UNITEDSTATESENVIRONMENTALPROTECTIONAGENCYREGIONIII1650ArchStreetPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania19103DATE:DEC112009SUBJECT:TechnicalSupportDocument-Maryland;2002BaseYearEmissionsInventory,ReasonableFurtherProgressPlan,ContingencyMeasures,ReasonablyAvailableControlMeasures,andTransportationConformityBudgetsfortheBaltimore19978-HourOzoneModerateNonattainmentAreaFROM:MariaA.Pino,AirQualityPlanningSpecialist)9’?V-c2bztOfficeofAirProgramPlanningTO:FileTHRU:CristinaFernandez,AssociateDirectorOfficeofAirProgramPlanningThisdocumentprovidesatechnicalreviewofarevisiontotheMarylandStateImplementationPlan(SIP)submittedbytheMarylandDepartmentoftheEnvironment(MDE)onJune4,2007toaddressemissionsinventory,reasonablefurtherprogress(RFP),reasonablyavailablecontrolmeasures(RACM)analysis,andcontingencymeasurerequirementsunderthe19978-hourozonenationalambientairqualitystandard(NAAQS)fortheBaltimoremoderatenonattainmentarea.TheSIPrevisionalsoestablishesamotorvehicleemissionsbudget(MVEB)for2008fortheBaltimoremoderatenonattainmentarea.Maryland’sSIPrevisionsubmittal,entitled“BaltimoreNonattainmentArea8-HourOzoneStateImplementationPlanandBaseYearInventory,SIPNumber07-04,”willbereferredtoas“theBaltimore8-hourozoneplan”throughoutthisdocument.A.BACKGROUNDI.GeneralRequirementsSection182oftheCleanAirAct(CAA)andtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency’s(EPA’s)19978-hourozoneregulations(40CFR51.910)requireeachmoderateandabove8-hourozonenonattainmentareatosubmitanemissionsinventoryandRFPSIPrevisionthatdescribeshowtheareawillachieveactualemissionsreductionsofvolatileorganiccompounds(VOC)andnitrogenoxides(NOx)fromabaselineemissionsinventory.Anemissionsinventoryisanestimationofactualemissionsofairpollutantsinanarea.TheemissionsinventoryforanozonenonattainmentareacontainsVOCandNOxemissions,whichareprecursorstoozoneformation.Inthiscase,a“baseline”emissionsinventoryisrequiredfortheyear2002.Pursuanttosection172(c)(1)oftheCAA,statesarerequiredtosubmitplansfornonattainmentareasthatprovidefortheimplementofallreasonablyavailablecontrolmeasures(RACM)asexpeditiouslyaspracticable.Specifically,section172(c)(l)statesthefollowing:“Suchplanprovisionsshallprovidefortheimplementationofallreasonablyavailablecontrolmeasuresasexpeditiouslyaspracticable(includingsuchreductionsinemissionsfromexistingsourcesintheareaasmaybeobtainedthroughtheadoption,ataminimum,ofreasonablyavailablecontroltechnology)andshallprovideforattainmentofthenationalprimaryambientairqualitystandards.”ControlmeasuresthatwouldadvancetheattainmentdateareconsideredRACMandmustbeincludedintheSIP.RACMarenecessarytoensurethattheattainmentdateisachieved“asexpeditiousaspracticable.”Phase1ofthe8-hourozoneimplementationrule,publishedonApril30,2004(69FR23951),setoutcriteriaforclassifyingnonattainmentareasunderthe19978-hourozonestandard.ThePhase1rulealsoaddressedrevocationofthe1-hourNAAQS;howanti-backslidingprincipleswillensurecontinuedprogresstowardattainmentofthe8-hourozoneNAAQS;attainmentdates;andthetimingofemissionsreductionsneededforattainment.OnNovember29,2005,EPApublishedthePhase2finalruleforimplementationofthe8-hourstandard.ThePhase2ruleaddressedtheRFPcontrolandplanningobligationsastheyapplytoareasdesignatednonattainmentforthe19978-hourozoneNAAQS(70FR71612).ThePhase2finalrulewasrevisedonJune8,2007(72FR31727).Amongotherthings,thePhase1and2rulesoutlinetheSIPrequirementsanddeadlinesforvariousrequirementsinareasdesignatedasmoderatenonattainment.TherulessetaduedateofJune15,2007fortherequiredbaseyearemissioninventory,RFPplan,modelingandattainmentdemonstration,RACM,MVEB,andcontingencymeasures(40CFR51.908(a),(c)).Section182(b)(1)oftheCAAandEPA’s19978-hourozoneimplementationrule(40CFR51.910)requireeach8-hourozonenonattainmentareadesignatedmoderateandabovetosubmitforreviewandapprovalintoitsSIPanemissionsinventoryandRFPplanthatdescribeshowtheareawillachieveactualemissionsreductionsofVOCandNOxfromabaselineemissionsinventory.Foramoderate8-hourozonenonattainmentareawithanattainmentdatemorethan5yearsafterdesignation,a15percentRFPreductioninozoneprecursoremissionsisrequiredwithin6years(2002-2008).Foramoderateareawithanapproved15percentrate-ofprogress(ROP)planunderthe1-hourstandard,statescanusereductionsfromVOCorNOxoracombinationofeither.ForamoderateareawithoutandapprovedROPplan,a15%reductioninVOCisrequired.Thereductionsmaycomefromanywherewithinthe8-hournonattainmentarea.Table1outlinestheserequirements.Table1.RFPRequirementsforModerate8-HourOzoneNonattainmentAreaswithAttainmentDatesMorethan5YearsafterDesignationAreaRequirement40CFRReferenceWithapproved15%15%VOCand/orNOxreductions51.910(a)(l)(iii)(B)(2)&VOCROPplan(2002—2008)51.910(b)(2)(b)(ii)Withoutapproved15%VOCreductions(2002-2008).51.910(a)(1)(iii)(B)(1)15%VOCROPplanThereductionsmaycomefromanywherewithinthe8-hournonattainmentarea.2Inaddition,RFPplansmustincludecontingencymeasures,whichareadditionalcontrolsthatwouldbeimplementediftheareafailstomakereasonablefurtherprogress.CAAsection172(c)(9).Implementationofthesemeasureswouldprovideadditionalemissionsreductionsofupto3percentoftheadjustedbaseyearinventory(orlesserpercentagethatwillmakeuptheidentifiedshortfall).RFPplansmustalsoincludeaMVEB,whichistheallowableon-roadmobileemissionanareacanproduceandcontinuetodemonstrateRFP.See40CFR93.II.TheBaltimoreAreaIn1997,EPArevisedthehealth-basedNAAQSforozone,settingitat0.08partspermillion(ppm)averagedoveran8-hourtimeframe.EPAsetthe8-hourozonestandardbasedonscientificevidencedemonstratingthatozonecausesadversehealtheffectsatlowerozoneconcentrationsandoverlongerperiodsoftime,thanwasunderstoodwhenthepre-existing1-hourozonestandardwasset.EPAdeterminedthatthe8-hourstandardwouldbemoreprotectiveofhumanhealth,especiallychildrenandadultswhoareactiveoutdoors,andindividualswithapre-existingrespiratorydisease,suchasasthma.OnApril30,2004(69FR23951),EPAfinalizeditsattainment/nonattainmentdesignationsforareasacrossthecountrywithrespecttothe8-hourozonestandard.TheseactionsbecameeffectiveonJune15,2004.AmongthosenonattainmentareasistheBaltimore,Marylandmoderatenonattainmentarea(NAA).ThisNAAincludesBaltimoreCityandAnneArundel,Baltimore,Carroll,Harford,andHowardCounties,allinMaryland.PursuanttoPhase1ofthe8-hourozoneimplementationrule,anareawasclassifiedunderSubpart2oftheCAAbasedonits8-hourdesignvalueifthatareahada1-hourdesignvalueatorabove0.121ppm(thelowest1-hourdesignvalueinTable1ofSubpart2).Basedonthiscriterion,theBaltimoreNAAwasclassifiedunderSubpart2asmoderatenonattainmentareas.B.EVALUATIONOFSTATESUBMITTALI.BaseYearEmissionsInventoryAnemissionsinventoryisacomprehensive,accurate,andcurrentinventoryofactualemissionsfromallsources.Theemissionsinventoryisrequiredbysection172(c)(3)oftheCAA.Forozonenonattainmentareas,theemissionsinventoryneedstocontainVOCandNOxemissionsbecausethesepollutantsareprecursorsofozone.EPArecommended2002asthebaseyearemissionsinventory,andisthereforethestartingpointforcalculatingRFP.Marylandsubmittedits2002baseyearemissionsinventoryfortheBaltimoreNAAonJune4,2007.AsummaryoftheBaltimoreNAA2002baseyearVOCandNOxemissionsinventoryisincludedinTable2,below.3Table2.BaltimoreNAA2002BaseYearVOC&NOxEmissionsinTonsperDay(tpd)EmissionSourceCategoryVOCNOxPoint13.88111.88StationaryArea116.818.18Non-RoadMobile70.2240.96On-RoadMobile70.57177.06Total(excludingBiogenics)271.48338.08Biogenics223.200Marylanddiscussesits2002baseyearinventoryfortheBaltimoreNAAinSection3.0oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.AppendixAoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplancontainsMaryland’s2002baseyearinventoryfortheBaltimoreNAA.EPARegion3’sAirQualityAnalysisBranch(AQAB)reviewedMaryland’s2002baseyearinventoryfortheBaltimoreNAAusingtheappropriateEPApolicyandguidance.Pleaseseetheattached“TechnicalSupportDocument(TSD)fortheBaltimoreNonattainmentArea:8HourOzoneStateImplementationPlan(SIP)AttainmentDemonstrationandBaseYearInventory,”preparedbyAliceH.ChowandsignedbyWalterWilkie,AirQualityAnalysisBranchChief,onDecember19,2008(BaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD).AsdiscussedindetailintheBaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD,Maryland’sprocedures,methodologies,andresultfortheBaltimoreNAA2002baseyearinventoryareapprovable.II.AdjustedBaseYearInventory,2008RFPTargetLevelsTheprocessfordeterminingtheemissionsbaselinefromwhichtheRFPreductionsarecalculatedisdescribedinsection182(b)(1)oftheCAAand40CFR51.910.Thisbaselinevaluehasbeendeterminedtobethe2002adjustedbaseyearinventory.Sections182(b)(1)(B)and(D)requiretheexclusionfromthebaseyearinventoryofemissionsbenefitsresultingfromtheFederalMotorVehicleControlProgram(FMVCP)regulationspromulgatedbyJanuary1,1990andtheReidVaporPressure(RVP)regulationspromulgatedJune11,1990(55FR23666).TheFMVCPandRVPemissionsreductionsaredeterminedbythestateusingEPA’son-roadmobilesourceemissionsmodelingsoftware,MOBILE6.TheFMVCPandRVPemissionreductionsarethenremovedfromthebaseyearinventorybythestate,resultinginanadjustedbaseyearinventory.TheemissionreductionsneededtosatisfytheRFPrequirementarethencalculatedfromtheadjustedbaseyearinventory.ThesereductionsarethensubtractedfromtheadjustedbaseyearinventorytoestablishtheemissionstargetfortheRFPmilestoneyear(2008).FormoderateareasliketheBaltimoreNAA,theCAAspecifiesa15percentreductioninozoneprecursoremissionsoveraninitial6-yearperiod.InthePhase2Rule(70FR71612),EPAinterpretedthisrequirementforareasthatwerealsodesignatednonattainmentandclassifiedasmoderateorhigherforthe1-hourozonestandard.InthePhase2Rule,EPAprovidedthatanareaclassifiedasmoderateorhigherthathasthesameboundariesasanarea,orisentirelycomposedofseveralareasorportionsofareas,forwhichEPAfullyapproveda15percentplanforthe1-hourNAAQS,isconsideredtohavemettherequirementsofsection182(b)(1)oftheCAAforthe8-hourNAAQS.Inthissituation,amoderatenonattainmentareaissubjecttoRFPundersection172(c)(2)oftheCAAandshallsubmit,nolaterthan3yearsafterdesignationfor4the8-hourNAAQS,aSIPrevisionthatmeetstherequirementsof40CFR51.910(b)(2).TheRFPSIPrevisionmustprovidefora15percentemissionreduction(eitherNOxand/orVOC)accountingforanygrowththatoccursduringthe6-yearperiodfollowingthebaselineemissionsinventoryyear,thatis,2002-2008.TheBaltimoreozonenonattainmentareaunderthe1-hourozonestandardhadthesameboundaryastheBaltimoreNAAunderthe19978-hourozonestandard.TheBaltimorenonattainmentareaunderthe1-hourozonestandardwasclassifiedassevere.OnJuly12,1995,Marylandsubmitteda15%PlanSIPrevisionfortheBaltimorenonattainmentarea.OnFebruary2,2000,EPAapprovedMaryland’s15%planfortheBaltimoresevereozonenonattainmentarea(65FR5252).Therefore,accordingtothePhase2Rule,theRFPplanfortheBaltimoreNAAmayuseeitherNOxorVOCemissionsreductions(orboth)toachievethe15percentemissionreductionrequirement.Accordingtosection182(b)(1)(D)oftheCAA,emissionreductionsthatresultedfromtheFMVCPandRVPrulespromulgatedpriorto1990arenotcreditableforachievingRFPemissionreductions.Therefore,the2002baseyearinventorymustbeadjustedbysubtractingtheVOCandNOxemissionreductionsthatareexpectedtooccurbetween2002andthefuturemilestoneyearsduetotheFMVCPandRVPrules.Theadjustmentsarecalculatedinthefollowingmanner:A)EstimatetheactualanthropogenicbaseyearinventoryforbothVOCandNOxin2002withall2002controlprogramsinplace.B)Usingthesamehighwayvehicleactivityinputsusedtocalculatetheactual2002inventory,runtheappropriatemotorvehicleemissionsmodelfor2002andfor2008withallpost-1990CAAmeasuresturnedoff.Anyotherlocalinputsforvehicleinspectionandmaintenance(I/M)programsshouldbesetaccordingtotheprogramthatwasrequiredtobeinplacein1990.FuelRVPshouldbesetat9.0or7.8dependingontheRVPrequiredinthelocalareaasaresultoffuelRVPregulationspromulgatedinJune1990.C)Calculatethedifferencebetween2002and2008VOCemissionsfactorscalculatedinStepBandmultiplyby2002VMT.TheresultistheVOCemissionsreductionsthatwilloccurbetween2002and2008withoutthebenefitsofanypost-1990CAAmeasures.Thesearethenon-creditableVOCreductionsthatoccuroverthisperiod.Calculatethedifferencebetween2002and2008NOxemissionsfactorscalculatedinStepBandmultiplyby2002VMT.ThisresultistheNOxemissionsreductionsthatwilloccurbetween2002and2008withoutthebenefitsofanypost-1990CAAmeasures.Thesearethenon-creditableNOxreductionsthatoccuroverthisperiod.D)Subtractthenon-creditableVOCreductionscalculatedinStepCfromtheactualanthropogenic2002VOCinventoryestimatedinStepA.Subtractthenon-creditableNOxreductionscalculatedinStepCfromtheactualanthropogenic2002NOxinventoryestimatedinStepA.TheseadjustedVOCandNOxinventoriesarethebasisforcalculatingthetargetlevelofemissionsin2008.5E)ThetargetlevelofVOCandNOxemissionsin2008neededtomeetthe2008ROPrequirementisanycombinationofVOCandNOxreductionsfromtheadjustedinventoriescalculatedinStepDthattotal18percent.Forexample,thetargetlevelofVOCemissionsin2008couldbea10percentreductionfromtheadjusted.Marylandsetsoutitscalculationsfortheadjustedbaseyearinventoryand2008RFPtargetlevelsinSection5oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.A)TheBaltimoreNAA2002anthropogenicbaseyearinventoryisfoundinTable5-1oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan,andissummarizedinTable3,below.Table3.BaltimoreNAA2002AnthropogenicBaseYearInventory(OzoneSeasontpd)SourceCategoryVOCNOxPoint13.88111.88Area116.818.18Non-Road70.2240.96On-Road70.57177.06Total271.48338.08B&C)Marylandcalculatedthenon-creditableemissionreductionsbetween2002and2008bymodelingits2002and2008motorvehicleemissionswithallpost-1990CAAmeasuresturnedoff,andcalculatingthedifference.SeeTables5-2and5-3oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Thenon-creditablereductionsarecalculatedinTable4,belowTable4.BaltimoreNAANon-CreditableEmissionReductions(OzoneSeasontnd)SourceCategoryVOCNOx(i)2002On-Road101.876211.145(ii)2008On-Road92.778188.541Non-creditable9102260Reductions(i)—(ii)D&E)Maryland’scalculationsoftheBaltimoreNAA2002VOCandNOxinventoriesadjustedrelativeto2008andVOCandNOxtargetlevelsfor2008arefoundinTable5-4andAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan,andaresummarizedinTable5,below.Table5.BaltimoreNAA2008RFPTargetLevelCalculations(OzoneSeasont)d)DescriptionFormulaVOCNOxA2002Rate-OfProgressBaseYearInventory271.48338.08BFMVCP/RVPReductionsBetween2002And20089.1022.60C2002AdjustedBaseYearInventoryRelativeTo2008A-B262.38315.48DRFPRatio0.08000.0700EEmissionsReductionsRequiredBetween2002&2008C*D20.9922.08FTargetLevelfor2008C-E241.39293.406III.ProjectedInventoriesandDeterminationofRFPMarylanddescribesitsmethodsusedfordevelopingits2008projectedVOCandNOxinventoriesinSection4.0andAppendixBoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Projecteduncontrolledandcontrolled2008VOCandNOxemissionsarefoundinAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.EPARegion3’sAQABreviewedtheproceduresMarylandusedtodevelopitsprojectedinventoriesandfoundthemtobereasonable.PleaseseetheattachedBaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD.Projectedcontrolled2008emissionsfortheBaltimoreNAAaresummarizedinTable4-3oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.ThedatafromTable4-3ispresentedinTable6,below.Table6.BaltimoreNAA2008ProjectedControlledVOC&NOxEmissions(tpd)EmissionSourceVOCEmissionsNOxEmissionsCategory(tpd)(tpd)Point15.63122.64Area108.178.43Non-road54.2139.60Mobile41.23106.84Total219.25277.50Todetermineif2008RFPismetintheBaltimoreNAA,thetotalprojectedcontrolledemissionsmustbecomparedtothetargetlevelscalculatedintheprevioussectionofthisdocument.AsshownbelowinTable7,thetotalVOCandNOxemissionprojectionsmeetthe2008emissiontargets.Therefore,the2008RFPintheBaltimoreNAAisdemonstrated.Table7.DeterminationofwhetherRFPismetin2008intheBaltimoreNAAVOCEmissionsNOxEmissionsDescription(tpd)(tpd)ITotal2008ProjectedAControlledEmissions219.25277.50BTargetLevelfor2008241.39293.40RFPmetifA<BYesYesIV.ControlMeasuresandEmissionReductionsforRFPThecontrolmeasureMarylandtookcreditforinordertomeettheRFPrequirementintheBaltimoreNAAaredescribedinSection6.0oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.TomeettheRFPrequirementfortheBaltimoreNAA,Marylandusedacombinationof(1)on-roadmobile,(2)non-roadmobile,and(3)areasourcecontrolmeasures.(1)On-RoadMobileMeasuresMarylandcalculatedtheemissionreductionsfor2008REPusingtheMOBILEmodelfor7thefollowingmeasures:•EnhancedVehicleInspectionandMaintenance(EnhancedJIM)TheCAArequiresenhancedJ/Mprogramsinserious,severe,andextremeozonenonattainmentareas,metropolitanstatisticalareas(MSA),andconsolidatedMSA(CMSA)portionsoftheOzoneTransportRegion(OTR)withurbanizedpopulationsover200,000.EnhancedJIMwasrequiredintheBaltimoresevere1-hourozonenonattainmentarea.Thatrequirementisstillinplaceduetotheanti-backslidingprovisionsofCAAsection110(1),whichrequire1-hourozoneJ/Mprogramstocontinueuntiltheareashaveattainedthe19978-hourozonestandard.Maryland’senhancedJIMprogram,COMAR11.14.08,waseffectiveonJanuary2,1995.EPAapprovedtheprogramintotheMarylandSIPonOctober29,1999.EPAapprovedMaryland’srevisionstotheprogramonJanuary16,2003.See40CFR52.1070.•TierIVehicleEmissionStandardsandNewFederalEvaporativeTestProceduresTheCAArequiredcleanerfederalmotorvehicleemissionsstandards(TierIstandards)beginningwithmodelyear1994.TheCAAalsorequiresauniformlevelofevaporativeemissioncontrols,whicharemorestringentthanmostevaporativecontrolsusedinoldervehicles.Thesefederallyimplementedprogramsaffectlightdutyvehiclesandtrucks.See40CFRPart86.•ReformulatedGasolineinOn-RoadVehiclesStaringin1995,onlyEPA-certifiedreformulatedgasolinewasallowedtobesoldininthenineworstozonenonattainmentareaswithpopulationsexceeding250,000,includingtheBaltimoreNAA.ThefirstphaseoftheRFGprogramwasdesignedtoreduceozoneprecursoremissionsby64,000tonsperyear(tpy)inRFGareas.Thesecond(current)phaseoftheRFGprogrambeganin2000,andisdesignedtoreduceozoneprecursoremissionsbyanadditional41,000tpyinRFGareas.TheprogramhasbeeninplaceintheBaltimoreNAAsince1995.•NationalLowEmissionVehicle(NLEV)ProgramTheNLEVprogramisavehicletechnologyprogramthatprovideslightdutyvehiclesandtrucksthataresignificantlycleanerthanpre-1998models.TheNationalLEVprogramwasdevelopedthroughanunprecedented,cooperativeeffortbythenortheasternstates,automanufacturers,environmentalists,fuelproviders,EPA,andotherinterestedparties.NationalLEVvehiclesare70%cleanerthan1998models.TheNationalLEVprogramwillresultinsubstantialreductionsinVOCsandNOx.MarylandadoptedtheNLEVprogramonMarch22,1999,atCOMAR26.11.20.04.EPAapprovedCOMAR26.11.20.04intotheMarylandSIPonDecember28,1999.See40CFR52.1070.•FederalHeavy-DutyDieselEngine(HDDE)RuleEPA’sheavy-dutyenginesruleaddressesdieselvehiclesweighingmorethan8,500pounds.Thesestandardstookeffectin2007,andwillreduceemissionsfromnewHDDEsby95%usingultra-lowsulfurdieselfuelwillbeneeded.See40CFRPart86.AsdiscussedintheBaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD,EPARegion3’sAQABreviewedtheproceduresthatMDEusedtodevelopitsprojectedinventories,includingtheuseofthe8MOBILEmodel,andfoundthemtobereasonable.On-roadMobile2008EmissionReductionsare:42.45tpdVOCand59.10tpdNOx.(2a’)Non-RoadMeasures—NONROADModelMarylandcalculatedtheemissionreductionsfor2008RFPusingtheEPANONROADmodelforthefollowingmeasures:•Non-RoadSmallGasolineEnginesThisfederalmeasurerequiressmallgasoline-poweredengineequipment,suchaslawnandgardenequipment,manufacturedafterAugust1,1996tomeetfederalemissionsstandards.Thesemeasuresapplytoequipmentwithenginesoflessthan25horsepower.VOCemissionsresultfromcombustionandevaporationofgasolineusedtopowerthisequipment.See40CFRparts90and91.•Non-RoadDieselEnginesTierIandTierIIThisfederalmeasuresetsemissionsstandardsfornon-road,compression-ignitionutilityenginesratedat37kilowattsorabove.Thismeasureappliestoallcompression-ignitionenginesexceptenginesusedinaircraft,marinevessels,locomotivesandundergroundminingactivity.NOxemissionsresultfromcombustionofdieselfuelusedtopowerthisequipment.See69FR38957,June29,2004and40CFRParts9,69,80,86,89,94,1039,1048,1051,1065,and1068.•MarineEngineStandardsThismeasurecontrolsexhaustemissionsfromnewspark-ignition(SI)gasolinemarineengines,includingoutboardengines,personalwatercraftengines,andjetboatengines.See40CFRParts89,90,and91.•EmissionsStandardsforLargeSparkIgnitionEnginesThisfederalmeasurecontrolsVOCandNOxemissionsfromseveralgroupsofpreviouslyunregulatednon-roadengines,includinglargeindustrialspark-ignitionengines,recreationalvehicles,anddieselmarineengines.TheemissionstandardsapplytoallnewenginessoldintheUnitedStatesandanyimportedenginesmanufacturedafterthesestandardsbegin.Controlsonthecategoryoflargeindustrialspark-ignitionenginesarefirstrequiredin2004.Controlsontheotherenginecategoriesarerequiredbeginninginyearsafter2005.See40CFRParts89,90,91,94,1048,1051,1065,and1068.•ReformulatedGasolineUseinNon-RoadMotorVehiclesandEquipmentThisfederallymandatedmeasurerequirestheuseoflowerpollutingreformulated”gasolineintheBaltimoreNAA.See“ReformulatedGasolineinOn-roadVehicles,”above.Thismeasureaffectsthevariousnon-roadmobilesourcesthatburngasoline,suchaslawnmowers,trimmers,generators,andcompressors.TheprogramhasbeeninplaceintheBaltimoreNAAsince1995.AsdiscussedintheBaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD,EPARegion3’sAQABreviewedthe9proceduresthatMDEusedtodevelopitsprojectedinventories,includingtheuseoftheNONROADmodel,andfoundthemtobereasonable.Non-roadMobile2008EmissionReductionsare:17.89tpdVOCand6.74tpdNOx.(2b)OtherNon-RoadMeasures•RailroadEngineStandards:Tier2Thismeasureestablishesemissionstandardsfornewlymanufacturedandremanufactureddiesel-poweredlocomotivesandlocomotiveengines.Thisregulationtookeffectin2000.See63FR18998,April16,1998,and40CFRParts92.EmissionBenefitCalculation:ProjectedreductionsarebasedonanemissionreductionfactorsderivedfromtheApril1998“LocomotiveEmissionStandardsRegulatorySupportDocument”fromEPA’sOfficeofMobileSources,whichisattached.Tables6-2and6-3ofthe“LocomotiveEmissionStandardsRegulatorySupportDocument”giveexpectedemissionreductionfactorsforclassIline-haulandclassIswitchrailroadenginesfortheyears2000through2040,in5yearincrements.Controlefficiency(CE)factorsfortheyears2002and2008werecalculatedthroughlinearinterpolation,asexplainedbelow.TheclassIline-haulrailroadengineNOxemissionreductionfactorsfor2000,2005,and2010are0.0100,0.3200,and0.4600,respectively.Interpolationfor2002:0.0100+(0.3200-0.0100)x2/5=0.134=CE2002Interpolationfor2010:0.3200+(0.4600-0.3200)x3/5=0.404=CE2008TheclassIswitchrailroadengineNOxemissionreductionfactorsfor2000,2005,and2010are0.0000,0.0700,and0.1700,respectively.Interpolationfor2002:0.0000+(0.0700-0.0000)x2/5=0.0280=CE2002Interpolationfor2010:0.0700+(0.1700-0.0700)x3/5=0.1300=CE2008Todeterminetheprojecteduncontrolled2008VOCemissionsforrailroadengines,twosourceclassificationcodes(SCC5)wereidentified.ProjectedemissionswerepullingfromAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.PleasenotethatAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanusesFederalInformationProcessingStandard(FIPS)countycodesinlieuofcountynames.SeeTable8for2008projecteduncontrolledemissions.Table8.RailRoadEngineUncontrolled2008VOCEmissionsintheBaltimoreNAACountyName&FIPSCodeSCCSourceSubcategoryNOx(tpd)AnneArundel240032285002005railroadlinehaul0.264270646Baltimore24005engines1.187250336Carroll24013(ClassILine-Haul)0.518027224Harford240250.556217163Howard240270.512464138BaltimoreCity245100.988266157Total4.02649566410CountyName&FIPSCodeSCCSourceSubcategoryNOx(tpd)AnneArundel240032285002010railroadyardengines0.847887229Baltimore24005(ClassISwitch)0Carroll240130Harford240250Howard240270BaltimoreCity245101.877589924Total2.725477153Emissionsbenefitsforbothsourcecategoriesarecalculatedbymultiplying2008uncontrolledemissionsbythedifferencebetweenCE2008andCE2002,andmultiplyingbytheruleeffectiveness(RE)andrulepenetration(RP)factors.2008Controlled=2008Uncontrolledx[CE2008—CE2002]xRExRPEmissionsEmissionsAssumingREandRPof1,the2008emissionsbenefitsforclassIline-haulandclassIswitchrailroadenginesareasfollows:ClassILine-Haul:4.026495664X(0.4040—0.1340)=1.087tpdClassILine-Switch:2.725477153X(0.1300-0.0280)=0.278tpdRailroadEngineProjected2008EmissionReductionsare:1.087+0.278=1.37tpdNOx.(3)AreaSourceMeasures•ArchitecturalandIndustrialMaintenance(AIM)CoatingsAfederalmeasurerequiresreformulationofAIMcoatings,whicharefield-appliedcoatingsusedbyindustry,contractors,andhomeownerstocoathouses,buildings,highwaysurfaces,andindustrialequipmentfordecorativeorprotectivepurposes.VOCemissionsresultfromtheevaporationofsolventsfromthecoatingsduringapplicationanddrying.Maryland’sAIMrule,COMAR26.11.33,waseffectiveonMarch29,2004.EPAapprovedthisruleintotheMarylandSIPonMay12,2005,andapprovedrevisionstoCOMAR26.11.33onOctober19,2005.See40CFR52.1070.EmissionBenefitCalculation:Projectedreductionsarebasedonanemissionreductionfactorof31percent,basedontheE.H.Pechanreport,“ControlMeasureDevelopmentSupportAnalysisfortheOzoneTransportCommissionModelRules,”datedMarch31,2001(2001Pechanreport),whichisattached.Seepage15ofthe2001Pechanreport.Todeterminetheprojecteduncontrolled2008VOCemissionsforAIMcoatings,sixSCCswereidentified.ProjectedemissionswerepullingfromAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.SeeTable9for2008projecteduncontrolledemissions.11Table9.AIMCoatingUncontrolled2008VOCEmissionsintheBaltimoreNAACountyNameSCCSourceSubcategoryVOCtpd&FIPSCodeAnneArundel2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.284027229240032401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.133437532401008000trafficpaints0.047812092401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance0.6654970332401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories0.665497033Baltimore2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.976759108240052401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.7449263612401008000trafficpaints0.0666762142401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance1.0753509252401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories1.075350925Carroll2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.430653619240132401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.3801469032401008000trafficpaints0.0412535892401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance0.2135196552401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories0.213519655Harford2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.609513406240252401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.5380301552401008000trafficpaints0.0267038122401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance0.3002808792401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories0.300280879Howard2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.69873877240272401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings0.6167912392401008000trafficpaints0.0351275212401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance0.3277730582401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories0.327773058BaltimoreCity2401002000solvent-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.570115754245102401003000water-basedarchitecturalsurfacecoatings1.3859738182401008000trafficpaints0.0146664652401100000surfacecoatingsforindustrialmaintenance0.8278929582401200000surfacecoatings-othercategories0.827892958TotalfortheBaltimoreNAA19.4219826PleasenotethatTable9containsemissioninformationforfiveofthesixidentifiedSCCs.ZeroemissionswereprojectedforallcountiesforthesixthSCC,2401008999:trafficpaintsolvents.Asstatedabove,countiesareidentifiedbyFIPScodeandnotnameinAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.AIMCoatingProjected2008EmissionReductionsare:19.4219826x31%=6.02tpdVOC.12•CommercialandConsumerProducts,PhaseIConsumerandcommercialproductsareitemssoldtoretailcustomersforhousehold,personalorautomotiveuse,alongwiththeproductsmarketedbywholesaledistributorsforuseininstitutionalorcommercialsettingssuchasbeautyshops,schools,andhospitals.VOCemissionsresultfromtheevaporationofsolventcontentsintheproductsorsolventsusedaspropellants.ThismeasurerequirestherefonnulationofcertainconsumerproductstoreducetheirVOCcontent.Maryland’sconsumerproductsrule(phase1),COMAR26.11.32,waseffectiveonAugust18,2003.EPAapprovedthisruleintotheMarylandSIPonDecember9,2003,andapprovedrevisionstoCOMAR26.11.32(phase2)onDecember10,2007.See40CFR52.1070.EmissionBenefitCalculation:Projectedreductionsarebasedonanemissionreductionfactorof14.2percent,basedonthe2001Pechanreport,page8.Todeterminetheprojecteduncontrolled2008VOCemissionsforconsumerandcommercialproducts,oneSCCwasidentified.ProjectedemissionswerepullingfromAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Asstatedabove,AppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanusesFIPScountycodesinlieuofcountynames.SeeTable10for2008projecteduncontrolledconsumerandcommercialproductsemissions.Table10.ConsumerandCommercialProductsUncontrolled2008VOCEmissionsintheBaltimoreNAACountyName&FIPSCodeSCCSourceSubcategoryVOCtpdAnneArundel240032465000000Emissionsfrom5.086061964Baltimore24005commerciallconsumersolvents7.829989181Carroll240131.705829083Harford240252.414296893Howard240272.767720653BaltimoreCity245106.219265318TotalfortheBaltimoreNAA26.02316309ConsumerandCommercialProductsProjected2008EmissionReductionsare:26.02316309x14.2%=3.70tpdVOC.•PortableFuelContainersRule,PhaseIThismeasureintroducesperformancestandardsforportablefuelcontainersandspouts,andisintendedtoreduceemissionsfromstorage,transportandrefuelingactivities.Therulealsoincludedadministrativeandlabelingrequirements.Maryland’sportablefuelcontainerrule,COMAR26.11.13.07,waseffectiveonJanuary21,2002.EPAapprovedthisruleintotheMarylandSIPonDecemberAugust30,2004(69FR38848),andapprovedrevisionstoCOMAR26.11.13.07(phase2)onJune17,2008(73FR40970).See40CFR52.1070.13EmissionBenefitCalculation:ImplementationofthisrulebeganonJanuary1,2003.(69FR38849)Projectedreductionsarebasedonanemissionreductionfactorof75%afterfullimplementationafter10years.(SeeMDE’sundated“TechnicalSupportDocument,COMAR26.11.13.07,ControlofVOCEmissionsfromPortableFuelContainers”,attached.)Bythe2008ozoneseason,therulehadbeenimplementedfor5.5years.Emissionreductionfactor:75%x5.5years=41.25%10yearsTodeterminetheprojecteduncontrolled2008VOCemissionsforportablefuelcontainers,sixSCCswereidentified.ProjectedemissionswerepullingfromAppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Asexplainedabove,AppendixCoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanusesFIPScountycodesinsteadofcountynames.SeeTable11,below.Table11.PortableFuelContainerProjectedUncontrolled2008VOCEmissionsintheBaltimoreNAACountyName&SCCSourceSubcategoryVOCtpdFIPSCodeAnneArundel2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.118053240032501011012Residential-DiurnalArea1.0154612501011016Residential-TransportArea0.055372501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0135812501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.181782501012016Commercial-TransportArea2.763266Baltimore2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.196545240052501011012Residential-DiurnalArea1.7005882501011016Residential-TransportArea0.0935432501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0178682501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.2270252501012016Commercial-TransportArea3.448473Carroll2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.037711240132501011012Residential-DiurnalArea0.3249792501011016Residential-TransportArea0.0177462501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0066552501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.0865132501012016Commercial-TransportArea1.318773Harford2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.05591240252501011012Residential-DiurnalArea0.4834592501011016Residential-TransportArea0.0263112501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0065782501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.0887992501012016Commercial-TransportArea1.351712Howard2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.06271114240272501011012Residential-DiurnalArea0.5412982501012016Commercial-TransportArea1.474268PortableFuelContainersProjected2008EmissionReductionsare19.71095tpdx41.25%8.13tpdVOC.RFPEmissionReductionSummaryForcertaincontrolmeasures,the2008projectedemissionreductionscalculatedinthisdocumentdifferfromthe2008projectedemissionreductionsthatMDEhastakencreditforintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Thetotal2008projectedemissionreductionscalculatedbyEPAaregreaterthantheemissionreductionsclaimedbyMDEintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Therefore,theemissionreductionsclaimedintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanareapprovable.Table12summarizestheemissionreductionsfromeachcontrolmeasureandcomparesEPA’scalculatedvalueswiththereductionsclaimedintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.Table12.ControlMeasuresand2008EmissionReductionsintheBaltimoreNAA—ComparisonofEPACalculationsandBaltimore8-hourOzonePlanBaltimore8-hourEPACalculationOzonePlanVOCNOxVOCNOxControlMeasure(tpd)(tpd)(tpd)(tpd)On-roadMobileMeasures42.4559.1042.4559.10Non-roadModel17.896.7417.896.74Railroads(Tier2)0.001.370.001.18OTC-ConsumerProductsPhase13.700.003.700.00OTC—AIMCoatings6.020.006.030.00OTC—PortableFuelContainersPhase18.130.006.710.00Total78.1967.2176.7867.022501011016Residential-TransportArea0.0297052501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0077012501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.096818BaltimoreCity2501011011Residential-PermeationArea0.160109245102501011012Residential-DiurnalArea1.3825772501011016Residential-TransportArea0.0755232501012011Commercial-PermeationArea0.0110772501012012Commercial-DiurnalArea0.1379562501012016Commercial-TransportArea2.094509TotalfortheBaltimoreNAA19.7109515V.ContingencyMeasuresforFailuretoMeetRFPSection172(c)(9)oftheCAArequiresastatewithamoderateoraboveozonenonattainmentareatoincludesufficientadditionalcontingencymeasuresinitsRFPplanincasetheareafailstomeetRFP.ThesameprovisionoftheCAAalsorequiresthatthecontingencymeasuresmustbefullyadoptedcontrolmeasuresorrules.UponfailuretomeetanRFPmilestonerequirement,thestatemustbeabletoimplementthecontingencymeasureswithoutanyfurtherrulemakingactivities.Uponimplementationofsuchmeasures,additionalemissionreductionsofatleast3percentoftheadjusted2002baselineemissionsmustbeachieved.Formoreinformationoncontingencymeasures,seetheApril16,1992GeneralPreamble(57FR13512)andtheNovember29,2005Phase28-hourozoneimplementationrule(70FR71612).Tomeettherequirementsforcontingencyemissionreductions,EPAallowsstatestouseNOxemissionreductionstosubstituteforVOCemissionreductionsintheircontingencyplans.However,MDEchosetouseonlyVOCreductionstomeetthecontingencymeasurerequirementintheBaltimoreNAA.MDEdiscussesitsBaltimoreNAAcontingencymeasuresforfailuretomeetRFPinSection10.2oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.MDEcalculatedthecontingencyVOCreductionfortheBaltimoreNAAasshowninTable13,below.TheRFPcontingencyrequirementmaybemetbyincludingintheRFPplanademonstrationof18percentVOC&NOxRFP.Theadditional3percentreductionabovethe15percentrequirementmustbeattributedtospecificmeasures.Table13.BaltimoreNAA2008RFPContingencyMeasureTargetLevelCalculationsDescriptionFormulaVOCNOxA‘!002Rate-OfProgressBaseYearInventory271.48338.08BFMVCP/RVPReductionsBetween2002And20089.1022.60C002AdjustedBaseYearInventoryRelativeTo2008A-B262.38315.48DFPRatio0.08000.0700RFPEmissionsReductionsRequiredBetween2002&F2008C*D20.9922.08FContingencyPercentage3.000.00GContingencyEmissionReductionRequirementsC*F7.870.00HContingencyMeasureTargetLevelfor2008C—E—G233.52293.40TodetermineifMarylandmeetsthethreepercentcontingencymeasurerequirementfortheBaltimoreNAA,thetotalprojectedcontrolledemissionsmustbecomparedtothecontingencymeasuretargetlevelscalculatedabove.AsshownbelowinTable14,thetotalVOCandNOxemissionprojectionsmeetthe2008contingencymeasuretargets.Therefore,MDEhasmetthecontingencymeasurerequirementfortheBaltimoreNAA16Table14.EvaluationoftheBaltimoreNAA.2008RFPContingencyMeasureReiuirementDescriptionVOCNOx(tpd)(tpd)ATotal2008ProjectedControlledEmissions219.25277.50BContingencyMeasureTargetLevelfor2008233.52293.40ContingencymeasurerequirementmetifA<BYesYesVI.RACMAnalysisandDeterminationPursuanttosection172(c)(1)oftheCAA,statesarerequiredtoimplementallRACMasexpeditiouslyaspracticableforeachnonattainmentarea.Specifically,section172(c)(l)statesthefollowing:“Ingeneral—Suchplanprovisionsshallprovidefortheimplementationofallreasonablyavailablecontrolmeasuresasexpeditiouslyaspracticable(includingsuchreductionsinemissionsfromexistingsourcesintheareaasmaybeobtainedthroughtheadoption,ataminimum,ofreasonablyavailablecontroltechnology)andshallprovideforattainmentofthenationalprimaryambientairqualitystandards.”Furthermore,inEPA’sPhase2Rule,EPAdescribeshowstatesmustincludeaRACManalysiswiththeirattainmentdemonstration(70FR71659).ThepurposeoftheRACManalysisistodeterminewhetherornotreasonablyavailablecontrolmeasuresexistthatwouldadvancetheattainmentdatefornonattainmentareas.ControlmeasuresthatwouldadvancetheattainmentdateareconsideredRACMandmustbeincludedintheSIP.RACMarenecessarytoensurethattheattainmentdateisachieved“asexpeditiousaspracticable.”RACMisdefinedbytheEPAasanypotentialcontrolmeasureforapplicationtopoint,area,on-roadandnon-roademissionsourcecategoriesthatmeetsthefollowingcriteria:•Thecontrolmeasureistechnologicallyfeasible•Thecontrolmeasureiseconomicallyfeasible•Thecontrolmeasuredoesnotcause“substantialwidespreadandlong-termadverseimpacts”•Thecontrolmeasureisnot“absurd,unenforceable,orimpracticable”•Thecontrolmeasurecanadvancetheattainmentdatebyatleastoneyear.MDEaddressestheRACMrequirementinSection7.0andAppendixEoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.TomeettheRACMrequirement,MarylandmustdemonstratethatithasadoptedallRACMnecessarytomovetheBaltimoreNAAtowardattainmentasexpeditiouslyaspracticableandtomeetallRFPrequirements.AsdemonstratedaboveinsectionTVofthisdocument,MarylandhasmettheRFPrequirementsfortheBaltimoreNAA.MDEusedtwoindependentlydevelopedlistsofpotentialcontrolmeasuresforitsRACManalysis.ThefirstlistconsistsoftheRACManalysisperformedfortheWashington,DCNAA’s8-hourozoneplan.ThesecondlistofmeasureswasdevelopedbytheBaltimoreMetropolitanCouncil(BMC)withMDEin2006.ThesemeasuresareevaluatedinAppendicesE-1andE-2oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.17MDEusedthefollowingcriteriatodetermineofeachpotentialcontrolmeasure.Note,EPA’sevaluationofcertainMDEcriteriaisshowninthesub-bullets,below.•Isitenforceable?•Isittechnicallyfeasible?•Willitreduceemissionsbythebeginningofthe2008ozoneseason(May1,2008)?oInorderforanymeasuretoadvancetheattainmentdateofJune2010toJune2009,themeasureswouldhavetobeimplementedandachievetheemissionreductionsinthe2008ozoneseason.Therefore,themeasuresmustbeimplementedbyMay2008.•Isiteconomicallyfeasible($3,500-$5,000pertonorless)?oIntheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan,MDEstatesthatthiscostpertonrangeisbasedontheReasonablyAvailableControlTechnology(RACT)costsintheBaltimoreNAA,whichMDEstatesareaslowas$3,500perton.•Woulditcreatesubstantialorwidespreadadverseimpactswithintheregion?oIntheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan,MDEstatesthat,“somecandidateRACMmeasureshavethepotentialtocausesubstantialandwidespreadadverseimpactstoaparticularsocialgrouporsectoroftheeconomy.Duetoenvironmentaljusticeconcerns,measuresthatcausesubstantialorwidespreadadverseimpactswillnotbeconsideredRACM.”•Dothesource’semissionsexceedademinimisthreshold,proposedas0.1tpd?oTheApril16,1992GeneralPreamblefortheImplementationofTitleIoftheCleanAirActAmendmentsof1990(57FR13498)statesthatmeasurescanbeexcludedfromfurtherconsiderationinaRACManalysisifthosemeasureshaveinsignificant(deminimis)emissions.“WherethesourcesaffectedbyaparticularmeasurecontributeonlynegligiblytoambientconcentrationsthatexceedtheNAAQS,EPA’spolicyisthatitwouldbeunreasonableandthereforewouldnotconstituteRACMtorequirecontrolsonthesource.”oIntheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan,MDEstatesthatwhilethesmallestmajorsourcesubjecttoRACTinamoderateNAAemits50tpy,MDEconsidered25tpy(approximately0.1tpd)sources.MDEfurtherstatesthatfollowingtheRACTrequirementsandtheprecedentsetbytheSanFranciscoRACManalysis,itwillnotconsidercontrolmeasuresaffectingsourcecategoriesthatproducelessthat0.1tpdNOxorVOCemissions.Marylandevaluatedover200potentialcontrolmeasuresagainstthesecriteria.NomeasureswerefoundtobeRACM.However,MDEstatesintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanthatmanyofthemeasuresareworthwhileinthattheycanreduceemissions.MDEfurtherstatesthatitwillconsiderthesepotentialcontrolmeasuresforfutureSIPrevisionsfortheBaltimoreNAA.EPAhasreviewedMDE’sanalysis.MDEevaluatedallsourcecategoriesthatcouldcontributemeaningfulemissionreductions,andcompiledanextensivelistofpotentialcontrolmeasures.MDEconsideredthetimeneededtodevelopandadoptregulationsandthetimeitwouldtaketoseethebenefitfromthesemeasures.EPAconcurswithMDE’sconclusionthattherearenoRACMthatwouldhaveadvancedthe2010attainmentdatefortheBaltimoreNAA.18VII.TransportationConformityBudgetsTransportationconformityisrequiredbyCAAsection176(c).EPA’sconformityrulerequiresthattransportationplans,programsandprojectsconformtostateairqualityimplementationplansandestablishesthecriteriaandprocedurefordeterminingwhetherornottheydo.ConformitytoaSIPmeansthattransportationactivitieswillnotproducenewairqualityviolations,worsenexistingviolations,ordelaytimelyattainmentofthenationalambientairqualitystandards.ThecriteriabywhichwedeterminewhetheraSIP,sMVEBsareadequateforconformitypurposesareoutlinedin40CFR93.118(e)(4).TheprocessfordeterminingtheadequacyofsubmittedSIPbudgetsisdescribedin40CFR93.118(f).StatesmustestablishVOCandNOxMVEBsforeachofthemilestoneyearsuptotheattainmentyearandsubmitthemobilebudgetstoEPAforapproval.UponadequacydeterminationorapprovalbyEPA,statesmustconducttransportationconformityanalysisfortheirTransportationImprovementPrograms(TIPs)andlongrangetransportationplanstoensurehighwayvehicleemissionswillnotexceedrelevantMVEBs.Failureofdemonstratingsuchtransportationconformitylapsesresultinginfreezingoffederalhighwayfundsandallfederalhighwayprojectsinthelapsedarea.MDEdiscussestransportationconformityinSection8.0oftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.MDE,inconsultationwiththeBaltimoreRegionalTransportationBoard(BRTB),establishedMVEBsfor2008MDEcalculatedthe2008mobileemissionsinventoryusingEPA’sMOBILE6.2andtheHighwayPerformanceMonitoringSystem(HPMS)model.MDEdescribesitsmethodsinAppendixFoftheBaltimore8-hourozoneplan.MDEalsoestablishedMVEBsfor2009,butEPAisnotevaluatingthatbudgetinthisdocument.TheBaltimoreNAAMVEBforthe2008RFPisbasedontheprojected2008mobilesourceemissionsaccountingforallmobilecontrolmeasures.TheMVEBsforthe2008RFPareshowninTable15,below.Table15.BaltimoreNAA2008RFPMVEBsVOC(tpd)NOx(tpd)41.2106.8Forbudgetstobeapprovable,theymustmeet,ataminimum,EPA’sadequacycriteria(40CFR93.118(e)(4)).InaMarch27,2009FederalRegisternotice,EPAnotifiedthepublicthatEPAfoundthatthe2008RFPMVEBsintheBaltimore8-hourozoneplanareadequatefortransportationconformitypurposes.(74FR13433)AsaresultofEPA’sfinding,theStateofMarylandmustusetheMVEBsfromtheJune4,2007Baltimore8-hourozoneplanforfutureconformitydeterminationsforthe8-hourozonestandard.Inadditiontothebudgetsbeingadequatefortransportationconformitypurposes,asstatedabove,EPARegion3’sAQABfoundtheproceduresMarylandusedtodeveloptheMVEBstobereasonable.Thebudgetsareidenticaltotheprojected2008on-roadmobilesourceemissioninventories.(SeeTable6,“BaltimoreNAA2008ProjectedControlledVOC&NOxEmissions(tpd).”)Becausethe2008RFPMVEBsareadequatefortransportationconformity19purposesandthemethodsMDEusedtodevelopthemarecorrect,the2008RFPbudgetsareapprovable.C.SUMMARYANDRECOMMENDATIONS:IhavereviewedMDE’s2008RFPplan,contingencymeasuresforfailuretomeetRFP,andRACManalysisfortheBaltimoreNAAandfoundthemtobeapprovable.Inaddition,EPARegion3’sAQABdeterminedthatMDEusedacceptabletechniquesandmethodologiestodeveloptheBaltimoreNAA2002baseyearemissionand2008milestoneyearprojectedinventories.Furthermore,EPAhasfoundtheBaltimoreNAA’s2008RFPMVEBsadequatefortransportationconformitypurposes.ThereforeIrecommendapprovalofthefollowingSIPelementsinMDE’sJune4,2007Baltimore8-hourozoneplan:the2002baseyearemissionsinventory,theRFPplanandassociated2008projectedemissioninventories,theRACManalysis,thecontingencymeasuresforfailuretomeet2008RFP,andthe2008MVEBsfortheBaltimoremoderatenonattainmentarea.Attachments:-“TechnicalSupportDocument(TSD)fortheBaltimoreNonattainmentArea:8HourOzoneStateImplementationPlan(SIP)AttainmentDemonstrationandBaseYearInventory,”preparedbyAliceH.ChowandsignedbyWalterWilkie,AirQualityAnalysisBranchChief,onDecember19,2008(BaltimoreEmissionInventoryTSD).-EPAOfficeofMobileSources,“LocomotiveEmissionStandardsRegulatorySupportDocument,”April1998.-“TechnicalSupportDocument,COMAR26.11.13.07,ControlofVOCEmissionsfromPortableFuelContainers,”MDE,undated.-E.H.Pechan,“ControlMeasureDevelopmentSupportAnalysisfortheOzoneTransportCommissionModelRules,”March31,2001.-AdequacyStatusofthe2008ReasonableFurtherProgressPlanfortheBaltimore8-HourOzoneNonattainmentAreaMotorVehicleEmissionBudgets(74FR13433).20