S3.PR/2.M/T82. /

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

ANNUAL REPORT

FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1982

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Balboa, Republic of Panama

OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR

From the Administrator:

I am pleased to submit the third annual report of the Panama Canal

Commission covering Canal operations for fiscal year 1982. The third year of operation under the Panama Canal Treaty was another

year of growth for most major elements of Canal Traffic. Panama Canal net tonnage and tolls revenue surpassed all previous annual records. Shipments

of petroleum and products, combined with improvements in grains and coal,

accounted for sixty-four percent of Canal cargo movements during the fiscal year. Oceangoing transits and the number of large vessels also increased over

the prior year. To respond to the additional demands being placed on the Waterway in recent years, the Canal has intensified planning efforts and accelerated investments in transit-related projects. Operationally, significant strides are being made to train the skilled people necessary to continue the efficient operation and maintenance of the Canal. Major emphasis was focused on

the training of Panamanian employees to increase their participation at all levels in the Commission.

The thirty-month transition period, established by the treaty to provide

for a smooth and orderly transfer of jurisdiction over the Canal area from

the United States to Panama, terminated on March 31, 1982. Of particular

significance were the closing of the United States courts and cessation of

Commission police law enforcement activities. The Panama National Guard

assumed sole responsibility for law enforcement in the Canal area effective April 1, 1982.
The successes achieved during the transition period are evidence of the Canal's continued capability to provide efficient transit service to international shipping. The Canal organization remains committed to this goal and the traditional standards of excellence. I am confident that the challenges of the future will be met with the same responsibility and

dedication that has characterized the Commission work force in the past. f/M, D. P. McAuLIFTtT Administrator
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

Page

Organization Chart vl INTRODUCTION

Organization 1 The Canal 1 Tolls Rates 2 Treaty Implementation 2 Board of Directors 3/4 Officials in the Republic of Panama 3/4 Officials in Washington, D.C 3/4 CHAPTER I-CANAL TRAFFIC

Traffic 7 Comparative Highlights of Operations 8 Commodities and Trade Routes 8 CHAPTER II-CANAL OPERATIONS

Transit Operations 13 Photo 14 Maintenance and Other CanalProjects 15 CHAPTER HI-SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Logistical Services 19 Employee Services 20 Sanitation and Grounds Management 20 Transportation Facilities 21 Public Utilities and Energy 21 Police and Fire Protection 22 Canal Protection 23 Health and Safety 23 Library Services 23 CHAPTER IV-ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Personnel: Force Employed and Rates of Pay 25 Equal Opportunity Program 26 Public Affairs 27 Ombudsman 27 Industrial Relations 27 CHAPTER V— FINANCIAL REPORT

Narrative Statement 29

Results of Operations 30

Capital Expenditures 30

in
CONTENTS

Financial Tables Page

Table 1 .—Balance Sheet 32 Table 2. —Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment 35 Table 3. —Statement of Changes in the Investment of the United States Government 36 Table 4.—Statement of Changes in Financial Position 38 Table 5.—Statement of Status of Appropriations 39 Table 6.—Statement of Property, Plant, and Equipment 40 Notes to financial statements 41 CHAPTER VI—STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics Table 1.— Panama Canal Traffic, Fiscal Years 1972-1982 50 Table 2.—Commercial Ocean Traffic by Months, Fiscal Years 1982 and 1981 .

52 Table 3.—Canal Traffic by Flag of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1982 53 Table 4.—Classification of Canal Traffic by Type of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1982. 56 Table 5.—Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel, Fiscal Year 1982 59 Table 6.—Segregation of Transits by Registered Gross Tonnage, Fiscal Year 1982 60 Table 7.— Principal Commodities Shipped Through Canal by Fiscal Years ... 62 Table 8.—Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Atlantic to Pacific During Fiscal Year 1982 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 66 Table 9.—Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama

Canal from Pacific to Atlantic During Fiscal Year 1982 Segregated

by Countries in Principal Trade Areas 72 Table 10.—Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific 80 Table 1 1.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic 83 Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific 87 Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic 105 Table 14.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction, Fiscal Year 1981 123

Other Statistics Table 15.— Water Supply and Usage 126 Table 16.— Dredging Operations 126 Table 17.— Electrical Power Generated 127 Table 18. —Police Statistics 128 Table 19.— Fire Statistics 128
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INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION

The Panama Canal Commission is an agency of the Executive Branch of

the U nited States Government, provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty of

1977, and established by the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (93 Stat. 452; 22

U.S.C. 3601 et seq.), enacted September 27, 1979. The authority of the President of the United States with respect to the Commission is exercised

through the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Army. The

Commission is supervised by a nine-member Board: five members are

nationals of the United States and four are Panamanians. Board members

who are U.S. nationals are appointed with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Commission was established to carry out the responsibilities of the United States with respect to the Panama Canal under the Panama Canal

Treaty of 1977. In fulfilling these obligations, the Commission manages,

operates, and maintains the canal, its complementary works, installations,

and equipment, and provides for the orderly transit of vessels through the

canal. The Commission will perform these functions until the Treaty

terminates on December 3 1 , 1999, when the Republic of Panama will assume

full responsibility for the canal. The Commission is expected to recover through tolls and other revenues

all costs of operating and maintaining the canal, including interest,

depreciation, capital for plant replacement, expansion and improvements,

and payments to the Republic of Panama for public services and annuities,

in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article III and paragraphs 4(a) and (b) of

Article XIII, respectively, of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. Revenues

from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the U.S. Treasury in an

account known as the Panama Canal Commission Fund. Appropriations

for operating expenses and capital improvements are enacted annually by

the Congress and are limited to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund.

THE CANAL

The Panama Canal is a lock-type canal approximately 5 1 miles long from

deep water to deep water. The minimum width of the navigable channel is 500 feet. Navigable channel depth varies according to the amount of water

available in canal storage areas. The normal range of permissible transit draft is from 38 feet to 39 feet 6 inches tropical fresh water.

1
2 INTRODUCTION

Vessels transiting the canal are raised in three steps to the level of Gatun

Lake, the principal source of canal water, then lowered to sea level again in three steps. The three sets of canal locks are paired so as to permit

simultaneous lockage of two vessels in the same direction or in opposite

directions. Since August 15, 1914, the official date of its opening, the Panama Canal

has served world trade virtually without interruption. Through this fiscal year, a total of 612,556 vessels of all types have transited with51 1,632 or83.5

percent of the total being of the oceangoing commercial class. TOLLS RATES

Panama Canal tolls rates were increased approximately 29.3 percent on

October 1, 1979. These rates remained unchanged through fiscal year 1982. Tolls rates are: (a) On merchant vessels, Army and Navy transports,

tankers, hospital ships, supply ships, and yachts, when carrying passengers

or cargo: $ 1 .67 per net vessel ton of 100 cubic feet of actual earning capacity.

Such tonnage is determined in accordance with the "Rules of Measurement

of Vessels for the Panama Canal;" (b) on such vessels in ballast, without

passengers or cargo: $1 .33 per net vessel ton; and (c) on other floating craft: 93 cents per ton of displacement.

Vessels of the Government of Colombia are given free transit as are vessels transiting solely for repairs at Commission facilities. TREATY IMPLEMENTATION

Implementation of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 continues on a daily

basis as numerous treaty mandates are routinely observed by the canal

organization. The Commission's Board of Directors and other binational

bodies are meeting periodically to resolve a broad range of issues pertinent to the Commission.

The thirty-month treaty transition period ended on March 31, 1982, and

as required, the United States courts, which had operated in Panama since 1904, and the civilian police force, with its proud history, were

disestablished. No further organizational changes of this magnitude are anticipated before 1990 when a Panamanian national assumes the post of Administrator of the Panama Canal Commission and a United States citizen becomes the Deputy Administrator pursuant to provisions of the treaty.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Beginning Fiscal Year 1982

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Assistant Secretary of the Army

(Civil Works)

Washington, D.C.

Honorable Roberto M. Heurtematte E. Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Riverside, Connecticut

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs Washington, D.C.

Honorable J. W. Clark

President, Clark Maritime

Associates, Inc. New Orleans, Louisiana

Honorable Edwin Fabrega V. Director General

Institute of Hydraulic Resources and Electrification (IRHE)

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Tomas Paredes R. Executive Director Executive Bureau for Panama Canal

Treaty Affairs Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Minister of the Presidency

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Executive Committee

Honorable William R. Gianelli,

Chairman

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Honorable Tomas Paredes R.

Budget and Finance Committee

Honorable Edwin Fabrega V., Chairman

Honorable J. W. Clark

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Tomas Paredes R.

Personnel Committee

Honorable J. W. Clark, Chairman

Honorable Roberto M. Heurtematte E. Honorable William Sidell Honorable Tomas Paredes R.

Long-Range Canal Improvements

Committee

Honorable Edwin Fabrega V., Chairman

Honorable J. W. Clark

Honorable Clifford B. O'Hara

Honorable Tomas Paredes R.

OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator Honorable D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Honorable Fernando Manfredo, Jr.

OFFICIAL IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Ending Fiscal Year 1982

Honorable William R. Gianelli,

Chairman

Assistant Secretary of the Army

(Civil Works)

Washington, D.C.

Honorable John A. Bushnell

Deputy Chief of Mission American Embassy

Buenos Aires, Argentina

Honorable Phillip Dean Butcher B. (Member-designate)

Vice President, Inter- American

Regional Organization of Workers (ORIT)

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Edwin Fabrega V. Director General

Institute of Hydraulic Resources and Electrification (IRHE)

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Andrew E. Gibson

President, Delta Steamship

Lines, Inc. Short Hills, New Jersey

Honorable Tomas Paredes R. Executive Director Executive Bureau for Panama Canal

Treaty Affairs Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable Ricardo A. Rodriguez

Panama, Republic of Panama

Honorable William Sidell Poway, California

Honorable William W. Watkin. Jr. Beaufort, South Carolina

Executive Committee Budget and Finance Committee

Honorable William R. Gianelli. Chairman

Other members to be determined. Membership to be determined.

Personnel Committee Long-Range Canal Improvements

Committee

Membership to be determined. Membership to be determined. OFFICIALS IN THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA

Administrator Honorable D. P. McAuliffe

Deputy Administrator Honorable Fernando Manfredo, Jr.

OFFICIAL IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

Secretary Michael Rhode, Jr.

CANAL TRAFFIC
Chapter I

CANAL TRAFFIC

TRAFFIC

Most major elements of Panama Canal traffic and tolls revenue reached

record levels during fiscal year 1982. The key factors contributing to the favorable performance were increased shipments of Alaska North Slope oil, sharply higher grain and coal movements, and continued growth in the average size of transiting vessels.

Total oceangoing transits in fiscal year 1982 rose 1.1 percent from the prior year's 13,984 to 14,142. Oceangoing commercial transits accounted for 14,009 of the total transits, compared to 13,884 such transits in 198 1 . Vessels

owned or operated by the U.S. Government, and free Colombian and

Panamanian vessels, made 133 transits during the year compared to 100

transits in fiscal year 1981. More important than the growth in number of transits was the continued

increase in the size of vessels using the Canal. Vessels with beams of 80 feet or

greater accounted for 7,226 transits or 51.1 percent of total oceangoing

transits. During the prior fiscal year, transits by vessels in this beam category

accounted for 6,364 transits or 45.5 percent of total oceangoing transits. Almost half of the increase in large beam transits was by vessels with beams

equal to or greater than 100 feet. Transits by these vessels totaled 2,681 or 19 percent of all oceangoing transits, compared to 2,263 or 16.2 percent during

fiscal year 198 1 . In terms of Panama Canal net tonnage, the average size of

oceangoing commercial transits rose 6.6 percent, increasing from 13,593 tons per vessel in 198 1 to 14,488 tons in 1982. The growth in the number of

transits and size of vessels resulted in record Panama Canal net tonnage and

tolls revenue. Panama Canal net tonnage, at 204 million tons, was 7.6 percent above the 1981 level of 189.6 million tons. Correspondingly, tolls revenue rose 7.4 percent from $303.1 million in 1981 to an all time high of

$325.6 million. Oceangoing commercial tolls accounted for $324. million of

the total tolls in 1982 and U.S. Government tolls amounted to $1.6 million. Other transit-related revenues, such as tug, launch, harbor pilotage and
8 CANAL TRAFFIC

other services, reached $59.5 million for a total transit revenue of $385.1

million compared to $350.8 million in the prior fiscal year. A two-year summary of the principal elements of Canal traffic and tolls revenue is shown in the following table: COMPARATIVE HIGHLIGHTS OF OPERATIONS

Fiscal year

1 7m 79SI ' Oceangoing transits: Commercial 14,009 13,884 U.S. Government 110 89

Free 23 H

Total 14,142 13,984 Daily average 38.7 38.3

Small transits: Commercial 830 791 U.S. Government 241 225

Free 58 50

Total 1,129 1,066

Total cargo: Commercial 185,453,260 171,223,117

U.S. Government 285,451 301,778

Free 70 Total 185,738,781 171,524,895 Total Panama Canal net tons and reconstructed displace- ment tonnage 203,999,771 189,565,518

Transit revenue: Commercial tolls $324,031,594 $301,828,204

U.S. Government tolls 1,557,503 1,252,154

Tolls revenue $325,589,097 $303,080,358

Harbor pilotage, tug, launch, and other services 59,466,095 47,681,976

Total transit revenue $385,055,192 $350,762,334

COMMODITIES AND TRADE ROUTES

Twelve key commodity groups have maintained relatively stable levels of

importance to Canal traffic in recent years. The groups, shown on the chart on page 9, accounted for 90.3 percent of total oceangoing commercial cargo

in 1982, almost the same proportion observed in 1981 when these commodity groups registered 90.1 percent.

The most significant change occurred in shipments of petroleum and

petroleum products which rose sharply from 49.4 million long tons in 1981

to 59.0 million tons in 1982, an increase of 19.5 percent. Crude oil movements totaled 44.5 million tons, representing 75 percent of the total commodity group. Seventy-three percent or 32.4 million tons of the crude

shipments originated from the Alaska North Slope.
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10 CANAL TRAFFIC

Grain shipments through the Canal increased 11.5 percent during FY

1982, reaching a record 37.6 million long tons or 20.3 percent of Canal

oceangoing commercial cargo. The increase includes a 12.0 percent rise in wheat shipments from 12.5 million long tons in 1981 to 14.0 million long tons

in fiscal year 1982; and a 27.1 percent rise in corn, from 10.7 million long tons

in 1981 to 13.6 million long tons in 1982. The remaining products in the group, sorghum and soybeans, decreased slightly from 9.0 million long tons

in 1981 to 8.5 million tong tons in 1982. Grain shipments from the United

States to Asia constituted 60.0 percent of the total movement of this commodity group, with Japan and Mainland China being the principal

destinations.

Shipments of coal and coke increased 1 1 .5 percent during fiscal year 1982

to 22.5 million long tons, accounting for 1 2. 1 percent of all cargo shipments.

One of the principal factors that contributed to the increase in the coal tonnage shipped through the Canal was an increase in imports of U.S.

metallurgical coal by the Japanese steel industry during the first half of the

fiscal year. Coal to Japan accounted for 79 percent of the trade or 17.7 million long tons and shipments to Taiwan totaled 1.3 million long tons or

6.0 percent of the coal and coke commodity group. Other major commodity groups experiencing gains during the year included chemicals and petrochemicals, which increased 9.1 percent to 4.9 million long tons; miscellaneous minerals which increased 1 1 .6 percent to 4.

million long tons; and miscellaneous agricultural commodities, which rose

4.5 percent to 5.5 million long tons. Several commodity movements decreased during the year. The tonnage of

lumber and products continued to slump, declining 16.0 percent to 5.2 million long tons; ores and metals decreased 8.1 percent to 7.8 million long

tons; machinery and equipment dropped 8.2 percent to 2.3 million long tons; manufactures of iron and steel declined 2.0 percent to 7. 1 million long tons; canned and refrigerated food dropped 1.4 percent to 3.8 million long tons; and nitrates, phosphates and potash declined 1 . 1 percent to 8.5 million long

tons. One salient characteristic of 1982 commodity movements was the continuation of the trend toward concentration of shipments to specific areas and countries of the world. Trade between the East Coast United

States and Asia continued to dominate Canal traffic, with 38.7 percent of

total Canal cargo moving over this route., This proportion is higher than the 37.5 percent registered in 1981. Cargo movements in this trade rose 11.9 percent from 64.2 million long tons in 1981 to 71.8 million long tons in fiscal year 1982. The following tables show the principal commodity groups moving in oceangoing commercial vessels in 1982 and a comparison of the major trade routes in 1982 and 1981.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 11

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12 CANAL OPERATIONS

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Chapter II

CANAL OPERATIONS

Canal operations are comprised of Transit Operations and Maintenance

and Other Canal Projects. The various functions are divided among a number of operating bureaus within the Canal agency. TRANSIT OPERATIONS

Daily average transits by oceangoing vessels increased from the 38.3 per day during fiscal year 198 1 to 38.7 per day during fiscal year 1982. Average

time in Canal waters decreased from 40.7 hours in fiscal year 1981

to 33.0 hours in fiscal year 1982.

Fiscal year 1982 ... 1981 ... 1980 ... 1979 ... 1978 ...

Vessels of 600-foot

length and over

Percent of total oceangoing

transits

Vessels of 80-foot beam and over

Percent of total oceangoing

transits 5,534 39.1 7,226 51.1 4,855 34.7 6,364 45.5 4,598 33.8 6,089 44.7 4,089 31.3 5,503 42.1 3,842 30.1 5,200 40.7

The number of vessels transiting at more than 36-foot drafts increased

14.4 percent during FY 1982 with 2,517 vessels transiting the Canal

compared to 2,200 last year. The maximum allowable draft of 39 feet 6 inches was maintained for the entire fiscal year. Total jobs performed by Commission tugs increased from 44,638 in fiscal year 1981 to 45,687 in fiscal year 1982.

Fiscal vear

1 1982 1981 ' Oceangoing transits 14, 142 13,984 Tug jobs: Balboa 30,879 30,302

Cristobal 14,808 14,336 Tug operating hours 71,126 62,067

13
14 CANAL OPERATIONS

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 15 MAINTENANCE AND OTHER CANAL PROJECTS

Installation of a high mast lighting system at Pedro Miguel Locks

commenced in February 1982. Six 1,000-watt metal halide lamps are mounted in clusters on 100-foot poles and situated to cast long narrow beams at the inner walls of the lock chambers thus providing Canal pilots

with better visibility when transiting wide beam ships at night. Similar

lighting systems were installed at Miraflores and Gatun locks in prior years. The estimated date for completion of the project is February 1983. Progress continued on construction of the vessel tie-up station one mile

north of Pedro Miguel Locks on the west bank of Gaillard Cut. Phase I of

project will be a station, 1 ,200 feet long by 90 feet wide, with the capability to berth a maximum of two ships. The major share of the project entails breaking and removing approximately 300,000 cubic yards of rock material.

The station will include four breasting dolphins, six mooring dolphins, ten quick release hooks and associated power lines, navigational lights,

linehandler's building with perimeter fence, and area illumination. The

Phase II station, as presently planned, will be located adjacent to, and north

of, the Phase I station and will be identical in construction. An access road

will serve both stations and a launch landing. The phase II station will also provide berthing for a maximum of two ships. This facility will increase the

effective utilization of the Pacific Locks during clear cut transits or periods

of fog, as well as accommodate disabled ships. The tie-up station is expected

to increase the capacity of the Canal by two ships per day.

In fiscal year 1980, a new method was developed to repair the waterside

rail of the locomotive tow track at the locks. The procedure, called the

"alternate tie method," consists of removing and replacing alternate ties together with sections of the concrete foundation thus permitting the track

to be repaired without interfering with the movement of transiting vessels. Through the end of fiscal year 1982, a total of 4,467 lineal feet of rail had

been repaired at Miraflores Locks, 3,673 lineal feet at Pedro Miguel Locks

and 4,620 lineal feet at Gatun Locks. Coincident with the rail repair,

maintenance crews also began repairing damaged rack sections and other

integral parts of the tow track system as required. Fifty-four 6-foot sections were replaced at the locks in fiscal year 1981. In fiscal year 1982, a total of 155

sections were replaced.

Work on Phase II of the expansion of the Gatun Lake Anchorage was

initiated in May 1982. Phase I, which enlarged the original 777-acre

anchorage by 39 percent, was completed during fiscal year 1980. The project, as originally planned and initially executed, provided for the removal of

underwater trees to 45-foot depth by explosive charges. During the early

stages of Phase II, it was determined that satisfactory result could be

attained by suspending a 35-ton dredge spud under a work barge and

pushing the barge through the work area with a tug. The new procedure

significantly reduced the time and expense of clearing the anchorage.
16 CANAL OPERATIONS

Completion of Phase II will enlarge the anchorage by an additional 205

acres. Upon completion of the project, the total area of the anchorage will have increased in size by slightly over 50 percent. The expanded anchorage

facilities in Gatun Lake will provide greater flexibility in the scheduling of

ships transiting the Canal.

Two Canal improvement projects completed during the year significantly

extended visibility and increased the safety of navigation in Gaillard Cut. La

Pita Hill on the east bank of the Canal and Lirio Hill on the west bank are located approximately 2,500 feet apart on opposite ends of an S-shaped

curve in the narrowest portion of the Canal. To achieve the desired line of

sight in this critical area, some 700,000 cubic yards of rock material were removed at La Pita Hill and another 634,000 cubic yards excavated at Lirio

Hill. The lowering of both hills to an elevation of 40 feet above the water level extended visibility roughly 1,000 feet at La Pita and 1,400 feet at Lirio. The rewinding and uprating of two hydroelectric generators at the Madden Generating Plant was accomplished during the fiscal year. A $1.3

million contract was also negotiated to rewind and uprate the third unit with

work scheduled to begin in April 1983. The old generators were installed during the 1930s and converted to 60-cycle operation in 1957. Completion of

this project will substantially reduce the probability of generator failure. In addition, the nominal capacity of each unit will be increased from 8,000 KW

to 12,000 KW which will provide more peaking power, increase

hydroelectric generating capacity during wet years, and reduce generating

costs.

In April 1982, a new Atlantic anchorage surveillance signal station was

completed at a cost of roughly one-half million dollars. The marine type

radar, located on top of the Cristobal Administration Building, has greatly

enhanced the capability of signal station personnel to detect, establish the

position, and monitor the movement of all vessels within the Cristobal

harbor, anchorage, and up to 12 nautical miles to sea. The signal station houses three work stations and service facilities for Marine Traffic Control

computer terminals, radio and telephone communications, signal lights, and

remote closed circuit television system. The 24-hour per day operation

provides for more effective surveillance and control of the anchorage and the Atlantic approach to the Canal. Pursuant to a recommendation of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in their Panama Canal Dam and Spillway Inspection Study completed in fiscal year 1981, a contract was awarded for the purchase and installation of a weather surveillance radar system. The S-Band ( 10-centimeters wavelength)

radar is designed to meet the U.S. National Weather Service specifications

for severe weather monitoring network stations and will provide location

and intensity information on severe rainfall systems within 450 kilometers of

Panama City. Digitized precipitation data will also be provided for flood

control use within 100 kilometers of the Canal. This capability will greatly
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 17

increase the real time knowledge of flood events within the Gatun drainage

basin and permit a much earlier implementation of flood control

procedures.

The voltage conversion of the machinery transformer rooms and motor

controllers at the locks from 240 volts to 480 volts was continued during

fiscal year 1982. In the machinery transformer rooms, the obsolete Rolls- Smith breakers are being rebuilt with molded case circuit breakers mounted

on the existing roll-out mechanisms. In conjunction with the transformer room conversion, the motor controllers are being replaced on all miter gates,

cylindrical valves, rising stem valves, fire pumps, and other associated

equipment. The transformer room conversion at Pedro Miguel Locks was

completed in early 1982. Work is currently underway at Miraflores Locks on

both the transformer room and motor controllers. Following completion of

the Miraflores Locks portion of the project, the controllers will be replaced

at Pedro Miguel. The Gatun Locks conversion is the final phase of the project and will be programmed for future years.
18 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS
Chapter III

SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Supporting operations of the Panama Canal Commission provided

essential support services to the operation and maintenance of the waterway

and the agency's facilities, as well as to other U.S. agencies on the Isthmus

and to employees and their dependents. These operations included

Logistical Services, Employee Services, Sanitation and Grounds Management, Transportation Facilities, Public Utilities, Police and Fire Protection,

Canal Protection, Health and Safety, and Library Services. LOGISTICAL SERVICES

The Storehouse Division provided centralized procurement, inventory

management, warehousing, distribution, contract administration, supply

and property disposal support to Canal operations. Major contracting

activities included approximately $14.2 million in Bunker "C'fuel purchases

for thermoelectric generation, purchase and receipt of the tug Amistad for $3.8 million, $1.5 million purchase of a split hull dump barge for dredging

operations, and $1.3 million purchase of design materials and technical

services for uprating the third hydro turbine generator at Madden Dam. Ten new locks towing locomotives procured in previous years were received and

placed into service at Gatun Locks.

The Storehouse Division's excess disposal activities included transfers to other U.S. Government agencies of equipment having an original

acquisition value of approximately $1.1 million, while property sold to the Government of Panama at fair market value amounted to approximately

$70,000.

With the elimination and subsequent sale by the U.S. Maritime

Administration of the Commission's vessel, the SS Cristobal, the Storehouse Division assumed responsibility for handling all of the

19
20 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Commission's cargo. Arrangements were made for the Commission to participate under the Military Sealift Command's contract out of the gulf

port of New Orleans using primarily containerization capability.

Approximately 15,000 measurement tons of containerized and breakbulk

cargo were shipped under the contract to the port of Balboa during the year,

at a considerable saving in transportation expense to the agency. EMPLOYEE SERVICES

During fiscal year 1982, the Commission managed housing, other

Commission-owned buildings, and recreational facilities for the agency, its employees and their dependents. The housing livability program, which

permits limited improvements with rental payback to housing retained for use by Commission employees, was continued, as were programs for enhancing quarters security, quarters energy conservation and preventive

maintenance.

In accord with provisions of the treaty and considerably ahead of the required time schedule, the Commission determined that 168 housing units

in the Atlantic sector were excess to its needs and transferred the use of those

units to the Republic of Panama. Several buildings and building complexes,

e.g., the Balboa Police Station, the U.S. District Courthouse at Ancon and

the former Supply Division Warehouse at Mount Hope, were also

transferred to Panama. All transfers were made in accordance with Public

Law 96-70.

SANITATION AND GROUNDS MANAGEMENT

The mission of the Sanitation and Grounds Management Division is to control and eliminate vectors of disease as well as to manage the care of

grounds in employee housing areas and around Panama Canal Commission

facilities. The Sanitation Division, a former unit of the Office of Health and

Safety, was merged with the Grounds Management Branch, formerly of the Community Services Division, to form a new major division designed to more effectively conduct vegetation control and health-related drainage

maintenance programs.

One of the most significant adverse developments in the area of

environmental concern was the arrival in the Canal area of the Africanized

honeybee. Several years ago, this aggressive strain of bee was introduced

into Brazil. The infestation has spread from Brazil in an ever-widening circle. The Africanized bee is reported to be responsible for many human and

animal deaths since its arrival in South America.

Major efforts during the year were dedicated to the development of both

long and short term plans to improve both security and operational

efficiency at the two sanitary landfill refuse disposal facilities which receive
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 21

garbage and trash generated in the Canal area and in municipal areas of Panama. The continuing need to control vegetation along the 50-mile, high

voltage transisthmian power lines was also met. TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

The Motor Transportation Division operated and maintained a consolidated motor pool of 846 vehicles designed to meet the vehicular

transportation requirements of the Commission. The vehicle fleet in fiscal year 1982 included 629 trucks of various types, 141 passenger-carrying

vehicles, and 76 special-purpose vehicles. Vehicle mileage increased slightly

from 7,950,000 miles in fiscal year 1981 to 7,961 ,000 miles in fiscal year 1982. Fully equipped shops, includinga tire retreading plant and heavy duty repair

shops, provide facilities for overhauls, maintenance and repairs to the Motor

Transportation Division fleet and equipment of other Commission units. In addition, some services were contracted out where they were available in required quantity and quality in Panama. The vehicle inspection facilities located within the Motor Transportation Division areas were used by the Government of Panama to conduct inspections of privately-owned vehicles and by the Motor Transportation Division to perform Commission vehicle inspections.

PUBLIC UTILITIES AND ENERGY

Panama Canal Commission facilities include electric power generation

and distribution systems, communication systems, water purification and

distribution systems, and a central chilled water air-conditioning system for certain public buildings on the Pacific side. Total Canal area energy demand during fiscal year 1982 was 558 gigawatt

hours, a 0.4 percent increase from the 556 gigawatt hours used last year. The

peak hourly demand of 89 megawatts reached on March 26, 1982, was 1.1 percent above the peak of 88 megawatts in the prior year. Agency-wide

energy consumption in fiscal year 1982 for electrical power and fuel, calculated together in Btu's, was reduced a total of 25.1 percent from the energy conservation baseline period of fiscal year 1975. Electrical power

consumption by the Commission, 72.6 gigawatt hours, was 3.3 percent

below the usage levels recorded for comparable operations in fiscal year

1975; fuel consumption (excluding fuel for power generation), 4.4 million

gallons, was 42.9 percent below the corresponding fiscal year 1975 baselines. The water treatment and distribution systems operated by the Commission provide potable water for the Canal area and areas of the Republic of Panama. The Pacific side system serves the Canal area, Panama

City, and suburban areas; and the separate Atlantic side system serves the Canal area, the city of Colon, and suburban areas. During fiscal year 1982,

the two systems supplied 3,074 million cubic feet of potable water to consumers, an increase of about 0.4 percent over the previous year.
22 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

Water Consumption by Areas

(Millions of cubic feet)

Fiscal vear

1 1982 1981

' Canal Area 722 726 Panama City and suburbs 1 ,6 1

2

1 ,638 Colon and suburbs 740 697

Total 3.074 3,061 The water provided to Panama City in fiscal year 1982 was 1.6 percent

below fiscal year 1981 consumption and averaged 32.7 million gallons per day throughout the fiscal year. POLICE AND FIRE PROTECTION

During the first 6 months of operation in fiscal year 1982, the Police

Division, in coordination with the Panama National Guard, worked to preserve public peace and order, protect life and property, and prevent crime

throughout Commission areas. The dual jurisdictional concept and joint

patrol with the Panama National Guard provided law enforcement services

in an efficient manner. The Panama Canal Commission Police Division ceased operations at midnight, March 31, 1982, in conformance with the Panama Canal Treaty.

Police Division employees who desired to continue employment with the Commission were placed in positions under reduction-in-force procedures.

The Balboa Police Station was transferred to the Government of Panama

and is being used as a police station by the Panama National Guard. The

Cristobal and Gamboa police stations were assigned to the Government of

Panama on letters of authorization agreements for continued use as police

stations. All Police Division property and equipment were transferred or disposed of in accordance with excess property procedures.

During the 6-month period, 85 persons subject to U.S. jurisdiction were

arrested compared to 131 persons arrested during the same period in fiscal year 1981. A total of 484 persons subject to Panamanian jurisdiction were

arrested in the Canal area and handled by the Republic of Panama

authorities during this 6-month period, compared with 389 during the same

period in fiscal year 1981. The Panama Canal Commission Fire Division, in coordination with the Panama Fire Corp, is reponsible for fire protection, firefighting, and rescue operations in Canal operating areas, defense sites, civilian and military areas

of coordination, and shipboard firefighting on all vessels in Commission

waters. During fiscal year 1982, there were 726 fires (excluding ships), causing a

loss of $390,355 as compared to 723 fires in fiscal year 1981 which resulted in a loss of $205,234. There were 1 1 ship fires during this fiscal year versus 7 in the previous fiscal year. Ship fire losses in fiscal year 1982 were $2,8 1 3, 1 55 as compared to $1,750 the year before.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 23 CANAL PROTECTION

The Canal Protection Division provides protection and physical security

for vital installations and related facilities of the Panama Canal Commission

through the prevention and detection of sabotage, theft and pilferage; and

the prevention of unauthorized use of Government property, equipment and

facilities. On March 31, 1982, the end of the transition period, the Canal

Protection Division assumed responsibility for the Commission's

environmental protection function.

A comprehensive professional security assessment of the Canal

Protection function was conducted by the United States Southern

Command during the year. HEALTH AND SAFETY

The Office of Health and Safety is responsible for the agency's

occupational health, industrial hygiene, safety and zoonotic disease control

programs. The Office of Health and Safety maintains close liaison with the U.S. Army Medical Department Activity (MEDDAC), Panama on all matters pertaining to the health care provided to Commission employees,

their dependents and others sponsored by the agency. The office also maintains liaison with components of the Department of Defense, other

elements of the U.S. Government, and appropriate officials and

organizations of the Government of Panama relative to health matters. In addition, the Office of Health and Safety is responsible for monitoring,

overseeing and establishing policy for the agency's environmental sanitation

program.

During fiscal year 1982, the Office of Health and Safety, in coordination

with the Claims Branch, arranged with two private clinics, one on each side of the Isthmus, to provide medical treatment for performance of duty

injuries sustained by those non-U. S. citizens for whom the Commission has

responsibility under the Federal Employees' Compensation Act. This group

of employees lost eligibility for treatment at U.S. Army Medical Department

Activity (MEDDAC), Panama facilities on April 1, 1982. Work place safety, employee safety training, and accident prevention

continued to receive management emphasis at all levels in the organization.

During fiscal year 1982, the Commission experienced 609 performance of

duty accidents in which the injured employee required medical attention

beyond first aid as compared to 876 such accidents in fiscal year 198 1 . Four

fatal accidents occurred in fiscal year 1982 compared to none in fiscal year

1981. LIBRARY SERVICES

The Library Services Branch of Community Services Division is responsible for providing mission-support information and research to the Panama Canal Commission, maintaining a special collection of library and

three-dimensional materials relating to the history of the Panama Canal,
24 SUPPORTING OPERATIONS

and providing limited general library service to Commission employees and

their dependents, U.S. Forces and their dependents, and to the extent

possible, other Isthmian residents. The circulation index increased from 874.6 in fiscal year 198 1 to 1 ,942.9 in

fiscal year 1982. The reference index remained at 9.9, the same as the prior

fiscal year. Total items in the library decreased from 252,360 to 246,700.
Chapter IV

ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

PERSONNEL

FORCE EMPLOYED AND RATES OF PAY

At the end of fiscal year 1982, the total Isthmian force of the Commission

was 8,363 compared to 8,490 employees in fiscal year 1981. Of the total in 1982, 7,559 were full-time permanent and 799 were part-time and temporary.

In addition, there were 5 military personnel assigned to the Commission on

the Isthmus. Twelve persons, all U.S. citizens, were employed by the Commission in New Orleans and Washington, D.C.

Approximately 75 percent of the total Isthmian force was comprised of

Panamanians; 3 percent of third country nationals; and the remaining 22

percent of U.S. citizens. Rates of pay were established on a Canal Area Wage

Base for occupational categories normally filled by recruitment on the Isthmus prior to the treaty effective date of October 1, 1979; on a U.S. Wage

Base for positions normally filled by recruitment from the United States

prior to October 1 , 1 979; on a New Wage Base for employees hired locally on

or after October 1, 1979; and on a Critical Skill Wage Base for employees

hired into critical skill occupations after October I, 1979. The following

table shows the Commission permanent full-time Isthmian work force by

citizenship and wage base.

Fiscal Year 1982 Canal Area Wage Base

U.S. Wage Base New Wage Base

Critical Skill Wage Base

Total

The total Commission payroll was $176.7 million in fiscal year 1982

compared to $157.8 million in fiscal year 1981. Of the total Commission

fiscal year 1982 payroll, $104.0 million was paid to non-U. S. citizen employees and $72.7 million to U.S. citizen employees.

25

NonU.S. US. Total 108 3,570 3,678

1,491 1,584 3,075 42 676 718

15 73

5,903

88 1^656 7,559
26 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM

During fiscal year 1982, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

reviewed and approved the Panama Canal Commission's Multi-Year

Affirmative Action Program Plan, FY 1982-FY 1986, and the Plan for Prevention of Sexual Harassment in the Workplace. The affirmative action

plan reflects the acengy's efforts to identify areas of underrepresentation,

establish employment goals, and develop strategies to eliminate barriers to equal job opportunity. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

commended the Panama Canal organization for its voluntary compliance

efforts in developing and implementing an affirmative action program.

Formal complaints filed with the Commission increased from 8 in fiscal year 198 1 to 14 in fiscal year 1982. Similar to the prior year, the joint factor of

race/ color was the primary factor/ basis of the formal complaints filed. The

number of complaints filed on the basis of handicapping conditions also increased. No complaints were filed by women during the year. Of the total number of complaints filed eleven were non-U. S. citizens. A breakdown of

the ratio of complaints versus the work force was as follows:

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 ' Formal EEO complaints 14 8 Work Force 7,740 8,090 Ratio of complaints versus work force 1:550 1:1000

Between fiscal year 1981 and fiscal year 1982, the agency work force decreased in total numbers; however, the percentage of males and females

versus the total work force remained the same as shown below:

Fiscal vear 1982 Fiscal year 1981 i r Female 785 (10.1%) 800 (10.1%) Male 6.955 (89.9%) 7,124 (89.9%)

As a result of efforts since the treaty to employ Panamanians in compliance with the Panamanian Preference Program, and the cessation of

certain Commission functions which were comprised predominantly of U.S.

citizens, Panamanians now account for 75 percent of the agency work force. Significant progress has been made at the occupational level in the employment of additional Panamanians.

The number of Panamanians in senior professional and supervisory

positions also continued to increase. Many Panamanians now occupy

middle management and first-line supervisory positions throughout the Commission. In a special study of Panamanian participation in Commission

managerial positions, the Office of Equal Opportunity identified Panamanians occupying 120 or 26.4 percent of the total 454 managerial

positions.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 27

During fiscal year 1982, the program responsibility for the Affirmative

Action Program for Handicapped Individuals was transferred from the

Office of Personnel Administration to the Office of Equal Opportunity.

PUBLIC AFFAIRS

During fiscal year 1982, the Office of Public Affairs continued to expand

agency communications with the local and international media. Strong

emphasis was placed on creating closer relations with local news media

(press, television, radio and publications) and in participating in exhibits,

symposiums, and seminars in the Republic of Panama. The Office of Public

Affairs also expanded contacts with the world maritime industry and

dedicated considerable effort towards increasing Panama Canal Commission participation in international conferences and seminars. A new exhibit,

"Shipping is our Business," was placed on display in appropriate forums to highlight the traffic records established in the three years since treaty

implementation. The Office of Public Affairs handled 287,730 visitors at Miraflores and Gatun Locks and conducted 1 ,0 1 7 tours of the locks facilities during the year. OMBUDSMAN

The Office of the Ombudsman, established by the implementing

legislation for the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, continued to respond to employee and dependent complaints, grievances and requests for information. Generally, client traffic required the Ombudsman to investigate administrative problems, inefficiencies, omissions, and policy

conflicts caused within the Panama Canal Commission and other U.S. Government agencies on the Isthmus as a result of the Treaty. However, the widest latitude possible was applied to problems affecting employee morale

and quality of life. During fiscal year 1982, over 1,920 requests for information and/ or

assistance were recorded by the Ombudsman. As in the previous year, the majority of the Ombudsman's work concerned Commission employees and

those employees who were transferred with their functions from the Panama

Canal Company/ Canal Zone Government to the Department of Defense.

Regardless of the ever changing variety and scope of complaints and

questions raised, the root cause remained the same, i.e., treaty stress and

strain in the workplace and in personal life. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

On October 20, 1981, the Federal Labor Relations Authority, Region VI,

certified the unions which had won the self-determination election held on May 5/6 1981. The unions certified by the FLRA to represent Commission

bargaining units were as follows: the Maritime/ Metal Trades Council, AFLCIO Panama Area (a union coalition consisting of the National Maritime
28 ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF

Union of America, the International Organization of Masters, Mates and

Pilots, and the Metal Trades Council) representing both a professional and

non-professional bargaining unit; National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association, District No. 1 —Pacific Coast District representing a licensed

marine engineer unit; and the International Association of Fire Fighters

representing a fire fighting unit. These four bargaining units, together with

the Panama Canal pilot unit, which is represented by the International

Organization of Masters, Mates and Pilots, comprise the organized labor

structure of the Panama Canal Commission pursuant to the Federal Service

Labor-Management Relations Statute, 5 U.S. Chapter 71. Based upon July

1982 data (including temporary employees), approximately 8,970 employees

or 94 percent of the work force were represented by labor unions.

Bargaining commenced on the non-professional contract, January 21, 1982; on the professional contract, March 9, 1982; on the licensed marine

engineer contract, April 6, 1982; and on the fire fighting unit contract,

September 20, 1982. A three-year licensed marine engineer contract was

signed on September 17, 1982.
Chapter V

FINANCIAL REPORT

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1982

The Panama Canal Commission is an appropriated fund agency of the Executive Branch of the United States Government provided for by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, and established by the Panama Canal Act of

1979 (Public Law No. 96-70). The Commission is expected to recover, through tolls and other revenues, all costs of operating and maintaining the Canal, including interest, depreciation, capital for plant replacement,

expansion and improvements, and payments to the Republic of Panama for public services and annuities, in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article III and paragraphs 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII, respectively, of the Panama

Canal Treaty of 1977. Revenues from tolls and all other sources are deposited in the United States Treasury in an account known as the Panama

Canal Commission Fund. Appropriations for operating expenses and

capital improvements are enacted annually by the Congress and are limited

to the sum of the estimated receipts for the year, plus any unexpended

balances in the Panama Canal Commission Fund. The Commission's

accounts are kept on an accrual basis of accounting in accordance with

generally accepted accounting principles, while the status of appropriated

funds is determined on a funded (obligation-incurred) basis. The financial statements of the Panama Canal Commission, appearing as Tables 1 through 6, with accompanying notes, present the financial position

of the Commission at September 30, 1982 and the results of its operations for the fiscal year then ended.

The accounts and statements of the Panama Canal Commission have been

examined by the General Auditor of the Commission and by the U.S. General Accounting Office. Detailed audit reports of the United States General Accounting Office are directed to the Congress and are presented as Congressional documents.

29
30 FINANCIAL REPORT

Summary information concerning operating results and capital

expenditures follows:RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net revenue from operations amounted to $1.3 million. Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of

1977 subject to the limitations set forth in Chapter 3, Subchapter V, Section

1341(b)(2) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), the net revenue was reduced by the fiscal year 1981 unrecovered costs of $0.9

million, leaving a balance of $0.4 million, payable to the Government of

Panama. The Commission will request a supplemental appropriation in

fiscal year 1983 for purposes of making this payment.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

Accrued capital expenditures for fiscal year 1982 amounted to $24.9

million. The principal expenditures were $7.4 million for purchase of towing

locomotives, $5.4 million for purchase of tugboats, $1.4 million for construction of a ship tie-up station and $0.7 million for chamber lighting at Gatun and Pedro Miguel locks.

32 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 1.—Balance Sheet

Assets 1982 1981 Property, Plant and Equipment:

At cost (Note 1c) $853,314,309 $866,931,982

Less accumulated depreciation and valuation allow- ances (Notes le, 2 and 3) 386,676,308 400,615,590

466,638,001 466,316,392

Current Assets: Fund balances and cash (Notes 4, 5 and 6a): Operating funds 74,440,013 59,433,349

Capital funds 21,424, 115 25,475, 158 Emergency fund 10,000,000 10,000,000

Postal fund 167,723 169,352 Trust fund 1,015,983 1,196,306 Cash receipts for deposit into U.S. Treasury 576,536 368,145

107.624,3 70 96.642,310

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $50,612 and $125,760. respectively (Note 10 9,987,875 11,278,598 Other receivables (Note 7) , 826,867 1,201,581 10,814,742 12,480,179

Inventories, less allowance for obsolete and excess stock

of $800,000 and $717,561, respectively (Note lg). . . . 34,580,616 40,284,331

Other current assets 203,737 360,073

153,223,465 149,766,893

Other Assets:

Deferred charges: Cost of early retirement benefits (Notes lhand6b) 332,520,000 350,650,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees

of predecessor agencies (Note I h) II ,940,000 1 2,4 1 6,000 Other 816,426 1,020,532 345,276,426 364,086,532

917,258

345,276,426 365,003,790

Unrecovered costs due from subsequent revenues (Notes lb and 8) 917,258

Total Assets $965,137,892 $981,087,075
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION

September 30, 1982 and 1981

33

Liabilities 1982 1981 Investment of the United States Government

invested capuai:

Interest-bearing (9.178% and 8.402%, respectively) (Note 9) $89,763,345

Non-interest-bearing 258,511,310

348,274,655

Current budgetary accounts (Note 4): Obligated operating funds 74,440.013 Obligated capital funds 15,705.670 Unobligated capital funds 5,718,445 Unobligated emergency fund 10,000,000 105,864,128 454,138,783

5128,419,111 249,101,935 377,521,046

59,433,349

17,371,012 8,104,146

10,000,000 94,908,507 472,429,553

Current Liabilities: Accounts payable (Note 6a): U.S. Government agencies (Note 10) Government of Panama

Other

Accrued liabilities: Employees' leave

Salaries and wages

Cost of early retirement benefits (Notes lh and 6b) Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies (Note lh) Employees' repatriation Ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 11) Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note 12) Other

Other current liabilities: Advances for capital (Notes Id and 13) Unfunded ship accident claims (Notes 7 and 11) Other

22,808,314

7,090,498 6,197,843

36,427,154

5,624,977

19,560,000

1,483,000

1,743,000 11,032,030

378,635

2,027,612

23,336,205 20,553,489 916,418

44,806,112

159,179,175

19,367,682 8,397,367 3,672,626 36,096,655 31,437,675

34,711,831 5,278,400

18,130,000

1,506,000 2,427,000

11,514,828

1,120,525 78,276,408 74,688,584

16,785,190

13,870,414

1,195,849 31,851,453

137,977,712

Long-Term Liabilities and Reserves:

Cost of early retirement benefits (Notes lh and 6b) 312,960,000 Retirement benefits to certain former employees of predecessor agencies (Note lh) 10,457,000 Employees' repatriation 10,998,000 Lock overhauls (Note li) 8,294,198 Casualty losses (Notes lj and 14) 9,110,736 351,819,934 Total Liabilities $965,137,892

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

332,520,000

10,910,000

10,086,000

7,965,051 9,198,759 370,679,810

$981,087,075

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 35

Table 2.— Statement of Operations and Non-Interest-Bearing Investment

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1982 and 1981

1982 1981 Operating Revenues:

Tolls (Note lb) $325,589,097 $303,080,358 Advances for capital (Note Id) (681,000) (9,876,000) Net tolls revenue 324,908,097 293,204,358 Other 1 12,946,382 94,822,263 Advances for capital (Note 13) (5,870,015) Net other revenue 107,076,367 94,822,263

Total operating revenue 431,984,464 388,026,621

Operating Expenses:

Payments to the Government of Panama (Note 12): Public services 10,000,000 10,000,000 Fixed annuity 10,000,000 10,000,000 Tonnage 61,193,887 56,862,970 81,193,887 76,862,970

Maintenance of channels and harbors

(Notes 1L and 6c) 45,203,812 29,598,168 Navigation service and control 79.067,472 65,799,050 Locks operation 45,998,340 41,049,238 General repair, storehouse, engineering and mainte- nance services 11,305,378 11,209,161 Transportation and utilities 36,403,300 36,221,226 Housing operations 8,136,555 6,677,494 General and administrative (Note 15) 72,226,412 69,979,767

Interest 9,123,826 11,254,119 Other 42,029,589 40,292,686

Total operating expenses 430,688,571 388,943,879

Net Operating Revenue (Loss) (Notes lb, 8 and 12) ... 1,295,893 (917,258)

Invested Capital Non-Interest-Bearing:

Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1981 (recovered) deferred (Notes lb and 8) (917,258) 917,258 Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Note 12) (378,635) Investment at beginning of fiscal year 249,101,935 236,530,780 Miscellaneous receipts deposited into the U.S. Treasury 368,145 1,661,600 Due U.S. Treasury for undeposited receipts (576,536) (368,145)

Plant reactivations 493,940 23,58

1

Interest on investment 9,123,826 1 1,254,1 19 Invested Capital—Non-Interest-Bearing at End of

Fiscal Year $258,511,310 $249,101,935 The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
36 FINANCIAL REPORT

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38 FINANCIAL REPORT

Table 4.— Statement of Changes in Financial Position

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1982 and 1981

1982 1981 Source of Funds: From Operations: Revenue $431,984,464 $388,026,621

Less operating expenses:

Interest on interest-bearing investment 9,123,826 11.254,119 Payments to the Government of Panama

(Note 12) 81,193,887 76,862,970 Other expenses 340,370,858 300,826,790 Total operating expenses 430,688,571 388,943,879

Net operating revenue (loss) (Notes lb, 8 and 12) 1,295,893 (917,258) Unrecovered costs for fiscal year 1981 (recovered) deferred (Notes 1 b and 8) (91 7,258) 9 1 7,258 Net revenue payable to Government of Panama

(Notes lb, 8 and 12) (378,635) Add transactions not requiring outlay of funds: Depreciation (Note le) 18,754,070 17,813,844 Amortization and adjustment of deferred

items 204,106 251,607

Provision for lock overhauls (Note li) 3,544,000 3,093,000 Provision for casualty losses (Note lj) 12,200,000 12,200,000

Interest on interest-bearing investment 9,123,826 11,254,119 Other (Note 6b) 6,249,901 326,901

Total source of funds 50,075,903 44,939,471

Application of Funds: Lock overhauls expenditures 3,214,853 156,466 Casualty losses 1 2,288,023 5,379,383 Accrued capital expenditures 24,903,322 25,565,636 Reduction in investment of the U.S. Government 38,370,217 18,509,914

Total application of funds 78,776,415 49,611,399

Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital $(28,700,512) $(4,671,928)

Analysis of Changes in Working Capital:

Increase (decrease) in current assets: Cash $ 26,439 $(1,474,849) Receivables (1,665,437) (14,635,204)

Inventories (5,703,715) 14,541,037 Other (156,336) (1,150,006) (7,499,049) (2,719,022) Decrease (increase) in current liabilities: Accounts payable (4,658,980) (3,991.623) Accrued liabilities (Note 6b) (3,587.824) 18.398.775 Other (12.954,659) (16.360.058) (21,201,463) (1,952,906)

Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital $(28,700,512) $(4,671,928)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 39

Table 5.— Statement of Status of Appropriations

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1982 and 1981

Source of Appropriations (Tables 3A and 3B):

Operating funds: Current year operating appropriation

Obligated operating funds brought forward

Appropriation for repayment to the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury for the fiscal year 1980 appropriation

Restoration of fiscal year 1980 operating

appropriation

Capital funds: Current year capital appropriation (no year) .

.

Obligated capital funds brought forward

Unobligated capital funds (no year) brought

forward

Emergency fund (no year) .... Total Source of Appropriations

Application of Appropriations (Tables 3A and 3B): Operating funds: Expenditures from operating appropriations .... Expenditures from operating appropriations for repayment to the General Fund of the U.S. Treasury for the fiscal year 1980 appropriation

Obligated operating funds Unobligated operating funds lapsed

Capital funds: Expenditures from capital appropriations:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1 982

Obligated capital funds:

Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 1981

Fiscal year 1982 Unobligated capital funds (no year): Fiscal year 1980

Fiscal year 198 1 Fiscal year 1982

Unobligated emergency fund (no year) Total Application of Appropriations

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

$400,754,000

59,433,349 $373,050,000

76,894,964

350,000.000

4,892,198

460,187,349 804,837,162

19,766,000 17,371,012

8,104,146

45,241,158

10,000,000

31,560,000

16,630,877

3,555,245

51,746,122

10,000,000

$515,428,507 $866,583,284

$379,957,490 $363,891,567

74,440,013

5,789,846

350,000,000

59,433,349

31,512,246

460,187,349 804,837,162

4,492,971 14,559,299 4,764,773

14,734,646

11,536,318

358,549

4,618,448

10,728,673

4,162,768

13,208,244

599,957 845,934

4,272,554

1,288,708 6,815,438

45,241,158 51,746,122

10,000,000 10,000,000

$515,428,507 $866,583,284
40 FINANCIAL REPORT

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 41 NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Comptroller General of the United States approved the Accounting

Principles and Standards Statement of the Panama Canal Commission in his letter dated September 14, 1982. A summary of significant accounting

policies follows:

a. Accounting and reporting. As required by section 1311(a) of the Panama Canal Act of 1 979, hereinafter referred to as the Act, the accounts of

the Commission are maintained pursuant to the Accounting and Auditing

Act of 1950. This requires that the principles, standards and related requirements for accounting be met, as prescribed by the Comptroller

General of the United States, after consulting with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget

concerning their accounting, financial reporting and budgetary needs. The

Accounting and Auditing Act of 1950 also requires that the accounts be

maintained on an accrual basis.

b. Cost recovery. As required in section 1341(e)(1) of the Act, the application of generally accepted accounting principles to the Panama

Canal Commission, a United States Government agency comparable to a

rate-regulated public utility, determines the manner in which costs are recognized. The basis for tolls rates is prescribed in section 1602(b) of the

Act. This section of the Act, known as the "statutory tolls formula," provides

that:

"Tolls shall be prescribed at rates calculated to produce revenues

to cover as nearly as practicable all costs of maintaining and

operating the Panama Canal, together with the facilities and

appurtenances related thereto, including unrecovered costs incurred on or after the effective date of this Act, interest, depreciation, payments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to para- graph 5 of Article III and paragraph 4(a) and (b) of Article XIII of

the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, and capital for plant replacement, expansion, and improvements. Tolls shall not be prescribed

at rates calculated to produce revenues sufficient to cover pay- ments to the Republic of Panama pursuant to paragraph 4(c) of

Article XIII of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977." Under this statutory tolls formula, any unrecovered costs are to be

recovered from subsequent revenues. The amount for recovery from

subsequent revenues is transferred from Invested Capital to an account

within the Other Assets classification. Unrecovered costs are charged back

to Invested Capital to the extent subsequent annual revenues exceed annual

costs.
42 FINANCIAL REPORT

c. Property, plant and equipment. Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost or, if acquired from another Government agency, at the value determined by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.

Administrative and other related general expenses are recovered currently

and therefore not capitalized. The cost of minor items of property, plant and

equipment is charged to expense as incurred.

d. Advances for capital. A portion of tolls in excess of depreciation

recoveries may be programmed annually by the Board of Directors for plant

replacement, expansion, or improvements. Such funds are considered

capital advances from Canal users. Upon utilization, these advances are amortized through an offset to depreciation expense in an amount

calculated to approximate the depreciation on assets acquired with such

advances.

e. Depreciation. Depreciation is provided using a straight-line method

with additional annual depreciation, identified as composite, to provide for premature plant retirements.

f. Accounts receivable. Uncollectible accounts receivable of the Panama Canal Commission are recognized as a reduction in revenue when

written off. Any subsequent collections of Commission accounts receivable

previously written off are recorded as revenue. The allowance for doubtful accounts which appears on the Commission books is applicable only to the receivables of predecessor agencies.

g. Inventories. Operating materials and supplies are stated at average

cost, plus cost of transportation to the ultimate destination on the Isthmus of

Panama. An allowance has been established to reflect the estimated cost of

obsolete and excess stock.

h. Retirement benefits. Employer payments to the contributory United

States Civil Service Retirement System and to the Republic of Panama

Social Security System are charged to expense. The Commission has no

liability for future payments to employees under these systems.

Non-United States citizen employees who retired from predecessor

agencies prior to October 5, 1958 are not covered by the United States Civil Service Retirement System but do receive benefits under a separate annuity

plan. Payments made under this annuity plan are recorded as a current year expense. The liability of the Commission for future annuity payments to these former employees or their eligible widows is reflected in the balance

sheet as "Retirement Benefits to Certain Former Employees of Predecessor

Agencies" and an equal amount is recorded as a Deferred Charge.

As required by the Act, the Panama Canal Commission is liable for the

increase in the unfunded liability of the Unites States Civil Service

Retirement Fund which is attributable to benefits payable from that fund to,
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 43

or on behalf of, employees and their survivors under the early retirement

provisions of the Act. The annual installment to liquidate the increased

liability is determined by the Office of Personnel Management.

i. Reserve for lock overhauls. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of periodic lock overhauls.

j. Reserve for casualty losses. A reserve is provided through an annual

charge to expense to cover the estimated cost of marine accidents and otner

casualty losses.

k. Housing use rights. No monetary value is assigned to the rights

granted to the United States Government by the Republic of Panama to use Canal Area housing transferred to the Republic of Panama under the terms

of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977. The cost to manage, maintain and

provide livability improvements to these quarters is charged to expense. Rental income is included in other revenues.

1. Dredging costs. The recurring costs of dredging the waterway are charged to expense. Non-recurring dredging costs for substantial

improvements and betterments to the waterway are considered additions to plant and are capitalized and depreciated over their estimated service lives.

2. Plant Valuation Allowances.

At July 1, 1951, certain valuation allowances for property, plant and

equipment transferred from the Panama Canal (agency) to the Panama

Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government were established, to reduce to usable value the costs of the assets transferred. At October 1, 1979,

such valuation allowances as were applicable to the assets transferred from

the Panama Canal Company and the Canal Zone Government to the Panama Canal Commission were carried forward. At September 30, 1982

and at September 30, 1981, these valuation allowances amounted to $99.3

million and $1 16.6 million, respectively, comprised of: (a) $5.6 million and

$5.9 million to reduce to usable value the cost of property, plant and

equipment transferred; (b) $50.9 million to offset interest costs imputed for

the original Canal construction period; and (c) $42.8 million and $59.8

million to offset the cost of defense facilities and suspended construction

projects, the latter being principally the partial construction of a third set of

locks abandoned in the early part of World War II. Property, plant and equipment offset by valuation allowances, when fully or partially reactivated, are reinstated by a reduction in the valuation

allowance and by an increase to the non-interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in proportion to the value to the Commission of

the reactivated asset.
44 FINANCIAL REPORT

3. Depreciation as a Percentage of Average Cost of Plant. The provision for depreciation, expressed as a percentage of average cost of depreciable plant exclusive of valuation allowances, was 2.49% for fiscal year 1982 and 2.41% for fiscal year 1981.

4. Fund Balances and Cash.

The fund balances and cash are composed of the following:

Millions of Dollars Operating and capital funds $95.8

Emergency fund 10.0 Postal fund 0.2 Trust fund 1.6 Fund balances and cash $107.6

The fund balances and cash of $107,624,370 are made up of $104,375,796 on deposit in the United States Treasury, $2,021,770 on deposit in commercial banks and $1,226,804 on hand. Of the total, $105,864,128 is comprised of current budgetary accounts which include appropriated funds

for operations, capital and the emergency fund.

The emergency fund represents the amount on deposit in the United States Treasury which is to be used ". . . to defray emergency expenditures and to insure the continuous efficient and safe operation of the Panama Canal

when funds appropriated for the operation and maintenance of the Canal

prove insufficient for such purposes. . . ." The postal fund consists of outstanding money orders, postal savings and

interest accrued thereon. This fund will remain available until liquidated.

The trust fund primarily includes deposits made by customers for future

tolls, other service payments and undeposited receipts.

5. Panama Canal Commission Fund.

The Panama Canal Commission Fund, as established by the Panama

Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), is made up of receipts deposited

in the United States Treasury less appropriation warrants issued during the

fiscal year. The balance in this account, $143.9 million as of September 30,

1982, is available for future appropriations.

Section 1302 of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70)

provides that all appropriations necessary to operate the Panama Canal

shall be issued from the Panama Canal Commission Fund. The

appropriations for fiscal year 1980 were issued to the Commission from the General Fund of the United States Treasury. The status of the amount still owed to the General Fund of the United States Treasury for fiscal year 1980

is as follows:
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 45

Millions of Dollars Operating Appropriation $427.2

Capital Appropriation 36.6 $463.8

Returned to General Fund (9/80) $(17.9) Withdrawn from General Fund ( 1 2/ 80) 4.9 Repaid to General Fund (7/81) (350.0) Returned to General Fund (9/81) (15.1) Returned to General Fund (9/82) (.1) (378.2) Amount owed General Fund of U.S. Treasury as of September 30, 1982 $ 85.6

6. Accounting Changes.

The financial statements reflect various changes as follows:

a. "Unobligated operating funds to be returned to the U.S. Treasury" has been deleted. This change has no impact on the financial position or the operating results of the Commission.

b. The cost of early retirement provisions of the Panama Canal Act

of 1979 has been added to the balance sheet as a liability of the Commission for future payments to the United States Civil Service

Retirement Fund and an equal amount is recorded as a Deferred

Charge. This change has no impact on the financial position or operating results of the Commission.

c. Effective with fiscal year 1982, there was a change in the method of

applying the accounting policy for dredging costs. The effect of this change was to increase expense and reduce the capital advance

requirement. The precise dollar magnitude of this change cannot be

measured since these amounts were not isolated in the Commission's

operating accounts. However, the change did not have any impact on

net operating revenue.

7. Other Receivables.

Other receivables represent services provided in connection with ship

accidents for which the vessel is considered to be responsible awaiting final settlement. This amount is also included in the computation of estimated

liabilities established for ship accident claims.

8. Unrecovered Costs Due from Subsequent Revenues.

Pursuant to the provisions of section 1341(e) and section 1602(b) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70), the net loss of $0.9

million from fiscal year 198 1 operations was recovered from fiscal year 1982

operating revenue.
46 FINANCIAL REPORT

9. Interest-Bearing Investment of the United States Government.

The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government in the Panama Canal is determined based on section 1603(a) of the Panama Canal

Act of 1979. The interest-bearing investment of the United States Government at September 30, 1982 was determined as follows:

Millions of Dollars Investment at September 30, 1981 $128.4

Fiscal year 1982 transactions: Disbursements $403.8

Receipts (440. 1

)

Net property transfers (2.3) Net change (38.6)

Investment at September 30, 1982 $ 89.8

10. Accounts Payable— United States Government Agencies.

Included in the accounts payable to United States Government agencies

are ship accident and other claims in the amount of $ 19. 1 million that were forwarded to the Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. after reaching

a settlement or receiving a judgment for approval for payment.

11. Ship Accident Claims.

Liabilities arising from ship accident claims are divided into fund and nonfund categories. The fund category is made up of the following:

a. Accidents which occurred prior to October 1, 1979.

b. Accidents which occurred within the locks after September 30, 1979.

c. Accidents which occurred outside the locks after September 30,

1979, for which the claim or estimated liability is $120,000 or less per

ship per accident.

Settlement of liabilities for ship accidents which occurred outside the locks where the claim exceeds $120,000 requires specific Congressional

approval. Hearings covering the initial three claims are underway in Congress. Until Congressional action is completed, liabilities for these accidents are booked as non-fund.

12. Payments to the Government of Panama.

Based on Article III and Article XIII of the Treaty, the Government of Panama has received payment for public services, fixed annuity and thirty cents per Panama Canal net ton. In addition to these payments, net revenue

in the amount of $0.4 million is payable to the Government of Panama in accordance with paragraph 4(c) of Article XIII, which states that an annual

amount of up to $10 million will be paid out of operating revenue to the
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 47

extent that such revenues exceed expenditures of the Commission. This

amount is subject to the limitations set forth in section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70).

13. Advances for Capital— Transit Booking System Revenues. During fiscal year 1982, with approval of the Board of Directors, the Commission tested a system whereby shippers, for a fee, could make an advance reservation for vessel transit. The test continued for approximately

four months generating revenues of $5.9 million. By direction of the Board

of Directors, these revenues were set aside for capital improvements. Such

funds are considered capital advances from Canal users.

14. Reserve for Casualty Losses. The reserve for casualty losses at September 30, 1982 of $9.1 million

includes $8.8 million for marine accidents and $0.3 million for other casualty

losses. The monthly accrual for the reserve for marine accidents in fiscal year 1982 was $1.0 million per month for a total of $12.0 million.

15. Extraordinary Retirement.

The retirement of SIP-7 Emergency Gates and Miter Gate Latching

Devices was approved at the March 1982 meeting of the Board of Directors.

The retirement of these systems was recommended by the United States Army Corp of Engineers and reviewed by selected specialists of the Panamanian Society of Engineers and Architects at the request of the Panamanian Board members. The specialists also recommended the elimination of these systems. The net amount charged to operations was $2.6

million.

16. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments.

In addition to recorded liabilities, the estimated maximum contingent

liability which could result from pending claims and lawsuits was $10.9

million at September 30, 1982. In the opinion of management and

Commission counsel, these pending claims and lawsuits will be resolved with no material adverse effect on the financial condition of the agency. Commitments under uncompleted construction contracts and unfilled purchase orders amounted to $36.4 million at September 30, 1982. Of this amount, $0.1 million in unfilled purchase orders were prepaid. In addition,

the Panama Canal Commission is liable for an indeterminable amount with

respect to death and disability payments under the Federal Employees'

Compensation Act.
48 FINANCIAL REPORT

Cash and negotiable securities of a kind acceptable by the United States Government in the amount of $7.0 million were held by United States depositories designated by the Panama Canal Commission at September 30,

1982 to guarantee payment by third parties of their obligations.

The Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, Article XIII, paragraphic), provides

that an annual amount of up to $10 million per year be paid to the Government of Panama out of operating revenue to the extent that such

revenues exceed expenditures. Payment to the Government of Panama is subject to the limitations set forth in section 1341(e) of the Panama Canal

Act of 1979 (Public Law No. 96-70). In the event operating revenues in any

year do not produce a surplus sufficient to cover this payment, the unpaid

balance shall be paid from operating surpluses in future years up to the amount available from these surpluses. As of September 30, 1982, the balance contingently payable to the Government of Panama amounts to $26.9 million. The long-range financial impact of the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 is not considered in the financial statements of the Commission.
Chapter VI

STATISTICAL TABLES

Shipping Statistics

49
50 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 1. —Panama Canal Traffic —Fiscal Years 1973 Through 1982

Traffic assessed tolls Traffic assessed tolls on displacement

Total traffic on net tonnage basis tonnage basis Number Long tons Number Panama Number DisplaceFiscal of of of Canal net of ment

rear transits Tolls cargo transits tonnage transits tonnage Oceangoing Commercial Traffic 1

1973 13,841 $111,032,088 126,104,029 13.796 126,203.549 45 152,025

1974 14,033 119,422,568 147,906,914 13,984 135,715,628 49 200,376

1975 1 3,609 141,898,218 140,101,459 13,565 135,053,680 44 171,006

1976 12,157 134,204,402 117,212,266 12,123 127,778,919 34 131.258 *TQ 3,037 35,272,300 30,888,300 3.031 33,686,757 6 23,205

1977 11,896 163,826,571 122,978,785 11,868 133,353,132 28 108.642

1978 12,677 194,773,111 142,518,288 12,647 156.907,260 30 109,798 1979 12,935 208,376,741 154,110,866 12,902 167,470,601 33 136.600 1980 13,507 291,838,590 167,214,935 13,476 182,063.175 31 137,593

1981 13.884 301,762,600 323,958.366

171,221,762 185,452,33213,847 13,976188,656,491 202,884,207

37

33 111.418 1982 14,009 129,684

Oceangoing U.S. Government Traffic 1

1973 373 $2,285,727 1,405,428 311 2.478.646 62 303.033

1974 248 1,831,535 1,748,963 218 2,021,966 30 142.807 1975 170 1,376,797 727,983 526,497

177,508

14868

1,287,777 641,13722

17 122.953 1976 85 87,728 *TQ 18 166,779 55,383 13 118,300 5 65.025

1977 88 805,983 212,677 59 577.483 29 165,148

1978 103 889,093 291.115 70 589,085 33 214.145

1979 Ill 1,054,169 357,482 80 726,755 31 207,640

1980 101 1,515,326 396,481 73 844,748 28 217,055

1981 89 1,241,442 1,546,746 301,776

285,451 68

67

705.936

794.282

2143

143,121 1982 110 309.206

Free Oceangoing Traffic 1 2

1973 24 12,810 14 42,633 10 20,640

1974

1975 1976

23 1 I 56,364 12 27 244

7 2 694 5 10 400

38 5,635 17 22,854 21 41,655 *TQ

1977

4 3 1,474 1 1,800

13 380 8 21,252 5 10.380 1978 1979 .

.

5 4 3,789 I 1 100

10 1 8

3 4,5271,686

2

3 2,194 1980

1981 6 4,810

1

1

Total Oce/

4

9

\FFIC 1

2,248 5,0107

14 8,544

1982 23 21.903

INGOING TR/

1973 14,238 $113,317,815 127,522,267 14,121 128,724,828 117 475,698

1974 14,304 121,254,103 149,655,877 14.213 137,793,958 91 370,427

1975 13,786 143,275,015 140,627,956 13,715 136,342,151 71 304,359

1976 12,280 134,932,385 35,439,079

117,395,409 30,943,683

12,208 3,047 128,442,910

33,806,531 72

12 260,64

1

*TQ 3,059 90,030

1977 11,997 164,632,554 123,191,842 11,935 133,951,867 62 284,170

1978 12,785 195,662,204 142,809,403 12,721 157,500,134 64 325,043

1979 13,056 209,430,910

293,353,916

154,468,349

167,611,416

12,990

13,552 168.201,883 182,909,609 66

62 346.434

1980 13,614 359,458

1981 13,984 303,004,042

325.505.112

171,523,538

185,737,783

13,919

14.052 189.364,675 203,683,499

6590263.083

1982 14,142 460.793
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 51

Table 1. —Panama Canal Traffic— Fiscal Years 1973 Through 1982 (Continued)

Traffic assessed tolls Traffic assessed lolls on displacement

Total traffic on net tonnage basis tonnage basis

1 I

1 Panama Number Displacefrj scai of of of Canal net of mem

vear transits Tolls cargo transits tonnage transits tonnage

1973 .. 722 $59,518 39,466 722 73,903

1974 826 62,376 23,496 823 77,722 3 611 1975 804 52,684 7,939 798 54,174 6 1,120 1976 745 49,314 6,866 737 50,281 8 1,229 *TO 204 24,785 1.236 204 15.389 !977

' 759 39.960 2,820 751 48,717 8 1.108 1978 792 63,526 6,962 785 57,827 7 1,040 1979 936 76,591 7,718 934 69,229 2 94

1980 788 74,898 787 787 52,052 I 57

1981 .. 791 65,604 1,355 788 44,962 3 279

1982 830 73,228 928 826 50,399 4 315

1973

1974

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978 1979 1980

1981 1982

1973 1974

1975 1976 *TQ

1977

1978 1979 1980

1981 1982

1973

1974

1975

1976 *TQ

1977

1978 1979

1980

1981 1982

Number Long / tons .11 Number

of of of

transits Tolls cargo transits

S mall Commercial Traffic3

722 $59,518 39,466 722

826 62,376 23,496 823

804 52,684 7,939 798

745 49,314 6,866 737

204 24,785 1.236 204

759 39.960 2,820 751 792 63,526 6,962 785 936 76,591 7,718 934

788 74.898 787 787

791 65,604 1,355 788

Small U.S. Government Traffic3

118 $4,065 28 745 90 6,848

110 3,312 30 905 80 5,088

110 4,729 1 27 1,023 83 6,382

136 6,168 18 1,159 118 8,019 36 1.613 23 4 481 32 2,144 277 12,851 9.504

22

25 9531,446 255

162 16,769

187 8 10,742 315 14,375 9 48 2,865 267 15,519 276 15,129

10,712 29

16 1,357 751 247

209

14,313 225 2 10,431 241 10,757 12 415 229 10,973

Small F ree Traffic2 3

31 21

18 30

1,320 663

1,518

10

115

1,048 29 917

35 31 185 40 50 31 1,484 9 701

14 14 50 944

54 10 2,840 4 466

44 20 42 2,986 2 72

55 3 47 2,160 8 632

47 4141 2,317

2,613

6

9 560

50 1,012 58 70 40 2,803 18 1,172

Total Panama Canal T RAFFIC

15,109 $113,381,398 127,561,733 14,892 128,800,796 217 483,594

15,269 121,319,791 149,679.373 15,084 137,873,248 185 377,043

14,735 143,332,428 140,635,927 14,570 136,398,866 165 312,046

13,201 134,987,867 117,402,325 12,994 128,495,834 207 270.590

3,313 35.465,477 30,944.942 3,269 33.823,345 44 92,174

13,087 164,685.365 123,194,672 12,758 134.004,377 329 302,513

13,808 195,735.234 142,816,393 13.573 157,562,393 235 336,897

14.362 209,521,876 154,476,079 14,019 168,276,137 343 362,679

14.725 293.443.943 167,612,203 14,409 182,965,335 316 374,388

15,050 303,080.358 171,524,895 14,764 189,413,001 286 274.805

15,271 325.589,097 185,738.781 14,930 203,737,116 341 473.253

'Oceangoing traffic includes ships of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement

tons and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.).

2 Free traffic includes ships of the Colombian and Panamanian Governments and ships transiting for repairs at the Commission operated facilities. 'Includes vessels under 300 net tons. Panama Canal measurement (or under 500 displacement tons for vessels assessed on displacement tonnage)

•Effective 10-1-76 the fiscal year for all U.S. Government agencies was changed from July I through June 30, to October I through September 30. For continuity purposes. July. August, and September 1976 were designated the Transition Quarter.
52 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 53

Table 3. —Canal Traffic 1 by Flag of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1982

Measured tonnage

Flag

Algeria Argentina

Austria

Australia Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia Cuba

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

El Salvador

Finland France Ghana

Greece Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Iraq

Ireland

Israel Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Malaysia Malta Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Norway Panama

People's Republic of China .

.

Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Republic of China (Taiwan) . Saudi Arabia

Singapore South Africa South Korea

Spain Sudan Sweden

Switzerland Tonga

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United Nations

United States USSR

Vanuatu

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Total

Number

1 Panama

1 Long

of Canal Registered Ions of

transits nel gross 1 Tolls cargo

1

1 14,968 1 7,693 $24,997

3.295 262,659

20.283

8 163.067 187.571 183,293

13 288.411 351.076 481,646 184,959 26 146,677 168.195 233,055 78,619

79 1.552.289 1.846. 161 2.534.027 2,074.502

9 68.250 63,943 104.051 22.870

9 76,599 96,030 127,920 39,141

37 304,96

1

363,360 506,027 141.291 27 186.816 222,408 294,915 94.648

10 61.355 77,736 101,817 94,968

13 25.923 28,124 41,847 19.353

III 937.462 1,077,083 1,559,063 707,695

138 1.794.083 1.982.583 2.914,858 1.229,191 126 762,980 910,831 1,256,946 645.067

97 439.668 475,732 719,695 288.005

5 45,944 55,778 75,334 47,807 285 4,648,678 5.940.1 10 7,633,164 3,391.558

3 7,161 7,493 10,428 817

34 179,750 194,748 277.083 52.100 273 2,480.947 2.969,922 3,913,063 1.957.126

1 1.143 190.942

1,146 228,883

1.520

13 318.873 329,542

88 1,578.915 1.521,978 2,650,120 1,188,674

3 29,523 39,012 49,303 21,664

1.155 15.812,800 18.267,390 25,484,930 19,968,114

8 25,056 30,632 39,461 28,662

50 288,217 352.364 442,003 86,261

16 302,430 380,149 499,725 435,535

48 905,446 1,095,543 1,489,917 1,226,224 22 285,069 345.703 457,046 197,187

3 19,694 23,811 30,878 11,934

15 213,247 252.420 356,122 323,376

64 1,270,426 1,664.295 2,121,611 739.774

141 1,654,682 2,030.665 2,707,922 1.159,628

1,145 18,702,981 16.436,363 29,711,038 9.901,470

4 51,550 64,388 81,459 54.350

1.673 29.238,546 30,589,614 46,949,233 31,208.731

19 285,068 329,675 476.064 457,678

10 110,338 133,703 169,575 48,626

85 1,419,673 1,784,725 2,188.142 1,349.111

17 63.862 69,100 97.254 46.793 226 2,176,082 2,496,058 3.545,569 1.390.539

4 144,980 169,104 242.117 73,703

7 59,507 67,200 96,486 23,927 410 8,071,655 8,780,512 13,205,784 7,076,393

1,805 20,096,828 20,735,447 32,203,839 19,319,416

184 3,212,570 3.857,322 5,063,590 3,909,635 315 3.194.222 3,794,656 5,251.949 3,386,089

146 1.866,314 2,037,209 3,073,127 2.303,432

77 501,928 523,516 830,394 333,567 4 22,053 25,427 34,871 9,244

114 2,236.337 2,849,806 3,718,634 1,542.007

2 20,535 25,843 31.418 11,512

173 3,050.642 2,945,940 4,850.450 2,640.971

1 13,925 16,250 23,255 24,636 213 3,347,472 4,118,123 5,521,692 4.005,421

131 706,775 760,586 1,177,556 480.507

1 8.679 10,066 14,494 3.213

165 2.952,402 2,611,968 4,884,502 1,399,136 66 599,716 705.819 998.490 200,05

1

1 739 707 1,234 36

3 63,281 83,657 105,679 98,366

3 18,306 22,971 28,496 5,193 718 10,739.042 12,908,204 17,405,963 10,174,313

I 7.828 9,122 13,073 13,287 2,473 45,353.392 52,402.173 69,450,918 41,742,640

531 3,590.884 3,843.201 5,826,429 1,741,138 4 9,176 11,996 13.764 4,592

51 196,130 184,591 310,338 49,955

199 3,033,546 3.535.591 5,052,751 2.409.547 96 953,664 1 , 1 1 1 . 1 74 1,583,418 1,023,239

14,009 202,884,207 223,322,375 $323,958,366 185,452,332

1 Includes only commercial vessels of 300 net tons and over, Panama Canal measurement, or of 500 displacement ton and over on vessels paying tolls on displacement basis (dredges, warships, etc.).

2 Includes II transits where no registered tonnage was reported
54 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 3.— Canal Traffic 1 by Flag of Vessel —Fiscal Year 1982— Continued

NOTE—In Canal traffic statistics, foreign naval vessels such as transports, supply ships, tankers, etc.. with a measure- ment of 300 net tons (Panama Canal measurement) and over, and vessels of war, dredges, etc., with a displacement of 500

tons and over, are classified as oceangoing commercial vessels. Statistics on these vessels, except as related to displace- ment tonnage, have been included in the table above. As displacement tonnage cannot be combined with net tonnage,

the following table shows statistics covering 33 vessels which transited the Canal during fiscal year 1982 and paid tolls on

displacement tonnage.

Flag Type

Argentina Naval .

.

Chile do

France do

Honduras do

Japan do Mexico do

Netherlands Dredge

Peru Naval .

.

Spain do

United Kingdom do

United States Dredge

United States Naval .

.

West Germany do

Total

Number Displace- of ment

transits tonnage Tolls

1 3,543 $3,295

1 3,100 2,883

4 28,911 26,887

1 870 809

4 14,460 1 3,448

3 7,840 7,291 4 27,005 25,115

5 8,654 8,048

1 3,543 3,295

2 10,290 9,570

2 2,268 2,109

3 8,177 7,605

2 11,023 10,251 33 129.684 $120,606

56 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 57

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 59

Table 5. —Laden and Ballast Traffic by Flag of Vessel

Fiscal Year 1982

Algeria Argentina

Austria

Australia Bahamas

Belgium Bermuda

Bolivia

Brazil Bulgaria Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia Cuba

Cyprus

Czechoslovakia Denmark

Dominican Republic

East Germany

Ecuador

El Salvador

Finland Fiance Ghana

Greece Guatemala Honduras Hong Kong

India Indonesia

Iraq Ireland

Israel

Italy Japan

Kuwait

Liberia Malaysia Malta Mexico Morocco

Netherlands New Zealand

Nicaragua Norway Panama

People's Republic of China.

Peru

Philippines Poland

Portugal Republic of China (Taiwan)

Saudi Arabia

Singapore South Africa South Korea

Spain Sudan

Sweden

Switzerland Tonga

Turkey

United Arab Emirates

United Kingdom

United Nations

United Stales U.S.S.R Vanuatu

Venezuela West Germany

Yugoslavia

Total

1 Num- 1 Num- 1 ber Panama ber Panama

of Canal net of Canal net

transits

1 tonnage

14,968

Tolls $24,997

transits

1

tonnage Tolls

7 134.646 224,859 28,421 $37,800

13 288,411

111.691 48 1 .64617 186.524 9 34.986 46.531 72 1,380.832 2.305,989 7 171.457 228.038

6 39.054 65.220 3 29.196 38.831

9 76.599 295.378127.920 36 493.281 1 9,583 12,745 24 136.617 228.150 3 50.199 66,765

7 59,454 99,288 3 1.901 2,528

II 21,675 36.197 2 4,248 5,650

103 909,869 1,519,481 7 27,593 36,699

123 1,555.080 2.596,984 15 239,003 317,874

113 712,301 1.189,543 13 50,679 67,403 82 396,873 662,778 15 42,795 56,917

4 41,848 69,886 1 4,096 5,448 244 4,265,949 7,124.135 41 382.729 509.030

2 2.658 4,439 1 4,503 5.989

21 111.811 186,724 13 67,939 90.359 206 1.804.129 3,012,895 67

1 676,818

1 143 900.1681 520

13 190.942

1.539.047 318,873 80 2,570,208 4 39,868 53.024

3 29.523

13,099.723 49,303 952 21,876,537 203 2.713,077 3.608.392

6 18.048 30,140 2 7.008 9.321 29 170.192 284,221 20 118,025 156.973

15 286.743 478,861 1 15,687 20.864 44 840,216 1,403,161 4 65,230 86,756 20 229,129 382.645 2 55,940 74,400

2 13,780 23.013 1 5,914 7,866

15 213,247

1,270,426

1,491.749

356.122

2,121.611 2,491,221 17 64

124 162,933 216.701 914 14,184,193 23,687,602 227 4,518,788 6.009.988

3 37,934 63,350 1 13,616 18.109

1.364 23.711,670 39,598,490 309 5,526,876 7.350,745

19 285,068

67,134 476,0645 112,114 5 43,204 57,461 49 860,839 1.437,601 33 558.834 743,249

5 36,228 60.501 12 27,634 36.753

180 1.841,958 3.076,070 42 334.124 444,385

4 144.980

5 1 .006 242,1176 85,180 1 8,501 11.306 360 7.266,126 12,134,430 50 805.529 1,071.354

1.477 16,103,111 26.892,196 328 3.993.717 5.311,644

138 2,326,094 3,884,577 46 886.476 1.179.013

291 2.928,192 4.890,081 19 266.030 353.820

135 1,738,029 2,902,508 11 128,285 170.619 72 478.911 799,781 5 23.017 30,613

3 16,297 27,216 1 5.756 7.655

112 2.189,135 3.655.855 2 47.202 62,779

1 12,079 20,172 1 8.456 1 1.246 140 2.332,636 3.895,502 33 718.006 954,948

1 13.925 3,145,748 23,255 202 5,253,399 II 201,724 268,293

123 688,970 1,150,580 7 17,805 23.681

1 8,679 2,817,079

14,494

153 4,704,522 12 135.323 179.980 65

1 590.787 739

63.281

12.204

986.614

1,234 105,679

20,381

I

1

8,929 11.876

32 6,102 8.116 586 9.157,256 15,292,618 130 1,581.786 2,103,775

1 7,828 26.827,038

13.073

1.544 44,801,154 924 18.526,354 24,640.051 439 3,089.862 5,160.070 92 501,022 666.359

2 4,588 7,662 2 4,588 6.102

35 145.544 243.058 16 50.586 67.279

188 2,964.362 4,950,485 9 69, 1 84 92.015 93 926.602 1.547,425 3 27.062 35.992

11.185 158,828.720 $265,243,962 2.791 44.055.487 $58,593,798

Above table involves only commercial vessels of 300 net tons or over. Panama Canal measurement.
60 STATISTICAL TABLES

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Table 9.— Origin and Destination of Commercial Cargo Through the Panama Canal From Pacific to Atlantic During

Fiscal Year 1982 Segregated by Countries in Principal Trade Areas— Continued

[Long tons] To Europe West Coast North America:

United States: Alaska Hawaii Mainland

Total United States

Den- East Belgium mark Germany

5,300

427,421 25,015 432,721 25,015 West Coast Canada 454,195 West Coast Central America:

Costa Rica

El Salvador Guatemala Honduras

Mexico

Nicaragua Panama

Central America (other) 1 Balboa, R.P J Total Central America West Coast South America:

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru South America (other) 1 Total South America OCEANIA:

Australia

British Oceania .

.

French Oceania . New Zealand

Oceania (other) 1

, Total Oceania . ASIA:

China (Mainland) China (Taiwan) .

.

Hong Kong

Indonesia Japan

Malaysia

Philippine Islands Singapore South Korea

Thailand

Asia (other)1 Total Asia

Grand total

Percent of Atlantic-Bound Cargo

179 286

2,264

2.729

304,113

10,795 25,689 294.458

9,337 644,392

6.924

20,490 44,986

18,932 91,332

51,643

51,643

19

579

17.826

2,490

29,279

3,537 29,097

Netherlands Poland

46,159 857

57,807

1,705.688 233,360 605,756 1,809,654 857

342,785 611,006 388,317 159.569

233,360 605,756

3,540

10,908 378

91.242 268

12.606 73,868

8,903

143,000 637

54,828

133,053

18,063

10.335 22,735 43,492

5,122 81,684

346

1,366

4,865

40

10,765

448

10,305 440

2.296

13,489

49

148

3,554

17,382 4,102

30,305 289

3,401 1,853 12.848 30,028

125

7.331 25,676

1,063 42,793

51,712 109

10,288

15,456 117,073 100,748

309,759

14,314 180,838 24,938

29.097 186,887 349,581 529,849

2,871 23,349

5,490

14,277 45,987

7,547

501

84,939

3,609

1,031

1,143

2,729

28,351

18,580

Ro- mania

10,033

74,766

Spain/

Portugal

31 5,325 440

9,045 62,180

5,461 725

8,578

\ 91,786

114,737 284

3,637 47,206

6,971 172,835

34,301

302

10,928 45,531

11,785

12,608

United Kingdom U.S.S.R.

1,580 20.730

106,425 10,307 144,366 263,717 128,735 10,307

27,038 114,942 861,754 938,639

144,366 263,717

43

16,191 610

261

1,862

1,489

3,650

200,551

105,231

24

8,131

400

3.000

9,682

13,468

118,375 20,912 453 35,432

4.605 44,328

143,852 26,269

5,561 487,165

272,846 614,106

17,925 17,442 133,092

4,204

Yugoslavia

722

16,151

19,589 165,789 6,709

West Germany

2.608

147.447

Europe

(other)' 5,152 20,625

1,312,862

2,508 64,094

2,865

105,050

27,951 116

6,301 20,235

86,937

5.669 61,260 64,939

11,286

32,121

7,102 202,584 288,748

466,347

37,619

46,951 225,950

33,291

185,390

167,218

157,234

144,023 22,189

14,916 67,034

31,378 34,103

17.334 49,374

37,477

18,216 22,068

1.615

1.571

7,140

1,685

0.1 0.0 1.0 19 3 3 0.2 1 0.6 05 2.0 0.2 2.3 4.6

I Total 61.656

99,162

4,983,086 722 150,055 1,338,639 5.143.904

2,847 672,068 1,566,314 6,143,198

40,4 1

3

117,612

135,894

15,394

277,101

170,709 73,002 68,192

\ 898,318

1,824,151 254,613

412,921

1,558,151 642,317

208,238 810,158 676,054 4,692,153

247,762 213,279

91,923

328,031 261,297 208,088 169,666 1,142,292

7,547 2,580

3.171

162,281

3,609

40

50,784 230,012

1,677,012 62,052 29,097 877,554 1,701,007 2,971,151 211.993 86,721 494,164 449,132 1,732,514 1,622,118 218,909 2,065,021 4,051,432 18,249,877

20.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Faces p. 76


78 STATISTICAL TABLES

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PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 79

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80 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Atlantic to Pacific

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to: West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America . . Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America. . . . Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other Hawaii

Oceania

Australia New Zealand Other

Asia China Taiwan

Hong Kong

Indonesia Japan

Malaysia

Philippine Islands Singapore South Korea

Thailand U.S.S.R

Other

Total

East Coast Canada to

West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America . West Coast South America. .

.

Balboa, R.P

Oceania

Australia New Zealand

Other

Asia China Taiwan

Hong Kong

Japan

Philippine Islands South Korea ". Thailand U.S.S.R

Other

Total

East Coast Central America to: West Coast United States West Coast Central America . . West Coast South America. . . . Balboa, R.P

Fiscal vear

' 1982 1981 1980

'

2,388 2.703 2,604

601 876 904

2,067 2.595 3,325 304 232 271 5,000 5,27] 4,873

1.480 1.845 1,786 700 459 508 744 686 845

1,936 2.108 1,592 140 173 142 52 92 81 1,952 2,136 2,502

1,137 1,554 1,728 399 199 277 416 383 497

62,254 55,060 50,083

10,641 9,767 6,266

5.463 3,864 3,642 502 353 391 524 446 508

36,980 32,806 32,141 97 55 34 400 440 571 411 312 385

5,439 5,242 4,248

115 227 253

320 196 310

1,362 1,352 1,334 74,618 68,965 64,643

38 131951

I 27 53 47

141 194 186

2 3 184 200 224

80 99 136 22 25 18 82 76 70

1,219 1,580 1,486 296 468 243

57 34 128 62 53 56 628 775 894

6 10 1 20 36

3 60

29

22

127 141 135

1,611 2,059 1,998

135 31 19 2,306 1.382 1,251 69 91 70 99 180 211
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 81

Table 10.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes —Atlantic to PacificContinued

[Thousand\ of long lon>]

East Coast Central America to—Continued

Oceania

Australia New Zealand Other

Asia

i

,

>. al \car

1 1982 IMI IVHO

'

6 13 10

3 34

9

3 6 1 152 221 163 China 20 30 Japan 93 136 112 Other 59 65 2I_ Total 2,767 1,918 1,724 East Coast South America to

West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America

West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other

Balboa, R.P

Hawaii Oceania

Asia China Japan

South Korea

U.S.S.R

Other

Total Cristobal. R.P.. to: Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America

Other territories Total West Indies to: West Coast United States West Coast Canada

West Coast Central America

Balboa, R.P

West Coast South America

Chile Colombia

Ecuador

Peru Other

Hawaii

Oceania

Australia French Oceania New Zealand Other

Asia China Taiwan

Indonesia

408 297 968

37 21 46

1,014 1,273 1.854

1,845 1,904 1,506

1,203 1,431 1,162 285 284 223

249 52 21 23 72 23 85 65 77 46 139 117 38 25 106

9 2 10 2,208 2,475 1 ,883

14 88 34

1,924 2,020 1,750 240 259

77

51

30 31 48

5,605 6,136 6,490

33

3

1

3

1 1 37 4 1

752 647 1,024

12 77 4 728 296 396

195 339 250

1,479 1,117 751 905 427 108 96 82 161 370 479 378

23 46 25 85 83 79 388 253 433

195 95 192 25 4 28 49 38 62

98 36 72

23 17 30

1,941 1,121 1,047 850

1 420

13 423

12 13
82 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 10.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes —Atlantic to PacificContinued

Fiscal i ear

1 1982 1981 1980 '

761 326 403 60 24

10 11 21 23 57 51

1 2 5 72 47 13

7 14 1 130 90 90

26 105 27

[Thousands of long tons] West Indies To-Continued

Asia — Continued Japan

Malaysia North Korea

North Vietnam

Philippine Islands Singapore South Korea U.S.S.R

Other

Total 5,690 3,945 4,097

Europe to: West Coast United States 2,208 West Coast Canada 403 West Coast Central America 494

Balboa, R.P 19 West Coast South America 1,308 Chile 385 Colombia 146 Ecuador 177 Peru 346 Other 254 Hawaii I Oceania 828

Australia 115

British Oceania 12 French Oceania 221 New Zealand 240 Other 240

Asia 346 Singapore 12 Taiwan 35 Hong Kong II Japan 161 U.S.S.R 1 South Korea 20 Other 106 Total 5.607 5.770 5,319

2.084 2,155 497 395 509 433

1,628 1,211 496 315 92 77 305 186 451 330

284 303

1 2 673 751 99 94

14 14 199 253

167 151 194 239

378 371

8 3

51 28 24 22

156 193

8 3 31 9

100 113

Africa to: West Coast United States 399 295 268 West Coast Canada 71 59 56 West Coast Central America 21 4 32 West Coast South America 40 8 4 Asia 74 82 42

Total 605 448 402 Asia (Middle East) to: West Coast United States 12 22 19 West Coast Central America 17 5 West Coast South America 4 26 40

Asia 8 2 Other territories \_ \ 2 Total 17 74 68

Total Cargo— Atlantic to Pacific 96,557 89,319 84,742
Fist ill tear

1 1982 1981 1980 ' 32,865 25,256 21,316

10 26 4 49 11 24

38 12 5 338 435 480

8 8 9

115 202 274

31 10 16 165 205 157

19 10 24

3,676 4,197 3,401

PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 83

Table 11. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes— Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long tons]

Wesi Coast United States to: East Coast U nited States East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America

Cristobal. R.P

East Coast South America

Argentina

Brazil \\\ Colombia

Venezuela Other West Indies Puerto Rico 3,437 3,164 2,651 Other 239 1 ,033 750 Europe 5,044 4.41 1 4,978 Belgium 433 Denmark 25

East Germany

Finland 28 France 233 Greece 29

Italy 606

Netherlands 1,752 Poland 1 Rumania

Spain-Portugal 144 Sweden 264

United Kingdom 108 U.S.S.R 10 Yugoslavia 1 West Germany 150 Other 1260

Asia (Middle East) 85

Israel ]g Lebanon

Saudi Arabia 33 Other 34

Africa 1,880 Algeria 43 Egypt 1,701 Morocco 1 South Africa 56

Tunisia 68 Other \\\\ 11

234 409

50 89

26 32 30 4 257 183

18 77 519 449

1,428 1,418 80 11 42 17 105 376

138 97

134 190

9 151 61 28

151 221

1,129 1,226 174 34 36 27

23

81 2 34 5 2,145 471 63 47

1,576 193 264

154 15244

35 Total 43,985 36,667 30,713 West Coast Canada to: East Coast United States 932 1,018 1 009

East Coast Canada 25 194 466

East Coast Central America 21 Cristobal, R.P \ East Coast South America 604

Argentina 1 Brazil 530 Colombia 21 Venezuela 50 Other \\\\ 2 West Indies 217 Cuba 189 Puerto Rico ->7

744 1,225

2 3 694 1,121

3 1 43 54

2 46

192 89

153 44

38 25
84 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes —Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

£-,..„/ ,„„.. West Coast Canada To-Continued

West Indies —Continued

Other Europe

Belgium

Denmark

Finland France

Greece

Irish Republic

Italy Netherlands Poland Romania

Spain-Portugal

Sweden

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R West Germany

Other

Asia (Middle East)

Israel Other

Africa

Algeria Egypt Morocco

South Africa Tunisia Other

Total West Coast Central America to: East Coast United States East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America

Cristobal, R.P

East Coast South America

West Indies Europe

Belgium

Bulgaria

Denmark

France

Italy Netherlands Poland

Spain-Portugal

Sweden

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R

Yugoslavia West Germany

Other

Asia (Middle East) Africa

Algeria Egypt

Libya Other

Total

1 1982

1

1981

1

1981)

' 20 6,144 6,754 8,169 454 640 580

4 20 203 no 47

343 378 504

68 145 202

54 42 29

611 816 1,098 388 320 630

160 161 298

52

27 98 186

115 167 56 862 709 1,121 939 944 891 672 621 625

1,337 1,646 1,694 186 91 30

158 91 30

28

1 ,308 1,425 1.250 180 224 257

57 90 62 505 470 311

128 160 243 424 440 338

14 41 39

9,437 10,419

975

12,238

768 993

6 26

151 135

16 441 83 40 41

141 142 139 899 882 981

3 4 7

21 4 17 29 44 51

15 14 16 117 121 155

101 37 100

3 4 11 92 114 75

8 4 20 3 34 36 58

7 48 17 203 332 170 270 104 293

18 16 15 50 46 53

14 12 25

12 3

I 7 7 23 24 21 2,110 2,258 2,293
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION g5

Table 11. —Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes —Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[

I huusands of long Ions)

West Coast South America to: East Coast United States. . . . East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America . Cristobal. R.P

East Coast South America . . Brazil Colombia

Venezuela Other West Indies Cuba

Netherlands West Indies Puerto Rico

Trinidad Tobago

Other Europe

Belgium

Bulgaria

Denmark

East Germany

Finland France

Greece

Irish Republic

Italy Netherlands Poland Rumania

Spain-Portugal U.S.S.R Sweden

United Kingdom

West Germany

Yugoslavia Other

Asia (Middle East) Iran Lebanon

Saudi Arabia Other

Africa Total Balboa. R.P. to: West Indies , Other territories , Total Hawaii to: East Coast United States Europe , Total Oceania to: East Coast United States. East Coast Canada

East Coast Central America . Cristobal, R.P , East Coast South America . . West Indies ,

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980

'

6,601 5,331 6,986

151 70 21 295 222 523

5 3 2 1,627 1,807 1,631 314 166 73 903 972 1,106 386 550 386

24 119 66

1,194 2,879 3,291 59 106 76

331 2,116 2.513 357 42 176 224 33 41 223 582 485

4,692 3,851 5,541 644 364 460

54 32 10 4 3 19 29 35 48

41 37 18 187 108 174

10 15 38 57 54 24 350 311 359

567 426 451 49 73 127 85 94 806

173 169 280 614 480 413 60 33 42

273 289 288 899 790 949

208 174 531 388 364 504 94 123 166 22 40 60

12 67 54 14

5 29 80

168 106

14,392

14

115

14,827 18,276

7 47

5 4

18

1 12 48

57 217 126 99 51 51 156 268

2,358

177

2,150 2,407 401 367 402

80 85 78

5 8 57 48 23 64 85 127
Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 19HO

'

5 8 4

14 40 38

14 13 16 31 24 69

1,143 913 1,309

91 69 49

82 94 114

13 8 9 46 18 86 44 40

11 4 46 2 16

9 11 12 457 354 412

21 15 22 208 49 219

170 238 326

86 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 11.— Cargo Shipments by Trade Routes —Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions] Oceania to—Continued West Indies —Continued Jamaica

Puerto Rico

Trinidad Tobago

Other Europe

Belgium

France

Italy Netherlands Norway

Poland

Spain-Portugal

Sweden

United Kingdom

U.S.S.R West Germany , Other

Africa [0 Total 3,905 3,861 4,354 Asia to: East Coast U nited States 11 ,490 East Coast Canada 284

East Coast Central America 418

Cristobal, R.P 131 East Coast South America 990

Argentina 24

Brazil 94 Colombia 124 Surinam 13 Venezuela 599 Other 136 West Indies 898 Cuba 457 Haiti-Dominican Republic 57 Jamaica 64 Netherlands West Indies 10 Puerto Rico 91 Trinidad/Tobago 103 Other 116 Europe 231 Belgium 52 France 17 Greece 5 Italy 4 Netherlands 97 Norway 2 Spain-Portugal 13 United Kingdom 9 West Germany 22 Other 10 Asia ( M iddle East) 8

Israel 8 6 10 Other 1 I Africa F3 4 24 Total 14,463 14,020 14,374

11,398 1 1 ,263 298 306

302 208

152 151 865 1 ,256 35 29

106 101 114 288

14 10 471 700

125 128 866 986

425 406

76 125 59 52

11 30

127 145 76 136 92 92

128 169

11 9 15 6 8 4 20

33 35

2 1

1 16

7 17 30 29 36 17 7 11

Total Cargo— Pacific to Atlantic 88,895 8 1 ,903 82,473
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 87

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific

[ I housands ol long ions]

1 \si Coasi United States to Wi si Co\si

United States Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Ores and metals Ore, alumina bauxite Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil. residual Gasoline

.let fuel Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to West Coast

Canada:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

M iscellaneous Clay, fire and china

All other and unclassified Total

East Coast United States to West Coast

Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Coal

GrainsCorn Sorghum

Soybeans , Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

1 1982 1981 198(1

'

1 371 560

1 520

154 210 208

92 156 159

125 194

4 153

1 7 27 2

7 14

13 2

135 1 19 252

10 22

55 48

135 54 182 90 254 133 90 254 133

1.450 1,461 1,414 65 58 190

159 75 175 494 757 143 160

11 108

5 312 346 330 534

215 128 60 334 278 281 334 278 281 2,388 2,703 2.604

601 601

601

844

844

3229

3 876

13

851 851

41

41 905

13 16 17 505 277 557

793 1,408 2,230

140 552 1.191 242 235 414

151 416 384

241 199 217

19 6 24

5 3 1 3 8 1 3 1 10 4 11

15

11

4 11 5
Fiscal tear

1 1982 1981 19HO

'

459 621 399

25 79 44 214 376 267 204 164 45

16 2 43

2 118

1

1 2 3 164 136 28

136 13 28

28 123

11

1

42

1 18

182

10 23 16 105 61 52

3 11 3

18 27 31 4 1 80 23 17

88 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[I housands ol long ions]

Easi Coast United States to West Coast Central America Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Petroleum and products Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Paper and paper products Tallow

All other and unclassified Total 2,067 2,595 3,325 East Coast United States to West Coast

South America: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

GrainsCorn

Oats R ice Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified M inerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

16 29 24

171 215 272

33 64 76

125 119 179

13 32 17 100 347 507

3,231 2,723 2,436 824 771 667

15 21 13 7 128 47

75 11 49

146 55 49

2,156 1,730 1,590

8 7 21

15 18 13 10 10 10

5 8 3 139 253 191 29 45 39

55 111 79

29 48 42

13 23 17

13 26 14 104 148 169

6 20 24

8 II 11 16 23 20

61 67 68

13 27 46

34 41 34

27

1 33 31
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 89

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to West Coast

SOUTH America- Continued

Minerals, miscellaneous— Continued

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsScrap

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products Resin Rubber, manufactured Tallow

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Balboa, R.P.: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous. GrainsCorn Wheat [.'. Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

1 1982 1981 1980 '

6 8 3 236 432 366

17 34 45

109 167

5 104 96 184 182

14 42 35

51 75 33

14 17 9 37 58 24 26 30 8 4 11 5 7 17 II 12 188 76

10 17 1 167 72

2 4 3 170 64 47

41 54 43

129 10 4

721 738 705

6

1 8

2

8

1 12 15 15 56 39 15

15 14 16

2 1 1 104 85 114

135 140 120 37 58 54

7 17 19 34 37 39

10 20 16 302 302 287

5,000 5.271 4,873

8 4 6 92 90

38

82

37 29

55 51

1 44

9

1 3 6

6 11 7 68 2320

65

3528 61

5 3 4

128 101

15

105

18 10 110 86 95 303 232 271

41 26
90 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons

East Coast United States to Hawaii Continued

Petroleum and products —JContinued

Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States to Oceania:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Rice Soybeans

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . . Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . . Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Liquified gas Lubricating oil Petroleum coke

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Glass and glassware

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total East Coast United States ro Asia Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981

29

1980

'

12 26

52 51 55

5252

694

.952

215

7 208

5192

706

2,136

215

4

211

55

427 602

458

671 274 453

117 113 181 36 31 37

21 33 20

27 44 29

1 14 43

1 25

12 1 3

5 2 6

5 2 5

22 13 26

10 4 II 2 1 4

7 6 5

2 2 6

3 4 7 58

58 488 471

21 654

21 24

104 91 72 358 323 552

5 36 6

7 3 159 188 185 25 57 31 30 34 36

68 43 92

36 54 26 800 772 843

436

24 21 15 4 2 5 39 21 27

25 8 17 9 9 16 4 4 6

717

2,502

1924

188
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 91

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coasi United States ro Asia— Continued Canned and refrigerated foods -Continued

Fruit Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Corn

Oats

Rice Sorghum

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wires, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals OresAlumina, bauxite Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Iron Scrap

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cotton, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Gasoline

Liquefied natural gas

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

107 113

1 102

2 101 97 84

2,212 1,708 1.683

2 31 160

1.498 1.219 1.102 712 458 421 20,484 17,818 13.490 28,896 24,851 22,460

25

12,515 9,320

3 329

10,395

50 162

1,650 2,044 2,586

6,074 5,932 6,294

8,477 7,167 2,905

130 56 93

196 292 319

1742267

12

12

1 ,003

229

63

110

24

24

1,147

163 156

105

11 13 5 8 18 14 23 36 42

10 26 13 15 17 31 162 295 275

30 12 20

19 31 88

21 48 83

16 44 52 76

1 160

1 32

7 3,98

1

3,941 4,485 40 5 232 399

1 466

4

3,659 3,533 4,003 50 3 12 1,015 1,171 2,45343

14 29

2,410

2 25 57 4 2 964 1,089 2,275

11 22 26

26 7 50

201 185 505

30 2 152 170 494

19 13 11 709 230 394

31 II 100 85 73
92 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast United States to Asia—Continued

Petroleum and products—Continued

Lubricating oil Petroleum coke

Diesel Residual fuel oil Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Carbon black , Clay, fire and china

Fibers, plant Flour, wheat , Groceries, miscellaneous . . Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable , Paper and paper products.

,

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Tallow

Textiles , Tobacco and manufactures

,

All other and unclassified . - Total

East Coast Canada to West Coast United States: Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . . . Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Gasoline

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products.

All other and unclassified . Total

East Coast Canada to West Coast Central America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products.

All other and unclassified . Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

66 57 172

61 58 69

136 217

31 29 67 30 40

4,115 4,243 3,715

3 4 3 2 25 24 380 278 337

39 43 21 150 144 19

14 11 9

12 11 22

115 93 131 208 540 240

240 127 87

1 8 10

17 4 34

113 241 156 53 54 53

2,768 2,660 2,569 62,254 55,060 50,083

7 225

25 26

26

12 6 24

13

12 6 11 38 13 51

8 27 7 19 26 40

10 16 11 9 10 29

27 53 47

East Coast Canada to West Coast South America:

Grains

Barley Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .... Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur Ores and metals Metals

6 5 7 2 4 8 7 20 44 30

13 45 44

13 18 15 27 29

3 4 3 3 4 3
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 93

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Canada to West Coast South America—

Continued

Ores and metals— Continued

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to Oceania:

Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Canada to Asia Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods

Fish Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Grains

Barley Corn

Soybeans

Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous MetalsAluminum

Iron Scrap Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

Resin

Slag

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to West Coast United

States: Petroleum and products

Liquefied gas

Fiscal vear

1 1982 1981 I'J.SII

121312 94 85 97 54 50 42

40 35 55

141 194 186

184

17 167

184

1,219

20046

154 200

1,580

224

61

163 224

60 71 87 60 71 87 39 52 72

21 19 15 2 13 145 439 237

8 25 20 14 43

60 218 124 43 129 70

14 53

120 184 98

120 15430

98

2 3 4 37 88

1 85

1

203

1 160

1 304

74 82 137

129 78 167

119 2 16

10 13 55 37 75 26 21 35

35

13

13 650 586 657

89 107 131 36 19 2 19 17 18 506 443 506

1,486

13

13
94 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to West Coast United

States —Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified 7 otal East Coast Central America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Phosphates

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to West Coast South

AMERICA:

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Fuel, oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Total East Coast Central America to Asia: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

1818

31

19

19

19

5

5 101 31 94

38 31 87

21 7 42

2,199 1,344 1,140 875 742 63

159 1 10 908 496 1.039 4 21 28 253 84

6 2 17 6 2 17 2,306 1,382 1.251

2

10 5 10 5

17 .41 16

17 41 16 42 45

7

51

42 38 51 69 91 70

99 180 211 62 59 50

30 1064

155

7 11 6 99 180 211

24 54 18 7 18 33

2 2

5 16 33 73 94 103

10 7 6

10 7 3130

1

6
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 95

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast Central America to Asia—Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast United

STATES: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous , Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina bauxite , Manganese

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee

Peas, dried Petroleum and products

Asphalt Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast Canada

Manufactures of iron and steel Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast Central

AMERICA:

Coal

GrainsSorghum

Soybeans

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Liquefied gas Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified

3838 152

2 54

_19 J9

19

29564

48

48

90

45

33

7 26 408

20

_LZ J7

37

17

17 221

216 3644

44

17324

10

10

16240

64

58

27

297

10

10

21

79 53

62

38

1954 20

4 20 818 1,135 754 1,116

3 19

6128 51 28 50

1

163

3024

_96

_9664

32

44

3 41 724

642

34

23

2550

2 48 968

14 2929

3

46

59

2

2 32

II 21 1,744

1,729

12
96 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.—Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to West Coast Central

America—Continued

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to West Coast South

America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Grains

Rice

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total East Coast South America to Hawaii:

Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Total East Coast South America to Oceania:

Petroleum and products Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1982 1981 1980

'

23 14 5 23 14 5 1,014 1,273 1,854

25 7 3

1

3 12

11

18

3 5

3 22 10 6

3 22 10 3 15 15 19 9 5 8 6 10 11 10 1312 10 1 1,643 1,800 1,439

1,165 1,376 1.045 198 96 88

104 110 157 96 24 10 59 31 6

21 90 72

73 61 127 47 30

3 127 47 27

1,845 1,904

134

1,506

46 117 44 43

16 11 30 69 8 21 55

1 6

6

140

1 47 117

27 25 106 27 25 106

11

11 38 25 106

9

1

1

19

9 1 9

9 2 10
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 97

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

East Coast South America to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....

Nitrates, phosphates and potash

Fertilizers, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina; bauxite Copper

Manganese

Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Cotton, raw

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Jet fuel Liquefied gas Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and products

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Ores and metals

Ore, alumina/ bauxite

Metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to West Coast Canada:

Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Ores and metals Ore, alumina/ bauxite Petroleum and products

Jet fuel Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

15 17 13 153 11376

22

11 16 34

28 148 1 19 30

19 30 284 331 317

107 136 194 23 13 15 13 64 119 172

7 4 7 177 195 123

7 20 43

5 18 12 24

2 2 7 1,660 1,671 1,427 1,360 1,481 1,326 119 84 62

87 59 5

21 94 47 13 31 53

16 26

31 37 26

2,208 2,475 1,883

24 31

31

31

28

28

159 218 191 159 18434

191

563 379 76094

25 34

81 355 198 256

122 136 294

5 20 82

6 19 14 6 19 14 752 647 1,024

66

6 52 4

6 52

25

2577

4

12 4
98 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to West Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Cement

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

2 3 6

13 10

13 10 675 254 384

43 83 188 267 61 62

189 22 29

140 37 43

4 7 8 32 44 54

38 28 6

18 15 20 13 6 728 295 396

West Indies to West Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline

Jet fuel Kerosene

Liquefied gas Lubricating oil : Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Indies to Balboa, R.P.: Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Hawaii: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Kerosene

Other and unclassified Total

5 13 1 6

6

11

11

1 32

32

3

1 3 1,453 1,052 724

52

471 497 251 25 12 16 729 443 278

36 13 21 40 25 58

8 5 5 77 41 62

15 16 33 20 14 13 20 14 13 1.479 1,117 752

182 29984

203

59 104 159 102 71 40

15 2 2

6 38 2

13 40 47

13 40 47

195 339 250

388 253 433

29 58 388 224 350

22

3 388 253 433
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 99

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Indies to Oceania:

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Jet fuel Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Indies to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Ores and metals OresAlumina/ bauxite Other and unclassified Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Jet fuel Fuel oil, residual Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . . . Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wires, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

97 35 64

97 35 64

15

15 69 53 125 4 22 32

6 5 54 24 54

5 7 30

4

14 7 3 14 7 3 195 95 192

21 8 24

21 4 20

4 4

17 6 1 48 42

37

72 43 62

36 32 57

7 5 5 5 5 10 1,466 867 903

1,464 864 903

2 3 374 182 31 36 246 102 58 1 27 66 29

7 14 I 15 16 16

15 16 16

1,941 1,121 1,047

36 27 23

15 82 19

7 19 13

8 63 6

15 15 3 152 134 192

148 130 181

I 2

1 4

2

3 1 5 732 664 611

88 162 72 308 392 315

28 21 3 104 34 42 204 55 179
100 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast United States

Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Nitrate of soda Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Glass and glassware

Liquors and wines Marble and stone Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . .

.

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Petroleum and products

Asphalt

Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Liquors and wines

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast Central America: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous GrainsCorn Wheat

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . . . Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980

'

317 245 357

163 156 218

78 64 127 76 24 12

14 35 60

1 5 23

13 30 37

1 23 29

12 7 8 94 7 24 94 7 24 833 876 866

12 13 19 88 97

2 6 10 6 6 6 42

1 401 78

3 769 721 652

2,208 2,085

5

2,155

5 7 15 9 15 13 8

1 9

6

12

1 209 277 187 38 30 19 84 170 104

19 25 8 25 25 15 43 27

3

3

41

6

6 174 182 188

2 2 3

3 4 3 169 176 182 403 497 395

6

12 4 48 15 7 10 34 1 4 15 6 35 18 12

11 2 4 24 16 8
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 101

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

Europe to West Coast Central America—Continued

Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates-, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Sugar

Miscellaneous Cement

Glass and glassware

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total Europe to West Coast South America: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods Milk Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods Dairy products Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 ' 55 52 12

3 1 1 26 6 1 3 31 2

17 4 7 6 10 1 225 291 269 56 119 87

162 163 180

7 9 2

1 8 3

1 8 3 24 5 24 5 100 122 121

12 1 1

1 5 8 96 116 112 494 509 433

41 85 73 30 62 56 24 53 52

6 9 4

11 23 17

7 18 14 4 5 3 75 105 110 6 18 12 62 78 92

7 9 6

28 34 34

14 4 4

7 8 6

7 22 24

4 3 2

13 3

1

1 183 216 164 29 29 23

55 84 60

54 59 38

25 24 24

20 20 19 158 252 145 28 16 18 51 105 53 24 18 24

24 68 19 31 45 31 38 39 33 36 37 30

2 2 3
102 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to West Coast South America Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Metals

Iron

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Gasoline

Liquefied gas Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Ammunition and explosives

Bricks and tile Cement

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines Marble and stone

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Slag

Textiles Wax, paraffin

All other and unclassified Total Europe to Oceania: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous. . . . Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Agricultural machinery and implements

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts . . Construction machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes, and sections

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

158 150 157 36 63 77 87 72 64

18 9 8

17 1 4

5 4 36 88 32

11 33 3 25 55 29

3 13 7

14 25 12

8 17 10 44 8 5 34 7 2

10 1 3 81 58

21 87 26 47

5 20

17 7 1 33 10 39 462 589 369

1 4 2

17 11 10 6 61 8 15 4 17 20 18 17

3 4 6

12

1 20

2

12

1 2 2 2 55 44 52

8 8 14 4 5 41

6

8 11 13 5 6 5 305 348 204

1 ,308 1,628 1,211

14 6 9 117 119 145 29 21 37

79 93 84

9 5 24

1 9 6 36 24 21

3 2 2

21 16 12 8 3 4

2 1 2

2 2 1 37 31 31

5 6 3 8 II II 7 9 8

10 4 9
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 103

Table 12. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Europe to Oceania—Continued

Manufactures of iron and steel— Continued

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt ]]] Soda and sodium compounds

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile Cement

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Liquors and wines

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Europe to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals

Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories and parts Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous . Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous. . Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous .

,

Ores and metals MetalsOther and unclassified Ores

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

7 1 6 5 6

5

1 4

1 3

3 17 25 14 2 9 1 15 16 12

1

19

1 10

1 10

10 20 18

8 14 8

2 6 10 580 423 490

4 3 4 30 42

2 63

9 7 6

1 2 2

7 1 2

3 4 6

11 6 5

7 7

1 4

1

1 507

I 347

1 396

828 673 751

14 12

12 23

14 23

182 141 153

8

151 110 119 23 31 34

59

51 58

19 49 45

13 10 16

13 102 . 16

5 8

13 25 3 15 35 9

31 48 56

13 31 48 43 346 378 371

I 115 75

1 116

91 62 72

6 2 9

6 2 9 85 60 63
104 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 12.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Atlantic to Pacific— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Africa to West Coast United States—Continued

Ores and metals —Continued Manganese ore Lead ore Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast Canada:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous Phosphates

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Ammonium compounds

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to West Coast South America:

Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Africa to Asia: Canned and refrigerated foods

Fish, refrigerated Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Phosphates

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia (Middle East) to West Coast United States:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia (Middle East) to West Coast South America:

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal vear

1 1982 1981 1980

'

50 41 46

33 14 17 2 5 181 148 50 47 148 27

107 50

11 10 29

11 10 29 399 295

56

268

40 54

31 3 3 29

2 3 3 71 59 57

4

21 19 21

19

13

13

21 4 32

27 1 13 7 4

13 7 4 40 8 4

59 51 40

52 51 40

76 10 6 10 9 21 2 9 21 2 74 82 42

13 22 19

13 22 19

13 22 19

4 26 40

4 26 40

4 26 40
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 105

Table 13. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast United States: m/

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous I 2 Chemicals and petroleum chemicals 85 85 Caustic soda

Chemicals, unclassified Petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Lumber and products

Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Kerosene

Lubricating oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware 37

All other and unclassified 266 182

140

13 78 57 103

7 28 24

5 16 139 100

100 26

139 26

21 32,369 24,791 20,924 31,249 22,424 19,316 269 498 487

284 1,080 473

88 474 24540

131 131 185 348 184 178 266 219 210

210

Total 32,865 25,218 21,316 West Coast United States to East Coast South

AMERICA: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Coke, coal type GrainsWheat ][ Barley Other and unclassified Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Sulfur [[][] Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Potash Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Peas, dry

26 18 22

14 5 7

12 13 15

12 12

1 13

2

3 3 II 10 17 42 2 3 23

172 2 3 41 39 49

34 36 45

7 3 4

5 7 8

1 3 3 112 114 108

7 12 12

15 17 20

7 85 57 85

5 8 4 46

23 60

54

23 5 2 4 5 2 4 4

23 II

1 14 9 3 4

14 8 10
106 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to East Coast South

America—Continued

Petroleum and products Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Carbon black

Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Cristobal. R.P.: Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to West Indies. Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Grains

Rice Petroleum and products Crude oil Diesel oil Residual fuel oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Rice Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous M inerals, miscellaneous Borax

Salt Sulfur Other and unclassified

2121 '52

5443

338

34

344

38

984

84

3,575

3.255

'

' 320

3,676

84

83

1 104

36

12

6 50 435

10

12

1 8080

4,108

3,200

37

871

8

8 4,197

9190

1 89

22

5 62 480

3 95

95

3,269 3.099

17034

34

3,401

104 132

1

196

4

104 131 192

19 15 15 20 57 116 65 59 61 72 28 81 516 203 202

597 584 454

126 142 90 no 79 358 438 200

3 4 85 553 575 847

175 173 369

76 122 128 272 261 322

30 19 28

2 5 9

6 418 519 442

386 515 439

26

6 4 3
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 107

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[ Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States ro Europe—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Ores and metals OresCopper

Lead

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Residual fuel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Carbon black

Clay, fire and china

Flour, wheat

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

Paper and paper products

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Slag

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Africa: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type GrainsWheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Flour, wheat

Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast United States to Asia (Middle East): Coal

Grains

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980

'

35 61 14 4 41 28 14 13

3 6 1 56 49 129 49 42 102 38 14 38

3 5 8

8 23 56

7 7 27

I 3 12 6 4 8

1 6 39 22 66

1 9 15

1 36 24

5 7 29

1,841 1,360 1,511 1,198 1,089 1,399 460 207

183 64 112 806 873 1,027 79 20 58

5 8 9

18 5 7 5 9

6 11 11 51 62 54

3 7 17

5 6 650 742 858

5.045 4,411

1

4,978

1 2 9

1,673 1,967 237

1,673 1,967 236

34 106 69

2 2 2 72 32 130 60 16 89

12 16 41 28 9 70 19 31 29 3 5

18 1 16 23 15 10 1.880 2,145 471

57

10 93
108 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast United States to Asia (Middle East) —

Continued

Grains —Continued

Barley Rice Wheat

Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Borax

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast United States: Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Lumber and products Board and planks Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, potash Potash Ores and metals Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast Canada:

Coal

Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to East Coast South America:

Coal

Grains

Barley Lumber and products

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous M iscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981

46

1980 '

10 47

2 10 27

2746 24 24 46 24 24

85 174 34

149 116 686 902 852

648 885 844

38 17 8 72

72 77

77

7 5

7 5 81

81

1313 932 1,018 1.010

117 157 7750 309

309

27

25

25

25 194 466

80 292 347

21

2127 14 24

27 14 19

5 327 301 323 326 298 320

1 3 3 115

1

100 468

7

III 99 461

3 1 14 6 7 20 31 56

10 22 22

10 9 34 604 744 1,225
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 109

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[I housands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Wi si Indies: Grains

Barley Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast Canada to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coal and coke

Grains

Barley Wheat

Other and unclassified Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Asbestos

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Potash

Fishmeal Other and unclassified Ores and metals OresCopper

Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Copper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds

All other and unclassified Petroleum and products Petroleum coke Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

_14

14 29

29

165

1659

6

6 217

6y

51

18 104 104

19

19

192

60

59

1 28

2S

89

39 64 27

62 7 520 861 996

1,431 1,494 1,658 557 975 445

751 397 1,078 123 122 135 2,292 2,566 3,150

1.092 1,287 1,690 165 214 181 993 1 ,039 1,241 42

I 26 38

1

1 794 793

I 956

3 3 5 791 790 951

25 28 73

22 16

16 53

3 7

5 4

126 128 205

72 87 136

51 76 111

7 9 17 14 2 8 54 41 69

2 4 7 6 9 20

18 13 11 28 12 28

3 3 30 94 261 26 94 261 4

115 27 125

115 27 1214 708 692 717 428 441 451
110 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Canada to Europe—Continued

Miscellaneous —Continued

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to Africa:

GrainsWheat

Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

All other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous Soda and sodium compounds

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Potash Other agricultural commodities

Oilseeds Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Canada to Asia (Middle East): Grains

Barley

Lumber and products Other and unclassified Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur Miscellaneous Other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish, refrigerated Meat

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

' 1982 1981 1980 '

280 251 266

6,143 6,754 8,169

103 165 141 103 165 141 153 233 279 94 196 258

41 37 21

18 1,045 1,010 777

1,045 1,010

1 lib

9

9

19

19

7 17 25

7 17 25

1,308 1,425 1,250

26 30 26 30

4

4

153 92

153 92

3

3 186 92 30

98 188 154 98 188 154 98 179 136

8

1 10

8 272 152 236

272 152 236

5 1111

11 5 II 328 540 492

31 40 38 69 200 118 222 300 336

626 75 79

65 79

26 10 39 9 21 9 7 18 30 2 3 768 975 993
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 111

Table 13. — Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to East Coast Central

America:

Grains, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Phosphates

Petroleum and products Crude oil Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to East Coast South

America:

Coke, coal type Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified , Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Other and unclassified , Petroleum and products, miscellaneous , Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Coal, coke type

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Ores

Fiscal vear

1 1982 1981 1980 '

22 82 40

69 22 4

4 69 22 52 29

27 29

25

8 2

2 135

8

151 44

22

15 8 4

32 34 25

3 1 1 9 6 4

9 6 4

83 40

71

41

79 70

79

79 71 70

33 25 29

31 23 29

2 2 4 9 34

19 4 9 15

13 28

12 9 6

12 9 6

141 142

190

139

126 182

126 190 182 93 152 157 33 38 25

77

1 7 3 15 11 23

14 6 19

1 5 4

35

11 48 40

9 24 36

2

1 519 4

172 263 110

151 222 109
112 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast Central America to Europe—Continued

Ores and metals, miscellaneous —Continued Chrome

Copper

MetalsCopper

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses

Oilseeds

Peas, dry

Sugar

Petroleum and products Petroleum coke

Miscellaneous

Seeds, excluding oilseeds Tobacco and manufactures

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Grains

Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Peas, dried Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast Central America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Wisi Coast South America to East Coast United

States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish

Fruit, excluding bananas

Refrigerated, miscellaneous Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Lumber and products Boards and planks

Fiscal vear

' 1982 1981

24

1980

'

151 198 109

21 41401 21

421 215

7 434

76 83 75 47 41 112

241 30 153 24 13 37 28 41 19

5 38

6

6 117

1

148

11

106

115 137 106 898 882

14

981

10 2

10 7

7 2

7

7

7 16 15 13 15 29

12 29

13 3 20 1 20 1 50 46 53

18 15 15

18 15

1

14

1

18

1 16 15

513 446 436

21 14 16 492 432 420

354 326 337

18 17 17 116 85 64

4 4 2 66 64 19 23 30 37

8 20 25
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 113

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

1 1 housands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast United

States—Continued Lumber and products —Continued

Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Salt Soda and sodium compounds

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda

Potash Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Iron Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Molasses Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Fibers, plant Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, fish Textiles

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast Canada:

Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Nitrate of soda

Ores and metals, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous , Salt Miscellaneous

Fiscal rear

1 1982 1981 1980 '

15 10 12

5 4 5 198 140 356

197 119 351

21 5

154 162

10

164

44 9 12 105 135 144

5 8 8 1,015 1,130 1,315 727 852 1,069

12 13 4

161 343 505

9

2 1 3 12 11 27

531 484 530

288 278 246

233 234 167 4 55

14 2 7 29 24 6

12 14 11 441 569 631

2 9 5 38 26 32

128 149 199

7 4 2 146 152 155 120 228 238

4.055 2,678 3,895

2,981 1,554 2,950 943 950 904

15 41 116 174

131 108 128

8 6 7

7 7 6

189 10 15 89 85

5,331

100

6,601 6,986

1 2

2

i7

1 7 61 62 5 75

75

14 6 8
114 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to East Coast Canadv

Continued

Miscellaneous —Continued

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast Central Amfrica:

Lumber and products . Pulpwood

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to East Coast

South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fruit refrigerated, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous ....

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Ores and metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable Paper and paper products

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks Other and unclassified

14 151 70 21

76 20

19

11 27

11

6

11 14

2 6

38 91 108 22 25 12 16 66 96

228 76 331 228 75 331

18 21 59

2 5 10

16 16 49

295 222 524

9 8 21

5 8

5 2 3 4 1 10 109 113 122

2 5

1 5 84 128 131 122 41 32 34 36 29 87 1

1 5 2

1,202 1,406 1 .232

1,074 1,261 985

128 145 247

100 104

2

88

9 27 18

13 16 2 60 68 77

1,627 1,807 1.631

44 73

2 50

1 44 71 49

13 5 21 12 57

17 10 54

4 2 3
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 115

Table 13. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

West Coast South America to West Indies—Continued

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Metals, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities

Beans, edible M olasses , Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Other and unclassified M iscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Fish, refrigerated

Fruit, excluding bananas

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Grains, miscellaneous Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Fishmeal

Nitrate of soda Potash Ores and metals OresCopper

Iron Lead

Tin Zinc Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Lead

Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Cotton, raw

Oilseeds

Peas, drv

24

24

13

132 1,062

1,194

1,00927 982

39

39

35

35

23

3 20

2,680 948 2,367 82 258

32 55

2 12

12 2,879

1,002

31 971

4747

30

23

7 25

1 24

3,056

2,882

174

26

26

3,291

,04437

1,007 342 382 469

474 431 405

141 153 120 25 5 13 7 19 21 21 46

52 49 55

137 119 262

7 34 149 97 46 83

33 39 30 964 660 801

17 8 2 861 542 666

82 108 130 4 2 3 1,890 1,412 2,706

1,043 694 1,849 206 93 153

101 69 1,093 105 50 41 36 40 41 525 376 468

70 66 53 847 718 857

585 603 641

41 19 27

135 68 79 86 28 110 320 341 418

14 18 31 204 212 221 27 28 25

3 I 2619
116 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

West Coast South America to Europe—Continued

Other agricultural commodities —Continued Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products

Fuel oil, residual Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil. fish Paper and products

Seeds, excluding oilseeds All other and unclassified Total West Coast South America to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous Bananas

Fish, refrigerated Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous

Sulfur

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Ores and metals Ores

Zinc

MetalsZinc Other agricultural commodities

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

West Coast South America to Asia (Middle East): Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Bananas

Other and unclassified Lumber and products, miscellaneous

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash Fishmeal Ores and metals, miscellaneous Total

Hawaii to East Coast United States: Other agricultural commodities Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

59 36 73

9 11 9 4 954

54

40

292 195

15

188

15 19 125 27 50

8

1 20

1 182 143 132 99

4,692 3,851 5,541

60 50

4 54

1 7 53 46 53 54 54 28

21

21

21 1 1 21 I 154

7 26

2 24

2 24

5 2

5 2

32 1 1 2 1 1 168 106 115

72 63 77 72 63 77 48 61 74 24 2 3

7 9 22 40 60

22 40 60

13 20 94 123 166

50 177 116 50 177 116

7 40 10 7 40 10 57 217 126
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 117

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic —Continued

[Thousands of long tons

hAWAll TO EUROPE:

Other agricultural commodities

Molasses M iscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast United States Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Lead Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsZinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Molasses Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products Crude oil Fuel oil, residual Liquefied natural gas Petroleum coke

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods

Refrigerated foods Meat

Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous Other agricultural commodities M olasses Sugar

Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast Central America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Ores and metals

Ores, miscellaneous

Fiscal rear

1 1982 1981 1980 '

41 25 51 41 25 51 58 27

27

52

5899 51

405 408 500

405 408

1 499

5 7 6 77 91 103 323 310 390

31 1 40 25 39 497 796 1,201 481 747 1,101 66 272 513

4

55 95 205 356 380 383

16 49

1

100

10

16 48 90 634 669 353 233 101 81 398 560 271

3 35

1

191 121 36 61 115 60

9

31 352 338 314

352 338 314

2,150 2,358 2,407

37 37 54

37 37

3 54

37 34 54

12 75 59

12 75 59 303 213

20 226

303 193 226

49 42 63 49 42 63

401 367 402

20 2 3 46 60 59 46 60 59
118 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Oceania to East Coast Central America—Continued M iscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to East Coast South America:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fish, refrigerated Meat

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Oceania to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Refrigerated foods Dairy products

Fruit, excluding bananas Meat

Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .... Ores and metals Ores Alumina/ bauxite Copper

Lead

Other and unclassified MetalsCopper

Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities Cocoa and cacao beans

Coffee Copra

Molasses

Peas, dry

Skins and hides Sugar

Wool, raw

Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

14 23 16 14 23 16 80 _85 78

16 3 14 24 28

24 28

17 17 9

17 17 9 57 48 23

32 63 35

7 4 5 25 59 30

1 2 4

9 40 15 14 5 3

1 12 8 32 22 92

32 22 92

64 85 127

298 225

1 2732 298 224 271

15 22 29

75 77 69

59 19 64

149 106 10925 277 273 351 217 171 206

39 39

201 126 132

5 16 6 30 60 102 145 26 67

34 102 78 232 279

2

3

337

1

9 43 42 90 113

1 2 2 123 200 137 9 29 35

6 335 136

1 323

3 44 7 16
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 119

Table 13. —Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long Ions]

Oceania to Europe—Continued

Miscellaneous —Continued

Oil, vegetable Tallow

Other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast United States: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods

Fruit Vegetables Other and unclassified Refrigerated foods

Fish

Fruit, refrigerated Other and unclassified Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . .

.

Coal and coke Lumber and products Boards and planks

Plywood, veneers, composition board , Other and unclassified , Machinery and equipment , Agricultural machinery

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts , Construction machinery and equipment , Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Angles, shapes.and sections

Nails, tacks, and spikes

Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Wire, bars, and rods Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ores Alumina/bauxite

Chrome

Manganese

Other and unclassified MetalsAluminum

Copper

Iron Zinc Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Coffee Copra

Rubber, raw

Sugar

Other and unclassified Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

23

5 263

1,142

14979

2 1,124

1,059

Fiscal year

2

1 125 913

18086

2 1,007 959

1 980

8

296

1,309

[89

109

61 75 88

9 5 16 9 6 5 70 94 80

9

15 45 22

55 49 49

118 200 91 45 118 387 414 598 467

13 64 31 357 499 387

44 35 49

1,258 1,282 1,209

10 5 13 1,164 1,214 1,144 34 29 21 21 18 12 29 16 19 4,311 4,182 4,398 459 618 661 84 53 107 896 806 1,317

1,438 1,557 1,146 220 189 188

1,214 959 979

2 2 22 979

927

102 155 116

38 86 87

II 5 32 908 713 692

65 48 52

32 19 3 5 13 41 20

1 2

1

7 14 7 411 427 430

1 10 5

35 65

1 36

373

1 347

4 388

375 210 190

3,283 3,192 2,921
120 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast United States—Continued Miscellaneous—Continued

Bricks and tile Clay, fire and china

Fibers, plant Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, vegetable Porcelainware Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total "-490

Asia to East Coast Canada:

Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous 1 Machinery and equipment 2 Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Li

Plates, sheets, and coils 6 Tubes, pipes, and fittings 9 Wire, bars, and rods 3 Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous 1 Miscellaneous 262

All other and unclassified 262

Total 284 Asia to East Coast Central America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . . Machinery and equipment, miscellaneous Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous

Minerals, miscellaneous Ores and metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total Asia to East Coast South America:

Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous .

.

Coke, coal type Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified

Nitrates, phosphates, and potash

Ammonium compounds

Fertilizers, unclassified Ores and metals Ores Chrome

Other and unclassified

Fiscal tear

1 1982 1981 1980 '

2 2

1 42

2 9 14

7 4 4

9 28 5 56 181 151 93 114 125

1 5 2 18 26 26

9 12 13 3,086 2,810 2,575

3 _5

14

21

5

3

261

261 298

1 1 ,398 1 1 ,263

6 284

284

306

276 107 4 7 4

71 133

19 189

43 21 5 43 21 5 24 15 10 24 15 10 418 302 208

4 5 735 70 101 93

29 27 25

13 27 20

28 47 48 522 412 690

141 219 407

293 105 105 88 88

3

3

178

1

1

47 43 43

8 24

2

24

8 6 22 18
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 121

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to East Coast South America—Continued

Ores and metals —Continued

Metals

Tin, including tinplate Other and unclassified Other agricultural commodities

Rubber, raw

Petroleum and products Gasoline Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Glass and glassware Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Cristobal, R.P.: Machinery and equipment

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to West Indies: Canned and refrigerated foods Canned foods, miscellaneous

Fish, refrigerated Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous . Coal

GrainsCorn

Rice Lumber and products Boards and planks

Pulpwood

Other and unclassified Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts ....

Electrical machinery and apparatus Other and unclassified Manufactures of iron and steel Plates, sheets, and coils Tubes, pipes, and fittings Other and unclassified Ores and metals

Metals, miscellaneous

Ores, miscellaneous Petroleum and products

Diesel oil Other and unclassified Miscellaneous

Bricks and tile

7

16

21 103

1 102

131

Fiscal year

24

16 130

3 127

152

144

10 23

1144

110

151

43 31 51 27 20 22

16 11 29

12 5 9

21 22 17 113 75 85

2 1 111 74 85

143 112 139 97 70 88

8 12 16 38 30 35

151 164

139

164

127 146

4 6 5 20 19 13 126 119 203

52 47 107 36 23 40

38 49 56 20 20

14

13

13 11 7 6 2

5 36 37 4 6

1 30 37 264 282 268

4 6 6
122 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 13.— Important Commodity Shipments Over Principal Trade Routes

Pacific to Atlantic— Continued

[Thousands of long tons]

Asia to West Indies— Continued Miscellaneous—Continued

Glass and glassware

Groceries, miscellaneous Paper and paper products Porcelainware

Resin Rubber, manufactured

Textiles

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Europe:

Canned and refrigerated foods Chemicals and petroleum chemicals, miscellaneous Coke, coal type Machinery and equipment

Automobiles, trucks, accessories, and parts . . . Manufactures of iron and steel Other and unclassified Ores and metals, miscellaneous Petroleum and products, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

Oil, coconut

Oil, fish Oil, vegetable

All other and unclassified Total Asia to Africa: Canned and refrigerated foods, miscellaneous Miscellaneous

All other and unclassified Total

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1980 '

4 4 3 2 2 1 5

1 15

1 22

1 2 3

3 4 4

10 13 13 234 235 234

898 866 986

6 6 15 12 11 22 46

10 1 18 10 1 18

1

29 27

1 28 5869 83

4 85

27 37 17 8 2 1 34 40 67 230 128 169

11 6

2 4 18

2 44

18

13 24
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 123

Table 14.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1982

[Long tons]

Atlantic Pacific Commodity to Pacific 10 Atlantic Total Ammonium compounds 463,891 7,503 471,394 Asbestos 22,82

1

4,080 26,90

1

Asphalt 1 27,969 442 1 28,4 1

1

Automobiles, trucks, and accessories 338,026 1,343,332 1,681,358 Bananas 225 971,699 971924

Barley 33,997 763,192 797,189

Beans, edible 41,107 55,884 96,991 Benzene 25,742 49,641 75,383 Borax 2,476 426,320 428,796

Bricks and tile 46, 1 53 1 8,27

1

64,424 Canned food products 63,640 211,391 275,031 Carbon black 5,696 79,812 85,508 Caustic soda 512,931 46,493 559,424 Cement 60,377 7,497 67,874 Chemicals, petroleum various 950,312 66,618 1,016,930 Chemicals, various 2,369,311 817,677 3,186,988

Clay, fire and china 445,426 9,348 454,774 Coal and coke (excluding petroleum coke).

.

21,248,524 1,280,517 22,529,041 Cocoa and cacao beans 2,950 59,875 62,825 Coffee 19,608 450,728 470J36

Coke, petroleum 161,905 1,403,567 1,565,472 Copra and coconuts 507 9,398 9 905 Corn 13,556,687 2,288 13,558,975 Cotton, raw 1 59,648 98,56

1

258,209

Fertilizers, various 1,103,917 80.589 1,184,506

Fibers, plant 46,844 13,130 59,974 Fishmeal 918 989,135 990,053

Flour, wheat 252,222 35,054 287,276 Gasoline 2,158,618 304,163 2,462,781 Glass and glassware 49,557 14,790 64,347

Grains, various 179,951 160,122 340,073

Groceries, various 45,794 47,226 93,020

Infusorial earth 3,019 9.586 12^605

Jet fuel 1,264,296 13,748 1,278,044 Kerosene 107,627 6,014 113,641 Liquefied gas 258,534 8,613 267,147 Liquors 35,574 6.016 41,590 Lumber and products (excluding pulpwood) 64,522 3,277,899 3,342,421 Machinery, agricultural 93,010 23,922 1 16,932 Machinery, construction 150,333 56,360 206,693 Machinery, electrical 65.038 44,877 109,915 Machinery, various 67,064 69,539 1 36^603 Manufactures of iron and steel 1,895,957 5,177,827

"' 7,073,784

Metal, aluminum 3 1 1 ,728 64,437 1 376! 1 65

Metal, copper 4,072 943,749 947,82

1

Metal, iron 21,732 100,255 121,987 Metal, scrap 989,935 2,895 992,830

Metals, various (including tinplate) 97,230 428,474 525,704 Molasses 11,079 878,662 889J41

Nitrate of soda 75,641 207,978 283,619 Oats 21,598 434 22,032

Oil, coconut 2,828 108,222 1 1 1 ,050

Oil, crude 4,410,470 40,117.825 44.528,295

Oil, diesel 1,695,908 519,027 2,214,935

Oil, fish 373 176,4.s7 176,810

Oil, lube 656,604 148,945 805,549

Oil, residual fuel 2,121,474 2,315,966 4,437,440

Oil, vegetable 310,690 229,793 540,483

Oilseeds 160,382 58,163 218,545

Ore, alumina/ bauxite 365,831 179,950 545,781 Ore, copper 29,4 1

2

730.235 759,647
124 STATISTICAL TABLES

Table 14.— Principal Canal Commodities by Direction— Fiscal Year 1982 —

Continued

Commodity Ore, iron Ores, various Paper and paper products

Peas, dry Petroleum and products, various Phosphates

Potash Pulpwood

Refrigerated food products

(excluding bananas)

Resin

Rice Rubber, manufactured

Rubber, raw

Salt Seeds, excluding oilseeds Slag, clinkers, and dross Soda and sodium compounds . . Sorghum

Soybeans

Sugar

Sulfur Tallow

Textiles Tobacco and manufactures .... Toluene Wax, paraffin Wheat

Wool, raw

All otherTotal

[Long Ions'1 A llanlic to Pacific 23,325 322,645 695,819

3,254 727,827

5,149,300

108,399 374,928

509,809

346,986

61,858

24,400 760

117,962

1,350

19,071 79,634

2,012.704 6,467,988

1,623,608 2.210

57,498

141,938 59,472

34,075

7,871 11.013,175

2,388 6,777,102 96,557.067

Pacific

to Atlantic 262,075

2,964,430 536,905

42,355 485,932

69,828

197,781 1,527,316

2,078,877

6,953 315,274

32,341 40,329

585,280

21,902

8,175 230,752

3,610

4,133

1,751,846 2,575,156

13,823 43,151

2,798

3,016 5,736 2,983,638 22,088

6,345,574 88.895,265

Total 285,400

3,287,075

1,232,724 45,609

1,213,759 5,219,128 306,180

1,902,244

2,588,686 353,939

377,132

56,741 41,089 703,242

23,252 27,246 310,386

2,016,314

6,472,121 3,375,454 2,577,366

71,321 185,089 62,270

37,091

13,607 13,996,813 24,476

13,122,676 185,452,332
Other Statistics

125
126 OTHER STATISTICS

Table 15. — Water Supply and Usage

Percent of usage

Fiscal year fiscal vear 1982 1981 '

' 1982 1981 (Acre feel Madden and Gatun Lake Water Supply:

Total runoff. Madden Lake Basin 1,794,445 2,418,577 Evaporation from Madden Lake 39, 146 45,465 Municipal water use Madden Lake 79,606 70,893 Available for Madden Lake usage 1,675,693 2.302.219 Total runoff, Gatun Lake (area below Madden) . .

.

2,680.854 3,204,741 Subtotal 4,356,547 5,506,960 Evaporation from Gatun Lake 41 1,825 387,210

Available for Gatun watershed usage 3,944,722 5,119,750

Madden Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 1,748.622 1,720.041 Leakage 14,479 14.519 Spillway discharge 90,060 380.028 Municipal 79,606 70,893

Total Madden Lake usage 1,932,767 2,185,481

Gatun Lake Water Usage:

Hydroelectric power 1.097,865 1,821,579 Lockages, Gatun and Pedro Miguel 2.333,126 2,287,809 Municipal and other usages 90,237 89,986 Spillway discharge 587,282 667,746

Total Gatun Lake usage 4,108,510 4,867,120

Table 16. —Dredging Operations —Fiscal Year 1982

(Cubic yards) Earth Rock Coral Total Construction Dredging:

Gaillard Cut 123,275 205,725 329,000 Gatun Lake (Mamei Curve) 387,225 461,375 848,600

Total 510.500 667,100 1,177.600

Maintenance Dredging:

Pacific District 328,508 900 329,408

Atlantic District Central District Total 328.508 900 329.408

Auxiliary Dredging:

Cristobal/Teller's Island (North) 157.873 157,873 Grand Total 839,008 668,000 157,873 1,664.881

90 79

5 17 4 3 100 100

27 37 57 47

2 2 14 14 100 100
PANAMA CANAL COMMISSION 127

Table 17. —Electrical Power Generated

((iigawatt hours) '

Generation: Gatun Hydro station 68 Madden Hydro station 183 Thermal generating stations 309 dross generated by Panama Canal Commission 560

Less station service usage ( 12) Net total generated by Panama Canal Commission 548 Power Purchases: Through interconnect from Panama 8 Net Energy charged for Wheeling 6 Power Sales: Through interconnect to Panama (4) Net power generated and purchases for Canal Area only 558 Other power generated by military for own use Total Canal Area requirements 558 Power distributed to Canal Area customers 513

Distribution losses 45 Peak load (thousands of kilowatts) 89 Date of peak load Mar. 26 Canal Area load factor 2 71.6%

535

216

(6) 556 ~556

513

43

88 Apr. 13 72.1%

1 One gigawatt hour equal to 1 million kilowatt hours.

2 Total Canal Area requirements divided by number of hours per year times peak load.
128 OTHER STATISTICS

Table 18.— Police Statistics

Canal Area Arrests: U.S Jurisdiction R.P. Jurisdiction Total

U.S. Jurisdiction Charges:

Traffic violations Misdemeanors

Felonies Total *

* Total does not include traffic offenses which were paid in Traffic Violation Bureau

Fiscal year

1 1982 1981 1981 ' (6 months) (6 months) Total 85 131 257 484 398 926

569 529 1.183

12 40 72

81 93 188 4 14 17 97 147 277

42 153

Table 19.— Fire Statistics

Fiscal Year 1982 Fiscal Year 1981 Num- Number her of Property of Property

fires loss fires loss PCC 101 $85,541 109 $12,172

Armed Forces 367 25,700 369 34,908

Private (including ships) 80 3,087,869 85 159,865 R.P _J89 4,500 167 39

Total J737 $3,203,610 730 $206,984

Value of property involved in ship fires $22,023,051 $6,362,835 Value of property involved in other fires 147.372,940 78,793,829

Calls for emergency aid * 2,675 2,235 Total number of calls (all types) responded to 3,551 3,061

* Includes fire apparatus and ambulance.



UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

3 1262 08508 1957