U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800

Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001

87–574PDF 2003

EFFORTS OF THE PEACE PARKS FOUNDATION IN THE REPUBLIC

OF SOUTH AFRICA; RECOGNIZING THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF THE U.S. RELATIONSHIP WITH THE REPUBLIC

OF DJIBOUTI; CONCERNING THE TRANSITION TO DEMOCRACY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURUNDI; COMMENDING THE

REPUBLIC OF KENYA FOR ITS RECENT ELECTIONS AND CONTINUED SUCCESSFUL DEMOCRACY; HONORING THE LIFE AND

WORK OF THE LATE WALTER SISULU OF SOUTH AFRICA;

AND THE ISSUE OF SLAVERY AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES

IN SUDAN

MARKUP

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA

OF THE

COMMITTEE ON 

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS

FIRST SESSION

ON

H. Con. Res. 80, H. Con. Res. 134, H. Con. Res. 154,

H. Res. 177, H. Res. 237 and H. Res. 194

JUNE 4, 2003

Serial No. 108–20

Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations

(

Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/international—relations 

(II)

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 

HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois, Chairman 

JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa 

DOUG BEREUTER, Nebraska 

CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, 

Vice Chairman 

DAN BURTON, Indiana 

ELTON GALLEGLY, California 

ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida 

CASS BALLENGER, North Carolina 

DANA ROHRABACHER, California 

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California 

PETER T. KING, New York 

STEVE CHABOT, Ohio 

AMO HOUGHTON, New York 

JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York 

THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado 

RON PAUL, Texas 

NICK SMITH, Michigan 

JOSEPH R. PITTS, Pennsylvania 

JEFF FLAKE, Arizona 

JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia 

MARK GREEN, Wisconsin 

JERRY WELLER, Illinois 

MIKE PENCE, Indiana 

THADDEUS G. MCCOTTER, Michigan 

WILLIAM J. JANKLOW, South Dakota 

KATHERINE HARRIS, Florida 

TOM LANTOS, California 

HOWARD L. BERMAN, California 

GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York 

ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American 

Samoa 

DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey 

ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey 

SHERROD BROWN, Ohio 

BRAD SHERMAN, California 

ROBERT WEXLER, Florida 

ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York 

WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts 

GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York 

BARBARA LEE, California 

JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York 

JOSEPH M. HOEFFEL, Pennsylvania 

EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon 

SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada 

GRACE F. NAPOLITANO, California 

ADAM B. SCHIFF, California 

DIANE E. WATSON, California 

ADAM SMITH, Washington 

BETTY MCCOLLUM, Minnesota 

CHRIS BELL, Texas 

THOMAS E. MOONEY, SR., Staff Director/General Counsel 

ROBERT R. KING, Democratic Staff Director 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA

EDWARD R. ROYCE, California, Chairman 

AMO HOUGHTON, New York 

THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado 

JEFF FLAKE, Arizona 

MARK GREEN, Wisconsin 

DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey 

GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York 

BARBARA LEE, California 

BETTY McCOLLUM, Minnesota 

THOMAS P. SHEEHY, Subcommittee Staff Director 

MALIK M. CHAKA, Professional Staff Member 

NOELLE LUSANE, Democratic Professional Staff Member 

GREG GALVIN, Staff Associate 

(III)

C O N T E N T S 

Page

MARKUP OF 

H. Con. Res. 80, Expressing the sense of Congress relating to efforts of 

the Peace Parks Foundation in the Republic of South Africa to facilitate 

the establishment and development of transfrontier conservation efforts 

in southern Africa ................................................................................................ 2

H. Con. Res. 134, Acknowledging the deepening relationship between the 

United States and the Republic of Djibouti and recognizing Djibouti’s role 

in combating terrorism ........................................................................................ 6

H. Con. Res. 154, Concerning the transition to democracy in the Republic 

of Burundi ............................................................................................................. 11

H. Res. 177, Commending the people of the Republic of Kenya for conducting 

free and fair elections, for the peaceful and orderly transfer of power 

in their government, and for the continued success of democracy in their 

nation since that transition ................................................................................. 16

Amendment to H. Res. 177 offered by the Honorable Mark Green, a Representative in Congress from the State of Wisconsin .................................... 21

H. Res. 237, Honoring the life and work of Walter Sisulu, a critical leader 

in the movement to free South Africa of apartheid, on the occasion of 

his death ............................................................................................................... 24

H. Res. 194, Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish 

slavery and other human rights abuses in the Sudan ...................................... 29

Amendment to H. Res. 194 offered by the Honorable Edward R. Royce, 

a Representative in Congress from the State of California, and Chairman, 

Subcommittee on Africa ................................................................................... 35

(1)

EFFORTS OF THE PEACE PARKS FOUNDATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA; RECOGNIZING THE GROWING 

IMPORTANCE OF THE U.S. RELATIONSHIP WITH THE REPUBLIC OF DJIBOUTI; CONCERNING THE TRANSITION TO 

DEMOCRACY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURUNDI; COMMENDING THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA FOR ITS RECENT 

ELECTIONS AND CONTINUED SUCCESSFUL DEMOCRACY; 

HONORING THE LIFE AND WORK OF THE LATE WALTER 

SISULU OF SOUTH AFRICA; AND THE ISSUE OF SLAVERY 

AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES IN SUDAN

WEDNESDAY, JUNE 4, 2003

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 

SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA, 

COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, 

Washington, DC. 

The Subcommittee met, pursuant to call, at 2:10 p.m. in Room 

2252, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Edward R. Royce 

[Chairman of the Subcommittee] presiding. 

Mr. ROYCE. Pursuant to notice, I call up the resolution, H. Con. 

Res. 80, for purposes of markup. Without objection, the resolution 

will be considered as read and open to amendment at any point. 

Congressman Boehlert, with the support of many others of this 

Committee, including Vice Chairman Houghton and myself, has reintroduced legislation supporting the efforts of the Peace Parks 

Foundation in the Republic of South Africa. The Peace Parks Foundation, a non-profit organization, facilitates the establishment and 

development of transfrontier conservation areas among two or more 

of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries. 

The purpose of the peace parks is to better allow wildlife to move 

freely across international borders, which will promote biodiversity, 

economic development and peaceful cooperation between all countries involved. The Peace Parks Foundation enjoys the full support 

of all heads of state of the SADC countries and is currently developing 232,000 square miles of conservation area in between. It 

makes sense to support initiatives that foster cooperation between 

countries in an area of the world where peace and stability are continually challenged. 

Earlier this year, the Subcommittee held a hearing on the Congo 

Basin Forest Partnership, an innovative international approach to 

the conservation of the forest and wildlife. The Peace Parks initiative is along similar lines and deserves our support. Last year we 

viewed a very similar piece of legislation, and we recommended it 

favorably to the Full Committee. 

[H. Con. Res. 80 follows:]

2

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. CON. RES. 80

Expressing the sense of Congress relating to efforts of the Peace Parks

Foundation in the Republic of South Africa to facilitate the establishment

and development of transfrontier conservation efforts in southern Africa.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

MARCH 6, 2003

Mr. BOEHLERT (for himself, Mr. ROYCE, Mr. HOUGHTON, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr.

GILCHREST, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE

JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. LEE, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr.

CUMMINGS, Mr. FATTAH, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, and Mr.

OWENS) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

Expressing the sense of Congress relating to efforts of the

Peace Parks Foundation in the Republic of South Africa

to facilitate the establishment and development of

transfrontier conservation efforts in southern Africa.

Whereas on February 1, 1997, the Peace Parks Foundation

was established in the Republic of South Africa as a nonprofit company to facilitate the establishment of

transfrontier conservation areas in the Southern African

Development Community (SADC) countries;

Whereas the overall purpose of the Peace Parks Foundation

is to facilitate the establishment and development of


87574a.AAB
3

2

•HCON 80 IH

transfrontier areas involving two or more countries without compromising national sovereignty, and allowing the

free movement of humankind and animals across international borders within the peace park and thereby contributing to economic development, job creation, and

peace and understanding between the countries concerned;

Whereas former South African President Nelson Mandela is

a patron emeritus of the Peace Parks Foundation and

the heads of state of the SADC countries are honorary

patrons of the Foundation;

Whereas the Peace Parks Foundation has received the full

support and endorsement for its efforts and activities

from the heads of state of the SADC countries;

Whereas eight transfrontier conservation areas totaling approximately 232,000 square miles are supported by the

Peace Parks Foundation in the SADC countries; and

Whereas the United States values peace and stability in the

global community, and in particular Africa, and has long

recognized the significance of sustainable economic development and the conservation of biodiversity: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate

2 concurring), That it is the sense of Congress that—

3 (1) the United States should support efforts to

4 facilitate the establishment and development of

5 transfrontier conservation areas in the Southern Af6 rican Development Community (SADC) countries;

7 and


87574a.AAC
4

3

•HCON 80 IH

1 (2) nongovernmental organizations and founda2 tions in the United States should be encouraged to

3 support and promote sustainable economic develop4 ment and benefits through the preservation of wild5 life in peace parks on an expanded and inclusive

6 basis to the benefit of the countries concerned and

7 their people.

Æ


87574a.AAD
5

Mr. ROYCE. It is at this time that I would like to recognize the 

Ranking Member of the Subcommittee, Mr. Donald Payne of New 

Jersey, for any comments or statement he might have on this bill. 

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I would like 

to associate myself with your remarks. I just received in my office 

a day or two ago a beautiful book from Gabon showing all of the—

I do not know if you received it, too, but fantastic photos of their 

parks. It certainly showed what a country that has started to preserve its wildlife can do. 

This makes a lot of sense. It would be difficult for an elephant 

to stop at the line of South Africa and not step into Botswana, so 

I am glad that we are going to allow them to pass the borders without any problems. 

Mr. ROYCE. It is also difficult to stop him. 

Mr. PAYNE. That is right. That is why I think the legislation 

makes even more sense. The transfrontier area is a good bill. I 

commend the persons for introducing it and certainly support it 

wholeheartedly. 

Mr. ROYCE. The Chair is aware of no amendments, so the Chair 

will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably. 

Mr. PAYNE. I so move. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably. All in favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution is reported favorably. The staff is directed to make any technical and 

conforming amendments. 

Pursuant to notice, I call up the resolution, H. Con. Res. 134, for 

purposes of markup. Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and open for amendment at any point. 

I introduced this resolution to recognize the growing importance 

of the United States relationship with the Republic of Djibouti. 

Djibouti has been a strong ally and a beacon of stability in the conflict-torn and strategic Horn of Africa region. It also serves as a 

much needed voice of moderation in the Arab League and other 

international organizations. 

The United States has much to gain from stronger ties with this 

republic. It is important that Congress acknowledge the support 

that Djibouti has provided to the United States in the war on terrorism, including its hosting of 900 U.S. troops and U.S. broadcasting facilities. 

[H. Con. Res. 134 follows:]

6

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. CON. RES. 134

Acknowledging the deepening relationship between the United States and

the Republic of Djibouti and recognizing Djibouti’s role in combating

terrorism.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

APRIL 1, 2003

Mr. ROYCE (for himself, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. FLAKE, and Mr. JEFFERSON) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the

Committee on International Relations

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

Acknowledging the deepening relationship between the United

States and the Republic of Djibouti and recognizing

Djibouti’s role in combating terrorism.

Whereas the Republic of Djibouti attained independence in

1977 and has since maintained good relations with the

United States;

Whereas Djibouti lies at the junction of the Red Sea and the

Gulf of Aden, a strategic maritime passage;

Whereas during the first Persian Gulf War, Djibouti provided

important assistance to the United States and its coalition partners, including access to its modern ports and

airports;


87574b.AAB
7

2

•HCON 134 IH

Whereas the Republic of Djibouti is a voice of moderation in

the African Union, the Organization of the Islamic Conference, and the Arab League;

Whereas for over a decade, Djibouti has been a force for stability in the conflict-prone Horn of Africa;

Whereas since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001,

Djibouti has been a full and active partner with the

United States in the global war on terrorism;

Whereas Djibouti has hosted United States military forces

for over one year and has allowed United States and

other coalition military forces to conduct extensive training exercises;

Whereas the United States Central Command has chosen

Djibouti as the headquarters of the Combined Joint Task

Force-Horn of Africa, a key anchor of the United States

Central Command’s antiterrorist efforts;

Whereas President Ismail Omar Guelleh of the Republic of

Djibouti visited the United States in January, 2003 to

discuss strengthening bilateral cooperation, economic development, and other issues, and was warmly received by

President George W. Bush and members of his cabinet;

Whereas Djibouti suffers one of the highest infant mortality

rates in Africa;

Whereas the executive branch plans to establish an office of

the United States Agency for International Development

in Djibouti;

Whereas the executive branch recently established a transmission facility in Djibouti to support international

broadcasting by the United States of Arabic language

programs throughout the Middle East; and


87574b.AAC
8

3

•HCON 134 IH

Whereas Djibouti is a key ally of the United States in a strategically important region: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate

2 concurring), That the Congress—

3 (1) acknowledges the deepening relationship be4 tween the United States and the Republic of

5 Djibouti;

6 (2) recognizes the support and assistance

7 Djibouti has provided in combating terrorism;

8 (3) applauds the Republic of Djibouti for wel9 coming the presence of United States military forces

10 for training and other purposes; and

11 (4) encourages expanded relations between the

12 United States and the Republic of Djibouti on issues

13 of importance to the two countries, including assist14 ance programs aimed at promoting economic devel15 opment in Djibouti.

Æ


87574b.AAD
9

Mr. ROYCE. I would now like to recognize Mr. Payne of New Jersey if he should have a statement. 

Mr. PAYNE. Yes. I certainly support this. I had the opportunity 

to meet with representatives from Djibouti, and when they initially 

agreed to continue cooperation when the threat was heightened, 

they were actually in jeopardy of being targeted themselves. We 

have seen that countries in Africa that have positive relationships 

with the United States tend to become targets. We saw that with 

Kenya. We saw that with Tanzania. 

I think that this is a step in the right direction. I think we ought 

to do more, though, in supporting our African allies as they become 

the target of terrorists as they support our war on terrorism, so I 

hope that in the future we could even expand it to see that the cooperating countries will be able to benefit and be assisted in infrastructure and telecommunications and the things that they need. 

I certainly wholeheartedly support the resolution. 

Mr. ROYCE. The Chair is aware of no amendments, so the Chair 

will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably to the Full Committee. 

Mr. PAYNE. I so move. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably. All in favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution is reported favorably. The staff is directed to make any technical and 

conforming amendments. 

Pursuant to notice, I call up resolution H. Con. Res. 154 for purposes of markup. Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and open for amendment at any point. 

This resolution concerning the Republic of Burundi was introduced by the Ranking Member, Mr. Payne. As this resolution 

notes, Nelson Mandela was instrumental in the negotiations that 

ended a decade long civil war and ushered in the current transitional government in Burundi. This civil war has left over 100,000 

dead and displaced many thousands more from their homes. While 

there is still fighting between the government and armed extremist 

groups, there is hope for peace in Burundi. 

As agreed to in the peace accords, presidential power was recently transferred from Pierre Buyoya to Domitien Ndayizeye. This 

act marks the midway point of Burundi’s 36 month transitional 

government. The United States can help the transition by providing increased assistance and by lifting the restrictions imposed 

on Burundi after the 1996 coup, and that is what this resolution 

calls for. 

As Nelson Mandela said,

‘‘It must be possible for the people of Burundi to materially distinguish between the destructiveness of conflict and the benefits of peace.’’

The Subcommittee held a hearing on this crisis in the Great 

Lakes Region in April. In this area, the situation in the Ituri Province of Northeastern Congo demands international attention, and 

10

I appreciate that Mr. Payne has followed up on that hearing with 

this resolution on Burundi and will now go to Mr. Payne for his 

statement. 

[H. Con. Res. 154 follows:]

11

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. CON. RES. 154

Concerning the transition to democracy in the Republic of Burundi.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

APRIL 12, 2003

Mr. PAYNE submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred

to the Committee on International Relations

CONCURRENT RESOLUTION

Concerning the transition to democracy in the Republic of

Burundi.

Whereas more than 100,000 people have died and hundreds

of thousands have been displaced due to the decade-long

civil war in the Republic of Burundi;

Whereas in 2001, 19 political parties from Burundi signed an

historic peace agreement in Arusha, Tanzania, which was

mediated by former South African President Nelson

Mandela;

Whereas in November 2001, a transitional national government for Burundi was established, consisting of representatives from political parties that signed the 2001

peace agreement, with President Pierre Buyoya as interim head of state for the initial 18 months, and current

Vice President Domitien Ndayizeye as successor head of


87574c.AAB
12

2

•HCON 154 IH

state for the remaining 18 months of the 36-month transition period;

Whereas the Government of South Africa has deployed more

than 600 troops to provide protection for the politicians

who are returning to Burundi and to support of the transitional national government;

Whereas although the formation of the transitional national

government in Burundi offers hope for a permanent

peace, Burundi still faces daunting challenges in the

short-term, such as armed extremist groups which refused to sign the 2001 peace agreement and which continue to terrorize the civilian population and threaten the

stability of the transitional government;

Whereas the Government of Burundi continues to face serious economic problems and a crushing external debt burden; and

Whereas hundreds of thousands of refugees from Burundi remain in desperate conditions in refugee camps in Tanzania and other neighboring countries: Now, therefore, be

it

1 Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate

2 concurring), That Congress—

3 (1) strongly commends the efforts of former

4 South African President Nelson Mandela and others

5 involved in the historic peace agreement for the Re6 public of Burundi that was signed in 2001 in

7 Arusha, Tanzania;


87574c.AAC
13

3

•HCON 154 IH

1 (2) calls on the President to significantly in2 crease development and economic assistance to Bu3 rundi;

4 (3) strongly urges the President to work with

5 Congress to lift restrictions imposed on Burundi

6 shortly after the 1996 coup in Burundi;

7 (4) strongly urges the President, acting through

8 the Administrator of the United States Agency for

9 International Development (USAID), to establish a

10 USAID mission in Burundi;

11 (5) calls on the Administrator of USAID to

12 provide funds in support of demobilization programs

13 and to support efforts designed to bring lasting

14 peace and democracy to Burundi; and

15 (6) strongly urges the international community

16 to assist Burundi in its debt relief efforts, including

17 through the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initia18 tive.

Æ


87574c.AAD
14

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I urge my colleagues to support this very important and timely resolution which 

calls on the United States to join the international community to 

pay close attention to and help facilitate Burundi’s transition to democracy. 

H. Con. Res. 154 is a piece of legislation for all who love democracy and should support this. As has been indicated, having recently emerged from a 10 year civil war, Burundi is currently at 

a critical stage. 

The Arusha Peace Accords negotiated by former South African 

President Nelson Mandela provide for power sharing to be shared 

between the Tutsi minority, who traditionally ruled the country, 

and the Hutu majority. To warrant implementation of this accord, 

the critical handover of the first Hutu leader occurred on April 30 

with President Buyoya passing it on to new President Ndayizeye. 

This is a positive development, but it must be followed up at the 

next stage to insure that when the automatic transition ends and 

Burundi then will have an election that we give the support for Burundi’s fragile democracy attempting to sort out the problems that 

it has had. 

I would like to commend President Mandela. I attended a meeting in Arusha with many of the parties. It was a very successful 

meeting that led to this conclusion, but the next 18 months will be 

important and then the next election, so I certainly urge my colleagues to support the resolution. 

Thank you. 

Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Flake? 

Mr. FLAKE. Mr. Payne, is it anticipated that Burundi—does it 

have everything in place to qualify for the MCA? I know the framework is still being established for the validity of accounts, but is 

it anticipated that they will meet those guidelines? 

Mr. PAYNE. We have been having meetings with the Administration attempting to find out which countries will qualify. It would 

appear that the transparency ruling is just. 

Although there was an agreement that there would be an 18 

month President and then go to the second 18 months, there really 

has not been an election that they could question whether this is 

a democracy, but I think in light of the fragile situation there I 

would hope that the MCA committee would give special consideration to this very sensitive area. 

The other thing that is very important is that the African countries have stepped up to the plate. South Africa has peacekeepers 

there, much of it done through the OAU. They are coming up with 

solutions to the problem, and I think that the least we could do is 

to try to give assistance to a country of this nature. 

We will look into that and ask our Assistant Secretary to see if 

that can have special consideration. 

Mr. FLAKE. Thank you. 

Mr. ROYCE. Knowing of no amendments, the Chair will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably to the 

Full Committee. 

Mr. PAYNE. I will move. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably. All in favor say aye. 

15

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. Opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution will be 

reported favorably. The staff is directed to make any technical and 

conforming amendments. 

Pursuant to notice, I call up the resolution, H. Res. 177, for purposes of markup. Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and open for amendment at any point. 

Congressman Green has introduced legislation congratulating 

the Republic of Kenya on its recent elections and continued successful democracy. The December 2002 presidential and parliamentary and local elections which Mr. Green observed were the first 

free and fair elections the people of Kenya had participated in since 

the country won its independence in 1963. 

The elections led to a transfer of power from former President 

Moi to President Kibaki, and this resolution recognizes their efforts 

to make the transformation peacefully and orderly. While great 

challenges lie ahead, since the elections and transfer of power, democracy has gained ground in Kenya, and it makes sense to recognize Kenya for its recent outstanding efforts in this area. 

[H. Res. 177 follows:]

16

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 177

Commending the people of the Republic of Kenya for conducting free and

fair elections, for the peaceful and orderly transfer of power in their

government, and for the continued success of democracy in their nation

since that transition.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

APRIL 3, 2003

Mr. GREEN of Wisconsin submitted the following resolution; which was

referred to the Committee on International Relations

RESOLUTION

Commending the people of the Republic of Kenya for conducting free and fair elections, for the peaceful and orderly transfer of power in their government, and for

the continued success of democracy in their nation since

that transition.

Whereas on December 27, 2002, the Republic of Kenya successfully held presidential, parliamentary, and local elections;

Whereas these elections were widely praised by objective

international observers as free and fair;

Whereas the Department of State stated that with these elections the Kenyan people ‘‘have made a strong demonstraVerDate Mar 21 2002 13:58 Jul 01, 2003 Jkt 087574 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\AFRICA\M060403\87574 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL

87574d.AAB
17

2

•HRES 177 IH

tion of their democratic commitment and established an

important example for the region and for the world’’;

Whereas the European Union stated that ‘‘the overall conduct of the elections constitutes an example for other

countries in the region’’;

Whereas these elections signal a major step forward for Kenyan democracy, particularly when compared with other

elections held in Kenya since it became an independent

state in 1963;

Whereas the transition of power put in motion by these elections culminated on December 30, 2002, when former

President Daniel Toroitich arap Moi peaceably transferred the Kenyan presidency to President Mwai Kibaki;

and

Whereas these elections and the subsequent transfer of power

from leader to leader represent the birth of a successful

new democracy in Kenya: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

2 (1) commends the people of the Republic of

3 Kenya for conducting free and fair elections, and the

4 Government of Kenya for its successful completion

5 of a peaceful and orderly transition of power;

6 (2) expresses its desire to see this new democ7 racy in Kenya continue to thrive, as it has in the

8 months following the 2002 elections;

9 (3) urges other African countries to look to

10 Kenya as an example of a working democracy in acVerDate Mar 21 2002 13:58 Jul 01, 2003 Jkt 087574 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\AFRICA\M060403\87574 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL

87574d.AAC
18

3

•HRES 177 IH

1 tion and to follow the example set by the people of

2 Kenya during this recent election process;

3 (4) reaffirms the friendship that exists between

4 the people of the United States and people of Kenya,

5 as two nations bound together by the shared values

6 of democracy;

7 (5) offers its commitment to working to ensure

8 democracy is able to grow and flourish as Kenya

9 moves into the challenging future that lies ahead;

10 and

11 (6) commends President Mwai Kibaki and his

12 government for their commitment and concrete steps

13 taken, since taking office—

14 (A) to strengthen democracy, human rights

15 and the rule of law;

16 (B) to combat corruption;

17 (C) to provide free and universal primary

18 education;

19 (D) to fight against HIV/AIDS; and

20 (E) to support the United States in the

21 war on terrorism.

Æ


87574d.AAD
19

Mr. ROYCE. At this time I would like to recognize the Ranking 

Member of the Subcommittee, Mr. Donald Payne, for any comments and then go to Mr. Green. 

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you very much. I commend this resolution. I 

have been involved with Kenya for many, many years, wanting to 

see each election be improved. Kenya was under one party system 

for many years, and I think it was in 1997 when they went to a 

multi-party system. Two-thousand-one, this election, I think was 

the most transparent and best of the recent elections of a multiparty democracy. 

The long-serving President Moi had a lot of flaws, but I have to 

say that he kept the country together. He was able to have an accord with the United States that assisted the United States in 

many of its tough conflicts by giving our military access to any of 

their bases with very short notice or no notice at all, which in 

many instances we were able to send an aircraft to assist United 

States interests, and so I think that that is something that should 

be commended and the fact that Kenya has resisted any kind of 

civil strike during its entire independence. 

Even though there were many, many flaws, corruption alleged, 

governance was not as well as it should have been, I think that we 

need to also remember that there were positive things that have 

moved. As a matter of fact, they also supported in 1948 with Israel 

coming into the debate in the United Nations, Kenya was one of 

the few third world countries that supported the U.S. position on 

the creation of the State of Israel, so I think that as we look 

through the history, we ought to be sure to take some of the good 

things in addition to those that are not so good. 

Thank you. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Mr. Payne. 

Mr. Green? 

Mr. GREEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you for bringing this matter up today. 

Very quickly, because I do not want to replicate the eloquent 

statements of both yourself and the Ranking Member, I did have 

the privilege of going to Kenya late last year to observe the elections, and I think the elections and that experience showed me 

both the challenges, which are daunting, and the wonderful opportunities and potential in Kenya. 

The challenges were made clear. I was in Kenya 15 years ago 

doing rural development work. In those 15 years, I have seen the 

infrastructure deteriorate very substantially. The infrastructure in 

rural areas is in very poor shape indeed. There have been tremendous allegations of corruption, and certainly elections over the 

years have always been less than I think what many observers 

would have hoped for. 

Now on the positive side, these elections were by nearly everyone’s account free and fair and without violence and without widespread allegations of fraud or abuse. In the days since the election, 

we have seen President Kibaki and the ruling coalition move quickly to stamp out corruption. They have taken aggressive action, and 

they have taken also great action toward fulfilling their principal 

campaign promise of universal free primary education. 

20

I think for all of those reasons and the reasons which Mr. Payne 

has pointed out in terms of their support for United States policies, 

I think they are very deserving of our congratulations and support. 

If I can, Mr. Chairman, I will be offering an amendment, which 

I will mention just briefly. 

Mr. ROYCE. So there is an amendment before us? 

Mr. GREEN. I have an amendment at the desk. 

Mr. ROYCE. The clerk will report the amendment. 

Mr. GALVIN. Amendment offered by Mr. Green——

Mr. GREEN. Unanimous consent that it be considered as read. 

Mr. ROYCE. Without objection. 

[The amendment of Mr. Green follows:]

21

1

H.L.C.

AMENDMENT TO H. RES. 177

OFFERED BY MR. GREEN OF WISCONSIN

Page 3, strike line 11 and all that follows through

line 13 and insert the following:

1 (6) commends the Government of Kenya for its

2 commitment and concrete steps taken—


87574i.AAB
22

Mr. ROYCE. The gentleman is recognized. 

Mr. GREEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I move to strike the last 

word. 

This amendment is in response to a constructive comment made 

by your office making sure that this resolution emphasizes the fact 

that the progress that was made in these elections was not the result of merely one person. 

Very obviously, in fact, it was a coalition, a very diverse coalition, 

which at times was tenuous, and I think many have been concerned might not be able to hold together, NARC, the National 

Rainbow Coalition. 

This amendment simply emphasizes the fact that it was the entire Government of Kenya who has taken these steps. 

Mr. ROYCE. So to clarify, it would be commending the Government of Kenya? 

Mr. GREEN. Yes. 

Mr. ROYCE. All right. Any further discussion of the amendment? 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the amendment. All in favor 

say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, nay. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The amendment passes, and the Chair will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably to the 

Full Committee as amended. 

Mr. PAYNE. I so move. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably as amended. All in favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution is favorably amended. The staff is directed to make any technical and conforming amendments. 

Pursuant to notice, I call for the resolution, H. Res. 237, for purposes of markup. Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and open for amendment at any point. 

Congresswoman Lee has introduced this resolution honoring the 

life and work of the late Walter Sisulu of South Africa. Mr. Sisulu’s 

death is a loss to all, especially to those who have fought and continue to fight for freedom everywhere. Mr. Sisulu was at the forefront of the liberation struggle and fought to bring democracy and 

equality to all South Africans. 

Freedom, though, comes at a price, and Mr. Sisulu paid that 

price by serving 26 years in prison for treason against the apartheid regime. Following his release and the 1994 election of his 

friend and fellow Robin Island prison inmate, Nelson Mandela, as 

President, Sisulu declined a position in government. He believed 

that true change came at the grassroots level, and that is where 

he wanted to be. 

President Bush, in his statement on the death of Mr. Sisulu, described him as a man of great moral and strategic vision. This resolution expresses a similar sentiment, and I would now like to recogVerDate Mar 21 2002 13:58 Jul 01, 2003 Jkt 087574 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\AFRICA\M060403\87574 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL
23

nize the Ranking Member, Mr. Donald Payne, for his statement 

and then go to Congresswoman Lee of California. 

[H. Res. 237 follows:]

24

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 237

Honoring the life and work of Walter Sisulu, a critical leader in the movement

to free South Africa of apartheid, on the occasion of his death.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

MAY 15, 2003

Ms. LEE (for herself, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. PAYNE, and Mr. MEEKS of New York)

submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee

on International Relations

RESOLUTION

Honoring the life and work of Walter Sisulu, a critical leader

in the movement to free South Africa of apartheid, on

the occasion of his death.

Whereas Walter Sisulu, a critical leader in the movement to

free South Africa of apartheid, died on Monday, May 5,

2003;

Whereas Sisulu helped free both black and white people from

the bondage of segregation while driving home the concept of equality for all;

Whereas Sisulu, along with Nelson Mandela, was imprisoned

for 26 years for his role in seeking true democratic representation in South Africa;

Whereas, in 1910, the Union of South Africa established a

whites only government that limited voting rights and imVerDate Mar 21 2002 13:58 Jul 01, 2003 Jkt 087574 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 F:\WORK\AFRICA\M060403\87574 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL

87574e.AAB
25

2

•HRES 237 IH

plemented South Africa’s segregation policy, and, in

1948, the National Party won an all-white general election on a campaign promise to introduce a system of

apartheid to totally separate the races;

Whereas opposition to the apartheid system by the black majority was ruthlessly suppressed until 1994, and during

that time Sisulu fought tirelessly against this policy, sacrificing his life to free black South Africans;

Whereas, after the victory over apartheid, Sisulu did not take

a position in the new government but instead worked in

the community to advance the quality of life for the average man and woman that the former government had so

long ignored; and

Whereas Sisulu had a vision of a united and representative

government that serves the needs of all its people, and

dared to dream and worked to build such a united and

representative government: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That the House of Representatives honors

2 the life and work of Walter Sisulu, a critical leader in the

3 movement to free South Africa of apartheid, on the occa4 sion of his death.

Æ


87574e.AAC
26

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I certainly concur more 

with the remarks and with the content of this resolution. As you 

may recall, at one of our last hearings we paid tribute to Mr. 

Sisulu’s contributions at a hearing, and I think that H.Con. 237 

certainly puts it in writing, so to speak. 

Let me just say that Mr. Sisulu was, as you mentioned, one of 

the real leaders of the Robin Island trio really. There was Mr. 

Mandela, of course, and Mr. Sisulu and Mr. Mbeki. They were sort 

of the three pillars that managed the struggle for an anti-apartheid, democratic South Africa even confined to Robin Island, so it 

is certainly a loss. Even Mr. Mandela credits his success to Mr. 

Sisulu. 

Mr. Sisulu is one of the great South Africans, and we certainly 

are saddened at his death. 

I yield back, Mr. Chairman. 

Mr. ROYCE. Congresswoman Lee? 

Ms. LEE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. Let me thank you for bringing this resolution forward for this hearing and thank you for your 

support. Also, I would like to thank our Ranking Member for his 

support and for his leadership with regard to all the issues faced 

on the African continent. 

You know, this resolution pays tribute to Walter Sisulu, who, as 

we all know, was a great human being. Many of us had the privilege to meet Mr. Sisulu on several occasions, and I personally, 

when I first met him, was struck by his humility, his quiet 

strength, his intellect and his sense of justice. 

He also, might I remind you, was the father-in-law of former Ambassador Sheila Sisulu, who served her country here in America for 

many years with great distinction and great honor as an effective 

Ambassador. 

As Nelson Mandela said at Mr. Sisulu’s memorial service, he 

called him the people’s servant. Walter Sisulu helped free both 

black and white from the bondage of segregation, while really driving home the concept of equality for all, and he, along with Nelson 

Mandela, as Mr. Payne mentioned, was imprisoned at Robin Island 

for 26 years—26 years—for his role in seeking true democratic representation. 

In 1910, the Union of South Africa established a white only government that limited voting rights. It implemented South Africa’s 

segregation policy then. In 1948, the National Party won an allwhite general election on a campaign promise to introduce a system of apartheid to totally separate the races. Opposition to the 

apartheid system by the black majority was ruthlessly suppressed, 

and a system based on white supremacy remained until 1994. 

Walter Sisulu fought tirelessly against the policy of apartheid, 

sacrificing his life to free black South Africans and to demonstrate 

the powers of representative democracy. In the word of Nelson 

Mandela, he was blessed with that quality that always saw the 

good in others, and, therefore, he was able to bring out the goodness. He had an inexhaustible capacity to listen to others, and, 

therefore, he was able to encourage others to explore ideas. 

In closing, the Administration, Chairman Royce, our Ranking 

Member and others have applauded Walter Sisulu’s vision of a 

united and representative government that serves the needs of all 

27

people. That vision really does remain a model for all of us, and 

for that he commands and deserves our respect. 

I thank my colleagues for their support for this resolution, and 

I hope it is quickly brought to the Floor. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Congresswoman Lee. 

Congressman Houghton? 

Mr. HOUGHTON. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I would 

like to thank you and Mr. Payne and Mrs. Lee for their comments. 

John Lewis and I had the opportunity about a week ago of visiting Mrs. Sisulu in her home. As you know, Albertina was an 

equal partner in the great contribution that he made, so I just 

wanted to report to you that she was well, and the spirit of her and 

her husband remains very, very strong. 

Thank you very much. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you. Our thoughts also go to Sheila Sisulu. 

Mr. HOUGHTON. Yes. 

Mr. ROYCE. Any other comments by any of the Members of the 

Committee? 

Mr. Meeks? 

Mr. MEEKS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I just wanted to add that 

when you look at the contributions during the life of Mr. Sisulu, 

it reminds me of one of our own, Dr. King here. Mr. Sisulu lived 

that life, and that is injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. 

What Mr. Sisulu’s life was all about was creating justice for 

those irrespective of color, as Dr. King’s fight was here so that we 

could free people and make sure that we had a true democracy. 

Although often times when you think of the 26 years of incarceration the first name that comes to your mind is Mr. Mandela, but, 

as he clearly indicated, they are partners, just as here in America 

we think of Dr. King, but we know our own John Lewis, who was 

here in Congress with us, and Whitney Young and many others 

were partners with Dr. King. They were partners, and they together caused the world to change. 

I think that Mr. Sisulu’s legacy is indeed a positive one that will 

be recorded by history as a world changing event, and certainly I 

thank the gentlelady from California for bringing this most admirable resolution to this Committee and surely support it. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Mr. Meeks. 

Any other comments? 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The Chair will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably to the Full Committee. 

Mr. HOUGHTON. I so move. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably. All in favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution is reported favorably. The staff is directed to make any technical and 

conforming amendments. 

We now go to the last bill in our markup today. Pursuant to notice, I call up the resolution, H. Res. 194, for purposes of markup. 

28

Without objection, the resolution will be considered as read and 

open for amendment at any point. 

I commend the work of Representative Payne and others for raising the issue of slavery and human rights abuses in Sudan. This 

resolution states that human rights abuses and slavery in Sudan 

remain a matter of the most profound concern. 

Unfortunately, since the resolution was introduced the U.N. 

Commission on Human Rights decided not to renew Sudan’s status 

as an Item 9 country, which ended the appointment of the Special 

Rapporteur to Sudan, who had done valuable human rights reporting. As a result, I intend to introduce an amendment updating the 

resolution by expressing disappointment in this woeful decision. 

[H. Res. 194 follows:]

29

1

IV

108TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION H. RES. 194

Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish slavery and

other human rights abuses in the Sudan.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

APRIL 10, 2003

Mr. CAPUANO (for himself, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. WOLF, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr.

FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, and

Mr. WEXLER) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to

the Committee on International Relations

RESOLUTION

Regarding the importance of international efforts to abolish

slavery and other human rights abuses in the Sudan.

Whereas the efforts of the government of Khartoum to subjugate the peoples of the southern Sudan have led to the

death of more than 2,000,000 persons and the displacement of another 4,000,000 persons;

Whereas the 2001 State Department Country Report on

Human Rights estimates that between 5,000 and 15,000

Dinka women and children have been abducted during

the past 15 years, and that between 10,000 and 12,000

persons remain in captivity;


87574f.AAB
30

2

•HRES 194 IH

Whereas credible observers report that some of the abductees

were sold into slavery and others used as forced labor or

drafted into the military, including children;

Whereas the 2002 State Department Country Report on

Human Rights notes that persons held in government

controlled ‘‘Peace’’ camps for internally displaced persons

were reportedly subjected to forced labor;

Whereas the Special Rapporteur for Sudan to the General

Assembly of the United Nations concluded, on November

4, 2002, that the dire human rights situation in Sudan

had not significantly changed;

Whereas the United States Civilian Protection Monitoring

Team (CPMT) reported in February 2003 that militia allied with the Government of Sudan and supported directly by Government of Sudan troops continued to

abduct civilians in the western Upper Nile region of

Sudan;

Whereas subsequent to the February 2003 report of the Civilian Protection Monitoring Team, the Government of

Sudan has restricted the movements of the CPMT and

prevented it from carrying out its mandate;

Whereas the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights declares ‘‘[n]o one shall be held in slavery or servitude:

slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their

forms’’;

Whereas numerous human rights organizations, including

Christian Solidarity International, the Center for Religious Freedom of Freedom House, and the American

Anti-Slavery Group have demanded an end to slavery in


87574f.AAC
31

3

•HRES 194 IH

all its forms and, in particular, to the abuses practiced

by the Government of Sudan;

Whereas the National Association for the Advancement of

Colored People adopted, in May 1995, a Resolution to

Combat Modern Day Slavery stating that slavery in

Sudan was an ‘‘irrefutable fact, corroborated by numerous sources,’’ and pledging that ‘‘we will not rest until

these slaves are freed’’;

Whereas the House of Representatives has repeatedly decried

human rights abuses in Sudan and called for the abolition of the slave trade and of chattel slavery in Sudan;

Whereas the House of Representatives committed itself to

practical measures to suppress the slave trade and chattel slavery in the Sudan by the passage, by a vote of

359–8, in the 107th Congress of H.R. 5531, the ‘‘Sudan

Peace Act’’, and the Senate passed a similar measure, S.

180, unanimously;

Whereas the United Nations Commission on Human Rights

is now conducting its 59th session in Geneva from March

17 through April 25, 2003;

Whereas the United States rejoined the United Nations Commission on Human Rights having been elected to a threeterm beginning in 2003;

Whereas the head of the United States delegation to the

United Nations Commission on Human rights,

Ambassaador Jeane Kirkpatrick, declared in her opening

address that ‘‘[t]he Commission has the solemn duty to

speak for those who are denied the right to speak for

themselves’’;

Whereas Human Rights Watch and many other concerned

persons and organizations have called upon the United


87574f.AAD
32

4

•HRES 194 IH

Nations Commission on Human Rights to renew the

mandate of the Special Rapporteur on human rights for

Sudan, and to condemn gross abuses of human rights

and violations of international humanitarian law by the

Sudanese Government and rebel Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) forces; and

Whereas the current session of United Nations Commission

on Human Rights will be discussing whether to change

the status of Sudan from ‘‘Item 9’’, country with grave

human rights problems justifying the appointment of a

Special Rapporteur to investigate abuses and to report on

them, to a lesser level of concern: Now, therefore, be it

1 Resolved, That is the sense of the House of Rep2 resentatives that—

3 (1) slavery, under any circumstances, is an un4 conscionable practice;

5 (2) the subjection inherent in slavery inevitably

6 leads to other abuses, including torture and rape;

7 (3) human rights abuses and slavery in Sudan

8 remain a matter of the most profound concern;

9 (4) the United States must resist attempts to

10 ignore or condone these outrages;

11 (5) the United States must support the mainte12 nance, by the United Nations Commission on

13 Human Rights, of Sudan as an ‘‘Item 9’’ country,

14 requiring a Special Rapporteur; and

15 (6) the United States should encourage the

16 United Nations to consider reinstating sanctions


87574f.AAE
33

5

•HRES 194 IH

1 against Sudan and urge the European Union, the

2 African Union, and all others who express concern

3 for human freedom and dignity to be engaged in ac4 tivities that will convince Sudan to abolish slavery

5 and respect human rights.

Æ


87574f.AAF
34

I will now turn to Mr. Payne to speak on this bill. 

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman. I would like 

to commend you for the support that you have given this situation 

as Chairman of the Subcommittee. Without your attention, I do not 

think we would be as far along as we are. 

Beyond the wrongful death of more than 2,000,000 people and 

displacement of some 400,000 others, the National Islamic Front 

Government of Sudan is responsible for the heinous crimes and 

human rights abuses. This government is guilty of targeting civilians and civilian areas for bombing, including schools and churches. 

Relief areas about a year ago got fired on, assault type helicopters fired on lines of people waiting for food assistance. There 

were over 40 people who were killed just because they were trying 

to get some food to feed their families. There have been many, 

many civilian casualties in that bad situation. 

That there is modern day slavery in parts of the world is unthinkable in the 21st century. Whether it be in Mauritania or 

Sudan, slavery is simply unequivocally wrong, and yet between 

5,000 and 15,000 women and children, mostly Dinka from the 

south of Sudan, have been abducted and forced into labor during 

the last 15 years. This is totally unacceptable. 

While the peace process in Sudan is progressing along at an encouraging rate, and we appreciate the work of Senator Danforth as 

a Special Envoy, we believe that there is some progress and both 

sides are still negotiating. The treatment of human beings abuses 

have not disappeared. In fact, in November 2002 the U.N. Special 

Rapporteur to Sudan stated that the human rights situation had 

not changed significantly. 

Even as late as February of this year, the Civilian Protection 

Monitoring Team reported that abduction in Upper Nile region was 

still taking place and that this was perpetrated by militia funded 

and supported by the NIF Government of Sudan. 

As has been indicated, the U.N. did change the status of Sudan 

with the 26 to 24 vote with three abstentions, changing the human 

rights status from an Item 9 country. I will certainly support the 

resolution by the Chairman expressing our problem with that vote. 

That vote sends the wrong message. It sends a message that slavery should be condoned. 

We feel that human rights of all citizens are of the utmost concern, and we certainly support that justice should prevail. With 

that, I urge my colleagues to support the resolution. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Mr. Payne. 

I have an amendment at the desk which has been suggested by 

the bill’s sponsor. I will ask the clerk to read that amendment. 

Mr. GALVIN. Amendment offered by Mr. Royce. In the seventh 

clause of the preamble, strike ‘‘has restricted’’ and insert ‘‘restricted.’’ In the third——

Mr. ROYCE. Without objection, the amendment will be considered 

as read. 

[The amendment of Mr. Royce follows:]

35

1

H.L.C.

AMENDMENT TO H. RES. 194

OFFERED BY MR. ROYCE

In the 7th clause of the preamble, strike ‘‘has restricted’’ and insert ‘‘restricted’’.

In the 13th clause of the preamble, strike ‘‘is now

conducting’’ and insert ‘‘conducted’’.

Strike the 14th clause of the preamble.

Amend the last clause of the preamble to read as

follows:

Whereas the United Nations Commission on Human

Rights, by a vote of 26 to 24 with 3 abstentions, refused to classify Sudan as an ‘‘Item 9’’ country, one

in which grave human rights problems justify the appointment of a Special Rapporteur to investigate

abuses and to report on them: Now, therefore, be it

Page 4, line 9, strike ‘‘resist’’ and insert ‘‘condemn’’.

Page 4, strike line 11 and all that follows through

line 14 and insert the following:

1 (5) the United States must make clear to all

2 members of the United Nations Commission on

3 Human Rights that the refusal to condemn slavery


87574h.AAB
36

2

H.L.C.

1 in Sudan undermines any moral authority that the

2 Commission might seek to exert in other areas;

Page 4, strike line 15 and all that follows through

line 5 on page 5 and insert the following:

3 (6) the United States must work to re-classify

4 Sudan as an ‘‘Item 9’’ country, requiring a Special

5 Rapporteur at the next session of the United Na6 tions Commission on Human Rights; and

Page 5, after line 5, add the following:

7 (7) the United States should encourage the

8 United Nations to consider reinstating sanctions

9 against Sudan and should urge the European Union,

10 the African Union, and all others who express con11 cern for human freedom and dignity to be engaged

12 in activities that will convince Sudan to abolish slav13 ery and respect human rights.


87574h.AAC
37

Mr. ROYCE. By way of explanation, this amendment modifies the 

resolution to reflect the recent vote by the U.N. Commission on 

Human Rights and to say that the United States should work to 

reclassify Sudan as an Item 9 country. 

Is there discussion on the amendment? Mr. Tancredo? 

Mr. TANCREDO. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I certainly want to 

support the amendment and thank you for offering it. 

I was concerned even earlier when in response to the Sudan 

Peace Act, the Administration indicated that they believed that 

enough progress had been made on both sides in the Civil War. 

Sudan is acceptable in terms of again the progress that had been 

made. I do not think enough progress had been made, and I am 

certainly quite concerned about this vote. 

This is something, you know, moving into this category, a vote 

to do so in the U.N. does really nothing to advance the cause of 

peace in the region because it, in a way, rewards the Government 

in Khartoum for inaction in moving quickly enough to accomplish 

the goals that were set out by the Peace Act, and it also rewards 

them for the wrong action, the actions that have been taken and 

identified here already by other Members in terms of the egregious 

violation of human rights that still goes on in Sudan. 

I just want to say I commend you, Mr. Chairman, for the amendment and sponsors of the resolution for their action here. 

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Mr. Tancredo. 

Any other discussion? 

Mr. PAYNE. Yes, Mr. Chairman. Let me indicate my support for 

the amendment. 

I would also like to commend Mr. Tancredo for the support that 

he and Mr. Wolf have given throughout the years on Sudan. Many 

of us may not recall, but I think for the first time we raised some 

eyebrows around both Houses, the Administration and in Sudan 

when the House passed the capital markets sanction. I do not know 

if many of us will forget that, but we——

Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Tancredo will not. 

Mr. TANCREDO. I am not too sure many people remembered it 

happened or actually knew it happened when it did. 

Mr. PAYNE. That is right. What that meant, for those of you who 

are not familiar with it, it simply meant that oil companies that 

need an awful lot of infusion of cash from Wall Street could not 

borrow from Wall Street to move forward with their oil exploration. 

It kind of shook the whole—I do not think the Africa Subcommittee ever had a comment from Greenspan until we passed 

that resolution. Eyebrows went up, and Sudan became a country 

that more people have some concerns about. 

Much of the progress that has gone on has not always been because this government has a change of heart, but sometimes when 

you start talking about hurting people in the pocketbook the way 

that they have hurt people in the south, or we talked about hurting 

those companies that were continuing, a Canadian company that 

already had sold its shares. I forgot the name of it. What was the 

name of that company? 

Mr. TANCREDO. Talisman. 

38

Mr. PAYNE. Talisman. Do you remember Talisman? Sure. We 

were starting to get based on a divestment any kind of a state fund 

in companies that did business in Sudan. 

We have to fight these injustices on many fronts, and I want to 

again commend the Committee that stood behind those capital 

market sanctions. They did not go into effect, but we are seeing 

many of the things that we were attempting to do. 

We have a long way to go, and we need to keep the pressure on 

and review carefully and keep the pressure on the Administration. 

In 6 months when the report comes up that we make sure that it 

is being evaluated properly so that we can have the truth and keep 

the pressure on the Sudan Government. 

Mr. ROYCE. Would the gentleman yield? 

Mr. PAYNE. Yes. 

Mr. ROYCE. Would the gentleman concur that should progress 

not be made in Sudan that having passed capital market sanctions 

once that this Committee, this Subcommittee and this House will 

probably pass it the second time and include with it a campaign 

of divestment and a campaign to try to reinstate sanctions against 

Sudan in the international community? 

Mr. PAYNE. I would be very pleased for us to take a look at the 

next report and then move in that direction. 

Mr. ROYCE. I think that is the feeling of this Committee, and I 

am very hopeful that this particular piece of legislation that we are 

passing today reinforces the message that progress must continue. 

Should it not, there will be serious consequences, and this House 

will move back toward its position on capital market sanctions. 

Mr. PAYNE. Thank you. 

Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Flake? 

Mr. FLAKE. I want to commend the work of Mr. Payne and Mr. 

Tancredo on this issue. They have really stayed at it and have been 

determined. I appreciate that. 

I just wanted to note for the record that one of the eyebrows that 

was raised after the capital market sanctions was mine, and it remains raised. I do have concerns about that for that purpose. I was 

one of the two and maybe one of the eight I guess who did vote 

against it. 

If we could limit it to Sudan it might be one thing, but I fear 

that, as has been the case often in Africa, we have imposed sanctions and moved on not realizing what vestiges remain sometimes, 

in particular for small countries. 

For that reason I oppose it, but I certainly admire the work and 

agree with your assessment of the situation there. 

Mr. ROYCE. Just in responding, we are all purists on some issues, 

and I was on this one up until our patience were tried beyond endurance by the human rights abuses in Sudan. 

Like you, I really hope that we can do this without capital market sanctions, but should it come to it I think the Congress has 

telegraphed its feeling about this once, and I think we are absolutely committed to making certain that this peace process holds. 

I again thank the gentleman for bringing his bill before us today. 

I think we——

39

Mr. PAYNE. Would the gentleman yield? On the problem of 

changing law once it has gone into effect and all of the criteria 

have been satisfied, I was kind of putting the cart before the horse. 

I do believe that even with South Africa with its sanctions, it did 

take time for the sanctions to be taken off and go back to individual states. However, had the sanctions not been imposed I think 

that the whole question of coming to a non-racial, democratic, new 

South Africa would have been delayed many, many years in the future. 

It did take time to get some of the state sanctions off. However, 

had they not been put on originally perhaps we still would have 

had an apartheid government, so I would say that getting these off 

after they have been imposed is or can be a problem. 

However, I think that if we do nothing, as we saw when we 

passed it, it lit up the Congress. It lit up the Administration. It lit 

up Wall Street. They started to push more. They started to talk. 

They started to take it seriously. 

We will cross that bridge when we come to it, but I do want to 

thank the Chairman for his strong support and Mr. Tancredo and 

Mr. Wolf and others who have been there. I know in your heart you 

know we are right. We will work on that. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the amendment. All those in 

favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, nay. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The amendment passes, and the Chair will now entertain a motion that the resolution be reported favorably to the 

Full Committee as amended. 

Mr. HOUGHTON. I move it. 

Mr. ROYCE. The question occurs on the motion to report the resolution favorably as amended. All in favor say aye. 

[Chorus of ayes.] 

Mr. ROYCE. All opposed, no. 

[No response.] 

Mr. ROYCE. The motion is approved, and the resolution is reported favorably. 

Lastly, without objection, the resolution will be reported favorably to the Full Committee in the form of a single amendment in 

the nature of a substitute incorporating the amendments adopted 

here today. Without objection, the staff is directed to make any 

technical and conforming amendments. 

Our Subcommittee stands adjourned. 

[Whereupon, at 2:50 p.m. the Subcommittee was adjourned.]

Æ