Lumber Production 

and Mill Stocks: 2001 Issued July 2002

MA321T(01)-1

Current 

Industrial

Reports

Current data are released electronically on Internet 5.7 percent below the 49.4 billion board feet

for all individual surveys as they become avail- in 2000. Eastern lumber production amounted

able. Use: http://www.census.gov/mcd/. to 29.2 billion board feet in 2001, 6.3 percent 

Individual reports can be accessed by choosing below the 2000 level of 31.2 billion board feet.

"Current Industrial Reports (CIR)," clicking on Southern yellow pine production amounted to 

"CIRs by Subsector;" then choose the survey of 15.9 billion board feet in 2001, 4.1 percent 

interest. Follow the menu to view the PDF file below the 2000 production level. Production

or to download the worksheet file (WK format) of eastern hardwoods amounted to 10.9 

to your personal computer. billion board feet in 2001, 7.9 percent below

the 2000 level. Western lumber production

These data are also available on Internet amounted to 17.4 billion board feet in 2001, a

through the U.S. Department of Commerce decline of 4.6 percent from the 2000 producand STAT-USA by subscription. The Internet tion level of 18.3 billion board feet. Producion

address is: www.stat-usa.gov/. Follow the of western softwoods decreased by 4.6 percent

prompts to register. Also, you may call to 16.9 billion board feet from 2000 to 2001.

202-482-1986 or 1-800-STAT-USA, for Total western hardwood production decreased

further information. by 7.3 percent to 480 thousand board feet. 

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS. Production of For general CIR information, explanation of 

lumber in the United States amounted general terms and historical note, see the 

to 46.6 billion board feet in 2001, which is appendix.

Address inquiries concerning these data to Primary Goods Industries Branch, Manufacturing and Construction Division (MCD), Washington, DC 20233-6900,

 or call Dimetros W. Dammena 301-457-1603.

For mail or fax copies of this publication, please contact the Information Services Center, MCD, Washington, DC 20233-6900, or call 301-457-4673.

U S C E N S U S B U R E A U U.S. Department of Commerce

 Economics and Statistics Administration

Helping You Make Informed Decisions U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Table 1. Lumber Production: 1995 to 2001 

[Millions of board feet, lumber tally] 

 Softwoods

Southern

Year Total yellow Total

production Total pine Other hardwoods

2001............................ 46,642 35,309 15,900 19,409 11,333

2000........................... 49,445 37,147 16,588 20,559 12,298

1999............................ 50,556 38,033 16,842 21,191 12,523

1998.......................... 47,263 35,896 15,557 20,339 11,367

1997.......................... 46,560 35,457 15,408 20,049 11,103

1996......................... 44,755 34,065 15,060 19,005 10,690

1995........................... 43,971 33,043 14,700 18,343 10,928

Table 2. Lumber Mill Stocks: 1995 to 2001 

[Millions of board feet, lumber tally] 

End-of-year Total mill

stocks Softwoods Hardwoods

2001............................. 4,715 3,300 1,415

2000............................ 4,772 3,373 r/ 1,399

1999............................. 4,674 3,253 1,421

1998.............................. 4,290 2,986 1,304

1997.............................. 4,333 3,114 1,219

1996............................ 4,247 2,964 1,283

1995............................. 4,633 3,297 1,336

 r/Revised by 5 percent or more from previously published 

data. 
Table 3. Lumber Production of Softwoods and Hardwoods by State: 2001 and 2000 

[Millions of board feet, lumber tally]

 Total Softwoods Hardwoods

State 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000

 

 United States........................................ 46,642 49,445 35,309 37,147 11,333 12,298

 Eastern United States.........................29,220 31,177 18,367 19,397 10,853 11,780

Alabama.......................................................... 2,507 2,688 2,201 2,343 306 345

Arkansas......................................................2,621 2,643 2,129 2,133 492 510

Connecticut.................................................. 48 52 5 7 43 45

Delaware...................................................... 14 15 - - 14 15

Florida............................................................... 860 751 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Georgia............................................................ 2,844 3,200 2,413 2,773 431 427

Illinois..............................................................128 121 - - 128 121

Indiana.............................................................330 358 2 1 328 357

Iowa............................................................. 81 88 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Kansas.......................................................... 13 14 - - 13 14

Kentucky....................................................... 722 809 39 44 683 765

Louisiana.....................................................1,251 1,339 1,085 1,146 166 193

Maine............................................................. 973 1,225 795 1,026 178 199

Maryland.................................................... 261 293 103 109 158 184

Massachusetts............................................. (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Michigan........................................................ 706 681 249 198 457 483

Minnesota...................................................... 268 303 131 148 137 155

Mississippi...................................................... 2,792 2,920 2,327 2,395 465 525

Missouri.........................................................642 721 22 23 620 698

Nebraska....................................................... 33 34 - - 33 34

New Hampshire.......................................... 280 340 198 256 82 84

New Jersey................................................... 20 19 2 2 18 17

New York...................................................... 501 578 90 111 411 467

North Carolina................................................ 2,442 r/ 2,310 1,750 r/ 1,565 692 745

North Dakota................................................ 1 1 - - 1 1

Ohio.............................................................. 360 393 - 1 360 392

Oklahoma.................................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Pennsylvania............................................. 1,131 1,188 50 44 1,081 1,144

Rhode Island............................................... 10 11 3 3 7 8

South Carolina.............................................1,539 r/ 1,379 1,402 r/ 1,233 137 146

Tennessee.................................................. 896 954 36 40 860 914

Texas.......................................................... 1,485 1,642 1,277 1,390 208 252

Vermont...................................................... 218 233 96 114 122 119

Virginia........................................................1,583 1,545 728 702 855 843

West Virginia............................................ 718 804 13 6 705 798

Wisconsin................................................... 584 629 90 99 494 530

 Western United States................................... 17,422 18,268 16,942 17,750 480 518

Alaska.......................................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) - -

Arizona......................................................... 60 68 60 68 - -

California.....................................................3,011 3,287 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Colorado...................................................... 109 105 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Hawaii.......................................................... (D) (D) (Z) (Z) (D) (D)

Idaho.............................................................. 1,697 1,945 1,697 1,945 - -

Montana.......................................................1,190 1,340 1,190 1,340 - -

Nevada........................................................... (Z) (Z) (Z) (Z) - -

New Mexico................................................... 97 100 97 100 - -

Oregon.........................................................6,069 6,078 5,936 5,938 133 140

South Dakota............................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) - -

Utah................................................................ 51 105 51 105 - -

Washington............................................... 4,705 4,663 4,366 4,302 339 361

Wyoming...................................................... 197 172 197 172 - -

 - Represents zero. D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies. r/Revised by 

5 percent or more from previously published data. Z Represents less than 500,000 board feet. 
Table 4. Lumber Production by Species: 1997 to 2001 

[Millions of board feet, lumber tally] 

Product description 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997

 United States.................................................... 46,642 49,445 50,556 47,263 46,560

 Eastern United States.................................................. 29,220 31,177 31,701 29,727 29,105

Eastern softwoods..................................................... 18,367 19,397 19,686 18,767 18,470

 Pine, southern yellow.............................................. 15,900 16,588 16,842 15,557 15,408

 Pine, eastern white..................................................633 712 712 600 556

 Pine, other 1/............................................................427 399 411 292 283

 Spruce and fir 2/......................................................482 687 676 637 617

 Other eastern softwoods 3/....................................135 r/ 199 236 218 150

 Eastern softwoods, n.s.k. ........................................790 812 809 1,463 1,456

Eastern hardwoods...................................................10,853 11,780 12,015 10,960 10,635

 Ash............................................................................ 196 234 236 199 193

 Beech........................................................................ 65 79 78 68 69

 Birch.......................................................................... 93 100 104 77 70

 Cherry....................................................................... 225 242 249 208 195

 Cottonwood.............................................................. 84 100 108 72 74

 Aspen........................................................................ 131 148 166 128 142

 Gum.......................................................................... 200 241 247 204 195

 Hickory and pecan...................................................140 155 147 111 95

 Maple, hard.............................................................. 499 512 515 450 437

 Maple, soft................................................................325 354 348 282 256

 Oak, red....................................................................2,245 2,377 2,399 2,055 1,983

 Oak, white................................................................1,041 1,122 1,150 970 929

 Walnut, black........................................................... 48 49 43 26 25

 Yellow-poplar...........................................................991 1,097 1,090 971 946

 Other eastern hardwoods 4/...................................213 255 290 259 279

 Mixed hardwoods 5/...............................................1,259 1,415 1,538 1,289 1,195

 Eastern hardwoods, n.s.k. ...................................... 3,098 3,300 3,307 3,591 3,552

 Western United States................................................ 17,422 18,268 18,855 17,536 17,455

Western softwoods.................................................... 16,942 17,750 18,347 17,129 16,987

 Cedar, western red................................................. 684 710 639 593 654

 Cedar, other 6/.........................................................159 r/ 214 197 185 209

 Fir, Douglas.............................................................. 7,965 8,197 8,167 7,406 7,082

 Fir, hem-fir, white, and other................................. 3,504 3,669 3,940 3,622 3,521

 Pine, ponderosa....................................................... 1,784 1,951 2,088 2,064 2,266

 Pine, western white................................................ 36 39 36 31 40

 Pine, lodgepole........................................................494 570 664 707 671

 Pine, sugar............................................................... 155 r/ 128 159 139 173

 Redwood.................................................................. 565 577 647 701 735

 Spruce 7/..................................................................409 435 465 387 321

 Other western softwoods 8/...................................751 810 892 826 852

 Western softwoods, n.s.k. .......................................436 450 453 468 463

Western hardwoods 9/............................................. 480 518 508 407 468

 

 n.s.k. Not specified by kind. r/Revised by 5 percent or more from previously 

published data. 

 1/Includes jack pine and red (Norway) pine. 

 2/Includes balsam fir and eastern spruce. 

 3/Includes eastern red cedar, northern white cedar, southern white cedar, cypress, 

eastern hemlock, tamarack, and mixed softwoods. 

 4/Includes basswood, boxwood, butternut, elm, hackberry, and sycamore. 

 5/Mixed hardwoods includes mixed, ungraded hardwoods sawn for ties, timbers, 

blocking, cants, and pallet stock. 

 6/Includes Alaska cedar, incense cedar, and Port Orford cedar. 

 7/Includes Sitka and western/Engelmann spruce. 

 8/Includes western hemlock, western larch, and mixed softwoods. 

 9/Includes alder, aspen, birch, cottonwood, maple, oak, mixed hardwoods, and 

and western hardwoods not specified. 
Table 5. Lumber Production of Softwoods and Hardwoods by Lumber Industry Regions: 2001 and 2000 

[Millions of board feet, lumber tally] 

 Total Softwoods Hardwoods

Lumber industry region 

2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000

 United States....................................................... 46,642 49,445 35,309 37,147 11,333 12,298

 Eastern lumber regions................................... 29,220 31,177 18,367 19,397 10,853 11,780

Southern pine..............................................15,900 16,588 15,900 16,588 - -

Southern hardwood................................ 4,839 5,303 - - 4,839 5,303

Appalachian............................................. (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Northern hemlock and hardwood...................1,290 1,310 339 297 951 1,013

Northeastern............................................. (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Other......................................................... 1,821 1,936 724 758 1,097 1,178

 Western lumber regions...................... 17,422 18,268 16,942 17,750 480 518

Douglas fir................................................. 8,757 8,691 8,288 8,184 469 507

Western pine............................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

California redwood................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Alaska and Hawaii................................... (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

 - Represents zero. D Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies. 

 Note:

 LUMBER INDUSTRY REGIONS: 

 Eastern lumber regions: 

 Southern pine: Southern yellow pine. 

 Southern hardwood: All hardwoods in Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, 

 Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas; and the lowland counties of Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North 

 Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. 

 Appalachian: All hardwoods and softwoods, except southern yellow pine, in West Virginia and the 

 Appalachian range counties of Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, 

 Tennessee, and Virginia. 

 Northern hemlock and hardwood: All hardwoods and softwoods, except southern yellow pine, in 

 Michigan and Wisconsin. 

 Northeastern: All hardwoods and softwoods, except southern yellow pine, in Connecticut, Maine, 

 Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 

 Other: All hardwoods and softwoods, except southern yellow pine, in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 

 Kansas, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Dakota, and Ohio; all softwoods, except 

 southern yellow pine, in the lowland counties of Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, 

 South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia; and all softwoods, except southern yellow pine, in 

 Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. 

 Western lumber regions: 

 Douglas fir: All softwoods and hardwoods in Oregon and Washington west of the Cascades, and 

 in Jackson and Josephine counties in Oregon. 

 Western pine: All softwoods and hardwoods in Oregon and Washington east of the Cascades, 

 except in Jackson and Josephine counties in Oregon; in California, except in the California 

 redwood counties; and in Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, South 

 Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. 

 California redwood: All softwoods and hardwoods in the following fifteen counties of California: 

 Alameda, Contra Costa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Marin, Mendocino, Monterey, Napa, San Benito, 

 San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Crutz, Solano, and Sonoma. 

 Alaska and Hawaii: All softwoods and hardwoods in Alaska and Hawaii. 
Continued 1

Table 6. Production, Exports, Imports, and Apparent Consumption of Lumber by Species: 2001 and 2000 

[Thousands of cubic meters] 

Percent

Product Exports of Percent imports to

code Product description domestic exports to Imports for Apparent apparent

Produc- merchan- produc- consump- consump- consumption 1/ dise 2/ tion tion 2/ tion 3/ tion

2001

 United States............................. 110,061 4,741 4.3 48,353 153,673 31.5

Softwoods 4/.......................................... 83,320 2,108 2.5 46,928 128,140 36.6

 Pine.................................................... 45,848 876 1.9 2,034 47,006 4.3

3211133933 Lodgepole pine............................. 1,166 17 1.5 68 1,217 5.6

3211133929 Ponderosa pine ............................ 4,210 84 2.0 77 4,203 1.8

3211133911, 13, Other pine, including

 15, 31, 35 southern yellow and

 eastern white pine........................... 40,472 775 1.9 1,889 41,586 4.5

3211133925 Douglas fir.......................................... 18,795 353 1.9 1,113 19,555 5.7

3211133921 Western red cedar............................... 1,614 27 1.7 1,478 3,065 48.2

3211133917, 19, Other softwoods, including 

 23, 27, 37, 39, hemlock, spruce, fir (other 

 41, 43 than Douglas fir), cedar 

 (other than western red 

 cedar), and mixed softwoods.............. 14,170 852 6.0 42,303 55,621 76.1

32111339XX Softwoods, n.s.k. ................................ 2,893 (X) (X) (X) 2,893 (X)

Hardwoods 4/........................................ 26,741 2,633 9.8 1,425 25,533 5.6

3211131951 Ash...................................................... 463 131 28.3 10 342 2.9

3211131953 Beech.................................................. 153 6 3.9 6 153 3.9

3211131955 Birch................................................... 219 39 17.8 116 296 39.2

3211131957 Cherry................................................ 531 158 29.8 7 380 1.8

3211131965 Hickory and pecan............................ 330 22 6.7 3 311 1.0

3211131967, 69 Maple................................................. 1,944 365 18.8 222 1,801 12.3

3211131971 Red oak.............................................. 5,298 549 10.4 21 4,770 0.4

3211131973 White oak........................................... 2,456 538 21.9 14 1,932 0.7

3211131975 Black walnut...................................... 113 60 53.1 3 56 5.4

3211131977 Yellow-poplar.................................... 2,338 225 9.6 2 2,115 0.1

3211131959, 61, Other hardwoods, including 

 63, 79, 81, 83 cottonwood, aspen, gum, and

 mixed hardwoods........................... 5,501 540 9.8 1,021 5,982 17.1

32111319XX Hardwoods, n.s.k. ............................... 7,395 (X) (X) (X) 7,395 (X)

2000

 United States............................. 116,678 5,974 5.1 47,093 157,797 29.8

Softwoods 4/.......................................... 87,657 3,025 3.5 45,410 130,042 34.9

 Pine.................................................... 48,108 1,225 2.5 2,002 48,885 4.1

3211133933 Lodgepole pine............................. 1,345 33 2.5 125 1,437 8.7

3211133929 Ponderosa pine ............................ 4,604 126 2.7 79 4,557 1.7

3211133911, 13, Other pine, including

 15, 31, 35 southern yellow and

 eastern white pine........................... 42,159 1,066 2.5 1,798 42,891 4.2

3211133925 Douglas fir.......................................... 19,343 547 2.8 1,075 19,871 5.4

3211133921 Western red cedar............................... 1,675 63 3.8 1,535 3,147 48.8

3211133917, 19, Other softwoods, including 

 23, 27, 37, 39, hemlock, spruce, fir (other 

 41, 43 than Douglas fir), cedar 

 (other than western red 

 cedar), and mixed softwoods.............. 15,553 1,190 7.7 40,798 55,161 74.0
Continued 2

Table 6. Production, Exports, Imports, and Apparent Consumption of Lumber by Species: 2001 and 2000 

[Thousands of cubic meters] 

Percent

Product Exports of Percent imports to

code Product description domestic exports to Imports for Apparent apparent

Produc- merchan- produc- consump- consump- consumption 1/ dise 2/ tion tion 2/ tion 3/ tion

32111339XX Softwoods, n.s.k. ................................ 2,978 (X) (X) (X) 2,978 (X)

Hardwoods 4/........................................ 29,021 2,949 10.2 1,683 27,755 6.1

3211131951 Ash...................................................... 552 146 26.4 11 417 2.6

3211131953 Beech.................................................. 186 14 7.5 13 185 7.0

3211131955 Birch................................................... 236 35 14.8 102 303 33.7

3211131957 Cherry................................................ 571 178 31.2 20 413 4.8

3211131965 Hickory and pecan............................ 366 18 4.9 2 350 0.6

3211131967, 69 Maple................................................. 2,044 452 22.1 269 1,861 14.5

3211131971 Red oak.............................................. 5,609 653 11.6 18 4,974 0.4

3211131973 White oak........................................... 2,648 577 21.8 15 2,086 0.7

3211131975 Black walnut...................................... 116 41 35.3 2 77 2.6

3211131977 Yellow-poplar.................................... 2,589 254 9.8 2 2,337 0.1

3211131959, 61, Other hardwoods, including 

 63, 79, 81, 83 cottonwood, aspen, gum, and 

 mixed hardwoods........................... 6,230 581 9.3 1,229 6,878 17.9

32111319XX Hardwoods, n.s.k. ............................... 7,874 (X) (X) (X) 7,874 (X)

 n.s.k. Not specified by kind. X Not applicable. 

 1/Import and export data were collected in cubic meters. A conversion factor of 2.35973725 thousands of cubic 

meters per 1 million of board feet was used to convert production from millions of board feet to thousands of meters. 

 2/Import and export data for 2001 and 2000 do not include cross-ties. 

 3/Apparent consumption is equal to production plus imports minus exports. 

 4/Totals for softwoods and hardwoods include the n.s.k. production data. 

 Note: For a comparison of North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-based product codes with 

Schedule B export codes and HTSUSA import codes, see Table 7. 
Continued 1

Table 7. Comparison of North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-Based Product Codes with Schedule B Export

 Codes and HTSUSA Import Codes: 2001 

Product Export Import

code Product description codes codes

3211133933 Lodgepole pine.............................................................................................................. 4407.10.0044 4407.10.0044

4407.10.0045 4407.10.0045

3211133929 Ponderosa pine............................................................................................................ 4407.10.0048 4407.10.0048

4407.10.0049 4407.10.0049

3211133911, Other pine, including southern yellow and eastern white pine...................................... 4407.10.0042 4407.10.0042

 13, 15, 31, 4407.10.0043 4407.10.0043

 35 4407.10.0046 4407.10.0046

4407.10.0047 4407.10.0047

4407.10.0052 4407.10.0052

4407.10.0053 4407.10.0053

3211133925 Douglas fir.......................................................................................................................4407.10.0054 4407.10.0054

4407.10.0055 4407.10.0055

4407.10.0056 4407.10.0056

4407.10.0057 4407.10.0057

3211133921 Western red cedar......................................................................................................... 4407.10.0068 4407.10.0068

4407.10.0069 4407.10.0069

3211133917, Other softwoods, including hemlock, spruce, fir (other than Douglas

 19, 23, 27, fir), cedar (other than western red cedar), and mixed softwoods............................ 4407.10.0001 4407.10.0001

 37, 39, 41, 4407.10.0002 4407.10.0002

 43 4407.10.0015 4407.10.0015

4407.10.0016 4407.10.0016

4407.10.0017 4407.10.0017

4407.10.0018 4407.10.0018

4407.10.0019 4407.10.0019

4407.10.0020 4407.10.0020

4407.10.0058 4407.10.0058

4407.10.0059 4407.10.0059

4407.10.0064 4407.10.0064

4407.10.0065 4407.10.0065

4407.10.0066 4407.10.0066

4407.10.0067 4407.10.0067

4407.10.0074 4407.10.0074

4407.10.0075 4407.10.0075

4407.10.0076 4407.10.0076

4407.10.0077 4407.10.0077

4407.10.0082 4407.10.0082

4407.10.0083 4407.10.0083

4407.10.0092 4407.10.0092

4407.10.0093 4407.10.0093

3211131951 Ash............................................................................................................................... 4407.99.0065 4407.99.0065

4407.99.0066 4407.99.0066

3211131953 Beech............................................................................................................................ 4407.92.0020 4407.92.0020

4407.92.0040 4407.92.0040

3211131955 Birch............................................................................................................................. 4407.99.0050 4407.99.0050

4407.99.0051 4407.99.0051

3211131957 Cherry......................................................................................................................... 4407.99.0040 4407.99.0040

4407.99.0041 4407.99.0041

3211131965 Hickory and pecan..........................................................................................................4407.99.0070 4407.99.0070

4407.99.0071 4407.99.0071
Continued 2

Table 7. Comparison of North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-Based Product Codes with Schedule B Export

 Codes and HTSUSA Import Codes: 2001 

Product Export Import

code Product description codes codes

3211131967, Maple.......................................................................................................................... 4407.99.0020 4407.99.0020

 69 4407.99.0021 4407.99.0021

4407.99.0025 4407.99.0025

3211131971 Red oak...................................................................................................................... 4407.91.0020 4407.91.0020

4407.91.0021 4407.91.0021

3211131973 White oak...................................................................................................................... 4407.91.0060 4407.91.0060

4407.91.0061 4407.91.0061

3211131975 Black walnut................................................................................................................. 4407.99.0075 4407.99.0075

4407.99.0076 4407.99.0076

3211131977 Yellow-poplar..................................................................................................................4407.99.0045 4407.99.0045

4407.99.0046 4407.99.0046

3211131959, Other hardwoods, including cottonwood, aspen, and gum............................................ 4407.24.0000

 61, 63, 79, 4407.24.0005

 81, 83 4407.24.0010

4407.24.0025

4407.24.0030

4407.24.0090

4407.24.0095

4407.25.0000 4407.25.0000

4407.26.0000 4407.26.0000

4407.29.0000

4407.29.0005

4407.29.0010

4407.29.0025

4407.29.0030

4407.29.0090

4407.29.0095

4407.99.0030 4407.99.0030

4407.99.0031 4407.99.0031

4407.99.0047

4407.99.0048

4407.99.0090

4407.99.0091

4407.99.0095

4407.99.0096

 Sources: 2001 edition, Harmonized System-based Schedule B, Statistical Classification of Domestic and Foreign 

Commodities Exported from the United States; Harmonized Tarriff Schedule of the United States, Annotated (2001). 
Current Industrial Reports A-1

Appendix. 

General CIR Survey Information, Explanation of General Terms

and Historical Note

GENERAL

The CIR program has been providing monthly,

quarterly, and annual measures of industrial activity for

many years. Since 1904, with its cotton and fats and oils

surveys, the CIR program has formed an essential part

of an integrated statistical system involving the quinquennial economic census, manufacturing sector, and

the annual survey of manufactures. The CIR surveys,

however, provide current statistics at a more detailed

product level than either of the other two statistical

programs.

The primary objective of the CIR program is to

produce timely, accurate data on production and

shipments of selected products. The data are used to

satisfy economic policy needs and for market analysis,

forecasting, and decision making in the private sector.

The product-level data generated by these surveys are

used extensively by individual firms, trade associations,

and market analysts in planning or recommending

marketing and legislative strategies, particularly if their

industry is significantly affected by foreign trade.

Although production and shipments information are the

two most common data items collected, the CIR

program collects other measures also such as

inventories, orders, and consumption. These surveys

measure manufacturing activity in important commodity

areas such as textiles and apparel, chemicals, primary

metals, computer and electronic components, industrial

equipment, aerospace equipment, and consumer

goods.

The CIR program uses a unified data collection,

processing, and publication system. The U.S. Census

Bureau updates the survey panels for most reports

annually and reconciles the estimates to the results of

the broader-based annual survey of manufactures and

the economic census, manufacturing sector. The manufacturing sector provides a complete list of all

producers of the products covered by the CIR program

and serves as the primary source for CIR sampling.

Where a small number of producers exist, CIR surveys

cover all known producers of a product. However, when

the number of producers is too large, cutoff and

random sampling techniques are used. Surveys are

continually reviewed and modified to provide the most

up-to-date information on products produced. The CIR

program includes a group of mandatory and voluntary

surveys. Typically the monthly and quarterly surveys are

conducted on a voluntary basis. Those companies that

choose not to respond to the voluntary surveys are

required to submit a mandatory annual counterpart

corresponding to the more frequent survey.

NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION

SYSTEM (NAICS), 1997 

The adoption of the North American Industry

Classification System (NAICS) in the 1997 Economic

Census has had a major impact on the comparability of

current and historic data. Approximately half of the

industries in the manufacturing sector of NAICS do not

have comparable industries in the Standard Industrial

Classification (SIC) system that was used in the past.

While most of the change affecting the

manufacturing sector was change within the sector,

some industries left manufacturing and others came into

manufacturing. Prominent among those that left

manufacturing are logging and portions of publishing.

Prominent among the industries that came into the

manufacturing sector are bakeries, candy stores where

candy is made on the premises, custom tailors, makers

of custom draperies, and tire retreading. The net effect

of the classification changes are such that if the 1997

value of shipments data for all manufacturers were

tabulated on an SIC basis, it would be approximately 3

percent higher.

Listed below are the NAICS sectors:

21 Mining

22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

42 Wholesale Trade

44-45 Retail Trade

48-49 Transportation and Warehousing

51 Information

52 Finance and Insurance

53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services

55 Management of Companies and Enterprises

56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management

and Remediation Services

61 Educational Services

62 Health Care and Social Assistance

71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

72 Accommodation and Food Services

81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry,

Fishing, and Hunting sector (NAICS 11), partially covered

by the census of agriculture conducted by the U.S.

Department of Agriculture, and the Public

Administration sector (NAICS 92), covered by the census

of governments conducted by the Census Bureau.)
Current Industrial Reports A-2

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 96

subsectors (three-digit codes), 313 industry groups

(four-digit codes), and, as implemented in the United

States, 1170 industries (five- and six-digit codes).

FUNDING

The Census Bureau funds most of the surveys.

However, a number of surveys are paid for either fully

or partially by other Federal Government agencies or

private trade associations. A few surveys are mandated,

but all are authorized by Title 13 of the United States

Code.

RELIABILITY OF DATA

Survey error may result from several sources

including the inability to obtain information about all

cases in the survey, response errors, definitional

difficulties, differences in the interpretation of

questions, mistakes in recording or coding the reported

data, and other errors of collection, response,

coverage, and estimation. These nonsampling errors

also occur in complete censuses. Although no direct

measurement of the biases due to these nonsampling

errors has been obtained, precautionary steps were

taken in all phases of the collection, processing, and

tabulation of the data in an effort to minimize their

influence.

A major source of bias in the published estimates is

the imputing of data for nonrespondents, for late

reporters, and for data that fail logic edits. Missing

figures are imputed based on period-to-period

movements shown by reporting firms. A figure is

considered to be an impute if the value was not directly

reported on the questionnaire, directly derived from

other reported items, directly available from

supplemental sources, or obtained from the respondent

during the analytical review phase. Imputation generally

is limited to a maximum of 10 percent for any one data

cell. Figures with imputation rates greater than 10

percent are suppressed or footnoted. The imputation

rate is not an explicit indicator of the potential error in

published figures due to nonresponse, because the

actual yearly movements for nonrespondents may or

may not closely agree with the imputed movements.

The range of difference between the actual and

imputed figures is assumed to be small. The degree of

uncertainty regarding the accuracy of the published

data increases as the percentage of imputation

increases. Figures with imputation rates above 10

percent should be used with caution.

DATA REVISIONS

Statistics for previous years may be revised as the

result of corrected figures from respondents, late

reports for which imputations were originally made, or

other corrections. Data that have been revised by more

than 5 percent from previously published data are

indicated by footnotes.

DISCLOSURE

The Census Bureau collects the CIR data under the

authority of Title 13, United States Code, which

specifies that the information can only be used for

statistical purposes and cannot be published or released

in any manner that would identify a person, household,

or establishment. "D" indicates that data in the cell have

been suppressed to avoid disclosure of information

pertaining to individual companies.

EXPLANATION OF GENERAL TERMS

Capacity. The maximum quantity of a product that can

be produced in a plant in 1 day if operating for 24

hours. Includes the capacity of idle plants until the plant

is reported to be destroyed, dismantled, or abandoned.

Consumption. Materials used in producing or

processing a product or otherwise removing the

product from the inventory.

Exports. Includes all types of products shipped to

foreign countries, or to agents or exporters for

reshipment to foreign countries.

Gross shipments. The quantity or value of physical

shipments from domestic establishments of all products

sold, transferred to other establishments of the same

company, or shipped on consignment, whether for

domestic or export sale or use. Shipments of products

purchased for resale are omitted. Shipments of

products made under toll arrangements are included.

Interplant transfers. Shipments to other domestic

plants within a company for further assembly,

fabrication, or manufacture.

Inventories. The quantity or value of finished goods,

work in progress, and materials on hand.

Machinery in place. The number of machines of a

particular type in place as of a particular date whether

the machinery was used for production, prototype, or

sampling, or was idle. Machinery in place includes all

machinery set up in operating positions.

Net receipts. Derived by subtracting the materials held

at the end of the previous month from the sum of

materials used during the current month.

Production. The total volume of products produced,

including: products sold; products transferred or added

to inventory after adjustments for breakage, shrinkage,

and obsolescence, plus any other inventory adjustment;

and products that undergo further manufacture at the

same establishment. 

Quantities produced and consumed. Quantities of

each type of product produced by a company for

internal consumption within that same company.
Current Industrial Reports A-3

Quantity and value of new orders. The sales value

of orders received during the current reporting period

for products and services to be delivered immediately

or at some future date. Also represents the net sales

value of contract change documents that increase or

decrease the sales value of the orders to which they are 

related, when the parties concerned are in substantial

agreement as to the amount involved. Included as

orders are only those that are supported by binding

legal documents such as signed contracts or letter

contracts.

Quantity and value of shipments. The figures on

quantity and value of shipments represent physical

shipments of all products sold, transferred to other

establishments of the same company, or shipped on

consignment, whether for domestic or export sale. The

value represents the net sales price, f.o.b. plant, to the

customer or branch to which the products are shipped,

net of discounts, allowances, freight charges, and

returns. Shipments to a company's own branches are

assigned the same value as comparable appropriate

allocation of company overhead and profit. Products

bought and resold without further manufacture are

excluded.

Stocks. Total quantity of ending finished inventory.

Unfilled orders (backlog). Calculated by adding net

new orders and subtracting net sales from the backlog

at the end of the preceding year.

HISTORICAL NOTE

Data on lumber production and stocks have been

collected by the Census Bureau since 1904. Historical

data may be obtained from Current Industrial Reports

(called Facts for Industry before 1959) available at your

local Federal Depository Library.