Zz USGS US. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
=—— ried U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

SCALE 1-2 500.000
250 MES

250 KILOMETERS:

(EAST OF 102° WEST LONGITUDE)
By

David S. Fullerton, Charles A. Bush, and Jean N. Pennell

@ rivwt snc pve 2003

ee)

MAP OF SURFICIAL DEPOSITS AND MATERIALS IN THE EASTERN AND CENTRAL UNITED STATES

INDEX TO INTERNATIONAL MAP OF THE WORLD 1:1,000,000 TOPOGRAPHIC SERIES
Published maps in the “Quaternary Geologic Atlas of the United States” (U.S, Geological Survey Miscefaneous
Investigations Series 1420) shown In yellow:

INTRODUCTION

Letters In parentheses (left column of the following list} Indicate map units that
include deposits or materials of two or more genetic categories. The significance of
time divisions {for example, Holocene, Pleistocene, Wisconsin, Illinolan, pre-lllinotan)
is Indicated In table 1, which Is in the pamphlet that accompanies this map sheet.

SURFICIAL DEPOSITS
GLACIAL DEPOSITS (TILL)

Till of late Wisconsin and Holocene{?} age*
Clayey till
Ground-moraine deposits

End-moraine deposits
Loamy till

Ground-moraine deposits

End-moraine deposits

Stagnation-moraine deposits

Flood-scoured till

oe Clayey to sandy till
Collapsed till and glacial-lake deposits

(tq)
[tar] Til, ice-contact deposits, glaciofluvial deposits, and glaciolacustrine
deposits of late Wisconsin and IIlinoian age

‘Till of Ilinoian age
— Clayey to loamy till
Loamy till
[ieee Ground-moraine deposits
End-moraine deposits

| Loamy till of tilinoian and pre-IIlinoian age
Till of pre-IIlinotan age
Clayey to loamy till
Clayey to sandy till

Fe] ony a

Discontinuous till, discontinuous glaciofluvial deposits, and
concentrations of erratic boulders and cobbles

GLACIOTECTONIC DEPOSITS

Ea Surficial deposits, surficial materials, and bedrock masses that were
deformed and (or) transported intact by glacial ice

LACUSTRINE {LAKE} DEPOSITS

[a] Beach sand and dune sand of Holocene age (in beaches, spits,
and barriers)
Glacial and postglacial lake deposits of Holocene and late
Wisconsin age!. 2
Clay and silt

Silt and sand

Sand and gravel

Clay, silt, sand, and gravel

Density-current underflow-fan deposits

Delta deposits

(lol Slack-water lake deposits and alluvium of late Wisconsin age

Lake deposits of Iinoian age
Glacial-lake clay and silt

Slack-water lake deposits and alluvium
Lake deposits of pre-IIlinoian age

Glacial-lake clay and silt
Slack-water lake deposits and alluvium
Marl of Holocene and late and middle Wisconsin(?) age

Pluvial clay, silt, sand, and dolomite of late Pleistocene age
PALUDAL (MARSH AND SWAMP} DEPOSITS

Inland deposits of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
| fp | Peat and muck

Fresh-water swamp deposits

Coastal deposits of Holocene age
Fresh-water coastal-marsh peat and clay
Swamp deposits and dune sand
Mangrove-swamp deposits
Algal mat and carbonate deposits

Freshwater, brackish-water, and (or) saline-marsh deposits of
Holocene and late Wisconsin age

MARINE DEPOSITS
Glaciomarine deposits of late Wisconsin age

er
Sand and gravel
Delta deposits

| ime) | Glaciomarine deposits and till

Beach deposits of Holocene age (in beaches, spits, tombolos,
hooks, and barriers)
Quartz beach sand

Beach shell-fragment and shell sand
Beach mud

‘Coastal-plain marine deposits of Holocene age

[mm] Back-island slope, wash-over channel, lagoon, and wind-
tidal-flat deposits

(dbt Delta deposits

Coastal-plain marine deposits of late and middle Pleistocene age
Oolitic limestone
Coraline limestone

‘Coastal-plain marine deposits (lagoon and beach deposits) of
Pleistocene age
‘Coastal-plain marine deposits of Pleistocene and Pliocene age

[im | Beach and near-shore deposits
ma Back-barrier and lagoon deposits
ms Sand

[aa | Delta deposits

(mh) | Coastal-plain marine deposits (marine sand and alluvial sand) of
early Pleistocene and Pliocene age

EOLIAN (WINDBLOWN)} DEPOSITS
a “Clay dune” deposits of Holocene age

al Loess of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
~ pb’ | Loess of Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene age

[teat] Loess, loessal alluvium, and loessal colluvium of late and middle
Pleistocene age

eu Sand and silt of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
Sand of Holocene and late Pleistocene age

ed Dune sand

es Sheet sand

fec] | Sheet sand, loess, loessal alluvium, and loessal colluvium of
Holocene and Pleistocene age

ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS (ALLUVIUM}
____ Ice-contact deposits of late Wisconsin and Holocene(?) age"
= Ice-contact silt and sand
Ice-contact sand and gravel
Kame end-moraine or kame interlobate-moraine deposits
Subaerial and submarine kame-fan deposits
Glaciolacustrine kame-delta deposits
Marine kame-delta deposits
Ice-contact deposits and till
Mel Ice-contact deposits and glaciallake deposits
aay Tce-contact sand and gravel of Iimoian age

ISBN 0-b07-89369-4

SEO

GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS SERIES +2789
Pamphlet accompanies map

Glaciofluvial (outwash) deposits of late Wisconsin and
Holocene{?) age!
Outwash sand

Outwash sand and gravel
Outwash deposits and till
Outwash deposits and tce-contact deposits
Outwash deposits, ice-contact deposits, and glactal-lake deposits
Glactofluvial (outwash) deposits of [linoian age
Outwash silt, sand, and gravel
Outwash silt, outwash sand, and alluvium
Glaciofluvial (outwash) deposits of pre-Illinoian age
Outwash sand and gravel
Outwash sand and gravel and till
Catastrophic glacial outburst-flood deposits of late Wisconsin age
Flood deposits
Flood deposits and flood-scoured till

(ag) Alluvial, outwash, ice-contact, and glaciaHlake deposits of
Holocene and late Wisconsin age
La] Alluvial, outwash, ice-contact, and glaciallake deposits of
middle Pleistocene age
Ht Channel and flood-plain alluvium of Holocene and late
Wisconsin age
Jai) Alluvial deposits, lake deposits, and eolian deposits of Holocene
and late and middle Pleistocene age
Channel and flood-plain alluvium of Holocene and Pletstocene age
Alluvial deposits and estuarine marine deposits of Holocene,
Pleistocene, and Phocene age
Channel and flood-plain alluvium of late and middle Pleistocene age

acicgn Gone

{a0} ‘Cemented channel and flood-plain alluvium, fan alluvium,
sheetwash alluvium, and pediment{?) alluvium
ap Alluvial-delta deposits
at Alluvium of Pletstocene age beneath terraces, in paleovalleys,
and on upland surfaces

a ee Arkostc alluvium of middle and early Pleistocene and Pliocene age

Channel and flood-plain alluvium of early Pleistocene and
Pliocene age
Cemented alluvium

Alluvial deposits and lake deposits

Alluvial-fan and sheetwash-fan deposits of Holocene and late
and middle Pleistocene age

Sheetwash alluvium of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
Sheetwash alluvium

Sheetwash alluvium in badland terrain
Sheetwash alluvium and lake deposits
MASS-MOVEMENT DEPOSITS:
EES Slump-block, earthflow, and mudflow deposits of Holocene age

Landslide deposits of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
Landslide deposits, bouldery colluvium, and sheetwash alluvium
Landslide deposits, disintegration residuum, and sheetwash
alluvium

(na) Loamy solifluction deposits, colluvium, and decomposition
residuum of Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene age

nb} Loamy solifluction deposits of late Wisconsin age

tcp) | Colluviam, sheetwash alluvium, and landslide deposits of
Holocene and late Wisconsin age

Colluvium of Holocene and late Pleistocene age
Clayey chert-clast colluvium.
Gravelly colluvium

Colluvium of Holocene and late and middle Pleistocene age
Crystalline-boulder colluvium

Diabase- and basalt-clast colluvium

Resistant-block or resistant-boulder colluvium and rock waste
Sandstone-block or sandstone-boulder cofluvium
Carbonate-boulder or carbonate-clast colluvium

Clastic-clast colluvium

Locally gypsiferous clastic-clast colluvium and solution residuum
Acid shale—chip colluvium

Calcareous shale-chip and siltstone-clast colluvium
Shale-clast, chalk-clast, and chalky limestone-clast colluvium
Calcrete-clast colluvium

Chert-clast cofluvium

Sandy to clayey colluvium

Colluvium complex

tex) Colluvium and loess

ter) Cofluvium and solution residuum

fem) Colluvium, decomposition residuum, and solution residuum

Colluvium of Quatemary age
Colluvium and sheetwash alluvium

te) | Colluvium, decomposition residuum, and solution residuum

Colluvium and decomposition residuum of Quaternary and
Tertiary age
fe] Colluvium and alluvium of Pleistocene age

RESIDUAL MATERIALS

Grus of Quaternary and Tertiary age
Glaciated granitic grus

Feldspathic sandy grus

Disintegration residuum of Holocene and late Wisconsin age
‘Smectitic disintegration residuum and sheetwash alluvium on
bentonitic shale, micaceous shale, and soft clayey shale
Silty clay loam disintegration residuum and sheetwash alluvium

Loamy disintegration residuum and sheetwash alluvium on
clayey shale

Loamy disintegration residuum, sheetwash alluvium, and
colluvium on sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Loamy disintegration residuum, sheetwash alluvium, and
colluvium on sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, claystone,
shale, and lignite

Sandy disintegration residuum, sheetwash alluvium, and
colluvium on soft sandstone, siltstone, and shale

Disintegration residuum of Holocene and late and middle
Pleistocene age

Cemented, gravelly disintegration residuum
Quartz-sand disintegration residuum
Disintegration residuum on clastic rocks
Disintegration residuum on clastic rocks and carbonate rocks
Stony, gypsiferous disintegration residuum
Silty-clay disintegration residuum and gypsiferous solution
residuum
Decomposition residuum and colluvium of Holocene and late and
middle Pleistocene age on igneous and metamorphic rocks
Decomposition residuum of Quaternary and Tertiary age on
sand and gravel

Decomposition residuum on sand and gravel beneath high
stream terraces and in alluvial fans

Decomposition residuum on upland sand and gravel and on
paleochannel fill deposits
Chert-pebble decomposition residuum on channel gravel and sand

Crumbly quartz-clast decomposition residuum on sand and gravel
Decomposition residuum on sand or mixed-composition sand
and gravel on upland surfaces

Quartz-pebble, chert-pebble, and quartzite-pebble
decomposition residuum on sand and gravel on upland
surfaces

Decomposition residuum of Quaternary age on sedimentary
rocks that contain swelling-clay minerals or that weather
to form swelling-clay minerals

Smectitic-clay decomposition residuum

Sand, silt, and smectitic-clay decomposition residuum

Gravel, sand, silt, and smectitic-clay decomposition residuum

Decomposition residuum complex

Decomposition residuum complex

Decomposition residuum of Quaternary and Tertiary age on

other sedimentary rocks

Clayey to sandy decomposition residuum

Ferruginous sand and clay decomposition residuum

Decomposition residuum and colluvium on shale, siltstone,
and sandstone

Decomposition residuum on sandstone, siltstone, shale,
limestone, and dolomite

Decomposition residuum and colluvium on arkose, sandstone,
argillite, shale, and conglomerate

JEEOS EM 8 Belle

z

Clayey to sandy decomposition residuum and solution residuum
Cherty decomposition residuum, solution residuum, and
colluvium on limestone, shale, and sandstone

Clayey to sandy decomposition residuum and solution residuum
on sandstone, quartzite, shale, dolomite, and cherty
limestone

Clayey to sandy decomposition residuum and solution residuum
on clay, shale, coal, sandstone, and limestone

Loamy decomposition residuum and colluvium on sedimentary
rocks of mixed composition

Solution residuum of Quaternary and Tertiary age
Chert-poor or chert-free, clayey to sandy solution residuum

Cherty, clayey to sandy solution residuum
Ly Solution residuum complex

Cherty, quartz-sand solution residuum

Sandy solution residuum

Plastic-clay solution residuum and cherty colluvium
(rh Solution residuum and decomposition residuum

Clayey to sandy, saprolitized sand and gravel of Quaternary and
Tertiary age

Saprolite of Quaternary and Tertiary age on crystalline igneous
and metamorphic rocks

Clayey to sandy saprolite on granite, gneiss, schist, and other
felsic, mafic, and ultramafic igneous and metamorphic
rocks

Micaceous saprolite on felsic micaceous schist or rocks of
mixed composition
Clayey saprolite on diabase and basalt

Clayey saprolite on nephelene syenite

Clayey to sandy saprolite on phyllite, argillite, slate, marble,
greenstone, serpentinite, metabasalt, metarhyolite, and
other felsic metavoleanic rock

Quartz-rich saprolite of Quaternary and Tertiary age
OTHER MATERIALS
BAKED AND FUSED BEDROCK {CLINKER) OF QUATERNARY AGE
Clinker and colluvium
MAN-MADE LAND
Man-made land

: Bf J g

Contact

Limit of glacial advance—Dashed where inferred. Hachures point

in direction of glaciated area

Late Wisconsin—Southern limit of glaciation during Late
Wisconsin time, 35,000-11,150 yr ago

Mlinoian—Southern limit of glaciation during Illinotan time,
310,000-128,000 yr ago

IMlinoian or pre-[llinoian—Southern limit of glaciation during
Minoian or pre-lilinoian time, earlier than 128,000 yr ago

Predllinoian—Southern limit of glaciation prior to Illinoian time,
earlier than 310,000 yr ago

EET |

1Some glacial, ice-contact, gaciofluMal, and glacial-leke deposits in northeastern Minnesota,
northern Wisconsin, and northern Michigan may be earliest Holocene in age.

2Nonglacial lakes persisted in parts of some of the basins of former large glacial lakes tong
after meltwater ceased to enter those basins, The sediments deposited in the late Wisconsin
glecial lakes and the Holocene postglacial lakes in the same basins have not been distinguished.

Any use of trade names in this publication is for

deacriptive purpowes only and dows not imply

endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey

For sale by U.S. Geologionl Survey information Services
Box 25286, Federal Canter, Denver, CO 80225

1 -888-ASK-USGS

Arcinto files sed POF files for this peblication are available at
hetpcllpubs.usgs.goviimap/2003%-2789