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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

ANNUAL REPORT

FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1983
Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2010 with funding from

Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/annualreport1983unit
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Balboa, Republic of Panama

OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

From the Administrator

It is a pleasure to submit the fourth annual report of the Panama Canal

Commission covering Canal operations for fiscal year 1983.

Fiscal year 1983 marked another successful year for the Panama Canal

in terms of fulfilling its mission to provide safe, efficient transit service to international shipping. Noteworthy among the Commission's accomplishments were the acceleration of key maintenance projects, technological

improvements to locks overhaul programs, the initiation of a second

generation marine traffic control system designed to improve the surveil- lance and control of vessel traffic, and the implementation of a transit booking system allowing vessels to reserve a slot in the transit schedule. Additionally, a series of cost reduction measures, aimed at keeping

operating costs down and minimizing the requirement for future toll rate increases, were implemented.

The actions represent significant achievements during a year in which

worldwide recession in the maritime industry and the diversion of the Alaska North Slope oil trade to a trans-Panama pipeline resulted in a

decline in vessel traffic and Canal operating revenues. Through effective austerity measures and the efforts of our dedicated and well-trained work

force, operating expenditures were controlled without adverse impact on

the waterway and the Canal continued to serve world commerce well, while

covering all costs from its revenues. The Canal improvement programs are producing results as evidenced by

the virtual elimination of ship delays and the lowering of Canal Waters

Time to about 20 hours on average, compared to the 33 hours registered in

fiscal year 1982. This reduction in the time vessels spend in Canal waters
was achieved even while transits by the largest vessels the Canal can accommodate—those of 100-foot beam and over—reached a record setting

20% of total oceangoing transits. Improved Canal service is also reflected

in our safety record which showed a marked reduction in vessel accidents.

The accomplishments during the past year attest to the extraordinary

contributions made by the men and women who work to keep the waterway operating efficiently. To retain these strengths in the challenging

years ahead, training programs have been developed or expanded with

emphasis on increased participation by qualified Panamanians. Panamanians now constitute over 75% of our work force and much of the increase

has been in senior and supervisory positions. A number of collective bargaining agreements also were concluded during the year, establishing a

positive and constructive relationship between the Commission and its employees.

Many challenges remain. Canal traffic levels have not yet returned to a pattern of sustained growth; however, we are confident that the Canal's

future will be bright. Traffic levels are expected to turn upward in the years ahead and major projects important for the long term viability of the waterway will continue to be accomplished. The Panama Canal Commission remains fully committed to serving world trade with the standards of

excellence that have been the tradition of the Panama Canal.

D. P. McAuliffe,

Administrator

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Page

Organization Chart vi INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION 1 The Canal I Tolls Rates 2 Board of Directors 3/4 Officials in the Republic of Panama 3/4 Officials in Washington, D.C 3/4 CHAPTER I—CANAL TRAFFIC

Traffic 7 Comparative Highlights of Operations 8 Commodities and Trade Routes 8

CHAPTER II—CANAL OPERATIONS

Transit Operations 15 Maintenance and Other Canal Projects 17 CHAPTER III—SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Logistical Services 21 Community Services 22 Sanitation and Grounds Management 22 Transportation Facilities 23 Public Utilities and Energy 23 Fire Protection 24 Canal Protection 24 Health and Safety 24 Library Services 25 CHAPTER IV-ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Personnel: Force Employed and Rates of Pay 27 Equal Opportunity Program 28 Public Affairs 29 Ombudsman 29 Industrial Relations 29 CHAPTER V—FINANCIAL REPORT

Narrative Statement 31 Results of Operations 32

Capital Expenditures 32
CONTENTS

Financial Tables Page Table I. —Balance Sheet 34 Table 2. —Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment 35 Table 3. —Statement of Changes in the Investment of the United States Government 36 Table 4. —Statement of Changes in Financial Position 38 Table 5. —Statement of Status of Appropriations 39 Table 6. —Statement of Property, Plant, and Equipment 40 Notes to Financial Statements 41 CHAPTER VI—STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics

. —Panama Canal Traffic —Fiscal Years 1974 through 1983 54 -Oceangoing Commercial Traffic by Months —Fiscal Years 1983 and 1982 56 -Canal Traffic by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1983 57

-Classification of Canal Traffic by Type of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1983 60 -Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1983 .... 63 -Segregation of Transits by Registered Gross Tonnage—Fiscal Year 1983 64

-Principal Commodities Shipped Through Canal by Fiscal Years ... 66

-Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Atlantic to Pacific During Fiscal Year 1983 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 70 Table 9.—Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Pacific to Atlantic During Fiscal Year 1983 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 76 Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade RoutesAtlantic to Pacific 84 Table 11. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic 103 Table 12. —Principal Canal Commodities by Direction —Fiscal Year 1983 122

Other Statistics Table 13.— Water Supply and Usage 124 Table 14. —Dredging Operations 124 Table 15. —Electrical Power Generated 125 Table 16.— Fire Statistics 125

Table 1. Table 2.

Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6.

Table 7. Table 8.

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INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION

The Panama Canal Commission is an agency of the Executive Branch of

the United States Government, provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty

of 1977, and established by the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (93 Stat. 452; 22

U.S.C. 3601 et seq.), enacted September 27, 1979. The authority of the President of the United States with respect to the Commission is exercised

through the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Army. The

Commission is supervised by a nine-member Board. Five members are nationals of the United States and four are Panamanians. Board members

who are U.S. nationals are appointed by the President with the advice and

consent of the Senate. The Commission was established to carry out the responsibilities of the United States with respect to the Panama Canal under the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. In fulfilling these obligations, the Commission manages,

operates, and maintains the Canal, its complementary works, installations,

and equipment, and provides for the orderly transit of vessels through the Canal. The Commission will perform these functions until the Treaty

terminates on December 31, 1999, when the Republic of Panama will assume full responsibility for the Canal.

The Commission is expected to recover, through tolls and other

revenues, all costs of operating and maintaining the Canal, including

interest, depreciation, capital for plant replacement, expansion and improvements, and payments to the Republic of Panama for public services and annuities, in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article III and para- graphs 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII, respectively, of the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. Revenues from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the U.S. Treasury in an account known as the Panama Canal Commission

Fund. Appropriations for operating expenses and capital improvements

are enacted annually by the Congress and are limited to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund.

THE CANAL

The Panama Canal is a lock-type canal approximately 51 miles long

from deep water to deep water. The minimum width of the navigable

channel is 500 feet. Navigable channel depth varies according to the amount of water available in Canal storage areas. The normal range of

permissible transit draft is from 38 feet to 39 feet 6 inches tropical fresh water.
2 INTRODUCTION

Vessels transiting the Canal are raised in three steps to the level of Gatun

Lake, the principal source of Canal water, then lowered to sea level again in three steps. The three sets of Canal locks are paired so as to permit

simultaneous lockage of two vessels in the same direction or in opposite

directions. Since August 15, 1914, the official date of its opening, the Panama Canal

has served world trade virtually without interruption. Through this fiscal year, a total of 625,510 vessels of all types have transited with 523,339 or

83.7 percent of the total being of the oceangoing commercial class. TOLLS RATES

Panama Canal tolls rates were increased approximately 9.8 percent on March 12, 1983. Toll rates are: (a) On merchant vessels, Army and Navy

transports, tankers, hospital ships, supply ships, and yachts, when carrying passengers or cargo: $1.83 per net vessel ton of 100 cubic feet of actual earning capacity. Such tonnage is determined in accordance with the "Rules of Measurement of Vessels for the Panama Canal;" (b) on such

vessels in ballast, without passengers or cargo: $ 1 .46 per net vessel ton; and

(c) on other floating craft: $1.02 per ton of displacement.

By treaty, the United States continues to provide to Colombia free

transit through the Canal of its troops, materials of war, and ships of war.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Beginning Fiscal Year 1983

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Assistant Secretary of the Army

(Civil Works)

Washington. D. C.

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Chief of Mission

U.S. Embassy

Buenos Aires, Argentina

Honorable Phillip Dean Butcher B. (Member-designate)

Vice President. Inter-American Regional Organization of Workers (OR/T)

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Edwin Fabrega V. Director General

Institute of Hydraulic Resources and

Electrification (IRHE)

Panama. Republic of Panama

Honorable Andrew E. Gibson

President, Delta Steamship

Lines, Inc. Short Hills, New Jersey

Honorable Tomas Paredes R. Executive Director Executive Bureau for Panama

Canal Treaty Affairs Panama. Republic of Panama

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr. Beaufort, South Carolina

Executive Committee

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Other members to be determined.

OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator Honorable D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Honorable Fernando Manfredo, Jr.

OFFICIALS IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.
INTRODUCTION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Ending Fiscal Year 1983

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Assistant Secretary of the Army

(Civil Works)

Washington, D. C.

Honorable Luis A. Anderson

Vice Minister of Labor and

Social Welfare Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Chief of Mission

U.S. Embassy

Buenos Aires, Argentina

Honorable Fernando Cardoze

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Andrew E. Gibson

Short Hills, New Jersey

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Minister of Foreign Relations Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Carlos Ozores

Ambassador to the United Nations Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr. Beaufort, South Carolina

Executive Committee

Honorable William R. Gianelli,

Chairman

Honorable Fernando Cardoze

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Honorable William Sidell Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr.

Cut Widening Feasibility Committee

Honorable Fernando Cardoze,

Chairman

Honorable Andrew Gibson

Honorable Oyden Ortega

Honorable William W. Watkin, Jr.

OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator Honorable D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Honorable Fernando Manfredo, Jr.

OFFICIALS IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.

CANAL TRAFFIC
Chapter I

CANAL TRAFFIC

TRAFFIC

Canal traffic and tolls revenue declined substantially during fiscal year

1983 as a result of the loss of the Alaska North Slope (ANS) oil trade to the trans-Panama pipeline system and the worldwide shipping recession. The

oil pipeline started operations early in October 1982. Total oceangoing transits in fiscal year 1983 dropped 16.2 percent to

1 1,846 or 32.5 vessels daily from 14, 142 or 38.7 daily during the prior year. Vessels owned or operated by the U.S. Government and free Colombian and

small Panamanian Government vessels (e.g., health or police) made 139

transits during the year compared to 133 transits in fiscal year 1982. Despite the loss of the large ANS tankers, the trend toward larger vessels was evident in the percentage of vessels having beams of 100 feet and over. Transits by vessels in that category, which totaled 2,37 1 , accounted for 20.0 percent of total oceangoing transits compared to 2,681 or 19.0 percent in 1982. Transits by vessels having beams of 80 feet and over accounted for 5,869 or 49. 5 percent of total oceangoing transits compared to 7,226 or 5 1 .

1

percent of total oceangoing transits in the prior year. In terms of Panama

Canal net tonnage, the average size of oceangoing commercial transits remained about the same. Oceangoing commercial vessels averaged 14,485

Panama Canal net tons compared to 14,488 tons in 1982. Total Panama Canal net tonnage declined to 170.7 million tons in fiscal year 1983 from 204.0 million tons in the prior year. Correspondingly, tolls revenue also declined, despite the toll rate increase of 9.8 percent put into

effect on March 12, 1983. Total tolls revenue reached $287.8 million

($14.1 million of which was due to the toll rate increase) compared to $325.6 million during fiscal year 1982. Oceangoing commercial tolls accounted for $286. 1 million of total tolls in 1983 and U.S. Government tolls accounted for $1.7 million. Other transit-related revenues, such as tug,

launch, harbor pilotage, and other services, reached $55.4 million for a total

transit revenue of $343.2 million compared to $385.1 million in the prior

fiscal year. A two-year summary of the principal elements of Canal traffic and tolls revenue is shown in the following table:
CANAL TRAFFIC

COMPARATIVE HIGHLIGHTS OF OPERATIONS

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 ' Oceangoing transits: Commercial 1 1,707 14,009 U.S. Government 125 1 10 Free 14 23 Total 11,846 14,142 Daily average 32.5 38.7

Small transits: Commercial 810 830

U.S. Government 242 241 Free 56 58 Total 1,108 1,129

Total cargo: Commercial 145,591,428 185,453,260 U.S. Government 354,878 285,451 Free 2,512 70

Total 145,948,818 185,738,781

Total Panama Canal net tons and reconstructed displace- ment tonnage 170,655,341 203,999,771

Transit revenue: Commercial tolls $286,057,692 $324,031,594

U.S. Government tolls 1,733,331 1,557,503

Tolls revenue $287,791,023 $325,589,097

Harbor pilotage, tug, launch, and other services 55,381,005 59,466,095 Total transit revenue $343,172,028 $385,055,192

COMMODITIES AND TRADE ROUTES

Twelve key commodity groups have maintained relatively stable levels of

importance to Canal traffic in recent years. The groups, shown on the chart on page 11, accounted for 88.4 percent of total oceangoing commercial

cargo, near the proportion observed for these commodity groups in 1982

when they registered 90.3 percent.

The most significant development in Canal traffic during fiscal year 1983 was the loss of the Alaska North Slope (ANS) oil trade. Shipments during

the year dropped to an average of 86 thousand barrels daily from 636

thousand barrels per day in 1982. This volume of trade generated 199

transits and $6.5 million in tolls revenue compared to 1,551 transits and

$50.8 million in tolls revenue during fiscal year 1982. As a result of the loss of the ANS oil trade, grain, although declining

slightly to 36.5 million long tons from 37.6 million long tons in 1982, re- gained its position as the major commodity group shipped through the
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 9

waterway. Grain shipments accounted for 25.0 percent of total oceangoing

commercial cargo in 1983. The strength of this commodity group was

primarily due to an increase in corn shipments, which reached a record 2 1 .6 million long tons, rising 59.5 percent from 13.6 million long tons in 1982. This increase offset nearly all of the drop sustained in wheat shipments

which declined 60.3 percent to 5.6 million long tons from 14.0 million long

tons the prior year. The downturn in the wheat movement was due to a decrease in U.S. wheat purchases by China. With the exception of

soybeans, which increased by 8.9 percent to 7.0 million long tons from 6.5 million tons the prior year, the remaining products in the group showed

declines, dropping 37.4 percent to 2.2 million long tons from 3.6 million

long tons in 1982. Grain shipments from the United States to Asia

constituted 84.4 percent of the total movement of this commodity group,

with Japan, Mainland China, and South Korea being the principal

destinations.

Petroleum and petroleum products, the second major commodity group

shipped through the Canal, dropped by 42.5 percent from 59.0 million long

tons in 1982 to 33.9 million long tons, reflecting the loss of the ANS oil trade. Crude oil movements totaled 18.7 million long tons, representing 55 percent of the total commodity group. Twenty-four percent, or 4.4 million

long tons, of the crude shipments originated from the Alaska North Slope.

Shipments of coal and coke decreased 52.4 percent during fiscal year

1983 to 10.7 million long tons, accounting for 7.4 percent of all cargo

shipments. A major factor in the sharp drop in coal shipments through the Canal was the slump in the Japanese steel industry which led to a reduction

of metallurgical coal imports by the Japanese. Coal to Japan accounted for

7.0 million long tons or 65.5 percent of the trade, and shipments to Taiwan

totaled 1.4 million long tons or 12.6 percent of the coal and coke

commodity group. Coal shipments may have also been affected by a

relative increase in bypass movements around the Cape of Good Hope. The

proportion of U.S. East Coast shipments to the Far East taking the Cape

route compared to the Canal route increased from 24.0 percent the prior year to 40.0 percent.

Among those commodity groups registering increases were nitrates,

phosphates, and potash, which rose by 11.4 percent to 9.4 million long

tons; ores and metals, which increased by 1.6 percent to 8.0 million long

tons; lumber and products, which were up by 11.8 percent to 5.9 million

long tons; and chemicals and petrochemicals, which rose 1.9 percent

to 5.0 million long tons. Other Canal commodities showing declines included manufactures of

iron and steel, which were down by 26.6 percent to 5.2 million long tons; miscellaneous agricultural commodities, which dropped by 1.0 percent to

5.4 million long tons; canned and refrigerated foods, which decreased by

11.2 percent to 3.4 million long tons; miscellaneous minerals, which

declined 18.8 percent to 3.3 million long tons; and machinery and

equipment, which dropped 11.2 percent to 2.0 million long tons.
10 CANAL TRAFFIC

Commodity shipments continued to show concentration to specific areas and countries of the world. Trade between East Coast United States and

Asia continued to dominate Canal traffic with 41.4 percent of total Canal

cargo moving over this route in fiscal year 1983. This proportion is higher

than the 38.7 percent observed in 1982. Cargo movements on this trade

route, however, dropped 16.0 percent to 60.3 million long tons in 1983 from

71.8 million long tons in 1982. The following chart and table show the principal commodity groups

moving in commercial vessels in 1983 and a comparison of the major trade

routes in fiscal years 1983 and 1982.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 11

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Chapter II

CANAL OPERATIONS

Canal operations are comprised of Transit Operations and Maintenance

and Other Canal Projects. The various functions are divided among a number of operating bureaus within the Canal agency. TRANSIT OPERATIONS

Daily average transits by oceangoing vessels decreased from the 38.7 per day during fiscal year 1982 to 32.5 per day during fiscal year 1983. Average

time in Canal waters decreased from 33.0 hours in fiscal year 1982

to 20.1 hours in fiscal year 1983.

Percent Percent

Vessels of total Vessels of total of 600-foot oceangoing of 80-foot oceangoing

Fiscal year length and over transits beam and over transits 1983 4,157 35.1 5,869 49.5 1982 5,534 39.1 7,226 51.1 1981 4,855 34.7 6,364 45.5 1980 4,598 33.8 6,089 44.7 1979 4,089 31.3 5,503 42.1 The number of vessels transiting at more than 36-foot drafts decreased

31.9 percent during FY 1983 with 1,715 vessels transiting the Canal

compared to 2,517 last year. The maximum allowable draft varied

between 36 feet and 39 feet 6 inches during the six-month period of

February-August of this fiscal year. Total jobs performed by Commission tugs decreased from 45,687 in fiscal year 1982 to 35,454 in fiscal year 1983.

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 ' Oceangoing transits 1 1,846 14,142 Tug jobs: Balboa 24,044 30,879

Cristobal 1 1,410 14,808 Tug operating hours 57,249 7 1

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16 CANAL OPERATIONS

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 17 MAINTENANCE AND RELATED CANAL PROJECTS

Canal dredging activity was intensified this year in Gaillard Cut. The

Mamei Curve widening project, which was initiated in fiscal year 1977 and

which required the removal of approximately 2.7 million cubic yards of

material, was completed. When completed in early 1985, the channel

deepening project will lower the channel an additional three feet below

current levels, thus providing additional water necessary to meet

requirements during dry years while ensuring, with a high degree of

certainty, a year-round maximum draft of 39.5 feet. During the $4.0 million overhaul at Miraflores Locks, this fiscal year, miter gates 116, 117, 118, and 1 19 were overhauled. Commission employees

renewed miter and quoin bearing plates, pintle and jaw bushings, bottom

seals, strut arms, and anchor castings, and accomplished miscellaneous

repairs to walkways, and cathodic protection systems. Five towing

locomotives were overhauled this year. Ten are planned for next year. The

240- to 480-voltage conversion project continues. Conversions at Miraflores

and Pedro Miguel Locks have been completed, and the Gatun conversion is in progress. With the completion of the High Mast Lighting project at Pedro

Miguel Locks this year, pilots can handle wide-beamed vessels for a few more hours per day at all locks. Repair of locks locomotive tow track

systems continued during fiscal year 1983. A $3.7 million contract was awarded to a private contractor for construction of a Tug/ Miter Gate Repair Facility at the Commission's

Industrial Division at Mount Hope. The contract was for assembly and the

Civil Works part of a $6 million project which consists of constructing a marine lifting table with a net effective lifting capacity of 750 tons, hoisting

equipment, two finger piers, and a 400-foot-long work area; and of

providing appurtenant specialized equipment. The 72-foot by 160-foot

lifting table is suspended from the finger piers by ten electrically operated

hoists. This installation will replace the Industrial Division's old and

undersized Marine Railway No. 2, and will permit work to be done on

vessels "in the dry" without occupying the limited capacity of the drydock.

After completion, all Commission floating equipment, except the Dredge

Christensen, Floating Crane Hercules, and the two floating caissons will be

maintained at Mount Hope with considerable personnel support cost

savings.

Progress continued on construction of the vessel tie-up station one mile

north of Pedro Miguel Locks. However, due to contractor-labor problems,

the project is approximately one year behind the original schedule. The southeast and southwest lower wing wall knuckles at Miraflores

Locks had 100-inch pneumatic tire fenders installed on vertical shafts. Because of extreme tidal range, a set of three tires with vertical spacing was

used. Work is in progress to install similar fenders on the upper wing walls

at Gatun where a set of two tires is used. The fenders turn and recede upon
18 CANAL OPERATIONS

impact, the vertical shaft ends slide on phenolic surfaces. Reduction of ship

and lock-wall damage is the purpose of this improvement. In fiscal year

1983, $1,284,859 was spent on knuckle fender installation. Following two-step formal advertising procedures, a $1.1 million contract was awarded to a contractor to replace the electric power system's

obsolete Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system with

a modern computerized system. The new system will monitor 332 telemetry

points as well as the status of 904 electrical devices and alarms. It will control 580 devices, including generators, circuit breakers, and transformer

under load tap-changers at 20 remote terminal sites. This $1.5 million

project is scheduled for completion in fiscal year 1985. The new system will provide the power system dispatcher with improved emergency reaction

capability, as well as with real-time information for more efficient operation

of the entire electric power generating and transmission system.

The Mount Hope gas turbine was overhauled to improve its reliability to generate peaking power as needed, and the third hydroelectric generator at the Madden Dam Power Plant was rewound and uprated to increase its capacity from 8,000 KW to 12,000 KW. Completion of this project at Madden Plant uprates the capacity of the entire station from 24,000 KW to 36,000 KW of hydroelectric power, thereby reducing total power generating costs and increasing base generating capacity during years when

rainfall permits.

Flood control, severe weather monitoring, and reservoir management

capabilities were enhanced with the installation of an S-Band Radar, part

of a contract to install an improved weather serveillance system. The radar was installed in May 1983 and has been operational since early June. With

the radar in its present operational status, the Meteorological and Hydrographic Branch has altered its flood control procedures to operationally

accept an increase of l / 2-{°°1 m Gatun Lake level without endangering the

locks. The impact of the higher lake levels will result in decreasing the

potential of draft restrictions during dry season and, possibly, in allowing more hydroelectric power generation at Gatun Dam.

By early 1983, severe drought conditions required the Commission to

restrict vessel draft, and to curtail the production of hydroelectric power.

Panama's Institute of Hydraulic Resources and Electrification (IRHE) also

felt the impact of the drought and had to impose brown-outs in many areas of the Republic. In an effort to mitigate the drought condition, the Commission, with participation by IRHE, entered into an interagency

agreement with the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for emergency cloud

seeding for a 90-day period. Although the effects of the cloud seeding were

not scientifically quantifiable, the project did contribute positively toward

increasing the allowable ships' draft from 38 '/ 2 feet to 39 feet about three weeks sooner, and a return to the normal maximum draft of 39'/ 2 feet about 10 days sooner than if the Commission had not undertaken the

project.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 19

Commission Marine Traffic Controllers are being provided with a closed

circuit television (CCTV) system in order to improve their vessel sur- veillance along the critical sections of the Canal. Ten of eighteen cameras

have been installed and ten of thirteen towers have been erected at selected

sites along the Canal. At the Marine Traffic Control Center, six of eight

large video monitors have been installed. This project is scheduled for completion in mid-1984.
20 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

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Chapter III

SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Supporting operations of the Panama Canal Commission provided

essential support services to the operation and maintenance of the water- way and the agency's facilities, as well as to other U.S. agencies on the Isthmus and to employees and their dependents. These operations included

logistical services, employee services, sanitation and grounds management,

transportation facilities, public utilities, fire protection, Canal protection, health and safety, and library services.

LOGISTICAL SERVICES

The Storehouse Division provided centralized procurement, inventory

management, warehousing, distribution, contract administration, supply

and property disposal support to Canal operations. Major contracting

activities included approximately $27.8 million in Bunker "C" fuel purchases

for thermoelectric generation, $6.5 million for light diesel, purchase of the fourth Alianza Class towboat for $2.1 million, $1.5 million purchase of a

split hull dump scow for dredging operations, $1.6 million for renewal of

hydro-turbine runners, $1.1 million electrical power system Supervisory

Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) System, and a $760,000 marine

lifting table for the Tug/ Miter Gate Repair Facility at Mount Hope.

The Storehouse Division's excess disposal activities included transfers to other U.S. Government agencies of equipment having an original acquisition value of approximately $828,000, while property sold to the Government of Panama at fair market value amounted to approximately $54,863.

The Commission continues to participate under the Military Sealift Command's contract out of the gulf port of New Orleans, LA. Approximately 14,500 measurement tons of containerized and breakbulk cargo were shipped to the Port of Balboa under the contract.

21
22 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

COMMUNITY SERVICES

During fiscal year 1983, the Commission managed housing, other

Commission-owned buildings, and recreational facilities for the agency, its employees and their dependents. The housing livability program, which

permits limited improvements with rental payback to housing retained for use by Commission employees, was continued, as were programs for

enhancing quarters security, quarters energy conservation and preventive

maintenance.

The Commission initiated a multiyear housing management plan to concentrate its housing requirements in selected housing areas. Implementation of the plan will enable the Commission to utilize housing and related maintenance resources in the most cost-effective manner while at the same

time allow the Commission to preserve optimum housing accommodations

for its eligible employees and to meet its responsibilities in accordance with

the Panama Canal Treaty and related agreements.

SANITATION AND GROUNDS MANAGEMENT

Fiscal year 1983 was an unusual year in regard to the Commission's

responsibility to control vectors of disease. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, a dangerous carrier of both yellow fever and dengue fever, which was last found in the Canal area in 1974, returned to reinfest housing areas near the shipping piers. Intensive control measures, coordinated with Government

of Panama vector control officials, promptly eradicated this infestation.

After 25 years of moving northward through the South American

continent following an accidental release in Brazil, Africanized honeybees

reached the Panama Canal in March 1982. Thus, fiscal year 1983 was the second year of efforts to control this aggresive insect for protection of

employees and local residents from risk of serious stinging incidents. Over

500 African bee swarms and nests were destroyed during the year in the

interest of public health, as well as to prevent the bees from being

accidentally transported by Canal shipping to uninfested world ports.

In the grounds care and vegetation control activity, a significant portion

of the utility line maintenance workload was accomplished by contract

forces for the first time in several years. A study of other grounds care program elements was begun to determine if the remaining workload could

successfully be accomplished by contract. Approximately 70,000 tons of refuse was received for disposal at the two

sanitary landfill sites operated by the Commission. Efforts to solve a problem of trespassers and concomitant health hazards were continued.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 23 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

The Motor Transportation Division operated and maintained a consolidated motor pool of 836 vehicles designed to meet the vehicular transportation requirements of the Commission. The vehicle fleet in fiscal year 1983

included 636 trucks of various types, 186 passenger-carrying vehicles,

and 14 special-purpose vehicles. Vehicle mileage decreased slightly from

7,961,000 miles in fiscal year 1982 to 7,501,000 miles in fiscal year 1983. Fully equipped shops, including a tire retreading plant and heavy duty

repair shops, provide facilities for overhauls, maintenance and repairs to the Motor Transportation Division fleet and equipment of other Commission units. In addition, some services were contracted out where they were available in required quantity and quality in Panama. The vehicle

inspection facilities located within the Motor Transportation Division

areas were used by the Government of Panama to conduct inspections of

privately-owned vehicles and by the Motor Transportation Division to perform Commission vehicle inspections.

PUBLIC UTILITIES AND ENERGY

Panama Canal Commission facilities include electric power generation

and distribution systems, communication systems, water purification and

distribution systems, and a central chilled water air-conditioning system for

certain public buildings on the Pacific side. Total Canal area energy demand during fiscal year 1983 was 567

gigawatt hours, a 1 .6 percent increase from the 558 gigawatt hours used last year. The peak hourly demand of 91 megawatts reached on April 4, 1983, was 2.2 percent above the peak of 89 megawatts in the prior year. Agencywide energy consumption in fiscal year 1983 for electrical power and fuel, calculated together in Btu's, was reduced a total of 25.6 percent in relation

to the fiscal year 1975 baseline established by the Federal Energy Management Program. Electrical power consumption by the Commission, 70.9 gigawatt hours, was 4.7 percent below the usage levels recorded for comparable operations in fiscal year 1975; fuel consumption excluding fuel for power generation, 4.4 million gallons, was 42.6 percent below the corresponding fiscal year 1975 baselines. The water treatment and distribution systems operated by the Commission provide potable water for the Canal area and areas of the Republic

of Panama. The Pacific side system serves the Canal area, Panama City,

and suburban areas; and the separate Atlantic side system serves the Canal

area, the city of Colon, and suburban areas. During fiscal year 1983, the two systems supplied 3,190 million cubic feet of potable water to consumers, an increase of about 3.8 percent over the previous year.
24 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Water Consumption by Areas

(Millions of cubic feet)

Fiscal year 1983 H

Canal Area 792 722 Panama City and suburbs 1 ,655 1,612 Colon and suburbs 743 740

Total 3, 190 3,074 The water provided to Panama City and suburbs in fiscal year 1983 was

2.7 percent above fiscal year 1982 consumption and averaged 33.9 million

gallons per day throughout fiscal year 1983. FIRE PROTECTION

The Panama Canal Commission Fire Division, in coordination with the Panama Fire Corps, is responsible for fire protection, firefighting, and

rescue operations in Canal operating areas, defense sites, civilian and

military areas of coordination, and shipboard firefighting on all vessels in Canal Area waters. During fiscal year 1983, there were 971 fires (excluding ships), causing a

loss of $233,262 as compared to 726 fires in fiscal year 1982 which resulted

in a loss of $390,455. There were 14 ship fires during this fiscal year versus

11 in the previous fiscal year. Ship fire losses in fiscal year 1983 were

$17,670 as compared to $2,813,155 the year before. CANAL PROTECTION

The Canal Protection Division provides a minimum essential level of

physical security for important installations and facilities of the Panama

Canal Commission through the prevention and detection of theft, pilfer- age, and sabotage; and the prevention of unauthorized use of Government

property, equipment and facilities. Division personnel are also responsible

for the Commission physical environmental protection function. During

fiscal year 1983, security system improvements (personnel, equipment,

and procedures) were planned for Commission installations. Training of

security personnel, a continuous function, was intensified. HEALTH AND SAFETY

During fiscal year 1983, the Panama Canal Commission's health and

safety organization underwent significant changes as a means of achieving

greater operating efficiency and cost effectiveness. In December 1982, the Office of Health and Safety was eliminated and the Occupational Health,

Safety and Veterinary Divisions were transferred to the Office of

Personnel Administration. Concurrently, the Personnel Director was

appointed as the Designated Agency Safety and Health Official. The

Personnel Director also assumed responsibility for overseeing and

establishing policy for the agency's environmental sanitation program. The
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 25

Veterinary Division was disestablished at the end of December and

responsibility for food-inspection services was transferred to the Sanitation

and Grounds Management Division of the General Services Bureau, while

responsibility for zoonotic disease control and related inspections of

transiting vessels was assumed by the Government of Panama.

In its expanded role, the Office of Personnel Administration is responsible for the agency's occupational health, industrial hygiene, and

safety programs. The office maintains close liaison with the U.S. Army

Medical Department Activity (MEDDAC), Panama on all matters

pertaining to the health care provided to Commission employees, their dependents and others sponsored by the agency. The office also maintains

liaison with components of the Department of Defense, other elements of

the U.S. Government, and appropriate officials and organizations of the Government of Panama relative to health matters. Work-place safety, employee safety training, and accident prevention

continued to receive management emphasis at all levels in the organization.

During fiscal year 1983, the Commission experienced 761 performance of

duty accidents in which the injured employee required medical attention

beyond first aid, as compared to 817 such accidents in fiscal year 1982. There were no fatal accidents in fiscal year 1983 compared to four the previous fiscal year.

LIBRARY SERVICES

The Library Services Branch of Community Services Division is responsible for providing mission-support information and research to the Panama Canal Commission, maintaining a special collection of library and

three-dimensional materials relating to the history of the Panama Canal,

and providing limited general library service to Commission employees and

their dependents, U.S. Forces and their dependents, and to the extent

possible, other Isthmian residents. The circulation index decreased from 1,942.9 in fiscal year 1982 to 1,016.6 in fiscal year 1983. The reference index decreased from 9.4 in fiscal year 1982 to 8.6 in fiscal year 1983. Total items in the library decreased

from 246,700 to 239,900.

Chapter IV

ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

PERSONNEL

FORCE EMPLOYED AND RATES OF PAY

At the end of fiscal year 1983, the total Isthmian force of the Commission was 8,344 compared to 8,363 employees in fiscal year 1982. Of the

total in 1983, 7,745 were full-time permanent and 599 were part-time and

temporary. In addition, there was one military officer assigned to the Commission on the Isthmus. Thirteen persons, all U.S. citizens, were employed by the Commission in New Orleans and Washington, D.C.

Approximately 77 percent of the total Isthmian force was comprised of

Panamanians; 3 percent of third country nationals; and the remaining 20

percent of U.S. citizens. Rates of pay were based on a Canal Area Wage

Base for occupational categories normally filled by recruitment on the Isthmus prior to the treaty effective date of October 1, 1979, and on a U.S. Wage Base for positions normally filled by recruitment from the United

States prior to that date. The New Wage System for employees hired

locally, on or after October 1, 1979, was revised April 3, 1983, increasing

the rates for non-manual grade 9 and manual grades 10 and above to U.S. Wage Base rates. On that same date, the Critical Skills Wage Base for employees hired into critical skill occupations after October 1, 1979 was

eliminated. The following table shows the Commission civilian permanent

full-time Isthmian work force by citizenship and wage base.

NonFiscal Year 1983 U.S. U.S. Total Canal Area Wage Base 98 3,258 3,356 U.S. Wage Base 1,435 1,915 3,350 New Wage Base 65 974 1,039 Total 1.598 6,147 7,745 The total Commission payroll was $170.4 million in fiscal year 1983

compared to $176.7 million in fiscal year 1982. Of the total Commission

fiscal year 1983 payroll, $101.8 million was paid to non-U. S. -citizen employees and $68.6 million to U.S.-citizen employees.

27
28 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM

Between fiscal years 1982 and 1983, the total number of EEO complaints

filed remained essentially unchanged. A minor increase in the number of U.S. complaints and a minor decrease in the number of Non-U.S. complaints were noted as follows:

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 ' United States 4 3 Non-United States K) 12 Total 14 15

Generally, employees alleged disparate treatment in appointment and

promotion actions. On September 16, 1983, the Assistant Secretary of Army for Civil Works

approved a collective bargaining agreement between the Commission and

the Maritime/ Metal Trades Council (AFL-CIO). This agreement covers employees in the nonprofessional bargaining unit (approximately 7,400

employees). The agreement permits members of the bargaining unit to raise allegations of discrimination through the grievance procedure in the agreement. For non-U.S. citizens, the formal administrative appeal

procedure is replaced by an abbreviated investigative procedure intended to mesh with the time limits established in the negotiated grievance procedure.

For U.S. citizens in the unit, the statutory appeals procedure is an option in

lieu of the negotiated grievance procedure. U.S.- and non-U. S. -citizen employees not covered by negotiated agreements and applicants for employment may continue to file EEO complaints under the statutory

procedure or the Agency's administrative procedure, respectively.

Between fiscal year's 1982 and 1983, there were negligible variations in the Isthmian permanent work force composition on the basis of sex as follows:

Fiscal year 1983 Fiscal year 1982 Female ' 791 (10.1%) ' ' 785 (10.1%) Male 7.051 (89.9%) 6,955 (89.9%)

The continued trend in the increasing number of Panamanians in the work

force was noted as follows:

Fiscal vear 1983 Fiscal rear 1982 United States 1,646 (21.0%) 1,705 (22.0%) Panama 5,966 (76.0%) 5,876 (75.0%)

Third Country Nationals 230 (3.0%) 254 (3.0%)

Employment statistics for the fiscal year 1983 reflected continued

compliance by the Commission with Treaty mandates.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 29 PUBLIC AFFAIRS

During fiscal year 1983, the Office of Public Affairs continued to expand

and improve agency communications with the local and international

media. Strong emphasis was placed on creating close relations with local news media (press, television, radio, and publications) and in participating

in exhibits, symposiums, and seminars in the Republic of Panama and

abroad. The Office of Public Affairs also continued to expand its contacts with the world maritime industry and dedicated considerable effort towards

increasing Panama Canal Commission participation in international

conferences and shipping exhibitions. Two new presentations were created

this year and put into use in internationally-based forums in London,

England and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Both emphasized the Canal's efforts to provide its customers with safe, efficient transit service, while at the same

time striving to maintain and improve the waterway to ensure its maximum

operational effectiveness. During the year, the office handled 288,435 visitors at Miraflores and

Gatun Locks and conducted 809 tours of the locks facilities. Among the

visitors were numerous representatives of the international press, and

representatives of television and the motion picture industry involved in making documentaries about the Canal.

OMBUDSMAN

The Office of the Ombudsman, established by the Implementing Legislation for the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, continued to respond to employee and dependent complaints, grievances, and requests for in- formation. Generally, complaints required the Ombudsman to investigate

administrative problems, inefficiencies, omissions, and policy conflicts caused within the Panama Canal Commission and other U.S. Government

agencies on the Isthmus as a result of the treaty. However, the widest latitude possible was applied to consideration of problems affecting employee

morale and quality of life. During fiscal year 1983, over 3,043 requests for information and/ or

assistance were recorded by the Ombudsman. As in the previous year, the majority of the Ombudsman's work concerned Commission employees and

those employees who were transferred with their functions from the Panama

Canal Company/ Canal Zone Government to the Department of Defense.

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

On October 20, 1981, the Federal Labor Relations Authority (FLRA),

Region VI, certified the unions which had won the self-determination elec- tion held earlier in the year. The unions certified by the FLRA to represent

Commission bargaining units were as follows: the Maritime/ Metal Trades

Council, AFL-CIO (a union coalition consisting of the National Maritime

Union of America, the International Organization of Masters, Mates and
30 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Pilots, and the Metal Trades Council) representing both a professional and

non-professional bargaining unit; the Marine Engineers Beneficial

Association, District No. 1 —Pacific Coast District representing a licensed

marine engineer unit; and the International Association of Fire Fighters,

Local 13, representing a firefighting unit. These four bargaining units,

together with the Panama Canal pilot unit, which is represented by the International Organization of Masters, Mates and Pilots, comprise the total organized labor structure of the Panama Canal Commission pursuant to Federal Service Labor-Management Relations Statute, 5 U.S.C. Chapter

71. Based upon May 1983 data (including temporary employees),

approximately 95 percent of the work force were represented by labor

unions.

Bargaining commenced on the non-professional contract on January 21,

1982 and culminated in an agreement which became effective on September 16, 1983. Negotiations on the licensed marine engineer contract, which

began on April 6, 1982, produced an agreement which became effective on

October 6, 1982. Bargaining on the firefighter contract started on

September 20, 1982; that agreement became effective on April 7, 1983. Negotiations on the professional unit contract commenced on March 9, 1982, but were suspended on May 12, 1983 due to the filing of a

decertification petition by a member of the bargaining unit. A new labor

organization, the National Federation of Professional Employees

(Panama), intervened, and the Federal Labor Relations Authority is scheduled to conduct an election early in fiscal year 1984.
Chapter V

FINANCIAL REPORT

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1983

The Panama Canal Commission is an appropriated fund agency of the Executive Branch of the United States Government provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, and established by the Panama Canal Act

of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70). The Commission is expected to recover, through tolls and other revenues, all costs of operating and maintaining the Canal, including interest, depreciation, capital for plant replacement,

expansion and improvements, and payments to the Republic of Panama

for public services and annuities pursuant to paragraph 5 of Article III and

paragraphs 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII, respectively, of the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. Revenues from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the United States Treasury in an account known as the Panama Canal

Commission Fund. Appropriations for operating expenses and capital

improvements are enacted annually by the Congress and are limited to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund. The Commission's accounts are kept on an accrual basis of accounting in accordance with generally

accepted accounting principles, while the status of appropriated funds is determined on a funded (obligation-incurred) basis. The financial statements of the Panama Canal Commission, appearing

as Tables 1 through 6, with accompanying notes, present the financial

position of the Commission at September 30, 1983, and the results of its operations for the fiscal year then ended.

The accounts and statements of the Panama Canal Commission have

been examined by the General Auditor of the Commission and are subject

to examination by the United States General Accounting Office. Detailed

audit reports of the United States General Accounting Office are directed

to the Congress and are presented as Congressional documents.

31
32 FINANCIAL REPORT

Summary information concerning operating results and capital expenditures follows: RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net loss from operations amounted to $4. 1 million. This amount will be

recovered from subsequent revenues as required by section 1602(b) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70).

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

Accrued capital expenditures for fiscal year 1983 amounted to $21.7

million. The principal expenditures were $3.3 million for replacement of

dump scows, $2.3 million for navigational improvements, $1.4 million for replacement of launches and launch engines, $1.3 million for improvements

of the wingwall knuckle fendering systems, $1.3 million for construction of

a ship tie-up station, and $0.9 million for marine railway replacement

project.

34 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 1.— Balance Sheet

Assets

'^McosUNote Tc?. E

.QU

.'.PMEN

!

: $869,818,221 $853,3.4,309

Less accumulated depreciation and valuation allow- ances (Notes le, 2 and 3) 402,676,579 386,676,308

467,141,642 466,638,001

Current Assets: Cash and fund balances (Notes 4 and 5): Deposit funds and undeposited receipts: ,„,„ ,,-, ,*,

Postal fund 150,65/ 10/, I Li TrSfund :::::::::: 1,132,860 1,015,983 Cash receipts for deposit into U.S. Treasury 282,793 576,536

1,574,310 1,760,242

UnC PpettmgTuX

ated

. fUndS: 45.222,2.7 74,440,0.3 cS funds 28,517,883 21,424,1 15 EXgencyfund:::: '0,000,000 IMQQ^QQ

83,740,100 105,864,128 85,314,410 107,624,370

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $50,612, for fiscal year 1982 |11U1U, Q Q87 a7 , (N otc |f) 11,043,545 9,987,875 Other receivables (Note 7) 826,867 826^867

11,870,412 10,814,742

Inventories, less allowance for obsolete and excess stock

of $750,154 and $800,000, respectively (Note lg) . . . 42,010,283 34,580,616

Other current assets 354^383 203_J37

139,549,488 153,223,465

Other Assets: ^Tost of

a

efrly retirement benefits (Note lh) 312,960,000 332,520,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees of

predecessor agencies (Note lh) ,0<1TM'2°2 ' ''?f2'5S2 /ner

6 612,319 816,426

324,348,319 345,276,426 Unrecovered costs due from subsequent revenues

(Notes lb and 8) 4,132,804 328,481,123 345,276,426

Total Assets $935,172,253 $965,137,892
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 35

September 30, 1983 and 1982

Liabilities 1983 1982 Investment of the United States Government:

Invested capital: Interest-bearing (9.885% and 9.178%, respectively) (Note 9) $ 108,905,590 $89,763,345

Non-interest-bearing 268,748,245 258,511,310

377,653,835 348,274,655 Current budgetary accounts (Note 4): Obligated operating funds 45,222,217 74,440,013 Obligated capital funds 18,031,685 15,705,670 Unobligated capital funds 10,486,198 5,718,445 Unobligated emergency fund 10,000,000 10,000,000 83,740,100 105,864,128 461,393,935 454,138,783 Current Liabilities: Accounts payable: U.S. Government agencies (Note 10) 3,914,323 22,808,314 Government of Panama 6,205,923 7,090,498 Other 4,708,282 6,197,843

14,828,528 36,096,655 Accrued liabilities: Employees' leave 38,075,806 36,427,154

Salaries and wages 6,124,362 5,624,977 Cost of early retirement benefits (Note lh) 19,560,000 19,560,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees of

predecessor agencies (Note 1 h) 1 ,364,000 1 ,483,000 Employees' repatriation 1 ,457,000 1 ,743,000 Ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 11) 9,818,560 11,032,030 Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note 12) 378,635 Other 2,432,361 2,027,612 78,832,089 78,276,408 Other current liabilities: Unfunded ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 11). 17,890,038 20,553,489 Advances for capital-unexpended (Notes Id and 13) 13,231,035 11,379,967 Other 1,114,088 916,418

32,235,161 32,849,874

125,895,778 147,222,937 Deferred Credit: Advances for capital being amortized (Notes Id, 6d and 13) 14,437,009 11,956,238 Long-Term Liabilities and Reserves:

Cost of early retirement benefits (Note lh) 293,400,000 312,960,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies (Note lh) 9,412,000 10,457,000 Employees' repatriation 10,200,000 10^998^000 Lock overhauls (Note li) 7,607,574 8,294,198 Casualty losses (Notes Ij and 14) 12,825,957 9,1 10,736 333,445,531 351^819,934 Total Liabilities $935,172,253 $965,137,892

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 37

Table 2.— Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1983 and 1982

1VM 1982 Operating Revenues:

Tolls (Note lb) $287,791,023 $325,589,097 Advances for capital (Note Id) (4,078,000) (681,000) Net tolls revenue 283,713,023 324,908,097

Other 11 1,417,549 1 12,946,382 Advances for capital (Note 13) (1,173,549) (5,870,015) Net other revenue 110,244,000 107,076,367

Total operating revenue 393,957,023 431,984,464

Operating Expenses:

Payments to the Government of Panama (Note 12): Public services 10,000,000 10,000,000 Fixed annuity 10,000,000 10,000,000 Tonnage 51,190,136 61,193,887

71,190,136 81,193,887

Maintenance of channels and harbors 35,970,930 45,203,812 Navigation service and control 72,452,357 79,067,472 Locks operation 45,641,090 45,998,340 General repair, storehouse, engineering and mainte- nance services 9,625,198 1 1,305,378 Transportation and utilities 42, 1 04,53

1

36,403,300 Housing operations 8,871,031 8,136,555 General and administrative (Note 15) 69,126,899 72,226,412

Interest on interest-bearing investment (Note 9) 9,943,192 9,123,826 Other 33,164,463 42,029,589

Total operating expenses 398,089,827 430,688,571

Net Operating Revenue (Loss) (Notes lb, 8 and 12) (4,132,804) 1,295,893

Invested Capital Non-Interest-Bearing:

Unrecovered costs (recovered) deferred (Notes lb and 8) 4,132,804 (917,258) Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note 12) (378,635) Investment at beginning of fiscal year 258,51 1,310 249,101,935 Miscellaneous receipts deposited into the U.S. Treasury 576,536 368, 145 Due U.S. Treasury for undeposited receipts (282,793) (576,536)

Plant reactivations 493,940

Interest on interest-bearing investment (Note 9) 9,943,192 9,123,826

Invested Capital-Non-Interest-Bearing at End of

Fiscal Year $268,748,245 $258,511,310

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
38 FINANCIAL REPORT

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40 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 4.— Statement of Changes in financial Position

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1983 and 1982

1983 1982 Source of Funds:

Fr0I R?ve

enua

e

t,0n

!

: $393,957,023 $431,984,464

Less operating expenses: „„.,,,„ on, su

Interest on interest-bearing investment 9,943,19.2 y,lli,*zt> Pa$?tel2)

t0 thC G°Vernment

°

f

. Pana.ma

71,190,136 81,193,887 otWr expenses'.: ::::::::: 316,956,499 340,370,858 Total operating expenses 398,089,827 430,688,571

Net operating revenue (loss) (Notes lb, 8 and 12) (4,132,804) 1,295,893 Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1981 (recovered) deferred (Notes lb and 8) (917,258) Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Notes lb, Sand 12) :AAi m ili ,mm i (378,635) Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1983 deferred (Notes lb, 8 and 12) 4,132,804 Add transactions not requiring outlay of funds: .....„, , fl „ . n

_„ Depreciation (Note le) 'HI1'TM£ 'I'JJl'nnn Provision for lock overhauls Note li) f'?ft'R22 ,3'3nn 8nn

Provision for casualty losses (Note lj) fAiZ'Sm 'Ira'nrK

Other 1,970,819 6,454,007 27,956,903 40,952,077 Change in investment of the U.S. Government: il|a1 Q ir, fi -.

Interest on interest-bearing investment „„sffi'i?5, < A aK 'Jio'SiS^ Receipts deposited into US. Treasury QfiMMk { \^\fA\^

Disbursements from appropriated funds 446,006,200 403,774,533 Repayment to the U.S. Treasury of the fiscal Net

ep;oP

9

e8

rtya

tPrrnsFe"s t,0n ^\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \

\

^O^o '

' (231,082)

Sfher ":"•.:" 293|744 285,548

29,379,181 (29,246,391) Amortization of advances for capital 919,711 Advances for capital being amortized (Notes Id, 6dandl3) 2,480,771 1

1 ,956,238

Total source of funds 60,736,566 23,661,924

Application of Funds: caaaati -*?I4RS1 Lock overhauls expenditures 5'Sm'im i

i

'iaa rm

Casualty losses ^ni'ioi JJ'ont'w

Accrued capital expenditures 21,704,598 24,903,322

Total application of funds 30,959,355 40,406,198 Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital $29,777,2 11_ $(16,744,274)

Analysis of Changes in Working Capital:

Increase (decrease) in current assets: „...,.. , -,.,,) ra<th $ (185,931) $ 26,439

Receivables 1 ,055,670 (1 ,665,437) Inventories 7 429,667 5.703,715 other ::::::::::::::::: i5o,646 osy^

8,450,052 (7,499,049) Decrease (increase) in current liabilities: Accounts payable 2\26%iri ^S^SO

Accrued liabilities Q&&V (3/offiof

Other 614,713 (998,421) 21,327,159 (9,245,225) Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital $ 29,777,21 1_ $(16,744,274)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 42

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1983 and 1982

1983 1982 Source of Appropriations:

Operating funds: Current year operating appropriation $405,378,634 $400,754,000

Obligated operating funds brought forward:

Fiscal year 1980 23,684,912 27,699,623

Fiscal year 1981 5,623,556 31,733,726

Fiscal year 1982 45,131,545

74,440,013 59,533,349

479,818,647 460,187,349

Capital funds: Current year capital appropriation (no year) .... 29,024,000 19,766,000

Obligated capital funds brought forward:

Fiscal year 1980 358,549 4,162,768

Fiscal year 1981 4,618,448 13,208,244

Fiscal year 1982 10,728,673

15,705,670 17,371,012

Unobligated capital funds (no year) brought forward:

Fiscal year 1980 599,957 1,288,708

Fiscal year 1981 845,934 6,815,438

Fiscal year 1982 4,272,554

5,718,445 8,104,146

50,448,115 45,241,158

Emergency fund (no year) 10,000,000 10,000,000

Total Source of Appropriations $540,266,762 $515,428,507
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 43

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1983 and 1982

Application of Appropriations:

Operating funds: Expenditures from operating appropriations:

Repayment to the U.S. Treasury of the fiscal year 1980 appropriation lapsed

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 1 98 1 Fiscal year 1 982

Fiscal year 1 983

Obligated operating funds:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1982

Fiscal year 1983

Unbligated operating funds lapsed

Capital funds: Expenditures from capital appropriations:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1 982

Fiscal year 1983

Obligated capital funds:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 1 98 1 Fiscal year 1982

Fiscal year 1983

Unbligated capital funds (no year): Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1982

Fiscal year 1983

Unobligated emergency fund (no year)

Total Application of Appropriations .

.

$28,200,421

21,121,981

2.830,821 38,274,112 333,648,633

$ 4,927,818 26,279,322 348,750,350

424,075,968 379,957,490

2,543,398

3,424,423 4,717,168

34,537,228

23,684,912

5,623,556 45,131,545

45,222,217 74,440,013

10,520,462 5,789,846

479,818,647 460,187,349

483,026

3,088,345

11,799,504 6.559,357

4,492,971 14,559,299 4,764,773

21,930,232 23,817,043

273,632

2,058,558 924,503

14,774,992

358,549

4,618,448

10,728,673

18,031,685 15,705,670

201,848 317,480

2,277,219

7,689,651

599,957 845,934

4,272,554

10,486,198 5,718,445

50,448,115 45,241,158

10,000,000 10,000,000

$540,266,762 $515,428,507

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
44 FINANCIAL REPORT

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 45 NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Comptroller General of the United States approved the Accounting

Principles and Standards Statement of the Panama Canal Commission in his letter dated September 14, 1982. A summary of significant accounting

policies follows:

a. Accounting and reporting. As required by section 1311(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979, hereinafter referred to as the Act, the accounts of

the Commission are maintained pursuant to the Accounting and Auditing Act of 1950. This requires that the principles, standards and related requirements for accounting be met, as prescribed by the Comptroller

General of the United States, after consulting with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget

concerning their accounting, financial reporting and budgetary needs. The

Accounting and Auditing Act of 1950 also requires that the accounts be

maintained on an accrual basis.

b. Cost recovery. As required in section 1341(e)(1) of the Act, the application of generally accepted accounting principles to the Panama

Canal Commission, a United States Government agency comparable to a

rate-regulated public utility, determines the manner in which costs are recognized. The basis for tolls rates is prescribed in section 1602(b) of the Act. This section of the Act, known as the "statutory tolls formula," provides

that:

"Tolls shall be prescribed at rates calculated to produce revenues

to cover as nearly as practicable all costs of maintaining and

operating the Panama Canal, together with the facilities and

appurtenances related thereto, including unrecovered costs incurred on or after the effective date of this Act, interest, depreciation, payments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to para- graph 5 of Article III and paragraph 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII of

the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, and capital for plant replacement, expansion, and improvements. Tolls shall not be prescribed

at rates calculated to produce revenues sufficient to cover pay- ments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to paragraph 4(c) of

Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977." Under this statutory tolls formula, any unrecovered costs are to be

recovered from subsequent revenues. The amount for recovery from

subsequent revenues is transferred from Invested Capital to an account

within the Other Assets classification. Unrecovered costs are charged back

to Invested Capital to the extent subsequent annual revenues exceed annual

costs.
46 FINANCIAL REPORT

c. Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost or, if acquired from another Government agency, at the value determined by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.

Administrative and other related general expenses are recovered currently

and therefore not capitalized. The cost of minor items of property, plant and

equipment is charged to expense as incurred.

d. Advances for capital. A portion of tolls in excess of depreciation

recoveries may be programmed annually by the Board of Directors for plant

replacement, expansion, or improvements. Such funds are considered

capital advances from Canal users. Upon utilization, these advances are amortized through an offset to depreciation expense in an amount

calculated to approximate the depreciation on assets acquired with such

advances.

e. Depreciation. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated over

their estimated service lives at rates computed using a straight-line method

with additional annual depreciation, identified as composite, to provide for premature plant retirements.

f. Accounts receivable. Uncollectible accounts receivable of the Panama Canal Commission are recognized as a reduction in revenue when

written off. Any subsequent collections of Commission accounts receivable

previously written off are recorded as revenue. The allowance for doubtful accounts which appeared on the Commission books at September 30, 1982, was applicable only to the receivables of predecessor agencies.

g. Inventories. Operating materials and supplies are stated at average

cost, plus cost of transportation to the ultimate destination on the Isthmus of

Panama. An allowance has been established to reflect the estimated cost of

obsolete and excess stock.

h. Retirement benefits. Employer payments to the contributory United

States Civil Service Retirement System and to the Republic of Panama

Social Security System are charged to expense. The Commission has no

liability for future payments to employees under these systems.

Non-United States citizen employees who retired from predecessor

agencies prior to October 5, 1958, are not covered by the United States Civil Service Retirement System but do receive benefits under a separate annuity

plan. Payments made under this annuity plan are recorded as a current year

expense. The liability of the Commission for future annuity payments to these former employees or their eligible widows is reflected in the balance

sheet as "Retirement Benefits to Certain Former Employees of Predecessor

Agencies" and an equal amount is recorded as a Deferred Charge.

As required by the Act, the Panama Canal Commission is liable for the increase in the unfunded liability of the Unites States Civil Service

Retirement Fund which is attributable to benefits payable from that fund to, or on behalf of, employees and their survivors under the early retirement

provisions of the Act. The annual installment to liquidate the increased

liability is determined by the Office of Personnel Management.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 47

i. Reserve for lock overhauls. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of periodic lock overhauls.

j. Reserve for casualty losses. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of marine accidents and other

casualty losses.

k. Housing use rights. No monetary value is assigned to the rights

granted to the United States Government by the Republic of Panama to use Canal Area housing transferred to the Republic of Panama under the terms

of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The cost to manage, maintain and

provide livability improvements to these quarters is charged to expense. Rental income is included in other revenues.

2. Plant Valuation Allowances.

At July 1, 1951, certain valuation allowances for property, plant and

equipment transferred from the Panama Canal (agency) to the Panama

Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government were established, to reduce to usable value the costs of the assets transferred. At October 1, 1979, such valuation allowances as were applicable to the assets transferred from the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone

Government to the Panama Canal Commission were carried forward. At

September 30, 1983 and at September 30, 1982, these valuation allowances

amounted to $99.3 million comprised of: (a) $5.6 million to reduce to usable value the cost of property, plant and equipment transferred; (b)

$50.9 million to offset interest costs imputed for the original Canal

construction period; and (c) $42.8 million to offset the cost of defense

facilities and suspended construction projects, the latter being principally the partial construction of a third set of locks abandoned in the early part

of World War II. Property, plant and equipment offset by valuation allowances, when fully or partially reactivated, are reinstated by a reduction in the valuation

allowance and by an increase to the non-interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in proportion to the value to the Commission of

the reactivated asset.

3. Depreciation as a Percentage of Average Cost of Plant. The provision for depreciation, expressed as a percentage of average cost of depreciable plant exclusive of valuation allowances, was 2.55% for fiscal year 1983 and 2.49% for fiscal year 1982.

4. Cash and Fund Balances.

As of September 30, 1983, the cash and fund balances of $85,314,410 are made up of $80,72 1 ,975 on deposit in the United States Treasury, $ 1 ,647,360 on deposit in commercial banks, and $2,945,075 on hand. Of the total, $83,740,100 is comprised of current budgetary accounts which include

appropriated funds for operations, capital and the emergency fund.
48 FINANCIAL REPORT

As of September 30, 1982, the cash and fund balances of $107,624,370 were made up of $104,375,796 on deposit in the United States Treasury,

$2,02 1 ,770 on deposit in commercial banks, and $ 1 ,226,804 on hand. Of the

total, $105,864,128 was comprised of current budgetary accounts which

included appropriated funds for operations, capital and the emergency fund.

The emergency fund represents the amount on deposit in the United States Treasury which is to be used ". . . to defray emergency expenditures and to insure the continuous efficient and safe operation of the Panama Canal

when funds appropriated for the operation and maintenance of the Canal

prove insufficient for such purposes. . . ." The postal fund consists of outstanding money orders, postal savings and

interest accrued thereon. This fund will remain available until liquidated.

The trust fund primarily includes deposits made by customers for future

tolls, and other service payments.

5. Panama Canal Commission Fund.

The Panama Canal Commission Fund, as established by the Panama

Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), is made up of receipts deposited

in the United States Treasury less appropriation warrants issued during the

fiscal year. The balance in this account, $146.3 million as of September 30,

1983, and $143.9 million as of September 30, 1982, is available for future appropriations.

Section 1302 of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70)

provides that all appropriations necessary to operate the Panama Canal

shall be issued from the Panama Canal Commission Fund. The

appropriations for fiscal year 1980 were issued to the Commission from the General Fund of the United States Treasury. The status of the amount still owed to the General Fund of the United States Treasury for fiscal year 1980

is as follows:

Millions of Dollars Operating Appropriation $427.2

Capital Appropriation 36.6 $463.8

Repaid to General Fund (07/81) (350.0) Repaid to General Fund (12/82) (28.2) (378.2) Amount owed General Fund of U.S. Treasury as of September 30, 1983 $ 85.6

6. Accounting Changes.

a. "Unobligated operating funds to be returned to the U.S. Treasury" was deleted in fiscal year 1982. This change has no impact on the financial position or operating results of the Commission.

b. The cost of early retirement provisions of the Panama Canal Act of

1979 was added to the balance sheet in fiscal year 1982 as a liability of the Commission for future payments to the United States Civil Service

Retirement Fund and an equal amount was recorded as a Deferred Charge.

This change has no impact on the financial position or operating results of

the Commission.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 49

c. Effective with fiscal year 1982, there was a change in the method of

applying the accounting policy for dredging costs. The effect of this change was to increase expense and reduce the capital advance requirement. The

precise dollar magnitude of this change cannot be measured since these amounts were not isolated in the Commission's operating accounts. However, the change did not have any impact on net operating revenue. The

recurring costs of dredging the waterway are charged to expense. Nonrecurring dredging costs for substantial improvements and betterments to the waterway are considered additions to plant and are capitalized and

depreciated over their estimated service lives.

d. Amortization of Advances for Capital (see Note Id) was implemented

in fiscal year 1983 based on the following procedure: At the beginning of

each fiscal year, an amount equivalent to any capital advance funds

disbursed for plant replacement, expansion, or improvement during the previous fiscal year is reclassified and amortized over the average accounting

life of assets acquired in the fiscal year in which the funds were expended.

e. The intent of the lock overhauls reserve policy is to normalize costs

directly related to the periodic repair and maintenance of the locks. Repair

and maintenance costs of caissons, which are used exclusively for lock

overhauls, have increased dramatically in recent years. To minimize

significant fluctuations in results of operations, these costs are now charged

to the reserve. In fiscal year 1983, $754,136 for repair and maintenance of

caissons was charged to the reserve for lock overhauls.

7. Other Receivables.

Other receivables represent services provided in connection with ship

accidents for which the vessel is considered to be responsible awaiting final settlement. This amount is also included in the computation of estimated

liabilities established for ship accident claims.

8. Unrecovered Costs Due from Subsequent Revenues.

Pursuant to the provisions of section 1602(b) of the Panama Canal Act of

1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), the fiscal year 1983 net loss from operations of

$4.1 million was deferred as an unearned cost to be recovered from

subsequent revenues. Also, in accordance with section 1341(e) of that Act

such unearned costs must be deducted from any future net operating revenues due the Government of Panama.

Pursuant to the provisions of section 1341(e) and section 1602(b) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), the net loss of $0.9

million from fiscal year 1981 operations was recovered from fiscal year 1982

operating revenue and the net amount of $0.4 million was paid to the Government of Panama in fiscal year 1983.
50 FINANCIAL REPORT

9. Interest-Bearing Investment of the United States Government.

The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in the Panama Canal is determined based on section 1 603(a) of the Panama Canal

Act of 1979. The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government at September 30, 1983 and September 30, 1982, was determined

as follows:

Millions of Dollars Investment at September 30, 1981 $128.4

Fiscal year 1982 transactions: Disbursements $403.8

Receipts (440. 1

)

Net property transfers (2.3) Net change (38.6)

Investment at September 30, 1982 $ 89.8

Fiscal year 1983 transactions: Disbursements $446.0

Receipts (398.5) Repayment to United States Treasury of fiscal year 1980 lapsed funds (28.2) Net property transfers (0.2) Net change 19.1

Investment at September 30, 1983 $108.9

10. Accounts Payable— United States Government Agencies.

Included in the accounts payable to United States Government agencies

are ship accident and other claims in the amount of $19.1 million for fiscal year 1982 that were forwarded to the Department of Justice in Washington,

D.C. after reaching a settlement or receiving a judgment for approval for payment.

11. Ship Accident Claims.

Liabilities arising from ship accident claims are divided into fund and nonfund categories. The fund category is made up of the following:

a. Accidents which occurred prior to October 1, 1979.

b. Accidents which occurred within the locks after September 30, 1979.

c. Accidents which occurred outside the locks after September 30,

1979, for which the claim or estimated liability is $120,000 or less per

ship per accident.

Settlement of liabilities for ship accidents which occurred outside the locks where the claim exceeds $120,000 requires specific Congressional

approval. Until Congressional action is completed, liabilities for these accidents are booked as non-fund.

12. Payments to the Government of Panama.

Based on Article III and Article XIII of the Treaty, the Government of

Panama has received payment for public services, fixed annuity and thirty
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 51

cents per Panama Canal net ton. In addition to these payments, an amount

of $0.4 million was paid to the Government of Panama during fiscal year

1983 in accordance with paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII, which states that an

annual amount of up to $10 million will be paid out of operating revenues to the extent that such revenues exceed expenditures of the Commission. This

amount is subject to the limitations set forth in section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70).

13. Advances for Capital— Transit Booking System Fees. During fiscal year 1982, with approval of the Board of Directors, the Commission tested a system whereby shippers, for a fee, could make an

advance reservation for vessel transit. The test continued for approximately

four months generating funds of $5.9 million. The system was activated in

fiscal year 1983 and generated funds of $1.2 million. Such funds are considered capital advances from Canal users. By direction of the Board of

Directors, these fees are set aside for capital improvements.

14. Reserve for Casualty Losses. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1983 of $12.8 million

includes $12.5 million for marine accidents and $0.3 million for other

casualty losses. As a result of a management analysis of accident frequency

and severity, the regular monthly accrual of $0.8 million was adjusted

downward to recognize in the reserve account balance the decreased loss trend for larger vessels and the reduced potential loss exposure resulting

from the significant drop in overall transit levels. Accordingly, the reserve for marine accidents was adjusted during the fiscal year to maintain a balance of $12.5 million in the account. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1982 of $9.1 million

included $8.8 million for marine accidents and $0.3 million for other

casualty losses. The monthly accrual for the reserve for marine accidents in

fiscal year 1982 was $1.0 million per month for a total of $12.0 million.

15. Extraordinary Retirement.

During fiscal year 1982, the retirement of SIP-7 Emergency Gates and

Miter Gate Latching Devices was approved at the March 1982 meeting of the Board of Directors. The retirement of these systems was recommended by

the United States Army Corps of Engineers and reviewed by selected

specialists of the Panamanian Society of Engineers and Architects at the request of the Panamanian Board members. The specialists also recommended the elimination of these systems. The net amount charged to operations was $2.6 million.

16. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments.

In addition to recorded liabilities, the estimated maximum contingent

liability which could result from pending claims and lawsuits was $9.8

million at September 30, 1983 and$10.9 millionat September 30, 1982. In
52 FINANCIAL REPORT

the opinion of management and Commission counsel, these pending claims

and lawsuits will be resolved with no material adverse effect on the financial condition of the agency. Commitments under uncompleted construction contracts and unfilled purchase orders amounted to $30.8 million at September 30, 1983, and

$36.4 million at September 30, 1982. Of this amount, $0.2 million in unfilled purchase orders were prepaid as of September 30, 1983, and $0.1 million as of September 30, 1982. In addition, the Panama Canal Commission is liable for an indeterminable amount with respect to death and disability payments

under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act. Cash and negotiable securities of a kind acceptable by the United States Government in the amount of $6.5 million were held by United States depositories designated by the Panama Canal Commission at September 30, 1983 and $7.0 million at September 30, 1982 to guarantee

payment by third parties of their obligations.

The Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, Article XIII, paragraphic), provides

that an annual amount of up to $10 million per year be paid to the Government of Panama out of operating revenues to the extent that such

revenues exceed expenditures. Payment to the Government of Panama is subject to the limitations set forth in section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal

Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70). In the event operating revenues in any

year do not produce a surplus sufficient to cover this payment, the unpaid

balance shall be paid from operating surpluses in future years up to the amount available from these surpluses. As of September 30, 1983, the balance contingently payable to the Government of Panama amounts to $36.9 million. As of September 30, 1982, the balance contingently payable to

the Government of Panama amounted to $26.9 million.

17. Treaty Impact.

On September 7, 1977, the United States of America and the Government

of Panama signed the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The Treaty provided

for the establishment of the Panama Canal Commission on October 1, 1979,

to assume certain operational responsibilities for the Canal until December

31, 1999. When the Treaty terminates on December 31, 1999, the Government of Panama shall assume total responsibility for the management, operation, and maintenance of the Panama Canal, which shall be turned over in operating condition and free of liens and debts, except as the two Parties may otherwise agree. The effects of these long-range

requirements are not considered in the financial statements.
Chapter VI

STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics

53
54 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1974 Through 1983

Fiscal year

1974

1975 1976 •TQ

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981 1982

1983

1974

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978 1979

1980

1981 1982

1983

1974

1975 1976 •TQ

1977

1978 1979

1980

1981 1982

1983

1974

1975 1976 •TQ

1977

1978 1979

1980

1981 1982

1983

Traffic assessed tolls Traffic assessed tolls on displacement

Total traffic on net tonnage basis tonnage basis Number Long tons I Vumber Panama Number Displace- of of of Canal net of ment

transits Tolls cargo transits tonnage transits tonnage Oceangoing Commercial ' rRAFFIC1

14,033 5119,422,568 147,906,914 13,984 135,715,628 49 200,376

13,609 141,898,218 140,101,459 13,565 135,053,680 44 171,006

12,157 134,204,402 117,212,266 12,123 127,778,919 34 131,258 3,037 35,272,300 30,888,300 3,031 33,686,757 6 23,205

11,896 163,826,571 122,978,785 11,868 133,353,132 28 108,642

12,677 194,773,111 142,518,288 12,647 156,907,260 30 109,798

12,935 208,376,741 154,110,866 12,902 167,470,601 33 136,600

13,507 291,838,590 167,214,935 13,476 182,063,175 31 137,593

13,884 301,762,600 171,221,762 13,847 188,656,491 37 111.418

14,009 323,958,366 185,452,332 13,976 202,884,207 33 129,684

11,707 285,983,805 145,590,759 1 1 ,668 169,503,918 39 132,431

Oceangoing U.S. Government Traffic1

248 $1,831,535 1,748,963 218 2,021,966 30 142,807

170 1,376,797 526,497 148 1,287,777 22 122,953 85 727,983 177,508 68 641,137 17 87,728

18 166,779 55,383 13 118,300 5 65,025 88 805,983 212,677 59 577,483 29 165,148

103 889,093 291,115 70 589,085 33 214,145

111 1,054,169 357,482 80 726,755 31 207,640

101 1,515,326 396,48

1

73 844,748 28 217,055 89 1,241,442 301,776 68 705,936 21 143,121 110 1,546,746 285,451 67 794,282 43 309,206

125 1,721,925 354,873 77 812,840 48 350,699

Free Oceangoing Traffic 1 2

23 112

17

384

8

34

9

9

\FFIC 1

56,364 694

22,854

1,474 21,252

3,789 4,527

1,686 2,248 5,010 9,119

12

5 21

15

12

3

7145

27,244

7 10,400 38 5,635 41,655 4 1.800

13 380 10,380

5

I.I 00

10 1 2,194

6 4,810

II 8,544 23 21,903

14 2,504

INGOING TR/

5,986

Total Oce>

14,304 $121,254,103 149,655.877 14,213 137,793.958 91 370,427

13,786 143,275,015 140,627,956 13,715 136,342.151 71 304,359

12,280 134,932,385 117,395,409 12,208 128,442,910 72 260,641 3,059 35,439,079 30,943,683 3,047 33,806,531 12 90,030

11,997 164,632,554 123,191,842 11.935 133,951,867 62 284,170

12,785 195,662,204 142,809,403 12,721 157,500,134 64 325,043

13,056 209,430,910 154,468,349 12,990 168,201,883 66 346,434

13,614 293,353,916 167,611,416 13,552 182,909,609 62 359,458

13,984 303,004,042 171,523,538 13,919 189,364,675 65 263,083

14,142 325,505,112 185,737,783 14,052 203,683,499 90 460,793

11,846 287,705,730 145,948,136 11,754 170,325,877 92 489,116
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 55

Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1974 Through 1983 (Continued)

Total traffic Traffic assessed tolls on nei tonnage basis Number Panama

of Canal net

transits tonnage

\FFIC3 823 77,722 798 54,174 737 50,281 204 15,389 751 48,717 785 57,827 934 69,229 787 52,052 788 44,962 826 50,399 810 48,033

rRAFFIC3 30 905

27 1 ,023

18 1,159 4 481 22 953

25 1,446 48 2,865 29 1,357

16 751

12 415

12 332

;2 3

18 663

30 1,518

31 1,484

14 944

50 2,840 42 2,986 47 2,160

41 2,317

41 2,613 40 2,803 39 2,321

RAFFIC

15,084 137.873.248

14,570 136,398,866

12,994 128.495.834

3,269 33.823,345

12,758 134,004,377

13,573 157,562,393

14,019 168,276,137

14,409 182,965,335

14,764 189,413,001

14,930 203,737,116

12,615 170,376,563

Traffic assessed lolls on displacement tonnage basis

Fiscal year

1974

Number

of

transits

826

Tolls Small Comi

$62,376

52.684 49.314

24,785 39,960 63,526

76,591 74,898 65.604

73,228

73,887

[ALL U.S. GC

$3,312

4,729

6,168

1,613 12,851 9,504

14,375 15,129

10,712 10,757

11,406 Small Fi

Long tons of

cargo

HERCIAL TR,

23,496

7,939 6,866

1,236 2.820

6,962

7,718 787

1,355 928 669

(VERNMENT

'

Number

of

iransils

36

8

8

7

2

134

80

83

11832 255

162 267

247 209

229 230

1159 "4

2

86

9

18

17

185

165 20744

329

235

343 316

286

341 339

Displace- ment

tonnage

61 1 1975 1976 804

745

1,120

1 229 *TQ

1977 204

759 1 108 1978 792 1 040

1979 936 94

1980 788 57

1981 1982

791 830

279

315

1983 810

1974 Sw

110 110

13636 277

187 315

5 088

1975

1976

1 6.382

8 019 *TQ

1977 23 2,144

16 769

1978 1979

89

10,742

15,519 1980 . 276

, 225

14 313

1981 2 10,431 1982 241 10,973 1983 242 5

*ee Traffic

11.177

1974 29 917

1975 35 3150185 1976 .

.

40 701 *TQ

1977

1978

14 5444

5547

10 20

3

466

72

1979 1980

"otal Panan

$121,319,791

143,332,428 134,987,867 35,465,477

164,685,365 195,735,234 209,521.876

293,443,943

303,080,358 325,589,097

287,791,023

632 560

1981 50 1,012 1982 1983

5856

70

8

1A Canal T

149,679.373 140,635,927

117,402,325 30,944,942

123,194,672

142,816,393 154,476,079

167,612,203 171,524,895

185,738,781 145.948,818

1,172 2,010

1974

1

15,269 377,043

1975 14,735 312,046

1976 13,201 270,590 TQ

1977

3,313

13,087 92,174

302,513

1978 13,808 336,897

1979 14,362 362.679

1980 14,725 374,388

1981 15,050 274,805

1982 15,271 473,253

1983 1 2,954 502,303

'Oceangoing traffic includes ships of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement

tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.).

2 Free traffic includes ships of the Colombian and Panamanian Governments and ships transiting for repair by the Commission.

'Includes vessels under 300 net tons, Panama Canal measurement (or under 500 displacement tons for vessels assessed on displacement tonnage).

•Effective 10-1-76 the fiscal year for all U.S. Government agencies was changed from July I through June 30, to October I through September 30. For continuity purposes, July. August, and September 1976 were designated the Transition Quarter.
56 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 57

Table 3.— Canal Traffic' by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1983

Measured tonnage

Flag Argentina

Australia Austria Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia

Costa Rica Cuba

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

Egypt

Finland France Ghana

Greece Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Iraq . . . ." Ireland .

."

Israel

Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Malaysia Malta Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Norway Panama

People's Republic of China .

.

Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Republic of China (Taiwan) . Rumania

Saudi Arabia

Singapore South Africa South Korea

Spain

Sri Lanka Sweden

Switzerland Turkey

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United States USSR

Vanuatu

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Zaire Total

Number Panama

1 Long

of Canal Registered tons of

transits

1

net gross2 Tolls$3,295 660,562

cargo

15 380,957 460.882 211,718

2 45,554 53,688 79.720 36,523 20 255,501 303,233 444,940 329,685

51 1.084.038 1.281.913 1.848,925 1.316.523

10 110,521 108.357 165,970 9,743

10 85,110 106.700 148,942 61,070

32 253,354 323.074 432,765 112,049

16 97,459 121,343 165,831 78,768

16 131,700 158.667 225,001 120,327

5 10,716 11.856 19.344 14,832

112 1.282,436 1.408.953 2.196,417 1,508,319

141 1,924,545 2.148,547 3,287,920 1,309,372

3 2,841 2,976 4,252 59!

153 901,481 1,063.467 1.536,804 702,175

71 564,397 634,399 948.214 537,850

1 16,610 20,596 27,739 27,299 254 4.546,296 5.863,577 7,829,863 3,209,756

2 2,784 2,380 4.580 589

11 58,918 68,959 89,328 11,545 358 2,997,876 3,541,583 5,031,222 2,528.540

1 18,762 22,606 31.333 31.096

21 212,150 268,171 360.894 237,412

84 1,496.272 1 ,420,859 2,634,354 1.058,455

2 19,682 26,008 32,377 8,056 888 13,617,830 15.768,158 22.853,694 15.588,888

2 7,008 8,256 11.703 8.688 47 276,234 344,957 462,940 98,574

5 80,531 95,332 144.884 1 14.364 25 419,780 510,672 688,553 417,307

18 241,636 292,548 421,535 255,086

2 11,828 13,952 18.688 3,948 4 56,739 68,056 99.295 87,383

70 1,413,719 1,857,746 2,483,997 928.884

110 1,294.145 1,591,775 2,238,082 877,832

1,165 21,049.780 18,494,869 35.093.265 11,674.473

4 48,289 62,257 80,046 30.199

1.555 28.673,392 29.731.447 47,896,173 28,160.094

15 279,173 315.464 480.548 443.472

8 118,953 140.821 187,546 72,638 70 1.248.997 1.566.224 2,029,990 1.078.764

3 18.755 23.432 34,241 19.568 239 2.355.427 2.645.123 4,042,106 1,387.142

4 108.735 129.661 189.758 36.623

5 42,505 48,000 75.064 29,989 413 7,621.610 8.368,058 13,014,280 7,086,846

1,697 20.310.756 20,586,091 34,185,992 18,385,482

104 1,939,476 2,241,344 3,226,307 1,881.661 272 2.705,136 3,283,154 4,628.169 2.930.110

155 2,035,462 2,209,170 3,522,025 2,605.550 62 406,069 460,200 708,018 259,889

3 1,890 3,770 5,184 836

122 2,491.328 3,186,114 4,326.065 1.445,579

2 9,650 12,506 15.874 2,145

7 43,696 42.336 71,180 8,075 219 4.477.634 4.234,306 7,474,962 3,372,335

4 23,080 26,692 40,578 17.423 220 3,662,743 4,439.018 6.3 II. 106 4,331,706

137 845.012 898,669 1,479,093 622.210

1 29,301 32.758 53,621 46,640

150 3,070.948 2,528,601 5,352,258 1.257,727 69 694.445 823,754 1,184,547 275.470

9 75.729 99.250 129.173 81.645 4 33,930 41.588 50,488 262 623 10,395.070 12.759.429 17.739,449 9,994.217

1,022 14.080.186 15,931,190 23,205.995 11.985.493 458 2.976.473 3,245,376 5,083,914 1.493,228

4 9,176 11,996 15.095 5,162 37 66,091 61,412 1 1 1 ,039 24,876

193 2.722,146 3,182,083 4,756,054 1,911,687

87 897,143 1,047,410 1.523,385 770,320

2 16,322 18,878 27,258 17,976

11,707 169.503.918 182,906,697 $285,983,805 145.590,759

'Includes only commercial vessels of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.). 'Includes 16 transits where no registered tonnage was reported.
58 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 3.—Canal Traffic 1 by Flag of Vessel— Fiscal Year 1983—Continued

NOTE—In Canal traffic statistics, foreign naval vessels such as transports, supply ships, tankers, etc., with a measure- ment of 300 net tons (Panama Canal measurement) and over, and vessels of war, dredges, etc., with a displacement of 500

tons and over, are classified as oceangoing commercial vessels. Statistics on these vessels, except as related to displace- ment tonnage, have been included in the table above. As displacement tonnage cannot be combined with net tonnage,

the following table shows statistics covering 39 vessels which transited the Canal during fiscal year 1983 and paid tolls on

displacement tonnage.

Flag Type

Argentina Naval Ecuador do

France do

Japan do

Mexico do New Zealand do

Netherlands Dredge

People's Republic of China do

Peru Naval

Portugal do

Republic of China (Taiwan) do

Spain do

Spain Floating Drydock

Turkey Naval

United Kingdom do

United States do

United States Dredge

Venezuela Naval

Total.

Number Displace- of men'

transits tonnage Tolls

1 3,543 $3,295

5 4,683 4,718

4 24,227 22,660

2 8,615 8,787

1,750 1,628 2,550 2,372

2 15,877 16,194

19,487 18,123

7 13.374 13,416

1,840 1,877 2,850 2.907

2 6,983 6,802

5,162 5.265

3,002 2,792

3 8,353 8,261

2 3,060 2,845

2 4,535 4,626

2 2,540 2,591 39 132.431 $129,159

60 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 63

Table 5.— Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel

Fiscal Year 1983

Flag

Australia Austria Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia

Costa Rica Cuba

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

Egypt

Finland France Ghana

Greece Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Iraq

Ireland

Israel Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Malaysia Malta Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Norway Panama

People's Republic of China . Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Republic of China (Taiwan) Rumania

Saudi Arabia

Singapore South Africa South Korea

Spain

Sri Lanka Sweden

Switzerland Turkey

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United States U.S.S.R Vanuatu

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Zaire Total

1 Num- 1 1 Num- 1 ber Panama ber Panama

of Canal net of Canal net

transits tonnage Tolls transits tonnage Tolls

15 380.957 45,554 $660,562

2 79,720

18 241.216 424.930 2 14.285 S20.0I0 46 946.743 1.657,890 5 137,295 191.035

5 39.214 68.601 5 71,307 97.369

10 85.110

232.378

148.942

28 404,867 4 20,976 27.898

13 79,614 140,716 3 17.845 25.114

10 94.107 170,115 6 37,593 54.886 4 9.995 18,291 1 721 1,053 96 1.153.839 2.014.805 16 128.597 181.612

126 1.690,531 2,972,889 15 234,014 315,031

1 947 1.733 2 1,894 2.519

131 789.742 1.384.277 22 111.739 152,527

61 448.735 788,393 10 115.662 159.821

1 16.610 4,070.045 27.739 220 7,155,150 34 476,251 674,712

1 1.392 2,547 1 1,392 2.032 6 32.257 53,869 5 26.661 35.459 263 2.252,808

18,762 3.974,860 31,333 90 745.068 1.051.643

18 183.584 321,098 3 28,566 39.796

73 1.426,303 2.512,349 7 69,969 99,345

9.841 18.009 1 9.841 14.368 694 10.476.183

7,008

18.447,991 11,703 194 3,141,647 4,405.703

31 189.790

80,531 339,561

144.884

16 86.444 123,380

18 280.221 492.680 7 139.559 195,874

18 241.636 421,535

5,914 10,823 1 5,914 7,866 56,739 99,295 70 1,413,719

1.226.294 2.483.997102 2.144,227 8 67.851 93.855 920 15.492.296 27,276.983 243 5.557.484 7.807.495 36.195 62.389 1 12.094 17.657

1.207 21,739.615 38,225.919 348 6.933,777 9.670,253

14 250,961 443.026 1 28,212 37.522

61,741 108.255 3 57,212 79,292

38 744,843

18.755

1,314.093

34.241

31 504,154 714,269

190 1.986.629 108.735 3.500.417

187,387 47 368,798 525,494

42.505

6,558.578 75,064 345 11.520.013 68 1,063,032 1.494,266

1.364 16.272.688 28,571,641 333 4.038.068 5,614,351

81 1.540.413 2.668,095 22 399,063 540,089 232 2.334.855 4.095.361 33 370,281 519,391

141 1.846.152 3.257,594 14 189,310 264.43

1

59 391.662 686,984 3 14,407 21,034

1.890 2.359.175

3,308

113 4.135,013 8 132,153 188.145 4.825 8.830 1 4,825 7.044 25,057 43.967 3 18.639 27,213

173 3.371.127 5,918.777 46 1,106,507 1,556,185 20.568 37,238 1 2,512 3,341 199 3,295,649 5,806,991 21 367,094 504,116

128 812.531 1.420.613 6 32,481 46,413

1 29,301 2.931,82553.621

138 5,155.714 12 139,123 196,544 65 630,056 1 .096,582 4 64,389 87,964

5 48.821 87,176 3 26,908 39,205

1 8.509 15,571 3 25.421 34,916 527 8,954,832 15.738,539 93 1,440,238 1.992,649 782 10,551.573 18,352.265 236 3,528,613 4,846,258 375 2,499.598 4,408.235 83 476,875 675,680

2 4.588 8.3% 2 4.588 6.698 24 52.562 89,739 II 13.529 18,708 175 2.628.409 4.624,537 18 93.737 131,517 75 750.727 1,323,709 12 146.416 199,676

2 16.322 136,652.887

27.258 9.500 $240,013,922 2.168 32.851.031 $45,840,724

Above table involves only commercial vessels of 300 net tons or over. Panama Canal measurement.
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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 75

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76 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 77

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78 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 79

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Table 9.— Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama Canal From Pacific to Atlantic During Fiscal Year 1983 Segregated by Countries in Principal Trade Areas— Continued

[Long tons]

To Europe

I West Coast North America: .

i . j e. . Belgium

United Slates: Alaska Hawaii Mainland 561,974

Total United States 561.974 West Coast Canada 386.148 West Coast Central America:

Costa Rica 543

El Salvador 842 Guatemala Honduras

Mexico 3.101 Nicaragua 7S8 Panama

Central America (other) 1 Balboa. R. P. 1 Total Central America 5.244 West Coast South America:

Chile 1 70.357 Colombia 14.402 Ecuador 46.853 Peru 190.225 South America (other) 1 19.596

Total South America 441.433 Oceania:

Australia 1 .530

British Oceania

French Oceania 23.780 New Zealand 21.630 Oceania (other) 1 14.412 Total Oceania 61,352 Asia:

China (Mainland) China (Taiwan) Hong Kong

Indonesia Japan 33.009

Philippine Islands Singapore South Korea

Thailand U.S.S.R !!!!!!"

Asia (other) 1 Total Asia 33 009 Grand total

I 439 1 50

Percent of Atlantic- Bound Cargo 2 6

Den- mark Finland

1.700

428

2.906 86

194.116 187.430

863 31.790

I 23.810 9

' 49

2.186 78.246

3.059 133.895

15.253

428

203.009 336.703

303.181

197.489

1.481 4.350

5.064

921

11.549

82.987 683

4.589 56.642

39.615

3.999 34.256 62.350

15.253 100.605

620

1.435

3.16647

5.634

Netherlands Spain/

Portugal

United Sweden Kingdom USSR.

86 303.181 271.506 1.676,101 386.524 126,318

1.4

271.506 1,676.101

384.786 562.611

34.908 2.796

6.760 505

4.309 4.426

51.998

4.303

176.747

148 52.560

101.729

16,233

5.370

3.067

10.003

1.348 32.168

1.083

386.524

34.823

1.083 9.400

9.133 69.735

116

401 2.034

126.318

54.536

248,530

25.959

8.703 81.944

58,310

91,902

75,451 13.640

2,747

23.101

16,254

1.354

51,501

12

17 15.118

22.544

182.154 204.698

615.107

3.662

1.385 10.772

1.878 2.203

19.900

119.129

13.116 2.138

1 32.987 9,869

21.060

469.142

2.51855

2.281

11.505

14.413

1.748 8.224

27.218 34.919

38.461 34.317 318.799

262

19.282

10,750 110 549

30.953

9

130

48 846

6.326

1.65020

6,606

6.802

7.001 137.512

18,100 6,758 85.610

143.584 6,758 391.807

10.302 8.503

14389

33.828

9.853 5922,020

6.397

165 20

18.271

10.902 1.198 45.561 3.141 747 6.397 18.271

820.589 1.145.865 2.780.492 649.253 256.361 1,515.148 1.021.736

2.0 4.8 LI 0.4 2.6

Yugoslavia

5.451

7.036

184.516 347.417 423.446 131.193 66,648 277.239 453.714 111.182

West Germany

4.426

251.923

256.349

696.159

9.751 60.798

3.282 504

119.391 42,947

1.715

Europe

(other)

24,605

947,271 971.876

1.420.776

10.498 9.759

6.755

3.301 38.449 54.898

17.191 6.388

1.593 238.388

30.263

6.296

67.643 6.980

704

8.833

88.720 151.801

9.537 31.372

125.262 2.007.981 3.446.599

Total 4.426

47.149

4.736.455 4.788.030

5,210.159

71.532 92.452

44.917

13.443 252.071

165.217

72.421 23.790

735.843

446.172 303.773 1.764.781 115.812 56.225 298.727

49.781 116.401 328.604

71.933 200.668 1.056.739 35.130 46.468 567.254

718,828 723,535 4.016.105

68.264 5.872 108.507

192.700 15.630 130.630 8.220 55.288 194,524

12.236 75.011 261.097

2.342 3.114 452 2.106 22.800 22.800

1.014 79.933 47 21.646

168 168 2.157

18,271 10.368 160,563

15.798.158

See footnotes at end of table.

Facet p. 80


82 STATISTICAL TABLES

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.J o « I' H-al 3 p § .-__— — ^

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 83

r^rt »r^ pa --

a* — v-i >o oo

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33

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84 STATISTICAL TABLES

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

1 3091 371 560

127 154 210

54 92 156

128 125 194

7649

2730

30 800

3818745

186

101 413

413

1,637

135

13590

90

1,450

334

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous

.

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Ores and metals Ore, alumina/bauxite Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

427

14

13 119

10 5554 254

254

1,461 65 58

159 75 494 757

160 108

11 5 346 330

215 128 334 278

278

2,388 2,703

East Coast United States to West Coast

Canada:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

Clay, fire and china

All other and unclassified Total

569

569

27

601

601 844844

32

27 29

3 596 601 876

East Coast United States to West Coast

Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal

GrainsCorn Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Minerals, miscellaneous Borax Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

20

1,924

13 505

793

16 277

1,408 860 140 552

379 242 235

461 151 416

219 241 199

5 19 6

2 5 3 3 3 8

5 3 1

1 4

4

II

1 15

5
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 85

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast Central America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash , Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Paper and paper products Tallow

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

334 459 621

117 25 79

121 214 376

71 204 164 25 16 2 2 II8

2 3 77 164 136

136 55 13 22 28 123 54 33 42

2 22

2 1 1 45 18

5 10 23

85 83 61 2 3 11 30 18 27

10 4 43 58 23

2,593 2,067 2,595

East Coast United States to West Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous .

.

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

GrainsCorn

Oats

Rice Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements . .

.

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment . .

.

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

29 16 29

186 171 215

45 33 64

134 125 119

7 13 32 227 100 347

3,100 3,231 2,723 619 824 771

7 15 21 20 7 128 122 75 11 162 146 55

2,165 2,156 1,730

5 8 7

15 15 18

13 10 10 2 5 8 67 139 253

19 29 45

22 55 111 13 29 48

6 13 23

7 13 26

30 104 148 9 6 20

4 8 11 7 16 23

8 61 67

2 13 27
86 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

South America—Continued

Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsScrap

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquefied natural gas Lubricating oil Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to Balboa, R.P.: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous

.

GrainsCorn

Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified

1983

23

5,124

93

3548

104

4 248

34

5,000

92

3755

I668

237

II

35

28

5

41

18 27 33

2 1 3 6 8 282 236 432

8 17 34

150 109 167

5 111 96 184

13 14 42

46 51 75

7 14 17 39 37 58 30 26 30

3 4 11 6 7 17 10 12 188

5 10 17 2 167

3 2 4 439 170 59

130 53 1 134 14 1 12 54 20

37 41 54 29 40

43 2 3 670 721 743

3

1 61 8

2 10 12 15 59 56 39

7 15 14 4 2 1 127 104 85 99 135 140 33 37 58

7 7 17 49 34 37

8 10 20

263 302 307

5,271

490

38

51

I3

II 2320
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 87

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long ions]

East Coast United States to Balboa. R. P. —Continued

Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to Hawaii:

Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to Oceania:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Rice Soybeans

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Residual fuel oil Petroleum coke

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Clay, fire and china

Glass and glassware

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

144

14 130

501

53

53

53

570

2,309

128

18 110 303

5252

52

427

101

15 86 232

4129

12

51

5192

602

390 274 458

172 117 113

8 36 31 30 21 33

116 27 44

105

1 14 43

10 12 1 5

5

2

2

12 22 13

2

1 102 4

I 6 7 6

2 2 2

3 3 4

710 488 471

8 21 21 184 104 91 513 358 323

5 5 36

7 293 15925

188

21 57

8 30 34

144

101 68 43

19 36 54 574 800 772

II 24 21 2 4 2 3 39 21 35 25 8

19 9 9

1 4 4

503 694 706

1,952 2,136
88 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

1983 East Coast United States to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods 1 89 Canned foods, miscellaneous 7 Refrigerated foods 182

Fruit 89 Meat 2 Other and unclassified 91 Chemicals and petroleum chemicals 2,257 Caustic soda 56

Chemicals, unclassified 1,494 Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous 707 Coal and coke 8,729 Grains 29^326

Barley 104 Corn 20,103 Oats

Rice 25 Sorghum 834 Soybeans 6,264 Wheat 1 ,955 Other and unclassified 41 Lumber and products 281 Pulpwood 258 Other and unclassified 23 Machinery and equipment 67

Agricultural machinery and implements 6 Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts 7 Construction machinery and equipment 23

Electrical machinery and apparatus 11 Other and unclassified 20 Manufactures of iron and steel 96

Angles, shapes, and sections 33

Plates, sheets, and coils 8 Tubes, pipes, and fittings 21 Wires, bars, and rods 4 Other and unclassified 30

Minerals, miscellaneous 1 Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 4,961 Ammonium compounds 47

Fertilizers, unclassified 40

1

Fishmeal Phosphates 4,477 Potash '36

Ores a nd metals 1,810 Ores, miscellaneous 25 Metals 1J85 Aluminum 26

Iron 69 Scrap 1 ,654 Tin, including tinplate 3 Other and unclassified 33 Other agricultural commodities 59

Beans, edible 34 Cotton, raw 23 Other and unclassified 2

1982215

7 208

107 "ioi

2,212

215

17422

67

4

211

113

1 97

1,708 2 31 1,498 1,219 712 458

20,484 17,818 28,896 24,851

12,515 9,320

3 50 329

1,650 2,044 6,074 5,932

8,477 7,167

130 56

196 292

229

63

110

11 13

8 18 23 36

10 26

15 17 162 295

30 12

19 31

21 48

16 44

76 160

3,981 3,941 40 5 232 399

3,659 3,533 50 3 1,015 1,171 12 24

1,003 1,147

2 25

4 964 1,089

11 22 26 7 201 185 30 2 152 170

19 13
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 89

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to Asia—Continued

Petroleum and products Gasoline

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Petroleum coke

Diesel Residual fuel oil Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Fibers, plant Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to West Coast United States: Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Gasoline

Miscellaneous Pulpwood

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to West Coast Central America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to West Coast South America:

Grains

Barley Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur Ores and metals Metals

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

1,234 709 230

18 31 360 100 85

58 66 57 590 61 58 24 136

145 217

29 31

10 67 30

4,039 4,115 4,243

1 3 4

2 25 323 380 278

15 39 43

103 150 144

7 14 11 11 12 II 47 115 93 243 208 540

106 240 127

5 1 8 6 17 4

17 113 241 45 53 54

3,110 2,768 2,660 53,049 62,254

26

26

55,060

7

11 12 6

2 5 9 7 6

II 38

8

13

1 27 57 19 26

10 10 16 47 9 10 58 27 53

8 7 8

5 6

3 7 2

5 4 8

17 20 44

13 13 45

13 13 18 27

1 3

3

12

4

1 4

1

13
90 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Canada to West Coast

South America—Continued

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Canada to Oceania:

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Canada to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods

Fish Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .

.

Grains

Barley Corn

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsAluminum

Iron Scrap Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

Resin

Slag

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast United

States:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Amonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified

Fiscal year 1983

89

28

94

29

85 45 54 50 44 40 35

133 141

184

194

100 200

17 46

100 167 154

100 184 200

49 60 71 49 60 71 31 39 52

18 21 19 4 2 88 145

8 43925 20 14 45 60 218

43 43 129

14 53

146 120 184

144 120 154

2 30

2 3 58 37 88

1

550 203

1 160

108 74 82 442 129 78

142 119 2 87 10 13 160 37

53 26

3535

1313 674 650 586

105 89 107 26 36 19

15 19 17 528 506 443

1,569 1,219 1,580

29
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 91

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to West Coast

United States— Continued

Petroleum and products

Liquefied gas Residual fuel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Phosphates

Fertilizers Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Liquefied gas Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast Central America to Balboa. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel, oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Oceania:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

19

19 47

106

106

135

13

13

31

5 102 101 31 38 31

21 102 42

3,247 2,199 1,344

1,378 875 742

139 159 1 198 5 41 1,396 908 496

4 21 136 248 43

3 6 2

3 6 2 3,352 2,306 1,382

20

20

10

10

5

5

5 17 41

5 17 41 39 42 45

7 39 42 38 64 69 91

56 99 180 33 62 59

23 30 106

4

7 99

11 56 180

4 6 13 4 6 13 4 6 13
92 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to Asia: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Petroleum and products Crude petroleum

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to West Coast United

STATES: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Manganese

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee

Sugar, raw

Petroleum and products

Asphalt Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Coal

GrainsSorghum

Soybeans

Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1983 1982

10 24 54

10 7 18 2 2

10 5 16 61 73 94

11 10 7

11 10 7 56 31 56

30

76 38 17 76 38 17 224 152 221

2 2 90 3 24 2 16

181 54 36 44 19 44 44 19 44

24 19 17

3 20 24

11 5 10

15

14 10

5 480 295 162 56 64 40

258 48 64

29

50

87 4890 58 45

38 30 27

23 7 14

15 23 13 870 408 297

33 20 II 17

17 37

10

10 33 21

79 79

62

53

38

19

5
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 93

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to West Coast

Central America—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Liquefied gas Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

55 4 20

55 4 20 669 818 1,135 667 754 1,116

2 3 61

19

52 28 51 52 28 50

7 23 14

7 23 14 862 1,014 1,273

East Coast South America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... GrainsOats

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Balboa. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

12 25 7 2

2

3

3

12

11

62 22 10 62 22 10 26 15 15 14 9 5 12 6 10

18 10 13

13 12

5 10 1 1,654 1,643 1,800 1,116 1,165 1,376 168 198 96

112 104 no

180 96 24

18 4

4 59 31 44 21 90

12 73 82 127 47

82 127 47

1,856 1,845 1,904

74 46 134

19 44

8 16 47 30 69

21 4 1 6

4 1 6

78 47 140
94 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Oceania:

Petroleum and products

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast South America to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/bauxite

Copper

Manganese

Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Cotton, raw

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Liquefied gas Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total

West Indies to West Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

27

27

25

25

11

11 38 25

25 1 47 99

9

1 47 1 72 2

19 15 17 38 153 11376

29 11 16 143 28 148

2 19 30

2 19 30 323 284 331

103 107 136

16 23

13

13

74 64 119

13 7 4 220 177 195 4 7 20

2 5 18

2 2 2 1,093 1,660 1,671 846 1,360 1,481 61 119 84

53 46 28 30 87 59

8 48 38 47 10 19 32 31 53

16 32 31 37

1,683 2,208

24

2,475

24 31 24 31 284 159 218

251 159 184 33 34
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 95

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to West Coast United States—Continued

Petroleum and products

Asphalt

Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast Canada:

Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/bauxite Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Total West Indies to West Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . .

.

Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . .

.

Other agricultural commodities

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1983 1982 1981 ' 487 568 379

31 5 17 25 287 81 58 355 198 64 122 136 47 5

1 3

19

1 19 795 752

6

647

4 6 52 4 6 52

25

25

4 12 77

1 2 3

11 13 10

11 13 10 265 675 254

34 43 83 97 267 61 7 189 22

78 140 37

4 4 7 45 32 44

45 38 28 6 18 15 39 20 13 322 728 295

3 5 13 47

9 6

9

1 6

32

1 32 975 1,453 1,052 45 52 363 471 497

53 25 12 379 729 443

28 36 13 26 40 25

7 8 5 56 77 41

18 15 16 27 20 14 27 20 14

1,061 1,479 1,117
96 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Hawaii

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Residual fuel oil Total West Indies to Oceania:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Liquefied gas Gasoline

Jet fuel Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

297 182 299

84

110 59 104

117 102 71 65 15 2

5 6 38

13

13 195

40

40

297 339

323 388 253

16 29 297 388 224

10 323 388 253

44 97 35 44 97

15

15

35

99 69 53

16 4 22 48 6

28 54 24

5 7 74 14 7 4 14 7 147 195

21

21

95

14 8 7 4

7 4 49 17 6 46 48 42

39 43 37 39 36 32

7 5

7 5 5 1,394 1,466 867

1,393 1,464 864

1 2 3 439 374

36

182

86 7 78 7 7

71 246 102

138 58 66 27 66

34 15 16 34 15 16 1,976 1,941 1,121
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 97

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons)

Europe to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wires, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Nitrate of soda

Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Glass and glassware

Liquors and wines Marble and stone Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to West Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products

Asphalt

35

2

8

257

841

J4

59

_68

7 27

2626

11

12

126 42

I 769

1 209

3884

19 2543

1 1983 1982 1981 '

39 36 27 24 15 82

2 7 19 22 8 63

17 15 15 150 152 134

138 148 130 4 1 2

5 1 3 3 1 610 732 664

34 88 162 379 308 392

14 28 21 41 104 34

142 204 55 244 317 245

63 163 156

159 78 64

22 76 24

92 14 35 20 1 5 72 13 30

63 1 23

9 12 7 23 94 7 23 94 7 953 833 876

13 88

16

640

1 721 2,152 2,208 2,085

5

15

159

6 277

30

17025

2527

3

3
98 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast Canada—Continued

Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Liquors and wines

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous GrainsCorn Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Miscellaneous Cement

Glass and glassware

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods Milk

Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods Dairy products Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Oats Wheat

Rice Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981

'

164 174 182

2 2

3 3 4

161 169 176 262 403 497

1 38 6

12 33

1 48

10

15

25 34

7 4 15 24 35 18 10 11 2

14 24 16 64 55 52

11 3 1 21 26 6

3 31

15 17 4

17 6 10 267 225 291 35 56 119 204 162 163 28 7 9

9 1 8 9 1 8

101 24

101 24

128

1

100

12

122

1 4 1 5 123 96 116 665 494 509

28 41 85

14 30 62

11 24 53

3 6 9

14 11 23

3 7 18

11 4 5 58 75 105 4 6 18

51 62 78

3 7 9

8 1 83 28 34

1 14 4

16 2 3

19 7 8 20

27 5 19
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 99

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast South America—Continued Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Liquefied gas Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Ammunition and explosives

Bricks and tile Cement

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Slag

Textiles Wax, paraffin

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

1 4

13

3

1 3 109 183 216

20 29 29 26 55 84

35 54 59

14 25 24

14 20 20

121 158 252

16 28 16 46 51 105

13 24 18

14 24 68

32 31 45

37 38 39

36 36 37

1 2 2

III 158 150 24 36 63 47 87 72 20 18 9

19

1 17 15 16 36

11 881 33

15 25 55

3 3 13 5 14 25

7 8 17 75 44

34

8 69 7 6 10 1 131 81 58 53 26 21 23 5 20

27 17 7 20 6 4

8 27 6 414 462 589

2 1 4

6 17 11 2 6 61 29 15 4

6 20 18 9 3 4

7 12

1 20

2

2 2 39 55 44

8 8 8

5 4 5 41

5 8 II 4 5 6 292 305 348

1,192 1 ,308 1,628
100 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to Oceania: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous. . Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements . .

.

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment . .

.

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous . Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Europe to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

14 14 6

111 117 119 30 29 21 67 79 93

14 9 5 4 1 9

31 36 24

1 3 2

11 21 16

12 8 3

3 2 I 4 2 2 29 37 31

5 5 6

7 8 11 3 7 9

6 10 4

8 7 1 7 6 5 6 5 4

51 17 25

1 2 9 32 15 16

17

1

9

19

1 10

5 10 20

2 8 14

3 2 6 505 580 423

1 4 3

16 30 42

2 9 9 7 2 1 2

2 7 1 9 3 4

16 11 6

6

1 7 7

1

1 4421 507

1 347 766 828 673

13 14 12

13 14 12 283 182 141

13 8 234 151 110 36 2359

31

51

19 49
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 101

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

Europe to Asia—Continued Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

Africa to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous .

. Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Ores and metals MetalsOther and unclassified Ores Manganese ore Lead ore Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Africa to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Phosphates

All other and unclassified Total

Africa to West Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizer, miscellaneous Phosphates

Total

Africa to West Coast South America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 198) 1982 1981'

9 13 10 9 13 102

5

13 25

53 15 35

104 31 48

17 87 31 48 462 346 378

76

1 115 75 22 91 62

11 6 2

11 6 2

11 85 60

3 50 41

8 33 14 2 5 177 181 148

147 47 148 30 27

107

6 11 10 6 11 10 281 399 295

4 40 56

7 3129

3

7 2 3

11 71 59

4 32 21

12 20 21 32 21 4

6 27 1 5 13 7

5 13 7

11 40 8
102 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Africa to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia (Middle East) to West Coast United States:

Miscellaneous Chemicals, miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia (Middle East) to West Coast South America:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

61 59 51 59 52 51

2 76

6

10

10 9

974

21

21 61 82

61 13 22

39 10 22 13 12 61 13 22

2 4 26

2 4 26

2 4 26
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 103

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long ions]

West Coast United States to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products

Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to East Coast South

AMERICA: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type GrainsWheat

Barley Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Sulfur Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible

Peas, dry Petroleum and products Petroleum coke Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981

'

8 1 2 94 85 85

78 78 57

16 7 28 34 5 87 139 100 87 139 100

21 6,663 32,369 24,791 5,923 31,249 22,424

190 269 498

63 284 1,080 115 88 474

102 131 131 270 348 184 279 266 219

37 279 266 182 7,165 32,865 25,218

15 26 18 5 14 5

10 12 13 9 12 12

3 3103

21 42 2

18 23

17

3 2 2 35 41 39

30 34 36

5 7 3

5 5 7 2 1 3 83 112 114

5 7 12 20 15 17 20

58 85 57

5 8

7 46

1 23

6 23

1 2

2 41 4 9 23 II 2 9 3

7 14 8

1 21

21 84

1 831
104 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast South

America—Continued

Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Cristobal, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast United States to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Grains

Rice Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Gasoline

Residual fuel oil Other and uncalssified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast United States to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Rice Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Sulfur Other and unclassified

46 52 10436

5 12 4 4 6 42 43 50 228 338 435

29 34 10 29 34 10

3 4 2

3 4 2 32 38 12

5 9 1 77 84 80

77 84 80

1,316 3,575 4,108 287 3,255 3,200 100 37 28 800 320 871

1014 8 8 4 8 8 1,402 3,676 4,197

123 104 132

3 1 120 104 131

5 19 15 40 20 57

75 65 59 95 72 28

601 516 203

137 597 584

126 142

5 110

132 358 438

3 4 636 553 575 222 175 173 134 76 122 257 272 261 23 30 19

2 5 6 408 418 519

385 386

26

515

23 6

4
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 105

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to Europe—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal

Ores and metals OresCopper , Lead

Other and unclassified , MetalsCopper , Lead

Tin, including tinplate , Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible , Cotton, raw , Molasses , Oilseeds , Petroleum and products , Petroleum coke

Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous , Carbon black , Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat , Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products , Seeds, excluding oilseeds Slag

All other and unclassified , Total

West Coast United States to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type GrainsWheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous M iscellaneous Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

1 354

6141 28 14

1 3 6

112 56 49

68 49 42

50 38 14 4 3 5 14 8 23 44 7 7 41 1 3

1 6 4

2 44 39 22

40

1924

15

4 5 7

1,884 1,841 1,360 1,512 1,198 1,089 195 460 207

177 183 64 700 806 873

79 20

21 5 8

18

1 7 5

7 6 11 56 51 62

3 7

5 615 650 742

4,741 5,045 4,411

1 531 19 506 1,673 1,967 485 1,673 1,967

212 34 106

2 2 139 72 32

139 60 16

12 16 28 9 24 70 19 20 29

18 3

1 4 23 15 725 1,880 2,145
106 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long ions]

West Coast United States to Asia (Middle East): Coal

Grains

Barley Rice Wheat

Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Potash Ores and metals Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Others and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast Canada.

Coal

Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast South America:

Coal

Grains

Barley

Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981

'

57

1 10 9346

1 10 47

227

27 30 46 24 30 46 24

31 85 174

154 149 116

1,080 686 902

1,000 648 885 80 38 17

11

11 133 77

142990 77

11 7

11 7 213

108

10529 13

13 93229

1,631 1,018

117 29 7750

29

25

25

25

80

27

29 194

30 292

21 21

21 21 32 27 14 29 27 14

3 120 327 301

120 326

1 2983 20 115 100

1 19

1 111

3 99

1
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 107

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to East Coast South America—

Continued

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to West Indies Grains

Barley Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

M inerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Petroleum and products Other and unclassified M iscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Fishmeal Other and unclassified Ores and metals OresCopper

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Copper

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

14 6 35 20 31 22 10 22

13 10 9 258 604 744

14

14 36

29 29 69

29 29 51

18

17 69 165 104 69 165 104 5252

2 9 19 2 6

3 217

19

205 192

31 39 64

173 62 7 766 520 861 665 1,431 1,494 272 557 975

361 751 397

32 123 122 2,037 2,292 2,566 886 1,092 1,287 175 165 214

875 993 1,039

101 41 26

3 1 3 1 677 794 793

2 3 3 675 791 790

18 2522

28

14 16 4 3 7

5 87 126 128 30 72 87

12 51 76

6 7 9

12 14 2 57 54 41

2 4

1 6 9
108 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Europe—Continued

Ores and metals—Continued Lead •. Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .

.

Coal and coke

GrainsWheat

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Potash

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to Asia (Middle East): Grains

Barley

Lumber and products Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Miscellaneous Other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Fiscal year

1 I98J 1982 1981 '

37

15457

18 28

30

1312

3 94

51686

26

4

115

94

27 84

2 610

115

708

27

692

357

253 428 280

441

251 5,210 6,143 6,754

26

50

53 103 165 53 312

103

153

165 233 265

18 29 786

94

41

18 1,045

19637

1,010 786

7

1,045 1,010

7

2 7 17 2 7 17 1,236 1,308

26

26

44

153

1,425

2

2 123 92

123 153

33 186

92

125 92

162 98 188

161 98 188

1 150

98 2721799

152 1509 272

5 152

II 9 5 II
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 109

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to East Coast United

States—Continued

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

23 18 548 328 540 43 31 40

189 69 200

316 222

6 300

5 26 75

65

5 26 10 12 21 9

7 9 7

5 12 2 909 768 975

West Coast Central America to East Coast Central

AMERICA:

Grains, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

21 22 82

143 69 22

143 69 22

52

27

29

29

25

2 8 2 2 8 2 166 151 135

West Coast Central America to East Coast South

America:

Coke, coal type Lumber and products, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Central America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

22 . 15 8 24 34 25

2 3 1 9 9 6

9 9 6

35 83 40

63 79 71 63 79 71 41 33 25

41 31 23

2 2 43 4 9 29

14 4 9

13 28

21 12 9

21 12 9

168 141 142
no STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous OresChrome

Copper

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds

Peas, d ry Sugar

Miscellaneous

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Textiles Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Central America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel Other agricultural commodities

Coffee

Peas, dried Sugar, raw

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1983 1982 1981 '

120 126 190

120 126 190

101 93 152

19 33 38 20

1 7 16 15 11 15

1 14

1 6

5

15 35

1 119

48

24

1 2

1

519 183 172 263

153 151 222

24

125 151 198 2830 21 41 25 21 40

5 1 257 421 215

4 7 77 76 83

45 47 41 86 241 30

6 24 13

17 28 41 22 5 124 117

1

148

II 5

118 115 137 736 898 882

10 14

1 10 77

2 7 16 64 8 35 14 15 196 12

3 10 13 2 11 1 2 104 50 46
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 111

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long ions]

West Coast Central America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Manufactures of iron and steel Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal Year

1 198316

16 27

198 218

18

1981

'

1515

1312

1

1

56 18 16

West Coast South America to East Coast United

STATES: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Refrigerated, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizer, miscellaneous Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Potash

Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Iron Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified

504 513 446

10 21 14 494 492 432

315 354 326

23 18 17 141 116 85

15 4 4

24 66 64

19 23 30

8 8 20

11 15 10

3 5 4 382 198 140 377 197 119

5 21

166 154 162

10 42 44 9

120 105 135 4 5 8 742 1,015 1,130 319 727 852

10 12 13

161 343

25

1 9

2 1 11 12 11 272 531 484

423 288 278 367 233 234

4 20 14 2 33 29 24

3 12 14 596 441 569

1 2 9

19 38 26

124 128 149

3 7 4

301 146 152

148 120 228

1
112 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast United

States—Continued

Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Fibers, plant Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, fish Textiles

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast Canada:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Nitrate of soda

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast

Central America:

Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . . Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

5,076

7,638

i\

24

1312

12 821 821

122

10

4,055 3,724 2,981

1,224 943

20 15 108 116

126 131 6 8 4 7

18 10 9

106 89

6,601

]0 [ 10 1 52 61 40

39

I 30 75 30 75

5555 _[ 14 _L |4 88 151

22

16

228 228

890

18216 295

2,678

1,554 950

174

1086

7

io 85

5,331

262

_6

_6

70

_27

II14

2 _9i

2566

76

75

I 21

516 222
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 113

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

West Coast South America to East Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fruit refrigerated, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981

'

5 9 8

5 3 5 2

2 4 1 44

1 109

1

113

2

5 54 84 128 27 122 41 26

I

34

87

1

36

5 1,537 1,202 1,406

1,528 1,074 1,261 9 128 145 34 100 104

2

3 27 18 9 13 16 22 60 68

1,702 1,627 1,807

56 44 73

2 55 44 71

12 13 5 27 21 12 27 17 10 4 2 12 24 39

12 24 39

13

11

3535

2

18 15 23

3

13 20

162 2 2,059 1,062 2,680

1,650 948 2,367 343 82 258 66 32 55 27 2 12 27 2 12 2,211 1,194 2^879

723 1,009 1,002 25 27 31 698 982 971
114 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to Europe—Continued Canned and refrigerated foods —Continued Bananas

Fish, refrigerated

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Potash Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans . .

.

Coffee Cotton, raw

Oilseeds

Peas, dry

Sugar

Wool, raw , Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous . .

.

Oil, fish Paper and products

Seeds, excluding oilseeds. .

.

Textiles

All other and unclassified .

.

Total

West Coast South America to Akrica: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous Bananas

Fish, refrigerated

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

278 342 382

293 474 431

116 141 153

II 25 5 9 7 19 3 21 37 52 49

172 137 119

7 7 34

153 97 46

12 33 39 895 964 660

11 17 8 737 861 542

147 82 108 4 2 1,564 1,890 1,412 730 1,043 694

103 206 93

53 101 69 64 105 50

30 36 40

448 525 376

32 70 66 834 847 718 667 585 603

41 41 19 54 135 68

72 86 28 357 320 341 9 14 18 189 204 212

30

1 27

3 28

1 26

107 59 36

16 9 11 5 4 9

3 54

54

3 253 292 195 6 15 15 54 125 27

5 8 20

9 6 7 179 137 125 4,016 4,692 3.851

34 60

7

50

4 34 53 46
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 115

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to Africa—Continued Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Ores and Metals Ores

Zinc

Metals Zinc Other agricultural commodities

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Ores and metals, miscellaneous M iscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Hawaii to East Coast United States

Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Hawaii to Europe:

Other agricultural commodities

Molasses

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Oceania to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, refrigerated Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

33 54

21

21

54

7 21

21

1 7 1 7

2

2

5

5

12 32

2 168

1

1 86 106

14 72 63

14 72 63

11 48 61

3 24 2

7 22

22 40

40

1 13

1 15 94 123

196 50 177

196 50 177

19 7 40

19 7 40

215 57 217

47 41 25 47 41 25

58

5899

27

27 47 52

378 405 408

378 405 408

1 5 7

61 77 91

12 1 8 303 322 302

9 31 1 62 40 25
116 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Oceania to East Coast United States—Continued

Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Lead Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum metal Lead metal Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Liquefied natural gas Petroleum coke

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Meat

Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous. . .

.

Ores and metals Manganese ore

Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

418 497 796

376 481 747

31 66

4 272

47 55 95 298 356 380 42 16 49

25

11 6 12

5 15 36

311 634 669

101 233 101 210 398 560

3 36

100 191 121 36 61 100 1159

31

60

372 352 338 372 352 338

1,650 2,150 2,358

55 37 37

55

1

37 37

3 55 37 34

25 12 75 25 12 75 216 303 213

20 216 303 193 54 49 42

54 49 42 350 401 367

12 20 2 86 46 60

3947 46 60

6 14 23

6 14 23

104 80 85

14 16 3 24

24

28

28

8 1717 5717 8 17 22 48
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 117

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Oceania to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous . Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fish, regrigerated Meat

Other and unclassified . .

.

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Oceania to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous . Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, excluding bananas. Meat

Other and unclassified . .

.

Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Copper

Other and unclassified . .

.

MetalsCopper

Zinc Other and unclassified . .

.

Other agricultural commodities . . . Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Copra

Molasses

Skins and hides Sugar

Wool, raw

Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut , Oil, vegetable , Tallow

All other and unclassified Total

Asia to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods . .

.

Canned foods

Fruit Vegetables Other and unclassified . . Refrigerated foods

Fruit, refrigerated Other and unclassified . .

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981 '

74 32 63

4 7 4

70 25 59

5 1 2 50 9 40

8 14 5

7 1 12

II 32 22

11 32 22 85 64 85

185 298 225

185 298

1 224

6 15 22

53 75 77 59 19 126 149 106

155 277 273

79 217 17139

71 201 126

8 16 6 76 60 102 35 26

15 26 34 102 251 232 279

2

3

11 9 43 69

1 90

1 2 166 123 200

4 9 29 296 335 136

15 44

17 24 23 2

5 5 1 261 263 125 887 1,142 913

205 149 180 64 79 86

45 61 75

6 9 5

13 9 6

141 70 94

78 15 45

63 55 49
118 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic—Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

' 1983 Asia to East Coast United States—Continued

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... 108 Coal and coke Lumber and products 641 Boards and planks 37 Plywood, veneers, composition board 585 Other and unclassified 19 Machinery and equipment 1,210 Agricultural machinery 11 Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts 1,131 Construction machinery and equipment 19 Electrical machinery and apparatus 13 Other and unclassified 36 Manufactures of iron and steel 2,905 Angles, shapes,and sections 348

Nails, tacks, and spikes 59

Plates, sheets, and coils 1 ,035 Tubes, pipes, and fittings 564

Wire, bars, and rods 1 74 Other and unclassified 725

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash 2

Fertilizers, unclassified 2 Ores and metals 901 Ores 835 Alumina/ bauxite 43 Chrome II Manganese 1 Other and unclassified 780

Metals 66 Aluminum 29 Copper 7 Iron 1 Zinc Other and unclassified 29 Other agricultural commodities 323

Coffee 8 Copra 1 Rubber, raw 56 Sugar 25

1

Other and unclassified 7 Petroleum and products, miscellaneous 141 Miscellaneous 3,61

1

Bricks and tile 1 Clay, fire and china 2

Fibers, plant 1 Glass and glassware 4

Groceries, miscellaneous 7

Oil, coconut 63

Oil, vegetable 32 Porcelainware 2 Rubber, manufactured 41 Textiles 6

All other and unclassified 3,452 Total 10,047

1982

11845 414

981

'

200

118 598

13 64 357 499

44 35

1,258 1,282

10 5 1,164 1,214 34 29

21 18 29 16 4,311 4,182 459 618

84 53 896 806

1,438 1,557 220 189

1,214 959

2 2

2 2

1,124 1,007

1,059 959

102 155 38 86

11 5 908 713

65 48

32 19

5 13 20

1 2

7 14 411 427

1 10

35 65 373 357

1 4 375 210

3,283 3,192

2 2

2 9

7 4

9 28 56 181 93 114

1 5

18 26

9 12 3,086 2,810

11,490 11,398
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 119

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals OresChrome

Other and unclassified Metals

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Rubber, raw

Petroleum and products

Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1983

1

1982

1

1981 ' 3 6 2 5

6 2

14

30 18 29

10 6 21 9 9 5

2 3 9 3 284 262 261 284 262 261

321 284 298

70 276 107 4 7 14 71 133

19 58 43 21 58 43 21 27 24 15 27 24 15 169 418 302

4 4 5 72 70 101 19 29 27

32 6 1 11 13 17 10 22 46

230 522 412

91 141 219 86 293 105 53 88 88

4 3 4 3 32 47 43

22 8 24

8 2 22 22

10 39 19

3 4 15

7 35 4

4 4 3 4 4 3 2 2 18

18 2 2 186

I

341

1 280

2

1 3 4

6 10 12 2 6 8 176 321 254 534 990 865
120 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to Cristobal, R.P.: Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Asia to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Coal

GrainsCorn

Rice Soybeans

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood veneers Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Paper and paper products Porcelainware

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total

Asia to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . .

.

Fiscal year

1 1983 1982 1981

'

4

1

7

1

6

2

3 6 4

20 21 16 81 103 130

2 I 3 79 102 127

105 131 152

43 43 31 30 27 20

13 16 11 7 12 5

21 21 22

116 1132

75

1 106 111 74

10 133 143 112 96 97 70

19 23 23

12 8 12 6 15 7 158 151 164

144 127 139

3 4 6

11 20 19 152 126 119 70 52 47

30 36 23 52 38 49

8 20

13

20

4 14 4 7 6

54 36

6

1 30 316 264 282

3 4 6

5 4 4

1 2 2 16

1

1

5

1

1

15

12

1 3 4

6 10 13 282 234 235 954 898 866

15 6 6

3 12 II 32 46

3 10

10

1 3 1
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 121

Table 11.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to Europe—Continued

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar raw

Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous

.

Miscellaneous Sugar raw

All other and unclassified Total

1 198} 1982 1981

'

29 27 23

23

58 85 69 83

19 4

31 27 37

8 2 35 34 40

161

1

230

11

128

13 2 4

12

1 2

13 4

14 4
122 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1983

[Long tons] A ilanlic Commodity lo Pacific Ammonium compounds 378,887 Asbestos 19,941 Asphalt 90,382 Automobiles, trucks, and accessories 242,553 Bananas 1,121 Barley 117,815 Beans, edible 56,038 Benzene 13,035 Borax 12,186

Bricks and tile 21,339 Canned food products 74,454 Carbon black 4,096 Caustic soda 673,935 Cement 64,261 Chemicals, petroleum various 973,342 Chemicals, various 2,4 1 5,923

Clay, fire and china 380,467 Coal and coke (excluding petroleum coke) .

.

9,160,558 Cocoa and cacao beans 2,755 Coffee 18,524 Coke, petroleum 712,1 10 Copra and coconuts 350 Corn 21,624,781 Cotton, raw 27,936

Fertilizers, various 1 ,589,947

Fibers, plant 20,847 Fishmeal 929

Flour, wheat 242,222 Gasoline 1,351,945 Glass and glassware 19,683 Grains, various 78,764

Groceries, various 28,537

Infusorial earth 1,782

Jet fuel 626,678 Kerosene 44,932

Liquefied gas 799, 1 16 Liquors 21,571 Lumber and products (excluding pulpwood) 53,780 Machinery, agricultural 58,601 Machinery, construction 104,055 Machinery, electrical 48,030 Machinery, various 71 ,626 Manufactures of iron and steel 1 ,632,455 Metal, aluminum 397,498

Metal, copper 41 ,62

1

Metal, iron 238,236

Metal, scrap 1 ,846,349

Metals, various (including tinplate) 1 16,922 Molasses 3,328

Nitrate of soda 26,666 Oats 27,008

Oil, coconut 3,98

1

Oil, crude 4,547,020

Oil, diesel 1,276,614

Oil, fish 8,310

Oil, lube 524,471

Oil, residual fuel 3,318,466

Oil, vegetable 245,253

Oilseeds 91,119

Ore, alumina/bauxite 375,336

Pacific

to Atlantic 25,674

3,114

5,707

1,304,753 888,099

299,107

42,408

3,468 391,426

4,827

170,697 666

65,060

7,384

108,991 661,639

27,670

1,556,411 30,870 467,310

1,624,366

13,560 894

123,204

55,941

16,543 823,394

54,193 346,832

10,520 70,494

36,835

4,636

9,378

27,673

1,584 3,923,333

16,273 64,759

32,873 56,440

3,563,363 56,896

1,161,788 60,006

1,553 359,472 826,537

277,295 546

91,300

14,122,867 568,848

87,226

113,558 2,799,889

107,643 63,515

107.265

404,561 23,055 96,089

1,547,306 889,220

416,922

98,446

16,503 403,612

26,166

245,151 4,762 738,995

71,645

1,082,333 3,077,562 408,137

10,716,969 33,625 485,834

2,336,476

13,910 21,625,675

151,140

1,645,888 37,390 824,323

296,415

1,698,777 30,203

149,258 65,372

6,418 636,056

44,932 826,789

23,155

3,977,113 74,874

168,814 80,903

128,066

5,195,818 454,394

1,203,409 298,242

1,847,902 476,394

829,865

303,961 27,554

95,281 18,669,887

1,845,462 95,536 638,029

6,118,355 352,896

154,634 482601
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 123

Table 12. —Principal Canal Commodities by Direction —Fiscal Year 1 983

-

Continued

[Long Ions]

Atlantic Commodity to Pacific Ore, copper 650

Ore, iron 69,2 1

5

Ores, various 305,286 Paper and paper products 701.793

Peas, dry 51.152 Petroleum and products, various 435,361 Phosphates 5,826, 125 Potash 127,104 Pulpwood 474,778

Refrigerated food products

(excluding bananas) 442,318

Resin 210,031

Rice 74,580 Rubber, manufactured 28,703 Rubber, raw 55

Salt 122,397

Seeds, excluding oilseeds 33,505

Slag, clinkers, and dross 15,257 Soda and sodium compounds 60,753 Sorghum 1,345, 1 53 Soybeans 7,038,903 Sugar 1,700,541 Sulfur 11,070 Tallow 67.485

Textiles 47,584 Tobacco and manufactures 46,169 Toluene 44,958 Wax, paraffin 13,308 Wheat 4.478,345 Wool, raw 1,092

All other 7,084,351 Total 87,828,509

."a, ifii to Atlantic 414,286

53,549

2,362,125 514,433

35,547 572,299

142,622

142,089

1,411,371

1,830,202 5,827 209,674 48,882

60,868 576,993

3,489

149,578

9,867

1,803,803 1,944,642 38,866 41,327

2,691 6,392

3,027

1,084,214 20,246

6,524,768

414,936

122,764

2,667,411 1,216,226 86,699

1 ,007,660 5.968,747 269,193

1.886,149

2,272,520 215,858 284,254

77,585

60,923 699,390

36.994

15,257 210,331

1,345,153 7,048,770 3,504,344

1,955,712

106,351 88,911 48,860

51,350

16.335 5,562,559 21,338

13,609,119 57,762,250 145,590,759
124

Other Statistics

Table 13.— Water Supply and Usage

Percent of usage

Fiscal i ear fiscal year

1 mj 1982 '

' 1983 1982 ' (A ere feel) Madden and Gatlin Lake Water Supply:

Total runoff, Madden Lake Basin 1,334,650 1,794,445 Evaporation from Madden Lake 36,993 39,146 Municipal water use Madden Lake 80,028 79,606

Available for Madden Lake usage 1,21 7,629 1 ,675,693 Total runoff, Gatun Lake (area below Madden) . . . 1,637,906 2,680,854 Subtotal 2.855,535 4,356,547 Evaporation from Gatun Lake 444,508 41 1,825 Available for Gatun watershed usage 2,41 1,027 3,944,722 Madden Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 1,165,151 1,748,622 88 90 Leakage 14,479 14.479 1 1 Spillway discharge 62,351 90,060 5 5 Municipal 80,028 79,606 6 4 Total Madden Lake usage 1.322,009 1,932,767 100 100

Gatun Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 425,023 1,097,865 18 27 Lockages, Gatun and Pedro Miguel 1,858,609 2,333,126 78 57 Municipal and other usages 94,654 90,237 4 2 Spillway discharge 587,282 :_LJ_ 14 Total Gatun Lake usage 2,378,286 4,108,510 100 100

Table 14. —Dredging Operations —Fiscal Year 1983

(Cubic yards) Earth Rock Total Pacific District 548,452 548,452

Central District 1,480,552 367,950 1,848,502

Atlantic District Grand Total 2,029,004 367,950 2,396,954
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 125

Table 15. —Electrical Power Generated

(Gigawatt hours) '

Generation: Gatun hydro station Madden hydro station Thermal generating stations Gross generated by Panama Canal Commission

Less station service usage Net total generated by Panama Canal Commission . Power Purchases: Through interconnect from Panama

Net Energy charged for Wheeling Power Sales: Through interconnect to Panama

Net power generated and purchases for Canal area only. Other power generated by military for own use Total Canal area requirements Power distributed to Comission's customers

Distribution losses Peak load (thousands of kilowatts) Date of peak load Canal area load factor 2

(7) 567

567

(4)

558

"558

523 513 44 45

91 89 Apr. 4 Mar. 26 71.4% 71.6%

1 One gigawatt hour equal to I million kilowatt hours.

2 Total Canal area requirements divided by number of hours per year times peak load.

Table 16.— Fire Statistics

Fiscal Year 1983 Number of Property

fires loss PCC 164 $8,259

Armed Forces 474 43,710

Private (including ships) 82 189,768 R.P.* ^265 9,195

Total 985 $250,932

Value of Property involved in ship fires $46,626,259 Value of Property involved in other fires 100,950,457

Calls for emergency aid ** 2,926 Total number of calls (all types) responded to 4,102

Number of

fires 101 367

80

189 737

Properly

loss $85,541 25,700

3,087,869 4,500

$3,203,610

$22,023,051

147,372,940

2,675

3,551

* Statistics started as of October I, 1979 due to the Treaty implementation.

** Includes Fire Apparatus and Ambulance.


UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

3 1262 08508 2104