GE Energy Bruce Randall

Emissions Testing Service Director

ISO 9001 Accredited

Quality Sys1em

PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS STUDY

Performed At The

Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc.

M.R. Young Station

Unit 2

Center, NO

Emission Facility Contact Person

Andrew Freidt

Permitting and Compliance Engineer

Test Dates

May6~, 2008

Report No,

GE Energy Management Services, Inc. Report M22A0427A

Report Submittal Date

May 20,2008

GE Energy Management Services, Inc,

1301 Corporate Center Drive-Suite 1n

Eagen, MN 55121

USA

T (651) 681>-0700

F (651) 686-4434
GE Energy

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTIFICATIONS Of TEST REPORTS i

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 1

3.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES 3

3.1 Description of Sampling Location 3

3.2 Fiterable PM Determination by USEPA Method 17 3

4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURES 4

5.0 TEST RESULTS SUMMARy 5

APPENDIX

Project Participants 12

Sample Train Diagrams 13

Sample Analysis Data 14

Calculation Nomenclature and Formulas 20

Test Data and Results 24

Field Data Sheets 68

Calibration Data 112

Test Plan 124
.. GE Energy

CERTIFICATIONS OF TEST REPORTS

M22A0427A

Bruce Randall

Printed Name or PelSOll

'L-~O - o-e:.

TItle Date

1. Certillcatlon of sampling procedures by the team leader ofthe personne' conducting the sampling

procedures:

"I certify that the sampling procedures were performed in accordance with the approved test plan and thai

the data presented in this test report are. to the best of my knowledge and belier, true. accurate, and

complele. All excep~and explained below."

Slgnat~ £..--->

Emissions: TesUng Service Director

2. Certillcatlon of analytical proceduras by the person responsible for the laboratory analysis of field

samples:

"I cerlily that the analy/ical procedures were performed in accordance with the requirements or the lest

melhods and thai the dala presented ror use in the test report were, to the best or my knowledge and belier,

true, accurate, and complete. All exceptions are listed and explained below."

Tille

11m Singer

Printed NljlT!e 01 Person

~-~-(Jrr

Date

Bruce RandaN

Printed Name or PeISOIl

"'--20- 05

Date

3. Certification of test report by the senior staff person at the testing company who is responsible

for compiling and checklng the test report:

"' cerlily that this tesl report and all atlachmenls were prepared under my direction or supervision In

accordance with a system designed to assure that quall1led personnel properly gathered and evaluated the

test information submitted. Based on my Inquiry or the person or persons who performed sampling and

analysis relating to the performance test, the Information submitted in this test report is. to the best or my

knowledge and beller. true, accurate. and complete. All exceptions are listed and explained below."

~~

Title

Signature:

Emls610ns Tesdng Service Director

C 2007, G6noral E1ectnc Company. All rights reserved. The contents of this document are the property of General

EJecttfc Company. No part of this _ may be reproduced or tronsmitted In My fonn or by any means. axeep; as

pormitted in written license agreement with General Electric Company_ General Electric Company has made evety

re.sonabI9 attempt to ensure the comp/I>/e""" 8Ild 8CCIJT8Cy ofthis document Tho GE logo Is e rvg/sIered Inldem8rlr of

General E1eclrio Company.
GE Energy

PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSIONS STUDY

Performed At tHE

Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc.

M.R. Young Station

Unit 2

Center, NO

May 6-8, 2008

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc. (Minnkota) has installed a continuous

Particulate Matter (PM) monitor on the exhaust stack of Unit 2 at their M.R.

Young Station in Center, ND. In order to be certified for use by the United States

Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), it is necessary to correlate the PM

concentrations measured by the monitor to those measured by a USEPA

Reference Method (RM). This report presents the results of the RM

measurements conducted by GE Energy Management Services, Inc. on May 6

though May 8, 2008.

2.0 SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

As required by USEPA Performance Specification 11, RM sampling was

conducted over three PM concentration ranges, identified as "Low", 'Medium'

and "High" in this document. The table below presents the number of RM

sample runs performed at each concentration range:

PM Concentration Range Number of RM Sample Runs Perfonned

Low Seven'

Medium Eight

High Seven'

1 - At both Low and Mid, one test run was performed at a single point

located as close to the monitor probe tip as possible. These runs were for

informational purposes only, not to develop the required correlation.

The results of the 20 RM sample runs that were performed for correlation

purposes are presented on the following page. It should be noted that those

developing the correlation may elect not to use a number of these runs in the

correlation.

GE Energy Project M22A0427A 1
GE Energy

PM Concentration RM Pili Concentration

Test Date Range sample Time

(mgldscm)' (mgJwscm)'

51612008 High 10:46-11:53 43.3 35.1

5/612008 High 11:30-12:41 26.8 21.5

51612008 High 12:37-13:43 25.9 20.8

51612008 High 13:48-14:58 34.5 27.6

51612008 High 14:35-15:41 32.0 25.5

5/612008 High 15:41-16:49 28.4 22.8

5R12008 Low 08:20-09:38 8.9 7.2

5R12oo8 Low 09:00-10:27 9.6 7.8

5n12008 Low 10:13-11:33 10.2 8.2

5n12008 Low 11 :25-12:45 8.7 6.9

5nl2oo8 Low 12:32-13:50 8.8 7.1

5n12008 Low 13:43-15:03 10.0 8.0

5R12008 Low 14:30-15:48 15.6 12.5

5n12008 Low 15:37-16:55 9.4 7.6

51812008 Mid 09:09-10:15 18.6 15.0

51812008 Mid 09:55-11:01 13.9 11.2

51812008 Mid 11:08-12:14 13.4 10.8

51812008 Mid 11:53-13:01 14.3 11.4

51812008 Mid 13:00-14:06 23.4 18.7

51812008 Mid 13:46-14:52 21.4 17.1

1 - milligrams per dry standard cubic meter

2 - milligrams per wet standard cubic meter

GE Enefyy Project M22A0427A 2
GE Energy

3.0 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURES

All testing, sampling, analytical, and calibration procedures used for this· test

program were performed as described in the Title 40, Code of Federal

Regulations, Part 60 (40CFR60), Appendix A, Method 17 and the latest revisions

thereof. Where applicable, the Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution

Measurement Systems, Volume III, Stationary Source Specific Methods, United

States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) 6001R-94/038c, September

1994 was used to supplement procedures.

3.1 Description of Sampling Location

The sample location at Unit 2 was a vertical circular stack equipped with multiple

sample ports. The ports used for this program were located 5.8 duct diameters

upstream, and 12.8 duct diameters downstream from the nearest flow

disturbance. Sample point location was determined in accordance with USEPA

Method 1.

3.2 Filterable PM Determination by USEPA Method 17

This method is applicable for the determination of PM emissions, where PM

concentrations are known to be independent of temperature over the normal

range of temperatures characteristic of emissions from a specific source

category. Sample was drawn from the source through a buttonhook nozzle and

an in-stack filter. The filter was followed in series by: a heated probe, an

impinger train immersed in an ice bath, a pump and a dry test meter. Flue gas

velocity pressures were measured with a calibrated S-type pitot tube and inclined

manometer. All temperatures were measured using K-type thermocouples with

calibrated digital temperature indicators.

The number and location of sample points was determined in accordance with

USEPA Method 1. Prior to sampling, the probe was heated to 248:!:25°F, and

the entire sample system was checked for leaks. The nozzle and filter holder

were inserted into the flue gas stream, and allowed to temperature-equilibrate

prior to sampling. At the conclusion of sampling, the entire sample system was

checked for leaks at a vacuum greater than or equal to the highest sample

vacuum observed during the test run. All sample contact surfaces of the

upstream of the filter train were rinsed and brushed with HPLC reagent-grade

acetone. These washes were placed in sealed and marked containers for

analysis. The filter was recovered to a Petri dish.

All sample recovery was performed at the test site. Final sample analyses for

"High" runs and preliminary analyses for "Low' runs were performed by on-site

..

GE Energy Pmjed M22A04ZTA 3
GE Energy

by GE Energy personnel. Final analyses for "Low" and "Mid" runs were

performed at the GE Energy laboratory in Eagan, MN.

4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURES

GE Energy recognizes the previously described reference methods to be very

technique oriented and attempts to minimize all factors which can increase error

by implementing its Quality Assurance Program into every segment of its testing

activities.

Dry test meters are calibrated according to methods described in the Quality

Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume III,

Stationary Source Specific Methods, USEPA 600/R-94/038c. September 1994,

Method 5.

GE Energy Project M22A0427A 4
GE Energy

5.0 TEST RESULTS SUMMARY

Company:

Plant:

Unit:

Minnkota

MR Young

Unit 2

Irest Run Number High 1 High 2 High 3

pate 51612008 51612008 5/612008

~tart Time 10:46 11:30 12:37

lEnd TIme 11:53 12:41 13:43

otal Sample TIme (Min): 48.0 48.0 48.0

Average Duct Temp (OF): 170.9 174.0 171.8

Averaqe Duct Vel (ftlsec): 63.39 63.15 63.87

Moisture Content (Bws): 0.190 0.197 0.199

Wet MW (Ibllbmole-moie): 28.07 27.99 27.97

Volume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1867091 1859907 1881060

Volume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1441982 1429448 1450663

Volume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1167942 1147405 1161348

~mple Volume (dscf): 26.397 26.787 26.280

~ample Volume (dscm): ·0.747 0.759 0.744

~ample Volume (wscf): 32.591 33.372 32.827

13ample Volume (wscm): 0.923 0.945 0.930

I'M Collected (mg): 32.4 20.3 19.3

PM Concentration:

mQ/dscm: 43.3 26.8 25.9

mglwscm: 35.1 21.5 20.8

lsokinetic Variance 100.9 98.4 101.0

GE Energy Project M22AD427A 5
GE Energy

Company:

Plant:

Unit:

Mlnnkota

MR Young

Unit 2

Irest Run Number High 4 High 5 High 6

bate 51612008 5/612008 51612008

Start Time 13:48 14:35 15:41

Endnme 14:58 15:41 16:49

otal Sample nme (Min): 48.0 48.0 48.0

Average Duet Temp ("F): 176.3 174.1 176.9

Avera<le Duct Vel (ftlsec): 63.18 64.53 62.83

Moisture Content (Bws): 0.199 0.201 0.198

~et MW (lbAbmole-mole): 27.96 27.96 27.99

~olume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1860798 1900541 1850402

~olume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1424889 1460486 1415631

~olume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1141872 1166316 1135739

Sample Volume (dscl): 26.851 26.611 26.623

Sample Volume (dscm): 0.760 0.754 0.754

Sample Volume (wscl): 33.507 33.322 33.184

Sample Volume (wscm): 0.949 0.944 0.940

PM Collected (mg): 26.2 24.1 21.4

PM Concentration:

mg/dscm: 34.5 32.0 28.4

mQ/Wscm: 27.6 25.5 22.8

sokinetic Variance 99.1 101.9 98.8

GE Energy Project M22A0427A 6
GE Energy

Company:

Plant:

Unit:

Minnkota

MR Young

Unit2

!Test Run Number Low 1 Low 2 Low 3 Low 4

bate 5f7f2008 517f2008 51712008 517f2008

Start Time 8:20 9:06 10:13 11:25

End Time 9:38 10:27 11:33 12:45

Total Sample Time (Min): 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0

Average Duct Temp ("F): 172.5 175.4 174.3 178.0

Averaae Duct Vel (tvsec): 63.74 62.57 63.94 62.23

Moisture Content (8ws): 0.197 0.196 0.198 0.200

Wet MW (Ibllbmole-mole): 28.00 28.02 28.00 27.95

lVolume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1877243 1842919 1883297 1832897

lVolume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1449468 1416305 1450130 1402899

lVolume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1163794 1139102 1162311 1122476

fSamDle Volume (dscl): 32.907 33.677 33.077 33.445

Sample Volume (dscm): 0.932 0.954 0.937 0.947

Sample Volume (wscf): 40.985 41.873 41.268 41.801

SamDle Volume (wscm): 1.161 1.186 1.169 1.184

PM Collected (mg): 8.3 9.2 9.6 8.2

PM Concentration:

ma/dscm: 8.9 9.6 10.2 8.7

mglwscm: 7.2 7.8 8.2 6.9

sokinetic Variance 101.0 99.7 101.6 100,5

GE Energy Project M22A0427A 7
GE Energy

Company: Minnkota

Plant: MR Young

Unit: Unil2

!rest Run Number lowS low 6 low 7 lowS

pate 5f7/2008 51712008 5/712008 51712008

Start Time 12:32 13:43 14:30 15:37

End Time 13:50 15:03 15:48 16:55

otal Sample Time (Min): 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0

Average Duct Temp (oF): 174.3 178.3 174.6 178.7

Average Duct Vel 1ft/sec): 64.06 64.20 64.01 64.56

Moisture Content (Bws): 0.196 0.198 0.201 0.196

lWet MW (Ibllbmole-mole): 28.02 27.98 27.95 28.00

~olume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1886714 1890869 1885237 1901483

Wolume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1452570 1446516 1450730 1453876

Wolume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1168424 1160169 1159785 1169549

Sample Volume {dscfJ: 32.790 34.197 32.763 34.545

Sample Volume (dscm): 0.929 0.968 0.928 0.978

Sample Volume (wscfJ: 40.764 42.637 40.982 42.943

Sample Volume (wscm): 1.154 1.207 1.160 1.216

PM Collected (mQ): 8.2 9.7 14.5 9.2

PM Concentration:

mg/dscm: 8.8 10.0 15.6 9.4

mglwscm: 7.1 8.0 12.5 7.6

soldnetic Variance 100.2 99.4 100.9 99.6

GE Energy Projed M22A0427A 8
GE Energy

Company:

Plant:

Unit

Minnkota

MR Young

Unit 2

trast Run Number Mid 1 Mid 2 Mid 3

Date 518/2008 5/812008 5/812008

~tartTjme 9:09 9:55 11:08

End Time 10:15 11:01 12:14

"'olal Sample TIne (Min): 48.0 48.0 48.0

Average Duct Temp ("F): 172.3 174.8 173.3

Average Duct Vel (ft/sec): 64.22 63.75 64.41

Moisture Content (Bws): 0.196 0.196 0.197

Wet MW (Ibllbmole-mole): 27.96 27.99 27.98

~olume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1891474 1877651 1897026

~olume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1459958 1443469 1461932

Wolume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1174468 1160950 1174304

Sample Volume (dscf): 26.022 27.232 26.114

Sample Volume (dscm): 0.737 ·0.771 0.739

Sample Volume (wscf): 32.348 33.859 32.510

Sample Volume (wscm): 0.916 0.959 0.921

PM Collected (mg): 13.7 10.7 9.9

PM Concentration:

mg/dscfm: 18.6 13.9 13.4

mglwscm: 15.0 11.2 10.8

sokinetic Variance 98.9 98.8 99.3

GE Energy Project M22A0427A 9
GE Energy

Company:

Plant:

Unit:

Minnkota

MR Young

Unit 2

Irest Run Number Mid4 Mid 5 Mld6

bate 5/812008 5/812008 51812008

Start Time 11:53 13:00 13:46

End TIme 13:01 14:06 14:52

olal Sample TIme (Min): 46.0 48.0 48.0

~verage Duct Temp ('F): 177.6 172.7 177.6

~veraQe Duct Vel (ft/sec): 64.50 84.71 65.41

Moisture Content (Bws): 0.199 0.201 0.198

Wet MW (Ib/lbmole-mole): 27.97 27.93 27.97

....olume Flow Rate (ACFM): 1899822 1905961 1926626

Volume Flow Rate (SCFM): 1454023 1470172 1474537

Volume Flow Rate (DSCFM): 1165288 1174884 1183080

Sample Volume (dscf): 27.487 26.292 27.933

Sample Volume (dscm): 0.778 0.745 0.791

Isample Volume (wsct): 34.297 32.900 34.814

~ample Volume (wscITI): 0.971 0.932 0.966

PM Collected (mg): 11.1 17.4 16.9

PM Concentration:

mgldscfm: 14.3 23.4 21.4

mglwscm: 11.4 18.7 17.1

sokinetic Variance 99.4 99.9 99.5

GE Energy ProjecI Wf22AD427A 10
APPENDIX

11
M22A0427A Project Participants

Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc. Representative

Agency Observer(s)

Jim Semerad, Ben Gress

GE Energy Project Manager

Bruce Randall

GE Energy Test Crew

Tim Singer, Alan Phillips, Mike Hoehn, Wayne Zoeteman, Neal Conroy
GE Energy

Particulate Sampling Train Equipped With In-Stack Filter

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MRYoung

Unil2

High 1

Example Calculations

Page 1 014

Dry Molecular Weight

Md = 0.44 x (%C02) + 0.32 x (%02) + 0.28 X %N2

O/OC02 =

Md=

Wet Molecular Weight

13.3 7.6 79.1

Ms = Md x(1-Bws) + (18.0 x Bws)

Md=

Ms=

Flue Gas Pressure

30.43 0.19

Ps =Pbar + (Pstalic/13.6)

Pbar= 27.70 Pstatic = -1.20

Ps = 27.61

Average Meter Temperature

n

Avg Tin = 1: Tin

,.,

n

n

Avg Tout = 1: Tout

n

Tm = 460+ (Avg Tin +Avg Tout)12

Avg Tin =

Tm=

79.6

538.5

AvgTout=

zo

n.3
Example Calculations

Page 2 of4

Ideal lsoklnetic Sampling Nozzle Inside Diameter (based on initial assumptions):

On = (0.0353 x am x Pm x (Is X Mslo.• t··

(Tm x Cp x (1-Bws) x (Ps x "'P) )

Om=

Ms=

Bws =

__0::.;..:..75=-_Pm ..

_--=2::-7,;;:.9",3__Tm =

__0~,"",20,,-_Ps=

_-=2:.;.7;.:;.83=-_Ts =

_.......,54':'O=::•.=..O__Cp =

27.61 aP = --==--

640.0

0.840

1.10

One 0.222

Actual On" 0.205

Isokinetlc Sampling "X" Factor (based on Initial assumptions):

X= 846.72 x On' x aHOI xCp' x (1-Bwsy x (Md' Ps)

(Ms' Pm)

On=

Bws =

Ms=

_---=,0:.=.20=::5=--_aH@I=_----'1"'.7..=34..:...._Cp=

0.20 Md = 30.42 Ps =

----:2==7=.9==3--Pm = 27.83

0.840

27.61

.~

x = 1.265

Actual X = 1.265

MI at Sample Point· Example Point Ai

"'Hi = xx",Pi x ill!:!il

(Tsi)

Tsi= 633 --==-- ",Pi = 1.10 Tini = __.=..53::.;7__ ---'''-'''--

Mli= 1.18

Meter Volume at Standard Conditions

Vm(std) = YxVmx ~x (POOr +aHavg/13.61

29.92 Tm

Y= 1.004 Vm= 28.878 Pbar=

"'Havg = 1.09 Tm= 538.5

Vm(std) '" 26.397

27.70

21.
Example Calculations

Page 3 of4

Volume of Water Vapor Condensed

Vwc(sld) ;

Net H,o=

Vwc(std) =

Moisture Content

Bws;

Vwc(sld) =

Bws =

Average Duct Velocity

0.0471 x (net H20 gain)

131.5

Vwc(std)

(Vwc(sld)+Vm(std))

_--=.:6.",,1940..:-_ Vm(std) _-=.26",.3;:;.:9:.,:.7__

Vs = 85-49 x Cp x Sqrl AP (avg) x (Ts (avg)/ (Ps x MS))'12

Cp=

Ps =

Vs=

_-::;0.:;:;82;.:1:...-_Tsavg =_--:6:;3.::,:0.:;9__Sqrl AP (avg):

27.61 Ms = 28.07 _-=:.:..::::.:...-

1.001

Volumetric Flow Rate (Actual Basis)

Q= VsxAx60

Vs =

Q=

63.39

1867091

490.873

.~

Volumetric Flow Rate (Standard Basis)

Qstd = Qx Ps

Tsavg

x~

29.92

1867091 Ps = __2::;7"".6::..1:.-_Tsavg = 630.9

Qstd= 1441978

22
Example Calculations

Page4of4

Volumetric Flow Rate (Standard Dry Basis)

Qstd(dry) = Qstd x (l-Bws)

Qstd =

Qstd(dry) =

lsokinlltic Variation:

1441978 Bws =

1167938

0.190

%150=

Ts =

M=

Bws =

%180=

0.0945 x Ts x Vm(std)

Vs x II x-An x Ps x (l-Bws)

630.9 Vm(std) _--=:.26~.:::39:-:.7__Vs = 0.000229 II = 48.0 Ps =

0.19

63.393

27.61

PM Concentration - example for filterable:

Co = M • 0.0154

Vm(sld)

M=

Co=

_---:3;.;:2;;...4'--_Vm(std) _-=26;:..:..::.;39,-,7__

llJUn gr/dscf

PM Emission Rate· example for filterable Iblhr

ER = Co • 0.00858 • Qstd(dry)

Co=

ER=

0.0189

189.42 Ib/hr

23

Qsld(dry) = 1167938