**NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPEED LIMIT ENFORCEMENT**  **RACM Analysis**

Michael Baker Jr., Inc. Speed Limit - 1 **Control Measure:** Enforc e posted spee d limits on freeways . **Description:** By traveling in excess of the posted speed limit, vehicles on the road emit pollutants as a far different rate then they would should they travel at the limit. This analysis estimate s the impact of lowering average travel speed on all freeways in the state through an expanded enforcement presence in the form of increased police patrols. Vehicles emit higher emissions at speeds greater than 65mph. NOx emissions are significantly lower at 55mph compared to 65mph. Hence, by enforcing speed limits to 55mph NOx emissions can be reduced. The downside to this is that the VOC emissions are higher at 55mph than at 65mph . Enforcement of the 65 MPH speed limit will have less of an effect as average speeds are only slightly higher. Since PM2.5 and SO2 emissions are not impacted by speed changes, this project would have no impact on those pollutants. **Methodology :**  Total Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) were available for every county, and the New Jersey Congestion Management System (NJCMS) was used to estimate the percentage of total travel in each county on 55 MPH and 65MPH freeways. The estimated percentages are shown in Table 1 The basic assumption is that the average t ravel speed on all freeways in NJ is 67 MPH, a values obtained from the “1 8 Month Study Report on 65 MPH Speed Limit in New Jersey” found on the NJDOT website. It is assumed that the enforcement program would reduce average speeds to the posted limit. Emission rates were calculate d for a composite vehicle traveling at 65mph and at 55mph using MOBILE6.2 and setups for each of the New Jersey counties for each season (summer and winter . ) Since MOBILE 6.2 does not calculate specific emission rates for speeds in excess of 65MPH, a stra ight line projection using the 55MPH and 65MPH emission rates was used to obtain the 67MPH rates. The difference between the emission rates was used along w ith the total freeway VMT to calculate emissions benefit s . Summaries of these calculations are fou nd at the end of this project description. **Inputs/A ssumptions:**   The average travel speed on New Jersey freeways is 67 MPH  This enforcement program would reduce average speeds to the posted limit  Estimates of total VMT were readily available, the NJCCMS was used to estimate the percentage of travel on 55 MPH and 65 MPH freeways in each county.**NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPEED LIMIT ENFORCEMENT**  **RACM Analysis**

Michael Baker Jr., Inc. Speed Limit - 2

**County Percent of Total** 

**VMT On Freeways (From the NJCMS)**  **Estimated % on 55 MPH**  **Freeways Estimated %** 

**on 65 MPH Freeways**  Atlantic 42.2% 11.07% 31.18% Bergen 44. 5% 11.67% 32.87% Burlington 51.1% 13.39% 37.73% Camden 41.6% 10.89% 30.68% Cape May 41.2% 10.79% 30.40% Cumberland 33.1% 8.67% 24.41% Essex 56.4% 14.79% 41.65% Gloucester 53.2% 13.94% 39.27% Hudson 51.0% 13.36% 37.62% Hunterdon 46.8% 12.26% 34.52% Mercer 45.3% 11.87% 33.44% Middlesex 35.2% 9.23% 26.00% Monmouth 42.2% 11.05% 31.12% Morris 59.2% 15.51% 43.69% Ocean 47.3% 12.39% 34.90% Passaic 33.7% 8.83% 24.86% Salem 56.0% 14.67% 41.32% Somerset 50.2% 13.16% 37.07% Sussex 2.7% 0.00% 2.70% Union 68.0% 17.81% 50.18% Warren 59.5% 15.58% 43.90% **Table 1: Estimated Percentage of Total VMT on Freeway s from NJCMS**  **Results:** Emission Reductions (Statewide):

**Pollutant Type**  **Analysis Year 2010**

Tons/Day Tons/Year **VOC** - 0.35 - **NOx** 4.88 1,845.58 **PM 2.5**  - 0.00 **SO2** - 0.00

*Note: Negative means increase in emissions**NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPEED LIMIT ENFORCEMENT**  **RACM Analysis**

Michael Baker Jr., Inc. Speed Limit - 3 Ozone Analysis – Daily Benefits in New Jersey

**Benefits (Reductions) Ozone Non**  **- Attainment Area**  **New York -**  **N. New Jersey**  **- Long Island,**  **NY -**  **NJ -**  **CT Philadelphia**  **- Wilmington**  **** **Atlantic City PA** **- NJ** **- MD**  **- DE**  **VOC (Tons/Day)** - 0.23 - 0.13 **NOx (Tons/Day)**  3.16 1.71 *Note: Negative means increase in emissions PM2.5 Analysis – Annual Benefits in New Jersey **Benefits (Reductions) PM**  **2.5 Non**  **- Attainment Area**  **New York -**  **N. New Jersey**   ** Long Island, NY** **- NJ** **- CT**  **Philad elphia**  **- Wilmington**  **PA -**  **NJ -**  **DE NOx (Tons/Year)**  1,206.63 295.66 **PM2.5 (Tons/Year)** 0.00 0.00 **SO 2**  **(Tons/Year)** 0.00 0.00 *Note: Negative means increase in emissions **COST/BENEFIT ANALYSIS** Assume approximately 5 officers are needed to patrol 20 miles of freewa y 24 hrs a day. Capital Cost = $33,000/officer over 7 years (vehicle, equipment, etc) Annual Maintenance Cost = $10,000/officer (maintenance cost) Annual Operating Cost = $52,000/officer (Salary, overhead) Annualized Cost = $66,714/officer/year Annual Cost/Mile of Freeway = $16, 678.50 Total Statewide Cost = 757.1 Miles x 16,678.50 = $12,627,292/Year Total cost for the various non - attainment areas are as follows:**NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SPEED LIMIT ENFORCEMENT**  **RACM Analysis**

Michael Baker Jr., Inc. Speed Limit - 4 **County Miles of** 

**Freeway Patrol** 

**Officers Required**  **Estimated Cost For Each Non -** **Attainment Area** 

**Ozone PM 2.5**  **NY -** **NJ****** **CT PA**  **- NJ** ****

**DE -**  **MD NY** **- NJ** ****

**CT PA**  **- NJ** ****

**DE** Atlantic 48.7 12 - $812,476 - - Bergen 54.9 14 $915,804 - $915,804 - Burlington 55.5 14 - $926,088 - $926,088 Camden 38.7 10 - $645,514 - $645,514 Cape May 26.7 7 - $445,127 - - Cumberland 17.7 5 - $294,394 - - Essex 33.7 9 $562,113 - $562,113 - Gloucester 51.8 13 - $863,417 - $863,417 Hudson 29.3 7 $489,318 - $489,318 - Hunterdon 19.0 5 $316,088 - - - Mercer 38.6 10 - $643,586 $643,586 - Middlesex 57.2 14 $953,246 - $953,246 - Monmouth 40.9 10 $682,635 - $682,635 - Morris 57.9 15 $965,619 - $965,619 - Ocean 45.6 12 - $760,250 - - Passaic 15.1 4 $251,488 - $251,488 - Salem 21.2 5 - $353,691 - - Somerset 34.7 9 $578,022 - $578,022 - Sus sex 0.8 0 $13,177 - - - Union 40.9 10 $682,313 - $682,313 - Warren 28.4 7 $472,927 - - - **Total** 757.1 192.0 $6,882,749 $5,744,543 $6,724,143 $2,435,019 Cost/Benefit Results **Pollutant Cost/Benefit for Each Pollutant**  **Ozone PM 2.5**  **NY -**  **NJ -**  **CT PA** **- NJ** **- DE**  **- MD**  **NY -**  **NJ -**  **CT PA** **- NJ** **- DE**  **VOC ($/Ton/Day)** Increase in VOC Increase in VOC - - **NOx ($/Ton/Day)** $101,338 $140,451 - - **NOx ($/Ton/Year)** - - $55,290 $67,693 **PM2.5 ($/Ton/Year)** - - No Change No Change **SO2 ($/Ton/Year)** - - No Change No Change * Da ily Costs used in calculation of cost/benefit ratio are Annual costs divided by 250