6076 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 

Dated: January 27, 2015. 

Joel Beauvais, 

Associate Administrator, Office of Policy. 

[FR Doc. 2015–02200 Filed 2–3–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ–OW–2012–0217; FRL–9922–38– 

OW] 

RIN 2040–A537 

Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate 

List 4— Draft 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: EPA is publishing for public 

review and comment a draft list of 

contaminants that are currently not 

subject to any proposed or promulgated 

national primary drinking water 

regulations. These contaminants are 

known or anticipated to occur in public 

water systems and may require 

regulation under the Safe Drinking 

Water Act (SDWA). This draft list is the 

fourth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 

4) published by the agency since the 

SDWA amendments of 1996. This Draft 

CCL 4 includes 100 chemicals or 

chemical groups and 12 microbial 

contaminants. The EPA seeks comment 

on the Draft CCL 4 and on 

improvements to the selection process 

for future CCLs for the agency to 

consider. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before April 6, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OW–2012–0217, by one of the following 

methods: 

• http://www.regulations.gov: Follow 

the on-line instructions for submitting 

comments. 

• Mail: Water Docket, Environmental 

Protection Agency, Mail code: 28221T, 

1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., 

Washington, DC 20460. 

• Hand Delivery: Water Docket, EPA 

Docket Center (EPA/DC) EPA West, 

Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. 

NW., Washington, DC 20004. Such 

deliveries are only accepted during the 

Docket’s normal hours of operation, and 

special arrangements should be made 

for deliveries of boxed information. 

Instructions: Direct your comments to 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OW–2012– 

0217. EPA’s policy is that all comments 

received will be included in the public 

docket without change and may be 

made available online at http://

www.regulations.gov, including any 

personal information provided, unless 

the comment includes information 

claimed to be Confidential Business 

Information (CBI) or other information 

whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 

Do not submit information that you 

consider to be CBI or otherwise 

protected through http://

www.regulations.gov or email. The 

http://www.regulations.gov Web site is 

an ‘‘anonymous access’’ system, which 

means EPA will not know your identity 

or contact information unless you 

provide it in the body of your comment. 

If you send an email comment directly 

to EPA without going through http://

www.regulations.gov, your email 

address will be automatically captured 

and included as part of the comment 

that is placed in the public docket and 

made available on the Internet. If you 

submit an electronic comment, EPA 

recommends that you include your 

name and other contact information in 

the body of your comment and with any 

disk or CD–ROM you submit. If EPA 

cannot read your comment due to 

technical difficulties and cannot contact 

you for clarification, EPA may not be 

able to consider your comment. 

Electronic files should avoid the use of 

special characters, any form of 

encryption, and be free of any defects or 

viruses. For additional instructions on 

submitting comments, go to Section I.B 

of the GENERAL INFORMATION 

section of this document. 

Docket: All documents in the docket 

are listed in the http://

www.regulations.gov index. Although 

listed in the index, some information is 

not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other 

information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. Certain other 

material, such as copyrighted material, 

will be publicly available only in hard 

copy. Publicly available docket 

materials are available either 

electronically in http://

www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at 

the Water Docket, EPA/DC, EPA West, 

Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. 

NW., Washington, DC 20004. The Public 

Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 

4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, 

excluding legal holidays. The telephone 

number for the Public Reading Room is 

(202) 566–1744, and the telephone 

number for the EPA Docket Center is 

(202) 566–2426. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For 

information on chemical contaminants 

contact Meredith Russell, Office of 

Ground Water and Drinking Water, 

Standards and Risk Management 

Division, at (202) 564–0814 or email 

russell.meredith@epa.gov. For 

information on microbial contaminants 

contact Hannah Holsinger, Office of 

Ground Water and Drinking Water, 

Standards and Risk Management 

Division, at (202) 564–0403 or email 

holsinger.hannah@epa.gov. For general 

information contact the EPA Safe 

Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426– 

4791 or email: hotline-sdwa@epa.gov. 

Abbreviations and Acronyms 

ATSDR—Agency for Toxic Substances and 

Disease Registry 

CA—California 

CASRN—Chemical Abstract Services 

Registry Number 

CDC—Centers for Disease Control and 

Prevention 

CCL—Contaminant Candidate List 

CCL 1—EPA’s First Contaminant Candidate 

List 

CCL 2—EPA’s Second Contaminant 

Candidate List 

CCL 3—EPA’s Third Contaminant Candidate 

List 

CCL 4—EPA’s Fourth Contaminant 

Candidate List 

CFR—Code of Federal Regulations 

EPA—United States Environmental 

Protection Agency 

ESA—Ethanesulfonic acid 

FL—Florida 

FR—Federal Register 

HPC—Heterotrophic Plate Count 

IL—Illinois 

MCL—Maximum Contaminant Level 

MCLG—Maximum Contaminant Level Goal 

MMWR—Morbidity and Mortality Weekly 

Report 

NC—North Carolina 

NCOD—National Contaminant Occurrence 

Database 

NDWAC—National Drinking Water Advisory 

Council 

NRC—National Academy of Science’s 

National Research Council 

NPDWR—National Primary Drinking Water 

Regulation 

OH—Ohio 

PCCL 3—Preliminary Contaminant Candidate 

List 3 

PCCL 4—Preliminary Contaminant Candidate 

List 4 

PFOA—Perfluorooctanoic Acid 

PFOS—Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid 

PWS—Public Water System 

SAB—Science Advisory Board 

SDWA—Safe Drinking Water Act 

SD—South Dakota 

STORET—EPA’s Storage and Retrieval 

database of water quality monitoring data 

collected by water resource management 

groups across the U.S. 

TX—Texas 

UCM—Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

UCMR 1—First Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule 

UCMR 2—Second Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule 

USDA—United States Department of 

Agriculture 

USEPA—United States Environmental 

Protection Agency 

USGS—United States Geological Survey 

WHO—World Health Organization 

WI—Wisconsin 

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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 6077 

1The MCLG is the ‘‘maximum level of a 

contaminant in drinking water at which no known 

or anticipated adverse effect on the health of 

persons would occur, and which allows an 

adequate margin of safety. Maximum contaminant 

level goals are non-enforceable health goals.’’ (40 

CFR 141.2; 42 U.S.C. 300g–1) 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents 

I. General Information 

A. Does this action impose any 

requirements on my public water 

system? 

B. What should I consider as I prepare my 

comments for EPA? 

II. Purpose, Background and Summary of 

This Action 

A. What is the purpose of this action? 

B. Statutory Requirements for CCL, 

Regulatory Determinations and 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

1. Contaminant Candidate List 

2. Regulatory Determinations 

3. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

C. Interrelationship of the CCL, Regulatory 

Determinations and Unregulated 

Contaminant Monitoring 

D. Summary of Previous CCLs and 

Regulatory Determinations 

1. The First Contaminant Candidate List 

2. The Regulatory Determinations for CCL 

1 Contaminants 

3. The Second Contaminant Candidate List 

4. The Regulatory Determinations for CCL 

2 Contaminants 

5. The Third Contaminant Candidate List 

6. The Regulatory Determinations for CCL 

3 Contaminants 

E. Summary of the Approach Used To 

Identify and Evaluate Candidates for CCL 

4 

1. Carry Forward of CCL 3 Contaminants 

2. Summary and Evaluation of CCL 4 

Nominated Contaminants 

3. Evaluation of Previous Negative 

Regulatory Determinations 

F. What is included on EPA’s Draft CCL 4? 

III. Request for Comment 

IV. EPA’s Next Steps 

V. References 

I. General Information 

A. Does this action impose any 

requirements on my public water 

system? 

The Draft Contaminant Candidate List 

4 (CCL 4) and the Final CCL 4, when 

published, will not impose any 

requirements on regulated entities. 

B. What should I consider as I prepare 

my comments for EPA? 

You may find the following 

suggestions helpful for preparing your 

comments: 

• Explain your views as clearly as 

possible. 

• Describe any assumptions that you 

used. 

• Provide any technical information 

and/or data you used that support your 

views. 

• Provide full references for any peer 

reviewed publication you used that 

support your views. 

• Provide specific examples to 

illustrate your concerns. 

• Offer alternatives. 

Make sure to submit your comments 

by the comment period deadline. To 

ensure proper receipt by EPA, identify 

the appropriate docket identification 

number in the subject line on the first 

page of your response. It would also be 

helpful if you provided the name, date, 

and Federal Register citation related to 

your comments. 

II. Purpose, Background and Summary 

of This Action 

This section briefly summarizes the 

purpose of this action, the statutory 

requirements, previous activities related 

to the Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) 

and the approach used to develop the 

Draft CCL 4. 

A. What is the purpose of this action? 

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), 

as amended in 1996, requires EPA to 

publish a list every five years of 

currently unregulated contaminants that 

may pose risks for drinking water 

(referred to as the Contaminant 

Candidate List, or CCL). This list is 

subsequently used to make regulatory 

determinations on whether to regulate at 

least five contaminants from the CCL 

with national primary drinking water 

regulations (NPDWRs) (SDWA section 

1412(b)(1)). The purpose of today’s 

action is to present EPA’s draft list of 

contaminants on the CCL 4 and the 

rationale for the selection process used 

to make the list. Today’s action only 

addresses the CCL 4. Regulatory 

determinations for contaminants on the 

CCL are a separate agency action. 

EPA requests comment on the Draft 

CCL 4 and suggestions for further 

improvements to the selection process 

for future CCLs for the agency to 

consider. 

B. Statutory Requirements for CCL, 

Regulatory Determinations and 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

1. Contaminant Candidate List 

Section 1412(b)(1) of the SDWA, as 

amended in 1996, requires EPA to 

publish the CCL every five years. The 

SDWA specifies that the list must 

include contaminants that are not 

subject to any proposed or promulgated 

NPDWRs, are known or anticipated to 

occur in public water systems (PWSs), 

and may require regulation under the 

SDWA. The unregulated contaminants 

considered for listing shall include, but 

not be limited to, hazardous substances 

identified in section 101(14) of the 

Comprehensive Environmental 

Response, Compensation, and Liability 

Act of 1980, and substances registered 

as pesticides under the Federal 

Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide 

Act. The SDWA directs the agency to 

consider the health effects and 

occurrence information for unregulated 

contaminants to identify those 

contaminants that present the greatest 

public health concern related to 

exposure from drinking water. The 

statute further directs the agency to take 

into consideration the effect of 

contaminants upon subgroups that 

comprise a meaningful portion of the 

general population (such as infants, 

children, pregnant women, the elderly 

and individuals with a history of serious 

illness or other subpopulations) that are 

identifiable as being at greater risk of 

adverse health effects due to exposure to 

contaminants in drinking water than the 

general population. EPA considers agerelated subgroups as ‘‘lifestages’’ in 

reference to a distinguishable time 

frame in an individual’s life 

characterized by unique and relatively 

stable behavioral and/or physiological 

characteristics that are associated with 

development and growth. Thus, 

childhood is viewed as a sequence of 

lifestages, from conception through fetal 

development, infancy and adolescence 

(see http://www2.epa.gov/children/

early-life-stages). 

2. Regulatory Determinations 

Section 1412(b)(1)(B)(ii) of the SDWA, 

as amended in 1996, requires EPA at 

five year intervals, to make 

determinations of whether or not to 

regulate no fewer than five 

contaminants from the CCL. The 1996 

SDWA Amendments specify three 

criteria to determine whether a 

contaminant may require regulation: 

• The contaminant may have an 

adverse effect on the health of persons; 

• The contaminant is known to occur 

or there is a substantial likelihood that 

the contaminant will occur in public 

water systems with a frequency and at 

levels of public health concern; and 

• In the sole judgment of the 

Administrator, regulation of such 

contaminant presents a meaningful 

opportunity for health risk reduction for 

persons served by public water systems. 

If EPA determines that these three 

statutory criteria are met and makes a 

final determination to regulate a 

contaminant, the agency has 24 months 

to publish a proposed Maximum 

Contaminant Level Goal 1 (MCLG) and 

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6078 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 

2An NPDWR is a legally enforceable standard 

that applies to public water systems. An NPDWR 

sets a legal limit (called a maximum contaminant 

level or MCL) or specifies a certain treatment 

technique for public water systems for a specific 

contaminant or group of contaminants. The MCL is 

the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed 

in drinking water and is set as close to the MCLG 

as feasible, using the best available treatment 

technology and taking cost into consideration. 

3The statute authorizes a nine month extension 

of this promulgation date. 

NPDWR2. After the proposal, the 

agency has 18 months to publish and 

promulgate a final MCLG and NPDWR 

(SDWA section 1412(b)(1)(E)) 3. 

3. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

Section 1445 of the SDWA mandates 

that EPA promulgate regulations 

(known as the Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule or UCMR) to establish 

criteria for a monitoring program for 

unregulated contaminants. The SDWA 

requires all large public water systems 

and a representative sample of smaller 

public water systems to monitor for 

unregulated contaminants. The statute 

requires EPA to issue a list every five 

years of not more than 30 unregulated 

contaminants to be monitored. The 

SDWA also specifies that EPA include 

the results of such monitoring, along 

with monitoring data for regulated 

contaminants and reliable information 

from other public and private sources, 

in a national drinking water occurrence 

database. EPA developed the National 

Contaminant Occurrence Database 

(NCOD) to contain the monitoring data 

from the UCMR program and other data 

as specified by the SDWA. The current 

UCMR (UCMR 3) requires monitoring 

for 30 contaminants (28 chemicals and 

two viruses) (77 FR 26071, May 2, 2012 

(USEPA, 2012a)). Sampling is occurring 

during 2013–2015. Twenty-one of the 

contaminants being monitored under 

UCMR3 are included on the CCL 3 and 

20 contaminants being monitored under 

UCMR3 are included on the Draft CCL 

4. 

C. Interrelationship of the CCL, 

Regulatory Determinations and 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

The CCL is the first step in evaluating 

the subset of potential contaminants 

that may require future NPDWRs. The 

CCL serves as the initial screening of 

potential contaminants, and inclusion 

on the CCL does not mean that any 

particular contaminant will necessarily 

be regulated in the future. The UCMR 

provides a mechanism to obtain 

nationally representative occurrence 

data for contaminants. Most unregulated 

contaminants chosen by EPA for 

monitoring have been selected from the 

CCL. When selecting contaminants for 

monitoring under the UCMR, EPA 

considers the availability of health 

effects data and the need for national 

occurrence data for contaminants, as 

well as analytical method availability 

and cost, availability of analytical 

standards and laboratory capacity to 

support a nationwide monitoring 

program. The contaminant occurrence 

data collected under the UCMR serves 

to better inform future CCLs and 

regulatory determinations. 

Contaminants on the CCL are evaluated 

to see which ones have sufficient 

information to allow the agency to make 

a regulatory determination. Those 

contaminants with sufficient 

information to make a regulatory 

determination are then evaluated based 

on the three statutory criteria in SDWA 

section 1412(b)(1), to determine whether 

a regulation is required (called a 

positive determination) or not required 

(called a negative determination). EPA 

must make regulatory determinations 

for at least five contaminants listed on 

the CCL every five years. For those 

contaminants without sufficient 

information to allow the agency to make 

a regulatory determination, EPA 

encourages research to provide the 

information needed to determine 

whether to regulate the contaminant. 

Today’s action addresses only the CCL 

4 and not the UCMR or regulatory 

determinations. 

D. Summary of Previous CCLs and 

Regulatory Determinations 

1. The First Contaminant Candidate List 

The first CCL (CCL 1) was published 

on March 2, 1998 (63 FR 10274 (USEPA, 

1998)). CCL 1 was developed based on 

recommendations by the National 

Drinking Water Advisory Council 

(NDWAC) and review by technical 

experts. It contained 50 chemicals and 

10 microbial contaminants/groups. EPA 

consulted with the scientific 

community, including the Science 

Advisory Board, on a process for 

developing the first CCL. 

2. The Regulatory Determinations for 

CCL 1 Contaminants 

EPA published its final regulatory 

determinations for a subset of 

contaminants listed on CCL 1 on July 

18, 2003 (68 FR 42898 (USEPA, 2003)). 

EPA identified nine contaminants from 

the 60 contaminants listed on CCL 1 

that had sufficient data and information 

available to make regulatory 

determinations. The nine contaminants 

were Acanthamoeba, aldrin, dieldrin, 

hexachlorobutadiene, manganese, 

metribuzin, naphthalene, sodium and 

sulfate. The agency determined that an 

NPDWR was not necessary for any of 

these nine contaminants at that time. 

The agency subsequently issued 

guidance on Acanthamoeba and Health 

Advisories for manganese, sodium and 

sulfate. 

3. The Second Contaminant Candidate 

List 

The agency published its Final CCL 2 

on February 24, 2005 (70 FR 9071 

(USEPA, 2005)). The agency carried 

forward the 51 remaining chemical and 

microbial contaminants from CCL 1 

(that did not have regulatory 

determinations) to CCL 2. 

4. The Regulatory Determinations for 

CCL 2 Contaminants 

EPA published its final regulatory 

determinations for a subset of 

contaminants listed on CCL 2 on July 

30, 2008 (73 FR 44251 (USEPA, 2008b)). 

EPA identified 11 contaminants from 

the 51 contaminants listed on CCL 2 

that had sufficient data and information 

available to make regulatory 

determinations. The 11 contaminants 

were boron, the dacthal mono- and diacid degradates; 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (pchlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE); 1,3- 

dichloropropene; 2,4-dinitrotoluene; 

2,6-dinitrotoluene; s-ethyl 

propylthiocarbamate (EPTC); fonofos; 

terbacil; and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane. 

The agency made a final determination 

that an NPDWR was not necessary for 

any of these 11 contaminants. New or 

updated Health Advisories were 

subsequently issued for boron, the 

dacthal degradates, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 

2,6-dinitrotoluene and 1,1,2,2- 

tetrachloroethane. 

5. The Third Contaminant Candidate 

List 

The agency published its Final CCL 3 

on October 8, 2009 (74 FR 51850 

(USEPA, 2009e)). The CCL 3 contained 

104 chemicals or chemical groups and 

12 microbial contaminants. In 

developing CCL 3, EPA improved and 

built upon the process that was used for 

CCL 1 and CCL 2. In 1998, the agency 

requested advice from the National 

Academy of Sciences’ National Research 

Council (NRC) on how to improve the 

CCL process. The NRC recommended a 

more reproducible process whereby a 

broadly defined ‘‘universe’’ of potential 

drinking water contaminants is 

identified, assessed and reduced to a 

preliminary CCL (PCCL) using simple 

screening criteria (NRC, 2001). All of the 

contaminants on the PCCL would then 

be evaluated in more detail to assess the 

likelihood that specific contaminants 

could occur in drinking water at levels 

that pose a public health concern. In 

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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 6079 

2002, the agency sought input from the 

NDWAC on how to implement the 

NRC’s recommendations to improve the 

CCL process. NDWAC agreed that EPA 

should proceed with the NRC’s 

recommendations and provided 

additional considerations and 

recommendations in a 2004 report 

(NDWAC, 2004). 

Based on these consultations, public 

input and peer review, EPA developed 

a multi-step process to select 

contaminants for the CCL 3, which 

included the following key steps: 

• Identification of a broad universe of 

potential drinking water contaminants 

(the CCL 3 Universe); 

• Screening the CCL 3 Universe to a 

PCCL, using criteria based on the 

potential to occur in public water 

systems and the potential for public 

health concern; 

• Evaluation of the PCCL 

contaminants based on a more detailed 

evaluation of occurrence and health 

effects data, using a scoring and 

classification system; and 

• Incorporating public input and 

expert review in the CCL 3 process. 

EPA also considered new information 

on contaminants identified by 

surveillance efforts, which included 

collaboration with internal EPA offices 

and other federal agencies and the 

review of scientific publications and 

data. The agency provided the public 

with the opportunity to nominate 

contaminants to be considered for the 

Draft CCL 3 and sought public comment 

on the Draft CCL 3 before the list was 

finalized. 

Exhibit 1 illustrates the multi-step 

CCL 3 approach. This generalized 

process was applied to both chemical 

and microbial contaminants, though the 

specific execution of particular steps 

differs between them. 

A complete description of the CCL 3 

process can be found in the Draft and 

Final CCL 3 Federal Register documents 

(73 FR 9628, February 21, 2008 (USEPA, 

2008a) and 74 FR 51850, October 8, 

2009 (USEPA, 2009e)). Supporting 

documents that explain each stage of the 

CCL 3 process in further detail (i.e., 

identifying the CCL 3 Universe, 

screening to the PCCL, and the 

classification of the PCCL to the CCL) 

can be found at: http://water.epa.gov/

scitech/drinkingwater/dws/ccl/ccl3_

processflowdiagram.cfm and in the CCL 

3 docket at www.regulations.gov (Docket 

ID: EPA–HQ–OW–2007–1189). 

6. The Regulatory Determinations for 

CCL 3 Contaminants 

On February 11, 2011, as a separate 

action, the agency issued a positive 

regulatory determination for 

perchlorate, a chemical listed in CCL 1, 

CCL 2 and CCL 3 (76 FR 7762; USEPA, 

2011). Recently, EPA published 

preliminary regulatory determinations 

for five unregulated contaminants (79 

FR 62716, October 20, 2014 (USEPA, 

2014a)). The five contaminants include: 

1,3-dinitrobenzene; dimethoate; 

strontium; terbufos; and terbufos 

sulfone. The agency is making 

preliminary determinations to regulate 

one contaminant (strontium) and to not 

regulate four contaminants (1,3- 

dinitrobenzene, dimethoate, terbufos, 

and terbufos sulfone). Therefore, the 

agency is removing perchlorate and 

these five contaminants from the Draft 

CCL 4, pending the result of the final 

regulatory determinations for CCL 3. 

E. Summary of the Approach Used To 

Identify and Evaluate Candidates for 

CCL 4 

EPA proposes an abbreviated three 

step evaluation and selection process for 

CCL 4: (1) Carrying forward CCL 3 

contaminants (except those with 

regulatory determinations), (2) seeking 

and evaluating nominations from the 

public for additional contaminants to 

consider, and (3) evaluating any new 

data for those contaminants with 

previous negative regulatory 

determinations from CCL 1 or CCL 2 for 

potential inclusion on the CCL 4. The 


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agency also seeks comment on how to 

further improve upon the process 

developed for CCL 3 as a tool for future 

CCLs. 

1. Carry Forward of CCL 3 Contaminants 

EPA carried forward all contaminants 

listed on CCL 3 to the Draft CCL 4 with 

the exception of perchlorate, for which 

the agency made a positive regulatory 

determination, and the five CCL 3 

contaminants with preliminary 

regulatory determinations (listed in 

Section D.6 of this notice), pending their 

final determinations. This carry forward 

process is consistent with that 

previously used in CCL 2. The agency 

has taken this approach based on the 

following considerations: (1) In 

developing the CCL 3, the agency 

implemented a robust process 

recommended by the NRC and the 

NDWAC to screen and score the 

universe of potential contaminants, (2) 

EPA used the best available, peerreviewed data and information to 

evaluate contaminants for CCL 3; and 

(3) Carrying forward CCL 3 

contaminants allows the agency to focus 

resources on evaluating contaminants 

nominated by the public for CCL 4 and 

review new data for CCL 1 or CCL 2 

contaminants with previous negative 

regulatory determinations. 

2. Summary and Evaluation of CCL 4 

Nominated Contaminants 

a. CCL 4 Nominations Summary 

EPA sought public nominations in a 

Federal Register document on May 8, 

2012, for contaminants to be considered 

for possible inclusion in the CCL 4 (77 

FR 27057 (USEPA, 2012b)). In the 

document, the agency also requested 

supporting information that has been 

made available since the development 

of the CCL 3, or existing information 

that was not considered for CCL 3, 

which shows that the nominated 

contaminant may have an adverse effect 

on people and occurs or is likely to 

occur in public water systems. 

EPA received nominations for 59 

unique contaminants for the CCL 4, 

including 54 chemicals and five 

microbials. Eight contaminants were 

nominated by more than one 

organization or individual. Aldicarb, 

bisphenol A, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, 

Toxoplasma gondii, and Microcystin-LR 

were each nominated by two separate 

organizations or individuals. Manganese 

and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were 

each nominated by three different 

organizations or individuals. 

Nominations were received from 10 

different organizations and/or 

individuals. The agency did not require 

nominators to provide their name or an 

affiliated organization. Two nominators 

remained anonymous while providing 

documentation and rationale for the 

contaminants. Two other individuals 

identified themselves but did not 

provide an organization affiliation. The 

identified organizations that nominated 

contaminants were: 

• American Water Works Association, 

• Natural Resources Defense Council, 

• Massachusetts Department of 

Environmental Protection, 

• Minnesota Department of Health, 

• New Jersey Department of 

Environmental Protection, and 

• U.S. Department of Agriculture 

(USDA). 

EPA received three general types of 

nominations: 

• Specific individual chemicals, 

• Specific individual organisms, and 

• Groups of contaminants (e.g., 

Heterotrophic Plate Count was 

considered as a group). 

The American Water Works 

Association also provided a letter with 

recommendations for the CCL 4 process. 

The full text of this letter and all of the 

nomination submittals in their original 

form can be found at http://

www.regulations.gov (docket ID: EPA– 

HQ–OW–2012–0217). Exhibit 2 contains 

the specific contaminants identified in 

public nominations. A more detailed 

summary of the nominations process is 

included in the support document 

‘‘Summary of Nominations for the 

Fourth Contaminant Candidate List’’ 

(USEPA, 2015e). 

EXHIBIT 2. CONTAMINANTS NOMINATED

FOR CONSIDERATION ON THE DRAFT

CCL 4: NOMINATED MICROBIAL

CONTAMINANTS

Adenovirus 

Heterotrophic Plate Count Bacteria (HPC) 

Naegleria fowleri 

Toxoplasma gondii 

Vibrio cholerae 

NOMINATED CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS

Common Name – Registry 

Name CASRN 

3-chloro-4-dichloromethyl-5- 

hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone .... 77439–76–0 

alphaHexachlorocyclohexane .... 319–84–6 

Aldicarb ................................. 116–06–3 

Alkylphenol mono- to trioxylates ............................. 68555–24–8 

Amoxicillin ............................. 26787–78–0 

Azinphos-methyl ................... 86–50–0 

Bacitracin zinc ...................... 1405–89–6 

Bentazone ............................. 25057–89–0 

Benzyl butyl phthalate .......... 85–68–7 

Bisphenol A .......................... 80–05–7 

Bromoxynil ............................ 1689–84–5 

NOMINATED CHEMICAL

CONTAMINANTS—Continued 

Common Name – Registry 

Name CASRN 

Carbaryl ................................ 63–25–2 

Cesium 137 .......................... 10045–97–3 

Chlorothalonil ........................ 1897–45–6 

Chlorpyrifos ........................... 2921–88–2 

Dibutyl phthalate ................... 84–74–2 

Dicamba ................................ 1918–00–9 

Dichlorvos ............................. 62–73–7 

Dicofol ................................... 115–32–2 

Dicyclohexyl phthalate .......... 84–61–7 

Diethyl phthalate ................... 84–66–2 

Di-isononyl phthalate ............ 28553–12–0 

Dimethyl phthalate ................ 131–11–3 

Di-n-octyl phthalate ............... 117–84–0 

Endosulfan ............................ 115–29–7 

Fluometuron .......................... 2164–17–2 

Linezolid ................................ 165800–03–3 

Linuron .................................. 330–55–2 

Malathion .............................. 121–75–5 

Manganese ........................... 7439–96–5 

Methicillin .............................. 61–32–5 

Methyl parathion ................... 298–00–0 

Methyl tertiary butyl ether 

(MTBE) .............................. 1634–04–4 

Microcystin-LR ...................... 101043–37–2 

Nonylphenol .......................... 25154–52–3 

Nonylphenol ethoxylate ........ 9016–45–9 

Octylphenol ........................... 27193–28–8 

Octylphenol ethoxylate ......... 9036–19–5 

Oxacillin ................................ 66–79–5 

Penicillin ................................ (multiple 

CASRNs) 

Perfluorooctanoic acid 

(PFOA) .............................. 335–67–1 

Permethrin ............................ 52645–53–1 

Phosmet ................................ 732–11–6 

Progesterone ........................ 57–83–0 

Radon ................................... 10043–92–2 

Spiramycin ............................ 8025–81–8 

Strontium 90 ......................... 121831–99–0 

Testosterone ......................... 58–22–0 

Trichlorfon ............................. 52–68–6 

Triclocarban .......................... 101–20–2 

Triclosan ............................... 3380–34–5 

Tylosin .................................. 1401–69–0 

Vancomycin .......................... 1404–90–6 

Virginiamycin ........................ 11006–76–1 

b. Evaluation of Nominated 

Contaminants and Data Sources 

The SDWA specifies that the CCL 

only include those contaminants 

without any proposed or promulgated 

NPDWRs. Two nominated contaminants 

are covered under the existing NPDWR 

for beta photon emitters (40 CFR 

141.66(d)(1)) (i.e., strontium 90 and 

cesium 137), hence, the agency will not 

consider them for CCL 4. Radon was 

also nominated, but is not eligible for 

CCL 4 since the agency developed and 

proposed a NPDWR (64 FR 59245, 

November 2, 1999 (USEPA, 1999)). 

Aldicarb was nominated but is not 

eligible for CCL 4 since it has an 

existing NPDWR (40 CFR 141.61(c)); 

(Note, in response to an administrative 

petition, the agency issued an 

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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 6081 

administrative stay of the effective date 

of the maximum contaminant levels for 

aldicarbs). 

For the remaining 55 nominated 

contaminants, EPA reviewed the 

nominations and supporting 

information to determine if any new 

data were provided that had not been 

previously evaluated for CCL 3. Seven 

of the nominated contaminants were on 

CCL 3 and were carried forward to the 

Draft CCL 4, however the agency 

subsequently excluded those seven from 

the CCL 4 Universe. The agency also 

collected additional data for the 

nominated contaminants, when it was 

available, from both updated CCL 3 data 

sources and from new data sources that 

were not available at the time the 

agency finalized CCL 3. A complete list 

of references provided by nominators 

can be found in the support document 

‘‘Summary of Nominations for the 

Fourth Contaminant Candidate List’’ 

(USEPA, 2015e). A more detailed 

description of the CCL data sources 

collected by EPA may be found in the 

support document ‘‘Data Sources for the 

Contaminant Candidate List 4’’ (USEPA, 

2015c). If new data were available, EPA 

screened and scored the nominated 

contaminants using the same process 

that was used in CCL 3. 

Data Sources for Chemical and 

Microbial Contaminants 

For nominated chemicals, occurrence 

data was collected from updated CCL 3 

data sources including: 

• 2006 production data collected in 

the Chemical Update System under the 

Inventory Update Rule, 

• 2010 data from the Toxics Release 

Inventory, 

• 2003–2009 data from the USDA 

Pesticide Data Program, and 

• EPA’s Storage and Retrieval 

(STORET) data as of January 2013. 

Additional occurrence data for the 

nominated chemicals were collected 

from data sources that are new since the 

CCL 3 including: 

• United States Geological Survey 

(USGS) studies that focused on 

contaminant occurrence in source 

waters for public water systems (Hopple 

et al., 2009, and Kingsbury et al., 2008) 

and water quality in public-supply 

wells (Toccalino et al., 2010); 

• Individual State public water 

supply data provided to EPA during the 

second Six-Year Review of regulated 

contaminants (for the time period 

covering 1998–2005) from States 

including: CA, EPA Region 9 Tribes, FL, 

IL, NC, OH, SD, TX and WI; 

• Data from The California State 

Water Resources Control Board’s 

Groundwater Ambient Monitoring 

Assessment program; and 

• New data from an EPA literature 

review of published studies on 

pharmaceuticals, personal care products 

and other contaminants. 

In addition to health effects data 

provided by the nominators, EPA 

searched for health effects data for the 

nominated chemicals from data sources 

used in CCL 3 that may have been 

updated including: 

• EPA’s Integrated Risk Information 

System program, 

• EPA’s Office of Pesticide Programs, 

• The Agency for Toxic Substances 

and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 

• The California EPA (Office of 

Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment), 

• The Institute of Medicine, 

• The National Toxicology Program, 

and 

• The World Health Organization 

(WHO). 

EPA also considered new or updated 

health effects information contained in 

the agency’s Office of Superfund 

Remediation and Technology 

Innovation Provisional Peer Reviewed 

Toxicity Values. 

For microbial contaminants, EPA 

evaluated waterborne disease outbreak 

data, and occurrence and health effects 

data, from data sources used in CCL 3, 

which have been updated (Murray et al., 

2011; CDC, 2008; CDC, 2011). EPA also 

collected and evaluated information for 

microbial contaminants from data 

sources that are new since publication 

of the Final CCL 3. 

A more detailed description of the 

data sources used to evaluate 

contaminants for CCL 4 can be found in 

the support document ‘‘Data Sources for 

the Contaminant Candidate List 4’’ 

(USEPA, 2015c) available at http://

www.regulations.gov (Docket ID: EPA– 

HQ–OW–2012–0217). 

c. Outcomes for the CCL 4 Nominated 

Contaminants 

Forty-three of the nominated 

chemicals were included in the CCL 4 

Universe. Forty of the nominated 

chemicals were previously included in 

the CCL 3 Universe and were carried 

forward to the CCL 4 Universe. In 

addition to these 40, EPA added three 

nominated chemicals (i.e., octylphenol 

ethoxylate, oxacillin, and 

virginiamycin) to the CCL 4 Universe 

based on health effects and/or 

occurrence data that is newly available 

since the Final CCL 3. EPA screened all 

of the nominated chemicals in the CCL 

4 Universe according to the screening 

criteria developed for CCL 3 and based 

on that evaluation, the agency included 

20 of the nominated chemicals on the 

PCCL 4. Eighteen of those 20 chemicals 

were also included in the PCCL 3, and 

EPA added two new chemicals 

(manganese and nonylphenol) to the 

PCCL 4. The data used to screen the 

nominated chemicals from the CCL 4 

Universe to the PCCL 4 can be found in 

the ‘‘Screening Document for the Draft 

PCCL 4 Nominated Contaminants’’ 

(USEPA, 2015d). EPA further evaluated 

the nominated chemicals on the PCCL 4 

based on the classification process 

developed in CCL 3 and determined that 

manganese and nonylphenol should be 

added to the Draft CCL 4 based on new 

health and/or occurrence information 

(in addition to the chemicals carried 

forward from the CCL 3). The data that 

the agency used to further evaluate the 

nominated contaminants from the PCCL 

4, and to select those that were included 

in the Draft CCL 4, can be found in the 

‘‘Contaminant Information Sheets (CISs) 

for the Draft Fourth Preliminary 

Contaminant Candidate List (PCCL 4) 

Nominated Contaminants’’ (USEPA, 

2015b). 

Manganese is an element that 

naturally occurs in oxide forms and in 

combinations with other elements in 

many minerals. Manganese is an 

essential nutrient for humans and 

animals. Manganese ores are used in a 

variety of applications in the United 

States. Its principal use is in steel 

production to improve hardness, 

stiffness and strength (ATSDR, 2012). In 

2003 and as part of the first (CCL 1) 

Regulatory Determination process, EPA 

made a negative regulatory 

determination for manganese based on 

the health and occurrence data available 

at that time. However, CCL 4 

nominators cited more than 20 recent 

studies that indicate concern for 

neurological effects in children and 

infants exposed to excess manganese, 

which were not available at the time 

manganese was considered for the first 

Regulatory Determination or CCL 3. In 

addition, new monitoring studies from 

USGS and drinking water monitoring 

information from several States support 

an earlier survey (i.e., the National 

Inorganics and Radionuclides Survey), 

which indicates manganese is known to 

occur in drinking water. EPA has 

determined that the new health effects 

information and additional occurrence 

data merit listing manganese in the Draft 

CCL 4. 

Nonylphenol is used in the 

preparation of lubricating oil additives, 

resins, plasticizers and antioxidants for 

plastics and rubber. Additionally, 60 

percent of nonylphenol is used in the 

production of nonylphenol ethoxylates, 

which are found in detergents and used 

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6082 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 

in the treatment of textiles. 

Nonylphenol was previously considered 

for CCL 3. It was included in the CCL 

3 Universe, but was not included in the 

PCCL 3 or CCL 3. Updated health and 

occurrence data are now available for 

nonylphenol, and these data were 

considered by the agency in evaluating 

nonylphenol for the Draft CCL 4. 

Nonylphenol and some of its 

degradation products have been found 

to have estrogenic activity in rats and 

mice (WHO, 2004), and additional 

occurrence data are available from a 

USGS National Reconnaissance 

monitoring study of ambient water 

(Kolpin et al., 2002). EPA has 

determined that this updated health 

data and additional occurrence data 

show that nonylphenol is anticipated to 

occur in PWSs, has potential adverse 

health effects and, therefore, merits 

listing on the Draft CCL 4. 

EPA considered adding dicofol to the 

Draft CCL 4, however, both of the most 

recent manufacturers of the pesticide 

ceased all production as of May 17, 

2011, and agreed to an EPA registration 

cancellation, which effectively prohibits 

all labeled uses of existing stocks after 

October 31, 2016. Use of dicofol has 

declined significantly in recent years. In 

addition, the chemical properties of 

dicofol indicate that it has low mobility 

in water because it is expected to adsorb 

to organic matter in soil and sediment 

and it has moderately low solubility in 

water. As a result, the agency did not 

list dicofol on the Draft CCL 4 because 

it is not known or anticipated to occur 

in drinking water. 

EPA evaluated the microbial 

contaminants nominated for the CCL 4 

(see Exhibit 2) using the same process 

developed for the CCL 3. Taylor et al. 

(2001) was used as the basis of the 

microbial CCL 3 Universe, which 

includes a list of 1,415 known human 

pathogens. EPA added 10 additional 

microbes to the CCL 3 Universe based 

on CCL 3 public nominations and other 

available data, thus bringing the total 

number of microbes in the CCL 3 

Universe to 1,425. More detailed 

information about the selection of the 

CCL 3 Universe for microbial 

contaminants can be found in the 

support document ‘‘Final Contaminant 

Candidate List 3 Microbes: Identifying 

the Universe’’ (USEPA, 2009b). 

The microbes in the CCL 3 Universe 

were subsequently screened into the 

PCCL 3 by applying 12 criteria to 

narrow the CCL 3 Universe of all human 

pathogens to just those pathogens that 

could be transmitted through drinking 

water. More detailed information on the 

screening process developed under CCL 

3 for the microbial contaminants can be 

found in the support document ‘‘Final 

Contaminant Candidate List 3 Microbes: 

Screening to the PCCL’’ (USEPA, 

2009d). 

All the microbes nominated for the 

CCL 4, with the exception of 

Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) 

bacteria, were already included in both 

the CCL 3 Universe and PCCL 3. Thus, 

the agency carried forward those 

microbes to the CCL 4 Universe and 

PCCL 4, respectively. 

EPA reviewed new and/or updated 

sources of information for the 

nominated microbes on the PCCL 4 (i.e., 

Adenovirus, Naegleria fowleri, 

Toxoplasma gondii and Vibrio 

cholerae), and determined that there 

were no new data that would change the 

scores or listing decisions for these 

contaminants. 

Vibrio cholerae and Toxoplasma 

gondii will remain on the Draft PCCL 4 

because there are no new data that 

would change the CCL 3 scores or 

listing decisions for these contaminants. 

Naegleria fowleri and Adenovirus were 

on the Final CCL 3 and are therefore 

being carried forward to the Draft CCL 

4, along with the other microbes 

included on the Final CCL 3. A detailed 

description of the CCL 3 scoring 

protocol for microbes can be found in 

the support document ‘‘Final 

Contaminant Candidate List 3 Microbes: 

PCCL to CCL Process’’ (USEPA, 2009c). 

The data used to further evaluate the 

nominated microbes on the PCCL 4 can 

be found in the ‘‘Contaminant 

Information Sheets (CISs) for the Draft 

Fourth Preliminary Contaminant 

Candidate List (PCCL 4) Nominated 

Contaminants’’ (USEPA, 2015b). 

The group of HPC bacteria was 

nominated for CCL 4, but EPA is not 

including it on the Draft CCL 4. HPC 

may include both pathogenic and 

harmless bacteria. However, available 

epidemiological evidence shows no 

relationship between gastrointestinal 

illness and HPC bacteria in drinking 

water (Calderon, 1988; Calderon and 

Mood, 1991; Payment et al., 1997; WHO, 

2003). Thus, EPA considers the 

potential health risk of HPC bacteria in 

drinking water as likely negligible and 

is not including HPC on the Draft CCL 

4. In addition, HPC bacteria are 

addressed by the treatment technique 

requirements under the Surface Water 

Treatment Rule, where they can be 

monitored in lieu of a disinfectant 

residual. 

3. Evaluation of Previous Negative 

Regulatory Determinations 

EPA evaluated the 20 contaminants 

from CCL 1 and CCL 2 for which the 

agency made negative regulatory 

determinations. EPA collected and 

evaluated new or updated data for the 

previous negative regulatory 

determinations, if data were available, 

from the data sources listed in section 

II.E.2(b), ‘‘Evaluation of Nominated 

Contaminants and Data Sources.’’ Since 

regulatory determinations for the CCL 3 

contaminants were recently made using 

the best available data, EPA did not 

include the CCL 3 regulatory 

determinations in this evaluation. EPA 

is adding manganese to the Draft CCL 4, 

as previously discussed in section 

11.E.2, ‘‘Summary and Evaluation for 

CCL 4 Nominated Contaminants.’’ The 

agency concluded there was not 

sufficient new information for any of the 

other 19 contaminants with previous 

negative regulatory determinations to 

justify including them on the Draft CCL 

4. A listing of previous negative 

regulatory determinations is included in 

sections II.D.2 and II.D.4. 

F. What is included on EPA’s Draft CCL 

4? 

The Draft CCL 4 includes 100 

chemicals and 12 microbes. 

EXHIBIT 3. DRAFT CONTAMINANT CANDIDATE LIST 4: MICROBIAL CONTAMINANTS

Pathogens 

Adenovirus 

Caliciviruses 

Campylobacter jejuni 

Enterovirus 

Escherichia coli (0157) 

Helicobacter pylori 

Hepatitis A virus 

Legionella pneumophila 

Mycobacterium avium 

Naegleria fowleri 

Salmonella enterica 

Shigella sonnei 

CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS 4

Common name—Registry 

name CASRN 

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane .... 630–20–6 

1,1-Dichloroethane ............... 75–34–3 

1,2,3-Trichloropropane ......... 96–18–4 

1,3-Butadiene ....................... 106–99–0 

1,4-Dioxane .......................... 123–91–1 

17 alpha-Estradiol ................. 57–91–0 

1-Butanol .............................. 71–36–3 

2-Methoxyethanol ................. 109–86–4 

2-Propen-1-ol ........................ 107–18–6 

3-Hydroxycarbofuran ............ 16655–82–6 

4,4’-Methylenedianiline ......... 101–77–9 

Acephate ............................... 30560–19–1 

Acetaldehyde ........................ 75–07–0 

Acetamide ............................. 60–35–5 

Acetochlor ............................. 34256–82–1 

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic 

acid (ESA) ......................... 187022–11–3 

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CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS 4— 

Continued 

Common name—Registry 

name CASRN 

Acetochlor oxanilic acid (OA) 194992–44–4 

Acrolein ................................. 107–02–8 

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid 

(ESA) ................................. 142363–53–9 

Alachlor oxanilic acid (OA) ... 171262–17–2 

AlphaHexachlorocyclohexane .... 319–84–6 

Aniline ................................... 62–53–3 

Bensulide .............................. 741–58–2 

Benzyl chloride ..................... 100–44–7 

Butylated hydroxyanisole ...... 25013–16–5 

Captan .................................. 133–06–2 

Chlorate ................................ 14866–68–3 

Chloromethane (Methyl chloride) ................................... 74–87–3 

Clethodim .............................. 110429–62–4 

Cobalt ................................... 7440–48–4 

Cumene hydroperoxide ........ 80–15–9 

Cyanotoxins .......................... N/A 

Dicrotophos ........................... 141–66–2 

Dimethipin ............................. 55290–64–7 

Disulfoton .............................. 298–04–4 

Diuron ................................... 330–54–1 

Equilenin ............................... 517–09–9 

Equilin ................................... 474–86–2 

Erythromycin ......................... 114–07–8 

Estradiol (17-beta estradiol) 50–28–2 

Estriol .................................... 50–27–1 

Estrone ................................. 53–16–7 

Ethinyl Estradiol (17-alpha 

Ethinyl Estradiol) ............... 57–63–6 

Ethoprop ............................... 13194–48–4 

Ethylene glycol ..................... 107–21–1 

Ethylene oxide ...................... 75–21–8 

Ethylene thiourea .................. 96–45–7 

Fenamiphos .......................... 22224–92–6 

Formaldehyde ....................... 50–00–0 

Germanium ........................... 7440–56–4 

Halon 1011 

(bromochloromethane) ...... 74–97–5 

HCFC–22 .............................. 75–45–6 

Hexane ................................. 110–54–3 

Hydrazine .............................. 302–01–2 

Manganese ........................... 7439–96–5 

Mestranol .............................. 72–33–3 

Methamidophos .................... 10265–92–6 

Methanol ............................... 67–56–1 

Methyl bromide 

(Bromomethane) ............... 74–83–9 

Methyl tertiary butyl ether 

(MTBE) .............................. 1634–04–4 

Metolachlor ........................... 51218–45–2 

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic 

acid (ESA) ......................... 171118–09–5 

Metolachlor oxanilic acid 

(OA) ................................... 152019–73–3 

Molinate ................................ 2212–67–1 

Molybdenum ......................... 7439–98–7 

Nitrobenzene ........................ 98–95–3 

Nitroglycerin .......................... 55–63–0 

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone ......... 872–50–4 

N-nitrosodiethylamine 

(NDEA) .............................. 55–18–5 

N-nitrosodimethylamine 

(NDMA) ............................. 62–75–9 

N-nitroso-di-n-propylamine 

(NDPA) .............................. 621–64–7 

N-Nitrosodiphenylamine ....... 86–30–6 

N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) 930–55–2 

Nonylphenol .......................... 25154–52–3 

CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS 4— 

Continued 

Common name—Registry 

name CASRN 

Norethindrone (19- 

Norethisterone) ................. 68–22–4 

n-Propylbenzene ................... 103–65–1 

o-Toluidine ............................ 95–53–4 

Oxirane, methyl- ................... 75–56–9 

Oxydemeton-methyl .............. 301–12–2 

Oxyfluorfen ........................... 42874–03–3 

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid 

(PFOS) .............................. 1763–23–1 

Perfluorooctanoic acid 

(PFOA) .............................. 335–67–1 

Permethrin ............................ 52645–53–1 

Profenofos ............................ 41198–08–7 

Quinoline ............................... 91–22–5 

RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,5- 

trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) ......... 121–82–4 

sec-Butylbenzene ................. 135–98–8 

Tebuconazole ....................... 107534–96–3 

Tebufenozide ........................ 112410–23–8 

Tellurium ............................... 13494–80–9 

Thiodicarb ............................. 59669–26–0 

Thiophanate-methyl .............. 23564–05–8 

Toluene diisocyanate ............ 26471–62–5 

Tribufos ................................. 78–48–8 

Triethylamine ........................ 121–44–8 

Triphenyltin hydroxide 

(TPTH) .............................. 76–87–9 

Urethane ............................... 51–79–6 

Vanadium .............................. 7440–62–2 

Vinclozolin ............................. 50471–44–8 

Ziram ..................................... 137–30–4 

4 Contaminants on the Final CCL 3 but not 

on the Draft CCL 4 are: 1,3-dinitrobenzene, 

dimethoate, perchlorate, strontium, terbufos, 

and terbufos sulfone. 

III. Request for Comment 

The purpose of this document is to 

present the Draft CCL 4 and seek 

comment on the contaminants selected 

for the Draft CCL 4, including any 

supporting data that can be used in 

developing the Final CCL 4. Data that 

the agency obtained and evaluated for 

developing the Draft CCL 4 may be 

found in the CCL 4 support documents 

located in the docket for this document. 

Specifically, the agency is asking for 

public comments on including 

manganese and nonylphenol on the CCL 

4, and any additional data and 

information on manganese and 

nonylphenol health effects and 

concentrations in finished or ambient 

water. EPA is also seeking comment on 

ways the agency can improve or refine 

the selection process developed for CCL 

3, and will take these comments into 

consideration when developing future 

CCLs. The agency will consider all 

information and comments received in 

determining the Final CCL 4, in the 

development of future CCLs, and in the 

EPA’s efforts to set drinking water 

priorities in the future. 

IV. EPA’s Next Steps 

Between now and the publication of 

the Final CCL 4, the agency will 

evaluate comments received during the 

public comment period for this 

document, consult with the EPA’s 

Science Advisory Board and revise the 

CCL 4 as appropriate. 

V. References 

ATSDR. 2012. ToxFAQs for Manganese. 

Atlanta, GA. October, 2012. Available on the 

Internet at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxfaqs/ 

tf.asp?id=101&tid=23. 

Calderon, R.L. 1988. Bacteria Colonizing 

Point-of-Entry Granular Activated Carbon 

filters and their Relationship to Human 

Health. EPA CR–813978–01–0, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, 

Washington, DC. 

Calderon, R.L. and Mood, E.W. 1991. 

Bacteria Colonizing Point-of-Use Granular 

Activated Carbon Filters and their 

Relationship to Human Health. EPA CR 

811904–01–0, U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency, Washington, DC. 

CDC. 2008. Surveillance for Waterborne 

Disease and Outbreaks Associated with 

Drinking Water and Water not Intended for 

Drinking—United States, 2005–2006. MMWR 

57 (SS–9). 

CDC. 2011. Surveillance for Waterborne 

Disease and Outbreaks Associated with 

Drinking Water—United States, 2007–2008. 

MMWR 60 (SS–12). 

Code of Federal Regulations. Revised as of 

July 1, 2012. Title 40 Protection of the 

Environment. Subpart G—National Primary 

Drinking Water Regulations: Maximum 

Contaminant Levels and Maximum Residual 

Disinfectant Levels. Section 141.61 (c). 

Code of Federal Regulations. Revised as of 

July 1, 2012. Title 40 Protection of the 

Environment. Subpart G—National Primary 

Drinking Water Regulations: Maximum 

Contaminant Levels and Maximum Residual 

Disinfectant Levels. Section 141.66 (d)(1). 

Hopple, J.A., G.C. Delzer, and J.A. 

Kingsbury. 2009. Anthropogenic Organic 

Compounds in Source Water of Selected 

Community Water Systems that Use 

Groundwater, 2002–05. U.S. Geological 

Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009– 

5200. 74 pp. Available on the Internet at: 

http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2009/5200/pdf/

sir2009-5200.pdf. 

Kingsbury, J.A., G.C. Delzer, and J.A. 

Hopple. 2008. Anthropogenic Organic 

Compounds in Source Water of Nine 

Community Water Systems that Withdraw 

from Streams, 2002–05. U.S. Geological 

Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008– 

5208. 66 pp. Available on the Internet at: 

http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2008/5208/pdf/

sir2008-5208.pdf. 

Kolpin, D. W., E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer, 

E. M. Thurman, S. D. Zaugg, L. B. Barber, and 

H. T. Buxton. 2002. Pharmaceuticals, 

Hormones, and Other Organic Wastewater 

Contaminants in U.S. Streams, 1999–2000: A 

National Reconnaissance. Environmental 

Science and Technology, v. 36, no. 6. 

Murray, P. R., E. J. Baron, J. H. Jorgensen, 

M. L. Landry, and M. A. Pfaller (ed.). 2011. 

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Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 10th 

Edition, ASM Press, Washington, DC. 

National Drinking Water Advisory Council 

(NDWAC). 2004. National Drinking Water 

Advisory Council Report on the CCL 

Classification Process to the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, May 19, 

2004. 

National Research Council (NRC). 2001. 

Classifying Drinking Water Contaminants for 

Regulatory Consideration. National Academy 

Press, Washington, DC. 

Payment, P., J. Siemiatycki, L. Richardson, 

G. Renaud, E. Franco, and M. Prevost. 1997. 

A prospective epidemiological study of 

gastrointestinal health effects due to the 

consumption of drinking water. Int. J. 

Environ. Health Res. (7): 5–31. 

Taylor, L.H., S.M. Latham, and M.E. 

Woolhouse. 2001. Risk Factors for Human 

Disease Emergence (Appendix A). Phil. 

Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Vol 256, pp. 983–989. 

Toccalino, P.L., J.E. Norman, and K.J. Hitt. 

2010. Quality of Source Water from Publicsupply Wells in the United States, 1993– 

2007. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific 

Investigations Report 2010–5024. 206 pp. 

Available on the Internet at: http://

pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5024/. 

USEPA, 1998. Announcement of the 

Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List; 

Notice. Federal Register. Vol. 63, No. 40. p. 

10273, March 2, 1998. 

USEPA, 1999. National Primary Drinking 

Water Regulations; Radon-222; Proposed 

Rule. Federal Register. Vol. 64, No. 211. p. 

59245, November 2, 1999. 

USEPA. 2003. Announcement of 

Regulatory Determinations for Priority 

Contaminants on the Drinking Water 

Contaminant Candidate List. Federal 

Register. Vol. 68, No. 138. p. 42898, July 18, 

2003. 

USEPA. 2005. Notice—Drinking Water 

Contaminant Candidate List 2; Final Notice. 

Federal Register. Vol. 70, No. 36. p. 9071, 

February 24, 2005. 

USEPA. 2008a. Drinking Water 

Contaminant Candidate List 3—Draft. 

Federal Register. Vol. 73, No. 35. p. 9628, 

February 21, 2008. 

USEPA. 2008b. Drinking Water: Regulatory 

Determinations Regarding Contaminants on 

the Second Drinking Water Contaminant 

Candidate List. Federal Register. Vol. 73, No. 

174. p. 44251, July 30, 2008. 

USEPA. 2009a. Final Contaminant 

Candidate List 3 Chemicals: Identifying the 

Universe. EPA 815–R09–006. August, 2009. 

USEPA. 2009b. Final Contaminant 

Candidate List 3 Microbes: Identifying the 

Universe. EPA 815–R–09–004. August, 2009. 

USEPA. 2009c. Final Contaminant 

Candidate List 3 Microbes: PCCL to CCL 

Process. EPA 815–R–09–009. August, 2009. 

USEPA. 2009d. Final Contaminant 

Candidate List 3 Microbes: Screening to the 

PCCL. EPA 815–R–09–0005. August, 2009. 

USEPA. 2009e. Drinking Water 

Contaminant Candidate List 3—Final. 

Federal Register. Vol. 74, No. 194. p. 51850, 

October 8, 2009. 

USEPA. 2011. Drinking Water: Regulatory 

Determination on Perchlorate. Federal 

Register. Vol. 76, No. 29. p. 7762, February 

11, 2011. 

USEPA. 2012a. Revisions to the 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

Regulation (UCMR 3) for Public Water 

Systems. Federal Register. Vol. 77, No. 85. p. 

26071, May 2, 2012. 

USEPA. 2012b. Request for Nominations of 

Drinking Water Contaminants for the Fourth 

Contaminant Candidate List. Federal 

Register. Vol. 77, No. 89. p. 27057, May 8, 

2012. 

USEPA. 2014a. Announcement of 

Preliminary Regulatory Determination for 

Contaminants on the Third Drinking Water 

Contaminant Candidate List. Federal 

Register. Vol. 79, No. 202, p. 62716, October 

20, 2014. 

USEPA. 2015b. Contaminant Information 

Sheets (CISs) for the Draft Fourth Preliminary 

Contaminant Candidate List (PCCL 4) 

Nominated Contaminants. EPA 815–R–15– 

003. January, 2015. 

USEPA. 2015c. Data Sources for the 

Contaminant Candidate List 4. EPA 815–R– 

15–004. January, 2015. 

USEPA. 2015d. Screening Document for 

the Draft PCCL 4 Nominated Contaminants. 

EPA 815–R–15–002. January, 2015. 

USEPA. 2015e. Summary of Nominations 

for the Fourth Contaminant Candidate List. 

EPA 815–R–15–001. January, 2015. 

WHO. 2003. Emerging Issues in Water and 

Infectious Disease Series: Heterotrophic Plate 

Counts and Drinking-water Safety. ed. J. 

Bartram, J. Cotruvo, M. Exner, C. Fricker, and 

A. Glasmacher. IWA Publishing, London, 

UK. P. 119–122. 

WHO. 2004. Integrated Risk Assessment: 

Nonylphenol Case Study. ed. D. Bontje, J. 

Hermens, T. Vermeire, and T. Damstra. 63 

pp. December, 2004. Available on the 

Internet at: http://www.who.int/ipcs/

methods/Nonylphenol.pdf. 

Dated: January 27, 2015. 

Kenneth J. Kopocis, 

Deputy Assistant Administrator, Office of 

Water. 

[FR Doc. 2015–02210 Filed 2–3–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ–OPP–2015–0022; FRL–9921–98] 

Pesticide Product Registration; 

Receipt of Applications for New Uses 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: EPA has received applications 

to register new uses for pesticide 

products containing currently registered 

active ingredients. Pursuant to the 

Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and 

Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), EPA is hereby 

providing notice of receipt and 

opportunity to comment on these 

applications. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before March 6, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, 

identified by docket identification (ID) 

number and the File Symbol of interest 

as shown in the body of this document, 

by one of the following methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: http:// 

www.regulations.gov. Follow the online 

instructions for submitting comments. 

Do not submit electronically any 

information you consider to be 

Confidential Business Information (CBI) 

or other information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. 

• Mail: OPP Docket, Environmental 

Protection Agency Docket Center (EPA/ 

DC), (28221T), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. 

NW., Washington, DC 20460–0001. 

• Hand Delivery: To make special 

arrangements for hand delivery or 

delivery of boxed information, please 

follow the instructions at http://

www.epa.gov/dockets/contacts.html. 

Additional instructions on 

commenting or visiting the docket, 

along with more information about 

dockets generally, is available at 

http://www.epa.gov/dockets. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Susan Lewis, Registration Division (RD) 

(7505P), main telephone number: (703) 

305–7090; email address: 

RDFRNotices@epa.gov. The mailing 

address is: Office of Pesticide Programs, 

Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 

Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, 

DC 20460–0001. As part of the mailing 

address, include the contact person’s 

name, division, and mail code. The 

division to contact is listed at the end 

of each application summary. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. General Information 

A. Does this action apply to me? 

You may be potentially affected by 

this action if you are an agricultural 

producer, food manufacturer, or 

pesticide manufacturer. The following 

list of North American Industrial 

Classification System (NAICS) codes is 

not intended to be exhaustive, but rather 

provides a guide to help readers 

determine whether this document 

applies to them. Potentially affected 

entities may include: 

• Crop production (NAICS code 111). 

• Animal production (NAICS code 

112). 

• Food manufacturing (NAICS code 

311). 

• Pesticide manufacturing (NAICS 

code 32532). 

B. What should I consider as I prepare 

my comments for EPA? 

1. Submitting CBI. Do not submit this 

information to EPA through 

regulations.gov or email. Clearly mark 

mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES