An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with 

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

Appendix 1: Damage Cases from Recycling of

Hazardous Secondary Materials
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-1

Appendix 1 Contents

Damage Cases from Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

2303 Kennedy Street Site Minnesota U.S. EPA, 2007

43rd Street Bay Drum and Steel Company Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.) Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Agmet Metals, Incorporated Ohio U.S. EPA, 2014

Agrifos Fertilizer Texas U.S. EPA, 2014

Air Products LLC. Texas U.S. EPA, 2014

Alco Pacific California U.S. EPA, 2007

Allied Signal Hydrofluoric Acid Plant Louisiana U.S. EPA, 2008

Alternate Energy Resources, Inc. Georgia U.S. EPA, 2007

Amacor Residential/Amacor Magnesium Fire Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

American Brass Alabama U.S. EPA, 2007

American Iron Oxide Company (AMROX) Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2011

American Metals Recovery Corporation New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2014

American Recovery Corp., Inc. Maryland U.S. EPA, 2007

American Recycling Company Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Anzon Incorporated Texas U.S. EPA, 2014

Aqua-Tech Environmental, Inc. (Groce Laboratories) South Carolina U.S. EPA, 2007

Arkla Terra Property Florida U.S. EPA, 2014

ASARCO Zinc Oxide Production Facility Ohio U.S. EPA, 2008

Atlantic Resources Corporation New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Aztec Mercury Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Back Waste Oil New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Baldwin Waste Oil Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Baron Blakeslee California U.S. EPA, 2007

Baron Blakeslee Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Basin Oil Company Washington U.S. EPA, 2014
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-2

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington) North Carolina U.S. EPA, 2007

Bay Area Metals Recycling West Virginia U.S. EPA, 2014

Bay Zinc Company Inc. Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Beacon Battery Company Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Beede Waste Oil New Hampshire U.S. EPA, 2007

Bergsoe Metal Corporation Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Berman Steel – Salinas California U.S. EPA, 2007

Bern Metals New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Bingham & Taylor Virginia U.S. EPA, 2007

Blue Ridge Solvents and Coatings, Inc. Virginia U.S. EPA, 2011

Boro Auto Wreckers New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Boulden Incorporated Maryland U.S. EPA, 2007

Breslube-Penn, Inc. Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Cal West Metals New Mexico U.S. EPA, 2007

Callaway & Son Drum Service Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Carter Industrials Inc. Michigan U.S. EPA, 2007

Century 21 Paints Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

CFF Recycling Titanium Fire Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Chemetco Illinois U.S. EPA, 2014

Chemical and Pigment Company California U.S. EPA, 2007

Chemical Recovery (EQ Resource 

Recovery/Michigan Recovery)

Michigan U.S. EPA, 2008

Chem-Solv, Inc. Delaware U.S. EPA, 2007

Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental Oklahoma U.S. EPA, 2007

Circle Smelting Corporation Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

Clayton Chemical Company Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

CleanCare Corporation Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

College Grove Battery Chip Tennessee 

U.S. EPA, 2008

U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-3

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Columbus Steel Drum Company Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Commodity Refining Exchange California U.S. EPA, 2007

Conbraco Industries South Carolina U.S. EPA, 2007

Consolidated Iron and Metal New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Consolidated Recycling, Inc. New Hampshire U.S. EPA, 2007

Continental Steel Corp. Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Cooper Drum Co. California U.S. EPA, 2007

County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site) Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

CoZinCo Colorado U.S. EPA, 2007

Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Crosby Motors Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc. New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Cycle Chem Incorporated New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Danmark Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

David John Property Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Davis Chemical Company California U.S. EPA, 2007

Dearborn Refining Company Michigan U.S. EPA, 2014

Delatte Metals Louisiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Dennis Residence Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Diamond State Salvage Delaware U.S. EPA, 2007

Dixie Barrel and Drum Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2007

Dixie Oil Processors, Inc. Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Don's Recycling aka All Salvaged Auto Parts Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Dyno Battery Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

East Penn Manufacturing Co, Inc. Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises Missouri U.S. EPA, 2007

Efros Barrel Co. Rhode Island U.S. EPA, 2007

Emerald Recycling Washington U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-4

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Encycle/ Texas Inc. Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Energy Savings LTD, Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

ENRX, Inc. (formerly Voelker Analysis) New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Environmental Pacific Corporation Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Environmental Processing Services Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Environmental Waste Resources, Inc. Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

Enviropur West Corporation California U.S. EPA, 2007

Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, 

Inc)

Georgia U.S. EPA, 2007

Far Star Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2007

Federated Metals California U.S. EPA, 2007

Feldman Barrel & Drum New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Florida Petroleum Reprocessors Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Franklin Burn New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Franklin Slag Pile (MDC Industries, Inc.) Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

G2 Revolution Ohio U.S. EPA, 2014

Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Gibson Environmental California U.S. EPA, 2007

GNB Incorporated (Exide Technologies) California U.S. EPA, 2007

Grant Warehouse Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Griffin Pipe Products Company New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Halaco Engineering Company California

U.S. EPA, 2014

U.S. EPA, 2008

Hand in Hand Recycling Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Harding Metals, Inc. New Hampshire U.S. EPA, 2007

Hassan Barrel Company, Inc. Indiana

U.S. EPA, 2011

U.S. EPA, 2007

Hayes Lemmerz International Inc. Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Helms Drum Service Florida U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-5

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Heritage Environmental Services Indiana U.S. EPA, 2007

High-Tech Now Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Holloway Oil Company Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Horsehead Resource Development Corporation Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2011

Horseshoe Road New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Hudson Technologies, Inc. New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Huff Battery Salvage South Carolina U.S. EPA, 2007

Hydromet Environmental USA Incorporated Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

Hydromex Mississippi U.S. EPA, 2008

U.S. EPA, 2007

Industrial Pollution Control Mississippi U.S. EPA, 2007

Industrial Solvents and Chemical Co. Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery Utah U.S. EPA, 2007

International Processing Specialists (IPS) Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO) Alabama U.S. EPA, 2007

Island Recycling Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

J Pitt Melt Shop Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

J. C. Pennco Waste Oil Service Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Jack Goins Waste Oil Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2007

JG Grant & Sons, Inc. Massachusetts U.S. EPA, 2007

Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc. Georgia U.S. EPA, 2007

Joel C. Patterson and AC Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

John Alexander Research California U.S. EPA, 2007

K&D Salvage California U.S. EPA, 2007

Kempton Brothers, Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Leeds Metal Maine U.S. EPA, 2014

Lighting Recyclers, Inc. Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Lightman Drum Company New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Liquid Chemical Corp. California U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-6

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co. California U.S. EPA, 2007

Lubrx Products, Inc. Massachusetts U.S. EPA, 2007

Lyon Property Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Malone Services Company - Swan Lake Plant Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Many Diversified Interests (Can-Am) Texas 

U.S. EPA, 2008

U.S. EPA, 2007

Maralco Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Marine Shale Processors Louisiana U.S. EPA, 2007

Martin Aaron, Inc. New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Master Metals Inc. Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Matteo Iron and Metal New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

McBay Oil and Gas Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Melton Kelly Property Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Mercury Refining, Inc. New York U.S. EPA, 2007

Metals Recycling, LLC Rhode Island U.S. EPA, 2007

Metro Container Corporation Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2014

Miami Battery Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Midwest Guardian Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Missouri Electric Works Missouri U.S. EPA, 2007

Mobile Smelting California U.S. EPA, 2007

Moreco Energy, Inc. Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

Myers Drum California U.S. EPA, 2007

National Oil Services Connecticut U.S. EPA, 2007

New England Container Co. Rhode Island U.S. EPA, 2007

Newark Processing Ohio U.S. EPA, 2008

Nooksack Valley Disposal Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Northwest Transformer (Mission/Pole) Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Nucor Corporation, Inc. North Carolina U.S. EPA, 2007

Old Bridge Chemicals, Inc. / Madison Industries New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-7

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Old ESCO Manufacturing Texas U.S. EPA, 2014

Old Salem Tannery II Virginia U.S. EPA, 2007

Omega Chemical Corporation California U.S. EPA, 2007

OMG Air Emissions Utah U.S. EPA, 2007

ONARP Inc. (Mel's Battery) Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

P4 Production LLC - Monsanto Idaho U.S. EPA, 2007

Pagano Salvage New Mexico U.S. EPA, 2007

Parawax Reclaiming, Inc. Oklahoma U.S. EPA, 2007

Peck Iron and Metal Virginia U.S. EPA, 2014

PECO Energy Company (Exelon) Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Pellestar Limited Michigan U.S. EPA, 2007

Petrochem Recycling Corp./Ekotek Plant Utah U.S. EPA, 2007

Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility Arizona U.S. EPA, 2008

Pick-Your-Part Auto Recyclers California U.S. EPA, 2014

Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Poly-Cycle Industries, Tecula Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Progressive Marketing Group, Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Queen City Barrel Co. Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Quicksilver Products, Inc. California U.S. EPA, 2007

R. Lavin & Sons, Inc. Illinois U.S. EPA, 2007

Raleigh Street Dump Florida U.S. EPA, 2014

Recyclights West California U.S. EPA, 2008

Red Jacket Salvage Yard West Virginia U.S. EPA, 2007

Red River Aluminum Arkansas U.S. EPA, 2007

Refined Metals Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2007

Reflex Recycling Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Re-Gen Incorporated Ohio U.S. EPA, 2014

Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ New York U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-8

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Rho Chem Corp California U.S. EPA, 2007

Rineco Chemical Arkansas U.S. EPA, 2014

River Recycling Industries, Inc. Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Rockwool Industries, Inc. Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Rogene French Alcohol Missouri U.S. EPA, 2007

Romarc Industries (Ron Roberts) Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Romic Environmental Technologies Arizona U.S. EPA, 2011

Romic Environmental Technologies California U.S. EPA, 2011

Ross Metals, Inc. Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2007

Rouse Steel Drum Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Rowe Paint and Plas-Chem Coatings (Wilmer Rowe) Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

SA Recycling California U.S. EPA, 2014

SafCo Environmental Washington U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety Kleen Corporation Maryland U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen (Hebron) Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen (San Jose Facility) California U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen Corporation, Reedley Recycling Center California U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen Corporation, Rohnert Park California U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen Envirosystems Company New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen Systems, Inc. Virginia U.S. EPA, 2007

Safety-Kleen, Inc., El Monte California U.S. EPA, 2007

Sandoval Zinc Company Illinois U.S. EPA, 2014

Saran Protective Coatings Michigan U.S. EPA, 2007

Schuylkill Metals Corp. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Scorpio Recycling, Inc. Puerto Rico U.S. EPA, 2007

Sentco Paints Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Sierra Battery Sales California U.S. EPA, 2007

Singleton Battery Florida U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-9

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Singleton Battery/TPA Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Smith Chemical Ohio U.S. EPA, 2007

Smokey Mountain Smelters Tennessee U.S. EPA, 2014

SoGreen, Parramore Fertilizer, Barren Area Georgia U.S. EPA, 2007

South Brunswick Asphalt New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

Spectron, Inc. Maryland U.S. EPA, 2007

Standard Chlorine of Delaware Delaware U.S. EPA, 2007

Supreme Asset Management and Recovery New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2014

Sybill Oil Michigan U.S. EPA, 2014

Tetra Micronutrients (formerly American Microtrace) Nebraska U.S. EPA, 2007

The Battery Recycling Company Puerto Rico U.S. EPA, 2014

Thermo Fluids Oregon U.S. EPA, 2007

Thermochem Inc. Michigan U.S. EPA, 2007

Tonolli Corporation Pennsylvania U.S. EPA, 2007

Tri-City Oil Conservationist, Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

U.S. Antimony Corporation Mine and Smelter Montana U.S. EPA, 2008

U.S. Oil Recovery Texas U.S. EPA, 2014

U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Incorporated Indiana U.S. EPA, 2014

UNC Recovery Corp. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

Union Foundry Alabama U.S. EPA, 2008

United Metal Recovery California U.S. EPA, 2007

United Metals, Inc. Florida U.S. EPA, 2007

V&M/Albaladejo Puerto Rico U.S. EPA, 2007

Victor Industrial Battery California U.S. EPA, 2007

Voda Petroleum Inc. Texas U.S. EPA, 2007

Waste Research & Reclamation Co. Wisconsin 

U.S. EPA, 2008

U.S. EPA, 2007

Webb Mineral/TNT General Contracting Site Missouri U.S. EPA, 2014

Yellow Water Road Dump Florida U.S. EPA, 2007
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-10

Damage Case State Damage Case 

Reference*

Zimble Drum Massachusetts U.S. EPA, 2007

Zollo Drum Company Connecticut U.S. EPA, 2007

Zschiegner Refining Co. New Jersey U.S. EPA, 2007

* Damage Case References:

U.S. EPA, 2014, An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of 

Hazardous Secondary Materials, Draft, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Resource Conservation and Recovery, December 10, 2014. (Current report)

U.S. EPA, 2011, 2011Addendum: An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with 

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Resource Conservation and Recovery, June 30, 2011.

U.S. EPA, 2008, Addendum: An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with 

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Solid Waste, June 14, 2008.

U.S. EPA, 2007, An Assessment of Environmental Problems Associated with Recycling of 

Hazardous Secondary Materials, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste, 

January 11, 2007.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-11

Site Information:

Site Name: 2303 Kennedy Street Site

EPA ID No.: MND985743616

Address: 2303 Kennedy St., Minneapolis, MN

County: Hennepin

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Kennedy Building Site was the 

location of a warehouse, manufacturing, and electrical apparatus repair shop operated by 

Westinghouse Corporation from 1925 to 1980. It is believed that Westinghouse used a piping 

system to distribute polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-containing fluids to various work areas 

throughout the building. Further, at least two underground storage tanks were on the site at one 

time. One tank, located in a vaunt inside the building, is currently used for fuel storage; a second 

tank was located outside the building and was removed in 1987. 

More recently a known repeat scam recycler was taking electronics waste from schools and nonprofits, saying that he would recycle it for free. Instead, the man sold components and parts, and 

abandoned the rest in the building on-site. Investigative work has been coordinated by the 

building owner and focused on determining the extent of PCB contamination in soil and 

groundwater. The landlord sought cleanup costs and lost rent from people who had recycled the 

equipment.

Description of Contamination: Damage at this site was caused by the sham electronics 

recycler, not from Westinghouse Corporation which was not involved in recycling. Soil samples 

from soil borings at the site contain elevated levels of PCBs and volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs) and lead. PCBs were also detected in wipe samples taken from interior surfaces of the 

building. Ground water samples at the site have high levels of chlorobenzenes and PCBs. 

Chlorobenzenes were typically used as carriers or solvents for PCBs. Offsite migration of the 

contaminants is suspected and two commercial wells are located within one-tenth mile 

downgradient of the site. Even though PCBs were detected in the upper two feet of soil at the 

site, the soil pathway cannot be scored under USEPA’s Hazard Ranking System because the soil 

is covered by asphalt.

PCB-laden oils were widely used as coolants and lubricants in electrical transformers and 

capacitors until the manufacture of them was banned in the United States in 1997 because they 

are persistent, accumulate in the environment and are toxic to exposed humans and other 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-12

animals. The former on-site manufacturing and maintenance of electrical equipment by the 

Westinghouse Corporation is thought to be the source of the contamination.

Sources of Information: 

Minnesota Department of Health Consultation Report. September 2001. 25 January 2006.

http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/hazardous/sites/hennepin/kndyst0900.pdf

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. "2001 Superfund List: Permanent List of Priorities." June 

2001. 17 January 2006. http://www.pca.state.mn.us/programs/pubs/plp-2001.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Mike Risse 612-348-57
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-13

Site Information

Site Name: 43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company

EPA ID No.: FLR000033514

Address: 1608 North 43rd St, Tampa, FL 33605-5938

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0407014

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This drum recycling site operated from 

mid-1996 to June 1999. The Bay Drum and Steel Company specialized in the washing and 

reconditioning of drums and containers. Although the company was limited by permit to the 

types of containers that could be processed at the facility, the company in reality took any kind of 

container without questions. This included drums that had contained pesticides and solvents. The 

company also was only allowed to accept empty drums for washing. They washed used metal 

and plastic drums that had contained a variety of products including pesticides, solvents, acids, 

and caustics. The process included spraying a methylene chloride solution on the labels to aid in 

their removal, soaking the drums in a caustic solution, pressure washing the drums, drying the 

drums, and painting them if necessary. It is known that the company accepted and washed drums 

that contained various amounts of chemicals. 

Bay Drum and Steel Company was under investigation for almost eight years for suspected 

violations of the Clean Water Act (CWA) and RCRA. The owner of the company, Mr. 

Benkovitz, pleaded guilty to violations of CWA and RCRA in 1997 and 1999. He ordered his 

employees to illegally discharge wastewater into a storm sewer that empties into Tampa's 

McKay Bay. Benkovitz also admitted that he directed employees of Bay Drum, to dump polluted 

wastewater on property adjacent to Bay Drum's 43rd Street facility from April until June 1998. 

During these periods, the company generated thousands of gallons of wastewater each week 

containing several pollutants, including spent pesticides and methyl chloride, a highly toxic 

solvent. While awaiting sentencing he was under a RCRA Order but failed to comply (and 

committed additional violations). He was sentenced and the site became a CERCLA Emergency 

Removal Action (Oct. 1999). 

Description of Contamination: About 20,000 empty drums and 60,000 gallons of liquid 

hazardous wastes have been removed from the site. The cleanup costs were $3,285,094.17. The 

site was transferred to the Florida Brownfields Program. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-14

The site is contaminated with multiple hazardous substances including lead, chromium, and 

methylene chloride.

Sources of Information: 

Black, Trevor. (Associate Regional Counsel, Office of Environmental Accountability, EPA

Region 4). Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 31 October

2005. 

EPA Region 4. “Administrative Record Index for the Forty-Third Street Bay Drum Removal 

Site.” 25 October 2000. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/waste/errb/43bayst.pdf

EPA Region 4. “Enforcement & Compliance Assurance Accomplishments Report.” Fiscal Year 

1999. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/ead/attachments/1999_accomplishments_report.pdf

US Department of Justice. “Bay Drum and Steel Owner Pleads Guilty to Polluting Florida Bay 

Company Discharged Toxics Into Tampa’s Sewer System for Years.” 22 March 1999. 19 

January 2006. http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/1999/March/107enr.htm. 

USEPA. “43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company.” CERCLIS 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0407014

USEPA. “43rd St. Bay Drum and Steel Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 19 

January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005643090

Additional Contacts:

Carmen (Julie) Santiago (RPM) (404) 562-894
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-15

Site Information

Site Name: Aerospace Recycling (Gerald B. Stringham, Jr.)

EPA ID No.: FLD984258707

Address: 9689 and 9745 James Creek Road, Christmas, FL

County: Orange

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Aerospace Recycling was a scrap metal 

recycling site abandoned in 1995 with several tanks and drums of circuit boards, capacitors, 

transformers, electronic equipment, metal shavings, sludge, oily liquids, propane tanks, crucibles 

for lead smelting, junk vehicles, and other solid waste left lying outside. 

Description of Contamination: Soil is contaminated with arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and 

lead.

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Aerospace Recycling.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110007466081

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-16

Site Name: Agmet Metals, Incorporated. 

EPA ID No.: OHD986976348

Address: 7800 Medusa Road, Oakwood Village, OH

County: Cuyhoga

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: OHD986976348

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Incorporated in September 1981, Agmet 

Metals Inc. (Agmet) operates a metal hydroxide recycling and metal oxide concentrate 

production facility in Oakwood Village, Ohio. Agmet accepts un-reclaimed electroplating 

sludges (F006), and performs partial reclamation through its kiln processing of the F006 waste. 

The waste F006 is then sent to a smelter elsewhere for the final reclamation process. Under 

RCRA, the partially-reclaimed F006 waste produced by Agmet is still a listed F006 waste until it 

smelted into a usable product. According to a State of West Virginia contact, Agmet does not 

manifest the partially-reclaimed waste when shipping it to the smelter (Gable, 2012). 

In addition to un-reclamed electroplating sludges, Agmet receives wastes from circuit board 

printers, copper metal finishers, and the fats and oils industries. The facility receives spent 

catalysts, grindings, solutions, and dusts, all of which are recycled by concentrating the levels of 

nickel, cobalt, copper, tin, and/or zinc from the wastes. The main process used by Agmet is 

calcination, which converts the metal hydroxide into metal oxides suitable for resale to smelters. 

Further processing, packaging, and shipping of the concentrates occurs at Agmet’s facility in 

Maple Heights, Ohio. 

In 2001, the Ohio EPA granted the facility a variance on the classification of the filtercakes used 

in its recycling process, changing their designation as a hazardous waste to ease the permit and 

management requirements. In 2005, the Ohio EPA conducted a compliance inspection, and cited 

the facility for a number of violations for improper labeling and management of hazardous 

wastes on the site. In 2007, a second inspection found the facility again guilty on a number of 

counts of improper management of hazardous wastes. Most violations were in response to 

improper management of the metal hydroxide bearing filtercake, as well as lack of spill response 

plans and documentation for a number of spills that had occurred. As a result of the violations, 

the Ohio EPA assigned a penalty of $23,000. Following the inspection in 2007, Agmet removed 

all visible contamination resulting from releases at the facility and made attempts to improve its 

operation and reduce the risk of future releases. 

Description of Contamination: The primary contamination at the Agmet facility is related to 

the improper management of wastes received for recycling as well as the recycled products, 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-17

mainly metal concentrates. Inspections of the facility found evidence of waste mismanagement 

and evidence of spills and unauthorized releases of metal hydroxide and metal concentrate at the 

facility. The result of the violations, including spills, discovered by the Ohio EPA is that Agmet 

was issued a penalty of $23,000. Following the inspection the Ohio EPA noted that Agmet had 

removed all visible contamination resulting from releases and corrected most of the unlawful 

management practices. Agmet also indicated that as of 2010 they had spent approximately 

$475,000 making various improvements to the facility designed to reduce the risk of unintended 

releases. 

Sources of Information:

1. Gable, Dale. State of West Virginia. Personal communication (email) with Amanda 

Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, February 8, 2012.

2. Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Agmet LLC. Directors Final Findings and 

Orders. 2010. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/portals/32/pdf/Signed%20Orders.web.Agmet.3.24.10.pdf

3. Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Agmet Metals Inc. Variance from 

Classification as a Waste. 2005. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.ohio.gov/portals/32/pdf/Signed%20Orders.web.Agmet.3.24.10.pdf

4. Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Public Notice. Ohio EPA Issues Notice of 

Tentative Decision to Issue a Variance from Classification as a Waste. 

5. Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. News Release: Ohio EPA Settles with 

Cuyahoga County Company for Hazardous Waste Violations. April 2010. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/portals/47/nr/2011/august/HukillChemical.pdf

6. USEPA. Facility Registry Systems. Facility Detail Report. Agmet Metals Inc. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=OHD

986976348&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=RCRAINFO
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-18

Site Name: Agrifos Fertilizer 

EPA ID No.: TXD099387474 and TXN000606820

Address: 2001 Jackson Road, Pasadena, TX

County: Harris 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: TXN000606820

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Agrifos Fertilizer (Agrifos) facility 

located in Pasadena, Texas on the south bank of the Houston ship Channel was built during 

World War II as a munitions facility. Olin Chemical sold the site to Mobil Mining in the 1970s 

and Agrifos purchased the site in 1998. Mobil Oil merged with Exxon and became known as 

ExxonMobil. Under the Asset Purchase Agreement ExxonMobil retained responsibility for 

closing all the existing gypsum stacks and dispose of the wastewater at the Agrifos Site once 

Agrifos ceased use of the stacks. The facility consists of a chemical plant, wastewater treatment 

plant, and a gypsum disposal field. Agrifos filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2001, 

subsequently reorganized, and emerged from bankruptcy in June 2003. Agrifos purchased 

another 323 acres from the Port of Houston in 2007.

Agrifos manufactures sulfuric acid and various grades of phosphate fertilizers, which involved 

the production of phosphoric acid by reacting sulfuric acid with Phosphate/mineral ores. Since 

1972, Agrifos and its predecessor, ExxonMobil obtained majority of its sulfuric acid used in the 

fertilizer production from Air Products LLC, a neighboring/adjacent facility. Agrifos and its 

predecessor ExxonMobil manufactured sulfuric acid, which was sold to Air Products. Air 

Products used the acid in its manufacturing operation and then returned a stream of spent acid 

laden with 2,4 dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) to Agrifos. Agrifos used this recycled spent acid to 

digest phosphate ore and throughout its fertilizer manufacturing process. Neither Air Products 

nor Agrifos managed the spent acid properly as a RCRA hazardous waste. Agrifos did not have a 

permit or interim status to own or operate a hazardous waste treatment, storage or disposal 

facility (TSD). Agrifos/Exxonmobil alleged that its operation was subject to the mineral 

processing Bevill exemption. For ExxonMobil contribution to management and illegal disposal 

of hazardous waste at the Agrifos Fertilizer, Inc. site during its tenure of ownership from the 

1970’s to 1998 lead to an Administrative Penalty Order for $100,000 penalty. 

In 2004 and 2006, EPA conducted case development inspection at the Agrifos facility as part of 

the Mining and Mineral Processing Initiative. EPA had concern about the “recyclable material” 

being used in the phosphoric acid production, the commingling of the wastewater from the 

Phosphogypsum stacks, and nonhazardous permitted Underground Injection Control wells. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-19

The main waste product from the Agrifos mineral processing operations was phosphogypsum, 

which was stored on site in large piles, or gypsum stacks, along with process wastewater that was 

placed in impoundments located on top of the gypsum stacks. The wastewater that leached 

through the gypsum stacks was also collected in moats surrounding the stacks. As a result of 

using the spent acid stream from Air Products, the sulfuric acid used in mineral processing and 

the resulting waste stream contained contaminants such as heavy metals, radium, and 2,4 

dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT).

Description of Contamination: In late August and early September 2007, an unpermitted and 

unintended waste release to surface water occurred from the Agrifos facility. The incident 

occurred when heavy rain caused a retaining wall to fail, releasing waste process water from a 

large gypsum mound into the Cotton Patch Bayou and then into the Houston Ship Channel. The 

discharge was reported to contain sulfuric and phosphoric acid, assorted metals, and to exhibit a 

pH of 2.0 and below. More than 16 million gallons of wastewater were released during the 

incident, and noticeable fish kill occurred in the area of the release. The release was reported to 

U.S. EPA’s Emergency Response Team on September 6th. 

Six million gallons of this discharge were pumped by Agrifos in an effort to reduce the pressure 

on an impoundment retaining wall and allow additional capacity for future rain events. The 

Agrifos facility resumed normal operation and came into compliance with its Texas Commission 

of Environmental Quality (TCEQ) discharge permits, and requested an emergency permit for the 

accidental release. Reports estimate that about 30 million gallons of process water remained

behind the retaining wall, as well as another 175 million gallons in impoundments located on the 

gypsum mound. 

Cleanup of the discharge was mostly undertaken by Agrifos (and predecessor ExxonMobil) as 

the responsible party, however TCEQ, U.S. EPA, and local agencies all assisted in the 

monitoring and treatment of affected areas. By the end of September 2007, emergency 

operations at the site had generally ceased and the responsible party continued cleanup measures 

though they indicated there was concern about further potential releases from the impoundments. 

The primary contamination at the site occurred in 2007 when an impoundment retaining wall 

failed, releasing waste process water from the large gypsum mound. Over 16 million gallons of 

wastewater were released into the Cotton Patch Bayou and then further into the Houston Ship 

Channel. The U.S. Coast Guard confirmed that the released caused a considerable fish kill and a 

noticeable “dead zone” was observed in the area of the release. Sampling of the discharged 

wastewater indicated a highly acidic pH of less than 2.0, as well as the presence of assorted 

metals, and 2,4-DNT. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-20

For Agrifos the release resulted in an order of consent from the state in conjunction with an 

administrative order for Agrifos and ExxonMobil mismanagement of hazardous waste and 

violation of Clean Air Act- MACT standard for a penalty of nearly $2 million dollars. In July of 

2009, TCEQ noted in its monitoring a low pH at the outfall from the gypsum pile and requested 

U.S. EPA assistance in investigating Agrifos’ attempts to stop acidic discharges. 

Agrifos ceased its phosphate rock processing in April 2011 and turned the phosphogypsum 

stacks over to ExxonMobil for final closure. On September 27, 2010, ExxonMobil entered into a 

consent agreement final order (CAFO) with EPA Region 6 in which it agreed to pay a 

$100,000.00 penalty and continue the final stack closure operations at this facility. Corrective 

actions at the phosphogypsum stacks are still underway.

Agrifos entered into a CAFO with EPA Region 6 on December 7, 2011. Agrifos agreed to pay a 

$1.8 million penalty and fund a $600,000.00 Supplemental Environmental Project (SEP).

Sources of Information:

1. Agrifos Fertilizer. History. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.agrifos.com/history.htm

2. Barnes, Chuck. US Environmental Protection Agency – Region 6. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

December 12, 2011.

3. Benjamin, Agatha. US Environmental Protection Agency – Region 6. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

August, 2011.

4. US District Court for the Southern District of Texas. Consent Decree – Air Products 

LLC. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/decrees/civil/rcra/airproducts-cd.pdf

5. The United States Department of Justice. Texas Chemical Plant to Pay Nearly $1.5 

Million to Resolve Violations in the Transferring of Acid Waste. August 26 2010. 

6. USEPA. Facility Registry Systems. Facility Detail Report. Agrifos Fertilizer Pasadena. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=48201

00029&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=AIRS/AFS
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-21

7. USEPA. On Scene Coordinator. Agrifos Acid Spill, Polrep #7 – Completion of 

Emergency Response Activities and Final POLREP. September 24 2007. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epaosc.org/site/polrep_profile.aspx?site_id=3445&counter=6663

8. USEPA. On Scene Coordinator. Agrifos Acid Spill 2 – Profile. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=5409

9. USEPA. RCRA 7003 Administrative Order on Consent. Agrifos Fertilizer Inc and 

ExxonMobil Corporation. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region6/6en/h/public-notice/08-0328aocagrifos.pdf

10. USEPA. Superfund (Cerclis). Query Results. Agrifos Phosphoric Acid Release. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclisquery.get_report?pgm_sys_id=TXN000606820
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-22

Site Name: Air Products, LLC. 

EPA ID No.: TXD990757486

Address: 1425 Hwy 225 Pasadena, TX

County: Harris 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: TXN000606820

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Air Products LP Pasadena Plant 

(Air Products) facility consists of an approximate 105-acre tract located in an industrial, 

commercial and residential area on the north side of State Highway 225 within the city limits of 

Pasadena, Harris County, Texas. Air Products began site operations in 1970s and produces 

chemical intermediates used in the manufacturing of polyurethane and hydrogen gas. 

Intermediate products include dinitrotoluene (DNT), toluenediamine (TDA) and nitric acid. Air 

Products is notified as a large quantity generator. The Air Products is divided into four major 

process units: (1) DNT Plant, (2) Sulfuric Acid Concentration Plant, (3) TDA Plant, and (4) 

Wastewater Treatment Plant. 

Air Products began recycling/disposing its spent sulfuric hazardous waste at its neighboring 

Agifro facility in the 1970s, when ExxonMobil (Mobil Mining) purchased the Agrifos site from 

Olin Chemical. A contractual relationship existed between ExxonMobil and Air Products 

regarding the recycling of the sulfuric spent acid generated from the Air Products DNT 

production plant. When Agrifos purchased the site in 1998, Agrifos maintained the contractual 

relationship with Air Products. Agrifos manufactured and sold sulfuric acid to Air Products, Air 

Products used the acid in its manufacturing operation. When Air Products could no longer utilize 

the sulfuric acid in the DNT production, Air Products stored a portion of the acid in tanks on its 

site and re-concentrated it in its acid purification plant, now known as the Sulfuric Acid

Concentration Plant (SAC). The remainder of the spent acid was piped to Agrifos, an adjacent 

fertilizer facility to be used in its manufacture of fertilizer and phosphoric acid production plant. 

This sulfuric acid contained concentrations of 2, 4-Dinitrotoluene (2, 4-DNT; hazardous waste 

code D030) that exceeded the regulatory limit of 0.13 mg/l. The spent acid also exhibited the 

hazardous characteristic of corrosivity, with pH below 2.0.

In April 2006, EPA conducted a case development inspection at the site and substantiated the 

sham recycling and illegal disposal of the hazardous waste (spent sulfuric acid) generated from 

Air Products DNT Plant. The inspection was performed as part of the Mineral Processing 

National Initiative, because of Air Products business association with Agrifos Fertilizers and its 

predecessor, ExxonMobil. EPA had concern that the spent acid “product” did not meet the 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-23

criteria for recyclable material pursuant to the Used in a Manner Constituting Disposal 

regulation.

Description of Contamination: For over 30 years Air Products has disposed over 3 billion 

pounds of spent acid/hazardous waste a year as a “product” at the Agrifos site. Agrifos and its 

predecessor used the spent sulfuric acid as an “ingredient” in its fertilizers that was ultimately 

applied to the land and throughout its operation and the wastewater from those operations and 

the phosphoric acid process was disposed of in the phosphogypsum stacks (waste piles with 

unlined surface impoundment on top). Air Products caused Agifros to dispose of billions pounds 

of corrosive and toxic hazardous a year, through releases and evaporation into the environment. 

Because of the mineral processing bevill exclusion, Agrifos was classified as a bevill exempt, 

conditional exempt small quantity generator and did not have a permit or interim status to treat, 

store or dispose of hazardous waste. 

Air Products illegal disposal and mismanagement of hazardous waste result in a penalty of 

$1,485,000 plus $15,000 attorney fees, to manage the spent acid on site and not ship it to Agrifos 

Fertilizer or any other facility not authorized to accept it. Also, Air Products has agreed to notify 

EPA and TCEQ in the event that the spent acid is either disposed of or sent off site for recycling. 

Air Products came into compliance by recycling and reusing its hazardous waste via expanding 

its operations to include a $60 Million Regeneration Plant (SAC), which ceased the disposal of 

over 3billion gallons of hazardous waste a year at Agrifos.

Sources of Information:

1. Agrifos Fertilizer. History. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.agrifos.com/history.htm

2. Benjamin, Agatha. US Environmental Protection Agency – Region 6. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

August, 2011.

3. US District Court for the Southern District of Texas. Consent Decree – Air Products 

LLC. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/decrees/civil/rcra/airproducts-cd.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-24

Site Information

Site Name: Alco Pacific

EPA ID No.: CAD008387250

Address: 16914 South Broadway, Carson, CA 90248

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Alco Pacific has operated as a lead 

recycling facility since 1954. The primary sources of lead were automobile batteries. The 

batteries were cracked open, drained of acid and the lead recovered. The rubber debris from seals 

and plate separators were the only part of the battery that was not recyclable. This waste was 

stored in a pile on-site. A second pile was comprised of foundry sands used to make molds. 

When the facility ceased operations in 1990, 1,248 cubic yards of rubber debris (lead content 

43,000 parts per million (ppm)) and 126 cubic yards of sand (lead content 1,300 ppm) were left 

abandoned on-site. These piles were located on pavement; however, there was not any other 

contaminant to prevent wind dispersal of wastes or to prevent rain leachate from running off of 

the property. Ninety-eight drums of assorted wastes were also found on the site. Forty-six of 

these drums were found scattered throughout the site and were buried in the waste piles which 

contained resins, catalysts, slag recyclable lead, rainwater/ rinseate, and debris. Fifty-two of the 

drums contained "mixed waste."

Facilities Management Branch, who was handling the issues of illegal operation as a treatment, 

storage, and disposal (TSD_ facility, referred the Alco Pacific site to the Site Mitigation Branch 

after it was apparent that there were no funds available to conduct a RCRA closure. Removal of 

all known wastes (except the 52 drums of mixed waste) was conducted with state funds to 

eliminate an immediate risk to the public from lead exposure. The waste piles of rubber and sand 

were disposed in November 1993 and the drummed wastes in April 1994. The drums came to be 

at Alco when in August of 1988, a load of slag being disposed by Alco Pacific tripped a radiation 

alarm at the Casmalia facility. A subsequent inspection by Los Angeles County had determined 

the source of radiation to have come into Alco Pacific via a shipment of lead gauge holders 

(radiation shields). Evidently, one gauge (radiation source) was left in the gauge holder. When 

this shipment went through the furnace, it contaminated the air pollution control system (bag 

house), slag, and refractory brick (thermal insulation) within the furnace itself. The bag house 

dust is normally considered to be a "toxic" waste because of the levels of lead and cadmium. By 

adding the additional radioactive constituent of Cesium 137, the waste stream became what is 

known as a "mixed waste". The disposal options for mixed wastes are additionally restricted 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-25

since the disposal facility must comply with engineering specifications for not only radioactive 

wastes, but toxic wastes as well. Alco Pacific received a Radioactive License from the 

Department of Health Services, Radiological Health Branch, to store this material on a long term 

basis. After failing four stabilization tests, the Environ Facility in Utah, accepted the mixed 

waste. The mixed waste was removed, under order to J.C. Shepard in June 1997. The USEPA 

emergency response removed all residual surface contamination, equipment and buildings in 

September 1998. 

Description of Contamination: When operations ceased at this site there were piles located on 

pavement, however, there was not any other contaminant to prevent wind dispersal of wastes or 

to prevent rain leachate from running off of the property. Groundwater contamination is not 

available at this time. 

As of September 2004 expense costs at this site totaled $236,844.33. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Alco Pacific.” Site Cleanup – Site 

Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=19340753

USEPA. “Alco Pacific.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000913370

USEPA. “Alco Pacific, Inc.” Archived Sites. 27 October 2005. 21 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/arcsites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0904453

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

13 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Lori Parnass (PM) (818) 551-2856, lparnass@dtsc.ca.gov

Jere Johnson (SAM) 415-972-3094

Matt Mitguard (SAM) 415-972-3096
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-26

Site Information

Site Name: Allied-Signal Hydrofluoric Acid Plant

EPA ID No.: LAD041519067

Address: 5525 Highway 3115 at State Route 30, Geismar, LA 70734

County: Ascension

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Fluorogypsum generated from the 

production of hydrofluoric acid was slurried with process water as it was removed from the 

furnace. The resulting slurry was transferred through a conduit system to an impoundment on the 

top of a fluorogypsum stack. Seepage and runoff from the fluorogypsum stack was collected in 

clay-lined ditches and flowed into an impoundment referred to as the clearwell. Some water from 

the clearwell was recycled into various plant operations, while excess water was discharged as 

needed into the Mississippi River via a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

permitted outfall after passing through a wastewater treatment plant. 

Within the time period from 1986 to 1987, in an effort to find a profitable use for the large 

quantities of gypsum waste accumulating at Allied Signal's facility, an on-site contractor 

Louisiana Synthetic Aggregates, Inc. (LASYNAG) began marketing the gypsum as a road base 

material. The gypsum was reportedly processed by milling (excavating and screening) the

material from the fluorogypsum stockpile located at the Allied-Signal hydrofluoric acid plant in 

Geismar, Louisiana. Once processed, the fluorogypsum was marketed and shipped as "Florolite." 

In 1989, a damage case was reported that was associated with the use of fluorogypsum without 

neutralization from Allied Signal’s facility as an embankment material.

Description of Contamination: In 1987, LASYNAG had the milled fluorogypsum used as road 

construction material analyzed by several laboratories. One laboratory reported that, with a 

resistivity of 500 ohms-cm and a pH of 5.2, the material was considered very corrosive for most 

iron and steel products. The laboratory also stated that the high sulfate content and the low pH 

would likely make the material corrosive to concrete as well. 

During 1987, after several rounds of requests and data submittals, the Louisiana Department of 

Transportation and the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LADEQ) Office of 

Solid and Hazardous Waste authorized the use of Florolite on various road shoulders, 

embankments, and base courses. At least some of these approved projects were completed, 

including road work at a mobile home park. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-27

In July 1988, the City of New Orleans Department of Streets concluded that the material would 

be acidic and corrosive for iron, steel, and concrete products and deemed inadvisable the use of 

Florolite as a road base material in the City.

On June 7, 1989, LASYNAG began construction of a test embankment for the "U.S. Highway 90 

relocation construction project" through a stretch of wetlands in southern Louisiana near Amelia. 

After three weeks, LADEQ responded to complaints of dying biota and found "extremely acidic 

pH and high conductivity in water adjacent to the roadbed." Construction was ceased 

immediately. 

Ambient surface water samples collected adjacent to the embankment exhibited elevated levels 

of pH, sulfates, salinity, and specific conductivity, as well as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and 

lead. The elevated concentrations in comparison to the more remote ambient surface water 

sampling locations were attributed by LASYNAG to leaching and/or runoff from the “Florolite” 

embankment. Under a LADEQ Compliance Order, LASYNAG undertook remedial measures to 

remove the environmental hazard posted by Florolite at the Amelia test site.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “Human Health and Environmental Damage from Mining and Mineral Processing 

Wastes.” December 1995. 29 January 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/other/mining/minedock/damage/index.htm

USEPA. “Report to Congress on Special Wastes from Mineral Processing, Chapter 9: 

Hydrofluoric Acid Production.” July 1990. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/other/mineral/chapter9.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-28

Site Information 

Site Name: Alternate Energy Resources, Inc.

EPA ID No.: GAD033582461

Address: 2936 Walden Drive, Augusta, GA 30904

County: Richmond

NPL Site: Proposed: 9/14/2005

In CERCLIS Database: 0401411

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Alternate Energy Resources (AER) 

property is a 2.64-acre abandoned property. From 1975 to 2000, AER operated as a commercial 

hazardous waste storage and treatment facility until it declared bankruptcy and shut down. It 

formerly recycled oil and solvents. AER began operations in early 1975, when AER purchased 

the Nimmons Oil Company property. AER's waste treatment processes included: blending highBTU hazardous waste to be used as fuel in off-site industrial boilers and furnaces; recycling 

hazardous waste solvents by distillation; and treating used oils, hazardous and non-hazardous 

wastewater, and non-hazardous coolants. AER filed for bankruptcy on December 13, 2000. The 

site was in RCRA’s corrective action program, but was recently (within the past year) transferred 

to CERCLA. The State conducted a preliminary assessment/site investigation (PA/SI). USEPA is 

hoping that a potentially responsible party (PRP) group will form to conduct the remedial 

investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS). Units on the site received RCRA Part B permits in 

September 1987, December 1989, and September 1997. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination is the result of sloppy operation and spills that 

occurred over a number of years. Improper management of residuals specifically led to 

environmental damage. The sources of site contamination include: soil contamination that is 

present at significantly elevated concentrations; a 3,000-gallon toluene and heptane spill; a 500-

gallon release from a rainwater collection basin; a 13,191-gallon waste oil, inks, and oil 

processing residues spill; and a 70,000-gallon former unlined surface impoundment. 

Contaminants of concern associated with activities at the AER facility include trichloroethene 

(TCE) and tetrachloroethene (PCE). TCE and PCE were detected in ground water samples and 

soil samples at concentrations significantly above background concentrations. The soil 

contamination is on-site and groundwater contamination is off-site. 

Cleanup costs are currently being developed by EPA Region 4.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-29

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 31 October 

2005.

Michuda, Colleen E. (EPA Region 4) Interview, 21 November 2005.

USEPA. “Alternative Energy Resources.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0401411. 

USEPA. “Alternate Energy Resources Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000611687

USEPA. “Alternate Energy Resources Inc.” RCRAInfo. 20 January 2006.

USEPA. “Site Description Prior to Cleanup: Alternate Energy Resources.” 14 September 2005. 

20 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0401411.pdf.

Additional Contacts:

Carolyn Callihan (EPA Region 4), Superfund Remedial Project Manager, (404) 562-8913

Brian Farrier (EPA Region 4), Superfund Remedial Project Manager (404) 562-8952

Colleen E. Michuda (EPA Region 4) Associate Regional Counsel (404)562-9685, 

michuda.colleen@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-30

Site Information

Site Name: Amacor Residential/Amacor Magnesium Fire

EPA ID No.: INN000509963/INN000509962

Address: 1820 E 32nd Street, Anderson, IN 46013

County: Madison

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0509962/0509963

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: AMACOR (Advanced Magnesium 

Alloy Corporation) is a magnesium recycling facility occupying approximately five acres, 

enclosed within a six foot chain link fence topped with barbed wire. The site contains three 

buildings (A, B, and C) where separate steps of the recycling process occur. 

Description of Contamination: A fire of approximately 300,000 pounds of magnesium 

occurred at the facility on January 14, 2005 and continued to burn for approximately 48 hours. 

The fire and smoke acted as a propellant for encapsulated asbestos insulation located atop a 

rubber membrane roofing material used in the facility buildings, built around 1969. As a 

precaution, a one-mile radius around the AMACOR facility was evacuated, involving 5,000 to 

8,000 residents. Asbestos removal activities on affected residential areas in Anderson, Indiana 

have been taking place since the fire; asbestos has been detected in some debris that fell in the 

neighborhood south and southwest of the facility.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 5. “Cleanup Work after Amacor Fire.” March 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region5/sites/amacor/amacor-200503.pdf

EPA Region 5 – Cleanup Sites. “Amacor Magnesium Fire.” 11 January 2006. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region5/sites/amacor/index.htm

USEPA. “Amacor Magnesium Fire.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 25 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0509962

USEPA. “Amacor Magnesium Fire.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110022533070

USEPA. “Amacor Residential.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 25 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0509963
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-31

USEPA. “Amacor Residential.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110022533089

USEPA. “Amacor Residential.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/AMACORRESIDENTIAL

Additional Contacts:

Joe Muñoz (CIC) 312-886-7935 or 800-621-8431, ext. 67935 munoz.joe@epa.gov

Ken Rhame (OSC) 312-353-6720 rhame.kenneth@epa.gov

Tim Johnson (State Project Manager - IDEM) 317-232-3220 tjohnson@idem.in.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-32

Site Information

Site Name: American Brass

EPA ID No.: ALD981868466

Address: State Highway 134 West, Headland, AL 36345

County: Henry

NPL Site: Final: 5/10/99

In CERCLIS Database: 0406299

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The American Brass Inc., (ABI) site is a 

former secondary brass smelter/foundry facility. The ABI site area is approximately 148 acres, 

24 acres of which are occupied by the former foundry buildings (the developed portion of the 

site) in a predominantly rural agricultural area. Industrial operations were conducted at the ABI 

site from the 1960's until December 1992. The process at American Brass, Inc. was as follows: 

brass- and copper- bearing scrap material were charged into the rotary furnaces and melted. 

Alloying and fluxing agents were added to obtain a spec alloy. The metal was cast into ingot 

form and the remaining slag was taken for further processing. The ingots were allowed to cool. 

The slag was processed through the crusher and then into the ball mill. Brass particles were 

recovered from the crushed slag and reprocessed in the furnace. The slag was then sent to storage 

bins. Fume from the furnaces and particulate emissions from the crusher and ballmill were 

controlled by two baghouses. The baghouse dust was collected and sold as a finished product. 

Approximately 150,000 tons of heavy metal-contaminated furnace waste, ball mill residues, and 

furnace slag were stockpiled in the facility at various areas on the ground and in a large 

uncontrolled stockpile approximately one-third mile southeast of the facility. Residuals from the 

brass smelting process, which contained high levels of lead, were ground and recycled as peanut 

fertilizer. From approximately the mid-1980's until the facility closed, ABI found itself the 

subject of several RCRA enforcement actions, both state and federal. RCRA violations included 

the on-site disposal of hazardous waste. 

Description of Contamination: On February 22, 1996, the ADEM conducted a site 

Investigation at American Brass, Inc. and collected aqueous samples and sediment samples from 

Dunham Creek, Cedar Creek, and the breach in the berm around the ball mill stockpile, which 

drains into a tributary to Cedar Creek. Aqueous samples collected in Dunham Creek showed a 

release of barium; the sediment samples indicated a release of barium, chromium, copper, nickel, 

lead, and zinc. Aqueous samples collected from Cedar Creek indicated a release of barium; the 

sediment samples indicated a release of barium, chromium, and zinc. Aqueous samples collected 

below the breach in the berm showed a release of barium, copper, lead, and zinc; the sediment 

samples showed a release of barium, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc. The Remedial 
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Investigation revealed impacts to onsite soils and sediments primarily from heavy metals, boron 

and PCBs. 

At the request of the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), USEPA 

conducted an emergency removal at the ABI site in 1996-1997. During this removal, excavated 

lead-contaminated soils and heavy metal-laden furnace bricks, as well as heavy metal-laden 

process waste materials (ball mill residue) found inside the buildings, were consolidated into a 

liner-covered waste pile at the southeast corner of the site. A second USEPA removal action to 

remove the waste pile and dispose of the materials off-site was completed in March 1999. More 

sampling was scheduled for February 2002 to determine the extent of contamination offsite in 

these creeks. The groundwater at the site has been impacted with boron, nitrate and ammonia. 

The residential drinking water wells adjacent to the eastern boundary of the site have not been 

impacted by the site and will continue to be monitored.

Total cleanup expenditure at this site as of September 2004 was $7,325,902.41.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste).

31 October 2005. 

USEPA. “American Brass.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406299

USEPA. “American Brass.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001146778

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 15 January 

2006. 

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: American Brass.” 12 December 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplal/albrasal.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for American Brass.” 7 October 2004. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1538.htm

Additional Contacts:

Brian Farrier (Project Manager) farrier.brian@epa.gov

Anna Lesichar (Senior Enforcement Specialist USEPA Region 4) (404) 562-8608
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: American Iron Oxide Company (AMROX)

EPA ID No: PAR000008367

Address: 2 Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Drive, Allenport, PA 15412

County: Washington

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The AMROX facility in Allenport, 

Pennsylvania, began recycling spent pickle liquor from steel manufacturing in 1995 and the 

facility currently continues this operation. Pickle liquor contains hydrochloric acid and is used in 

steelmaking to remove iron scale buildup from the surface of the steel. AMROX recycles spent 

pickle liquor into hydrochloric acid and iron oxide.

AMROX uses a pyrohydrolysis to generate an 18% by weight hydrochloric acid solution. 

AMROX also uses an IROX process to remove silica and metals from the spent pickle liquor in 

order to produce a higher purity iron oxide. 

From 1995 until 1999, AMROX accepted spent pickle liquor under two regulatory mechanisms: 

Spent pickle liquor from designated generators that met certain chemical parameters was deemed 

a 'co-product' and was exempt from Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection’s 

(PADEP) requirements pertaining to solid and hazardous waste. Spent pickle liquor that was not 

deemed a co-product, either because it did not meet the designated chemical parameters or was 

not produced by a designated generator, was accepted by AMROX as a hazardous waste 

pursuant to a 'hazardous waste storage permit-by-rule.' 

PADEP adopted most of the EPA RCRA regulations in 1999, eliminating the regulations under 

which AMROX had been operating. At that point, PADEP allowed AMROX to continue 

recycling spent pickle liquor under a variance authorized under 40 CFR 260.31(b). 

Although the PADEP believes that the facility would qualify as a recycler of hazardous 

secondary materials, AMROX has not submitted a notification for this designation. However, the 

variance only allows AMROX to accept spent pickle liquor from specific generators, rather than 

any "hazardous secondary materials." The variance requires that to qualify as legitimate recycler 

AMROX must demonstrate that it sells the produced iron oxide and returns the regenerated acid 

back to the steel plants. 

Description of Contamination: In September 1997, AMROX allowed hazardous waste sludge 

from their IROX process to spill onto the ground. Instead of properly containing and collecting 
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this release, a contractor employed by AMROX washed the waste into an adjacent railroad bed. 

AMROX reports that the contractor subsequently returned at their request with a vacuum truck to 

clean the runoff and remove and replace the affected gravel and soil. PADEP fined AMROX 

$55,000 for this violation. In 2004, AMROX's two storage tanks failed and spilled the spent 

pickle liquor into the surrounding asphalt-paved area and into the storm drain, which AMROX 

reports as being maintained in the closed position, allowing the spilled material to be recaptured. 

AMROX has reported that the company has since implemented an enhanced repair program, 

including removal of previous repair patches, repair of any identified defects, restoration of the 

tank components and the installation of an external “belly band” for additional support.

The storage tanks are located within 200 feet of a playground, separated by a splash containment 

barrier, paved parking lot, spill prevention curbing, fencing and railroad tracks. (see Figure 1). 

DEP was also concerned about air pollution from metals in the spent pickle liquor which is why 

the variance contains limits on metal concentration in the spent pickle liquor. PADEP entered 

into a consent order and agreement with AMROX in August 2005 under which AMROX agreed 

to resolve various tank and waste issues, including establishing an inspection/repair schedule the 

remaining acid tanks. In 2006, PADEP fined AMROX $150,000 for outstanding air, waste, and 

water violations involving the release of acid and iron oxide into the environment, including 

$100, 000 paid in a negotiated settlement to resolve several citations in 2004 and 2005 including 

timely submission of progress reports, submission of pre-test protocols and delays associated 

with demonstration of completion, with the remaining fine due to failure to comply with a DEP 

Administrative Order and lack of an appropriate storm water discharge permit.

On Aug. 11, 2009, when PADEP arrived for a routine site visit, the AMROX plan manager was 

preparing to deal with a 32,000-gallon discharge of pickle liquor. The discharge mixed with 

process water and stormwater to flood the containment unit beneath the tanks. The release was 

confined to the containment unit and the collection sump. Tests taken on the concrete pedestal 

within the containment unit that holds the tanks indicated pH levels ranging from zero to one. 

The AMROX plant manager identified the liquid as water from hosing down the containment 

area.

PADEP reviewed the company’s inspection records and learned of multiple and persistent leaks 

from five of the ten tanks in operation from May 23 to August 6, 2009. All leaks were required 

to be noted and fixed. These issues were in addition to defects that have required repair over the 

previous four years, including interior and exterior cracks and patch failures. 

A March 10, 2010 Report by a consultant retained by PADEP with AMROX’s cooperation states 

as follows: “Based on the review of the information provided by the PADEP Southwest Regional 
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Office and the site inspections made at the AMROX Allenport facility there was a distinct 

change in the manner in which the tank maintenance, inspection and repair has been handled 

during 2004.” “Beginning in 2004 the facility chose to remove the previous lap patches, remove 

the defect, restore the tank component to original condition and for additional support install an 

external “belly band” at the repair elevation on the outside of the tank. This approach was from 

an engineering standpoint much better as the defect was removed and the tank wall reinforced 

which essentially strengthened the tank wall in an area that had been overstressed.”

“Based on the inspection findings it is apparent that the storage tanks are not deteriorating as a 

result of exposure to the stored product but are cracking due to mechanical loading.” “All 

documented repairs were made to areas that have cracked due to mechanical loadings. As there 

had been no degradation of the tank material the tanks have the potential to remain “in service” 

for many years under the present operating conditions without replacement provided no 

deterioration of the tank material occurs.”

On or about April 18, 2011, an aboveground storage tank at the facility split open, releasing 

approximately 27,300 gallons of regenerated hydrochloric acid solution, with a pH of less than 

1.0. At the time of the release, the emergency containment area at the facility contained 

accumulated water and was not able to contain the released volume of hydrochloric acid, and 

hydrochloric acid overflowed from the emergency containment area. 

AMROX, in a letter to DEP dated May 2, 2011, stated that “the incident resulted in a release of 

product hydrochloric acid and nearly all of this material was captured by the primary 

containment system. A small amount of hydrochloric acid product made its way to a paved area 

where it was contained.” In a follow up letter dated May 2, 2011, AMROX reported “During 

the release some splashing occurred allowing minimal amounts of HCl to land on the asphalted 

areas of the facility adjacent to the containment area. Some minimal amounts of HCl moved 

across the asphalted areas and impacted soil in an area bordering the parking lot. The total 

amount of HCl escaping the primary containment area is estimated at less than 100 gallons with 

less than 20 gallons of HCl impacting soil along the train tracks that run through the middle of 

AMROX’s property.” “AMROX employees reacted quickly to prevent additional HCl from 

leaving the asphalted areas and to manage the liquid volumes in the containment area to mitigate 

environmental impacts and to ensure the safety of the employees. The north and west areas of the 

parking lot were washed and vacuumed scrubbed prior to 10:00 AM. Any soil that was impacted 

was removed and lime used as precaution.”
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Figure 1. Ruptured Tank at the AMROX Facility and Nearby Community Playground

PADEP issued an Administrative Order on April 27, 2011, requiring AMROX to evaluate 

several acid tanks at the facility. Among other things, the April 27, 2011 Administrative Order 

required AMROX to reduce the volume by half within eight remaining tanks, and demonstrate 

that it would be safe to allow the tanks to continue in operation. AMROX did reduce the contents 

of the tanks to 50% of their capacity. On May 11, 2011, PADEP and a retained expert inspected 

the failed tank and could not identify an obvious cause for the failure. On May 5 and May 11, 

2011, the PADEP observed acid continuing to leak from various tanks, as well as deteriorated 

concrete supports beneath one or more of these tanks. On May 12, 2011 PADEP ordered 

AMROX to empty several older acid tanks, “until and unless the Department determines, in 

writing, that AMROX has demonstrated that the remaining Older Tanks have sufficient integrity 

and fitness for continued operation.” AMROX subsequently provided an engineering analysis 

that with the installation of previously installed reinforcing bands around each tank that the tanks 

would remain structurally sound at 50% capacity. PADEP issued a third order on May 18, 2011, 

suspending the requirement to empty the tanks but retaining a schedule of tank inspections and a 

failure analysis of the damaged tank.
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On July 7, 2011 AMROX delivered to PADEP the July 7, 2011 preliminary Failure Analysis 

Report prepared by a consultant which states, “The failure was caused by an improper repair 

using the incorrect resin and not applying the repair thick enough to replace the original strength 

in the vessel. This is a local anomaly and not likely to be systemic for this Tank #3 or the other 

tanks fabricated by Belding in the tank farm. I do not expect the results of the burn out or 

scanning electron microscopy tests to substantially change my conclusions as to the cause of the 

failure.”

Sources of Information:

1. AMROX Commonwealth Court Decision. Excerpt provided by EPA.

2. AMROX EHB decision. Excerpt provided by EPA.

3. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. “American 

Iron Oxide to Pay $150,000 to Settle Outstanding Violations.” 24 October 2006. 

http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/newsroom/14287?id=1040&typ

eid=1

4. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. “DEP Orders 

AMROX to Allow Independent Above Ground Tanks Inspections.” 31 August 2009. 

http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/newsroom/14287?id=2348&typ

eid=1

5. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. Order in the 

matter of American Iron Oxide Company, Allenport Borough, Washington County, 

Storage Tank and Spill Prevention Act, Enf. Id No. 270438. 12 May 2011.

6. Leadbetter, Honorable Bonnie Brigance. Opinion in the Commonwealth Court of 

Pennsylvania, Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation and American Iron Oxide 

Company, Petitioners v. Department of Environmental Protection. 6 August 2009. 

http://www.aopc.org/OpPosting/Cwealth/out/1297CD08_8-6-09.pdf

7. Spadaro, Carl. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. 

Personal communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency, March 12, 2010.

8. American Iron Oxide Company and International Steel Services Comment to 2011 EPA 

Proposed Rule—Definition of Solid Waste, October 19, 2011, comment # EPA-HQRCRA-2010-0742-0121.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: American Metals Recovery Corporation 

EPA ID No.: NJR000022442

Address: 1 Jasper Street, Paterson, NJ

County: Passaic

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In 1998, KBF Pollution Management 

relocated to Paterson, New Jersey from its former location in North Lindenhurst, New York. At 

that time the company also began operating under the name American Metals Recovery Corp 

(AMRC). In later years, the company would change names again, to Veridium Corp.

At the Paterson, New Jersey facility, metals were partially reclaimed from both liquid and solid 

secondary materials. Concentrates of reclaimed metals were shipped offsite for further 

reclamation. The secondary materials accepted at AMRC included characteristic and listed 

hazardous wastes. However, when the facility began operations in 1998, it operated under the 

assumption that it was exempt from RCRA. In 1999, the New Jersey Department of 

Environmental Protection (NJ DEP) sought U.S. EPA assistance in determining the status of the 

facility. Issues of concern about AMRC included potentially unauthorized thermal treatment, 

disagreements about which regulations apply to the recycling operation, and allegations of sham 

recycling with releases of wastes into a nearby sewer. As a result of inspections in 1999 and in 

2000, NJ DEP issued a complaint to AMRC for improper management of materials and 

unauthorized treatment practices. These complaints by the NJ DEP were consistent with an often 

contentious relationship between the predecessor company, KBF Pollution Management, and 

New York State regulators. While operating in New York, state regulators had determined that 

the facility required a RCRA Subtitle C permitting to operate as a hazardous waste treatment, 

storage, and disposal (TSD) facility. Rather than obtaining a TSD permit, KBF moved its 

operations to New Jersey.

Inspections between 1999 and 2005 found AMRC to be in violation of RCRA permitting, as well 

as a number of specific RCRA hazardous waste management requirements. The result was a U.S. 

EPA final order in 2003 with a penalty of $45,000, as well as two state orders that imposed 

$250,000 in penalties. In 2005, the company (then doing business as Veridium Corp.) ceased 

operations at the Paterson, New Jersey facility. The facility site was vacated in early 2006 and is 

now occupied by a townhomes complex, built in 2008.

Description of Contamination: Inspections of the facility between 1999 and sites closure in 

2005 found a number of violations at the site relating to management of wastes. NJ DEP noted 
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that in multiple inspections the company had repeatedly failed to properly manage and store 

wastes including cyanide, acids, bases, and potentially ignitable materials. U.S. EPA issued a 

final order with a $45,000 fine for the improper management of its wastes, while the NJ DEP 

issued two orders that resulted in a $250,000 dollar settlement. The state orders were also 

primarily based on improper management, open hazardous waste containers, and other similar 

violations, though they also revealed that the company had not properly notified the NJ DEP 

when a fire caused a release of air contaminants. As most of the facility was contained within a 

single building, inspections did not indicate a need for remedial action, though the NJ DEP 

would continue to monitor the site followings its closure and before it was redeveloped in 2008. 

The regulating agencies interactions with KBF/AMRC in both New York and New Jersey, along 

with the company’s lack of proper permitting and continual efforts to work around the 

regulations had lead to speculation that their operations could be classified as sham recycling; 

however this was not definitively proven before the facility shut down.

Sources of Information:

1. Wilk, John, United States Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, US Environmental Protection Agency. 

August 2011.

2. Wilk, John, United States Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, US Environmental Protection Agency. 

November 2011.

3. Wilk, John, United States Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, US Environmental Protection Agency. 

February 15, 2012.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: American Recovery Corp., Inc. 

EPA ID No.: MDD074923392

Address: 1901 Birch St., Baltimore, MD 21226-1410

County: Baltimore

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1932 until 1970, Industrial 

chemical manufacturing operations operated on this property. From 1970 to 1984, American 

Recovery Corp (ARC), who leased the property from its owner, operated a hazardous waste 

recycling, treatment and storage facility. During the operating period of this facility, American 

Recovery performed several general cleanups and partial closure activities. In 1984, in response 

to repeated violations, the State of Maryland revoked the facility’s permit and required the 

facility to cease operations and submit closure plans. American Recovery conducted final closure 

activities during 1985 and 1986. In 1988 the State and American Recovery signed a Consent 

Order which established guidelines for post-closure activities including corrective action. Postclosure monitoring and corrective action investigations were conducted to confirm that closure 

removed the active sources of contamination. After 1986, the owner of the site leased the 

property for several years for use as a junk yard and other industrial activities. As of 1999, the 

site was cleared of most of the junk yard material and is now vacant. This site did not hold a 

RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Groundwater sampling has detected several volatile organic 

constituents above drinking water standards including: benzene, methylene chloride, chloroform, 

trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, 1,1- dichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethane, cis-1,2,-

dichloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane and vinyl chloride. Also detected were several inorganics 

including: cadmium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, nickel and vanadium. The plumes appear to 

extend off-site. Groundwater in this area is not currently used as a drinking water supply. 

In the fall of 2001, American Recovery Company, Inc., began implementing a phased 

program to confirm the extent of groundwater contamination and determine whether there are 

continuing sources of contaminants. Two phases of field investigation resulted in the 

installation and sampling of piezometers, a passive soil gas study, several soil samples, 

sediment samples and surface water sampling. This work identified two potential source areas 

for the groundwater contamination identified at the site. 
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In May 2003, ARC’s parent company, Outsourcing Solutions filed for bankruptcy. As a result, 

Maryland Department of the Environment obtained access to financial assurance funds that were 

established under a State RCRA Closure Order. MDE is using the funds to direct a contractor to 

complete the investigation and EPA is providing technical assistance in this endeavor. In the 

summer of 2004 MDE installed eight shallow groundwater monitoring wells, four deeper 

groundwater monitoring wells and collected soil and groundwater samples from the two 

suspected source areas. These field activities confirmed the general location of two source areas. 

In 2005 MDE is performing additional characterization of these source areas to determine an 

appropriate remedy options. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 3. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility: American 

Recovery Company, Inc.” 14 July 2005. 20 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/md/pdf/mdd074923392.pdf

USEPA. “American Recovery Company Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 

(n.d.) 20 February 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000913254

USEPA. “American Recovery Company Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 12 January 2005.

20 February 2006. 

https://rtnccisland.rtpnc.epa.gov/rcrainfo/permitting/PMT_series_upd.asp?msg_seriesseq

=1

Additional Contacts:

Deborah Goldblum (USEPA – Region 3) (215) 814-3432, goldblum.deborah@epa.gov

Art O’Connell (Maryland Department of the Environment) (410) 537-3400, 

aoconnell@mde.state.md.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: American Recycling Company

EPA ID No.: OHD000720110

Address: 3203 W. 71st St., Cleveland, OH 44102

County: Cuyahoga

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: American Recycling Company was a 

mercury lamp and metal reclamation site. It accepted fluorescent lamps, computers and light 

ballasts for recycling. The fluorescent bulbs were crushed and the waste streams separated except 

for the mercury component, which was mostly stockpiled on-site. 

Description of Contamination: The facility went out of business leaving drums of waste behind 

as well as hundreds of drums of PCB wastes. The materials were abandoned in 2001. The owner 

of the property is being held responsible for the cleanup. There is no known soil or groundwater 

contamination at the site.

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “American Recycling Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 22 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110004585299

Additional Contacts:

Drew Koler (216) 281-9200

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA): (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Anzon Incorporated/ A.I. Divestitures 

EPA ID No.: TXD981054273

Address: 7418 FM 1472, Laredo, TX

County: Webb

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: TXD981054273

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The formerly Anzon Incorporated 

(Anzon) site has been the site of antimony smelting and refining operations since the late 1920. 

The facility is located in an industrial and warehouse area of Laredo, Texas and approximately 

28 acres of the 102 acre site was used for plant operations. Anzon was then known as National 

Lead Industries and was a World War II Mining and Smelting Company. National Lead operated 

the facility until 1977. Anzon acquired the facility in 1978 and restarted the operations. In 1982, 

Anzon filed a notice of registration for the generation and disposal of inorganic slag on site in its 

landfill. In 1992, Anzon began importing secondary antimony oxide for feed material into its 

refining operation. The facility ceased operation in 1999, when it was known as Great Lakes 

Chemical Corporation and transferred back to Anzon Industries. On June 26, 2003, the property 

and permits were transferred from Great Lakes Chemical Corporation to A.I. Divestitures, Inc. 

(A.I.), in Rhode Island.

In September 2000, Anzon under an Agreed Order (TCEQ Docket No. 95-0494-IHW-E) agreed 

to submit closure plans and to address the slag storage area and all identified contaminated media 

including groundwater, surface water and surface soils. Over the years, high level of antimony 

was found in the sediments of Las Manadas Creek. In addition Anzon proposed to perform a risk 

assessment to determine acceptable levels of antimony in the environment surrounding the site 

which are protective of both human health and the environment. Anzon closure plan involved 

recycling the slag as aggregate and close the remaining portions of the site by placing the 

contaminated soils under an asphalt cap. However prior to implementing this remedy, USEPA 

issued a notification initiating the rulemaking process that resulted in the listing of antimony slag 

at the site as a listed hazardous waste (K177). As a result of this pending change in the regulatory 

status of antimony slag, Anzon/A. I. Divestitures initiated discussions with TCEQ’s regarding 

the recycling of the antimony slag into road base material before the promulgation of the new 

rule. On May 20, 2002, Antimony slag was classified as K177, a listed hazardous waste and 

anyone managing this waste material after the effective date of the rule became subject to the 

rule. 

In August 2005, EPA conducted a case development inspection at the site as part of the Mining 

and Mineral Processing Initiative. At the time of the inspection, Anzon/A.I was managing 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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antimony slag as non-hazardous recyclable material (processed slag and slag from its onsite 

landfill). Anzon/A.I. said it was recycling the antimony slag to make it beneficially useful as an 

aggregate in asphalt pavement/road base. EPA had concern about A.I/Anzon recycling process 

and that the “product” did not meet the criteria for recyclable material pursuant to the Used in a 

Manner Constituting Disposal regulation. Anzon/A.I. recycling process consisted of mixing 

crushed antimony slag, sulfate and water together and stockpiled on site by a conveyor. If the 

processed material passed the screening test agreed to by TCEQ, it was stockpiled and made 

available for sale, if not it was re-crushed and reprocessed. From 2003- 2005, Anzon/A.I. 

processed and stockpile approximately 300,000 tons of this material a day on site. 

Description of Contamination: 

In 2005, a Laredo official purchased the processed (“recycled”) antimony slag from Anzon/ A.I. 

and used it to construct road base for private roads in Webb County. The residents became ill. 

The residents of Colonia Los Arcos community filed a complaint alleging that the material 

placed on its road caused illness and skin rashes and named TCEQ and EPA for approving the 

use of antimony slag on residential roads. The Texas Commission of Environmental Quality 

(TCEQ) ordered the removal of nearly a thousand cubic yards of the contaminated soil for the 

Colonia Los Arcos in eastern Webb County. On June 22, 2006, the State of Texas, on behalf of 

TECQ filed a suit against A.I. Divestitures, Environmental Recycling Technologies, LLC, and 

others.

As a result of the storage of the “recycled” antimony slag (runoff and wind dispersion), as well 

as “recycling” activities antimony has contaminated much of the operating portion of the site. 

In addition, investigations of the remaining undeveloped portion of the site found a five-acre 

portion where soil levels of antimony were at concentrations that pose an environmental risk and 

indicate a likelihood of groundwater contamination. The primary contamination on the site is 

dissolved antimony found primarily in the soils on the developed portion of the property as well 

as a five-acre area of the undeveloped portion. Groundwater testing has indicated elevated levels 

of antimony in monitoring wells on the developed portion, and the high level in soil on the 

undeveloped portion, which suggest possible transport of contamination into groundwater. This 

contamination indicated that the operating portion and the five-acre undeveloped portion did not 

meet appropriate levels for closure. Anzon/A.I. Divestitures implemented a number of control 

improvements to reduce environment releases, and is currently in negotiations regarding further 

required cleanup activities. 

A settlement negotiation is underway regarding the cleanup, closure and disposal of remaining 

hazardous wastes (Waste piles) on the site.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry Systems. Facility Detail Report. Anzon Inc. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=48479

00001&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=AIRS/AFS

2. USEPA. Office of Solid Waste. Damage Cases and Environmental Releases from Mines 

and Mineral Processing Sites. 1997. Anzon Incorporated. Accessed Online. November 

2011: http://www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/tsd/ldr/mine/damg3-97.pdf

3. McCoy Tiffany. U.S. Environmental Protection agency- Region 6. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

August 2011.

4. Benjamin, Agatha. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Region 6. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

August 2011.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: Aqua-Tech Environmental, Incorporated (Groce Laboratories)

EPA ID No.: SCD058754789

Address: 340 Robinson Road, Greer, SC 29651

County: Spartanburg

NPL Site: Final: 2/4/2000

In CERCLIS Database: 0403310

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In the 1940s local residents used this 

site as a general dumping ground. The City of Greer owned 35 acres of the 61.56-acre property 

and used 20 acres as a municipal landfill from 1963 until 1968. The landfill was subsequently 

closed and capped with clay in the early 1970s. In December 1974, William Groce purchased the 

35 acres from the City of Greer. He began accepting hazardous wastes as Groce Laboratories, 

Incorporated in 1976. Between 1982 and 1986, he purchased the remainder of the 61.56-acre 

property. Site operations consisted of state-permitted hazardous waste treatment, recycling, 

storage, and disposal activities. In April 1987 Aqua-Tech purchased the facility and continued 

hazardous waste operations at the site under the name of Aqua-Tech/Groce Laboratories. In 1990 

Aqua-Tech changed the name of the facility to Aqua-Tech Environmental, Inc. The site also 

received bio-medical wastes and low-level radioactive wastes without obtaining the necessary 

permits. Aqua-Tech's clients included manufacturing industries, federal agencies, high schools, 

universities, and hospitals. Several parcels of the 61.56-acre property have been sold in county 

tax auctions since December 1996.

From 1981 through 1991, mismanagement, violations, and non-compliance with state and federal 

regulations occurred. SCDHEC and USEPA frequently cited the facility for improper 

management of hazardous waste containers, leaking and bulging drums, storage violations, 

spills, unpermitted detonations, and other management deficiencies. Leaking and open drums, 

deteriorated compressed-gas cylinders, spills, and discolored soils were observed at the site on 

several occasions. In an attempt to correct these problems, several administrative consent orders 

were issued. According to records, a 55-gallon drum fire was reported on March 4, 1990. The 

drum contained elemental phosphorus. One firefighter was reportedly overcome by the dense 

smoke and 90 people were evacuated from the area. On April 19, 1990, an on-site explosion 

occurred when workers attempted to repack two drums containing ignitable mixtures. On July 

10, 1990, a controlled explosion was used to destroy two additional drums containing ignitable 

mixtures. Aqua-Tech filed for bankruptcy on October 11, 1991. The site did not have a RCRA 

permit. 
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Description of Contamination: Primary contaminants include metals (cadmium, chromium, 

cobalt, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc.), various volatile organic compounds, and other 

contaminants. Soil onsite is contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-VOCs, 

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs_, pesticides, and metals. Groundwater is contaminated with 

VOCs, SVOCs, and metals. Surface water was also contaminated. Upon closing there were 

approximately 7,000 drums and lab packs, 97 above-ground tanks, 1,200 gas cylinders (some 

containing phosgene and other toxic gases), unexploded ordnance material, and small amounts of 

low-level radioactive material and biohazard material at the site. Many of the drums, tanks, and 

cylinders were deteriorated, leaking, and improperly stored. Containers and debris were located 

throughout the 35-acre facility. Over 41,000,000 pounds of hazardous waste were sent to the 

Aqua-Tech (Groce Labs) site. Cleanup expenditure at this site as of 2004 was $ 1,927,901.08. 

Sources of Information: 

South Carolina Department of Health and Environment Control with Agency for Toxic 

Substances and Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment-Aqua-Tech Environmental, 

Incorporated.” 23 March 2001. 24 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/aquatechblue/ate_p1.html#backa

USEPA. “Aqua-Tech Environmental Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 25 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0403310

USEPA. “Aqua Technology Environmental Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse.(n.d.). 

23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000618779

USEPA. “Aqua-Tech Environmental Inc.” RCRA Info. 11 February 2003. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 23 January 

2006.

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet Aqua-Tech Environmental Inc. (Groce Labs).” 22 December 

2005. 25 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplsc/aquatesc.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Aqua-Tech Environmental, Inc.” 16 December 1994. 24 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0403310.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Record of Decision Summary of Remedial Alternative Selection Aqua-Tech 

Environmental Labs Inc. (Groce Labs) Site.” September 2003. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplsc/aquarod.pdf

Additional Contacts: 

Ralph Howard (EPA SAM) (404) 562-8829

Yvonne Jones (EPA RPM) (404) 562-8793

William Joyner (EPA RPM) (404) 562-8795

Mike Norman(EPA RPM) (404) 562-8792

Paul Wagner (EPA RPM) (404) 562-8792

Craig Zeller (EPA RPM) (404) 562-8827
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Arkla Terra Property

EPA ID No.: FLSFN0406909

Address: 11706 US HWY 301, Thonotosassa, FL 33592

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: FLSFN0406909

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Arkla Terra Property (ATP) site 

encompasses approximately eight acres. From 1976 through 2006 the site was operated primarily 

as an Underground Storage Tank (UST) refurbishing facility. Several companies operated at the 

site, including Southeast Oil and Development Corporation from 1976 through 1988; Four Star 

Petroleum from 1982 to 1985; PS Equipment, Inc from 1989 through 1994; Novadyne 

Corporation from 1986 through 1996; and Arkla Terra Inc., from 1993 through 2006. 

Aerial photographs of the site have shown over 500 storage tanks on the property at one time, 

along with numerous other types of containers. Solvents, including tetrachloroethylene (PCE), 

were reportedly used to clean tanks prior to repair or dismantling. PCE contamination exists in 

soil and groundwater at the site. The site was placed on the National Priorities List in April 2009, 

making it eligible for a Federal investigation and cleanup.

EPA and its contractor collected surface and subsurface soil samples and residential well water 

samples in 2009 and 2010. Water samples from the neighborhood indicate that PCE is the only 

significant contaminant in the neighborhood. In coordination with the county health department 

and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), residents have been connected 

to a municipal water supply. 

In addition to the ground water investigation, EPA and its contractor have performed an 

investigation on the ATP site to better understand the source of contamination. A total of 15 soil 

gas samples and 148 soil samples have been collected. Based on historical and current 

investigations, the source area extent of contamination appears to be limited to an area measuring 

approximately 72 ft by 72 ft and occurring to a depth of 55 ft below ground surface. The 

investigation indicates the presence of approximately 8,400 cubic yards of PCE source material.

Description of Contamination: Contaminants of concern associated with activities at the ATP 

include PCE in soil, groundwater, and in private drinking water wells. A contaminated 

groundwater plume that contains concentrations of PCE above EPA's Safe Drinking Water Act's 

maximum contaminant level and the State of Florida Primary Drinking Water Standard has 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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migrated more than 7,500 feet into the adjacent residential area. The contamination is in the 

Floridian aquifer that is the primary source of drinking water for residents in the area.

The contaminated ground water has affected as many as 117 nearby private wells. The 

Hillsborough County Public Health Unit has sampled over 200 private residential wells, and at 

least 78 of those wells contained PCE at levels exceeding state drinking water standards.

Based on the initial residential well sampling, the FDEP provided for the installation of 

commercial water treatment systems to affected residents and provided approximately one 

million dollars to Hillsborough County to extend water lines into the affected areas and connect 

the residents to the municipal water supply.

The State and the County continue to sample private drinking water wells in the area on an 

annual basis.

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Federal Registry System, Facility Detail Report. Arkla Terra Property. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=FLSF

N0406909&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=CERCLIS

2. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Arkla Terra Property, 

Thonotosassa, Florida. Accessed Online. November 2011:

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1783.htm

3. USEPA. Region 4, Superfund, Arkla Terra Property NPL Site Summary. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplfls/arklaterfls.html

4. USEPA. Superfund Site Progress Profile, Arkla Terra Property. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406909
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Former ASARCO Zinc Oxide Production Facility

EPA ID No.: OHD056743933

Address: 1363 Windsor Avenue, Columbus, OH 43211

County: Franklin

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0507513

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: American Zinc Oxide owned the 

smelter from 1918 to 1970, when ASARCO purchased the property and operated it until ceasing 

production in 1986. The facility produced zinc oxide from sphalerite ore by oxidation, reduction, 

and back oxidation. Information in Ohio EPA’s files regarding the ASARCO operations at the 

Windsor Avenue facility indicates that from approximately 1986 through early 1989, around 

38,000 tons of zinc slag from two large piles on the site were reported to have been shipped from 

the Columbus facility to facilities in New Jersey and Missouri for processing. Additional 

information about final use of the transported zinc slag is not reflected in Ohio EPA’s files. 

Runoff from the ASARCO property drained to an open ditch near Joyce and 12th Avenues, 

referred to as the Joyce Avenue outfall. The receiving ditch, referred to as the American Ditch, 

flowed about one mile through an industrial and residential area and entered the City of 

Columbus combined sewer system. In June 1989, the American Ditch was diverted to a storm 

sewer discharging to Alum Creek, classified as a primary contact, warm fishery, public, 

industrial, and agricultural water supply. Between 1971 and 1988, ASARCO exceeded Ohio 

EPA discharge limits several times, and began to take action to ship their zinc slag off-site.

From 1995-1997, ASARCO undertook remediation activities, which included leaving in-situ the 

remaining zinc slag or clinker and covering it and pre-remediation on-site drainage ditches with a 

compacted 1.5 foot thick clay cap to prevent rainfall or surface water from infiltrating into the 

clinker fill. A vertical clay barrier surrounding the perimeter of the cap keeps shallow ground 

water in contact with the clinker from migrating off-site. Shallow ground water within the 

clinker is further remediated by a subsurface drainage system installed within the clinker and a 

geomembrane barrier and pH stabilization tank in a below-grade concrete vault. The treated 

surface water and shallow ground water discharges to a storm water retention pond, and 

subsequently discharges to American Ditch at an National Pollutant Discharge Elimination 

System outfall.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-54

On June 19, 2003, ASARCO submitted a No Further Action (NFA) Letter to Ohio EPA under 

the Voluntary Action Program (VAP). In August 2005, ASARCO filed a national bankruptcy 

under Chapter 11 of the Federal Bankruptcy Code. Ohio EPA records indicate that, as of 

February 25, 2008, Ohio EPA’s Covenant Not to Sue was still pending. If Ohio EPA issues a 

VAP Covenant Not to Sue, it will not release ASARCO from liability for the historical off-site 

contamination of sediment downstream of ASARCO in American Ditch.

Description of Contamination: Prior to remedial activity under Ohio EPA’s VAP Program, 

slag area runoff sampling data for September and October 1986, revealed zinc concentrations of 

26 mg/L and 46 mg/L, respectively. At that time, ASARCO agreed to begin removing the zinc 

slag from the facility. In August 1987, the Ohio EPA described the situation at this facility by 

stating that, "[d]ue to past practices over many years of dumping waste slag or clinker all over 

the site, there was still a problem with contaminated runoff. There were documented problems 

with high concentrations of zinc and cadmium in the runoff." In November 1987, ASARCO 

notified the City of its shipment off-site of 35,000 tons of zinc slag. 

Sources of Information:

Ohio EPA. “Summary of NFAs Received and Covenants Issued.” 25 February 2008. 10 March 

2008. http://www.epa.state.oh.us/derr/vap/docs/rptVAPNFASummary.pdf

USEPA. “ASARCO.” CERCLIS. 11 January 2008. 10 March 2008. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0507513

USEPA. “Asarco Inc.” Envirofacts Multisystem Report. (n.d.). 10 March 2008. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000906066

USEPA. “Human Health and Environmental Damage from Mining and Mineral Processing 

Wastes.” December 1995. 29 January 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/other/mining/minedock/damage/index.htm

USEPA. “Report to Congress on Special Wastes from Mineral Processing, Chapter 14: Primary 

Zinc Processing.” July 1990. 27 February 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/other/mineral/chapter14.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-55

Site Information

Site Name: Atlantic Resources Corporation

EPA ID No.: NJD981558430

Address: 120 Horseshoe Rd., Sayreville, NJ 08872

County: Middlesex

NPL Site: Final: 9/5/2002

In CERCLIS Database: 0201116

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Operations at this site go back to the 

late 1930s. International Recycling operated on this site from 1968 through 1972. From 1972 

until 1985, Atlantic Resources operated on the site. Both companies recovered gold and silver by 

incineration, reverse plating, smelting, and acid etching from fly ash, film (including x-rays), 

circuit boards, building material, silverware and other waste material containing silver and gold. 

VOCs were used as fuel in the incinerators. Atlantic Resources filed for bankruptcy in 1985, 

after investigation for dioxins on the site revealed a substantial amount of contamination. 

In 2000, USEPA selected a cleanup plan to demolish chemically-contaminated debris structures 

located above ground at the 17-acre Horseshoe Road Complex, a federal Superfund site adjacent 

to Atlantic Resources Corporation facility. As a result, the Atlantic Resources joined the 

Horseshoe Road Complex as a superfund site in 2002. 

The USEPA remediation plan calls for the demolition of buildings and structures, the removal of 

surface debris, recycling of metal, concrete and brick, and the off-site disposal of the demolition 

debris. Total costs are expected to be about $1.4 million ($864,000 for the Atlantic Resources 

area and $522,000 for the Atlantic Development area). The cleanup will take approximately 13 

months to complete. USEPA plans to address soils, groundwater and sediments in the marsh and 

river in future cleanup actions at the Horseshoe Road Complex federal Superfund site. The 

agency is currently investigating the Raritan River and nearby wetlands to pinpoint the extent 

and nature of any site-related contamination. 

Past cleanup work has been conducted at the site using federal and state funds. In a series of 

cleanups since 1985, USEPA and the state have removed more than 3,000 drums (found buried 

and on the surface) and cleaned up dioxin and mercury spills. Materials found in numerous tanks 

and vats, as well as excavated contaminated soils and debris were also removed from the site. A 

settlement to reimburse USEPA for a portion of the cleanup costs was reached with some of the 

parties responsible for the contamination. However, the responsible parties have yet to perform 

any of the work.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Description of Contamination: Materials were not managed to minimize loss, and a brushfire in 

1981 revealed 70 partially filled drums containing acetonitrile, silver cyanide, and ethyl acetate. 

Contamination onsite includes volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-VOC’s, base-neutral 

compounds, heavy metals, pesticides, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). During 

cleanup, USEPA removed acids from leaking vats, cleaned up mercury spills, and other 

hazardous substances found on site. USEPA also disposed of many materials off site, including 

152 drums, 5550 gallons of combustible liquid, 70 pounds of mercury, 520 cubic yards of 

contaminated debris, and 15 gas cylinders. Incineration of film had led to dioxin contamination, 

and waste solvents had leaked out of storage containers. Impact to surface soils was largely 

contamination from metals such as mercury and cadmium; impact to groundwater was largely 

from solvents. 

Atlantic Resources also was noted to have dumped wastes and discharged wastes directly into 

the Raritan River and the marsh by New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. 

Investigations have shown that these releases are contaminating the Raritan River, which is a 

fishery, and surrounding marshes. The site was highly contaminated, due to sloppy operation and 

illegal practices, such as the use of nitric acid for etching, and direct dumping of wastes into a 

nearby run-off stream.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Selects Cleanup Plan for Above-Ground Structures at 

Superfund Site on Horseshoe Road in Sayreville, New Jersey.” 3 October 2000. 17 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2000/00178a.htm

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Places Three Sites on the Final Superfund National Priorities 

List in New Jersey.” 4 September 2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2002/02087.htm

EPA Region 2. “Superfund Site Summary: Atlantic Resources.” (n.d.) 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0201116c.pdf

EPA Region 2. “Superfund Site Summary: Horseshoe Road.” (n.d.) 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0200781c.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-57

USEPA. “Atlantic Resources.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0201116

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Atlantic Resources Corporation.” 2 September 2002. 17 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0201116.pdf

Additional Contacts:

John Osolin (RPM) (212) 637-4412, Interview 6/30/05
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Aztec Mercury 

EPA ID No.: TXD061284105

Address: 970 Callaway Drive, Alvin, TX

County: Brazoria

NPL Site: No 

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: From 1974 to 1985, mercury was 

recycled at this site. An enforcement order issued by the Texas Water Commission on May 13, 

1986, required operations to cease. During its operations, there were no controls on the 

management of the hazardous waste and the man operating the site had no hazardous waste 

permits. Though a neighbor reported him to the police, the man did not abandon the site and 

continued to live there.

The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: A remedial investigation to determine the nature and extent of 

contamination was completed July 11, 1994. Results indicated that contamination of soils and 

ditch sediments by mercury exist on the site at potentially harmful levels. A baseline risk 

assessment concluded that further action was needed to eliminate any potential imminent and 

substantial endangerment to human health and the environment. Following approval of the 

baseline risk assessment, a feasibility study (FS) report was submitted and reviewed. The FS 

report developed three alternatives, with excavation and off-site disposal as the preferred 

alternative. As a result of the removal of soil and sediment, there is no longer a source for 

groundwater contamination. The site no longer presents an endangerment to public health or the 

environment and was deemed suitable for residential use.

Sources of Information: 

Boucher, Carol (Texas Commission Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2501, Interview 

9 December 2005. 

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Texas Superfund Site: Aztec Mercury, Inc.” 

(n.d.). 20 January 2006.

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/aztecmer.html 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Aztec Mercury Inc.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 16 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts: 

Carol Boucher (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2501

cboucher@tceq.state.tx.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Back Waste Oil 

EPA ID No.: NYN000204415

Address: 704 County Road 30A, Central Bridge, NY 12035

County: Schoharie

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0204415

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site is a former machine shop. Over 

the years the owner has been accumulating thousands of gallons of waste oil, solvents, paint, and 

other types of ignitable fluids, from his own sources, as well as from unknown individuals who 

merely left containers of chemicals at his site. These materials were intended to be used as 

supplemental fuel by the owner in a small heater inside the machine shop. Having been out of 

business for the past 15 years, the waste fluids have been accumulating on the site. 

Description of Contamination: In addition to the more than 5,000 gallons of waste oil and other 

ignitable fluids, there are approximately 40 compressed gas cylinders of various sizes and a 

partially filled 300 gallon propane tank. Inside the shop area, in addition to the containers of 

ignitable wastes, the owner has two boxes of live, .50 caliber military ammunition. The rear 

garage door is missing, and allows for unrestricted access to the building. There are no operating 

fire or smoke detectors, nor is there a fire alarm system. There are visible signs of waste oil 

spillage onto the soil.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “Back Waste Oil.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204415

USEPA. “Back Waste Oil.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110013799425

USEPA. “Back Waste Oil.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/wasteoil

Additional Contacts:

Paul Kahn (OSC) kahn.paul@epamail.epa.gov 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Baldwin Waste Oil

EPA ID No.: TXD980626987

Address: Farm Road 1889, Robstown, TX

County: Nueces

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: The property was leased for use as a 

waste oil processing facility from 1978 to 1986. The site was inspected by the Texas Water 

Commission in November 1986 and found to be abandoned. Contaminants include 

hydrocarbons, metals, nonvolatile organics. 

As of September 2004, clean up costs at the site amounted to $1,635,504.01.

Description of Contamination: Preliminary investigations of analyzed soil samples indicated 

elevated lead, chromium, barium, and arsenic concentrations. 

Sources of Information: 

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Superfund Site Profile: Baldwin Waste Oil.” 

(n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/baldwin.html

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2005. 20 January 

2006.

Additional Contacts: 

Carol Dye (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-1504
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-62

Site Information

Site Name: Baron Blakeslee

EPA ID No.: CAD074644659

Address: 8333 Enterprise Dr., Newark CA 94560

County: Alameda

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Baron Blakeslee was a chemical storage 

and distribution center that is no longer in operation. In the past the facility also operated as a 

solvent recovery center for recovery of fluorinated and chlorinated solvents from waste liquids. 

As a result of underground storage tank (UST) closure activities (Closure Report, December 13, 

1995), the fire department recommended that the facility investigate their groundwater and as a 

result, brought the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) into cleanup activities at 

the facility. A CWC 13267 request for a technical report (January 27, 1994) stated that the high 

levels of contaminants in soil and the ground water should be examined. 

Baron Blakeslee was issued a RCRA permit on November 13, 1992 after its original RCRA 

permitted issued on November 7, 1983 expired on November 7, 1988. 

Description of Contamination: The facility’s soil and groundwater is contaminated with 

volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and a ground water plume has migrated offsite 

approximately 1000 feet to the west. Concentrations in ground water are as high as 130 mg/L 

(ppm) for trichloroethylene (TCE). The revised site cleanup requirements order interim remedial 

actions for soils and groundwater and the proposal of a final remedial alternative. Cleanup is ongoing; however, the current cleanup cost is not available. 

Sources of Information: 

Cherie McCaulou (RWQCB) 510-622-2342, Interview 12/8/2005

USEPA. “Baron Blakeslee.” Documentation of Environmental Indicator Determination. 

5 February 1999. 16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/3a3dfc41fe9920c988256ac500795f3d/$FILE/B

aron%20659%20EI%2000.pdf

USEPA. “Baron Blakeslee.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d). 24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000621284
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Baron Blakeslee.” RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms

Addendum. 3 October 2000. 16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/3a3dfc41fe

9920c988256ac500795f3d/$FILE/Baron%20659%20+%2000.pdf

USEPA. “Baron Blakeslee.” RCRAInfo. 27 June 2002. 18 January 2006.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Baron Blakeslee

EPA ID No.: ORD061483384 

Address: 5920 NE 87th Ave., Portland, OR 97220

County: Multnomah

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: Prior to 1972, the site was owned by 

Ethyl Corporation and operated as a chlorinated solvent distribution center. From 1972 to 1993, 

Baron Blakeslee operated as a permitted hazardous waste storage and solvent recycling business. 

The facility recovered fluorinated and chlorinated solvents from waste liquids. In July 1991, the 

site was issued a RCRA permit. When the facility ceased operations in 1993, Oregon’s 

Department of Environmental Quality’s RCRA program managed the facility closure plan.

Description of Contamination: On-site soil and on-site and off-site groundwater contain 

significant concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and chlorinated solvents. 

Groundwater is the primary pathway of concern. The solvent constituents detected were acetone, 

methylene chloride, tetrachloroethylene (PCE), 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene. The 

specific manner and times of release are not known; the source of contamination in general is 

historical operating practices. 

Sources of Information:

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Environmental Cleanup Site Information (ECSI) 

Database Site Summary Report – Details for Site ID 1274.” 19 January 2006. 19 January 

2006. http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/ECSI/ecsidetail.asp?seqnbr=1274

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Facility Summary Report.” 11 March 2004. 18 

January 2006. http://deq12.deq.state.or.us/FP20/Fpdetail.aspx?SiteID=8918

USEPA. “Baron Blakeslee.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Documentation of Environmental Indicator Determination RCRA Corrective Action.” 

April 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/cleanup.nsf/0/35ab1c3dc0f9ce1788256e01006ae0e7/$FILE/

OR3384_042005.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA Region 9: Corrective Action. “Facility Environmental Indicators.” 3 October 2000. 18 

January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/3A3DFC41FE9920C988256AC500795F3D?Op

enDocument

Additional Contacts:

Bill Robertson (503) 229-6843 robertson.bill@deq.state.or.us
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Site Name: Basin Oil Company

EPA ID No.: WAD988477501 , WAD988466991

Address: 8661 Dallas Ave S. and 8617 17th Ave S., Seattle, WA

County: King County

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: WAD988466991

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Basin Oil Company (Basin Oil) 

operated a used oil recycling facility in Seattle, Washington. The facility, located south of the 

Lower Duwamish Waterway Superfund site, is in a combined industrial and residential area. It 

consists of two areas, the primary site on Dallas Avenue South, and what is referred to as the 

“West Yard” on 17th Avenue South. The facility operated from 1987 until it closed in 2004, 

though wastes and accumulated drums of oil remained on site for more than three years. 

Basin Oil first contacted the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) in 1996, 

identifying itself as a small quantity generator of hazardous wastes, and receiving a RCRA 

identification number. The wastes reported were waste oil and sludge from used oil tanks, 

produced during used oil recycling. 

Following discussions with Ecology in 2004 and citations for improper management of wastes, 

the facility shut down. However, 26 above ground tanks and approximately 900 barrels of oil 

waste, as well as booms and other oil soaked debris, were left on the site and were not removed 

until 2008. During this time many of the drums or open containers had leaks or overflowed. 

While the site owner was in contact with Ecology during this time, an arrangement for the 

cleanup of the site was never adequately reached and Basin Oil was issued multiple citations for 

failure to properly address the damages at the site. Inspections in 2008 determined the last barrels 

had been removed from the site, and the owner was sent a notice of penalty by Ecology for a 

number of the violations noted between 2004 and 2008. The violations were primarily in regard 

to the used oil processor regulations, though some of the inspections did note oil and oil wastes 

uncontained on the grounds of the site. Specific violations were failure to provide secondary 

containment for tanks and containers, failure to test tank bottom sludge, and failure to process 

their customers used oil within 90 days. Also included were two violations of state regulations 

for failure to provide a demonstration of liability insurance for accidental releases and failure to 

prepare and follow a facility closure plan.

Description of Contamination: Contamination at the site occurred primarily after the site 

closed in 2004 when Ecology determined that the site was not properly managing wastes. A 

considerable amount of material, including around 900 barrels of waste oil and sludge, was left 
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on the site after closure, and during this period of abandonment site inspections noted that many 

barrels were leaking or overflowing. Inspections noted, along with violations for management 

and safety, that waste was leaking onto and was present on the site surface. The waste on the site 

had been noted to contain chromium, lead, and a number volatile organics. It was the lead levels 

remaining in the waste 2004 that caused the waste to be designated as a hazardous. 

Source: Washington State Department of Ecology

These wastes were left on site until 2008 when the remaining barrels were finally removed. 

Basin was issued a penalty of $41,000 by the state for the violations of the used oil processor 

regulations. A figure of $80,000 was also reported by state officials as being spent on 

groundwater testing at the site to determine possible impact of past practices and the abandoned 

wastes. 

Sources of Information:

1. Washington Department of Ecology. Environmental Fact Sheet. Basin Oil, King County, 

Washington, August 2007. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/CLEANUP.NSF/LDW/Basin+Oil/$FILE/basin-oil-fs-08-10-

07.pdf

2. Washington Department of Ecology. Notice of Penalty to Terry Drexler-Basin Oil. 

November 2008. 

3. Washington Department of Ecology. Immediate Action Letter to Terry Drexler of Basin 

Oil – Dangerous Waste Compliance Inspection at Bain Oil. February 2007. 

4. Smith, Barbara. Washington Department of Ecology, Personal communication (email) 

with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Regarding Potential 

Damage cases. August 2011.
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Site Information

Site Name: Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington)

EPA ID No.: NCD000648402

Address: 305 New Highway 64 E, Lexington, NC 27292

County: Davidson

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0402542

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This 27.5-acre battery manufacturing 

facility zoned light industrial/commercial that is currently owned and operated by the Gillette 

Company, corporate owner of Duracell. The site began operating in the 1950s. Previous 

owners/operators at the site, including P.R. Mallory and Duracell, manufactured mercuric oxide 

batteries, as well as dry cells for commercial and industrial use. Over the years, several plant 

operations have been added to the site to expand production. The operating facility consists of 

three main buildings. Plant #1 is a battery cell assembly operation where chemicals are mixed 

and laced into containers to make batteries. Plant #2 was the building where mercuric oxide was 

formulated from 1977 to 1986. Mercury reclamation operations also took place on the east side 

of this plant from 1977 to 1986. Plant #2 was demolished and removed from the site in 1995. 

Plant #3 was purchased in 1976 and is utilized for testing, packaging, and shipping and 

receiving. Building #4 was built in 1981 to house the mercury reclamation furnace; this building 

is now used to temporarily store hazardous waste and house the wastewater treatment system. 

Although the facility did have a mercury reclamation process, it is believed that it did not receive 

any non-process materials for recycling. 

There has been one RCRA inspection done at this site in the past 3 years, completed on 

01/19/2005. Battery Tech has been in RCRA non-compliance for 6 of the past 12 quarters. There 

was one formal RCRA enforcement on 10/22/2004 and a formal RCRA action taken against it on 

07/16/2004.

This site is subject to two CERCLA Unilateral Administrative Orders for RD/RA for each 

operable unit (soils/groundwater). The owner Gillette has completed the soil remediation and the 

groundwater pump and treat system. Under discussion is whether to convert the two UAO’s into 

Consent Decrees. Contamination occurred at this site until 1986. 

This facility did not hold a RCRA Part B permit.
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Description of Contamination: Site operations, including recycling hazardous waste such as 

mercury reclamation, resulted in extensive mercury and manganese contamination in the soil and 

ground water at the site. Contamination, however, likely occurs between the mid-1970s through 

the mid 1980's. One source of mercury contamination in the soil involved past operations in the 

area of Plant #2. Another source of mercury contamination in the soil involved spillage while 

transporting the mercuric oxide from Plant #2 to Plant #1. Leaching of the mercury from the soil 

to the soil into the ground water resulted in mercury ground water contamination. Mercury is 

present in on-site ground water at levels significantly higher than both State and Federal drinking 

water standards. 

Sources of Information: 

Black, Trevor C. (Associate Regional Counsel) (404) 562-9581, Interview 21 November 2005

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 31 October 

2005. 

USEPA. “Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington).” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0402542

USEPA. “Duracell GBMG.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000604187

USEPA. “Duracell GBMG.” Enforcement & Compliance History Online. 8 December 2005. 19 

January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/cgi-bin/get1cReport.cgi?tool=echo&IDNumber=110000604187

USEPA. “Duracell.” RCRAInfo. 29 September 2005. 20 January 2006.

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Battery Tech (Duracell-Lexington).” 29 

September 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/superrods/index.cfm?fuseaction=data.siterods&siteid=0402542

Additional Contacts:

Steve H. Barron (Contact/Regulatory/RCRA) (336) 242-6000

Trevor C. Black, Associate Regional Counsel, 404-562-9581
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Site Name: Bay Area Metals Recycling

EPA ID No.: WVR000513812

Address: 3815 S State Route 2, Friendly, WV 26146

County: Tyler

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Bay Area Metals Recycling (BAM) 

conducted an illegal hazardous waste recycling operation at its facility in Friendly, West 

Virginia. BAM supposedly operated a non-hazardous waste processing/recycling facility. In 

actuality, it was an unpermitted hazardous waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal (TSD) facility. 

The investigation into the illegal operation ultimately involved five states (Connecticut, Illinois, 

Ohio, Vermont, and West Virginia) and three U.S. EPA regions (Regions I, III, and V).

The recycling operation involved AGMET Metals, Inc (AGMET), which is a metals 

processing/recycler with various locations in Ohio. AGMET received materials, including 

hazardous wastes, from generators in Vermont, Illinois, and Connecticut, and then transported 

the wastes to the BAM facility in West Virginia. AGMET claimed that all of the wastes sent to 

BAM were either non-hazardous wastes or were exempted and/or there was an applicable 

variance. However, investigation and sampling revealed that much of the waste sent to BAM was 

indeed hazardous waste and/or the exemptions and variances did not apply. Utilizing a process 

called "calcining," employees of both BAM and AGMET jointly treated, stored and disposed of 

the hazardous wastes in order to partially reclaim the metals contained in the waste.

On October 7, 2010, the State of West Virginia issued a Unilateral Order to BAM that noted a 

number of waste management violations and ordered the facility to take immediate measures for 

compliance. BAM was also ordered to stop accepting wastes until obtaining a valid Hazardous 

Waste Management Permit.

On December 1, 2010, the West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection (WV DEP) 

issued a Notice of Violation to BAM with regard to violations of hazardous waste management 

regulatory requirements. Specifically, BAM was given notice for the following violations:

 Storage of uncontainerized listed and characteristic hazardous waste;

 Failure to minimize the possibility of a release of hazardous waste which could threaten 

human health and environment;

 Storage of hazardous waste generated by offsite generators without a permit; and
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 Storage of listed and characteristic hazardous waste in waste piles without a permit and 

which do not meet design and operating requirements.

Description of Contamination: BAM received hazardous waste generated off site and stored 

the waste improperly. BAM stored F006 listed hazardous waste, as well as D007, D008, and 

characteristic hazardous waste in unpermitted waste piles on a cracked floor in a building that 

was partially enclosed. The listed and characteristic wastes were tracked outside of the storage 

building onto the ground. Hazardous wastes that were spilled onto cracked concrete outside of 

the storage building were rained on and the runoff eventually flowed into surface waters via an 

unpermitted outfall.

Lead-containing hazardous used oils (D008) poured out of one hazardous waste stream from GE 

Aviation onto the cracked floor and into the soils below. These contaminated soils remain on 

site.

The hazardous wastes that were tracked from the waste pile storage area onto soils behind the 

facility have been excavated and shipped offsite to a permitted TSD facility. The soils below the 

unpermitted outfall have been excavated and shipped to a TSD. Three thousand gallons of F006-

contaminated water from an oil/water separator were pumped and sent to a TSD.

With the exception of several tons of F006 waste yet to be cleaned out of onsite process units and 

levels of D008 hazardous oils that still remain under the floor of the storage building, the WV

DEP has compelled BAM/AGMET to ship tens of thousands of pounds of listed and 

characteristic hazardous wastes to offsite TSD facilities. There remains remediation work to be 

completed at the site.

Per-day penalties, if totaled in the current civil action, amount to more than $52 million. A team 

of WV DEP legal and RCRA staff is currently in negotiations with BAM and AGMET for a 

resolution of all outstanding issues. WV DEP is attempting to have all of the remedial actions 

completed, before the company dissolves.

Sources of Information:

1. Gable, Dale. West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection. Personal 

Communication (email) to Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

October 19, 2011. 
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2. State of West Virginia vs. Bay Area Metal Recycling, Inc., Agmet, Inc. Civil Complaint. 

Civil Action No. 11-C-27K

3. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Bay Area Metals Recycling. 

Accessed Online. November 2011:

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=WVR

000513812&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=RCRAINFO

4. West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection. Notice of Violation. Issued to 

Bay Area Metals Recycling. December 1, 2010. 
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Site Information

Site Name: Bay Zinc Company Inc.

PA ID No.: WAD027530526

Address: 301 W. Charron Rd., Moxee City, WA 98936

County: Yakima

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Bay Zinc has secondary manufactured 

zinc micronutrient fertilizer for over 25 years on their 11-acre site. The raw materials used in the 

manufacturing processes were K061 electric arc furnace dust rich in zinc and other metals. The 

K061 dust was typically reacted with sulfuric acid.. The final product was dried into granules or 

retained in liquid form, then sold as zinc micronutrient fertilizer for agricultural use. 

This facility had a RCRA storage permit for K061 prior to recycling. The facility had a RCRA 

permit from November 1988 to November 1990. The site was addressed through MTCA, 

Washington State’s superfund, even though they had a RCRA storage permit. 

Description of Contamination: Product storage and handling practices and product spills at the 

facility have resulted in releases of hazardous substances to the soil and groundwater. Hazardous 

materials exist in soil and groundwater at the site. In soil, metals such as lead, cadmium and zinc 

are the primary concern. Groundwater samples show elevated concentrations of sulfate, chloride, 

manganese, cadmium and zinc. The selected cleanup actions for the site include: 1) Excavation 

and offsite disposal of contaminated soils to an appropriate landfill; 2) Removal and treatment of 

contaminated groundwater.

Sources of Information:

Boyd, Andrew. Email to Amy Lile (USEPA Office of Solid Waste). 21 October 2005. 

Information from Washington Department of Ecology’s report to the state legislature in 

2002: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html

USEPA. “Bay Zinc Company Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000491254.

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 19 January 2006.

USEPA. “RCRA Site Progress Profile: Bay Zinc Co Inc.” 10 December 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcra_profile.getmain?p_handler_id=WAD027530526.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Washington State Department of Ecology. “Fact Sheet September 2002: Bay Zinc Company 

Inc.” September 2002. 17 January 2006. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0209058.pdf. 

Washington State Department of Ecology. “Hazardous Waste Management Facilities in 

Washington – Problems and Options.” p. 12, 69. September 2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html.

Additional Contacts:

Greg Caron (Hazardous Waste Program, Washington State Department of Ecology) (509) 454-

7893, grca461@ecy.wa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Beacon Battery Co.

EPA ID No.:

Address: 8666 Delta Line Rd., Custer, WA 98240

County: Whatcom 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Beacon Battery is a small home 

business located in Custer, Washington, in northwest Whatcom County. Beacon Battery receives 

used batteries for recycle and resale. The business collects lead acid batteries and reconditions 

them on site. The ones that cannot be reconditioned are sent for offsite smelting. It appears to be 

a legitimate recycling process. 

Description of Contamination: In 1990, an investigation found that approximately 200 batteries 

were being stacked outside in an open area with evidence of spillage of battery acid. Soil 

samples indicated lead contamination. In 1999, a second investigation showed elevated levels of 

lead in the soil; however there was no longer evidence of acid spillage. In 2000, the site was 

cleaned. Drinking water tests showed the water was safe and the contaminated soil was removed. 

Two hazardous waste inspections were conducted at the site in 2003. Minor hazardous waste 

violations were noted and the facility corrected everything in a timely manner. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 10. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste).

20 November 2005. 

Washington State Department of Health. “Health Consultation: Beacon Battery, Custer, 

Whatcom County, Washington.” 19 September 2003. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.doh.wa.gov/ehp/oehas/publications_pdf/HealthConsults/

Beacon_Battery_Custer_Whatcom_6-28-01.pdf.

Additional Contacts:

David S. Misko (Hazardous Waste Compliance, Supervisor, Washington Dept. of Ecology –

Northwest Regional Office) (425) 649-7014
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Beede Waste Oil 

EPA ID No.: NHD018958140

Address: 7 Kelly Road, Plaistow, NH 03865

County: Rockingham

NPL Site: Final: 12/23/1996

In CERCLIS Database: 0102723

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Beede Waste Oil, an inactive waste oil 

recycling and virgin fuel oil storage and distribution facility, includes two adjacent parcels 

totaling 39 acres. The site was the location of several oil-related operations, including waste oil 

processing and re-sale, fuel oil sale, contaminated soil processing into cold-mix asphalt, antifreeze recycling, and other related industries. These activities were reportedly conducted from 

the 1920's until operations ceased in August 1994. 

The first parcel has been occupied by oil-related businesses since 1926, when Robert Beede 

operated a waste oil recycling facility on site, receiving waste oils, collecting and storing the oils 

on site in containers, and then reselling usable oils to asphalt manufacturing facilities and towns 

for dust suppression. Between 1964 and 1979, Cash Oil operated on site, and in 1979 Cash 

Energy, Inc. purchased the property. The last oil-related business, Tri-State Resources, left the 

property in August 1994. 

Waste oil was deposited in a surface impoundment for an unknown duration between 1960 and 

1975 and in an underground storage vault from an unspecified date until its removal in 1991. The 

oils were periodically pumped into a series of aboveground storage tanks (ASTs). By 1978, 86 

ASTs with a total capacity of 1.3 million gallons were in use. 38 of these tanks have been 

documented to contain waste oil, sludge, and/or water contaminated with PCBs and/or metals. 

Several tanks are known to have leaked, including one used to store PCB-contaminated waste 

oil. 

This site did not hold a RCRA Part B permit. 

Description of Contamination: The primary contaminants that have been found in the soil, 

sediment, surface water, and groundwater include PCBs, VOCs, polyaromatic hydrocarbons 

(PAHs), petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) and lead. VOCs in the groundwater continue to migrate 

off-site, and have impacted 14 adjacent residential wells. Three underground storage tanks used 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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to store waste oils were removed sometime after 1979. More than 200 drums of oil, sludge, and 

contaminated soil are stockpiled on site. 

The following materials were abandoned when operations ceased in 1994: approximately 100 

large above-ground storage tanks containing hazardous and non-hazardous oil product; several 

large piles of soil containing varying levels of contamination; and about 800 drums of oil 

product, some containing hazardous materials, which were stored in an open, roofed area. The 

levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) exceeded the allowable levels in drinking water in 

the on-site monitoring wells and in two residential wells off-site. Floating oil was found resting 

on the groundwater at the Site. The oil has periodically seeped into the Kelley Brook that flows 

adjacent to the Site. In the fall of 1983, chemical contamination was discovered in a residential 

well near the site. By 2004, 80,000 gallons have oil had been removed from the site.

In January 2004, USEPA announced a $48 million cleanup plan for restoration of the 39-acre 

Beede Waste Oil Superfund site in Plaistow, New Hampshire. As of January 2004, EPA and 

New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (DES) have invested about $19 million 

for investigation and cleanup work at the site. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 1. “Waste Site Cleanup and Reuse: Beede Waste Oil Site.” 3 October 2005. 17 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region01/superfund/sites/beede/

USEPA. “Beede Waste Oil.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0102723

USEPA. “Beede Waste Oil.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110004088978

USEPA. “Beede Waste Oil.” RCRAInfo. 1 September 2000. 20 January 2006. 

USEPA. “EPA Announces Plan for Funding Cleanup of Beede Superfund Site in N.H.” 8 June 

2001. 6 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/ne/superfund/sites/beede/search_fs.htm

USEPA. “EPA Announces $48 Million Cleanup Decision for the Beede Waste Oil Superfund 

Site in Plaistow N.H.” 13 January 2004. 6 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/ne/superfund/sites/beede/search_fs.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “EPA Takes Major Step to Fund Cleanup of Beede Superfund Site in N.H.” 3 June 

2002. 6 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/ne/superfund/sites/beede/search_fs.htm

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 17 January 

2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Angela Bonarrigo (CIC) (617) 918-1034

Tom Condon (OSC) (617) 918-1206

James Chow (RPM) (617) 918-1394

Dorothy Girten-Parr (OSC) (617) 918-1265

Nancy Smith (SAM) (617) 918-1436
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Bergsoe Metal Corporation

EPA ID No.: ORD991281460

Address: 444 Port Ave, St. Helens, OR 97051 

County: Columbia

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: The Bergsoe Metal facility, a 

secondary lead smelting facility, was constructed from 1980-1982. Operations started in April 

1982 and ceased in October 1986 when BMC was placed in involuntary bankruptcy. During 

plant operations the site had six main buildings, each dedicated to a specific function of the plant. 

Also on site was a surge pond, the former slag and matte pile area, and employee parking areas. 

The main process of the BMC plant was smelting and refining scrap lead to produce lead ingots 

in the form of 60- to 65-pound pigs, 1,850-pound hogs, and other customized molds. 

Batteries, battery plates, solder flux waste, and lead scrap were delivered to the plant and smelted 

to produce elemental lead, which was further refined and alloyed. Used lead/acid batteries 

brought in by semitrailers were processed through the battery dumper (before August 1984) or 

battery wrecker (after August 1984). The resulting lead materials were staged in the silo 

building, then mixed with other raw materials to create a furnace charge. Battery casing chips 

were washed and sold for recycling. The battery acid was collected and sold as reusable material. 

Crude lead from the furnace was refined in the refinery kettles. Refined lead was then sent to 

casting machines and formed into ingots, which were sold to a variety of companies, mainly 

battery manufacturers. Lead alloys were also produced to customer specifications. In addition to 

scrap lead, a variety of chemicals and metals were used in the smelting and refining processes 

including coke, millscale, iron oxide, shredded iron, lead dross, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, 

cadmium, selenium, sodium metal, tin, caustic soda, iron pyrite, soda ash, sodium nitrite, sulfur, 

and ammonium chloride.

Bergsoe generated liquid and solid wastes throughout its operations. The facility's methods of 

storage, treatment and disposal were consistent for the duration of plant operation.

Liquids included waste acid and acidic wash water. For the first few months of operation, waste 

acids were disposed of at the hazardous waste landfill in Arlington, Oregon. After that they were 

sent to Boise Cascade's St. Helens plant as usable material. Wash water generated inside the 

buildings was recycled for reuse in a closed loop system. Heavily contaminated rinse water was 
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sprayed into one of the afterburners. Storm water was collected through a system of storm drains, 

and piped to the on-site surge pond. Process water was not discharged to the pond. 

Solids in the form of slag and matte were produced from the blast furnace, and were stored on 

the slag pad north of the furnace building and east of the silo building. Excess material was 

periodically moved from the slag pad to the slag and matte pile in the northwest corner of the 

site. Other solids including the baghouse dust were reused as components of the blast furnace 

charge. Plastics from the battery wrecker were rinsed and recycled. Used refractory brick was 

drummed and stored outside the electrical substation prior to disposal. Wooden pallets on which 

batteries had been delivered were stored along the north access road. Drums with lead scrap were 

sporadically stored along the east fence north of the gate. 

This site was not a RCRA-permitted facility. 

Description of Contamination: Environmental damage occurred throughout the life of the 

facility. Soil was contaminated with lead, arsenic, and cadmium. Groundwater was contaminated 

with sulfate, lead and cadmium. During its operations from 1982-1986, air on-site was 

contaminated with lead. Two releases of rinse water to the ground are on record. The first was 

900 gallons in December 1982, the second 25,000 gallons in January 1985. In April 1985, 25,000 

gallons of acid wash water were spilled. Acid leaked from the battery acid containment system 

during temporary storage. The liquid was characterized as corrosive and EP toxic for lead. Slag 

and matte piles located at the facility were characterized as EP toxic for lead and cadmium. 

Fugitive emissions and operating practices caused accumulation of lead, and to a lesser extent 

cadmium and arsenic, in site soils at the facility. None of the off-site soil samples exceeded 500 

mg/kg total lead. Dust on roads was heavily contaminated with lead. The on-site pond contained 

surface water run-off from the site which was contaminated with lead. Floor tanks became 

plugged and ineffective, corroding out. During one early DEQ inspection of the site, as much as 

a foot of pooled acid solution was discovered. 

According to Bob Williams at Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, in the early to mid90s, $16 million was spent on various interim removal actions and the final remedy was 

estimated to cost $431,000. According to USEPA cost figures, actual expenditure as of 

September 2004 was $26,056.45. On February 29, 1988 Bergsoe Metal Corporation entered into 

an administrative consent order with USEPA under CERCLA. 

Sources: 

Levin, Anne (Oregon DEQ) (503) 229-6258, Interview 19 December 2005.
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Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Environmental Cleanup Site Information (ECSI) 

Databases Site Summary Report – Details for Site ID 12.” (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/ECSI/ecsidetail.asp?seqnbr=12

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Record of Decision Selected Final Remedial 

Action Bergsoe Metal Corporation St. Helens Oregon.” October 1994. 20 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Bergsoe Metal Corporation.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Williams, Robert (Oregon DEQ) williams.robert@deq.state.or.us, Email 19 December 2005.

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

20 January 2006. 

Contacts:

Robert Williams (Oregon DEQ) (503) 229-6802, williams.robert@deq.state.or.us

Anne Levine (Oregon DEQ) (503) 229-6258

Brett McKnight (Oregon DEQ) (541) 388-6146 x236
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Site Information

Site Name: Berman Steel - Salinas

EPA ID No.: CAD981624950

Address: Highway 101 at Spence Road, Salinas, CA 93908

County: Monterey 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Berman Steel leased this two-acre 

property from Southern Pacific Transportation Co. (SPTCo.) and operated a scrap metal 

recycling and salvage yard facility. The facility used electrical transformers from Pacific Gas and 

Electric Company (PG&E) which were dismantled on the property for recycling. During 

recycling operations, PCBs from used transformers were spilled onto the ground. Heavy metal 

contamination also resulted from recycling operations.

Description of Contamination: Contaminants at this site included lead, PCBs, copper and 

compounds, and zinc. 

A remedial action plan was completed on August 26, 1992. 1,377.2 cubic yards of soils were 

excavated and disposed at a hazardous waste landfill. The existing concrete pads at the site were 

demolished and used as a foundation for the cap. The entire site was capped with clayey soils 

and vegetative cover. A deed restriction limiting future use of the property was recorded. The 

entire site was capped with clayey soils and vegetative cover. A deed restriction limiting future 

use of the property was recorded. Post closure activities will consist of yearly inspection of the 

cap for indications of erosion, cracking or ponding of surface water. Any damage found in the 

cap will be repaired with soil cap material or topsoil. The cap cover will be sampled yearly to 

determine if the contaminants are being taken up by the vegetation. Vegetative cover will be cut 

yearly to prevent the growth of woody species. Also, there will be a 5-year review to verify that 

the cleanup measures are still satisfactory. 

Sources of Information: 

Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Berman Steel-Salinas.” EnviroStor Database.

(n.d.) 15 January 2006.

http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/profile_report.asp?global_id=27350001

US EPA. “Ebstone & Son, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 February 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAD981624950
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Additional Contacts:

Monica Gan, Project Manager, mgan@dtsc.ca.gov, 510-540-3748
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Bern Metals 

EPA ID No.: NYD986910057

Address: 22 Bender Ave, Buffalo, NY 14206-2803

County: Erie

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0202697

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Bern/Universal Metals site on the 

east side of Buffalo was used as a scrap metal processing center for almost 50 years until it was 

closed in the late1980s. The state began its involvement in the case in the late 1980s. In 1992, 

USEPA excavated some contaminated soil, removed barrels, provided soil cover on part of the 

property and put up fencing. Because the site owners were deceased, the state then initiated a 

proceeding against companies identified as contributing to pollution at the site. Six entities that 

sent toxic material to the site have agreed to conduct cleanup activities at the site which are 

estimated to cost $1.86 million for the cleanup. The entities include: Niagara Frontier 

Transportation Authority, Niagara Frontier Transit Metro System, Inc., Honeywell International 

Inc., National Fuel Gas Distribution Corp., General Motors Corporation, and New York State 

Electric and Gas Corporation. Consolidated Railroad owned a portion of the site and agreed to 

pay $300,000 according to a 2002 Federal Register Notice. 

Description of Contamination: Soil at the five-acre site is heavily contaminated with lead, 

battery acid and other toxic substances.

Sources of Information: 

Federal Register (Volume 67, Number 53). Page 12573. “Notice of Lodging of Partial Consent 

Decree Under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability 

Act of 1980, as Amended.” 19 March 2002. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2002/March/Day-19/f6280.htm

Office of New York State Attorney General Eliot Spitzer. “Agreement Speeds Cleanup of 

Buffalo Toxic Site.” 19 July 2002. 19 January 2000.

http://www.oag.state.ny.us/press/2002/jul/jul19a_02.html

USEPA. “Bern Metals.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0202697
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Additional Contacts:

Chait Agnihotri (OSC) (908) 906-6908
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Bingham & Taylor

EPA ID No.: VAD003064490

Address: Nalle Place, Culpeper, VA 22701

County: Culpeper

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Bingham and Taylor Foundry 

produces cast iron products from recycled scrap iron in a legitimate, regulated recycling practice. 

The site consists of office buildings, operating buildings, storage buildings, and a loading dock. 

Bingham & Taylor receives scrap iron from various sources. The scrap iron is melted down and 

transferred to molds to produce cast iron products. Products include valve boxes, curb boxes, 

meter frames, and lids. Bingham & Taylor finishes its cast iron products with an asphalt coating. 

It does not appear the facility was RCRA-permitted.

Description of Contamination: Waste products from scrap iron recycling operations at 

Bingham & Taylor include cupola dust, cupola slag, and spent casting sand. The cupola dust 

emissions are considered hazardous and were mixed with other waste for stabilization and 

disposal. In 1986, Bingham & Taylor ceased onsite waste disposal. Between 1999 and 2002, 

EPA and Bingham & Taylor found elevated levels of lead in onsite surface soil. Subsurface soil, 

groundwater and offsite soil did not contain lead levels high enough to cause concern. Corrective 

action onsite included capping of 30,000 square-feet of contaminated soil with an impervious, 

bituminous asphalt cover.

The site has been capped and according to a rough estimate from Denis Zielinski, EPA Region 3 

project manager, remediation costs were approximately $500,000. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 3. “Bingham & Taylor Facility, Culpeper, Virginia: Notice of Intent to Issue a Final 

Decision under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and the Hazardous and 

Solid Waste Amendments of 1984 and Opportunity for a Public Hearing.” 27 October 

2004. 17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/publicnoticebinghamtaylor.htm.

EPA Region 3. “Bingham & Taylor facility, Culpeper, Virginia Statement of Basis.” 22 

November 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/publicnoticebinghamtaylorsob.htm.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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EPA Region 3. “Mid-Atlantic Facility Lead Program Participating Facilities.” 6 September 2005. 

17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/fl_sites.htm.

EPA Region 3. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility: Bingham & 

Taylor.” 23 December 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/va/pdf/vad003064490.pdf

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 19 January 2006.

Zielinski, Denis M. (Project Manager) (215) 814-3431, Interview 16 November 2005. 

Additional Contacts:

Denis M. Zielinski, EPA Region 3 Project Manager, (215) 814-3431, zielinski.denis@epa.gov

Maria Williams, VA DEQ, (804) 698-4211, mswilliams@deq.virginia.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Blue Ridge Solvents and Coatings, Inc.

EPA ID No: VAR000503656

Address: PO Box 759, Henry, Virginia 24102

County: Franklin

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Established in 2002, Blue Ridge 

Solvents & Coatings, Inc., manufactures and delivers industrial chemicals, paints, lacquers, 

thinners, powder coating, and water treatment chemicals. The company also recycles solvents 

using distillation and thin film evaporation. The facility contains storage and mixing tanks and 

solvent recovery equipment. 

On April 7, 2010 the Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Environmental Quality 

(VADEQ) conducted a compliance evaluation of the facility, and found that the facility had 

failed to maintain records required under its permit. These records include monthly inspections 

for the fabric filter, logs of monitoring device observations for the thin film evaporator and 

microwave distillation unit, monthly and annual Hazardous Air Pollutant and Volatile Organic 

Compound (VOC) emissions, and scheduled and non-scheduled maintenance and operator 

training. The facility agreed to pay a $7,826 fine to settle the violations. A fire occurred at the 

facility on June 4, 2010, causing property damage and requiring the evacuation of nearby homes. 

Description of Contamination: On June 4, 2010 a fire started occurred in a mixing room, 

resulting in explosions from propane cylinders and chemicals. Firefighters extinguished the blaze 

within two hours. No injuries were reported. The fire was contained to the mixing room, which is 

a block and concrete building with a steel roof. A portion of the roof collapsed, but the storage 

tanks inside the room held their contents. Adjacent sections of the building sustained smoke and 

water damage. 

Twenty residents who lived within a quarter-mile of the facility were evacuated from their homes 

and taken to emergency shelters for about two hours while firefighters battled the fire.

USEPA Region III and VADEQ are considering whether additional information or sampling at 

the facility is required or if corrective action is required by the facility. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information:

1. Commonwealth of Virginia Department of Environmental Quality. State Air Pollution 

Control Board Enforcement Action – Order by Consent Issued to Blue Ridge Solvents & 

Coatings, Inc. 24 June 2010. 

http://www.deq.virginia.gov/export/sites/default/enforcement/finalordersII/BRSCJune28

2010.pdf

2. Wagoner, K.A. The Franklin News Post. “BREAKING NEWS: Fire forces evacuation of 

20 Henry residents.” 4 June 2010. 

http://www.thefranklinnewspost.com/article.cfm?ID=16449

3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. “Blue Ridge Solvents and Coatings.” 28 June 

2010. http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/va/pdf/vad003124625.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Boro Auto Wreckers, Inc.

EPA ID No.: NJD091397299

Address: 2271 Hamilton Blvd., South Plainfield, NJ 07080

County: Middlesex

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Boro Auto Wreckers site is a 4-acre 

site operating as an auto salvage and scrap metal recycling facility since 1935. The property was

owned and operated by Fred and Carol Errickson who recycled all types of scrap metal from 

tanks, appliances, automobiles, etc. The metal was crushed, stripped of non-metallic materials, 

weighted and shipped off-site for recycling. Ferrous and non-ferrous scrap metals were 

stockpiled in the open yard along with other soil and debris. 

Borro Auto failed to complete necessary remedial investigations and actions required by a 1990 

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) administrative consent order, a 

1997 judicial consent order, and a 2003 NJDEP administrative consent order. In 2004, the New 

Jersey Supreme Court, directed Boro Auto Wrecking to cease operations. It also allowed the 

NJDEP access to the site for 18 months to clean up the contaminated scrap yard. In addition, the 

court ordered Boro Auto to pay NJDEP a penalty of $25,250. In 2004, NJDEP authorized 

$500,000 to begin publicly funded testing and cleanup work at the Boro site. 

Description of Contamination: Stained and oil saturated soils and discharges of petroleum 

products were first identified by the South Plainfield Health Department in 1984. Since this 

initial inspection, there have been numerous inspections by local health and representatives 

revealing extensive soil contamination and hazardous discharges on-site as well as contaminated 

storm water discharges offsite. Groundwater contaminants have included volatile organic 

compounds generally associated with petroleum hydrocarbon contamination and gasoline 

constituents such as benzene, toluene, xylenes, and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). Soil 

contaminants have included widespread polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) contamination at levels 

in excess of 50 ppm, heavy metal contamination (primarily lead) and widespread petroleum 

hydrocarbon contamination, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Contaminated soil 

piles currently exist onsite and are being characterized and removed by NJDEP contractors. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 2. Email Correspondence with Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

31 October 2005. 

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “Court Allows Clean-up of Scrap yard to 

Begin.” 9 February 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/newsrel/2005/05_0011.htm

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “DEP Seeks Scrap Yard Shut Down and 

Cleanup” 13 December 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/newsrel/2004/04_0141.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Boulden Incorporated

EPA ID No.: MDD980550198

Address: 895 Nottingham Road, Elkton, MD 21921

County: Cecil

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Boulden Incorporated operated a smallscale parts cleaning and solvent recovery business at the site. The site consisted of aboveground 

and underground storage tanks, storage space, and a distillation building with solvent distillation 

equipment. Contamination resulted from the storage of recycled solvents at the site prior to 1998. 

The business shut down in the early 1990s. The facility had a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: In 1994, Boulden signed a consent order with EPA Region 3 for 

RCRA Corrective Action and closure of the facility, due to contamination of on-site soils. 

Cleanup actions performed at Boulden consisted of: removal of all above ground storage tanks, 

distillation building and associated equipment; excavation and closure of two underground 

storage tanks; removal of all contaminated soil; soil and groundwater sampling. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 3 - RCRA Baseline Facilities. “Boulden Incorporated.” (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/md/pdf/mdd980550198.pdf

Martinez, Wanda (Project Manager) (215) 814-3434, Interview 16 November 2005. 

USEPA. “Boulden Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000907724

USEPA. “Boulden Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 12 January 2005. 20 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Wanda Martinez, EPA Region 3 Project Manager, (215) 814-3434, martinez.wanda@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Breslube-Penn, Inc.

EPA ID No.: PADO89667695

Address: 84 Montour Rd., Coraopolis, PA 15108

County: Allegheny

NPL Site: Final: 06/17/1996

In CERCLIS Database: 0301139

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In the mid-1970s, American Tallow and 

Wiseman Oil Companies conducted operations at this site. American Tallow operated a meatrendering business and discontinued operations at the facility around 1977. Wiseman Oil 

Company operated a waste oil processing and reclamation facility at the site. Used oils were rerefined into fuel oils and sold to residual fuel users. Wiseman Oil also manufactured lubricating 

oil from the used oils for a short period of time during its operation of the facility. A filtering 

agent clay was generated as a residue from the filter during this process. The filter cake was 

stockpiled in the southwestern portion of the property. In February 1981, sampling of 

accumulated sludge material within the diked areas surrounding the on-site oil storage tanks 

indicated elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Wiseman Oil and American 

Tallow had operated a lagoon in the southwestern end of the property. Oily plating waste from a 

Westinghouse plant in New Jersey was allegedly disposed in this lagoon. Runoff from the lagoon 

and spillage onto the ground throughout the property caused ground water contamination. The 

lagoon was backfilled in 1979 but the waste was not removed from the lagoon. Breslube-Penn 

Inc. acquired the property and facility in 1982 after Wiseman Oil declared bankruptcy. BreslubePenn continued waste oil reprocessing operations during which time contamination occurred. 

The company built tanks on the former location of Wiseman's lagoon and also constructed a 

lubricating oil reprocessing plant. The filter cake from this operation was generally collected in a 

roll-off box and disposed both off and on site. Breslube-Penn discontinued fuel oil reprocessing 

in 1986. The facility was utilized as a waste oil transfer station from 1986 through late 1991 

when operations at the facility ceased. Three tanks were installed for use in oil transferring 

operations.

Description of Contamination: A sampling site inspection was conducted at the facility in 

October 1988. Samples collected from the staged contaminated soil area, the filter cake area, and 

other areas on site revealed elevated concentrations of volatile and semivolatile organic 

compounds (VOCs and SVOCs), PCBs, and several inorganic compounds, including cyanide. 

Downgradient groundwater samples contained volatile and semivolatile contaminants and PCBs. 

Samples collected from the two on-site wells indicated elevated levels of VOCs. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information: 

Pennsylvania Department of Health Under Cooperative Agreement with the Agency for Toxic 

Substances and Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment Breslube-Penn Inc., 

Superfund Site.” 14 May 1997. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/breslube/bre_toc.html

USEPA. “Breslube-Penn Inc.” CERCLIS. 7 December 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0301139

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Breslube-Penn, Inc.” August 2005. 22 January 2006. 

http://epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PAD089667695/index.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Breslube-Penn, Inc.” 17 June 1996. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0301139.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Marjorie Easton (OSC) (304) 234-0251

Bhupendra Khona (RPM) (215) 814-3213 

Larry C. Johnson (RPM) (215) 814-3239
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Cal West Metals

EPA ID No.: NMD097960272

Address: I-25 & US 60 & 85 W Frontage, Lemitar, NM 87823

County: Socorro

NPL Site: Deleted:12/20/1996

In CERCLIS Database: 0604050

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Cal West Metals site is located

one-half mile northwest of Lemitar and approximately 8 miles north of Socorro in Socorro 

County, New Mexico. The site is bounded on the east by a frontage road for US Interstate 25. 

The Interstate is located approximately 250 feet east of the site. Land use is predominantly 

agricultural and residential. There are three households located within 1,100 feet south of the 

site. The Cal West Metals site is a former battery breaking and recycling facility. 

The Cal West property includes approximately 43.8 acres, of which 12.5 acres are fenced. Site 

operations were located within the fenced area. The site consisted of two evaporation ponds, 

three facility buildings, earth berms, soil and battery waste piles, a concrete surface pad, and a 

salvage area. Albert and James LaPoint operated the Cal West Metal battery recycling facility 

and secondary lead smelter. From 1979 to 1981, the facility processed an estimated 20,000 

automobile batteries to recover lead, plastics, and hard rubber components for commercial sale. 

Lead acid batteries were crushed on-site and the batteries were separated into plastics, hard 

rubber, and lead oxides. Floatation and centrifugation in a rotating separator drum separated the 

plastics, hard rubber, and lead fraction. Water was recycled through the separator drum and 

ultimately discharged to the lined pond along with waste sludge. After the discharge line became 

plugged, sludge was disposed of on the concrete surface pad adjacent to the cotton gin building. 

Piles of crushed battery components, in various stages of separation, were stored outdoors from 

the start of operations to approximately 1989. The broken battery piles were stored inside the 

central building and stockpiled on the concrete pad adjacent (west) to this building. Cal West has 

been the subject of numerous State and Federal investigations and regulatory actions since 1979. 

Preliminary investigations were conducted by NMED, USEPA, and the LaPoints from 1981 

through 1989.

Description of Contamination: Elevated levels of lead were found in soil, sediment, and 

groundwater. The primary contaminants of concern affecting the battery waste piles, soil, 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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sediment, and debris are organics, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and metals, 

including arsenic and lead. In addition, about 300 drums containing lead oxide and sulfuric acid 

were identified. 

In August 1986, USEPA issued an order to the owner/operators under Section 3008(a) of RCRA 

for failure to operate and maintain the facility in compliance with RCRA hazardous waste 

management requirements.

The selected remedial action for this site included excavating, consolidating, and treating an 

estimated 15,000 cubic yards of contaminated battery waste materials, soil, and sediment onsite 

using stabilization/solidification; disposing of the treated materials in the southwest corner of the 

fenced area and capping the disposal area with cement and a 12-inch soil cover; decontaminating 

onsite buildings and equipment; and sampling ground water. The estimated present worth cost 

for this remedial action, according to a 9/29/1992 Superfund Record of Decision was 

$1,557,000, which includes an annual maintenance cost of $5,000 for 30 years.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 6. “Cal West Metals Superfund Site Profile.” 13 January 2006. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/0604050.pdf

Hendricks, Ashley and Sara Lubchenco. “Analysis and Remediation Plan for Lead 

Contamination at the Cal West Site in Lemitar, NM.” L & H Environmental Engineering. 

(n.d.). 18 January 2006. http://www.ees.nmt.edu/EPSCoR/GIS_class/Ashley&SaraL.doc

USEPA. “Cal West Metals (USSBA).” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0604050

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Cal West Metals (USSBA).” 29 September 1992. 

18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0692077.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Cal West Metals (USSBA).” 13 March 1989. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0604050.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Sairam Appaji (RPM) (214) 665-3126 

Ladonna Walker (SAM) (214) 665-6666

Don Williams (RPM) (214) 665-2197
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Callaway & Son Drum Service

EPA ID No.: FLD094590916

Address: 890 East Lake Alfred Drive, Lake Alfred, FL 33850

County: Polk

NPL Site: Final: 5/11/00

In CERCLIS Database: 0400792

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Callaway & Son Drum Service was a 

family business that operated from 1977 until its abandonment in 1991, as a refurbisher and 

reseller of used 55-gallon oil and citrus drums. Operations ceased in February 1991 when the 

facility came to the attention of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) 

after an application was submitted to operate and construct an industrial wastewater treatment 

and disposal system for discharge of rinse water used in its drum cleaning process. In December 

1994, CSDS was auctioned and sold due to back taxes. The site contains an office building, a 

drum cleaning structure, and a sandblasting/painting structure all in dilapidated condition. There 

is also a 45,000 sq. ft. percolation pond that was located on site. At its peak, the operation 

processed 500 open-top citrus drums and 20 spent oil/solvents drums per day. In 1983, owners 

estimated that there were more than 60,000 drums on site.

Description of Contamination: Contaminants include 1,2-dichloroethene, tetrachloroethene 

(PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), xylene and vinyl chloride. All of these can be attributed to the 

drum-processing activities. The drums were washed and the contents were dumped into storage 

ponds. Cleanup activities have been very difficult because of the difficulty in targeting the wide 

variety of contaminants at the site. USEPA removed 2,500 empty/partially empty drums from the 

site during clean up in 2001. USEPA is developing a proposed plan to remediate the site’s 

contaminated areas. The site owner at the time of contamination (Ronald Callaway) is deceased 

and generator PRPs are currently trying to be identified. The site was sold at a tax sale in 2004 to 

Don Livingston. A supplemental remedial investigation and feasibility study may be conducted, 

as well as a remedial action because of pesticides being found in the soil. The finalization of the 

site’s remedial plan will take approximately 2 years, and should be completed by 2006. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 31 October 

2005.

Jackson, Galo (RPM) 404-562-8937, Interview 11/21/2005
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Callaway & Son Drum Service.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 27 October 2005.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400792

USEPA. “Callaway & Son Drum Service.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 

2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009273151

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Callaway & Son Drum Service.” 12 December 2005. 19 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplfls/callawfl.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Callaway & Son Drum Service.” 11 May 2000. 19 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0400792.pdf

USEPA. “Potential Reuse Success Fact Sheet: Callaway & Son Drum Service.” October 2004. 

19 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/reuse/fl/callawaypotent.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Randall Chaffins (RPM) (404) 562-8929

Galo Jackson (RPM) (404) 562-8937

Jennifer Wendel (RPM) (404) 562-8799

Tanya Floyd (Region 4) 404-562-9813
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Carter Industrials, Inc.

EPA ID No.: MID980274179

Address: 4690 Humboldt, Detroit, MI 48208

County: Wayne

NPL Site: Deleted 3/25/1997

In CERCLIS Database: 0502729

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1966 to 1986, the 3.6 acre site 

was used to store and salvage scrap metal. The facility changed ownership several times during 

this period. A portion of the scrap metal items accepted at the Carter Industrials site included 

electrical capacitors and transformers. On-site facilities include a furnace for melting aluminum, 

a furnace for melting copper, a brick warehouse, and an office building. Numerous unsheltered 

piles of scrap metal and equipment were found throughout the yard. 

On July 3, 1984, a fire broke out on the west side of the property in an area of wooden pallets 

and scrap iron mounds. After noting several transformers in the area of the fire, the city asked 

the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) and the fire marshall's office to 

investigate potential exposure to PCBs in the transformer oil. Oil was found near the fire area 

and near the base of three large transformers. Other transformers on the west side proved to be 

empty. Four soil samples were taken from various locations, including near the office and 150 

feet south of the end of Humboldt Road, to measure background levels. PCBs ranged from 31 to 

2,430 parts per million. Except for the areas noted, no conclusive evidence of oil storage or 

dumping was discovered on the west side of the property. However, other areas were not 

investigated.

Description of Contamination: In 1986, extensive soil contamination was identified at the site. 

The primary contaminants of concern affecting soil and debris were organics including PCBs 

and metals including arsenic, cadmium, and lead. During salvage operations at the site, 

dielectric fluids, containing PCBs, were spilled from electrical capacitors and transformers, 

contaminating onsite soil. Commercial, municipal, and residential properties adjacent to the site 

were contaminated by direct runoff of spilled material; contaminated storm water runoff; windblown dust; and tracking of spilled material and contaminated soils by vehicular traffic. In May 

1986, barrels of used PCB oil were found stored on-site in and around scrap metal piles. Oil 

leaking from the barrels contained as much as 50 percent PCBs. Additional sampling in June 

1986 indicated that contamination had spread well beyond the Carter Industrials property, 

including into backyards of nearby residences. 
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According to an estimate in a USEPA Record of Decision, costs for the remedial action 

amounted to $19,508.00. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 5. “NPL Fact Sheets for Michigan: Carter Industrials, Inc.” June 2005. 19 February 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/michigan/MID980274179.htm

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision Amendment: Carter Industrials, Inc.” 28 

February 1995. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/a0595284.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Carter Industrials, Inc.” 18 September 1991. 19 

February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0591169.pdf

USEPA. “Federal Register Notice: Notice of Deletion of the Carter Industrials Site, Michigan 

from the National Priorities List (NPL).” 25 March 1997. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/d970325.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Carter Industrials, Inc.” 31 March 1989. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0502729.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Carter Industrials, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 

19 February 2006. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0502729

Additional Contacts: 

Linda Howard (RPM) (312) 886-0810

Jennifer Ostermeier (CIC) (312) 353-0618
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Site Information

Site Name: Century 21 Paints

EPA ID No.: OHD051413078

Address: 166 South Meridian Road, Austintown, OH 44515

County: Mahoning

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: OHD051413078

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Century 21 Paints was a paint retailer, 

reformulator and distributor. It accepted unused paint wastes to recycle or rework.

Description of Contamination: On August 9, 1998, a major fire occurred at the site. More than 

100,000 paint containers and numerous pallets of asphalt shingles were damaged in the blaze. 

Paint was also found buried on the site. On August 17, 1998, EPA Region 5 and Ohio 

Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA) began cleanup at the site. The soil at the site was 

contaminated. In July 2001, Century 21 Paint was required to pay $120,000 to the Hazardous 

Substance Superfund for recovery of past response costs at the site. 

Sources of Information: 

Federal Register (Volume 66, Number 140) Page 37963. “Proposed CERCLA Administrative 

Cost Recovery Settlement; Budd Brothers, d/b/a Century 21 Paint, Inc.” 20 July 2001. 25 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2001/July/Day-20/f18192.htm

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “Century 21 Paint.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 18 January 2006. 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110006427919

USEPA. “US EPA Region 5 1998 News Releases.” 1998. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/news/1998news_release_archive.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Joseph Freddle (OSC) (440) 250-1740

Leo Rosales (EPA) (312) 353-6198 

Jennifer Peterson (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2160

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: CFF Recycling Titanium Fire

EPA ID No.: TXN000605636

Address: 7501 Wallaceville Rd, Houston, TX 77020

County: Harris

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0605636

Description of Contamination: On November 15, 2003, a fire broke out at the CFF Recycling 

facility as a result of cutting titanium rods in a heat exchanger with a plasma torch. The titanium 

fire could not be extinguished and the fire was left to burn itself out. Upon arrival, Houston 

HazMat determined from information provided by the PRP that the fire was emitting a hazardous 

plume. The fire burned itself out and CFF Recycling committed to cleaning up the surrounding 

area. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “CFF Recycling Titanium Fire.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006.

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605636

USEPA. “CFF Recycling Titanium Fire.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 20 January 2006.

www.epaosc.net/CFFRecycling

Additional Contacts:

Rita Engblom (OSC) engblom.rita@epa.gov

Jon Rinehart (SAM) (214) 665-6789
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Chemetco

EPA ID No.: ILD048843809

Address: 3754 Chemetco, Hartford, IL, 62048

County: Madison

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: ILD048843809

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Chemetco site in Hartford, Illinois, 

is a former secondary copper smelter that operated from 1969 to 2001. Smelting operations 

occupied 41 acres of the 230 acre property. Chemetco's major function was recycling or 

secondary processing of copper-bearing scrap and manufacturing residues. This process 

produced waste byproducts such as slag, zinc oxide (scrubber sludge), and spent refractory brick. 

The facility ceased operations on October 31, 2001, and Chemetco filed for Chapter 7 

bankruptcy on November 13, 2001. On December 7, 2001 the Illinois Environmental Protection 

Agency (Illinois EPA) issued an order to restrict site access.

Description of Contamination: On September 12, 1986, the Illinois EPA issued Chemetco a 

permit allowing construction and operation of a stormwater runoff control system. Later that 

month, contract laborers hired by Chemetco installed this system, and pursuant to Chemetco's 

instructions, also installed an unpermitted discharge pipe on Chemetco's property running to an 

unnamed ditch tributary. This discharge did not appear in any blueprint or drawing kept by 

Chemetco. Chemetco used this discharge to release wastewater containing toxic metals such as 

lead and cadmium until September 18, 1996, when it was discovered by U.S. EPA and Illinois 

EPA agents.

Contaminated storm water was apparently discharged for approximately 10 years. Discovery of 

the unpermitted discharge led to a criminal investigation by the State Police, the FBI and others, 

and prosecution by the U.S. Attorney's Office. Four Chemetco employees, including the plant 

manager, pleaded guilty to charges of violating the Clean Water Act and making false statements 

to government agencies. The company was fined $3.86 million and put on five years probation.

After discovery of the discharge, Chemetco impounded visible zinc oxide waste and attempted to 

remediate it. After lengthy technical negotiations, the Illinois EPA approved the last of several 

closure proposals submitted by Chemetco. In October 2000, Chemetco received a Remedial 

Action Plan Permit to treat the waste, and treatment began in December 2000. The treatment did 

not work and in January 2001, Chemetco began shipping the waste to a hazardous waste landfill. 

Between January and July 2001, about 5,800 tons of hazardous soil were sent to a permitted 

hazardous waste landfill and several hundred tons of non-hazardous soil were sent to local 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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RCRA Subtitle D landfills. Chemetco maintained the remaining impoundments met regulatory 

standards but confirmation sampling information was never submitted to the Illinois EPA.

Sediments contamination in Long Lake is an ongoing environmental issue. In May 1998, U.S.

EPA found extremely high levels of lead and cadmium in the lake sediment. In June 2000, 

Chemetco sampled Long Lake sediments and found hazardous levels of cadmium up to 900 feet 

downstream of its zinc oxide impoundment. Though Chemetco claimed these levels were from a 

source other than their discharge, they provided no information identifying this "other source."

Approximately 452,254 cubic yards of waste slag material have been stockpiled on the northeast 

corner of the facility property. Approximately 62,204 cubic yards of zinc oxide (scrubber sludge) 

has been identified as being located in five separate areas on the Chemetco property, including a 

2.5 acre concrete bunker located at the north end of the facility. Elevated levels of cadmium, 

copper and lead have been found in the waste slag material and the zinc oxide.

Elevated levels of cadmium, copper and lead have been found in the sediments collected from 

the wetlands and Long Lake downstream of Chemetco.

Sources of Information:

1. IEPA. IEPA Orders Bankrupt Smelter Site Sealed Chemetco Inc. subject to $3.86 million 

fine. Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.state.il.us/environmentalprogress/v26/n4/sealed-smelter.html

2. United States v. Chemetco Incorporated. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-7th-circuit/1004851.html

3. USEPA. Federal Registry System, Facility Detail Report. Chemetco. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=ILD04

8843809&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=BR

4. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Chemetco, Thonotosassa, Florida. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1808.htm

5. USEPA. Superfund Site Progress Profile, Chemetco. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0500342
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Chemical and Pigment Company

EPA ID No.: CAD009159476

Address: 600 Nichols Road, Bay Point, CA

County: Contra Costa 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Beginning in 1960 this facility 

processed zinc from galvanizing waste (zinc fines and dust containing trace metal contaminants) 

to manufacture agricultural products, such as fertilizers and soil amendments. The zinc fines 

contained metals including lead, cadmium, and copper. 

On November 5, 1997, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) issued 

an administrative enforcement action against the facility for violations of the California 

Hazardous Waste Control Law. The enforcement action was resolved by a Stipulation and Order, 

effective March 16, 1998, which required the company to pay $50,000 in penalties. In addition, 

DTSC determined that in order for the facility to continue its operations, a hazardous waste 

facility permit would be required. Although the facility submitted a standardized permit 

application in 1998, the facility ceased operations after filing for bankruptcy. It was an 

unpermitted hazardous waste facility.

The site consists of eight buildings and other process equipment, a capped surface impoundment 

and approximately 15,000 cubic yards of contaminated soil that has been stockpiled on site. The 

site is completely fenced with an access gate on both the east and north sides. State funds are 

being used to investigate the property. 

Contamination and Relationship to Recycling at the Site: In 1978, a surface impoundment 

was built to contain fluid by-products of the manufacturing process. In 1996 the surface 

impoundment was capped in-place. In January 2002, DTSC’s Emergency Response Unit took 

measures to stabilize the site and protect public health and the environment. These measures 

included, covering the soil pile, putting locks on the gates, repairing holes in the fence, putting 

hay bales around the site, removing abandoned chemicals that remained in the company 

laboratory, removing all liquid waste from the tanks, and removing drummed and bagged waste 

from the property.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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In October 2002, DTSC issued an Imminent and Substantial Endangerment Determination and 

Order which gave DTSC the ability to conduct additional investigation and cleanup activities at 

the site. In December 2002, DTSC collected samples from the storm water runoff and found 

elevated levels of lead and zinc. In January 2003, a storm water treatment system was installed to 

collect and treat the rainwater which accumulates on the site. The water is treated to remove the 

contaminants and discharges into a sanitary sewer under a permit from the Delta Diablo 

Sanitation district.

Future cleanup actions include plans to stockpile soil and off-site disposal. The estimated volume 

of the contaminated soil stockpile to be treated is 15,000 cubic yards.

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances and Control. “Chemical & Pigment Site Fact Sheet.” 

May 2003. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Projects/upload/Chemical-Pigment_FS.pdf

State of California Environmental Protection Agency Department of Toxic Substances Control. 

“Docket No. IS&E 02/03-005: Imminent and Substantial Endangerment Determination 

And Order.” 18 October 2002. 23 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Projects/upload/Chemical-PigmentCo_ISE_Order.pdf

USEPA. “Chemical and Pigment Company A Division of ESI Chem.” Envirofacts Data 

Warehouse. (n.d.) 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002635738

Additional Contacts:

Jayantha Randeni, DTSC Project Manager, (510) 540-3806
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name:

EQ Resource Recovery (also known as Chemical Recovery 

System Inc. and Chemical Recovery Systems Inc.)

EPA ID No.: MID060975844

Address: 36345 Van Born Road, Romulus, MI 48174

County: Wayne

NPL Site No

In CERCLIS Database: 0502571

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The EQ Resource Recovery site is a 

hazardous waste facility that has been in operation since 1957, and is licensed by Michigan 

Department of Environmental Quality (MI DEQ). The site was assessed and inspected by 

USEPA in 1983, and then archived in 1991. The “archive” designation indicated that the site had 

no further interest under the Federal Superfund Program based on available information. EQ 

Resource Recovery blended liquid waste solvents to create fuel used to fire industrial operations 

such as cement kilns. 

On August 9, 2005, an accidental combination of hazardous liquid wastes caused a storage tank 

to explode and then set off a chain reaction of fires in 29 surrounding tanks and a building 

containing 400 55-gallon drums of flammable liquids. USEPA Region 5 responded to the 

explosion and fire, approximately 900 residents were evacuated, nearby businesses were closed, 

and Van Born Road was closed. Of the facility’s approximately 50 above-ground storage tanks, 

ranging in size up to 15,000 gallons, 32 were impacted by the fire/explosion. In addition, a 

propylene glycol re-boiler and a drum pad with overhead canopy and approximately 400 drums 

of various products were destroyed. Nearby residents reported that metallic debris fell into their 

yards and pools. As of August 2006, sources indicate that the cause of the fire was still unknown.

The site was reopened as a CERCLA site in the aftermath of the fire in August 2005. On October 

20, 2005, USEPA issued a Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent executed by EQ 

Resource Recovery, Inc. Under the agreement, EQ Resource Recovery performed cleanup 

activities and paid $34,843.93 for costs incurred by USEPA as of September 13, 2005, and 

agreed to pay response costs paid by USEPA after that date.

Description of Contamination: Workers and nearby residents reported, through the media and 

Michigan’s Toxics Hotline, immediate and acute health effects from the flames and smoke, such 

as smoke inhalation and burning skin. However, the effects were not deemed to be lasting or 

chronic health effects. A health consultation report by theU.S. Department of Health and Human 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Services concluded: “The explosion and fire at the facility posed an urgent public health hazard, 

warranting the evacuation that was ordered by local officials. Concentrations of volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs) in the air, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soot, and metals in 

soot and debris posed no apparent short-term public health hazard. Additionally, any residual 

contaminant concentrations pose no apparent current or future public health hazard.” Further 

explanation indicates that “when compared to acute exposure screening levels ... all detected 

chemicals were well below acceptable levels, indicating that no harm would be expected during 

short-term exposure.” However, the consultation states that three patients were receiving followup medical care from the incident as of October 2005.

A Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) Emergency Removal was started August 9, 2005, and 

completed September 16, 2005. On September 12, 2005, EQ contractors worked on clearing 

debris from the drum pad and tank containment area. On September 13, 2005, EQ contractors 

continued to remove debris from the drum pad and began power washing the remaining concrete 

pads with water. On September 14, 2005, EQ contractors completed the removal actions on-site. 

Power washing of the concrete pad was completed, and all damaged tanks were cut up and 

placed into rolloff boxes for disposal. 

USEPA conducted air monitoring during their response efforts on August 9, 2005, and continued 

air monitoring on August 10-14, 2005 using a variety of methods. USEPA tested for VOCs, 

hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, oxygen and lower explosive limit. Air monitoring was 

concluded at the end of the day on August 14, and once all samples were analyzed, all 

contaminant levels were found to be below health concern limits. Analysis of metallic debris 

samples found metals contaminant levels to be below health concern limits. 

Sources of Information:

Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MI DEQ). “Understanding the Results of 

Sampling from the EQ Fire in Romulus, Michigan.” 26 September 2005. 15 February 

2008. http://www.michigan.gov/documents/EQ_Data_Results_Factsheet_137513_7.pdf

Tetra Tech EM, Inc. “EQ Resource Recovery Fire Site: Romulus County, Michigan.” Prepared 

for USEPA Region 5 Emergency Response Branch. 7 September 2005. 14 February 

2008. http://www.epa.gov/Region5/sites/eqfire/pdfs/romulus-fire-report20050907c.pdf

US Department of Health and Human Services. “Health Consultation: EQ Resource Recovery 

Explosion and Fire.” 1 March 2006. 19 February 2008. 

http://www.michigan.gov/documents/EQResourceRecoveryHC030106_153643_7.pdf. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “EQ Resource Recovery Fire.” CERCLIS. 16 October 2007. 14 February 2008. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0502571

USEPA. “EQ Resource Recovery.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 15 February 2008. 

http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=1785

USEPA. “EQ Resource Recovery.” Pollution Report Profile. (n.d.). 15 February 2008. 

http://www.epaosc.net/polrep_profile.asp?site_id=1785

USEPA Region 5. “EQ Resource Recovery Fire Site.” 28 March 20071. 4 February 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region5/sites/eqfire/index.htm

USEPA Region 5 Regional Counsel. “Enforcement Action Summary FY 2006 – November.” 21 

November 2005. 16 February 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region5/orc/enfactions/enfactions2006/week-1105.htm
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Site Information

Site Name: Chem-Solv, Inc. 

EPA ID No.: DED98071414

Address: 176A N. Dupont Highway, Dover, DE 19901

County: Kent

NPL Site: Final: 8/30/90

In CERCLIS Database: 0300124

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Chem-Solv, Inc. distilled spent solvents 

at this 1.5-acre site between 1982 and 1984. To recycle solvents, drummed wastes were heated 

over an electric coil heater and distilled solvents were then collected in clean drums. Distilled 

solvents were sold to customers, and residues from the distillation process were stored onsite as 

RCRA-regulated hazardous waste.

Description of Contamination: An explosion and fire in 1984 destroyed the Chem-Solv 

recycling facility. Witnesses saw fluids flowing out of the facility, off of a concrete pad. After 

the fire, high concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly trichloroethene 

(TCE), were found in the Columbia aquifer beneath the site. 

In 1985, the state excavated and treated 1,300 cubic yards of contaminated soil using a process 

that passes air through the soil to remove VOCs. This process reduced the contaminant 

concentrations to levels that permitted the soil to be returned to the excavated area. The state also 

installed a groundwater recovery system which it operated from 1985 to 1988. The extraction of 

contaminated groundwater reduced TCE concentrations in the Columbia aquifer beneath the site 

from the 200-300 parts per million (ppm) range to the 1 ppm range.

Groundwater recovery and treatment operations began in 1997. Following the treatment of 48 

million gallons of contaminated ground water, pumping was conditionally terminated based on 

substantial improvement in groundwater quality and the improbability of exposure to site 

contaminants. USEPA identified increasing levels of TCE in two site monitoring wells and 

notified the potentially responsible parties (PRPs) of the need to resume groundwater pumping 

and treatment. In addition to the pump and treat operations, the PRPs will continue to perform 

the required ground water monitoring at domestic, recovery and monitoring wells until the 

cleanup levels are achieved.

In 1995, TCE was found down gradient of the former Chem-Solv facility. New, deeper wells 

were dug for area residents, tapping into a deeper aquifer. More than 114 million gallons of 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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contaminated groundwater has been extracted and treated from the site, and concentrations of 

TCE in the Columbia aquifer have lessened by 90 percent. Cleanup construction at this site was 

completed in 1998. 

Capital costs for cleanup were estimated between $110,000 and $234,000, Annual O&M were 

estimated at $57,000 to $148,000 and the present worth was estimated between $660,000 and 

$686,000. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 3. “Current Site Information: Chem-Solv, Inc.” June 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/DED980714141.htm

EPA Region 3 Superfund Fact Sheet. “EPA Completes Construction at Chem-Solv Superfund 

Site.” June 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/DED980714141/fs/1999-06.htm

USEPA. “Chem-Solv, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005989038

USEPA. “Chem-Solv.” CERCLIS. 14 December 2005. 18 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0300124

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Chem-Solv, Inc.” 31 March 1992. 

18 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0392146.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Bonnie Gross (EPA Remedial Project Manager) (215) 814-3229, gross.bonnie@epa.gov

Vance Evans (Community Involvement Coordinator) (800) 553-2509 or (215) 814-5526,

evans.vance@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Chief Supply/Greenway Environmental

EPA ID No.: OK0000605385/OKD089761290

Address: Rt. 2 Box 71, Haskell, OK 74436

County: Wagoner

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0605385

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The 18 acre site is an inactive RCRA 

treatment, storage, and recycling facility that operated from 1977 to 2000. The site originally 

operated under the name of Chief Chemical and Supply Company until 1997 when it closed 

down following an explosion at the facility caused by mixing incompatible chemicals. The site 

also declared bankruptcy at that time. The site re-opened under the name of Greenway 

Environmental in 1998 and continued operations until abandoning the facility sometime in 2000 

when it could not obtain RCRA permits. The facility currently has several vacant office trailers, 

a shop building, a large main processing building, two above ground storage tanks (reactors), 

two sheet metal buildings, fifteen empty tanks, four 18-Wheeler Trailers, three Roll-Off boxes 

containing various wastes, and several drums, tanks and other debris in an open field referred to 

as the "bone yard." Operations at the facility primarily included the treatment, storage, and 

recycling of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Early operations at the site consisted of 

solvent and oil recycling, hazardous waste storage, paint stripping, and drum cleaning. 

Hazardous materials processed at the facility include petroleum-based solvents as well as spent 

halogenated solvents, contaminated soil and debris. Prior to 1998, Chief Supply reported 

receiving minor amounts of zinc phosphate, phosphoric acid, mercury, selenium, and asbestos. 

Most of the wastes were stored in containers, roll-off boxes, and tank trucks. When Greenway 

Environmental took over operations at the site, they took hazardous liquids, including paint 

wastes and solvents, and blended them into fuel, which was transported out of state for use in 

cement kilns and other industrial uses. 

Description of Contamination: The 1997 fire, which killed an employee and heavily damaged 

the facility, was the result of improper storage and mixture of wastes. Following the fire, 

environmental samples detected chlorinated solvents, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene 

contamination. A RCRA Permit was issued in February 1994 after the first permit, which was 

issued in October 1984, expired in October 1989. In December 2003, the Oklahoma Department 

of Environmental Quality reached a settlement with Frontier Insurance Company in 

Rehabilitation, Greenway’s financial assurance provider, for a one-time $175,000 settlement. 

The money was used for waste removal at the site. After the site was abandoned, there were 
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numerous reports of break-ins at the site and as much as 33,000 gallons of hazardous waste 

remain onsite with many deteriorating containers holding unknown contents. Some of the waste 

streams identified on the site in 2004 included organic liquids, chlorinated liquids and sludge, 

trash, paint solids with mercury, and household and pesticide aerosols. 

Sources of Information: 

Hailes, Cindy (405) 702-5218, Interview 7 December 2005.

Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. “The 2003 Land Report.” 10 January 2004. 18 

January 2006. http://www.deq.state.ok.us/pubs/lpd/03lndrprt.pdf

Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. “The 2004 Land Report.” 11 January 2005. 18 

January 2006. http://www.deq.state.ok.us/mainlinks/reports/landreport04.pdf

Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. “DEQ and EPA plan Greenway cleanup.” 19 

March 2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.ok.us/mainlinks/media/04news/march/Greenway.pdf

USEPA. “Chief Supply/Greenway.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605385

USEPA. “Chief Supply/Greenway.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. 21 June 2004. 18 January 

2006. www.epaosc.net/greenway

USEPA. “Greenway Environmental.” RCRA Info. 6 May 2002. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Greenway Environmen/Haskell Pit.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 18 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110014424140

USEPA. “RCRA Corrective Action News A Record of Successes.” Spring 2000. 18 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ca/resource/newsltr/canews/news0600.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Philip Ofosu (SAM): (214) 665-3178

Susan Webster (OSC): (214) 665-6784

Rita Engblom (OSC): engblom.rita@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Circle Smelting Corporation

EPA ID No.: ILD050231976

Address: State Rte 50, Beckemeyer, IL 62231

County: Clinton

NPL Site: Proposed: 6/17/1996

In CERCLIS Database: 0500350

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Circle Smelting Corporation 

facility was originally constructed on a 28 acre parcel of land in 1904 as a primary zinc smelter. 

In 1920, it was converted to a secondary smelter recovering zinc and aluminum from scrap 

metals. A Belgium retort system was used to boil zinc scrap and reclaim pure "Prime Western" 

grade zinc. The Belgium retort system was discontinued at the facility in the late 1960s; smelting 

operations continued through late 1994. During operations, waste materials were deposited 

throughout the site, while waste cinders containing lead were used in the Village of Beckemeyer 

as a surface material for walking paths, driveways, and alleys. Waste material was used over 

time to fill low-lying areas on the site including a small, shallow lake which was part of the main 

operations area. 

Description of Contamination: Soil and surface water were both contaminated by the site; the 

area of contaminated soil is approximately 21 million square feet. A 17 acre slag waste pile, up 

to 15 feet deep in some sections, has high concentrations of zinc, nickel, lead, and cadmium. 

Residual metals and coal cinders from the smelting process have contaminated soils on and off 

the property and generated air emissions that include metal oxides. Approximately 5,800 feet of 

forested wetlands north of the site had high levels of zinc resulting from contamination of a 

nearby creek. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 5. “Cleanup Work has begun at the Circle Smelting Superfund Site.” April 1999. 20 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region5/sites/circle/circle.pdf

Illinois Department of Public Health. “Public Health Assessment: Circle Smelting Corporation.”

25 January 2006.

http://www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pdf/circle%20smelting%20PHA%20final2.pdf

USEPA. “Circle Smelting Corp.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0500350
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USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Circle Smelting Corp.” 17 June 1996. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1475.htm

Additional Contacts:

Stavros Emmanouil (312) 886-1768

Zenny Sadlon (312) 886-6682
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Site Information

Site Name: Clayton Chemical Company

EPA ID No.: ILD066918327

Address: 1 Mobile Avenue, Sauget, IL 62201

County: St. Clair

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 500427

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Clayton Chemical contains a multitude 

of above ground storage tanks, process units, drum storage buildings, and an office laboratory on 

the 7.5 acre facility. Prior to 1961, the property was owned by GM&O Railroad who operated a 

roundhouse on the site. In 1961, Clayton Chemical Company leased the facility to recycle and 

recover solvents and waste oils. On May 12, 1981, the Village of Sauget deeded the site property 

to the Clayton Chemical Company, whose operations on the site continued until November of 

1996. Between 1996 and 1998, the site was operated by the Resource Recovery Group as a waste 

oil and spent solvents recycling and recovery business. Illinois EPA denied the company a 

RCRA Part B permit for the site in 1998, halting operations and any further acceptance of 

hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. 

Description of Contamination: An unspecified amount of liquid hazardous and non-hazardous 

substances remain on-site in the above ground storage tanks and associated piping, 55-gallon 

drums, and miscellaneous containers. Lead and PCBs are the primary contaminants of concern 

both on and off-site.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Clayton Chem Co.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0500427

USEPA. “Clayton Chemical Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000612533

USEPA. “Resource Recovery Group Site.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 16 January 

2006. www.epaosc.net/epaosc

Additional Contacts: 

Kevin Turner Turner.Kevin@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: CleanCare Corporation

EPA ID No.: WASFN1002182

Address: 1510 Taylor Way, Tacoma, WA 98421-4127

County: Pierce

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 1002182

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This site has been an industrial site 

since 1926. There have been several owners of the property who have used the site for disposal 

of chemical wastes, auto fluff (shredded pieces of automobile parts), and sludge. In 1975, a small 

tank farm was built on the property and it became a chemical and petroleum recycling facility in 

the late 1970s. The facility, known as the Poligen plant, was owned by Mr. Glenn Tegen, also 

owner of Lilyblad Petroleum, an oil re-refining facility. From 1974 until its abandonment in 

1999, businesses under several different names, including CleanCare, operated the site as a 

chemical, solvent, and petroleum recycling facility. The site was an interim status treatment, 

storage, disposal, (TSD) and recycling facility for off-site generated hazardous and nonhazardous wastes. When CleanCare was in operation, its function was to solidify oily sludge 

wastes originating from catch basins, sumps, and storm drains; recycle waste oils, antifreeze, and 

spent solvents; and crush used oil filters for off-site recycling by other facilities. CleanCare also 

received hazardous and Washington Department of Ecology (WDOE)-regulated dangerous 

waste. This waste was stored for transport to another TSD facility for final treatment and/or 

disposal, or was blended into hazardous waste fuel. Solvent was received and recycled as parts of 

a parts-washer program marketed to generators. CleanCare picked up the spent solvent and 

replaced it with recycled stock. CleanCare also received “paint gun wash,” solvent that was 

generally of low quality, routinely used to clean paint spray guns. This waste was sent to Sol Pro, 

an adjacent but separate TSD/recycling facility, for recycling and then returned to customers. 

Additionally, CleanCare recycled antifreeze in a dedicated distillation column. A separate 

distillation column, called the “Splitter,” along with other processing equipment, recovered oil 

from oily waste and prepared it for used oil fuel blending. 

In 1992, Clean Care began the process of obtaining a final permit to operate a treatment, storage, 

and disposal and recycling under RCRA. The final application was submitted to WDOE in 1994. 

From 1994-1999, Ecology had sent letters to CleanCare notifying them that its permit application 

still contained serious problems which prevented WDOE from approving the final application. 
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Over the years, some of the companies operating at the site have had a number of serious 

problems with handling and disposal of hazardous waste. When the facility was in operation its 

major function was to solidify oily sludge wastes originating from catch basins, sumps, and 

storm drains; recycle waste oils, antifreeze, and spent solvents; and crush oil filters for off-site 

recycling by other facilities. The CleanCare facility has four separate tank farms, two 

hazardous/dangerous waste container storage pads, and a processing area where the distillation 

of solvent, oil, and antifreeze used to occur. 

The most recent damage occurred on March 26, 1999. Approximately l,000 to 2,000 gallons of 

oily waste spilled into the on-site storm drains. The wastes flowed off-site into the Lincoln 

Avenue ditch and followed the storm drain into the Blair Waterway. To prevent further off-site 

releases, the storm drains were blocked off. WDOE inspected the site several times during 1998 

and 1999 and found many violations. In July 1999, WDOE issued a $486,000 penalty against 

CleanCare. In August 1999, CleanCare advised WDOE that it would close the business and they 

stopped taking some waste material. On November 17, 1999, CleanCare closed its doors. 

CleanCare is providing site access and historical knowledge of site activities to USEPA to help 

with the current response actions at the site.

In 2000, estimated costs were as follows: USEPA $234,100, START $563, 7000, ERRS 

$3,224,402, and Coast Guard $123,800, totaling $4,146,002. 

In September 2000, CleanCare completed its removal action. The total cost of the removal in 

2000 was $4.3 million. CleanCare had $23,000 (of a total $83,000 requirement) set aside in a 

trust fund to meet its financial assurance requirements for closure. WDOE provided $130,000 in 

the form of a remedial action grant and for one-time costs related to electrical and security

problems at the site. WDOE also continues to pay the monthly utility bills at the site, which 

range from $600 to $900 per month. Future costs associated with any further cleanup actions are 

unknown.

Description of Contamination: Water samples taken in 1999 showed the presence of low levels 

of metal, semivolatiles, and volatile constituents. Results for non-contact storm water were 

below draft noncontact storm water discharge limits. Surface soil sample results indicated the 

presence of arsenic, BTEX constituents, and polyaromatic constituents at concentrations above 

USEPA Region 10 risk-based screening preliminary remediation goals and WDOE’s MTCA 

Method A cleanup values.

In 1999, USEPA conducted an assessment of the site to document conditions that may pose a 

threat to human health and the environment. Over 1.6 million gallons of chemicals and other 
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hazardous wastes were being stored in tanks, storage containers, and drums at the 5-acre site. 

The containers were in poor condition and posed a potential threat if they should break or leak. 

The chemicals and wastes identified included regulated hazardous wastes, waste and used oil, 

antifreeze, used solvents, paint wastes, and crushed oil filters. If any of the contamination moved 

off site, it could easily get into the Blair or Hylebos Waterways.

Since December 1999, USEPA removed close to 2 million gallons of waste from the site. The 

wastes were stored in 3,630 containers, 33 aboveground storage tanks, and 19 temporary 

aboveground storage tanks. In addition, USEPA demolished four above ground storage tanks and 

installed an asphalt cap on three areas of the site covering more than 26,000 square feet. Because 

the site’s stormwater system was broken and contaminated, USEPA installed an aboveground 

stormwater management system. WDOE has agreed to take over the operation and maintenance 

of the stormwater system.

Sources of Information: 

Boyd, Andrew. Email to Amy Lile (USEPA Office of Solid Waste). 21 October 2005. 

Information from Washington Department of Ecology’s report to the state legislature in 

2002: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html

EPA Region 10 - Emergency Response Unit. “EPA Pollution Report: Clean Care Removal Site 

(CleanCare, Tacoma, Washington.” 13 October 2000. 15 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/9f3c21896330b4898825687b007a0f33/41a

cf49d06cb975a88256856005e40f2/$FILE/POLREP37FINAL.pdf

EPA Region 10 - Action Memorandum. “Request for a Removal Action, a Ceiling 

Increase, a $2 Million Exemption, a 12-Month Exemption, and a Change of Scope at the 

CleanCare Site, Tacoma, Pierce County, Washington; Site ID #6W.” 5 January 2000. 15 

January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/6ea33b02338c3a5e882567ca005d382f/41a

cf49d06cb975a88256856005e40f2/$FILE/actmem0105.pdf

USEPA. “CleanCare.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 15 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=1002182

USEPA. “CleanCare.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 15 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000620579

USEPA. “Superfund Fact Sheet: CleanCare.” January 2000. 15 January 2006. 
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http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/6ea33b02338c3a5e882567ca005d382f/41a

cf49d06cb975a88256856005e40f2/$FILE/cleanca.PDF

USEPA. “Superfund Fact Sheet: CleanCare.” December 2000. 15 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/9f3c21896330b4898825687b007a0f33/41a

cf49d06cb975a88256856005e40f2/$FILE/1100cleancare+Final.pdf

Washington State Department of Ecology. Prepared by Ross & Associates Environmental 

Environmental Consulting, LTD. “Analysis of Cleanup Obligations and Costs for

Hazardous Waste Management Facilities in Washington State – Final Report.” 

29 January 2003. 15 January 2006. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0304011.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Kerry Graber (Washington Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste/Regulatory) (360) 407-

0241
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Site Information

Site Name: College Grove Battery Chip

EPA ID No.: TNSFN0406979

Address: Arno College Grove and Horton Road, College Grove, TN 37046

County: Williamson

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406979

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Twenty or 30 years ago, battery casings 

were given away to community members and used as fill or driveway paving material. The site 

consists of residential properties that contain battery chips that were placed in driveways, around 

barns and other areas as fill material. A local lead smelting operation provided the chips to 

landowners for use as a fill or aggregate substitute in driveways, around barns, and in other 

areas. The chips were not treated to remove residual lead prior to their distribution, creating a 

lead exposure risk to residents to contacting the chips or the soil contaminated by lead washed 

from the chips. 

Description of Contamination: USEPA began a Superfund removal on June 19, 2000 including 

extensive sampling of each property to determine contaminated soil locations, excavation and 

treatment of contaminated soil, transportation and disposal of materials in a proper landfill, and 

restoration of the site (including backfill, grade, and revegetation). The removal was expected to 

be completed by June 2001 at an estimated cost of $3,000,000. Elevated lead levels were 

detected at 96 of the 109 properties. USEPA conducted removal actions at each of these 

properties, reducing lead to acceptable levels. The final project cost was approximately $7.25 

million dollars. As of May 2003, battery chips have been confirmed at 109 of the 171 properties 

evaluated in College Grove and the surrounding area. Previous sampling of some properties 

indicated elevated levels of lead in the soil.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. "EPA Superfund Removal to Begin at College Grove Battery Chip Site, College 

Grove, Tennessee." 14 June 2000. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/oeapages/00press/000614.htm

Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. "EPA Closes College Grove Field 

Office." May 2003. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.state.tn.us/environment/dsf/grovemay03.php
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Federal Register (Volume 70, Number 207). Page 61974. “College Grove Battery Chip 

Superfund Site; Notice of Proposed Settlement.” 27 October 2005. 25 January 2006. 

http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20051800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2005/05

-21459.htm

Tennessee Department of Public Health. “College Grove Battery Chip Health Consultation 

Report.” (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/collegegrove/cgr_p1.html

USEPA. “College Grove Battery Chip.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406979

Additional Contacts:

Femi Akindele (RPM) (404) 562-8809

Randy Bryant (RPM) (404) 562-8794

Loften Carr (RPM) (404) 562-8804

Tony DeAngelo (RPM) (404) 562-8826

Beth Walden (SAM) (404) 562-8814

Robert West (RPM) (404) 562-8806

Nestor Young (RPM) (404) 562-8812
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Site Information

Site Name: Columbus Steel Drum Company

EPA ID No.: OHD004291654

Address: 1385 Blatt Boulevard, Blacklick, OH 43230

County: Franklin

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Columbus Steel Drum Company, 

Inc. began operations in 1955 and its name changed to the Franklin Steel Company in 1979. The 

facility was built in 1970. Evans Industries operated the facility from 1997 through the end of 

2002, when Queen City Barrel Company leased the site. The facility is currently operated by 

Queen City Barrel and is doing business as Columbus Steel Drum. The 18-acre facility 

reconditions used 55-gallon drums for resale. Closed head drums are placed on a conveyor belt 

and transported to the process building. In the process building, the drums are cleaned with a hot 

caustic solution, rinsed, shot blasted to remove the old paint, and then repainted. Open head 

drums are turned upside down before they enter the oxidizer to drain any liquids. The oxidizer 

(furnace) burns off any residual material remaining in the drum. The open head drums are then 

sent into the process building for caustic rinse, shot blasting and repainting. 

The site does not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The soil, sediment and surface water, and ground water showed 

elevated levels of many metals as well as semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and volatile 

organic compounds (VOCs). Franklin Steel processed approximately 4,000 to 6,000 closed head 

and open head drums per day. Prior to 1986, when drum inventory was at its peak, 

approximately 450,000 "RCRA empty" (less then one inch of liquid) drums were being stored at 

the site. At that time, approximately 38 acres were being used by Franklin Steel for drum storage 

and processing; consisting of two separate 10-acre drum storage areas and the main 18-acre 

processing/drum storage area. Since 1988, only the main 18-acre drum processing facility has 

been used for the drum reconditioning operations. Currently, approximately 50,000 empty drums 

are being stored on the site. 

On February 25, 1980, there was a spill of 15,000 to 20,000 gallons of hazardous waste sludge 

from Franklin Steel's caustic clarifier, caused by an overflow of the system. The released sludge 

entered the Blacklick Creek drainage system. Sediment and surface water samples taken in 

March 1980 revealed cadmium, chromium, lead, zinc, and phenol. Sampling of the storm water 
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holding pond by Ohio EPA on December 5, 1985 indicated elevated levels of various VOCs and 

SVOCs, and elevated levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cyanide and lead.

Testing completed in October 1998, soil was contaminated with many metals including arsenic, 

cadmium, chromium, and lead as well as SVOCs and VOCs. Groundwater had elevated levels of 

numerous metals including aluminum, arsenic, barium, chromium, and lead, SVOCs and VOCs. 

Surface water and sediment were also contaminated. 

More recently, in June 2005, the Ohio EPA proposed a consent order to address environmental 

violations at Columbus Steel. These violations include creating a public nuisance through 

odorous air emissions, exceeding emission limits for several pollutants, failing to obtain several 

air permits and install required air pollution control measures, storing hazardous waste without a 

permit, failing to identify hazardous waste and shipping hazardous waste to a landfill not 

permitted to accept it, and polluting waters through storm water runoff from the facility. The 

proposed consent order, issued June 2, 2005, includes a total civil penalty of $500,000. In 1993, 

under RCRA, Columbus Steel Drum was forced to pay $28,100. 

Sources of Information: 

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. “Division of Emergency and Remedial Response Site 

Cleanup Summary Columbus Steel Drum Co., Inc. July 2004. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/cdo/colssteeldrm.htm

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. “Ohio EPA Seeks Comments on Proposed Consent 

Order with Columbus Steel Drum.” 2 June 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/pic/nr/2005/june/columbussteeldrum.html

USEPA. “Penalty Report for Fiscal year 1993 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.” 1993. 

18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region5/orc/annualreports/1993/pen_93_rcra.htm

USEPA. “Columbus Steel Drum.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Ohio Petition Review Public Meeting.” 13 November 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/ohioreview/pdf/2001Nov13-pubmtg-PalermoRmevening.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Jim Leach (614) 644-2160

Kevin Johnson (614) 644-2160
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David O’Toole (Ohio EPA) (614) 728-5040
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Site Information

Site Name: Commodity Refining Exchange

EPA ID No.: CAD981402522

Address: 11847 United Street, Mojave, CA 93501 

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Commodity Refining Exchange (CRE) 

has been operating since 1970 recovering precious metals, primarily silver from photographic 

film, and limited quantities of gold from circuit boards. The site's previous owners recovered 

copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) from circuit boards and insulated wire. Incineration of these materials 

produced a waste dioxin ash which was deposited on various portions of the site. 

The site was identified in 1988 as a result of contamination from discharges in 1988.

Description of Contamination: Because of the nature of the waste materials, the major pathway 

of contamination is airborne transport by prevailing winds. The site is fenced to prevent direct 

contact to the community. There is contaminated soil but currently no evidence of groundwater 

contamination. A polymer coating was applied on portions of the property in May 1990, to 

prevent migration by wind. The California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) 

issued an I/SE Order to CRE and other potentially responsible parties (PRPs) in February 1991. 

A removal action (RA) was conducted in June 1992 in the effected area. The RA involved the 

hot spot removal of baghouse ash from the surface soils. These areas were restabilized with a soil 

sealant. 

An RI/FS characterizing the extent of contamination in the effected area was completed in June 

1993. The RP has submitted a draft RAP for review and approval from the Department. The 

RAP proposes to cap in place, the effected area. DTSC approved a Remedial Action Plan (RAP) 

in June of 1995. The RAP calls for the capping of the contaminated areas with a geofab liner 

under a concrete cap. Because the affected area had been stabilized to give CRE the ability to 

budget construction cap into its operation, CRE was allowed to construct the cap over a 46 

month period. CRE implemented the Remedial Actions described in the RAP in 1996. 

Due to its long operating history much of the contamination probably occurred before 1982. The 

total amount spent on cleanup at this site is approximately $200,000. 
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Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Commodity Refining Exchange.” 

Site Cleanup – Site Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. 

(n.d.). 16 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=15330008

Domingo, Danny. California Department of Toxic Substances Control (Project Manager), 

ddomingo@dtsc.ca.gov, Email 12/08/2005.

Deed Restriction Document. “Commodity Refining Exchange.” 4 February 1997. 

16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Deeds/upload/SMBR_DEED_15330008.pdf

USEPA. “Commodity Resource and Environment.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d). 21 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002695450

Additional Contacts:

Danny Domingo (Project Manager) (559) 297-3932 DDomingo@dtsc.ca.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Conbraco Industries 

EPA ID No.:

Address: 1509 S. Van Mungo Boulevard, Pageland, SC 29728

County: Chesterfield

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Conbraco Industries has been in the 

brass foundry business since 1957. The company has facilities in both North and South 

Carolina. They originally conducted all foundry operations at their Matthews, North Carolina 

facility. In March 1998, the foundry operations were moved to Pageland, South Carolina and the 

Matthews facility stopped manufacturing brass casting products. The facility manufactures brass 

casting products that are used in brass valves, regulators, and other control devices. 

Brass casting is manufactured by a process that uses sand for molding and for core-making. The 

brass used is approximately 85% copper, 5% tin, and 5% lead. The facility uses a process 

known as the greensand molding process (which is the most common type of molding process in 

the U.S.). During the process, contaminants entered the system until the level became too high, 

enough to render them inefficient (approximately 6-8 tons a day). To maintain efficiency, some 

of the sands were sent to a thermal reclamation unit (reclaimer). After being reclaimed, the 

sands were either reused or disposed. According to Conbraco, all of the sand disposed from 

mid-April/October 1998 to January 2000, was either used as fill material at the Steven Kinlaw 

property in Pageland, SC or stored on-site at the facility pending pick-up.

Description of Contamination: Copper and lead are the contaminants of concern. Conbraco 

believed that the sands which they treated from 1998 to 2000 were non-hazardous after being 

treated in their reclaimer. In January 2000, Conbraco conducted TCLP and discovered that the 

treated sand tested above the RCRA level of 5.0 ppm for leachable lead. Conbraco now ships all 

waste sand to a hazardous waste landfill.

In June 1987, the Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Branch of the North Carolina 

Department of Human Resources (NCDHR) entered into an Order requiring Conbraco to clean 

close two piles of lead contaminated waste sand that had been accumulating at its Matthews, 

NC, site since 1957. The work was completed in 1991. Conbraco stated that in 1997, during the

course of performing clean closure on the contaminated sand piles (pursuant to the 1987 Order), 

they discovered that not all of the foundry sand was legally disposed.
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As a result of the activities related to the two piles of lead contaminated waste sand and the 

sands treated from 1998 to 2000, Conbraco was required to identify and remediate seventeen 

different sites (seven in North Carolina and ten in South Carolina). At these seventeen sites, lead 

and copper contaminated foundry sand was sold to horse farms as fill for their stable and riding 

areas. Investigation is on-going and thus far, it has been determined that no further action is 

required at six of the facilities. 

On September 24, 2002, P&L Bark Nursery, Inc. (P&L) of Pageland, South Carolina, was 

issued a RCRA § 7003 Imminent and Substantial Endangerment Order. During 1997-1998, 

P&L purchased approximately 375 tons of foundry sand from Conbraco Industries to be bagged 

and sold as play sand. The sand, which had been treated by Conbraco Industries, contained 

levels of lead above regulatory limits. P&L packaged and marketed the entire inventory of sands 

as play sand, and over an 8-month period in 1997 and 1998, sold the sands to approximately 40 

different retailers throughout Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. USEPA’s 

Order requires P&L Bark to undergo a series of investigative measures, including written 

notifications, to identify as many end users of the play sand product as possible. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. “Fiscal year 2002 Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Accomplishments 

Report.” 2002. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/ead/attachments/2002_accomplishments_report.pdf

EPA Region 4. “No title available.” (n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/r4data/tris/trifac_sc.txt

EPA Region 4. Memorandum from Beverly Banister, Acting Director, Waste Management 

Division to Susan Parker Bodine, Assistant Administrator, Solid Waste and Emergency 

Response. “Waste Management Division Weekly Report – Key Items.” 13 January 

2006. 

McKee, Nancy (USEPA Region 4) mckee.nancy@epa.gov, Email 13 February 2006.

USEPA. “Final Administrative Order on Consent.” 24 October 2001. 13 February 2006. 

USEPA. “Information Requests Pursuant to Section 3007 of the RCRA. Responses of Conbraco 

Industries, Inc.” (28 April 2000). 13 February 2006.
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Additional Contacts: 

Nancy McKee, USEPA Region 4, (404) 562-8674, mckee.nancy@epa.gov
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Site Information:

Site Name: Consolidated Iron and Metal

EPA ID No.: NY0002455756

Address: East End of Washington St., Newburgh, NY 12550

County: Orange

NPL Site: Final: 6/14/2001

In CERCLIS Database: 0204175

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Consolidated Iron and Metal 

(Consolidated) was a car and scrap metal dealer, processor/recycler, and storage facility that 

operated from 1960 through 1999 when it closed by the New York State Department of 

Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) due to numerous violations. The facility received 

whole automobiles; automobile engines, transmissions, and batteries; keypunch machines; 

computer parts; white goods (appliances); and transformers. The 7-acre consolidated site is 

bordered by a boat marina on one side and the Hudson River on another. The facility included a 

staging area and smelter, a compactor and metal shear, an office, a scale, and a garage. Scrap 

metal and tire piles were found throughout the site as well. Smelting operations occurred onsite 

between 1975 and 1995. Primarily, the smelter was used to melt aluminum transmissions into a 

reusable product, but other metallic materials were smelted as well, resulting in leadcontaminated ash/slag. Other operations onsite included sorting of ferrous and non-ferrous metal 

scrap for recycling, and baling and shearing large pieces of metal – including whole cars – into 

smaller pieces for transport. Mismanagement on site led to contamination. 

From 1997 to 1999, NYSDEC conducted several inspections at the facility. In 1999, USEPA 

cleanup crews greatly reduced any threats of contamination moving to nearby areas by disposing 

of a 4,000 to 6,000 ton pile of ash/slag, which contained high levels of lead, at an USEPAapproved facility. The Agency spent $1.5 million on this effort. A clearing operation was 

conducted by USEPA in 2003. The City of Newburgh has foreclosed on the property. Clean up 

at the site hasn’t begun. 

As of September 30, 2004, cleanup expenditure at this site was $4,376,309.28. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination was due to mismanagement of useable scrap 

metal and processing byproducts. Precautions were not taken to minimize contamination during 

smelting operations, processing and storage of scraps. In addition, ash/slag and oil/waste liquids 

were disposed directly on the property without proper containment, allowing contamination of 

soil, groundwater, and the Hudson River.
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Between 1997 and 1999, NYSDEC conducted inspections and sampling at the Consolidated 

facility. NYSDEC observed oil and other waste liquids on facility soils, and storm water being 

discharged into the Hudson River from the property without the appropriate testing or permits. In 

2000, the NYS Attorney General prosecuted Consolidated for violations, including illegal 

discharge to surface water without a permit. There were three main causes of site contamination: 

the metal smelting operation, recycling of scrap metals, and storage of scrap metals. An ash/slag 

pile generated by the smelting operation contained lead at 6,350 mg/kg and PCBs at 27,000 

μg/kg. USEPA separated the ash/slag pile into ferrous, non-ferrous and fine (contaminated) piles, 

and removed the approximately 6,600-ton fine pile to a RCRA-approved treatment, storage, and 

disposal facility. USEPA removed approximately 2,000 tons of soil and debris generated by 

recycling activities, with lead contamination at 4,000 mg/kg and PCBs at 39,000 μg/kg. In 

addition, USEPA removed 30,000 tires, 58 truckloads of scrap metal, and 8,000 gallons of 

hydraulic oil. Onsite sampling of surface and subsurface soil and groundwater, after removal 

activities, found significantly elevated levels of VOCs, SVOCs, pesticides, PCBs, and metals, 

primarily beneath the former slag pile. In addition, contaminants found at elevated levels in the 

Hudson River included benzopyrene, PCBs, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and zinc.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Places Sites in East Fishkill and Newburgh on the Federal List 

of Hazardous Waste Sites.” 11 June 2001. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2001/01066.htm

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Poised to Begin Long-Term Cleanup at Newburgh Superfund 

Site” 29 September 2003. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2003/03111.htm

Negrelli, Mike (RPM) (212) 637-4278, Interview 17 November 2005.

USEPA. “Consolidated Iron and Metal.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204175

USEPA. “Consolidated Iron and Metal.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009260726

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). September 30, 2004. 19 January 

2006.
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USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Consolidated Iron and Metal.” 14 June 2001. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1614.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet: Consolidated Iron and Metal.” (n.d.) 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0204175c.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Consolidated Recycling, Inc.

EPA ID No.: NHD500014436

Address: 164 Mile Slip Rd. Milford, NH 03055

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Consolidated Recycling (CRI) accepted 

light bulb and light ballast wastes that included mercury and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 

from school districts and government agencies in Colorado, New York, North Carolina, Ohio 

and elsewhere. The owners falsely claimed that CRI had the equipment to recycle the wastes; 

however, the company never purchased any recycling equipment. The hazardous wastes were 

collected, stored and abandoned at locations in Hollis and Merrimack, N.H., and in Fitchburg, 

Methuen and Tyngsboro, Mass. 

The operator of Consolidated Recycling, Inc., Franklin D. Sales, was sentenced in May of 2002, 

to 18 months in prison for misrepresenting the capability of his recycling and disposal operation. 

Sales pleaded guilty in January to wire fraud, mail fraud, and making false statements. Sales 

accepted large quantities of fluorescent bulbs containing mercury powder and lighting ballasts 

contaminated with PCBs that were shipped from out of state to his disposal facilities in New 

Hampshire and Massachusetts. 

He deceived customers by claiming that Consolidated Recycling had the equipment and 

procedures needed to conduct recycling and disposal processes in compliance with federal and 

state regulations. In fact, according to the government, Sales never obtained the necessary 

equipment or the required permits. Wastes were stockpiled and then abandoned at warehouses in 

New Hampshire and Massachusetts. As part of the scheme, Sales issued fraudulent "certificates 

of recycling" to Consolidated Recycling customers, according to prosecutors. One of the 

customers duped by Sales was the U.S. Department of the Army, which shipped bulbs from its 

base at Fort Drum, N.Y., and received false certificates of recycling from the company. 

The case arose out of violations of environmental statutes, such as the Resource Conservation 

and Recovery Act, and was investigated by the EPA, the New Hampshire Department of 

Environmental Services, and the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection. All of 

the charges, however, involved criminal fraud. In addition to receiving the 18-month prison term, 

Sales was ordered to pay restitution totaling more than $280,000 to victims of the scheme.
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Description of Contamination: Unknown

Sources of Information: 

Daily Environment Report No, 91. “Recycler Sentenced to 18 Months in Prison For Making 

False Claims about Capabilities.” BNA, Inc. 10 May 2002. 20 January 2006. 

http://pubs.bna.com/NWSSTND/IP/BNA/den.nsf/SearchAllView/02A1169BADB7BF1F

85256BB5000679F4?Open&highlight=RECYCLER

New Hampshire Supreme Court. “Transcript of the State v. Consolidated Recycling Inc.” 16 

December 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.courts.state.nh.us/supreme/opinions/1999/consolid.htm

USEPA News Release. “New Hampshire Man Pleads Guilty in Recycling Fraud” 1 February 

2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/6fbf350992c6935c85256b530063747e?Open

Document

USEPA. “Consolidated Recycling Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 

January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110007685861

Additional Contacts:

Luke C. Hester 202-564-7818, hester.luke@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Continental Steel Corp.

EPA ID No.: IND001213503 

Address: W Markland Ave., Kokomo, IN 46902

County: Howard

NPL Site: Final: 3/31/89 

In CERCLIS Database: 0501228

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Since 1896, manufacturing processes 

and products on the site have varied, but for much of its recent history Continental Steel Corp. 

manufactured rods and wire products from low- and high-carbon steel recycled from steel scrap. 

The site is located in a mixed residential, commercial, and industrial area, zoned for general use. 

The facility is divided into six operable units, consisting of an abandoned steel manufacturing 

facility (Main Plant), pickling liquor treatment lagoons (Lagoon Area), a former waste disposal 

area (Markland Avenue Quarry), a former waste disposal and slag processing area (Slag 

Processing Area), onsite creeks, and the groundwater under the site

The facility reprocessed scrap metal into nails, wire, and wire fencing using reheating, casting, 

rolling, drawing, pickling, galvanizing, tinning, and tempering processes. Waste pickle liquor 

resulting from these operations was collected in a 10-acre, 20-million-gallon surface 

impoundment constructed in 1946. The contents were processed through a neutralization system 

and discharged to Wildcat Creek. 

Continental Steel filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Federal bankruptcy code on 

November 25, 1985, and ceased operations on February 21, 1986. The bankruptcy was

converted to Chapter 7 on February 25, 1986. The facility acquired Interim Status under Subtitle 

C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) when the owner filed a Notification 

of Hazardous Waste Activity and Part A of a permit application. 

Description of Contamination: In 1984, 1985, and 1986, the Indiana Department of 

Environmental Management identified chromium, cadmium, lead, and iron, constituents known 

to be in the impoundment, in on-site ground water. 

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polynuclear aromatic 

hydrocarbons (PAHs), and metals associated with the recycling activity were found in the 

groundwater, soil, sludges and sediments around the site following the company’s bankruptcy. 
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The Lagoon Area was proposed for inclusion on the National Priorities List in June 1988, and 

formally placed on the NPL in March 1989. The Markland Avenue Quarry and the Main Plant 

were proposed for aggregation to the site, and were added in May 1990.

In response to a State report of contaminated runoff being released from the drum storage area in 

the Markland Quarry, the USEPA initiated a removal action in February 1990. This action 

involved construction of a trench, soil sampling, offsite disposal of 800 cubic yards of soil from 

the quarry area and 220 drums. USEPA also removed drums and storage tanks from the quarry 

pond between June 1991 and August 1991.

As a result of a site assessment of the Continental Steel facility itself, initiated in March 1990, 

the USEPA arranged for the disposal of about a thousand empty, crushed drums, about 200 

drums of product material, about 50 containers of lead cadmium batteries, and about 5,000 

gallons of base-neutral liquids. The entire site, including all six operable units is now listed on 

the NPL.

Two Records of Decision (RODs) were signed in 1996 and 1998 respectively, outlining interim 

and final decontamination plans for the entire site. However, a ROD Amendment, signed in 

September 2003, incorporated new information gathered from predesign investigations 

performed by USEPA in 2000-2001 and a five-year review performed by the state in 2002 which 

estimate the cost of remedy at $61 million dollars. This figure may be revised downward if a 

proposed redesign to the Lagoon Area remedy plan is approved by USEPA. For FY 2005, 

USEPA will provide $3 million to begin construction of sediment dewatering and drying beds at 

the Lagoon Area and construction is expected to begin soon.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “ Continental Steel.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0501228

USEPA. “Continental Steel.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009326327

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Continental Steel Corp.” 16 August 1996. 16 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0596310.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Continental Steel Corp.” 30 September 1998. 16 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0598091.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Continental Steel Corp.” June 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/indiana/IND001213503.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Continental Steel Corp.” 24 June 1988. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0501228.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Samuel Borries (OSC) (312) 353-8360

Ross Del Rosario (RPM) (312) 886-6195

David Ellison (OSC)

Mike Joyce (CIC) (312) 886-0269

Thomas Krueger, Region 5
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Cooper Drum Co.

EPA ID No.: CAD055753370

Address: 9316 Atlantic Ave., South Gate, CA 90280

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: Proposed: 2/07/1992; Final: 06/14/2001

In CERCLIS Database: 0903253

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1941 until 1992, drum recycling 

was conducted at this site by various owners. From 1971 to 1992, the Cooper Drum Co. 

reconditioned closed-topped, steel drums that previously held a variety of industrial chemicals. 

In a 1991 interview, Cooper Drum Company representatives stated that approximately 70 

percent of the drums accepted for recycling were from oil companies, with the remaining 30 

percent including paint, resin, and solvent drums. 

The reconditioning operation at this site was set up as an assembly line process along the length 

of an elevated concrete floor in the southern portion of the property. It essentially consisted of 

flushing and stripping the drums with sodium hydroxide in preparation for painting and resale. 

Fluids generated by the reconditioning operation were conveyed to two holding tanks and five 

clarifiers that bordered the north side of the elevated floor. The settled out contents were pumped 

out and transported off site for recycling or disposal. The liquid was circulated back into the 

reconditioning process. Prior to the late 1980s, the holding tanks and clarifiers consisted of open 

concrete sumps that were connected to each other and the reconditioning process tanks (e.g., 

flushers and strippers) by open concrete trenches. Since then, closed-top steel tanks were 

installed over the sumps, with the sumps providing secondary containment, and the trenches 

were replaced with hard piping. Until 1992, the hard wash operation was conducted in the 

northern portion of the property and consisted of placing chains and sodium hydroxide inside the 

drums, and then rotating the drums over four concrete sumps that were fitted with grates. The 

sumps were connected to each other by open concrete trenches. In 1992, the hard wash operation 

was moved to the east end of the drum reconditioning facility in the southern portion of the 

property. The sumps in the former hard wash area are no longer in use.

In April 1987, the Los Angeles County Health Department (LACHD) Emergency Response 

Team responded to an incident at the Tweedy Elementary School property. An unknown quantity 

of highly caustic liquid waste had migrated via underground seepage from the Cooper Drum Co. 

property. The waste resulted from the caustic wash water from the drum recycling process line 

located in the building directly north of the school property. Initially, the waste was thought to 
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comprise mainly sodium hydroxide and oil. When contamination migrated onto school property, 

the top layer of soil was excavated and the area was paved. Due to public health concerns, 

Tweedy Elementary School has remained closed. In 1987, the City of South Gate also closed 

four municipal wells due to volatile organic compound (VOC) contamination. However, 

evidence suggests that the shallow aquifer and the lower Silverado Aquifer are hydraulically 

connected, allowing the water to move between them. Municipal wells located within 4 miles of 

the site supply drinking water to approximately 335,000 people; the nearest of these wells is 

located within 1/2 mile of the site. An estimated 340,000 people live within 4 miles of the site. 

The Cooper Drum Co. was sold to a new drum company in 1992, which employs 50 on-site 

workers.

Description of Contamination: Analytical results from soil and sampling events conducted in 

1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998, and a soil gas sampling in 1999, indicate that 

VOCs are present at elevated concentrations in soils and soil gas beneath the concrete floor of 

the reconditioning facility, proximal to the holding tanks and clarifiers, in the former hard wash 

area, and in other areas of the site. 

Analytical results from 1996 and 1998 monitoring well ground water sampling events and a 1998 

Hydropunch (TM) groundwater sampling event indicate the presence of VOCs at concentrations 

significantly above background levels in the two uppermost aquifers (Bellflower and Exposition 

aquifers) beneath and hydraulically downgradient of the former hard wash area. The Bellflower, 

Exposition, and Gage aquifers are interconnected within 2 miles of the Cooper Drum Company 

site. Eleven municipal drinking water wells, which draw from the Exposition and Gage aquifers, 

are located within 4 miles of the site.

Immediate actions at this site consisted of the excavation of contaminated soils at the Tweedy 

Elementary School in April of 1987 and soil and groundwater analysis. The selected remedy for 

soil uses dual phase extraction for treatment of VOCs in soil. Other non-VOC soil contaminants, 

including SVOCs, PCBs, and lead, will be excavated for disposal. Institutional controls will be 

implemented to prevent exposure to soil contaminants where excavation is not feasible. The total 

worth cost of this cleanup in 2002 was $2.77 million. The cleanup strategy for groundwater 

contaminated with VOCs will use a combination of methods to achieve remedial goals and to 

restore the potential beneficial use of the aquifer as a drinking water source. The total worth cost 

in 2002 for this cleanup was $5.36 million. 

Sources of Information: 

Agency of Toxic Substances & Disease Registry. “Preliminary Public Health 

Assessment: Cooper Drum.” 7 February 2006. 
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http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/cooperdrum/coo_p1.html

NOAA’s National Ocean Service: Office of Response and Restoration. “Coastal 

Hazardous Waste Site Review: Cooper.” (n.d.) 7 February 2006.

http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/book_shelf/159_Cooper.pdf

USEPA. “Cooper Drum Company.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 7 February 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0903253

USEPA. “Cooper Drum Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d). 7 February 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001167399.

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Cooper Drum Co.” 27 September 2002. 

7 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0902029.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Cooper Drum Co.” (n.d.) 7 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplfs/fs0903253.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Cooper Drum Co.” 14 June 2001. 7 February 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0903253.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Fact Sheet: Cooper Drum Co.” June 2002. 7 February 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/fsheet.nsf/024bc4d43f9aa0f48825650f005a714e/d1c4cd

bd55c6bfe188256ff900678d10/$FILE/cooper-drum-proposed-plan%2006-02.PDF

Additional Contacts:

Eric Yunker (EPA Site Manager) (415) 972-3159, yunker.eric@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: County Line Auto Parts (Imthurn Drum Site)

EPA ID No.: OHR000022327

Address: 585 The Bend Rd., Ney, OH 43549

County: Defiance

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0507704

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: County Line Auto Parts, also known as 

Imthurn Drum Site, was a salvage yard recovering drums and was located at an abandoned 

school. The company also accepted spent solvents which were burned in the school boilers. 

Imthurn Drum Site, owned by Ellis Imthurn who is now deceased, never had a RCRA permit and 

never obtained permits of any kind to transport, store or dispose hazardous waste. Beginning in 

1977 and continuing until at least 1991, a Campbell Soup Company food production plant sold 

or provided Imthurn with 55-gallon drums of waste material, some of which Imthurn used as 

fuel.

Description of Contamination: Contamination at the site is due to the 1,500 leaking drums of 

solvents, waste oil & sludges that are stored at the site. On January 23, 1997, Ohio EPA and 

USEPA conducted a preliminary assessment at the Imthurn facility. The agencies discovered 

approximately 1,500 deteriorating 55-gallon drums of hazardous waste. In 1996 and 1997, 

Campbell removed the drums and some of the contaminated soil under an enforcement order 

from USEPA. Ohio EPA determined that Campbell failed to: evaluate the waste generated at the 

Napoleon facility; ensure that hazardous waste generated at the Napoleon facility was delivered 

to a permitted treatment, storage or disposal facility; notify USEPA of hazardous waste fuel 

activities; and comply with Ohio law. The company also violated Ohio regulations by marketing 

hazardous waste fuel directly to a burner without obtaining permission. 

In 2001, Campbell Soup Company and Campbell Soup Supply Company agreed to pay a civil 

penalty of $67,000 and reimburse Ohio EPA $37,571.50 for costs the Agency incurred for 

hazardous waste violations related to the Imthurn drum site. In addition to paying the civil 

penalty, Campbell must secure the site to ensure that no further dumping takes place, evaluate 

ground water to ensure no contamination has occurred, and submit and implement an acceptable 

hazardous waste closure plan. 

In order to return the property to residential use, a portion of the civil penalty payment will be 

used by the Campbell companies to clean up solid waste at the Imthurn facility. Campbell may 
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apply up to $22,000 of the civil penalty to remove and properly dispose of all solid waste on the 

site, as a supplemental environmental project. The remaining $45,000 will go to Ohio EPA's 

hazardous waste cleanup fund. 

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. “Ohio EPA reaches $104,571.50 Settlement With 

Campbell Soup Company and Campbell Soup Supply Company for Hazardous Waste 

Violations.” 23 October 2001. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/pic/nr/2001/oct/campbell.html

USEPA. “County Line Auto Parts.” RCRA Info. 10 October 2003. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Imthurn Drum Site.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 22 January 2006.

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0507704

USEPA. “County Line Auto Parts.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 22 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000816190

Additional Contacts:

Partap Lall (OSC) (734) 692-7685

Michael Maringer (Contact/Regulatory) (419) 592-1010 

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: CoZinCo

EPA ID No.: COD094154671

Address: 100 W. Zinc Street, Salida, CO 81201

County: Chaffee

NPL Site: Part of Smeltertown Site; Proposed: February 7, 1992

In CERCLIS Database: 0800167

Description of Recycling Operation: CoZinCo has processed zinc sulfate and smelter slag from 

1977 to present. CoZinCo manufactures zinc sulfate soil amendment/animal feed by treating 

metallic galvanizing wastes called "skimmings" with 94 percent sulfuric acid. Areas of 

contamination include several drum piles, two ponds used to hold spent processing water, a pile 

consisting of sludge scraped from the ponds, and an area where sludge was worked into the soil. 

This facility contaminated the eastern portion of the Smeltertown site. The Smeltertown site 

covers approximately 100 acres in a rural area near Salida, Choffee County, Colorado. It consists 

of areas involving operations of Koppers, Inc., CoZinCo, Inc., and a smelter. 

CoZinCo did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Soil on the property contains elevated levels of heavy metals, 

including chromium, lead, zinc, antimony, nickel, and lead, according to a 1987 EPA report. 

Contaminants were found in three drum storage areas.

Sources of Information:

Agency for Toxic Substance & Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment: CoZinCo.”

(n.d.). 17 January 2006. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/smeltertown/smel_p1.html

USEPA. “CoZinCo.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0800167

USEPA. “CoZinCo.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000467922

USEPA. “CoZinCo.” RCRAInfo. 13 October 2000. 18 January 2006.

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: CoZinCo.” 4 June 1998. 

17 January 2006. 
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http://cfpub.epa.gov/superrods/index.cfm?fuseaction=data.siterods&siteid=0801085

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Smeltertown.” March 2003. 17 January 2005.

http://www.epa.gov/region8/superfund/sites/co/smeltown.html

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Smeltertown.” 7 February 1992. 17 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0801085.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Martin O'Grady (State Project Manager) 303-692-3300, 888-569-1831 toll-free 

Stan Christensen (EPA Remedial Project Manager) 303-312-6694 

Sabrina Forrest, (SAM) (303) 312-6484 

Pat Smith (SAM)

Martin O’Grady (303-312-6638)

Walter Avramenko 303-692-3300
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Site Information

Site Name: Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage

EPA ID No.: IND065548703

Address: 419 N. Green St., Crawfordsville, IN 47933

County: Montgomery

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0501483

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Crawsfordsville Scrap and Salvage is 

now participating in Indiana Department of Environmental Management’s (IDEM’s) Voluntary 

Remediation Program. CSX Transportation (the Responsible Party) has conducted a site 

characterization and has submitted an ecological risk assessment to determine potential impacts 

of site contaminants to Shelley Ditch. 

Description of Contamination: The site is contaminated with PCBs and lead found in the soil 

and surface water. 

Sources of Information: 

Indiana Department of Environmental Management. “Hazardous Waste Response Sites: 

Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage.” 13 September 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.in.gov/idem/land/statecleanup/sitesummaries/crawfordsville.html

USEPA. “ Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0501483

USEPA. “Crawfordsville Scrap and Salvage.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.).

25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009284522

Additional Contacts:

Richard Harris (317) 233-8284
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Crosby Motors

EPA ID No.: FL0000562603

Address: 3506 Clifford Lane, Jacksonville, FL 32209

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406773

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site has operated as various 

automotive salvage-related businesses since 1968. Mr. and Mrs. Hicks were the prior owners and 

original operators of the salvage yard, and ceased to operate the business at some point in 1980s. 

Mr. James Crosby purchased the business and operated the yard from 1988 until as recently as 

1994. Mr. Randy Taylor reportedly purchased the property in 1994. A 1994 site assessment by 

the FDEP was completed following a report that there was improper disposal of automotive 

fluids throughout the site. 

Description of Contamination: The Crosby site was added to the FDEP state-action site 

list in 1998. The IT Corporation, acting as the FDEP State Cleanup Contractor, submitted 

a Site Assessment Work Plan in August 2000. The FDEP requested a water well survey 

to be completed at this site after the initial project visit. This survey indicated two potable 

wells located within 1⁄4 mile from the site. Sampling and analysis has indicated no water 

well contamination. 

The soil is contaminated with PAHs and phthalate esters. Groundwater is contaminated with 

VOCs, SVOCs, and inorganic metals. Sediment samples collected from the drainage ditch along 

the property boundary contained PAHs, pesticides, PCBs, and inorganic metals. There was no 

water well contamination. Possible sources of contamination may have been from automobile 

crushing resulting in the spillage of various fluids (i.e. antifreeze, waste oil, motor oil, gasoline, 

brake fluid, suspected burial of lead-acid batteries). In April 2001, 490 tons of tires, 750 tons of 

scrap metal and 680 tons of debris were removed from the site. 

Sources of Additional Information:

Florida Department of Environmental Protection. “Waste Management Publications: Crosby 

Motors.” 

http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/publications/wc/sites/summary/115.pdf

USEPA. “Crosby Motors.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 
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http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406773

USEPA. “Crosby Motors.” EPA Envirofacts Warehouse. 25 January 2006. 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009328487

Contacts: 

Jennifer Wendel (RPM) (404) 562-8799

Nancy Murchison (Florida DEP)
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Site Information

Site Name: Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc. 

EPA ID No.: NJD011717584

Address: 416 Lanza Ave., Saddle Brook Twp, NJ 07662

County: Bergen

NPL Site: Construction Complete 9/30/1997

In CERCLIS Database: 0200273

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc. site 

includes the real property where two active scrap metal recycling businesses operated: Curcio 

Scrap Metal, Inc. and Cirello Iron and Steel Company. The site is approximately 1 acre in size 

and contains two single story buildings that are used primarily as warehouses. The area 

surrounding the site is comprised of residential homes and industrial properties. Salvaging 

operations began at the site in the early 1950s. Prior to this time, the land was used for dairy 

farming. In 1952, Curcio purchased the East and West Lots and in 1981, the company purchased 

the South Lot. Initially, only rags and paper were recycled. In 1975, aluminum and copper and 

other ferrous and non-ferrous metals began to be stored and recycled at the site. In 1977, the 

original structures on the site were demolished, the present main building was erected and 

sections of the West Lot were paved. In 1978, the truck scale and scale control shed were 

constructed on the East Lot. The structures at the site have remained essentially unchanged since 

1985. 

Description of Contamination: At least three documented polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 

spills had occurred on the site. In 1982, the company received a shipment of 50 electrical 

transformers, salvaging the copper and baling the remaining metal. During the cutting of the 

transformers, oil containing PCBs spilled onto the ground. An area covering about 200 square

feet was blackened with oil and soil from the area contains PCBs. Run-off from the site, taken 

from a drainage ditch at the rear of the property, also contains PCBs. Site soils are relatively 

permeable, which facilitates movement of contaminants into ground water. The state became 

aware of the site in 1982 when a citizen became concerned over Curcio’s activities. The state 

found the soil and runoff from a drainage ditch to be contaminated with PCBs. In 1985, the state 

discovered an oil spill that flowed from the site to a pond approximately 300 feet from the 

Curcio site and determined that Cirello was responsible for the spill. The company spilled 

approximately 200 gallons of hydraulic fluid on the Curcio site. In 1989, Cirello caused a spill 

of PCB-contaminated oil into onsite soil, and the state required Cirello to excavate and drum the 

resulting contaminated soil. 
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Groundwater was contaminated with the following: vinyl chloride, chloroethane, methylene 

chloride, acetone, carbon disulfide, 1,1-dichloroethene, 1,1-dichloroethane, cis-1,2-

dichloroethene, trans-1,2-dichoroethene, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, 2-butanone, 1,1,1-

trichloroethane, bromodichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, barium, calcium, magnesium, 

sodium, benzene, toluene, aluminum, beryllium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, 

manganese, nickel, potassium, selenium, sodium, thallium, vanadium, zinc, aroclor. Soil was 

found to be contaminated with three different PCB's, lead, copper, nickel and trichloroethylene 

in on-site soil samples. 

Sources of Information: 

New Jersey Department of Health Environmental Health Service. “Public Health Assessment 

Curcio Scrap Metal, Incorporated.” 11 May 1995. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/curcio/Csm_toc.html

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.” 28 June 1991. 19 

February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0291143.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.” 30 September 1997. 

19 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0297107.pdf

USEPA. “First Five-Year Review Report Curcio Scrap Metal Inc. Superfund Site.” September 

2002. 19 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f02-02005.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.” (n.d.). 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0200273c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Curio Scrap Metal, Inc.” 22 July 1987. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0200273.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Curcio Scrap Metal, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 

2005. 19 February 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0200273

Additional Contacts: 

Michelle Granger-Santana (RPM) (212) 637-4975
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Site Information

Site Name: Cycle Chem Incorporated

EPA ID No.: NJD002200046

Address: 217 South First Street, Elizabeth, NJ 07206

County: Union

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Cycle Chem, a commercial TSDF,

purchased its two-acre property from Perk Chemical Company in 1985. Recycling activities at 

the facility include recovering spent solvents and treating hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. 

Solvents, hazardous and non-hazardous wastes are stored in containers and tanks. Cycle Chem 

accepts commercially generated, as well as on-site generated hazardous waste for storage, 

treatment and transfer. Cycle Chem was issued a RCRA Part B permit in December 1988 and 

December 1997. 

Description of Contamination: Current contaminants onsite include benzene, trichloroethene, 

and tetrachloroethene in the groundwater. Contamination can be linked to current and past 

storage activities. For instance, Perk Company emptied, cleaned and removed three aboveground 

storage tanks that used to contain chlorinated solvents. However, there is also groundwater 

contamination coming onto the site from a higher site, which suggests that it was caused not only

from past operations, but also from some off-site source. In 2002, Cycle Chem was cited by the 

New Jersey Department of Environmental protection for violating the NJ Water Pollution 

Control Act. New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection noted that Cycle Chem stored 

a large amount of hazardous waste outdoors exposed to rain, where it could wash into the 

Elizabeth River. However, there is the possibility that some contamination is due to an offsite 

source. Site-wide investigation is being conducted to determine Cycle Chem’s contribution to 

contamination.

Sources of Information:

Environment News Service. “Hazwaste Company Fined for Polluting River.” 18 November 

2002. 17 January 2006.

http://ens-newswire.com/ens/nov2002/2002-11-18-09.asp#anchor7

EPA Region 2- Waste. “Cycle Chem Incorporated Factsheet.” 1 November 2005. 17 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/waste/fscycle.htm
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USEPA. “Cycle Chem Corp.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000319780

USEPA. “Cycle Chem Corp.” RCRAInfo. 26 November 2001. 20 January 2006.

Additional Contacts:

Clifford Ng (212) 637-4113
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Site Information

Site Name: Danmark, Inc.

EPA ID No.: FL0001093103

Address: 4808 Paul St., Tampa, FL 33611

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406338

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Danmark Co. is a former used oil 

hauler, collection and recycling facility which operated by various Danmark companies from 

1989 to 1993. William Michael Shaw was the operator of the Danmark Site and the president 

and general manager of Danmark. On September 30, 1998, Mr. Shaw pleaded guilty to illegally 

accepting and managing hazardous waste and storing a hazardous waste without a permit in 

violation of section 3008(d)(2)(A) of the RCRA. He was charged with abandoning the facility in 

August 1993 and leaving behind 80,000 gallons of contaminated liquid waste and 150 tons of 

contaminated solid waste. Mr. Shaw did not join the settlement because USEPA determined that 

Mr. Shaw did not have the financial ability to do so. Since both the operator and most of the 

largest generators were orphan parties, USEPA agreed to compromise 25 percent of its response 

costs pursuant to the Orphan Share Policy. This settlement requires the settling parties to waive 

their contribution rights against parties that sent less than 2,000 gallons of materials to the site.

Description of Contamination: Abandoned materials were left on site. 

USEPA completed the transportation and disposal phase of the removal action at the Danmark 

site in March of 1996. During the removal action, approximately 80,000 gallons of liquid waste 

and 150 tons of solid waste (stockpiled soils, used oil filters and sludge) were processed and 

disposed of off-site.

On April 14, 2000, USEPA finalized a settlement with 59 settling parties for recovery of 

USEPA’s past costs associated with the removal action taken at the site. This settlement, 

pursuant to Sections 107(a) and 122(h) of CERCLA provides for the reimbursement by the 

settling parties of $516,374.57 in response costs incurred by USEPA in responding to the release 

of hazardous substances at the site.

Sources of Information: 

Daily Environmental Report No. 191, “State, Federal Officials Crack Down on Criminal

Violators in Tampa Bay.” BNA, Inc. 2 October 1998. 21 January 2006. 
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http://pubs.bna.com/NWSSTND/IP/BNA/den.nsf/SearchAllView/6EA088D64F5BF8AD

85256691000BC1D9?Open&highlight=RECYCLER

EPA Region 4. “Enforcement & Compliance Assurance Accomplishments Report.” 

Fiscal Year 2000. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/ead/attachments/2000_accomplishments_report.pdf

USEPA. “Danmark Site.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406338

USEPA. “Danmark Site.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 25 January 2006. 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009273838
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Site Information

Site Name: David John Property

EPA ID No.:

Address: South end Vandalia Street on commercial lot, Otterbein, IN

County: Benton

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The property owner, Mr. David John, 

operated a drum recycling operation at the site for approximately 20 years. On December 1, 

2000, while conducting a spill incident investigation, Indiana Department of Environmental 

Management (IDEM) discovered between 30 to 40 empty drums and soils discolored by paint 

sludge through out the property. During the incident investigation, Mr. John acknowledged that 

the residual fluids contained in the drums were dumped onto the ground. 

Description of Contamination: On December 5, 2000, a remedial investigation was conducted 

and revealed elevated concentrations of volatile organic compounds in both the subsurface soils 

and groundwater beneath the property. 

Sources of Information: 

Indiana Department of Environmental Management. “Hazardous Waste Response Sites: 

David John Property.” 13 September 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.in.gov/idem/land/statecleanup/sitesummaries/davidjohn.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Aaron Green (317) 234-0350
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Site Information

Site Name: Davis Chemical Company

EPA ID No.: CAD070215355

Address: 1550 North Bonnie Beach Pl. Los Angeles, CA 90063

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Davis Chemical Company operated as a 

recycler of spent solvents and transporter of waste solvents from various small manufacturing 

operations from 1949 until 1990, when it went out of business. Davis reportedly accepted and 

processed wastes using distillation chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents throughout its 

operational history. Since 1953, the predominant process at the facility has been reclaiming 

acetone/polyester resin wastes from the fiberglass industry. However, according to hazardous 

waste manifests, other types of solvents were also sent to the facility. The property is located on 

a 1/3-acre lot in East Los Angeles in a light industrial area that includes some residential use.

Davis collected waste polyester resin dissolved in acetone in 55-gallon drums. The solutions 

were then pumped into an 800-gallon feed tank that served as the distillation equipment. After 

the solids settled, the acetone waste was distilled through one of two steam-heated vaporization 

units (a 150-gallon/hour unit and a 40-gallon/hour unit). The distilled acetone was then placed in 

55-gallon containers for resale.

Around 1980, Davis installed four stainless steel underground storage tanks (USTs) at the facility 

- two 2,500-gallon reclaimed solvent tanks and two 6,000- gallon waste solvent tanks. No 

secondary containment or release controls were installed on these tanks. These USTs were 

removed under the supervision of Los Angeles County Department of Public Works (LADPW) 

in November 1989. According to LADPW records, the sampling conducted in 1989 and 1990 by 

Davis and its contractor did not adequately address the possibility of a release from these tanks. 

From August 1, 1990 to October 23, 1990, Betterbilt Chemicals (EPA ID# CAD981686249) 

operated fuel blending activities and recovered acetone from waste polyester resins at the facility 

and also acted as a hazardous waste transporter. Flammable wastes (liquid and solid) were 

accepted at the facility and then shipped offsite for disposal by incineration at Systech Inc., a 

cement kiln facility in Lebec, California (EPA ID# CAT080031628). DTSC issued a Directive to 

Comply on October 23, 1990 ordering Davis to cease and desist all hazardous waste treatment 

and storage operations, stating that the facility was conducting unpermitted operations such as 
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accepting flammable solids and liquids, blending flammable solids and liquids as fuel for 

Systech Inc., and treating waste paint related material by distillation.

USEPA conducted a preliminary assessment of the site in 1992 and noted “significant spillage” 

and recommended referral to the state RCRA program for further clean-up administered by the 

California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC).

On October 2, 1997, DTSC’s Statewide Compliance Branch referred the site to DTSC’s Site 

Mitigation Program. In an effort to commence the remedial investigation (RI) process and 

recover associated costs, in June 1999 DTSC sent out information request letters to potentially 

responsible parties, namely Betterbilt, Diana Davis (a trustee of the Ernest Davis Estate), and 

Donald Williams, former manager of Davis. Betterbilt and Diana Davis responded to the letter 

but Donald Williams failed to respond. The response from Betterbilt stated that it had never 

owned or operated the facility but was at one point negotiating to purchase the property. 

Betterbilt said it never finalized the purchase because it was unable to obtain a permit to operate 

as a TSD facility. Betterbilt did not provide information concerning the type and quantities of 

hazardous substances it delivered to the facility, even though it was one of the transporters of 

hazardous waste to the facility, according to hazardous waste manifests obtained from DTSC’s 

headquarters office.

Description of Contamination: A site reconnaissance visit by Ecology and Environment, Inc. in 

1992 for the USEPA, revealed evidence of poor housekeeping, significant spillage of waste 

solvents and resin, and deteriorated concrete flooring throughout the facility. Currently, 

hazardous wastes are not known to be stored on the property.

The solvents managed at the facility through the recycling process included acetone, methylene 

chloride, trichloroethane (TCA), trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethene (PCE), xylene, methyl 

ethyl ketone (MEK), isopropyl alcohol (IPA), toluene, methanol, ethanol, and paint thinners. 

Smith-Emery Geoservices analyzed 15 soil samples in November 1996. Eight of the samples 

were found to exceed the action levels of one or more of the following compounds: 1,1,2-

trichloroethane (TCA), tetrachloroethene (PCE), and 1,1,2,2- tetrachloroethane. The hazardous 

waste regulatory level at the time for PCE in soil, according to title 22, California Code of 

Regulations, section 66261.24, was 700 ppb. No hazardous waste levels are specified for TCA 

and 1,1,2,2,-tetrachloroethane in soil. The highest concentrations detected for 1,1,2,2-

tetrachloroethane, PCE and TCA were 16 ppb, 1200 ppb, and 64 ppb respectively.

The boundary of the Central Groundwater Basin is approximately 1 mile south of the site. Two 

of the 1996 soil borings showed levels of some volatile organic compounds increasing with 
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depth, thereby raising the possibility that groundwater, if it exists beneath the site, may be 

contaminated.

A 2002 Consent Order determined that the recyclers at the site should undertake the costs of 

cleanup and pay DTSC $20,000 for previous clean up costs.

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Imminent and Substantial Endangerment 

Determination and Consent Order.” December 2002. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Projects/upload/DavisChemicalCo_SMBRP_ENF_

ORDER_ISECO.pdf

USEPA. “Davis Chem Co.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d). 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002656117

Additional Contacts:

Safouh Sayed (714) 484-5478, ssayed@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Dearborn Refining Company

EPA ID No.: MID005510805

Address: 3901 Wyoming Avenue, Dearborn, MI, 48120

County: Wayne

NPL Site: Not on the NPL

In CERCLIS Database: MID005510805

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1947 until approximately 

November of 2003, the Dearborn Refining Company (Dearborn Refining) operated an 8.5 acre 

facility in Dearborn, Michigan that blended and marketed lubricating and metalworking products 

formulated primarily from purchased oils and various additives. The facility also received, 

stored, and processed used oil. 

Michigan adopted regulations consistent with the 1992 Used Oil Management Standards in 1996. 

On June 1, 1999, Michigan achieved federal authorization for the 1992 Used Oil Management 

Standards. In June 1999, Region 5 conducted a multimedia compliance inspection at Dearborn 

Refining. Through evidence obtained during the on-site inspection, review of documents, and 

oral deposition given by Aram Moloian, President of Dearborn Refining, EPA discovered 

violations of the Used Oil Management Standards in December 1999. On September 28, 2001, 

Region 5 EPA issued an eight-count RCRA administrative complaint seeking injunctive relief 

and a penalty of $2.9 million. Settlement could not be reached and the case proceeded to 

administrative hearing. On August 15, 2003, the Administrative Law Judge issued an Initial 

Order containing a Compliance Order and a $1.25 million penalty. 

In December of 2004, the State of Michigan filed a misdemeanor complaint against Dearborn 

Refining Company and its owner, Aram Moloian. The complaint alleged illegal storage or 

disposal of liquid industrial waste and used oil. On or about May 23, 2005, Dearborn Refining 

and Mr. Moloian entered into a Plea Agreement with the State of Michigan in response to the 

misdemeanor complaint filed against them. Dearborn Refining pled guilty to the misdemeanor 

charges. The Plea Agreement required Dearborn Refining to permanently discontinue receipt of 

used oil and remove all used oil within 180 days.

Dearborn Refining failed to comply with an Environmental Appeals Board RCRA Order to pay a 

civil penalty, to perform RCRA corrective action, and to close in compliance with RCRA. The 

city and Dearborn Refining entered into a Stipulation and Order to Vacate Premises. That 

Stipulation required Dearborn Refining to vacate the premises by February 13, 2006. Since its 

abandonment, the site has been subject to a Superfund emergency removal, and now cost 

recovery.
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Description of Contamination: Dearborn Refining's operations at the facility have resulted in 

the discharge, spilling, or placing of used oil containing lead onto the ground surface. Previous 

investigations at the site by the U.S. EPA (2000) and MDEQ (2003) indicated that numerous 

spills of oil or oily wastewater onsite impacted soils. Leaking hoses and valves and holes in tank 

walls caused tank contents to spill onto staging pads and soil. 40,000 gallons of hazardous waste 

were abandoned by the former owner.

During the 1999, 2000, and 2005 investigations, U.S. EPA observed that surface and subsurface 

soils were stained and saturated with oil. Sampling determined that the surface and subsurface 

soils were contaminated with lead, arsenic, and PCBs that exceeded U.S EPA Region V’s RiskBased Screening Levels for an Industrial Scenario. Additionally, the U.S. EPA observed that oil 

was present in the groundwater underlying some portions of the site. U.S. EPA observed oil and 

sludge on the building floors and walls. A number of tanks were in poor condition and/or lacked 

structural integrity. Inspectors observed concentrated sulfuric acid spurting from a corroded tank. 

There was a lack of secondary containment sufficiently impervious to prevent a release from 

reaching soil and groundwater. 

In 2003, MDEQ conducted soil and groundwater sampling at the site. Soils contained arsenic, 

barium, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, zinc, and VOCs. Groundwater/surface 

water contained polynuclear aromatic (PNA) compounds.

As of August 2007, Dearborn Refining had removed approximately 4,114 lbs of hazardous waste 

and 14,300 gallons of hazardous waste from the site.

U.S. EPA conducted an emergency removal cleanup at the site. Utilizing funds from the Oil 

Pollution Act, the Superfund Program has spent more than $2.6 million at the site since 2006, 

including a removal action on July, 10, 2006.

Additionally, on October 11, 2011, contractors hired by the potentially responsible party (PRP) 

excavated a total of 359.69 tons of PCB-contaminated soil from the prescribed excavation area 

located at the northeast corner of the site. The total extramural costs of the PRP action have been 

$104,000. 

Sources of Information:

1. Brauer, Sue. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Region 5. Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. August 2011. 

Attachment “Potential Damage Cases 08.10.11.docx”.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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2. Brauer, Sue. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Region 5. Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. November 2011. 

Attachment “dearbornrefiningprp_epa_polrep_6.htm”. 

3. Brauer, Sue. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Region 5. Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. February 23, 2012.

4. USEPA. Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent between USEPA 

and Dearborn Refinery Company. 2007. 

5. USEPA. News Releases from Region 5: EPA begins $4 million ChemServe cleanup in 

Detroit. April 23, 2008. Accessed Online. December 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/a5792a626c8dac098525735900400c2d/c527f4

bdd5a5bd2f8525743400470ad4!OpenDocument

6. USEPA. EPA On-Scene Coordinator Profile. Dearborn Refining. Accessed Online. 

December 2011: http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=2079

7. USEPA. EPA On-Scene Coordinator Profile. Dearborn Refining PRP POL REP#1. 

Accessed Online. December 2011: 

http://www.epaosc.org/site/polrep_profile.aspx?site_id=3424&counter=7566
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Delatte Metals

EPA ID No.: LAD052510344

Address: 1541 Weinberger Road, Ponchatoula, LA 70454

County: Tangipahoa Parish

NPL Site: Deleted: 8/8/2005

In CERCLIS Database: 0600428

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Delatte Metals superfund site 

encompasses both the former Delatte Metals facility and the inactive Ponchatoula Battery 

Company. The two facilities total 56.8 acres and are aggregated because they are adjacent, 

performed identical lead salvage operations, and generated the same type of waste material. The 

only difference in operational procedures was that Delatte Metals operated a lead smelter to 

recover addition lead material. Delatte Metals began operations in the early 1970s until the 

1980s. 

The operations performed at the facilities included recycling spent lead-acid batteries to remove 

and smelt the associated lead plates to produce lead ingots. The typical process at the facility 

involved sawing off the tops of the batteries and removing the lead plates in a battery saw 

building. After opening the battery cases, the battery acid was drained into a sump. During the 

1980s, acid was pumped from the sump to an unlined pond located on the north side of the site. 

After the closure of the acid pond, the acid was pumped through an underground pipe to the acid 

tank farm on-site. The spent acid was then shipped off-site for recycling. 

The recovered lead from the acid was sold to lead recycling facilities located throughout the 

southern United States and other countries. The facilities were issued several Notice of 

Violations and Compliance Orders during their operational life, as state and USEPA inspections 

showed discharges with a pH range from 0.55 to 2. 

The Joyce Wildlife Management Area is located 1.4 miles downstream, and the Manchac 

Wildlife Management Area is located 12.5 miles downstream. Wetlands were also identified in 

the 15-mile downstream target distance limit.

Nine sources were evaluated at the Delatte Metals site during the HRS investigation: two battery 

chip piles, two slag piles, a waste pile, a buried/backfilled surface impoundment, tote bags, a 

contaminated soil area (former removal area), and the settling tank basin. Analytical samples 

collected from on-site soils, piles, and the tote bags indicated the presence of heavy metals 
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including arsenic, lead, and cadmium. Analytical results obtained from ground water samples 

collected from monitoring wells around the surface impoundment indicated the presence of 

arsenic, cadmium, and lead at concentrations that met observed release criteria.

This facility did not hold a RCRA permit.

Description of Contamination: Battery casings were discarded on site, and investigations 

revealed two battery chip piles, two slag piles, a waste pile, a buried surface impoundment, and a 

settling tank basin. Drainage from the facility went through a series of ditches to Selser’s Creek. 

During the mid 1980s and 1990s, Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) 

worked with the both facilities in attempts to correct site deficiencies in environmental practices, 

though both companies have since gone bankrupt. In September 1997, the Louisiana Governor 

Mike Foster formally requested that the Delatte Metals site be addressed by USEPA and listed 

on the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL). In September 1998, EPA Region 6 began a 

removal action at the DMI facility. The removal activities consisted of removing above ground 

wastes at the DMI facility, which included piles of slag, dust, and battery chips. Other identified 

source areas removed from the DMI facility included the acid tank farm, furnace building, drums 

of metal-contaminated waste, and tote bags of baghouse dust.

The total volume of waste treated and disposed was 85,444 tons; this represents an increase of 

32,794 tons over the estimated 52,650 tons presented in the September 26, 2000, Record of 

Decision (ROD). The final remedial action cost of $13.1 million is an increase of $3.2 million 

over the ROD estimate of $9.9 million. 

Sources of Information:

Gibson, Kathy (214) 665-7196, Interview 7 December 2005. 

USEPA. “Delatte Industries, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000613738

USEPA. “Delatte Metals.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0600428

USEPA. “Delatte Metals.” RCRAInfo. 2 September 2000. 20 January 2006.

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Delatte Metals.” 26 September 2000. 17 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0600514.pdf
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USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 17 January 

2006.

Additional Contacts:

Kathy Gibson (RPM) (214) 665-7196

Katrina Higgins (RPM) (214) 665-8143

Jon Rinehart (RPM) (214) 665-8575

Rosemary Vazquez (CIC) (214) 665-8575
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Dennis Residence

EPA ID No.: ORQ000020297

Address: 25727 Wildwood Rd. Veneta, OR 97487

County: Lane

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: A complaint was received in March 

2001, alleging that one of the occupants of the residence was trying to extract gold from 

computer circuit boards with strong acids. 

Description of Contamination: During a State Police investigation, thirteen 55 gallon drums of 

chemicals were discovered on the site, many of which had corroded and were releasing 

hazardous constituents into the environment. In addition vats of acid and arsenic had been 

dumped on the ground. Over 6,000 pounds of hazardous waste was removed from the site by the 

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. There was evidence of toxic air releases as well 

as potential drinking water well contamination as a result of this operation.

Sources of Information: 

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Environmental Cleanup Site Information (ECSI) 

Database Site Summary Report – Details for Site ID 3069.” (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/ECSI/ecsidetail.asp?seqnbr=3069

Oregon Electronic Product Advisory Committee. “Report to the 2005 Oregon Legislature.” 

January 2005. 20 January 2006. http://www.econ.state.or.us/ElecProdRpt05.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Geoffrey Brown (Oregon DEQ) (541) 686-7819
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Site Information

Site Name: Diamond State Salvage 

EPA ID No.: DE0000122218

Address: 702 E. 14th Street, Wilmington, DE 19802

County: New Castle

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0304940

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Diamond State Salvage, situated on 

4.25 acres, operated at this site from 1949 to 1992. The owner's father acquired the land from a 

coal and heating oil company in 1949. During this time, full scale salvage operations consisted of 

removing salvageable metals from automobiles, appliances, batteries, empty compressed gas 

cylinders, empty drums, and tanks. The salvage operation used torches or machinery to section 

objects. The most common salvaged materials were aluminum, copper, iron, brass, and lead. The 

metals were then shipped to several scrap metal buyers. Materials which were not of value, such 

as rubber and plastics, were stockpiled on site. Other materials were transported to the local 

landfill. Extensive soil contamination occurred on the site during its operational history. During 

1991 and 1992, operations at Diamond State Salvage consisted mainly of excavating the ground 

surface of the site to locate any metals with salvage value. As a result of this excavation, over 

half of the site is covered with piles of earth mixed with large portions of debris and trash. 

Weathering effects have formed deep ditches and pools along the edges of the debris piles. 

Description of Contamination: The Diamond State Salvage site is a $11.9 million Superfund 

Removal action. The site is contaminated with lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This 

action will mitigate the potential public exposure to and ongoing discharge of lead and PCBs into 

the Christina River/Delaware Watershed. On-site removal of oily waste will likely continue 

through the end of the removal action. Weather permitting, excavation to remove lead and PCB 

contamination in the stream bank and sediments will begin following installation of the water 

diversion structure, which was expected by March 2000, and was expected to be completed in 

late spring or early summer 2000. Additionally, based on the significant amounts of PCBcontaminated oil encountered on-site and under the stream bank, as well as other USEPA costs, 

USEPA is considering a request from the On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) for additional funding to 

allow completion of this removal action, to a total of approximately $16.7 million.

Since May 1998, USEPA has secured and temporarily stabilized the site. Site buildings and 

structures have been demolished and removed. Soil contamination outside the former salvage 

yard property fence has been excavated and restored, and most site contamination has been 
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excavated and properly disposed off-site. Approximately 80,000 tons of contaminated soils have 

been excavated and disposed.

Sources of Information: 

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. “Health Consultation: Diamond State 

Salvage.” 10 July 1998. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/diamond/dss_toc.html

USEPA. “Diamond State Salvage.” CERCLIS 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0304940

USEPA. “Diamond State Salvage.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009273641

USEPA. “Mid-Atlantic Superfund: Diamond State Salvage.” November 2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/DE0000122218.htm

Additional Contacts:

Kevin Boyd (OSC) (215) 814-3418

Vance Evans (CIC) (800) 553-2509, (215) 814-5526

Shawn Garvin (Government Relations) (215) 814-2998

Deborah Carlson (OSC) (304) 234-0249

Peter Schaul, Region 3
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Site Information

Site Name: Dixie Barrel & Drum

EPA ID No.: TND034692632

Address: 2120 Jones Street, Knoxville, TN 37920

County: Knox

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0407666

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Dixie Barrel & Drum Site is an 

abandoned two-story office, warehouse & production facility. The facility formerly operated as a 

steel & plastic drum reconditioning business from about 1976 until closing mid-year in 2002 

under a petition of bankruptcy and after numerous environmental violations went unaddressed by 

the company's officers. Their process included emptying the drum material into on-site storage 

tanks and then cleaning and restoring the drum through a series of chemical processes (using 

acids, caustics, and paints). Numerous violation at the site were found after an inspection on 

August 23, 2001, including waste running in a six-inch wide stream across the facility floor 

where employees worked. 

Currently, approximately $1.2 million has been spent on clean up at this site. 

Description of Contamination: The area was contaminated with numerous hazardous 

substances including lead, chromium, ethyl benzene, and trichloroethylene. Drums stored on site 

were found in poor condition and stored next to other incompatible chemicals thus elevating the 

risk of fire and explosion.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

31 October 2005. 

USEPA. “Dixie Barrel & Drum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0407666

USEPA. “Dixie Barrel & Drum.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/DixieBarrel&Drum

Wills, Jennifer. (Assistant Regional Counsel, EPA Region 4) 404-562-9562 Interview, 21 

November 2005.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Additional Contacts:

David Andrews (OSC) (404) 562-8763, cell: (404) 434-8837, andrews.david@epa.gov

Sherryl Carbonara (CIC) (404) 562-8611

Steve Spurlin (OSC) (731) 394-8996

David Dorian (OSC) 404-562-8767, dorian.david@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Dixie Oil Processors, Inc.

EPA ID No.: TXD089793046

Address: 2505 Choate Rd, Friendswood, Texas 77546

County: Harris

NPL Site: Final: 10/4/1989

In CERCLIS Database: 0600006

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site was originally a copper 

recovery and hydrocarbon washing facility operated by Intercoastal Chemical Company from 

1969 to 1978. In 1978, Dixie began oil recovery including cuprous chloride catalyst, 

hydrocarbon washing, oil washing, and blending/distilling residues. Dixie went on to store 

wastes on site and transport them off site for disposal or recycling and ultimately shut down five 

years later. The original operation used a series of lagoons that are still on site. There is a creek 

that runs along the western border of the site. The site did not have a RCRA permit.

Description of Contamination: Contamination was the result of mismanagement of recyclables. 

Often, materials were left on the ground before being recycled and residuals were left on the 

ground following the recycling process. Spills from the operations have contaminated the nearby 

Mud Gully and Clear Creek. DOP detected lead, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and copper in 

on-site wells. DOP removed 6000 cubic yards of contaminated soil. At least six lagoons with 

accumulated copper sediment and 500 barrels of a copper catalyst are allegedly buried on site.

Sources of Information:

Meyer, John C. (RPM) (214) 665-6742, Interview 8 December 2005. 

USEPA. “Dixie Oil Processors, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0600006

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Dixie Oil Processors.” 31 March 1988. 20 

January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/superrods/index.cfm?fuseaction=data.siterods&siteid=0600006

Additional Contacts: 

John C. Meyer (RPM) (214) 665-6742

Rosemary Vazquez (CIC) (214) 665-8575
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Site Information

Site Name: Don’s Recycling (aka Al Salvaged Auto Parts)

EPA ID No.: FLR000085878

Address: 3141 Sharpe Rd., Apopka, FL 32703

County: Orange

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Don’s Recycling is a 15-acre property 

located at the end of a residential neighborhood which has been used as an automotive 

salvage/scrap metal yard for more than 30 years. In 2002, the Florida State Department of 

Environmental Protection inspected the facility and observed petroleum stains and piles of 

battery casings on a large portion of the property. 

Description of Contamination: The property owner determined the soil lead concentration is 

over TCLP hazardous waste levels. Additionally, the property has petroleum contamination. The 

department is currently working with the property owner to dispose of the contaminated soil and 

continue the assessment. Unfortunately, the original property owner passed away and the heir is 

trying to resume remediation but does not have the financial capability to do so at this time. 

Sources of Information:

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Don’s Recycling.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110012550970

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
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Site Information

Site Name: Dyno Battery Co.

EPA ID No.: WAH000003996

Address: 4248 23rd Ave W, Seattle, WA 98199

County: King

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Dyno Battery is a lead-acid battery 

recycler. The facility melts lead, casts lead grids, pastes lead grids with lead monoxide, and 

places grids with acid into battery casings. The recycling/reclamation of damaged lead grids, 

pasted lead grids, baghouse dust, lead dross and floor sweepings is viewed as legitimate 

recycling. Damaged grids with lead monoxide paste (scrap metal) are sent to RSR in Los 

Angeles. Dross (byproduct) and baghouse dust (characteristic sludge) are shipped to Metalex in 

British Columbia. 

Description of Contamination: The site was investigated in 1998. The soil in the stormwater 

swale behind the facility is contaminated (1.2 percent total lead). The source of the 

contamination appears to be poor housekeeping and storage practices. Fork lifts track dust and 

debris from inside the facility into the alley where it is washed into the swale. Large commercial 

fishing boat batteries and smaller batteries in poor condition are stored in the alley. Pallets used 

to ship batteries are also stored in the alley. These pallets show evidence of acid stains.

Sources of Information: 

Boyd, Andrew. Email to Amy Lile (USEPA Office of Solid Waste). December 2005. 

Information from Washington Department of Ecology’s report to the state legislature in 

2002: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html

EPA Region 10. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste).

20 November 2005. 

USEPA. “Dyno Battery Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000489846

Additional Contacts:

David S. Misko (Hazardous Waste Compliance, Supervisor, Washington Department of Ecology 

– Northwest Regional Office) (425) 649-7014
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Site Information

Site Name: East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc.

EPA ID No.: PAD002330165

Address: Deka Road, Lyon Station, PA 19536

County: Berks

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: East Penn Manufacturing Co., Inc. 

operates a manufacturing facility on 289 acres in a primarily rural area. East Penn manufactures 

lead-acid storage batteries, battery cables, hold downs, terminals, and booster cables and operates 

a secondary lead smelter as part of its battery recycling operations. The site was issued a RCRA 

Permit in June 1988. In June 1998, the permit expired and was reissued in September 2004. The 

site is still in operation. 

Description of Contamination: Onsite soil is contaminated with antimony, lead, and mercury. 

Onsite groundwater is contaminated with chlorinated organics, trichloroethene (TCE), 

trichloroethane, and tetrachloroethene (PCE). Corrective action measures include excavation and 

treatment of contaminated soil and battery case waste (from the past recycling operations), 

improved wastewater treatment facilities, and ongoing groundwater extraction/treatment, and 

monitoring. USEPA went onto the site in 1986 and contamination did occur on the site between 

1980 and 1986. USEPA issued an RCRA Corrective Action Permit to the Facility in 1988. 

RCRA Corrective Action activities at East Penn facility are being conducted under the direction 

of a joint lead by USEPA and Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP). 

Any necessary clean up and monitoring activities are being implemented in accordance with 

USEPA Corrective Action Permit. East Penn excavated and removed approximately 3,800 cubic 

yards of battery case waste and 9,700 cubic yards of contaminated soils above 1,000 parts per 

million (ppm) lead from the Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) Battery Case Landfill. 

Sources of Information: 

Hon, Lee (Project Manager) (215) 814-3419, Interview 18 November 2005. 

USEPA. “East Penn Mfg Co.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Redevelopment and Reuse Fact Sheet East Penn Manufacturing Company.” (n.d.). 22 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/pdf/eastpenn.pdf
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USEPA. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility East Penn Manufacturing 

Co., Inc.” (n.d.). 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/pa/pdf/pad002330165.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Hon Lee (EPA Region 3 Project Manager) (215) 814-3419, lee.hon@epa.gov

Linda Housal (PA Department of Environmental Protection) (717) 705-4919

Douglas A. Donor (Sr. RCRA Technical Advisor) (215) 814-3394, donor.douglas@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Echo Valley Recycling Enterprises

EPA ID No.: MOR000505438 

Address: 15400 N. County Rd 2110, Rolla, MO 65402

County: Phelps

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: A cathode ray tube dump was found in 

Missouri. An electronics reclaimer left a pile of at least 15,000 computer monitors on land 

outside Rolla, Missouri. Missouri Environmental officials say that a reclaimer leased a nearby 

building in which to undertake electronics demanufacturing. When the landlord evicted the 

tenant, the pile of monitors was left behind.

Description of Contamination: Unknown. 

Sources of Information: 

Resource Recycling, May 2003
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Site Information

Site Name: Efros Barrel Co. 

EPA ID No.: RID980732135

Address: RFD #1 Box 1346 Salvas Avenue, Coventry, RI 02825

County: Kent

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0101294

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The 0.42 acre site was an undeveloped 

property prior to 1969. The property was purchased in 1969 by a private owner. From 1969 to 

1990, the property was used to receive, store, and dispatch used 55-gallon drums for recycling. 

Description of Contamination: The Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management 

(RI DEM) Solid Waste Division inspected the property in 1978, and documented five hundred to 

six hundred 55-gallon drums on the property; inspectors also observed spilled material on the 

ground and detected a chemical odor in the ambient air. Analytical results of sampling indicated 

the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), 

pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In spring 1978, RI DEM Division of Air 

Resources received telephone complaints, regarding Efros Barrel. In 1982, a complaint was filed 

with RI DEM Division of Air and Hazardous Materials, which alleged that partially filled drums 

had been disposed of on the property. In 1982, RI DEM issued a Notice of Violation and Order 

to Efros Barrel. There are no groundwater monitoring wells located on the property. In 1981, 

groundwater samples were collected by RI DEM from two drinking water wells located in the 

vicinity of the property. Analytical results indicated the presence of VOCs and groundwater has 

not been sampled since. Analytical results of soil samples collected from the property in 1994, 

indicated the presence of pesticides and metals at concentrations greater than concentrations 

indicated by background samples. Impacts to on-site soils may be partially attributable to 

historical operations at the property.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Efros Barrel Co.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/arcsites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0101294

USEPA. “Efros Barrel Co.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009321723
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USEPA. “Waste Site Cleanup and Reuse in New England: Efros Barrel Co.” 3 February 2003. 

23 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/e2956d1334062e7e85256b420060685f?OpenD

ocument

Additional Contacts:

Gerardo Millán-Ramos (SAM) (617) 918-1377, millan-ramos.gerardo@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Emerald Recycling

EPA ID No.: WAD058367152

Address: 1500 Airport Way S, Seattle, WA 98134

County: King

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Emerald Recycling is involved with 

used oil recycling (crank case, diesel, bunker C, gasoline), solvent recycling, and ethylene glycol 

recycling/distillation and redistribution. 

In the late 1970s, a tank cleaning company (Northwest Tank Service) processed used oil and oily 

waste at the site. From the early 1980s until 1995, a hazardous waste management company, 

Northwest EnviroServices operated under interim status, pending approval of the Part B. From 

1995 to 1999, Northwest Tank Service again used the site for used oil processing until Emerald 

Petroleum, now Emerald Recycling, began operations in 1999. Currently Emerald Recycling, 

Inc. utilizes the site for used oil recycling. Oil and gasoline filters are drained and crushed onsite, 

and the metal is sent offsite for metals reclamation at Nucor Steel. Antifreeze and solvent 

reclamation activities do not take place at this facility but drummed wastes may be held at the 

10-day transfer facility before shipment offsite to the final reclamation facility. 

Description of Contamination: Site contamination was discovered in 1988 after the installation 

of eleven groundwater monitoring wells. The groundwater was found to be contaminated with 

benzene, arsenic, and lead. Subsoil on site was also been found to be contaminated with arsenic, 

lead, and benzopyrene. Analytical results from these wells show the contamination levels have 

remained stable over the years and annual sampling is ongoing. Northwest EnviroService 

continues to oversee the closure of the facility as per the agreement and requirements of the Part 

B permit. 

There has been one formal enforcement action with penalty issued to Emerald Recycling in the 

past five years. This action was the result of Emerald's failure to follow proper check in 

procedures that resulted in a high concentration of PCB oil.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 10. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste).

20 November 2005. 
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USEPA. “Enforcement and Compliance History Online: Detailed Facility Report.” October –

December 2005. 17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/cgi-bin/get1cReport.cgi.

Washington State Department of Ecology. “Information from Toxic Cleanup Sites Program 

Documentation of Environmental Indicator Determination.”

March 2003. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/cleanup.nsf/0/cc222b8059fa7b3488256e0100668a31/$FILE/

WA7152.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Trudy Harding, Hazardous Waste Inspector (Washington Department of Ecology-NWRO) (425) 

649-7289
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Site Information:

Site Name: Encycle/Texas Inc.

EPA ID No.: TXD008117186

Address: 5500 Up River Road, Corpus Christi, TX 78407

County: Nueces

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Description of Recycling Operation: Process and recover usable materials from metal bearing 

waste streams such as waste sludge generated from plating operations (F006 series), bag house 

dust and spent catalyst. The metals recovered include copper, nickel, lead, chromium, zinc, 

cadmium and some precious metals. USEPA and Texas Natural Resource Conservation 

Commission (TNRCC) alleged that Encycle/Texas, Inc., ASARCO’s wholly-owned subsidiary 

in Corpus Christi, violated RCRA by failing to properly manage hazardous waste and otherwise 

engaging in unlawful recycling practices. The company has settled with the government.

A RCRA permit was issued to the facility in September 1988. 

Description of Contamination: The USEPA and TNRCC won a case in 1999 that 

Encycle/Texas, Inc., ASARCO's wholly-owned subsidiary in Corpus Christi, violated the 

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act at the facility by failing to properly manage hazardous 

waste and otherwise engaging in unlawful recycling practices. Releases of metals such as 

arsenic, lead, and mercury have resulted in on-site and off-site soil contamination that will 

require some remedial action. 

Under the agreement, ASARCO will implement site-wide corrective action at the Encycle/Texas 

plant and will undertake a project expected to prevent the burial of more than half a million 

pounds of potentially cancer-causing and toxic material each year in hazardous waste landfills. 

ASARCO also will implement an innovative new technology, electrowinning, to fully reclaim 

metals from waste brought to the facility costing $15 million. In addition, the company will clean 

up and dedicate to the public a 30-acre conservation area in Corpus Christi including trails, an 

environmental education area, and a permanent site for an air monitoring station.

Sources of Information

Federal Register (Volume 64, Number 85) Page 23858-23859. “Notice of Consent Decree Under 

The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and Clean Water Act.” 4 May 1999. 25 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/1999/May/Day-04/f11074.htm
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Toxic Texas. “Corpus Christi’s Refinery Row.”1 March 2006. 

http://www.txpeer.org/toxictour/corpus_christi.html

USEPA. “Asarco will Address Alleged Hazardous Waste, Clean Water Violations.” 15 April 

1999. 20 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/11a3a77209f154858525675b006d30f2?Open

Document

USEPA. “Encycle Texas Inc.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006.
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Site Information

Site Name: Energy Savings LTD, Inc

EPA ID No.: FLR000032821

Address: 3080 Fowler St., Fort Myers, FL 33901

County: Lee

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Energy Savings LTD, Inc is a lamp 

recycling company, which was junking the bulbs into a dumpster out back. The site was 

abandoned for the landowner to clean up.

Description of Contamination: Unknown

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Energy Savings.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005642698

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: ENRX, Inc. (formerly Voelker Analysis)

EPA ID No.: NYD991291782 

Address: 766 Babcock St., Buffalo, NY 14206 

County: Erie

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This company was a permitted 

hazardous waste chlorinate organic recovery facility until the permit was revoked in 1989. The 

source of contamination is unclear, though the initial recycling process was conducted without 

secondary containment. This was corrected when ENRX, Inc. acquired the site in 1987, but they 

did not remove inventory from the original building, so leaking drums could have contributed to 

the contamination. 

In October 1994, the USEPA announced a proposed settlement with the ENRX Site and the 

Buffalo Warehousing Site. Both sites violated CERCLA and the settlement was entered into by 

USEPA and 91 parties. Under the agreement, the parties would pay USEPA $1,006,000.00 plus 

interest to reimburse USEPA for costs incurred at the respective sites. 

Description of Contamination: Source of contamination is unclear; leaking drums from 

improper could have contributed to the contamination. 

Sources of Information: 

Federal Register. “Environmental Documents: Proposed Administrative Cost Recovery 

Agreement Under Section 122(h)(1) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 

Compensation and Liability Act, Regarding the ENRX Site and the Buffalo Warehousing 

Site, Buffalo, NY.” 17 October 1994. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/1994/October/Day-17/pr-23.html

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. “Monthly Hotline Report.” October 1994. 19 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hotline/94report/10_94.txt

USEPA. “ENRX Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000616682
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “ENRX Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 21 November 2000.

Additional Contacts:

Albert Steele (716) 864-7313
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Environmental Pacific Corporation

EPA ID No.: ORD980977334

Address: 111 W 4th St. #B, Amity, Oregon 97101 

County: Yamhill

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: Environmental Pacific Corporation 

was a battery recycler. In December 1990, the facility was sited for hazardous waste spills. EPC 

agreed to immediately cease receipt of all hazardous waste, remove all waste, decontaminate all 

hazardous waste storage tanks, and ship batteries stored at a Port of Portland terminal to a 

federally approved hazardous waste storage facility. The facility ceased operations and filed for 

bankruptcy in January 1993.

In January 1994, the site entered into a consent degree with Environmental Pacific Corporation 

requiring the site to reimburse USEPA $113,055 for response costs under CERCLA and $60,163 

under RCRA corrective action. In October 1997, a consent decree ordered the site to reimburse 

USEPA $83,953.68 for past costs incurred by USEPA at the site. The site was never issued a 

RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Soil was contaminated with cadmium, mercury and sulfuric 

acid. Several spills occurred at the site. On October 14, 1986, 270 lbs. of sulfuric acid (battery 

electrolyte) were spilled. The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) inspected the 

facility in December 1990 and issued a Notice of Violation (NOV). The Oregon DEQ and 

Environmental Pacific Corporation agreed on a $32,000 enforcement action settlement. EPC 

agreed to immediately cease receipt of all hazardous waste, remove all waste, decontaminate all 

hazardous waste storage tanks, and ship batteries stored at a Port of Portland terminal to a 

federally-approved hazardous waste storage facility. 

Sources of Information: 

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, “Environmental Cleanup Site Information (ECSI) 

Database Site Summary Report – Details for Site ID 38.” (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/ECSI/ecsidetail.asp?seqnbr=38

USEPA. “Environmental Pacific Corp.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/arcsites/csitinfo.cfm?id=1001703
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-186

USEPA. “Environmental Pacific Corp Sup.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Monthly Hotline Report.” January 1994. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hotline/94report/01_94.txt

USEPA. “Notice of Lodging of Consent Decree Pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental 

Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.” 15 October 1997. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-GENERAL/1997/October/Day-15/g27210.htm

Additional Contacts: 

Gil Wistar (Oregon DEQ) (503) 229-5512, wistar.gil@deq.state.or.us
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Site Information

Site Name: Environmental Processing Services

EPA ID No.: OHD000608588

Address: 416 Leo St, Dayton, OH 45404

County: Montgomery

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Environmental Processing Services was 

a solvent recycler and fuel blender. The facility is out of business. The site never had a RCRA 

permit. 

Description of Contamination: Groundwater is contaminated with VOCs. Environmental 

damage occurred in the 1980s into the early 90s by storage prior to recycling. Waste was stored 

in an onsite parking lot (unpermitted unit) because waste was determined upon receipt to be not 

amenable for recycle. Seven hundred drums of waste were stored for an extended period of time 

in the parking lot while an alternative management method was determined. Leakage occurred 

during the time the drums were stored in the lot. 

Sources of Information:

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “Environmental Processing Services.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 22 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000616735

USEPA. “Environmental Processing Services.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 

2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us. 

William Cernatic (Contact/Regulatory) (513) 222-1062
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Site Information

Site Name: Environmental Waste Resources, Inc.

EPA ID No.: ILD087157251

Address: 2390 South Broadway Street & Reed Road, Coal City, IL 60416

County: Grundy

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0500488

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Environmental Waste Resources, Inc. 

(EWR), a Connecticut corporation, operated this treatment, storage, and recycling facility from 

1976 to 1997. During its operation EWR accepted hazardous and non-hazardous waste in bulk 

and container shipments. On July 8, 1997, EWR filed a voluntary petition under Chapter 11 of 

the U.S. Bankruptcy Act (Case No. 97-32784). When EWR's bankruptcy proceeding converted 

to a Chapter 7 proceeding on February 3, 1998, EWR abandoned the site, including hazardous 

substances, pollutants and contaminants. The waste remained on the site in deteriorating drums, 

and bulk tanks. The waste contained elevated concentrations of volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs) as well as lower concentrations of other VOCs and semi volatile organic compounds 

(SVOCs). In addition, approximately 40 compressed gas cylinders, many containing flammable 

gases, were left in outdoor areas of the site. Numerous laboratory chemicals including, 

concentrated acids, bases, flammables, oxidizers, poisons, and radioactive material were left in 

an onsite laboratory building. 

Description of Contamination: Site abandonment as a result of the company’s bankruptcy 

claim led to significant environmental damage. Shortly after EWR filed for bankruptcy the 

Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) conducted a site investigation and referred it to 

USEPA for response actions. USEPA conducted an emergency site assessment which identified 

831 full drums containing both hazardous and non-hazardous waste; several hundred empty and 

partially full drums stored in three semi-trailers; 23 aboveground tanks in outdoor tank farms, 

most full to capacity of 10,000 to 50,000 gallons each; 4 aboveground tanks in the process 

building; 29 compressed gas cylinders; and a variety of laboratory chemicals. The inspections 

also revealed numerous wastewater violations, including discharges into the municipal sewer 

system containing copper, lead, chromium, cyanide, nickel, oil and grease, tin, zinc, cadmium 

and other chemicals in excess of limits established in EWR's Wastewater Discharge Permit. 

As of September 2004, cleanup expenditures at this site total $260,768.89.
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Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Environmental Waste Resources.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0500488

USEPA. “Environmental Waste Resources, Inc.” RCRAInfo. 15 September 2000. 20 January 

2006. 

USEPA. “Environmental Waste Resources Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 25 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000912932

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2006. 16 January 

2006.

Additional Contacts:

Stavros Emmanouil (312) 886-1768
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Site Information

Site Name: Enviropur West Corporation

EPA ID No.: CA0001562370 

Address: 1835 E. 29th St., Signal Hill, CA 90806

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0905333

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Enviropur West Corporation treated 

hazardous waste and waste oil at its Signal Hill facility from 1984 until it went bankrupt in 1996. 

The Bankruptcy Trustee abandoned the Enviropur West property in September 1996, leaving 

behind tanks and drums containing approximately 1 million gallons of ignitable hazardous waste. 

The site also included abandoned tank trucks and semitrailers full of drums of waste. Many of 

the tanks and drums were rusted through and were releasing extremely hazardous organic vapors.

Description of Contamination: The tanks and drums were releasing extremely hazardous 

organic vapors. 

The State of California asked USEPA for assistance with the site. USEPA immediately 

addressed the emergency by maintaining the flare vapor recovery system, providing site security 

at Enviropur and removing the waste for off-site treatment. 

USEPA’s legal team went to work finding potentially responsible parties to pay for the removal. 

USEPA has reached a proposed agreement with some of the major generators, including 14 

federal agencies—primarily military—and nine private parties. Under the proposed agreement, 

these major generators will pay for 75 percent of the removal costs (estimated at $2.49 million). 

USEPA intends to pursue nonsettlers for the remaining costs of removal of the aboveground 

waste. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Enviropur West Corporation.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0905333

USEPA. “Enviropur West Corporation.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000610269
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USEPA. “EPA Responds to Emergency at Abandoned Facility: EPA Reaches Settlement to Pay 

for Waste Removal at Enviropur West Corporation.” June 1997. 16 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/fsheet.nsf/024bc4d43f9aa0f48825650f005a714e/18325

29aa3e920268825655b006ed2e1/$FILE/ENVPUR.PDF

Additional Contacts:

Richard Martyn (OSC) 415-744-2288

Jere Johnson (SAM) 415-972-3094

Matt Mitguard (SAM) 415-972-3096

Dawn Richmond (SAM) 415-972-3097
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Site Information:

Site Name: Exide Technologies (formerly GNB Technologies, Inc.)

EPA ID No.: GAD070330576

Address: 3639 Joy Road, Columbus, GA 31906 

County: Muscogee

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: The Exide site has had historic 

operations since the 1950s. An old smelter operated onsite until the mid-90s, and a new smelter 

was opened in the late 90s. Exide's Battery Recycling Plant recycles lead in used lead-acid 

batteries and various other lead wastes. The process consists of battery breaking, desulfurization, 

drying, smelting, refining, and casting. In the battery breaking area, the solid lead and lead paste 

are separated from the plastic casing. The lead paste (primarily lead sulfate) is desulfurized using 

sodium carbonate to form lead carbonate and sodium sulfate. The lead carbonate is reunited with 

solid lead and dried in the Rotary Material Dryer. The sodium sulfate is crystallized and sold as a 

by-product. The dried lead from the Rotary Material Dryer is stored in bunkers, from which it is 

charged to the Reverb Furnace for smelting. After smelting, the lead is poured into large kettles 

where it is refined and cast into ingots. The slag produced by the Reverb Furnace is conveyed to 

the Rotary Furnace for recovery of remaining lead. The lead from the Rotary Furnace is 

transferred to the kettles for refining and casting. 

The sulfuric acid from used batteries is chemically converted to sodium sulfate crystals. The 

plastic from used battery housings is recovered and sold as plastic chips. 

The Exide site was also used to manufacture and distribute new batteries. 

The operations at Exide were considered legitimate; however materials were not managed to 

minimize loss, a key criterion for recycling legitimacy. 

This facility is currently in RCRA Corrective Action. The facility was issued a RCRA permit (in 

March 1988 and April 1998) for storage of the old batteries used in the smelting operation. The 

smelting facility operated with a recycling exemption from RCRA. 

Description of Contamination: Improper storage and containment systems for plastic battery 

casings and lead platelets resulted in significant soil and groundwater contamination by lead, 

chromium and battery acid. Contamination, which occurred after RCRA was in effect, resulted 
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from many aspects of the process besides storage. Trucks bringing the batteries to the site often 

leaked battery fluids. The battery cracking operation was messy, resulting in many leaks. 

Georgia’s Environmental Protection Division fined the company consistently. The estimated 

closure cost is $8,890,000 and the total cost is approximately $8,089,570. 

Sources:

Georgia Environmental Protection Division. “Facility Information: Exide Technologies.”

Georgia Title V Application Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://airpermit.dnr.state.ga.us/gatv/TitleV.asp

Slewinsky, Jim. Georgia Environmental Protection Division. Interview, 21 November 2005.

Smith, Mark (Hazardous Waste Management Branch, Georgia Department of Natural 

Resources). Letter to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 21 February 2005.

USEPA. “Exide Technologies Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000361359. 

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 20 January 2006.

Contacts:

Penny Gaynor (Georgia Environmental Protection Division) Geologist Managing Cleanup (404) 

656-2833 

Jim Slewinsky (Georgia Environmental Protection Division)

Jim McNamara (404) 656-7802 

Jim Ussery (Georgia Environmental Protection Division) Program Manager, Facilities 

Compliance Program (404) 656-2833 

Dave Yardumian, Unit Manager, Combustion and Treatment Unit 5/24 (404) 656-2833
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Far Star

EPA ID No.: TNN000407643

Address: 979 Horse Mountain Road, Shelbyville, TN

County: Bedford

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 407643

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The former Far Star company recycled 

cassette tapes, compact discs, and vinyl phonograph record components during the mid 1990's. 

The recycling process included a wash line containing sodium hydroxide to dissolve and remove 

the labeling from the media. Unprocessed media was stored outside of the building. 

Description of Contamination: Far Star was issued an order by the Tennessee Department of 

Environment and Conservation (TDEC) Division of Solid Waste Management (DSWM) for 

improper storage and disposal of waste dated November, 1996. Far Star failed to comply with 

the order. TDEC inspectors discovered that the facility had been abandoned in 2001. A vast 

number of abandoned drums, many of which were unlabeled, were corroded and/or leaking at the 

site. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Far Star.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0407643

USEPA. “Far Star.” On-Scene Coordinator. (n.d.) 20 January 2006. www.epaosc.net/FarStar

Additional Contacts:

Terrence Byrd (OSC) byrd.terrence@epa.gov, 404-562-8755

Bob Bittinger, R4 POLREP distribution list, ERRB bittinger.bob@epa.gov

David Randolph, TDEC State Representative david.randolph@state.tn.us

Steve Spurlin (OSC) (731) 394-8996

Jackie Harvey, EPA, 404-562-8882
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Site Information

Site Name: Federated Metals

EPA ID No.: CAD009134636

Address: 1901 Army St. San Francisco, CA 94124

County: San Francisco

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site was previously owned by 

Federated Metals Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of ASARCO. Historic operations at 

the site included the production of lead and brass ingots. Materials used in the production of 

these ingots were brass and bronze scrap metals, oxides of tin and lead, and pure forms of tin and 

lead. Oxides formed during the company’s smelting process to produce the ingots were removed 

and deposited onsite. DTSC estimates that during Federated Metals Corporation’s operations at 

the site from 1939 to 1987 approximately 122 cubic yards of lead slag and 1,500 cubic yards of 

crushed and washed battery boxes (manufactured before 1950) were deposited on the property.

Description of Contamination: DTSC found levels of lead and mercury in the site’s soil above 

USEPA industrial soil screening levels, and in spring 2003 the site was graded and paved with 

asphalt. A deed restriction was placed on the property to limit future uses of the site to industrial 

or commercial redevelopment. Bridgeview Management Company, the current property owner, 

has agreed to maintain the site.

The $100,000 cleanup, certified in November 2003, was funded with state monies. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances and Control. “DTSC Certifies Federated Metals 

Site.” 12 December 2003. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PressRoom/upload/NEWS_2003_T-37-03.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances and Control. “Federated Metals Site Cleanup.” (n.d). 

23 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=38330005

USEPA. “Federated Metals Corp.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002635328
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Additional Contacts:

Edgardo Gillera - (510) 540-3826, EGILLERA@dtsc.ca.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Feldman Barrel & Drum

EPA ID No.: NYD013721907

Address: 35 Newell Street, Buffalo, NY 14206

County: Erie

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0204376

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Feldman Barrel & Drum Site is an 

inactive drum reconditioning facility located at 35 Newell Street in Buffalo, Erie County, New 

York. The facility is located in a predominately industrial and commercial section of Buffalo, 

however, there are some residential homes bordering the site to the East. According to the 

owner/operator, the site has been inactive since May 2001. Information supplied by the owner 

stated that Feldman Barrel & Drum ceased operating when some of their major accounts were 

terminated.

A private citizen called the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation 

(NYSDEC) when children found numerous drums and detected an unidentifiable odor inside an 

abandoned building on the site. The NYSDEC subsequently performed an inspection on June 27, 

2002 and found several hundred drums in various stages of deterioration. Drums were found 

with corrosive and flammable labels. The NYSDEC requested response and removal assistance 

from the USEPA. According to a January 30, 2003 On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) Pollution 

Report (4), the total project cleanup is budgeted to cost $780,000.

Description of Contamination: On July 1, 2002, USEPA and the Removal Support Team 

(RST) contractor conducted a preliminary assessment and collected drum, tank, and floor drain 

samples from within this abandoned drum reconditioning facility. A total of 439 drums, in severe 

stages of deterioration, were identified within the building, of which an estimated 400-420 

contained waste materials. A 3,500 gallon caustic bath tank and a 500 gallon caustic pre-flush 

tank were identified and found to contain a caustic liquid and sludge like material. On site results 

detected primarily caustic liquids and sludges (pH 12-14) and flammable liquids in a majority of 

the samples collected.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Feldman Barrel & Drum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204376
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USEPA. “Feldman Barrel & Drum.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110012535319

USEPA. “Feldman Barrel & Drum.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/feldmanbarrel

USEPA. “Pollution Report: Feldman Barrel & Drum.” 30 January 2003. 

Additional Contacts:

Jeff M. Bechtel (OSC) 732-906-6807, bechtel.jeff@epa.gov

Cris D’Onofrio (OSC) 

Bob Moody, Response Manager 267-540-0048, rmoody@wrsie.com
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Site Information:

Site Name: Florida Petroleum Reprocessors 

EPA ID No.: FLD984184127

Address: 3211 S.W. 50th Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314

County: Broward

NPL Site: Final: 3/06/098

In CERCLIS Database: 0406469

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: This site is a former waste oil 

reprocessing facility that operated from 1979 through 1992 under various names. Operations 

were generally reported to include the collection of waste oil (i.e., used motor oil, surplus fuels, 

marine oils and slops, hydraulic oils, aviation oils, and fuels) from local automotive, agricultural, 

and marine enterprises. Millions of gallons of waste oil were processed at this facility. Incoming 

waste oils were generally filtered, graded according to water content, and stored on site in large 

bulk tanks. The waste oil was typically sold as fuel or to other waste oil marketers. Current 

records indicate that more than 15 million gallons of waste oil were processed at this facility. 

FDEP stated that there was hazardous waste on the site but it was difficult to prove its existence. 

Description of Contamination: Although little is known about the actual waste handling 

practices at the site, studies conducted by the USEPA show that former operations at the facility 

resulted in contamination of surface and subsurface soils and groundwater by oil and grease, 

organic chemicals common to gasoline, and chlorinated cleaning and degreasing solvents. The 

studies showed that contaminants were found in a concentrated form floating on top of the water 

table, as well as in a dispersed form mixed with the underlying groundwater. Contaminants have 

migrated downward from land surface to a depth of 200 feet into the aquifer. 

USEPA's comprehensive investigation of the facility in 1998 documented a plume of 

groundwater contamination over 600 acres in size, extending into the Biscayne aquifer to a depth 

over 140 feet, as well as high levels of contaminated soil and residual amounts of highly 

concentrated non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL). These contaminants are believed to have 

resulted in the contamination of the Peele-Dixie Wellfield in 1986. In 1997, USEPA removed 

numerous containers from the site. In 1999, a second removal action excavated approximately 

6000 tons of highly contaminated soil to a depth of approximately 15 feet. A third removal 

action from 2001-2003 was very successful in removing the bulk of contaminants in the 

subsurface soil through in-situ treatment of subsurface contaminants via chemical oxidation. 
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Samples collected by USEPA from aboveground tanks indicated the presence of 1,1-

dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethene, and tetrachloroethene. Two contaminants, 

1,1-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride, are present in the groundwater at levels high enough to be 

a potential health concern. 

The cleanup cost at this site was estimated at $4,200,000; however, cleanup costs may reach $6-

$7 million. 

Sources of Information:

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. “Health Consultation: Florida 

Petroleum Reprocessors.” 2 June 1997. 20 January 2006.

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/florpet/fpr.html

Brad Jackson (EPA Superfund Project Manager Region 4) 404-562-8925, Interview 11/21/2005

EPA Region 4. “EPA Record of Decision: Florida Petroleum Reprocessors.” March 2001. 20 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplfls/fprrod.pdf

USEPA. “Florida Petroleum Reprocessors.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406469

USEPA. “Florida Petroleum Reprocessors.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009328049

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Florida Petroleum Reprocessors.” 12 December 2005. 20 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplfls/flpetrfl.htm

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us

Brad Jackson (EPA Superfund Project Manager Region 4) (404) 562-8925, 

Jackson.brad@epa.gov

Paul Wierzbicki (District Office FDEP SE District Office) (561) 681-6677

Jennifer K. Wills (Assistant Regional Counsel USEPA, Region 4) 404-562-9562
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Franklin Burn

EPA ID No.: NJD986570992

Address: Marshall Mill Road, Franklin Township, NJ 08322

County: Gloucester

NPL Site: Final: 6/17/1996

In CERCLIS Database: 0204087

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The overall site is made up of seven 

land parcels ranging from 480 square feet to 15,000 square feet. To burn off plastic materials 

coating insulated wires and other electrical components, each parcel had a series of controlled 

fires set by local individuals. They then recovered and resold the exposed copper wiring. The 

burnings took place on open, unprotected ground, and created contaminated piles of ash and 

areas of contaminated soil. Site burning operations began as early as 1960 and ceased in 1988. 

The site has remained inactive since that time. In 1988 illegal activity at the site was reported in 

to the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP). NJDEP contacted the 

USEPA, which conducted assessment and removal activities until completion in 1997. 

Individuals burning plastics coated wires and other electrical components were engaged in illegal 

activities, subject to criminal prosecution. Franklin Burn – and the activities occurring there –

were unknown to the public until anonymously reported in 1988. Not all responsible parties were 

found, and those found were considered insolvent (not fiscally able to support cleanup). Though 

the total cost of recovery action including all excavation and remedial cleanup was 

$8,765,961.70, USEPA expenditure spreadsheets from September 2005 list the cleanup 

expenditure as $3,257,798.69.

Description of Contamination: Ash piles and surface soils onsite were found to contain high 

levels of metals, including cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, and lead. Some ash piles also 

contained low levels of one or more of the following: pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls 

(PCBs), dioxins, furans and organics. USEPA found PCBs in the soil as well. Initially, there was 

concern about the potential of the dioxin contamination, due to the burning of plastics, but only 

minimal levels of dioxins were actually found. Likewise, contamination did not affect local 

groundwater. From November 1992 through May 1993, USEPA removed more than 10,000 tons 

of debris from the Franklin Burn site.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2. “Franklin Burn Site Profile.” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0204087c.pdf 
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EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Proposes Plan to Address Franklin Township Superfund Site.” 

22 August 2001. 18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2001/01104.htm

Naman, Ron (212) 637-4375, Interview 21 November 2005

USEPA. “Franklin Burn.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204087

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2005. 18 January 

2006.
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Site Information

Site Name: Franklin Slag Pile (MDC Industries, Inc.) 

EPA ID No.: PASFN0305549

Address: 3110 Castor Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19134

County: Philadelphia

NPL Site: Final: 9/5/2002

In CERCLIS Database: 0305549

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The MDC site comprises approximately 

4 acres and contains a large copper slag pile of 68,000 cubic yards called the Franklin Slag Pile. 

The slag in the pile was a byproduct of the nearby copper smelting operation of Franklin 

Smelting and Refinery Corporation (FSRC). The slag was bought, stored, and then sold by MDC 

Industries, Inc. (MDC). MDC had been selling the slag as grit for sandblasting, in 50-lb bags and 

by the truckload, since the 1950s. MDC ceased operations and abandoned the site on December 

30, 1999, due to bankruptcy. The Franklin Slag Pile was not a RCRA-permitted facility. 

Description of Contamination: While in operation, materials from the Franklin Slag Pile 

migrated beyond property boundaries in all directions. Slag was observed on sidewalks, caked on 

storm drains emptying into the Delaware River, in a wetland area, and being carried offsite by 

the wind. In December 1999, MDC was cited by EPA Region 3 for releasing lead in storm water 

run-off that was captured by storm drains and discharged into the Delaware River. After 

operation ceased, elevated levels of heavy metals were found onsite and offsite of the MDC 

property, as contaminants leaked from the perimeter of the Franklin Slag Pile during storage. The 

contamination was cumulative, occurring throughout the 40-plus year operation. Air was 

contaminated with beryllium, copper and lead. Slag samples revealed leachable concentrations of 

lead above 35,000 μg/L and total lead concentrations above 9,000 mg/kg. Other contaminants 

include beryllium, copper, and lead in the air. In 2000, USEPA conducted emergency cleanup 

activities, removing 12,000 tons of contaminated soil and slag, 246 tons of hazardous debris, and 

20 tons of bagged slag.

Sources of Information:

Matzko, Kristine (RPM) (215) 814-5719, Interview 17 June 2005. 

Taylor, Trish (CIC) (215) 814-5539, Interview 15 June 2005. 
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USEPA. “Community Involvement Plan for the Franklin Slag Pile Superfund Site.” January 

2006. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PASFN0305549/cip/01-2006.pdf

USEPA. “Franklin Slag Pile (MDC).” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 22 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0305549

USEPA. “Franklin Slag Pile Superfund Site Frequently Asked Questions.” September 2004. 22 

January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PASFN0305549/fs/FAQ092104.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Franklin Slag Pile.” April 2004. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/PASFN0305549.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Franklin Slag Pile (MDC).” 5 September 2002. 22 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0305549.pdf

Additional Contacts

Kristine Matzko (RPM) (215) 814-5719, matzko.kristine@epa.gov

Trish Taylor (CIC) (215) 814-5539, taylor.trish@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: G2 Revolution

EPA ID No.: OHR000163139

Address: 200 Stanford Parkway, Findlay, OH, 45840

County: Hancock

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: G2 Revolution operates as a 

recycler/repackager of various commercial products including but not limited to: nail polish, nail 

polish remover, various aerosols (hair spray, fragrances, tanners), liquid hand sanitizer, plastics 

(HDPE, PET, PP, LDPE), soaps, cosmetics, alcohol based perfumes, fragrance oils and glycols, 

and spray paints. Specific volumes are unknown at this time but total volumes of materials are 

estimated at over 10,000 gallons of liquids and over 50,000 pounds of solids.

Description of Contamination: The G2 Revolution facility caught fire at approximately 8:30 

AM on November 18, 2011. The source of the fire is believed to be a burner fueled by waste

hand sanitizer. The fire then spread throughout the approximately 52,000 square foot facility. 

Smoke from the fire resulted in the evacuation of some nearby businesses and an advisory for 

those downwind to stay out of the smoke and/or stay indoors.

Runoff from the fire suppression efforts entered area storm sewers and discharged to drainage 

ditches to the west and south of the facility and eventually discharged to the Blanchard River. 

Initial efforts to divert run-off to the Findlay Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) were 

discontinued due to concerns that contaminants in the run-off may impact the biological 

treatment at the plant. The run-off did result in a fish kill in Oil Ditch.

Run-off entering the ditch flowed to the Blanchard River which is located approximately 1.5 

miles from the facility. Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Wildlife was on scene 

to begin investigating a fish kill in the drainage ditch. Over 100 dead fish were reported. Several 

species of fish were noted that included: several species of minnows (darters, daces, creek 

chubs), blue gill, and catfish. 

Because of the quantity run-off from the fire fighting efforts entering the Blanchard River, the 

water intake for the City of Ottawa approximately 22.5 miles downstream was temporarily shut 

down until the river flow would have carried runoff beyond the intake. Also, analysis of water of 

sampling data by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) indicated that 

use of water from the Blanchard River as a drinking water source was not a health concern. 

ATSDR also analyzed air monitoring data and concluded that levels of volatile organic 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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compounds (VOCs) near the source during the smoldering/overhaul/hot spot phase did not pose 

an acute health hazard.

In response to the fire, contractors hired by G2 Revolution installed diffusers in Oil Ditch, sealed 

all surrounding storm and sanitary sewer manholes, and constructed an earthen berm around the 

facility to contain any run-off generated by fire suppression or rainfall. Exposed portions of the 

facility were fenced off for safety reasons and to prevent unauthorized access. In addition, 

material staged and stored outside of the impacted warehouses was transported off-site for 

storage. 

On November 22, 2011, four days after the fire, the site was released by Findlay Fire Department 

to G2 Revolution to begin cleanup. Five 20,000 gallon frac tanks on site were filled with 

contained run-off water. Samples of this water were collected and submitted to the municipal 

WWTP On November 23, 2011 the WWTP gave permission to the G2 Revolution contractors to 

discharge the contained run-off to the sanitary sewer at a rate of up to 20,000 gallons per day.

The Site has been turned over to Ohio EPA for oversight of long term cleanup.

Sources of Information:

1. U. S. EPA. On-Scene Coordinator Website. G2 Revolution POLREP #1. Accessed 

December 2011.

http://www.epaosc.org/site/sitrep_profile.aspx?site_id=7445&counter=16670

2. U. S. EPA. On-Scene Coordinator Website. G2 Revolution POLREP #2. Accessed 

December 2011.

http://www.epaosc.org/site/sitrep_profile.aspx?site_id=7445&counter=16676

3. U. S. EPA. Facility Registry System, G-2 Revolution. Accessed December 2011. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=OHR0

00163139&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=RCRAINFO
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company

EPA ID No.: PAD003009362

Address: 2664 Emmitsburg Rd., Gettysburg, PA 17325

County: Adams 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This 49-acre site was used as a 

secondary aluminum smelter producing aluminum ingots from recycled aluminum. The company 

recycled about 100 million pounds of aluminum scrap each year. It was in operation from 1956 

to March 13, 1997. 

Description of Contamination: Site activities resulted in large quantities of dross waste, which 

consisted of salts, impurities, aluminum oxides and other metals being deposited on site. In July 

2000, the former owners of the now-defunct facility, Creed F. White and Robert L. White were 

each sentenced to one year of confinement and five years of probation. The owners pled guilty in 

March 2000 to felony charges of intentional disposal of hazardous waste, operating an illegal 

hazardous waste treatment facility and misdemeanor charges of operating an illegal residual 

waste disposal facility, air pollution and surface and ground water pollution. The Whites also 

pleaded guilty to polluting the wetlands, which is a summary offense. In addition, Creed White 

pleaded guilty to a second-degree felony charge of operating an illegal hazardous waste storage 

facility. Two former owners of the now-defunct Gettysburg Foundry Specialist Co. have pleaded 

guilty in Adams County Court to multiple criminal charges of illegally dumping tons of 

hazardous waste. The environmental crimes violations resulted in an estimated $5 million 

cleanup of severe soil, water and wetlands contamination. The owners were ordered to pay up to 

$5.5 million in restitution for the cleanup of the former foundry site. The now-defunct 

Gettysburg Foundry Specialist Company was also ordered to pay $33,100 in fines.

The owners instructed their employees to dump baghouse dust, a black powdery material created 

during the foundry process, into a pit about the size of a football field. The dust, containing 

cadmium and lead, was collected in the foundry’s filtration system and emptied into 55 gallon 

drums that were buried in the pit. Approximately 2,000 pounds of baghouse dust was produced 

each month at the foundry. Emissions from the baghouse collection system created air pollution 

that migrated into neighboring properties. 90 tons of baghouse dust was illegally stored in barrels 

at the foundry. Furnace waste from burning scrap metals in the aluminum casting process was 
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also buried in the pit. The dross contained high concentrations of aluminum, copper, zinc and 

chromium. The owners were also charged with illegally mixing baghouse dust with residual 

waste that was hauled to two landfills that were not permitted to accept hazardous waste. The 

landfill companies were unaware they were accepting hazardous waste.

Sources of Information: 

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. “DEP Orders Gettysburg Foundry to 

Shut Down Furnace.” 22 November 1996. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/polycomm/update/11-22-96/11229616.htm

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. “Former Foundry Owners Plead Guilty 

to Environmental Crimes.” 17 March 2000. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/polycomm/update/03-17-00/031700u2.htm

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. “Gettysburg Foundry Owners Sentenced 

to Prison.” 21 July 2000. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/polycomm/update/07-21-00/072100u4.htm

USEPA. “Gettysburg Foundry Specialties Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000841386

Wolf, Cindy (File Room) (717) 705-4700, Interview 15 November 2005.

Additional Contacts:

Sandy Roderick (PA DEP): (717) 705-4931

Susan Frank (PA DEP): (717) 705-4931
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Gibson Environmental

EPA ID No.: CAD980883177

Address: 2401 Gibson St., Bakersfield, CA 93301

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Gibson Environmental is an abandoned 

treatment and storage facility for waste oil and contaminated soil that operated from 1978 until 

1995. The property had been operated as an oil refinery since the 1940s. In 1978 Gibson Oil and 

Refining bought the subject property and constructed a crude oil refining operation, which it 

operated on the site until 1986. From June 1987 to October 1995 the site was operated as Gibson 

Environmental and was primarily a used oil storage and soil treatment facility. It received used 

oil, and certain other oily wastes as well as contaminated soils, which were treated using a 

fixation process on-site. 

The facility operated under a hazardous waste part B permit which was issued by the Department 

of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) on June 28, 1988, and was given interim status 

authorization obtained for newly regulated wastes on September 18, 1990. The permit and 

interim status authorization terminated on February 4, 1998 when DTSC denied the facility’s 

permit renewal and permit application, based in part on repeated violations, including:

• unauthorized acceptance, storage and treatment of hazardous waste;

• failure to comply with design and operating requirements for hazardous waste piles;

• failure to comply with water quality monitoring requirements; and

• failure to provide required liability insurance and closure cost financial assurance.

In October 1994, DTSC filed a civil lawsuit against the owners and operators of Gibson 

Environmental alleging numerous violations of hazardous waste laws. Gibson filed for 

bankruptcy and in 1995 stopped accepting new waste.

Description of Contamination: DTSC issued an Imminent and/or Substantial Endangerment 

Determination and Order and Remedial Action Order to over 40 potentially responsible parties 

(PRPs) after DTSC sampling of seventeen steel tanks, two poly-tanks, three sumps, and multiple 

unlined, weathered waste piles from October 11, 1999, through October 15, 1999. DTSC 

estimated that there was approximately 850,000 gallons of contaminated wastewater, waste oil, 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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and sludge present. The DTSC investigation uncovered evidence that six tanks had slow leaks, 

five had leaking valves, and one tank showed evidence of a seep from the sidewall. These tank 

wastes were contaminated with lead, PCB, benzene, and naphthalene. The tank farms were 

abandoned in 1995 and eroded until their cleanup. 

In 2000 remediation at the site was being conducted under a state superfund clean up order. The 

site clean up is being funded and managed by a PRP group under DTSC’s Permitting Branch 

supervision. 

The PRP Group, under DTSC oversight, began cleanup work on January 17, 2000. Initial work 

focused on site security and liquid removal from the above ground storage tanks. The removal of 

sludge was initiated in September 2000, and demolition began in October of 2000. When the 

removal action was completed in June of 2001, approximately 740,000 gallons of liquids, 

including contaminated rainwater, and 1800 tons of sludge had been removed for the site and 

disposed of in several permitted hazardous waste facilities throughout the country. All tanks have 

been removed. 

In August 2002, a tall heating tower was taken down and removed from the site. In March 2003, 

additional surface equipment was taken down and removed. The only remaining surface 

equipment is a tank that will be used to hold water for future cleanup activities. In January 2003, 

chemical dust suppressant was applied to stabilize the soil piles. Field work implementing this 

work plan began in October of 2002. Initial data from this work has been evaluated and a work 

plan for additional follow-up investigations was approved on June 16, 2003. This additional field 

work was completed in July of 2003.

As of August 2003, there was approximately 80,000 cubic yards of impacted soil stockpiled onsite in five large soil piles. This impacted soil is related to Gibson Environmental’s soil treatment 

activities. The PRPs developed a work plan, approved by DTSC in April 2001, to investigate the 

piles. The work was completed and the analytical results indicate that three of the soil stockpiles 

contain California hazardous waste. These piles are contaminated with lead, PCBs, benzene, and 

naphthalene and hydrocarbons and were subject to erosion and wind dispersion. As of 2000, the 

facility had site-wide soil contamination especially in the tank farm area. Groundwater was also 

suspected to be contaminated. The site has shallow groundwater and porous soil. There are 

residences and businesses nearby. There have been complaints from nearby businesses about 

particulates coming from the site.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Department Denies Gibson Environmental 

Permit Appeal.” 18 February 1998. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PressRoom/upload/t-02-98.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Docket No. I&SE 99/00-002: Imminent 

and/or Substantial Endangerment Determination and Order and Remedial Action Order.” 

(n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://165.235.111.242/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Gibson_ENF_order.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances. “I&S Order Issued to Bakersfield Facility.” 

16 November 1999. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PressRoom/upload/t-23-99.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances. “Update on Site Cleanup: Gibson Environmental.” 

August 2003. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Gibson_FS_CA-0803.pdf

USEPA. “Documentation of Determination: Gibson Environmental.” 5 February 1999.

16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/2c0ad9846d8d31de88256ac50082b5b9/$FILE/

Gibson_177_EI_00.PDF

USEPA. “Gibson Environmental.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000916359

USEPA. “RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms: Additional 

Questions: Gibson Environmental.” 27 April 2000. 16 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/2c0ad9846

d8d31de88256ac50082b5b9/$FILE/Gibson%20177%20+%2000.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Gregory Honzay (Project Manager, Hazardous Waste Management Program, DTSC) 

(916) 255-6678, GHonzay@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: GNB Incorporated (now Exide Technologies)

EPA ID No.: CAD097854541

Address: 2700 S. Indiana St., Vernon CA 90023

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The facility, formally known as GNB 

Incorporated, is a lead smelter which refines and recycles lead bearing scrap materials primarily 

from spent lead-acid batteries. The reclaimed lead is used to produce marketable lead and lead 

alloys. The facility has been operating since 1922. Although some control measures are 

reportedly being taken by GNB to reduce future releases, little has been done to identify the 

nature and extent of past releases or to remediate such releases. 

The most recent RCRA compliance evaluation inspection was done by California on May 31,

2005. A compliance order was filed on June 30, 1999. It is unclear whether a penalty was 

associated with this order. Currently, the facility has an operating permit with approved controls 

in place. 

In 1990, California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) completed a RCRA 

Facility Assessment. In 2002, DTSC issued a Corrective Action Consent Order requiring Exide 

to implement corrective action, from characterizing contamination of 76 different units or areas 

of concern through to Corrective Measures Implementation. 

In 2003, DTSC issued a Consent Order for the storage of used lead-acid batteries at three off-site 

locations. The Order assessed a $40,000 penalty, but delayed payment in light of Exide's 2002 

petition for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

This site was never RCRA permitted. 

Description of Contamination: Significant contamination is present in all media at the facility. 

Lead levels in sediment from the stormwater retention basin (surface impoundment) were as high 

as 40 percent. There is also groundwater contamination, including trichloroethylene (TCE) at a 

maximum concentration of 2,600 ppb. A rendering plant (meat packaging) is located next to the 

facility, which may receive airborne contaminants from GNB. Additionally, it appears that there 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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has been surface run-off or discharges to surface water from the site which contains lead. During 

facility operations, dust is generated from contaminated soil both indoors and outdoors.

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Docket HWCA 2005-0560 Stipulation and 

Order.” 15 November 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/loader.cfm?url=/commonspot/security/getfile.cfm&pageid=1100

73

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Docket No.: P3-01/02-010.” 

16 January 2006. 

http://165.235.111.242/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Exide_ENF_coraction_hwm_03

1203.pdf

EPA Region 9. “Documentation of Determination: GNB Incorporated.” 2 May 1999. 16 January 

2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/dfd67afce9

bbb9c288256ac50082d85e/$FILE/GNB%20541%20EI%2000.pdf

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005. 

EPA Region 9. “RCRA Corrective Action Forms Addendum: GNB Incorporated.” 

4 May 2000. 16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/dfd67afce9

bbb9c288256ac50082d85e/$FILE/GNB%20541%20+%2000.pdf

USEPA. “Exide Technologies Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 

2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000609921

USEPA. “GNB Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 7 November 2002. 18 January 2006.

Additional Contacts:

Thomas Wideman 323-262-1101

Penny Nakashima, 818-551-2900, pnakashima@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Grant Warehouse

EPA ID No.: ORQ000010405

Address: 3368 NE Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd, Portland OR 97212

County: Multnomah

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Grant Warehouse is owned by Mr. 

Erwin Grant, who used the warehouse to recover precious metals from waste received from other 

facilities. Mr. Grant used various chemicals to recover precious metals from various liquids and 

ores which contained trace amounts of these metals. Large amounts of toxic and reactive 

chemicals, such as acids, cyanides, ether, and material containing heavy metals were stored in 

containers ranging from glass vials and jars to 55-gallon drums. There was also a large amount 

of debris such as carpet, paper, wood, cardboard, fiberglass insulation, and old industrial 

equipment. 

Description of Contamination: Samples from debris and dust in the Warehouse show up to 

6,000 parts per million of lead and other heavy metals, such as cadmium and chromium. USEPA 

spent approximately $1.2 million cleaning up the site. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 10. “Grant Warehouse, Portland, Oregon. 26 August 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/cleanup.nsf/4c5259381f6b967d88256b5800611592/82c9736

b1f1fe6ec882567060002af0e!OpenDocument

USEPA. “Consent Decree Civil No. 00-1536-BR.” January 2004. 19 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/9f3c21896330b4898825687b007a0f33/82c

9736b1f1fe6ec882567060002af0e/$FILE/ATT0ONEX/Grant%20CD..pdf

USEPA. “USEPA Grant Warehouse.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110017344177

USEPA. “Superfund Fact Sheet Grant Warehouse Removal.” January 1999. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/r10earth/offices/oec/grant2.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Superfund Fact Sheet Grant Warehouse Removal.” January 2000. 19 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/CLEANUP.NSF/9f3c21896330b4898825687b007a0f33/82c

9736b1f1fe6ec882567060002af0e/$FILE/200grant.PDF

Additional Contacts:

Jeff Rodin (OSC) (206) 553-6709

Krista Rave (Outreach Coordinator) (206) 553-6686
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Griffin Pipe Products Company

EPA ID No.: NJD0039519985

Address: 1100 West Front Street, Florence, NJ 08518

County: Burlington

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Griffin Pipe Products Company site 

covers 293 acres, surrounded by land largely under industrial use. Operations started onsite in the 

early 1900s, when the company was called the Florence Pipe and Foundry Company. In 1963, 

Griffin Pipe purchased the facility to manufacture ductile iron pipe from scrap material, iron, 

coke and various alloy components.

Description of Contamination: Griffin Pipe manufactured ductile iron pipe from scrap material. 

This process produced sludge containing lead and cadmium, which was deposited into an unlined 

landfill on the site until the mid 1980s, when the company began treating its sludge before 

disposal in the landfill. The untreated sludge from Griffin Pipe’s manufacturing processes 

contaminated site soil and groundwater. However, due to the nature of the pollutants, which do 

not move readily through groundwater, the contaminants are contained mainly in the vicinity of 

the landfill.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2 - Waste. “Griffin Pipe Products Fact Sheet.” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/waste/fsgriffi.htm

USEPA. “Amsted Industries Griffin Pipe Products.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 18 

January 2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000321633

Additional Contacts:

NJ DEP Division of Solid & Hazardous Waste Records Center, (609) 777-3373

Clifford Ng (EPA Region 2 Contact) (212) 637-4113, ng.clifford@epa.gov

Jonathan Berg (NJDEP Case Manager) (609) 633-0737
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Halaco Engineering Incorporated 

EPA ID No.: CAR000177709

Address: 6200 Perkins Rd., Oxnard, CA 93033

County: Ventura

NPL Site Final: 9/19/2007

In CERCLIS Database: 0901242

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1965 to 2004, Halaco 

Engineering operated a secondary metal smelter, recovering aluminum, magnesium, and zinc 

from aluminum cans, metal waste from other smelters, and other scrap materials. Between 1965 

and 1977, Halaco received and processed an estimated 500 to 600 pounds of radioactive 

magnesium thorium scrap per year. The facility held a California Radioactive Materials License 

to handle magnesium-thorium alloy from 1965 to 1974.

The Halaco facility was built on top of an open dump for the City of Oxnard. The site includes 

an 11-acre parcel containing the former smelter and an adjacent 26-acre area across the Oxnard 

Industrial Drain where wastes were deposited. Immediately adjacent to the site is a portion of the 

Ormond Beach wetlands, which are some of the few remaining wetlands in the area and home to 

several endangered or threatened species. 

During its 40 years of operation, Halaco produced a large quantity of wastes, primarily nontarget metals and metal salts remaining after the smelting process (i.e., slag or dross). From 

approximately 1965 until 1970, Halaco discharged waste to an unlined earthen settling pond 

adjacent to the Oxnard Industrial Drain. At some point, Halaco began depositing dried waste 

material on the area north of the unlined earthen evaporation pond, a 15-acre area of disputed 

wetlands. In 1977, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers issued Halaco a cease-and-desist order for 

this dumping and, in 1980, the USEPA issued Halaco an enforcement order under the Clean 

Water Act stating that the disposal site was a wetland and required a National Pollutant 

Discharge Elimination System permit for operation. The USEPA also obtained a preliminary 

injunction prohibiting further disposal to the area. From approximately 1970 until 2002, Halaco 

deposited wastes to unlined earthen settling ponds east of the smelter. 

In June 2000, the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board (LARWQCB) estimated 

that 430,000 cubic yards of waste material were present in the waste management unit at 

thicknesses varying between 20 and 40 feet. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Numerous federal, state, and local agencies attempted to regulate Halaco’s operations, including 

the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (Los Angeles), California’s Department of 

Toxic Substances Control, California Department of Health Services Radiologic Health Branch, 

Ventura County Air Pollution Control District, USEPA, and the Army Corps of Engineers. 

Halaco contested and/or litigated many of the regulatory efforts by these agencies. The Ventura 

County District Attorney and the Environmental Defense Center, a nonprofit public interest 

organization, have also been in litigation with Halaco on environmental matters. 

In 2002, Halaco filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. After Halaco ceased operations in 2004, the 

bankruptcy was converted to Chapter 7 (liquidation) bankruptcy. In 2006, Alpha and Omega 

Development LLC purchased the waste management area and assumed the lease to the former 

smelter property. Future uses of the property remains uncertain. 

Description of Contamination: EPA entered into a Consent Agreement with the potentially 

responsible parties (PRPs) in mid-2006 to remove the containerized hazardous substances from 

the smelter facility, consolidate loose process solids in the smelter into one of the buildings, and 

secure the smelter and waste management unit and place a sediment runoff control measure. The 

PRP removal action, completed on February 7, 2007, successfully removed all containerized 

hazardous substances. This was followed in 2007 by U.S. EPA-funded efforts to stabilize offsite 

migration of wastes, including removal of 7,600 cubic yards of material from an adjacent 

wetland. U.S. EPA’s costs at the site had totaled $6.8 million as of June 2009.

An estimated 700,000 cubic yards of waste remains onsite in the waste management area. This 

includes 5,000 cubic yards of process solids stored at the smelter inside the smelter buildings, 

conex containers, and quancet huts. Elevated levels of aluminum, barium, beryllium, cadmium, 

chromium, copper, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, thorium, and zinc are present in the 

wastes and onsite soils. Waste material has moved into the underlying groundwater and into 

adjacent soils and sediments. 

From March to June 2007, EPA and its contractors implemented measures to stabilize and secure 

the site and to limit offsite migration of contaminated wastes. The work included regrading the 

waste pile to reduce the steepness of the slopes, placing matting on the slopes to reduce erosion, 

moving waste material from the smelter parcel to the waste management area, and improving site 

security. Some of the Halaco waste material in the wetland area to the south of the smelter parcel 

was excavated and moved to the waste management area.

In June 2007, EPA discovered elevated levels of radiation coming from waste materials buried in 

the southeast corner of the former smelter. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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From 2007 through 2008, EPA began conducting a study of surface water and groundwater 

movement at and near the site to better determine the extent and movement of Halaco’s wastes. 

EPA is also beginning assessments of human health and environmental risks posed by site 

contamination as part of the remedial investigation for the site. The California Department of 

Human Health is also conducting a health risk assessment. 

A public health study by the California Department of public Health determined that the site and 

surrounding recreational areas did not pose a public health concern unless the site was disturbed 

(e.g., by motorized vehicles kicking up dust on the site), however the U.S. EPA is still 

investigating the extent of contamination on and off-site, and its possible risk to wildlife. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. “Halaco Engineering.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. 11 November 2007. 3 

March 2008. http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=2258

2. USEPA. “Halaco Engineering Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 3 March 2008. 3 March 2008. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAR000177709

3. USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile for Halaco Engineering.” CERCLIS. 8 

February 2008. 3 March 2008. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0901242

4. USEPA Region 7. “Halaco Engineering Co. Superfund Site: EPA Update.” PowerPoint 

Presentation. 24 September 2007. 6 March 2008. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/3dc283e6c5d6056f88257426007417a2/35

64b31569e3ec818825786b00017892!OpenDocument

5. USEPA. Region 9, Superfund Site Overview. Halaco. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/ViewByEPAID/cad009688052?OpenDocu

ment#descr

6. USEPA. Superfund Information Systems. Cleanup Activities at Halaco Engineering 

Company. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.CleanupActs&i

d=0901242
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7. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Halaco Engineering Company, 

Oxnard, California. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1760.htm

8. USEPA. Superfund (Cerclis). Query Results. Halaco Engineering Company. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclis_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAD009688052

9. USEPA. Region 9. Action Memorandum. February 4, 2010. Request for Removal Action 

at Halaco Engineering Company Site, Oxnard, Ventura County, California. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/sfund/r9sfdocw.nsf/3dc283e6c5d6056f88257426007417a2/82

ddd1cd75ed6e04882576c500835b72/$FILE/Action%20Memo%202203704.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Hand in Hand Recycling

EPA ID No.:

Address: 206 E Floral, Centralia, WA 98531

County: Lewis

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Hand in Hand Recycling recycles scrap 

metals such as aluminum.

Description of Contamination: An initial investigation was done in 2002. It was listed on 

Washington’s hazardous site listing in 2003. The soil is contaminated and it is suspected that the 

water is contaminated. 

Sources of Information: 

Thurston County Department of Water and Waste Management. “Where Should I Recycle 

My....?” 9 January 2006. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.co.thurston.wa.us/wwm/Recycling/where_A_B.htm.

Western Electronic Product Stewardship Initiative. “Recycle Your Computer: Washington.”

2001. 17 January 2006. http://www.recyclingadvocates.org/wepsi/wa-business.htm.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Harding Metals Inc.

EPA ID No.: NHD018955641

Address: Rte. 4, Northwood, NH 03261

County: Rockingham

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0101098

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Though the privately owned property is 

100 acres, four acres were used for day to day operations. Harding Metals Inc. includes an office 

building, warehouse, precious metals reclamation building, incinerator building, sawdust 

disposal area, scrap metal area, discarded mixing tanks, a landfill area, and a transformer oil 

disposal area. The remainder of the property consists of undeveloped woodlands, a hayfield, and 

a wooded wetland. 

Since 1963, Harding Inc. has operated as a metals reclamation facility, processing and disposing 

of industrial wastes. Numerous areas of environmental concern have been noted throughout the 

property, including approximately 3,200 cubic yards of contaminated sawdust, which has been 

dumped into a landfill and a large pile; two areas where polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-

containing transformer oils were allegedly dumped; 20 containers (volumes unknown) of metal 

reclamation wastes containing cyanide and acid solutions stored throughout the property; a 

drainage ditch that carried copper washing away from the incinerator building; air releases of 

cadmium oxide and possibly PCBs from the incinerator; six old 5,000-gallon mixing tanks with a 

layer of polyester resin; numerous 55-gallon drums of unknown contents; and an unknown 

quantity of solder dross and solder pot dump. 

Description of Contamination: USEPA investigations conducted at the site include a 

Preliminary Assessment in 1980, a Screening Site Inspection in May 1990, and a Site Inspection 

Prioritization in December 1996. Though the site was discovered in 1987; however, it is 

unknown exactly when the contamination occurred.

Analytical results of surface soil samples collected from the property in 1996 indicated the 

presence of PCBs, pesticides, 13 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), and metals at levels above background concentrations. Groundwater 

samples collected in 1990 from four on-site monitoring wells indicated the presence of 12 VOCs. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 1. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse: Harding Metals Inc.” 15 July 2002. 17 January 

2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/6ffe37bffbfcd13785256b420060670c?OpenDoc

ument

McLuskey, Mike (EPA Official) (603) 271-2183, Interview 8 December 2005

USEPA. “Harding Metals, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0101098

USEPA. “Harding Metals, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110007132290

Additional Contacts:

Don Smith, Site Assessment Manager, (617) 918-1433, smith.donald@epa.gov

Nancy Smith, SAM, (617) 918-1436
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Hassan Barrel Company Inc

EPA ID No.: IND078902202

Address: 1605 Summer Street, Fort Wayne, IN, 46857

County: Allen

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 509942

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1954 to 2003, the Hassan Barrel 

Company in Fort Wayne, Indiana, operated as a barrel recycling facility that cleaned and 

repainted used industrial barrels. During its years of operation, the seven-acre facility received 

barrels, many containing hazardous wastes, from at least 400 companies. The facility closed in 

2003 and the facility owner abandoned thousands of barrels and other hazardous waste on the 

site. 

Management of waste at the site included disposal in open pits and manmade lagoons, both in 

drums and discharges of liquids (l). The company did not have a RCRA Treatment, Storage and 

Disposal permit, and the State of Indiana had cited the company for a number of state violations 

between 1982 and 2003. Citations had been issued by the state for improper records, lack of 

emergency planning, and improper container marking or labeling, among other issues. 

Description of Contamination:

The facility was located in a residential area, surrounded primarily by private homes and two 

schools only a few blocks away. EPA’s site investigation found hazardous wastes at locations 

around the site, including wastes in leaking barrels, dumpsters, and open pits. EPA testing of soil 

and water in an onsite ditch that flowed to a nearby stream were contaminated with a number of 

hazardous materials including barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, and traces of PCBs. EPA also 

determined from seized records that testing on the site while still in operation had found 

dichloroethene, tetrachloroethane and trichloroethene in soil. EPA commenced emergency 

cleanup of the facility under CERCLA authority, spending $1.7 million between 2004 and 2008, 

and removing 10,000 barrels, about half of which contained hazardous waste. As of 2008 EPA 

expected at least another $1.3 million to removing up to 10,000 cubic yards of contaminated soil 

and other waste. 

In 2008 Alan Hersh, the president of Hassan Barrel Company, pleaded guilty to one felony 

RCRA violation for the illegal storage and management of hazardous wastes on the site. This 

sentence included 15 months in prison and a $1.7 million dollar fine for the EPA for cleanup 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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costs. In addition, EPA is seeking additional funding for cleanup costs from about 400 

companies that sent materials to the facility.

Sources of Information:

1. Iacone, Amanda. Waste has property over a barrel: County Not Jumping to buy 

Chemically Tainted Site. The Journal Gazette. May 24 2009. Accessed Online. May 

2011: http://www.journalgazette.net/article/20090524/LOCAL/305249918/1002/LOCAL

2. Stockman, Dan. Used-barrel business leaves Toxic Legacy. The Journal gazette. March 8 

2009. Accessed Online. May 2011:

http://www.journalgazette.net/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20090308/LOCAL10/3030899

20

3. Fort Wayne Recycler Gets Jail Time. Wane.com. March 3 2009. Accessed Online. May 

2011: 

http://www.wane.com/dpp/news/local_ap_toxic_waste_sentencing_200903030725_rev1

4. USEPA. Superfund Site Information. Hassan Barrel Site. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/cactinfo.cfm?id=0509942

5. USEPA. Region 5 Enforcement and Compliance. March 2009 Significant cases. 

Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/enforcement/cases/cases200903.html#fort

6. USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. May 2011.

7. USEPA. On Scene Coordinator, Pollution Report Profile. Hassan Barrel Company. 

Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://www.epaosc.org/site/polrep_profile.aspx?site_id=1136&counter=1846
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Hayes Lemmerz International Inc. 

EPA ID No.: IND980904528

Address: 1870 Riverford Drive, Huntington, IN 46750

County: Huntington

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Recycling activities at this facility 

involved reprocessing aluminum scraps and chips created when wheel castings are machined. 

The scrap metals are dried before being sent to a furnace for re-melting, creating a fine 

aluminum dust. This byproduct dust from the scraps was conveyed into a dust collector just 

outside the building.

Description of Contamination: An explosion and fire at the Hayes Lemmerz International 

facility occurred on Oct. 29, 2003, causing fatal burns to a mechanic working near an aluminum 

melt furnace, injuring a second mechanic nearby, and causing lesser burns to a third worker. 

Four other workers suffered minor injuries.

An October 5, 2005 report by the US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board found the 

fire was caused by a fine powdered aluminum dust which had accumulated in the dust collection 

system from inadequate housekeeping in the foundry area and insufficient maintenance of chip 

processing equipment. Dust collector filters were infrequently cleaned, some eroded ducts leaked 

dust, maintenance workers were not wearing flame-retardant clothing, and the company did not 

have formal written maintenance procedures or employee training in place for the dust collector 

system. In addition, the company failed to address why the chip drying system was releasing 

excess dust, and did not identify or address the dangers of aluminum dust ignition, despite 

having a history of small dust fires inside the factory.

Sources of Information: 

Indiana Department of Air Pollution Control – Permit Records. “Hayes-Lemmerz International.” 

29 June 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r5/in_permt.nsf/0/34d98faae9f10be68625702f00715f77?OpenDo

cument

US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Information Report. "Hayes Lemmerz Dust 

Explosions and Fire." 29 October 2003. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.csb.gov/index.cfm?folder=current_investigations&page=info&INV_ID=44
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Hayes Lemmerz International Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001235752

Additional Contacts:

Janet Mobley (317) 232-8369 jmobley@dem.state.in.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Helms Drum Service

EPA ID No.:

Address: 1764 State Road 655, Auburndale, FL 33823

County: Polk

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No 

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Helms Drum Service is 

approximately 4.5 acres containing five buildings and an access road. Structures on-site are the 

Helms residence, a greenhouse and three buildings associated with the drum cleaning operation. 

The facility, owned by Mr. Leroy Helms, began operations in the mid-1970s and continued until 

July 1984. General operations consisted of purchasing and reconditioning spent oil drums and 

open-top drums from the citrus industry. On a typical day an estimated 40 drums and up to 300 

gallons of spent oil were treated. Drum reconditioning consisted of a seven-step process utilizing 

kerosene to remove oil residues and a caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) rinse. Spent caustic soda 

was neutralized with acid (HCl or H2SO4) and the process wastewater was discharged to a 

percolation pond. The percolation pond was a naturally occurring surface depression enlarged to 

accommodate the volume of wastewater it received. 

In early 1982, the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) discovered that the 

Helms facility was discharging to groundwater without a permit. In April 1982, FDER sampled 

effluent from the drum washing operation. The analysis revealed elevated levels of lead, 

chromium and zinc. Consequently, Helms applied to FDER in August 1982 for a discharge 

permit. FDER did not issue the permit. In February 1984, following sampling by both FDER and 

a consultant representing Helms Drum Service, the enforcement section of FDER issued an order 

to cease all operations and remediate the soil adjacent to the drum reclamation area, the 

percolation pond and associated groundwater. Helms agreed to comply with the order. 

Description of Contamination: By July 1985 all drum reconditioning equipment was removed 

from the site and the percolation pond bottom was excavated under the direction of Helms’ 

consultant during July. Twenty cubic yards of contaminated sediment was also removed. Sample 

results have indicated that natural attenuation has been an appropriate remediation strategy for 

groundwater, following the cleanup of contaminated soils. 

The primary concern at the facility was off-site groundwater migration of contamination toward 

the adjacent wetland and potentially Lake Juliana. Groundwater analyses detected lead, 

chromium, mercury and sodium concentrations above primary drinking water standards, and zinc 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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levels were above secondary drinking water standards. Additionally, several organic compounds 

and cyanide had been detected. 

The FDEP Hazardous Waste Cleanup Section spent a total of approximately $145,000 for site 

investigation activities. There are no records of the costs incurred by the property owner for 

excavation/disposal costs. FDEP delisted the site from the State Action List in January 1995. 

Sources of Information: 

Don Harris (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) Email 1/22/2005.

Florida Department of Environmental Protection. “Publications: Helms Drum Service.” 22 May 

1990. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/publications/wc/sites/summary/098.pdf

Additional Contacts: 

Don Harris (Environmental Manager, Hazardous Waste Cleanup Section, Florida Department of

Environmental Protection) Don.Harris@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Heritage Environmental Services

EPA ID No.: IND093219012

Address: 7901 W. Morris St., Indianapolis, IN 46231

County: Marion

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Heritage Environmental Services was 

founded in 1970 as Industrial Liquid Waste Disposal in Columbus, Indiana. The first processing 

facility was designed to reclaim waste oils to produce a fuel that could be burned in the 

company's hot mix asphalt plants. In the early 1970s, the plant added additional capabilities and 

facilities to meet the business’s demand. The expansion included treatment for hazardous and 

non-hazardous wastes from several industrial, individual and government customers. Heritage 

Environmental Services continues to recycle waste materials, which are then shipped for use as 

fuel in the company’s cement kilns and other permitted facilities. Hazardous wastes which 

cannot be fuel blended are collected and shipped to other facilities that can store or treat these 

wastes. 

In 1989, Heritage reported that one of its leachate collection tanks had overflowed into 

underlying and adjacent soils. 

Heritage received a RCRA Part B permit in March 1993; however, the permit has since expired. 

Description of Contamination: In October 2002, Heritage Environmental Services LLC entered 

a consent decree agreeing to pay a penalty of $360,000 to the United States for violations of 

section 113(b) of the Clean Air Act and RCRA. A complaint was filed in connection with two of 

Heritage's hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities located in Indianapolis, 

Indiana and Lemont, Illinois.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 5. “Statement of Basis/ Final Decision and Response to Comment Summary: 

Heritage Environmental Services.” 23 January 1995. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ca/sbs2/pdfs/in3890.pdf

Missouri Department of Natural Resources. “News Release No. 334.” 18 August 2005. 16 

January 2006. http://www.dnr.mo.gov/newsrel/nr05_334.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Heritage Environmental.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000397393

USEPA. “Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Site Progress

Profile: Heritage Environmental Services.” (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcra_profile.getmain?p_handler_id=IND093219012

USEPA Region 5. “Finding of Violation.” 18 June 1999. 16 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r5/ardcorre.nsf/0/c79dad6e32bdac1f8625679e006ced7e/$FILE/H

eritFOV.pdf

USEPA Region 5. “Statement of Basis/Final Decision and Response to Comments Summary.” 

23 January 1995. 25 January 2006.

www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ca/sbs2/pdfs/in3890.pdf

USEPA. “Heritage Environmental Services.” RCRAInfo. 15 September 2005. 20 January 2006.

Additional Contacts:

Mike Karpinski, Quality Manager at Heritage Environmental Services (317) 486-2785
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: High-Tech Now 

EPA ID No.: Unknown

Address: 2338 NW Reed St., Portland, OR

County: Multnomah

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No 

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: High-Tech Now processed computer 

equipment by shredding it prior to sending it off site for metals recovery. The site was 

incorporated as High-Tech Now, Inc. in March 2001. In April 2001, the site was moved to a 

warehouse in Portland, which was rented from the Freeman Group. The warehouse had two 

shredders to break down electronic devices into their various components for recycling. The site 

accepted everything that could be plugged in or had batteries except for white appliances such as 

stoves and refrigerators. The site negotiated contracts with large corporations, schools, and 

municipalities to pick up and recycle their electronics. In February 2002, the site began accepting 

computer screens that contained cathode ray tubes (CRTs), charging customers between $5 and 

$10, based on size. High-Tech Now intended to pulverize the glass and transport it to Encycle, a 

glass recycler. 

Description of Contamination: A major fired occurred at the Hightech Now Inc. facility on 

June 8, 2002, destroying hundreds of computer monitors and other computer-related components 

that were stored at the building for the company’s recycling operation. Hightech Now and its 

president, Ryan Henry Kell, leased the building from its owners, The Freeman Group. Kell failed 

to follow up on hazardous waste determinations after the fire, eventually abandoning the 

property and forcing the owners to arrange and pay for the proper disposal of about 112 tons of 

toxic hazardous waste. On Nov. 20, 2003, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality 

(DEQ) issued Kell and Hightech Now Inc. a total of $71,962 in penalties. The majority of the 

total ($52,385) was for storing hazardous waste at the facility from June 9, 2002 through Oct. 17, 

2002 without a hazardous waste storage facility permit. In many cases, wastes were left on the 

ground or in open containers before being cleaned up and disposed in October 2002. DEQ fined 

Kell another $9,600 for failing to perform a hazardous waste determination at the facility after 

the fire occurred, and $9,977 for failing to file a hazardous waste generation report with DEQ. In 

March 2004, Kell was sentenced to 30 days in jail and $5,000 for second degree unlawful 

disposal, storage or treatment of hazardous waste. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Lead from the computers and computer components shredded at the site was present in the 

wastes left behind after the fire. DEQ alleged six hazardous waste streams in the High-Tech Now 

warehouse after the fire from the lead in the CRTs in three different brands of computer 

monitors, in the dust from under the grinder and near the door, and in the shredded circuit 

boards. Testing of these substances revealed unsafe levels of lead. 

Sources of Information:

Bachman, Jeff (Oregon DEQ). (503) 229-5950, Interview 12/19/2005

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “DEQ Issues $71,962 in Penalties to Vancouver 

Man for Hazardous Waste Violations at Portland Computer Recycling Business.” 11 

December 2003. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/news/prDisplay.asp?docID=1441

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “DEQ Issues $71,962 in Penalties to Vancouver 

Man for Hazardous Waste Violations at Portland Computer Recycling Business.” 11 

December 2003. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/news/prDisplay.asp?docID=1441

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “Man Sentenced to 30 Days in Jail for Unlawful 

Disposal, Storage of Hazardous Waste after June 2002 Computer Recycling Warehouse 

Fire.” 25 March 2004. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/news/prDisplay.asp?docID=1519

Additional Contacts:

Jeff Bachman (Oregon DEQ) (503) 229-5950
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Holloway Waste Oil 

EPA ID No.: FLD980798946

Address: 6626 Guthrie Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32205

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406399

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This site operated as a waste oil 

recycling facility for approximately 20 years by Mr. Floyd Holloway. The exact process 

employed to recycle the wastes is unknown. The facility operated until 1995, when the U.S. 

Internal Revenue Service temporarily seized the property for nonpayment of taxes at which point 

the property was abandoned. In 1998, Mr. Holloway was indicted by the state of Florida for 

improper storage of hazardous waste. His whereabouts are currently unknown. 

Description of Contamination: In 1995, the USEPA conducted an emergency removal action at 

the site after discovering numerous drums, tanks and containers, most of which were in poor 

condition. There was evidence of prior attempts of removal including areas where surface soils 

were heavily stained by waste oils. A surface impoundment was observed to be leaking oily 

waste into a drainage ditch. Elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, volatile organic 

compounds, and metals were detected in samples collected from various containers. Elevated 

levels of some contaminants were discovered in groundwater, including chlorobenzene, methyl 

tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane

(DDD), and various inorganics.

The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) recommended further action at the 

site in April 1996, and the USEPA conducted a limited excavation of visibly stained soils. A 

total of 756 cubic yards of soil was removed from the site and transported to the Springhill 

Landfill in Graceville, Florida. The excavated areas were then backfilled with clean fill material 

and seeded to prevent erosion. 

On December 14, 1999, this Superfund settlement was finalized. The settlement, pursuant to 

Section 107(a) of CERCLA, provides for the reimbursement by 100+ generators of waste oil of 

$1,289,852 in response costs incurred by USEPA. The total costs at the site were $1,719,803, 

however USEPA determined that the site was eligible for the Orphan Share Policy and 

compromised 25 percent of past costs in recognition of the insolvency of the owner/operator. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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The Holloway Waste Oil site was approved as a state funded cleanup site in September 2001. In 

May 2003, the FDEP issued a work assignment to Arcadis Geraghty & Miller, Inc. (AG&M) for 

an Initial Site Assessment Work Plan. During development of the Work Plan, AG&M discovered 

that the adjacent property owner had purchased the former Holloway site thereby making them 

potentially responsible for cleanup. 

FDEP delisted the site from state cleanup on January 31, 2005 and returned the site to the 

Northeast District for potential enforcement actions and possible additional assessment via the 

Bureau of Waste Cleanup’s Site Investigation Section. 

Sources of Additional Information: 

EPA Region 4. “Fiscal Year 2000 Enforcement & Compliance Assurance Accomplishments. 

Report.” 20 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/ead/attachments/2000_accomplishments_report.pdf

Florida State Department of Environmental Protection. “Publications: Holloway Waste 

Oil.”(N/D). 20 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/publications/wc/sites/summary/126.pdf

Kat West (Brownfield and Land Revitalization Legal Coordinator), Interview 11/21/2005.

USEPA. “Holloway Waste Oil.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406399

USEPA. “Holloway Waste Oil.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002541991

Contacts: 

Ted-Osc Walden (RPM) 

Theresa Pepe (Florida Department of Environmental Protection)

Kathleen (Kat) West (Associate Regional Counsel, Brownfield and Land Revitalization Legal 

Coordinator) 404-562-9574, 404-562-9486
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Horsehead Corporation

EPA ID No: PAD004372363, PAD981110570

Address: 300 Frankfort Road, Monaca, PA 15061

County: Beaver

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database PAD981110570 (Archived site)

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Horsehead Corporation’s facility in 

Monaca, Pennsylvania, operates as a secondary zinc smelter. Located 28 miles north of 

Pittsburgh, the electrothermic zinc smelter at this facility began operation in the 1920's to 

produce zinc metal and zinc oxide, including recycling materials containing zinc. For several 

years to the present, this facility only uses secondary zinc materials such as dross and skims from 

galvanizing operations as well as recycled K061 electric arc furance dust as feedstock for zinc 

smelting. In 1996, PADEP clarified that these zinc secondary materials would be classified as 

coproducts under the current PADEP waste regulations. At present, those secondaries that might 

exhibit a hazardous characteristic for lead or cadmium leachability would be classified as byproducts being reclaimed (40 CFR 261.2(c)(3)). Horsehead’s zinc secondaries outdoor storage 

area has been subject to periodic wind dispersal and contaminated run-off problems. 

Description of Contamination: On July 22, 2010, there was an explosion at the zinc refinery 

resulting in the death of two people. No fire or offsite contamination has been documented as 

result of this incident. The cost of repairs and cleanup totaled $6.8 million for the refinery 

explosion. Following the explosion, the zinc refinery was shut down for repairs and an 

investigation and assessment of the damage. OSHA citations following the explosion (which was 

not directly related to the recycling operation), included a lack of emergency response plan to 

handle emergencies. Each of the ten columns used to produce zinc oxide and refined zinc metal 

in the refining facility have since been redesigned and rebuilt, and production resumed in the 

fourth quarter of 2010 until early 2014, when the plant closed. As stated above, Horsehead’s 

zinc secondaries storage area has had periodic wind dispersal and run-off problems.

Sources of Information:

1. Horsehead Corporation. Monaca, PA. Retrieved May 24, 2011, from 

http://www.horsehead.net/facility_content.php?ID=12

2. SEC Filings. (2011, March 16). Horsehead Holding Corp. Retrieved May 24, 2011, from 

http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1385544/000095012311025813/l42109e10vk.ht

m
Appendix 1 December 2014

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3. WTAE. (2010, July 26). Explosion at Horsehead Zinc Plant Kills 2; Victims Identified. 

WTAE.com. Retrieved May 24, 2011, from http://www.wtae.com/r/24357952/detail.html

4. OH&S (2011, Jan 21). OSHA Files $45,000 in Penalties in Horsehead Corp. Explosion. 

Ohsonline.com Retrieved November 21, 2014, from 

http://ohsonline.com/articles/2011/01/21/45000-in-penalties-filed-in-horsehead-corpexplosion.aspx

5. Pittsburg Business Times (2013, Dec 31.) Horsehead prepares for closure of zinc facility. 

www.bizjournals.com Retrieved November 21, 2014, from 

http://www.bizjournals.com/pittsburgh/blog/morning-edition/2013/12/horseheadprepares-for-closure-of-zinc.html.
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Site Information

Site Name: Horseshoe Road

EPA ID No.: NJD980663678

Address: Sayreville, NJ 08872 

County: Middlesex

NPL Site: Final: 9/29/1995

In CERCLIS Database: 0200781

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The former chemical processing site 

includes three areas: (1) the Horseshoe Road Drum Dump; (2) the former Atlantic Development 

Corporation facility; and (3) the Sayreville Pesticide Dump. These three areas have been grouped 

together as one site on the National Priorities List (NPL) based on their close proximity, and the 

assumption that the contaminants are commingled and threatening the same resources. The 

former Atlantic Resources Corporation site is also located on Horseshoe Road and has been 

included in the site remedial investigation.

The site was discovered in 1981, when a brush fire at the Horseshoe Road Drum Dump exposed 

approximately 70 partially filled drums containing acetonitrile, silver cyanide and ethyl acetate. 

The Horseshoe Road Drum Dump was used for disposal from 1972 into the early 1980s. The 

Sayreville Pesticide Dump was also used for disposal, from about 1957 into the early 1980s.

The Atlantic Development Corporation facility contained three buildings that were owned or 

leased by many companies during the years of operation. Historical aerial photography indicates 

that the area was developed in the early 1950s and operated into the early 1980s. The operations 

included the production of roofing materials (coal tar and asbestos), sealants, polymers, urethane

and epoxy resins, resin pigments, wetting agents, pesticide intermediates and recycled 

chlorinated solvents.

The Atlantic Resources Corp. recycled precious metals and perhaps solvents between 1972 and 

1985. Twice during the winter of 1986-87, mercury spilled onto the ground. In March 1987, EPA 

used CERCLA emergency funds to remove 70 pounds of mercury and contaminated soil to a 

hazardous waste facility regulated under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery 

Act. USEPA also removed 30 5-gallon containers of sodium cyanide, which was used in the 

metal recycling process.

Description of Contamination: In 1989, the USEPA analyzed the site soils and found that the 

soils contained volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-VOCs, base-neutral compounds, 

heavy metals, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The sediments and surface 
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water on-site are contaminated with VOCs, heavy metals and pesticides. The site contains 

wetland areas, and there are additional off-site wetlands that have been impacted by site 

contaminants. The Horseshoe Road drum dump contained approximately 70 drums, many 

corroded and some labeled cyanide. 

Atlantic Development Corp. owned the land where several companies manufactured, processed, 

and blended various chemicals. During 1975-82, the New Jersey Department of Environmental 

Protection (NJDEP) took numerous legal actions against the companies. In mid-1980, NJDEP 

removed over 1,000 drums from the area after the companies failed to do so. NJDEP analyses of 

soil samples in 1985 detected volatile organic compounds (including toluene), semivolatile 

organic compounds, and heavy metals. USEPA soil analyses in 1989 detected similar hazardous 

substances, plus pesticides and PCBs. In an April 1991 onsite inspection, USEPA found 400 5-

gallon containers holding solids and semisolids of various colors. Most containers were open, 

and many were crushed as a result of a fire in 1983. 

Sayreville Pesticide Dump is an abandoned property now in the custody of the State. In the April 

1991 inspection, USEPA found at least 160 corroded or crushed drums, many containing a white 

powder. NJDEPE's 1985 analyses detected benzene, ethylbenzene, and toluene in soil, and 

USEPA's 1989 analyses detected 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, copper, and mercury. Surface water and 

sediments in a small stream originating near the Sayreville Pesticide Dump contain heavy metals 

(copper, lead, and mercury), phenol, bis (2-chloroethyl) ether, methoxychlor, lindane, 

chloroform, and 1,2-dichloroethane, according to USEPA's 1989 analyses. Hard clams are 

harvested from Raritan Bay and Sandy Hook Bay, coastal tidal waters within 15 miles 

downstream of the site. Wetlands on and off the site are also threatened. 

Since 1987, the USEPA has removed 70 pounds of mercury and contaminated soil and 30 5-

gallon containers of sodium cyanide, used in the metal recycling process. To date, the potentially 

responsible parties (PRPs) have either declined to perform any of the work required at the site, or 

have been financially incapable of doing so; therefore, most of the work has been conducted 

using Federal funds. The September 1, 2000 Record of Decision estimates that the selected 

remedy costs will be $863,890 for the Atlantic Resources Corporation site and $522,021 for the 

Horseshoe Road site, for a total of $1,385,911.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 2. “NPL Fact Sheet: Horseshoe Road.” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0200781c.pdf
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USEPA. “Superfund Cite Progress Profile: Horseshoe Road.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 

January 2006. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0200781

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Horseshoe Road.” 29 September 1995. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1373.htm

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Horseshoe Road.” 1 September 2000. 18 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0200510.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Peter Capitano (On-Scene Coordinator) (908) 321-6621

John Osolin (Remedial Project Manager) (212) 637-4412
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Site Information

Site Name: Hudson Technologies Inc. 

EPA ID No.: NY0001392463

Address: 25 Torne Valley Rd, Hillburn, NY 10931

County: Rockland

NPL Site: Proposed: 5/11/2000

In CERCLIS Database: 0204251

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Approximately 3 acres in size, the 

Hudson Technologies Inc. (HTI) site is an active freon recycling facility engaged primarily in the 

purification of spent refrigerant. HTI began operations on the site in 1994. The site property is 

currently owned by Ramapo Land Co. Inc and cleanup efforts are ongoing. Hudson 

Technologies did not hold a RCRA permit while conducting operations. 

To date, USEPA has spent over $1 million on cleanup efforts.

Description of Contamination: Groundwater is contaminated with Freon 11. A 1995 inspection 

revealed that floor drains were connected to a dry well. HTI closed off its drains to prevent 

discharge to the dry well and abandoned its on-site septic system where the highest concentration 

of Freon 11 was detected. In 1999, a failed connection hose to one of HTI’s outdoor storage 

tanks resulted in a spill of approximately 8,000 pounds of Freon 11 to the ground surface. HTI 

immediately began excavation of the soil impacted by the spill. Groundwater was once again 

contaminated and two supply wells were taken off line. HTI installed a ground water remediation 

system which consists of a recovery well, air stripping tower and recharge gallery which 

removes the Freon 11 from the impacted well water prior to distribution. An air stripping 

treatment system, completed in March 2001, removes the Freon 11 from the impacted well water 

prior to distribution. In the past, these releases forced United Water of New York to close some 

wells in its public drinking water system. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Proposes Site in Rockland County Linked to Groundwater 

Contamination for the Federal List of Hazardous Waste Sites.” 11 May 2000. 19 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region2/news/2000/00085.htm

Malcolm, James (PM) (518) 402-9669, Interview 17 November 2005
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New York State Department of Health. “Public Health Assessment: Hudson Technologies.” 25 

January 2002. 19 January 2006. 

http://nysl.nysed.gov/uhtbin/cgisirsi/zK37W99vE1/64460137/523/4721

Trocher, Sharon (RPM) (212) 637-4261, Interview 17 November 2005

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Hudson Technologies.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 

19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204251

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet: Hudson Technologies.” (n.d.) 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0204251c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Hudson Technologies, Inc.” 11 May 2000. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1590.htm
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Site Information

Site Name: Huff Battery Salvage

EPA ID No.: SCD987566908

Address: 134 Warner Road, Bowman, SC 29018

County: Orangeburg

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0405416

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The 10.8 acre site is the location of a 

former lead-acid battery cracking operation and lead recovery process that operated from the late 

1970's until approximately 1984. The facility's owner and operator collected old car and tractor 

batteries from across the State. During operations, the batteries were cut open and the lead plates 

were recovered, smelted, and sold off site. Various processes including smelting, washing and 

shredding were performed on site. These processes resulted in several waste streams including 

battery casings, chipped battery casings, waste battery acid, and lead-acid contaminated rinse 

water. The chipped casings were initially left in the operations area. Later, both chipped and fully 

intact casings were land filled in another portion of the site. The battery acid and waste water 

flowed along a concrete pad and into two partially buried tanks. Mr. James Huff passed away in 

2001, leaving Ms. Huff as the sole resident and caretaker of the property. Also, in 2001, the 

property was sold for a sum of $5.00 to Ms. Huff's son, Cecil Marion Ayers, Jr. of Barnwell, 

South Carolina.

Response costs at this site were around $1.2 million. This includes direct contractor costs for the 

site clean up and assessment and does not include USEPA overhead. 

Description of Contamination: Recycling operations resulted in residual lead contaminated 

soils and debris onsite. Behind the residence were the remnants of the lead-acid battery cracking 

operations area. This area was enclosed within a barbed wire fence. The former process 

equipment was still on site. Additionally, several waste piles (battery casings and chips) were 

located throughout the operations area. A separate area of battery casings and chips was 

identified across the road from the former operations area. This area was used as a landfill for the 

chipped casings and tractor battery casings which were not chipped. 

Sources of Information: 

Misenheimer, Kevin (On-Scene Coordinator) misenheimer.kevin@epa.gov, Email 12 December 

2005.

USEPA. “Huff Battery Salvage.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006.
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http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0405416

USEPA. “Huff Battery Salvage.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110013797757

USEPA. “Huff Battery Salvage.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/HuffBattery

Additional Contacts:

Kevin S. Misenheimer (OSC) (404) 562-8922 misenheimer.kevin@epa.gov

Wilda W. Cobb (Region 4) (404) 562-9530
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Site Information

Site Name: Hydromet Environmental USA Incorporated

EPA ID No.: ILD984766279

Address: 2475 East US Highway 36, Newman, IL 61942-2037

County: Douglas

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Hydromet is a hazardous waste 

reclamation company. Five of its former company officials have been indicted by a federal grand 

jury for allegedly hiding piles of toxic sludge and pretending it had been processed properly. The 

indictment claims Hydromet Environmental (USA) Inc. and the five key employees engaged in a 

criminal conspiracy to illegally transport, store and dispose of hazardous wastes at its Newman 

facility Douglas County from 1999 through February 2003. 

In addition to the Hydromet, those charged include: William A. Morgan, former chairman of the 

board and chief executive officer; John E. Pugh, former plant manager; Julianna H. Bauter, 

former environmental compliance official; Douglas Bennett, former chemist; and Ronald I. 

Martin, former warehouse supervisor.

According to the indictments, Hydromet's Newman facility was unsuccessful from the outset 

because it did not have any viable processes for reclaiming metals from some 3.8 million tons of 

hazardous wastes it accepted for processing between 1995 and 1998. The company suffered 

severe financial setbacks and shutdown in January 1998, leaving tons of dangerous wastes 

containing poisons like cyanide, arsenic, lead and cadmium stored in on-site tanks.

The state of Illinois began enforcement action against Hydromet that resulted in an injunction in 

May, 1999, requiring the company to process the materials correctly or dispose of them at a 

permitted site by May 31, 1999.

Rodger A. Heaton, United States Attorney for the Central District of Illinois, claims the 

defendants illegally shipped the wastes to a rundown warehouse in East Chicago, Ind., and also 

hid them on-site at their Newman plant to try and fool the Illinois Environmental Protection 

Agency that it was complying with the court injunction. Heaton also alleges the defendants used 

false documentation to ship the waste to a non-hazardous landfill in Indianapolis.
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Heaton claims the aim was to win permission to start up operations again, and the company was 

given permission to do so in November of 2002.

If convicted, each defendant could face up to five years in prison on each count as well as a fine 

of up to $50,000 per day of violation or $250,000, whichever is higher.

The case has been investigated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Criminal 

Investigation Division, the Illinois EPA and the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

Description of Contamination: The company shut down in 1998 leaving tons of dangerous 

wastes containing poisons like cyanide, arsenic, lead and cadmium stored in on-site tanks.

Sources of Information: 

Herald & Review. “Federal charges filed against Newman firm for hiding piles of toxic 

Sludge.” 23 January 2006. 15 February 2006. 

http://www.herald-review.com/articles/2006/01/25/news/state/1012625.txt

Region 5- Regional Counsel. “Enforcement Action Summary FY 2006- January.” 

6 February 2006. 15 February 2006.

US EPA. “Hydromet Environmental USA Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 

(n.d.) 15 February 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000772343
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Site Information

Site Name: Hydromex

EPA ID No.: None

Address: P.O. Box 1514, Yazoo City, MS, 39194

County: Yazoo

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Hydromex, Inc. operated a pilot 

recycling plant in Yazoo, Mississippi. In June 2001, U.S. Technology Corporation in Canton, 

Ohio, licensed Hydromex, Inc. to use its spent blast media (SBM) to manufacture 18”x18”x48” 

blocks which were to be used on levies. (Shipments of SBM were made prior to this agreement 

beginning in 2000). The SBM is comprised of plastic, aluminum oxide, garnet, silica and glass 

bead media, as well as, paint chips which may contain lead, cadmium, chromium and barium. 

Shortly after manufacturing the levy blocks Hydromex started to manufacture smaller blocks for 

a demonstration home and concrete pads and trenches on the property. 

On November 14, 2002, the USEPA, investigative agencies within the Department of Defense, 

Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ), and the Federal Bureau of 

Investigation executed a search warrant at the Hydromex facility. Also, on November 14, 2002, 

the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality issued a cease and desist order in which 

Hydromex was cited for operating a hazardous waste facility without a permit. According to 

information from USEPA and Mississippi DEQ, Hydromex is reported to have accepted over 

11,000,000 lbs (25,273 drums and 2,156 super sacks) of spent blasting media from late 2000 to 

November, 2002. In November 26, 2002, USEPA cited Hydromex for operating an illegal 

hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facility. 

On July 17, 2003, MDEQ and U.S. Technology entered into an agreed order were U.S. 

Technology agreed to operate the Hydromex facility to make split face construction blocks with 

the SBM in drums and super sacs, and to recycle the products Hydromex produced. U.S. 

Technology received a variance for needing a permit for the storage of hazardous waste at 

Hydromex, but was prohibited from receiving SBM or shipping SBM offsite. In late 2007, U.S. 

Technology had recycled all the containers of SBM and blocks that were located at Hydromex 

into split face concrete blocks. U.S. Technology is pursuing a RCRA closure for the concrete 

pads, which will consist of a cap over the site.

Description of Contamination: The bricks produced by Hydromex crumbled on contact and 

were soft, and the slabs would not support the weight of a person; therefore, neither material 
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could be used in construction. An indictment of the facility operator alleged that the products 

produced at the Hydromex plant were useless and made only to create the illusion that the 

company was legitimately recycling hazardous waste in accordance with federal and state 

environmental laws.

Hydromex buried millions of pounds of hazardous waste (PMBs and the soft bricks and slabs) 

contaminated with heavy metals, cadmium, chromium, and lead in trenches. The waste leached 

heavy metals into the surrounding soil and groundwater. 

On June 17, 2004,U.S. Technology agreed to pay a $150,000 civil penalty to Ohio EPA for 

operating an unpermitted hazardous waste storage facility for 2000, 2001, and 2002 in Canton, 

Ohio. This is the period of timeU.S. Technology shipped SBM to Hydromex.

On November 15, 2007, Hydromex operator Dennie Eugene Pridemore pleaded guilty to a sixcount federal indictment that charged him with operating a sham hazardous waste recycling 

facility. Mr. Pridemore admitted to illegally storing and disposing of hazardous waste at the 

Hydromex site and to making false statements to regulatory officials and investigators to conceal 

the illegal disposal. On February 7, 2008, the U.S. District Court sentenced Mr. Pridemore to 41 

months in prison and three years probation.

Sources of Information: 

Bailey, Steve (Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality). Digital photos to Nyall 

McKenna (Ohio EPA). 23 August 2002.

Environment News Service. “Sham Mississippi Hazwaste Operator Jailed.” 7 February 2008. 6 

March 2008. http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/feb2008/2008-02-07-095.asp

FreePatentsOnline.com. “Process for the treatment of waste products.” (n.d.) 6 March 2008. 

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5630785.html

McKenna, Nyall (Ohio EPA). Letter to Raymond Williams (President,U.S. Technology 

Corporation). 1 May 2003.

McKenna, Nyall (Ohio EPA). Letter to Raymond Williams (President,U.S. Technology 

Corporation). 17 December 2002.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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McKenna, Nyall (Ohio EPA). Letter to Raymond Williams (President,U.S. Technology 

Corporation). 21 May 2002.

Mississippi Commission on Environmental Quality. Agreement between Mississippi 

Commission on Environmental Quality andU.S. Technology Corporation (Order No. 

4614_03). 18 July 2003.

Mississippi Commission on Environmental Quality. Cease and Desist order issued to Hydromex 

(Order No. 4510_02). 14 November 2002.

Ohio EPA. Director’s Final Findings and Orders, agreement between Ohio EPA andU.S. 

Technology to resolve past violations and a civil payment of $150,000.00. 17 June 2004.

Supply and Recycle Agreement betweenU.S. Technology Corporation and Hydromex, Inc. 

(n.d.).

The Clarion – Ledger. “Federal, state agencies probe waste recycler.” 15 November 2002.

United States Attorney’s Office Southern District of Mississippi. “Yazoo City Hazardous Waste 

Operator Pleads Guilty.” 15 November 2007. 6 March 2008. 

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/mss/november15b2007.html

Williams, Raymond (President,U.S. Technology Corporation). Letter to Nyall McKenna (Ohio 

EPA). 19 June 2001.

Additional Contacts:

Jeffrey T. Pallas (EPA Region 4 RCRA Enforcement and Compliance Branch) (404) 562-8616

Steve Bailey (Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality) (601) 961-5171

Nyall McKenna (Ohio Environmental Protection Agency) (330) 963-1272
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Site Information

Site Name: Industrial Pollution Control

EPA ID No.: MSD985972983

Address: 810 Poindexter, Jackson, MS 39207

County: Hinds

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406903

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Industrial Pollution Control (IPC) 

site is a former used oil recycling facility that began operations September 1, 1991 and operated 

until filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1997. The facility appears to have been used to recycle 

oil under previous ownership predating September of 1991. Under IPC ownership, the facility 

received, stored, treated, and processed various petroleum waste products, wastewater, and waste 

oils. Oil and water were separated in a treatment process on-site and then reconditioned for 

future sale and re-use. The water continued to undergo treatment until it met the criteria for 

discharge as specified in the facility’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 

(NPDES) permit. IPC’s list of acceptable waste waters included petroleum-based oils, coolants, 

groundwater (from underground storage tank remediation activities), bilge water, spent mineral 

oil, fuel oils, unrefined crude, salt water, and process water containing polymers. The facility 

also operated a parts washing service. The spend solvents were included in the acceptable 

wastewaters. 

The Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality contacted the USEPA in November 1998 

to evaluate the site for a possible removal action. The site is abandoned and contains evidence of 

trespasser entry. On December 11, 1998, USEPA On-Scene Coordinator (OSC) John McKeown 

met with Ken Whitten and Eric Dear of MDEQ to conduct an initial assessment of the facility. 

During the assessment it was noted that numerous drums (some empty and some with contents) 

were stockpiled on-site in a storage shed. Some of the drums were in very poor condition and 

obviously contained corrosive materials. The storage tanks containing the waste oil were in poor 

condition and the secondary containment was not sufficiently impervious should a rupture of the 

tanks occur. Wastewater with a thick oily sheen was found in all secondary containment and 

overflowing at some locations on-site. The slope of the facility was toward the northeast in the 

direction of a small stream located across Terry Road approximately 70 meters away. The 

asphalt/concrete/soil ground surface was stained in many locations and an obvious black strain 

led from the tank storage area toward the northeast corner of the site. 
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Description of Contamination: In 1999, removal plans were announced. During the week of 

January 25, 1999, USEPA and Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team (START) 

conducted a Removal Assessment at the IPC Site which included collecting soil, tank and drum 

samples, conducting an inventory of tank and drum contents, performing limited hazardous 

categorization of specific drums based on appearance and Photo-Ionization Detector readings 

and interviewing previous employees and potential vendors for future disposal of the on-site 

waste oil. The most likely contaminated soils could not be accessed due to the volume of 

wastewater contained within the secondary containment. Some of the hazardous substances 

detected in surface soil sampling include: pyrene, fluorene, anthracene, benzene, xylene, and 

ethylbenzene. Additional contaminants include: ethylbenzene, phenanthrene, toluene, 4-methyl2- pentanone and waste oil that is classified as ignitable under RCRA. The hazardous substances 

found in soils are believed to have been released from the contents of the tank farm and loading 

and unloading of trucks in the area. It was also noted that the sides of the tanks and the inside of 

secondary containment walls were strained where the oil may have reached during previous 

spills or while being utilized for additional storage space. 

The removal plans included inventory, analysis, and preparation of the contents of drums and 

containers, transportation and disposal of waste oils/water and disassembly of tanks; and 

excavation and disposal of contaminated soils. The removal was expected to be completed at an 

estimated cost of $1,821,000 according to a March 30, 1999 estimate. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 4. “Administrative Record Index for the Industrial Pollution Control Site.” 23 

March 2000. 17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region4/waste/errb/ipcar.pdf

EPA Region 4- Environmental News. “EPA Superfund Removal to Begin at Industrial Pollution 

Control Site, Jackson, Hinds County, Mississippi.” 4 April 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/oeapages/99press/040299.htm

USEPA. “Industrial Pollution Control.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001472273

USEPA. “Industrial Pollution Control.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406903

Additional Contacts:

Steve Spurlin (OSC) 404-562-8723

Sherryl A. Carbonaro (Community Relations Coordinator) 404-562-8742
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Site Information

Site Name: Industrial Solvents and Chemical Co. 

EPA ID No.: PAD098732118

Address: Box 212, Steven Road, York Haven, PA 17370

County: York 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Industrial Solvents and Chemical 

Company (ISCC), an 8.9-acre site, stored, repackaged and sold products; reprocessed solvents; 

transported, stored and distributed recycled solvents; recycled and distributed used and new oil; 

and transported and stored hazardous wastes. The Aerosol Company (Aerosol) owned and 

operated the site for an unknown period of time prior to ISCC. Aerosol went bankrupt by 1974 

and the property was acquired by the York County Industrial Development Authority (YCIDA). 

At this time, ISCC began leasing from YCIDA. A supply well was drilled in 1974 and was 

discovered to be contaminated with volatile organic compounds. However, in 1969, complaints 

reportedly already began regarding potentially contaminated groundwater in the vicinity of the 

site. In June 1990, ISCC and its owners filed for bankruptcy and operations were ceased in MayJune 1990. When ISCC abandoned the site, there were approximately 194 aboveground storage 

tanks and thousands of 55-gallon drums, 5-gallon carboys and other assorted containers of 

smaller volumes present at the site. The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Groundwater is contaminated with volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs). The contamination affected several residential and commercial wells. The abandoned 

drums and tanks, totaling more than 600,000 gallons of wastes (the majority being hazardous), 

were successfully removed from the Site between December 1993 and August 1995. As of 1998, 

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Quality had paid $3.3 million for clean up costs at 

ISCC with a final remedy at the site likely to cost another $1 to $1.3 million. As of 1998, PA 

DEQ had entered into approximately 40 consent decrees and consent order and agreements with 

over 600 potentially responsible parties for a total cost recovery of $4,384,120. 

Sources of Information: 

Bilash, Kevin (EPA Project Manager) (215) 814-2796, Interview 18 November 2005.

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Quality. “Office of Chief Counsel 1998 Annual 

Report.” 1998. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/chiefcounsel/1998_annual_report.pdf
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Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Quality. “Cost Recovery Efforts at Industrial 

Solvents Prove Successful.” 5 December 1997. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/polycomm/update/12-05-97/12059714.htm

USEPA. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility Industrial Solvents & 

Chemicals Co.” 30 June 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/pa/pdf/pad098732118.pdf

USEPA. “Industrial Solvents & Chemicals Co.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 

2006. 

USEPA. “Industrial Solvents & Chemical Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000701964

Additional Contacts:

Kevin Bilash (EPA Project Manager) (215) 814-2796

Susan Frank (PA DEP Community Relations Coordinator) (717) 540-5013
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Site Information

Site Name: Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery

EPA ID No.: UT0001277359

Address: 995 South 500 West, Bountiful, UT, 84010

County: Davis

NPL Site: Final: 5/11/2000

In CERCLIS Database: 0801545

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery 

occupied 2 acres and operated for about 35 years. Operations ceased in 1993 when the company 

forfeited its permit to operate. This site, however, was not abandoned because there was still an 

operator at the time the site ceased operations. Operators re-refined waste oil on site and sent the 

product to area cement facilities for use as fuel. Local landfills took the waste sludge that was 

produced. This site was not RCRA permitted. The selected remedy at this site combines dual 

phase extraction and groundwater pump and treatment to optimize the cleanup. Additionally, the 

containers in the garage would be disposed of properly so they do not present a risk in the future. 

The duration of the cleanup is 4 years. Total capital costs are estimated at $156,400. The total 

annual treatment system O&M cost for the first year is estimated at $181,200 and for the second 

year through duration $254,027. The period cost estimate is $18,324. The total estimated worth 

therefore is $598,200 with the addition of the container disposal, which will add little to the 

overall cost. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination at this site likely occurred both before and after 

1982. Neighbors associated odors and health problems with the site. Contaminants including 

solvents were discovered on site and have also contaminated the groundwater beneath the site. 

EPA removed and disposed of the chemicals in the lab building, various drums and containers, 2 

trailer tanks, and one underground storage tank and its contents.

Sources of Information:

Lloyd, Lisa (EPA Region 8 RPM), Interview 7 November 2005. 

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery.” CERCLIS. 5 

August 2004. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0804587.pdf.

USEPA. NPL Site Narrative for Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery.” 7 October 2004. 21 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1579.htm.
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USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Intermountain Waste Oil Refinery.” CERCLIS. 27 

October 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0801545.

Utah Department of Health under a Cooperative Agreement with the Agency for Toxic 

Substances and Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment: Intermountain Waste Oil 

Refinery.” 30 September 2003. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/intermountain/int_toc.html.

Additional Contacts:

Lisa Lloyd (RPM) (303) 312-6537
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Site Information

Site Name: International Processing Specialists (IPS)

EPA ID No.: FLD982109761

Address: 1859 East Adams Street, Jacksonville, FL 322020

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: International Processing Specialists 

(IPS) operated a used oil processing facility until June 2001. The operation included storage and 

treatment of used oil, oily wastewater and non-hazardous industrial wastewater in over 11 tanks 

with a total capacity of approximately 1.3 million gallons. The company abandoned the site, 

leaving over 1 million gallons of used oil and other waste after IPS suspended its operation. 

Violations at the facility were first uncovered during an inspection in 1995. Following the 

discovery, Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) entered into a Consent 

Order with IPS to resolve violations while allowing the company to continue to operate. 

However, four subsequent inspections in 1998 and 1999 revealed repeat violations including 

operating unpermitted units on and off site; failing to comply with permit conditions; failure to 

remove used oil from secondary containment and failure to clean up spills. As a final remedy, 

FDEP issued an order to revoke the company’s permit on March 15, 2002.

Description of Contamination: In summer 2005 EPA completed a major clean up to remove 

waste from the tanks and stop leakage from the tanks.

Sources of Information: 

Florida State Department of Environmental Protection – Press Office. “State Revokes Waste 

Permit.” 10 May 2002. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.dep.state.fl.us/secretary/news/2002/02-051.htm

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “International Processing Specialists.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002562879
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Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
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Site Information:

Site Name: Interstate Lead Co. (ILCO)

EPA ID No.: ALD041906173

Address: 1247 Borden Avenue SE, Leeds, AL 35094

County: Jefferson

NPL Site: Final: 06/10/86

In CERCLIS Database: 0404344

Description of Recycling Operation: The ILCO facility operated as a secondary lead smelter 

and lead battery recycling facility from 1970 to 1992 at which time the site was abandoned. 

From approximately 1970 to 1984, the company reportedly used lead-contaminated materials 

such as blast furnace slag, battery casings, and wastewater treatment sludge as fill material at 

seven satellite sites in and around the City of Leeds which are known as the: ILCO Parking Lot, 

Gulf/BP Service Station (currently operated as a BP Service Station), J & L Fabricators, 

Flemmings Patio, the Connell Property, the City of Leeds Landfill, and the Church of God of 

Prophecy in Acmar, herein referred to as the Acmar Church of God. The Interstate Lead 

Company ceased operations in March 1992 and declared bankruptcy shortly thereafter. Shortly 

after this abandonment, USEPA issued Records of Decision (RODs) for each of the three 

operable units comprising the site. 

This site was never RCRA permitted. 

Description of Contamination: ILCO's battery cracking and recycling operations have resulted 

in extensive lead and cadmium contamination on and near the ILCO main facility in soil, surface 

water, and groundwater. Monitoring by the company in January and February of 1985 detected 

lead and cadmium in ground water underlying the facility. The state has measured elevated 

levels of lead in Dry Creek and an unnamed tributary to Dry Creek adjacent to the facility. The 

Jefferson County Department of Health in 1983 and 1984 measured elevated lead concentrations 

in ambient air south and southwest of ILCO. USEPA collected surface water, sediment, and 

biota samples during 1994 from the unnamed tributary, Dry Creek, and the Little Cahaba River 

and analyzed them for lead and other chemicals. 

The estimated cost of implementing selected remedies was approximately $60,000,000. As the 

state of Alabama did not have sufficient resources to fund the state cost share, a fund-lead 

cleanup was not an option. Based upon ILCO's operating records, USEPA identified 

approximately 979 PRPs who sent spent batteries or other lead bearing waste material to the site. 

USEPA issued notice letters to these PRPs in the fall of 1993. Special Notice Letters were issued 

to large quantity generators in the fall of 1995. On September 30, 1996, the Region requested 
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DOJ to concur in a settlement with 20 generator PRPs at the ILCO site. Under the terms of the 

proposed settlement, the settling defendants will conduct RD/RA for the entire site including all 

seven satellite sites, and will reimburse the United States for $1,823,644 of $16,683,773 in past 

response costs. Also, the ILCO PRPs will reimburse the United States for future oversight costs 

related to the Consent Decree in excess of $300,000. Under the guidance on orphan share 

compensation dated June 3, 1996, the region, with headquarters concurrence, has agreed to 

compensate the settling defendants by giving them a credit of $14,860,125 against outstanding 

past costs which represents 25 percent of the estimated future cleanup costs. This settlement is 

one of the first to provide for compensation to settlers under the orphan share reform in 

accordance with the recently issued guidance. In addition, proceeds from de minimis settlements 

will be split between USEPA and the settling defendants 50-50 with USEPA's share to be 

applied against outstanding past costs. Based upon de minimis settlements totaling over $1.8 

million, the PRPs were wired over $900,000 in May 1999.

Total cleanup expenditure as of September 2004 was $13,596,768.92. 

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Interstate Lead Co.” 29 September 1995. 

16 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0495243.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 15 January 

2006. 

USEPA. “Interstate Lead Co.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 24 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0404344

USEPA. “Interstate Lead Co.” EPA Envirofacts Warehouse. (n.d). 24 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110017418007

USEPA. “Interstate Lead Co.” RCRAInfo. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006.

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Interstate Lead Co.” 12 December 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplal/ilcoal.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Interstate Lead Co.” 10 June 1986. 16 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0404344.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Island Recycling

EPA ID No.:

Address: 20014 Hwy 525, Freeland, WA 98249

County: Island

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Island Recycling recycles personal 

computers, circuit boards, peripherals, faxes, and televisions.

Description of Contamination: An initial investigation was done in March of 2003. The soil 

and surface are contaminated and it is suspected that the drinking water and groundwater may 

also be contaminated. 

Sources of Information: 

Western Electronic Product Stewardship Initiative. Recycle Your Computer: Washington.” 2001. 

17 January 2006. http://www.recyclingadvocates.org/wepsi/wa-business.htm.
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Site Name: J Pitt Melt Shop

EPA ID No.: ILN000508169

Address: 3151 S. California, Chicago, IL 60608

County: Cook

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0508169

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In 1918, the owner of the site, the 

Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (MWRDGC) leased the property 

for 99 years. The lease was subsequently assigned to California Auto Reclamation Co., a 

majority of which is owned by M S Kaplan Company. Kaplan has been subleasing the property 

to various companies processing steel billet and blooms from scrap steel. The most recent 

company on the site, J Pitt Steel, ceased operations in 1996 and its parent company filed for 

Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 1997. 

Description of Contamination: On April 5, 2001, the City of Chicago Department of 

Environment (CDE), discovered abandoned artillery shells and observed oil releasing from the 

site into the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. CDE referred the site to USEPA, and received 

assistance of the U.S. Army to address the munitions. Subsequent USEPA assessment activities 

determined hazardous materials had contaminated the site including, up to 54,000 ppm 

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); electric arc furnace dust (K061); lead, chromium, and 

cadmium dust and ash; drums and containers with acids, caustics, and solvents; cesium-137 in 

mold level control devices, and; friable asbestos. 

On April 10, 2001, Kaplan and the MWRDGC stated that they would perform the work and pay 

for all site cleanup costs under an AOC to be negotiated with the USEPA. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “J Pitt Melt Shop.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0508169

USEPA. “J. Pitt Melt Shop.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110006819416

USEPA Region 5 – Regional Council. “Enforcement Action Summary FY 2001 I-L.” 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/orc/enfactions/enfactions2001/name-itol.htm
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Additional Contacts:

Brad Benning (OSC) (312) 353-7613

Stuart P. Hersh (Multi-Media Branch I) (312) 886-6235
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Site Information:

Site Name: J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Service

EPA ID No.: TXD982164162

Address: 4927 Higdon Road, San Antonio, TX

County: Bexar

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0604940

Description of Recycling Operation: The site was operated from May 1984 until April 1992. 

During its eight years of operation, the site received an unknown quantity of used barrels and 

various chemicals, including used oil, antifreeze, and solvents. Most of the oil and other 

chemicals were sold to recyclers, and the drums were sold for use as animal feeders, trash 

barrels, and barbeque pits. Pollution at the site resulted from spills and discharges from the oil 

storage tanks and from the barrel-cleaning activities. The site did not have a permit at any time.

Description of Contamination: In 1991, Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission 

(TNRCC) investigators discovered that the same types of solvents spilled on the ground at the 

J.C. Pennco site were present in one of the nearby residential water wells. In May 1992, the 

owner filed bankruptcy, and the site was abandoned. Contaminates include: chlorinated and nonchlorinated solvents, metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons 

(TPH), benzene, ethyl benzene, toluene, xylene, and tetrachloride. From 1995 to 1996, in 

cooperation with the TNRCC and the San Antonio Water System, USEPA extended city water 

lines into the area. Additionally, USEPA removed approximately 4,000 drums, 120 cubic yards 

of soil and debris, 31,500 gallons of liquid wastes, and 23 tanks from the site to eliminate 

potential sources of surface and groundwater contamination. In November 1996, the USEPA 

referred the J.C. Pennco site back to the state for further remedial action. While material was 

sold to recyclers, poor housekeeping practices led to contamination.

On February 24, 2005, a legal notice of citation by publication was published in the Eagle Pass 

News Guide identifying 21 of 52 parties responsible for waste at the J.C. Pennco Waste Oil 

Service Superfund site.

Sources of Information:

Boucher, Carol (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2501, Interview 9 

December 2005. 
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Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Services.” 9 January 

2006. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/jcpennco.html.

Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission. “Community Relations Plan for the J.C. 

Waste Oil Recycling Superfund Site Bexar County, Texas.” November 1999. 20 January 

2006. 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/remediation/superfund/register/pdf0134.pdf

USEPA. “J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Svc: Multisystem Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 20 

January 2006. 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005194146.

USEPA. “Site Information: J.C. Pennco Waste Oil Svc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 

January 2006. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0604940.

Additional Contacts:

Carol Boucher (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2501 

cboucher@tceq.state.tx.us
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Site Information

Site Name: Jack Goins Waste Oil

EPA ID No.: TND981022395

Address: 801 15th St. N.E., Cleveland, TN 37311

County: Bradley

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406904

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Jack Goins Waste Oil site was an 

oil collection and recycling facility between 1985 and 1999. Although the facility is closed, the 

owner/operator, Mr. Jack Goins, continues to perform some activities on site, such as vehicle 

maintenance and oil filter crushing. The facility includes three buildings, a warehouse, and an 

office. The garage was used for vehicle maintenance and equipment storage. The warehouse 

contains the oil filter press and also provides storage space for equipment, tools, and supplies.

The warehouse contained 20 to 30 55-gallon drums. Many of these drums contained crushed and 

uncrushed oil filters, while other drums contained lubricating oils or were empty. Eleven aboveground storage tanks (AST) are also located on the facility property and the adjacent property. 

Description of Contamination: In 1999, as a result of serious contamination at the site from 

years of inadequate waste oil storage and handling practices, USEPA conducted a clean-up 

action during which 105,000 gallons of contaminated waste oil, 85,000 gallons of wastewater, 

and 224 cubic yards of contaminated soil were removed and shipped offsite for proper disposal. 

The site is contaminated with lead and benzene. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. “Administrative Record Index: Jack Goins Waste Oil Removal Site.” 30 

November 1999. 20 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region4/waste/errb/goinsar.pdf

EPA Region 4. “Fiscal Year 2002 Enforcement & Compliance Assurance Accomplishments 

Report.” (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/ead/attachments/2002_accomplishments_report.pdf

USEPA. “Jack Goins Waste Oil.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110004982626

USEPA. “Jack Goins Waste Oil.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006.

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406904
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Additional Contacts:

Jack Goins (RCRA) (615) 555-1212

Mary C. Johnson (Associate Regional Counsel USEPA, Region 4) 404-562-9526
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Site Information

Site Name: JG Grant & Sons Inc.

EPA ID No.: MAD071707301

Address: 60 Garden Park, Braintree, MA 02184

County: Norfolk

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0100567

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Prior to the early 1970s, this property 

was an undeveloped wetland located within Cedar Swamp. In the early 1970s, Antonellis 

Transportation company developed the property by filling in the northern portion with shredded 

auto parts and sand. 

In 1977, Grant began operating a scrap metal salvage yard on the property. The on-site 

operations have involved receiving, sorting, cutting, and processing scrap metal that is 

subsequently shipped to smelters for recycling. Scrap processed at the property included iron, 

aluminum, brass, copper, steel, computer parts, junked automobiles, machinery parts, tanks of 

many sizes, drums, and other miscellaneous items. Some of the scrap metal processed at the 

facility may have contained hazardous coatings of paint, solvents, and/or fuel oil. Between 1977 

and 1986, Grant accepted approximately 20 to 30 truckloads of metal scraps per day; the primary 

client at the time was General Dynamic Shipyard. For an unknown period of time, Grant 

personnel have stored waste oil in a 500-gallon underground storage tank located on site.

In 1984, four fires occurred at the Grant property. While investigating the fires, the Braintree 

Fire Department observed illegally stored marine paints on the property and notified the 

Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection and USEPA of possibly hazardous 

conditions on the Grant property. A 1986 site inspection revealed ripped bags of asbestos, 20 full 

drums with unknown contents, and an abandoned 600-gallon waste oil tank. 

Current operations at the property are unknown; however, in 1995, Grant had continued 

accepting approximately one truckload of scrap metal per day from General Electric, and 

additional items from other clients on an intermittent basis. 

Description of Contamination: Approximately 10.75 miles of wetland frontage, fisheries, and a 

Clean Water Act (CWA)-protected water body occur along the 15-mile surface downstream 

water pathway. Analytical results of surface water pathway samples collected from Cedar 

Swamp and the Monatiquot River in 1986 and 1987 indicated the presence of 13 metals 
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including barium, chromium, lead, and nickel; three volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 

including benzene and toluene; fuel oil; 12 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs); three 

pesticides; and four polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Based on these results, a CWA-protected 

water body, a fishery, and a wetland have been impacted.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 1. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England: JG Grant & Sons Inc.” 15 July 

2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/8dc91d312e0ff5a085256b4200604a77?OpenDo

cument

USEPA. “JG Grant and Sons, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009289787

USEPA. “JG Grant and Sons Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0100567

Additional Contacts:

Daniel Keefe (617) 292-5940 Daniel.Keefe@state.ma.us

Nancy Smith (Site Assessment Manager) (617) 918-1436
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Site Information:

Site Name: Joe Sikes Oil Service, Inc. 

EPA ID No.: GAD981262470

Address: 3551 Athens Highway, Jefferson, GA 30549

County: Jackson

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0409809

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Joe Sikes Oil Services is a used oil 

dealer that collects, bulks, and distributes used motor oil. The facility has 10 oil storage tanks 

(varying from 2,000 gallon to 18,000 gallon capacity) in one tank farm. A second tank farm 

contains three diesel tanks for fueling. A third tank farm contains eight tanks for storing coolant 

water. Two additional tanks containing oily sludge sit in the back of the facility. According to the 

foreman of Sikes Oil Service, oil has not been processed at the facility since fall of 1999; 

however, the facility still receives various types of waste oil for storage from industrial 

(nonautomotive) sources until it can be transported to processing facilities. The facility was 

granted a solid waste handling permit for storage of municipal solid waste until it is transported 

off site for disposal. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination resulted from the transportation of used oil 

directly connected to recycling practices. At approximately 11:15 PM on June 19, 2005, a tanker 

truck off-loading used oil at the facility exploded. The driver was killed instantly and the 

contents of the tanker truck either burned with the truck or were released to the ground 

surrounding the facility. The tank purportedly contained used motor oil. The cause of the 

explosion is unknown. The building sustained significant damage. Approximately 200 to 300 

gallons were released to the ground. The spill was contained and cleaned up over a period of five 

hours by the responsible party, with oversight by EP. The contaminants of concern at this 

facility, based on the nature of operation, are VOCs. At Sikes Oil Service, releases of VOCs to 

air could have occurred through the following activities: (1) the heating of the oil without the use 

of, or with faulty, emissions equipment; (2) the storage and transfer of oil products, (3) routine 

vehicle maintenance, and (4) the storage of solid waste. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). October 2005.

Georgia Department of Human Resources under a Cooperative Agreement with the Agency for 

Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. “Petitioned Health Consultation: Sikes Oil 
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Service.” 16 January 2002. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/sikesoil/sos_toc.html

USEPA. “Joe Sikes Oil Services.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001420230

USEPA. “Sikes Oil.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0409809. 

USEPA. “Sikes Oil Services.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=1683.

Additional Contacts:

David Dorian (USEPA Region 4) On-Scene Coordinator, Environmental Engineer, 

(404) 562-8767, dorian.david@epa.gov

John Kroske (USEPA Region 4) Environmental Engineer (404) 562-8613
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Site Information

Site Name: Joel C. Patterson and AC

EPA ID No.: FLR000012955

Address: 2919 S. Street, Fort Myers, FL 339160

County: Lee

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Joel C. Patterson and AC was an AC 

and mercury lamp recycler. It violated hazardous waste, storage tank, petroleum cleanup, solid 

waste, air, freon, and TSCA regulations. 

Description of Contamination: 2,800 waste tires, 1,000-gallon tank of used oil, and several 

unmarked 55-gallon drums were removed by the property owner. Cleanup costs ranged from 

$500,000-$1,000,000.

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Joel C. Patterson.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005633485

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (FDEP) (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
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Site Information

Site Name: John Alexander Research

EPA ID No.: CAD980887350

Address: 1753 Sierra Highway, Rosamond, CA 93560

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Dr. John Alexander recycled nickel 

catalysts at this 5-acre site. The site was on the state superfund list and was part of the Rosamond 

Cancer Cluster Investigation. The California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) 

conducted an onsite inspection and inventory of waste in 1988, and in the years that followed 

conducted additional site inspections. 

USEPA issued an Administrative Order to Alexander Research in January 1990. The Order 

required: securing and repackaging all leaking drums; chemically characterizing all drummed 

materials; transporting offsite for disposal or treatment of approximately 2,300 drums; cleaning 

out the onsite acid pits; and applying a polymer sealant to the soil. This work was completed in 

June 1990. DTSC issued an Imminent or Substantial Endangerment/ Remedial Action Order 

(I/SE & RAO) for this site in April 1991. A remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) 

were completed in May 1992. Bench scale treatability studies were conducted to determine the 

site specific viability of soil washing for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. The 

results of this work did not support use of soil washing; therefore, the remedial option proposed 

in the Draft Remedial Action Plan (RAP) is to consist of on-site consolidation and capping.

DTSC sued for response cost recovery in 1998. The 2002 court judgment in favor of DTSC was 

appealed. In 2003 the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit upheld the decision. DTSC and 

Dr. Alexander negotiated the final settlement amount of $405,000 which covers DTSC costs 

through September 30, 2000, attorney fees of the Attorney General's office and the CERCLA 

post judgment interest. 

Description of Contamination: The site is contaminated with heavy metals, in waste piles, 

debris and spillage on soils. The property was reported to have approximately 500 drums 

containing nickel catalyst onsite. An onsite sump contains hazardous levels of nickel (Ni), lead 

(Pb) and zinc (Zn). Copper (Cu), Ni and Pb were found at high concentrations in soil and waste 

samples obtained from the site. Arsenic (As), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), cadmium (Cd), 

antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), thallium (Ti), vanadium (V) and Zn were also found at hazardous 
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levels. A preliminary assessment with soil and groundwater sampling was done by DTSC in 

August 1988. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “$405,000 Settlement Reached with 

Dr. John Alexander.” 21 October 2003. 16 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/loader.cfm?url=/commonspot/security/getfile.cfm&pageid=5317

3

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “John Alexander.” Site Cleanup – Site 

Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.). 16 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=15330004

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 22 November 

2005.

USEPA. “John Alexander Research.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110006468811

USEPA. “Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Site Progress Profile: 

John Alexander Research.” 10 December 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAD980887350
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Site Information

Site Name: K & D Salvage Yard

EPA ID No.:

Address: 600 South Union Ave. Bakersfield, CA 93307

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1958 through 1989, the

site was used as a metal recycler and storage facility. The site encompasses approximately 10 

acres of fenced, vacant land, and is located in an area of town that houses light industrial, 

commercial businesses, and some residences. Directly south of the site is the abandoned Benham 

and Johnson/Double “D” metal recycling facility. Though the sites are adjacent, they are being 

dealt with as two separate projects due to the different industrial activities that occurred at each 

of them. 

The site was used for storage and recycling of metal from 1958 until 1989, when it was 

abandoned by its owners. For the next 10 years the site was subject to unauthorized dumping and 

occupied by transients. In October 1998, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control 

(DTSC) removed debris, such as household items and furniture, in preparation of conducting 

preliminary soil sampling in the winter of 1999. 

Description of Contamination: On June 7, 1990, DTSC received an anonymous phone call 

indicating that wastes from old transformers and old cars were disposed of at the property. On 

August 15, 1990, the Department inspected the property and collected two soil samples. Field 

inspections showed the presence of waste materials spreading over the property and into an old 

pit. Soil samples collected at the site were found to contain elevated levels of copper, lead, and 

zinc. Samples were not analyzed for other chemicals such as PCB. On April 19, 1996, the Kern 

County Environmental Health Services Department (Kern County) notified the Department that 

soils at the former K&D Salvage Yard may have been contaminated with elevated levels of 

PCBs because PCBs were detected in the soils removed from the site. Analyses of the sampling 

in 1999 confirmed that site soil is contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 

heavy metals, including lead and zinc.

A remedial investigation report was completed in June 2000, a Risk Assessment was completed 

in May 2001 and an Alternative Evaluation (AE) was completed in November 2001. The AE 

indicated a removal action could be completed for around $1 million.
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Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances and Control. “K & D Salvage Fact Sheet.” February 

2003. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Projects/upload/K&DSalvage_FS_DRAW.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances and Control. “K & D Salvage Site Cleanup.” (n.d.).

23 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/CalSites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=15500001

Additional Contacts:

Maria Gillette, DTSC (916) 255-3953, MGILLETT@dtsc.ca.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Kempton Brothers, Inc.

EPA ID No.: FLR000054353

Address: 14525 N. Florida, Tampa, FL 33613

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Kempton Brothers was in the business 

of recovering and cleaning used automobile parts. In the process, between the years 1976 and 

1994, solvents and other pollutants were illegally flushed into a gravel-lined pit. At various 

times, the defendants excavated sludge containing hazardous waste from the pit and illegally 

disposed of it by placing it in automobiles destined for the scrap yard. On September 18, 1998 

Kempton Brothers pleaded guilty to two counts of knowingly disposing of hazardous waste. 

Robert Bruce Kempton, president of the salvage operation and auto parts business, pleaded 

guilty to one count of knowingly disposing of hazardous waste and one count of willfully 

making a false statement to a law officer. Kempton faces a maximum term of 10 years in prison 

and fines of $50,000 a day per violations, which occurred daily between September 1992 and 

May 1994. 

Description of Contamination: Solvents illegally disposed in gravel-lined pit.

Sources of Information: 

Daily Environmental Report No. 191, “State, Federal Officials Crack Down on Criminal

Violators in Tampa Bay.” BNA, Inc. 2 October 1998. 21 January 2006. 

http://pubs.bna.com/NWSSTND/IP/BNA/den.nsf/SearchAllView/6EA088D64F5BF8AD

85256691000BC1D9?Open&highlight=RECYCLER

USEPA. “Kempton Brothers Porsche Parts.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005655362
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Site Name: Leeds Metal

EPA ID No.: MEN000103584

Address: Blue Rock Road, Leeds, ME, 04263

County: Androscoggin

NPL Site: Proposed, September 2011

In CERCLIS Database: MEN000103584

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The 36-acre Leeds Metal site is located 

in a mixed residential/industrial area in the southeastern Maine community of Leeds. The site is 

bounded to the north by a former concrete manufacturing facility, a sand and gravel operation, 

and by Blue Rock Road; to the east by the Rumford Branch of Pan Am Railways; to the south by 

wetlands and residential properties; and to the west by Route 106.

Operations at the Leeds Metal site date back to the mid-to-late-1800s, however little is known 

about specific site activities prior to 1969 other than it was known as Libby’s Pit and was a sand 

and gravel mine. From 1969 to1984, scrap metal recovery processes took place, performed by a 

series of site operators including Michael Schiavone & Songs, Lucas Salvage Company, and 

Leeds Metal. The scrap material was separated into ferrous and non-ferrous material, and the 

non-ferrous material was discarded as waste suitable to be used as fill material. Junk automobiles 

were shredded onsite, where non-recyclable material, known as auto fluff, was stockpiled. 

Gasoline and other fluids from junk cars were dumped directly onto the ground, and as many as 

100 drums were staged along the tree line in the southern part of the site. The Leeds Fire 

Department has responded to numerous fires at the site. Available information indicates that the 

last operations on the Leeds Metal property were conducted by a private individual, who 

operated a scrap metal recovery facility on the property for a portion of 1984. The site is 

currently inactive and unoccupied, and appears to have remained abandoned since operations 

ceased in 1984. 

Description of Contamination: Approximately 40,000 cubic yards of auto fluff waste is present 

at the site and fully exposed and uncontained. Another source of contamination, the former 

operations area, has no fence or other containment features to limit access or exposure to site 

wastes. Hazardous substances include polychorinated biphenyls (PCBs), volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene (TCE), and metals (arsenic, 

cadmium, chromium and lead). A groundwater plume of VOCs is documented onsite and has 

extended southward, contaminating seven drinking water supply wells at concentrations 

exceeding health-based benchmarks. Metals associated with site operations have also 

contaminated wetlands onsite.
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Contamination at the site has been known to environmental authorities since the early 1980s. On 

June 2, 1983, personnel from the Maine Department of Environmental Protection (ME DEP) 

responded to a complaint of a leaking transformer at the Leeds Metal property. ME DEP noted 

the presence of five transformers and 27 drums, some of which were leaking. In addition, as part 

of the investigation, ME DEP personnel collected two soil samples, one from around a leaking 

transformer and one from around leaking drums. Analytical results of the soil samples indicated 

the presence of two PCBs in both of the soil samples. 

On June 30, 1983, ME DEP personnel mobilized to the Leeds Metal property to collect 13 drum 

samples, and one sludge sample from a lagoon located on the property. Analytical results of the 

13 drum samples did not indicate the presence of PCBs above the analytical detection limit. 

Analytical results of the sludge sample indicated the presence of Aroclor-1260 at an estimated 

concentration of 3.6 mg/Kg. 

On April 30, 1987, ME DEP personnel responded to a report of abandoned drums at the Leeds 

Metal property. The ME DEP investigator indicated that the drums on the property had not been 

disposed of, although the property owner had stated that the drum disposal had been completed. 

The property owner subsequently hired a contractor to remove 1,045 gallons of drum contents as 

well as an additional 19 drums from the property.

On October 24, 1997, ME DEP personnel collected 15 surface soil samples to determine if a 

release of hazardous substances to soils had occurred. PCB analytical results of the surface soil 

samples indicated the presence of two PCB Aroclors, Aroclor-1248 and -1260, above laboratory 

reporting limits (RLs). Additionally arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead were detected above 

laboratory RLs. Fuel Oil analysis indicated the samples contained diesel range organics (DRO) 

and total petroleum hydrocarbons.

Seven private drinking water supply wells serving 17 residents were contaminated by VOCs 

(PCE and TCE) from the site. The drinking water contamination exceeded health-based 

benchmarks, and there was no alternative public drinking water supply wells in Leeds. The ME 

DEP removed drummed waste and an abandoned transformer; sampled soil; sampled nearby 

private drinking water wells to identify possible off-site migration of wastes; oversaw a series of 

investigations to assess the site and groundwater in the area; and installed carbon filtration 

devices at five homes with VOC contamination exceeding state health benchmark. U.S. EPA 

completed removal investigations in 2010 that documented significant contamination on site, 

impacts to nearby private drinking water supplies, and the need for response actions to address 
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imminent hazards posed by the uncontrolled wastes on site. In addition, a U.S. EPA removal 

action designed to limit access to on-site wastes was planned for fall 2011. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Leeds Metal. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1849.htm

2. USEPA. Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England Leeds Metal. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/8b160ae5c647980585256bba0066f907/b1c9a222

1ed8fe1985257918004d739f!OpenDocument

3. USEPA. Hazardous Ranking System Documentation Record Leeds Metal. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region1/superfund/sites/leeds/475949.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Lighting Recyclers, Inc.

EPA ID No.: ORQ000005629

Address: 651 N. Russell St., Portland, OR 97227

County: Multnomah

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Lighting Recyclers was a permitted 

(solid waste permit) lamp facility operating in northeast Portland from 1997 to 1999. 

Description of Contamination: During a complaint investigation in 1999, it was found that the 

facility had exceeded its permit hazardous waste storage limits. Hazardous waste was found 

stored in an uncovered dumpster. Waste from the dumpster was found entering nearby storm 

drain. The company was also found to be mishandling mercury powder, some of which was 

blowing out through the door of the facility. Also, the company improperly accumulated and 

stored more than 13,000 pounds of glass contaminated with mercury at the site. Emission control 

equipment had been removed from the lamp crusher. Lighting Recyclers received a $62,340 civil 

penalty on April 20, 2000 for violating hazardous waste management laws and the company’s 

solid waste permit. Required financial assurance was not available to assist cleanup when facility 

closed. 

Sources of Information: 

Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. “DEQ Levies Penalties Totaling $367,286 During 

March-April.” 25 May 2000. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.or.us/news/prDisplay.asp?docID=434

US Army Corps of Engineers. “HTRW Center of Expertise Information – TDSF.” (n.d.). 22 

January 2006. http://www.environmental.usace.army.mil/library/pubs/tsdf/sec6-3-4/sec6-

3-4.html

Additional Contacts:

Les Carlough (Enforcement Program Manager) (503) 229-5422
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Site Information

Site Name: Lightman Drum Company

EPA ID No.: NJD014743678

Address: Route 73, Winslow Township, NJ 08009

County: Camden

NPL Site: Final: 10/22/1999

In CERCLIS Database: 200280

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Lightman Drum Company acquired the 

site in 1974 and recycled both full and empty drums until operations ceased in 1988. The facility 

sometimes received full drums which required emptying before they could be cleaned and 

recycled; an on-site pit was used to dispose of the contents. After a complaint and legal action, 

the company agreed to upgrade its disposal technique and a 1977 inspection revealed the 

presence of two 5000-gallon underground storage tanks on the property. The facility accepted 

chemical powders, pesticides, waste oils, emulsions, oil sludges, paint, pigment, ink residues, 

ketones, alcohols, mixed solvents, acids and alkalis. 

Recycling operations ceased at the site, following a 1988 Administrative Order which found 

significant contamination of hazardous substances as a result of the company’s operations. 

Though these recycling operations no longer occur, United Cooperage is currently buying and 

selling used drums at the location.

In March 2000, USEPA sent out 32 letters to potentially responsible parties (PRP) who may have 

contributed to the contamination at the Site and may be liable for costs of the response actions. In 

November 2000 sixteen PRPs signed an Administrative Order on Consent to perform the 

remedial investigation and feasibility study at the site. USEPA expects that the ongoing remedial 

investigation and feasibility study will be completed in late 2006.

Description of Contamination: Between 1987 and 1988, both NJDEP and Lightman Drum 

Company conducted sampling that revealed the soil at the site was contaminated with various 

volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, metals, and pesticides. Lightman Drum Company 

subsequently conducted a Remedial Investigation that revealed the ground water at the site was 

also contaminated. 

Sources of Information: 

Mitchell, Tanya. (212) 637-4362, Interview 21 November 2005.
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USEPA. “Lightman Drum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0200280

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet: Lightman Drum Company.” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0200280c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Lightman Drum Company.” 22 October 1999. 18 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0200280.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Liquid Chemical Corp.

EPA ID No.: CAD990769465

Address: 10585 Industrial Avenue, Hanford, CA 93230

County: Kings

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0900394

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Liquid Chemical Corporation (LCC) is 

a former fertilizer manufacturer. The site was operational from 1970 until the late 1980's and 

produced liquid and dry zinc sulfate fertilizers utilizing hazardous waste (RCRA waste code 

K061) dust from the primary production of steel as a raw material. Mineral King Minerals 

(MKM) has leased the facility from LCC. MKM continues to produce zinc sulfate fertilizer and 

other organic fertilizers utilizing non-hazardous waste raw materials. 

LCC was near bankrupt in 2001 and the current lessee, Mineral King, was under no obligation to 

collect environmental data or remediate the site. Although not obligated to do so, the lessee has 

voluntarily conducted extensive soil excavation at the site. MKM has been working voluntarily 

with USEPA to address the contaminated surface soils by consolidating them into the former 

disposal lagoons and capping them. They have verbally agreed to collect additional groundwater 

samples to determine if groundwater is impacted.

This site was not RCRA permitted. 

Description of Contamination: Soils at the facility have been heavily impacted by metals 

contamination consisting of lead (at concentrations up to 7%), zinc, cadmium, chromium, arsenic 

and others. Soils contamination is believed to occur primarily in surficial soils down to two to 

three feet below ground surface. Several large disposal ponds exist on site and contain waste 

sludge (now dry granular waste) with high concentrations of metals. Results from ground water 

monitoring data are inconclusive; however, older data is of poor quality, but suggests that metals 

have leached to groundwater at concentrations of concern. Additional data is needed to 

determine if LCC has impacted ground water. The primary contaminated media of concern in 

terms of human exposures is soil.

Elevated lead blood levels in site workers were noted in 1985. Surface impoundments were not 

closed in 1984 because facility was intending to reclaim at the sludges. The product contained 10 

percent zinc, 2-3 percent lead, along with levels of copper, cadmium, and chrome.
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Potential sources of contamination (ponds with insufficient freeboard, K061 waste pile without 

wind controls) were observed after the effective date of RCRA. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 9. “Documentation of Determination: Liquid Chemical.” 5 February 1999. 

17 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/22acf29f5bba333688256acc00752419/$FILE/Li

quid%20Chemical%20465%20EI%2000.pdf

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005. 

USEPA. “Liquid Chemical Corp.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 24 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0900394

USEPA. “Liquid Chemical Corp.” RCRAInfo 27 June 2002. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Mineral King Minerals, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110020489719

USEPA. “RCRA Cleanup Reforms Success Stories: Liquid Chemical 

Corporation – Rapid Site Characterization and Contaminant Reduction.” 

11 October 2001. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/CF60DA596A96ACBD88256ED100569379?O

penDocument

USEPA. “RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms Addendum: Liquid

Chemical Corp.” 26 March 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/22acf29f5bba333688256acc00752419/$FILE/Li

quid%20Chemical%20465%20+%2000.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Jere Johnsone (Site Assessment Manager) (415) 972-3094 

Matt Mitguard (SAM) (415) 972-3096

Barry Cofer (RCRA inspector) 415-972-3303
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Site Information

Site Name: Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.

EPA ID No.: CAD029295706

Address: 1515 S 10th St., San Jose, CA 95112

County: Santa Clara

NPL Site: Final: 10/04/89 

In CERCLIS Database: 0901287

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co. recycled 

drums at a plant in San Jose. It began receiving barrels in 1947. Many of the drums contained 

residual aqueous wastes, organic solvents, acids, oxidizers, caustic residues, and oils. Between 

1950 and 1978, a drainage ditch carried process wastes to a large sump in the northern corner of 

property, and other ponded areas existed on site. Wastes from the sump were discharged to a 

storm drain system. Sometime between 1968 and 1971, the discharge was diverted to a sanitary 

sewer; investigations indicate that this discharge occurred until 1983 or 1984. After this time, 

liquid wastes were reportedly evaporated, drummed, and disposed of as hazardous waste along 

with incinerator ash, residual liquids, and sludge. Surface runoff was collected and recycled in a 

drum wash.

The plant received Interim Status under Subtitle C of RCRA concurrently with the company’s 

filing of Part A of the permit application. This site was removed as a treatment, storage, or 

disposal facility because it was deemed not to engage in hazardous waste activities. The facility 

never properly managed the residuals from its drum-refitting operation. Ultimately, it stored 

residuals in drums that it was unable to refit; before that, it had been known to store residuals in 

pits and merely drain them down the gutter. Thus, over the course of its life, there were many 

potential paths along which the Lorentz contamination could be pinned. The facility was shut 

down in Feb 1986 and in July 1987 the owner was sentenced to 2 years in jail and fined $2.04 

million.

Description of Contamination: Monitored wells are contaminated with trichloroethane, 

trichloroethylene, 1-1 dichloroethylene, and tetracholoroethylene (PCE) due to the overflowing 

of sumps and spills. The California Department of Health Services (CDHS) discovered more 

than 300 drums contaminated by phenols, methylene chloride, and PCBs stored on the property. 

In 1988, CDHS and the USEPA capped the site and removed 26,000 drums and 3,000 cubic 

yards of contaminated soil. Also, the site was fenced, and most of the site area was paved. In 

1994, USEPA removed 1033 tons of industrial wastes, 15 tons of HW liquids, and 1200 

containers including 150 drums of solvents, 23 drums of ash, and over a ton of asbestos. 
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Groundwater cleanup remedies were selected in 1988 that included building an on-site 

groundwater extraction and a treatment system which uses an ozone/ultraviolet process for 

organic removal with discharge of treated water to a local creek. In early 1991, a group of 

potentially responsible parties completed optimization studies. In late 1992, construction of the 

system was completed, and full-scale operation and maintenance project began. Groundwater 

treatment is expected to continue for 30 years.

In 1993, the USEPA completed an investigation to determine the extent and type of 

contamination at the site. Based on the results from this investigation, the USEPA selected a 

remedy that includes a soil vapor extraction system to clean contaminated soil and an asphaltconcrete cap to contain soil contaminated with heavy metals. The estimated cost of this cleanup 

was $1,970,000. In 1996, the remaining underground conduits and contaminated sumps were 

removed and the contaminated soil and building debris was disposed off site. By 1998 all 

remedial action construction for the site was complete. 

Sources of Information:

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” 

Site Cleanup – Site Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.)

17 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=43300026

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” 26 August 1993. 17 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0993094.pdf

USEPA. “Five-Year Review: Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” 27 September 2000. 

17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f00-09008.pdf

USEPA. “Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” CERCLIS. 7 December 2005. 24 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0901287

USEPA. “Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002641954

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” 4 October 1989. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0901287.pdf
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USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.” 17 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplfs/fs0901287.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Shiann-Jang Chern (RPM)

Jere Johnson (SAM) (415) 972-3094

Chris Weden (OSC) (415) 972-3041
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Site Information

Site Name: Lubrx Products, Inc

EPA ID No.: MAD985278654

Address: 342 East Washington Street, North Attleboro, MA 02761

County: Bristol

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0102150

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Between 1975 and 1994, Lubrx 

Products Inc., owned the 0.72-acre site and manufactured and recycled lubricating oils. The 

property is currently occupied by a canvas products manufacturing company, a brick recycling 

business, and an automobile repair business. The site has been occupied by companies with a 

history of blending and containerizing oil for distribution since 1914; a tank farm was once 

located on-site and a number of aboveground storage tanks with unknown contents are currently 

at the location. 

Description of Contamination: At the time of facility closure, known hazardous waste sources 

included, tanks and totes of varying volumes containing virgin and waste oil, an abandoned 

gasoline underground storage tank, the former tank farm location, and a debris pile containing 

used tires, automobile parts, wood debris, and empty plastic oil containers.

Analytical results of surface soil and waste oil samples collected from the property in October 

1996 indicated the presence of three volatile organic compounds (VOCs), eight semivolatile 

organic compounds (SVOCs), three pesticides, and eight metals, including elevated levels of 

chromium and lead. Groundwater samples collected in 1989 also indicated the presence of 

several chlorinated VOCs, including vinyl chloride. Based on the direction of groundwater flow 

and the proximity of nearby groundwater drinking water supplies to the property, potential 

impacts to groundwater drinking water sources are unknown. 

Finally, sediment samples collected in October 1996 from along the Tenmile River indicated the 

presence of 13 SVOCs, four pesticides, and 11 inorganic elements, including chromium, lead, 

and mercury. Several of the substances detected in the sediment samples were also detected in 

on-site surface soil and waste oil samples. 

The Lubrx property is classified by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection 

(MADEP) as a Tier 2 site and is currently in Phase II (Comprehensive Site Assessment) of the 
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five phase Massachusetts Contingency Plan. The MADEP has recommended that this site be 

assigned state lead status.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 1. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England: Lubrx Products, Inc.” (n.d.). 17 

November 2005. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/a3a8d7c5e251dafd85256b4200604fd1?OpenDo

cument

USEPA. “Sanborn Inc dba Lubrx,” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110003420940

USEPA. “Lubrx Products Inc.,” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclis_web.report?pgm_sys_id=MAD985278654

Additional Contacts:

Nancy Smith (SAM) (617) 918-1436 smith.nancya@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Lyon Property

EPA ID No.: TX0001861731

Address: London, TX

County: Kimble

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This property covers 6 acres in an area 

adjacent to the Llano River. A small wire burning operation was conducted at the site for metal 

recovery. The burn site encompassed an area of 75 feet by 60 feet. TNRCC first investigated the 

site in 1996 after receiving a complaint about burning.

Description of Contamination: The soil at the site was contaminated with barium, cadmium, 

chromium, lead, and TPH. Clean up at the site was completed August 31, 2004. The cost of 

remediation was $60,717.33.

Sources of Information: 

Dye, Carol (Project Contact) (512) 239-1504, Interview 7 December 2005. 

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Lyon Property.” 26 March 2004. 20 January 

2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/lyonproperty.html.

Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission. “Lyon Property Proposed State Superfund 

Site Kimble County, Texas: Community Relations Plan.” September 2002. 20 January 

2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/remediation/superfund/

register/pdf0211.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Carol Dye, Project Contact, (512) 239-1504 or (800) 633-9363
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Site Information

Site Name: Malone Services Company - Swan Lake Plant

EPA ID No.: TXD980864789

Address: Loop 197, South Texas City, TX 77590

County: Galveston

NPL Site: Final: 6/14/2001

In CERCLIS Database: 0602922

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Malone Services Company (MSC) 

site covers approximately 150 acres. Approximately 100 acres in the northeastern portion of the 

site were developed for the storage, processing and disposal of industrial hazardous wastes. The 

facility operated from 1964 until 1996 or 1997. MSC was originally permitted as a waste oil 

reclamation facility, but later added hazardous waste underground injection/disposal wells. 

Wastes were received by the facility from a variety of industries. Wastes from the reclamation 

process were disposed of in the onsite deep injection wells. The original operation, which began 

in 1964, consisted of two earthen unlined pits which received incoming wastes. The larger pit, 

which served as a settling pond, was used for wastes with high solids and/or water content. The 

oil fraction would rise to the surface of the large pit where it was skimmed off and pumped to a 

smaller oil pit. Oils in the oil pit were then pumped to one of several tanks for treatment. The oil 

was then resold as waste oil for energy recovery. American Petroleum Institute (API) separators 

were installed in 1979 and 1987 to replace the settling pond and oil pit; however the pond and pit 

were never cleaned/removed, hazardous liquid wastes and solids still remain in the open large pit 

and closed small oil pit. Oils separated in the two API units were pumped to holding/treatment 

tanks; waste water was pumped to the injection wells for disposal and the solids were sent to an 

offsite hazardous waste landfill for disposal. The site had its operating permit revoked by Texas 

and has been in bankruptcy since July of 1988.

Description of Contamination: The two sources of contamination on the site are the settling 

basin surface impoundment/earthen impoundment and the oil pit. The wastewater settling pond, 

the waste collection pond and the stormwater pond were excavated through the shallow channel 

sand aquifer and into the underlying clay layer, and therefore, the wastewater ponds 

supply/supplied contaminants to the shallow ground water. Groundwater sampling results 

indicate that groundwater has been impacted by hazardous wastes in the area of the inactive 5-

acre impoundment and the 100 Unit Separator. The principal contaminants of concern at this site 

are the myriad of organic and inorganic chemical wastes in the form of liquids, sludges and 

solids present in the above ground storage tanks, the API separators, the settling pond, and the 

surface soils of some of the secondary containment areas on the site. Some hazardous substances 
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such as chlorinated solvents, phenols, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), chromium, and lead 

have contaminated the underlying groundwater, adjacent wetlands and the bay which is a 

National Estuary and a major fishery. The groundwater pathway appears to be the only ongoing 

active release of hazardous substances occurring at the site.

Sources of Information: 

Texas Department of Health under a Cooperative Agreement with the Agency for Toxic 

Substances and Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment: Malone Services Company 

– Swan Lake Plant.” 30 January 2002. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/malone/msc_toc.html.

USEPA. “Malone Service Company Fact Sheet.” 10 January 2006. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/0602922.pdf.

USEPA. “Malone Services Co –Swan Lake Plant Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data 

Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100093

13484.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Malone Service Company Inc.” 7 October 2004. 20 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1611.htm.

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Malone Service Co - Swan Lake Plant.” CERCLIS. 

27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0602922

Zehner, Warren. EPA On-scene coordinator. Pollution Report to Director, OERR. 25 September 

2001. 20 January 2006. 

http://yosemite1.epa.gov/r6/polreps.nsf/0/6f449ba1bbed17be86256c7800603cb9?OpenD

ocument,

Additional Contacts: 

Charles David Abshire, Remedial Project Manager (214) 665-7188 

Alan Etheredge (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) Project Manager Superfund 

Cleanup Section (512) 239-2139

Donn Walters (CIC) (214) 665-6483

Anne Foster (Site Attorney) (214) 665.2169

I-jung Chiang, (214) 665-2160
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Karen Bond (State Coordinator) (214) 665-6682

Arnold Ondarza (Region 6 Public Liaison) (800) 533-3508 or 303-312-6777

Warren Zehner, (On-scene Coordinator) 281-983-2229
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Site Information

Site Name: Many Diversified Interests*

EPA ID No.: TXD008083404

Address: 3617 Baer Street, Houston, TX 77020

County: Harris

NPL Site: Final: 1/19/1999

In CERCLIS Database: 0605008

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Steel casting operations began at the 

36-acre site in 1926 under the company name Texas Electric Steel Casting Company (TESCO). 

Primary operations included manufacturing specialty molds and casting specialty steel parts. 

During the 1980s, the southern portion of the site was leased to Can-Am Resources Group (CanAm) to operate a spent catalyst recycling operation. Can-Am reportedly purchased 4,236 drums 

of spent catalyst material from refineries and chemical plants, and stored the drums on the leased 

portion of the site. By 1988, the catalyst recycling operations ceased, and the stored drums were 

abandoned on site. In February 1991, TESCO ceased operations. Many Diversified Interests 

(MDI) foreclosed on the site and later reopened as the San Jacinto Foundry (SJF), a subsidiary of 

MDI. MDI filed Chapter 7 bankruptcy on May 20, 1992, and SJF ceased facility operations on 

approximately June 1, 1992. The on-site facilities were demolished as a salvage operation under 

order of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court between March 1995 and January 1996. USEPA is currently 

performing a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study (RI/FS) at the Site.

Description of Contamination: Poor housekeeping practices and site abandonment led to 

environmental damage. In the north and south drum storage areas, 5,355 drums, reportedly 

containing spent catalyst from chemical companies and refineries, were found to be deteriorating 

and leaking. In 1994, soil samples taken revealed elevated concentrations of arsenic, chromium, 

cobalt, copper, lead, and nickel in the drum storage areas. (Other damage not related to recycling 

included elevated concentrations of arsenic, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, and nickel in the 

landfill located in the southern portion of the site, which reportedly received inorganic slag and 

foundry sand; approximately 41 acres of contaminated soil located within the MDI property 

boundary; and contaminated soil at 64 nearby residences.)

In 1998 and 1999, the PRPs performed an extensive drum removal action under EPA oversight. 

The action included removal of more than 4,000 drums containing spent refinery and 

petrochemical catalysts from the Can-Am operation and visibly contaminated soils. Following 

removal, EPA undertook remediation activities. According to the Record of Decision (ROD) for 

the site, remediation of the site was estimated to cost EPA more than $6.6 million, which 
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includes costs for remediation of contaminated on-site soils and ground-water due to recycling 

and landfilling activities. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Many Diversified Interests Inc Fact Sheet.” 13 January 2006. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/0605008.pdf

USEPA. “Many Diversified Interests.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. n.d. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=06FE.

USEPA. “Many Diversified Interests Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 

(n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100050

37361

USEPA. “Record of Decision: Many Diversified Interests, Inc.” 30 July 2004. 25 February 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0604098.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Many Diversified Interests Inc.” CERCLIS. 11 

September 2006. 23 October 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605008
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Site Information

Site Name: Maralco

EPA ID No.: WAD053825352

Address: 7730 S. 202nd, Kent, WA 98032

County: King

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Maralco operated an aluminum 

recycling/refinery business at the site from 1980 - 1986. The site filed for bankruptcy in 1983 

and has not been cleaned up since. Aluminum alloy ingots from aluminum cans and other 

aluminum metal scrap were produced at the site. The aluminum scrap was melted and processed 

in rotary barrel and reverberatory furnaces. The rotary barrel furnace was charged with salt to act 

as a flux to remove impurities and prevent oxidation of the aluminum. The salt and impurities 

separated from the aluminum, resulting in a waste black dross that was stored in a waste pile onsite. There are presently about 20,000 cubic yards in the pile. Wastes produced included black 

dross, furnace slag, and baghouse dust, most of which were stored on-site. Although the 

technology used for recycling was considered old even at the time they started business, it was 

considered a legitimate recycling process.

The dross designates as hazardous waste in Washington as state-only hazardous waste due to the 

salts, which are toxic to rats, and some of the dross has copper which is toxic to fish. The waste 

pile has yet to be fully characterized and portions of the pile may need to be disposed as 

hazardous waste. A developer is currently sampling the site to characterize the waste and, 

depending on the results, may conduct the cleanup in order to purchase the property.

Description of Contamination: Groundwater, surface water, sediment, and soil all have 

confirmed priority pollutant metal contamination. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 10. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste).

20 November 2005. 

MK-Environmental Services. “Phase 1 Remedial Investigation Report.” February 1991.

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Systems 315401 Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse.
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(n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100053

22310

Washington Department of Ecology. “Facility/Site Detail.” (n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://apps.ecy.wa.gov/fs/detail.asp?FS_ID=2067

Additional Contacts: 

Norm Peck, Toxics Cleanup Program, Washington Department of Ecology, (425) 649-7047
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Marine Shale Processors

EPA ID No.: LAD981057706

Address: Route 5, Box 756, Amelia, LA 70340

County: St. Mary

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0604037

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Marine Shale, located in Morgan City, 

was permitted by the state of Louisiana in 1985 to process non-hazardous oilfield wastes. The 

company then began to burn hundreds of different hazardous wastes, and attempted to sell the 

metal-laden residue as fill material to the public for $1 a ton. In 1990, the federal government 

and Louisiana sued Marine Shale over whether the company could distribute its combustion 

residue as a recycled product. The federal and state governments alleged that Marine Shale's 

recycling claim was a sham, and that the facility had no permit to treat hazardous waste. They 

also alleged Marine Shale violated federal clean air and clean water laws as well as hazardous 

waste regulations. After a string of rulings by the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals upholding 

the federal government's arguments, the Environmental Protection Agency shut down Marine 

Shale's Morgan City incinerator.

The Marine Shale Processing, Inc. (MSP) processes solid and hazardous wastes to produce 

aggregate for sale. The aggregate has been used in construction as a road cover and as a fill 

material. On-site buildings on site house administrative, maintenance, laboratory, and process 

control functions. Other portions of the facility are used for waste material handling, storage, and 

preparation for feeding to the process kiln. Process aggregate is also stored on site. MSP has 

operated at its current location since 1985. MSP burns solid and hazardous materials and 

pumpable high BTU (high heat value) liquids to produce a residue. That residue can be sold as 

is, if certain criteria are met, or it can be further processed at high temperatures to produce a 

slagged (molten) aggregate. Solid and hazardous materials fed to the process kiln are weighed 

and screened before being emptied and mixed in the holding feed tanks. About 10 percent of 

incoming feed materials are sampled to verify their shipping manifests. Incoming shipments are 

screened for gamma radiation. Shipping containers are shredded and also processed in the kiln. 

All process residue and slagged aggregate is chemically analyzed by the Toxicity Characteristic 

Leaching Procedure (TCLP) procedure before being released for sale. If the residue or slagged 

aggregate exceeds 80 percent of the USEPA TCLP standards, it is reprocessed in the slagging 

furnace. Fly ash, captured by the plant's air pollution control devices, is also processed with 

aggregate in the slagging furnace. 
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The primary combustion chamber used in the process is a 275-foot-long rotary kiln furnace 

operated at a minimum of 1,600o F. According to MSP, the flue gas remains in the chamber for 9 

seconds. Combustion products from the rotary kiln are further reacted in two "oxidizer sections" 

or afterburners. The slagging furnace is located between the oxidizers and is operated at 2300o F 

to 2700o F. The flue gas residence time of the oxidizers is about 10 to 12 seconds. From the 

oxidizers, the hot exhaust gases pass through a wet quench system to cool them before gas 

cleaning. After cooling, dry powdered hydrated lime is sprayed into the gas stream to neutralize 

acid gases produced during the combustion process. Finally, the exhaust gases are passed 

through fabric filters (baghouses) before release to the environment. MSP reports the combustion 

system has a number of safeguards intended to minimize the severity and duration of process 

breakdown conditions. Those conditions could disturb the balance of combustion reactions and 

ultimately lead to excessive air emissions from the process stack. Automatic waste feed shutoff 

(AWFSO) devices are used in conjunction with the monitoring of critical operating temperatures, 

pressures, and exhaust gas quality. If such operating conditions exceed or fall below acceptable 

limits, waste feed to the kiln is automatically stopped by the AWFSO/feed interlock. A related 

safeguard is the continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS). Monitored parameters 

include hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur dioxide, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and argon; there are 

also provisions for monitoring carbon monoxide and total hydrocarbons.

A RCRA permit was issued to GTX in February 1999. 

Description of Contamination: On September 12, 1997 Marine Shale Processors agreed to pay 

more than $10 million to settle federal and state allegations it incinerated hazardous waste 

without a permit and planned to sell the contaminated ash as fill material to the public. A second 

company, GTX Inc., is spending $25 million to buy and upgrade the incinerator, and clean up the 

contaminated ash that remains in Morgan City, near the central coast of Louisiana. As part of the 

agreement, GTX Inc., will purchase Marine Shale's incinerator and clean up about 350,000 tons 

of contaminated ash remaining in Morgan City, at an estimated cost of $15 million. GTX will be 

allowed to reopen the facility as long as it obtains all of the environmental permits required to 

operate a hazardous waste incinerator. GTX also will invest $10 million to upgrade the plant's 

pollution control equipment, which will result in cleaner air and water in the area. Once GTX 

reopens the incinerator, it will bring all of the combustion ash it produces to a new state-of-theart disposal facility. The settlement barred the former owners of Marine Shale, who are part 

owners of GTX, from controlling the new company or having any control over operation of the 

incinerator. Marine Shale's former top managers also are prohibited from participating in any 

environmental compliance or permitting matters.
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Sources of Information: 

US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. "Petitioned Public Health 

Assessment, Marine Shale Processors, Inc. Amelia, St. Mary Parish, Louisiana." 

17 October 1994. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/marinesp/msp_toc.html

US Department of Justice. "US, Louisiana secure $35 million settlement with two companies to 

clean up hazardous waste and reopen incinerator." 12 September 1997. 20 January 

2006. http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/1997/September97/379enr.html

USEPA. “GTX, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000700563

USEPA. “GTX Inc.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. "Marine Shale Processors." CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0604037

Additional Contacts:

Philip Ofosu (SAM) (214) 665-3178

Jon Rinehart (SAM) (214) 665-6789

Susan Webster (OSC) (214) 665-6784
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Martin Aaron, Inc.

EPA ID No.: NJD014623854

Address: 1542 South Broadway, Camden, NJ 08104

County: Camden

NPL Site: Final 8/23/1999

In CERCLIS Database: 0200278

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Martin Aaron, Inc. site has been 

used by a variety of companies for more than 100 years. Kifferty Morocco Manufacturing Co. 

operated a tannery at the site from 1887 until 1908. The site was bought by Castle Kid Co. and 

manufactured glazed leathers until it was seized for tax delinquency in 1940. The site was then 

bought by Benjamin Schmerling and leased to H. Preston Lowden Co. for wool and hair 

blending and to American Chain and Cable Co. for manufacturing. Martin Aaron purchased the 

property in 1968, and operated a drum reconditioning facility onsite until 1987. Martin Aaron 

purchased solvent-contaminated drums, reconditioned the drums, and then resold the clean 

drums. Rhodes Drum and Westfall Ace (WADCO) bought the business in 1985, while Martin 

Aaron maintained ownership of the property, and ran similar drum reconditioning businesses that 

operated separately onsite. WADCO ran its drum reconditioning operation from 1985 through 

1994 when it was liquidated in bankruptcy proceeding; Rhodes Drum ran its operation from 

1985 through 1998. All three companies were RCRA-permitted facilities. 

During these various reconditioning operations “empty” drums were turned upside down and 

allowed to drain into tanks, after which the drums were pressure washed, steam-rinsed and dried, 

sand-blasted, inspected for integrity, and repainted. The residues from drum contents, rinsate, 

and steam blow-down were drained from tanks and floor drains into skimming basins. Sludge 

was skimmed from the basins for off-site disposal, and the acidic water was neutralized and 

reused in the plant. The process also generated baghouse dust (from sand-blasting) and spray 

paint wastes.

USEPA announced on October 24, 2005 that it plans to clean up contamination in the soil and 

ground water at this site. Under the plan, USEPA will excavate contaminated soil, treat it if 

necessary, and dispose of the excavated soil off of the site. Some of the site will be covered with 

a cap, and future uses of the site will be restricted to ensure that the capped area is not disturbed. 

Ground water will be pumped to the surface, cleaned up and then discharged into the sewer 

system.
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In July 2005, USEPA developed a proposed plan for the Martin Aaron Site. They developed 

several remedial alternatives for soil and groundwater at the site as seen below. The costs for 

each alternative are below. 

As of September 30, 2004, cleanup expenditure at this site was $2,127,078.29. 

Description of Contamination: From 1981 through 1995, NJDEP and USEPA cited operators 

for numerous violations, including unpermitted discharges, non-notification of spills and 

releases, and improper handling, storage, and disposal of drums. Site operators used the outdoor 

paved and unpaved areas of the property for drum storage. Holes were dug throughout the 

property for the disposal of wastes. Between 200 and 1,000 containers of waste were buried 

onsite. According to NJDEP, chemical wastes were illegally disposed of as late as March 1999. 

In 1997, NJDEP initiated a remedial investigation (RI) , using state funds, for both soil and 

groundwater to determine the nature and extent of contamination at the site. The NJDEP RI soil 

results showed that both surface and subsurface soil contamination including chlorinated and 

aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-VOCs consisting mainly of poly-aromatic 

hydrocarbons, metals, pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were widespread 

throughout the Martin Aaron property. The RI found groundwater contamination in both shallow 

and some of the deeper monitoring wells installed on the property. In 1999, NJDEP requested 

that USEPA take the lead in completing studies of the contamination on the site. USEPA’s 

findings revealed that soil contaminated with VOCs and arsenic is contaminating ground water. 

The onsite and offsite damage is extensive, resulting from improper handling of solventcontaminated drums, improperly designed drum drainage systems, leaking and dumping of 

solvents into soil, groundwater, and wastewater streams, and illegal burial of contaminated 

drums onsite.

Sources of Information

Austin, Mark (RPM) (212) 637-3954, Interview 20 June 2005.

EPA Region 2- News. “EPA to clean up superfund site in Camden county.” 24 October 2005. 18 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2005/05120.htm

EPA Region 2. “Superfund Program Proposed Plan for Martin Aaron Superfund Site.” July 

2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/martin_aaron_proposal2005.pdf
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USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). September 30, 2004. 18 January 

2006.

USEPA. “Martin Aaron Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0200278

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Martin Aaron.” (n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0200278c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Martin Aaron, Inc.” 22 July 1999. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1559.htm

USEPA. “Superfund Redevelopment Program: Martin Aaron.” July 2000. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/programs/recycle/pilot/facts/r2_12.htm
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Site Information

Site Name: Master Metals Inc.

EPA ID No.: ODH097613871

Address: 2850 West 3rd St., Cleveland, OH 44113

County: Cuyahoga

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0504506

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Master Metals was a secondary and 

refining smelting facility of nonferrous metals, which accepted lead dross, lead acid batteries, 

scrap and baghouse dust. NL Lead Industries Inc. operated the facility from 1933 until 1979. 

Master Metals Inc. bought the facility and continued operations until 1993 when Ohio EPA shut 

the facility down after a long history of air quality and other violations. The site did not have a 

RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination is due to storing wastes in piles on the ground. 

Lead contamination was found in their soil as well as in a residential neighborhood where the 

residences had contracted with Master Metals for fill dirt. This contamination occurred in the 

early 1990s. As of September 2004, cleanup expenditures at this site amounted to $309,300.98. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

20 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Final Cleanup Begins at Master Metals Site.” EPA Region 5. 24 March 2003. 22 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region5/news/news03/03opa043.htm

USEPA. “Master Metals Incorporation.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 22 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0504506

USEPA. “Master Metals Inc.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Bri Bill (CIC): (312) 353-6646

Robert Buckley (OSC): (734) 692-7662

Rosanne Ellison (OSC): (734) 692-7689

Gwenn Massenburg (RPM): (312) 886-0983 
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Site Information:

Site Name: Matteo Iron and Metal

EPA ID No.: NJD991304072

Address: 1708 Route 130, Thorofare, NJ 08086

County: Gloucester

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0204061

Description of Recycling Operation: A scrap metal recycling facility currently operates at the 

northeast portion of this site. Prior to its purchase by Matteo & Sons, the property was a farm. 

NJDEP has conducted numerous inspections of the site dating back to the early 1970s. During 

these inspections it was noted that portions of the property had been used to landfill domestic and

industrial waste. In addition, it has been reported that at one time the current operator recycled 

vehicle batteries and landfilled the battery casings near Hessian Run. Reviews of historical aerial 

photographs have confirmed that significant disturbances occurred at this area during the past. 

Funding sources for the site include the 1986 Bond Fund ($87,000) and the Corporate Business 

Tax ($1,102,000). 

Description of Contamination: A site inspection conducted by NJDEP in1991 revealed 

partially crushed 55-gallon drums containing various materials that appeared to be waste 

petroleum product. Preliminary sampling has confirmed that the soil and ground water at the site 

and the sediments in Hessian Run are contaminated with organic compounds and lead. 

Contaminates in the soil included petroleum hydrocarbons, lead, arsenic, and PCBs.

Sources of Information:

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “NJ Publicly Funded Cleanups Site Status 

Report 2003: Matteo Iron & Metal.” 2003. 15 January 2006. 

http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/publications/site_status/2003/pdf/gloucester.pdf

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “Site Remediation and Waste 

Management: Matteo Iron & Metal.” 5 October 2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/community/sites/pi/026178.htm

USEPA. “Matteo & Sons, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0204061
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Site Information:

Site Name: McBay Oil and Gas

EPA ID No.: None

Address: Farm Road 1272, Grapeland, TX

County: Houston

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Description of Recycling Operation: From 1941 to 1959, the McBay Oil and Gas site was the 

location of an oil refinery. It then became a waste oil reclamation plant until all operations 

ceased in 1987. At that time, site facilities included approximately 30 above-ground tanks, six 

earthen disposal pits, three concrete pits, and one saltwater injection well. More than 30 drums 

were scattered across the site. In January 1987, the site was listed on the Texas Superfund 

Registry.

On May 9, 2003, the Texas Attorney General published a legal notice in the Texas Register, (28 

TexReg 3857) proposing resolution of an environmental lawsuit against a potentially responsible 

party in accordance with §7.110 of the Texas Health and Safety Code, and inviting public written 

comment on the determination that the potentially responsible party has satisfied the terms and 

condition of the administrative order as to his divisible share of the waste, and providing for a 

release from the administrative order. 

Description of Contamination: Contaminants from the drums onsite included arsenic, barium, 

benzene, chromium, ethylbenzene, hydrocarbons, lead, naphthalene, and xylene. Soil on the site 

was contaminated, and a remedial investigation found groundwater contamination. Cleanup is 

still underway. 

Sources of Information:

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “McBay Oil and Gas.” 15 October 2004. 21 

January 2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/mcbay.html.

Additional Contacts:

Alan Etheredge (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2139, 

aethered@tceq.state.tx.us
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Site Information

Site Name: Melton Kelly Property

EPA ID No.: TX0000852111

Address: NE County Road 3250 S. of FM 85, Ennis, TX

County: Navarro

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0605204

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Melton Kelly Property is 13 acres 

of privately owned property. The property was used by the owner (now deceased) to conduct 

metal salvaging operations. On or before February 1, 1994, salvage materials (insulated copper 

wire, tubing, electrical parts, switches, and circuit cards, etc.) were transported to the site, placed 

in piles, and burned using automobile tires to ignite the debris. Recoverable metals were 

removed from the ash piles and presumably sold for salvage value. Remaining scrap and ash-like 

wastes were left in place. The site consists of three burn areas containing eight ash piles. The 

total burn area is almost an acre in size. In 2001, the site was listed on Texas’ Superfund registry 

and the site was deleted in February 2004 after cleanup of the site was deemed complete.

Description of Contamination: The soil and groundwater at the site were polluted with 

cadmium, copper, chromium, inorganics, semi-volatiles, and pesticides. 

Sources of Information: 

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “McBay Oil and Gas.” 26 March 2005. 21 

January 2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/melkelly.html.

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Notice of Final Deletion of Melton Kelly 

Property from the Texas Superfund Registry as published in the Texas Register (29 

TexReg 1439-1440).” 13 February 2004. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/remediation/superfund/register/pdf0261.pdf.

USEPA. “Melton E Kelly Deceased Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

21 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100172

79452.

USEPA. “Melton Kelly Property Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 21 

January 2006. 
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http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100093

12715.

USEPA. “Site Information: Melton Kelly Property.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 

2006. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605204.

Additional Contacts:

Barry Lands (Project Contact) (512) 239-6547 or (800) 633-9363, blands@tceg.state.tx.us
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Site Information

Site Name: Mercury Refining, Inc.

EPA ID No.: NYD048148175

Address: Railroad Ave., Colonie, NY 12205

County: Albany

NPL Site: Final: 9/8/1983

In CERCLIS Database: 0201552

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Mercury Refining, Inc. reclaimed 

mercury from batteries, thermometers, electrical switches and other mercury-bearing materials 

from 1955 to 1998 when the operations were sold to Mercury Waste Solutions who currently 

operates on the site. Operations beginning in 1955 included (1) receiving hazardous waste from 

off-site; (2) storing this waste on-site; (3) reclaiming silver and other precious metals; and (4) 

reclaiming metallic mercury from off-specification metallic mercury, mercury batteries and other 

mercury-bearing wastes. The mercury was reclaimed using retort (condensation) furnaces at the 

facility. This facility was a commercial hazardous waste facility because hazardous waste was 

received from off-site for on-site storage. The 0.5-acre property was a “dumping area” covered 

with thousands of battery casings at depths of at least 3 feet. Mercury Refining had a RCRA 

permit to store mercury, and also had a Corrective Action permit. It received its RCRA B permit 

on December 31, 1996; however, it expired on December 31, 2001. Currently, the site serves as a 

facility for the recovery of precious metals. This reclamation process is exempt from RCRA 

regulation. 

As of September 30, 2004, clean up costs amounted to $2,615,392.88. 

Description of Contamination: Site operators dumped waste batteries behind an on-site 

building until 1980. After 1980, these wastes were stored in drums or on wooden pallets on 

pavement. USEPA required the operators to add a container storage facility rather than dumping 

waste. Groundwater, sediments, and soils on-site are contaminated with heavy metals not limited 

to mercury, zinc, and lead; PCB contamination also exists. 

A majority of the contamination at the site is due to two fires which occurred on September 14, 

1989 and April 10, 1999. These fires caused mercury to mobilize into the environment causing 

runoff into a nearby tributary of the Hudson River. Additionally, atmospheric deposition of 

mercury is an issue in the buildings on-site. The company failed to comply with NYSDEC orders 

and corrective action permits leading to USEPA intervention in 1999. USEPA cannot excavate to 

remove all the mercury because of a railroad track that runs near the site. Studies are being 
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performed by Mississippi State University to explore the use of electo-kinetics to assist in site 

cleanup. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2- Superfund. “Mercury Refining Company, Inc.” February 2004. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/waste/fsmereco.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 19 January 

2006.

USEPA. “Mercury Refining.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0201552

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Mercury Refining, Inc.” (n.d.) 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0201552c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Mercury Refining, Inc.” 8 September 1983. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0201552.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Tom Taccone (RPM) (212) 637-4281
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Site Information

Site Name: Metals Recycling, LLC

EPA ID No.:

Address: 89 Celia Street, Johnston RI 02919 

County: Providence

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Metals Recycling LLC is an 18-acre 

site which purchases and recycles old cars, appliances and scrap metal. When vehicles arrive on 

site, they are dismantled and shredded, leaving behind one of three types of by-products: iron, 

non-iron metals and auto shredder residue (ASR). From the late 1980s to January 1999, ASR 

was used as a daily cover at the Central Landfill until a joint state and federal investigation 

resulted in a cessation of shipments to the Central Landfill. 

Description of Contamination: In 1999, USEPA testing revealed that auto shredder residue was 

improperly storing lead which had caused contamination. The auto shredder residue also 

contained PCBs in excess of 50 parts per million. In November 2001, Metals Recycling LLC 

entered into 2 administrative consent orders with USEPA for violations of RCRA. The company 

agreed to pay $200,000 in penalties and reduce lead contamination in piles of improperly stored, 

nonmetallic hazardous waste at its 18-acre site. Metals Recycling violated regulations regarding 

operation, storage, transportation and disposal of hazardous waste and in December 2003, Metals 

Recycling was ordered to pay $250,000 into the state’s environmental response fund. 

Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management also issued three air pollution 

violations in 2000 and 2001 for objectionable odors resulting from their process water holding 

basin going septic and causing hydrogen sulfide odors throughout the neighborhood. Metals 

eventually modified their process to prevent large amounts of process water with organics (ASR 

residues) going into the pond. Metals paid DEM $32,500 in penalties on these cases.

Metal Recycling was also forced to pay a $25,000 penalty and perform clean ups which 

amounted to $500,000 for water violations stemming from processing and storing auto shredder 

residue on their process which was the result of contamination that was initially discovered in 

1993. 
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Sources of Information: 

Daily Environment Report No. 220. “Rhode Island Recycler to Pay $200,000 Fine.” BNA, Inc. 

16 November 2001. 23 January 2006. 

http://pubs.bna.com/NWSSTND/IP/BNA/den.nsf/SearchAllView/C6E1709CF80A976D8

5256B06001098A9?Open&highlight=RECYCLER

Mastrati, Gail (Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management – RI DEM) 

gail.mastrati@DEM.RI.GOV, Email 18 January 2006.

USEPA. “Metals Recycling, LLC.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002370470

Additional Contacts:

Mark Merchant (Office of the Regional Administrator, EPA New England) (617) 918-11013

Gail Mastrati (RI DEM) 222-4700 ext. 2402

Stephanie Powell (RI DEM) 222-4700 ext. 4418
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Site Name: Metro Container Corporation

EPA ID No.: PAD044545895

Address: 2nd & Price Street, Trainer, PA, 19061

County: Delaware

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: PAD044545895

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Metro Container Corporation 

(Metro Container) site is a 10.4 acre property located approximately 20 miles south of 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in a mixed industrial/commercial/residential area along the Delaware 

River. 

The site has a long industrial history. At the close of the 19th century, the site was occupied by 

the Delaware Oil Works. From 1920 until 1959, the Stauffer Chemical Company, Inc. (Stauffer) 

operated a chemical manufacturing plant on the property. Historical site maps and aerial 

photographs indicate that Stauffer constructed a waste disposal lagoon in the 1950s in the 

southwest corner of the site, adjacent to Stoney Creek. In April 1963, the property was purchased 

by the Joseph A. Reis Company and converted into a steel drum reconditioning facility. The 

Joseph A. Reis Company filed for bankruptcy sometime prior to January 1969, when the 

Universal Container Corporation (Universal Container) took ownership of the property from a 

bankruptcy trustee. After several changes in ownership, in 1983, the property was sold to the 

Metro Container Corporation. This company was the last in the series of owners who conducted 

drum reconditioning operations at the site. Drum reconditioning ended in December 1987 when 

Metro Container filed for bankruptcy. The site is currently owned by Trainer Industries, an 

industrial painting company. The site is used mainly for storage as most of the painting takes 

place offsite. No industrial activities are currently conducted at the site.

At the height of its industrial operations, Metro Container received approximately 450,000 to 

500,000 drums per year, many filled with hazardous materials, paints, solvents, petroleum 

products, and other substances. The drums would arrive at the facility and be stored in stacked 

rows on the western end of the facility just north of the converted drum reclaiming building. The 

drums would be moved into the building via a conveyor where they were emptied into two 

different types of product tanks/vessels and pre-flushed prior to caustic being applied to the 

exterior to strip off the paint. The outside of the drums were then rinsed before interior cleaning 

using caustic. Following the caustic cleaning, interior metal stripping was performed using 

hydrochloric acid followed by cold rinsing. After phosphatizing, siphoning, drying, de-denting, 

short blasting, and leak testing were performed, the drums were dried, repainted, baked, and 
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moved to the warehouse before shipment to customers. Storage tanks were distributed 

throughout the property to support treatment of the generated rinsate water and the recovering of 

product and sludges from the drums themselves, including storage of acid, alum, caustic, toluene, 

No. 5 fuel oil, waste oil, spent caustic, dissolved air floatation sludge, wastewater, chemicals, 

and paints.

The contents of the drums and the fluids generated in the drum cleaning process were reportedly 

treated to remove oil and grease, and then underwent pH adjustment and flocculation through the 

addition of aluminum sulfate and a polymer. The treated wastewater was decanted and reused as 

rinse water in the drum cleaning operations. During each day of operation, about 10% of the 

reused rinse water was removed and replaced by fresh water to control the build-up of chlorides. 

This removed wastewater was reportedly discharged to the Delaware County Regional Water 

Quality Control Authority (DELCORA) sewer system after additional treatment and pH 

adjustment. Sludge from the wastewater operation was thickened with lime and transported offsite to the Sumptor Landfill in Sumptor, Michigan, although site investigations have shown that 

sludge was also buried on site.

The site is composed of two sources and releases of hazardous substances to surface water. The 

sources include the former waste disposal lagoon (Source 1), and contaminated soil (Source 2) in 

the facility area. These sources contain hazardous substances, including polyaeromatic 

hydrocarbons (PAHs), cadmium, mercury, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). 

Contamination, as a result of releases of hazardous substances via overland flow migration and 

direct deposition, has been documented in sediment within Stoney Creek and the Delaware 

River. This contamination threatens the Delaware River human food chain fishery and sensitive 

environments.

In July 1991, the owner/operators of Metro Container plead guilty in Federal court to charges of 

violating Federal environmental statutes and with conspiracy to violate the statues during Metro 

Container’s ownership of the facility. Violations included dumping of hazardous waste and 

discharge of contaminated water into Stoney Creek, storing hazardous waste illegally, disposing 

of hazardous waste on the property illegally, particularly burying the waste outside, dumping it 

inside the former drum reconditioning building and covering it with concrete to conceal the 

waste; and walling-up a room where hundreds of drums containing hazardous chemicals were 

stored. In addition to discharging polluted water into Stoney Creek, violations included 

discharging wastewater into the sewers of DELCORA that exceeded pollution effluent limits 

specified in the facility permit, and for sabotaging DELCORA’s effluent monitoring devices so 

that Metro Container could pump untreated wastewater into the DELCORA system without 
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detection. After DELCORA shut off the facility’s access to the sewer system (which occurred in 

December 1987), Metro Container operators dumped waste directly into Stoney Creek.

Description of Contamination: The main source of contamination remaining on the property is 

a backfilled industrial waste lagoon which is about 0.5 acres in size. This lagoon was used for 

disposal of drum contents and wastewater until a wastewater treatment system was constructed 

on site. The unlined lagoon was eventually filled in with soil and artificial fill materials and is no 

longer accessible. Additionally, site soils are contaminated. This contamination has been traced 

to the tidal flats adjacent to the Delaware River. Although PCBs are the main contaminants of 

concern, the site is also contaminated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PAHs, and 

inorganics.

The tidal flats along the Delaware River are contaminated, and fishing occurs in this area. There 

is a fishing advisory along the Delaware from Trenton, New Jersey to the C&D Canal in 

Delaware for the consumption of finfish due to PCBs, dioxin, mercury, and chlorinated 

pesticides associated with releases at the site.

In December 1987, a site inspection and sampling were performed by EPA Emergency Response 

and Technical Assistance Team personnel to determine if an immediate threat existed at the site. 

The following observations were made during the inspection: (1) approximately 60,000 

preconditioned drums were on site; (2) shutdown of the facility’s wastewater treatment system 

resulted in the build-up of untreated sludge, which was stored in the concrete holding tank and 

thousands of unsecured drums throughout the facility; and (3) the property was unfenced and 

drums containing sludge were in extremely poor condition, many of which were leaking. Results 

from sampling showed a variety of contaminants in the sludge, including benzene, toluene, 

several chlorinated hydrocarbons, phenols, and lead; however, none of the characteristics 

exhibited an immediate threat to public health and so U.S. EPA determined that a Removal 

Action was not warranted at that time.

In February 1988, the U.S. Coast Guard, due to material migration from the Metro Container 

facility into the Delaware River, requested U.S. EPA Emergency Response to assess the potential 

threat of this migration. U.S. EPA initiated a Removal Action in September 1988 to secure and 

stabilize the site. Removal Action activities included installing a fence around the perimeter of 

the property to limit public contact with on-site materials. Also, a 300-foot long plywood 

retaining wall was constructed along Stoney Creek to serve as a barrier to material migration into 

Stoney Creek in the event of a catastrophic release of wastewater, oil, and sludge from the 

concrete holding tank or its secondary containment, both of which had overflowed and impacted 
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Stoney Creek on previous occasions. In addition, 136,700 gallons of oil-contaminated rain water 

from the concrete holding tank and its secondary containment was removed for off-site disposal. 

Between June 1989 and January 1990, under an U.S. EPA consent letter, a contractor (MK 

Environmental) disposed of approximately 6,000 tons of waste, including sludge, tanks, drums, 

and contaminated soil. The concrete holding tank was decommissioned and closed, which 

included removal of the liquids and sludge from the holding tank and secondary containment. 

The walls of the holding tank were power-washed, the upper one foot of soil within the 

secondary containment area was removed, and the area was backfilled. Visually impacted soils 

in the areas west and northwest of the drum reconditioning building were scrapped down to an 

approximate depth of 1 to 1.5 feet, resulting in approximately 6,500 cubic yards of soil being 

excavated. Additionally, the response action included the removal of approximately 58,000 

drums, removal of all accumulated sludge and decommissioning of the lagoon.

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Metro Container Corporation. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=PAD0

44545895&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=CERCLIS

2. USEPA. Hazardous Ranking System Documentation Record Metro Container. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/docrec/pdoc1852.pdf

3. USEPA. Mid-Atlantic Superfund Site Summary Metro Container Corporation. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/PAD044545895.htm

4. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Metro Container Corporation. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1852.htm
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Site Information

Site Name: Miami Battery 

EPA ID No.: FLD004119426

Address: 1110 NW South River Drive, Miami, FL 33178

County: Miami-Dade

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Miami Battery is a battery 

manufacturing operation including smelting. 

Description of Contamination: Lead contamination is the result of leaking batteries and filter, 

acid holding tanks, rinsing water from sludge collection tanks, and washdown water. The site is 

being cleaned up under a state consent order. 

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Miami Battery Manufacturing Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000872878

Contacts: 

Augusta Posner, FDEP, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us, 850-245-2285
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Site Information

Site Name: Midwest Guardian

EPA ID No.: ODH048782049

Address: 100 Keller Drive, Wapakoneta, OH 45895

County: Auglaize 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Midwest Guardian was a lead acid 

battery reclamation facility, which released lead laden battery acid from the storage of lead acid 

batteries in tractor trailers and from chipped battery casings stored in containers. Chipped battery 

casings also littered the parking lot. The site did not have a RCRA permit.

Description of Contamination: Contamination of the site occurred in the mid-1990s. The Ohio 

EPA has recently approved a Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) for Midwest Guardian, but they 

have not started the work so the extent of contamination is presently unknown. 

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “Midwest Guardian Inc.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Donald E. Miller Jr. (419) 738-8185

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us.
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Site Information

Site Name: Missouri Electric Works

EPA ID No.: MOD980965982

Address: S Highway 61 2 Mile S Highway K, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 

County: Cape Girardeau

NPL Site: Final: 2/21/1990

In CERCLIS Database: 0701474

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Missouri Electric Works operated on 

this 6.5-acre site from 1954 until 1992. Missouri Electric Works sold, serviced, and 

reconditioned electric motors, transformers, and transformer controls. In addition, it recycled 

transformer oil and copper wire; more than 16,000 transformers were repaired or scrapped at the 

site during its time of operation. 

The transformer oil was filtered and reused, with about 90 percent of the total salvaged. Facility

business records indicate the total amount of transformer oil that was not recycled was estimated 

to be 28,000 gallons. The remaining waste oil was sold to local residents for dust control 

purposes, disposed of by a contractor, or disposed of on-site. Industrial solvents were used to 

clean the electrical equipment being repaired or serviced. Solvents were reused until they were 

no longer effective. Spills and disposal of spent solvents on the MEW property were described 

by past employees during USEPA-conducted interviews. 

The facility was issued an order in 1988, prohibiting further incoming shipments of electrical 

equipment containing oil with polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in excess of 1 part per 

million (ppm).

Description of Contamination: The USEPA found PCBs from site operations in on- and offsite air sampling during 1987. The soils in the area are somewhat permeable, and the bedrock is 

highly fractured. These conditions have made it easier for PCBs and volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs) such as trichloroethene (TCE) to migrate into the groundwater. VOCs, chlorinated 

hydrocarbons, and PCBs have been found in the groundwater below the site. Sediments in 

channels draining the site and areas off site contain PCBs. PCB contamination of the soil is 

widespread and occurs to a depth of at least 5 feet.

The estimated present worth cost for the selected remedial action included in the September 28, 

1990 Record of Decision is $9,130,000. This estimate includes an estimated annual O&M cost of 

$64,010 for 15 years.
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Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Missouri Electric Works.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 25 January 2006. 25 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009294361

EPA Region 7. “Missouri Electric Works Site Profile.” 22 November 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region7/cleanup/npl_files/mod980965982.pdf

USEPA. “Missouri Electric Works.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0701474

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Missouri Electric Works.” 28 September 1990. 

17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/superrods/rodinfo.cfm?mRod=07014741990ROD038

EPA Region 7. “First Five Year Review Report for Missouri Electric Works.” September 2004. 

17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f04-07010.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Pauletta France (Remedial Project Manager) (913) 551-7701

Debbie Whitaker (Community Involvement Coordinator) (913) 551-7598
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Site Information

Site Name: Mobile Smelting

EPA ID No.: CAD050096163 

Address: United Street and Reed Road, Mojave, CA 93501

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Mobile Smelting began operations in 

1961 doing automobile restoration. These operations ended in 1970. Beginning sometime in the 

1960s, operations expanded to include aluminum and copper recovery ending in 1983, resuming 

in 1986, and concluding in 1992. Part of the Rosamond Cancer Cluster Investigation, the site 

operated sporadically through 1990. The Mobile Smelting site consists of a fenced 11-acre 

parcel. Copper and aluminum were recovered from insulated wire and scrap metal via an 

incinerator. Airborne incinerator ash is recovered in the bag house air pollution equipment. 

Following collection, the ash is placed in plastic bags and then inside burlap bags which are then 

stored in a trailer located on- site. The furnace/bottom ash is collected at the base of the furnace 

and deposited in piles outside the building. Past ash handling practices are unknown. 

Contamination was discovered in 1988. 

Description of Contamination: In March 1994, the smelter was dismantled and 

decontaminated. Receipts obtained from the facility operator have identified approximately 250 

contributors as potentially responsible parties (PRPs). The first phase of the potential responsible 

party search consisted of verifying those PRPs identified from receipts and sending information 

request letters in order to obtain the source of material and further records of transactions. The 

first phase of the PRP search was completed in May 1993, consisting of a compilation of 

information obtained from the PRPs. The second phase of the PRP search consisted of sending 

information request letters to additional contributors identified from site records and generators 

identified by contributors. This phase 2 PRP search report was completed in May 1994. The 

PRPs will conduct the site investigation and cleanup and pay past costs incurred. 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) cleanup and removal expenditures 

have exceeded $1.6 million. Soil/ash samples indicate dioxin/furan (2378 TCDD, TEF) 

contamination as high as 323,000 parts per billion (ppb) in the bag house ash, and 20 ppb in the 

ash piles outside the building. Also detected in the bag house ash was cadmium as high as 840 

ppm, copper at 120,000 ppm, and lead at 64,000 ppm. A polymer coating sprayed on the 

contaminated ash and soil was completed in November 1990. In March of 1993, ash material 
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contaminated with heavy metals and dioxins was removed from outside the southern boundary of 

the site. Residents in a near-by apartment complex may be subject to exposure via wind or direct 

contact with contaminated ash or soil. The California Department of Health Services (DHS) 

obtained a court approved stipulation agreement for the purpose of obtaining access to the site 

and preventing future operation of the onsite incineration. A polymer coating sprayed on the 

contaminated ash and soil was completed in November 1990. In 1998 a polymer sealant was 

applied to site soils and ash piles to eliminate the potential offsite movement of dust and 

contained runoff. The coating will serve as a dust suppressant. DTSC conducted further sampling 

in August of 2001. There is no known groundwater contamination onsite. 

In 2000 DTSC entered into a settlement with Herman Berkovics for $75,000. The settlement 

included $50,000 in insurance proceeds and $25,000 from Mr. Berkovics. DTSC settled with Mr. 

Berkovics after reviewing his financial status and determining that he had insufficie nt funds to 

contribute more than the settlement amount for site cleanup. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Mobile Smelting.” Site Cleanup: Site 

Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database Profile Report (n.d.) 17 January 

2006. http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=15330011

California Department of Toxic Substances Control – Work Notice. “DTSC to Resume Sampling 

Around Mobile Smelting, United Street and Reed Avenue.” August 2001. 17 January 

2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SiteCleanup/Projects/upload/MobileSmelting_fs_WorkNotice_08

01.pdf

USEPA. “Mobile Smelting.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110008262030

Additional Contacts:

Ruben Medina (Project Manager) (559) 297-3908, rmedina@dtsc.ca.gov

Nathan Schumacher (Public Participation Specialist) (916) 255-3650, nschumac@dtsc.ca.gov

Ron Baker (Media Contact) (916) 324-3142
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Site Information:

Site Name: Moreco Energy, Inc.

EPA ID No.: IA0001993799

Address: 1925 East Madison, Springfield, IL 62703

County: Sangamon

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0703085

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Pierce Waste Oil facility began 

operations in 1932 collecting, storing, and recycling used oil and petroleum refinery wastes. 

MORECO Energy, Inc. purchased the facility in the 1980s and continued operations until the 

Illinois EPA (IEPA) sealed the site on August 16, 1989, due to numerous RCRA and permit 

violations. USEPA reports that the site was abandoned with the machinery still running when it 

was scheduled to be closed. As a result of enforcement action, a Consent Order between IEPA 

and MORECO was entered into in April 1991 (No. 91-CH-265). After entering into the Order, 

MORECO declared bankruptcy, and the Springfield facility and MORECO facilities in Oakwood 

and Rock Island were abandoned. 

Description of Contamination: In addition to numerous above ground storage tanks, drums and 

exposed wastes at the Springfield site, it was reported that the neighboring property, 

approximately 100 feet away, observed oil seeping into an area that was being excavated for the 

installation of footings for a new conveyor belt. Nearly 60 percent of this 5-acre site is covered in 

oil. Subsurface contamination at the site continues to exist. Soon after the USEPA completed 

testing of the aboveground hazards, they dug 14 test pits throughout the site. A number of the 

test pits indicated free product (oil), some as much as one foot thick. Analytical results indicated 

semi-volatiles and PCBs in the soils and groundwater collected from the pits. USEPA suspects 

that as it neared its end, MORECO was accepting a wide variety of wastes including lab 

chemicals. Analytical results in 1999 indicated volatile, semi-volatile and metal contamination 

still remains in the groundwater. The Illinois EPA continues to restrict access to the site, 

however no further cleanup actions have been conducted since the USEPA removal in 1993. The 

current owner uses the site for truck storage. 

Sources of Information:

DeYong, Maura E. “Public Health Assessment and Risk Assessment for MORECO, Inc. Site 

Springfield Illinois.” University of Illinois at Springfield Thesis.

USEPA. “Moreco Energy Company.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 
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http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0703085

USEPA. “Moreco Energy Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001289551

Additional Contacts:

Greg Dunn, 217-785-235
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Site Information

Site Name: Myers Drum

EPA ID No.: CAD009123217

Address: 6549 San Pablo Ave, Oakland, CA 94608

County: Alameda

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility operated as a drum 

recycling facility from 1939 through 1991. As late as 1989, twenty thousand drums were stored 

in the yard awaiting reconditioning, ninety-five percent on their sides. Ninety-nine percent of all 

drums accepted at the facility for reconditioning previously held hazardous materials. The 

facility exhibited evidence of very poor housekeeping including spillage, sump overflow, and 

structural failure of underground sumps and pipelines resulting in massive releases of mobile 

hazardous compounds under the facility. Potential/confirmed hazardous waste include adhesives, 

alkaline and aqueous solutions with metals, arsenic, baghouse waste, contaminated soil, 

halogenated organic compounds, hydrocarbon and oxygenated solvents, lead, metal dust & 

machining waste, metal sludge, off specification, aged, or surplus inorganics and inorganics, 

organic liquids with metals, organic solids with halogens, pesticide containers, solids or sludges 

w/ halogenated organic compounds, unspecified alkaline solutions, unspecified organic liquid 

mixtures, other sludge waste, waste oil & mixed oil.

Description of ContaminationThis site is contaminated with volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs) in soil and groundwater and heavy metals in soil. In 1989 a completed preliminary 

assessment indicated that soils at the site were contaminated with metals (lead, zinc, and 

arsenic), volatile organic compounds (toluene, xylene, and propanol), semi-volatile organic 

compounds (naphthalene and phenol), and total petroleum hydrocarbons. Two localized 

groundwater plumes were identified. Clay soil was added in 1999 to minimize vapor releases, 

residential development proposed in 2003. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Myers Drum.” Site Cleanup – Site

Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.). 21 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=01340111

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 

22 November 2006. 
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USEPA. “Myers Drum.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002635131

Additional Contacts:

Ted Park (PM) (510) 540-3805, tpark@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: National Oil Services

EPA ID No.: CTD162235782 

Address: 16 Elm Street, West Haven, CT 06516-3806

County: New Haven

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: National Oil Services Inc. operated as a 

former waste oil storage, treatment, transfer, recycling and disposal facility from 1982 to 1997 at 

which time it was abandoned. In 1997, after a number of years of attempting to bring the 

company into compliance, the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection ordered 

operations to cease. The property owner evicted National Oil Services and its subsidiary 

business, Atlantic Environmental Laboratory. Prior to vacating, National Oil Services filed for 

bankruptcy. 

Description of Contamination: A 1997 investigation found methylene chloride and other 

halogenated solvents in waste oils, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, chromic acid, 

sodium hydroxide and ether at the site. Contaminated wastewater, sludge, debris, drums, and 

waste oil have been removed from the site. EPA spent approximately $1.5 million to clean up the 

site. In 2001, EPA settled with 750 businesses, municipalities and government agencies who sent 

waste oil to National Oil Services. Ninety three percent of the parties involved in the settlement 

are being asked to pay no more than $3,000. EPA intends on paying $275,000 of the clean up 

costs to cover those companies which sent waste oil to the site and are either insolvent or 

defunct.

Sources of Information: 

Bazenas, Ted (OSC) (617) 918-1230, Interview, 12/07/2005

USEPA. “National Oil Services.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110003019126

USEPA. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England: National Oil Services.” 15 July 2002. 

17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R1/npl_pad.nsf/51dc4f173ceef51d85256adf004c7ec8/bdd036037

1edebab85256b4200603554?OpenDocument#top
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USEPA – EPA New England Press Release. “EPA Lodges Consent Decree for National Oil 

Services Site in CT.” 18 September 2001. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/ne/pr/2001/sep/010908.html

Additional Contacts:

Ted Bazenas (OSC) (617) 918-1230 bazenas.edward@epa.gov 

Gerardo Millan-Ramos (SAM) 918-1377

Alice Kaufman 617-918-1064
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Site Information

Site Name: New England Container Co.

EPA ID No.: RID048976732

Address: 455 George Washington Hwy, Smithfield, RI 02917

County: Providence

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0101242

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This property was owned by Air Park 

Industrial Development Corporation until 1968 and Goodyear Realty until 1970. The New 

England Container Co. has occupied the property since 1970. Since 1971, the New England 

Container Co. has engaged in the reconditioning and recycling of used 55-gallon metal drums. 

There are two large buildings on site: the open head drum plant and the closed head drum plant. 

Most areas of the property were paved between 1975 and 1981. Wastes generated at the property 

between 1987 and 1991 were composed of paint sludge, solvents, flammable liquids, and 

sandblasting grit mixed with paint sludge. Waste was disposed of to the ground surface and to 

catch basins on the property. The New England Container Co. has been cited by Rhode Island 

Department of Environmental Management for hazardous waste violations including lack of 

secondary containment, failure to label containers, and failure to maintain documentation of 

employee training. 

Description of Contamination: Contaminants of concern detected in groundwater beneath the 

property include lead, chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and non-chlorinated 

VOCs. Soils beneath the asphalt on the property are suspected to be a source of VOCs, including 

tetrachloroethene (PCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Chlorinated VOCs have been detected in 

private drinking water wells located 0.25 miles north and east of the property. Contaminants 

detected in the private drinking water wells include tetrachloroethene, trichloroethane, 1,2-

dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, and chloroform at concentrations as high 

as 17 parts per billion (ppb). Impacts to nearby groundwater drinking water supply sources have 

been documented.

Sources of Information:

Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management. “Waste Management Board 

Enforcement Action Order by Consent Issued to New England Container d/b/a Richmond 

Barrel & Box.” 2003. 25 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.virginia.gov/enforcement/finalorders/richbarbox.pdf
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USEPA. “New England Container Co.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0101242

USEPA. “New England Container.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse.(n.d.). 23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000819936

USEPA. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England New England Container Co.” 3 

February 2003. 24 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/474b4a3be4843e2285256b4200606d7e?OpenD

ocument

Additional Contacts:

Gerardo Millan-Ramos (EPA SAM) (617) 918-1377, millan-ramos.gerardo@epa.gov

Nancy Smith (EPA SAM) (617) 918-1436

Cynthia Gianfrancesco (401) 222-2979 x7126, Cynthia.Gianfrancesco@dem.ri.gov

Margaret Bradley (401) 222-2979 x7105
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Newark Processing

EPA ID No.: TRI ID: 43055NWRKP1367E; No RCRA ID

Address: 1367 E. Main Street, Newark, OH 43055

County: Licking

NPL Site No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In 1980, Newark Processing began 

operating a secondary aluminum recycling facility at the 66-acre East Main Street facility 

adjacent to the Licking River. The facility ceased operations due to bankruptcy in late 1996. 

Newark Processing processed aluminum dross from several aluminum smelting companies. 

Dross, a by-product of primary and secondary aluminum smelting, consists of varying 

concentrations of aluminum, aluminum oxides, free metals, and salts. Newark Processing 

received two types of dross on a tolling basis: (1) white dross, which contains a high enough 

aluminum content to be fed directly into a rotary furnace for smelting, and (2) black dross, which 

must be processed through a wet mill to concentrate aluminum before smelting.

Newark Processing’s furnaces and wet mill generated saltcake and dross fines as byproducts of 

the recycling process. The facility screened the wet mill waste by size and recovered and 

reprocessed the larger particles. The smaller particles flowed to a series of cement-lined settling 

ponds, accumulating as a sludge called “dross fines.” Newark Processing periodically removed 

these dross fines and stockpiled them on-site, claiming that the dross fines would either be reprocessed or sold.

At the time of its bankruptcy, Newark Processing estimated that approximately 374,000 tons of 

dross fines and 175,000 tons of aluminum dross remained at the site. 

Description of Contamination: In 1980, Newark Processing analyzed the material stockpiled 

on site at the request of Ohio EPA. Despite the detection of metals and ammonia in the sample, 

Ohio EPA concluded that the stockpiled material did not require regulation.

On February 28, 1991, Newark Processing sampled the dross fines for total metals, pH, percent 

solids, and chlorides. Results indicated relative high metal content with a pH of 9.6; however, no 

conclusions were drawn from this data. On January 8, 1992, Newark Processing sampled the 

aluminum dross fines for organics and metals using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure 

(TCLP) and found all organics to be below detection limits and barium, cadmium, chromium, 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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lead to be below the TCLP regulatory limit. On April 29, 1994, Newark Processing sampled 

dross fines for total metals. The results indicated high metal content; however, no conclusions 

were drawn from this data.

In May 1999, at the request of Ohio EPA, Newark Processing contracted URS Greiner 

Woodward Clyde (URS) to conduct an investigation of the stockpiled material and ground water. 

URS installed eight direct push borings, collected surface and subsurface dross samples, and 

collected a composite dross sample of the West Dross Pile. Analysis for metals indicated high 

metal content in the waste material but all concentrations were below the TCLP regulatory 

limit. High concentrations of ammonia and chloride were detected, and the pH range was 7.9-

10.5. URS analyzed the ground water samples for total and dissolved metals, pH, ammonia, 

chloride, and fluoride. Ground water samples indicated arsenic, barium, cadmium, nickel, 

selenium, and fluoride were above their respective maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for 

drinking water. Also, high ammonia and chloride concentrations were detected.

In 2004, the city of Newark contracted Civil and Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) to 

complete a Phase II investigation of the property using the $300,000 in bankruptcy funds that 

had been awarded to Ohio EPA. In addition, Ohio EPA contributed resources (personnel, direct 

push technology, and monitoring well installation) through a grant from USEPA. CEC and Ohio 

EPA collected samples of soil, dross, dross fines, ground water, surface water, and sediment. 

Ohio EPA also assessed macroinvertebrate communities in the Licking River and Shawnee 

Run. All environmental media were analyzed for metals, ammonia, nitrate-nitrite, and volatile 

organic compounds and all dross stockpiles were analyzed for dioxins. 

The sample results were compared to the Ohio EPA Voluntary Action Program generic 

standards, and it was determined that (1) no contaminant detected in soil, dross, or surface 

water/sediment exceeded generic standards; (2) ground water exceeded unrestrictive potable use

standards for ammonia, selenium, and nitrate-nitrite; (3) multiple chemical adjustment indicated 

the dross and soil exceeded property-specific applicable standards for some complete pathways 

(e.g., direct contact with ground water and direct contact, inhalation, and ingestion of dross and 

impacted soil); and (4) no biological impairment was indicated in the Licking River and 

Shawnee Run. Ohio EPA also evaluated sediment in terms of freshwater quality and found that 

the metal concentrations in the dross are much higher than the threshold effect concentration

(TEC, the concentration in sediment below which harmful effects will not likely be observed) 

and probably effect concentration (PEC, the concentration above which harmful effects are likely 

to be observed). Ohio EPA determined that continued erosion of the waste dross will increase the 

overall metallic concentration in the sediment and adversely affect sediment dwelling organisms.
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Ohio EPA is currently working with theU.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) concerning the 

erosion of the dross. A memorandum of agreement was signed between Ohio EPA and USACE 

on December 14, 2006, and a support agreement on March 14, 2007. On April 16, 2007, Ohio 

EPA provided USACE $2.8 million dollars for the stabilization project. The project will stabilize 

about 1,600 feet of river bank.

Sources of Information:

Ohio EPA. “Division of Emergency and Remedial Response

Site Cleanup Summary: Newark Processing.” May 2007. 6 March 2008. 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/cdo/newark_processing.html

USEPA. “Newark Processing Co Inc.” Envirofacts Multisystem Report. (n.d.) 6 March 2008. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001628212
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Site Information:

Site Name: Nooksack Valley Disposal

EPA ID No.: WAD057315624

Address: 250 Birch Bay-Lynden Rd., Lynden, WA 98264

County: Whatcom

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Nooksack Valley Disposal recycles 

paint, paint thinner, solvents, pesticides, fuels, engine oil, car batteries, and cleaners. Nooksack 

Valley Disposal & Recycling services over 8,000 county customers including the cities of 

Lynden, Everson, Nooksack, and Sumas.

Description of Contamination: The site was initially investigated in July 2000 and listed on 

Washington’s Hazardous Site Listing in February 2001. The soil on site is contaminated and it is 

suspected that ground and surface water are also contaminated. 

Sources of Information: 

Nooksack Valley Disposal and Recycling, Inc. 2006. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.nvd-inc.com/.

USEPA. “Nooksack Valley Disposal Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 

(n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100053

22953
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Site Information

Site Name: Northwest Transformer (Mission/Pole)

EPA ID No.: WAD980833974

Address: 6882 Mission St., Everson, WA 98247

County: Whatcom

NPL Site: Deleted 9/28/1999

In CERCLIS Database: 1001003

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Northwest Transformer 

(Mission/Pole) salvage yard covers 1.6 acres. The property was agricultural farmland until 1958, 

when the Northwest Transformer Service Company began leasing the site. The company used 

the site as a salvage yard and stored, repaired, and recycled electrical transformers and 

capacitors on site from 1958 to 1985. They also carried out other activities on site, including 

dismantling and reclaiming equipment, burning casings for transformers in an open concrete 

burn pit, burning waste oils in a space heater, and draining transformer oils into a seepage pit. 

Chemicals including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) spilled and leaked into site soil. Waste 

transformer fluids were stored in a tank on-site. 

Description of Contamination: Soil was contaminated with PCBs and small quantities of 

solvents. The highest was 31,000 parts per million (ppm). In May 1985, EPA used CERCLA 

emergency funds to remove PCB containing materials from the site. Five transformers 

containing greater than 500 ppm were drained and cleaned. About 500 transformers were either 

already clean (less than 46 ppm) and those that contained 46 to 500 ppm were drained, rinsed, 

and cleaned on-site. Contaminated soil (1,360 cubic yards) and waste liquid (5,500 gallons) 

containing 10 ppm or more were also removed. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Explanation of Significant Differences: Northwest Transformer.” 22 

December 1993. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/e1094102.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision Amendment: Northwest Transformer.” 30 

September 1991. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/a1091031.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Northwest Transformer.” 15 September 1989. 19 

February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r1089018.pdf
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USEPA. “Federal Register Notice – Notice of deletion of the Lackawanna Refuse Superfund 

Site from the National Priorities List (NPL).” 28 September 1999. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/d990928.htm

USEPA. “Five Year Review Northwest Transformer.” July 1999. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f99-10003.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet Northwest Transformer (Mission Pole).” April 2002. 19 February 

2006. http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/nplpad.nsf/epaid/wad980833974

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Northwest Transformer.” 10 June 1986. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n1001003.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Northwest Transformer.” CERCLIS. 10 January 

2006. 19 February 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=1001003

Additional Contacts: 

Tim Brincefield (Site Manager) (202) 553-2100 brincefield.timothy@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Nucor Corporation, Inc.

EPA ID No.:

Address: headquartered in Charlotte, NC

County:

NPL Site:

In CERCLIS Database:

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Nucor Corporation, Inc. will spend 

nearly $100 million to settle an environmental suit alleging that it failed to control the amount of 

pollution released from its steel factories in seven states, under an agreement reached December 

19, 2000, with the Justice Department and USEPA. This is the largest and most comprehensive 

environmental settlement ever with a steel manufacturer.

The settlement, filed in U.S. District Court in Florence, SC, requires Nucor to undertake broad 

environmental improvements at its 14 facilities in Alabama, Arkansas, Indiana, Nebraska, South 

Carolina, Texas and Utah. The settlement terms are as follows (1) Nucor will pay a civil penalty 

of $9 million; (2) $85 million will be spent on injunction relief. Nucor will pilot air pollution 

control technologies for control of NOx emissions from its electric arc and reheat furnaces. This 

control technology should set a new standard for NOx control in the steel industry. Nucor will 

also conduct sampling of groundwater and soil at all facilities, conduct sampling of stormwater 

at all minimills, identify areas of contamination and clean up that contamination in accordance 

with USEPA or state-approved plan for each facility, implement enhancements to its 

environmental management of electric arc furnace dust, and its process waster and storm water 

to ensure continued compliance with hazardous waste laws and Clean Water Act requirements, 

and lastly complete all filings under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know 

Act of 1986. Nucor will conduct extensive environmental audits to discover and correct any 

remaining environmental problems, and put in place a corporate-wide environmental 

management system to prevent future violations. $4 million will be spent on additional 

environmental projects, $2 million for community-based supplemental environmental projects 

and $2 million for the installation of state-of-the-art continuous air emission monitoring (CEM) 

equipment at Nucor’s minimills that will monitor continuously to ensure that the company 

complies with emission limits for nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxides. The installation of CEM 

equipment is not required by law, and will add significantly to USEPA’s understanding of 

emissions at Nucor facilities, and throughout the steel industry. Under the second settlement term 

Nucor will improve its methods for the K061 dust it generates by sampling groundwater and soil 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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at each of its factories and identifying those areas that are contaminated with K061 dust and 

clean them up under USEPA or state-approved plan.

Only a small portion of the $100 million settlement pertains directly to recycling operations (the 

exact amount is unclear). The agreement covers eight Nucor "mini-mills," which produce steel 

by melting scrap metal in large electric arc furnaces, and six steel fabrication plants, where the 

final molding and painting of steel products occurs. The settlement resolves allegations, 

contained in a federal complaint filed along with the agreement, that Nucor violated 

environmental standards regulating the release of pollutants into the air, water, and soil. The 

complaint alleges that Nucor's failure to control air pollution resulted in thousands of tons of 

illegal air emissions each year. In addition the complaint alleges that Nucor mismanaged K061 

dust, a hazardous waste produced by the steel furnaces.

Description of Contamination: Nucor Corporation Inc. processed ferrous scrap metals, some of 

which contained hazardous contaminants. The recycling process created K061 dust, which 

contains lead and cadmium and which was subsequently disposed of improperly at eight Nucor 

factories resulting in contaminated soil and groundwater. The dust also was discharged illegally 

through wastewater and storm water. These actions violated several environmental laws 

including RCRA. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Nucor Corporation, Inc. Multimedia Settlement.” 16 March 2005. 25 January 2005. 

http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/cases/civil/mm/nucor.html

USEPA. “Nucor Corporation, Inc. Civil Judicial Settlement Fact Sheet.” 19 December 2000. 19 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/compliance/resources/cases/civil/mm/nucorfs.pdf

USEPA. “U.S. Reaches Environmental Settlement with Steel Manufacturer Nucor.”19 December 

2000. 19 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/016bcfb1deb9fecd85256aca005d74df/9eb593c7e2c54

803852569ba006165a8?OpenDocument
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Site Information

Site Name: Old Bridge Chemicals, Inc. / Madison Industries, Inc.

EPA ID No.: NJD002460855 / NJD002460855

Address: Old Waterworks Rd, Old Bridge, NJ 08857

County: Middlesex

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Old Bridge Chemicals, Inc. (OBC) and 

Madison Industries, Inc. (Madison) operate at the same location at Old Waterworks Road. The 

property is owned by Arnet Realty Company. Operations began at this site in 1964 and 

approximately 5 acres are active. The site produces copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, 

etchants and iron enrichment additives. The company claimed it conducted recycling at the 

facility using materials generated at the site (filter press material from the zinc sulfate and zinc 

chloride processes and from the wastewater treatment plant operations and off-specification 

copper products) to produce a “micronutrient fertilizer.” A pile of this material existed at the site 

from at least 12/4/89 until 8/18/95, when it was removed by court order, and was found to be 

hazardous for lead and cadmium toxicity based on sampling, with results as high as 40 ppm and 

300 ppm, respectively. Portions of the pile were sold to out-of-state fertilizer manufacturers for 

incorporation into its products through 1992. The pile was maintained outside, exposed to the 

elements, and thus was susceptible to moisture and dispersion by wind and precipitation. 

Discharges to the environment from the pile were observed and documented by the NJDEP on 

6/9/93, 9/9/93 and 2/22/94. 

As of November 2001 this site did not hold a RCRA Part B permit. 

Description of Contamination: In 1995, a pile of micronutrient fertilizer was removed and 

found to be hazardous for lead and cadmium toxicity based on sampling, with results as high as 

40 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively. A report prepared in July 1996 by Amy S. Greene 

Environmental Consultants, Inc. for Madison revealed elevated levels of zinc and copper in the 

leaves within four stressed zones to the west of the site. Groundwater at this site is contaminated 

with heavy metals, which was identified by NJ DEP.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 2. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

31 October 2005. 
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USEPA. “Old Bridge Chemicals, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000756469

USEPA. “Old Bridge Chemicals, Inc.” RCRAInfo. 26 November 2001. 20 January 2006.

USEPA. “Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Site Progress Profile: Old 

Bridge Metals and Chemicals.” 10 December 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcra_profile.getmain?p_handler_id=NJD052204864

Additional Contacts:

Susan Gieser (Public Contact) (732) 727-2225
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Old ESCO Manufacturing

EPA ID No.: TXD980513808

Address: 500 Forrester Street, Greenville, TX, 75401

County: Hunt

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: TXD980513808

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Old ESCO Manufacturing (ESCO) 

operated in Greenville, Texas from 1945 until March 1991. ESCO manufactured electrical 

transformers and repaired and refurbished used transformers for resale. The manufacturing 

process included the use of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) oil, which has contaminated soil on 

the facility property and surrounding properties. ESCO filed for bankruptcy in 1990. The 

property was foreclosed on in 2001 by the taxing entities due to non-payment of taxes. The 

facility is currently abandoned. According to the city of Greenville Community Development 

Director, the city master plan shows the future land use for this property as low density 

residential/park/open space.

The area surrounding the former facility is primarily residential and also includes some small 

businesses. Multiple residential properties were affected by the contaminated soil. In particular, 

PCB-contaminated soil has been confirmed at 35 residential properties located immediately 

north and east of the facility. Thus, there is a potential for residents and children to come into 

contact with the contaminated soils.

From August 2008 through January 2009, U.S. EPA conducted a first Time Critical Removal 

Action that included:

 Removal of approximately 5000 tons PCB-contaminated soils from six adjacent 

residential properties located directly east of the site; 

 Restoration of these same six properties; 

 Installation of fencing around the perimeter of the former facility; 

 Removal of 120 cubic yards of asbestos-containing materials;

 Placement of ripple dams/storm water controls in drainage pathways between residential 

properties and the site to reduce the potential for contaminated soil backflow on to clean 

areas during flooding events; and

 Placement of ripple dams at periodic locations on the site drainage to reduce off-site soil 

migration. 
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EPA also assisted Hunt County in removing for disposal materials including hay and tires stored 

in a building on site. 

During the September 2009, through December 2009, U.S. EPA conducted a second Time 

Critical Removal Action that included the removal of 3,192 tons of PCB contaminated soil from 

three residential properties and numerous adjacent road side drainage ditch grids, and the 

restoration of the excavated properties.

On May 17, 2011, the EPA began a third Time-Critical Removal Action. As of September 30th, 

2011, a total of 52,731 tons of soil was removed from the main building and its concrete 

foundation. The affected area was remediated to below 1.0 ppm total PCBs. On the 19th of

September 2011, groundwater monitoring showed contamination in all wells to be below the 0.5

ppb U.S. EPA standard for drinking water.

Description of Contamination: The manufacturing and recycling processes included the use of 

PCB oil, which contaminated soil on the facility property and surrounding properties. Soil 

contamination consisted of PCB-contaminated soil, at concentrations exceeding health-based 

benchmarks, on the facility property and surrounding residential properties. In addition, 120 

cubic yards of asbestos-containing materials were abandoned on site. PCBs were present in onsite soils to a depth of 15 feet, with concentrations as high as 85,000 ppm. Groundwater below 

the site is not contaminated above drinking water standards.

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Esco Manufacturing. Accessed Online. November 

2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100201

25782

2. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Old Esco Manufacturing. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1777.htm

3. USEPA. On-Scene Coordinator Website Old Esco Manufacturing. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=6960

4. USEPA. Region 6 Superfund Site Summary Old Esco Manufacturing. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region6/6sf/pdffiles/0602482.pdf
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Site Information

Site Name: Old Salem Tannery II

EPA ID No.: VAD988170437

Address: 120 S. Bruffey Street, Salem, VA 24153

County: Salem

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 303837

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Old Salem Tannery Site was a 

tannery in operation from the late 1891 until 1973. From 1973 until 1993, the land was used as 

an industrial storage facility and a lead reclamation operation. Until 1991, the current- owner of 

the property operated on the site an industrial salvage facility engaged in the reclamation of lead 

from the splitting of batteries. Since the mid 1990s, the property has been used as a truck and 

vehicle salvage yard. 

Description of Contamination: There are approximately 100 drums and containers on site. On 

January 14, 1992, a site assessment was conducted to determine the extent of possible 

contamination on and off the site. Twelve samples were collected from the site, which included 

two soil samples from near the former battery breaking site in addition to several others. 

Analytical results show that several soil samples had elevated levels of lead and samples from a 

lagoon area had elevated levels of chromium contamination. In 1993, the USEPA Region 3 

Removal Program performed a removal action at the Site which included the removal of drums 

and containers of hazardous waste. In April of 2004, USEPA was again contacted regarding the 

Site.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 3. Memorandum from Terry Stilman, OSC, EPA Region III to Charles Walters, 

Public Health Advisor, ATSDR EPA Region III. “Old Salem Tannery Site.” 27 February 

1992. 17 January 2006. http://loggerhead.epa.gov/arweb/pdf/154671.pdf

USEPA. “Old Salem Tannery.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0303837.

USEPA. “Old Salem Tannery.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100093

15963.
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USEPA. “Old Salem Tannery II.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=809

Additional Contacts: 

Christine Wagner wagner.christine@epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Omega Chemical Corporation

EPA ID No.: CAD042245001

Address: 12504 and 12512 E. Whittier Boulevard, Whittier, CA 90602

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: Final: 1/19/99

In CERCLIS Database: 0903349

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Omega Chemical Corporation 

operated as a spent solvent and refrigerant recycling and treatment facility. During its years of 

operation from 1976 until 1991, drums and bulk loads of waste solvent and chemicals from 

various industrial activities were processed to form commercial products. Chemical, thermal and 

physical treatment processes are believed to have been used to recycle and reuse the waste 

materials. This facility did not report itself as a recycler on RCRA notification forms. 

In 1995, following four years of effort by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control 

(DTSC) to clean up the facility, the site owner pleaded guilty to two felony counts of illegal 

storage and disposal of hazardous waste. 

This site was not RCRA permitted. 

Description of Contamination: High concentrations of tetrachloroethene (PCE), trichloroethene 

(TCE), and other chlorinated hydrocarbons were found in subsurface soil and groundwater. 

During 1995, USEPA’s Superfund Emergency Response Office oversaw removal activities, 

during which several thousand drums of hazardous wastes were removed from the property. In 

1996, the potentially responsible party (PRP) Group, with USEPA oversight, undertook the 

collection and analyses of some preliminary subsurface soil and groundwater samples at the 

Omega Property and surrounding locations. Analytical results indicated that subsurface soil at 

the Omega Property is contaminated with chlorinated solvents, primarily PCE, TCE, other 

chlorinated hydrocarbons, freons and metals. PCE contamination was detected in soil at 

concentrations ranging from 1.9 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) to 510 mg/kg. Groundwater 

samples collected at the Omega Property contained PCE up to 86,000 micrograms per liter as 

well as significant concentrations of other chlorinated hydrocarbons and Freon. [Note: The 

federal drinking water standard for PCE is 5 micrograms per liter.] The presence of PCE and 

TCE was also detected in groundwater at locations approximately 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mile 

down-gradient of the Omega Property in the City of Santa Fe Springs.
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The cleanup expenditure at this site as of September 2004 was $5,510,784.78. 

In August 2005, the federal government proposed plans to remediate groundwater contamination 

from the site. USEPA has already removed some 2,700 drums of hazardous chemicals and 

contaminated soil from the site.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005. 

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

16 January 2006. 

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Omega Chemical Corporation.” 19 January 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0903349.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Omega Chemical Corporation.” 17 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplfs/fs0903349.pdf

USEPA. “Omega Chemical Corporation.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 24 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0903349

USEPA. “Omega Chemical Corporation.” RCRAInfo. 27 June 2002. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Omega Chemical Site PRP Org GP.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000609510

Waste News – Headline News. "EPA proposes cleanup plan for Calif. Chemical recycling plant."

11 August 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.wastenews.com/headlines2.html?id=1123786480

Additional Contacts:

Jere Johnson (SAM) (415) 972-3094

Christopher Lichens (RPM) (415) 972-3149

Matt Mitguard (SAM) (415) 972-3096

Dawn Richmond (SAM) (415) 972-3097
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Site Information

Site Name: OMG Air Emissions

EPA ID No.: UTD982589848

Address: Shivwits Band of Paiute Tribe Reservation., Mile 15 Highway 91 

West, St. George UT 84771

County: Washington

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0801820

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This metal reclamation facility is an 

inorganic chemical processing facility which produces cobalt compounds from residues, 

byproducts, and cobalt chemicals and tungsten compounds from tungsten carbide scrap including 

soft scrap and hard scrap. Hard scrap is tungsten carbide that has been formed into tools and 

other pieces that failed the manufacturer’s quality control tests for shape or size or has been 

broken. Hard scrap may take the form of drill bits, cutting tool inserts, ball bearings, or projectile 

points. Soft scrap is a wet grinding sludge that is collected from the machining of the hard scrap 

parts. OMG’s products consisted of cobalt sulfate used in copper mining applications, cobalt 

carbonate used in animal feeding applications, cobalt nitrate used in the manufacturing of 

automobile air bags, cobalt oxides used for pigmentation in ceramics and glass, lithium cobalt 

oxides used in the manufacture of rechargeable batteries, and tungsten powders used in the 

manufacturing of hard metals and lighting products. The tungsten process recovered tungsten 

from secondary raw materials such as tungsten carbide scrap and residues and forms ammonium 

paratungstate (APT). This reclamation process involved four major steps: 1) raw material drying, 

crushing and calcining, 2) impurities removal, 3) product recovery and 4) drying and packaging. 

The cobalt plant produces five different types of cobalt products; cobalt carbonate, cobalt oxide, 

lithium cobalt dioxide, cobalt nitrate, and cobalt sulfate. Although each product is distinct, the 

products of one line may be used as feed to another. Further, residue filter cake from the tungsten 

plant typically contains cobalt values and is used as a feed to the cobalt plant.

In November 2002, OMG's corporate headquarters announced its intention to close the facility as 

part of a major corporate restructuring. The plant ceased operations in December. The company 

is currently working with the Shivwits Band of Paiute Indians to assist them with finding 

acceptable alternative uses for the plant site and to implement a site reclamation plan. That plan 

will include clean closure of the existing wastewater ponds. 

The Bureau of Indian Affairs has undertaken further investigation and site cleanup. 
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Description of Contamination: OM Group of Cleveland, Ohio, parent company of OMG Apex 

Inc., signed an administrative consent order with USEPA's Region 8 office in Denver agreeing to 

pay $110,000 penalties after dumping 44,000 gallons of chromium-tainted wastewater. USEPA 

inspected the OMG facility near St. George, Utah, after the company reported discharging the 

wastewater into evaporation ponds over a four-day period in August 2002 in violation of RCRA. 

OMG did not have permits to place the hazardous waste in the ponds. The wastewater contained 

high levels of chromium. In addition to the penalty, OMG agreed to sample and analyze the 

wastes in the evaporation ponds at the site, which is now closed. The agreement follows a 

previous settlement reached in August 2001 between OMG and USEPA in which the company 

agreed to perform nearly $900,000 of environmental work and pay a $125,000 penalty for other 

hazardous wastes at the same plant site, the agency said. The two cases were unrelated. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 8. “Air Pollution Control, Title V Permit to Operate, Statement of Basis for Final 

Permit No. V-P-0001-00.00.” Provided by EPA on 7 December 2005.

EPA Region 8. “EPA, OMG settle hazardous waste case.” 22 April 2003. 26 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r8/r8media.nsf/65d6223e10b0ee12872567df0075e965/5804bf94

b97afa8787256d0a00724857!OpenDocument

EPA Region 8. “EPA, OMG settle waste case.” 3 August 2001. 26 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r8/r8media.nsf/90a4fc3bc5595fbc872567df0075e923/c883893ac

1b9e8ed87256a9d006b2f41!OpenDocument

Johnson, Eric (EPA Region 8) (303) 312-6357, Interview 8 December 2005.

USEPA. “OMG Air Emissions.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0801820

USEPA. “OMG Americas APEX Operations Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data 

Warehouse. (n.d.). 21 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100123

57421

USEPA. “Utah metals firm faces waste fine, order.” 8 August 2000. 21 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/d0b2d6dc52c949bb852570d900462aa3?Ope

nDocument
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Additional Contacts:

Joyce Ackerman (On-scene coordinator) (303) 312-6822

Luke Chavez (SAM) (303) 312-6512

Amy Swanson (EPA) (303) 312-6906

Eric R. Johnson (EPA) (303) 312-6357

Frank Montarelli (EPA) (303) 312-6780

Toll Free (EPA) 1-800-227-8917

Kathleen Paser (EPA Air Programs Department) (303) 312-6526

Eric Johnson, RCRA Enforcement, (303) 312-6357
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Site Information

Site Name: ONARP Inc.(Mel’s Battery)

EPA ID No.: ODH980995963

Address: 459 N. Main St., Lima, OH 45801

County: Allen

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Mel’s Battery was a lead acid battery 

recycling facility which is no longer in operation. Lead laden battery acid as well as spent acid 

resulting from drum washing has contaminated the site. The company was ordered to complete 

closure per director’s Findings and Orders but never did. USEPA issued the company a §3008(h) 

order to clean up site and again, the company did nothing. The owner was found in contempt of 

Orders and then died. Although the dates of operation are unknown, the first enforcement was 

1987. The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The soils and flooring in site buildings are contaminated with 

high levels of lead. 

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “Injunctive Relief 1993.” EPA Region 5. 1993. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg5oorc/annualreports/1993/ir93.htm

USEPA. “Onarp Inc.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006.

Additional Contacts:

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us.
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Site Information

Site Name: P4 Production LLC - Monsanto

EPA ID No.: IDD081830994

Address: Highway 34 North, Soda Springs, ID 83276 

County: Caribou

NPL Site: Proposed: 5/05/1989; Final: 8/30/1990

In CERCLIS Database: 1000213

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Monsanto Soda Springs Plant 

processes locally mined phosphate ore to produce elemental phosphorus. In 1952, Monsanto 

purchased the plant site, built the plant, and began operations. The fenced plant consists of more 

than a dozen administrative and processing buildings plus ore piles, slag piles, by-product 

materials, surface impoundments, and a solid-waste landfill. Recycling operations have included 

many process water waste streams and operations continue on the property. It appears that the 

recyclable materials were not managed to prevent or minimize loss. 

Description of Contamination: In the past, recycling of the scrubber wastewater from the 

Bevill exempt nodulizing kiln and entrained, underflow solids, led to extensive groundwater 

contamination, resulting in an NPL listing. Groundwater underneath the site and the surrounding 

vicinity is contaminated with cadmium, selenium, fluoride and nitrate. Management of non 

Bevill exempt wastewaters prior to re-use may also have resulted in groundwater contamination. 

The solids, some of which are also recycled to the kiln, have high levels of naturally occurring 

radioactive materials and have resulted in radionuclide contamination around the plant. 

Through the 1980s, Monsanto conducted investigations and actions at the site to address many of 

the known and suspected sources of contamination. In 1987, sampling was conducted as part of a 

site inspection and contamination was found in monitoring and production wells. Investigations 

into the type and extent of contamination at the site have since been completed.

Over the past 30 years, the estimated cost of addressing all the contaminated soils through 

institutional controls at prices estimated in the feasibility study (FS) is $2,500,000. However, the 

total cost could be as much as $9,500,000, if the full extent of contaminated soils above the 

remediation goal in potential residential areas is taken into account through excavation, soil 

replacement, and containment within the Plant. The estimated cost of the Soil Institutional 

Control/Groundwater Monitoring alternative in the FS was $400,000 for the initial cost of 

establishing institutional controls and up to $150,000/year for ongoing groundwater monitoring, 

source/soil monitoring, and dust control. Together these costs add up to a total of $2,500,000 for 
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remediation at the site. Since dust control is required pursuant to the Plant's Idaho permit and is 

not part of the selected remedy, that cost is not part of the cost of the remedy. However, the cost 

estimate still seems reasonable, given that the cost of the arbitration which may be needed was 

not estimated in the FS.

The FS cost estimate for the active soil cleanup alternative was $16 million dollars, based on 

cleanup of 435 acres to meet a 1x10 -4 cleanup level. Current estimates of the total area to be 

addressed at the selected 3x 10 -4 cleanup level, is 250 acres, of which some 25 percent is 

already owned by Monsanto. Thus the maximum cost estimate for the soil remedy over 30 years 

if all soils outside Monsanto's control require active remediation is an additional $7,000,000, for 

a total cost estimate of $9,500,000. 

As of September 30, 2004 total cost expenditures at the site were $944,646.65. Contamination 

occurred both before and after 1982. Contamination occurred from a variety of sources, some of 

them not recycling related and the clean up cost, therefore, is not all related to recycling. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 10. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

30 November 2005. 

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: P4 Production LLC.” 30 April 1997. 16 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r1097049.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2006. 13 January 

2006.

USEPA. “Monsanto Chemical Co.” CERCLIS. 7 December 2005. 25 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=1000213

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: P4 Production LLC.” November 2003. 16 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r10/nplpad.nsf/88d393e4946e3c478825631200672c95/39dd3205

823cb6c785256595004b0ea3?OpenDocument

USEPA. “P4 Production LLC.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000743982

Additional Contacts:

Sylvia Burges: 206-553-1254
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Wally Reid: 206-553-1728
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Site Information

Site Name: Pagano Salvage

EPA ID No.: NMD980749980

Address: Los Lunas, NM 87031

County: Valencia

NPL Site: Deleted: 10/14/1992

In CERCLIS Database: 0600907

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Pagano Salvage Site covers 1.25 

acres near the east bank of the Rio Grande. In 1983, Pagano Salvage purchased electric 

transformers/capacitors and other scrap metals containing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-

contaminated oil from Sandia National Laboratories, a U.S. Department of Energy facility in 

Albuquerque, New Mexico. Pagano Salvage removed the oil, poured it over insulated wire, and 

burned off the insulation to recover the metal. The burning took place on unprotected ground at 

several locations. Site inspections in 1984, 1985, and 1986 revealed several areas of soil 

contamination in the yard due to leaks from scrap materials, which released PCB contaminated 

oil into the soil. These areas included two surface burn areas, a stained soil area, and a surface 

pool of oil.

Description of Contamination: When the facility ceased operations, 62 drums containing oil 

remained on-site. On-site soil samples collected by USEPA in March 1987 contained high 

concentrations of two PCBs: Aroclor 1254 at 1,400 parts per million (ppm), and Aroclor 1260 at 

910 ppm. Pesticides were also detected: DDT at 40 parts per billion (ppb) and DDE at 17 ppb. 

Contaminants were detected to a depth of 4 feet. All of these contaminants were also detected in 

on-site soil collected in November 1985. Local conditions facilitated movement of contaminants 

into ground water. 

On June 8, 1989, USEPA issued a CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Order requiring a 

number of parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the site to conduct a removal 

action. The parties declined but proposed to fund the action, estimated to cost $1.5 million. Over 

5,100 tons of soil and debris were removed from the site.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Pagano Salvage.” 27 September 1990. 18 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0690058.pdf
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USEPA. “Pagano Salvage Yard.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110010646024

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Pagano Salvage.” 12 January 2006. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/0600907.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Pagano Salvage.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 

January 2006. http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0600907

Additional Contacts:

Ladonna Walker (SAM) (214) 665-6666

Don Williams (RPM) (214) 665-2197
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Site Information

Site Name: Parawax Reclaiming, Inc.

EPA ID No.: OKD062270590

Address: 700 South Irving, Oklahoma City, OK 73160

County: Oklahoma

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0601121

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Parawax operated as a reclaimer of 

oilfield wastes from 1942 until 1993. Parawax produced various oil and wax products from crude 

oil exploration and production wastes accepted from local producers. Historically, the crude oil 

exploration/production wastes were dehydrated using heat from an onsite boiler. Water produced 

during dehydration was aerated by treatment lagoons. Historical documents indicate up to five 

lagoons were used in the aeration treatment. Currently only one lagoon remains. Saltwater 

recovered in the process was disposed of at the Baker-Townsend injection well approximately a 

quarter of a mile north-northeast of the site. The current operation was halted by State mandate 

for environmental violations with orders to cleanup the facility. Insufficient resources were cited 

as the reason the owner/operator did not observe this State direction. However, solids and wastes 

had not been removed from the process for an extended time, and had accumulated to such an 

extent that little capacity for further accumulation existed on site. 

Description of Contamination: Contaminants include petroleum and polychlorinated biphenyls 

(PCBs). Soil on site was contaminated with PCBs. USEPA discovered 26 above ground storage 

tanks in poor condition. These tanks contained nearly 500,000 gallons of oil, oily water, and 

sludge. Secondary containment berms (where they are present) were filled to near capacity with 

leaked oily waste. In addition to removing these wastes, USEPA had to remove 25,000 cubic 

yards of contaminated soils as well. Historical inspections conducted by the Oklahoma Water 

Resource Board (OWRB) indicate oil spilled from the Parawax site reached the North Canadian 

River. Offsite migration of oil was observed from piping on the southeastern fence boundary to 

the railroad right of way, and draining towards the river.

USEPA, in cooperation with the US Coast Guard’s National Pollution Funds Center spent 

approximately $2.5 million in federal resources to clean up the site (as of 2001). Clean up was 

completed by Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), USEPA, the Oklahoma 

Corporation Commission, the US Army Corps of Engineers, the City of Oklahoma City, the US 

Coast Guard, the Native American Cultural and Educational Authority, the Oklahoma 

Department of Commerce and the US Fish and Wildlife Service. 
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Sources of Information: 

Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality. “Oklahoma Department of Environmental 

Quality Annual Report.” 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.deq.state.ok.us/mainlinks/AR2001/2001AR-6.pdf

US Coast Guard Department of Homeland Security. “Year in Review FY2001-FY2002.” 

National Pollution Funds Center. 2001-2002. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.uscg.mil/hq/npfc/Documents/PDFs/year_in_review_01_02.pdf

USEPA. “Parawax Refinery.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0601121

USEPA. “Pollution Reports (Polreps).” 13 April 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://yosemite1.epa.gov/r6/polreps.nsf/0/4fcdffbf71f264ba86256bd500759c28?OpenDo

cument

USEPA. “Pollution Reports (Polreps).” 9 March 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://yosemite1.epa.gov/r6/polreps.nsf/0/cb609b4a768195ed86256bd50074d2b5?OpenD

ocument

USEPA Region 6. “State, Federal, Local and Tribal Agencies Partners in Cleanup Project.” 15 

November 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/b0789fb70f8ff03285257029006e3880/bb09f4f

c701020ac852570d6005e7dc1!OpenDocument

Additional Contacts: 

James Mullins (OSC) (214) 665-2273

Philip Ofosu (SAM) (214) 665-3178

Susan Webster (OSC) (214) 665-6784

Rita R. Kottke (Oklahoma DEQ) (405) 702-5127
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Site Name: Peck Iron and Metal

EPA ID No.: VAN000306115

Address: 3850 Elm Street, Portsmouth, VA, 23704

County: Portsmouth City

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: VAN000306115

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From 1945 to 1999, Peck Iron and 

Metal (Peck Iron) purchased, processed, stored, and shipped metal scrap from various military 

bases; federal, state, and local government agencies; and local businesses. The Department of 

Defense (DOD) processed and sold scrap metal to Peck Iron that was acquired from various 

military bases and Navy yards. Other large, nongovernmental sellers to Peck Iron included 

Virginia Electric and Power, various railroads, landfills (sources of white goods [household 

appliances] and miscellaneous scrap), and nearby ship repair facilities. Scrap metal handled at 

the facility included damaged and obsolete equipment, attachments, parts, and other 

miscellaneous materials, including scrapped naval vessels. Some of these scrap materials 

contained cadmium (automobile parts), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) (insulated wire, 

gaskets, fluorescent lights and transformer oils), and lead (scrapped bridge sections and 

automobile batteries). PCB-containing transformers were disassembled at the facility and the 

wires were burned to remove insulation. The facility is currently inactive.

The 33-acre site is situated in a mixed residential and industrial area in the tidewater region of 

southeastern Virginia bordered in part by Paradise Creek, a tributary to the Southern Branch of 

the Elizabeth River and Chesapeake Bay. The site’s historical usage as a salvage operation 

resulted in the improper storage and disposal of hazardous substances and the consequent release 

of these hazardous substances into the environment. Assessments conducted of the site between 

2003 and 2006 indicate that concentrations of semi-volatile organic compounds, metals, PCBs, 

and pesticides in soil and sediment exceed various risk-based screening levels. PCBs and lead 

are the primary contaminants of concern due to their extreme concentrations. 

PCBs and lead have been detected in a wetland on the southwest border of facility and the bank 

of Paradise Creek, which is a human food chain fishery and is used for recreation activities, 

including swimming, boating, crabbing, and fishing.

The site was proposed to the National Priorities List on April 9, 2009, and was finalized on the 

NPL on November 4, 2009.
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Description of Contamination: Numerous investigations conducted at the Peck Iron facility 

have identified high concentrations of PCB and lead in surface soils on site. The highest 

concentrations of PCBs were found in the southern portion of the property. Analytical results 

indicate that much of the soil on site has lead concentrations up to 1,000 milligrams per kilogram 

(mg/kg), and a small area of soil in the southern portion of the property has shown lead 

concentrations exceeding 10,000 mg/kg. Extensive PCB investigations conducted in 2005 

sampled the facility using a 50 by 50-foot grid system. The investigation studied samples 

collected from nearly 21 acres of surface soil (0 to 18 inches below ground surface) and from 

approximately seven acres of subsurface soil (18 to 36 inches below ground surface). Based on 

the investigations, PCB concentrations were estimated in surface soils as follows: 11 acres – less 

than 10 mg/kg; 8 acres – between 10 and 100 mg/kg; and 2 acres – greater than 100 mg/kg. PCB 

concentrations in subsurface soils were estimated at a similar distribution: 4 acres – less than 10 

mg/kg; 2 acres – between 10 and 100 mg/kg; and 1 acre – greater than 100 mg/kg.

Limited sediment sampling conducted in Paradise Creek revealed PCB concentrations ranging 

from 0.001 to 17 mg/kg. 

To eliminate the possibility of exposure of trespassers, incidental, or recreational-use individuals 

to hazardous substances from the Peck Iron property, a chain link fence with a locked gate was 

installed in 2003 near the northwest corner of the facility. Though a tenant currently leases a 

small portion of the property along the western border, the remainder of the property is currently 

vacant. Accumulations of scrap metal and miscellaneous debris are present in a number of areas 

throughout the property.

No formal response activities have been conducted to date. Multiple sampling events have been 

conducted at the request of the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and U.S.EPA 

Region 6. Sampling activities were conducted in 2005 and in 2007.

While the Site is moving through the CERCLA process, it is expected that the Remedial Program 

will continue to monitor and survey the site to determine if migration of contamination and the 

immediate threat of significant release presents an unreasonable risk. If the threat of significant 

release is observed, immediate action may be taken to further stabilize or remediate the site.

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Peck Iron and Metal. Accessed 

Online. November 2011:
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http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100179

37278

2. USEPA. Hazardous Ranking System. Documentation Record. Peck Iron and Metal. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/docrec/pdoc1795.pdf

3. USEPA. Mid-Atlantic Superfund Site Summary. Peck Iron and Metal. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/VAN000306115.htm

4. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Peck Iron and Metal. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1795.htm

5. USEPA. On-Scene Coordinator Website. Peck and Iron Metal Site. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=2586
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Site Information

Site Name: PECO Energy Company (Exelon)

EPA ID No.: PAD000731026

Address: Jeffrey Street and Delaware Avenue, Chester PA 19013

County: Delaware

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The PECO Energy Company site is a 

90-acre site bordering the Delaware River. Prior site uses include coal-fired electricity 

generation, coke and steel production, industrial chemical and resin manufacturing, and 

hazardous waste recycling. The Pennsylvania Industrial Chemical Company (PICCO) operated 

its settling basin for resin disposal until 1981, when PECO removed 5,000 cubic yards of 

resinous material. Chem Clear operated its hazardous waste treatment and recycling facility 

between 1977 and 1989.

Description of Contamination: Most contamination is on 17 acres of the site where resin 

manufacturing and hazardous waste recycling activities took place. The Chem Clear recycling 

hazardous waste operation was responsible for some of the contamination. On-site soil is 

composed of fill containing resins and tar fragments. Contaminants include BTEX (benzene, 

toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), light non-aqueous 

phase liquids (LNAPLs), and heavy metals. Onsite groundwater is contaminated with BTEX, 

PAHs, LNAPL, and semi-volatile organic compounds. Groundwater contamination led to sheens 

of BTEX and PAHs spreading onto the surface of the Delaware River. Of the 90 acres, 17 are 

currently under a RCRA Agreement to construct a remedy for past hazardous waste activities. 

The remainder of the site was characterized under Pennsylvania’s Land Recycling and 

Environmental Remediation Standards Act (“Act 2"). USEPA, the Pennsylvania Department of 

Environmental Protection (PADEP) and PECO worked together to develop a plan to remediate 

the entire site. 

Sources of Information:

Dao, Khai M. (EPA Region 8) (215) 814-5467, Interview 11/18/2005.

USEPA. “Peco Energy Co Gould Chemclear.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 

2006. 
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USEPA. “Redevelopment and Reuse Fact Sheet PECO Energy (Philadelphia Electric Company) 

Chester, PA.” (n.d.). 22 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/pdf/peco.pdf

USEPA. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility Peco Energy Co., Chester 

Facility.” (n.d.). 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/pa/pdf/pad000731026.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Khai M. Dao (EPA Region 3 Contact) (215) 814-5467 or -5761, dao.khai@epa.gov

Renee Gelblat (RCRA Project Manager) (215) 814-3421, gelblat.renee@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Pellestar Limited

EPA ID No.: MIN000508651

Address: 1201 County Road 492, Negaunee Township, MI 49866

County: Marquette

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 508651

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Pellestar Limited property is an 

abandoned industrial property located in an industrial area in Marquette County between 

Negaunee and Marquette, Michigan. Previous owners had used the property for research and 

development of pelletizing technologies and for metal recovery. Operations included the 

recycling of arc furnace dust, arc furnace waste oxides, flue dust, caustic ash, mill scale, plating 

sludge, medical sharps, automobile air bag inflators, and used oil filters. After Pellestar, Ltd., 

closed down metal recovery operations in 1997, Marquette County, Michigan took possession of 

the property.

The property covers 18 acres and contains various buildings from previous industrial activities. 

There are four wastewater treatment lagoons on the northern part of the property. Lagoons 1, 2, 

and 3 were lined; however, lagoon 4 was unlined. There is an abandoned well on the property 

located near the northwest corner of the main building. 

Description of Contamination: 11,474 tons of soil contaminated with heavy metals were 

disposed of at Marquette County landfill. Four aboveground storage tanks (ASTs), 209 drums, 

48 pails, 28 mercury switches, 250 small containers, and 15 compressed cylinders were also 

disposed. 

A November 4, 2003 Federal Register Notice details a compromise for payment of past response 

costs incurred in connection with the Pellestar site. Included in the agreement are the following 

settling parties: Carpenter Technology Corporation; Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company; General 

Motors Corporation; Howmet Corporation; Ispat Inland Inc.; Technology Development 

Corporation and its subsidiaries, including Pellet Technology Corporation; and TRW Vehicle 

Safety Systems, Inc. The settlement requires the settling parties to perform a removal action at 

the site and reimburse USEPA for its costs incurred after April 1, 2003 to the Hazardous 

Substance Superfund. Past costs (USEPA costs incurred prior to April 1, 2003) in the amount of 

$118,328 are being compromised in consideration of the settling parties' commitment to perform 

the removal and pay all costs after April 1, 2003.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information: 

Federal Register (Volume 68, Number 213). Page 62454. “Proposed CERCLA Administrative 

Cost Recovery Settlement; Pellestar Site, Negaunee, MI.” 4 November 2003. 15 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2003/November/Day-04/f27676.htm

Michigan Department of Community Health. “Health Consultation Report: Pellastar Limited.” 

29 January 2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/pellestar/pel_toc.html

USEPA. “Pellestar.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002437809

USEPA. “Pellestar.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.) 17 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/pellestar

USEPA. “Pellestar.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0508651

Additional Contacts: 

Brian Kelly (OSC) kelly.brian@epa.gov (734) 692-767
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Site Information:

Site Name: Petrochem Recycling Corp./Ekotek Plant

EPA ID No.: UTD093119196

Address: 1628 N Chicago St., Salt Lake City, UT 84116

County: Salt Lake

NPL Site: Deleted: 6/30/2003

In CERCLIS Database: 0800649

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: This Superfund site is located in the 

northern section of Salt Lake City. It was originally owned and operated as an oil refinery by 

O.C. Allen Oil Company from 1953 to 1968. In 1968, Flinco, Inc. purchased the facility and 

operated the refinery until 1978. During that time, Flinco changed its name to Bonus 

International Corp. In 1978, Axel Johnson, Inc. acquired the facility and operated it through its 

Delaware-based subsidiary, Ekotek, Inc. This subsidiary converted the site into a hazardous 

waste storage, treatment, and petrochemical recycling facility. In 1981, the facility changed 

ownership but retained the name Ekotek, Inc., based in Utah. Ekotek declared bankruptcy in 

November 1987. Petrochem Recycling Corp. leased the facility in 1987 from Ekotek and 

continued operations until February 1988. The facility received a final RCRA permit in July 

1987, which expired in July 1989. 

The Ekotek bankruptcy estate remains the current site owner. The facility was permitted to 

manage hazardous wastes, though the nature and extent of the petrochemical recycling operation 

is not known. After operations ceased at this facility ownership was unknown. 

Cleanup expenditure spent on this site in 2004 equaled $4,032,359.38. 

Description of Contamination: Contaminants associated with on-site sources include a wide 

range of organic substances such as chlorinated solvents and other volatile organic compounds, 

polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, pesticides, Aroclor 1260, dioxin and furans, and 

heavy metals. An emergency surface removal addressed 1,200 drums and 1,500 smaller 

containers, 3 surface impoundments, an underground drain field, numerous piles and pits of 

waste materials, underground tanks, incineration furnaces, and contaminated soils. It is unknown 

from which phase of the operation the contamination occurred.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 8. “Petrochem Recycling Corporation/Ekotek Plant.” May 2003. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region8/superfund/sites/ut/pchem.html.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Petrochem Recycling Corp./Ekotek Plant.” 27 

September 1996. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0896901.pdf.

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Petrochem Recycling Corporation/Ekotek Plant.” 7 October 

2004. 17 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1315.htm.

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 19 January 2006.

USEPA. “Petrochem Recycling Corp./Ekotek Plant.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 

2006. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0800649

White, Jack (EPA Region 8), 303-312-6707, Interview 12/8/2005.

Additional Contacts:

Rebecca Thomas, USEPA, (303) 312-6552 

Jack White, USEPA, (303) 312-6707
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Phelps Dodge New Cornelia Branch Facility

EPA ID No.: AZD081687063

Address: HWY 85 South; Ajo, AZ 85321 

County: Pima

NPL Site No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Phelps Dodge New Cornelia 

Branch Facility is a copper mine in the vicinity of Ajo, Arizona, approximately 130 miles west of 

Tucson. On May 23, 1994, the Sheriffs Department investigated a complaint about smoke rising 

from the Phelps Dodge Slag Pile. Officers observed two piles of burning wire. Phelps Dodge had 

an independent contractor that performed various salvage activities, such as recycling and 

disposing of scrap metal, including insulated copper wire. 

Description of Contamination: On June 22, 1994, at the request of the County Attorney’s 

Office and the Sheriffs Department, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) 

staff conducted a hazardous waste inspection at the Phelps Dodge Slag Pile. ADEQ collected 

nine soil samples from the burn areas, all from within six inches of the surface. Three 

contaminants of concern were identified; cadmium, chromium, and lead. Six of the samples 

collected demonstrated levels of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) for lead 

over the regulatory limit, and one sample demonstrated levels of TCLP for cadmium over the 

regulatory limit. Based on the analyses conducted, ADEQ determined that there was reason to 

believe that the slag pile itself was contaminated from the open burning and open dumping of 

insulated copper wire.

On May 12, 1995, ADEQ issued a Notice of Violation to the independent contractor working for 

Phelps Dodge that required removal of contaminated soils to a licensed TSD facility and that the 

use of all equipment used in copper wire burning be discontinued. Although Phelps Dodge 

reportedly did not approve of the copper wire burning at the site, the company agreed to address 

the residual impacts of the burning and excavated additional material that was treated as 

hazardous waste, stored in containers, and shipped to a TSD facility. Phelps Dodge subsequently 

conducted sampling of the excavated areas, and submitted a Voluntary Environmental Mitigation 

Use Restriction to ADEQ because the soil remediation levels were not considered to be 

protective of residential use.

Phelps Dodge determined that there was no likelihood that ground water could be impacted due 

to the absence of ground water in the area. The nearest ground water drinking wells are five 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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miles from the site. Phelps Dodge pumps ground water from a depth of 800 feet from a well field 

six miles north of the site.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “Damage Cases and Environmental Releases from Mines and Mineral Processing 

Sites.” 1997. 28 January 2008. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ldr/mine/damg3-

97.pdf
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Site Name: Pick-Your-Part Auto Recyclers

EPA ID No.: CAL000266823

Address: 1903 Blinn Avenue, Wilmington, CA, 90744

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Pick-Your-Part Auto Recyclers (PickYour-Part), located in Wilmington, California, at the Port of Los Angeles, is the largest selfservice auto recycler in Southern California. The salvage yard was the site of a fire in June 2010, 

in which flammable liquid ignited as scrap metal was being moved by employees. In addition, 

U.S. EPA commenced proceedings against the salvage yard in 2002 for violations of its National 

Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit. 

Description of Contamination: On Saturday June 5, 2010 at approximately 11:30 AM, a fire 

broke out at the Pick-Your-Part salvage yard. Employees at the salvage yard were apparently 

moving salvaged metals when flammable liquids ignited, sparking the blaze. The fire sent up a 

huge plume of smoke near the Port of Los Angeles. The smell of burnt rubber and metal could be 

detected as far away as Carson, ten miles to the north. The fire took 32 hours for firefighters to 

extinguish. Sixteen fire companies and four rescue teams, totaling 103 firefighters, responded to 

the fire. At its peak, the fire was said to be as long as a football field and 20- 25 feet high.

Sampling revealed light hydrocarbons (C2 and C3) were elevated in all the downwind samples 

relative to typical ambient air. For benzene, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and 

Health Recommended Exposure Limit is 100 ppb. The highest reading obtained at the scene of 

the incident was 27 ppb. For 1,3-butadiene, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Permissible Exposure Limit is 1,000 ppb, and the highest measured downwind concentration was 

12 ppb. Measured concentrations of toluene, xylenes, and styrene also were well below healthbased criteria.

The two canister samples collected immediately adjacent to the fire and in the plume showed 

hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons concentrations were much higher than typical 

outdoor levels. At these levels, anyone in the immediate vicinity of the fire could have 

experienced respiratory irritation without adequate protection from these pollutants as well as 

fine particles in smoke. At the levels measured, one would not expect irreversible health impacts. 

Local communities were not expected to be exposed to concentrations measured in the smoke 

sample due to plume buoyancy and dispersion.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information:

1. Coalition for a Safe Environment TV. YouTube. Pick Your Part Junkyard Fire. Accessed 

Online. December 2011: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86uPrSXeP5M

2. Federal Registry. Clean Water Act Class II: Proposed Administrative Penalty 

Assessments and Opportunities To Comment Regarding Pick Your Part Auto Wrecking--

Chula Vista; Pick Your Part Auto Wrecking--Help Yourself; Pick Your Part Auto 

Wrecking--Santa Paula; Pick Your Part Auto Wrecking--Sun Valley; Pick Your Part 

Auto Wrecking—Wilmington. Friday, November 1, 2002. Accessed Online. December 

2011: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2002-11-01/html/02-27831.htm

3. KTLA News. Scrap Yard Fire Extinguished After Burning 32 Hours. June 6, 2010. 

Accessed Online. December 2011:http://www.ktla.com/news/landing/ktla-wilmingtonfire,0,1746710.story

4. Pick your Part Auto Recycler Website. Accessed Online. December 2011: 

http://www.pickyourpart.com/

5. South Coast Air Quality Management District. Summary of Levels of Air Pollutants 

Measured in Neighborhoods Near Saturday’s Fire at Pick-Your-Part. Accessed Online. 

December 2011: http://www.aqmd.gov/news1/2010/PickYourPart1.pdf

6. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Pick Your Part. Accessed 

Online. December 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=CAL0

00266823&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=BR
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Pittsburgh Metal & Equipment

EPA ID No.: NJD000540062 or NJD981490295

Address: 41-59 Aetna Street (Foot), Jersey City, NJ 07302

County: Hudson

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0201097

Description of Recycling Operation: A former smelting facility that operated for 

approximately thirty-five years, receiving used metal and dross from a number of clients, 

including those in the printing industries.

This site did not hold a RCRA Part B permit. 

Description of Contamination: USEPA confirmed contamination at the site as high as 15 

percent lead in the top two feet of soil. Other hazardous substances at the site include cadmium, 

antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, silver, zinc, and PCBs.

As a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous substances, USEPA has undertaken 

response actions at or in connection with the Site under section 104 of CERCLA, 42 U.S.C. 

9604. Under the terms of the Agreement, the de minimis Settling Parties will pay a total of 

approximately $370,000.00 to reimburse USEPA for clean up costs. incurred at the Site. In 

addition, a New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection document lists USEPA 

emergency clean up costs in 2000 amounting to $2,864,000.

Sources of Additional Information:

Federal Register (Volume 70, Number 97) Page 29312-29313. “Proposed Settlement Under 

Section 122(g) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and 

Liability Act Regarding the Pittsburgh Metal and Equipment Superfund Site, Jersey City, 

NJ.” 20 May 2005. 24 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2005/May/Day-20/f10147.htm

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “NJ Publicly Funded Cleanups Site Status 

Report 2000: Remedial Action/Construction projects completed in 2000.” 18 

January 2006. 

http://www.nj.gov/dep/srp/publications/site_status/2000/html/2000intro05.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Pittsburgh Metals & Graphics.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0201097

USEPA. “Pittsburgh Metals & Graphics.” RCRAInfo. 26 November 2001. 20 January 2006.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Poly-Cycle, Industries Tecula 

EPA ID No.: TXT490012689

Address: FM 2064 and CR 4216, Tecula, TX

County: Cherokee

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Description of Recycling Operation: Prior to May 1982, and up to January 1990, Poly-Cycle 

Industries, Inc., Tecula operated as a recycler of lead from lead acid batteries. They also recycled 

plastic and rubber chips from ground up battery cases. The site is now inactive and abandoned.

The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The facility came under intense scrutiny after 1983 when a 

physician notified OSHA of a worker seriously ill with lead intoxication. OSHA documented 

approximately 24 cases of lead poisoning between October 1983 and August 1989. In 1983, the 

site received contaminated soil from a nearby Poly-Cycle operation in Jacksonville. In 1984 lead 

contamination was documented in soils at 281,000 parts per million. Additional analysis in 1986 

documented 350,000 part per million of lead in soils. Although numerous violation notices were 

issued, the owner failed to abide by orders or agreements to cease operations or to reduce the 

hazard. Finally, in 1991, USEPA was granted court authority to enter the site and abate the 

substantial endangerment. USEPA excavated nine acres of contaminated soil, constructed two 

temporary buildings and filled them with 2,200 bags, each with 1.7 cubic yards of contaminated 

soil. The remaining contaminated soil was consolidated in a stockpile and covered with a twofoot soil cap that was seeded. The soil cap has since eroded. The results of February 2000 soil 

sampling showed lead still to be a matter of concern. List of contaminants include metals.

Sources of Information Contacts:

EPA Region 6. “POLREP No. 1 (Polycycle - Tecula - Supersack disposal).” (n.d.). 21 January 

2006. 

http://yosemite1.epa.gov/r6/polreps.nsf/0/837f6da1585633d286256ab80059864f?OpenD

ocument.

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Poly-Cycle Industries, Tecula.” 5 January 2005. 

21 January 2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/polycycltecula.html.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Poly-Cycle Industries Inc. Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

21 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100109

35417.

USEPA. “Poly Cycle Industries Inc.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Alonzo Arredondo (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2145 or (800) 633-

9363, aarredon@tceq.state.tx.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Progressive Marketing Group, Inc. (PMG Finishing)

EPA ID No.:

Address: 4701 L.B. McLeod Road, Orlando, FL 32811

County: Hennepin

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In 1988, the Hennepin County 

Department of Environment and Energy notified the Florida Department of Environmental 

Protection (FDEP) that PMG Finishing purchased 500 gallons of paint for $5.00. Possible 

fraudulent recycling activities were investigated. PMG had just begun metal finishing operations 

in Orlando and identified the material as usable product. PMG went out of business around 1990. 

In October, 1994, a semi-trailer containing numerous drums and containers of waste solvents, 

corrosives and paints was found abandoned along side a roadway in Marion County, Florida. 

Labels on some containers identified PMG as a source. FDEP incurred $26,469 in disposal costs. 

Description of Contamination: Unknown

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner, FDEP, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us, 850-245-2285
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Queen City Barrel Co. 

EPA ID No.: OHD004477634

Address: 1937 South Street, Cincinnati, OH 45204

County: Hamilton

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 505978

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Queen City Barrel Emergency 

Response site consists of a 400,000-square-foot warehouse commonly referred to as the "Lawson 

Building." E. Paul Corporation owns the Lawson Building. Queen City Barrel Company (QCB) 

owns a container reconditioning facility that adjoins the Lawson Building to the north and west. 

Since at least 1998, QCB has leased the Lawson Building and used it for drum and container 

storage, fiber drum reconditioning, and equipment and maintenance storage. Since at least 1998, 

a portion of the Lawson Building has also been leased to a wooden pallet reconditioner, C&H 

Pallet Company. In March 1984, the site was issued a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: On August 19, 2004 at approximately 6:30 p.m., a fire ignited 

in the Lawson Building. At the time of the fire, the warehouse contained thousands of fiber, 

plastic, and metal drums and other containers. The following chemicals were detected in the 

Whateley Street smoke plume: acetone, 2-butanone (methyl ethyl ketone), tetrahydrofuran, 

heptane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and xylene. Drums were noted to be burned, 

partially burned, and in varying stages of deterioration due to the fire, which was still 

smoldering. Drums were observed within the fire area, as well as in other parts of the building 

that were immediately adjacent to the fire areas. Drums were stacked three high in several areas 

of the building's upper level. As of March 25, 2005, approximately 28,436 empty drums have 

been removed from the drum storage building. A total of 12,971 drums containing liquid and 

solid wastes were staged, sampled, and hazard categorized for off-site disposal. 

In addition, in February 2004, Ohio EPA reached a settlement with Queen City Barrel Co. for 

violating air pollution control regulations at its drum reconditioning facility. The company 

agreed to pay a $26,625 civil penalty and shut down a coating line that will result in the 

reduction of 1.6 tons per year of volatile organic compounds to the air. Between October 30, 

2000, and August 13, 2002, HCDES inspectors documented that Queen City Barrel failed to 

conduct air emissions tests on time or file adequate paperwork to document the effectiveness of 

the company's pollution control devices. On October 25, 2002, the company submitted 

paperwork documenting times that complete air pollution control equipment records were not 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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kept. On October 22, 2003, HCDES investigated an odor complaint in the Lower Price Hill area. 

The inspection determined that Queen City Barrel was operating an unpermitted steel drum 

coating line. In addition to paying the fine, Queen City Barrel agreed to stop operating the 

exterior drum coating line that was the source of the October 2003 odor complaint and conduct 

tests of the emissions control devices in the presence of HCDES staff. The company has since 

tested its air emissions and is in compliance with all applicable air laws and regulations. 

Sources of Information: 

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. “Cincinnati Company Agrees to Pay $26,625 for Air 

Pollution Violations; Will Stop One Painting Operation.” 20 February 2004. 22 January 

2006. http://www.epa.state.oh.us/pic/nr/2004/february/qcb.html

USEPA. “Queen City Barrel.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 22 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0505978

USEPA. “Queen City Barrel.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.) 22 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/queencitybarrel

USEPA. “Queen City Barrel.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Reports of Significant Developments and Activities Ending on September 10, 2004.” 

EPA Region 5. 17 September 2004. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5superfund/significant_actions/2004/040910.txt

Additional Contacts:

Steven Renninger (OSC) (513) 569-7539 renninger.steven@epa.gov

An additional list of contacts can be found at the following link: 

http://www.epaosc.net/contact_list.asp?site_id=R5ZZ
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: Quicksilver Products, Inc.

EPA ID No.: CAD981424732

Address: 200 Valley Dr Ste 1, Brisbane, CA 94005

County: San Mateo

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Quicksilver Products, Inc. operated a 

mercury recycling facility, including fluorescent/mercury lamps and mercury-contaminated 

debris, from 1988 to 1995. Their lamps were crushed outside in a unit mounted on top of a 55 

gallon drum. An air separation system was used to remove the phosphor powder and mercury 

from the glass. The facility was closed down for violations of safe operating practices. 

In 1999, the San Mateo County District Attorney‘s Office held a hearing on Mr. Ritchie Vaughn, 

former owner/operator of the Quicksilver Products, regarding his probation violation stemming 

from his failure to initiate facility closure following his hazardous waste facility permit 

revocation. Mr. Vaughn admitted his violation, was placed back on probation by the Court, and 

was given an additional probation condition of 300 hours of public service work, which must be 

environmentally related.

Quicksilver received a Part B RCRA permit on August 7, 1989; however, it expired. 

Description of Contamination: Extensive contamination was found around the facility; high 

concentrations of mercury were measured in the soil, rinse water, and on a nearby roof. The 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) conducted an investigation and 

cleanup of the site and is now seeking recovery of its costs. 

In 1999, DTSC identified Berkeley Lab as one of the parties potentially responsible for these 

costs because it once sent fluorescent/mercury lamps and mercury-contaminated debris to the 

Quicksilver site. Berkeley Lab and other potentially responsible parties are negotiating allocation 

of the cleanup costs with DTSC.

Sources of Information: 

Berkeley Lab. “Environmental Program Summary 3: Environmental Restoration 

(Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980; 

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Program).”
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-379

17 January 2006. http://www.lbl.gov/ehs/esg/00ser/00serchp3.html

Emissions Standards Division prepared by EC/R Incorporated. “EPA Evaluation of Mercury 

Emissions from Fluorescent Lamp Crushing. February 1994. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/catc/dir1/mercury.doc

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005.

USEPA. “Quicksilver Products, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000610027

USEPA. “Quicksilver Products, Inc.” RCRAInfo. 27 June 2002. 18 January 2006.

USEPA. “Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Site Progress Profile: 

Quicksilver Products, Inc.” (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAD981424732

Additional Contacts:

Ritchey Vaughn (Public) 415-468-2000
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: R. Lavin and Sons

EPA ID No.: ILN000508448

Address: 2028 S. Sheridan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064

County: Lake 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0508448

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site operated as a secondary brass 

smelter since 1941 and comprises approximately 17.5 acres surrounded by residential and 

commercial land-uses. A variety of copper and brass scraps were imported from off-site sources, 

melted and refined, poured into ingots, and shipped to customers. The facility has been upgraded 

several times in response to enforcement actions by the state of Illinois including, installation of 

several baghouses, improvement of a closed-loop, cooling water recirculating system, and 

implementation of surface run-off containment and control measures. 

Description of Contamination: Areas of concern on site include three open top storage tanks, 

two retention ponds, process water pit and numerous baghouses, containing elevated levels of 

lead, cadmium, copper and zinc. State studies have indicated significant downstream 

contamination of Pettibone Creek with copper, lead and zinc. 

Releases of contaminants to the storm sewer as a result of recycling operations have been and 

continue to be an ongoing problem at this site. 

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “R Lavin and Sons.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0508448

USEPA. “R Lavin and Sons.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 16 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000429812

USEPA. “R Lavin and Sons.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.) 16 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/RLAVIN 

Additional Contacts:

Bradley Benning, benning.bradley@epa.gov

Cynthia Kawakami, kawakami.cynthia@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-381

Site Name: Raleigh Street Dump

EPA ID No.: FLD984227249

Address: West End of Raleigh Street, Tampa, FL, 33619

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: FLD984227249

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Raleigh Street Dump Site (RSDS) 

is a five acre site located in Tampa, Florida. The site is split into a northern section and a 

southern section. The northern section of the site is an unfenced and undeveloped area with 

evidence of previous use as a landfill. The southern section is currently occupied by Tampa 

Fiberglass, a company that manufactures fiberglass tanks and other products. There is evidence 

that the buildings on this developed part of the site were constructed after dumping and 

landfilling had already taken place. 

Evidence indicates that the RSDS was used as a landfill area for battery casings, furnace slag, 

and other debris, starting around 1977 and continuing into the mid-1980s, with the majority of 

dumping occurring in the northern portion. The site was discovered during a 1980 investigation 

of Chloride Metals Inc., a nearby battery recycling facility that is believed to have transported 

waste material from recycling activities and landfilled it at the Raleigh Street site. Although 

Chloride Metals Inc. claims that battery case disposal was halted at the site in 1978, a nearby 

business owner reported disposal until 1980, and aerial photographs indicate that disposal could 

have occurred into the mid-1980s. 

The southern portion of the site was owned by a John Manfrin during the period of active 

disposal, and is now owned by Stephen and Patricia Cook. The northern portion was and is 

owned by the Atlantic Land and Improvement Company/CSX Transportation. Chloride Metals 

Inc is currently owned by the Exide Corporation which is in bankruptcy. 

In the late 1980s, Hillsborough County officials inspected improper disposal at the Tampa 

Fiberglass site, and issued a notice of violation (NOV) for improper disposal in 1988. The NOV 

was closed after cleanup in 1991. In 1994 a CERCLA site inspection was undertaken, and in 

1998 an Expanded Site Inspection was conducted for the U.S. EPA. Subsequent remedial 

investigations were undertaken by the U.S. EPA in 2001, 2002 and 2006, along with a feasibility 

study in 2007. These investigations resulted in the site being placed on the National Priorities 

List (NPL) in 2009, and a cleanup process is currently in negotiation. 

Description of Contamination: The northern section of the facility remains strewn with battery 

casings and other debris while the southern section shows less evidence of previous landfill 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-382

activities. Site investigations have found considerable contamination with a number of hazardous 

substances. In particular, metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and 

polychlorinated biphenyls all are in the soil above health-based risk levels. Some of the 

contaminants (particularly lead) also have been found in on-site surface water and shallow 

groundwater. Most contaminants are suspected to be related to the landfill activities at the site 

and the dumping of wastes from Chloride Metal’s battery recycling operation. Material was 

believed to have been dumped at the west end of the site and fanned out via bulldozing. This 

northern section is now overgrown with bush, trees and wetland. 

Early soil investigations at the site in the 1980s detected elevated levels of lead, arsenic, and 

antimony. Subsequent investigations, particularly a CERCLA inspection initiated by the Florida 

Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), have all found elevated contaminants 

primarily in the soil. Such investigations lead to the site’s addition to the NPL, because the FDEP 

was unable to come to a cleanup agreement with the responsible parties. While remedial 

investigation has been undertaken, the bankruptcy of Exide has delayed the process and no 

cleanups have yet begun. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry Systems. Facility Detail Report. Raleigh Street Dump. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100092

76292

2. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Raleigh Street Dump, Tampa, 

Florida Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1785.htm

3. USEPA. Region 4. Record of Decision. Summary of Remedial Alternative Selection. 

Raleigh Dump Site. June 2009. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r2009040003099.pdf

4. USEPA. Superfund (Cerclis). Query Results. Raleigh Street Dump. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclis_web.report?pgm_sys_id=FLD984227249

5. USEPA. Superfund Information Systems. Superfund Site Progress. Profile. Raleigh 

Street Dump. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0405795
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-383

Site Information

Site Name: Recyclights West LLC

EPA ID No.:

Address: Glendora, CA

County:

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Robert J. Roberts owned Recyclights 

West in Glendora, CA. Recyclights transported used fluorescent light tubes and high-intensity 

discharge lamps and advertised itself as a company that recycled "hazardous waste lamps" in 

compliance with United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations. Recyclights also 

promised customers, such as the Los Angeles Air Force Base and Camp Pendleton, that it would 

issue a Certificate of Recycling.

A grand jury indicted Robert J. Roberts on federal environmental and obstruction of justice 

charges for offering to properly dispose of fluorescent light tubes and other lamps that contained 

hazardous levels of lead and mercury, and then simply dumping these materials in storage 

lockers across Southern California. The indictment charges Roberts with one count of storing 

hazardous wastes without a permit, two counts of making a false statement to a criminal 

investigator with the Department of Defense, one count of obstructing justice, and one count of 

making a false statement to the United States Marine Corps Base, Camp Pendleton.

The indictment alleges that, rather than recycling lamps, Roberts rented self-storage units 

throughout Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties and simply dumped the waste fluorescent 

tubes and lamps at the self-storage locations. This case was investigated by the Office of 

Inspector General for the Department of Defense, the California Department of Toxic Substances 

Control and the United States Postal Inspection Service. 

Description of Contamination: When agents executed search warrants at approximately 30 

storage units, they found tens of thousands of lights that contained hazardous levels of lead and 

mercury. Investigators also learned that Roberts had stopped paying rent for the units.

Sources of Information: 

US Department of Justice. “Man Who Offered Hazardous Waste Recycling Allegedly Only 

Dumped Material In Storage Lockers.” Release No. 06-027. 3 March 2006. 5 March 2008. 

http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/cac/pressroom/pr2006/027.html
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-384

Site Information

Site Name: Red Jacket Salvage Yard

EPA ID No.: WVN000306116

Address: Mitchell Branch Rd., Red Jacket, WV 25692

County: Mingo

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 306116

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The abandoned 4-acre salvage yard was 

previously named Lacy’s Salvage Yard and contains an ash pile from previous smelter 

operations. The site contains two small ash piles that cover about 10 feet by 4 feet in total area. 

The ash was created from a small aluminum smelter that operated at this site. The smelter was 

used to separate and collect aluminum from items such as old car parts. The concrete pad from 

the smelter remains at the site. One of the ash piles is on the concrete pad and the other is inside 

an old truck bed. 

Description of Contamination: The ash pile contains elevated levels of lead which were at risk 

of migrating into the adjacent soil and local waterways. Twenty-two tons of lead affected ash and 

soil were transported to a hazardous waste landfill in 2004. 

Sources of Information:

US Department of Health and Human Services. “Health Consultation: Incidental Ingestion 

Exposures to Chemicals from a Smelter: Red Jacket Salvage Yard Site A/K/A Lacy’s 

Salvage Yard.” 4 April 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/RedJacketSalvageYd/

RedJacketHC040405.pdf

USEPA. “Red Jacket Salvage Yard.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0306116.

USEPA. “Red Jacket Salvage Yard Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

18 January 2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/

fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=110017937303.

USEPA. “Red Jacket Salvage Yard.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/redjacketsalvageyard.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Additional Contacts:

Nicolas Brescia (OSC) brescia.nicolas@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-386

Site Information

Site Name: Red River Aluminum

EPA ID No.: AR0000605322

Address: US HWY 80 P.O. Box 99 Stamps, AR 71860

County: Lafayette

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0605322

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility is a bankrupt secondary 

smelter operation which extracted aluminum from the byproduct of conventional aluminum 

smelting. It reprocessed dross, an impure aluminum surface sum from the electrolytic cells of 

various primary aluminum smelters, to recover additional aluminum. The facility also processed 

recycled aluminum. The site has been abandoned for several years. It operated from 1988 to 

1998 or 1985 to 1997 (sources vary) during which time it generated a waste pile approximately 

175,000 cubic yards of aluminum dross and salt cake. 

Description of Contamination: The primary pollutants are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, 

and copper. During its operation, USEPA estimates more than 200,000 cubic yards of 

accumulated salt cake containing elevated levels of copper were exposed to the elements and 

contaminated nearby soil, surface water and threatened shallow ground water beneath the site. 

None of the pollutants are present in the groundwater at a level that causes a human health 

concern. On Nov. 7, 2000, USEPA began taking action at the site to eliminate the most 

immediate environmental threats posed by the exposed saltcake materials containing elevated 

levels of copper. Immediate action was taken to prevent the copper contaminated runoff from 

adversely affecting nearby streams and marshes, which also prevented saltcake from being 

blown by heavy winds into nearby residential areas. ADEQ Director Richard A. Weiss said that 

the State of Arkansas and USEPA successfully worked together to secure the site and address the 

most pressing public health concerns, and added that the federal government's expenditure of $2 

million was vital to halting contamination of the environment surrounding the site. 

Residents allege that site-related contaminants might have caused the following health 

conditions: diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer (no type specified), skin, eye, and respiratory 

tract irritation, asthma, and skin rashes. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-387

Sources of Information: 

Arkansas Department of Health under agreement with Agency for Toxic Substance & Disease 

Registry. “Health Consultation, Assessment of Indoor Air in Residences Adjacent to the 

Red River Aluminum Site in Stamps, Arkansas” 17 July 2003. 16 January 2006.

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/redriver/rra_p1.html#back

USEPA. “Cleanup Effort at Red River Aluminum Complete.” 11 October 2001. 16 January 

2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/7474083079d775f8852570d6005e7dbe?Ope

nDocument

USEPA. “Red River Aluminum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 16 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605322

USEPA. “Red River Aluminum.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=11000114924

USEPA. “Red River Aluminum Site Cleanup Begins.” 8 November 2000. 24 January

2006.http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/0290c4651fdf42e2852570d6005e7d9f?

OpenDocument

Additional Contacts: 

Philip Ofosu (SAM) (214) 665-3178

Susan Webster (OSC) (214) 665-6784
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-388

Site Information

Site Name: Refined Metals Corporation

EPA ID No.: TND067690040

Address: 257 West Mallory Avenue, Memphis, TN 38109

County: Shelby

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Refined Metals Corporation was a lead 

smelter. In 1990 and 1991 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) violations at this 

facility were recorded by monitors near the facility. As a result USEPA designated the portion of 

Memphis in Shelby County, Tennessee, around the Refined Metals Corporation secondary lead 

smelter as a lead nonattainment area on January 6, 1992. In 1996, USEPA conducted an 

inspection of this facility and found that violations were due to compliance issues (i.e., poor 

housekeeping methods). During the second quarter of 1998, a violation of the lead NAAQS 

occurred in the Shelby County nonattainment area. Subsequently, the MSCHD issued a Notice of 

Violation giving Refined Metals, Inc. options to surrender all of its permits or pay a fine and 

conduct extensive remodeling of the facility. Refined Metals, Inc. chose to surrender all of its 

permits and shutdown permanently on December 22, 1998. As a result, the 1994 submittal was 

no longer applicable and MSCHD withdrew and replaced it with a new submittal dated March 

17, 2000.

The site was issued a RCRA permit in September 2002. 

Description of Contamination: Unknown

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). October 2005.

Federal Register 65: 56794-56797. “Approval and Promulgation of the Implementation Plan for 

the Shelby County, Tennessee Lead Nonattainment Area.” 20 September 2000. 21 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/2000/September/Day20/a24042.htm

USEPA. “RCRA Site Progress Profile - Refined Metals Corporation.” 10 December 2005. 21 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcra_profile.getmain?p_handler_id=TND067690040.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-389

USEPA. “Refined Metals Corporation.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 21 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000374112.

USEPA. “Refined Metals Corporation.” RCRA Info. 16 October 2002. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Matt Love Dustin (610) 921-4063
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-390

Site Information

Site Name: Reflex Recycling

EPA ID No.: WAD980978142

Address: 2432 E 11th St, Tacoma, WA 

County: Pierce

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Reflex Recycling stored and recycled 

hazardous waste in the printing industry. It shut down in 2000 after breaking more than 50 

environmental regulations. The Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) spent 

approximately $150,000 for an emergency removal and disposal of nearly 250 drums of oily 

waste. The site is currently fenced and secure, but has not yet gone through proper investigation 

and cleanup. There was no approved financial instrument in place to fund closure costs. A letter 

from a consultant to Ecology estimated closure costs at $103,000, but provided no basis for the 

estimate.

Description of Contamination: Drums containing unidentifiable waste solutions that consisted 

of benzene and tetrachloroethylene were found on site as well as waste stored on a cracked floor. 

In 2001, 32,000 gallons of hazardous waste were removed from the site. In March 2001, it was 

confirmed that the ground water on site contains small amounts of hexavalent chromium. In 

2005, Reflex Recycling was removed from Washington’s Hazardous Sites List.

Sources of Information: 

Boyd, Andrew. Email to Amy Lile (USEPA Office of Solid Waste). 21 October 2005. 

Information from Washington Department of Ecology’s report to the state legislature in 

2002: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html

USEPA. “Reflex Recycling Corporation Multisystem Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse.

(n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000702455

Washington Department of Ecology, “Analysis of Cleanup Obligations and Costs for Hazardous 

Waste Management Facilities in Washington State - Final Report.” 29 January 2003. 18 

January 2006. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0304011.pdf.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-391

Washington Department of Ecology. “Washington’s Hazardous Sites List.” 23 February 2005. 

18 January 2006. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0509041d.pdf.

Washington Department of Ecology. “Ecology removes tons of hazardous waste in Tacoma, 

Vancouver.” 29 May 2001. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/news/2001news/2001-091.html.

Washington Department of Ecology. “Reflex Recycling Corporation fined $20,000 for 

Improperly Handling Waste.” 21 March 2000. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.ecy.wa.gov/news/2000news/2000-044.html.

Additional Contacts:

Sandy Howard (Washington Department of Ecology) (360) 407-6239

Kerri Graber (Washington Department of Ecology) (360) 407-0241, kgra461@ecy.wa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-392

Site Name: Re-Gen Inc.

EPA ID No.: OHR000041657

Address: 1040 Pine Ave. S.E., Warren, OH, 44483

County: Trumbull

NPL Site: Not on the NPL

In CERCLIS Database: Archived

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: International Steel Services, Inc. 

(International Steel) and it subsidiary Re‐Gen, Inc. (Re‐Gen) are the owner/operators of a 

hydrochloric acid regeneration and iron oxide production facility located at the RG Steel mill in 

Warren, Ohio. Hydrochloric acid regeneration and iron oxide production is a secondary industry 

associated with steel production. This is a hazardous waste reclamation process because 

hydrochloric acid is recovered from spent pickle liquor.

In December 1999, the Ohio EPA provided Re-Gen with a variance for its spent pickle liquor 

recovery system. Specifically, the variance allowed Re-Gen to take offsite spent pickle liquor 

without a storage permit. The recovery unit was exempted for onsite recycling of the steel mill's 

pickle liquor. Conditions of the variance required Re-Gen to operate and maintain all equipment 

for storage and reclamation of hazardous waste, to retain records of hazardous waste produced 

and managed, and to clean up and spills or releases associated with the process.

On December 13, 2004, the variance was terminated. On December 28, 2005, Ohio EPA 

inspected the site noting unusable residues of iron oxide from the reclamation process were 

stored in "supersacks," that the material had been disposed of on the ground in the area of the 

loading operations, and that Re-Gen failed to clean up the released material. This release, as well 

as other releases, and subsequent failure to clean up, led to the ultimate disposal of hazardous 

waste throughout the site. Tanks that held spent pickle liquor were found to be leaking (or 

evidence indicted previous leaks), and that many of the tanks displayed significant signs of 

corrosion due to improper maintenance of equipment. Re-Gen was ordered to pay a total civil 

penalty of $70,000 in a 2007 settlement.

In, 2011, the Attorney General of Ohio filed a complaint against the facility operators for the 

violations at the facility. The 13-count suit asked the court to order the companies to submit a 

closure plan, along with an estimate of the closure cost. In addition, the owner/operators would 

be required to do all necessary investigations and remedial activities and pay a civil penalty of 

$10,000 a day for each violation. Ohio EPA also sought financial assurance and liability 

coverage for the closure of the facility. The complaint also sought civil penalties as well as 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-393

injunctive relief to compel the facility to obtain the proper permit, submit the necessary reports, 

and pay the requisite fees. 

Description of Contamination: Re-Gen is accused of illegally disposing of hazardous waste 

(i.e., spent pickle liquor) at an unpermitted facility, failing to keep written operating records, 

failing to analyze the waste, failing to conduct routine inspections, and failing to have a 

contingency plan in the event of fire, explosion, or contamination. Data to characterize 

environmental contamination at the site are not available. However, past activities associated 

with the acid regeneration facility are the likely source of the low pH (<2.0) in groundwater.

Sources of Information:

1. Amended Complaint, State of Ohio vs. International Steel Service, Inc., and Re-Gen, 

Inc., Severstal Warren, Inc., RG Steel, LLC. July 6, 2011.

2. Beedle, Michael. US Environmental Protection Agency – Region 5. Personal 

communication (email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

August, 2011

3. Consent Order and Final Judgment, State of Ohio vs. International Steel Service, Inc., 

and Re-Gen, Inc. January, 15, 2009. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.state.oh.us/portals/27/enforcement/year_2009/ISSI_ReGen_CO_011509.pdf

4. Legal News Wire. International Steel Services, Inc., Walter Sieckman, Re-Gen, Inc., and 

Michael Sieckmann. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.legalnewsline.com/content/img/f198622/dann.pdf.

5. Everstal Warren Inc., Letter from Mark W. Clark, Manager, Environmental Control, 

Severstal Warren Inc. to Michelle Mullin, Corrective Action Project Manager, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5. July 23, 2010.

6. Tribune Chronicle, State sues mill owners Attorney general wants waste facility closed, 

May 28, 2011. Accessed Online. November, 2011: 

http://www.tribtoday.com/page/content.detail/id/557435/State-sues-mill-owners.html

7. U. S. EPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Re-Gen, Inc. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-394

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_detail.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=11002

4244708
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-395

Site Information

Site Name: Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation of NJ

EPA ID No.: NYD030485288

Address: 65 Ballard Road, Middletown, NY 10941

County Orange

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Revere Smelting and Refining 

Corporation of NJ, a subsidiary of Eco-Bat NY, LLC, recycles batteries and is still in operation. 

The 55-acre Revere site is located in a rural area, with about one-third of the site used for 

recycling operations. Revere receives and dismantles used batteries; dismantled batteries and 

other wastes are stored in a containment building. Lead-bearing materials are refined onsite in a 

high temperature smelter. Contamination occurred post-RCRA and it is possible that 

contamination may be occurring presently. 

A 1995 court ruling noted that Revere Smelting and Refining Corp. had filed with the New York 

State Department of Environmental Conservation staff letters of credit in the amount of 

$3,669,665. This facility received a RCRA permit on July 28, 1995. 

Description of Contamination: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, lead slag, battery pieces, and 

other lead-bearing wastes were buried onsite by Revere. Battery dismantling activities leaked 

acid into soil and groundwater, leaching lead from these buried wastes into the groundwater 

along with it. Lead-contaminated fill reaches depths of 20 feet in parts of the Revere site. Other 

onsite contaminants include cadmium, antimony and arsenic. In total, approximately 100,000 

cubic yards of soil was contaminated. Remediation of site soil and groundwater is underway.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2-Waste. “Hazardous Waste Cleanup Site Fact Sheet: Revere Smelting and 

Refining Corporation of NJ.” November 2003. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/waste/fsrevere.pdf

New York Department of Environmental Conservation. “Revere Smelting and Refining Corp

Ruling June 20, 1995.” 20 June 1995. 19 January 2006. 

http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/ohms/decis/reverer.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-396

Stein, Carol (EPA Region 2) (212) 637-4181, Interview 17 November 2005. 

USEPA. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. “Documentation of Environmental Indicator 

Determination: Revere Smelting and Refining Corporation.” 30 September 2004. 19 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region2/waste/rever725.pdf

USEPA. “Revere Smelting & Refining Corporation.” RCRAInfo. 20 July 2001.

https://rtnccisland.rtpnc.epa.gov/rcrainfo/permitting/PMT_series_upd.asp?msg_seriesseq=1

Additional Contacts:

Paul Patel, NYSDEC Case Manager, (518) 402-8594, appatel@gw.dec.state.ny.us

Keith Gronwald, NYSDEC Case Manager, (518) 402-8594, khgronwald@gw.dec.state.ny.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Rho Chem Corp.

EPA ID No.: CAD008364432

Address: 425 Isis Ave, Inglewood CA 90301

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Rho-Chem facility is a solvent 

recycling facility on a one-acre parcel. The facility is currently owned and operated by Philip 

Environmental Incorporated. Rho Chem’s RCRA Part B permit was issued on December 30, 

1983. After expiration it then became effective again in May 1991; however, it has since expired. 

Description of Contamination: This facility has significant contaminants in groundwater and 

soil. Chlorinated solvents include trichloroethylene (TCE) (140 ppm) in groundwater, and 

tetrachloroethylene (PCE) (3600 micrograms/kg) in soil. Methyl ethyl ketone (4,000 

micrograms/kg) is also found in soil. A soil-vapor survey, soil-vapor extraction system, and 

underground storage tanks (UST) removals were planned in 1999. Offsite groundwater 

contamination is known. An additional RCRA Facility Investigation (RFI) Work plan phase 

began in 1999 to identify the extent of groundwater contamination offsite. Given the high 

concentrations of contaminants, indoor air is likely to be a potential issue. In 1999, future steps 

were projected to include interim measures to pump and treat groundwater onsite and soil vapor 

extraction (SVE) to address soil-vapor concerns, which therefore assist in containing the 

groundwater pollution.

Sources of Information: 

Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Docket HWCA 20030194. Consent Order. Health and 

Safety Code Section 25187.” July 2003. 17 January 2006.

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/RhoChem_2003_ENF_CO.pdf

USEPA. “Documentation of Determination: Rho Chem Corp.” 5 February 1999. 

17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000475030

USEPA. “RCRA Corrective Action Addendum: Rho Chem Corp.” 2 May 1999. 17 January 

2006. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/allfacilities/73CFD83200BBED3488256ACC007

AE660?OpenDocument

USEPA. “Rho Chem Corp.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000475030

USEPA. “Rho Chem Corp.” RCRAInfo. 17 September 2002. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Liang Chiang (818) 551-2964 lchiang@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-399

Site Name: Rineco Chemical

EPA ID No.: ARD981057870

Address: 1007 Vulcan Road, Benton, AR, 72015

County: Saline

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Rineco Chemical (Rineco), in Benton, 

Arkansas is a hazardous waste fuel blending facility that receives hazardous waste from several 

hazardous waste generators. The facility is located in a heavy industrial zoned area. Although the 

facility owns over 200 acres, active operations take place on only about 15 acres. Surrounding 

the facility are industrial areas to the north, woodlands to the east and south, and residences to 

the west. 

Rineco was first established in 1986 as a fuel blending operation and added additional waste 

management processes over time. Through the use of a solid and liquid blending process, 

Rineco manufactures waste-derived fuel that is used as a secondary fuel source to replace coal 

and natural gas in cement kilns. The facility has three permits: a RCRA Permit, a Clean Air Act 

Minor Source Permit, and a Clean Water Act National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System 

Permit. Rineco services over 2,500 large and small quantity generators throughout the United 

States, Canada, Mexico and several Fortune 500 companies. The facility is capable of 

processing various wastes, including solvents, paints, washes, resins, cosmetics, printing inks, 

refinery wastes, sludges, rock-hard solids, visquine, towels, gloves, empty containers, rags, filter 

cartridges, rubber boots, reacted epoxy resins, and the like.

On September 22, 1995, the Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and Ecology (ADPC&E) 

issued a Notice of Violation (NOV) alleging that Rineco improperly operated certain pieces of 

equipment without proper hazardous waste Interim Status permitting. The NOV also alleged 

certain additional violations arising out of inspections conducted on September 28-29, 1993. 

Rineco was ordered to pay a civil penalty of $165,000.

Rineco claimed that its thermal metal wash treatment unit was exempt from permitting 

requirements because it recycled scrap metal from a treatment process. During site visits, Region 

6 evaluated Rineco’s operations and determined the thermal treatment unit to be subject to 

regulation as a "miscellaneous unit" under 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart X. On December 12, 2007, 

the United States of America filed a Complaint for claims of: (1) unauthorized operation of 

RCRA Treatment Unit; (2) Unauthorized Operation of RCRA Storage Unit; (3) Unauthorized 

Operations of RCRA Disposal Unit; (4) Failure to Notify of Hazardous Waste Activity; and (5) 

Failure to Provide Financial Assurance. In addition to the allegations in the Complaint, the 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Amended and Supplemental Complaint alleged: (1) Failure to design, construct, and operate the 

thermal treatment unit and other units in such a manner as to minimize the possibility of a fire, 

explosion, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous waste or hazardous 

waste constituents to air, soil, or surface water; (2) Failure to equip numerous open-ended values 

and lines with caps or plugs; and (3) Storage of hazardous waste in an open container. On March 

4, 2009, EPA received a favorable decision from the Court on liability (violations) on each of the 

five claims asserted in the Complaint. The Court further ordered that the matter would proceed as 

to any appropriate civil penalties and as to the three remaining claims in the Amended and 

Supplemental Complaint. This ruling required Rineco to modify its RCRA Permit consistent 

with EPA’s findings.

On May 19, 2010, Rineco and EPA entered into a Consent Decree, which outlined the 

compliance requirements, timelines, and a civil penalty of $1,350,000. The compliance 

requirements included: (1) submittal of application for the thermal treatment unit in accordance 

with 40 CFR Part 264 Subpart X Miscellaneous Unit, Risk Burn Guidance for Hazardous Waste 

Combustion Facilities, and Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol; (2) Preparation and 

Submission of Trial Burn Plan; (3) Preparation and Submission of Risk Burn Plan; and (3) 

Control of fugitive emissions. If Rineco failed to adhere to the terms of the Consent Decree, it 

would be forced to shut down the thermal treatment unit until issuance of a final RCRA permit. 

The facility also may be subject to stipulated penalties. The original deadline for approval of the 

thermal treatment unit permit application was October 14, 2011; however a subsequent 

modification to the Consent Decree altered the compliance requirements, established interim 

operating conditions and milestone requirements for the hazardous waste thermal treatment unit, 

and extended the compliance schedule for one year.

Description of Contamination: 

Rineco has reported total volume of hazardous waste processed at the facility to be 212 million 

pounds in 2004. Rineco reported that it accepts all hazardous wastes with the exception of Plisted hazardous waste and dioxins. In the Consent Decree Modification for operating conditions, 

Rineco was to submit interim limits on thermal treatment waste streams for waste feed limits, ash 

content, total chlorine and all risk assessment metals (antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, 

cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, and thallium); install emission monitors; conduct 

sampling and analysis of dioxins, furans, and particulate matter; measure stack gas flow rate; and 

compliance with operating parameters and limits. 

Sources of Information:
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1. Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and Ecology, Notice of Violation, LIS 95-137. 

September 26, 1995. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.adeq.state.ar.us/ftproot/pub/WebDatabases/Legal/CAO/LIS_Files/95-137.pdf

2. United States of America vs. Rineco Chemical Industries, Inc., Civil Action 4-07-CV—

01189-SWW. U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas. December 12, 

2007

3. United States of America vs. Rineco Chemical Industries, Inc., Consent Decree. August 

16, 2010

4. United States of America vs. Rineco Chemical Industries, Inc., Consent Decree 

Modification. October 14, 2011. 

5. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Rineco Chemical. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=11000

0451476&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=FRS
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-402

Site Information

Site Name: River Recycling Industries, Inc.

EPA ID No.: OHD004187035

Address: 4195 Bradley Road, Cleveland, OH 44109

County: Cuyahoga

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The facility was originally developed in 

the later half of the 1800s as a copper refinery and then converted to a brickworks. RRI 

purchased the facility in 1919 and currently acts as an intermediate dealer of copper alloys. Scrap 

metals from the plumbing, marine, bearings, electric, automotive, and locomotive industries, as 

well as from scrap dealers provide the raw materials for the operation. The materials are 

combined, melted, and formed into ingots, which are shipped to customers as final products. The 

slag from the smelting operations is sold to other smelters for further refining. RRI also 

manufactures resin coated sand used to make industrial cores and molds for the metal castings 

industries.

The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: In 2000, it was found that groundwater was contaminated with 

aluminum, arsenic, lead and mercury and soil was contaminated with arsenic, lead and zinc. 

Sources of Information: 

Ohio EPA. “Ohio GPRA Corrective Action Universe Environmental Indicators Status.” 1 March 

2005. 19 January 2005. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg5rcra/wptdiv/cars/caindicators/ohca_tables.pdf

USEPA. “River Recycling Industries Inc.” RCRA Info. 15 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “River Recycling Industries Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000616913

USEPA. “Statement of Basis for the Selection of Corrective Measures for the River Recycling 

Industries Facility Cleveland, Ohio 004 187 035.” 

http://www.epa.gov/reg5rcra/wptdiv/permits/mr_RiverRecyclingSOB.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Additional Contacts:

Todd Gmitro (Corrective Action Project Manager) (312) 886-5909, gmitro.todd@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-404

Site Information

Site Name: Rockwool Industries, Inc.

EPA ID No.: TXD06637964

Address: 1741 Taylor’s Valley Road, Belton, TX 76903

County: Bell

NPL Site: Final: 9/29/1998

In CERCLIS Database: 0605009

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Rockwool Industries, Inc. manufactured 

mineral wool insulation from mid-1950s until February 1987. From 1984 to 1987, Rockwool 

operated under a RCRA permit. The facility manufactured two types of mineral wool insulation: 

blow wool and batt wool. The mineral wool was manufactured in blast furnaces using raw 

material such as slags from copper and antimony smelting, waste from limestone mining and 

coke and basalts. The raw material was melted in a coke-fired furnace and then extruded by 

blowing air over spinning drums to form fibers. The residue left in the furnace from the heating 

of the slags was a metal “shot” type material. This “spent iron shot” was the main waste type 

generated as a part of the Rockwool production process. This material was piled in the North 

Shot Pile (NSP), the South Shot Pile (SSP), and the Cemetery Shot Pile (CSP). 

The NSP area began receiving spent shot material waste in the mid-1950s. By 1982, the NSP 

covered more than three acres and there was no room for further expansion. The northern edge of 

the NSP was on the southern bank of the Leon River and waste runoff had been detected going 

into the River. The NSP was reduced to about two acres after waste was hauled to an off-site 

disposal area. In 1983, a dirt cover was placed over the NSP to reduce fugitive dust and the 

infiltration of rain. A french drain system was installed along the northern edge of the shot pile to 

intercept and collect leachate as it flowed horizontally toward the Leon River. This french drain 

carried the liquid to a concrete sump and the water that collected in the sump was pumped to the 

lined Evaporation Lagoon.

It is not clear when the SSP began receiving waste; however, beginning in 1984, some of the 

spent shot material was removed from the SSP and was recycled as an ingredient in brick 

making. The shot was mixed with cement and baghouse dust; it was shaped into bricks and then 

used as raw material feed for the furnace. An unknown amount of the shot was recycled in this 

way. It is not known when the CSP began receiving waste.

Cleanup costs at the site equaled $3,122,434.09.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Description of Contamination: Known sources of contamination are contaminated soils 

associated with the South Shot Pile (estimated to contain 20,000 to 30,000 cubic yards of waste), 

the North Shot Pile (estimated to contain between 15,000 and 25,000 cubic yards of waste), and 

the Cemetery Shot Pile (waste volume unknown). 

Sediment is also contaminated; however, the data are not available for the types of contaminants. 

Antimony, arsenic, and lead in residual waste remaining in the former baghouse dust 

impoundment represents the primary ground water contaminant source. Analytical results for 

samples collected in the vicinity of the NSP, SSP and evaporation lagoon areas also indicate 

waste materials as a probable antimony and arsenic source. This conclusion is also supported by 

the arsenic results from the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and antimony 

results from the Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) tests. The TCLP results 

exhibited arsenic leachate concentrations up to 1.02 mg/L from fine waste material in the SSP.

The SPLP results revealed antimony leachate concentrations up to 3.1 mg/L from the NSP 

samples. The absence of TCLP-arsenic in the NSP samples and the relatively low antimony 

concentration in the SPLP samples from the SSP are most likely the result of waste material 

variations not captured by the samples.

Chemical analysis of sediment samples in the Leon River and in Nolan Creek indicated the 

presence of inorganics in concentrations above the release criteria. The Leon River adjacent to 

and downstream of the seep sites revealed arsenic and lead concentrations above background 

levels. Analysis of sediment samples collected from the same 24 locations also revealed elevated 

levels of antimony, arsenic, and lead.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Final Record of Decision: Rockwool Industries Inc. Superfund Site.” September 2004. 

21 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/rockwool_rod_9_2004.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 20 September 2004. 21 January 

2006.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Rockwool Industries Inc.” 29 September 1998. 21 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0605009.pdf.

USEPA. “Rockwool Industries Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0605009.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-406

USEPA. “Rockwool Industries Inc Fact Sheet.” January 2006. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/pdffiles/0605009.pdf

USEPA. “Rockwool Industries Inc. Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

21 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100093

13625.

Additional Contacts:

Shawn Ghose (RPM) (214) 665-6782
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-407

Site Information

Site Name: Rogene French Alcohol Plant

EPA ID No.: MOD981722481

Address: Rt. 2 Box 214 Osceola, MO 64776

County: St. Clair

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0702064

Recycling Operation: This site is an abandoned alcohol and solvent recover distillation facility. 

It operated from the early 1980’s to the late 1980’s under a DNR permit for resource recovery. 

The facility reclaimed spent solvents from industrial uses and then shipped these reclaimed 

materials back to the originator. 

Description of Contamination: When the site was abandoned, approximately 400 55-gallon 

drums were left in two storage buildings on-site, in addition to 11 above-ground storage tanks. 

The drums and tanks contain ignitable hazardous waste. 

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “Rogene French Alcohol Plant.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0702064

USEPA. “Rogene French Alcohol Plant.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110015651463

USEPA. “Rogene French Alcohol Plant.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

www.Epaosc.net/RogeneFrenchAlcoholPlant

Additional Contacts

Don Lininger Lininger.don@epa.gov (913) 551-7724
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-408

Site Information:

Site Name: Romarc Industries

EPA ID No.: FL0002072882

Address: 2490 N.E. 200th Avenue, Williston, FL 32696 

County: Levy

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406786

Description of Recycling Operation: In the late 1980s and early '90s, Romarc received 

hazardous wastes, primarily flammable resins, from companies throughout the United States, but 

minimal recycling occurred. The company stored waste in drums that were kept in an enclosure 

with a concrete floor and roof. Other drums were kept outside on the ground. The facility went 

out of business and abandoned the drums of hazardous waste around 1996. 

FDEP believes that the facility tried using polyester resin to make resin casts and molds for 

concrete products. The facility marketed a few products such as railroad cross ties and artificial 

reef structures in an attempt to demonstrate that it was producing a valuable product. Eventually 

Romarc received a contract from the Solid Waste Research Division of the University of Florida 

to produce concrete artificial reef structures using the polyester resin casts. The facility did not 

have a RCRA permit.

Description of Contamination: EPA was contacted by the FDEP in February 1998 for 

assistance with a site assessment and possible removal action. An estimated 1,000 drums of 

flammable resin waste, in various stages of deterioration, were found at the site. Since minimal 

recycling occurred at the facility, contamination most likely came from the drums. While there 

was some soil contamination, the potential for a fire or a future release from deteriorating drums 

was the biggest concern.

The PRP(s) cleanup was approximately $535,000. Outstanding costs at the site were just less 

than $500,000 of which $25,000 was the agency’s cost prior to PRP take over. The remaining 

$475,000 consisted of oversight costs and enforcement costs. 

Sources of Additional Information:

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 31 October 

2005. 

EPA Region 4 Environmental News. “EPA Superfund Removal to Begin at the Romarc 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Industries Site, Williston, Levy County, FL.” 26 March 1999. 21 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/region4/oeapages/99press/032699.htm

Luetscher, Gregory (EPA Region 4). 404-562-9677. Interview, 11/22/2005

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Romarc Industries.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406786

USEPA. “Romarc Industries.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005634536

Contacts:

John Nolen, EPA On-Scene Coordinator, (404) 562-8750 

Augusta Posner, FDEP, (850) 245-2282, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us

Beth Knauss FDEP District Office, (813) 744-6100 x383

Gregory D. Luetscher, EPA Region 4, 404-562-9677
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-410

Site Name: Romic Environmental Technologies, Chandler (Romic 

Southwest)

EPA ID No.: AZD009015389

Address: 6760 West Allison Road, Chandler, AZ 85226

County: Maricopa

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Romic Environmental Technologies 

(Romic) operated an approximately three-acre hazardous waste storage, treatment, and recycling 

facility in the Lone Butte Industrial Park near Chandler Arizona. This industrial park is located 

within the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC), on lands held in trust for GRIC. 

The facility began operation in 1975 under ownership of Southwest Solvents. In 1988, Romic 

purchased the facility from Southwest Solvents and continued operations, which were primarily 

solvent recycling through distillation. The facility received on average about 13,000 tons of 

waste per year, about half of which was considered hazardous by the USEPA. Wastes received 

by the facility came from a variety of industries, including dry cleaning, paint manufacturing, 

aerospace, and automotive industries. The facility also received household hazardous wastes 

from collection events. In addition to solvent recycling, the facility acted as an intermediate 

facility, including consolidating solids for off-site transfer and disposal and conducting fuel 

blending. Other site activities included antifreeze recycling and other management methods. No 

wastes were disposed on site; all wastes were transferred off site for disposal or re-use. 

In 1981, Southwest Solvents submitted Part A of a RCRA hazardous waste permit application 

and was granted interim status by the USEPA. The facility continued to operate under interim 

status until Romic acquired the facility in 1988. At that time, Romic submitted a revised Part A 

application as well as the more extensive Part B application for a permit. The facility remained 

under interim permit status pending further review by the USEPA. During this period, Romic 

complied with a number of RCRA requirements including completion of a number of 

remediation activities to clean up contamination, and conducted a remedial investigation (RI) in 

2004. In 2005, Romic was fined $67,888 for multiple hazardous waste violations related to 

improper storage and labeling of hazardous waste and other violation. The company corrected 

the violations and also spent $100,800 on life-saving equipment for the Gila River Indian 

Community Fire Department and air monitoring and meteorological equipment for the Gila 

River Indian Community Department of Environmental Quality. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Also in 2005, Romic submitted a final revised Part B application. However the landowner, 

GRIC, would not sign the application and therefore the permit application was denied in 2007. 

Romic then submitted a facility closure plan, which was approved in 2008. Romic is currently 

conducting site cleanup activities.

Description of Contamination: In 2007, the USEPA issued an Administrative Order of Consent 

(AOC) to Romic to investigate contamination on and around the site. It is believed that the 

groundwater contamination at the Romic facility may be related to the operations of Southwest 

Solvents, which operated the facility prior to 1988 (3). 

In accordance with a 1988 Consent Agreement, Romic conducted extensive soil cleanup upon 

purchasing the facility. However, a 2004 Remedial Investigation Report completed for the GRIC 

Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) indicated that trichloroethylene (TCE), 

tetrachloroethylene (PCE), and 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE) contamination in groundwater 

was above U.S. EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) close to and down gradient from 

the facility. Although the facility operated in an industrial park, its location is approximately 200 

meters from a public drinking water well and up-gradient from irrigation wells. 

Due to the RCRA permit denial, Romic prepared a closure plan in 2008 for cleanup of surface 

contamination. Under this plan, Romic will remove all remaining wastes, clean and 

decontaminate remaining equipment and structures, and send the resulting waste offsite for 

treatment and disposal. The estimated cost of this portion of the site cleanup is $900,000 (8). 

Information about the costs of earlier site remedial activities is not available from the sources 

used for this damage case. Romic is working with U.S. EPA and GRIC DEQ to further 

investigate and implement corrective actions to address ground water contamination (8).

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System, Facility Detail Report. Romic Environmental 

Technologies Corporation Southwest. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=AZD

009015389&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=RCRAINFO

2. USEPA. Envirofacts, Multisystem, Romic Environmental Technologies Corp 

Southwest. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2_v2.get_list?facility_uin=110000471249
Appendix 1 December 2014

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3. USEPA. Region 9, Waste Programs. Romic Environmental Technologies Corporation 

Southwest Hazardous Waste Storage and Treatment Facility. Accessed Online. May 

2011: http://www.epa.gov/region09/waste/romic/index.html#correctiveaction

4. USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. May 2011.

5. USEPA. Region 9: Administrative Order On Consent. Romic Environmental 

Technologies Corporation. Accessed Online. May 2011:

http://www.epa.gov/region09/waste/romic/index.html#correctiveaction

6. USEPA. Notice of Intent to Deny a RCRA Permit Application for Romic Environmental 

Technologies Corporation – Southwest. August 2007. Accessed Online. May 2011:

http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/romic/pdf/proposed-permit-decision.pdf

7. USEPA. News Release: EPA fines hazardous waste company on Arizona tribal lands 

$67,888. August 2005. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/9e50770d29adb32685257018004d06fd/9da55

7d9afa35dde852570d8005e178a!OpenDocument&Highlight=0,romic

8. Romic Environmental Technologies Corp. Romic Southwest Facility. Closure Plan. 

Submitted to US Environmental Protection Agency Region 9. August 2008. Accessed 

Online. May 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region09/waste/romic/pdf/RSW-Closure-Planfinal-August-2008.pdf
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Site Name: Romic Environmental Technologies, E. Palo Alto, CA

EPA ID No.: CAD009452657

Address: 2081 Bay road, East Palo Alto, CA, 94303

County: San Mateo

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: CAN000908403 

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Romic Environmental 

Technologies (Romic) facility in East Palo Alto, California, is a 12.6-acre former hazardous 

waste management facility. It is located in an industrial area approximately half mile west of San 

Francisco Bay. The facility fence line borders tidal marshes and other industrial facilities. The 

nearest residences are about 2,000 feet to the west, with the closest school being about a half 

mile. 

The site first began operation as a chemical storage facility under previous owners in 1956. 

Romic began operating the facility in 1963, purchased it in 1979, and continued to operate it 

until it closed in 2007. Romic performed a combination of hazardous waste storage, treatment, 

and recycling operations and received hazardous waste from a number of industrial business, 

including wastes such as paint thinner and paints, antifreeze, oils, inks, adhesives, and solvents. 

Waste management methods included storage, solvent recycling using distillation, incineration, 

and other treatment. In addition, waste management method information included in the facility’s 

biennial hazardous waste reports indicate that the facility also served as an intermediate facility 

for some wastes. Prior to closure, the facility managed an estimated 35,000 tons of waste per 

year.

The Romic facility has a history of violations and incidents including a 2006 tanker truck spill,

employee burn incidents in 2004 and 2006, and a 2007 transporter incident. The 2006 spill 

involved 4,000 gallons of used, mixed organic solvents, including hydroxylamine, 

monoethanolamine, toluene, and acetronitrile. The solvents began reacting inside the tanker truck 

resulting a release of a fine mist that settled over an empty lot owned by Romic, portions of Bay 

Road, and adjacent parcels that included a Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E) substation and 

nearby wetlands. In both of the burn incidents, employees were burned by ignitable vapors that 

were not properly drained from tanks other equipment. In the 2007 transporter incident, a 

highway exit ramp in Bakersfield, California, was shut down for several hours due to leakage 

from a truck containing drums shipped from the Romic facility.
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The facility also was subject to a 2005 settlement with the California Department of Toxic 

Substances Control (DTSC) for a number of violations that occurred from 1999 to 2004. Because 

of this history of violations, in 2007 the DTSC ordered Romic to close the facility and implement 

its cleanup plan. The facility stopped accepting waste in 2007, and all stored hazardous waste 

was removed from the site that year. 

Description of Contamination: DTSC and U.S. EPA site investigations concluded that Romic’s 

operations contaminated soil and groundwater across most of the site and to a depth of at least 80 

feet. The primary contaminants are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as the solvent 

trichloroethene. The soil and groundwater contamination is primarily attributed to the spills, 

overflows, flooding events, and other accidental releases around the central process area. A 

groundwater extraction and treatment system was operated as a site remediation strategy from 

1993 until 2005. From 2003 – 2005 Romic conducted enhanced reductive dechlorination to 

remediate groundwater.

Following closure in 2007, the DTSC, U.S. EPA, and Romic agreed to a closure and cleanup 

plan for the facility consisting of two phases. Phase 1, which was overseen by DTSC and was 

completed in 2010, involved the closure, cleaning, and removal of the aboveground waste 

management units and equipment, as well as and cleanup of surface contamination. Phase 2, 

which is underway with U.S. EPA supervision, addresses the remediation of subsurface soil and 

groundwater. The Final Remedy to address soil and groundwater contamination will use 

enhanced biological treatment, monitored natural attenuation, excavation, and removal of 

contaminated soils, land use restrictions, and maintenance of the existing site cover. The 

estimated cost for closure and cleanup of the facility is $2.5 million. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System, Facility Detail Report. Romic Environmental 

Technologies Corporation. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=CAN0

00908403&pgm_sys_acrnm_in=CERCLIS

2. USEPA. Superfund Site Information. Romic East Palo Alto. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0908403

3. USEPA. Pacific Southwest, Region 9, Waste. Romic Environmental Technologies, East 

Palo Alto, CA. Accessed Online. May 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/romiceastpaloalto/#moreinfo
Appendix 1 December 2014

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4. USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. May 2011.

5. California Department of Toxic Substance Control. Fact Sheet. Romic’s Draft Closure 

Plan Open for Public Comment. April 2008. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Romic_FS_DClosurePlan_040

8.pdf

6. USEPA. US EPA Selects Final Cleanup Plan for Former Romic East Palo Alto Facility. 

July 2008. Accessed Online. May 2011: http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/romiceastpaloalto/pdf/Romic-Final-Decision-FactSheet-Eng-0708.pdf

7. Final Draft: Comprehensive Site-Wide Sampling and analyses Plan, Former Romic 

Environmental Technologies Corporation Facility. Prepared for Bay Enterprises, 

Prepared by Iris Environmental. March 2011. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region9/waste/romic-eastpaloalto/pdf/romic-epa-samp_anal-plan.pdf

8. California Department of Toxic Substance Control. Romic Environmental Technologies 

Corporation, Enforcement Order. 2007. Accessed Online. May 2011: 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/ROMIC_ENF_EO_2007.pdf

Official Announcement and Shut-down order on Romic. Palo Alto Online. May 2007. Accessed 

Online. May 2011: http://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/show_story.php?id=5146
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Ross Metals, Inc.

EPA ID No.: TND096070396

Address: 100 N Railroad Street, Rossville, TN 38066

County: Fayette

NPL Site: Final: 4/1/1997

In CERCLIS Database: 0403822

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Fifteen acres of this 200-acre parcel 

were used by Ross Metals (RM) in a secondary lead smelting operation from 1978 to 1992. The 

facility was RCRA-permitted; however, it is unclear when the permit was issued. They primarily 

used lead from spent lead-acid batteries but also recovered other materials including lead plates, 

lead oxide, scrap metal, etc. Ross melted the lead and cast it into ingots for resale. 

From 1978 until June 20, 1992, RM operated a secondary lead smelter at the Site. Prior to 1978, 

the property was undeveloped. RM produced specification alloyed lead that was sold for use in 

manufacturing vehicle batteries, lead shot pellets, and sheet lead (radiation shields). The facility 

received spent lead acid batteries, spent lead plates, lead oxide, scrap metal, and other lead waste 

and material from various businesses and industries, including battery crackers and battery 

manufacturers. The primary material used for the recycling process was spent lead acid batteries, 

with automotive and industrial batteries accounting for 80 percent of the raw material processed. 

The remaining 20 percent consisted of other lead-bearing materials, such as recycled dross, dust 

slag, and factory scrap. Facility operations included not only the smelting of lead and other scrap 

metals but a variety of other products, such as crushed drums, limestone, steel, and cast iron. 

These materials were added to the blast furnace as flux to create a reducing atmosphere. Wastes 

generated from the process included slag, plastic chips, waste acid, lead emission control dusts, 

and lead-contaminated stormwater.

Upon receipt, batteries were stored on pallets located east and southeast of the facility; each 

pallet held about 50 batteries. The batteries were then conveyed to the wrecker building for the 

battery breaking operation. According to facility representatives, 99 to 99.5 percent of the lead 

content was recovered. The molten lead product was then moved to the refinery area. Acid and 

sludge obtained during the battery breaking operation contained residual amounts of lead and 

lead acid; the acid and sludge were transferred to the wastewater treatment unit to reclaim the 

remaining lead. Lead was reclaimed by allowing it to settle further in aboveground collection 

tanks. This lead sludge, collected prior to neutralization, was transferred to the blast furnace area 

and immediately fed into the furnace. The remaining acid was neutralized with liquid caustic 
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soda. Upon neutralization, the solution was held for additional settling to precipitate dissolved 

metals. Sludge resulting from the neutralization process was also collected in settling tanks and 

recycled into the blast furnace with other lead scrap. 

Several areas of the operating facility contained large volumes of lead-bearing materials. With 

the exception of the container storage area, the lead-bearing materials were not containerized; 

instead, they were placed on the asphalt foundation of the facility or directly on facility soils. 

From 1979 until December 1988, blast slag that had accumulated as a part of the smelting 

process was disposed of in an on-Site landfill. USEPA's RCRA Compliance Section conducted a 

sampling investigation on December 7, 1988, to determine if the waste generated at the facility 

should be regulated. On December 20, 1988, the Tennessee Department of Health and 

Environment (TDHE) suspended all further processing of the request until results from the 

USEPA sampling event could be assessed and the USEPA could determine whether the blast 

slag was a nonhazardous waste (B&V 1996). Several references in the USEPA files for the RM 

Site debate the status of blast slag as a hazardous waste. File material also indicates that on April 

20, 1990, RM applied for a solid waste classification variance for the blast slag. RCRA also 

conducted a sampling investigation on May 9, 1990, to determine if smelting and landfilling 

activities at the facility were causing adverse environmental impacts. The variance was denied on 

June 6, 1990, because USEPA determined that blast slag was a hazardous waste and subject to 

the full extent of RCRA regulations. In September of 1990, RCRA issued a Complaint and 

Compliance Order against Ross Metals. After several months of extensive negotiations, the 

parties reached an agreement to settle the case. However, the company never signed the Consent 

Agreement, because of its precarious financial condition. In 1992, Ross Metals, Inc. received an 

Administrative Dissolution under Articles of Incorporation. There is no known successor entity. 

Because of this, all State and Federal RCRA enforcement actions at the Site ceased.

Once negotiations failed with Ross Metals and all operations ceased at the facility, the Site was 

referred to USEPA's Emergency Response and Removal Branch (ERRB). On June 15, 1994, 

ERRB conducted a Site visit. Based upon ERRB's file review and Site visit, the Ross Metals Site 

met the criteria for a high priority removal action. The removal action began in September 1994 

and was completed in June 1995. The removal consisted of segregating, staging, or removing 

forty-six waste streams. Approximately 6,000 cubic yards (CY) of lead bearing blast slag was 

staged in on-Site buildings.

An Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) was finalized in February 1998. In 

considering the information presented in the EE/CA and the statutory limits which apply to nontime critical removal actions, USEPA determined that a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study 

Report that develops appropriate remedial action alternatives was needed for this Site. On March 
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24th, 1998, USEPA sent general notice letters to the Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs). The 

threat of human exposure and reports of trespassing caused USEPA to perform a removal action 

in June and September of 1998. About 10,000 CY of slag are landfilled in an unlined and 

unsecured area located just north of the facility process area. About 6,000 CY of stockpiled lead 

slag material are still stored at the facility inside deteriorating sheet metal buildings. The 

buildings are no longer providing protection from weather conditions because of deterioration. 

Data collected in the investigation revealed lead-contaminated surface soils (outside the fenced 

facility - approximately 8.58 acres). This area is adjacent to residential property and is located 

within a designated wetland. The removal action consisted of placing tarpaulins over the 6,000 

CY of stockpiled lead slag and installing security fencing around the contaminated surface soils 

and landfill. The Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study was finalized in November 1998.

A RCRA permit was issued in September 1990. The RCRA permit was terminated in September 

1993. Clean up expenditures at this site as of September 2004 are $9,990,564.07. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination included lead, barium, cadmium, and zinc. 

Approximately 4,400 gallons, 170 tons, and 1,700 cubic yards of wastes were removed from the 

site. Significant quantities of blast slag still remain on-site. Contamination was most likely 

related to spillage of battery acid and slag material left at site. These contaminants affected 

surrounding lands and seeped into groundwater.

Lead contaminated surface soil is present across the site. Lead concentrations in most surface 

soil and sediment samples collected throughout the site exceeded 400 ppm. In addition, 

aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and 

vanadium were detected above risk-based remedial goal option (RGO) levels. In addition, high 

levels of subsurface soil contamination were found in two isolated locations in the process area; 

east of the wrecker building, and southeast of the truck wash. Analytical results of groundwater 

samples revealed the presence of several inorganic compounds at concentrations that either 

exceed the primary or secondary drinking water standards or the State of Tennessee domestic 

water supply criteria. Aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, 

nickel and vanadium were detected above respective guidance concentrations and/or RGO levels. 

Analytical results of surface water samples revealed concentrations of several inorganic 

compounds that exceeded background concentrations. Significant inorganic contaminants 

included antimony, arsenic, cadmium, iron, lead, and manganese. As a result of the baseline risk 

assessment completed for the RI, COCs were defined for soil and groundwater. For the 

protection of human health, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, 

manganese, selenium, and vanadium were defined as soil COCs. Groundwater COCs include 

aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, nickel, and vanadium. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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The ecological risk assessment conducted for the RM site identified wetlands north and east of 

the facility, as well as the facility itself, as areas of concern and evaluated the degree of 

contamination in wetlands farther from the facility that had not been previously evaluated. The 

ecological risk assessment concluded that of the metals calculated to pose a potential risk, lead 

posed the highest risk to the ecological risk receptors at the site.

Sources of Information:

Hey, Andy (Paralegal) (404) 562-9522, Interview 22 November 2005

Matory, Derrick (RPM) (404) 562-8800, Interview 12 November 2005

USEPA. EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Ross Metals Operable Unit 2.” 17 September 

2002. 20 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0402076.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 20 January 

2006.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Ross Metals, Inc.” 1 April 1997. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0403822.pdf

USEPA. “Ross Metals.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Tennessee NPL/NPL Caliber Cleanup Site Summaries: Ross Metals.” 12 December 

2005. 20 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/npltn/rossmetn.htm

Additional Contacts:

Beth Brown (RPM) (404) 562-8814

Derrick Matory (RPM) (404) 562-8800

Andy Hey (paralegal) (404) 562-9522
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Site Information

Site Name: Rouse Steel Drum Co.

EPA ID No.: FLD032391542

Address: 612 12th Street East, Jacksonville, FL 32206

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0404733

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility was an “empty” drum 

reconditioning facility. It generated waste water on-site from the reconditioning processes. 

Wastes were spilled to the ground. 

Description of Contamination: The facility went out of business and EPA paid for the clean up. 

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Rouse Steel Drum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0404733

USEPA. “Rouse Steel Drum.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002528612

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner, FDEP (850) 245-2285, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Rowe Paint and Plas-Chem Coatings (Wilmer Rowe)

EPA ID No.: FLD984243923

Address: 144 Watts St. Jacksonville, FL 322090

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Waste paint and solvents were dumped 

onto the floor of a warehouse that had formerly been leased by Mr. Rowe. Plas-Chem Coatings 

was the main paint manufacturing facility where he generated waste solvent and waste paint that 

he claimed he was recycling. Mr. Rowe eventually went to jail and the property owner paid 

$400,000 to dispose of paints, solvents and chemicals left behind.

Description of Contamination: Unknown

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

Correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Rowe Paint.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005618885

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner, FDEP, augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us, 850-245-2285
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: SA Recycling

EPA ID No.: CAL000338569

Address: 901 New Dock Street, San Pedro, CA, 90731

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: In approximately 1963, the Hugo NeuProler Company opened a metal-shredding plant at the Port of Los Angeles. The plant grinds 

scrap metal and loads it onto ships for export. Tons of scrap metal are transferred to the site 

daily, including structural steel braces, engines, and entire cars. In 1996, approximately 700 

automobiles and 3,000 household appliances were recycled per day. 

In October 2005, the majority of the recycling operation was acquired from Hugo Neu-Proler by 

the Sims Group. In June 2007, the Sims Group merged its recycling operations with Adams 

Steel, creating SA Recycling LLC. 

Available information sources describe two distinct environmental issues at the plant. First, it has 

been alleged that normal operations have caused polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to enter Los 

Angeles Harbor through metal dust and debris falling into the harbor water. Second, the facility 

operated without air pollution control equipment for a period of weeks following the explosion 

of a megashredder that damaged the equipment in May 2007. 

Description of Contamination: In 1991, the California Regional Water Quality Control Board 

ordered the plant to stop discharging metal shredding waste into the Los Angeles Harbor alleging 

that the metal and debris constituted an ongoing source of PCBs. The plant owner/operators 

agreed to prevent metal dust and debris from falling in the water, but denied that the plant was 

contributing to the PCB pollution in the harbor. 

In August 2011, the current owner, SA Recycling, agreed to settle an environment lawsuit 

related to the release of toxic substances to the atmosphere following the 2007 megashredder 

explosion. The lawsuit alleged that volatile organic compounds and tiny pieces of metal and 

debris were released for a period of weeks until the California Department of Toxic Substances 

Control was alerted. The $2.93 settlement included $260,000 in civil penalties and investigative 

costs to be paid to the Los Angeles District Attorney's Office; $430,000 to the Department of 

Toxic Substances Control for investigative expenses; $100,000 to the College of Engineering at 

the University of California, Davis, to support aerosol studies; $75,000 to the Coalition for a Safe 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Environment; and $165,000 to 11 San Pedro marina owners and operators to target water and 

sediment pollution sources. 

Sources of Information:

1. Hatch, George. Los Angeles Times. State Orders Firm to Halt PCB Discharge: Pollution: 

Agency charges scrap-metal exporter with sprinkling high levels of the carcinogen into 

Los Angeles Harbor. May 30, 1991. Accessed Online. November 2011:

http://articles.latimes.com/1991-05-30/local/me-3711_1_los-angeles-harbor

2. Slater, Eric. Los Angeles Times. Harboring Doubts: Environmentalists Say a Scrap Metal 

Recycler at the Port of L.A. Should Clean Up Its Yard Before Its Lease Is Renewed. 

January 08, 1996. Accessed Online. November 2011: http://articles.latimes.com/1996-01-

08/local/me-22363_1_scrap-metal

3. Los Angeles County District Attorney’s Office. Metal Shredding Company Settles Air 

Pollution Case. September 19, 2011. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://da.co.la.ca.us/mr/091911b.htm

4. Altman, Larry. Daily Breeze. Terminal Island metal shredding firm agrees to settle 

pollution lawsuit. August 31, 2011, amended September 20, 2011. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.dailybreeze.com/ci_18799989?IADID=Searchwww.dailybreeze.com-www.dailybreeze.com
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Site Information

Site Name: SafCo Environmental

EPA ID No.: WAD981766884

Address: 1255 South 188th St., SeaTac, WA 98148

County: King

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: SafCo was illegally operating as 

hazardous waste recycling and transportation facility that primarily handled waste oil and 

printing wastes. It was closed by the local fire department as a potential fire hazard following a 

substantial spill of oily waste in 1992. Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) issued an 

emergency enforcement order directing that all materials, including 55 damaged or leaking 

drums containing oil and other wastes from the site, be removed and disposed of legally. Other 

actions required by the order included the separation of incompatibles, identification of the 

contents of damaged drums, and the disposal of toxic wastes. Eventually, a second order was 

issued for the removal of an additional 445 drums containing oil and other wastes. There was 

neither any financial assurance mechanism nor any source of funds from the owner/operator, 

who disappeared. A group of 31 potentially liable parties (PLPs) managed the removal and 

disposal. Best cost estimates received from representatives of the PLP group put the costs 

between $500,000 and $750,000, but no one could provide exact data due to the age of this case. 

The leads for the group represented the one or two largest companies associated with it. Thirteen 

smaller generators eventually paid on the order of $200,000 to the lead companies for their share. 

Both attorneys said cleanup costs were most likely paid for from operating revenues. All 

materials were inventoried, analyzed, and disposed of properly. The site is currently vacant and 

secured. There is no remaining cleanup to be done, except what might be necessary on a 

voluntary basis in order to sell the property. 

Description of Contamination: In 1992, there was a substantial spill of oily waste; however, the 

extent of contamination from this spill is unclear. 

Sources of Information:

Boyd, Andrew. Email to Amy Lile (USEPA Office of Solid Waste). 21 October 2005. 

Information from Washington Department of Ecology's report to the state legislature in 

2002: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0204028.html
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Safco Environmental Safco Corp Multisystem Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 

(n.d.). 18 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110005341914.

USEPA. “Safco Environmental Safco Corp Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data 

Warehouse. (n.d.). 18 January 2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/

fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?pgm_sys_id_in=WAD981766884&pgm_sys_acrnm

_in=RCRAINFO. 

Washington State Department of Ecology. “Analysis of Cleanup Obligations and Costs for 

Hazardous Waste Management Facilities in Washington State - Final Report.” 29 January 

2003. 18 January 2006. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/0304011.pdf.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Safety Kleen Corporation

EPA ID No.: MDD000737395

Address: 12164 Tech Road, Silver Spring, MD 20904

County: Montgomery

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Safety Kleen Silver Spring 

Maryland Service Center operated on the site from 1982 until operations ceased in August, 1996. 

The former service center consisted of approximately 10,300 square feet which was used as an 

accumulation point for spent solvents and other fluids generated by Safety Kleen customers. All 

wastes stored at the site were ultimately shipped to an off-site Safety Kleen recycle center or a 

contract reclaimer. During operations, two 12,000 gallon underground storage tanks were used at 

the site: one tank was used to store spent parts washer solvents and the other tank stored product 

(mineral spirits based solvent). Two loading units were used to transfer waste parts washer 

solvent to the underground storage tanks. There were also two areas designated for container 

storage. The site was a permitted RCRA Part B facility. It received permits on the following 

dates: 6/12/90 and 7/22/94. Its permit expired in September of 1999. 

Description of Contamination: The Safety Kleen facility had the following major 

contaminations incidents prior to closure in 1996. In January, 1988 and April, 1989 spills were 

reported from overfilling an underground storage tank. In October, 1989 an underground storage 

tank failed a tank tightness inspection and leakage was discovered. Finally, in December, 1989, 

45 gallons of solvents spilled from a storage tank and in June, 1993, 13 gallons of used oil spilled 

during a truck transfer operation.

In 1996 on-site sampling unearthed evidence of soil and groundwater contamination with 

petroleum hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds. Groundwater monitoring at this site 

has been on-going since July 1989 and has shown consistent detections of TPH, benzene, 

toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and some volatile organic compounds. Based on these findings, 

the former tank pit area, former return and fill station area, and the former piping trench have 

been the focus of remedial efforts at the site. 

The Maryland Department of the Environment issued a Post Closure Permit for the area, which 

includes remediation goals and requirements for the cleanup of the groundwater and soil. RCRA 
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Corrective Actions have included a soil vapor extraction system, removal of the underground 

storage tanks, and other post-closure corrective actions. 

Sources of Information:

Hamerburg, Ed (410) 537-3345, Interview 28 October 2005. 

EPA Region 3 - RCRA Baseline Facilities. “Safety Kleen Corporation.” (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/md/pdf/mdd000737395.pdf

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Corporation 2.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000614005

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Corp.” RCRAInfo. 12 January 2005. 21 January 2006.

Additional Contacts:

Bob Greaves, Chief RCRA Operations Branch EPA Region 3 (215) 814-3423

Amin Yazdanian, Maryland Department of the Environment (410) 537-3345

Ed Hamerburg at (410) 537-3345 

Bill Schmidt (410) 537-3345
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Safety-Kleen (Hebron)

EPA ID No.: OHD980587364

Address: 581 Milliken Drive SE, Hebron, OH 43025

County: Licking 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Safety-Kleen has been in operation 

since July 1981 as a large solvent reclamation facility recycling spent solvents (mineral spirits, 

dry cleaning solvents, paint and lacquer solvents and other organic solvents). The spent solvents 

are stored in tanks and containers prior to the recycling process and then reclaimed using 

distillation and fractionating process equipment. Dry cleaning process wastes, spent industrial 

solvents, and mineral spirits dumpster mud are brought to the facility and the solvents are 

recovered for reuse through the Safety-Therm process. The solid residues generated during the 

recycling process are transported off site for proper disposal. The facility has a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The site has extensive soil, surface water and ground water 

contamination. Due to a mechanical malfunction of a heat band, a fire occurred in the 

aboveground storage tank farm in November 1985. The tank farm was destroyed and a release of 

unknown quantities of spent and reclaimed solvent to soil, surface water and ground water 

occurred. 

In September 2002, USEPA Region 5 reached agreement with Safety-Kleen Systems Inc. for 

violations of federal rules on hazardous waste at its Hebron, Ohio, facility. The company 

admitted the violations and agreed to pay a $945,018 penalty on approval by the bankruptcy 

court. The violations, which occurred between Sept. 1, 1996, and Feb. 28, 2000, were failure to 

properly operate air emissions equipment on recycling machinery and failure to monitor pumps 

for air emissions regulated under RCRA. 

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

Ohio EPA. “Ohio EPA to Hold Hearing on a Draft Permit for Safety-Kleen Corporation.” 5 May 

1998. 18 January 2006. http://www.epa.state.oh.us/pic/nr/1998/may/safeklee.html
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “Safety Kleen Systems Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 18 January 2006. 18 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000381471

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Systems Inc.” RCRA Info. 17 June 2005. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “EPA Settles with Safety-Kleen on Hazardous Waste Violations; Includes $945,018 

Fine.” 25 September 2002. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/news/news02/02opa129.htm

USEPA. “Statement of Basis/Final Decision and Response to Comments Summary – SafetyKleen Corporation Recycle Center Facility.” 14 July 1998. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/ca/sbs2/pdfs/oh7364.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Andy Lonzo (Safety Kleen) (740) 929-3532 

Jim Leach (614) 728-0041

Kim Reinbold (Ohio EPA Hazardous Waste Management) (614) 728-3887

Karen Hale (Ohio EPA) (614) 644-2927, karen.hale@epa.state.oh.us

Sirtaj Ahmed (EPA Project Coordinator) (312) 886-4445, ahmed.sirtaj@epamail.epa.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen (San Jose Facility)

EPA ID No.: CAD059494310 

Address: 1021 Berryessa Road, San Jose, CA 95112

County: Santa Clara

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Safety Kleen (aka Solvent Services, aka 

Laidlaw) operates a storage, treatment, and recycling facility for waste chemicals. The site 

occupies approximately three acres in a predominantly commercial/industrial area of San Jose. 

The facility began operations in 1974 under the name Solvent Services Company, Inc. 

Operations at that time did not include the waste water treatment system which now exists at the 

facility. The CA Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) issued a permit for storage 

and treatment of hazardous waste to the facility in 1990. Solvent Services was acquired by 

Laidlaw Environmental Services on December 31, 1994 and Solvent Services changed its name 

to Laidlaw Environmental Services in May 1997. In July 1998, the facility changed its name 

from Laidlaw Environmental Services (San Jose), Inc. to Safety-Kleen (San Jose), Inc. On 

September 7, 2002, the Safety Kleen site became a Clean Harbors Site. 

An inspection in April 2000 resulted in the facility being cited for several alleged violations, 

including labeling discrepancies, container management problems, and record keeping 

discrepancies. 

This site had an active Part B permit. It first received the permit in October 1983 and later was 

re-issued the permit in November 1989 after it expired. 

Description of Contamination: The contamination was discovered in the early 1980s and it is 

likely that some contamination may have occurred after 1982. A good amount of it occurred in 

the 1970s. Soils at the site are contaminated with various VOCs. The site is entirely covered with 

either asphalt or concrete. Historically, the site was heavily contaminated. A full-scale steam 

injection and vacuum extraction system was installed and began operating in 1989. This was 

later converted to a dual-phase extraction system. Approximately 71,000 VOCs have been 

removed between 1989 and 2001. In 1992, prior to major modifications and remodeling, the 

facility had a release of hazardous waste to the air as a result of an uncontrolled chemical 

reaction, which occurred during the blending of wastes within a tanker truck at the facility. This 

accident occurred prior to the installation of new tanks at the facility. Clean up is ongoing and it 
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is difficult to determine the costs as ownership has transferred numerous times over the course of 

clean up. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Draft Hazardous Waste Facility Permit: 

Safety Kleen: San Jose.” January 2002. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/Safety-Kleen_FS_CEQA_NegDec.pdf

EPA Region 9. “Documentation of Environmental Indicator Determination: Safety Kleen San

Jose.” 5 February 1999. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/228281032035d08788256acc007cb2c6/$FILE/

Safety_Kleen_(San_Jose)_310_EI_00.pdf

EPA Region 9. “RCRA Corrective Action Forms Addendum: Safety Kleen San Jose.” 

27 September 2000. 17 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/0/228281032035d08788256acc007cb2c6/$FILE/

Safety%20Kleen%20(San%20Jose)%20310%20+%2000.pdf

Smith, Marty (Remediation Group) (417) 358-0826, Interview 10/28/2005. 

USEPA. “Clean Harbors San Jose.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000484743

USEPA. “Safety Kleen San Jose.” RCRAInfo. 27 June 2002. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Marty Smith (Remediation Group) (417) 358-0826

Andrew Bernahicks (Project Officer at CADTSC) (510) 540-3956

Vince Christian (510) 622-2336
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen Corporation, Reedley Recycling Center

EPA ID No.: CAD093459485

Address: 1000 S. I St., Reedley, CA 93654

County: Fresno

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This is a solvent recycling facility, 

which recycles both halogenated and corrosive solvents. It received a settlement agreement with 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control DTSC in 2001 and a corrective action 

consent agreement in 2004. The facility has been in operation since 1972. 

There have been three inspections in the past three years; last inspection 10/6/2003. Two quarters 

in alleged non-compliance in past three years. No alleged current significant violations. Two 

informal enforcement actions were done in the past three years. 

In 2001, The California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) announced that it had 

reached a settlement agreement with Safety-Kleen Systems, Inc., which included $38,500 in 

penalties, for hazardous waste violations at its facility. The facility was cited by DTSC 

investigators for the following violations:

• Failure to properly analyze the hazardous waste generated by the activated carbon filtration 

system prior to shipping it to the company’s Buttonwillow facility for treatment and disposal 

in August of 1998. A roll-off bin containing this hazardous waste caught fire shortly after it 

was received at the Safety-Kleen Buttonwillow facility.

• Installation of a different, and larger, activated carbon filtration system on the thermal cooker 

before receiving approval from DTSC for a permit modification the company submitted in

October 1999. A thermal cooker solidifies waste material coming from the treatment tank 

prior to disposal. The application for the permit modification was subsequently approved by 

DTSC in December 1999.

• Installation and use of an activated carbon filtration system on the thermal cooker without 

prior authorization from DTSC in 1998.
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• Failure to give DTSC advance notice of the company’s planned installation of an activated 

carbon filtration system on a thermal cooker in 1998.

The contamination was discovered in 1989 when the facility was required to remove all tanks. 

The facility had a RCRA Part B permit, which was issued and re-issued on the following dates: 

9/11/1984, 9/11/1989, 6/30/1993, and 12/11/1998. 

Description of Contamination: The facility’s soil, subsurface soil, and groundwater are known 

to be contaminated. The main contaminant at the site is methylene chloride. Methylene chloride 

has been detected in groundwater at levels as high as thousands of ppm. However, soil venting 

may have reduced these concentrations. Previous monitoring data indicate that the following 

compounds have been detected above maximum contaminant levels (MCLs): benzene; 1,1-

dichloroethane (DCA); tetrachloroethylene (PCE); 1,1-dichloroethylene (DCE). Also, methylene 

chloride has been detected at elevated concentrations (thousands of ppm) in the past, and may 

have been reduced in part by soil venting. In over eight years of monitoring, there has been no 

evidence of off-site contamination (as of 2000). Approximately $2.5 million has been spent over 

the past few years at this site. 

Sources of Information

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Department Reaches Agreement with 

Safety-Kleen.” 21 November 2001. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PressRoom/upload/NEWS_2001_Safety-Kleen.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Docket HWCA: P1-03/04-004: Corrective 

Action Consent Agreement.” February 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Projects/upload/SK-Reedley_ENF_CACA.pdf

EPA Region 9. “RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms: Safety Kleen Reedly 

Recycling Center.” 3 April 2000. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/d057b34d75f2

c00f88256acc007d11c4/$FILE/Safety%20Kleen%20Reedley%20485%20+%2000.pdf

USEPA. “Enforcement & Compliance History Online: Safety Kleen Reedley Incorporated.” 9 

December 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/cgi-bin/get1cReport.cgi?tool=echo&IDNumber=110000482102
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USEPA. “Safety Kleen Reedly Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000482102

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Reedly Incorporated.” RCRAInfo. 7 November 2002. 18 January 2006. 

Vakili, Farshad (DTSC Sacramento), 916-255-3612, interview 10/28/2005

Additional Contacts: 

Ninon Stamoulis 559-643-2105 

Farshad Vakili (DTSC Sacramento) (916) 255-3612, fvakili@dtsc.ca.gov
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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen Corporation, Rohnert Park

EPA ID No.: CAT000613943

Address: 5750 Commerce Rohnert Park CA 94928

County: Sonoma

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Safety Kleen operated a proprietary 

solvent distribution and recycling service. A Cleanup and Abatement Order (CAO) (#99-56) is in 

effect for this facility. The facility is still in operation. It received a RCRA permit on 9/17/1994. 

The permit expired in October 2004. 

Description of Contamination: The facility had two underground storage tanks (USTs), 1,000 

gallons each that leaked mineral spirits, perchloroethylene (PCE), and tri-chloroethylene (TCE). 

The most recent ground water monitoring report indicates the presence of TCE (4 ppb), PCE (24 

ppb), cis-1,2-di-chloroethylene (DCE) (16 ppb) 1, 4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,1-DCE (6 ppb). 

Vinyl chloride in shallow ground water beneath the facility has declined from a maximum of 

over 500 ppb in 1997 to non detection as of the April 12, 2000 sampling. The plume does not 

extend off-site. Soils on and off-site were contaminated with various solvents. A soil vapor 

extraction (SVE) system began operation in July, 1993. The SVE system was shut down in July, 

1996, with RWQCB approval because the removal rate of the system had declined. Both tanks 

and soil were removed in August 1991. Contamination was not removed beneath buildings for 

reasons of structural stability. The entire facility is paved and there are no deed restrictions 

against digging or using the shallow ground water at the present time. The project manager feels 

that the residual contamination in subsurface soil is probably fairly low; however, there is no 

data to confirm this opinion. Soil gas investigations have been conducted. Some contamination 

did occur after RCRA was in place including a surface spill resulting from a drum leak. The site 

had California state permits. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 9. “Documentation of Environmental Indicator Determination: Safety Kleen 

Rohnert Park.” 5 February 2002. 17 January 2006.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/c2644a773

c83ec4c88256acc007c3c95/$FILE/Safety_Kleen_(Rohnert_Park)_943_EI_00.PDF
Appendix 1 December 2014

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EPA Region 9. “RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms Addendum: Safety 

Kleen Rohnert Park.” 9 November 2000. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/c2644a773

c83ec4c88256acc007c3c95/$FILE/Safety%20Kleen%20(Rohnert%20Park)%20943%20

+%2000.pdf

Rolandelli, Bonnie (CA SWRCB) (707) 576-2667, Interview 11/22/2005

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Rohnert Park.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000621408

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Rohnert Park.” RCRAInfo. 27 June 2002. 23 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts: 

Bonnie Rolandelli (707) 576-2667 rolab@rbl.swrcb.ca.gov

Sharon Halper (Family Contact) (707) 748-7507
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen Envirosystems Company

EPA ID No.: NJD002153922

Address: 600 Doremus Avenue, Newark, NJ

County: Essex

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Safety-Kleen Envirosystems 

Company site is located on approximately 9.5 acres in a heavily industrialized area of Newark, 

New Jersey. During the 1800s, the site was part of the Balbach Smelting and Refining 

Corporation Works, which refined lead and copper. The refining operations ceased in 1938 and 

the ownership was transferred to the City of Newark. It was inactive until purchased in 1952 by 

the Kolker Chemical Company, which manufactured chemicals at the location, including 

chlorine, methylene chloride, methyl chloride, chloroform and plasticizers. 

In 1974, Inland Chemical Corporation purchased the property, phasing out chemical 

manufacturing and initiating solvent recovery operations in 1975. In 1976, the southern portion 

of the property was sold to Darling International for rendering of animal byproducts. Inland and 

McKesson Envirosystems Company merged in 1981. In October 1982, an explosion and fire 

destroyed much of the operations at the site and it has been inactive and vacant ever since. In 

1987, Safety-Kleen Corporation acquired the stock of McKesson and renamed the company 

Safety-Kleen Envirosystems.

In 1982, McKesson Envirosystem Company entered into an Administrative Consent Order with 

the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) for investigations of the site. 

Subsequent investigations and inspections identified a number of units and areas of concerns. In 

1993, Safety-Kleen Envirosystems Company and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (which 

shipped waste to the site) entered into an Administrative Consent Order with NJDEP to conduct 

remedial investigations and remedial measures, if necessary. 

This site does not hold a RCRA Part B permit. 

Description of Contamination: Due to poor manufacturing operation and maintenance 

practices, the site’s soil and groundwater are contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls 

(PCBs) and volatile and semi-volatile organics, such as methylene chloride, vinyl chloride, 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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chloroform, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, cis-1,2 Dichloroethylene and xylenes. 

Contamination of soil and groundwater includes PCBs, volatile, and semi-volatile organics. 

Some contamination occurred after 1982, and the facility was closed 2 days after the explosion 

and subsequent fire. The cost of clean up has amounted to $2.75 million for groundwater remedy 

and $1.76 million for soil.

Sources of Information:

Abdellatif, Sameh (212) 637-4103, Interview 1 November 2005.

EPA Region 2. “Hazardous Waste Cleanup Site Fact Sheet: Safety-Kleen Envirosystems Co.” 3 

November 2005.18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/waste/njstate.htm

EPA Region 2. “Hazardous Waste Cleanup Site Fact Sheet: Safety-Kleen Envirosystems.” 3 

November 2005.18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/waste/fssafene.pdf

USEPA. “McKesson Envirosystems Co.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. 18 January 2006. 18 

January 2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility

USEPA. “Safety-Kleen Envirosystems.” RCRAInfo. 26 November 2001.

Additional Contacts:

NJ DEP, Division of Solid & Hazardous Waste Records Center, 401 E. State Street, 6th Floor, 

Trenton, NJ 08625, (609) 777-3373

Sameh Abdellatif, EPA Region 2 Contact, (212) 637-4103, abdellatif.sameh@epa.gov

Mark Walters (609) 633-1486
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen Systems, Inc.

EPA ID No.: VAD981043011

Address: Chester Service Center, 1200 W. Hundred Road, Chester, VA 

23831

County: Chesterfield

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Since the 1980s, when the site was 

purchased from a petroleum supplier, Safety-Kleen in Chester, VA has distributed, collected, and 

reclaimed solvents in a legitimate, regulated solvent recycling facility. Customers include 

automotive repair shops, industrial maintenance facilities, photo processors, and dry cleaners. 

The 9-acre Safety-Kleen site is 1.5 miles south of the James River and bordered by a general 

business zone and private residences. The facility is still in operation. RCRA permits were issued 

December 1990; August 1996; and September 2002. Contamination occurred most likely during 

1980s before the site had a RCRA Part B Permit. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination stemming from Safety-Kleen activities includes 

mineral spirits in soils and sub-soils, and 1,1-dichloroethene and tetrachloroethene in 

groundwater. In 1998, Safety-Kleen connected a neighboring private home to the public water 

supply. Safety-Kleen continues to monitor groundwater contamination, and groundwater 

sampling has shown a downward trend in contamination. 

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 3. “Region 3 GPRA Baseline RCRA Corrective Action Facility: Bingham & 

Taylor.” 1 July 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/ca/va/pdf/vad981043011.pdf

Jacobi, Mik (Region 3) (215) 814-3435, Interview 7 November 2005. 

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 19 January 2006.

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Systems 315401.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list_tri?tri_fac_id=23831SFTYK1200W
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Additional Contacts:

Kurt Stafford (VADEQ) (804) 698-4005, kastafford@deq.virginia.gov

Mik Jacobi (EPA Region 3) (215) 814-3435,jacobi.mike@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Safety-Kleen, Inc., El Monte

EPA ID No.: CAT00613893

Address: 10625 Hickson St. Unit A, El Monte CA 91731

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility is a branch of SafetyKleen’s chemical distribution/recycling. Used chemicals, including mineral spirits, spent 

immersion cleaners, dry cleaning wastes, lacquer thinner wastes and spent antifreeze are 

collected from the customers and stored at the facility while awaiting shipment to recycling 

centers. California’s Department of Toxic Substances Control manages the soils on the property. 

There have been eight inspections in the past three years; last inspection 4/21/2005. Nine 

quarters in alleged non-compliance in past three years, and there are current alleged significant 

violations. There have been five informal and one formal enforcement action in past three years. 

This was a RCRA Corrective Action site.

Description of Contamination: Contaminated soil was removed from solid waste management 

units (SWMUs) and regulated units. In the past, there were groundwater releases at the site, but 

currently (as of 2000) there are no detections of groundwater contaminants above maximum 

contaminant levels (MCLs) at the facility. It is likely that contamination occurred post-RCRA, 

but it is unclear when contamination actually occurred. Cost of cleanup is unknown. 

Sources of Information

EPA Region 9 “RCRA Corrective Action Environmental Indicator Forms Addendum: Safety 

Kleen El Monte.” 15 May 2000. 17 January 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r9/r9coract.nsf/92e28fb9e2f1a35a88256a72006760cb/d766525a9

715718288256acc007cd0eb/$FILE/Safety%20Kleen%20El%20Monte%20893%20+%20

00.pdf

Senga, Robert. (Project Manager, DTSC Cypress) (714) 484-5436, Interview 11/7/05.

USEPA. “Enforcement & Compliance History Online: Safety Kleen.” 9 December 2005. 23 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/cgibin/get1cReport.cgi?tool=echo&IDNumber=110000621391

USEPA. “Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Site Progress 
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Profile: Safety Kleen, Inc. El Monte.” 10 December 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=CAT000613893

USEPA. “Safety Kleen Systems Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 

24 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000621391

Additional Contacts:

Robert Senga (Project Manager, DTSC Cypress) (714) 484-5436 rsenga@dtsc.ca.gov

Aaron Yue (714) 484-5439 

Sara Brothers (Facility Contact) (503) 341-3866
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Sandoval Zinc Company

EPA ID No.: ILD053980454

Address: 263 Smelter Road, Sandoval, IL, 62882-0263

County: Marion

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: ILD053980454

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Located in Sandoval, Illinois, the 

Sandoval Zinc Company site is a former secondary zinc smelter. The 14-acre site was originally 

operated as a primary zinc smelter by the Swansea Vale Zinc Company, beginning in 1898. In 

1936, the facility was sold to the Sandoval Zinc Company, which continued to operate as a 

primary zinc smelter for 15 years at which time it was converted to secondary zinc smelting. As 

a secondary smelter, facility used compounds including pure zinc, zinc oxide, zinc chloride, and 

possibly other trace metals. The facility closed in 1985, and the company filed for bankruptcy in 

1986. The site is currently inactive and is owned by a private individual.

During operation, large amounts of cinders, slag, and other waste from the smelting process were 

used as fill on the property and surfacing for a number of roads on the site. The remaining waste 

was placed in a five-acre pile on site. Waste also was offered to the town and the public for other 

fill and construction needs. 

The first studies at the site began in 1975, followed by CERCLA assessment and inspections 

which occurred in 1986 and 1988, respectively. In 1991 the Illinois Environmental Protection 

Agency began its first cleanup at the site, after fuel oil spilled from an above-ground tank. This 

was followed by a feasibility study begun in 1993, and further cleanup in 1998. This cleanup 

included the demolition and disposal of site buildings and enclosed materials. In 2010, a statefunded site inspection was undertaken, followed in September 2011 by the site being added to 

the National Priorities List.

Description of Contamination: Damage and contamination on the site is primarily related to 

the abandoned cinders and slag, which have been shown to contain elevated levels of lead, zinc, 

and other metals. Contaminants from this waste have also migrated off site into a drainage ditch 

and adjacent ponds and wetlands. Antimony, arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel, and zinc 

were all detected in the wetland above U.S. EPA’s screening values. The source for 

contamination is determined to primarily be the remaining waste pile of cinders and slag, and 

contaminants have been found in soils and surface water, including some off-site locations. 

The site has been under investigation for a number of years and has been the subject of a few 

cleanup activities in the 1990s. Although site fencing was replaced and repaired in 1998, access 

remains unrestricted and trespasser contact with the hazardous wastes and soils remains possible 
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and likely as investigations showed signs of recreational use. Following the cleanups and 

inspections in the 1990s, another inspection was undertaken in 2010 which resulted in the site 

being added to the NPL. No Federally initiated cleanups have been undertaken, although 

investigations are underway. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Region 5, Cleanup Sites. Sandoval Zinc Company. Accessed Online. November 

2011: http://www.epa.gov/region5/cleanup/sandovalzinc/

2. USEPA. EPA Planning New Round of Yard Sampling. Sandoval Zinc Company Site. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/cleanup/sandovalzinc/pdfs/sandoval_fs_20100712.pdf

3. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Sandoval Zinc Company. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1839.htm

4. USEPA. Superfund (Cerclis). Query Results. Sandoval Zinc Company. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclisquery.get_report?pgm_sys_id=ILD053980454

5. USEPA. HRS Documentation Record. Sandoval Zinc Company Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/docrec/pdoc1839.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Saran Protective Coatings

EPA ID No.: MIN000509094

Address: 17332 Shields Street, Detroit, MI 48212

County: Wayne

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 509094

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Saran Protective Coatings Co. (SPC) 

was incorporated in 1950 and operated at this location from 1987 to 2002. Operations included 

recycling lubricants and manufacturing protective coatings for metal products, specializing in 

polyurethane coatings. Waste from another SPC facility on Oakman Boulevard in Detroit, 

Michigan, was also transferred to this location until 1987. SPC ceased operations in August 

2002. A main production building, three storage buildings, an office/laboratory building, and a 

shed occupy the site. 

Description of Contamination: In October 2003, approximately 400 abandoned drums were 

observed by the USEPA on-site assessment, as well as numerous small containers and 

laboratory-sized containers. Analytical results for samples collected from the drums and 

containers on indicated the presence of corrosive and ignitable materials as well as solvent 

materials. USEPA has initiated a fund lead cleanup as enforcement efforts were not effective due 

to the potentially responsible party (PRP) claiming the lack of needed funds to conduct the 

cleanup.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 5. “Reports of Significant Developments and Activities ending on October 8, 

2004.” 15 October 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/significant_actions/2004/041008.txt

USEPA. “Saran Protective Coatings.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110003634274

USEPA. “Saran Protective Coatings.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. www.epaosc.net/S

USEPA. “Saran Protective Coatings.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0509094

Additional Contacts:
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-446

Jeffrey Kimble (OSC) (734) 692-7688 kimble.jeffrey@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-447

Site Information:

Site Name: Schuylkill Metals Corp.

EPA ID No.: FLD062794003

Address: 402 S Woodrow Wilson Dr., Plant City, FL 33566

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: Deleted: 8/22/2001

In CERCLIS Database: 0400710

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility recovered lead from 

storage batteries from 1972 until 1986. The process consisted of transporting the batteries to the 

site, sawing the tops off, dumping the sulfuric acid on the ground and loading the lead plates 

onto a railroad car to go to the smelter. Empty battery casings were put in an on-site landfill. 

In October 1988, a RCRA closure permit was issued under the provisions of Section 403.722, 

Florida Statutes, and Florida Administrative Code Rules 17-3, 17-4, 17-21, and 17-30. This 

directed Schuylkill Metals to close the unlined hazardous waste pond and specified the closure 

procedures. The RCRA closure/post-closure plan for the disposal pond will be addressed by the 

CERCLA design for remedial action. This site did not have a RCRA Part B permit. 

Description of Contamination: EPA determined that the pollution from this site was due to 

current operations, thereby subjecting the facility to RCRA Corrective Action not CERCLA. 

Groundwater underlying the facility was contaminated with heavy metals such as lead and 

chromium, as well as sulfate and ammonia. 

The cleanup expenditure at this site as of September 2004 was $612,421.63. 

Sources of Information:

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

15 January 2004. 

USEPA. “Schuylkill Metals Corp.” RCRAInfo. 2 September 2000. 21 January 2006.

USEPA. “Schuylkill Metals of Plant City Incorporated.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000611446

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Schuylkill Metals.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 

January 2006. http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400710
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-448

USEPA. “Superfund Record of Decision: Schuylkill Metals Corp.”28 September 1990. 20 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0490061.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Randall Chaffins (RPM) (404) 562-8929

Galo Jackson (RPM) (404) 562-8937

Don Rigger (OSC) (404) 347-3931

Kelsey Helton FL (850) 245-8967

Jennifer K. Wills (404) 562-9562

Annette Hill (404) 562-8060
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-449

Site Information:

Site Name: Scorpio Recycling, Inc.

EPA ID No.: PRD987376662

Address: State Road #2 KM 19.7 (Acuna Street), Candeleria Ward, 

Puerto Rico 00759

County: Toa Baja Municipality

NPL Site: Final: 2/4/2000

In CERCLIS Database: 0203570

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Scorpio Recycling, Inc. (SRI) is a 6.5 

acre metal recycling company that purchases, accumulates, and processes a variety of scrap 

metals for resale to foundries in the United States and Brazil. The facility began operating in 

1972 as Astur Metals, Inc. and changed its name to Scorpio Recycling, Inc. in 1988. The site 

contains five main areas: battery accumulation and aluminum cans compacting building, 

aluminum processing building, offices and red metals processing building, maintenance shop, 

and batteries and other metals accumulation building. The facility is located between karst hills 

in an aquifer recharge area. Since the time when battery crushing had ceased the site has been 

used for the temporary storage of scrap steel. Available facility records indicate that the facility 

receives approximately 9-million pounds of scrap material per month from outside sources. The 

site is still in operation today.

Description of Contamination: Scorpio Recycling, Inc. is still under investigation by USEPA. 

Over 2.4 million batteries were crushed and stored at the Scorpio site between 1972 and 1982. 

Battery fluids were dumped directly onto the soil. Packaging and shipping of batteries continued 

until 1982. In 1991, poor housekeeping practices were observed at the site, including stained and 

corroded floors, spills, batteries on the ground and on pallets, lead battery cells open to the 

atmosphere, acidic runoff flowing into the sinkhole area, and stressed vegetation. USEPA testing 

in 1991 and 1993 revealed that onsite soil and water had been contaminated with barium, lead, 

and vanadium. USEPA testing in 1999 in the former battery crushing area revealed surface soil 

lead concentrations of 109,000 ppm. Across the entire Scorpio site, the average surface soil lead 

concentration was approximately 18,000 ppm. Release to area groundwater has occurred and is a 

potential threat to the aquifer and local drinking water supply. Over 1,000 tons of scrap metal 

needed to be removed from the site. 

Sources of Information:

Torres, Ramon (EPA RPM) (787) 977-5844, Interview 8 July 2005.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-450

USEPA. “EPA Places Contaminated Scorpio Recycling, Inc. Site in Toa Baja on the Superfund 

National Priorities List.” 3 February 2000. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2000/00022.htm

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet Scorpio Recycling, Inc.” April 2004. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0203570c.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Scorpio Recycling, Inc.” 22 October 1999. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0203570.pdf

USEPA. “Scorpio Recycling, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0203570

USEPA. “Scorpio Recycling Corp.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110018864371

Additional Contacts:

Juan Davila (SAM): (212) 637-4341

Ramon Torres (RPM): (787) 977-5844
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-451

Site Information:

Site Name: Sentco Paints

EPA ID No.: OHD981094212

Address: 1301 N Meridian Road, Youngstown, OH 44511

County: Mahoning

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Sentco Paints was a manufacturer and 

wholesale distributor of paint and asphalt products. The facility accepted unused paint to recycle 

or rework into their products. 

Description of Contamination: There is soil contamination as a result of activities which took 

place in the 1980s. Paint was found stored in leaking drums, buried under a loading dock, open 

burned, and drums of paint started showing up in dumpsters around town. Roland Brothers, 

President of Sentco, Rick Brothers, Plant Manager, and Donald Cole, a company employee 

pleaded guilty in June 1992 to illegal disposal of hazardous waste for burying 56 drums of paint 

waste under a cement loading dock at the plant site. The guilty pleas resulted in sentences of 15 

months incarceration for Roland Brothers, 18 months incarceration for Rick Brothers, and 6 

months home detention for Donald Cole. On March 17, 1994, Sentco Paint Manufacturing 

Company, Inc. was sentenced to 3 years probation and an $8,000 fine for its part in violating 

RCRA through the illegal disposal of hazardous wastes. 

Sources of Information: 

Hale, Karen (Ohio EPA). Email correspondence to David Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste). 

24 June 2005.

USEPA. “FY 1994 Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Accomplishments Report.” (n.d.) 

18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Compliance/resources/reports/planning/results/fy94accomplishment.

pdf

Additional Contacts:

David Taliaferro (Region 5)
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-452

Site Information:

Site Name: Sierra Battery Sales

EPA ID No.: CAD983650128

Address: 977 Lochbrae RD, Sacramento, CA 95815

County: Sacramento

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0904607

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Sierra Battery Sales has been in 

operation since 1963. The facility bought and sold used automobile batteries and stored nonsellable batteries in the alley prior to shipment off-site for recycling. State funds have been 

allocated to excavate and remove the contaminated soil on site. In 1995, task orders were being 

prepared to encumber the money for the removal action. In 1996 a removal action was performed 

which consisted of excavation and disposal of approximately 477 cubic yards of lead 

contaminated soils. 

DTSC settled its cost recovery action with the defendants when the Settlement Agreement and 

Consent Decree was filed in the U.S. District Court on November 23, 1999. 

Description of Contamination: Historical activities at this site included the burial of battery 

parts underground in two locations in the alley. In 1988 California Department of Toxic 

Substances Control (DTSC) Surveillance and Enforcement responded to a complaint alleging the 

improper handling of batteries. 120 cracked batteries were observed. Soil samples collected onsite indicated hazardous waste levels of lead as high as 8,920 mg/kg. The operator's private 

residence and a mobile home park, both adjacent to site, displayed lead contamination.

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Sierra Battery Sales.” Site Cleanup– Site 

Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=34360054

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005.

USEPA. “Sierra Battery Sales.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 24 January 2006.

 http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0904607

USEPA. “Sierra Battery Sales.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-453

 http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009268915
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-454

Site Information:

Site Name: Singleton Battery

EPA ID No.: FLD980845

Address: 551 North Ellis Road, Jacksonville, FL 322050

County: Duval

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This facility was a battery recycling 

facility that discharged waste acid/lead to the ground at the facility. The facility closed, but they 

are still in the process of cleaning up the site under a generator closure consent order. Final 

RCRA closure was designated in February 2002.

Description of Contamination: This facility has off-site contamination.

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Singleton Battery Co Inc” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002542589

Additional Contacts:

John Saltford (Facility owner) (904) 783-0110

Augusta Posner (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) (850) 245-2285 

augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-455

Site Information:

Site Name: Singleton Battery/TPA

EPA ID No.: FLD980845697

Address: 2120 N. 71st Street, Tampa, FL 33619

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Singleton Battery is a lead acid battery 

supplier, service, and repair facility. 

Description of Contamination: Operations resulted in soil and groundwater contamination 

(lead and low pH). The site is being cleaned up under a generator closure consent order. 

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “Singleton Battery Co Inc” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 19 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110002531369

Additional Contacts:

Fred Singleton (Facility Owner) (813) 621-4618

Augusta Posner (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) (850) 245-2285, 

augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-456

Site Information

Site Name: Smith Chemical

EPA ID No.: OHN000509086

Address: 1221 3rd Street N.E., Canton, OH

County: Stark

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0509086

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site includes a four-story brick 

building with a basement; a parking lot; and the surrounding property. The Smith Chemical 

Corporation was founded by George and John Smith and began operations in January 1976. The 

company performed chemical manufacturing; custom chemical blending, packaging and 

brokerage; and chemical distribution to customers in Ohio and the five contiguous states. The 

company's markets included chemical manufacturers, steel manufacturers, oil and gas producers, 

oil refiners, drillers and service companies, metal plating, and publicly owned treatment works 

(POTWs). The company received molten sulfur in bulk tank trucks and converted it into various 

solid forms as required by its customers in the steel industry. In addition, the company performed 

chlorination of spent hydrochloric acid pickle liquor (SPL) and subsequently sold the resulting 

product (ferric chloride) as a treatment chemical for phosphate removal from wastewater at 

POTWs. The company also offered leased space in its Canton warehouse to other businesses. On 

May 18, 1993, Smith Chemical Corporation filed a petition pursuant to Chapter 7 bankruptcy. 

Service Chem of Ohio (SCO) began operating at the site in 1994 and reportedly ceased 

operations in November 2001. SCO was owned and operated by the same individuals who 

owned and operated Smith Chemical Corporation. The current site owner purchased the property 

for $5 on December 18, 2002, at the County Auditor's Auction (Forfeited Land Sale). Reportedly 

the current owner planned to donate the property to a local charity for demolition and 

redevelopment into affordable, single-family dwellings.

Description of Contamination: In September 2003, nearly 800 drums and smaller containers 

were observed at the site. Corrosive and flammable materials were present on the site as well as 

large pools of spilled liquid in the basement and first floor. In addition, containers in the on-site 

laboratory that contain hazardous substances were small enough to be easily manipulated or 

transported off site. Based on laboratory analyses, container labels, and the facility historical 

chemical inventory records, hazardous substances existed on site and were contained in 55-

gallon drums and smaller containers in varying conditions.

Sources of Information: 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-457

USEPA. “Enforcement Action Summary Fiscal Year 2004 Comprehensive Environmental 

Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/orc/enfactions/enfactions2004/law-cercla.htm#freeman

USEPA. “Memorandum: Reports on Significant Developments and Activities Ending on May 7, 

2004.” 7 May 2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/significant_actions/2004/040507.txt

USEPA. “Smith Chemical.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0509086

USEPA. “Smith Chemical Freeman Environmental PRP.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. (n.d). 

18 January 2006. http://www.epaosc.net/site_profile.asp?site_id=B58F(V-W-04-C779

Additional Contacts:

Reginald Pallesen (EPA) 312-886-0555

James Augustyn (OSC) (440) 250-1742, augustyn.james@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-458

Site Name: Smokey Mountain Smelters

EPA ID No.: TND098071061

Address: 1508 Maryville Pike, Knoxville, TN 37920

County: Knox

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: TND098071061

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Smokey Mountain Smelters (SMS) 

site was originally occupied by a series of fertilizer and agricultural chemical companies that 

operated from the 1920s to the 1960s. SMS, also known as Rotary Furnace, Inc., operated a 

secondary aluminum smelting operation at the site from 1979 to 1994, and the site has been 

inactive since that time. The process involved the melting of scrap aluminum and aluminum 

dross (a waste by-product of primary and secondary aluminum smelting) and casting molten 

aluminum ingots. Waste material from the SMS operation was primarily saltcake, a residue from 

dross smelting with high salt and low metal content. Other waste materials included baghouse 

dust and discarded aluminum dross. Approximately four acres of the site are covered in a waste 

pile consisting of saltcake and aluminum dross that was dumped directly on the land surface 

without a liner or drainage controls.

In 1983, the Tennessee Division of Solid Waste Management issued a notice to SMS with the 

conclusion that the site was “unsuitable for use as an industrial landfill;” however, landfilling on 

site continued for several years. In addition, the Knox County Department for Air Pollution 

Control (KCDAPC) documented numerous citizen complaints regarding excessive air emissions 

from the site, and cited SMS for several air quality violations in the 1980s. The 29-acre, wooded 

site has been abandoned since the death of the owner/operator in 1994. 

The SMS Superfund Site was placed on the National Priorities List on September 27, 2010. The 

listed site is approximately 13 acres in size and includes one large industrial process building, a 

small lagoon, a large outside saltcake waste pile, and three mid-sized indoor dross waste piles. 

The process building is approximately 100 feet wide, 300 feet long, and 50 feet high. It housed 

equipment and three 900 cubic-yard (each) piles of aluminum dross. All of the buildings at the 

site were recently demolished, and all of the demolition debris from these buildings has been 

taken off-site for disposal/recycling. Most of the secondary aluminum smelting waste (saltcake 

and dross) and other non-recyclable waste still remains on site.

The spring-fed lagoon on site measures approximately 25 feet wide by 100 feet long and is 

located to the southeast of the process building. The saltcake waste pile is approximately 50,500 

cubic yards in size and covers an area of about four acres on the south side of the process 

building. Surface runoff from the site generally flows to the southwest. Leachate and surface 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-459

runoff discharges to an unnamed tributary stream, reaching Flenniken Branch and, eventually, 

the Tennessee River.

During a 2008 site visit, U.S EPA observed that access controls were not adequate to keep 

trespassers out of the property. A residential apartment community with 560 residents was 

located 75 feet from the site, and holes had been cut in the perimeter fence where a path led from 

the apartment complex to the site. A limited time-critical removal action was initiated to provide 

stronger security measures to keep trespassers away from the water-reactive dross material. This 

included repairing a security fence surrounding the site to deter trespassers from entering the 

property. In addition, data were collected to determine if further waste removal or treatment 

action was necessary.

In 2010 and 2011, EPA performed initial cleanup activities to address hazards and stabilize the 

site. EPA removed physical and chemical hazards. Buried wastes were either removed from the 

site or safely landfilled onsite. The land was graded to control rain water run-off. The lagoon was 

removed. The surface water drainage ditch and the creek were filled with rock to eliminate 

contact with potentially hazardous water or leachate. 

By June of 2011, EPA finished the partial clean-up operation. EPA will keep the site stabilized 

and plant grass. The environmental work is not complete, and EPA’s on-site and off-site 

comprehensive investigation continues. Work to maintain the site is expected to continue for 

several years. 

Description of Contamination: Approximately 2,700 cubic yards of aluminum dross and 

75,000 cubic yards of salt cake remain on site in two uncontrolled waste piles. The dross residues 

contain extremely corrosive and water-soluble salts containing aluminum nitride, sodium and 

potassium chlorides, and heavy metals. Arsenic was detected in groundwater on site in excess of 

U.S. EPA's Safe Drinking Water Act maximum contaminant levels. Polychlorinated biphenyls

and arsenic were detected in on site soils in excess of U.S. EPA's risk screening levels. Cadmium 

was detected in the sediment of an unnamed tributary next to the site in excess of EPA's 

sediment screening value.

Multiple sampling events were conducted between 1997 and 2006 to characterize the 

composition and contaminant concentrations in the waste piles, the raw material piles, the on-site 

lagoon, leachate to the unnamed tributary, and downstream impacts to the unnamed tributary and 

Flenniken Branch. Dross and saltcake are exothermically water-reactive materials that release 

heat and ammonia gas, and leach aluminum, ammonia, chlorides, and other contaminants.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-460

In 1997, the State of Tennessee collected surface water and waste samples at SMS. Elevated 

levels of ammonia, arsenic, lead, and aluminum were found in surface waters at the site. 

Elevated levels of aluminum, polyaeromatic hydrocarbons, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide and 

ammonia were found in the on-site waste pile. Headspace air samples over the waste pile 

measured elevated concentrations of ammonia. The State collected additional samples from the 

site in 2001, 2003, and 2004 to monitor on-going surface water conditions. Analysis of these 

samples showed that arsenic, lead, and aluminum concentrations in surface waters leaving the 

site had increased. Levels of chlorides were significantly above background levels in surface 

waters leaving the site that were. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, chlorides, and pH were 

found along the entire length of the unnamed tributary to the Flenniken Branch downstream of 

the site.

Sources of Information:

1. Tennessee Department of Health. Environmental Health Update Smokey Mountain 

Smelters (SMS), Knoxville, Knox County. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://health.state.tn.us/Environmental/PDFs/SMS-factsheet-072511.pdf

2. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Smoky Mountain Smelters. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100093

31222

3. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. Smoky Mountain Smelters. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1817.htm

4. USEPA. On-Scene Coordinator Profile. Smoky Mountain Smelters. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: http://www.epaosc.org/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=4643

5. USEPA. Region 4 Superfund Site Summary Profile, Smoky Mountain Smelters. 

Accessed Online. November 2011:

http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/npltn/smokeymtnsmeltn.html
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-461

Site Information

Site Name: SoGreen Waste Pile, Parramore Fertilizer, Barren Area 

(contiguous sites)

EPA ID No.: GAD984321661 

Address: Highland Avenue., Tifton, GA, 31794

County: Tift

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0406099

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: SoGreen Waste Pile held a permit for 

storage of 500 cubic yards of K061 inside of a building. Their primary business was mixing the 

K061 with six parts of agricultural lime for sale as a micronutrient package. The business 

declined in 1986, and, in about seven months, the facility had accepted over 60,000 tons of K061 

and stored it on the ground in piles up to 30 feet high. Various industrial wastewaters were 

applied to the pile for dust suppression.

Description of Contamination: This site has a known release of cadmium in groundwater at 

levels exceeding the reportable quantity. No human exposure via drinking water is suspected 

from this release. The nearest drinking water well is between one and two miles from the area 

affected by the release. Other substances in groundwater include lead, chromium, barium, and 

mercury. This site, which has unlimited access, has a known release of cadmium in soil at levels 

exceeding the reportable quantity. The nearest resident individual is between 301 and 1000 feet 

from the area affected by the release. Other substances on site: lead; chromium; arsenic; barium; 

beryllium; mercury; silver; selenium; thallium; benzo(a)anthracene; benzo(a)pyrene; 

benzo(b)fluoranthene; iso(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; chrysene; dibenzo(a,h)anthracene; 

fluoranthene; indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene; phenanthrene; pyrene; acetone; dichloromethane; and 

tetrachloroethene. Although the recycling was legitimate, the facility accepted too much waste 

and poor management thereof led to damage. 

Sources of Information: 

Georgia Environmental Protection Division. “Site Number 10142 Site Summary: SoGreen Waste 

Pile.” Hazardous Site Inventory. 1 July 2004. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.dnr.state.ga.us/environ/gaenviron_files/hazwaste_files/hsi_100-199.pdf.

Smith, Mark (Hazardous Waste Management Branch, Georgia Department of Natural 

Resources). Letter to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 21 February 2005.
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-462

USEPA. “Parramore Fertilizer.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 20 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0406099.

USEPA. “Parramore Fertilizer.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110009163056. 

Additional Contacts:

Jim McNamara and Jan Simmons (Georgia Department of Natural Resources) (404) 656-7802
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-463

Site Information:

Site Name: South Brunswick Asphalt

EPA ID No.: NJD986630747 

Address: Gladney Avenue, Berkley, NJ 08721

County: Ocean

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0203669

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The South Brunswick Asphalt facility 

makes asphalt and recycles asphalt wastes, concrete and tree stumps. Since 1983, a large quantity 

of coal tar emulsion wastes mixed with sand and gravel were stockpiled on-site in an unpaved 

and unbermed outdoor area. Other environmental concerns at the South Brunswick Asphalt site 

include an inactive landfill area, abandoned drums, three waste oil lagoons and discarded 

electrical transformers. 

Funding sources include a corporate business tax ($845,000) and hazardous discharge site 

cleanup fund ($150,000). 

Description of Contamination: Preliminary sampling conducted by the New Jersey Department 

of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) in 1990 and 1992 confirmed that the soil and ground 

water at the property were contaminated with various chlorinated and non-chlorinated volatile 

organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds. 

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “South Brunswick Asphalt.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 18 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0203669

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. “NJ Publicly Funded Cleanups Site 

Status Report 2003: South Brunswick Asphalt.” 

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/srp/publications/site_status/2003/pdf/ocean.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: Spectron, Inc.

EPA ID No.: MDDD000218008

Address: 111 Providence Rd., Elkton, MD 21921

County: Cecil

NPL Site: Final: 5/31/1994

In CERCLIS Database: 0300192

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Spectron, Inc., site is comprised of 

approximately 8 acres, located just outside of Elkton, Maryland, in a rural residential area. In 

1961, Galaxy Chemicals, Inc., began a solvent recovery operation that treated wastes generated 

by the electronics, pharmaceutical, paint, and chemical process industries. The site had 

previously been a paper mill. Galaxy Chemicals went bankrupt in 1975, and the facility was reopened as Solvent Distillers, Inc., with primarily the same ownership. Solvent Distillers which 

later became Spectron, Inc., closed the facility in 1988 and declared bankruptcy. At the time the 

facility closed, all of its RCRA Part A permits were expired. 

Solvent recovery operations used several lagoons on-site to store wastes. Nearby residents 

repeatedly complained about the odors emanating from the lagoons and from a sludge pit. The 

site has a history of improper management of recyclables and disposal of residuals. During a 

joint USEPA and Maryland Water Resources Administration inspection at the site in 1979, 

approximately 1,500 drums were found in the area of the former evaporation lagoon. 

Approximately 500 of these drums were damaged, rusting, open, and leaking. Adjacent to this 

lagoon was a sludge pit that received solid residues until it was filled in June, 1969. Also located 

on the site were between 50 and 73 tanks holding 582,000 gallons of hazardous substances, 

including chlorinated solvents, other organic compounds, and heavy metals.

Description of Contamination: When Spectron went bankrupt and ceased operations, 

approximately 500,000 gallons of flammable liquids, 1,100 drums, and 67 large storage tanks 

containing hazardous chemicals and waste were left at the site. The USEPA disposed of these 

wastes and negotiated an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) with potentially responsible 

parties to clean out flammable sludges from the tanks. Another AOC was signed in 1991 

requiring over one hundred potentially responsible parties (PRPs) (the site has approximately 

1,000 PRPs) to control seeps of contaminated groundwater along the west bank of Little Elk 

Creek. 
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The soil and groundwater are heavily contaminated with predominately chlorinated organic 

solvents. Little Elk Creek traverses the site and was contaminated, including pure product in the 

sediments, by site activities. 

In April 1998, USEPA and Maryland Department of the Environment decided that a ground 

water containment, collection, and treatment system would be installed to catch and treat 

contaminated seeps discharging from the site. Construction began in the fall of 1998 and was 

completed in September, 2000.

In March 2003, a Federal District Judge in the United States District Court for the District of 

Maryland finalized a settlement which required de minimis parties to pay $5.3 million toward the 

clean-up of the Spectron site. The de minimis settlement included approximately 500 parties who 

sent relatively small amounts of hazardous material to the site while it was in operation. The 

estimated present worth cost of the remedy was $9,492,014 according to the September 16, 2004 

Record of Decision.

Sources of Information:

EPA Region 3: Mid-Atlantic Superfund. “Current Site Information: Galaxy/Spectron Inc.” 28 

October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/MDD000218008/index.htm

Maryland Department of the Environment. “Facts about: Galaxy/Spectron Site.” 8 December 

2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.mde.state.md.us/assets/document/brownfields/spectron.pdf

Sanchez, Robert (EPA RPM) (215) 814-3451, Interview 15 November 2001. 

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Spectron, Inc Site.” 16 September 2004. 17 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/MDD000218008/rod/2004-09-

16/index.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Spectron Inc.” 31 May 1994. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0300192.pdf

USEPA. “Spectron Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0300192

USEPA. “Spectron, Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110001767268
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Additional Contacts:

Robert Sanchez, EPA Region 3 (215) 814-3451, sanchez.robert@epa.gov

Carrie Deitzel, Community Involvement Coordinator (215) 814-5525

Rashmi Mathur, Remedial Project Manager (215) 814-5234, mathur.rashmi@epa.gov

Kim Lemaster, Maryland Department of the Environment/Federal Superfund Division

(410) 537-3440
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Site Information

Site Name: Standard Chlorine of Delaware

EPA ID No.: DED041212473

Address: 745 Governor Lea Rd, PO 319, New Castle, DE 19720

County: New Castle

NPL Site: Final: 7/22/1987

In CERCLIS Database: 0300058

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Metachem, and its predecessor, 

Standard Chlorine (SC), was an organic chemical manufacturer that produced a variety of 

polychlorobenzenes for more than 35 years. The facility operated as Standard Chlorine from 

1966 to late 1998 when it was purchased by Connecticut-based Charter Oak Capital Partners and 

renamed Metachem. The site was situated on 85 acres but only 46 acres of the property was 

actively used to produce chemicals. Metachem and Standard Chlorine were leading global 

producers of a class of highly specialized family of chemicals, known as polychlorobenzenes, 

composed of chlorine and benzene. Standard Chlorine and Metachem's line of chemical products 

included, but was not limited to: monochlorobenzene (mono), paradichlorobenzene (para or 

pDCB for the process), orthodichlorobenzene (ortho), metadichlorobenzene (meta), and 

trichlorobenzene (tri) and tetrachlorobenzene (tetra) (the last of which was sold up until 1990). 

The facility used approximately 4 million pounds of liquid benzene per month, transported to the 

plant by truck and rail cars and stored in above ground storage tanks. The facility also used 

approximately 7 million pounds of chlorine per month delivered either as a gas through a 

pipeline from the nearby OxyChem chlorine plant, or as a pressurized liquid in rail cars. Other 

raw materials used at the facility included: iron catalysts, wastewater treatment chemicals, 

ethylene glycol, refrigerants, lubricants, and oils purchased in drums or smaller containers and 

stored in the areas where they were used. 

The chemical production process conducted onsite consisted of a series of reaction vessels and 

distillation columns. The reaction of chlorine with benzene or various isomers of chlorinated

benzene produced a "reactor mass" consisting of mixed polychlorobenzenes and anhydrous 

hydrogen chloride (HCl) as a byproduct. The primary benzene reaction produced para, meta and 

ortho. These three chemicals are all dichlorobenzenes and are produced in the same reaction. In 

addition, tri and tetra were produced in this reaction but in smaller quantities. Thus, 

paradichlorobenzene, Metachem's most valuable product, could not be created without also 

producing other chlorobenzenes for which few buyers existed.
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Other processes conducted at the facility included a crystallization process for para and a 

dehalogenation (a.k.a. recycler/hydrogenator) system. The crystallization process involved the 

purification and chilling of liquid para on a Sandvik belt system to produce a crystalline or flaked 

para product which is packaged in paper bags for shipment offsite (a.k.a. the Flaker Process). 

The dehalogenation process involved the heating of tetra in the presence of a metal catalyst and 

hydrogen to strip chlorine and recover tri, di, and meta. Tetra is primarily produced during 

chlorination of benzene at the Main Plant and chlorination of para and ortho at the Tri Plant. The 

tetra is contained within the polychlorobenzene byproduct streams of these processes. This 

polychlorobenzene byproduct was then stored for later processing at the recycler unit. Given that 

Standard Chlorine maintained stockpiles of mixed polychlorobenzenes with high concentrations 

of tetra on site, the dehalogenation process allowed Standard Chlorine and Metachem to convert 

a byproduct material that would otherwise require costly disposal as a hazardous waste into a 

commercially useful product. 

In late 1996, after proper construction and operating permits were secured from the Delaware 

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC), Standard Chlorine 

began operating the recycler. The recycler, though beset with problems, operated periodically 

until the facility-wide shutdown in May 2002. This process, with the accompanying stockpiles of 

tetra-laced polychlorobenzenes (regarded by investors as a potential "gold-mine") was one of the 

prime reasons Charter Oak purchased the Standard Chlorine assets. As part of the chemical 

production process, PCBs and dioxins were generated as a byproduct. The PCB/dioxincontaining waste stream became part of the distillation column bottoms, which were sent off-site 

for incineration. The fact that this material was not regulated as a hazardous waste throughout the 

1990s resulted in a significant subsidy to the operations of Standard Chlorine and then 

Metachem, as significant management and disposal costs were not incurred. 

In 2001, with Metachem continuing to allow large quantities of tetra-laced material to build up, 

DNREC finally took forceful action through the Stipulation of Final Judgment between 

Metachem and DNREC. Under that decree, the plant was obligated to recycle tetra at the rate of 

three gallons per minute, which would take seven years. This consent decree in effect recognized 

that a speculative accumulation violation had occurred, and was an attempt to reduce the 

accumulated stockpile in an orderly and efficient manner.

In May 2002, in large part due to overwhelmingly adverse market conditions in the 

polychlorobenzene business, Metachem went bankrupt and the site was abruptly closed and 

abandoned. 

Metachem was guilty of a speculative accumulation violation. There was no commercially viable 

market for tetrachlorobenzene in and of itself after 1990. Before 1990, tetra was used as an 
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intermediate or raw material in the production of herbicides, insecticides and defoliants. It was 

also used to manufacture other chemicals such as 2,4,5 trichlorophenol and 2,4,5 

trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. When Metachem came into the picture, they apparently viewed the 

accumulated stockpile of tetra-laced polychlorobenzene as free feedstock, provided they could 

convert the waste chemical, via the hydrogenation process, to the marketable products di and tri. 

However, Metachem surely was aware that this potential "free feedstock" carried with it a 

significant risk. Without the use of the recycling system, Metachem would be required to dispose 

of roughly 13 million pounds of tetra as hazardous waste, at a cost of 50-65 cents per pound. 

Only a handful of facilities nationwide could have properly handled the disposal of this 

chemical. In the face of such risk, it is surprising that Metachem did not conduct more extensive 

due diligence about the efficacy of the recycling process. 

Before Standard Chlorine was bought by Metachem, DNREC issued 16 Notices of Violation 

(NOV) between January 22, 1988 and July 16, 1998. During Metachem's existence, it was issued 

9 Notices of Violation (NOV) by DNREC between October 26, 1999 and November 13, 2001. 

This site did not hold a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The site was listed on the National Priorities List (NPL) of most 

hazardous waste sites in 1987 due to a 1981 chlorobenzene spill which occurred while workers 

were filling a railroad tanker car on the property. An additional spill occurred in 1986; 569,000 

gallons of various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) spilled after a 375,000-gallon tank of 

VOCs split open, collapsed, and damaged three nearby tanks of VOCs, causing the latter tanks to 

partially spill. Chlorobenzenes from spilled material have been found in the groundwater, soil, 

sediments, and surface water. Wetlands near the site are also contaminated. Environmental 

assessments that occurred after the 1986 spill revealed facility leaks into the groundwater dating 

back to the mid-1970s. The state maintains a fish consumption advisory on Red Lion Creek for 

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin. 

Due to its bankruptcy, Metachem was unable to perform further cleanup, so USEPA is 

completing the remainder of the original cleanup under the CERCLA Emergency Removal 

provisions. Initially, USEPA and DNREC discovered approximately 43 million pounds of 

chemicals throughout the former manufacturing facility at the time of its bankruptcy in 2002. 

USEPA consolidated liquid chemicals from over 100 holding tanks, cleaned the empty tanks, 

and demolished and removed some of the tanks from the site. USEPA and DNREC have 

removed millions of pounds of chemicals from the site. Some of the chemicals were products 

and some were wastes. This removal has generated more than $245,000 for site cleanup 

operations. USEPA has completed steam-cleaning of the distillation equipment and piping, 

removing and any chemical residuals. Although the wastewater treatment plant operations have 
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ended, USEPA is continuing to keep technology available until all products and wastes are 

removed from the site. Facility structures are being dismantled. Currently, USEPA is 

concentrating on removing the remaining estimated 20 million pounds of chemica ls from the 

site. Removal activities are about 80 percent finished. 

To date, the remedial design (RD) for the Columbia Aquifer barrier wall and pump-and-treat 

system is 95 percent complete. Construction for the barrier wall and pump-and-treat system, also 

called the “remedial action” or RA, should begin this winter. While the wall is being constructed, 

the pump-and-treat system will also be installed. 

Potomac Aquifer well samples, collected in June 2005, found no signs of site-related 

contamination. 

The total cost of this remedial action is estimated to be $75 million or more. As of September 

2004, cleanup expenditures at this site amounted to $20,242,784.80. USEPA has approved over 

$10 million for the remedial cleanup at the Standard Chlorine site. The Columbia Aquifer 

containment barrier wall and the pump-and-treat system will account for approximately $4.2 

million. The chemical disposal associated with the removal action will account for about $6.26 

million. As part of the Record of Decision (ROD) Amendment #1, the USEPA’s remedial 

program will properly dispose of liquid chemicals that remain on-site. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 3 "EPA August 1992 RCRA Inspection Report," 17 September 1992. 21 January 

2006. 

http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/AWM/do/MetachemTaskForce/EP

A%20Documents/EPA%20August%201992%20RCRA%20Inspection%20Report.pdf

EPA Region 3 "EPA January 1999 SC Reinspection Report," 15 January 1999. 21 January 2006.

http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/AWM/do/MetachemTaskForce/EP

A%20Documents/EPA%20January%201999%20SC%20Reinspection%20Report.pdf

State of Delaware. "Task Force on Responsible Management of Facilities Handling Hazardous 

Waste Products (The Metachem Task Force)," 30 May 2003. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/library/metachemfinal.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Standard Chlorine of Delaware.” 9 March 1995. 

21 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0395193.pdf
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USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 

15 January 2006. 

USEPA. “MidAtlantic Superfund: Current Site Information.” September 2005. 25 January 2006. 

http://epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/DED041212473.htm

USEPA. “MidAtlantic Superfund: Standard Chlorine Inc.” September 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/DED041212473/

USEPA Proposed Remedial Action Plan Summary: Standard Chlorine Delaware. “EPA Seeks 

Public Comment on Proposed Remedial Action Plan.” April 2004. 21 January 

2006. http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/AWM/do/Spring%202004% 

0Standard%20Chlorine%20PRAP%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf

USEPA. “Standard Chlorine of Delaware, Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0300058

USEPA. “Standard Chlorine of Delaware.” RCRAInfo. 13 September 2000. 21 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Standard Chlorine of Delaware Site (AKA Metachem).” On-Scene Coordinator 

Profile. (n.d.). 21 January 2006. www.epaosc.net/metachem

USEPA Superfund Site Cleanup Progress Update. “Fact Sheet #15 – Standard Chlorine 

of Delaware (aka Metachem) Site.” September 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/DNREC2000/Divisions/AWM/do/FactSheet15.pdf

Additional Contacts:

Hilda Burgos, ORC Region 3

Douglas Fox (OSC) (215) 814-3262

Trish Taylor (CIC) (215) 814-2938

Hilary Thornton (RPM) (215) 814-3323

Michael T Towle (OSC) (215) 814-3272
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: Supreme Asset Management and Recovery

EPA ID No.: NJR000071902

Address: 1950 Rutgers University Boulevard

County: Ocean

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Supreme Asset Management and 

Recovery (Supreme Recycling) operates a 100,000 square foot facility on a 13-acre property in 

Lakewood, New Jersey. The facility’s primary operation is the recycling of waste fluorescent 

light bulbs, batteries, cathode ray tubes (CRTs), and other recyclable technologies. During 

operation the facility had a solid waste permit for these materials, though as of late 2011, this 

permit is expired and Supreme Recycling is in the process of getting it renewed. Although the 

facility is operated by Supreme Recycling, the property is owned by Preferred Enterprises. 

From 2006 to 2008, Supreme Recycling accepted spent fluorescent bulbs, for which the facility 

has a permit assuming the bulbs are intact. Inspections of the facility found that many of these 

fluorescent bulbs had been crushed, resulting in a release of mercury, and becoming a hazardous 

waste for which the facility was not permitted. In April 2008, the New Jersey Department of 

Environmental Protection (NJ DEP) issued a notice of violation to Supreme Recycling for 

accepting the crushed bulbs and failing to prevent the release of mercury, which had been noted 

by NJ DEP as having leaked into the environment. During subsequent inspections U.S. EPA also 

found corroded and leaking batteries, and in 2009 took steps to revoke Supreme Recycling’s 

permit as a recycler. This was followed in 2009 by the U.S. EPA ordering, under the Resource 

Conservation and Recovery Act authority, the facility to stop accepting crushed bulbs, to move 

their current inventory to a properly permitted facility, and to take action to clean up previous 

leaks and other possible sources of contamination. In 2009, Supreme was also cited by U.S.EPA 

for illegally exporting CRT monitors overseas, settling the case for a $90,000 penalty. This was 

followed by a 2011 inspection that found Supreme Recycling to have accumulated 

approximately one million pounds of leaded CRT glass, which is also a hazardous waste. U.S. 

EPA is currently in negotiation a settlement and penalty regarding this violation. 

Description of Contamination: The primary damage at the Supreme Recycling facility is 

related to the acceptance and improper management of unapproved hazardous wastes. The main 

case noted by state and federal authorities occurred between 2006 and 2008, when Supreme 

Recycling was found to have accepted a considerable amount of crushed fluorescent light bulbs. 

NJDEP identified from records and inspections several instances where the improperly managed 

crushed bulbs may have released mercury into the environment. Further inspections also found 

improperly contained spent batteries which were corroded and leaking, as well as CRT leaded 

glass which is also classified as a hazardous waste, and therefore would not be acceptable under 
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the facility’s permitting. These incidents all resulted in violations from either the NJDEP or U.S. 

EPA, often with an attached penalty. The U.S. EPA is also working with Supreme Recycling 

under RCRA authority to make sure all the crushed bulbs go to properly permitted facilities and 

that this and other potential sources of environmental release are properly managed and previous 

spills are cleaned up. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Supreme Asset Management & 

Recovery. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100358

37609

2. Senn, John. USEPA. Newsroom. EPA Orders Two New Jersey Companies to Halt 

Improper Management of Hazardous Waste at Facility in Lakewood, NJ. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/2569781CA4F9106D852575A500595015

3. Wilk, John. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2, Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Regarding 

Potential Damage cases. November 2011.
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Site Name: Sybill Oil

EPA ID No.: MIR000022400

Address: 111 Military Ave, Detroit, MI, 48209

County: Wayne

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: MIN000508502

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Sybill Oil Superfund site is an 

abandoned used oil transporter, used oil processor, and marketer of on- and off-specification 

used oil fuel facility in Detroit, Michigan. Sybill Inc. operated from 1992 through 2001 when it 

sought bankruptcy protection. The facility was originally part of the former Fisher Body Plant 

waste water treatment facility that operated here prior to its closing in 1991, but was substantially 

modified. The outdoor tanks were part of the former General Motors facility. Sybill installed the 

indoor tanks. A RCRA administrative complaint was issued to Sybill on September 24, 1998 for 

failure to notify and for operating without a hazardous waste storage permit (used oil presumed 

to have been mixed with a halogenated hazardous waste listed in Subpart D of 40 CFR part 261). 

On March 27, 2000, Region 5, with state and local regulators, began a multimedia inspection of 

the facility for compliance with Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, and RCRA permits and 

regulations. 

Sybill Inc. abandoned the site with flammable wastes stored on site and a potential for hazardous 

runoff. Due to these issues, the City of Detroit and the Michigan Department of Environmental 

Quality (MDEQ) referred the site to the U.S. EPA Superfund Program. In 2003, U.S. EPA 

reached an administrative settlement with potentially responsible parties, including GM, Ford 

Motor Company, Detroit Diesel Corporation, Rouge Steel Company, Sybill, Inc. and the Chapter 

7 Bankruptcy Trustee for V.C. Madias. These "Settling Parties" agreed to fund and implement a 

removal action to address waste oil contamination at the site. The $1 million cleanup project was 

carried out between July and December 2003. The Settling Parties also agreed to pay for U.S. 

EPA’s future oversight costs.

Description of Contamination: During its years of operation from 1991 to 2001, Sybill Oil was 

cited by the Detroit Water and Sewerage Department and MDEQ for RCRA used oil and 

hazardous waste, wastewater and air quality regulatory violations.

In 2001, the Sybill Oil site was abandoned with 26 above-ground storage tanks, 36 tons of bulk 

waste, 1 million gallons of waste liquids, more than 200 chemical drums and other containers, 

and a laboratory area. In 2002, before the Superfund administrative settlement, GM and Rouge 

Steel voluntarily removed more than 1.3 million gallons of waste oil and other liquid waste. 

Cleanup of the remaining waste materials under the administrative settlement was completed in 

2003. 
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Total cleanup costs for the site include $1 million paid by the PRPs under the administrative 

settlement, and unknown cost incurred by GM and Rouge Steel for the 2002 voluntary removal, 

and $56,000 incurred by U.S. EPA for investigative and emergency containment costs. U.S. 

EPA’s emergency containment actions included sealing eight sewer drains and upgrading fences 

and locks.

Sources of Information:

1. Brauer, Sue. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency- Region 5. Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. February 23, 2012.

2. enviro.blr.com. Detroit Waste Oil Site Cleanup Completed. December 15, 2003. 

Accessed Online. December 2011: http://enviro.blr.com/environmentalnews/waste/superfund/Detroit-Waste-Oil-Site-Cleanup-Completed/

3. USEPA. Proposed Agreement Pursuant to Section 122(h)(1) of the Comprehensive 

Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) for the Sybill 

Used Oil Processing Plant Site in Detroit, MI. Accessed Online. December 2011: 

http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2003/07/30/03-19284/proposed-agreementpursuant-to-section-122h1-of-the-comprehensive-environmental-response

4. USEPA. Federal Registry System. Facility Detail Report. Sybill. Accessed Online. 

December 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100118

82230
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Site Information:

Site Name: Tetra Micronutrients (formerly American Microtrace)

EPA ID No.: NED000610550

Address: 71025 569th Avenue, Fairbury, NE 68352-5519 

County: Jefferson

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Tetra Micronutrients is a zinc 

micronutrient fertilizer producer that sells one-half of its product to animal feed suppliers. They 

produce the zinc micro fertilizer from non-hazardous galvanized zinc fines and hazardous brass 

fume dust from foundries. The facility was built in 1979 and operated by Eagle Picher Industries. 

In August 1988, American Microtrace, Inc began operations only to sell to Tetra Technologies, 

Inc in 1995. Obtained multiple Part A RCRA permits, but never a Part B permit due to confusion 

between USEPA and Nebraska Department of Environmental Control. The federal ruling on the 

issue was that zinc fume dust was a solid waste in this case even though it was being recycled 

because it was being recycled into a product that was to be applied to the ground (fertilizer). This 

facility received an administrative order of conduct in September 1998. 

Description of Contamination: Potential sources of contamination at the facility include: 

permitted air emissions; precipitation runoff from the roofs; releases from previous raw material 

and waste material handling practices; runoff from residual contamination in soil; releases from 

the sulfuric acid tanks; and releases from the former soil pile. The primary contaminants of 

concern at the facility are metals, including lead, cadmium, and zinc. 

The site was cited with six counts of failure to maintain facility to minimize release, three counts 

of storage, maintaining an illegal hazardous waste pile, and failure to maintain facility operating 

records. Employees were walking around knee deep in zinc dusts resulting in extremely elevated 

blood lead levels in several instances. The dust was stored on the ground in open piles in addition 

to being stored in large bins and transported by rail cars in super sacks. Recycling processes also 

generate lead sulfate and cadmium sulfate as wastes that were stored on-site. There was 

contamination onsite to a nearby wetland. 

Sources of Information:

Davis, Mike (EPA Official) (913) 551-7328, Interview 12/20/2005.
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EPA Region 7. “Environmental Indicators at Tetra Micronutrients.” 12 August 2002. 17 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/Region7/waste/pdf/tetramicronutrientsCA725.pdf

USEPA. “Economic Analysis for Regulatory Modifications to the Definition of Solid Waste for

Zinc-Containing Hazardous Waste-Derived Fertilizers.” November 2000. 17 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Tetra Micronutrients.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 17 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000447767

USEPA. “Tetra Micronutrients.” RCRAInfo. 5 May 2005. 20 January 2006.

Contacts:

Belinda Holmes, Associate Regional Counsel, Region VII, (913) 551 7714

Jody Hudson, EPA, RCRA Corrective Action and Permits (913) 551-7179 

Pat Murrow, EPA, RCRA Corrective Action and Permits (913) 551-7627 

Don Toensing, EPA, RCRA Enforcement (913) 551-7446 

Mike Davis, EPA, 913-551-7328
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Site Name: The Battery Recycling Company

EPA ID No.: PRR000004655

Address: St 2 KM 72.2 Bo Cambalache, Arecibo, PR

County: Arecibo

NPL Site: Not on the NPL

In CERCLIS Database: PRR000004655

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Founded in 1994, The Battery 

Recycling Company of Arecibo, Puerto Rico is a secondary lead smelter that processes 

approximately 55,000 metric tons of used car batteries a year, obtained mostly from Puerto Rico 

and other Caribbean islands. After breaking the batteries down, it melts the lead component to 

form lead bars/ingots which it resells, often back to battery manufacturers. The facility produces 

approximately 30 tons of lead per day.

The facility has had a permit to operate as a stationary source of air pollutants since October 

2005. The permit allows the facility to emit 20.39 tons of promethium, 59.68 tons of sulfur 

dioxide, 9.58 tons of nitrous oxides, 1.26 tons of carbon monoxide, 0.60 tons of volatile organic 

compounds (VOCs), and 1.24 tons of lead per year. 

In June 2011, U.S. EPA reached an agreement with The Battery Recycling Company requiring 

the company to take measures to prevent lead contamination from spreading. The agreement 

followed the results of lead testing of approximately 150 children who may have been exposed to 

lead from the facility. Twenty percent of the children had lead in their blood above levels 

considered safe among health professionals. 

The agreement required The Battery Recycling Company to start preventative and cleanup 

actions. Preventative actions included daily cleaning of vehicles and providing separate clothes 

changing areas. The company also agreed to clean lead from the contaminated vehicles and 

homes of current and former employees. U.S. EPA will take samples after the cleaning to ensure 

that the lead has been removed. Rental cars will be provided and employees and their families 

will be temporarily relocated while the cleaning takes place. The company will remove leadcontaminated soil from adjacent properties and restore the land. The agreement also requires the 

company to reimburse U.S. EPA for the costs of overseeing the cleanup work.

On July 13, 2011, U.S. EPA issued an order to The Battery Recycling Company to reduce water 

pollution at the site. In particular, U.S. EPA required the company to improve the way it 

manages run-off from rainwater and correct violations of the federal Clean Water Act.
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On August 10, 2011, U.S. EPA issued an order to The Battery Recycling Company to reduce air 

pollution at the site. The orders require improved monitoring and reporting, preventative actions 

and operational improvements by the company. This order requires the company to properly 

operate its leak detection system immediately to detect and reduce dust from escaping into the 

air. The company must conduct daily lead monitoring of the lead levels at its baghouse and 

record and report these levels to U.S. EPA.

Description of Contamination: U.S. EPA investigated the site in 2007 and noted that the 

company reconstructed and tested a furnace at its facility without properly notifying U.S. EPA. 

The company built another furnace in 2010 and informed U.S. EPA, but failed to notify the 

agency of its testing of pollution control equipment. In both cases, the company failed to notify 

U.S. EPA of the date the furnaces went into operation. In addition, U.S. EPA found that the 

system for detecting leaks of lead emissions was not being properly operated to detect soot. One 

of the revolving doors on the dust collection system, called a baghouse, was not functioning at 

full capacity and potentially allowed dust to escape into the air. 

The site has been cited for mismanagement of secondary lead smelter baghouse dust (RCRA 

Waste Code K069). Specifically, the facility was cited for alloying emissions of K069 to the 

environment mainly from storage containers that did not comply with RCRA requirements.

In addition to the lead contamination observed in children, there is soil contamination found in 

an adjacent property to the site. The company has agreed to excavate and remove leadcontaminated soil from a cattle pasture adjacent to the facility, backfill or restore the land, and 

dispose of any contaminated materials at a licensed disposal facility. 

Sources of Information:

1. Environmental Leader. Environmental Enforcement: Battery Recycling Co. to Clean Up 

After Lead Found in Children. June 13, 2011. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.environmentalleader.com/2011/06/13/battery-recycling-co-to-clean-up-afterlead-found-in-kids/

2. USEPA. EPA Orders Battery Recycling Company to Reduce Air and Water Pollution at 

Arecibo, Puerto Rico Lead Smelting Facility. August 10, 2011. Accessed Online. 

November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/625C8CB0D35315FB852578E80063D49F

3. USEPA. EPA Takes Action on Lead Problems at Arecibo, Puerto Rico Battery Recycling 

Facility. June 9, 2011. Accessed Online. November 2011: 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/d0cf6618525a9efb85257359003fb69d/b609baa

a64b7b23b852578aa005c370b!OpenDocument

4. Wilk, John. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Region 2, Personal communication 

(email) with Amanda Kohler, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Regarding 

Potential Damage cases. August 2011.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: ThermoFluids Inc.

EPA ID No.:

Address: 6400 SE 101st St., Portland, OR 

County: Multnomah

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Thermo Fluids facility conducts 

used oil recycling. 

Description of Contamination: The Thermo Fluids facility was also the location of a four-alarm 

fire the morning of March 15, 2004. A main operations building that contained a used oil pit, 

with a capacity of nearly 37,000 gallons ignited and quickly engulfed the building despite the 

efforts of over 140 firefighters that responded to the four-alarm fire. Firefighters from several 

jurisdictions responded to a fire which was fueled by the oil recycling activities of the business. 

The fire quickly engulfed the building and spread ash and soot into the air and downwind. Water 

that was poured onto the fire to contain its spread overwhelmed the industrial property's oil and 

water separator unit and spread used oil and other potential hazardous chemicals into an adjacent 

drainage ditch which flows into Johnson Creek, a tributary of the Willamette River. The source 

of what ignited the used oil pit that began the fire is unclear. In addition, on April 28, 2003 there 

was a discharge of 2,500 gallons of used oil from its vehicle which contaminated surface water.

Sources of Information: 

USEPA. “Docket No.: CWA-08-2003-0085.” Region 8. 11 August 2003. 22 January 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/region8/compliance/pdf/CWA0820030085ECAFO.pdf

USEPA. “Thermo Fluids Incorporated Transfer Facility.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110012561389

USEPA. “Thermo Fluids.” On-Scene Coordinator Profile. 22 March 2004. 22 January 2006. 

www.epaosc.net/Thermofluids

USEPA. “Thermo Fluids.” Pollution Reports. 22 March 2004. 22 January 2006. 

http://www.epaosc.org/polrep_profile.asp?site_id=763

Additional Contacts: 

Chris Kaufman (State OSC) kaufman.chris@deq.state.or.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Dan Heister (OSC) heister.dan@epa.gov

Michael Szerlog (OSC) szerlog.michael@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Thermochem Inc.

EPA ID No.: MID044567162

Address: 4331 Evanston Ave, Muskegon, MI 49443

County: Muskegon

NPL Site: Proposed: 10/15/84; Final: 06/10/86

In CERCLIS Database: 0502486

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Thermo-Chem, Inc., a subsidiary of the 

Thomas Solvent Co., owned and operated waste solvent reprocessing and storage facilities at this 

site from 1961 to October 1986. It reclaimed solvents such as trichloroethylene and methylene 

chloride, paint wastes, and antifreezes. Waste sludges and residues from the process were 

incinerated on-site and waste waters were discharged to a clay-lined lagoon and two seepage 

lagoons. At one time, 3,500 drums of waste solvents and a 20,000-gallon tank of liquid waste 

contaminated with C-66 (a pesticide residue) were present on-site. The company has since 

removed them. These operations resulted in high concentrations of volatile, semivolatile and 

inorganic contamination of soils and groundwater. The site is being addressed through federal, 

state, and potentially responsible parties’ actions 

The operation received Interim Status under Subtitle C of RCRA when the owner filed Part A of 

a permit application for storage tanks.

Description of Contamination: Site operations resulted in high concentrations of volatile, 

semivolatile, and inorganic contamination of soils and groundwater. 

Potentially responsible parties (PRPs) have been conducting cleanup activities under a Unilateral 

Administrative Order, dated May 6, 1992. To date, PRPs have completed Remedial Action (RA) 

for Operable Unit 1 (OU1) Record of Decision (ROD): Phase IA, Debris Removal; Phase IB, 

Soil Excavation, Treatment and Removal; Phase II, Groundwater Extraction and Treatment 

System; and Phase III, In-Situ Soil Vapor Extraction/Air Sparge System. For OU2, the Remedial 

Investigation is complete and indicates that no further RA is necessary. An Explanation of 

Significant Difference was issued in September 2002 for OU1 ROD to explain and justify this 

course of action. Monitoring at the site will continue at the site, based on the Operations & 

Maintenance Plan. The estimated cost of cleanup was $24,000,000. 

There was some concern that the extraction system was not intercepting and capturing the plume 

and that contamination was being allowed into the wetlands. The ESD specified that the plume 

be captured. A study was conducted by Subterranean Research for U.S. EPA in the fall of 2003 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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that indicated the plume was currently being captured, but that the plume capture was integrally 

associated with the hydraulic gradient north of the extraction system. Changes will be made to 

the O&M procedures to calculate the required pumping extraction rate as a function of the 

hydraulic gradient to insure capture of the plume. Additional extraction wells may be required if 

the groundwater levels at the site return to pre-remedy levels. In addition, changes will be made 

to the groundwater monitoring program to insure that the groundwater in the flood plain 

continues to improve. A new monitoring well will be installed at the western edge of the plume 

to detect any potential migration of contamination to the west.

Sources of Information: 

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. “Public Health Assessment: Thermo

Chem Incorporated.” 20 February 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/thermochem/the_p1.html#_1_2

USEPA. “EPA Record of Decision: Thermo-Chem, Inc.” 30 September 1991.

20 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0591174.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Thermo Chem, Inc.” 12 July 2005. 20 February 2006.

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/michigan/MID044567162.htm

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Thermo-Chem, Inc.” 10 June 1986. 20 February 2006.]

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0502486.pdf

USEPA. “Thermo Chem Inc.” CERCLIS. 31 January 2006. 20 February 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0502486

USEPA. “Thermo Chem Inc.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 20 February 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110003594021

Additional Contacts:

John Fagiolo (RPM) 312-886-0800, fagiolo.john@epa.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Tonolli Corporation

EPA ID No.: PAD073613663

Address: Rte 54, Nesquehoning, PA 18240

County: Carbon

NPL Site: Final: 10/4/1989

In CERCLIS Database: 301087

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: From the early 1920s to 1972 the site 

was used as a disposal area for coal mine spoils and incinerator ash from a nearby Pennsylvania 

Power and Light (PP&L) power generating station. In 1972, Tonolli Corporation purchased 30 

acres of the site and from 1974 to January 1986, operated a battery recycling and secondary lead 

smelting plant onsite. Operations included storage, breaking, processing, and smelting of used 

batteries, battery components, and other lead-bearing materials. The site consists of a battery 

receiving and storage area, crushing operation, smelter, refinery, wastewater treatment plant, 

above-ground 500,000-gallon wastewater storage tank, a rubber-lined waste lagoon, and a 10-

acre rubber lined solid waste landfill. Four primary waste streams were generated from site 

operations and included slag from the secondary lead smelting process, which was disposed of in 

the landfill; calcium sulfate sludge from air pollution control scrubbers, which was pumped to 

the landfill; plastic battery casings and bakelite chips, which were disposed of in the landfill; and 

excess process water, battery acid, and stormwater runoff, which went to the wastewater lagoon 

to be neutralized and recirculated back into the lime slurry air scrubbers. In October 1985, 

Tonolli filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the Federal bankruptcy code.

The site did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: The primary contaminants of concern affecting the soil, 

sediment, debris, ground water, and surface water were metals, including arsenic, cadmium, and 

lead. Occasionally, liquid from the impoundment has found its way into the landfill. The 

impoundment held waste water containing arsenic, cadmium, lead, and chromium. On-site 

monitoring wells contained arsenic and cadmium in 1985.

Contamination definitely occurred prior to 1980 and contamination also probably occurred after 

1980. As of September 2004, cleanup expenditures at this site amounted to $3,625,983.96.

Sources of Information: 

Cron, Mitch (RPM) (215) 814-3286, Interview 18 November 2005. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “EPA Superfund Explanation of Significant Differences: Tonolli Corp.” 7 January 

1997. 23 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/e0397015.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Explanation of Significant Differences: Tonolli Corp.” 12 March 

1999. 23 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/e0399129.pdf

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Tonolli Corp.” 30 September 1992. 23 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0392156.pdf

USEPA. “Five Year Review Report Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site.” 2003. 23 January 

2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f03-03018.pdf

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 23 January 

2006.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Tonolli Corp.” 4 October 1989. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0301087.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Fact Sheet: Tonolli Corporation.” June 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/npl/PAD073613663.htm

USEPA. “Tonolli Corp.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0301087

USEPA. “Tonolli Corporation.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 23 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110008471073

USEPA. “Tonolli Corp Superfund Site.” RCRA Info. 13 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Mitch Cron (RPM) (215) 814-3286

Richard M. Fetzer (215) 814-3263

William D. Hudson (215) 814-5532
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: Tri-City Oil Conservationist, Inc.

EPA ID No.: FLD070864541

Address: 8767 1⁄2 N. 50th St, Tampa, FL 33617

County: Hillsborough

NPL Site: Deleted: 09/01/1988

In CERCLIS Database: 0400733

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Tri-City Oil Conservationist 

Corporation property, occupying about 1/4 of an acre, housed a heating oil business from the 

1960s to 1975. From 1978 to 1983, the facility acted as a waste oil storage and distribution 

center. Three aboveground storage tanks and one known underground storage tank were on site. 

While it operated, people complained to the state about the odor and sloppy practices at the 

facility. In 1982, 3,000 gallons of oil were spilled. When the owner failed to clean up the site at 

the request of the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER), the USEPA 

removed the bulk of the oil and later removed contaminated soil. Tri-City was dissolved 

involuntarily in 1983, and the owners are in bankruptcy. 

Description of Contamination: Elevated levels of lead were found in initial sampling of the 

groundwater, but none were found in later samples. Soil excavated from the area was heavily 

contaminated with volatile organic compounds and heavy metals from former site activities. 

In February 1984, USEPA spent approximately $50,000 for immediate removal action at the site. 

Tri-City Oil Conservationist Corporation was involuntarily dissolved on November 10, 1983. 

The removal of contaminated soils and sludges in1984 has eliminated the threats to human health 

and the environment. 

Other owner/operators are in bankruptcy. A cost of recovery action against the potentially 

responsible parties may be initiated under the authority of sections 107 and 122(H) of CERCLA. 

Florida spent approximately $55,000 for a contamination assessment and $145,000 for its May 

1985 removal action. The state is currently pursuing a civil cost recovery action against the 

owner/operators of the site. 

Tests of soil, groundwater, and sediment in 1986 showed that the source of contamination was 

removed

Sources of Information: 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Tri-City Oil Conservationist Inc.” 21 September 

1987. 20 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0487023.pdf.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Tri-City Oil Conservationist Inc.” 21 September 1984. 20 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0400733.pdf.

USEPA. “Tri-City Oil Conservation One-Page Summary.” 29 June 2004. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/programs/recycle/success/1-pagers/tricity.htm. 

USEPA. “Tri-City Oil Conservationist Inc.” CERCLIS. 7 December 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400733

USEPA. “Tri-City Oil Conservationist Inc” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 

2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100083

28087

Additional Contacts:

K. Cleghron (RPM) (404) 257-2643
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: U.S. Antimony Corporation Mine and Smelter

EPA ID No.: MTD050261833

Address: 1250 Prospect Creek Road; Thompson Falls, MT 59873

County: Sanders

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: U.S. Antimony Corporation (USAC) 

operated a mine and smelter on Prospect Creek, about 18 miles southwest of Thompson Falls, 

Montana. Until 1984, USAC was mining and processing its own ore and generated “old slag” 

that went into tailings ponds just below the smelter. The facility beneficiated antimony 

concentrates by leaching ore in a solution of sodium hydrosulfide and caustic soda. Spent barren 

solution was regenerated and recycled before being discharged to one of three tailing ponds. Due 

to poor current efficiency in the electrowinning circuit, as well as precautions against the 

potential generation of stibine gas (a deadly poison), high solution concentrations (6,000-10,000 

mg/L) of antimony were deposited in the flotation mill tailings ponds. The tailing ponds were 

located on U.S. Forest Service land under a Forest Service special use permit. While most of the 

antimony and arsenic was precipitated as stable sulfides, soluble antimony concentrations of 10-

150 mg/L remained in the tailings. 

The facility closed in 1984, and reopened in 1987, under a National Pollutant Discharge 

Elimination System permit stipulating a new method for processing antimony and handling 

process wastes. This method precipitated any soluble arsenic or fugitive antimony as 

environmentally stable sulfides. In addition, when the facility re-opened, it began processing 

antimony from other sources instead of mining its own ore and this “new slag” was shipped to a 

refinery in British Columbia. In consultation with the Montana Department of Environmental 

Quality, USAC agreed to address environmental concerns about the “old slag” in the tailings 

ponds that had continued to feed into the creek bottom. USAC cleaned up the site by digging up 

the “old slag” and reprocessed it through the smelter and then shipped it to a refinery in British 

Columbia.

Description of Contamination: Tailing pond water containing soluble antimony and arsenic 

leached into the underlying aquifer, which recharged Prospect Creek. The U.S. Forest Service 

inspected the site in 1984, and discovered that the tailings piles were accessible to game animals, 

especially elk and deer, due to damage to the wildlife fence surrounding the affected area. The 

Forest Service determined elk, deer, and other animals, attracted by minera l salts in the tailings, 

were ingesting antimony and arsenic, thus exposing humans and other predators to 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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contamination. The Forest Service inspection also revealed windblown tailings being deposited 

beyond the permitted tailings disposal area.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “Human Health and Environmental Damage from Mining and Mineral Processing 

Wastes.” December 1995. 29 January 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/other/mining/minedock/damage/index.htm

USEPA. “United States Antimony Corporation.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.) 25 March 

2008. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110000497472
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-491

Site Name: U.S. Oil Recovery 

EPA ID No.: TXN000607093

Address: 400 and 200N Richey Street, Pasadena, TX, 77506

County: Harris

NPL Site: Proposed, September 2011

In CERCLIS Database: TXN000607093

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: U.S. Oil Recovery (USOR), located at 

400 North Richey Street, Pasadena, Texas, operated as a centralized waste water treatment 

facility and as an used oil recovery facility since October 2003. In December 2008, the President 

of USOR, purchased the a wastewater treatment facility located next to USOR at 200 North 

Richey Street from the City of Pasadena and established the new company known as MCC 

Recycling L.L.P. (MCC). While MCC and USOR are distinct companies, the facilities are 

linked in the treatment process and appear to have the same ownership.

USOR is located on approximately 12.2 acres in an industrial, commercial, and residential area 

adjacent to Vince Bayou that connects to the San Jacinto River Basin in Pasadena, Texas. In 

March 2009, USOR began sending its waste water to MCC for further treatment and recycling of 

oil. The MCC facility is divided into two parts by Vince Bayou, which flows across the site. 

The east and west plants are connected by a foot bridge over the bayou. MCC was registered as 

a Used Oil Handler with the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ). On July 29, 

2003, USOR registered as an Used Oil Handler with TCEQ, which includes: marketer who 

directs shipments to burner, marketer who first claims used oil, processor, and transfer facility. 

Also, USOR registered as an Used Oil Filter Handler, which includes a storage facility and 

processor activities. On December 5, 2007, TCEQ issued a Waste Permit that authorized USOR 

to operate as a hazardous waste and nonhazardous waste solid wastewater treatment facility and 

as a nonhazardous industrial solid waste storage facility. USOR is authorized to receive 

industrial waste, certain characteristic hazardous waste, used oil, oily water, and recyclable 

hydrocarbons. At the end of USOR treatment process, the oily water is piped to MCC for further 

treatment. At MCC, the oily water is further treated to remove additional oil that is then trucked 

back to USOR, and MCC biologically treats and clarifies the remaining wastewater. At the end 

of MCC treatment process, the wastewater is supposedly treated to categorical pretreatment 

standards. The treated wastewater is then returned by MCC to USOR’s sampling station located 

the MCC facility. From the USOR sampling station, USOR discharges the treated waste to a 

publicly owned treatment plant owned by the City of Pasadena via the city’s sewer collection 

system.

On November 16-20 and November 30-December 1, 2009, EPA, along with County and TCEQ, 

conducted a Multi-media Compliance Evaluation Inspection at USOR and MCC. Based on the 

Inspection, numerous areas of concern regarding noncompliance of the Resource Conservation 

and Recovery Act were identified.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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During operation, the USOR facility had a history of environmental compliance issues, starting 

with a Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) investigation in that began in 

December 2003 and resulted in a Notice of Violation to USOR. This was followed by further 

state inspections in the following years including tests of soil samples that found concentrations 

of arsenic, lead, mercury, pesticides, volatile organic compounds and a number of other 

contaminants above state commercial/industrial protective concentration levels. Some of these 

samples showing exceedances of the state limits for arsenic, lead and mercury were from 

locations on downgradient offsite properties, north of the USOR facility. On March 14, 2009, the 

facility reported its first major spill which extended 200 feet offsite to the north, though affected 

soil was removed to a landfill. This was followed throughout 2009 by reports from state, county, 

and other agencies of spills or unauthorized discharges, unpermitted activities, leaking storage 

containers and other sources of ongoing or potential damage. The frequencies of 

spills/discharges lead to an injunction by the Harris County Public Health and Environmental 

Services (County) for USOR to cease accepting liquid wastes. On May 29, 2009, County 

determined there had been a spill that led to the bayou. On June 8, 2009, Harris County and 

TCEQ filed a suit in state court against USOR and MCC, and requested a temporary injunction, a 

permanent junction, and civil penalty for violations of the Texas Clean Air Act, the Texas Solid 

Waste and Disposal Act, and the Texas Clean Water Act, which required cessation of all

unauthorized discharges, remove contents from bioreactor, stop intake to MCC until an engineer 

certifies the integrity of MCC units, and cease discharges from MCC, among other orders. The 

County has filed several amended petitions, injunctions, and temporary restraining orders. On 

November 30, 2009, the County issued a temporary restraining order to cease unauthorized 

emissions of benzene and other volatile organic pollutants, remove and properly dispose contents 

from leaking roll-off containers holding hazardous waste from the bioreactor, and cease 

discharge ignitable wastewater to the City of Pasadena.

In July of 2010, a large rainfall event prompted the state to report a potential release of hazardous 

wastes, which resulted in the U.S. EPA initiating an Emergency Response and Removal Action. 

U.S. EPA found the site abandoned and that hazardous materials were being released through 

overflow or leaks in a number of areas. Throughout 2010 and into 2011, U.S. EPA enacted site 

stabilization activities at the site, mostly in response to incidents resulting from heavy rain. As of 

September 2011, the site is proposed addition to the National Priorities List (NPL) Presently, the 

USOR Superfund site is a closed wastewater treatment facility.

Description of Contamination: Spills, leaks, discharges, and operations at the site led to 

considerable contamination. The most severe contamination occurred in 2009 and 2010 

following a series of spills and leaks, a number of which were related to periods of heavy 

rainfall. During the facility’s operation, most of the contamination occurred from improper 

discharges or inadequate storage of hazardous materials, including a number of structural 

failings. The site is now abandoned and a considerable amount of waste remains onsite. 

Although many of the sources have been stabilized in previous efforts, there is still risk of 

significant release and exposure. 

Contaminants found on-site in soils and waste include, among others, arsenic, barium, cobalt, 

lead, manganese, mercury, silver, vanadium, volatile organics, and several pesticides. Many of 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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these contaminants have been found in soils and surface water onsite, as well as offsite in the 

sediment and surface waters of the Vince Bayou and other nearby properties. 

State and county agencies cited USOR and MCC a number of times during their operation for the 

improper management of wastes at the sites and a number of improper discharges and leaks. The 

result of these investigations and citations was an injunction for the repeated violations that 

ordered USOR to stop accepting wastes. This was followed by U.S. EPA investigations of the 

site, including Emergency Response actions which took place in 2010 and 2011. U.S. EPA’s 

actions to date have involved the stabilization of source materials, but no waste removal. The site 

is currently proposed for addition to the NPL, and further cleanup actions may occur in the 

future. 

Sources of Information:

1. USEPA. “EPA Region 6 Updates Its National Priorities List of Superfund Sites - Two 

Sites Added and One Proposed”. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/0/9CD864B7B7A7444C8525790C00678C1F

2. USEPA. Hazard Ranking System (HRS) Documentation Record. US Oil Recovery. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/docrec/pdoc1854.pdf

3. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. US Oil Recovery. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1854.htm

4. USEPA. Superfund Information Systems. Cleanup Activities at US Oil Recovery. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://cfpub2.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.CleanupActs

&id=0607093

5. USEPA. Superfund Information Systems. Superfund Site Progress Profile. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: 

http://cfpub2.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0607093

6. USEPA. RCRA Compliance Inspection dated March 23, 2010
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Name: U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Incorporated

EPA ID No.: IND047030226

Address: 5300 Kennedy Blvd, East Chicago, IN, 46312

County: Lake

NPL Site: Yes

In CERCLIS Database: IND047030226

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, 

Inc. (USS Lead) operated as a primary lead refinery in East Chicago, Indiana from 1920 to 1972. 

From 1972 to 1973, USS Lead converted the facility to a secondary lead smelter, recovering lead 

from automobile batteries. In 1985, the facility ceased operations, and in 1987, USS Lead filed 

for bankruptcy. 

Two primary waste materials were generated as a result of the smelting operations, blast furnace 

slag and lead-containing dust emitted by the blast furnace stack. Blast furnace slag was 

stockpiled south of the plant building and once a year was spread over an adjoining 21 acres of 

wetlands. The lead-containing dust, which was collected in bag filters, was stored in a three- to 

five-acre area for future recycling.

In 1975 and 1985, USS Lead received a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit 

to discharge furnace cooling water and storm water runoff to the Grand Calumet River. 

According to the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), permitted 

discharge levels were exceeded for several pollutants. In the 1980s, several state and federal 

enforcement actions were taken against the company. In September 1985, the Indiana State 

Board of Health found USS Lead to be in violation of state law because lead particles were 

found downwind of the site. Releases from the facility were deemed to pose a health risk because 

approximately four million people were served by drinking water from intakes drawn primarily 

into Lake Michigan, which is 15 miles downstream from the facility, and approximately 7,500 

people worked or attended school within two miles.

Lead-contaminated soils within the boundaries of the USS Lead facility were subject to 

remediation and management under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 

Corrective Action program. The Corrective Action for the site included construction of an on-site 

Corrective Action Management Unit (CAMU). The CAMU was used for disposal of lead 

contaminated soil, sediments, debris, and slag from the site-wide cleanup along with residual soil 

contamination from various hazardous waste piles subject to IDEM closure and post-closure 

requirements. Waste material consolidated in the CAMU also included debris from former site 

buildings, blast furnace slag, battery chips, lead contaminated soil, and contaminated sediment 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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from the on-site canal (stabilized with lime). Baghouse dust and calcium sulfate sludge from the 

waste piles were transported off-site for proper disposal. 

The soil excavation and disposal activities were completed in November 2002. U.S. EPA also 

sampled soil in the residential areas north of USS Lead as a part of the RCRA Corrective Action 

investigation. These sampling results showed that some yards in the East Chicago residential 

area had high levels of lead contamination. 

In 2004, lead was detected in additional residential soils to the north of USS Lead. In 2005, the 

U.S. EPA RCRA Corrective Action program referred USS Lead to the Superfund program for 

the cleanup of the residential properties associated with the site, partly because USS Lead's 

inability to pay for any additional cleanup work. 

In 2006, RCRA Corrective Action amended the referral to include the wetlands portion of the 

site. U.S. EPA conducted a limited cleanup of yards in the nearby residential area during 2008 

using Superfund removal authorities. U.S. EPA finalized the site on the National Priorities List

on April 8, 2009. U.S. EPA began a Superfund remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) at 

the site in June 2009. The draft RI Report is currently under review and the FS is underway. U.S. 

EPA expects to select a final cleanup plan for the site during 2012.

Description of Contamination: Wastes from secondary smelting including blast-furnace dust, 

slag, and blast furnace slag water, were disposed of on site and resulted in lead contamination in 

soil and sediment on site and off site. USS Lead also discharged blast furnace non-contact 

process cooling water into the Grand Calumet River, and permitted discharge levels for lead, 

cadmium, copper, arsenic, and zinc all were exceeded. 

The engineered cap design for the CAMU was modified to include a native vegetative cover in 

coordination with the Natural Resources Damage Assessment for the Grand Calumet River. Lake 

Michigan, the Grand Calumet River, and the Indiana Harbor Canal are nearby fishing areas. The 

Grand Calumet River Natural Area, located one-quarter mile southeast of the site, has two 

endangered species. Hammond Beach Marina is four miles west of where the canal enters Lake 

Michigan. Lake Michigan, Wahala Beach, and several other major recreation areas are 

located within 15 miles of the site. These areas were at risk of contaminant migration.

The lead contamination posed a threat to nearby residents. The lead contamination also posed a 

threat to the wetland on the USS Lead property which is the habitat for two state designated 

endangered species.

Sources of Information:
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1. USEPA. Facility Registry System. Facility Detail Report. U.S. Smelter and Lead 

Refinery, Inc. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_detail.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=11000

9284489

2. USEPA. Region 5 Superfund Fact Sheet, U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, Inc. Accessed 

Online. November 2011: http://www.epa.gov/R5Super/npl/indiana/IND047030226.htm

3. USEPA. USS Lead Joint Fact Sheet. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/cleanup/usslead/factsheet200710.htm

4. USEPA. National Priorities List (NPL) Site Narrative. U.S. Smelter and Lead Refinery, 

Inc. East Chicago, Indiana. Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar1788.htm
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: UNC Recovery Corp.

EPA ID No.: FLD984166942

Address: 1 1/2 Mile East of Highway 37 on State Road 640, Mulberry, FL 

33860

County: Polk 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: UNC reclaimed cadmium and nickel 

from 1988-1991.

Description of Contamination: Soil and groundwater contamination are being remediated by 

subsequent owner under a state generator consent order. 

Sources of Information: 

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “UNC Recovery Corporation.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 

2006.http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110007435374. 

Additional Contacts:

Augusta Posner (Florida Department of Environmental Protection) (850) 245-2285, 

augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-498

Site Information

Site Name: Union Foundry Company 

EPA ID No.: ALD047158266

Address: 1501 West 17th Street, Anniston, AL 36201

County: Calhoun

NPL Site No

In CERCLIS Database: 0400182

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Union Foundry produces ductile iron 

pipe waterworks fittings. The fittings are manufactured from smelted scrap metal received from 

local dealers. 

Description of Contamination: This site was brought to the attention of EPA in 1981, and a 

subsequent site inspection and preliminary assessment were conducted in 1985. The site was 

archived under CERCLIS in 1994. In 2000, EPA sampled waste water outfalls near Union 

Foundry and found low levels of PCBs. A Site Inspection Prioritization (SIP) was completed, 

assigning a low priority for further assessment. After ADEM issued consent orders to impose 

corrective measures related to RCRA violations and problems in 2001 and 2006, the site was 

reopened in 2006. In September 2007, the site was reassessed to resolve the site’s Superfund 

status, and the determination was made that no remedial action was planned. 

On September 6, 2005, Union Foundry was sentenced to pay a $3.5 million criminal fine, 

perform a $750,000 environmental community service project and serve five years probation by 

the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The facility was sentenced to these 

violations for pleading guilty to violating both RCRA and an OSHA regulations. 

The facility violated RCRA by knowingly allowing its employees to treat toxic dust containing 

lead and cadmium, and considered hazardous waste under RCRA, without a permit. The dust 

came from an air filtration devise known as a “baghouse” that controlled pollution from scrap 

iron melting. 

In February 2008, Union Foundry agreed to pay a $100,000 fine from the Alabama Department 

of Environmental Management (ADEM) for improperly disposing of dust in its non-hazardous 

waste landfill in May 2006. The foundry did not determine if the dust needed treatment as a 

hazardous waste before disposal. This action did not result in immediate environmental damage; 

however, Union Foundry will submit a contamination assessment and cleanup plan to ADEM as 

part of the cleanup process. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Sources of Information:

Holmes, Cory. Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), 

(334) 270-5630, Interview: 21 March 2008. 

The Birmingham News. “Alabama Department of Environmental Management fines 

Anniston company $100,000.” 9 February 2008. 20 March 2008. 

http://www.al.com/business/birminghamnews/index.ssf?/base/business/12025485202812

20.xml&coll=2

US Department of Justice. “Division of McWane, Inc. Sentenced to $4.25 Million in 

Criminal Fines & Community Service Related to Worker Safety, Environmental Crime.” 

7 September 2005. 20 March 2008. 

http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2005/September/05_enrd_458.html

USEPA. “Alabama Foundry Sentenced to Pay $4.25 Million for RCRA and OSHA 

Violations.” EPA Newsroom. 22 September 2005. 20 March 2008. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/e51aa292bac25b0b85257359003d925f/7f96e1

42c9c124f285257084005671cf!OpenDocument

USEPA. “Mead Corp./Former Union Foundry.” CERCLIS. 20 March 2008. 20 March

2008. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/cerclis_web.report?pgm_sys_id=ALD047154232

USEPA. “Mead Corp./Former Union Foundry.” Superfund Site Information. 16 October 

2007. 20 March 2008. http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400182

USEPA. “Union Foundry Company.” RCRAInfo. (n.d.) 20 March 2008. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/rcris_web.report?pgm_sys_id=ALD047158266 

USEPA Region 4. “Response to Public Comments: Section 122 Administrative

Agreement and Order on Consent for Removal Action.” 13 January 2006. 

24 March 2008. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region4/waste/sf/annistonsf/annistonsect112011306.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-500

Site Information

Site Name: United Metal Recovery

EPA ID No.:

Address: 12403 United Street, Mojave, CA 93501

County: Kern

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This 8-acre site was a copper recovery 

operation consisting of a house trailer, warehouse, and a furnace inside an aluminum shed, which 

operated from 1963 to 1988 under various owners and operators. The United Metal Recovery 

operation purchased copper wire from different scrap dealers and burned off the insulation in a 

furnace. The site contains several piles of old wire, oil well flanges, glass and aluminum, and 

used automobile batteries. 

In 1989 California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) issued an Imminent and 

Substantial Endangerment Determination to the site owner and started cleanup actions which 

included stabilization of the site and the development of a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility 

Study. Dioxins were reportedly measured at over 75 ppb. DTSC reached a cost recovery 

settlement with two former owner/operators and obtained a judgment from the federal court 

against a third former owner/operator for all past and future costs. 

Description of Contamination: In 1988, the metal recovery business was identified by Kern 

County Health. At this time high concentrations of dioxins, furans, copper, lead, zinc, and low 

concentrations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, were found in the onsite soils and ash 

piles. In 2004, DTSC announced the "(h)azardous waste at the site was cleaned to an industrial 

health-based cleanup level and the site can now be developed for industrial/commercial 

purposes." It is unclear when the contamination occurred. Cleanup costs are estimated at 

$300,000.00

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Department Certifies Cleanup of United 

Metal Recovery.” 5 November 2004. 17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/PressRoom/upload/NEWS_2004_T-70-04.pdf

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “United Metal Recovery.” Mitigation and 

Brownfields Reuse Program Database 13 October 2004. 17 January 2006.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-501

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=15330007

Domingo, Danny California Department of Toxic Substances Control (Project Manager), Email 

12/8/2005.

EPA Region 9. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 22 November 

2005.

Additional Contacts:

Danny Domingo (Project Manager) (559) 297-3932, ddomingo@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-502

Site Information:

Site Name: United Metals, Inc.

EPA ID No.: FLD098924038

Address: Highway 71 South, Marianna, FL 32446 

County: Jackson

NPL Site: Final: 4/30/2003

In CERCLIS Database: 0400804 

Site History and/or Description of Recycling Operation: From 1979 until 1991, United 

Metals, Inc., processed and recycled lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries. In 1981, the facility 

processed as many as 10,000 to 12,000 batteries per week, resulting in 2,500 gallons of acidic 

wastes per day. Until 1981, treated and possibly untreated wastewater from the recycling process 

flowed into a settling basin, then into concrete basins, and finally through a ditch to an unlined 

holding pond. In 1982, the wastewater system was modified so that wastewater could be 

neutralized in storage tanks and recycled back into plant operations, which eliminated 

wastewater discharges to the holding ponds. A second holding pond was constructed to provide 

additional capacity, but allegedly was never used. The wastewater system eventually was 

modified so that the wastewater was stored in tanks, eliminating the discharge to the holding 

pond. The holding ponds subsequently were abandoned, dredged, and backfilled. Dredged 

sediments from the holding ponds and from contaminated drainage ditches currently are 

stockpiled in the recycling building on site.

The Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) considered the recycling practice 

to be legitimate at the time. The facility operated under a recycling exemption from RCRA. In 

August 1981, FDEP and United Metals, Inc., entered into a Consent Order that required 

numerous actions to be undertaken by United Metals, including payment of a fine, submittal of a 

detailed plan evaluating the wastewater system, identification of environmental problems, 

completion of a limited ground water assessment, and proposal of corrective actions. In July 

1986, USEPA conducted a RCRA inspection and noted that RCRA violations persisted, 

including improper closure of the holding ponds following sediment removal, improper storage 

of hazardous wastes, inadequate ground water monitoring, and operating without appropriate 

permits for hazardous waste storage and treatment. As a result of these violations, USEPA issued 

an Amended Complaint and Compliance Order.

United Metals discontinued recycling operations and sold the facility to Anrich Industries, Inc. 

Anrich subsequently renovated the facility and began battery-cracking operations in May 1991. 

On May 22, 1991, FDEP conducted a Hazardous Waste Inspection of the facility and noted 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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several RCRA violations and, in July 1991, ordered that all operations cease. The site is now 

abandoned and listed on the NPL. 

Description of Contamination: Releases of lead, chromium, and other metals have been 

documented in facility soils, in a nearby wetland, and in a habitat used by a federally threatened 

species. The release also poses a threat to a downstream recreational fishery and additional 

wetland areas. 

In June 1993, a site inspection included collection of 15 soil samples and the installation of five 

monitoring wells. Soil samples collected from the facility production area and drainage ditches 

were contaminated with lead. In 1994, an Expanded Site Investigation confirmed the presence of 

lead at significant levels in facility soils and in the drainage ditch that flows into the wetland 

area.

In March 1995, the USEPA Removal Assessment Team conducted a site visit to determine the 

site’s eligibility for a removal action. USEPA collected six surface soils samples, four waste 

samples from 55-gallon drums and three storage tanks, and two water samples to identify the 

nature and extent of contamination and to identify the immediate threat to the public and 

environment. Lead was detected in soils, a flammable liquid was discovered in drums, and 800 

gallons of sulfuric acid was found in an on-site storage tank. 

The main area of concern at the United Metals facility is contamina ted soil where the battery 

recycling activities were performed, as well as contaminated soil along the drainage route to the 

wetland area located west of the facility. Metals contamination has been documented in the 

wetland. 

Sources of Additional Information:

EPA Region 4. Email Correspondence to Amy Lile (EPA Office of Solid Waste). October 2005.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “United Metals, Inc.” n.d. 2 January 2006. 

http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/book_shelf/225_UnitedMetals.pdf.

Posner, Augusta. (State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection). Email 

correspondence to Dave Fagan (EPA Office of Solid Waste) 17 March 2005. 

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for United Metals Inc.” 30 April 2003. 20 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0400804.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-504

USEPA. “United Metals Inc.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 19 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400804

USEPA. “United Metals.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 20 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110012597430

Contacts:

Augusta Posner, Florida Department of Environmental Protection, (850) 245-2282 

augusta.posner@dep.state.fl.us

Jim Byer (Hazardous Waste Section Supervisor) Florida Department of Environmental

Protection, Northwest District, (850) 595-8360 ext 1264, James.Byer@dep.state.fl.us

Joe Alfano (Remedial Project Manager) EPA Region 4
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-505

Site Information

Site Name: V&M / Albaladejo

EPA ID No.: PRD987366101

Address: Route 160, Almirante Norte Ward, Vega Baja, PR 00694

County: Vega Baja Municipality

NPL Site: Deleted: 10/22/2001

In CERCLIS Database: 0202869

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This site consists of more than five 

contiguous areas where unknown individuals dumped and burned plastic-coated electrical cables, 

batteries, and electrical equipment for metals recovery. The sites are on the boundary of the 

V&M and Albaladejo Farms, both of which are privately owned. Open burning of refuse began 

at an unknown point in time and continued until 1986 on the V&M property and until 1988 on 

the Albaladejo property. The Agency spent about $2.4 million on the site cleanup, which took 

four months to complete. 

Description of Contamination: A soil removal action was conducted in early 1998 in which 

nearly 3,000 cubic yards of soil was removed from five identified burn areas where soil was 

contaminated with various metals, including antimony, cadmium, copper, lead, and silver. Four 

rounds of groundwater sampling, conducted through groundwater-monitoring wells, indicate that 

contamination associated with the metals recovery activities is not present in the groundwater. 

High levels of lead, arsenic, copper, zinc, antimony and cadmium were detected and heavy metal 

contamination was also found in surface water on the site and in sinkholes within the immediate 

vicinity of the site. 

As of October 2000, USEPA spent $2.4 million on the site cleanup.

Sources of Information:

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: V&M/Albaladejo.” 29 September 2000. 23 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0200511.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for V&M/Albaladejo.” 23 December 1996. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0202869.pdf

USEPA. “V&M/Albaladejo.” 9 September 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0202869c.htm

USEPA. “The V&M / Albaladejo Farms Superfund Site in Vega Baja No Longer a Threat: No 

Further Federal Action Warranted.” 3 October 2000. 23 January 2006. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-506

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/news/2000/00180.htm

USEPA. “V&M/Albaladejo.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 23 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0202869

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet V&M/Albaladejo.” January 2004. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/Region2/superfund/npl/0202869c.pdf

USEPA. “Federal Register Notice of Direct Final Action.” 22 October 2001. 23 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/d011022.htm

Additional Contacts:

Juan Davila (EPA Site Assessment Manager) (212) 637-4341

Caroline Kwan (EPA Remedial Project Manager) (212) 637-4275
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-507

Site Information:

Site Name: Victor Industrial Battery

EPA ID No.:

Address: 138 N. San Fernando Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90031

County: Los Angeles

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: No

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The site was previously a battery 

recycler whose owner, Victor Pena, was under investigation by Los Angeles County and the LA 

City Attorney's Office for the illegal discharge of hazardous waste onto the subject property. The 

waste materials were being discharged into an unlined pit in the rear of the property and the 

driveway. The responsible party was subsequently convicted of illegal discharge of hazardous 

waste, sentenced and ordered to remediate the site.

Description of Contamination: In 1994, it was found that the maximum concentration of lead 

in the soil was 30,000 mg/kg and minimum pH was 0.48. Groundwater contamination is 

suspected. 

Sources of Information: 

California Department of Toxic Substances Control. “Victor Industrial Battery.” Site Cleanup –

Site Mitigation and Brownfields Reuse Program Database. (n.d.)

17 January 2006. 

http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/database/Calsites/CALP001.CFM?IDNUM=19360528

Additional Contacts:

Johnson Abraham (PM) Ph: 714-484-5476, jabraham@dtsc.ca.gov
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information:

Site Name: Voda Petroleum, Inc. (Ultra Oil) 

EPA ID No.: TXD061287918

Address: Duncan Road, Clarksville City, TX

County: Gregg

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0604923

Description of Recycling Operation: The Voda Petroleum, Inc site operated as a waste oil 

recycling facility from October 1981 until it was abandoned in November 1991. The site is 

located in a residential neighborhood with occupied residences located directly on the east and 

west sides. During the decade Voda was in business, the facility operated as a 600-barrel-per-day 

maximum design capacity, vacuum distillation waste oil recycling facility. Voda Petroleum, Inc., 

received, stored, and processed lubricating oils, transmission oils, hydraulic oils, diesel oils, 

kerosene, gasoline, aromatic and paraffinic solvents and marketed the heavy residual oil and 

lubricating oil. Wastes from this process were accumulated in 55-gallon drums for on-site 

storage and/or in storage tanks prior to refining and blending.

On February 1, 1993, in the Northern District of Texas, Ronald L. Voda, Sr., owner of Voda 

Petroleum, Inc. was sentenced for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) 

violations by a U.S. District Judge. On February 10, 1989, during execution of a search warrant 

at the Voda Petroleum, Inc. facility, federal agents observed a ditch cut through a levee 

surrounding the process area. Wastewater being discharged from this ditch exceeded limits set 

for the Voda Petroleum, Inc. NPDES permit. The investigation was conducted by the USEPA 

Criminal Investigation Division with assistance from the FBI.

Description of Contamination: Releases from the site have been documented onto adjacent 

residential property and into a tributary of Campbell's Creek. A review of the facility waste 

management activity records revealed that Voda Petroleum received, stored and processed waste 

gasolines, oily wastes, used oil mixed with methyl ethyl ketone, varsol, trichloroethane, toluene, 

and hexane, crude oil, greases and waxes. In 1996, USEPA contracted an emergency removal of 

462 55-gallon drums of grease or oily wastes; 14 55-gallon drums of corrosive wastes; 16 aboveground tanks and associated contaminated soil. Post-removal analysis of soil samples indicated 

some contamination remained above health-based levels. Contaminates include heavy metals and 

volatile organics.

The site did not have a RCRA permit. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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1-509

Sources of Information:

Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. “Voda Petroleum Inc. (Ultra Oil).” 11 May 2005. 

21 January 2006. http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/remediation/superfund/state/voda.html.

Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission. “Community Relations Plan for Voda 

Petroleum Proposed State Superfund Site Clarksville City, Gregg County, Texas.”

January 2001. 21 January 2006. 

http://www.tceq.state.tx.us/assets/public/remediation/superfund/register/pdf0157.pdf.

USEPA. “Site Information: Voda Petroleum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 21 January 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0604923.

USEPA. “Voda Petroleum Inc. Facility Detail Report.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 21 

January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100050

56009.

USEPA. “Voda Petroleum Inc.” RCRA Info. 2 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

Additional Contacts:

Carol Boucher (Texas Commission on Environmental Quality) (512) 239-2501 or (800) 633-

9363, cboucher@tceq.state.tx.us
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Site Information

Site Name: Waste Research & Reclamation Co.*

EPA ID No.: WID990829475

Address: Route 7, Eau Claire, WI 54701

County: Eau Claire

NPL Site: Deleted: 2/5/1993

In CERCLIS Database: 0505256

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: This site was occupied by a roofing 

company from 1970 to 1981. Since 1975, Waste Research & Reclamation Co. has recycled oil 

and solvents from industrial sources at the 19-acre site in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. Hazardous 

wastes were also treated and stored on the privately owned and operated site. It is located about 

0.5 miles east of Lowes Creek, a tributary of the Chippewa River. 

The techniques used to handle and store drums allowed wastes to spill on the site. Runoff from 

waste processing was collected in unlined impoundments. Organic solvents from the site 

contaminated ground water, according to analyses conducted by the state. However, to date, no 

residential wells are contaminated. This operation was primarily a reclamation and recycling 

facility for hazardous liquid waste. Waste materials handled included solvents and flammables. 

The site received RCRA permits in September 1988 and August 2003.

On June 22, 2007, a fire erupted at the Waste Research & Reclamation site. The Wisconsin 

Department of Natural Resources (DNR) said the fire was accidental. Waste Research & 

Reclamation will not face any fines, but they are responsible for cleaning up the site. The DNR 

and federal and state agencies will work with the company to help supervise the clean-up. On 

July 18, 2007, the DNR received the Site Investigation Workplan which states the objectives of 

the investigation to determine the degree and extent of the contamination. 

Description of Contamination: The groundwater, soil, and surface water are contaminated with 

volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to poor waste handling and storage procedures. 

This site was addressed in a long-term remedial phase, focusing on cleanup of the entire site. The 

site was divided into six solid waste management units for investigation and cleanup purposes: 

drum storage sheds; trailer parking, product warehouse, and abandoned drum storage area; pole 

barn-cooling water discharge area and abandoned drum storage area; abandoned lagoon, existing 

holding tank and existing collection sump for surface water runoff; a reclamation area, known as 

the LUWA area, located in the central and western portions of the site; and a reclamation area, 

known as the Kontro area, located in the south central portions of the site. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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The potentially responsible parties (PRPs) for site contamination conducted an investigation into 

the nature and extent of groundwater, surface water, and soil contamination at the site. In 1983, 

the state signed a consent order with the PRPs to implement a long-term monitoring program. 

After adding this site to the NPL, USEPA performed preliminary investigations and determined 

that no immediate actions were required at the site while studies were taking place. These 

investigations determined that the site should be managed under the authority of RCRA, instead 

of CERCLA. Therefore, the site was deleted from the NPL on February 5, 1993. Clean up costs 

at the site for the remedial phase amounted to $6,470.32.

Well sampling performed shortly after the 2007 fire at Waste Research & Reclamation indicated 

that there were ketone and alcohol constituents in wells near the areas where fire suppression 

water was released. Two weeks later, further sampling indicated that there were no longer ketone 

and alcohol contaminants in groundwater from wells on the site. Wisconsin Department of 

Natural Resources is not aware of any residual effects in aquifers; however, residual effects in 

confined aquifers are yet undetermined. The only costs associated with the contamination from 

the fire are the sampling costs which were paid for by Waste Research & Reclamation. 

Sources of Information:

Schoen, Jill. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, (715) 839-2788, Interview: 25 

February 2008. 

USEPA Region 5. “NPL Fact Sheets for Wisconsin: Waste Research & Reclamation Co.” 

January 2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/npl/wisconsin/WID990829475.htm

USEPA. Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). 30 September 2004. 18 January 

2006.

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Waste Research & Reclamation Co.” 7 October 2004. 18 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/nar727.htm

USEPA. “Permit Series List.” RCRAInfo. 19 January 2006.

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile for Waste Research & Reclamation Co.” CERCLIS. 

12 October 2006. 23 October 2006

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0505256
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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WEAU Channel 13. “WRR Fire Environmental Impact.” 22 June 2007. 20 February 2008. 

http://www.weau.com/home/headlines/8142612.html

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau for Remediation and Redevelopment 

Tracking System (BRRTS). “WRR Environmental Services Remediation Activity 

Details.” 28 November 2007. 22 February 2008. 

http://botw.dnr.state.wi.us/botw/GetActivityDetail.do?detailSeqNo=33784&siteId=15292

00&crumb=1&s=B

Willcom, Mae. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, (715) 839-3748, Interview: 27 

February 2008.
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-513

Site Name: Webb Mineral/TNT General Contracting Site

EPA ID No.: Webb Mineral: MOILIHHSM001

TNT GC: MOR000537373

Address:

TNT GC Site: Rural Route 3, Box 83, Kahoka, Clark 

County, MO

Webb Minerals LLC: 1261 Maine street. Quincy, IL

County: Clark

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: NA

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: TNT General Contracting Inc. (TNT) 

operates a facility on Rural Route 3 in Kahoka, Missouri. At this facility, TNT stores and mixes a 

number of zinc bearing materials on behalf of Webb Minerals LLC (Webb), a company based in 

Quincy, Illinois. The actual property is owned by a third group, The Carl and Carol Trump Trust, 

which was formed and took ownership from Gary and Carol Trump in April 2000. 

While TNT is responsible for the site operations, Webb owns all the zinc bearing materials 

brought to the facility, as well as all resulting mixtures (and wastes). The processed ingredients 

are sold by Webb primarily to commercial fertilizer manufacturers for addition as a zinc nutrient. 

The zinc is processed from a number of materials, including hazardous wastes from metal plating 

or galvanizing facilities. 

In 2006, the facility suffered a fire as zinc oxide waste started smoldering after getting wet in the 

rain. Although the fire department did respond to the incident, reports do not indicate any 

significant damage. In 2010, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) conducted 

an inspection of the facility operations and collected soil and water samples. These inspections 

found spilled or abandoned materials without proper labeling and the presence of a number of 

potentially hazardous materials in the wastes and/or surrounding soils. The sampling also 

determined there were unauthorized discharges into a tributary or Weaver Branch and violations 

of water quality in this tributary resulting from improper management of wastes. 

Description of Contamination: Contamination at this site has been caused primarily by 

improper management of hazardous materials. Inspections in 2010 found piles of abandoned 

materials including bags, totes, and drums stored or disposed of onsite and lacking proper 

hazardous waste determination. Sampling of these materials found the presence of zinc, barium, 

mercury, nickel, 2-Butanone, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead in 

the wastes or surrounding soils. Materials also demonstrated hazardous waste characteristics for 

toxicity and ignitability (shown in example by a 2006 fire). The inspections also indicated 

unauthorized discharges into a tributary of the Weaver Branch, and water samples indicated 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-514

pollutants including boron, arsenic, copper, ammonia, zinc, chromium, cobalt, manganese, 

nickel, selenium, aluminum, barium, cadmium, and 2-butanone. 

Based on these inspections and testing, MDNR issued an administrative order to Webb, TNT, 

and the property owner that required them to obtain proper permits, cease the reception of 

hazardous waste until federal requirements are met, and identify a plan for cleanup and future 

management practices. 

Sources of Information:

1. U. S. EPA. Region 7. Unilateral Administrative Order. TNT General Contracting Inc, 

Webb Minerals LLC, Gary and Carol Trump Trust. 2010. Accessed Online. November 

2011: 

http://www.epa.gov/region07/businesses/consent_agree_final_order/2010/tnt_general_co

ntracting_inc_webb_minerals_llc_and_trump_trust_kahoka_mo_090210.pdf

2. U. S, EPA. Facility Registry Systems. Facility Detail Report. TNT General Contracting. 

Accessed Online. November 2011: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100422

53263

3. Kahoka Fire Department. Incident Report. TNT. Sent to MDNR November 2010. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-515

Site Information

Site Name: Yellow Water Road Dump

EPA ID No.: FLD980844179

Address: 1190 Yellow Water Road, Baldwin, FL 32234

County: Duval

NPL Site: Deleted 5/18/1999

In CERCLIS Database: 0400933

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The 14-acre Yellow Water Road Dump 

site is a former storage area for PCB-contaminated liquids and electrical equipment and began 

in 1981 as a salvage operation for transformers. The property, originally purchased in 1940 for 

commercial development, was later acquired by the American Environmental Energy 

Corporation (AEEC). In 1981, AEEC entered into a joint venture with two other corporations 

with the intent of moving an incinerator to the site to destroy PCBs and began onsite storage of 

PCB-contaminated liquids and electrical equipment at the former operational area in 

anticipation of upcoming onsite incineration operations. The proper permits for the incinerator

were never obtained. In 1982, PCB-contaminated oils were spilled at the site during onsite 

salvage operations to remove valuable metal parts from transformer carcasses. The operation 

ended in 1984 when the property was rezoned. An estimated 150,000 gallons of PCBcontaminated fluids were stored at the site. Much of this fluid leaked from storage vessels and 

contaminated site soils and the underlying surficial aquifer. 

Description of Contamination: Groundwater, sediment and soil are contaminated with PCBs. 

In 1984, EPA conducted a removal action that included cleaning and storing 719 electrical 

transformers; securing 100,000 gallons of PCB liquids in onsite holding tanks; and excavating 

and storing 3,000 cubic yards of PCB-contaminated soil onsite. In 1988, EPA directed a second 

removal action that included demolishing an onsite warehouse; disposing of warehouse debris 

and stockpiling contaminated soil offsite; incinerating 78,854 gallons of PCB liquids offsite; and 

disposing of 704 transformers and 18,690 pounds of capacitors offsite. 

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 4. “Florida NPL/NPL Caliber Cleanup Site Summaries.” 13 December 2005. 19 

February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region4/waste/npl/nplfln/yellowfl.htm

USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Yellow Water Road Dump.” 28 September 1990. 

19 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0490067.pdf
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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USEPA. “EPA Superfund Record of Decision: Yellow Water Road Dump.” 30 June 1992. 19 

February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/rods/fulltext/r0492103.pdf

USEPA. “Federal Register Notice – Notice of Deletion of Yellow Water Road Dump Superfund 

Site from the National Priorities List (NPL).” 18 May 1999. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/d990518.htm

USEPA. “Final Five-Year Review Report Second Five-Year Review for Yellow Water Road 

Superfund Site.” September 2005. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f05-04018.pdf

USEPA. “NPL Site Narrative for Yellow Water Road Dump.” 10 June 1986. 19 February 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplsnl/n0400933.pdf

USEPA. “Superfund Site Progress Profile: Yellow Water Road Dump.” CERCLIS. 10 January 

2006. 19 February 2006. 

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0400933

USEPA. “Yellow Water Road Dump Superfund Site Five Year Review Report.” 13 September 

2000. 19 February 2006. http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/fiveyear/f00-04025.pdf

Additional Contacts: 

Dave Keefer (RPM) (404) 562-8932
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

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Site Information

Site Name: Zimble Drum

EPA ID No.: MAN000103183 

Address: 61 Endicott Street, Norwood, MA 02062

County: Norfolk 

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0103183

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Zimble Drum site is located on a 

13-acre property and is a defunct scrap metal recycling facility. The site includes four 1-story 

buildings. Three of the buildings are brick/masonry construction and one is pre-finished metal. 

One of the brick buildings has an unfinished basement, additional office space, and a loading 

dock. A second building also has an unfinished basement where a number of containers were 

staged. The Zimble Drum site is a "removal only" site, meaning the Site Assessment program 

has not had any involvement at this location. 

Description of Contamination: In May 2002, a number of containers, drums, and cylinders 

were found left behind at the site. There were approximately 100 containers scattered throughout 

the four buildings. These included seven cylinders, eight capacitors with “Pyranol” labels, 

indicative of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) containing oil, a number of 55-gallon drums, and 

various sized smaller containers. Some of the cylinders were unlabeled. Stained floors indicated 

past leaks. Many of the 55-gallon drums were labeled as containing oil or oil-like product, but 

they did not appear to be virgin drums. Other container labels indicated the presence of sulfuric 

acid and mercury. Lead was found at higher than normal levels in the soil and some soil samples 

contained semi-volatile organic compounds as well as asbestos. 

According to the November 30, 2005 Federal Register Notice, Gill Pond Realty Trust agreed to 

pay $300,000 to the Hazardous Substance Superfund and to complete remediation of 

contaminated surface soils on Site.

Sources of Information: 

EPA Region 1. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England: Zimble Drum.” 9 October 2002. 

17 November 2005. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/R1/npl_pad.nsf/0/3bcec1dfa2d37d0785256c4d00498046?OpenD

ocument

Federal Register (Volume 70, Number 229) Page 71846-71847. “Proposed CERCLA 

Administrative Cost Recovery Settlement; Gill Pond Realty Trust, Zimble Drum 

Superfund Site, Norwood, MA.” 30 November 2005. 25 January 2006. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-518

http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/2005/November/Day-30/f6697.htm

USEPA. “Zimble Drum.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 17 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0103183

USEPA. “Zimble Drum.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 25 January 2006.

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110013802288

Additional Contacts:

Gary Lipson (OSC) (617) 918-1274 lipson.gary@epa.gov 

Nancy Smith (SAM) (617) 918-1436

Alex Sherrin, 617-918-1252
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-519

Site Information

Site Name: Zollo Drum Company

EPA ID No.: CTD075394254

Address: 100 Railroad Ave, Beacon Falls, CT 06403

County: New Haven

NPL Site: No

In CERCLIS Database: 0100184

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: Zollo Drum Company is a 0.75-acre site 

that consists of a drum storage area and a gravel parking area. Ownership and operational 

activities at this site prior to 1964 are unknown. From 1964 to 1990, a small drum reclamation 

facility operated on the property under various owners and operators. Operations on the property 

have included the storage of solvents and waste oils in two 20,000-gallon USTs located on the 

adjacent southern property, and the transportation and storage of waste oils and chemical wastes, 

including industrial sludges and wastewater. Hazardous wastes that have been disposed of, used, 

or stored on the property include metal sludges, oily wastes, halogenated and nonhalogenated 

solvents, lacquer thinner, acids, paints, pigments, dyes, inks, rubber solvents, flyash, pickling 

liquors, and laboratory and pharmaceutical wastes. In 1977, a fire occurred in an on-site 

warehouse; it is unknown whether drum contents were released during the fire. In 1984, the 

transportation of hazardous waste for disposal ceased, and site activities until 1990 consisted of 

the collection of empty drums for reclamation. This site has been deferred to the Connecticut 

Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). It is difficult to determine the exact time of site 

contamination. It is unclear if the site was abandoned. 

Zollo Drum Company did not have a RCRA permit. 

Description of Contamination: Analytical results of soil samples collected from the property 

and the adjacent southern property in 1989 indicated the presence of volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs), including tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethane; inorganic elements, including lead, 

arsenic, chromium, and zinc; semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs); and polychlorinated 

biphenyls (PCBs). 

Sources of Information: 

Hatzopoulos, Tom (On-scene Coordinator) Interview, 12/8/2005

USEPA. “National Oil Services.” RCRAInfo. 1 September 2000. 18 January 2006. 

USEPA. “Waste Site Cleanup & Reuse in New England: Zollo Drum Company.” 15 July 2002. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

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17 July 2006. 

http://yosemite.epa.gov/r1/npl_pad.nsf/0/78b5b20e7d4b468e85256b4200605353?OpenD

ocument

USEPA. “Zollo Drum Company.” CERCLIS. 8 December 2005. 17 January 2006.

http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0100184

USEPA. “Zollo Drum Company.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse. (n.d.). 24 January

2006. http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110003018350

Additional Contacts:

Richard-A Zollo (203) 729-6538

Tom Hatzopoulos (OSC) 617-918-1284

Gerardo Millan-Ramos (SAM) 617-918-1377

Patricia DeRosa, 860-424-3501
Appendix 1 December 2014

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Recycling of Hazardous Secondary Materials

1-521

Site Information:

Site Name: Zschiegner Refining Co.

EPA ID No.: NJD986643153

Address: 1442 Maxim-Southard Road, Howell Township, NJ 07731

County: Monmouth

NPL Site: Final Remedy Selected 9/30/2004

In CERCLIS Database: 0203757

Site History and Description of Recycling Operation: The Zschiegner Refining Company 

operated from 1964 to 1992 as a precious metals recovery facility. On-site operations included 

chemical stripping of precious metals, like gold, silver, platinum and nickel from watch bands, 

film, and electrical components. In October 1992, the Federal Drug Enforcement Administration 

raided the facility based on suspicions of illegal drug manufacturing and found the facility owner 

had been manufacturing methamphetamine. Approximately 3,000 different chemicals (including 

peroxide, cyanide, caustics, and acids) were found improperly stored throughout the site. 

A USEPA August 2004 proposed Superfund Cleanup Plan estimates total costs at the site as $6.7 

million. 

Description of Contamination: Operations at the site resulted in contamination of the building, 

soil, sediment, ground water, and adjacent wetlands with arsenic, chromium and cyanide. Former 

employees of the site have noted that spent acid solutions, too weak for "stripping" metals, were 

regularly decanted into floor drains or emptied by hose. During initial removal actions, 

approximately 2,000 gallons of acidic solutions, 1,600 gallons of basic solutions, and 1,400 small 

containers of hazardous substances were transferred to acceptable containers and disposed of off 

site. The presence of organic and inorganic contamination in soil, sediments, surface water, and 

ground water, and inorganic contamination in the building, was found during the remedial 

investigation.

Herbert Zschiegner pled guilty on April 26, 1995, to illegally dumping chemicals into a 

Monmouth County brook and adjacent wetlands during the period from 1990 to 1992. 

Zschiegner admitted to violating three counts of the Clean Water Act by illegally discharging, 

without a permit, acids, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, silver, zinc and iron from his metals 

recovery operation into the Haystack Brook and surrounding wetlands between January 1990 and 

October 31, 1992. On September 28, 1995, Zschiegner was sentenced to 16 months in jail on 

each of the three counts and 3 years probation. As part of his plea agreement and sentence, 

Zschiegner is also required to pay $650,000 to the USEPA as partial restitution for the costs 

incurred by the Agency in cleaning up the former business site. 
Appendix 1 December 2014

Damage Cases from

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Sources of Information:

EPA Region 2. “August 2004 Superfund Proposed Plan: Zschiegner Refining Co.” 24 August 

2004. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/zschienger_proposal_plan.htm

EPA Region 2- Newsroom. “EPA Proposes Cleanup Plan for Howell Superfund Site.” 24 August 

2004. 18 January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2004/04132.htm

EPA Region 2- Superfund. “ EPA to Clean Up Howell Superfund Site.” 13 October 2004. 18 

January 2006. http://www.epa.gov/region02/news/2004/04157.htm

New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services. Public Health Assessment: Zschiegner 

Refining Co.” 1 July 1999. 18 January 2006. 

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HAC/PHA/zschiegner/zsc_toc.html

USEPA. “NPL Site Fact Sheet: Zschiegner Refining.” (n.d.) 18 January 2006. 

http://www.epa.gov/region02/superfund/npl/0203757c.pdf

USEPA. “Zschiegner Refining.” CERCLIS. 27 October 2005. 25 January 2006. 

http://cfpub1.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0203757

USEPA. “Zschiegner Refining.” Envirofacts Data Warehouse.(n.d.). 25 January 2006. 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/multisys2.get_list?facility_uin=110004239280

Additional Contacts:

Stephanie Vaughn (Project Manager) (212) 637-1866 or vaughn.stephanie@epa.gov