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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

ANNUAL REPORT

/

FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1980
Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2010 with funding from

Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/annualrepo1980unit
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Balboa, Republic of Panama

OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

From the Administrator:

I am pleased to submit the first annual report of the Panama Canal

Commission covering Canal operations for fiscal year 1980. During the

initial year under the new Treaty, the Canal organization continued to fulfill

its mission of transiting vessels safely and efficiently through the waterway.

In terms of transits and tonnage, fiscal year 1980 was a productive year with

both categories showing significant increases over last year and tolls revenue

reached a record level. These accomplishments reflect the efforts of the dedicated and skilled employees who operate and maintain the Canal.

The dominant factor in Canal traffic growth was the increase in the volume of Alaska North Slope crude oil with grains and coal also continuing

to exert an increasing influence on traffic patterns. These three commodities

represented about sixty percent of total Canal cargo movements during the

fiscal year. Their influence on Canal traffic has been a primary factor in the upward trend in large ships transiting the Panama Canal.

To expand Canal capacity and ensure the continued viability of the Canal

for the future, a number of capital improvements to the waterway were

initiated or continued during the year. These improvements are designed to

facilitate the transit of vessels through the Canal and ease the navigational

problems in certain critical areas. The installation of locks chamber lighting

continued and, upon completion, will provide increased capacity to handle

daylight-restricted vessels. Other programs provide for the widening and

deepening of the Canal channel; replacement and addition of tugs, launches,

and locomotives; improvement of traffic surveillance; replacement of locks

equipment; and the improvement and replacement of transit facilities. The

employment and training of qualified personnel to meet the Commission's

future technical and administrative needs also was intensified.
The new Treaty arrangement with the Republic of Panama, under which

the Commission operates, entered smoothly into effect at the beginning of

the year. The sustained high level of performance by the organization over

the past twelve months is the best indication that the new arrangements are workable. As foreseen, a number of problems of varying complexity arose, but proved manageable. The binational bodies created by the Treaty for resolution of day-to-day problems, such as the Coordinating Committee

and its subcommittees, are functioning and dealing with issues in a practical,

cooperative way. The Commission's binational Board of Directors is meeting on a regular basis and has made substantial progress on the resolution of policy matters pertinent to Commission operations.

The outlook for the immediate future is one of gradually increasing traffic levels and a greater number of large ships. Major planning efforts and

prudent investments in equipment and personnel will be needed to accommodate these changes while maintaining the customary high

standards of performance. As we look to the future, I am certain that the Commission employees will respond to new challenges with the same sense of responsibility and loyalty that has prevailed in the past.

McAuLIFFI

Administrator
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Page

INTRODUCTION

Organization I The Canal 1 Tolls Rates 2 Panama Canal Treaties 2 Treaty Implementation 2 Organization Chart 3 Board of Directors 4 Officials in the Republic of Panama 4 Official in Washington, D.C 4 CHAPTER I-CANAL TRAFFIC

Traffic 5 Comparative Highlights of Operations 6 Commodities and Trade Routes 7 CHAPTER II-CANAL OPERATIONS

Transit Operations 11 Maintenance and Other Canal Projects 13 CHAPTER III-SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Employee Services 15 Logistical Services 15 Transportation Facilities 16 Public Utilities 16 Police and Fire Protection 17 Canal Protection 18 Health and Safety 19 Library-Museum 20 CHAPTER IV-ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Personnel: Force Employed and Rates of Pay 21 Equal Opportunity Program 22 Industrial Relations 24 CHAPTER V—FINANCIAL REPORT

Financial Statements Narrative Statement 25

Results of Operations 26

Capital Expenditures 26

in
CONTENTS

Financial Tables Page

Table 1 .—Balance Sheet 28 Table 2. —Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment 30 Table 3. —Statement of Changes in the Investment of the United States 31 Table 4. —Statement of Changes in Financial Position 32 Table 5.—Statement of Status of Appropiations 33 Table 6. —Statement of Property, Plant, and Equipment 34 Notes to financial statements 35 CHAPTER VI—STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics Table 6.— Panama Canal Traffic, Fiscal Years 1971-1980 46 Table 7.—Commercial Ocean Traffic by Months, Fiscal Years 1980 and 1979 .

.

48 Table 8.—Canal Traffic by Flag of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1980 49 Table 9.—Classification of Canal Traffic by Type of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1980 52 Table 10.— Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1980 55 Table 11. —Segregation of Transits by Registered Gross Tonnage, Fiscal Year 1980 56 Table 12. —Principal Commodities Shipped Through Canal by Fiscal Years. .

.

58 Table 13. —Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Atlantic to Pacific during Fiscal Year 1980 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 62 Table 14. —Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Pacific to Atlantic during Fiscal Year 1980 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 68 Table 15. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific 76 Table 16. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes—Pacific to Atlantic 80 Table 17. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific 85 Table 18. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic 103 Table 19.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction, Fiscal Year 1980 121

Other Statistics Table 20.—Water Supply and Usage 124 Table 21 .—Dredging Operations 124 Table 22.— Electrical Power Generated 125 Table 23. —Police Statistics 126 Table 24. —Fire Statistics 126

IV
INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION

The Panama Canal Commission is an agency of the Executive Branch of

the United States Government, provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty

of 1 977, and established by the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (93 Stat. 452; 22

U.S.C. 3601 et seq.), enacted September 27, 1979. The authority of the President of the United States with respect to the Commission is exercised

through the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Army. The

Commission is supervised by a nine-member Board: five members are nationals of the United States and four are Panamanians. Board members

who are U.S. nationals are appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Commission was established to carry out the responsibilities of the United States with respect to the Panama Canal under the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. In fulfilling these obligations, the Commission manages,

operates, and maintains the Canal, its complementary works,

installations, and equipment, and provides for the orderly transit of vessels through the Canal. The Commission will perform these functions until the Treaty terminates on December 31, 1999, when the Republic of Panama

will assume full responsibility for the Canal.

The Commission is expected to recover, through tolls and other

revenues, all costs of operating and maintaining the Canal, including

interest, depreciation, capital for plant replacement, expansion and

improvements, and payments to the Republic of Panama for public

services and annuities, in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article III and

paragraphs 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII, respectively, of the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. Revenues from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the U.S. Treasury in an account known as the Panama Canal Commission

Fund. Appropriations for operating expenses and capital improvements

are enacted annually by the Congress and are limited to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund.

THE CANAL

The Panama Canal is a lock-type canal approximately 51 miles long

from deep water to deep water. The minimum width of the navigable

channel is 500 feet. Navigable channel depth varies according to the amount of water available in Canal storage areas. The normal range of

permissible transit draft is from 38 feet to 39 feet 6 inches tropical fresh water.

1
2 INTRODUCTION

Vessels transiting the Canal are raised in three steps to the level of Gatun

Lake, the principal source of Canal water, then lowered to sea level again in three steps. The three sets of Canal locks are paired so as to permit

simultaneous lockage of two vessels in the same direction or in opposite

directions. Since August 15, 1914, the official date of its opening, the Panama Canal

has served world trade virtually without interruption. Through this fiscal year, a total of 582,235 vessels of all types have transited with 483,739 or 83.

1

percent of the total being of the oceangoing commercial class. TOLLS RATES

Panama Canal tolls rates were increased approximately 29.3 percent on

October 1, 1979. These rates remained unchanged through fiscal year 1980. Tolls rates are: (a) on merchant vessels, Army and Navy transports,

tankers, hospital ships, supply ships, and yachts, when carrying passengers

or cargo: $1.67 per net vessel ton of 100 cubic feet of actual earning capacity;

(b) on such vessels in ballast, without passengers or cargo: $1.33 per net

vessel ton; and (c) on other floating craft: 93 cents per ton of displacement.

The tonnage of all vessels is determined in accordance with the "Rules of

Measurement of Vessels for the Panama Canal."

Vessels of the Governments of Panama and Colombia were given free

transit as was a transit solely for repairs at Commission facilities. PANAMA CANAL TREATIES

The new treaties governing the future operation, defense, and neutrality

of the Panama Canal were signed in a ceremony at the headquarters of the Organization of American States in Washington, D.C. on September 7, 1977. The treaties were approved by Panama in a plebiscite on October 23,

1977, and the United States Senate gave its advice and consent to their ratification in March and April 1978. On June 16, 1978, the President of the United States exchanged the instruments of ratification in Panama with the Chief of Government, Brigadier General Omar Torrijos. The treaties entered into force on October 1, 1979. TREATY IMPLEMENTATION

The new Treaty arrangement with the Republic of Panama under which

the Commission operates entered smoothly into effect at the beginning of

the year. The sustained high level of performance by the organization over

the past twelve months is the best indication that the new arrangements are workable. As foreseen, a number of problems of varying complexity arose but proved manageable. The binatibnal bodies created by the Treaty for resolution of day-to-day problems, such as the Coordinating Committee

and its subcommittees, are functioning and dealing with issues in a practical,

cooperative way. The Commission's binational Board of Directors is meeting on a regular basis and has made substantial progress on the resolution of policy matters pertinent to Commission operations.
I"

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BOARD OF DIRECTORS

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Honorable Michael Blumenfeld

Chairman

Assistant Secretary of the Army

(Civil Works)

Washington, D.C.

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs Washington, D.C.

Honorable J. W. Clark

New Orleans, Louisiana

Honorable Edwin Fabrega

Director General

Institute of Hydraulic Resources and Electrification Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Clifford O'Hara

Director of Port Commerce

The Port Authority of New

York and New Jersey New York, New York

Honorable Tomas Paredes

Executive Director Executive Bureau for Panama Canal

Treaty Affairs Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Minister of Government and

Justice Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Honorable Roberto M. Heurtematte

Panama, Republic of Panama

Executive Committee

Honorable Michael Blumenfeld,

Chairman

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Honorable Tomas Paredes

Budget and Finance Committee

Honorable Edwin Fabrega,

Chairman

Honorable J. W. Clark

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Tomas Paredes

Personnel Committee

Honorable J. W. Clark, Chairman

Honorable Roberto Heurtematte

Honorable William Sidell Honorable Tomas Paredes

Long-Range Canal Improvements

Committee

Honorable Edwin Fabrega, Chairman

Honorable J. W. Clark

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Tomas Paredes

OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Fernando Manfredo, Jr.

OFFICIAL IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.
Chapter I

CANAL TRAFFIC

TRAFFIC

Fiscal year 1980 was another year of growth for Canal traffic and tolls revenue, with most important elements again reaching record levels. The

gains registered were due primarily to sharply higher shipments of crude oil, grains and coal during the second half of the year. Total oceangoing transits increased to 13,614, or 37.2 daily, during the

fiscal year, an increase of 4.3 percent from 13,056, or 35.8 daily in the previous year. Oceangoing commercial vessels accounted for 13,507

transits, compared to 12,935 such transits in fiscal year 1979. Vessels owned

or operated by the U.S. Government, free Colombian and Panamanian

vessels, and vessels arriving for repairs made 107 transits during the year, compared to 121 transits in the previous year. Vessel size continued to increase during the year with 6,089 transits, or

44.7 percent of the total oceangoing transits, having beams of 80 feet or

greater. In fiscal year 1979, 5,503 vessels, or 42.1 percent of the oceangoing

transits, were in this beam category. More than half of the increase in large

beam transits was by vessels with beams equal to or greater than 100 feet. Transits by vessels in this beam category totaled 2,172, or 16.0 percent of all oceangoing transits, compared to 1,873, or 14.3 percent, during fiscal year

1979. In terms of Panama Canal net tons, the average size of oceangoing

commercial transits rose 4. 1 percent, increasing from 12,953 tons per vessel

in 1979 to 13,485 tons in 1980. As a result of the growth in the number of transits and size of vessels, total Panama Canal net tons and the corresponding tolls revenue reached record

levels. Panama Canal net tonnage, at 183.2 million tons, was 8.7 percent

above the 1979 level of 168.5 million tons. Tolls revenue, including the 29.3 percent toll rate increase effective October 1, 1979, rose 40.1 percent from

$209.5 million in 1979 to $293.4 million. Oceangoing commercial tolls accounted for $291.8 million of the total tolls in 1980 and U.S. Government

tolls amounted to $1.5 million. Other transit related revenues reached $41.7

million for a total transit revenue of $335.2 million compared to $245.2

million in fiscal year 1979. A two-year summary of the principal elements of Canal traffic is shown

on the following table:
6 CANAL TRAFFIC

COMPARATIVE HIGHLIGHTS OF OPERATIONS

Fiscal year

1 mo 7979 ' Oceangoing transits: Commercial 13,507 12,935 U.S. Government 101 111 Free 6 10 Total 13,614 13,056 Daily average 37.2 35.8

Small transits: Commercial 788 936

U.S. Government 276 315

Free 47 55 Total 1,111 1,306

Total cargo: Commercial 167,215,722 154,1 18,584 U.S. Government 396,481 357,491 Free 4

Total 167,612,203 154,476,079 Total Panama Canal net tons and reconstructed displace- ment tonnage 183,173,120 168,477,425

Transit revenue: Canal tolls $291,913,488 $208,453,332

Tolls on U.S. Government vessels 1,530,455 1,068,544 Total $293,443,943 $209,521,876

Harbor pilotage, tug, launch, and other services' 41,717,532 35,712,060 Total transit revenue 1 $335,161,475 $245,233,936 'FY 1979 figures revised
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 7 COMMODITIES AND TRADE ROUTES

Total Canal cargo movements increased 8.5 percent from 154.5 million

long tons in fiscal year 1979 to a record 167.6 million long tons in fiscal year 1980. Shipments of petroleum and petroleum products accounted for 28.3 percent of all cargo shipments. Total shipments of this commodity group

increased 10.6 percent from the level of the previous year with the entire increase due to a sharp rise in Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude petroleum

shipments moving through the Canal. ANS crude petroleum shipments

totaled 22. 1 million long tons, an increase of nearly 40.0 percent from the prior year. Total crude petroleum shipments accounted for 74.5 percent of

this commodity group, with 35.3 million long tons moving through the Canal compared to 30.0 million in fiscal year 1979. Shipments of other

petroleum products, excluding crude oil, decreased 6.8 percent from 12.9 million long tons in fiscal year 1979 to 12.0 million long tons in 1980. Grain shipments through the Canal continued to increase during the year, reaching a record 30.4 million long tons, an increase of 10. 1 percent from the prior year. This commodity group accounted for 18.1 percent of total Canal

cargo tonnage. Nearly half of the increase was due to a 24.0 percent rise in wheat shipments from 5.3 million long tons in 1979 to 6.6 million long tons

in fiscal year 1980. The remainder of the increase was mainly due to higher

sorghum and soybean movements. Corn shipments decreased slightly from

12.9 million long tons in 1979 to 12.4 million long tons in 1980. Grain

shipments from the United States to Asia constituted 73.9 percent of the

total movement of this commodity group, with Japan remaining the primary destination.

Shipments of coal and coke increased 22.3 percent during fiscal year 1 980

to 17.0 million long tons, the highest level in five years. Coal and coke

shipments accounted for 10.1 percent of all cargo shipments. The surge in coal movements, which occurred during the latter part of the year, was

primarily due to increased shipments from the U.S. East Coast to Japan as a

result of the Australian coal strike and the seeking of alternative supplies by

Japanese buyers.

Most other major Canal commodity movements registered increases

during the year, with the exception of two commodity groups, manufactures

of iron and steel, and lumber and products. Shipments of iron and steel, at 7.4 million long tons, remained at prior year levels, and lumber and products

tonnage decreased 1.4 percent to 7.2 million long tons. Trade between the East Coast United States and Asia continued to dominate Canal traffic, with nearly 35.0 percent of total Canal cargo

moving over this route. Cargo movements in this trade rose 5.7 percent from

55.1 million long tons in 1979 to 58.3 million long tons in fiscal year 1980. The following tables show the principal commodity groups moving in oceangoing commercial vessels in 1980 and a comparison of the major trade

routes in 1980 and 1979:
CANAL TRAFFIC

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Chapter II

CANAL OPERATIONS

Canal operations are comprised of Transit Operations and Maintenance

and Other Canal Projects. The various functions are divided among a number of operating bureaus within the Canal agency. TRANSIT OPERATIONS

Daily average transits by oceangoing vessels increased from the 35.8 per day during fiscal year 1979 to 37.2 per day during fiscal year 1980. Average

time in Canal waters increased from 24.0 hours in fiscal year 1979

to 34.9 hours in fiscal year 1980.

Percent Percent

Vessels of total Vessels of total of 600-foot oceangoing of 80-foot oceangoing

Fiscal year length and over transits beam and over transits 1980 4,598 33.8 6,089 44.7 1979 4,089 31.3 5,503 42.2

1978 3,842 30.1 5,200 40.7 1977 3,012 25.1 4,254 35.5 TQ 761 24.9 1,052 34.4 1976 3,071 25.0 4,010 32.7 The number of vessels transiting at more than 36-foot drafts increased

11.6 percent during FY 1980 with 2,128 vessels transiting the Canal

compared to 1 ,906 last year. Draft allowed transiting vessels throughout the year was maintained at 39 feet 6 inches with no substantive changes.

The rise in percentage of vessels of 80-foot beam and over resulted in an

increase in tug jobs and total tug operating hours. This upward trend is reflected in the following table:

Fiscal year

' 1980 1979

' Oceangoing transits 13,614 13,056 Tug jobs: Balboa 27,531 25,550

Cristobal 18,779 20,618 Tug operating hours 65,098 59,705

11
12 CANAL OPERATIONS
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 13 MAINTENANCE AND OTHER CANAL PROJECTS

During fiscal year 1980, a rock dike was designed and constructed to protect the east pier of the Thatcher Ferry Bridge. Some degree of

protection was provided in 1965 when rock dikes were constructed around

the two piers adjacent to the channel. Pursuant to a second study in 1974, a determination was made that the existing muck and rock dikes would

protect the bridge piers at almost any angle of approach by a ship of up to 35-foot draft. In May 1980, as a result of the Tampa Bay Bridge catastrophy,

the pier protection was reassessed using new criteria and the conclusion was

reached that a similar accident could conceivably occur at the Thatcher

Ferry Bridge. Remedial action was taken. The west pier requires no

protection unless the Canal channel is widened.

The feasibility of developing additional anchorage area in Gatun Lake on

the Atlantic side was analyzed. The results of the study indicated that expansion of the existing anchorage was the most practicable and

economical method of increasing the capacity of the holding area. The

project was divided into two parts, Phase I and Phase II, each defined by a

strip 700 feet wide at the east and west perimeter of the existing anchorage.

Since adequate depths were available in these areas, blasting and clearing of

approximately 1,000 trees to 50-foot depths was initiated in September and

completed in October. The expanded anchorage is approximately 35

percent larger. Additional expansion will be studied during fiscal year 1 98 1

.

The design and specifications for 40 high-mast light poles on the east, center, and west walls of Gatun Locks were completed. Installation of the high intensity lighting is expected to be completed in January 1982 and will provide Canal pilots better visibility when transiting wide beam ships at night. Similar lighting was installed at Miraflores Locks last year. The visible structures of the wreckage of the Tirona and Quidnet, two

sunken vessels located in Gatun Lake and Limon Bay, respectively, were removed from Canal waters by Commission forces with the aid of 317th

Special Forces Group personnel during the year. The above water portions were separated from the underwater wreckage with explosive charges by

Army personnel. Using the crane US Goliath, the sections were lifted and

placed in deeper water, out of sight.

The second largest oil spill in Canal waters occurred on June 7, 1980,

when the Texaco Connecticut, carrying Alaskan crude oil, struck the east bank north of Gaillard Cut. The ship continued northbound spilling an

estimated 4,000 barrels of crude oil during the transit. Containment and

recovery of the oil began almost immediately with units of the Commission

receiving assistance from the U.S. Army and the National Port Authority of

Panama. During 27 days of effort, 1,361 barrels of oil were recovered. Of the remaining oil, about 1,600 barrels evaporated and the balance biodegraded

in the water.
14 CANAL OPERATIONS

In fiscal year 1980, a new method was developed to repair the locomotive

tow track. The procedure, called the "alternate tie method", consists of

removing and replacing alternate ties together with sections of the concrete foundation thus permitting the track to be repaired without taking it out of

service. Trials of the new method have proven successful and the procedure

will become the standard track repair technique to be used in the future. During fiscal year 1980, efforts were continued to achieve more effective control of aquatic weeds in Gatun Lake and the lower Chagres River. An

evaluation of the water hyacinth moth, which was introduced during fiscal year 1978, was still ongoing. To date, positive test results have not been

obtained. A remodeled control test facility has been provided as an insectary

to receive the Sameodes albigutallis moth in early fiscal year 1981. This is expected to facilitate future evaluation of the effectiveness of the moth. The

only recorded observation of the Chinese grass carp, the White Amur,

during the year was in the Gatun Third Locks area. At that location, a

significant change in hydrilla growth was experienced during the year due to the feeding of the fish. While the observations indicate the effectiveness of

the White Amur in controlling hydrilla in a small body of water, definitive

results have yet to be obtained from their stocking in Gatun Lake. The

testing and evaluation of various chemical products on aquatic weeds was

also continued during the year. Results have shown that several products

have application possibilities in the Canal Area. For the most part, the experiments were conducted in conjunction with private chemical firms

and/ or the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station

(WES), Vicksburg, Mississippi. Further testing will be accomplished during

fiscal year 1981. Work continued on the Panama Canal Dam and Spillway Inspection

Study initiated in fiscal year 1977 by the Mobile District of the U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers. The Corps completed Phase I of the study in fiscal year

1977 involving the inspection of Miraflores Spillway, Gatun Dam, Madden

Dam, the major saddle dams of both Gatun and Madden Lakes, and the Gatun and Pedro Miguel Locks facilities. Phase II, which included the reappraisal of the Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) by the National

Weather Service, was completed in fiscal year 1978. During fiscal year 1979, the Corps devoted efforts to Phases III and IV of the project dealing with a study of a new flood hydrograph for the Madden and Gatun basins and the development of new flood routings. Phase V dealing with an evaluation of

the adequacy of the lock chambers for use as flood spillways, and Phase VIII dealing with an evaluation of the meteorological and hydrographic

functions. These phases were completed in fiscal year 1980. The final phase,

which should be completed in fiscal year 1981, will be an overview of the

entire study and will discuss alternative ways of controlling floods.
Chapter III

SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Supporting operations of the Panama Canal provided essential support

services to the operation of the waterway, as well as to other U.S. agencies on the Isthmus and to employees and their dependents. These operations

included Employee Services, Logistical Services, Transportation Facilities,

Public Utilities, Police and Fire Protection, Canal Protection, Health and

Safety, and Library-Museum.

EMPLOYEE SERVICES

During fiscal year 1980, the Commission provided housing, care of

grounds, refuse disposal, and buildings management services for the agency,

its employees and their dependents; off-duty recreational activities and

facilities; and emergency preparedness programs related to civil defense. The livability program, which permits certain improvements to quarters

by employees, as well as the installation of vinyl siding on composite

quarters and exterior and interior painting of quarters were continued as in previous years. Physical security improvements to quarters were accelerated

during the year. Additional parking slabs were constructed in townsites to provide off-the-street parking, thus reducing congestion in critical areas. The Commission also administered and maintained five swimming pools

and one gymnasium.

LOGISTICAL SERVICES

The Storehouse Division and New Orleans Procurement Division

provided essential procurement and supply system support to Canal

operations. In addition to recurring procurements for supplies and services, three major capital-funded contracts were awarded during the year, one to a U.S. boat builder for construction of five medium self-propelled dredging

support launches and one workboat/crewboat to be delivered in 1981 for

15
16 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

a total value of $ 1 .8 million; a second to a Japanese firm for the construction

of, four locks towing locomotives and additional major components for delivery in early 1982, at a total value of $4.8 million; and a third for a diesel- powered, conventional drive harbor tugboat with flanking rudders and Kort

nozzles, to be constructed in Louisiana and delivered in 1981 at a cost of $3.

8

million. A new computerized on-line inventory management system was

implemented to control the Commission's 38,000 line item, $18 million

standard stock inventory. Significant changes driven by the Treaty were

experienced in the areas of procurement preference to Panama and heavy

property transfers and excess disposal activities. Total procurements of

goods and services were over $71 million, up from $63 million the previous

year. TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

The Panama Canal Commission's transportation facilities included a motor vehicle fleet, and an oceangoing general cargo vessel (SS Cristobal.)

The Motor Transportation Division operates and maintains a consolidated motor pool designed to meet the vehicular transportation

requirements of the Commission. The vehicle fleet numbered 719 in fiscal year 1980, with vehicle mileage dropping from 9,174,000 in fiscal year 1979

to 7,048,000 miles in fiscal 1980. The vehicle inspection facilities located

within the Motor Transportation Division areas were used by the Government of Panama to conduct inspections of privately owned vehicles

and by the Motor Transportation Division to perform Commission vehicle

inspections. Fully equipped shops, including a tire retreading plant, provide

facilities for maintenance and repairs to both the Motor Transportation

Division fleet and special equipment, and vehicles and equipment belonging

to other Commission units. The necessary logistical support for the Commission and other U.S.

agencies continued during fiscal year 1980 with the completion of 24

regularly scheduled round-trip voyages by the SS Cristobal between New

Orleans and the port of Cristobal in Panama. Cargo volume carried by the SS Cristobal in fiscal year 1980 amounted to 103,597 measurement tons compared to 162,586 measurement tons carried in fiscal year 1979, a decrease of 36 percent. The reduction was primarily due to a 63 percent

decrease in Commission cargo and a 58 percent decrease in employee cargo

from levels previously carried for the Panama Canal Company/ Canal Zone

Government. These decreases were partially offset by a 20 percent increase

in military cargo. The SS Cristobal continued to provide facilities for 12 passengers. PUBLIC UTILITIES

Panama Canal Commission facilities include electric power generation

and distribution systems, communication systems, water purification and

distribution systems, and a central chilled water air conditioning system for certain public buildings on the Pacific side.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 17

Total Canal Area energy demand during fiscal year 1980 was567gigawatt

hours, a 12.0 percent decrease from the 645 gigawatt hours used last year. The peak hourly demand of 93 megawatts reached on May 5, 1980, was 8.8 percent below the peak of 105 megawatts in the prior year. Agency-wide

energy consumption in fiscal year 1980 for electrical power and fuel, calculated together in BTU's, was reduced 19.4 percent from the energy

conservation baseline period of fiscal year 1975. Electrical power

comsumption for Commission operations, 71.6 gigawatt hours, was 9.8 percent below the corresponding fiscal year 1975 level; fuel consumption

(excluding fuel for power generation), 5.6 million gallons, was 27.6 percent

below fiscal year 1975. Total mileage for Agency-wide operations was 8 million less than for the fiscal year 1975 baseline. In response to a Presidential Directive targeting a 5.0 percent energy

reduction for federal agencies during the period April 1979-March 1980,

Commission electrical power was reduced 10.0 percent and fuel consumption was reduced 7.3 percent below prior year levels. These

performance figures translated to a total BTU reduction of 8.6 percent in relation to the short-term Presidentially directed baselines. The water treatment and distribution systems operated by the Commission provide potable water for the Canal Area and areas of the Republic of Panama. The Pacific side system serves the Canal Area,

Panama City, and suburban areas; and the separate Atlantic side system

serves the Canal Area, the city of Colon, and suburban areas. During fiscal year 1 980, the two systems supplied 2,929 million cubic feet of potable water

to consumers, a decrease of about 2 percent over the previous year.

Water Consumption by Areas

(Millions Of CUbic feet) Fiscal year

1 1980 1979

' Canal Area 717 845 Panama City and suburbs 1 ,536 1 ,486 Colon and suburbs 676 63

1

Vessels 18 Total 2,929 2,980 The water provided to Panama City in fiscal year 1980 was 4.0 percent

above fiscal year 1979 consumption and averaged 31.5 million gallons per day throughout the fiscal year. This increase in water consumption is due to

the population increase in Panama City and the transfer of activities such as

the ports (and vessel supply) to Panama.

POLICE AND FIRE PROTECTION

The mission of the Police-Division is the preservation of public peace and

order, protection of life and property, and prevention of crime throughout

Commission areas working with the Panama National Guard.
18 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

At the beginning of fiscal year 1980, the dual jurisdiction concept and

joint patrol with the Panama National Guard took effect. This transition

has been smooth and effective. The inmate population at the Gamboa Penitentiary declined during the year due to expiration of sentences, paroles, and the absence of new inmates

coming into the system. The lack of new inmates can be attributed to Panama taking over criminal jurisdiction in the case of most Panamanian

citizens. The implementation of the Prisoner Exchange Treaty was effected. Concurrent with the end of the fiscal year, the Gamboa Penitentiary ceased

its correctional function and the Penitentiary personnel were reassigned and

their positions abolished. Twelve inmates were transferrd to the Republc of

Panama, 24 were transferred to federal penitentiaries in the United States and 8 inmates are completing their sentences (in most cases less than six months) in Commission district jails. During fiscal year 1980, 335 persons subject to U.S. jurisdiction were

arrested compared to 2,923 persons arrested in fiscal year 1979. A total of

1,017 persons subject to Panama jurisdiction were arrested in the Canal

Area and handled by Republic of Panama authorities. The Panama Canal Commission Fire Division is responsible for fire protection, firefighting and rescue operations in Canal operating areas, defense sites, civilian and military areas of coordination, and shipboard fire fighting on all vessels in Commission waters. There were 770 fires (excluding

ships) in fiscal year 1980, causing a loss of $247,988 compared to 1 ,034 fires resulting in a loss of $193,534 in fiscal year 1979. There were 13 ship fires during the year versus 14 the previous year. Ship

fire losses in 1980 were $512,195 compared to $194,650 the year before. CANAL PROTECTION

The Canal Protection Division provides the protection and physical

security for vital installations and related activities of the Panama Canal

Commission through the prevention and detection of sabotage, theft and

pilferage; and the prevention of unauthorized use of Government property,

equipment and facilities. The function of providing payroll guard services was transferred from the Police Division to the Canal Protection Division during October, 1979. Payroll guards and occasional armed motorized escorts are provided to Agent Cashiers of the Treasury Branch on both sides of the Isthmus.

1 lm> 1979'

Searches 294,104 550,524

Security Operational Inspections 927 1,339
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 19 HEALTH AND SAFETY

Prior to implementation of the Panama Canal Treaty on October 1, 1979, the Health Bureau of the Canal Zone Government was responsible for the operation of a comprehensive health care delivery system which provided

treatment and related services to Panama Canal Company/ Canal Zone

Government employees and their families, to military personnel and their dependents, to Department of Defense civilian employees and their dependents and to certain other categories of eligibles residing in the Canal

Zone and the Republic of Panama. That system included Gorgas and Coco

Solo Hospitals, the Canal Zone Mental Health Center, Palo Seco Hospital

for the treatment of Hansen's Disease, and the divisions of Public Health,

Veterinary Medicine, Sanitation and Mental Health. In connection with the

treaty, however, operation of the health care system was assumed on

October 1, 1979, by the U.S. Army Medical Department Activity

(MEDDAC), Panama, a Department of Defense organization and the operation of Palo Seco Hospital, as well as the Rainbow City and Paraiso

Community Health Centers, was assumed by the Ministry of Health of the Government of Panama.

On October 1, 1979, the Office of Health and Safety was established

within the new Panama Canal Commission with responsibility for the agency's environmental sanitation, occupational health, industrial hygiene

and safety, and zoonotic disease control programs. The Office of Health and

Safety is also responsible for maintaining close liaison with MEDDAC on

all matters pertaining to the health care provided Commission employees,

their dependents and others sponsored by the agency. In addition, the Office

provides liaison with components of the Department of Defense, other U.S. Government agencies and appropriate officials and organizations of the Government of Panama relative to health matters. During fiscal year 1980, significant changes in the Atlantic area health

care delivery system were announced and later implemented by the U.S. Army Medical Department Activity (MEDDAC), Panama. A number of

public briefings and media coverage were developed which outlined the nature of the changes (principal of which was the closing of the Obstetric/ Gynecology Service at Coco Solo Army Hospital), the rationale

for the changes and the positive aspects of the new system.

Considerable effort was devoted during the year to improving and

expanding the agency's occupational health program. In that connection, an

in-house system utilizing the agency occupational health physician was

developed to evaluate Commission employees to determine their fitness to perform assigned duties and an in-house program was also initiated for conducting preemployment and periodic physical examinations for Commission employees. In addition, the role of the Commission's first aid

stations and the nurses who staff those stations was expanded to provide
20 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

more comprehensive occupational health care services to Commission

employees.

Despite inordinate personnel turnover, organizational restructuring, and

the uncertainties of the post-treaty period, the agency's disabling injury

frequency was reduced from 7.72 per 1 million man-hours worked in fiscal year 1979 to 5.58 in fiscal year 1980, reflecting the major emphasis placed on

safety by management.

LIBRARY-MUSEUM

The Library-Museum is responsible for providing information and

research service to the Panama Canal Commission and for maintaining a

special library and museum collection on Panama Canal history. In addition, it is responsible for providing public library service to Commission

employees and their dependents, to U.S. Forces and their dependents and,

to the extent possible, other Isthmian residents. The circulation index increased from 705.0 in fiscal year 1979 to 715.4 in

fiscal year 1980. The reference index decreased from 28.3 in fiscal year 1979

to 14.7 in fiscal year 1980. Total items in the library increased from 254,800

to 258,500.
Chapter IV

ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

PERSONNEL

FORCE EMPLOYED AND RATES OF PAY

At the end of fiscal year 1 980, the total Isthmian force of the Commission

was 8,626 compared to 12,885 Panama Canal Company/ Canal Zone

Government employees in Fiscal Year 1979. Of the total in 1980, 7,599 were

full-time permanent and 1,027 were part-time and temporary. In addition,

there were 10 military personnel assigned to the Commission on the Isthmus. Seventy-four persons, all U.S. citizens, were employed by the Commission in New Orleans and Washington, D.C.

Approximately 72 percent of the total Isthmian force is comprised of

Panamanians 4 percent of third country nationals; and the remaining 24

percent of U.S. citizens. Rates of pay were established on a Canal Area

Wage Base for occupational categories which were filled by recruitment on

the Isthmus prior to October 1, 1979; on a U.S. Wage Base for those

positions normally filled by recruitment from the United States prior to October 1, 1979; on a Panama Area Wage Base for employees hired locally on or after October 1, 1979; and on a Critical Skill Wage Base for employees

hired into Critical Skill Occupations after October I, 1979. The following

table shows the Commission permanent full-time Isthmian force by

citizenship and wage base, excluding student assistants:

NonFiscal Year 1980 U.S. U.S. Total Canal Area Wage Base 1 24 3,92

1

4,045

U.S. Wage Base 1,636 1,370 3,006 Retained U.S. Wage Base 101 257 358' Panama Area Wage Base 22 127 149

Critical Skill Wage Base 12 29 41 Total Full-time Permanent Force2 1,895 5,704 7,599 The total Commission payroll reached $155.2 million in FY 1980

compared to the Company/ Government payroll of $216.7 million in FY

1979. Of the total Commission FY 1980 payroll, $89.5 million was paid to non-U. S. citizen employees and $65.7 million to U.S. citizen employees.

1 Employees who occupy positions which will be changed to the Canal Area Wage Base when vacated, includes Administrator, and Deputy Administrator, but excludes full-time temporary, and part-time.

21
22 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM

At the conclusion of fiscal year 1980, the Office of Equal Opportunity

completed its seventh year of operation. While the agency work force decreased in size upon entry into force of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1979, the case load of equal opportunity complaints remained generally at the same ratio in proportion to the size of the work force as follows:

Fiscal year 1980 Formal EEO Complaints 17 21 Work Force , 8,400 14,200 Proportion of Formal Complaints Filed Versus Work Force 1:500 1:675

The factor of race/ color continued to be the major factor and basis of the formal complaints filed. Complaints filed on the basis of sex reflected a modest decrease between fiscal year 1979 and fiscal year 1980 and cases filed on the basis of national origin remained unchanged. A breakdown of the complaints filed on the basis of factors follows:

Factor

Fiscal Year

' 1980 1979

'

1 9 "3

4

4

4

"2

2

1 17 21

Race/ Color

Religion Sex

National Origin

Age

Handicapping Condition

Citizenship Total

In December 1979, the Administrator issued a policy statement on equal

opportunity wherein he extended to the non-U. S. citizen employees and

applicants for employment the rights and privileges of EEO Programs. The

Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 excludes aliens outside of the United States. With the entry into force of the Panama Canal Treaty on

October 1, 1979 and cessation of the Canal Zone on that date, the United

States no longer retained jurisdiction in the Canal Area. The

Administrator's statement assured non-U. S. citizens the rights, privileges,

and protections under EEO laws and regulations to the maximum extent

administratively possible. Concurrently, the Administrator delegated to the Equal Opportunity Director responsibility for monitoring the Panamanian

Preference Program and responsibility for processing complaints filed on

the basis of citizenship. As noted above, only one complaint on the basis of

citizenship was processed during fiscal year 1980. A second major accomplishment during fiscal year 1980 was the issuance

of a policy statement by the Administrator prohibiting sexual harassment

within the Commission. The statement provided that sexual harassment is a
Fiscal year Fiscal year 1980 1979 7,577 804

(90.5%)

( 9.6%)

11,764 2,460 (82.7%)

(17.3%)

8,381 (100.0%) 14,224 (100.0%)

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 23

prohibited mode of conduct under all circumstances relating to employment

by the agency and that complaints due to sexual harassment would be

processed by the Office of Equal Opportunity.

The number of females in the work force decreased dramatically between

fiscal year 1979 and fiscal year 1980 as a result of the transfer of functions to the Department of Defense of organizations occupied predominantly by

females.

Males Females

Total

Sharp changes in the agency's minority groupings of Blacks and

Hispanics were also noted upon entry into force of the Treaty as follows:

Indian

Blacks Hispanics Cultures Oriental Others Total Fiscal year 1980 ... 2,421 4,122 14 105 1,719 8 381 (28.9%) (49.2%) (0.2%) (1.3%) (20.4%) (100.0%)

Fiscal year 1979 ... 4,907 6,202 29 170 2 916 14 224

(34.5%) (43.6%) (0.2%) (1.2%) (20.6%) (100.0%) These changes occurred as a result of the termination of services performed by the former Panama Canal Company/ Canal Zone

Government; e.g., railroad, terminals, piers, etc.; and the transfer of

organizations to the Department of Defense; e.g., schools, hospitals, etc. In addition, the Office of Equal Opportunity in its role to monitor the Panamanian Preference Program studied the agency's optional turnover

rate as an indicator for future planning needs for the staffing and training of

Panamanians. The study reflected that the rate of optional retirements

remained generally unchanged between fiscal year 1979 and fiscal year 1980. U.S. citizens and Third Country Nationals, on the other hand, were availing

themselves of the liberal retirement provisions of the Panama Canal Act as

reflected in the following high optional retirement turnover rates for the two

groups:

Fiscal year us 7.2% 5.0% Non-U. S 6.1% 7.1% Panamanian 5.8% N/ A

Third Country National ] 1 g% _N7 A

All Groups 6.4% 6.5%

The turnover of skilled and experienced personnel caused problems of

replacement and training, but did not adversely affect the Canal operation.
24 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

During fiscal year 1980, the Panama Canal Commission embarked on a new and unique course in labor-management relations. The statutory

provisions of federal labor management relations included in the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 were made applicable to the Panama Canal

Commission. In addition, the Panama Canal Act of 1979 extended the same

statutory provisions to include all non-U. S. citizen employees of the Commission. This latter action is unique in the history of U.S. Federal

Service labor-management relations. In application of these new statutory

requirements, the Panama Canal Pilots Association, in March 1980,

became the first labor union to be certified as an exclusive representative in the Commission. The Federal Labor Relations Authority held a

Representational Hearing in April 1980 to determine the remaining units within the Commission and direct elections which will enable other unions

to obtain exclusive certification for employees in the Commission.
Chapter V

FINANCIAL REPORT

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1980

The United States of America and the Government of Panama signed the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 and a Treaty Concerning the Permanent

Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal on September 7, 1977. The

Treaties were ratified by both countries and entered into force on October I, 1979. The Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70) was passed by

the Congress of the United States on September 27, 1979. This Act provided

the legislation necessary for the implementation of the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977 and for the operation and maintenance of the Panama Canal

under the Treaty. This Act also established the Panama Canal Commission

as an appropriated fund agency and instrumentality of the United States Government. Operational and capital funds of the Panama Canal

Commission are specifically authorized and appropriated by law and no

funds may be obligated or expended for any fiscal year until so authorized.

The Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 resulted in liquidation of the Panama

Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government, effective September 30, 1979. At liquidation, $84.2 million of fixed assets at net book value and $0.7

million of other assets were transferred at no cost to the Government of

Panama. At the same time, $34.9 million of fixed assets and $1.4 million of

other assets were transferred to other government agencies at no cost. At

liquidation, all unexpended balances of the appropriation accounts of the Canal Zone Government were covered into the general fund of the U.S. Treasury. At the same time, all unexpended funds of the Panama Canal

Company were covered into the U.S. Treasury to a special account known

as the Panama Canal Commission Fund.

During the fiscal year ended September 30, 1980, the Panama Canal

Commission deposited into the U.S. Treasury (Panama Canal Commission

25
26 FINANCIAL REPORT

Fund) $455.5 million, including $71.3 million of unexpended Panama Canal

Company funds, and $384.2 million of receipts derived from tolls for the use of the Panama Canal and from all other collections of the Panama Canal

Commission. During fiscal year 1980, the Congress of the United States (96th Congress, Public Law No. 96- 131) appropriated to the Panama Canal

Commission $427,262,000 for operating expenses (including payment of

obligations of the predecessor agencies) for the fiscal year and a further amount of $36,625,000 for the capital outlays of the Commission. On July 8, 1980, the original appropriation for operating expenses of the Commission

was reduced by $104,000, resulting in a net appropriation for Commission

operating expenses for fiscal year 1980 of $427, 158,000. Of this amount, the Commission obligated (including obligations of the predecessor agencies) an amount of $407.3 million and will return to the U.S. Treasury the amount

of $19.8 million. Of the capital outlay appropriation provided to the Commission, $33. 1 million were obligated during the current year, with the balance of funds being retained by the Commission for obligation during the subsequent fiscal years. The financial statements of the Panama Canal Commission, appearing as Tables 1 through 6, with accompanying notes, present the financial position

of the Commission at September 30, 1980 and the results of its operations

for the fiscal year then ended.

The accounts and statements of the Panama Canal Commission have

been examined by the General Auditor of the Commission and by the U.S. General Accounting Office. Detailed audit reports of the U.S. General

Accounting Office are directed to the Congress and are presented as Congressional documents.

Summary information concerning operating results and capital expenditures follows. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net revenue from operations amounted to $2.7 million. This amount is payable to the Government of Panama pursuant to the provisions of

paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 subject

to the limitations set forth in Chapter 3, Subchapter V, Section 1341(e) of

the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70). The Commission

has requested a supplemental appropriation in fiscal year 198 1 for purposes

of making this payment.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

Capital expenditures for fiscal year 1980 amounted to $17.8 million. The

principal expenditures were $4.4 million for channel improvements, $2.5

million for purchase of a new tugboat and $1.3 million for improvements to communication facilities.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 27 PRICE-LEVEL ADJUSTED STATEMENTS

The balance sheet and the statement of operations presented on the conventional basis of historical costs are also separately presented to show

the impact of inflation on the balance sheet and the results of operations.

These price-level statements, accompanied by an explanation of the methodology of their preparation, follow the notes to the regular financial statements.
28 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 1.— Balance Sheet

Assets Property, Plant and Equipment:

At cost (Note 2b) $843,465,642

Less accumulated depreciation and valuation allowances (Notes 2d, 3, and 4) 384,231,884 459,233,758

Current Assets: Fund balances and cash (Note 5): Operating fund: Obligated 76,894,964 Unobligated to be returned to the U.S. Treasury (Table 3) . .

.

19,842,317 Capital fund 20,186, 122 Postal fund 186,784 Trust fund 1 ,360,268 Cash receipts for deposit into U.S. Treasury 1,661,600 120,132,055

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $705,648

(Note 2e) 21,961,458 Other receivables (Note 6) 5,153,925 27,115,383

Inventories, less allowance for obsolete and excess inventory of $481,529

(Note 20 25,743,294

Other current assets 1,510,079

174,500,811

Other Assets:

Deferred charges: Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor

agencies (Note 2g) 1 3,4 1 2,000 Other 1,272,140 14,684,140 Total Assets $648,418,709
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

September 30, 1980

29

Liabilities Investment of the United States:

Invested capital: Interest-bearing (7.096%) (Note 7) $148,246,061

Non-interest-bearing 236,530,780

384,776,841 Current budgetary accounts: Obligated operating funds 76.894,964 Obligated capital funds 16,630,877 Unobligated capital funds 3,555,245 97,081,086 481,857,927

Current Liabilities: Accounts payable:

U.S. Treasury —Unobligated operating funds to be returned (Table 3) U.S. Government agencies (Note 8) Government of Panama

Other

Accrued liabilities: Employees' leave

Salaries and wages

Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor

agencies (Note 2g) Employees' repatriation Claims for damages to vessels (Notes 6 and 9) Earnings payable to Government of Panama (Note 10) Other

Other current liabilities: Capital factor (Note 2c) Other

19,842,317 13,972,693 7,004,420 6,468,939 47,288,369

32,814,578

4,339,009

1,613,000 2,534,616 30,272,398

2,699,181 2,114,577 76,387,359

6,909,190

1,369,035 8,278,225

131,953,953 Other Liabilities and Reserves:

Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor

agencies (Note 2g) 11 ,799,000 Employees' repatriation 8,188,000 Lock overhauls (Note 2h) 5,028.517 Unfunded liabilities for damages to vessels (Notes 6 and 9) 7,213.170 Casualty losses (Notes 2i and II) 2,378,142 34,606,829 Total Liabilities $648,418,709 The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
30 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 2.— Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 1980

Operating Revenues:

Tolls (Note 2a) $293,443,942

Capital factor (Note 2c) (6,909,190) Net tolls revenue 286,534,752 Other 82,874,355 Total operating revenue 369,409,107

Operating Expenses:

Payment to the Republic of Panama (Note 10): Public services 10,000,000 Fixed annuity 10,000,000 Tonnage 54,952,599

74,952,599 Maintenance of channels and harbors 29,279,427 Navigation service and control 55,169,624 Locks operation 31 ,485,789 General repair, storehouse, engineering and maintenance services .... 8,522,796 Transportation and utilities 36,235,740 Housing operations 8,178,834 General and administrative 70, 1 79,784

Interest 11 ,938,624 Other 40,766,709

Total operating expenses 366,709,926 Net Revenue (Note 10) 2,699,181 Invested Capital Non-Interest-Bearing:

Balance at beginning of year 226,897,674 Earnings payable to Government of Panama (Note 10) (2,699,181) Funds covered into the U.S. Treasury (643,918) Due U.S. Treasury for miscellaneous receipts (1,661,600)

Interest on investment 1 1,938,624 Balance at end of year $236.530,780 The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 31

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32 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 4.— Statement of Changes in Financial Position

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 1980

Source of Funds: From Operations: Revenue $369,409,107

Less operating expenses:

Interest on net direct investment 11 ,938,624 Payments to the Republic of Panama (Note 10) 74,952,599 Other expenses 279,818,703

Total operating expenses 366,709,926 Net revenue (Note 10) 2,699,181 Add transactions not requiring outlay of funds: Depreciation (Note 2d) 17,779,979 Amortization and adjustment of deferred items 45,207

Provision for Canal lock overhauls (Note 2h) 2,727,000

Provision for casualty losses (Note 2i) 10,67 1 ,433

Interest on net direct investment 1 1,938,624 Other 2,666,690 Total source of funds 48,528,1 14 Application of Funds:

Canal lock overhauls expenditures 4,724,648 Casualty losses 9,214,092 Accrued capital expenditures 17,805,823 Reduction in equity of the United States 44,370,747

Total application of funds 76,1 15,310

Increase (decrease) in working capital $(27,587,196)

Increase (decrease) Current Assets: Cash $(186,564) Receivables ( 1 ,3 19, 1 1 6) Inventories (901 ,330) Other (582,121)

(2,989,131) Current Liabilities: Accounts payable (18,901,467) Accrued liabilities (5,696,598) (24,598,065)

Increase (decrease) in working capital $(27,587,196)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 33

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

September 30, 1980

Source of Appropriations (Table 3): Appropriations for Salaries and Expenses, 1980 $427,262,000

Less Rescissions (104,000) Appropriations for Capital Expenditures, 1980 (No Year) 36,625,000

Total $463,783,000

Application of Appropriations (Table 3): Expenditures from Operating Appropriations $330,420,719

Expenditures from Capital Appropriations 16,438,878 Funds reserved at Year-end for Payment of Liabilities and

Undelivered Orders, Operations 76,894,964 Funds Reserved at Year-end for Payment of Liabilities and

Undelivered Orders, Capital 16,630,877 Unobligated balance of 1980 Operating Appropriation Lapsed 19,842,317 Unobligated Balance of 1980 Capital Appropriation

(No Year) Retained $3,555,245 Total $463,783,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
34 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 6.— Statement of Property, Plant and Equipment

September 30, 1980

Depreciation and valuation Cost allowances Titles and treaty rights $14,728,889 $2,669,612

Interest during construction 50,892,31

1

50,892,31

1

Canal excavation, fills and embankments 333,607,377 57,302,181 Canal structures and equipment 21 1,934,740 120,583,287 Supporting and general facilities 161,843,554 97,336,282 Minor items of plant and equipment 12,068,270 12,068,270

Facilities held for future use 4,056, 163 3,234, 143 Plant additions in progress 14,188,540 Suspended construction projects 40,145,798 40,145,798 Total $843,465,642 $384,231,884

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAI. COMMISSION 35 NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Treaty Impact.

On September 7, 1977 the United States of America and the Government

of Panama signed the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, hereafter referred to as

the Treaty, and a Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and

Operation of the Panama Canal. These Treaties were ratified by both

countries and entered into force on October 1, 1979. The Treaty terminated

the prior treaties pertaining to the Panama Canal. On September 27, 1979,

the United States Congress passed the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public

Law No. 96-70), hereafter referred to as the Act, to provide legislation necessary for the implementation of the Treaty and for the operation and

maintenance of the Panama Canal under the Treaty.

The Treaty provided for the Government of Panama to assume complete

sovereignty over the former Canal Zone, and to gradually assume control of

the operation and defense of the Panama Canal over the period 1979

through 1999. The Treaty also provided for the establishment of the Panama Canal Commission on October 1, 1979 to assume certain

operational responsibilities that previously were the responsibilities of the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government.

When the Treaty terminates on December 3 1

, 1999, all of the assets of the Panama Canal Commission will have been transferred to the Government

of Panama based upon the prescriptions of the Treaty and the Act. The

effects of these long range requirements are not considered in the financial statements.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

a. Cost recovery. The application of generally accepted accounting

principles to the Panama Canal Commission, a U.S. Government agency

comparable to a rate-regulated public utility, determines the manner in which costs are recognized. The basis for toll rates is prescribed in section

1602(b) of the Act. This section of the act, known as the "statutory tolls formula", provides that: "Tolls shall be prescribed at rates calculated to produce revenues to cover as nearly as practicable all costs of maintaining and operating

the Panama Canal, together with the facilities and appurtenances

related thereto, including unrecovered costs incurred on or after the

effective date of this Act, interest, depreciation, payments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to paragraph 5 of Article III and

paragraph 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of

1977, and capital for plant replacement, expansion, and improvements. Tolls shall not be prescribed at rates calculated to produce

revenues sufficient to cover payments to the Republic of Panama

pursuant to paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977."
36 FINANCIAL REPORT

Under this statutory tolls formula, any unrecovered costs are to be

recovered from future tolls revenues. Any amounts thus to be recovered

from subsequent earnings are transferred from "Equity in Panama Canal"

to an account within the "Other Assets" classification. To the extent subsequent annual revenues exceed subsequent costs incurred, unearned

costs equivalent to such net revenues realized are charged back to the "Equity in Panama Canal" account.

b. Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are recorded at original cost or, if acquired from another Government agency,

at the value determined by the Director of the Office of Management and

Budget. Administrative and other general expenses and the cost of funds

used during construction are not capitalized. The cost of minor items of

property, plant and equipment is charged to expense.

c. Capital Factor. A portion of tolls is designated for plant

replacement, expansion and improvements, the costs of which are in excess

of funds provided through depreciation reserves. The capital factor realized may only be used for capital expenditures. Plant replacement, expansion or improvements purchased with funds generated by the capital factor shall be

excluded from depreciation computation.

d. Depreciation. Depreciation is provided using a straight-line method

applied on a composite basis. This method provides straight-line

depreciation plus additional annual depreciation, identified as composite,

to provide for premature plant retirements.

e. Accounts receivable. Uncollectible accounts receivable of the Panama Canal Commission are recognized as a reduction in revenue when

written off. Any subsequent collections of Commission accounts receivable

previously written off will be recorded as revenue. The allowance for doubtful accounts which appears on the Commission books is applicable

only to the receivables of predecessor agencies.

f. Inventories. Operating materials and supplies are stated at average

cost, plus cost of transportation to the ultimate destination on the Isthmus

of Panama. An allowance to reflect the estimated cost of obsolete and excess

materials and supplies is established by a monthly charge to expense.

g. Retirement benefits. Employer payments to the contributory Civil Service Retirement System or to the Republic of Panama Social Security

System are charged to expense. The Commission has no liability for future payments to employees under these systems.

Non-United States citizen employees who retired from predecessor

agencies prior to October 5, 1958 are not covered by the Civil Service

Retirement System but do receive benefits under a separate annuity plan.

The amounts of the payments made under this annuity plan are recorded as a current-year expense. The liability of the Commission for future annuity

payments to these former employees or their eligible widows is reflected in the balance sheet as "Retirement Benefits to Certain Former Employees of
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 37

Predecessor Agencies" and an equal amount is recorded as a Deferred

Charge.

As required by the Panama Canal Act of 1979, the Panama Canal

Commission is liable for the increase in the unfunded liability of the Civil Service Retirement Fund which is attributable to benefits payable from that fund to, or on behalf of, employees and their survivors under the early

retirement provisions of the Act. The annual installment to liquidate the increased liability is determined by the Office of Personnel Management.

h. Reservefor lock overhauls. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of periodic lock overhauls.

i. Reserve for casualty losses. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of marine accidents, fire and

other casualty losses.

j. Housing use rights. No monetary value is assigned to the rights

granted to the United States by the Republic of Panama to use Canal Area

housing transferred to the Republic under terms of the Treaty. The cost to manage, maintain and provide livability improvements to these quarters

will be charged to expense. Rental income is included in other revenues.

3. Plant Valuation Allowances.

At July 1, 1951, certain valuation allowances for property, plant and

equipment being transferred from the Panama Canal (agency) to the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government were

established, to reduce to usable value the costs of the assets transferred. At

October 1, 1979 such valuation allowances as were applicable to the assets being transferred from the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone

Government to the Panama Canal Commission were absorbed. At

September 30, 1980, the following valuation allowances remain on the books of the Panama Canal Commission: (a) $5.9 million to reduce to usable value the cost of property, plant and equipment transferred; (b) $50.9

million to offset interest costs imputed for the original construction period;

and (c) $59.8 million to offset the cost of defense facilities and suspended

construction projects, the latter being principally the partial construction of

a third set of locks abandoned in the early part of World War II. Property, plant and equipment offset by valuation allowances, when fully or partially reactivated, are reinstated by a reduction in the valuation

allowance and by an increase to the interest-bearing net direct investment of

the United States in proportion to the value to the Commission of the

reactivated asset.

4. Depreciation as a Percentage of Average Cost of Plant. The provision for depreciation, expressed as a percentage of average cost of depreciable plant exclusive of valuation allowances, was 2.46% for fiscal year 1980.
38 FINANCIAL REPORT

5. Cash.

The cash balance of $120,132,055 is made up of $1 14,784,198 on deposit

in the U.S. Treasury, $4,177,010 on deposit in commercial banks, and

$1,170,847 on hand. Of the amount on deposit in the U.S. Treasury

$19,842,317 of unobligated operating funds will be withdrawn.

Included in the cash balances are trust funds of $1,360,268, and postal

funds of $ 1 86,784 which are offset in apropriate liability accounts. The trust fund primarily includes deposits made by customers for future tolls and

other service payments. The postal fund consists of outstanding money

orders, postal savings and interest accrued thereon.

6. Other Receivables.

Other receivables represent services provided in connection with ship

accidents for which the Commission is considered to be at least partially

responsible. The amounts are included in the computation of estimated

liabilities established for damages to vessels.

7. Interest-Bearing Net Direct Investment. The interest-bearing net direct investment assumed by the Panama Canal

Commission on October 1, 1979 was computed as follows:

Millions

of dollars From Panama Canal Company $319.3 Transfer to Government of Panama (74.7) Transfer to Department of Defense ( 1 .0) Transfer from Canal Zone Government 1 5.3 Panama Canal Company cash turned into the U.S. Treasury (71.3) S187.6

During fiscal year 1980, this investment was increased by disbursements

of $346.9 million, decreased by receipts of $384.2 million, and decreased by

net property transfers of $2. 1 million.

8. Accounts Payable— U.S. Government Agencies.

Included in the accounts payable due to U.S. Government agencies are

ship accident and other claims in the amount of $4.9 million that were

forwarded to the Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. after reaching

a settlement or receiving a judgement for approval for payment.

9. Claims for Damages to Vessels.

Liabilities arising from claims for damages to vessels are divided into fund

and non-fund categories. The fund category is made up of the following:

a. Accidents which occurred prior to October 1, 1979.

b. Accidents which occurred within the Canal locks.

c. Accidents which occurred outside the locks, for which the claim

is $120,000 or less per ship per accident.

Settlements of liabilities for ship accidents which occurred outside the locks where the claim exceeds $120,000 require specific Congressional

approval. For this reason, until approval is received, liabilities for these accidents are booked as non-fund.
PANAMA CANAI. COMMISSION 39

10. Payments to the Republic of Panama.

Based on Article III and Article XIII of the Treaty, the Republic of

Panama has received payment for public services, fixed annuity and thirty cents per net ton. In addition to these payments, revenue in the amount of

$2.7 million is payable to the Government of Panama in accordance with

paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII, which states that an annual amount of up to $10 million will be paid out of Canal operating revenues to the extent that such revenues exceed expenditures of the Panama Canal Commission. This

amount is subject to the limitations set forth in Chapter 3, Subchapter V,

Section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70).

11. Reserve for Casualty Losses. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1980 of $2.4 million

includes $1.5 million for marine accidents and $0.9 million for other. The

monthly accrual of reserve for marine accidents in fiscal year 1980 was $0.5

million per month for a total of $6.0 million. An additional total of $4.5

million accrual was booked in June, August, and September, when it became apparent that the monthly accrual would be inadequate for the account to sustain an appropriate balance.

12. Delayed Billing for Services.

Revenues do not include certain Canal Support Division billings for

transit-related services which were inadvertently not recognized during the

fiscal year, due to conditions arising out of the Treaty-related reduction-inforce process with its inherent disruption of a trained staff. The error in billing tug services, evaluated at the 95% reliability level from the sample

taken, resulted in an estimate of total underbilling of $553,941 for the eightmonth period covered in the sample. The precision of the estimate (the range

or limits within which the sample result is expected to be accurate) is plus or minus $166,329, or a lower precision limit of $387,612 and an upper

precision limit of $720,270 for the eight-month period. Assuming that the other four months of the fiscal year not in the sample followed the same

error pattern, the under-estimate of revenue would be between $58 1 ,4 1 8 and

$ 1 ,080,405. As of the balance sheet date the known revenue was immaterial.

Audit is being made and proper adjustments will be recorded as determined

in fiscal year 1981.

13. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments.

The estimated maximum liability, in addition to liabilities taken into the accounts, which could result from pending claims and lawsuits was $9.4

million at September 30, 1980. In the opinion of management and

Commission counsel, these pending claims and lawsuits will be resolved

with no material adverse effect on the financial condition of the agency. Commitments under uncompleted construction contracts and unfilled purchase orders amounted to $37.3 million at September 30, 1980. Of this amount, $1.1 million in unfilled purchase orders were prepaid. In addition,
40 FINANCIAL REPORT

the Panama Canal Commission is liable for an indeterminable amount with

respect to death and disability payments under the Federal Employees'

Compensation Act. Cash and negotiable securities of a kind acceptable by the United States Government in the amount of $7.0 million were on deposit in a United

States depository designated by the Panama Canal Commission at September 30, 1980 to guarantee payment by third parties of their obligations.

The Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), Chapter 2, Subchapter IV, Section 1244, places the liability with the Panama Canal

Commission for that portion of any estimated increase of retirement

benefits paid under the Civil Service Retirement System due to the early

retirement benefits granted in Chapter 2, Subchapter IV, of the Act. As of

September 30, 1980, the Commission's minimum liability through

December 31, 1999 amounted to approximately $317.1 million based on

information furnished by the Office of Personnel Management.

42 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 1- A. —General Price-Level

Property, Plant and Equipment:

At cost Less accumulated depreciation and valuation allowances.

Historical Dollars General Price- Level Dollars

(Dollars in thousands) $843,466 $2,502,085 384,232 1,186,977 459,234 1,315,108

Current Assets: Fund balances and cash: Operating fund: Obligated

Unobligated-To be returned to the U.S. Treasury

Capital fund

Postal fund

Trust fund Cash receipts on hand for deposit into U.S. Treasury

Accounts receivable—net Other receivables

Inventories: Materials and supplies —net

Other current assets

76,895 76,895

19,842 19,842 20,186 20,186

187 187

1,360 1,360

1,662 1,662 120,132 120,132

21,962 21,962

5,154 5,154 27,116 27,116

25,743

1,510

174,501

26,644

1,510

175,402

Other Assets:

Deferred charges: Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies Other

Total Assets

13,412 13,412

1,272 1,576 14,684 14,988

648,419 $1,505,498
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Balance Sheet— September 30, 1980 (Unaudited)

43

Liabilities Investment of the United States:

Invested capital: Interest-bearing

Non-interest-bearing

Current budgetary accounts: Obligated operating funds

Obligated capital funds. .

.

Unobligated capital funds

Current Liabilities: Accounts payable: U.S. Treasury-unobligated operating funds to be

returned U.S. Government agencies Government of Panama

Other

Accrued liabilities: Employees' leave

Salaries and wages

Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies

Employees' repatriation Claims for damages to vessels Earnings payable to Government of Panama

Other

Other current liabilities: Capital factor Other

Other Liabilities and Reserves:

Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies

Employees' repatriation Lock overhauls Unfunded liabilities for damages to vessels , Casualty losses

Total Liabilities

The accompanying notes summarize the methods employed in the preparation of this statement

Historical Dollars General Price1 ii. 7 linllar\ (Dollars iri thousands) '

$148,246

236,531 $862,122

373,240

384,777 1,235,362

76,895

16,631 3,555

76,895

16,631 3,555 97,081 97,081 481,858 1,332,443

19,842

13,973 7,005 6,469

19,842

13,973 7,005

6,469 47,289 47,289

32,815

4,339

32,815 4,339

1,613 2,535 30,272

2,699

2,114

1,613 2,535 30,272

2,699 2,114 76,387 76,387

6,909

1,369 6,909

1,369 8,278 8,278 131,954 131,954

11,799 8,188

5,029

7,213

2,378

11,799 8,188

10,688 7,466

2,960 34,607 41,101 $648,419 $1,505,498
44 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 2-A.— General Price-Level Income Statement for the Year Ended

September 30, 1980 (Unaudited)

Historical General Price- Dollars Level Dollars

Dollars in thousands Operating revenues $369,409 $382,339

Operating expenses: Cost of goods sold 616 638

Interest 1

1 -939 12,356* Operating expense 304,438 315,094

Administrative expense 31 ,937 33,055 Depreciation 17,780 48,673 366,710 409,816 Operating revenue or (loss) 2,699 {21 AH)

General price-level gain or (loss) 4.632 Net Revenue (Loss) $2,699 $(22,845)

The accompanying notes summarize the methods employed in the preparation of this statement.

•Reflects only the actual interest paid and no imputed costs of equity capital.

NOTES TO PRICE-LEVEL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Methods employed in the preparation of the general price-level financial statements:

a. Historical dollars are restated in terms of purchasing power at the end of fiscal year 1 980. The change in the value of money has been measured

by using the gross national product implicit price deflators provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

b. The restatement of revenues and expenses, except for depreciation,

reflects the change in purchasing power of the dollar during the current

fiscal year. The restatement of depreciation expenses for the year is based

upon the investment in property, plant and equipment revalued to reflect their ages. Property, plant and equipment and the investment of the United

States are restated from July 1, 1951, the date of reorganization of the

enterprise, although the major portion of the plant facilities, e.g., the Canal

itself and the locks, were placed in service in 1914.

c. The net change in valuation of assets and liabilities, normally an

increase during a period of inflation, is credited to the investment.

d. Generally accepted accounting principles have been followed except

to reflect the change in the purchasing power of the dollar.

2. Price-level-adjusted cost of property, plant and equipment does not purport to be replacement cost.
Chapter VI

STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics

45
46 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 6.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1971 Through 1980

Total traffic

Traffic assessed lolls on

Traffic assessed lolls displacement tonnage on nel lonnage basis basis

Fiscal year

1971

i Number

of

transits

I

14,020

Tolls COMMERC1A1

$97,380,036

98,764,959

111,032,088

119,422,568 141,898,218 134,204,402 35,272,300

163,826,571

194,773,111 208,376,741 291,838,590

5. GOVERNM

$3,144,376

2,651,281 2,285,727

1,831,535 1,376,797 727,983

166,779 805,983 889,093

1,054,169 1,515,326

Free Oc

Long tons i of

cargo

. Ocean Tr

118.626,906

109,233,725 126,104,029

147,906,914

140,101,459 117,212,266 30,888,300

122,978,785

142,518,288 154,110,866

167,214,935

ent Ocean

2,236,619

1,742,303

1,405,428 1,748,963 526,497

177,508 55,383 212,677

291,115 357,482

396,481

EAN TRAFFK

139,775 62,532

12,810

Sumber

of

transits

\FFIC'

13,977 13,714

13,796

13,984

13,565

12,123

3,031 11,868

12,647

1 2,902

13,476

Traffic

452

368

311 218

14868

13597080

73

Z

[ 2 7446

14

II217

3

84

8

3

IC

14,503

14,128

14,121 14,213

13,715

12.208 3,047

11,935

12,721 12,990 13,552

Panama

Canal nel tonnage

111,006,383

112,971,201 126,203,549

135,715,628 135,053,680

127,778,919 33,686,757

133,353,132 156,907,260

167,470,601 182,063,175

1

3,477,803 2,913,307

2,478,646

2,021,966

1,287,777 641,137

118,300 577,483

589,085

726,755

844,748

166,779 76,750 42,633

56.364 694

22,854

1,474 21,252

3,789 4,527

1,686

1 14,650,965 115,961,258

128,724,828

137,793,958

136,342,151 128,442,910

33,806,531 133,951,867

157,500,134

168,201,883 182,909,609

Number

of

transits

43

5245

49

44

34

6

28

30

33

31

5145

62

30

22

17

5 29

33

3128

20

13

10

12

5 21

15

12

3

114

110

117

91

7172

12 62

6466

. 62

i Displace- ment

tonnage

172,074 1972 13,766 214,681

1973 13,841 152,025 1974 14,033 200,376

1975 13,609 171,006 1976 *TQ

1977

12,157 3,037

11,896

131,258 23,205

108,642 1978 12,677 109,798 1979 1980

12,935 13,507 136,600

137,593

1971

U.! 503 297,859

1972 413 250,203

1973 373 303,033

1974 248 142,807 1975 1976

170

85

122,953 87,728 *TQ

1977

18 88 65,025

165,148 1978 103 214,145

1979 1980

Ill 101 207,640

217,055

1971 94 37,030

1972 59 23,275

1973 24 20,640

1974 23 27,244

1975 7 10,400 1976 38 5,635 41,655 *TQ

1977

4

13 1.800 380 10,380 1978 5 1,100 1979 106

14,617

14,238

14,238

1 2,194 1980 4,810

1971 1972

1973

Total Ocean Traff

$100,524,412 121,003,300

101,416,240 111,038,560

113,317,815 127,522,267 121,254,103 149,655,877

143.275,015 140,627,956

134,932,385 117.395,409 35,439,079 30.943,683

164.632,554 123,191,842

195,662,204 142,809,403 209,430,910 154,468,349 293,353,916 167,611,416

506,963 488,159

475,698

1974 .

.

14,304 370,427

1975 13,786 304,359

1976 . 12,280 260.641 *TQ

1977

3,059

11,997 90,030 284,170

1978 .

.

12,785 325,043

1979 . 13,056 346,434

1980 13,614 359,458
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 47

Table 6. —Panama Canal Traffic —Fiscal Years 1971 Through 1980 (Continued)

Fiscal year

1971 1972 1973 1974

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978

1979 1980

traffic assessed tolls on

Traffic assessed lolls iisplacement tonnage

Total traffic on net tonnage basis basis

1 Number Long tons Number

1

1

Panama Number

i Displace- of of of Canal net of ment

transits Tolls cargo transits tonnage lran\n\ tonnage Small Commercial Traffic

581 $38,514 7,278 573 45,552 8 2,699 111 68,414 38,243 764 81,998 13 2,374 722 59,518 39.466 722 73,903 826 62.376 23.496 823 77,722 3 611 804 52,684 7,939 798 54,174 6 1.120 745 49,314 6,866 737 50,28! 8 1.229 204 24,785 1,236 204 15,389 759 39,960 2,820 751 48,717 8 1.108 792 63,526 6.962 785 57.827 7 1.040 936 76,591 7,718 934 69.229 2 94

788 74,898 787 787 52,052 1 57

816 91 5,925 995 101 6.530 745 90 6,848 905 80 5,088

1,023 83 6,382

1,159 118 8,019 481 32 2,144 953 255 16,769

1,446 162 10.742 2,865 267 15,519

1,357 247 14,313

Small U.S. Government Traffic

1971 123 $3,611 8 32

1972 148 4,035 47

1973 118 4,065 28

1974 110 3,312 30

1975 110 4,729 I 27

1976 136 6,168 18 •TQ 36 1,613 23 4

1977 277 12,851 22

1978 187 9,504 8 25

1979 315 14,375 9 48

1980 276 15,129 29 Small Free Traffic > 1971 27 68 21 1.999 6 388

1972 35 17 397 18 1,856 1973 31 21 1,320 10 1,048 1974 29 18 663 11 917

1975 35 31 30 1.518 5 185 1976 40 50 31 1,484 9 701 *TQ 14 14 944

1977 54 10 50 2,840 4 466

1978 44 20 42 2,986 2 72

1979 55 3 47 2,160 8 632

1980 47 41 2,317 6 560 Total Panama Canal Traffic

1971 15,348 $100,566,537 121,010,654 15,129 114,699,332 219 515.975

1972 15,198 101,488,689 111,076,803 14,956 116.044,648 242 498 919

1973 15,109 113,381,398 127,561.733 14,892 128.800,796 217 483 594

1974 15,269 121,319,791 149.679.373 15.084 137.873,248 185 377 043

1975 14,735 143,332,428 140.635,927 14,570 136,398.866 165 312,046

1976 13,201 134,987,867 117.402,325 12,994 128,495.834 207 270 590 *TQ 3.313 35.465,477 30.944,942 3,269 33,823,345 44 92 174 1977 13,087 164,685,365 123.194,672 12,758 134,004,377 329 302 513

1978 13,808 195,735,234 142,816,393 13,573 157,562,393 235 336 897

1979 14,362 209,521,876 154,476.079 14.019 168,276,137 343 362 679

1980 14,725 293,443.943 167,612.203 14.409 182.965.335 316 374.388

'Ocean traffic includes ships of 300 net tons and over. Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc ). •Free traffic includes ships of the Colombian and Panamanian Governments and ships transiting for repairs

at the Commission operated yards. 'Includes vessels under 300 net tons. Panama Canal measurement (or under 500 displacement tons for vessels assessed on displacement tonnage).

•Effective 10-1-76 the fiscal year for all U.S Government agencies was changed from July I through June 30. to October I through September 30. For continuity purposes. July. August, and September 1976 were designated the Transition Quarter
48 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 49

Table 8.— Canal Traffic' by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1980

Measured tonnage

Flag Argentina

Austria

Australia Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Congo

Colombia

Costa Rica Cuba

Cyprus Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

Finland France Ghana

Greece Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Ireland

Israel

Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Malaysia Malta

Mauritania Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua

Nigeria Norway

Pakistan Panama

People's Republic of China . . Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Republic of China (Taiwan) . Romania Samoa

Senegal Singapore South Africa South Korea

Spain Sudan Sweden

Switzerland Thailand Tonga

Trucial States Turkey

United Kingdom

United States Uruguay USSR

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Zaire Total

Number Panama I Long

of Canal Registered tons of

transits net gross Tolls cargo

4 22.786 33.672 $38,053 56,049

1 22.776 26.844 38,036 16.243

17 410.049 496.615 684,782 274,928

15 39.610 44.185 62,877 37.852

100 1,649,339 1.949.981 2,689,585 2,176,508

17 224,830 262.487 336,370 178.922

10 85,110 109.160 142.134 59.464

19 167,069 195,230 273,635 137,323

12 83,449 103.033 133,129 59.354

II 25.500 33.610 38,041 8.769

8 28.612 36.445 47,782 41.952

185 1,533.400 1.780.744 2.512.102 1. 111.316

2 4.066

1.764,472 3.185

1.871,846 4,798

161 2.886.314 1.038.455

6 7,479 7.616 10,555 500

88 499,167 578,494 815,220 334.408 76 447,667 531,424 728,131 421.520 328 4,800.726 5,954.044 7.879.724 3.385.428

1 8.217 10,016 13,722 14.296

51 259,851 283.310 392,651 68,714 282 1.964,991 2,323,046 3.192,696 1.243.925 23 241,756 283,947 390,652 341,139

97 1,662.938 1,633,363 2,764,623 1,178,958

1 9,862 13,004 16,470 4,955

1.552 18,819,410 21.849,690 30,323,245 24,260,016

72 421.069 511,475 648,149 129.700

3 99,249 127,338 165.746 176,704 78 1,522.234 1.871,906 2,462,507 2,095.897

10 81,075 84,139 135,395 68,854

16 227,300 270,984 379,591 353.451 33 628,274 842,808 1.042,973 428,367

176 2,287,396 2,745,104 3,695.831 1.883.140

1,133 16,584,391 16,533,470 26.594,175 10,464,891

15 143,292 184,919 237,714 156.029

1.814 30.952.522 33,201.489 50,035,682 33,693,333

13 194.736 232.790 325,209 353,661

1 5.693 485

652,899

6,670 499

801.978

9.507 645

993,312

1 50 571,777

7 44,441 54,906 62,105 8,366 215 2,368.756 2,833,631 3.795.168 1,716,265

7 175,019 205.788 288,877 105,121

10 85.010 96,000 141,967 45.032

1 7,742 9.244 12,929 7,098 449 7,834,079 8.712.789 12,812.871 6,757,696 4 33.388 39,474 55,758 41.448

1,228 12.607,728 12,684,333 20.006.362 10,714.170 29 338,463 413,319 548.405 423,116

238 2,340,904 2,724,524 3,778.002 2,396,413

125 1.291,868 1,512,639 2,147,012 1.499.915

91 529,242 604.546 871,435 289,595

1 2.137 2,328 3,569 880

114 1.774,454 2.251.106 2,956,365 1,354,604 24 690,000 770,424 1,035,000 541.861

1 5,626 3,838 9.395 4.422

2 1,510 2,440.784

1,052 2,401,409

2,008 190 3.884.583 2.034,457

8 115.925 137,995 193.595 176,954

157 2,109,920 2,651,892 3,457,329 2,386.830

125 705,210 759,150 1,138.769 598.633

1 8,679 10,066 1 4,494 5.481 190 3,247.991 3.099,075 5,279,712 1.493.135

14 196,163 238,803 324.660 282,884

1 4,579 5.189 7.647 6.836

2 6.033 4,190 10,075 4.977

2 13.054 15.112 21,800 12.226

7 109.861 139.877 178,863 120,996 870 11,583.398 13,960.163 18,837,066 10.234.145

1.906 34,397.728 39,635,272 53,033.702 30.735.610

1 4,140

3,385.752 4,1723.780,446

5,506 544 5,482,703 1.989.533 35 99,822 90,734 160.088 45.594 319 3.891,692 4.582,446 6,439,521 3.229.183

105 1.011,950 1.194.040 1.672. 131 1,108.847

2 16,380 18,882 27.355 15.834

13.507 182.063.175 203,479.414 $291,838,590 167,214.955

'Includes only commercial vessels of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.).
50 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 8. —Canal Traffic 1 by Flag of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1980— Continued

NOTE—In Canal traffic statistics, foreign naval vessels such as transports, supply ships, tankers, etc , with a measure- ment of 300 net tons (Panama Canal measurement) and over, and vessels of war, dredges, etc.. with a displacement of 500

tons and over, are classified as oceangoing commercial vessels. Statistics on these vessels, except as relates to displace- ment tonnage, have been included in the table above. As displacement tonnage cannot be combined with net tonnage,

the following table shows statistics covering 31 vessels which transited the Canal during fiscal year 1980 and paid tolls on

displacement tonnage.

Flag Type

Belgium Dredge

Ecuador Naval . France do

Italy do

Japan do Mexico Dredge

Netherlands do

Peru Naval . Spain do Sweden do

United Kingdom Dredge

United Kingdom Naval . West Germany Dredge

Total

Number Displace- of ment

transits tonnage Tolls

1 3,740 $3,478

3 5,510 5,124

5 28,272 26,293

2 7,246 6,739 4 12,817 11,920

1 2,627 2,442

3 20,219 18,804 4 6,858 6.378

2 2,910 2,706

2 8,330 7,747

1 15,500 14,415

1 4.275 3,976

2 19,290 17,940 137.594 $127,962

52 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 53

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 55

Table 10. —Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel

Fiscal Year 1980

Ballon

Flag

Number Panama

of Canal nei

transits tonnage

Number Panama

of Canal net

transits tonnage

Argentina 4 Austria I Australia 17 Bahamas 9 Belgium 84 Bermuda

Bolivia 10

Brazil 18 Bulgaria 9 Canada 4 Cayman Islands 8 Chile 168 Congo

Colombia 147 Costa Rica 2 Cuba 73 Cyprus 60 Denmark 286 Dominican Republic I East Germany 28 Ecuador 25

1

Finland 16 France 86 Ghana 1 Greece 1.277 Honduras 47 Hong Kong 3 India 69

Indonesia 10 Ireland 16

Israel 32

Italy 146 Japan 945 Kuwait 14 Liberia 1.534 Malaysia 13 Malta I Mauritania Mexico 30 Morocco 3 Netherlands 160 New Zealand 6 Nicaragua 10 Nigeria I N orway 39

1

Pakistan 4 Panama 955 Peopled Republic of China 25 Peru 209

Philippines 120 Poland 83

Portugal I Republic of China (Taiwan) 112 Romania 12 Samoa I Senegal Singapore 157 South Africa 8 South Korea 143 Spain 99 Sudan I Sweden 159 Switzerland 12 Thailand I Tonga 2 Trucial States 2 Turkey 5 United Kingdom 729

United States 1.318 U ruguav USSR 459

Venezuela 2.4 West Germany 295

Yugoslavia 96

Zaire 2 Total 11.032

22.786 $38,053

38.036 684.782

50.077 6

22.776 410.049

29,986 9.624 $12,800

1 .448,487 2.418.973 15 200.852 267.134

109,840 183.433 10 114,990 152.937 85.110 142.134

151.275 252.629 1 15,794 21.006

65,122 108.754 3 18,327 24,375

12,136 20.267 7 13.364 17,774 28,612 47.782

1,400,376 2.335.180 17 133.024 176,922

2 4.066

177,511 4.798

1,586,961 2.650.225 14 236.089

1.787 2.984 4 5.692 7.571 448.561 747.914 15 50,606 67.306

390,394 651,958 16 57,273 76.173

4,396,347 1.341,899 42 404.379 537.825

8,217 13.722 144.566 239,322 23 115,285 153.329

1.688.627 2.820.007 28 276,364 367,565

203,283 339,483 7 38,473 51.169

1.563.561 2,606.159 6 99,377 132,171 9.862 16,470 15.688,025 26,164,413 275 3.131.385 4,158.832 272.312 450,302 25 148.757 197.847 99,249 165,746

1,310,328 2,180,672 9 211.906 281.835

81,075 135,395

379,591

1,018,545 1 227,300609,907 18.367 24.428

1,934,702 3,220.009 28 352,694 469.083

13,422,923 22,377,503 184 3.161.468 4.204.752

138,634 231.519 1 4.658 6,195

26,249.281 43.780,372 280 4.703.241 6,255.310

194,736 325,209

9,507

1 5.693 485 645

382.553 638,864 19 270.346 352.006

14,102 23.550 4 30.339 38.555

1.843.123 3,077.272 52 525.633 699.092

165.006 275.560 1 10.013 13,317 85.010 141,967

12,929 11,768.836 587,742 7.049.090 784.989 1.044.035 33,388 55.758

9,561.282 5,959,476 273 3,046,446 4,046.886 288.968 482,577 4 49.495 65.828

1.963,576 3,273,827 25 377.328 497.797

1,261,258 2,106,301 5 30.610 40.711 492.775 822,934 8 36.467 48.501 2,137 3.569

1.753,946 2,929,090 2 20.508 27.275 345,000 576,150 12 345.000 458.850

5,626 9.395

2 1.510 2.008

1.877,471 3.135.377 33 563.313 749.206

115.925 193.595

1.928.377 3.215.877 14 181.543 241.452

584.669 976.397 24 120.541 159.666

8,679 14.494 2.829.019 4,718.064 29 418.972 553.901

187.538 313.188 2 8.625 11.472 4.579 7.647

10.075 21.800

160.851 2

6.033

13.054 96.318 13.543 18.012 10,061.626 16.802.915 139 1.521.772 2.015.760 21.461.469 35.828.478 588

I 12.936.259 17.205.224

2,892.053 4.826.084 85 493.699 656.619

80.366 134.211 11 19.456 25.877

3.676.912 6.135.924 22 214.780 285.657

959.523 1 .602.403 9 52.427 69.728

16.380 27,355

146.517.459 $244,471,816 2.444 35.545.716 $47,238,812 Above table involves only commercial vessels of 300 net tons or over. Panama Canal measurement
56 STATISTICAL TABLES

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58 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 59

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70 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAI COMMISSION 71

-T ^ r r • — tr% t — 3* fl C — f-. w-, • « - N X X ri

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West Coast North America

United Slates: Alaska Hawaii Mainland

Total United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America

Costa Rica

El Salvador Guatemala Honduras

Mexico

Nicaragua Panama

Central America (other) 1 Balboa. R.P ! Total Central America West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru South America (other) 1 Total South America Oceania

Australia

British Oceania . French Oceania . New Zealand . .

Oceania (other) 1 Total Oceania Asia

China (Mainland) China (Taiwan) .

Hong Kong

Japan

Malaysia

Philippine Islands

Siingapore . South Korea

Asia (other) 1. Total Asia

Table 14.— Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama Canal From Pacific to Atlantic During

Fiscal Year 1980 Segregated by Countries in Principal Trade Areas —Continued

To Europe

Den- East Belgium mark Germany

11.887

397.035

27.751 89.184 408.922 116.935

580.454 202.861

178 2.400

2

4.619 45.986

729

3.18020

261

6.770 50,649

221.765

24.569

36.232

166,047

11.335 459,948

547

544

29,935

12,662

5.803 49.491

15,041 144

4 4,22946

19.464

Grand total 1 .5 16.352 39 1 ,909 Percent of Atlantic-Bound Cargo

47.169

650

2.190

5.638

1.134 7.094

3.012 109.986

726

213

10.126

Netherlands

13,260

182,939 449,254 1,404.318 449.254 1.417.57810,554

10,554

16.745

16.745

Spain/

Portugal

376.072

376.072

97.046

97,046

United Kingdom

780 V.S.S.R.

24.616

189,354 126,021 190,134 150,637

Yugoslavia

27,869

27.869

West Germany

220.737

Europe

(other)' 8.729 23,500

1.300.053

Total 59.272

51.251 4,919.204 220.737 1.332,282 '5,029,727

503.850 1.098.017 630.087 298.062 51,718 185,806 56.336 1.120.958 891.055 3.220 625.173 1 .92 1. 00 1 8,168.601

59.823 8.260

13.623

4.671 7.914

2.777 25.087 32,600

282

10.023

750

83.412

3,538

1,097 694

1,060 100.856

89.888 152.739 273.388

1.002 34.075

24,777 37.696 17.017 41.838 127.864 97,525

16.071 40.497 29.457

173.576 358.796 451.462

11.800 27.816

1.326 19,316 25.9968.89234

123

1.742 3,556

7,057

2,324

2,418

9,104 87.206

10,225

1 26.888

1,157

86,254 4.166

7.354

14.908 19.709 35.219 998

79.948 1.005,485 2,089,580 2,721,456 451.832

20,353 18,902

115 4,529

8.371 44.540

126 7.189 9,730

157,238 24,099

12,336 61.411 25,204

9

8.274

28,918 2,860 732

7.902

1.823

1.366 25.600

55

1,275 13.689

18.341

13.753 73.984

3,597

1,985 42,767

22.962 4.830

5,839

19,483 54,284

20.968 6,190 85,159

78,575

35,583

2,936

100

126.761 154

13,373 132.196

1 5.464

201 26.822 79 32.089 46.778

40.768 451.012

339.927 6,587

471,161

103.651 46.693 303.523

23.824

175.318 48,206

217,304

95,332

56,817

2,730

2.060

1,060

1.067 4,813

8.952

3.579 8.444

12.023

55.329

145,610

131,529 79.074 411.542

3,337

47.668

29.323

12.315

: 79,897

20.653

115.603 122.562

1,465 423

4,973

14.011

108.708 232.070

38,190 22,022 280,575

133.319 93.625

72.974

1.169 2,696 57,630 17,495 169,717 303.278 982.652

1.778,495 238,839 541,304

2.404,203 577,927 806,252 280,288 42,235 287,948 413,064 531,199 948,852 592,977 5.540,768

232,581 208.305

173.522 321.838 372.902

219.203 363,687 1,309.148

4.993

5.259 120.436

37.497

15,892 16.974 3,337 38 29,471 21.705 169.018

948,274 215.914 2.030.252 1,537.839 579.821 2.213.153 4,534.930 21.199.914

I.I 0.3 2.5 1.9 0.7 2 7 5.5 25.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Faces p. 72


74 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 75

(NQOO^W - *Q <* sri n # w * <n ac * o« -

i*C ^' o^' 0>" >e —' — © «N © vi «^ « — ^ — ^ ©

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pine

sore Kor •the <

c c c •«; m; i 2Z o g-"2 e g-a <UOi-?2a.t/:t/;< 2
East Coast Canada to: West Coast United States 51 West Coast Canada 1 West Coast Central America 47 West Coast South America 186 Balboa, R.P 3 Oceania 224

Australia 1 36 New Zealand 18 Other 70

Asia 1,486 China 243 Taiwan 1 28 Hong Kong 56 Japan 894

Malaysia 1 Philippine Islands 1 South Korea 29 Thailand U.S.S.R

Other [24 Total 1,998

76 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 15.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to

West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America , Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador ....".' Peru Other Hawaii

Oceania

Australia 1,728 1,278 735 New Zealand 277 262 139 Other 497 404 401 Asia 50,083 46,522 37,175 China 6,266 4,702 1,056 Taiwan 3,642 Hong Kong 391

India Indonesia 508 Japan 32,141 Malaysia 34 Pakistan

Philippine Islands 571 Singapore 385 South Korea 4,248 Thailand 253 U.S.S.R 310 Other 1,334 Total 64,643 58,342 47,919

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978'

2,604 2,849 2,847 904 835 769

3,325 2,254 2,347 271 501 186 4,873 3,354 3,298

1,786 1,146 1,300 508 474 372

845 748 700

1,592 877 856

142 109 70

81 84 22

2,502 1,944 1,275

3,582 2,853 385 361

2 18 238 429

29,127 26,135

11 31

10 355 373

351 220

5,459 3,833 434 376

673 851

1,193 639

289 234

23

34 29

126 108 2 209 224

123 128

21 36 65 60

1,785 1,423 424 150 55 9 34 27 996 984

5 5 HI 138 94 7 147 103 2,445 2,041 East Coast Central America to

West Coast United States 19 86 48
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 77

Table 15.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to—Continued West Coast Central America

West Coast South America

Balboa, R.P

Oceania

Australia New Zealand Other

Asia China

Japan \ Other

Total

East Coast South America to: West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other

Balboa, R.P

Hawaii

Oceania

Australia French Oceania

Other

Asia China

Taiwan

Japan

Other

Total Cristobal, R.P., to: Asia Other territories Total West Indies to: West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America

Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other Hawaii

Oceania

Australia

1980 1,25170

211

10

1 16330

11221

1,724

6,490

1979 1,17639

198

5

3

1

1 17745

127

5

1,681

1978758

106 203

4

1 "3

100 "73

27

1,219

968 804 619

46 4 16 1,854 2,306 2,536

1,506 1,620 2,250

1,162 1,121 1,275 223 356 422

21 44 170

23 35 341 77 64 42

117 50 147 106 30 81

10 46

28

1 4

1 5 1 5 13 1,883 842 544

34 24 6

18 18 13 1,750 787 519

81 13 6 5,702 6,194

1,024 1,024 1,252 4 39 113 396 682 645

250 295 232

751 529 607

108 182 77

161 116 96

378 154 346

25 5 28

79 72 60 433 238 323

192 366 263

2* 81 12
78 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 15.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to—Continued Oceania— Continued

French Oceania New Zealand Other

Asia China Hong Kong

Indonesia Japan

Malaysia North Korea North Vietnam

Philippine Islands Singapore South Korea

U.S.S.R

Other

Total Europe to. West Coast United States. .

.

West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America

Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America . Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other Hawaii Oceania

Australia

British Oceania

French Oceania New Zealand Other

Asia China Taiwan

Hong Kong

Japan

Philippine Islands South Korea

Other

Other territories Total

Africa to: West Coast United States. .

.

West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America West Coast South America . Asia

Total

Fiscal year

1980 1979 1978

62 64 74

72 121 101 30 100 76

1,047 1,571 1,172 423 510 461

1 2 4

13 27 25 403 700

12 362

21 11 5 51 82 69

5 6

13 25 20

1 5 2 90 136 129 26 55 95

4,097

5,319

4,744 4,607

2,155 2,128 2,348 395 428 426

433 736 668

1,211 1,101 1,167 315 379 319

77 53 77

186 216 271 330 252 373

303 201 127

2 2 6

751 844 807 94 83 120

14 12 11 253 322 284

151 198 148 239 229 244

371 346 325

9 3 28 37 44

22 16 18 193 158 155

6 8 11 9 24 17 104 100 80

1 5,585 5,748

:68 225 236

56 47 33 32 65 7 4 31 37 42 71 28 402 439 341
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 79

Table 15. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes—Atlantic to Pacific —Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

1980 1979 1978 Asia (Middle East) to

West Coast United States 19 13 27 West Coast South America 40 14 Asia 2 5 Other territories 7 1^ l_ Total 68 28 33

Total Cargo— Atlantic to Pacific 84,742 78,968 68,104
80 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 16.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to: East Coast United States East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America

Cristobal, R.P

East Coast South America

Argentina

Brazil Colombia

Venezuela Other West Indies Puerto Rico Other Europe

Belgium

Denmark

East Germany

France

Greece

Italy Netherlands Norway

Poland

Spain-Portugal

Sweden

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R West Germany

Other

Asia (Middle East)

Israel Lebanon

Syria Other

AfricaAlgeria

Egypt Morocco

Nigeria

Senegal South Africa Tunisia Other

Total 30,713

West Coast Canada to: East Coast United States 1 ,009 East Coast Canada 466

East Coast Central America

East Coast South America 1,225 Argentina 3 Brazil 1,121 Colombia 1 Venezuela 54 Other 46 West Indies 89

Fiscal year

1980 1979 1978

21,316 14,370 17,672 4 3 24 22 3

5 49 213 480 486 311 9 27 3 274 293 173

16 14 27

157 134 96

24 18 12 3,401 4,020 1,487 2,651 2,836 1,128 750 1,184 359

4,978 4,594 4,386 409 393 267

89 161 66

32 3 183 347 345

77 18 14 449 387 407

1,418 1,386 1,375

1 11 18

11 16 20 376 248 200

97 76 129 190 188 258

151 26 13 221 135 432

1,274 1,202 839

34 30 37

27 3 15

19 2

7 8 19 471 89 352 47 25 170

193 23 54

3 40

31 152 30 26 44 16 35 11 12 23,660 24,464

1,398 1.557 204 154

2 21 526 177

5 4 410 89

49 2 53 78

9 4

148 145
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 81

4 967

9,963

Fiscal year

' 1980 1979 1978 '

44 76 55

25 44 72

3 3 2

17 25 16 8,169 6,715 6,204 580 624 736

203 268 431 504 402 358 202 85 47

29 56 8

1,098 808 713

630 489 314

298 106 437

52 33 204

186 258 132 56 53 54

1,121 1,012 946

891 156 74

625 679 468

3 1 3 1,691 1,685 1,279 30 4 6

Table 16.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to—Continued West Indies—Continued Cuba

Puerto Rico

Trinidad/ Tobago

Other Europe

Belgium

Denmark

France

Greece

Irish Republic

Italy Netherlands Poland Rumania

Spain-Portugal

Sweden

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R West Germany

Yugoslavia Other

Asia (Middle East)

Israel 30 Lebanon

Other

Africa 1,250 Algeria 257 Egypt 62 Morocco 311 Mozambique 1 South Africa 243

Tunisia 338 Other 38 Total 12,238

West Coast Central America to: East Coast United States 993

East Coast Canada 26

East Coast Central America 44

Cristobal, R.P 1 East Coast South America 41 West Indies 139 Europe 981 Belgium 7 Denmark 51 Finland France 16

Italy 155 Netherlands 100 Poland 11 Spain-Portugal 75 Sweden 8 United Kingdom 3 U.S.S.R 58 Yugoslavia 17 West Germany 1 70 Other 310

Asia (Middle East) 15

15 821 309 253

2 3 185 145

18 93 216 187

211 130 26 10 9,085

1,461 1,145

10

1 11

1 62 119

103 166

1,204 1,043 6 15 128 93

7

10 15 162 144 119 116

2 10

81 78 23 25

3 1 52 3 27 49

177 196 414 291 27 67
82 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 16. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to—Continued ' 1980 Africa 53

Algeria 25 Libya 7 Morocco

Other 21

Total 2,293

West Coast South America to: East Coast United States 6,986

East Coast Canada 21 East Coast Central America 523

Cristobal, R.P 2 East Coast South America 1,631 Brazil 73 Colombia 1,106 Venezuela 386 Other 66 West Indies 3,291 Cuba 76 Netherlands West Indies 2,513 Puerto Rico 1 76 Trinidad / Tobago 41 Other 485 Europe 5,541 Belgium 460

Bulgaria 10 Denmark 19 East Germany 48 Finland 18 France 1 74 Greece 38

Irish Republic 24

Italy 359 Netherlands 451 Poland 127 Rumania 806

Spain-Portugal 280 U.S.S.R 413 Sweden 42

United Kingdom 288 West Germany 949

Yugoslavia 531 Other 504

Asia (Middle East) 166

Iran 60 Lebanon 12 Saudi Arabia 14 Other 80

Africa 115 Total 18,276

Balboa. R.P. TO: West Indies 47 Other territories l_ Total 48

197944 34

13 7

2 8

3 29 16 2,913 2,585

8,281 7,871 34 71 1,624 1,618

13 3 1,876 1,881 48 13 1,483 1,599 274 257

71 12 2,556 1,358 118 58

1,935 347

149 390

83 39

271 524

4,512 3,668 357 331 24 42

19 22

81 101 41 41 167 156

9 8 27 44

375 425

519 450

186 163

110 154 278 189

185 80

23 31 306 229

1,025 772

221 147 559 283

154 157 34 43

15 12 41 56

64 46

197 53

19^247 16,680

18 22

7 11 25 33
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 83

Table 16.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thouundi of long tons]

Hawaii to: East Coast United States . .

.

West Indies Other territories Total Oceania to: East Coast United States . .

.

East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America.

Cristobal. R.P

East Coast South America .

.

West Indies Cuba

Jamaica

Puerto Rico

Trinidad/ Tobago

Other Europe

Belgium

France

Italy Netherlands Norway

Poland

Spain-Portugal

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R West Germany

Other

Africa

Fiscal year 1980 1979 1978 '

126 10120

117

51 75 20

177 196 137

2,407 2,755 3,322 402 482 651 78 71 51

8 9 5 23 63 100

127 73 191 2 46

4 11 24

38 17 72

16 19 26

69 24 23

1,309 1,422 1,612 49 58 65

114 126 82

9 16 8 86 148 177 40 32 4

4 8 10

16 33 52 412 519 615

22 17 14 219 265 324

338 200

1 261

Total 4,354 4,876 5,932

Asia to: East Coast United States 11 ,263 East Coast Canada 306

East Coast Central America 208

Cristobal, R.P 151 East Coast South America 1,256 Argentina 29

Brazil 101 Colombia 288 Guayana 3 Surinam 10 Venezuela 700 Other 1 25 West Indies 986 Cuba 406

Haiti-Dominican Republic 125 Jamaica 52 Netherlands West Indies 30 Puerto Rico 145 Trinidad/ Tobago 1 36 Other 92 Europe 169 Belgium 11 France 15 Greece 8

Irish Republic

11,298 11,751 338 437

240 362

150 132

1,191 1,443 20 26 93 135

171 157 4 11 21 24

782 1,053 100 37 850 836

356 379

100 HI

48 49

24 41 154 119

106 97

62 40

176 518

59 264

6 14

1 1110
84 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 16.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to—Continued Europe—Continued

Italy Netherlands Norway

Poland

Spain-Portugal

Sweden * Turkey 2 United Kingdom 17 28 50 West Germany 29 3 3 Other 16 39 19 Asia (Middle East) Li 10 10

Israel 10 10 10 Other 1 Africa 24 10 9 Total 14,374 14,263 15,498

Total Cargo—Pacific to Atlantic 82,473 75,144 74,414

Fiscal year

' 1980 1979 1978

'

20 17 14 35

1 52 90

1

1 4 2

16 8 38
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 85

Table 17. -Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to West Coast

Canada:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to West Coast

Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal

GrainsCorn Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

' I9S0 1979 1978

'

1 520

1 558

1 574

208 229 198 159 181 148 153 148 228

1 3 2

2 7 41

2

7 1823 252 156 180 22 35 27 48 26 19 182 95 134

133 340 158 133 340 158

1,414 1,516 1,660 190 174 29 66 49

175 92 40

143 389 1,056 312 417

25

118

534 353 368 60

281 268 231 281 268 231 2,604 2,849 2,847

13 9 17

13 9

21

21

17

851 804 752

851 804 752

41 1 41 1 905 835 769

17 10

1 21 557 377 337

2,230 1,285 1,387

1,191 194 652 414 323 116 384 356 349 217 391 251 24 21 19

1 4 6

1 2 12

10 24 49
86 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

Central America—Continued

Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Petroleum and products Gasoline

Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Paper and paper products Tallow

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to West Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

GrainsCorn

Oats Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

76

179

17 507

2,436 667

13 49

49

1,59068

13

39

7942

17

14 16924

11 20

6846 J±

31

Fiscal year

19

57

118

17 144

1,602 183

10 6946

1,25143

12

36

80

32

17

14 11424

15

18 49

8 40

1978

13

11 19 13 399 382 373 44 16 28 267 203 219

45 146 86

43

1

17 21 40

1 21 28 59 21 28 59 21

18 11 16 2 1 2

16 10 14 52 60 111

3 2 2

31

1 312 50

17 25 59

3,325 2,254 2,347

24 15 7 272 192 10624

62

20

147

1,931 1694

6

61 1,689

2

18

10 6 16

3 6 2

191 179 18043

8137

136

75

107

13 31

14 22

25 15
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 87

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thouunds of long toni]

East Coast United States to West Coast

South AMERiCA-Continued

Minerals, miscellaneous —Continued

Sulfur Other and unclassified , Nitrates, phosphates, and potash , Ammonium compounds , Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash

Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsScrap

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Balboa, R.P.: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous GrainsCorn Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1980"3

366

45

104

18235

33

12

3 308

37

108 159

436

34 218

955

137

17 22

9 11 5 24 25 17

8 10 6

5 2 3

11 13 8 76 5 5 72

4 5 5 47 83 60

43 40 41 4 43 19 705 624 507

8 10 9

1 2

15 13 10

15 57 36

16 8 2

114 99 122 120 92 100 54 42 27

19 14 8 39 34 18

16 15 7 287 240 166 4,873 3,354 3,298

6 4 2 82 83 45

29 22 44 57 43

9 4 2 6 5 2 65 281 42

61 242 29

4 39 13 112 128 95

10 19 5 102 109 90

271 501 186

26 4242

26
88 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to HawaiiContinued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Oceania:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Rice Soybeans

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements .

.

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment .

.

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Glass and glassware

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit

Fiscal year

1980 1979 1978 55 42 22

55 42 22

81 84 22

671 579 396 453 439 253

181 109 120 37 31 23

20 11 2 29

1

126

21

1 25 6 20

36 11 10

5

1 92

10

26 20 20

11 3 3 4 2 4

5 7 8

3 2 6 5 3 7 4 5 58 85 9

8 58 85

654 262 97

24 20 7 72 59 25 552 162 22

6 21 43

3 5 7 185 148 87

36 26 36 92 52 45

57 70 6 843 807 621 4 1 4 36 2 1 15 36 23

5 3 4 27 27 27

17 22 38

16 19 12 6 8 6

717 688 505

2,502 1,944 1,275

192 214 145 4 5 3 188 209 142 102 129 69
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 89

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific — Continued

[ Thousands of long tons)

East Coast United States to Asia—

( Continued i9so Canned and refrigerated foods—Continued Meat 2 Other and unclassified 84 Chemicals and petroleum chemicals 1,683 Caustic soda 1 60

Chemicals, unclassified 1,102 Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous 421 Coal and coke 13,490 Grains 22,460

Barley 25 Corn 10,395 Oats

Rice 162 Sorghum 2,586 Soybeans 6,294 Wheat 2,905 Other and unclassified 93 Lumber and products 319 Pulpwood 1 63 Other and unclassified 1 56 Machinery and equipment 105 Agricultural machinery and implements 5 Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts 14 Construction machinery and equipment 42

Electrical machinery and apparatus 13 Other and unclassified 31 Manufactures of iron and steel 275

Angles, shapes, and sections 20

Plates, sheets, and coils 88 Tubes, pipes, and fittings 83

Wires, bars, and rods 52 Other and unclassified 32

Minerals, miscellaneous 7

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 4,485 Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified 466

Fishmeal 4 Phosphates 4,003 Potash 12 Ores and metals 2,453 Ores 43 Alumina/ bauxite 14 Other and unclassified 29 Metals 2,410 Aluminum 57

Iron 2 Scrap 2,275

Tin, including tinplate 26 Other and unclassified 50 Other agricultural commodities 505

Beans, edible Cotton, raw 494 Other and unclassified 11 Petroleum and products 394

Gasoline 11

Fiscal year

133 54

6 3 100 91

1979 1978

1 1 79 72

1,594 902

128 18

1 ,088 549

378 335

10,254 7,905 22,464 19,06727

12,433 9,623 6 22 99 159

1,657 2,054

5,613 5,192 2,627 1,902 29 88

139 _5754

3 _£L

7 30 29

38 35

7 6

14 14 261 123

17 3 91 75

117 11 3 1 33 33

1 4,435 3,921 20 449 499

3,960

* 3,391 6 31 3,077 2,164 65 108

1 13 64 95

3,012 2,056

7 1 17 8 2,906 1,952 47 48

35 47

330 322

15 50 294 258

21 14 513 3JH

1 2
90 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to Asia—

Continued

Petroleum and products—Continued

Liquefied natural gas Lubricating oil Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous . .

.

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products . Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified .

.

Total East Coast Canada to West Coast United States: Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals

Metal, iron Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Miscellaneous Cement

Paper and paper products

Slag

All other and unclassified

.

Total East Coast Canada to West Coast Central America:

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to West Coast South America:

Grains

Barley Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur Ores and metals Metals

Tin, including tinplate

.

Other and unclassified

_47

11 J6

47

730

_44

1529 _3

_3

12

18 _1634

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978

73 172 20

172 170 141 69 138 129 69 32 9

3,715 3,140 2,177

3 5 2 24 4 1 337 301 191

19 12 37 9 7

131 104 146 240 74 51 87 83 40

10 11 1 34 5 35

156 48 34

53 82 77

2,612 2,404 1,562 50,083 46,522 37,175

225 5 28

5 5 25 235656

24 284 15035

13 36 75 225 35

11 23 5

51 289 234

21

22 _7

29

_n

92

4

10 J2

12
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 91

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific — Continued

[Thousands of long tons] East Coast Canada to West Coast South AmericaContinued

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Canada to Oceania:

Petroleum and products

Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Canada to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods

Fish Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Grains

Barley Corn

Soybeans

Wheat

Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron Scrap Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

Slag

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast United

States: Petroleum and products Gasoline

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1980 1979

i 1978 97 75 68 42 47 48

55 28 20

186 126 108

55

22

33 209

48

170

61 34

163 161 136 224 209 225

87 74 51 87 74 51 72 53 33

15 21 18

13 3 6 237 519 32245

43 12 2 124 180 190 70 324 85

98 84 38 98 84 38 4 7 10 85

1 62

1 55

1

1 304

1 410

1 394

137 248 162

167 162 232

55 14 124 75 64 40

37 84 68

8

8 657 625 538

18 86 29

18 17 39 508 522 470

1,486 1,785 1,423

43

19 86

43

5 19

19 86

86

5 48
92 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Coal and coke

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Phosphates

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel, oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Oceania:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Asia:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1978

107 23

23 37

37 94 55 49

87 32 49

7 20

3 1,140 1,097 563

63 41

10 117 16 1,039 930 495

28 50 38

17 3 2

17 3 2

1,251 1,178 758

2

1

1 16 4 29

17

16 4 12 52 35 77

2 41 52 33 36

70 39 106

211 199 203

50 82 62

155 113 134 4 7 6 211 199 203

10 5 4

10 5 4

10 5 4

33 31 22

31 22

33

103 69 58

6 6 3 6 6 3 21 71 17

21 71 17 163 177 100
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 93

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to West Coast United

STATES: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite

Iron Manganese

Metal, iron Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Sugar

Peas, dried Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to West Coast Canada:

Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual

Jet fuel Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Coal

GrainsSorghum

Soybeans

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified , Total

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979

5

1978 '

1 30 4 4 96 62 153 96 56

15

117 64 32

10 53 32 31 32

6 36 44 6

15

79

3 4

75

41 724 680 345 642 419 153 34

23 13477 14349

25 50

74 47 37 74 47 37 968 804 619

29 11

11 29

17 4 5 17 4 5 46 4 16

59 63 21 2 7860

20

18 20

232 62

11 21 1,744 2,096 2,447

1,729 1,840 1,901 6 76 249 409

5

15 1 56

17 7 48

22

17 7 26

1,854 2,306 2,536
94 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Grains

Rice

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilisers, unclassified Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Liquefied natural gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Oceania:

Petroleum and products Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1980 1979 1978 3 4 4

I

7

1 7

8 26 26

5 16 17 2 1 3 8 8 6 9

3

3 9

19 14 15 8 7 3

11 7 12

1414 1,439 1,536 2,040

1,045 1,113 1,387 88 66 135 157 171 129

10 120 177 6 2 9 72 60 59

61 4 144 30 24 151

3 6 131 27 18 20

1,506 1,620 2,250

117 50 146 43 3 49

8 47 28 66 69

1

117 50 147

106 30 78

106 27

3 78

3

3 106

1

30

45

28

81

1

1 17 1 9 1 9 1 10 46 1
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 95

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Manganese

Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Cotton, raw

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Liquefied natural gas Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous AU other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast Canada:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Total West Indies to West Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil

1322

34

1 317

194

15 172

7 12343

2130

1334 289

215

39

173

3 74

18

1326

1

13 126

_89382724

37

34

12 6 12 24 18 7 12 4

1,427 423 316

1,326 401 288

2180 22 28

27 14 16 27 14 16

1,883 842 545

31 1 2 28 96

28 96

191 155 380

191 155 380

760 854 755 94 147 95

34 14974 256 299 342

294 156 272

22 35 82 7 11 14 14 19 74 14 19

1,024 1,024

6

1,252

4 2 113 4 22020

113

11

11 4 39 113

6 11 7 384 666 630

18862

1045914545
96 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

(Thousands of long tons] West Indies to West Coast Central AmericaContinued

Petroleum and products—Continued

Fuel oil residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast South America:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Petroleum and products

Asphalt Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Liquefied natural gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Kerosene Other and unclassified Total West Indies to Oceania.

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Lubricating oil Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1980

29 440 323

43 35 75

8 13 7 54 15 35

6 5

5 682

8 6 8 396 645

11 12

11 12 724 510 538

1 81 10 251 178 138

16 16 27 278 149 264

21 6 9

58 17 32

5 2 62 60 58 33

17 7 68

57

17 7 11 752 529 606

203 245 194 159 161 109 40 70 44

2 7 4

2 6 37 47 50 38 47 50 38 250 295 232

433 239 323

58 22 34 350 188 289

22 22

3 7 433 239 323

64 61 29 64 6156

56

29

125 237 231 32 72 66

54 92 89

30 2 17 9 71 59
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 97

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to Oceania—Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous , Other agricultural commodities , Sugar , Petroleum and products , Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Nitrate of soda

Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified

192

-2120

4

1 31

62

57

510 903

903

31

1 29

1 16

16 1,047

Fiscal year

12

12 366

21174

506444

41

3 20

1,248 1,248 159

1 5354

5129

29

1,571

263

J2

22

10 47

36

32

4

11 993

993

54

41

13 46

46

1,172

23 24 31 19 41 99

13 16 55

6 22 29

3 15

3 4 5 192 205 241

181 191 226

4 8 2

2 1 2

5 5 11 611 562 842

72 92 79 315 291 609

3 16 11 42 24 89

179 139 54 357 218 297

218 86 131 127 129 158

12 2 8 60 23 52

23 13 35 37 10 17 29 5

8 10 12 24 6 59 24 6 59
98 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast United StatesContinued

Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Glass and glassware

Liquors and wine Marble and stone Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to West Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

.

Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products

Asphalt

Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Liquors and wines

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to West Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Cement

Glass and glassware

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 1

866 1,045 722

19 15 13 97 71 2

1 6 10

10 5 11 6 7 6 78 90 9

3 1 1 652 850 670

2,155 2,128 2,348

7 6 5

10

13 11 9

12 8 4

1 3 5 187 210 221

19 40 37

104 88 108

8 8 11 15 23 45

41 5!25

19

20

6

12

12

1111 188 164

1

170

3 2

3 3 5 182 160 163 395 428 426

2 7 4 13 28

12 20 22

4 4 9

8 16 13 12 45 60

1 3 4

1 23 21

7 16 23

3 3 12 269 574 467

87 335 238

180 233 225

2 6 4

3 12 12

3 12 12 133 70 72

2 5

1 3 5
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 99

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast Central AMERiCA-Continued

Miscellaneous—Continued

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods Milk

Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods Dairy products Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

12 92

6

34

4

624

2

1

1 1642360

3824

19 145

1853

24

19

313330

3 1577764

84

4

32

3 29

712

10 _5

2

3 87

12 76

8

2 4123

9

92

1

1 118

162939

17

17 134

2157

16 29

11 36

34

2

14049

58

11 20

2 42

6

J>6

1810

8 _2626

1 1980 1979 1978 1

8 5 12 124 60 50 433 736

64

668

73 56

56 51 44

52 46 35

4 5 9

17 13 12 14 12 11 3 1 1 110 96 108

21816

39 Al

1

1026

7

52 13525

4136

19

14 185

2158

18 64

24

21

14

7 20766

114

16

10

1 23

2

21

6

7 JlL

61

66
100 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast South America—Continued

Petroleum and products—Continued

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Ammunition and explosives

Bricks and tile Cement

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured , Textiles , Wax, paraffin

All other and unclassified Total Europe to Oceania: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous. . .

.

Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile • Cement

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 '

47 42 40 24 5 369 334 277

2 2 4

10 9 10

8 3 5

17 34 21

17 9 12 6 2 6

12

1 10

1 10

2 2 5 4 52 56 46

14 15 16 6 6 9

13 6 6

5 5 6 204 171 120

1,211 1,101 1,167

9 11 14 145 116 117 37 26 17 84 79 82

24 11 18 6 1 1 21 23 32

2 3 4

12 11 14 4 7 7 2

1 2 52

31 28 48

3 6 7

11 8 21

8 6 9 9 6 8 2 3 6 29 19

3 6 18

3 23 1 14

1

15

1 44

13

12

1

1

14

5

1910

2

1 10 10

18 76

8

8 7 10 1 1 490 608 513

4 5 5 63 98 77
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 101

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to Oceania—Continued

Miscellaneous—Continued

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Europe to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Ores and metals Metals

Iron metal Other and unclassified Ores Manganese ore Lead ore Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 '

6

1 10

1 12

2 2 2 2 3 7 6 8 19

5 3 4 4

1

1

5

1

1

13

32 396 471 368

751 843 807

23 38 5 23 38 5 153 141 147

3 119 102 118 34 39 26

5845 18 16 20 27

16 20

2

15

11

1

8 2 4139

8 2

3 10 8 9 9 56 131 70

2

13 7 43 130 61 371

1

345 325

33 116 70 168 72 55 61 9 11

11 963 44 61 46 44 61

17 50 9162

50 29

29 9 4

29 9 4 268 225 236
102 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 17.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Africa to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast Central America:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Ammonium compounds

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast South America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia (Middle East) to West Coast United States:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Asia (Middle East) to West Coast South America:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1980 1979 1978 '

54 47 7

3 26

3 26

57 47 33

19 55

55

19 2 7

13 8 13 8 32 65

6

7

20

10

10

1111 4 15 6 4 15 6 4 31

40

37

40 27 40 40

31

31

27

2

2 42 71 27

19 13 27

19 13 27

19 13 27

40 14

14

14 40

40
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 103

Table 18. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

140

13 10324

16

16

26

26

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to East Coast South

AMERICA: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous GrainsWheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Infusorial earth Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash . Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous .... Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

210

22

114

102

12

13

1

33

2112

7 163

24

7 103

91

12

11 48

36

12

20,924 14,039 17,357 19,316 12,698 15,751 487 500 610

473 488 678

245 116 6 40 67 55

185 130 129

178 40 128 210 170 138

3 135 21,316 14,370 17,672

27

7 8 8

15 16 19

13 14 19 2 2 . 11 29 4

3 1616

3 49 45 18 45 44 17 4 1 1 8 4 8

3 1 2 108 51 26

12 12 10 4 3 5 85 30 4

7 6 7 60 35 50 54 35 50

5

5 6

6

8 4 8

14 17 9
104 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast South

America—Continued

Other agricultural commodities—Continued

Beans, edible Peas, dry Petroleum and products Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Carbon black

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products Resin

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Cristobal. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Grains

Rice Lumber and products, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Residual fuel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Rice Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

3 95

95

3,269 3,099

17034

34

3,401

196

_4949

49

1 3030

3,985

3,95827

3

4,019

159

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978

'

4 8 6

10 9 3 91 84 61 90 42 36

1 42 25

106 174 98

22 50 25

3 17

5 3 7

79 117 48 480 486 311

213 213

213

6 134 134

1 1,295 1,190 105

51

51 1,487

192 4 2 5 192 157 187

15 3 7 116 98 124

61 56 56

81 53 33 202 299 132 454 183 264

90 3 3 79 159 186 200 21 73 85 2 847 717 593 369 276 268

128 123 71 322 205 253

28 113 1 9 2 3

2 7 442 437 442
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 105

Table 18.-Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Fiscal year West Coast United States to Europe—Continued mo

Minerals, miscellaneous—Continued Borax 43

^ Other and unclassified 5 Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Li Ammonium compounds • • Fertilizers, unclassified 'j Fishmeal ' Ores and metals {-±t Ores »02 Copper 38 Lead ° Other and unclassified ^ Metals ±L Copper 12 Scrap : Tin, including tinplate ' Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities 66

Beans, edible ' Cotton, raw *»

Oilseeds y Petroleum and products I '->H

Petroleum coke ' -399 Other and unclassified \]± Miscellaneous 1 "27 Carbon black 5& Clay, fire and china

Groceries, miscellaneous »

Oil, vegetable *

Paper and paper products 54

Seeds, excluding oilseeds 17 Slag °

All other and unclassified 221

Total JM

West Coast United States to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous 2 Grains ^37 Wheat 236 Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous 69

Minerals, miscellaneous *30

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cotton, raw

Oilseeds Petroleum and products, miscellaneous • Miscellaneous ?-l Oil, vegetable •

• Paper and paper products 16 All other and unclassified LI

Total 121

437 438

4 88 82

29 59

59 23

96 91 87 49

25 1 2042 48

9 42

4 9

3 5 2 27

53 52

1 14

1 26

38 25

1,665 1,706

1,542 1,454 123 252

844 789

85 23

11 14

1 12

15 12 98 130

11

634 587

4,594 4,386

2 3 13 213

13 192

21

3 6

15 162929

27 24

1116 13

11

1 16 28 45

18 6 10 22 17 89 352
106 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to Asia (Middle East): Grains

Rice Lumber and products, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Lumber and products Board and planks Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Ores and metals Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast Canada:

Coal

Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast South America:

Coal Lumber and products Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to West Indies: GrainsWheat

Lumber and products Board and planks

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979

1414

1978 1

10 4 3

18 24 12 16 24 12 16 34 30 37

4 19 852 1,322 1,487 844 1,322 1,462

8 25

72 62 35

72 62 35

5 10

5 10

81

81

16

8

8 1,010 1,398 1,557

157 203 154 309

309

1

466 204 154

347 260 22 24 30 54 24 30 54 323 59 34 320 59 34

3 468 68 5 7 461 68 5

7 15 12 56 94 50

22 22 27 34 72 23

1,225 526

62

62

177

19

19 60 49 90

59 49 75
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 107

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to West Indies—Continued ' im

Lumber and products —Continued Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Petroleum and products

Gasoline

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

Total West Coast Canada to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous , Coal and coke

Grains , Barley , Oats Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products , Board and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash

Fishmeal Ores and metals OresCopper Ill Zinc 17 Other and unclassified 8 Metals 69 Aluminum 7 Copper 20 Lead 11 Zinc 28 Other and unclassified 3 Other agricultural commodities 261

Oilseeds 261 Petroleum and products 125 Petroleum coke 121 Other and unclassified 4 Miscellaneous 717 Paper and paper products 45

1

All other and unclassified 266

Total 8,169 West Coast Canada to Africa:

Grains 141

Fiscal year

1 28 10 26

28 10 25

25

2

2

148

26

1 10

1 10 89 145

27 996

1,658

30

1,120 736

32

1,029 756

445 255 342

2

1,078 313 390

135 168 22

3,150 2,983 2,597

1,690 1,422 1,079

181 240 228

1,241 1,253 1,273 38

1 68

1 17

1 956

1 699

5 4

951 695

73 85

16 53 85

4 205 192

136 11485

1118 78

40

1325

184

184

153

153 '532 299

233

667

11 656

10926

83

170

13085

33

12 40

2

827

3 71

71

131

131

642 448

194

6,715 6,204

233 207
108 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Africa—Continued

Grains—Continued Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Potash Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to Asia (Middle East): Grains

Barley

Lumber and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast United

STATES: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas Meat

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Molasses Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

141 185 187 48 20 279 152 140 258 128 104

21 24 26

10 777 492 431

1 776 492 431

9 9 15 9 9 15

19 67 16

19 67 16 25 14 12 25 14 12 1,250 967 821

30

30

44

1 6

1 6 30 5 6

154 178 164

154 178 164 136 162 152

8 13 9

10 3 3 236 668 388 236 668 388 492 561 560

38 14 29

118 139 163 336 408 368

79 31 79

31 32 23 33

18 15 14 23 18 993 1.461

10

1,145

4 11 2222

26 10 11
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 109

Table 18. — Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to East Coast Central

AMERICA:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast South

AMERICA:

Grains, miscellaneous , Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous Miscellaneous , All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities M olasses Other and unclassified M iscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Coal, coke type

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Cocoa, raw

Coffee Cotton, raw M olasses Oilseeds

440 1 40 1 44 I

2 4 13 15 32 27 80

4 19 24

4 19 24

41 62 119

70 67 95

70

1 66 95

29 29 59

29 27 56

2 3 34 8

19 8

156 7 4

6 7 4

139 103 166

182 277 324

182 277 324

157 203 312

25 74 12 77 43 32

3 7 3 23 44 48

19 37 40

4 7 8 40 57 72

36 54 70

4 3 2 110 22 2 434 657

2 488

75 180 151 112 139 127

153 224 HI

37 79 39
110 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to Europe—continued Other agricultural commodities—Continued

Peas, dry

Sugar

Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Grains

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Peas, dried Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Peas, dried Oilseeds Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Refrigerated, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .

.

Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 '

19 33 60

38

6 24

6 24

106 97 50

2 3 2 18 2 2 106 91 27 981 1,204

2

1,043

2 2

2 2

2

7 4

4

8

7 8

15 11 13 29 10 7 29 10 7 1717 44

44

53 34

15 22 62

14

1 22

54

62

5

5

15 27 67

436 472 452

16 17 10 420 455 442

337 366 369

17 17 11 64 72 62

2

19 26 16 37 31 25

25 16 16

12 15 9

5 9 7 356 110 260

351 110 260

5 164 180 166

12 35

144 138 157
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 111

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast United

States—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates and potash—Continued

Potash

Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Iron Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses Sugar

Wool, raw

Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Miscellaneous

Fibers, plant Groceries, miscellaneous

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast Canada:

Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates.and potash

Nitrate of soda

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Miscellaneous , All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast

Central America:

Lumber and products , Pulpwood

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Nitrate of soda

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

1,315 1,069

2,950 904

41 128

76

15 100

21

20

19

I66

108

Fiscal year

1 1,717 1,449

3,546

1,149 98

181

79

15 150

34

2222

io10 22

9 2,245

1,895 4 5 71 505 928 1,247 34 48

3 12 13 27 22 14 530 448 502

246 268 350

167 179 268

55 17 7 40 31 6 5 25

11 27 26

631 771 733

5 3 4

32 33 28

199 239 183

2 7 5 155 203 187 238 285 326

3,895 4,793 3,887 3,090 797

9

9

954

6,986 8,281 7,872

3 27

19

71

12 17
112 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast Central

America—Continued

Ores and metals—Continued

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fruit refrigerated, excluding bananas Bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Molasses Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, fish Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Grains,miscellaneous

Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible M olasses Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassifed

Fiscal year

1980 1979 1978

'

96 5 9

331 1,554 1,573 331 1,554 1,573 59 16 17 10 8 6 49 8 11 524 1,624 1,618

21 22 13 8 7

3 132

13

10 122 108 101

5 6 64

131 88 73 32 26 33

29 26 12

21

3 1,232 1,538 1.594 985 1,385 1,570 247 153 24

88 88 57

9 14 10

2 4 2 77 70 45

1,631 1,876 1,881

50 44 47

1 49 44 47

6 18 57 41 39

54 36 35

3 5 423

23 47 47 21 47 47 21 30 29 32

23 29 32

7 25

1

17 36

3 24 17 33

3,056 2,343 1,119 2,882 2,255 997

174 53 70

35 52
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 113

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

2,556

934

20 914

612

77 225

2743

268

42

36

36 280

23

23

1,358

821

12 809

663

89

57

1679

23185

10145

559

18 453

895

West Coast South America to West Jndies- 1980 1979 Continued

Miscellaneous ±2 —

All other and unclassified 26 Total 3,291 West Coast South America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods L044 Canned foods, miscellaneous 37

Refrigerated foods •' LQQ7

Bananas 469

Fruit, excluding bananas • 20 Other and unclassified 4 '8 Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous 21 Grains, miscellaneous 55 Lumber and products ±62 Boards and planks IJ9 166 Pulpwood °3 56 Other and unclassified 30 4°

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 801 966

Fertilizers, unclassified 4

Fishmeal 666 834

Nitrate of soda 13U '^8 8S

PottiSh «5 Ores and metais : : 2,706 1,580 L491 Ores L«49 _93£

Copper '53 Iron L093

Lead 4I Tin 4 ' Zinc 46» Other and unclassified 53 Metals SJZ Copper 641 Lead 27 Zinc 79 Other and unclassfied 1 '0 Other agricultural commodities 418 Cocoa and cacao beans 31 Coffee 221 Cotton, raw 25

Oilseeds '9 Sugar 73 Wool, raw

Other and unclassified 4u Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous 234

Groceries, miscellaneous 19 17

Oil, fish 50 76

Seeds, excluding oilseeds 2 1 All other and unclassified 163 186 Total 5,541 4,512 West Coast South America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods 54 38 Canned foods, miscellaneous 1 Bananas

151 207

159 123 60 51 41 42

468 425

60 47

641 596

560 499

19 17 34 57

28 23 378 283

29 27 225 176

21 27

6 4 47

11385454

134

15 47

1 71 3,668
114 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to Africa—Continued Canned and refrigerated food—Continued

Fish, refrigerated

Fruits, refrigerated Lumber and products, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Other and unclassified Ores and metals Ores

Ore, zinc Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Metal, zinc Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Metals and ores, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Balboa, R.P. to West Indies: Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Other and unclassified Total Hawaii to East Coast United States: Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Hawaii to Europe:

Other agricultural commodities

Molasses

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fiscal rear

1 1980 1979 1978 '

53 33

2 28 5 10

5 72

48

4 24

26 30 23 24 24 23 24 16

8 23

2 6

2 6

51

51

5

5

2 1 11 2 1 11 115 197 53

77 114 127 77 114 127 74 94 105

3 20 22

9 15 2060 25 28 60 25 28

2

2 166 154 157

34

13 18 22

13 18 22 47 18 22

116 23 112 116 23 112

10 78 5 10 78 5 126 101

45

117

51 20

51 45

29

2974

20

51 20

500

1 518 521
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 115

Table 18. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[ I housands of long Ions]

Oceania to East Coast United States- Continued Canned and refrigerated foods -Continued

Refrigerated foods Dairy products Meat

Other and unclassified Coal and coke Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . .

.

Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite Lead Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsZinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Molasses Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Liquefied natural gas Crude oil Miscellaneous Paper and paper products Porcelainware

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Meat

Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous . . . Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast South America

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous . . . Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . .

.

Fiscal vear

1 1980 1979 1978 1

499 518 521 6 8 9 103 137 161 390 373 351 260 822

39 18 34

1,201 1,074 1,149

1,101 935 1,075 513 451 574

4 9 205 118 69 383 362 423

100 139 74

10 2 13 90 137 61 353 367

1 479

2 81 134 128 271 228 345

1 2 4

2 20390

90

78

31 12 82 314 315 227

1933 314 315 175 2,407 2,755 3,322

54 67 66

54 67 66

6 54 67 60

59 87 52

59 87 52 226 276 494

226 276 494

63 51 39

63 51 39 402 482 651

3 1 59 59 41 59 59 41

16 11 10

16 11 10 78 71

29

51

14 24

19 53
116 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Oceania to East Coast South America—Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified , Total

Oceania to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products Meat

Other and unclassified GrainsWheat

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Oceania to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, excluding bananas Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Copper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Copra

Molasses

Peas, dry

Skins and hides Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 ' 9 15 23

9 15 23

23 63 100

35 44 64

5 5 9 30 39 55 4 5 9

3 8 14 23 26 329696

92 29 31 92 29 31 127 73 191

273 308 394

2 1 1 271 307 393

29 32 72

69 60 63 64 48 122

109 167 136 25 46

22 19

11 351 365 377

206 218 314

39 26 10 132 167 275

5 3 16 30 22 13 145 147 63

67 57 2 6 13 78 84 48 337 362 410

1 9 10

10 15 42 83 71 113 45 104

2 •«•£

6 137 176 166

35 22 38

6 15 323 365 355

3 1 3 16 19 34
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 117

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long ions]

Oceania to Europe—Continued

Miscellaneous— Continued

Oil, vegetable Tallow

Other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods

Fruit Vegetables Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods

Fish Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Nails, tacks, and spikes

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ores Chrome

Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Iron

Tin, including tinplate Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Copra

Rubber, raw

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous

296

1,309

189

109

88

16

5 80

31 387

49

1,209

2 979

927

87

32 80852

II

334

1,422

15369

56

10

384

77 777

79

1,040

4 533 465

138

5 322

68

6

1 311

1,612

165

10086

10465

9 25 37

71 59 28

91 111 236

387 662 75 467 933 957

63

859

35

1,115

13 13 31 1,144 966 983

21 29 45

12 15 21

19 17 35

4,398 4,347 4,880

661 468 479

107 140 247

1,317 1,648 1,953 1,146 918 992

188 322 513 979 851 696

2 4 5

5 350

278

98

9

17172

3 14 5

1

1 34

1 34

5 47 19 55 430 548 1,111

5 2 9

1 4 7 36 41 83 388 494

7 1,0111 190 86 36
118 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast United States—

Continued

Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Clay, fire and china

Fibers, plant Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable Porcelainware Rubber, manufactured

Textiles Tabacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products

Plywood, veneers, composition board

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Rubber, raw

Miscellaneous

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast Central America:

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Rubber, raw

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts .

.

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 ' 2,921 2,881 2,821 4 3 7 2 2 1 14 15 18 4 3 7

5 8 10 151 148 178

125 169 143

2 5 5 26 23 41

13 25 43

2,575 2,479 2,368

11,263 11,298 11,75!

4 3 9 24

23

59

50

1 9

2 6 9

2 4

2 4 5 10

1 33

1 6336

1 9 10

15 6

8 8 11 6 13 14

5

5 5 284

1 259 278

2 283 259 276

306 338 437

4 10 8 189 203 317

7

7

18

18

15 20 19

15 20 19 208 240 362

7 7 12 35 25 93 115 122 25 30 33 20 28 25 48 57 64 690 790 1,017 407 528 659

105 155 156

178

1 1073 202

1
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 119

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

Asia to East Coast South America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash—Continued

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ores Chrome

Other and unclassified Metals

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities , Rubber, raw

Petroleum and products

Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware

Oil, coconut

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Cristobal, R.P.: Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Cement

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal

GrainsCorn

Rice Lumbers and products Board and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment , Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . .

,

Electrical machinery and apparatus , Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel , Plates, sheets, and coils , Tubes, pipes, and fittings , Other and unclassified ,

14

4

110

151

1,256 1,191

16 4 6

10 10 23 21 114 113

7 106

150

Fiscal year

1 1980

1 1979

12

1978^

1

43 43 73 24 9 18 6 5 6

18 4 12 19 34 55

16 24 39

3 10 16

1 5

5

4

1 4

132 35

132 1520 254 193 189

2 1 8

5 2

6 7 9

8 11 14

8 1 9 230 168 147

1,443

16

18 98

17 90

132

51 35 35 22 23 20

29 12 15 9 6 20

17 5 5 85 79 76

6

85 79 70

139 96 128 88 67 93

16 2 14 35 27 21 164 122 125

146 88 88

5 7 12

13 27 25 203 207 230

107 110 105 40 17 38 56 80 87
120 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 18.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to West Indies— Continued

Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Paper and paper products Porcelainware

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable Rubber, manufactured

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous .... Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1980 1979 1978 ' 13 19 10

11 18 10

2 1 37 99

33

3

37 66 3 268 182 204

6 6 8

2

3 4 3

1 4 4

2 1 5 2 3 3 3 2 9 4 6 6

13 13 18 234 143 146 986 850 836

15 6 5 22 23

2

2

9

54

18 44 23

18 43 23

1 66 341

13

1

65

1

265

1 62

28 54 85 58 108

10

17

1 3 4422

67 55 31 169 176 518

6 6

2

1

4

18 2 4

18 2 4

24 10 9
PANAMA CANAI. COMMISSION 121

Table 19. —Principal Canal Commodities by Direction —Fiscal Year 1980

[Long tons)

Atlantic Pacific Commodity to Pacific to Atlantic Total Ammonium compounds 658,647 2,549 661,196

Asbestos 20,627 6,200 26,827 Asphalt 8,148 258 8,406 Automobiles, trucks, and accessories 393,807 1,354,540 1,748,347 Bananas 331 1,190,157 1,190,488 Barley 53,018 564,190 617,208

Beans, edible 4,267 54,74

1

59,008 Benzene 12,576 53,578 66,154 Borax 3,015 456,220 459,235

Bricks and tile 68,424 14,702 83,126 Canned food products 85,059 229,396 314,455 Carbon black 74,886 103,691 178,577 Caustic soda 975,409 35,306 1,010,715 Cement 172,753 986 173,739 Chemicals, petroleum, various 689,233 52,746 741,979 Chemicals, various 2,023,488 302,271 2,325,759

Clay, fire and china 393,548 1 5,68

1

409,229 Coal and coke (excluding petroleum coke) . 14,712,388 2,295,889 17,008,277 Cocoa and cacao beans 5,366 66,076 7 1 ,442 Coffee 15,711 538,572 554,283 Coke, petroleum 165,513 1,663,073 1,828,586 Copra and coconuts 116 43,015 43,131 Corn 12,324,187 79,470 12,403.657 Cotton, raw 509,285 180,083 689,368

Fertilizers, various 1,405,931 133,795 1,539,726

Fibers, plant 28,889 57,109 85,998 Fishmeal 4,609 809,908 814,517

Flour, wheat 76,879 42,562 1 19,441 Gasoline 847,015 760,524 1,607,539 Glass and glassware 37,552 10,864 48,416

Grains, various 126,966 171,874 298,840

Groceries, various 41 ,666 55,790 97,456

Infusorial earth 4,422 13,972 18J94

Jet fuel 1,203,164 20,271 1,223,435 Kerosene 131 ,065 45,829 1 76.894

Liquefied natural gas 153,315 1 153,316 Liquors 22,115 5,296 27,411 Lumber and products (excluding pulpwood) 203,196 4,762,471 4,965,667 Machinery, agricultural 88,575 24,873 113,448 Machinery, construction 144,398 49,678 194,076 Machinery, electrical 61.068 49,603 110,671 Machinery, various 83,738 86,462 1 70,200 Manufactures of iron and steel 1,804,767 5,605,993 7,410,760

Metal, aluminum 236,270 86,544 322,8 14 Metal, copper 1 7, 1 33 969,997 987, 1 30

Metal, iron 103,079 136,329 239.408

Metal, scrap 2,357.782 3,822 2,361.604

Metals, various (including tinplate) 142,160 383,241 525.401 Molasses 2.958 772,333 775^291

Nitrate of soda 16,390 287,716 304,106 Oats 17,522 4,198 21,720

Oil, coconut 905 1 76,862 1 77,767

Oil, crude 5,285,983 30,058.078 35.344,061

Oil, diesel 893,976 575,087 1.469,063

Oil, fish 1 2,787 79,475 92,262

Oil, lube 1 .037,953 204,673 1 ,242,626

Oil, residual fuel 1,722.378 1,829.258 3,551.636

Oil, vegetable 313,204 185,835 499.039

Oilseeds 55,026 401.737 456,763

Ore, alumina bauxite 501,197 722,938 1,224,135
122 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 19.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1980—

Continued

Commodity Ore, copper

Ore, iron Ores, various Paper and paper products

Peas, dry Petroleum and products, various Phosphates

Potash Pulpwood

Refrigerated food products

(excluding bananas)

Resin

Rice Rubber, manufactured

Rubber, raw

Salt Seeds, excluding oilseeds Slag, clinkers, and dross Soda and sodium compounds. .

.

Sorghum

Soybeans

Sugar

Sulfur Tallow

Textiles Tobacco and manufactures Toluene Wax, paraffin Wheat

Wool, raw

All otherTotal

[Long tons 1 A tianlic to Pacific 20,137 42,534

563,359 869,349

42,255 532,196

5,830,959

102,517 380,090

457,688

182,504 260,265

47,720

3,681 101,329

7,512 48,992

86,702

3,048,205 6,879,632

1,040,833 107,127 75,126

189,266 60,808 46,896

24,788

4,832,690

1,182 6,299,717 84,741,894

Pacific to Atlantic 603,891

1,676,033 2,975,144

586,541

67,611 247,684

4,615 538,588

1,828,977

2,105,907

11,373 273,910 40,014

37,243 600,620

39,061 56,468

149,136

7,089

1,836,544 2,234,893 620

65,239

1,663 26,728

6,530

1,742,061 46,062

5,774,408

82,473,041

Total 624,028

1,718,567 3,538,503

1,455,890 109,866 779,880

5,835,574 641,105

2,209,067

2,563,595

193,877 534,175

87,734 40,924 701,949

46,573

105,460 235,838

3,048,205

6,886,721 2,877,377 2,342,020 75,746 254,505

62,471 73,624

31,318

6,574,751 47,244

12,074,125 167,214,935
Other Statistics

123
124 OTHER STATISTICS

Table 20.— Water Supply and Usage

Fiscal year

' 7980 1979

(A ere feel) Madden and Gatun Lake Water Supply:

Total runoff, Madden Lake Basin 1,557,684 1,522,133 Evaporation from Madden Lake 40,286 38,251 Municipal water use Madden Lake 64,879 53,546

Available for Madden Lake usage 1 ,452,5 19 1 ,430,337 Total runoff, Gatun Lake (area below Madden) . .

.

2,186,786 2,310,307 Subtotal 3,639,305 3,740,643 Evaporation from Gatun Lake 480,073 460,585

Available for Gatun watershed usage 3,159,232 3,280,058

Madden Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 1 ,5 10,284 1 ,546,074 Leakage 14,479 14,479 Spillway discharge 28,535 Municipal 64,879 53,546 Total Madden Lake usage 1,618,177 1,614,099

Gatun Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 1,060,399 1,198,146 Lockages, Gatun and Pedro Miguel 2,203,305 2,125,757 Municipal and other usages 89,912 93,445 Spillway discharge 23,095 12,902 Total Gatun Lake usage 3,376,711 3,430,250

Percent of usage

Fiscal vear

93 96

2 3 4

100 100

31 35

65 62

3

1

3

100 100

Table 21.— Dredging Operations— Fiscal Year 1980

(Cubic yards) Earth Construction Dredging:

Gaillard Cut 43,650 Gatun Lake 269,650

Total 313,300

Maintenance Dredging:

Pacific District 1,129,985

Atlantic District Central District 41,381 Total 1,171,366

Auxiliary Dredging:

Gamboa Reserve Fleet 7,150 Total 7,150

77,600 278,100

355,700

100

100

121,250 547,750

669,000

1,129,985

41,381

1,171,366

7,250

7,250
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 125

Table 22. — Klectrical Power Generated

i Gigawatl hours)

Generation: Gatun Hydro station Madden Hydro station Thermal generating stations Gross generated by Panama Canal Commission

Less station service usage Net total generated by Panama Canal Commission.

Power Purchases: Through interconnect from Panama

Power Sales: Through interconnect to Panama

Net power generated and purchases for Canal Area only. Other power generated by military for own use Total Canal Area requirements Power distributed to Canal Area customers

Distribution losses Peak load (thousands of kilowatts) Date of peak load Canal Area load factorFis cal \ear

' 1980 1979 '

62 75

161 166 343 280 566 52L

(13) (12) 553

12

(4)

509'

141

(7) 561 643'

1 2 562 6453

522 593' 40 50

93.0 105.0 \la\ 5 Apr. 11 68.99? 70.1%*

'One gigawatt hour equal to 1 million kilowatt hours.

: Total Canal Area requirements divided by number of hours per year times peak load. 'Figures for FY 1979 refer to the previous Panama Canal Company and Canal Zone.
126 STASTISTICAL TABLES

Table 23.— Police Statistics

' 19X0 1979 I Classification of arrests (Canal Area)

U.S. Jurisdiction 335 2,923 R. P. Jurisdiction 1,017 . . . .

.

Total 1,352 T92"3

U.S. Jurisdiction Charges

Traffic violations 1 59 1 ,740 M isdemeanors 202 1 ,430 (drug violations: 85/ 165) Felonies 25 46

1

(drug violations: 4/58)

Total* 386 3,631

*Total does not include traffic offenses which were

paid in Traffic Violation Bureau 758 8,821

Table 24.— Fire Statistics

FY 1980

i 1

i Number Number

of Properly of

fires loss fires PCC 139 $41,097 485 Armed Forces 363 86.744 4 1

1

FAA 1 8 Private (including ships) 88 624,663 144 R.P.* J92 7,679 . .

Total _783 $760,183 1 ,048

Value of property involved in ship fires $15,006,165 Value of property involved in other fires 89,289.739

Calls for emergency aid** 1 ,93

1

Total number of calls (all types) responded to 2,802

*Statistics started as of October 1, 1979 due to Treaty implementation. "Includes Fire Apparatus and Ambulance.

Properly

loss $39,751 57.282

291,151

$388,184

$50,428,120

88.109,885

981

2,131



UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

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