1

U.S. Department of Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

March 2000

MESSAGE FROM THE DISTRICT CHIEF

For those of you unfamiliar with our agency, the U.S. Geological 

Survey (USGS), established in 1879 by Congress, provides reliable and 

impartial information to understand the Nation’s natural resources. This 

information is used to protect life and property from natural disasters, manage the Nation’s natural resources, and protect the environment. I am proud 

to be part of an agency that has a long history of serving the needs of a growing Nation. Traditionally, the Districts within the USGS, Water Resources 

Division (WRD) have issued an occasional formal report on program activities. This report takes quite a bit of time to produce. Because we are deeply 

into the information age and people have grown accustomed to instant information, we felt that some sort of less formal and more frequent information 

outlet was needed. This newsletter is an attempt to meet this need and will 

evolve over time as we adapt to the information needs of the public and 

other agencies. 

Within the water-resources community in Illinois, the USGS is 

probably best known for the streamflow-data network. However, we also are 

involved in numerous other data collection activities and interpretive 

projects. In this and subsequent newsletters, we will highlight some of these 

efforts. A sampling of some of these efforts include the measurement of the 

diversion of water from Lake Michigan, studies on urbanization effects on 

water quality, hydraulic modeling of river and lake systems, water quality of 

the Illinois River Basin, sedimentation of rivers and lakes, and contamination of surface water and ground water from natural and human activities.

It is with great pleasure that I present to you the first of what I hope 

to be many periodic newsletters intended to inform the public and 

Governmental Agencies of USGS, WRD activities in Illinois.

Robert R. Holmes, Jr.

Illinois District Chief

Water Resources Update

Illinois District Newsletter

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Message from the District Chief. . 1

USGS Awarded. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Are we drinking too much 

arsenic? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Outreach in the Illinois District . . 3

Upper Illinois River Basin, 

NAWQA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Cooperator Spotlight. . . . . . . . . . . 6

Employee Spotlight . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Illinois District Publications . . . . . 8

Comments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

USGS AWARDED

The U.S. Geological Survey 

was selected for the year 2000 

“Making Waves Award” presented by the Rivers Project at 

their annual Clean Water Celebration in Peoria, Illinois. 

Mr. Robert Hirsch, Chief 

Hydrologist, accepted the 

award and addressed over 

5,000 top high school students 

on March 19 and 20, 2000.
2

The lower Illinois River Basin 

(LIRB) is 1 of 59 basins being studied 

by the U.S. Geological Survey’s 

National Water-Quality Assessment 

(NAWQA) program as part of a study 

of our Nation’s water quality. The 59 

basins include parts of most major 

river basins and aquifer systems 

throughout the Nation. 

The deep glacial drift aquifer 

(DGDA) in the LIRB is a deep sandand-gravel deposit filling the 

Mahomet Bedrock Valley (MBV) and 

overlain by more than 100 feet of 

clayey till (fig.1). This hydrogeologic 

setting is common in the Midwest 

from Illinois through Ohio, and these 

aquifers are a major source of drinking 

water. Contamination of these aquifers 

is minimal, but natural contaminants 

such as arsenic are present. Arsenic 

concentrations in the ground water in 

parts of the DGDA in central Illinois 

exceed the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (USEPA) interim 

drinking water standard of 50 micrograms per liter (μg/L). The current 

USEPA standard of 50 μg/L is under 

revision. If the USEPA standard was 

lowered to 20 μg/L, many public and 

private water supplies would have to 

address arsenic contamination (table 

1). 

Over 140 ground-water 

samples were collected in this study. 

Ground-water samples were analyzed 

for over 170 different chemical 

constituents, including trace elements, 

nutrients, metals, major ions, radon, 

tritium, stable isotopes, pesticides, and 

metabolites. The ground-water 

chemistry of the DGDA was evaluated 

using data collected from 30 private 

domestic-supply wells within the 

MBV. The shallow glacial drift aquifer 

(SGDA) was evaluated using data 

collected from 87 wells. The SGDA 

wells include 57 newly installed 

monitoring wells, 29 private domesticsupply wells, and 1 public-supply 

well. Ground water from 10 of the 

wells in the DGDA was resampled for 

arsenic speciation (forms of arsenic).

Data collected in this study 

from domestic wells was compared 

with previous analysis from public 

supplies (Warner, 1999). The 

percentage of domestic wells 

(privately owned wells generally 

serving a household) with ground 

water concentrations above 50 μg/L is 

approximately the same as the 

percentage of public wells (publicly 

owned wells generally serving a 

community) with ground water 

concentrations above 50 μg/L. 

The chemistry of arsenic in 

the DGDA is a complex array of 

chemical, biochemical, and 

geochemical reactions that control the 

dissolved arsenic concentrations. 

Arsenic speciation was completed for 

ground-water samples from 10 

domestic wells in the DGDA that had 

the highest concentration of total 

dissolved arsenic. Arsenate and 

arsenite are two forms of arsenic that 

are most common in ground water. 

Arsenite is the most common form of 

arsenic in the DGDA (fig. 2). The 

redox conditions of the aquifer affect 

speciation of arsenic. The low 

dissolved oxygen concentrations in 

the DGDA are associated with 

arsenite. Arsenite was at least 50 

percent of the total dissolved arsenic 

for all speciation samples from the 

DGDA. Arsenite is more toxic than 

arsenate.

ARE WE DRINKING TOO MUCH ARSENIC?

BY KELLY L. WARNER

Figure 1. Schematic cross-section of the Mahomet Bedrock Valley in the lower Illinois River 

Basin.
3

Bibliography

Warner, K.L., in press, Analysis of 

nutrients, selected inorganic constituents, and trace elements in water 

from Illinois community supply 

wells, 1984-91: U.S. Geological 

Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 99-4152.

Table 1. Arsenic in ground water from 

public-water supplies within the deep and 

shallow glacial drift aquifer.

[All units are in microgram per liter.]

Public-Water

Supplied from

Glacial Deposits

No. of

Wells

Percentage of

Samples Analyzed

for Arsenic

Above

50

Above

20

State of Illinois 1,070 3 13

Lower Illinois

River Basin

515 3 17

Deep Glacial Drift

Aquifer in Mahomet

Bedrock Valley

42 7 48

District homepage on the World Wide Web at 

http://www.il.water.usgs.gov/. There are numerous other USGS 

Web sites that provide information on water, geology, biology, 

and mapping. Information on educational resources and various 

links are available on the World Wide Web at 

http://water.usgs.gov/education.html.

The Illinois District is involved in several projects in the State 

that are funded through the USGS Human Resources Initiative 

rogram. The Human Resource Initiative supports an internal 

USGS effort to increase education, training, and utilization of a 

diverse population of employees, students, teachers, retirees, and 

others. As part of this effort, the District is involved in recruitment and retention of under-represented groups in the sciences. 

District personnel have participated in several career fairs in the 

inner-city Chicago and Peoria areas. Careers in the earth sciences 

are discussed with many students and teachers. A video, “Earth 

Science Careers,” has been developed that shows earth-science 

careers and the wide range of applications of education in science 

for employment in the USGS. The District has initiated an internship with the University of Illinois to bring highly qualified and 

young scientists to the university and the USGS. The District also 

is working with the University of Illinois to teach a class through 

the Civil Engineering Department on “Field Methods in the 

Hydrologic Sciences.”

A new exhibit on “Water” at the Orpheum Children’s Science 

museum in Champaign was funded. The exhibit will encompass 

two rooms and include water flumes, geomorphic and geologic 

models, a water-use display, and many hands-on tools for learning about water in our environment. The grand opening of the 

exhibit is scheduled for Spring 2000.

The Illinois District of the USGS provides relevant water-resources information and expertise 

needed by others to achieve the best use and management of water resources in Illinois, the Midwest, 

and the United States. One component of this mission is “outreach.” Outreach is the general term 

applied to our interaction with the public, education 

community, and layperson. An abundance of information about water resources in Illinois is available 

on the Illinois 

OUTREACH IN THE ILLINOIS DISTRICT

BY KELLY L. WARNER

Figure 2. Distribution of arsenite and arsenate in the deep glacial drift aquifer in the 

Mahomet Bedrock Valley within the lower 

Illinois River Basin.
4

3 YEARS

VARIANCE

2 YEARS

1 YEAR (DRY)

1 YEAR (WET)

140

120

100

80

60

40

-40

20

0

-20

MEDIAN PERCENT BIAS

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

MEAN SQUARE ERROR, (THOUSANDS)

BIAS SQUARED

368,000

ALL

SM

SMPSSMSS

MON

MPS

MPP

MSS

6W

6WPS

6WSS

ALL

SM

SMPSSMSS

MON

MPS

MPP

MSS

6W

6WPS

6WSS

SAMPLING STRATEGIES FOR TOTAL PHOSPHORUS

During the past 25 years, industry 

and government made large financial 

investments that resulted in better water 

quality across the Nation; however, 

many water-quality concerns remain. In 

1991, the USGS began implementation 

of the National Water-Quality 

Assessment (NAWQA) program. This 

program differs from other national 

water-quality assessment studies in that 

the NAWQA program integrates 

monitoring of surface- and ground-water 

quality with the study of aquatic 

ecosystems.

Assessing the quality of water in 

every location of the Nation would not 

be practical; therefore, the NAWQA 

program studies are conducted within 

study units. The upper Illinois River 

Basin (UIRB) NAWQA study began in 

1997 (the UIRB also was studied as part 

of the NAWQA pilot program begun in 

1986) (fig. 1).

Water-quality issues in the upper 

Illinois River Basin are numerous and 

diverse. Some of the water-quality 

issues being studied in the UIRB are 

related to the large urban area of 

Chicago, the rapid spread of some of the 

Chicago suburbs to land formerly used 

for agriculture, and the large area of the 

basin still being used for intensive 

rowcrop agriculture. Two studies 

currently being conducted by the UIRB 

study unit team are highlighted below in 

brief summaries:

Influence of Various WaterQuality Sampling Strategies on 

Load Estimates for Small 

Streams

By Dale M. Robertson and 

Eric D. Roerish

NAWQA, like most intense 

sampling programs, is limited in the 

number of samples collected. Therefore, 

various sampling strategies were 

examined to determine which enabled 

the best annual load estimates to be 

generated for small streams given that 

only 12 to 30 samples per year can be 

collected and, therefore, a regression 

approach is used to estimate loads. The 

most effective sampling strategy was 

found to depend on the length of the 

study. For 1-year studies, fixed-period 

monthly sampling supplemented with 

storm chasing (NAWQA approach) was 

most effective because this strategy 

resulted in the most precise annual 

loads, even though they were overestimated by 25 to 50 percent (fig. 2). For 

studies of about 2 or 3 years in length, 

fixed-period semi-monthly sampling 

provided not only the least biased but 

also the most precise estimates. 

Regardless of the sampling strategy 

used, the regression approach using 

daily average streamflow and only a few 

samples collected annually is a 

relatively imprecise means of estimating 

annual phosphorus and sediment loads 

for small streams. The most effective 

strategy resulted in median absolute 

errors of about 30 percent based on 

comparison with loads generated with 

the integration method using extensive 

data.

The positive biases and imprecise 

estimates from some strategies were 

caused by additional high-flow samples 

collected to define the relation between 

high flow and high loads. These highflow samples, however, did not 

represent the average concentrations for 

the day. High-flow samples collected 

using single-stage or peak-flow 

sampling resulted in the most biased and 

often the most imprecise estimates. The 

most effective strategy for collecting 

representative high-flow samples was 

manual storm chasing (NAWQA 

approach) because sampling crews 

generally cannot respond quickly 

UPPER ILLINOIS RIVER BASIN

NATIONAL WATER-QUALITY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM

WIS

ILL IND

Upper Illinois

River Basin

(UIRB)

Study Area

Figure 1. Location of the upper Illinois 

River Basin.

Figure 2. Biases, in percent difference from 

the “true” yield estimated by the integration 

method, and mean square errors, in percent 

squared, for total phosphorus for various 

sampling strategies. Each group of four bars 

is given in the following order: 1 year (dry), 1 

year (wet), 2 years, and 3 years. All-data and 

6-week strategies were used for the 3-year 

periods only. [All, all data; SM, semimonthly; SMPS, semimonthly plus storm 

chasing; SMSS, semimonthly plus singlestage; MON, monthly; MPS, monthly plus 

storm chasing; MPP, monthly plus peak flow; 

MSS, monthly plus single-stage; 6W, 6-

week; 6WPS, 6-week plus storm chasing; 

6WSS, 6-week plus single-stage.]
5

enough to consistently bias the samples 

toward the high concentrations during 

increasing flow.

Nutrients in Surface Waters, 

1978-97

By Daniel J. Sullivan

One part of the NAWQA study 

design is the analyses of existing information. The Illinois Environmental 

Protection Agency has identified 

nutrient enrichment and sedimentation 

as the major causes of water-quality 

problems in Illinois (Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, 1996). For 

this reason and because these also are 

important national issues, nutrients and 

suspended solids were selected as a 

topic for retrospective analysis for the 

upper Illinois River Basin NAWQA 

study. Only nutrients are discussed here.

Nutrients are essential for algal and 

macrophyte growth in aquatic environments; but in sufficiently high concentration, these constituents can adversely 

affect water quality. On a statewide 

basis, the major source of elevated 

concentrations of nutrients is 

agriculture. However, the upper Illinois 

River Basin is unique in Illinois in that 

much of the Chicago metropolitan area 

lies within its hydrologic boundaries. 

Chicago is the third-largest metropolitan 

area in the United States, and the largest 

within the Mississippi River drainage, 

the largest watershed in the Nation. 

Urban areas are a source of nutrients and 

these sources are a major concern in the 

UIRB. Major characteristics of nutrient 

concentrations and transport in the 

upper Illinois River Basin are the 

following:

* The urban areas of Chicago and its 

suburbs contribute proportionately 

higher loads of total phosphorus to 

study-area streams. For nitrogen, loads 

of ammonia are higher from urban areas 

whereas loads of other nitrate are higher 

from agricultural areas; when total 

nitrogen is considered, loads are similar 

from different land uses (Fig. 3). 

* Because of the relatively high 

nutrient concentrations in the study area, 

annual loads and yields also were 

relatively large in comparison to four 

other river basins in the upper Mississippi River Basin (yield is the total 

amount discharged in tons per year in 

proportion to the size of the drainage 

basin). The largest proportion of these 

loads were from the Des Plaines River 

Basin; yields of phosphorus from the 

Fox and Kankakee River Basins were 

not unusually high. (table 1).

* Significant downward trends in 

ammonia concentrations were observed 

at many sites, along with correlative 

increasing trends in nitrate. This 

opposite relation is consistent with the 

reversible capacity for transformation 

between the reduced form (ammonia) 

and the oxidized form (nitrate) and may 

be related to nitrification of wastewater 

effluents. 

* Trends in phosphorus were equally 

distributed between upward and 

downward trends. Upward trends were 

observed at three sites in the Des Plaines 

River Basin and one tributary to the Fox 

River. Downward trends were observed 

at one site in the Des Plaines (Du Page) 

River Basin and two in the Fox River 

Basin.

References:

Illinois Environmental Protection 

Agency, 1996, The condition of Illinois 

water resources, 1972-1996: IEPA 

Bureau of Water Report 96-067, 8 p.

Martin, J.D., Crawford, C.G., Frey, J.W., 

and Hodgkins, G.A., 1996, Waterquality assessment of the White River 

Basin, Indiana: Analysis of selected 

information on nutrients, 1980-92: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 96-4192, 91 p.

Schnoebelen, D.J., Becher, K.D., 

Bobier, M.W., and Wilton, T., in press, 

Selected nutrients and pesticides in 

streams of the Eastern Iowa Basins: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources 

Investigations Report 99-4028

Total

Nitrogen

N

EXPLANATION

GAGING STATION

TOTAL NITROGEN LOAD--

Width indicates relative

load

BASIN BOUNDARY

UNMONITORED STREAM

WIS.

ILL.

0

0 20 MILES

20 KILOMETERS

ILL. IND.

IND.

MICH.

Figure 3. Estimated total nitrogen loads 

in the upper Illinois River Basin.

Table 1. Comparison of loads and yields from selected watersheds in the upper Midwest

Station

name

Drainage area

(square miles)

Mean annual load

(tons per year)

Mean annual yield

(tons per square mile

per year)

Total

nitrite

plus

nitrate

Total

nitrogen

Total

phosphorus

Total

nitrite

plus

nitrate

Total

nitrogen

Total

phosphorus

Illinois River at

Ottawa, Ill.

10,949 65,000 91,800 5,410 5.9 8.4 0.49

Mississippi River

at the mouth of

Lake Pepina

a. Kroening, S.E., U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1999.

47,300 102,000 212,000 3,720 2.2 4.5 .08

White River at

Petersburg, Ind.b

b. Martin and others, 1996.

11,125 40,000 57,000 2,900 3.6 5.1 .26

Iowa River at

Wapello, Iowac

c. Schnoebelen and others, in press.

12,499 53,800 69,700 2,230 4.3 5.6 .18

Skunk River at

Augusta, Iowac

4,303 10,000 13,900 548 2.3 3.2 .13
6

The history of the Office of 

Water Resources can be traced back 

to 1823 when the Illinois Legislature 

formed the Illinois Michigan Canal 

Commission. The Office as it is 

known today was organized in 1917 

when the Civil Administrative Code 

combined the authorities of the 

Canal Commissioners, the Rivers 

and Lakes Commission and the 

Illinois Waterway Commission. The 

Foundational powers of the Office 

are covered by the Rivers, Lakes and 

Streams Act, which was passed in 

1911. The earliest activities of the 

Office concentrated on the Illinois 

River and other large river basin 

issues including flood control, 

public waters protection and navigation. The design of the navigation 

system that we have today on the 

Illinois River, as well as the construction of the locks and dams at 

Marseilles and Starved Rock, was 

accomplished by the Office of Water 

Resources before the State ran out of 

money for the system and turned it 

over to the Corps of Engineers. The 

Office of Water Resources currently 

operates under the authorities covered by more than 50 State statutes.

Under the authority of these 

statutes, the Office of Water 

Resources regulates construction 

within the floodways of rivers and 

streams; regulates construction of 

appropriate uses in designated flood 

ways in northeastern Illinois; allocates diversion of water from Lake 

Michigan; regulates construction in 

the shorewaters of Lake Michigan; 

protects public bodies of water from 

private encroachment and wrongful 

use; regulates dam safety; operates 

State locks and waterways; 

administers lands and waters of the 

Illinois Waterway and Kaskaskia 

River navigation project; coordinates 

the National Flood Insurance Program; plans the conservation of 

water resources; administers State 

water-supply storage ar Carlyle, 

Shelbyville, Rend and Kincaid 

Reservoirs; plans, and constructs 

projects to assist units of local government with urban flood damage 

reduction including acquisition of 

flood properties; represents Illinois 

in three river basin commissions and 

national organizations of water 

resources, flood-plain management, 

urban flood control and dam safety; 

and is the lead State agency for Federal urban flood control and navigation projects, State water planning, 

and State water laws and policies.

Water-resource data collection and mapping has always been a 

priority program of the Office of 

Water Resources. The first annual 

report of the agency, which was published in 1918, had a section entitled 

“Importance of Stream Gaging 

Records.” This report stated that 

“during the fiscal year ending June 

30, 1918, the Division of Waterways 

in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey maintained 25 gaging 

stations on the principal rivers in the 

State.”

Today, the Office of Water 

Resources is staffed by 106 personnel, including 75 technical staff, in 

Springfield, Chicago, and Schaumburg. With this staff the Office of 

Water Resources will continue to 

maintain its core regulatory and construction programs. In the future, the 

Office of Water Resources recognizes needs to address issues, laws, 

and programs to manage resource 

problems, such as instream-flow 

protection, drought management, 

ground-water development, expanding public-water supplies, innovative 

dredging and dam removals.

The Office of Water 

Resources works closely with the 

U.S. Geological Survey, Illinois 

District on a wide variety of projects, 

including the collection of waterresources records at over 150 

streamflow-gaging stations throughout Illinois.

COOPERATOR SPOTLIGHT

ILLINOIS DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES,

OFFICE OF WATER RESOURCES
7

Terry Ortel has been a 

hydrologist with the U.S. Geological 

Survey in Urbana, Illinois since June 

1997. He has been involved primarily in the development, application, 

and testing of a flood-simulation 

system for Salt Creek in Du Page 

County, Illinois. This work uses the 

recently released Generation and 

Analysis of Model Simulation 

Scenarios (GENSCN) interface, 

along with Hydrologic Simulation 

Program Fortran model (HSPF) and 

Full Equations (FEQ) for unsteadyflow routing models of the Salt 

Creek watershed. The floodsimulation system, which is being 

developed in cooperation with the 

Du Page County Department of 

Environmental Concerns, will be 

used by the county to help evaluate 

the effects of operations of an offline 

stormwater diversion reservoir based 

on forecasted rainfall amounts or 

creek stages. Terry also assists with 

the processing of real-time, surfacewater data collected by the Illinois 

District for display on the World 

Wide Web. In this role, Terry works 

with the hydrologists and hydrologic 

technicians, who install, operate, and 

maintain the data-collection network 

in the field and also with the personnel developing the Web applications 

to maintain the flow of data from the 

various field instruments to the Illinois District Web site 

(il.water.usgs.gov).

Before joining the U.S. 

Geological Survey, Terry worked for 

approximately a year in the dataprocessing department at the Waste 

Management Research Center in 

Champaign, Illinois. Prior to that, he 

worked at the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratories in Champaign, Illinois for approximately 4 

years. He was a member of a team 

working to evaluate the status and 

sustainability of military lands. This 

work entailed a long-term inventory 

and monitoring program at over 50 

military installations, in the United 

States and overseas. He worked 2 

years at the Illinois State Water Survey on various studies, primarily 

hydrologic and hydraulic modeling 

of the Fox River in Illinois and Wisconsin. He also worked at the South 

Florida Water Management District 

in West Palm Beach, Florida for 4 

years. While there, he was involved 

with drainage and water supply studies for the Everglades Agricultural 

Area, an approximately 900 square 

mile area south of Lake Okeechobee 

in southern Florida. He also assisted 

with data collection and analysis for 

studies related to the Kissimmee 

River Restoration project in Central 

Florida. Terry received his M.S. in 

Agricultural Engineering from 

Kansas State University in 1986, and 

his B.S. in Agricultural Engineering 

from Purdue University in 1984.

EMPLOYEE SPOTLIGHT

TERRY ORTEL, HYDROLOGIST, INVESTIGATIONS SECTION
8

——Compiled by D.M. Ayers

ILLINOIS DISTRICT

PUBLICATIONS

Listed below are publications that 

were recently published. District 

policy is to provide copies of our 

publications to requestors at no cost 

as long as the publication is in stock 

in the District office. To obtain copies of the following, or any other Illinois District publication, you may 

contact Donna Ayers at (217) 344-

0037, extension 3053 or by email at 

dmayers@usgs.gov.

FY 1999

WRIR 98-4268, Environmental Setting of the Upper Illinois River 

Basin and Implications for 

Water Quality, by Terri L. 

Arnold, Daniel J. Sullivan, 

Mitchell A. Harris, Faith A. 

Fitzpatrick, Barbara C. Scudder, 

Peter M. Ruhl, Dorothea W. 

Hanchar, and Jana S. Stewart

WRIR 98-4220, Potentiometric Levels and Water Quality in the 

Aquifers Underlying Belvidere, 

Illinois, 1993-96, by P.C. Mills, 

C.A. Thomas, T.A. Brown, D.J. 

Yeskis, and R.T. Kay

WRIR 98-4143, Areal studies aid 

protection of ground-water quality in Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin by Mills, P.C., Kay, R.T., 

Brown, T.A., and Yeskis, D.J.

WRIR 98-4087, Hydrology, water 

quality, and nutrient loads to the 

Bauman Park Lake, Cherry Valley, Winnebago County, Illinois, 

May 1996-April 1997 by R.T. 

Kay and Aaron Trugestaad

IL-98, Water Resources Data, 

Illinois, Water Year 1998 

(CDROM), by J.K. Latour, J.C. 

Maurer, T.L. Wicker, and J.M. 

Gioja

OFR 99-97, Estimated water withdrawals and use in Illinois, 1992, 

by C.F. Avery

OFR 98-640, Geology, hydrology, 

and results of tracer testing in 

the Galena-Platteville aquifer at 

a waste-disposal site near Byron,

 Illinois by Robert T. Kay, 

Douglas J. Yeskis, Scott T. 

Prinos, William S. Morrow, and 

Mark Vendel

OFR 98-390, Flood Tracking Chart 

for the Illinois River Basin by 

C.F. Avery, R.R. Holmes, Jr., 

and J.B. Sharpe

OFR 97-242, Geologic, hydrologic, 

and water-quality data from 

selected boreholes and wells in 

and near Belvidere, Illinois, 

1989-96, by P.C. Mills, D.J. 

Yeskis, and T.D. Straub

OFR 97-381, Geohydrology of the 

upper part of the GalenaPlatteville aquifer underlying a 

waste-disposal site near 

Wempletown, Illinois by 

S.M. Robinson and D.J. Yeskis

FS-137-99, Radium in ground water 

from public-water supplies in 

northern Illinois, by Kay, R.T.

FS-063-98, Water Withdrawls in 

Illinois, 1995 by C.F. Avery

Water quality assessment of glacial 

drift aquifers--Lower Illinois 

River Basin by Kelly L. Warner, 

Abstract published by the Iowa 

Groundwater Association, 1st, 

Joint Fall Conference held at the 

Airport Holiday Inn, Moline, 

Illinois on November 3, 1998

Uranium and radon in glacial drift 

aquifers of the lower Illinois 

River Basin by William S. 

Morrow, Abstract published by 

the Iowa Groundwater Association, 1st, Joint Fall Conference 

held at the Airport Holiday Inn, 

Moline, Illinois on November 3, 

1998

Do samples collected using borehole 

packers represent aquifer water 

quality? by P.C. Mills, D.J. 

Yeskis, and J.M. Rauman, 

Abstract published by the University of Illinois Water 

Resources Center, Conference 

held at the Holiday Inn Conference Center, Urbana, Illinois on 

November 16-17, 1998

FY 2000

WRIR 99-4229, Volatile Organic 

Compounds in Ground Water of 

the Lower Illinois River Basin, 

by William S. Morrow, Jr.

OFR 99-69, Water, Sediment, and 

Nutrient Budgets, and Bathymetric Survey of Old and New 

Gillespie Lakes, Macoupin 

County, Illinois, May 1996-

April 1997, by Gary P. Johnson
Name and Mailing Address

Please remove my name from the newsletter mailing list.

9

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U.S. Geological Survey

221 N. Broadway Ave., Suite 101

Urbana, Illinois 61801