

77.1 

= 

63.4 

69.1 

73.8 

76.6 

81.4 

84.9 

86.9 

86.0 

78.1 

45-54 year* ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 ye~n ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

Ageediurred valuer: 

0.32 

= 

0.49 

0.57 

0.63 

0.65 

0.71 

0.70 

0.84 

0.58 

Both rexer. 7-74 yearr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3644 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

55-84 yes,* ...................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 yelps ....................................................................................................................................... 

tvwer. 7.74 yel,* ................................................................................................................... 

7.1 1 yeBTI ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 yeast ....................................................................................................................................... 

12.8 

63.6 

69.8 

76.8 

79.9 

83.6 

0.75 

0.70 

1.08 

1.05 

1.13 

0.75 

1.16 

1.07 

0.38 

9.4 

9.7 

9.6 

10.8 

11.9 

12.4 

12.1 

12.3 

64.4 

71.6 

75.6 

81.3 

88.1 

892 

86.5 

84.5 

75.8 

10.2 

9.6 

9.5 

96 

9.2 

10.3 

11.8 

13.6 

13.6 

25.34 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 year) ....................................................................................................................................... 

46.54 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 yeBn ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

Femaler, 7.74 yean ................................................................................................................ 

7.1 1 "eaTI ......................................................................................................................................... 

12-17 ~~a,s ...................................................................................................................................... 

85.2 

86.0 

76.1 

- 

63.1 

68.1 

71.2 

73.4 

79.4 

83.3 

88.4 

86.0 

77.2 

78.3 

76.1 

0.7, 

0.72 

0.49 

0.40 

0.70 

1.05 

1.00 

0.60 

9.2 

9.5 

9.4 

10.2 

12.8 

14.2 

13.5 

12.6 

63.7 

68.5 

71.8 

75.5 

80.7 

82.5 

84.6 

846 

77.8 

79.7 

76.1 

9.2 

9.9 

97 

11.3 

10.4 

15.1 

12.2 

13.8 

Age.ad,"rted ".IY.I: 

80th lexel ................................................................................................................................... 

rmer ........................................................................................................................................... 

Femaler ....................................................................................................................................... 

NOTE:rz = strndnrderrorofdx mean,sx = standard deentwn 

69 
,and age-mean.standa,d e,,o,ofthemean,standard deviation,sndagi-adj"stednlues: United 

-1974 

Table 38.Syrtolicand diasrolic blood p,es~",e of white perranr 7-74 years. by pop"lation densny, 

states. 1 

Blood pressure. rex,and age 

sex, 

971 

- 

E 

I' 

“*an areas 

U,ban not in 

More than Lessthan urbanized are9 Rural area 

1.000.000 persons 1.000.000 persons 

L&-an SE sx Mean $2 s, Mea" sz s, Mean sx s, 

S"*rollc Blood p,ess",e imm.Hg) 

sort! sexes. 7.74 yea,* ...................................................................................................... 122.9 I.48 z2.0 23.9 1.09 z1.5 24.7 I.82 

= = = = = = = = 

7-11 years ........................................................................................................................................ 

12-17 years ..................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ..................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 yea,* ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

Males. 7.74 years .................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 VeQrS.. ....................................................................................................................................... 

12.1 7 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18-24 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years.. .................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 yea,* ....................................................................................................................................... 

46.54 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

65.64 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

65-74 years.. .................................................................................................................................... 

Females, 7.74 years ................................................................................................................ 

7-l 1 years ........................................................................................................................................ 

12-17 years.. .................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

2534 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 vears ....................................................................................................................................... 

45-54 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

65.64 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 years.. ..................................................................................................................................... 

Age.adj"rted YBIUBS: 

80th sexes ................................................................................................................................... 

Male* ........................................................................................................................................... 

Females ...................................................................................................................................... 

Dlartol IC 

101.5 I.63 11.9 01.6 1.61 12.3 05.6 1.18 

112.1 3.97 13.2 12.8 1.69 13.0 14.4 1.20 

118.6 1.07 13.2 18.9 1.97 13.8 18.1 1.61 

118.5 3.90 14.8 20.7 1.12 14.6 20.0 1.98 

123.4 3.75 18.0 26.1 1.05 16.5 '23.6 1.26 

131.8 1.24 '1.6 32.8 2.86 Z0.8 '30.4 1.19 

142.4 1.48 25.6 40.2 1.61 11.7 41.7 2.87 

147.0 1.34 23.1 149.0 1.71 Z5.2 850.5 2.13 

124.0 3.56 20.3 126.0 125.6 

100.4 0.89 11.6 102.7 

113.7 1.01 13.1 114.2 

123.8 1.45 12.0 123.3 

123.4 1.39 14.6 125.2 

125.7 1.49 15.1 129.2 

134.1 1.48 19.8 136.7 

138.9 1.59 20.3 140.5 

146.6 2.44 24.8 145.3 

1.96 19.9 

- - 

I .39 11.6 

1.13 12.6 

1.26 13.3 

1.29 13.6 

1.77 14.8 

2.59 18.8 

2.05 ZO.8 

1.83 z4.3 

105.4 

i17.0 

123.4 

124.0 

125.9 

129.6 

142.4 

145.0 

121.7 Cl.68 23.7 122.0 

102.8 1.23 12.2 100.7 

109.8 1.28 13.0 Ill.6 

113.2 1 .os 12.1 114.9 

113.8 0.91 13.4 116.5 

121.3 1.19 20.1 122.6 

129.5 1.79 23.1 129.6 

145.7 1.75 29.4 139.9 

148.0 0.97 21.7 151.6 

1.35 22.6 

- - 

2.18 12.7 

1 .oo 13.2 

1.04 13.0 

1.11 14.2 

1.29 17.6 

3.49 21.8 

2.24 22.3 

2.43 25.5 

124.0 

105.9 

112.0 

113.4 

116.6 

121.6 

131.1 

140.9 

153.7 

122.7 

124.0 

121.4 

123.6 

125.5 

121.9 

123.7 

124.9 . 

122.7 . 

Both sexes. 7.74 "ears .................................................................................................... 76.9 13.6 77.5 0.88 13.5 

= = = 

77.4 

- 

7.11 years ........................................................................................................................................ 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 yea,s ...................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ...................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 years .................................................................................................................................... 

55-M years ...................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 years .................................................................................................................................... 

63.5 0.62 

68.8 0.59 

74.0 0.74 

75.9 0.73 

80.6 0.68 

84.1 0.71 

85.5 

9.3 63.8 1.52 10.3 64.4 1.02 

9.4 69.9 l.lC 9.5 69.8 0.62 

9.9 73.4 0.94 11.0 73.3 0.63 

10.7 77.8 0.64 10.3 76.9 0.65 

12.4 83.6 0.8f 12.3 80.2 0.52 

12.8 85.2 1.7i 13.7 83.8 1.2f 

12.8 84.7 1.1f 11.7 86.8 1.51 

11.9 84.0 1.1: 13.0 85.0 l.lE 

Males. 7.74 year* ................................................................................................................... 78.1 13.2 79.8 0.72 78.6 

- 

1.2f 

0.8: 

1 .oi 

1.0; 

1.0: 

1.5f 

1.6: 

1.41 

Fema,er, 7.74 yea,* .............................................................................................................. 

7.11 yea'l ........................................................................................................................................ 

12.,7 years ................................................................................................................................... 

18.24 years .................................................................................................................................. 

25.34 years .................................................................................................................................. 

35.44 years .................................................................................................................................. 

45.54 years ................................................................................................................................. 

55.64 years ..................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 years ................................................................................................................................... 

1.1: 

- 

2.Of 

1.41 

I.11 

0.7' 

l.l( 

1.9: 

1.61 

1.12 

13.5 

- 

9.1 

9.7 

10.E 

9.4 

10.E 

12.4 

13.2 

13.5 

13.: 

- 

11.1 

9.1 

1O.f 

10.‘ 

12.f 

13.f 

10.r 

12.: 

- 

64.3 

70.9 

76.0 

79.3 

82.7 

84.7 

88.7 

84.5 

75.7 0.41 

- - 

63.4 0.79 

67.7 0.88 

70.9 0.65 

72.5 0.44 

78.5 0.84 

81.8 0.97 

88.1 0.99 

85.3 0.63 

13.6 

- 

9.3 

9.2 

9.1 

9.5 

12.6 

13.4 

13.5 

11.6 

75.4 76.3 

- 

62.9 

68.7 

71.3 

75.0 

79.1 

81.6 

84.0 

83.9 

64.5 

68.8 

70.8 

74.7 

78.1 

82.9 

84.9 

85.2 

Age-ad,"sted values' Both sexes ................................................................................................................................. 

Male* ........................................................................................................................................ 

Femaler ................................................................................................................................. 

NOTI:: si = rtandrrd err", uffhr rnern.~,~ = rtandnrd drvi~lion. 

76.7 

78.0 

75.4 

.., 

77.4 

79.5 

75.5 

- 

77.0 

78.2 

76.6 

1.91 

- 

1.38 

I.92 

1.44 

1.51 

2.10 

1.92 

3.21 

2.54 

1.08 

- 

1.95 

1.66 

1.17 

1.97 

1.07 

2.09 

1.05 

2.94 

0.39 

= 

0.5f 

- 

1.45 

1.1: 

0.9: 

1.4f 

1 .o; 

1.1; 

1.8; 

0.9: 

0.5; 

- 

1.11 

0.9; 

0.7: 

0.6: 

0.8I 

1.8‘ 

1.81 

1.7! 

- 

21.2 21.4 

= 

126.3 1.69 

= 

12.3 105.2 1.08 11.9 

14.4 115.0 1.93 14.1 

14.0 120.9 1.88 13.3 

I2.9 122.0 1.79 14.3 

14.6 125.6 1.02 17.3 

18.7 134.6 1.64 21.5 

22.8 141.2 1.40 22.1 

25.3 150.3 1.13 24.8 

19.1 126.3 3.95 

- - - 

12.1 106.1 I .oo 

IS.0 116.3 1.29 

12.9 124.1 1.29 

11.7 127.2 1.04 

12.7 127.0 1.23 

16.1 136.0 2.06 

21.5 138.3 2.24 

z2.2 147.0 1.31 

20.0 

- 

11.8 

14.5 

13.1 

13.8 

16.0 

21.0 

24.2 

22.9 

- 

12.6 

13.4 

13.3 

13.0 

15.6 

20.9 

24.0 

26.4 

124.4 1.67 

- 

1.50 

I.78 

1.99 

1.81 

1.27 

I.83 

1.66 

1.56 

22.6 

104.4 

113.6 

117.8 

117.6 

124.2 

133.5 

144.0 

153.2 

11.9 

13.6 

12.8 

13.3 

19.0 

21.9 

23.8 

24.9 

. 

. . 

12.9 

= 

10.0 

9.8 

9.9 

10.1 

9.4 

12.2 

12.1 

13.5 

12.5 

- 

10.4 

9.3 

9.7 

92 

E 

ll.f 

13.: 

13.1 

- 

9.4 

10.1 

9.f 

10.1 

9.; 

14.: 

12.1 

13.; 

. , 

- 

125.2 . . 

126.2 . . . 

124.5 . 

78.4 0.41 

- = 

13.4 

= 

66.5 O.QE 9.7 

70.2 0.6C 10.4 

74.3 0.64 10.5 

78.9 0.4: 10.6 

82.1 0.6C 11.9 

85.9 0.8: 13.2 

87.0 0.7s 12.1 

86.0 0.7: 12.6 

79.7 

67.3 

70.4 

76.7 

82.5 

2:: 

87.1 

85.1 

0.4; 13.5 

- - 

0.7: 9.5 

0.6f 10.7 

0.94 10.0 

0.75 10.0 

0.9s 11.7 

1.2f 14.3 

l.ld 11.4 

0.7c 12.7 

77.2 13.2 

65.7 

70.1 

72.0 

80.7 

83.6 

86.8 

86.8 

0.4f 

- 

1.31 

0.8f 

0.8f 

0.5: 

0.8' 

0.8: 

0.81 

0.81 

9.8 

10.1 

10.4 

10.1 

12.0 

11.7 

12.8 

12.4 

78.3 

79.6 

77.2 

. 

- 

70 
~=ble 39. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro persons 7-74 years, by population density 

United States, 1 

- 

'.sex. and age-mean, standard error of the mean. standard deviation, and age-adjusted values: 

971-1974 

Urbanarea 

m 

Urban nor I” 

urbanimd area Rural area 

Blood pressure. rex,and age 

Sy*tallc Bloodprerture (mm. Hg) 

Both sexes. 7-74 "ear* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.3 0.91 

1.40 

1.39 

1 .Ql 

0.97 

1.94 

3.14 

2.92 

3.03 

1.07 

26.3 

= 

12.7 

13.2 

14.8 

16.2 

22.3 

33.3 

25.8 

26.3 

23.8 

129.4 1 2.55 30.2 129.2 1.61 26.9 

= 

10.5 104.8 1.47 10.7 

11.8 114.6 2.1 14.2 

15.3 119.2 1.75 15.2 

13.9 128.0 2.54 15.4 

19.4 135.2 2.61 19.6 

43.5 152.8 9.3i 30.4 

18.9 146.8 6.27 28.0 

27.9 162.0 6.26 28.4 

22.7 130.8 2.25 26.8 

- 

9.2 104.8 1.64 10.4 

10.1 114.7 2.85 13.7 

14.0 122.2 2.80 13.9 

9.1 131.2 3.86 12.2 

15.7 136.8 4.33 14.9 

24.9 160.8 2.16 33.6 

14.3 145.8 5.22 22.3 

33.6 161.9 6.41 28.2 

35.3 

- 

10.8 

12.8 

13.6 

13.9 

21.2 

47.1 

21.0 

20.9 

127.7 

104.8 

114.5 

115.6 

123.9 

134.3 

143.0 

147.7 

162.1 

2.39 

- 

1.68 

3.75 

2.07 

1.96 

3.39 

3.93 

3.33 

5.64 

26.9 

11.0 

14.6 

15.9 

17.9 

21.8 

22.5 

32.4 

28.5 

. 131.0 . . . 

132.5 . 

. 129.1 . . 

79.6 1.45 16.2 80.9 1.13 

= 

. 

. 

17.0 

8.4 65.3 1.34 9.2 

9.2 69.7 1.89 9.9 

11.3 74.8 1.41 11.5 

16.8 82.2 2.18 12.4 

12.9 91.4 1.72 12.3 

13.5 98.0 5.60 17.9 

10.6 92.5 1.19 15.4 

14.8 91.0 1.63 14.9 

2.55 14.4 82.2 17.7 

9.2 66.1 

9.8 69.3 

10.7 76.6 

12.7 84.5 

10.6 91.5 

12.8 102.1 

8.3 44.7 

14.8 92.6 

1.66 

- 

2.23 

2.58 

1.74 

3.59 

2.79 

6.74 

2.62 

1.5C 

9.4 

11.0 

11.7 

11.0 

10.8 

18.5 

13.8 

16.0 

17.5 79.5 

7.7 64.3 

7.7 70.1 

11.6 72.6 

18.0 79.1 

14.3 91.4 

12.4 92.9 

11.6 90.5 

14.5 89.8 

1.65 

- 

1.M 

2.01 

2.M 

1.8: 

2.2f 

6.14 

7.6: 

2.2: 

16.2 

8.9 

8.7 

10.9 

13.4 

13.0 

15.5 

16.5 

14.0 

. . 82.5 

83.7 

. 81.0 

. . 

. 

- 

. 

lW.2 

10~9.8 

115.6 

123.7 

130.6 

139.7 

145.6 

156.1 

16.1 126.8 2.53 

19.4 136.4 3.17 

25.8 144.4 12.31 

24.8 158.3 6.79 

30.2 161.2 5.83 

123.2 

- 

100.4 1.95 

110.9 2.23 

125.1 2.55 

127.8 2.38 

136.5 3.79 

134.9 3.03 

139.3 4.22 

152.0 3.05 

22.2 123.5 

+ 

12.7 99.6 

13.2 114.4 

1.88 

2.59 11.2 

2.30 12.6 

8.55 16.8 

4.24 12.6 

4.01 20.9 

4.99 13.9 

11.22 26.0 

6.60 27.5 

123.3 1.43 

- - 

loo.0 1.92 

108.6 1.38 

111.3 1.75 

120.1 1.39 

127.2 2.18 

143.8 5.53 

149.3 4.27 

159.1 4.64 

28.1 1 127.6 ! 3.04 

10.9 loa.1 2.80 

11.8 112.3 3.33 

13.9 115.7 2.91 

16.8 124.4 230 

19.6 133.5 4.48 

26.4 152.0 18.16 

25.8 166.3 6.80 

33.2 163.8 6.71 

125.8 . 

126.4 . 

125.7 

130.4 . . . 

127.8 . . 

132.6 

78.4 0.61 15.5 79.3 1.30 

109.2 2.68 

112.6 3.51 

118.6 4.34 

121.1 2.35 

126.4 5.47 

158.6 11.11 

157.0 8.49 

158.1 6.60 

127.8 4.33 

112.0 3.38 

110.1 3.80 

124.9 5.46 

129.4 2.75 

122.7 44.73 

137.5 8.74 

155.9 55.28 

154.9 1397 

130.8 4.91 

107.3 2.63 

114.6 4.31 

111.7 3.75 

116.4 2.61 

129.1 5.15 

185.6 23.61 

157.6 15.92 

161.0 206 

130.1 . 

128.4 . 

133.8 . . . 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18-24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

35-44 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 VeQrs ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 ve=rs ....................................................................................................................................... 

Males. 7-74 velrs .................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 years ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

18-24 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 yean ....................................................................................................................................... 

28.0 

- 

12.7 

13.6 

13.3 

18.1 

22.8 

40.7 

22.3 

25.1 

16.0 

= 

10.5 

9.7 

11.4 

12.3 

14.3 

14.5 

13.8 

14.7 

15.9 

45-54 velrr....................................................................................................................................... 

66-74 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

Females, 7-74 years ............................................................................................................... 

7.11 yeQn ........................................................................................................................................ 

12-17 ve=rs ...................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

35.44 vears ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 yea,* ....................................................................................................................................... 

5564 ye=,* ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 y~~rs..........................,,................,......,.................................................................................... 

Age.adiurted values: 

Both sexes................................................................................................................................... 

Males . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................... 

Femaler....................................................................................................................................... 

CJiastolic 

80th sexes, 7-74 yews ...................................................................................................... 

7.11 years ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 y**,*..............................................................................................." ...................................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25.34 ~ears.....................................~ ................................................................................................ 

62.7 1.22 

70.3 1.03 

73.3 0.87 

80.6 0.75 

88.5 1.67 

88.9 1.88 

90.5 1.98 

80.0 1.59 

78.7 0.60 

9.7 t 65.0 1 2.09 66.3 

70.3 

76.0 

2.51 

2.10 

2.33 

4.51 

3.86 

2.63 

3.67 

3.26 

10.0 70.6 1.52 

10.3 74.8 2.81 

11.7 83.5 2.72 

12.7 so.4 1.92 

15.9 90.8 3.83 

13.7 92.5 4.36 

15.7 91.2 2.w 

73.7 

86.4 

95.3 

93.7 

so.3 

3544 veers..................................................,.................................................................................... 

45.54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

55.64 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

85-74 VB~,S ....................................................................................................................................... 

Male*, 7.74 ye=,* .................................................................................................................... 

7-11 years ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17yearr.. .................................................................................................. ..- ............................... 

18.24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 year* ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

45.54 year* ....................................................................................................................................... 

5564yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 ye=,* ....................................................................................................................................... 

15.1 I 79.4 I 1.39 80.8 

83.1 

70.6 

76.3 

83.1 

90.8 

K 

89.1 

1.92 

1.46 

1.50 

1.67 

223 

1.38 

3.93 

1.48 

10.1 62.1 

9.7 73.1 

8.7 75.0 

11.1 88.3 

10.9 93.4 

15.7 86.5 

14.7 94.5 

11.7 so.2 

2.40 

1.42 

3.32 

4.w 

2.96 

3.78 

7.42 

2.64 

8.5 

8.8 

8.1 

11.9 

14.0 

9.8 

14.3 

13.0 

78.1 1.07 15.9 1 79.3 1 1.83 16.0 

65.8 3.31 

73.3 3.53 

76.4 2.75 

79.0 6.96 

85.7 31.19 

91.0 4.72 

95.7 34.12 

92.2 5.47 

78.5 1.28 

66.0 2.92 I 67.5 2.20 

73.4 3.21 

70.6 5.62 

86.8 4.04 

lW.8 5.27 

92.7 7.40 

88.5 5.30 

80.5 ,. 

81.4 

80.2 

62.2 1.48 

69.8 1.35 

71.4 0.92 

78.2 0.85 

84.0 1.76 

91.4 3.67 

90.0 1.92 

90.6 2.57 

79.8 . 

80.8 . . 

79.2 . . 

11.5 

10.0 

13.0 

11.4 

14.2 

16.5 

13.3 

15.8 

.I. 

. 

7-11 ye*rr ......................................................................................................................................... 

12.17 years ........................................................................................................................ _. ............ 

18-24 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

25-34 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

3544 years......................................................................................................" ............................... 

45-54 years ....................................................................................................................................... 

5564yearr ....................................................................................................................................... 

65.74 yearr........................................................................................................................- .............. 

Age-adjurtedvaluer: 

Both sexes ................................................................................................................................... 

M&S ........................................................................................................................................... 

Females ....................................................................................... ..." ...................... . ................... 

71 
Table 40. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with definite hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

ldjr Asted values: United States 371-1974 

Tage-a 

T All races’ White Negro 

Rate Stand- Popu- Rate Stand- Popu- Rate Stand- p’opuPer ard lation per ard lation per ard lation 

‘I 00 error in 100 error in 100 error in 

per- of thou- per- of thou- per- of thousons rate sands sons rate sands sons rate sands 

Sex and age 

Both sexes 

12-l 7 years . . . . . .._.................................................... 0.8 0.20 206 0.7 0.22 145 1.2 0.72 40 

18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

4564 years.. .......................................................... 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

‘IS.1 

= 

3.1 

6.6 

‘15.5 

24.2 

33.2 

40.7 

0.58 23,171 

0.58 738 

0.67 1,777 

1.12 3,492 

1.64 5,702 

1.66 6,257 

1.60 5,205 

17.0 

C 

3.1 

5.8 

13.6 

22.2 

31.4 

39.3 

0.57 19,359 28.2 

C 

3.7 

13.7 

32.0 

44.0 

52.6 

55.1 

1.75 3,672 

0.65 632 

0.65 1,373 

1.09 2,738 

1.59 4,710 

1.59 5,354 

1.72 4,551 

1.06 106 

2.86 401 

3.85 696 

6.31 975 

5.24 865 

3.87 628 

Males 

12-17 years.. .......................................................... 

18-74 years ................................................. 

1.1 

19.2 

0.37 

0.77 

140 1.0 0.39 0.2 0.17 

11,656 18.5 0.84 

115 

10,000 27.8 2.33 

3 

1,595 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 4.8 1.10 544 4.9 1.29 485 4.6 1.77 59 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 9.1 1.34 1.159 8.2 1.28 912 17.7 5.98 244 

3544 years.. .......................................................... 18.9 1.92 2,043 17.3 1.97 1,706 38.2 6.55 313 

45-54 years ............................................................ 26.8 2.12 3,022 25.8 2.06 2,611 36.8 7.95 401 

55-64 years ............................................................ 32.3 2.18 2,875 31.1 2.14 2,529 49.9 7.86 335 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 36.6 1.74 2,014 35.3 1.85 1,757 50.1 4.28 243 

Females 

12-17 years.. .......................................................... 0.5 

17.1 

0.24 67 0.3 

15.7 

0.16 29 

9,359 

2.2 1.44 37 

18-74 years ................................................. 0.76 11,515 0.72 28.6 2.28 2,077 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 

2534 years.. .......................................................... 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

45-54 years.. .......................................................... 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 years.. .................................. 

Males, 18-74 years.. .......................................... 

Females, 18-74 years.. ...................................... 

1.6 

4.4 

12.3 

21.9 

34.0 

43.9 

0.31 194 1.4 0.30 147 2.9 1.06 47 

0.51 618 3.7 0.57 461 10.2 1.95 157 

1.01 1,449 10.1 0.94 1,033 28.3 4.71 383 

1.91 2,680 18.9 1.86 2,099 50.9 7.69 575 

2.08 3,382 31.7 2.02 2,825 54.5 7.11 530 

2.03 3,191 42.3 2.26 2,795 58.8 4.73 385 

. . . . . . 16.8 . . . 

. . . . . . 18.3 . . . 

. . . . . . 15.5 . . . 

. . . 30.5 . . . 

. . . 30.1 . . . 

. . . 31.2 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

lIncludes all other races. 

72 
Table 41. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with blood pressure of at least 105 mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with 

standard errors of rate and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 - 

I- Ail races1 White Negro 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

Rate Standper ard 

100 error 

per- of 

sons rate 

Popu- Rate 

lation per 

in 100 

thou- perper 

100 

persons 

27 . 

4,660 

0.20 101 

0.27 246 

0.67 862 

0.94 1,509 

0.90 1,161 

0.62 782 

11.1 

C 

0.6 

5.4 

11.2 

24.2 

19.0 

16.0 

0.32 

2.21 

2.79 

5.36 

3.89 

2.41 

1,449 

E 

18 

157 

243 

537 

312 

182 

6 

2,632 11.2 1.91 640 ’ 

Sex and age 

Both sexes 

0.1 

4.8 

= 

0.5 

1.5 

5.0 

8.7 

8.0 

7.6 

0.0 

5.5 

12-l 7 years ............................................................ 

18-74 years.. .......................................... 

0.08 

0.32 

0.04 

0.47 

0.07 

0.34 

27 

6,172 

0.18 119 

0.32 403 

0.72 1,130 

1.05 2,048 

0.93 1,505 

0.64 968 

0.04 6 

0.45 3,307 

0.1 

4.1 

Z 

0.5 

1.0 

4.3 

7.1 

6.8 

6.8 

0.1 

4.9 

0.7 0.33 82 0.8 0.38 76 0.5 0.53 6 

2.4 0.70 308 1.7 0.55 185 8.9 5.28 123 

6.0 1.14 653 5.3 1.17 524 12.7 5.76 104 

9.8 1.37 1,106 8.9 1.26 899 18.8 6.33 205 

8.4 1.57 743 7.4 1.59 599 20.7 7.32 139 

7.5 0.88 415 7.0 0.89 349 12.8 2.54 62 

0.2 

4.3 

0.13 20 20 

0.38 2,866 

0.2 

3.4 

0.15 

0.35 2,028 11.1 1.57 809 

18-24 years ............................................................ 

2534 years ............................................................ 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

45-54 years ............................................................ 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

Males 

12-I 7 years.. .......................................................... 

18-74 years ................................................. 

18-24 years ............................................................ 

25-34 years ............................................................ 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

45-54 years ............................................................ 

55-64 years ............................................................ 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

Females 

12-I 7 years.. .......................................................... 

18-74 years ................................................. 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

45-54 years ............................................................ 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 years.. .................................. 

Males, 18-74 years.. .......................................... 

Females, 18-74 years.. ...................................... 

0.11 36 0.2 0.11 25 0.7 0.41 11 

0.19 95 0.5 0.17 61 2.2 0.96 34 

0.61 477 3.3 0.60 338 10.3 2.20 139 

1.36 942 5.5 1.12 610 29.4 7.48 332 

1.20 762 6.3 1.22 562 17.8 4.92 173 

0.69 553 6.6 0.72 433 18.4 3.20 120 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 4.0 . . . 

. . . 4.8 . . . 

. . . 3.4 . . . 

. . . 12.0 . . . . . . 

. . . 11.9 . . . . . . 

. . . 12.3 . . . ..* 

0.3 

0.7 

4.1 

7.7 

7.7 

7.6 

lIncludes all other races. 

73 
Table 42. Rate and number of persons 12-74 years with borderline hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

age-adjusted values: United States, 197111974. 

I All races1 White T -- 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Rate 

per 

100 

persons 

-- 

5.6 

18.3 

Stand- Popu- Rate Stand- Popuard lation per ard lation 

error in 100 error in 

of thou- per- of thourate sands sons rate sands 

Rate 

per 

100 

perStandard 

error 

of 

rate 

Sex and age 

Both sexes 

12-17 years.. .......................................................... 

18-74 years.. .......................................... 

0.83 

0.54 

1,392 

23,413 

5.4 

18.7 

0.83 

0.61 

1,160 

21.207 

6.0 

15.8 

1.58 

1.17 

201 

2.052 

18-24 years ............................................................ 9.3 0.90 2,186 9.7 1.02 1,949 7.5 1.65 21% 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 13.0 0.90 3,488 12.8 1.01 3,023 15.3 2.64 447 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 16.5 1.12 3,731 16.1 1.18 3,234 21.8 4.14 475 

45-54 years.. .......................................................... 22.8 1.12 5,360 23.7 1.26 5,018 14.1 2.87 313 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 25.7 1.39 4,839 26.3 1.49 4,484 19.0 3.52 312 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 29.8 1.22 3,809 30.2 1.30 3,499 25.3 2.71 288 

Males 

12-l 7 years.. .......................................................... 7.3 1.10 

18-74 years ................................................. 21.3 0.82 

931 

12,900 

7.3 

21.9 

1.14 

0.94 

800 6.8 2.25 

11,845 17.6 2.14 

113 

1,009 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 14.0 1.45 1,592 14.7 1.71 1,452 10.6 3.13 137 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 19.0 1.56 2,424 19.4 1.79 2,167 17.7 6.05 244 

3544 years.. .......................................................... 18.7 2.03 2,016 18.6 1.94 1,833 22.4 8.41 184 

45-54 years.. .......................................................... 26.3 1.69 2,963 27.5 1.91 2,779 17.0 3.77 185 

5564 years.. .......................................................... 26.2 2.29 2,325 26.9 2.39 2,188 18.1 4.59 122 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 28.7 1.50 1,580 28.7 1.63 1,427 28.6 4.19 139 

Females 

12-17 years.. .......................................................... 3.8 

18-74 years ................................................. 15.6 

0.78 

0.57 

461 

10,513 

3.4 

15.7 

0.75 

0.57 

360 

9,362 

5.3 

14.3 

2.34 87 

1.76 1,043 

.- 

81 

203 

291 

129 

190 

149 

. . . 

. . . 

..a 

18-24 years.. .......................................................... 

25-34 years.. .......................................................... 

35-44 years.. .......................................................... 

45-54 years.. .......................................................... 

55-64 years.. .......................................................... 

65-74 years.. .......................................................... 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes, 18-74 years.. .................................. 

Males, 18-74 years.. .......................................... 

Females, 18-74 years.. ...................................... 

4.9 

7.6 

14.6 

19.5 

25.3 

30.6 

0.66 594 4.8 

0.87 1,064 6.9 

1.05 1,715 13.7 

1.54 2,396 20.2 

1.81 2,515 25.8 

1.62 2,229 31.4 

. . . . . . 18.5 

. . . . . . 21.8 

. . . . . . 15.6 

0.74 

0.91 

1.17 

1.57 

1.90 

1.75 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

497 5.0 1.49 

855 13.2 2.13 

1,401 21.5 4.55 

2,239 11.4 4.30 

2,297 19.6 5.17 

2,072 22.7 3.10 

. . . 16.3 . . . 

. . . 18.1 . . . 

. . . 14.8 . . . 

‘Includes all other races. 

74 
Table 43. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with definite hypertension, by race, 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 

- 

T i 

All races1 II White Negro 

Percent Standof ard 

definite error 

hyper- of pertension cent 

Stand- Popu- Percent Stand- Popuard lation of ard lation 

error in definite error in 

of per- thou- hyper- of per- thoucent sands tension cent sands 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 1.29 1.51 10,955 47.2 3.87 1,729 

18-24 years .............................................. 68.5 9.45 565 66.9 10.86 422 78.1 8.91 83 

25-34 years .............................................. 65.5 5.24 1,165 69.1 6.02 948 54.0 11.52 216 

3544 years .............................................. 57.9 3.13 2,021 63.3 4.02 1,733 39.6 4.94 276 

45-54 years .............................................. 60.6 3.22 3,458 61.9 3.22 2,916 55.6 8.45 542 

55-64 years .............................................. 48.6 3.10 3,039 59.4 3.18 2,699 39.2 7.35 337 

65-74 years .............................................. 48.5 1.76 2,525 49.2 1.95 2,237 43.7 4.67 275 

Men, 18-74 years.. ......................... 62.9 1.76 7,333 64.5 2.00 6,448 54.9 5.13 876 

18-24 years .............................................. 69.5 12.62 

25-34 years .............................................. 66.9 7.57 

3544 years .............................................. 61.6 5.18 

45-54 years .............................................. 65.1 3.82 

55-64 years .............................................. 60.4 4.13 

65-74 years .............................................. 60.5 2.24 

13.68 325 90.4 16.94 53 

8.84 649 52.0 18.35 127 

6.48 1,138 38.2 8.82 120 

3.74 1,680 71.8 10.26 288 

4.34 1,571 48.9 12.99 164 

2.32 1,085 51.0 4.70 124 

Women, 18-74 years.. ..................... 

18-24 years .............................................. 

25-34 years .............................................. 

3544 years .............................................. 

45-54 years .............................................. 

55-64 years .............................................. 

65-74 years .............................................. 

46.7 1.67 1.86 4,597 41.2 4.66 854 

65.5 

63.0 

52.6 

55.6 

38.5 

41.0 

9.27 

5.33 

4.03 

4.42 

4.49 

2.30 

378 67.0 

776 71.1 

1,258 66.8 

1,967 64.3 

1,738 62.1 

1,216 61.9 

5,379 48.2 

127 66.4 

389 65.0 

763 57.5 

1,491 58.9 

1,301 39.9 

1.308 41.2 

12.00 98 62.6 18.33 30 

6.67 300 57.0 12.55 90 

4.57 594 40.8 6.79 156 

4.71 1,236 44.3 10.03 255 

4.71 1,128 33.0 8.36 173 

2.56 1,152 39.1 5.58 151 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes .......................................... 

Men .................................................... 

Women ............................................... 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 56.8 . . . 

. . . 64.6 . . . 

. . . 48.7 . . . 

. . . 46.7 . . . 

. . . 55.6 . . . 

. . . 40.1 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

IIncludes all other races. 

75 
Table 44. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with blood pressures of at least 105 

mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 

- 

T 

- 

lr 

- 

All races’ r White Negro 

Sex and age 

Percent 

with diastol ic 

pressure 

105 mm. 

Hg+ 

Standard 

error 

of percent 

.- 

Population 

in 

thousands 

Percent 

with diastolic 

pressure 

105 mm. 

Hg+ 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

Percent 

with diastolic 

105 mm. 

hi+ 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

Both sexes, 18-74 years ..___..... 44.0 2.68 

-- 

2,716 

-- _- 

83 

157 

468 

1,053 

567 

388 

44.2 3.60 2,062 45.1 6.34 652 

18-24 years ............................................ 70.1 18.88 

25-34 years ............................................ 39.0 9.66 

35-44 years ............................................ 41.4 6.86 

45-54 years ............................................ 514 4.70 

55-64 years ............................................ 37.8 6.73 

65-74 years ............................................ 40.1 3.43 

74.6 21.15 75 44.4 34.46 8 

45.0 13.84 110 29.7 17.52 47 

48.1 8.76 415 21.7 7.99 53 

47.5 5.69 716 62.7 11.92 336 

36.1 8.10 419 48.1 12.11 148 

41.7 4.08 326 32.9 5.91 60 

Men, 18-74 years.. ....................... 50.0 4.23 1,654 50.9 5.19 1,339 48.8 10.38 312 

18-24 years ............................................ 85.6 25.44 71 84.4 30.80 64 100.0 70.71 6 

25-34 years ............................................ 39.1 12.76 120 44.7 17.84 83 30.8 36.49 38 

35-44 years ............................................ 41.8 11.93 273 49.6 15.36 260 12.8 11.99 13 

45-54 years ............................................ 57.3 6.37 634 52.3 7.95 470 80.0 13.19 164 

55-64 years ............................................ 41.1 8.78 306 40.5 11.34 243 45.2 19.13 63 

65-74 years ............................................ 60.3 5.53 250 63.0 5.78 220 44.5 8.41 28 

Women, 18-74 years.. .................. 37.1 3.04 1,062 

_- 

13 

37 

194 

419 

261 

138 

35.6 3.25 722 42.2 7.58 340 

18-24 years ............................................ 

25-34 years ............................................ 

35-44 years ............................................ 

45-54 years ............................................ 

55-64 years ............................................ 

65-74 years ............................................ 

44.4 28.09 11 12.9 27.63 1 

45.9 23.28 28 25.6 17.97 9 

45.9 9.95 155 28.4 9.52 39 

40.4 7.62 246 52.0 14.21 173 

31.4 9.16 176 50.5 15.84 85 

24.5 4.32 106 26.9 8.69 32 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes ........................................ 

Men .................................................. 

Women ............................................. 

34.6 

38.6 

40.8 

44.5 

34.5 

25.6) 

20.01 

17.01 

7.91 

6.67 

8.68 

4.09 

. . . 

. . . 

. . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . 

-- 

42.3 . . . 

50.6 . . . 

36.0 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

44.4 

50.4 

41.4 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

‘Includes all other races. 

76 
Table 45. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with borderline hypertension, by race, 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1971-1974 - 

lSex and age 

Both sexes, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.1 

18-24 years ................................................ 87.3 

25-34 years ................................................ 82.0 

35-44 years ................................................ 82.7 

45-54 years ................................................ 79.1 

55-64 years ................................................ 70.8 

65-74 years ................................................ 60.5 

Men, 18-74 years ............................. 81.8 

18-24 years ................................................ 87.3 

25-34 years ................................................ 82.7 

35-44 years ................................................ 92.6 

45-54 years ................................................ 84.4 

55-64 years ................................................ 73.8 

65-74 years ................................................ 67.6 

Women, 18-74 years.. ...................... 69.3 

18-24 years ................................................ 87.5 

25-34 years ................................................ 80.5 

35-44 years ................................................ 71.1 

45-54 years ................................................ 72.5 

55-64 years ................................................ 68.1 

65-74 years ................................................ 55.4 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes ............................................ 

Men ...................................................... 

Women ................................................. 

Percent 

of 

borderline 

hypertension 

All races1 White 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

Percent 

of 

borderline 

hypertension 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

1.33 17,810 

2.99 1,897 

2.94 2,861 

2.87 3,087 

2.40 4,239 

3.52 3,428 

2.05 2,299 

1.48 10,529 

3.70 1,377 

3.77 2,004 

3.05 1,867 

3.10 2,502 

4.31 1,717 

2.34 1,063 

1.95 7,282 

520 

857 

1,220 

1,738 

1,711 

1,236 

76.6 1.39 16.236 70.9 3.77 

88.9 3.24 1,719 72.6 10.73 

82.4 3.04 2,491 78.4 8.25 

84.5 2.99 2,733 71.3 8.47 

79.3 2.53 3,977 74.5 7.87 

70.8 3.65 3,175 72.4 10.13 

61.3 2.18 2,141 51.8 5.02 

82.4 1.52 9,738 76.6 5.98 773 

89.3 3.98 1,284 65.7 15.54 90 

82.4 3.88 1.786 83.7 14.06 204 

93.5 3.11 1,714 83.4 13.99 153 

85.0 3.21 2,362 75.7 10.27 140 

73.6 4.42 1,610 88.1 8.32 107 

69.2 2.64 983 56.9 8.48 79 

69.4 2.14 6,498 65.5 4.42 683 

4.46 

3.23 

3.85 

4.18 

4.78 

2.90 

87.6 4.22 435 84.4 13.44 68 

82.4 3.39 705 72.2 7.26 147 

72.7 4.37 1,019 63.7 10.86 185 

72.1 4.26 1,615 72.8 16.36 94 

68.1 5.20 1,585 62.4 15.74 119 

55.9 3.04 1,158 47.1 7.12 70 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 76.8 . . . 

. . . 82.4 . . . 

. . . 69.7 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

T 

Percent 

of 

borderline 

hypertension 

70.3 

77.1 

64.0 

Negro 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

1,456 

Z 

158 

351 

338 

233 

226 

149 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

lIncludes all other races. 

77 
Table46. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of children 6-11 years, by sex and age-m,ean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles,and population 

estimates: United States. 1963-1965 

Pbpulafion 

in 

thousands 

4,098 

19,686 

Blood pressure,rex,and age Mean sx .q 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

SYSTOLIC 

Both sexes 

Blood pressure Imm. Hg) 

6 yearr .................................................................................................................... 

7-11 yearr ............................................................................................... 

107.4 

112.3 

8.7 

9.3 

0.46 

0.30 

93.3 

97.8 

95.7 

99.9 

101.1 

105.5 

107.1 

111.3 

7 YeaTs .................................................................................................................... 109.4 a.7 0.40 

8 years.. .................................................................................................................. 111.0 8.9 0.40 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 112.5 9.0 0.47 

10 VeaTo .................................................................................................................. 113.6 9.1 0.32 

11 yearr .................................................................................................................. 115.5 9.6 0.35 

107.6 

111.8 

95.7 

97.3 

99.1 

99.4 

99.7 

93.2 

97.9 

99.2 103.2 109.0 113.8 119.8 123.5 4,084 

99.4 103.9 109.8 115.6 121.3 125.9 3,986 

101.2 105.8 111.5 117.7 123.4 127.6 3,957 

101.6 107.3 113.0 119.4 125.1 129.2 3,867 

103.2 109.1 113.9 121.4 127.8 131.2 3,792 

BOYS 

- 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 8.8 0.67 95.4 

7-1 1 years ............................................................................................... 8.9 0.29 99.8 

101.3 

105.4 

7 years .................................................................................................................... 109.4 8.9 0.54 96.9 99.3 103.2 

8 years.. ................................................................................................................. 111.0 8.5 0.36 97.6 99.6 105.1 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 111.8 8.7 0.47 99.0 99.9 105.6 

10 yearr .................................................................................................................. 112.5 8.8 0.39 99.2 101.2 105.8 

11 years .................................................................................................................. 114.4 9.0 0.45 99.5 103.2 108.0 

107.3 

111.1 

107.9 

109.8 

111.2 

111.5 

113.4 

Girls 

- 

6 yearr .................................................................................................................... 99.8 

105.6 

107.2 

112.9 

- 

109.5 

110.9 

113.1 

114.8 

116.7 

8.7 0.50 

9.6 0.35 

- - 

8.6 0.46 

9.2 0.52 

9.2 0.58 

9.3 0.37 

10.0 0.57 

93.4 

97.8 

- 

96.5 

97.0 

99.3 

99.8 

99.9 

96.0 

99.9 

99.0 

99.2 

101.6 

103.1 

103.3 

103.3 

103.7 

107.2 

107.9 

109.2 

105.9 

111.6 

109.2 

109.8 

111.8 

113.4 

116.0 

DIASTOLIC 

Both sexes 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 66.4 

7-11 yearr .............................................................................................. 67.6 

8.5 

8.3 

0.81 

0.59 

51.1 

52.0 

53.9 

57.1 

59.9 67.1 

61.3 67.7 

7 years ................................................................................................................... 66.7 8.3 0.59 51.5 

B yearr ................................................................................................................... 67.6 8.4 0.73 53.2 

9 years.. ................................................................................................................. 68.1 8.3 0.62 53.1 

10 years.. ............................................................................................................... 68.6 8.1 0.64 53.8 

11 yeaTs ................................................................................................................. 67.3 8.5 0.57 51.6 

55.5 

55.9 

57.2 

57.4 

55.9 

55.5 

57.0 

59.9 67.3 

61.2 67.6 

61.7 67.9 

61.8 69.1 

61.1 67.5 

Boys 

- 

6 yea~~ ................................................................................................................... 66.4 0.66 51.3 61.1 

7-11 yearn .............................................................................................. 67.4 

66.6 

67.6 

67.6 

68.1 

67.2 

a.2 

8.3 

7.9 

8.3 

8.3 

8.1 

8.6 

0.61 61.9 

- - 

0.64 51.6 

0.62 53.3 

0.70 51.7 

0.75 53.5 

0.65 51.6 

61.3 

55.4 61.2 

57.2 61.4 

55.9 61.5 

57.4 61.5 

55.6 61.1 

67.1 

67.6 

67.3 

67.5 

67.7 

68.1 

67.5 

GldS 

- 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 66.3 

7-l 1 yea,B ............................................................................................... 67.9 

8.9 

8.4 

1.05 

0.58 

50.0 

53.1 

53.6 59.6 67.1 

57.1 61.3 67.8 

7 yeaTB .................................................................................................................... 66.9 8.6 0.61 51.4 55.6 59.8 67.4 

8 y&m .................................................................................................................... 67.5 8.4 0.90 53.1 55.6 61.0 67.7 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 68.6 8.3 0.59 53.6 57.4 61.8 69.1 

10 yearr .................................................................................................................. 69.0 8.1 0.60 54.0 57.6 63.2 69.2 

11 years .................................................................................................................. 67.5 8.4 0.59 51.7 57.1 61.1 67.5 

121.6 

127.9 

113.1 

117.7 

117.6 

123.6 

113.2 

117.3 

- 

113.5 

115.5 

117.1 

117.9 

119.5 

112.0 

119.1 

- 

114.0 

115.6 

119.1 

120.0 

123.3 

71.3 

73.1 

118.0 121.6 

121.9 127.2 

119.9 123.4 

121.2 125.3 

123.1 127.3 

123.2 127.2 

126.5 129.5 

2,082 

9,999 

.- 

2,074 

2,026 

2,012 

1,963 

1,924 

117.4 121.5 2,016 

125.3 129.4 9,687 

119.8 123.6 2,010 

121.6 127.4 1,960 

123.8 129.1 1,945 

127.3 129.9 1,904 

129.4 131.8 1,868 

77.3 79.6 4,098 

77.6 79.8 19,686 

71.4 

73.1 

73.3 

73.4 

73.1 

71.0 

71.9 

71.1 

73.0 

73.0 

73.4 

71.8 

71.5 

73.3 

77.2 79.5 4,084 

77.6 79.9 3,986 

77.6 79.8 3,957 

77.8 79.8 3,867 

77.6 79.8 3,792 

76.0 

77.4 

75.8 

77.6 

77.5 

77.6 

77.5 

77.6 

79.2 

79.7 

79.1 

81.0 

79.7 

79.7 

79.8 

79.9 

79.9 

2,082 

9,999 

2,074 

2,026 

2,012 

1,963 

1,924 

2,016 

77.7 9,687 

71.6 77.5 79.8 2,010 

73.2 77.5 79.8 1,960 

73.6 77.7 79.9 1,945 

73.6 78.0 80.0 1,904 

73.3 77.7 79.8 1,868 

- 

78 
Table 47. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of white children 6-11 years. sex and age--mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and 

population erl ~tes: UnitedStates, 1963-1965 

Percentile 

Blood presrure,rex,and age Mean 2, sx 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

- 

Population 

in 

thousands 

SYSTOLIC 

Both sexes 

Blood~ressure (mm.Hg) 

6 years ................................................................................................................... 

7-11 yearr .............................................................................................. 

107.1 8.8 0.48 93.2 95.E 100.0 121.5 3,509 

112.4 9.4 

= 

8.8 

8.9 

9.1 

9.2 

9.6 

0.29 97.8 

= 

95.6 

97.3 

99.2 

99.5 

99.7 

99.6 105.5 

- - 

- - 

995 103.2 

99.: 103.9 

10l.i 105.8 

101.6 107.3 

103.: 109.1 

105.9 

111.4 

1ll.f 

117.8 

117.5 

123.7 128.0 

7 YeaTs ................................................................................................................... 

8 years.. ................................................................................................................. 

9 years.. ................................................................................................................. 

10 years ................................................................................................................. 

11 YeaTs ................................................................................................................. 

Boys 

- 

6 year5 ................................................................................................................... 

109.4 

111.0 

112.6 

113.8 

115.6 

0.40 

0.40 

0.51 

0.30 

0.37 

109.1 113.E 119.9 123.6 

109.8 115.7 121.4 127.1 

111.6 117.E 123.4 127.8 

113.1 119.5 126.4 129.4 

113.9 121.4 127.8 131.3 

16.894 

W 

3,497 

3,413 

3,393 

3,324 

3,267 

107.2 8.8 

9.0 

0.66 93.2 

97.9 

95.3 

99.8 

101.1 

105.4 

106.0 

7.11 yearr .............................................................................................. 111.9 0.25 111.1 

112.0 

117.4 

117.7 

122.0 

121.5 1,787 

127.4 8.604 

7 years ................................................................................................................... 

8 yeast .................................................................................................................... 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

lOyears.. ................................................................................................................ 

11 years .................................................................................................................. 

Girls 

- 

109.4 8.9 0.56 95.7 99.3 103.2 108.0 113.6 119.8 123.4 1,781 

111.1 8.6 0.38 97.6 99.7 105.2 109.8 115.8 121.3 125.9 1,739 

111.9 8.7 0.46 99.1 99.9 105.5 111.3 117.4 123.1 127.2 1,730 

112.6 8.9 0.38 99.2 101.2 105.9 111.6 117.8 123.4 127.4 1,692 

114.6 9.0 0.45 99.6 103.3 109.1 113.4 119.6 125.6 129.6 1.662 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 107.1 

7-l 1 yearr...........l .................................................................................. 113.0 

8.7 0.55 93.3 96.0 99.9 117.4 1.722 

9.7 0.36 97.8 99.9 105.6 

105.7 

111.7 

111.9 

119.2 125.5 

121.5 

129.5 8,290 

7 years .................................................................................................................... 

8 years .................................................................................................................... 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

10 yean .................................................................................................................. 

11 years .................................................................................................................. 

DIASTOLIC 

109.5 8.7 0.51 95.6 99.0 103.2 109.2 114.0 119.9 123.8 1,716 

110.9 9.3 0.51 95.9 99.3 103.7 109.8 115.7 121.6 127.2 1.674 

113.3 9.4 0.67 99.3 101.6 107.2 111.9 119.2 124.0 129.4 1,663 

115.1 9.3 0.37 99.8 103.2 108.0 113.6 121.2 127.3 130.0 1,632 

116.7 10.2 0.63 99.8 103.2 109.2 117.0 123.4 129.4 131.8 1.605 

Both sexes 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 yean ............................................................................................... 

66.0 8.6 0.89 49.9 53.6 59.6 65.8 71.1 77.2 3,509 

675 8.3 0.64 52.0 57.1 61.3 67.6 72.0 77.5 

7 yearr .................................................................................................................... 

8 Yeats .................................................................................................................... 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

IO yean.. ................................................................................................................ 

11 years .................................................................................................................. 

66.6 

67.5 

68.0 

68.5 

67.1 

8.2 

8.3 

8.4 

8.1 

8.4 

0.66 

0.77 

0.67 

0.63 

0.63 

51.6 

53.1 

51.9 

53.9 

51.6 

59.8 

61.2 

61.6 

61.8 

61.0 

67.3 

67.6 

67.9 

69.1 

67.4 

77.1 

77.5 

77.6 

77.8 

77.5 

79.4 

79.9 

79.8 

79.8 

79.8 

16.894 

- 

3.497 

3,413 

3,393 

3,324 

3,267 

BOYS 

- 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 659 8.2 0.69 55.2 59.8 65.8 69.8 1.787 

7-l 1 yearr ............................................................................................... 

7 yea=..- ................................................................................................................ 

8 Yeats .................................................................................................................... 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

10 yeaTs .................................................................................................................. 

11 year*. ................................................................................................................. 

Girls 

- 

67.2 8.2 51.8 559 61.2 67.5 

- 

71.8 

- 

66.3 

67.6 

67.4 

67.8 

67.1 

7.8 

8.3 

8.3 

8.0 

8.4 

0.71 

0.69 

0.80 

0.75 

0.77 

51.7 

63.1 

51.6 

53.4 

51.6 

55.2 

57.2 

55.6 

57.3 

55.5 

50.0 

61.4 

61.2 

61.3 

61.1 

67.3 

67.5 

67.7 

67.8 

67.4 

70.0 

72.0 

72.0 

73.0 

71.7 

77.3 

- 

75.6 

77.6 

77.4 

77.4 

77.5 

79.6 

- 

77.9 

799 

79.6 

79.5 

79.8 

1,781 

1.739 

1,730 

1,692 

1,662 

6years .................................................................................................................... 49.8 65.9 77.6 1.722 

7-11 yeaTs ............................................................................................... 67.8 8.4 0.61 8,290 

7 YeaTs....." ............................................................................................................. 

8 ye~~ .................................................................................................................... 

9 years.. .................................................................................................................. 

10 years.. ................................................................................................................ 

II year*. ................................................................................................................. 

66.8 

67.5 

68.5 

69.2 

67.2 

8.7 

8.2 

8.5 

8.1 

8.4 

0.69 

0.92 

0.62 

0.57 

0.63 

51.4 

53.0 

53.3 

55.3 

51.6 

67.1 

- 

55.5 

55.6 

57.3 

57.8 

57.0 

61.3 

- 

59.7 

61.2 

61.8 

63.4 

60.0 

67.7 

- 

67.3 

67.7 

69.1 

69.3 

67.4 

73.2 

- 

71.6 

73.1 

73.6 

73.7 

73.2 

77.5 

77.4 

77.8 

79.0 

77.6 

80.0 

79.8 

80.0 

81.0 

79.8 

1.716 

1.674 

1,663 

1,632 

1.605 

NOTE: sx = standard deviati0n.q. = standard error of the mean. 

79 
ex and age-mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, selected percentiles, and 

g Unmd States,l963~1965 

Percentile 

ble.nn s, sx 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

- 

Population 

in 

thousands 

my II ma, 

r 

Table 48. Syrtolnc and diartalx blood pressure of Negro chddren 6-11 years, b 

popukmon em 

Blood pressure, rex,and age I SYSTOLIC 

6 years ..................................................................................................................... 

7-11 yearS ................................................................................................ 

7 year5 ..................................................................................................................... 

8 years ..................................................................................................................... 

9 years ..................................................................................................................... 

10 yearS ................................................................................................................... 

11 yearr .................................................................................................................. 

80"s 

- 

6 years .................................................................................................................... 

7.11 VearS ............................................................................................... 

7 years ..................................................................................................................... 

8 years ..................................................................................................................... 

9 yean.. ................................................................................................................... 

10 years ................................................................................................................... 

11 years ................................................................................................................... 

Gl,lS 

- 

6 years ..................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 yearS ................................................................................................ 

7 "ear6 ..................................................................................................................... 

8 years ..................................................................................................................... 

9 years ..................................................................................................................... 

10 years ................................................................................................................... 

11 years ................................................................................................................... 

DIASTOLIC 

Both sexes 

6 yearr ..................................................................................................................... 

7-1 1 yearl ................................................................................................ 

7 yearr ..................................................................................................................... 

8 yearl .................................................................................................................... 

9 years ..................................................................................................................... 

10 years.. ................................................................................................................. 

11 years.. ................................................................................................................. 

Soys 

- 

6 years ..................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 yearI ................................................................................................ 

7 yearr ..................................................................................................................... 

8 yearr........: ............................................................................................................ 

9 years.. ................................................................................................................... 

10 years.. ................................................................................................................ 

11 yearr ................................................................................................................... 

Girls 

- 

6 years ..................................................................................................................... 

7-l 1 years, ............................................................................................... 

7 yearr ..................................................................................................................... 

8 dears ..................................................................................................................... 

9 yearl ..................................................................................................................... 

10 years.. ................................................................................................................. 

11 yearr ................................................................................................................... 

NOTE: sx = standard deviation,sx = standard error of the mean. 

Blood pressure (mm. Hgl 

1.28 

0.98 99.8 2,702 

103.2 113.8 119.4 121.8 

121.9 127.2 

119.7 121.9 

121.1 123.7 

122.0 126.0 

123.1 127.3 

127.3 131.2 

119.7 123.5 

121.5 125.3 

119.9 123.4 

117.9 121.6 

125.1 127.5 

121.4 123.3 

123.8 127.6 

117.7 121.4 

123.5 129.0 

119.4 121.3 

121.7 129.4 

121.9 126.4 

123.8 129.3 

129.3 131.7 

79.1 80.0 

77.9 79.9 

1.11 

1.17 

1.04 

1.36 

0.98 

1.81 

97.1 

97.4 

972 

99.1 

99.E 

97.7 

95.9 

99.6 

99.6 

99.3 

101.5 

101.1 

99.8 

103.4 

103.9 

105.9 

107.2 

107.9 

103.9 

105.3 

102.0 

103.8 

105.8 

105.9 

107.5 

99.8 

109.1 

111.1 

111.2 

111.6 

113.6 

109.9 

109.8 

107.8 

109.8 

109.8 

110.0 

113.0 

113.8 

115.2 

115.6 

117.8 

121.2 

115.4 

115.6 

113.2 

115.0 

114.0 

119.0 

117.6 

117.6 

570 

560 

534 

530 

507 

289 

1,353 

286 

279 

269 

284 

255 

281 

1,348 

284 

281 

265 

266 

253 

2.702 

1.52 

1.02 

1.45 

1.26 

1.47 

1.08 

99s 

97.E 

97.1 

975 

97.7 

97.7 

0.99 

1.55 

0.88 

1.63 

0.83 

0.87 

0.69 

95.1 

97.: 

99.; 

99.: 

101.1 

97.8 

99.0 

101.2 

101.3 

105.3 

103.8 

104.2 

105.9 

107.5 

109.3 

63.8 

62.0 

67.E 

115.2 

115.4 

117.4 

117.6 

122.0 

73.6 

67.7 8.3 

67.9 9.0 

6!3.1 7.8 

6!3.0 8.4 

613.8 9.0 

51.: 

55.: 

56.2 

53.: 

51.: 

57.2 

65.8 

59.1 

57.1 

57.3 

63.2 

59.8 

63.4 

61.7 

61.9 

67.7 

67.5 

692 

69.4 

69.3 

6!3.6 7.2 0.93 57.: 59.7 65.4 69.1 

616.7 8.8 

Lo 8.8 

68.3 8.5 

68.8 8.0 

70.5 8.5 

68.0 9.8 

1.88 63.3 57.3 63.2 67.9 

G 

1.28 

3.92 

1.63 

1.45 

- - 

51.1 57.4 

55.4 57.2 

56.5 57.9 

64.0 57.4 

49.8 56.1 

63.6 67.6 71.5 

61.8 67.4 73.7 

63.5 68.0 73.5 

65.4 71.6 76.7 

59.8 69.1 73.7 

68.1 7.7 

68.2 8.3 

1.11 5E.4 57.8 62.0 67.6 

0.79 

- 

0.69 

1.44 

0.86 

1.53 

0.85 

53.5 57.1 

- 

57.0 

55.5 

69.3 

55.3 

59.2 

61.6 69.1 

67.4 7.8 

67.4 9.4 

69.4 7.7 

67.6 8.1 

69.5 8.1 

- 

51.5 

53.6 

57.2 

53.c 

66.8 

61.6 

59.3 

63.2 

61.1 

63.4 

67.9 

87.9 

69.4 

67.8 

69.5 

- 

71.6 

73.7 

73.6 

73.9 

75.2 

73.0 

73.7 

570 

560 

534 

530 

507 

289 

1.353 

77.6 79.9 

77.9 81.4 

77.9 79.9 

79.0 81.3 

77.9 79.7 

79.4 81.1 

79.0 81.5 

78.0 81.7 

77.9 83.2 

79.1 81.0 

79.6 81.7 

77.7 79.7 

77.4 79.9 

77.8 79.6 

77.2 79.3 

78.0 79.8 

77.7 79.7 

77.4 79.6 

78.0 79.7 

71.7 

73.5 

286 

279 

269 

264 

255 

281 

1,348 

71.7 

73.7 

73.8 

73.2 

75.9 

284 

281 

265 

266 

253 
Table49. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of adults 18-74 years, by sex and age-mean,standard deviation, standard error of the 

mean,ar selected percentiles: United States, 1960-1962 

Blood pressure,sex,and age 

Percentile 

Mean s, % 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

Systolic Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Both sexes, 18-74 years ..................... 0.58 101.1 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

132.4 24.6 

Z 

117.8 14.7 

121.2 15.4 

127.6 19.1 

135.8 22.9 

146.5 26.2 

158.5 29.4 

133.8 21.6 

123.7 15.0 

126.2 15.0 

130.8 18.9 

135.8 19.9 

143.5 24.3 

152.1 27.4 

131.1 27.0 

112.8 12.4 

116.7 14.2 

124.6 18.7 

135.7 25.4 

149.2 27.6 

163.6 29.9 

0.82 95.6 

0.43 99.0 

0.75 103.2 

0.81 104.6 

1.48 109.7 

1.65 115.3 

105.9 

zP 

103. I 

107.2 

109.3 

117.2 

123.5 

115.1 127.6 143.3 

108.0 115.9 125.6 

109.8 119.5 129.6 

113.6 123.7 137.5 

119.6 131.8 147.1 

129.2 141.6 159.8 

135.7 155.7 177.5 

Men, 18-74 years .................................... 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

5564 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Women, 18-74 years ............................... 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Diastolic 

0.65 105.4 109.6 119.1 129.6 143.7 161.9 173.4 

1.38 103.1 107.3 113.3 121.2 131.5 141.7 151.1 

0.57 103.8 109.0 115.4 125.1 134.0 145.1 149.9 

0.70 105.4 109.4 117.6 127.3 139.8 155.5 163.8 

0.78 107.4 111.6 121.5 133.4 147.7 160.0 169.9 

1.64 109.4 115.7 125.3 139.8 157.9 173.2 183.6 

2.19 111.3 121.4 133.1 149.3 167.8 189.1 203.5 

0.65 99.2 103.4 111.4 124.0 141.8 169.5 187.0 

0.62 93.2 97.4 103.6 111.4 119.7 129.1 132.0 

0.64 95.4 99.5 107.4 115.3 123.8 133.3 139.6 

1.02 99.9 105.3 111.3 120.0 133.1 149.0 159.5 

1.51 103.2 107.7 117.6 131.2 145.8 169.5 183.3 

1.95 111.1 117.7 129.6 143.4 161.9 189.2 203.5 

1.91 119.0 127.9 141.3 161.7 183.5 207.4 213.8 

Both sexes, 18-74 years ..................... 0.43 59.1 61.8 69.5 77.8 85.9 95.5 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

26-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

0.70 

0.44 

0.76 

0.53 

0.81 

0.74 

78.8 13.9 

C 

70.5 12.8 

74.7 11.8 

79.3 12.6 

82.7 13.0 

84.2 14.1 

82.6 15.2 

79.7 13.6 

71.8 14.5 

76.6 12.3 

80.8 13.0 

83.5 12.6 

83.5 12.6 

81.7 13.4 

78.0 14.1 

69.4 11.1 

72.9 11.0 

77.9 12.0 

82.0 13.4 

84.9 15.3 

83.4 16.5 

NOTE: sX = standard deviation, 9 = standard error of the mean. 

49.4 55.8 61.6 69.8 77.9 83.7 89.3 

57.4 59.7 67.4 73.9 79.9 87.8 93.5 

59.5 65.1 69.9 79.0 85.9 95.5 99.9 

63.7 67.6 73.9 79.9 89.3 99.1 103.8 

65.3 69.1 75.3 83.2 89.9 99.7 108.0 

61.8 67.2 71.8 79.8 89.6 101.8 109.3 

Men, 18-74 years .................................... 0.51 59.2 63.9 69.8 79.2 87.4 96.0 101.1 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

1.21 

0.65 

0.92 

0.53 

0.86 

1.06 

46.0 51.8 63.9 71.7 79.5 87.2 91.3 

59.1 61.6 69.2 75.8 83.2 89.7 96.0 

59.4 65.8 71.6 79.5 87.9 97.5 101.5 

65.1 67.7 75.3 81.5 89.5 99.0 105.5 

63.9 69.0 75.2 83.0 89.8 99.2 103.1 

63.9 67.2 69.8 79.4 89.3 99.9 107.6 

Women, 18-74 years ............................... 0.43 58.0 61.1 69.2 77.3 85.2 95.0 101.3 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years.. ...................................................... 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

0.63 

0.46 

0.79 

0.71 

0.89 

0.91 

49.9 57.2 60.0 69.4 77.0 81.6 85.4 

56.0 59.4 65.2 71.6 79.3 85.7 89.6 

59.5 63.8 69.5 77.4 83.7 91.8 99.3 

62.0 67.6 73.5 79.6 89.0 99.2 103.5 

65.6 69.2 75.3 83.4 91.1 101.6 109.7 

61.1 67.2 73.8 81.2 89.8 103.6 109.6 

165.4 179.6 

- G 

135.9 143.2 

139.6 147.5 

151.7 163.0 

164.0 179.4 

179.6 195.9 

199.1 211.2 

101.2 

E 

81 
Table 50. Svstolic and diastolic blood pressure of white adults 18-74years,by sex and age-mean,standard deviation,standard error of 

the mean,and selected percentiles: United States,1960-1962 

Blood pressure,sex,and age 

Systolic Blood pressure (mm.Hg) 

Both sexes, 18-74 years..................... 132.0 

18-24 years ........................................................ 118.0 14.7 0.76 95.6 99.7 109.1 117.1 125.8 

25-34 years ........................................................ 121.0 14.9 0.49 99.1 103.1 109.8 119.6 129.5 

35-44 years ........................................................ 126.6 17.5 0.56 103.1 107.3 113.6 123.5 135.9 

45-54 years ........................................................ 134.5 21.2 0.74 105.0 109.4 119.5 131.4 144.0 

55-64 years ........................................................ 145.8 25.9 1.45 109.7 117.3 129.1 141.1 159.3 

65-74 years ........................................................ 157.7 29.0 1.63 115.3 123.4 135.5 155.2 175.3 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

35-44 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Men, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.5 

,- 

124.3 

126.1 

130.1 

135.1 

143.0 

151.2 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

5564 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Women, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.6 

112.6 

116.3 

123.4 

133.9 

148.4 

163.0 

Diastolic 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Both sexes, 18-74 years..................... 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

35-44 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Men, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.3 

71.7 

76.2 

80.4 

82.9 

82.8 

81.2 

18-24 years.. ...................................................... 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Women, 1 S-74 years ._............................. 

5th 

Percentile 

10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

24.0 0.48 

Z C 

101.1 107.1 115.3 127.5 141.8 163.4 

-- 

-- 

136.0 

139.4 

149.!j 

159.!3 

179.3 

197.4 

179.2 

E 

143.2 

146.0 

159.6 

175.8 

193.8 

209.9 

21.0 0.62 105.7 109.7 119.2 129.6 143.3 

14.8 1.21 103.4 109.0 113.6 121.6 131.8 

14.8 0.60 103.7 109.0 115.5 125.1 133.8 

17.6 0.66 105.8 109.5 117.7 127.3 139.7 

18.8 0.58 107.7 113.0 121.5 133.2 145.4 

24.0 1.78 109.4 115.9 125.2 139.7 157.4 

27.2 2.03 109.9 121.2 131.9 149.1 167.2 

159.!i 

-- 

141.8 

143.8 

153.5 

159.3 

173.0 

185.!5 

170.0 

151.4 

149.7 

161.9 

169.7 

182.0 

203.3 

26.3 0.58 99.2 103.3 111.5 123.9 141.3 169.0 

-- 

183.6 

12.2 0.74 93.2 97.3 103.5 111.5 119.6 127.9 131.7 

13.5 0.72 95.4 99.5 107.3 115.3 123.7 131.7 137.6 

16.8 0.82 99.8 105.1 111.1 119.8 131.2 145.7 155.2 

23.3 1.42 103.2 107.7 117.0 129.9 143.7 163.6 179.2 

27.2 2.19 111.1 117.8 129.5 141.7 161.4 187.3 203.3 

29.3 2.03 119.1 129.0 141.2 159.9 183.0 203.1 213.3 

78.3 

70.3 

74.3 

78.6 

81.9 

83.5 

82.0 

13.4 

=: 

0.43 

Z 

59.0 61.7 69.5 77.6 85.5 93.7 

-- 

99.7 

C 

13.0 0.77 49.2 55.4 61.5 69.7 78.0 83.7 89.2 

11.3 0.44 57.6 59.7 67.3 73.8 79.7 87.4 91.1 

12.1 0.75 59.3 64.0 69.8 77.7 85.4 92.0 99.2 

12.1 0.56 63.3 67.6 73.8 79.4 87.9 97.5 101.5 

13.7 0.75 65.0 69.0 75.1 81.8 89.7 99.2 105.6 

14.9 0.64 61.4 67.2 71.6 79.7 89.4 99.9 107.9 

13.2 

-. 

14.8 

11.8 

12.6 

11.9 

12.2 

13.1 

0.52 59.2 63.8 69.8 79.1 87.1 99.7 

1.21 45.5 51.8 65.0 71.8 79.5 

0.61 59.1 61.4 69.2 75.6 81.6 

1 .Ol 59.2 65.6 71.5 79.4 87.8 

0.47 64.0 67.9 75.2 81.2 89.2 

0.88 63.8 67.9 75.0 81.7 89.5 

0.95 63.5 67.2 69.8 79.4 89.1 

95.1 

-- 

87.3 

89.2 

95.7 

97.7 

97.1 

99.5 

91.5 

93.9 

99.9 

101.7 

101.2 

105.6 

77.4 

69.0 

72.5 

76.8 

80.9 

84.1 

82.7 

13.6 0.46 57.9 60.0 69.2 77.2 83.8 93.2 99.6 

11.2 

10.4 

11.3 

12.3 

14.9 

16.2 

-. 

0.79 49.8 56.0 59.9 69.3 75.9 

0.48 57.2 59.4 65.1 71.4 79.2 

0.67 59.4 63.6 69.4 76.0 83.1 

0.80 61.5 67.4 73.2 79.5 87.4 

0.91 65.2 69.2 75.2 81.9 89.9 

0.88 59.8 67.2 73.8 79.9 89.6 

81.6 

85.1 

89.6 

95.9 

99.8 

103.3 

-- 

85.2 

89.2 

95.8 

101.4 

109.2 

109.4 

NOTE: S, = standard deviation, s,- = standard error of the mean. 

82 
Table51. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of Negro adults 18-74years.by sex andage-mean,standard deviation.standard error of 

the mean, .ar Id selected percentiles: United States,1960-1962 

Blood pressure,sex,and age 

Percentile 

Mean sx sx 

5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 

Systolic Blood pressure (mm. Hg) 

Both sexes, IS-74 years..................... I 138.0 29.6 

18-24 years.. ...................................................... 

2534years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

IS-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

354lyears ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

117.7 14.8 

124.1 17.9 

135.6 27.1 

147.0 30.9 

155.3 27.5 

169.6 31.5 

Men, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.9 26.1 

121.5 15.5 

128.9 16.3 

137.1 26.7 

142.8 26.0 

152.5 24.8 

163.7 27.1 

Women, IS-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.3 32.2 

114.9 13.4 

120.9 18.2 

134.4 27.3 

151.1 34.7 

158.2 29.7 

174.3 33.9 

Diastolic 

IS-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

35-44 years ......................................................... 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

Both sexes, 18-74 years..................... 83.9 16.2 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

35-44 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

5564years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

0.74 

1.13 

1.60 

1.46 

1.71 

2.99 

1.01 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

25-34 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74 years ........................................................ 

72.3 11.4 

78.1 13.5 

85.1 14.1 

89.6 17.3 

91.9 15.5 

90.4 16.9 

Men, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.2 15.5 

72.8 12.7 

80.5 13.7 

84.4 14.2 

88.3 16.0 

91.4 13.3 

88.0 15.9 

Women, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.7 16.9 

72.0 10.4 

76.5 13.1 

85.6 14.1 

90.8 18.4 

92.5 17.3 

92.3 17.5 

NOTE: s, = standard deviation, Q = standard error of the mean. 

1.97 

1.45 

1.83 

2.29 

1.70 

4.54 

0.88 

18-24 years ........................................................ 

2534 years ........................................................ 

3544 years ........................................................ 

45-54 years ........................................................ 

55-64 years ........................................................ 

65-74years ........................................................ 

1.35 

1.40 

1.65 

1.74 

3.23 

3.72 

1.62 

Z 

103.0 193.6 

G 

1.14 97.7 101.2 105.9 113.8 125.6 135.4 143.6 

1.48 99.2 103.8 111.4 119.8 133.3 145.6 161.9 

2.55 103.6 105.8 115.3 129.1 149.8 177.0 179.8 

3.14 107.1 107.8 123.8 141.2 165.4 189.0 207.6 

2.87 113.2 121.6 135.8 149.9 169.6 191.1 201.6 

4.44 115.3 129.1 147.0 171.2 189.3 209.7 225.1 

1.63 105.1 107.9 117.9 131.9 155.3 175.3 183.4 

2.41 101.1 103.9 111.0 119.1 129.4 143.0 147.9 

1.86 107.1 169.8 115.4 127.2 137.5 147.7 163.7 

2.76 103.6 109.0 117.6 129.5 151.5 177.4 178.0 

4.23 107.1 107.5 123.7 139.7 159.7 169.8 181.8 

3.07 109.8 121.3 133.4 151.3 169.3 179.9 185.8 

7.24 115.9 125.7 139.3 173.1 181.4 195.4 207.4 

2.60 99.7 105.2 113.3 129.1 150.0 183.9 205.4 

1.64 95.2 99.2 105.5 113.2 123.6 131.1 137.1 

2.11 97.3 99.9 109.4 117.1 129.6 143.3 161.2 

3.34 103.9 105.6 113.6 127.7 149.2 169.6 183.2 

4.71 107.0 111.5 123.9 143.0 171.7 205.1 209.8 

6.26 113.4 125.4 143.0 149.8 175.4 199.6 205.8 

6.32 107.5 139.4 147.9 171.1 207.4 219.8 229.3 

0.67 60.0 65.4 

E X G 

71.6 81.1 

E 

93.4 103.3 Ill.6 

G 

51.4 57.9 65.1 71.7 78.0 85.1 89.8 

57.3 61.2 69.1 77.5 85.7 97.4 99.5 

65.4 67.4 75.1 81.4 97.2 103.7 109.5 

65.6 67.6 77.9 87.4 97.6 109.9 123.4 

67.9 70.0 79.8 89.5 99.8 111.7 119.7 

63.7 67.5 77.3 89.4 99.8 111.2 119.6 

60.0 65.7 73.4 88.2 95.5 101.4 109.9 

51.1 51.8 63.6 74.8 79.7 85.8 89.9 

59.1 61.8 69.8 79.9 89.5 99.3 99.7 

65.6 67.3 73.2 81.2 97.3 101.4 109.3 

65.3 65.8 77.7 87.4 97.3 109.8 119.7 

69.5 77.1 81.3 89.8 99.7 107.9 111.2 

67.2 67.8 73.8 87.1 99.5 111.6 114.0 

60.0 65.1 71.1 79.8 91.8 105.4 115.3 

57.4 59.5 65.2 71.1 77.6 83.1 89.7 

57.3 59.8 67.7 75.7 83.6 89.8 99.1 

65.1 67.6 75.8 81.6 97.1 107.1 109.6 

67.2 69.2 79.2 87.4 99.2 109.9 123.8 

67.6 69.4 79.4 89.4 101.4 119.2 125.8 

63.3 63.8 81.5 89.8 99.8 109.3 123.6 

83 
Table 52. Rate and number of adults 18-74 years with definite hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.2 0.69 19,661 17.0 0.64 16,131 30.2 2.08 3,380 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 

3544 years.. .................................................... 

45-54 years ...................................................... 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 

Men, 18-74 years.. ................................. 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 

35-44 years.. .................................................... 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 

Women, 18-74 years.. ............................ 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 

35-44 years.. .................................................... 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes.. ................................................ 

Men ............................................................ 

Women ....................................................... 

‘Includes all other races. 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 1971-1974 survey was based. 

T 

-- 

All races1 ir 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

=c 

3.4 

5.3 

13.4 

21.2 

31.7 

49.2 

‘18.2 

-- 

5.6 

7.7 

16.2 

21.2 

29.3 

40.1 

‘18.1 

-- 

1.6 

3.1 

10.8 

21.1 

33.9 

56.6 

17.6 

17.4 

17.8 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

0.81 532 3.4 0.80 463 4.0 1.56 69 

0.73 1,146 4.1 0.64 770 14.0 2.95 317 

1.02 3,176 11.5 0.77 2,380 29.0 4.28 748 

1.30 4,355 19.0 1.35 3,424 38.9 3.28 899 

2.73 4,954 30.1 2.83 4,206 50.1 5.62 736 

3.00 5,499 47.6 2.98 4,888 71.9 10.22 6tl 

0.95 9,363 17.0 0.98 7,677 30.9 16.87 1,575 

1.70 400 5.6 1.66 354 6.2 3.85 46 

1.20 794 6.1 0.94 549 21.8 5.46 197 

1.81 1,843 14.9 1.66 1,480 28.1 6.90 333 

1.32 2,130 19.5 1.27 1,707 34.0 5.55 391 

3.41 2,201 27.5 3.74 1,834 49.7 7.31 366 

4.48 1,995 38.2 4.03 1,753 63.3 16.87 242 

0.87 

0.57 

0.50 

1.17 

2.11 

3.30 

3.40 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

10,299 16.9 0.88 8,454 29.7 2.89 1,806 

132 1.5 0.60 109 2.3 1.69 23 

352 2.3 0.66 221 8.8 2.96 120 

1,332 8.4 0.81 901 29.9 3.60 415 

2,225 18.5 2.29 1,716 43.8 4.64 509 

2,754 32.3 3.81 2,372 50.5 11.67 370 

3,504 55.1 3.76 3,135 79.0 9.08 ,369 

. . . 16.2 . . . 

. . . 16.1 . . . 

. . . 16.3 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

30.5 

30.1 

31.4 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

White T Negro 

84 
Table 53. Rate and number of adults IS-74 years with blood pressure of at least 105 mm. Hg diastolic, by race, sex, and age with 

standard errors of rate and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, IS-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 0.35 4,074 

IS-24 years.. .................................................... 1.0 0.55 153 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 1.1 0.27 241 

35-44 years.. .................................................... 2.9 0.49 680 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 4.9 0.91 1,002 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 6.5 0.82 1,023 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 8.7 1.03 974 

3.1 

E 

1.0 

0.9 

1.9 

3.8 

5.5 

8.1 

0.61 131 1.3 

0.28 162 1.8 

0.40 390 9.4 

0.69 686 13.7 

0.73 770 17.2 

1.04 831 16.8 

Men, 18-74 years.. ................................. 3.8 0.45 1,926 3.2 0.43 1.467 7.9 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 1.9 1.35 134 1.9 1.52 120 1.9 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 1.7 0.44 177 1.5 0.48 138 1.3 

35-44 years ...................................................... 3.2 0.66 363 2.5 0.69 249 7.0 

45-54 years ...................................................... 5.2 1.22 527 4.3 0.91 379 12.8 

55-64 years ...................................................... 4.4 0.85 332 3.8 0.74 251 11.0 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 7.9 1.73 393 7.2 1.57 329 16.7 

Women, 18-74 years.. ............................ 3.8 0.31 2,148 0.30 1,504 10.1 

18-24 years ...................................................... 

25-34 years ...................................................... 

35-44 years ...................................................... 

45-54 years ...................................................... 

55-64 years ...................................................... 

65-74 years ...................................................... 

0.2 

0.6 

2.6 

i:: 

9.4 

0.16 19 

0.20 64 

0.54 317 

0.95 476 

1.39 691 

1.00 581 

0.16 12 0.8 

0.18 24 2.1 

0.33 141 11.5 

0.86 306 14.6 

1.50 519 23.5 

1.21 502 16.9 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes.. ................................................ 

Men ............................................................ 

Women ....................................................... 

3.7 . . . 

3.6 . . . 

3.7 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

9.0 

7.4 

10.5 

‘Includes all other races. 

- 

T 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

All racer? White 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

0.29 2,971 

- 

lRate 

per 

100 

adults 

9.1 

Negro 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

1.26 1,018 

0.87 22 

0.85 41 

2.11 243 

3.70 317 

4.76 253 

4.33 143 

2.09 401 

1.81 14 

1.42 12 

2.14 83 

5.99 147 

4.83 81 

6.92 64 

1.53 617 

0.84 7 

1.20 29 

2.72 160 

3.09 169 

8.80 172 

6.38 79 

. . . . . . 

. . . . . . 

. . . . . . 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 1971-1974 survey was based. 

85 
Table 54. Rate and number of adults 18-74 years with borderline hypertension, by race, sex, and age with standard errors of rate and 

aae-adiusted values: United Sta; tes. 1960-1962 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, IS-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.0 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 7.0 I.001 1,093 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 10.2 0.75’ 2,195 

3544 years.. .................................................... 16.4 1.11 3,893 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 22.9 1.30 4,712 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 30.6 2.34. 4,791 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 24.8 2.301 2,768 

18.4 

Z 

6.8 

10.5 

16.6 

23.1 

30.9 

25.8 

1.08 916 9.3 2.29 159 

0.69 1,957 8.4 2.61 192 

1 .O% 3,441 14.7 3.48 380 

1.21 4,172 21.6 4.43 498 

2.55 4,329 28.7 4.80 422 

2.36 2,655 13.3 5.07 113 

Men, 18-74 years.. ................................. 21.5 I.201 11,040 22.2 1.25 10,025 17.4 2.91 889 

IS-24 years.. .................................................... 13.0 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 15.4 

35-44 years.. .................................................... 21.2 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 25.8 

5564 years.. .................................................... 29.9 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 25.7 

1.96 931 

1.53: 1,588 

1 4E! 

2:731 

2.406 

2,590 

3.01 2,248 

3.031 1,278 

12.9 2.09 806 14.4 4.35 107 

16.1 1.51 1,450 10.0 4.30 91 

22.1 1.48 2,203 16.1 3.83 190 

26.3 2.76 2,303 23.0 7.84 264 

30.6 3.31 2,038 26.1 6.93 185 

26.7 3.13 1,226 13.6 8.37 52 

Women, IS-74 years .............................. 8,412 14.9 0.63 7,445 14.4 1.48 875 

18-24 years.. .................................................... 

25-34 years.. .................................................... 

35-44 years.. .................................................... 

45-54 years.. .................................................... 

55-64 years.. .................................................... 

65-74 years.. .................................................... 

14.8 0.66 

-- -- 

1.9 0.541 

5.4 0.59 

12.1 1.16 

20.1 I.141 

31.3 2.83 

24.1 3 .oo 

162 1.5 0.53 11 5.4 2.17 52 

607 5.2 0.70 51 7.4 2.11 101 

1,487 11.5 1.11 1,238 13.6 4.77 189 

2,122 20.1 1.23 1,869 20.2 3.84 235 

2,543 31.2 3.11 2,292 32.3 11.49 236 

1,490 25.1 3.20 1,429 13.1 6.50 61 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes.. ................................................ 

Men ............................................................ 

Women ....................................................... 

17.5 

21.0 

14.5 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 17.7 . . . 

. . . 21.6 . . . 

. . . 14.3 . . . 

. . . 15.6 . . . 

. . . 16.9 . . . 

. . . 14.7 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

llncludes all other races. 

- 

T 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

All races1 White 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

0.79 19,452 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

0.81 17,470 15.8 1.60 1,763 

Rate 

per 

100 

adults 

Negro 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of thourate sands 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 1971-1974 survey was based. 

. 

86 
Table 55. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as h 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-ac 

- 

T 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, 18-74 years............. 

18-24 years ................................................ 

25-34 years ................................................ 

3544 years ................................................ 

45-54 years ................................................ 

55-64 years ................................................ 

65-74 years ................................................ 

Men, IS-74 years.. ........................... 

IS-24 years ................................................ 

25-34 years ................................................ 

3544 years ................................................ 

45-54 years ................................................ 

55-64 years ................................................ 

65-74 years ................................................ 

Women, IS-74 years.. ...................... 

IS-24 years ................................................ 

2534 years ................................................ 

3544 years ................................................ 

45-54 years ................................................ 

55-64 years ................................................ 

65-74 years ................................................ 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes ............................................ 

Men ...................................................... 

Women ................................................. 

‘Includes all other races. 

All races1 

Percent Standwith ard 

definite error 

hyper- of pertension cent 

58.0 1.75 

88.9 8.61 

71.7 4.32 

67.0 3.01 

65.2 2.73 

49.7 3.85 

48.8 3.22 

67.4 2.16 

96.1 4.88 

81.2 5.53 

70.8 3.99 

68.4 5.02 

59.7 5.07 

60.3 4.56 

49.5 2.60 

67.1 27.57 

50.3 12.61 

61.9 2.83 

62.0 3.62 

41.6 4.65 

42.2 4.42 

67.3 . . . 

74.7 . . . 

55.3 . . . 

Popu- Percent Stand- Population with ard lation 

in definite error in 

thou- hyper- of per- thousands tension cent sands 

11,399 57.6 2.25 9,292 

473 90.6 8.43 420 

822 65.0 5.28 501 

2,129 65.9 3.70 1,569 

2,838 66.0 2.99 2,262 

2,460 49.2 4.48 2,069 

2,676 50.7 3.48 2,473 

6,309 66.0 2.46 5,068 

384 95.6 5.46 338 

645 75.0 8.95 412 

1,304 64.8 4.46 958 

1,458 68.6 5.80 1,172 

1,315 58.4 5.56 1,071 

1,203 63.7 5.10 1,116 

5,090 50.0 3.09 4,224 

89 74.2 32.97 81 

177 40.2 19.27 89 

825 67.8 4.32 611 

1,380 63.5 3.34 1,089 

1,145 42.0 5.43 997 

1,473 43.4 4.62 1,357 

. . . 66.3 . . . 

. . . 72.4 . . . 

. . . 56.0 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

*.. 

‘YP 

Jill 

lertensive among those with definite hypertension, by race, 

sted values: United States, 1960-1962 

White Negro 

Percent Standwith ard 

definite error 

hyper- of pertension cent 

57.9 4.13 

77.8 26.86 

82.7 10.64 

68.6 6.35 

60.6 8.01 

51.6 6.13 

33.3 8.11 

71.8 5.37 

100.0 35.35 

93.8 5.28 

94.8 5.78 

64.9 13.85 

66.5 5.50 

35.8 9.14 

45.8 5.20 

32.8 40.86 

64.4 19.93 

47.5 6.30 

57.2 8.89 

36.8 11.61 

31.6 13.34 

65.7 . . . 

80.5 . . . 

46.8 . . . 

Population 

in 

thousands 

1,957 

53 

262 

513 

545 

380 

203 

1,130 

5 

185 

316 

264 

244 

87 

826 

7 

78 

197 

291 

136 

117 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 1971-1974 survey was based. 

87 
Table 56. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as hypertensive among those with blood pressureof at least 105mm. 

Hg diastolic, by race,sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age-adjusted values: United States, 1960-1962 

f 

Sex and age 

Both sexes, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . 

18-24 years ............................................ 92.4 32.90 

25-34 years ............................................ 71 .o 12.76 

3544 years ............................................ 55.4 10.03 

45-54 years ............................................ 44.1 6.21 

55-64 years ............................................ 32.1 5.48 

65-74 years ............................................ 29.8 5.32 

Men, 18-74 years.. ....................... 45.9 6.26 

18-24 years ............................................ 100.0 35.35 

25-34 years ............................................ 78.3 17.57 

3544 years ............................................ 46.1 11.87 

45-54 years ............................................ 50.0 9.16 

55-64 years ............................................ 30.7 13.48 

65-74 years ............................................ 19.8 9.62 

Women, 18-74 years.. .................. 40.4 4.08 

18-24 years ............................................ 39.0 41.15 

25-34 years ............................................ 50.6 33.42 

35-44 years ............................................ 66.1 9.98 

45-54 years ............................................ 37.6 5.42 

55-64 years ............................................ 32.8 6.79 

65-74 years ............................................ 36.6 6.71 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes ........................................ 

Men .................................................. 

Women ............................................. 

57.4 

59.1 

44.7 

. . . . . 52.6 

. . . . . . 51.4 

. . . . . . 34.3 

‘Includes ~11 other races. 

All races’ II White 

Percent 

with diastolic 

pressure 

105 mm. 

Hg+ 

43.0 

Standard 

error 

of percent 

3.76 

884 tI 38.1 II 

134 100.0 

139 72.2 

167 24.7 

263 49.2 

102 17.8 

78 14.0 

867 38.3 

7 

32 32.6 

209 71 .o 

179 34.1 

226 31.4 

212 40.0 

Standard 

error 

of percent 

4.80 1,134 52.2 

50.40 120 100.0 

20.83 107 62.6 

11.60 161 69.2 

7.72 291 47.7 

7.16 207 47.9 

5.21 247 30.5 

8.55 558 66.6 

50.00 120 100.0 

28.55 100 100.0 

11.78 62 90.3 

10.88 187 52.1 

12.86 45 71 .o 

9.74 46 50.0 

4.63 576 42.8 

52.92 780 

17.75 100 

8.25 105 

8.20 163 

7.88 201 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

Population 

in 

sands 

=i= 

Percent 

with diastolic 

pressure 

105 mm. 

Hg+ 

100.0 

47.3 

58.2 

44.0 

37.0 

14.7 

62.5 

80.6 

53.0 

Negro 

Standard 

error 

of percent 

50.00 

36.35 

12.14 

11.56 

13.49 

16.99 

5.32 

70.71 

70.71 

13.04 

14.97 

19.70 

12.75 

70.71 

39.08 

13.63 

15.12 

22.69 

25.74 

Population 

in 

thousands 

22 

26 

168 

151 

121 

44 

267 

14 

12 

75 

77 

57 

32 

264 

7 

14 

93 

74 

64 

12 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 1971-1974 survey was based. 

88 
Table 57. Percent and number of adults 18-74 years never diagnosed as h 

sex, and age with standard errors of percent and age 

I All racer? 

VPC 

sdj 

- 

T 

?rtensive among those with borderline hypertension, by race, 

usted values: United States, 1960-1962 

- 

T White Negro 

Standard 

error 

of percent 

Population 

in 

thouStand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

Stand- Popuard lation 

error in 

of per- thoucent sands 

Sex and age 

Percent 

with 

borderline 

hypertension 

Percent 

with 

borderline 

hypertension 

Percent 

with 

borderline 

hypertension 

Both sexes, 18-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.9 1.37 16,127 82.7 1.49 14,441 85.6 2.64 

18-24 years ............................................... 86.3 4.90 943 85.6 6.10 784 88.7 9.46 

25-34 years ............................................... 88.2 2.41 1,935 87.2 2.89 1,706 95.1 5.06 

35-44 years ............................................... 86.7 2.65 3,376 87.0 2.69 2,992 92.9 3.85 

45-54 years ............................................... 85.3 2.44 4.022 85.6 2.87 3,572 81.8 5.85 

55-64 years ............................................... 81.6 2.90 3,907 81.2 3.21 3,516 83.2 7.24 

65-74 years ............................................... 70.2 5.19 1,944 70.4 5.69 1,870 65.5 24.93 

1,508 

- 

141 

182 

353 

408 

351 

74 

Men, 18-74 years.. .......................... 88.6 1.29 9,783 88.3 1.36 8,855 90.2 4.32 802 

18-24 years ............................................... 86.2 6.75 802 86.2 6.85 695 83.2 

25-34 years ............................................... 90.7 3.30 1,439 89.8 3.73 1,302 100.0 

3544 years ............................................... 91.6 2.22 2,203 90.8 2.34 2,000 100.0 

45-54 years ............................................... 87.8 2.67 2,274 87.7 3.27 2,019 87.6 

55-64 years ............................................... 87.8 4.45 1,973 87.8 4.72 1,789 85.7 

65-74 years ............................................... 85.5 4.75 1,092 85.7 4.81 7,050 81.2 

13.86 

10.24 

15.76 

33.29 

89 

91 

190 

231 

159 

42 

Women, 18-74 years.. ..................... 75.4 2.35 6,344 75.0 2.40 5,586 80.8 4.62 707 

18-24 years ............................................... 86.8 10.18 141 80.6 14.54 89 100.0 

2534 years ............................................... 81.6 7.08 496 79.8 8.59 404 90.8 

3544 years ............................................... 78.8 5.30 1,173 80.1 5.53 992 85.7 

45-54 years ............................................... 82.4 3.37 1,748 83.1 4.08 1,554 75.3 

55-64 years ............................................... 76.1 3.93 1,934 75.4 4.43 1,728 81.2 

65-74 years ............................................... 57.2 8.81 852 57.4 9.42 820 52.1 

9.47 

8.07 

5.64 

14.25 

36.37 

52 

91 

162 

177 

192 

32 

Age-adjusted values: 

Both sexes ........................................... 

Men ..................................................... 

Women ................................................ 

84.3 . . . . . . 84.0 . . . 

88.6 . . . . . . 88.2 . . . 

78.7 . . . . . . 77.5 . . . 

. . . 86.4 . . . 

. . . 90.7 . . . 

. . . 83.1 . . . 

. . . 

. . . 

. . . 

‘Includes all other races. 

NOTE: Age adjustment is with respect to the population upon which the 197 1-l 974 survey was based. 

89 
APPENDIXES 

CONTENTS 

I. Statistical Notes ................................................ . 

................................................................................ 91 

The Survey Design ....................................... . ................................................................................ 91 

Nonresponse ............................................................................................................................... 92 

Missing Data ................................................................................................................................ 93 

Small Numbers ............................................................................................................................. 95 

Sampling and Measurement Error ................................................................................................ 95 

Tests of Significance .................................................................................................................... 96 

Tests of Normality ...................................... . ................................................................................. 97 

II. Demographic and Socioeconomic Terms ........................................................................................... 99 

III. Sources of Variation in Blood Pressure Measurement ........................................................................ 101 

Venipuncture ............................................................................................................................... 101 

End-Digit Preference .................................................................................................................... 102’ 

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES 

I. United States civilian noninstitutionalized population, by age, sex, and race, November I,1972 . . . . . 

II. Number and percent distribution of cells by size of nonresponse adjustmat factors, HANES, 

stands 01-65, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

III. Total number of examinees and number of exarninees with missing systolic and diastolic blood 

pressures by race, sex, and age of the examinee: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

IV. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of examinlees 7-74 years, by age and time between blood pressure reading and venipuncture-mean, standard error of the mean, age-adjusted values and sample 

size: United States, 1971-1974 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

93 ~ 

94 

95 

102 

V. Percent distribution of end-digits of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1971-1974 and the Health Examination Surveys of 1960-1962,1963- 

1965, and 1966-1970 . . . . . . . . ..~.......................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 

90 
APPENDIX I 

STATISTICAL NOTES 

The Survey Design 

The sampling plan for the first 65 stands of 

the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 

(HANES) followed a stratified multistage probability design in which a sample of the civilian 

noninstitutionalized population of the coterminous United States, 1-74 years of age, was 

selected. Excluded from the selection were 

persons residing in Alaska and Hawaii and those 

within the coterminous United States confined 

to institutions or residing on reservation lands of 

American Indians. Successive elements dealt 

with in the process of sampling were the primary 

sampling unit (PSU), census enumeration district 

(ED), segment (a cluster of households), household, eligible persons, and finally sample persons. 

The starting points in the first stage of this 

design were the 1960 decennial census lists of 

addresses and the nearly 1,900 primary sampling 

units (PSU’s) into which the entire United States 

was divided. Each PSU is either a standard 

metropolitan statistical area (SMSA), a county, 

or two or three contiguous counties. The PSU’s 

were grouped into 357 strata for use in the 

Health Interview Survey and subsequently collapsed into 40 super strata for use in Cycle II 

and Cycle III of the Health Examination Survey 

and HANES. 

Fifteen of the forty super strata contained a 

single large metropolitan area of more than 

2,000,OOO population. These 15 large metropolitan areas were chosen into the sample with 

certainty. The 25 noncertainty strata were classified into four broad geographic regions of 

approximately equal population and crossclassified into four broad population density 

groups in each region. Then a modified 

Goodman-I&h controlled-selection technique 

was used to select two PSU’s from each of the 

25 noncertainty super strata with the probability of selection of a PSU proportionate to its 

1960 population so that proportionate representation of specified state groups and rate of 

population change classes was maintained in the 

sample. In this manner a total first-stage sample 

of 65 PSU’s was selected. These 65 sample PSU’s 

or stands are the areas within which a sample of 

persons would be selected for examination over 

a three-year survey period. 

Although the 1970 census data were used as 

the frame for seIecting the sample within PSU’s 

when they became available, the calendar 

of operations required that 1960 census data be 

used for 44 of the 65 stands in the sample of 

HANES. Census enumeration districts (ED’s) in 

each PSU were divided into segments of an 

expected six housing units each. In urban ED’s 

the segments were clusters of six addresses from 

the 1960 Census Listing Books. For ED’s not 

having usable addresses, area sampling was employed and consequently some variation in the 

segment . size occurred. To make the sample 

representative of the current population of the 

United States, the address or list segments were 

supplemented by a sample of housing units that 

had been constructed since 1960. 

Within each PSU a systematic sample of segments was selected. The enumeration districts 

which fell into the sampIe were coded into one 

of two economic classes. The first class, identified 

as the “poverty stratum,” was composed of “current poverty areas” that had been identified by 

the Bureau of the Census in 1970 (pre-1970 

census), plus other ED’s in the PSU with a mean 

91 
income of less than $3,000 in 1959 (based on. 

1960 census). The second economic class, the 

“nonpoverty stratum,” included ah ED’s not. 

designated as belonging to the “poverty stra 

turn.” AI1 sample segments classified as being in 

the “poverty stratum” were retained in the 

sample. For those sample segments in “nonpoverty stratum” ED’s, the selected segments 

were divided into eight random subsgroups and 

one of the subgroups was chosen to remain in 

the HANES sample. This procedure permits a 

separate analysis with adequate reliability of 

those classified as being below the poverty level 

and those classified as being above the poverty 

level. 

After identifying the sample segments, a list 

of aI1 current addresses within the segment 

boundaries was made, and the households were 

interviewed to determine the age and sex of each 

household member, as well as other demographic and socioeconomic information. 

To select the persons in sample segments to 

be examined in HANES, aI1 household members 

aged l-74 in each segment were listed on a 

sample selection worksheet with each household 

in the segment listed serially. The number of 

household members in each of the six age-sex 

groups shown below were listed on the worksheet under the appropriate age-sex group column. The sample selection worksheets were then 

put in segment number. order and a systematic 

random sample of persons in each age-sex group 

was selected to be examined using the following 

sampling rates. 

Rate 

l-5 years .................... l/2 

6-19 years ................... l/4 

20-44 years (male) ............ l/4 

20-44 years (female) ........... l/2 

45-64 years .................. l/4 

65-74 years .................. 1 

The persons selected in the 65stand sample 

of HANES comprise a representative sample of 

the target population and included 28,043 sample persons l-74 years of age of whom 20,749 or 

NOTE: A list of references follows the text. 

74.0 percent were examined. When adjustments 

are made for differential sampling for high-risk 

groups, the response rate becomes 75.2 percent. 

All data presented in this report are based on 

“weighted” observations. That is, data recorded 

for each sample person are inflated to characterize the subuniverse from which that sample 

person was drawn. The weight for each examined person is a product of the reciprocal of 

the probability of selecting the person, an 

adjustment for nonresponse cases (i.e., persons 

not examined), and a poststratified ratio adjustment which increases precision by making the 

final sample estimates of the population agree 

approximately with independent controls prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for the 

noninstitutionalized population of the United 

States as of November 1, 1972 (approximate 

midsurvey point), by color, sex, and age shown 

in table I. Population estimates are inclluded in 

some of the tabIes in greater detail than that 

used for weighting. These population figures, 

while not precise census estimates in this degree 

of age detail, are included to give a rough idea of 

the number in the population at risk. 

A more detailed description of the survey design and selection technique can be found in 

Vital and Health Statistics, Series l-No. lOa. 

Nonresponse 

In any health examination survey, after the 

sample is identified and the sample persons are 

requested to participate in the examination, the 

survey meets one of its more severe problems. 

Usually a sizable number of sample persons will 

not participate in the examination. Individual 

participation is determined by many factors, 

some of them uncontrollable, and therefore it 

may be treated as a random event with a 

particular probability of occurrence. If this 

probability were known and were greater than 

zero for al1 persons, then the examined persons 

would constitute a probability sample from 

which unbiased estimates of the target population could be derived. In this situation, the 

effect of nonparticipation would only reduce 

the sample size. thereby increasing the samnling 

errors of examinatrpn findings. In practice, 

however, a potential for bias due to n&response 

92 
Table I. United States civilian noninstitutionalized population, by age, sex, and race, November 1, 1972 

Male .................................................. 

White ........................................................... 

Other races.. ................................................. 

Female .............................................. 

White ........................................................... 

Other races.. ................................................. 12.893.192 1,394,158 4,158,321 4446.878 

SOURCE: Unpublished estimates of September 27, 1974, from the U.S. Bureau of the Census. 

2,242,327 65 1,508 

exists because exact probabilities are never 

known. A further potential for bias exists if: 

1. A sizable proportion of sample persons 

have a zero probability of participation; 

that is, if they would never agree to 

participate in an examination survey 

employing the same procedures and inducements. 

2. These persons differ from other sample 

persons with respect to the characteristics under examination. 

For these reasons intensive efforts are made 

in HANES to develop and implement procedures 

and inducements that reduce the number of 

nonrespondents, thereby reducing the potential 

for bias. These procedures and inducements are 

discussed in the Plan and Operation of the 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 

United States, 1971-1973, Vital and Health 

Statistics, Series 1 -No. 1 Oa.6 

Despite these intensive efforts 24.8 percent 

of the sample persons from the 65 stands were 

not examined. Consequently, the potential for 

sizable bias does exist in the estimates in this 

publication. However, from what is known 

about the nonrespondents and the nature of 

nonresponse the likelihood of sizable bias is 

small. For instance, only a small proportion of 

persons gave reasons for nonparticipation which 

would lead to the belief that they would never 

agree to participate in examination surveys and 

that they may differ from examined persons 

with respect to the characteristic under examination. Only 15 percent of the nonrespondents 

gave as their reasons for nonparticipation perso& illness, physically unable, pregnant, antidoctor, or fear of finding something wrong. 

Typical among the reasons given by the other 

nonrespondents were: unable because of work, 

school, or household duties; suspicious or skeptical of the program; just not interested in 

participating; and private medical care sufficient 

or just visited doctor. 

An analysis of medical history data obtained 

from most nonesaminees as well as from examinees also supports the belief that the Iikelihood of sizable bias due to nonresponse is small. 

No large differences were found between the examined group and nonexamined group for the 

statistics compared. For example, 11 percent of 

persons examined reported having an illness or 

condition which interferes with their eating as 

compared to 9 percent of persons not examined 

but who had completed a medical histoy. The 

percent of persons examined reporting ever 

being told by a doctor that they had arthritis 

was 20 percent; the percent for high blood pressure was 18 percent and for diabetes was 4 percent. The corresponding percents for nonexamined persons were: arthritis, 17 percent; 

high blood pressure, 21 percent; and diabetes, 

4 percent. 

As was mentioned earlier the data in this 

report are based on weighted observations, and 

one of the components of the weight assigned to 

an esamined person was an adjustment for 

93 
nonresponse. Since the probabilities of participation are not known for sample persons in 

HANES, a procedure was adopted which multiplies the reciprocal of the probability of 

selection of sample persons by a fac.tor which 

brings estimates based on examined persons only 

up to a level which would have been achieved if 

all sample persons had been examined. This 

nonresponse adjustment factor is the ratio of the 

sum of sampling weights for all sample persons 

within a relatively homogeneous class defined by 

age, sex, and five income groups (under $3,000, 

$3,000-$6,999, $7,000-$9,999, $10,000- 

$14,999, and $15,000 and over) within each 

stand, to the sum of sampling weights for all 

responding sample persons within the same 

homogeneous class for the same stand. To the 

degree that homogeneous groups can be defined 

which are also homogeneous with respect to the 

characteristics under study, the procedure can 

be effective in reducing the potential bias from 

nonresponse. For the 65-stand sample of 

HANES, the percent distribution of the nonresponse adjustment factors used for the 325 

income group-stand cells is shown in table II. 

Table II. Number and percent distribution of cells by size of 

nonresponse adjustment factors, HANES, stands 01-65. 

1971-1974 

Size of factor 

Num- Perber cent 

of districells bution 

Total .................................................. 325 100.0 

1.00-l .24 ...................................................... 106 32.6 

1.25-1.49.. .................................................... 125 38.4 

1.50-l .74 ...................................................... 18.2 

1.75-1.99.. .................................................... 7.4 

2.00-2.49 ...................................................... 2.8 

2.50-2.99 ...................................................... 0.3 

3.00-3.03 ...................................................... 0.3 

Missing Data 

Examination surveys lose information not 

only through the failure to examine all sample 

persons, but also through the failure to obtain 

and record all items of information for examined persons. When data are found missing 

for some of the examinees, imputation of the 

missing data becomes necessary to minimize the 

effect on population estimates. 

Out of the 17,854 examinees age 6-74 years, 

only 204 (1.1 percent) measurements of either 

systolic or diastolic blood pressure or both were 

missing. (Both types were missing for 195 persons and 9 persons lacked only the diastolic 

readings.) Table III contains~%e complete distribution of missing measurements by age, race, 

and sex. 

Although the total number of missing measurements is relatively small, a disproportionate 

share were those for 6-year-olds: 24.5 percent 

(87) of the systolic readings and 25.3 percent 

(90) of the diastolic readings. About one in 

every four blood pressures among 6-year-olds 

was not taken because some of the physicians 

had misinterpreted the examination form, which 

stated that blood pressures were to be taken 

only on those examinees “over 6 years.” Because such a large proportion of the blood 

pressures among the 6-year-olds were not recorded, no imputations were made for them 

when both values were missing. Rather, it has 

been assumed that the distribution of these 

values by age, race, and sex would be similar to 

that for 6-year-olds whose blood pressures were 

measured. However, imputations were made for 

the three 6-year-old examinees with a systolic 

pressure, but not a diastolic pressure, recorded, 

using the diastolic pressure of another randomly 

selected 6-year-old of the same sex and race with 

similar systolic pressure, arm girth, weight, and 

height. 

Even though 1 .l percent of the systolic or 

diastolic readings or both for examinees 6-74 

years were missing, the extent of missing data 

was only 0.7 percent among examinees age 7-74 

years. For most of these examinees (97) both 

blood pressures were missing, and these values 

were randomly selected from other examinees of 

the same age, sex, and race, with similar arm 

girth, weight, and height. For the other six 

missing diastolic measurements, the systolic 

pressure was also taken into account when the 

random selection was made. 

Special imputation procedures were used for 

two additional groups. There were four other 

examinees with both systolic and diastolic pres94 
Table III. Total number of examinees and number of examinees with missing systolic and diastolic blood pressures by race, sex, and age 

of the examinee: United States, 1971-1974 

Blood pressure and age 

Systolic 

All ages, 6-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6 years.. ............................................................................................. 87 34 25 

7-I 1 years.. ........................................................................................ 24 6 12 

12-17 years.. ...................................................................................... 11 4 4 

18-24 years.. ...................................................................................... 9 2 2 

25-34 years....................................................................................... 19 2 10 

3544 years.. ...................................................................................... 9 2 3 

45-54 years.. ...................................................................................... 10 2 5 

5564 years.. ...................................................................................... 7 1 3 

65-74 years.. ...................................................................................... 19 6 9 

Diastolic 

All ages, 6-74 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 60 76 25 

6 years.. ............................................................................................. 90 

7-I 1 years.. ........................................................................................ 26 

12-17 years.. ...................................................................................... 12 

18-24 years.. ...................................................................................... IO 

25-34 years ........................................................................................ 20 

35-44 years ........................................................................................ 9 

45-54 years.. ...................................................................................... 10 

5564 years.. ...................................................................................... 7 

65-74 years.. ...................................................................................... 20 

sures missing, who weighed between 3 11 and 398 

pounds, and no other examinees could be found 

to match their physical characteristics. Imputation of blood pressures for these examinees was 

accomplished by extrapolating the regression 

lines derived within lo-year age groups for each 

race and sex. Age, arm girth, weight, and height 

were used as the independent variables, even 

though only about 10 percent of the variation 

was accounted for by these physical variables. 

In addition, seven others with missing systolic 

and diastolic pressures had no physical measurements recorded. For these, an examinee was 

randomly selected from among those of the 

same age, race, and ses as the examinee with the 

missing pressures. The systolic and diastolic 

pressures of the randomly selected examinee 

were then used as the imputed pressures of the 

examinee with the missing pressures. 

races, 

both 

Male Fesexes male Male 

Female Male 

Female 

Number of examinees with missing blood pressure 

measurements 

195 59 

34 

7 

4 

2 

2 

2 

T 

6 

73 

26 

13 

5 

2 

IO 

3 

5 

3 

9 

22 

11 

3 

1 

1 

4 

1 

1 

13 

3 

1 

1 

5 

1 

1 

41 

17 

3 

2 

4 

3 

4 

2 

3 

3 

43 

17 

3 

2 

5 

3 

4 

2 

3 

4 

Total 

number of 

examinees 

17,854 

355 

1,702 

2,126 

2,296 

2,700 

2,328 

1,601 

1,267 

3,479 

17,854 

355 

1,702 

2,126 

2,296 

2,700 

2,328 

1,601 

1,267 

3,479 

Small Numbers 

In some tables magnitudes are shown for 

cells for which the sample size is so small that 

the sampling error may be several times as great 

as the statistic itself. Obviously in such instances 

the numbers, if shown, have been included to 

convey an impression of the overall story of the 

table. 

Sampling and Measurement Error 

In the present report, reference has been 

made to efforts to minimize bias and variability 

of measurement techniques. The potential for 

residual bias due to the high nonresponse rate 

has also been discussed. 

The probability design of the survey makes 

possible the calculation of sampling errors. 

95 
Traditionally the role of the sampling error has 

been the determination of how imprecise the 

survey results may be because they come from a 

sample rather than from the measurement of all 

elements in the universe. 

The estimation of sampling errors for a 

study of the type of the Health and Nutrition 

Examination Survey is difficult for at least three 

reasons: (1) measurement error and “pure” 

sampling error are confounded in the data-it is 

not easy to find a procedure which will either 

completely include both or treat one or the 

other separately, (2) the survey design and 

estimation procedure are complex, and, accordingly, require computationally involved 

techniques for the calculation of variances, and 

(3) hundreds of statistics are presented in the 

tables in this report, many for subclasses of the 

population for which there are a small number 

of sample cases. Estimates of sampling error are 

obtained from the sample data and are themselves subject to sampling error when the number of cases in a cell is small or, even occasionally, when the number of cases is substantial. 

Estimates of the standard errors for selected 

statistics used in this report are presented in 

most of the tables in this report. These estimates 

have been prepared by a replication technique 

which yields overall variability through observation of variability among random subsamples of 

the total sample.2 g $30 Again, readers are reminded that these estimated sampling errors do 

not reflect any residual bias which might still be 

present after the attempted correction for nonresponse. The standard error is primarily a 

measure of sampling variability, that is, the 

variations that might occur by chance because 

only a sample of the population is surveyed. As 

calculated for this report, the standard error also 

reflects part of the variation which arises in the 

measurement process. It does not include estimates of any biases which might lie in the data. 

The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an 

estimate from the sample would differ from a 

complete census by less than the standard error. 

The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the 

difference would be less than twice the standard 

error and about 99 out of 100 that it would be 

less than two and a half times as large. 

Tests of Significance 

The procedure used in this report for testing 

the significance of the difference between the 

two means consisted of dividing the difference 

between the two means by the standard error of 

the difference; that is a Z-statistic was computed. An approximation of the standard error 

of a difference d = x - y of the two statistics x 

and y is given by the formula S, = (Sz + SG )% 

where S, and S, are the sampling errors, 

respectively, of x and y. Of course, where the 

two groups or measures are positively or negatively correlated, this will give an overestimate 

or underestimate, respectively, of the actual 

standard error. 

If more than one test is implied (such as 

regional differences-six implied tests) then the 

Bonferroni test31 was used to test for significance. In the Bonferroni test the Z-statistic is 

also computed; but, for the difference between 

two means to be considered significant at the 

95-percent confidence level, the Z-stati& must 

be greater than or equal to 2.64 when six tests 

are implied. 

To test for a positive relationship between 

variables like education and blood pressure, it 

would be useful to fit a regression line to the 

data and then test if the slope of the line is 

significantly different from zero. However, the 

data from a complex survey such as HANES 

present certain very basic problems which make 

the use of classical regression procedures more 

difficult. Among these problems are the flack of 

complete independence among the origihal observations, lack of complete homoskedasticity, 

i.e., unequal variances of the dependent variable 

within each category of the independent variable, and possibly lack of normality in the 

distribution, etc. What follows is a description of 

a modified regression model which makes no 

assumptions about the original observations and 

which makes no stronger assumptions about the 

sample estimates than are made in testing 

whether two means are equal when the estimated means and their standard errors are 

obtained from complex surveys. Estim.ates of 

96 
the standard errors of the dependent variable 

used in this modified regression model were 

obtained from the half-sample replication technique discussed above. 

The proposed model is as follows: 

1. Let yi be the estimated mean and S,- be 

its estimated standard error for the ith 

group. 

2. Let Xi be the midpoint of the independent variable for the group. 

3. Assume ~~~ is based on a large enough 

number of observations that it can be 

assumed it is, in fact, equal to 0~ i and 

thus has no sampling error. 

4. Further assume that 

E(E) = a + /3x, 

V( yi) = s; i 

for i = 1, 2, . . . . K, where K’ is the 

number of groups. 

5. Finally, it is assumed that the yi’s are 

normally distributed and are statistically 

independent of each other. 

The proposed weighting procedure weights aI1 

observations by the reciprocal of the variance. 

That is, 

PI+- 

s; 

i 

and the mean j+ CY4 z%- 

and the mean B Cwix 

= cw, 

The slope is computed in a manner similar to 

the classical least squares regression, by the 

following formula: 

cw,(Xi - q. 

“=m 

ComputationaIIy, this is easily computed by 

b = cwzxiY. -(cw,> ew) 

c w,xi” -(CwJF’ 

The variance of the slope is 

+fg$ 

Now, since 

This formula can be simplified to 

and computationally 

s, = 

d 

1 

Cw*x? - (c Wi)P 

An approximate normal deviate test can now be 

performed by 

pb 

‘b 

This would test the hypothesis that p = 0 or, 

aIternativeIy, compute confidence intervals for 

PTests of Normality 

In this report the formulas used to measure 

kurtosis and skewness were those defined in the 

Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 

(SPSQ52 Kurtosis is defined as the general 

peakedness of a distribution. The formuIa is: 

i=l 

Kurtosis = -3 

I? 

97 
A positive value indicates that the distribution is 

more peaked than the normal distribution and a 

negative value indicates that the distribution is 

flatter than the normal distribution. Skewness = 

A skewed distribution is one that has a larger A positive value indicates that the distribution is 

number of cases in one tai1 of the distribution 

than in the other. The formula is: 

skewed to the right; a negative value indicates 

that the distribution is skewed to the Ieft. 

000 

98 
APPENDIX I I 

DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIOECONOMIC TERMS 

Age.-Two ages were recorded for each 

examinee: the age at last birthday at the time of 

examination and at the time of the census 

interview. The age criterion for inclusion in the 

sample used in this survey was defined as age at 

time of census interview. The adjustment and 

weighting procedures used to produce national 

estimates were based on the age at interview. 

Data in the detailed tables and text of the report 

are shown by age at the time of the examination, except that those few who became 75 

years by the time of the examination are 

included in the 65-74-year group. 

Race.-Race was recorded as %hite,” 

“Negro,” or “other.” “Other” includes Japanese, Chinese, American Indian, Korean, Eskimo, and all races other than white and Negro. 

Mexicans were included with “white” unless 

definitely known to be American Indian or of 

other nonwhite race. Negroes and persons of 

mixed Negro and other parentage were recorded 

as “Negro.” When a person of mixed racial 

background was uncertain about his race, the 

race of his father was recorded. 

Ancestry.-For a Negro eligible person, 

“Negro” was recorded on the household questionnaire without asking. If the respondent 

insisted that he did not have one main national 

origin, his compIete multiple origin was recorded, e.g., Scotch-Irish or Russian-Polish. 

However, only one origin was actually codedthe first one listed (that is, Scotch-Irish was 

coded as “Irish” and Russian-Polish was coded 

as “Russian”). If none of the origins could be 

coded using the given codes, the origin was 

coded as “other.” Religious groups were not 

identified with national origins, but if a respondent said he was “Jewish,” this was accepted. 

Geogaphic region.-The 48 contiguous 

States and the District of Columbia (excluding 

Alaska and Hawaii) were stratified into four 

broad geographic regions, each of about the 

same population size. With a few exceptions the 

compositions of the regions were as follows: 

Region 

Northeast . . . . . . 

Midwest ....... 

south ......... 

West . . . . . . . . . . 

States included 

Maine, New -Hampshire, 

Vermont, Massachusetts, 

Connecticut, Rhode Island, 

New York, New Jersey, 

Pennsylvania 

Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, IIlinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri 

Delaware, hlaryland, Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, Arkansas, Tennessee, 

North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, 

Alabama, hlississippi, Louisiana, District of CoIumbia 

Washington, Oregon, Idaho, 

Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, California, Arizona, New 

Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, 

Kansas, Nebraska, South 

Dakota, North Dakota 

In a few instances the actual boundaries of 

the regions did not follow State lines. Some 

strata in the hlidwest and South include PSU’s 

actually located in the West. Similarly, some 

strata in the West contain PSU’s located in the 

hfidwest and South. 

FamiZy income.-The income recorded was 

the total income received during the 12 months 

prior to the interview by the head of the 

99 
household and all other household members 

related to the head. This income was the gross 

cash income (excluding pay in kind) except in 

the case of a family with its own farm 01 

business. In that instance net income was recorded. Also included was the income of a 

member of the Armed Forces living at home with. 

his family (even though he was not considered a 

household member). If he was not living at 

home, allotments and other money received by 

the family from him were included in the family 

income figure. 

Education.-The only grades counted were 

those attended in a regular graded public 01 

private school where persons were given formal! 

education, whether during the day or at night:, 

on a fulltime or part-time attendance basis. A. 

“regular” school is one which advances a person 

toward an elementary or high school diploma, or 

a college, university, or professional school 

degree. Education received in vocational, trade, 

or business schools outside the regular school 

system was not counted in determining the 

highest grade of school completed. If a person 

attended school in a foreign country, at an 

ungraded school, under a tutor, or under other 

special circumstances, the nearest equivalent of 

his highest grade attended was given. 

Population density.-The classification of 

urban-rural areas was that used in the 1960 

census. According to the 1960 definition, those 

areas considered urban are: (a) places of 2,500 

inhabitants or more incorporated as cities, 

boroughs, villages, and towns (except towns in 

New England, New York, and Wisconsin); (b) 

the densely settled urban fringe, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of urbanized areas; 

(c) towns in New England and townships in 

New Jersey and Pennsylvania which contain no 

incorporated municipalities as subdivisions and 

have either 2,500 inhabitants or more, or a 

population of 2,500 to 25,000 and a density of 

1,500 persons per square mile; (d) counties in 

States other than the New England States, New 

Jersey, and Pennsylvania that have no incorporated municipalities within their bo&ndaries 

and have a density of 1,500 persons or more per 

square mile; and (e) unincorporated places of 

2,500 inhabitants or more which are not included in any urban fringe. The remaining 

population is classified as rural. 

By means of the first digit of the identification code on the household questionnaire, the 

urban and rural population was divided into the 

following categories according to population: 

(1) urban, 3,000,OOO or more; (2) urban, 

l,OOO,OOO-2,999,999; (3) urban, 2;50,000- 

999,999; (4) urban, under 250,000; (5’) urban 

not in urbanized area, 25,000 or more; (6) urban 

not in urbanized area, lO,OOO-24,999; (7) urban 

not in urbanized area, 2,500-9,999; and (8) 

rural. 

0 0 0 

100 
APPENDIX Ill 

SOURCES OF VARIATION IN BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT 

Venipuncture 

At some convenient time during the examination a venipuncture was done on the examinees by the nurse with the assistance of the 

dermatologist. This procedure may have had 

some effect upon the examinees’ blood pressure 

either elevating it because of apprehension or 

lowering it because of the removal of 55 cc. of 

blood. 

To determine the effect of the venipuncture 

on the blood pressures, the examinees were 

divided into two groups: those with blood 

pressure measurement taken first and those with 

venipuncture done first. Both groups were further subdivided by the amount of time that 

elapsed between the venipuncture and blood 

pressure determination. The results of this analysis are presented in table IV. Because of the 

substantial variation in blood pressure with age, 

the effect of age was removed by age adjusting 

the mean blood pressures. The direct method of 

adjustment was used for this purpose with the 

weighted population of the United States (November 1972) as the reference population. 

It might be expected that some if not a.lI of 

those who had their blood pressure taken before 

the venipuncture might be apprehensive about 

the procedure and consequently show some 

elevation in pressure if they were aware that 

they were soon to have the venipuncture done. 

However, as may be seen in table IV the 

age-adjusted mean systolic and diastolic pressures of those who had their blood pressures 

taken less than 20 minutes before they had the 

venipuncture are, respectively, 1.0 mm. Hg and 

3.0 mm. Hg lower, not higher than the systoIic 

and diastolic pressures of those that had 30 

minutes or more elapse before having the 

venipuncture done. The difference between the 

age-adjusted mean systolic pressures is statistically significant but that for diastolic pressures is 

not. Therefore, apprehension about the venipuncture was apparently not a significant factor 

affecting the blood pressures of those that had 

their blood pressures taken before the venipuncture. The significant elevation in systolic mean 

pressures among examinees who had their blood 

pressures taken 30 minutes or more before the 

venipuncture may be a reflection of the fact that 

many were measured near the beginning of the 

examination. In previous Health Examination 

Surveys the initial blood pressure of an examinee 

on whom more than one reading was obtained 

has generally been higher than the subsequent 

ones, possibly because of apprehension about 

the examination when the examinees first 

arrived. Since the time of day each examinee 

began the examination is not readily available, it 

is not possibIe to separate effects of normal 

variation in blood pressure during the day from 

those due to apprehension, if any, about the 

examination. 

Although apprehension about the examination or the venipuncture appeared not to bias 

the estimates in this report, the venipuncture . 

could have caused a hypotensive effect upon the 

blood pressures of those that had their blood 

pressure taken shortly after having the venipuncture done. If there was such a hypotensive 

effect, the mean blood pressure of those on 

whom these measurements were taken less than 

20 minutes after the venipuncture should be 

lower than those taken 30 minutes or longer 

afterward. In fact, no significant difference in 

101 
Table IV. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure of examinees 7-74 years, by age and time between blood pressure reading and 

veniouncture-mean. standard error of the mean. aae-adiusted values and samole size: United States. 1971-1974 .- . 

Blood pressure taken before venipuncture Blood pressure taken after venipuncture 

30 minutes 20-29 Less than 20 Less than 20 20-29 30 minutes 

or more minutes minutes minutes minutes or more 

F S>T x 67 x SX x SF jY SF #' 97 

mm. Hg 

Blood pressure and age 

Systolic 

Age-adjusted values.. ..... 

All ages,7-74 years.. ...... 

7-1 1 years.. ................................... 

12-17 years.. ................................. 

18-24 years.. ................................. 

25-34 years ................................... 

3544 years.. ................................. 

45-54 years.. ................................. 

55-64 years ................................... 

65-74 years.. ................................. 

Diastolic 

Age-adjusted values.. ..... 

All ages, 7-74 years.. ..... 

7-1 1 years.. ................................... 

12-17 years.. ................................. 

18-24 years ................................... 

25-34 years.. ................................. 

35-44 years.. ................................. 

45-54 years.. ................................. 

55-64 years.. ................................. 

65-74 years.. ................................. 

Sample size.. ................................. 

124.7 

124.0 

103.5 

114.0 

120.0 

121.5 

124.7 

133.5 

142.6 

151.6 

77.6 

77.2 

126.5 

123.7 119.6 

123.4 

123.3 

123.8 

0.61 126.3 

103.9 

113.8 

118.6 

120.4 

123.4 

130.3 

136.4 

149.2 

1.63 

1.58 

1.50 

1.92 

1.14 

2.83 

6.55 

2.91 

0.93 

0.94 

0.87 

0.72 

1.18 

1.53 

1.97 

1.52 

103.3 

112.4 

117.7 

120.8 

124.7 

132.2 

141.8 

147.4 

1.66 

1.13 

1.34 

1.54 

1.24 

2.41 

2.58 

2.16 

102.3 

112.6 

118.6 

120.7 

126.0 

1336 

14.1:2 

143.9 

1.09 

0.81 

0.68 

0.60 

0.76 

1.17 

0.97 

1 .I4 

65.0 

70.0 

74.3 

76.9 

81.8 

83.7 

84.6 

84.5 

1.22 

1.21 

0.96 

1.27 

1.12 

1.35 

2.35 

1.33 

65.1 

69.8 

74.4 

78.2 

80.7 

85.3 

85.4 

86.6 

0.87 

0.63 

0.61 

0.59 

0.84 

0.92 

1.08 

0.77 

64.4 

69.2 

73.0 

77.8 

82.7 

84.0 

87.1 

84.0 

1.66 

0.59 

0.72 

1.11 

0.68 

1.21 

1.56 

1.11 

65.2 

70.0 

73.8 

78.0 

83.0 

E15.7 

86.8 

85.3 

0.82 

0.63 

0.62 

0.42 

0.52 

0.71 

0.55 

0.65 

750 . . . 3,170 . . . 1,695 . . . 8,395 . . . 

103.6 

115.4 

121.4 

120.4 

126.5 

138.0 

143.7 

151.7 

78.1 

74.6 

0.99 

1.a9 

1.13 

1.39 

1.88 

2.61 

4.02 

1.72 

104.3 

115.8 

119.2 

122.4 

127.3 

132.6 

150.2 

157.7 

77.8 

75.8 

1.08 

1.37 

1.87 

1.46 

:2.53 

3.38 

4.13 

3.00 

Cl.65 

64.4 

69.9 

74.9 

76.5 

82.7 

86.7 

88.2 

86.1 

1,939 

1.03 

0.79 

1.16 

0.83 

1.27 

1.19 

1.87 

1.07 

. . . 

64.5 

68.7 

73.3 

77.2 

83.8 

83.9 

88.5 

88.3 

929 

0.87 

1.27 

1.50 

1.32 

1.72 

:2.22 

1.74 

1.24 

. . . 

NOTE: X= mean, s;= standard error of the mean. 

the age-adjusted mean systolic or diastolic pressures between the two groups was found. Hence, 

venipuncture apparently did not significantly 

bias the blood pressure measurements in this 

examination, whether taken before or afterward. 

End-Digit Preference 

An analysis of end-digit preference in a 

survey such as HANES is an important one 

because such an analysis indicates with what 

accuracy the blood pressures were being recorded by the examiners. In the Health and1 

Nutrition Examination Survey of 197 l- 1974, 

and the Health Examination Surveys of 1960- 

1962, 1963-1965, and 1966-1970, the examiners were instructed to measure and record the 

blood pressures of the examinees to the nearest 

2 mm. Hg. Any departure from those instructions could be detected by an analysis of the enddigits that were recorded. If the end-digits were 

randomly distributed among the even digits, as 

they should be, then each even end-digit should 

have a frequency 20 percent of the total. Table 

V contains the percent distribution of the enddigits of the first systolic and diastolic blood 

pressure reading for each of the four surveys 

mentioned above. 

In the HANES of 1971-1974 the most 

commonly recorded end-digit was the zero; 46.9 

102 
Table V. Percent distribution of enddigits of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 

1971-1974 and the Health Examination Surveys of 1960-1962,1963-1966,and 1966-1970 

End-digit 

100.0 

0 .............................................................................................. 

1 .............................................................................................. 

3” 

.............................................................................................. 

.............................................................................................. 

4 .............................................................................................. 

5 .............................................................................................. 

6 .............................................................................................. 

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 

-- 

-- 

46.9 43.9 32.5 

0.0 0.0 - 

10.9 10.1 16.1 

0.0 0.0 - 

13.7 14.0 18.0 

4.7 4.9 1.0 

10.1 12.3 15.1 

0.0 0.0 0.0 

13.6 14.7 17.3 

0.1 0.1 0.0 

-- 

NOTE: Percent distribution of end-digits for all four of the surveys are for the first reading. 

34.9 

0.0 

13.6 

0.0 

14.1 

1.0 

16.8 

7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

8 .............................................................................................. 

9 .............................................................................................. 

~ 

Percent distribution 

19.6 

0.0 

100.0 100.0 

24.7 24.8 

20.3 

21.6 

0.1 

14.7 

0.0 

18.6 

0.0 

18.5 

0.0 

17.1 

0.1 

13.4 

0.0 

26.1 

100.0 

24.0 

0.0 

19.4 

0.0 

22.0 

0.2 

20.0 

0.0 

14.4 

100.0 

37.1 

0.0 

11.3 

0.0 

19.1 

0.3 

19.9 

0.0 

12.3 

0.0 

percent of the systolic blood pressure meas- should have been. That is, many of the systolic 

urements and 43.9 percent of the diastolic blood and diastolic blood pressures were recorded 

pressure measurements were recorded with an accurately only to the nearest 10 mm. Hg rather 

end-digit of zero. Since a zero should have been than to the nearest 2 mm. Hg as was instructed. 

recorded as an end-digit only 20 percent of the In the previous three Health Examination Surtime, more than twice as many end-digits of zero veys the end-digit of zero was also recorded 

were recorded as were expected. This fact more often than was expected but in none of 

indicates that the blood pressures were appar- those surveys was the end-digit of zero recorded 

ently recorded with less accuracy than they as frequently as it was in HANES. 

000 

~US.GOVERNMENTPRlNTlNGOFFICE: 1977-26o-93229 

103 
VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS SERIES 

Formerly Public Health Service Publication No. 1000 

Series 1. Programs and Collection I+ocedures.-Reports which describe the general programs of the National 

Center for Health Statistics and its offices and divisions, data collection methods used, definitions, and 

other material necessary for understanding the data. 

Series 2. Data Evaluation and Methods Research.-Studies of new statistical methodology including experimental 

tests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods, new analytical techniques, 

objective evaluations of reliability of collected data, contributions to statistical theory. 

Series 3. Analytical Studies.-Reports presenting analytical or interpretive studies based on vital and health 

statistics, carrying the analysis further than the expository types of reports in the other series. 

Series 4. Documents and Committee Reports.-Final reports of major committees concerned with vital and 

health statistics, and documents such as recommended model vital registration laws and revised birth 

and death certificates. 

Series 10. Datafrom the Health Interview Survey.-Statistics on illness; accidental injuries; disability; use of 

hospital, medical, dental, and other services; and other health-related topics, based on data collected in 

a continuing national household ixtterview survey. 

Series 11. Data from the Health Examination Survey--Data from direct examination, testing, and measurement 

of national samples of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population provide the basis for two types of 

reports: (1) estimates of the medically defined prevalence of ipecific diseases in the United States and 

the distributions of the population with respect to physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics; and (2) analysis of relationships among the various measurements without reference to an 

explicit finite universe of persons. 

Series 12. Data from the Institutionalixed Population Surveys. -Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports from 

these surveys will be in Series 13. 

Series 13. Data on Health Resources Utilization.-Statistics on the utilization of health manpower and facilities 

providing long-term care, ambulatory care, hospital care, and family planning services. 

Series 14. Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Fhcilities.-Statistics on the numbers, geographic distribution, and characteristics of health resources including physicians, dentists, nurses, other health occupations, hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient facilities. 

Series 20. Data on Mortality.--Various statistics on mortality other than as included in regular annual or monthly 

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic variables; geographic and time 

series analyses; and statistics on characteristics of deaths not available from the vital records, based on 

sample surveys of those records. 

Series 21. Data on fiatality, Mawikge, and Divorce.-Various statistics on natality, marriage, and divorce other 

than as included in regular annual or monthly reports. Special analyses by demographic variables; 

geographic and time series analyses; studies of fertility; and statistics on characteristics .of births not 

available from the vital records, based on sample surveys of those records. 

Sties 22. Data from the National Mortality and Natal&y Surveys.-Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports 

from these sample surveys based on vital records will be included in Series 20 and 21, respectively. 

Series 23. Data from the National Survey of Family Growth.-Statistics on fertility, family formation and dissolution, family planning, and related maternal and infant health topics derived from a biennial survey of 

a nationwide probability sample of ever-married women 1544 years of age. 

For a list of titles of reports published in these series, write to: Scientific and Technical Information Branch 

National Center for Health Statistics 

Public Health Service, HRA 

Hyattsville, Md. 20782 
/ 

BLK. RATE