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Vaughn R Walker

Law Office of Vaughn R Walker

Four Embarcadero Center, Suite 2200

San Francisco, CA 94111

Telephone: (415) 871-2888

Facsimile: (415) 871-2890

Email: vrw@judgewalker.com

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

IN RE CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT) ANTITRUST 

LITIGATION

This Relates to:

Scheduling Order Filed 02/09/2015 

MDL No 1917

Master Case No 3:07-cv-05944SC

SPECIAL MASTER’S REPORT AND 

RECOMMENDATION IN RESPONSE TO THE 

COURT’S ORDER FILED FEBRUARY 9, 2015

Case 3:08-cv-00178-JST Document 47 Filed 04/17/15 Page 1 of 6
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This report and recommendation responds to that provision of the court’s 

scheduling order filed February 9, 2015 calling upon the undersigned to produce a report 

and recommendation regarding the status of class action settlements in the above 

litigation.

1. Direct Purchaser Class Actions.

As of this date and except as noted hereafter, all cases brought by the 

direct purchaser class have settled, settlement agreements have been executed by the 

parties to those settlements and the court has granted final approval to those settlements 

and no objections to those settlements were filed. The exceptions to the foregoing are as 

follows:

(a) The direct class plaintiffs and Thomson defendants1 have settled, a 

settlement agreement has been executed, a motion for preliminary approval of that 

settlement is on file together with the court’s requests for additional submissions (see Doc 

#3810) which were filed on April 9, 2015.

(b) Preliminary approval of the direct purchaser class plaintiffs’ claims 

against the Hitachi2 and SDI3 defendants has been granted over the objection to those 

settlements filed by the Sharp4 entities as a result of the court’s denial of the exclusion of 

the Sharp entities from the direct purchaser class settlement. On September 18, 2014, 

Sharp filed an appeal from the denial of the motion to enlarge time and for 

reconsideration. Doc #2856. This appeal was docketed in the Ninth Circuit on September 

23, 2014, but was subsequently dismissed for want of a final judgment. Hence, 

jurisdiction over Sharp’s objection has returned to this court. Notwithstanding the 

dismissal of its appeal, Sharp has expressed its intention to appeal a final approval order.

 

1 Thomson SA (n/k/a Technicolor SA) and Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc (n/k/a Technicolor USA, Inc.)

2 Hitachi Displays, Ltd (n/k/a Japan Display, Inc); Hitachi America, Ltd; Hitachi Asia, Ltd; Hitachi Electronic 

Devices (USA), Inc (“Hitachi”) Indonesia and Beijing Matsushita Color CRT Co, Ltd.

3

Samsung SDI Co, Ltd (f/k/a Samsung Display Devices Co, Ltd); Samsung SDI America, Inc; Samsung SDI 

Brasil, Ltd; Tianjin Samsung SDI Co., Ltd; Samsung Shenzhen SDI Co, Ltd; SDI Malaysia Sdn Bhd and SDI 

Mexico SA de CV. 

4

Sharp Electronics Corporation and Sharp Electronics Manufacturing Company of America, Inc.

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(c) No settlement has been reached by the direct purchaser class plaintiffs 

and the Mitsubishi5 defendants, although a motion to certify the claims of the direct 

purchaser class against the Mitsubishi defendants is being briefed by the parties –

plaintiffs’ reply brief was due April 12, 2015 and hearing of the motion is set for May 1, 

2015 at 10:00 am. (Doc #3184). In the event the court grants preliminary approval of the 

direct purchaser class settlement with the Thomson defendants, all direct purchaser class 

settlements will have received preliminary approval, except for the action against the 

Mitsubishi defendants.

2. Indirect Purchaser Class Actions.

Settlements have been reached in all cases brought by the indirect 

purchaser class and settlement agreements have been executed. Motions for final 

approval of indirect purchaser settlements have been granted in the actions against the 

Chungwha6 and LG7 defendants and motions for preliminary approval of the remaining 

five indirect purchaser actions are anticipated to be filed in the near future.

3. Recommended Class Action Approval Process.

To facilitate the orderly consideration of anticipated settlement approval 

motions, the court should set a cutoff date for the filing of such motions. After consulting 

counsel, a deadline of June 1, 2015 is workable. In setting this deadline, the court may 

also wish to provide that any class action settlement for which a preliminary approval 

motion has not been filed by the deadline will be stayed until after disposition or remand 

of all direct action purchaser cases pending in this court. The reasons for this 

recommendation are as follows.

As the court is aware, a number of defendants have filed motions for 

summary judgment in both the class actions and in the direct action purchaser cases. 

These motions raise issues that affect the claims of all or virtually all parties in this 

litigation. Any ruling on those motions is likely to be subject to appellate review either 

 

5 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation; Mitsubishi Electric US, Inc and Mitsubishi Electric Visual Solutions America, 

Inc.

6 Chunghwa Picture Tubes, Ltd and Chunghwa Picture Tubes (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd.

7

LG Electronics Taiwan Taipei Co., Ltd; LG Electronics, Inc and LG Electronics USA, Inc.

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after final judgment pursuant to 28 USC §1291 or, possibly, upon interlocutory review 

pursuant to 28 USC §1292(b).

The determinations made on these motions could have a material effect on 

the possible recoveries and exposures in this litigation. The law that will guide the court’s 

decisions on these motions is in flux. Compare, e g, Motorola Mobility v AU Optronics 

Corp, 775 F 3d 816 (7 Cir 2015), reh’g denied and petition for certiorari docketed 

(03/16/2015); In re TFT-LCD (Flat Panel) Antitrust Litigation, 822 F Supp 2d 953 (N D Cal 

2011). See also Meriwether, Motorola Mobility and the FTAIA, If not Here, Then Where?,

29 ABA Antitrust 8 (No 2, Spring 2015). The settlements now before the court and those 

anticipated shortly to be filed for approval have been negotiated in the face of those 

uncertainties. Because it would be unfair to the parties to alter the balance of factors 

upon which these settlements have been reached, the court would be well advised to 

defer ruling on these motions until after the class settlement approval process has been 

concluded and the outstanding settlements either approved or disapproved. Once final 

approval of the class action settlements has been granted or denied, the court may then 

turn to these motions before proceeding to trial setting.

The settlements of the class claims against all but one defendant also 

present a changed circumstance that the court may wish to consider. As previously noted, 

the Sharp entities failed to meet the deadline for opting out of the direct purchaser class 

and sought to enlarge the time for doing so. The court declined to enlarge time despite 

Sharp’s undisputed good faith and the “vague and unconvincing” showing of prejudice to 

defendants, two of the factors laid down by the Supreme Court in Pioneer Inv Servs Co v 

Brunswick Assocs Ltd P’ship, 507 US 380 (1993). See Doc #2746. Rather, the court found 

that Sharp failed to meet the other two Pioneer factors: length of delay and the reason 

therefor. Id at 6. Almost immediately thereafter, Sharp sought reconsideration which the 

court denied finding that in the very brief time after first seeking enlargement of time to 

opt out Sharp had been unable to show a difference in, or emergence of new material, 

facts from its previous and attempt to enlarge the opt out period. See Doc #2814 at 5. 

The court noted, however, that whether to grant reconsideration is committed to the 

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court’s sound discretion. Id at 5.

As also noted, Sharp has expressed its intention to appeal the court’s 

decision. While a party’s intention to appeal an adverse ruling affords no ground for 

reconsideration of that ruling, changed circumstances are an altogether different matter. 

See N D Cal Civ LR 7-9(b). The undersigned believes that the settlements of virtually all the 

class actions in this docket is the emergence of a new and material circumstance. Sharp’s 

objection and its intention to appeal is the only matter that stands between wrapping up 

all but one of the direct purchaser class cases if those settlements are given final approval 

by the court. This changed and practical consideration warrants the court’s 

reconsideration of enlarging the time for Sharp to opt out of the direct purchaser class 

settlement.

At the time Sharp sought reconsideration in September 2014, the 

circumstance that now, in the undersigned’s view, makes reconsideration appropriate, the 

possibility that settlements would be reached in all or virtually all the class actions in this 

docket would have been entirely speculative. Hence, the fact of these settlements could 

not reasonably have been anticipated by Sharp when it sought enlargement of time or 

reconsideration, much less could Sharp have predicted the timing of any such possibility.

In the undersigned’s view, there can be no serious question that this 

development is material to the progress and ultimate resolution of this litigation. Sharp’s 

appeal of the approval of the direct purchaser class settlement would delay resolution of 

the class’ claims and increase the expense of prosecuting those claims. On the other 

hand, reconsideration of the denial of enlarging Sharp’s time to opt out could significantly 

move the direct purchaser class action to final determination with attendant benefits to 

the class. In weighing the appropriate factors for reconsideration, it is significant, in the 

undersigned’s view, that the court has already found that the prejudice to the affected 

defendants, SDI and Hitachi, is “vague and unconvincing.” Doc #2746 at 6.

4. Recommendation of the Special Master.

For the foregoing reasons, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that:

1. The court establish a deadline of June 1, 2015 for the filing of any 

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