Sites controlled by others: Use of the asphalt emulsion produced containing PMN 

chemical Oleylamine hydrochloride and or its neutral Oleylamine precursor.

“Chip Sealing” a typical application for use of aqueous asphalt emulsions sub as produced by 

the submitter.

Source: E.D. Etnyre & Co

The asphalt emulsion produced by Tri-State Asphalt, LLC is typically loaded into a tank truck by Tri-State. 

Tristate operates its own fleet of trucks and in nearly all cases will be responsible for the delivery of the 

emulsion to the client/contractor controlled use site. It either temporarily is retained in the tank, off loaded 

into onsite storage tanks, or directly transferred into tanks integral to the application equipment. 

Disposition of the emulsion at the use site is in the hands of the paving contractor and their work crews.

The main use for the asphalt emulsions prepared using the PMN substance is in a road maintenance 

process called ‘chipseal”. When completed, the chipseal comprises a 1-2mm thick asphalt layer typically 

covered with 4-14mm one-sized aggregate (“chip”). This provides an economical and water impervious 

surface seal with much improved surface texture. 

Chipseal applications are normally made using asphalt distributors (tank trucks fitted with a spray bar)

and chip spreaders. The warm emulsion is sprayed onto the road surface, and chips are spread on top, 

then rolled to ensure proper embedment and alignment. The application rate for the emulsion depends to 

the aggregate size and road condition but typically ranges from 1-2 liters (1-2kg)/square meter. The 

aggregate application rate depends on its size, shape and density of the aggregate, but 10-20 kg/square 

meter would be typical. Contact between the aggregate and the emulsion leads to a destabilization of the 

emulsion (“breaking” or “setting”) with neutralization of the acid, the conversion of the oleylamine 

hydrochloride to its neutral amine precursor, evaporation of water from the applied emulsion producing 

cures and strengthens the asphalt.

In the process the neutral, oil-soluble oleylamine remains immobilized in the substance of the asphalt or 

adsorbed at the interface between the aggregate and the asphalt cement.

The following items pertinent to this “chip seal” process are also provided in the description of the 

production process for the PMN chemical (Oleylamine HCL) are summarized below:

1. The 20,000 gallon (approx. 76000L) batch of the final asphalt emulsion contains about 15-151 kg of 

Oleylamine HCL at a concentration of 0.02-0.20 % w/w. At an application rate of 1-2 liters/sq meter, 

one production batch can cover 38-76,000 sq meter.

2. Shipment size is typically 5600 gallons or 47,000 Ibs (21,319 kg) of emulsion containing 10-100 1bs 

(5-50kg) of the PMN substance

3. The end user of the emulsion is a road maintenance contractor, who may operate mobile emulsion 

tanks of up to 22,000 gallons capacity close to the road construction site most common process of 

road maintenance, 

4. The application rate of emulsion for the "chip seal" process is variable, depending on a wide number 

of factors, involves spraying emulsion at a rate of approximately 1-2 liters (1-2kg)/ m2on the road.

5. Since the emulsion contains 0.2-2.0g/liter of the PMN substance, between 0.2 and 4.0g of the PMN 

substance is applied to each square meter of roadway (together with 1-2kg of asphalt cement and 10-

20kg of aggregate).