U.S. Department of Justice 

Report to the Congress of the 
 

United States 
 

A Review of the Restrictions on 
 

Persons of Italian Ancestry During 
 

World War I1
 

November 2001 
 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

REPORT TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES 

A REVIEW OF THE RESTRICTIONS 
 

ON PERSONS OF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 
 

DURING WORLD WAR II 
 

OVERVIEW ......................................................... iv 
 

A. FINDINGSOF CONGRESS......................................... iv 
 

B.ROLEOFTHEATTORNEYGENERAL .................................. v 

I.~NTRODUCTION ....................................................... 1 
 

A.BACKGROUND................................................. 1 
 

B. ITALIANSIN AMERICA............................................ 1 
 

C.PRELUDETOWAR.............................................. 2 
 

II. A REVIEWOF THE WARTIMERESTRICTIONS................................. 4 
 

A. INITIALROUNDUP, TAKENINTO CUSTODY, DETAINEDOR INTERNED ........... 4 
 

B. INDIVIDUAL EXCLUSION PROGRAM................................... 9 

c. CURFEW, CONTRABAND, FEDERAL BUREAU OF 
 INVESTIGATIONRAIDS ON HOMES,

AND OTHER RESTRICTIONS................................... 15 

D. WARTIME IMPACT ON FISHERMENOF ITALIAN ANCESTRY................. 27 
 

E. WARTIME POLICY ON ALIENEMPLOYMENTIN THE UNITED STATES AND IMPACT ON 

RAILROAD WORKERS OF ITALIANANCESTRY....................... 37 
 

F.SUMMARY................................................... 42 
 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

APPENDICES 

A. Public Law 106-451I Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act 

B. Chronology of events 

C. 	 1. The names of persons of Italian ancestry taken into custody in the initial 

roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor and prior to the United 

States declaration of war against Italy 

2. The names of persons of Italian ancestry who were taken into custody 

D. The names and locations of persons of Italian ancestry who were interned 

E. 1. The names of persons of Italian ancestry ordered to move from 

designated areas under the Individual Exclusion Program and the names 

of persons of Italian ancestry who appeared before the Individual 

Exclusion Board, although it is unknown if an exclusion order was issued 

2. 	 The names of persons of Italian ancestry not subject to individual 

exclusion orders who were ordered to temporarily move from designated 

areas 

F. 	 The names of persons of Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, contraband, or 

other violations 

G. A list of ports from which fishermen of Italian ancestry were restricted 

H. 	 The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry who were prevented from fishing in 

prohibited zones 

I. The names of persons of Italian ancestry whose boats were confiscated 

J. The names of railroad workers of Italian ancestry prevented from working in 

prohibited zones 

K. 	 A list of wartime restrictions on persons of Italian ancestry as a result of 

Executive Order 9066 

L. Laws, Orders, and Proclamations 

1. Executive Order No. 9066,7 Fed. Reg. 1407 (February 25, 1942) 

.. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

2. 	 Act of March 21, 1942, ch. 191, 56 Stat. 173 (providing penalties for 
 

violations of military restrictions) (Public Law 77-503) 
 

3. 	 Presidential Proclamation No. 2525, 6 Fed. Reg. 6321, 55 Stat. 1700 
 

(December 7, 1941) 
 

4. 	 Presidential Proclamation No. 2526, 6 Fed. Reg. 6323, 55 Stat. 1705 
 

(December 8, 1941) 
 

5. Presidential Proclamation No. 2527, 6 Fed. Reg. 6324, 55 Stat. 1707 
 

(December 8, 1941) 

M. Names and locations of historical records reviewed 

N. Other sources 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

OVERVIEW 

On November 7, 2000, the “Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties 

Act” (the “Act”) was signed into law (see Appendix A). Section 3 of the Act directs the 

Attorney General to submit to Congress within a year of enactment, a report that 

documents the findings of “a comprehensive review of the treatment by the United 

States Government of Italian Americans during World War 11.” 

Introduced in the House of Representativeson July 1, 1999, by Representatives 

Rick Lazio and Eliot Engel, H.R. 2442 was subsequently referred on September 24, 

1999 to the House Judiciary Committee, Subcommittee on the Constitution. Eighty-six 

members of the House signed on as co-sponsors, and a hearing was held on October 

26, 1999, at which ten witnesses testified. 

The House of Representatives passed H.R. 2442 without amendment on 

November IO, 1999 and referred the bill to the Senate. On September 28, 2000, H.R. 

2442 was reported out of the Senate Judiciary Committee, with amendments, and 

passed the Senate with amendments on October 19,2000. 

On October 24,2000, the House agreed to the Senate amendments, and H.R. 

2442 was presented to the President for signature on October 26, 2000. Former 

President William J. Clinton signed the legislation into law on November 7, 2000. 

This report is a review of the World War Il-era restrictions imposed on individuals 

of Italian ancestry. After describing the provisions of Public Law 106-451 and the 

findings of Congress, the report addresses arrests, detentions, internments, the 

exclusion of individuals from military zones, the imposition of curfews, raids on homes, 

the confiscation of property, and the effects on fishermen and railroad workers, all within 

the context of wartime orders, proclamations, and directives. The appendices to this 

report include lists required to be provided by the Act, as well as references to archival 

material relied upon and sources of additional information useful to the reader. 

A. FINDINGSOF CONGRESS 

As a result of its investigation and consideration of H.R. 2442, Congress 

presented its findings in Section 2 of the Act: 

(1) The freedom of more than 600,000 Italian-born immigrants in the United 

States and their families was restricted during World War II by Government 

measures that branded them “enemy aliens” and included carrying identification 

cards, travel restrictions, and seizure of personal property. 

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UNITEDSTATES DEPARTMENT OFJUSTICE

(2) During World War II more than 10,000 Italian Americans on the West 

Coast were forced to leave their homes and prohibited from entering 

coastal zones. More than 50,000 were subjected to curfews. 

(3) During World War II thousands of Italian American immigrantswere 

arrested, and hundreds were interned in military camps. 

(4) Hundreds of thousands of Italian Americans performedexemplary 

service and thousands sacrificed their lives in the defense of the United 

States. 

(5) At the time, Italians were the largest foreign-born group in the United 

States, and today are the fifth largest immigrant group in the United 

States, numbering approximately 15 million. 

(6) The impact of the wartime experience was devastating to Italian 

American communities in the United States, and its effects are still being 

felt. 

(7) A deliberate policy kept these measures from the public during the 

war. Even 50 years later much information is still classified, the full story 

remains unknown to the public, and it has never been acknowledged in 

any official capacity by the United States Government. 

B. ROLEOF THE ATTORNEYGENERAL 

This report is prepared pursuant to Section 3 of the Act which directs the 

Attorney General to 

conduct a comprehensive review of the treatment by the United States 

Government of Italian Americans during World War II, and not later than 

1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act shall submit to the 

Congress a report that documents the findings of such review. The 

report shall cover the period between September 1, 1939, and December 

31, 1945, and shall include the following: 

(1) The names of all Italian Americans who were taken into custody in the 

initial roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor, and prior to the 

United States declaration of war against Italy. [Appendix C.11 

(2) The names of all Italian Americans who were taken into custody. 

[Appendix C.21 

(3) The names of all Italian Americans who were interned and the 

location where they were interned. [Appendix D] 

(4) The names of all Italian Americans who were ordered to move out of 

designated areas under the United States Army’s “Individual Exclusion 

Program.” [Appendix E.11 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

(5) The names of all ItalianAmericans who were arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations under the authority of Executive Order No. 

9066. [Appendix F] 

(6) Documentation of Federal Bureau of Investigation raids on the homes 

of Italian Americans. [See infra pp. 15-25] 

(7) A list of ports from which ItalianAmerican fishermen were restricted. 

[Appendix GI 

(8) The names of ItalianAmerican fishermen who were prevented from 

fishing in prohibited zones and therefore unable to pursue their 

livelihoods. [Appendix HI 

(9) The names of ItalianAmericans whose boats were confiscated. 

[Appendix I] 

(10) The names of ItalianAmerican railroadworkers who were prevented 

from working in prohibited zones. [Appendix J] 

(1 1) A list of all civil liberties infringements suffered by Italian Americans 

during World War II, as a result of Executive Order No. 9066, including 

internment, hearings without benefit of counsel, illegal searches and 

seizures, travel restrictions,enemy alien registrationrequirements, 

employment restrictions, confiscation of property, and forced evacuation 

from homes. [Appendix K] 

(12) An explanation of whether ItalianAmericans were subjected to civil 

liberties infringements as a result of Executive Order No. 9066, and if so, 

why other Italian Americans were not. [See infra pp. 25-27] 

(13) A review of the wartime restrictionson Italian Americans to 

determine how civil libertiescan be better protected during national 

emergencies. [See infra pp. 42-44] 

This report is confined to addressing these issues. At the outset, however, the following 

should be noted: 

a 	 In addition to the compilation of various lists as documentary evidence of 

restrictions during World War II, this report provides a narrative description 

of the various types of restrictions, integrated with personal recollections 

as appropriate. The narrative is intended to provide a context for the lists 

of names and should not serve as a substitute for a review of the 

secondary sources that deal with this period and address these issues 

more thoroughly. 

0 The legislative history discusses the experiences of Italian aliens residing 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

in the United States, but the Act itself uses the term “Italian American,” 

which could be interpreted as United States citizens of Italian origin. 

Since the research sources often did not distinguish between citizens and 

aliens, this report will reference “persons of Italian ancestry” and will 

distinguish between citizens and aliens wherever possible. 

0 	 The phrase “taken into custody,” which is used in subsections (1) and (2) 

of Section 3 of the Act, could range from internment and extended 

detention to arrest and prompt release. In many cases, individuals were 

technically “arrested” and directed to report to the United States Attorney’s 

Office at a designated time for questioning; these individuals, on the basis 

of such arrests, were not in actual custody. The lists of names appended 

to this report distinguish, wherever possible, the type of arrest or custody 

involved, but, in instances where the historical record is inconclusive, will 

err on the side of inclusion. 

0 	 Subsection 4 of Section 3 of the Act addresses the Individual Exclusion 

Program, and the report distinguishes between that formal program and 

evacuations from designated defense zones. Although the Act does not 

require a list of persons of Italian ancestry temporarily evacuated from 

their homes who did not receive individual exclusion orders, Appendix E.2 

includes such a list drawn primarily from personal interviews. 

0 	 Subsection 5 of Section 3 of the Act addresses arrests based on 

Executive Order No. 9066, which was not issued until February 19, 1942. 

Appendix F includes additional names based on arrests prior to that date, 

for example, between December 7, 1941, and February 19,1942. These 

arrests were pursuant to Presidential Proclamations 2525, 2526, and 

2527, and other federal government laws and regulations affecting the 

rights of aliens. 

0 	 Subsection 7 of Section 3 of the Act concerns a list of ports from which 

Italian-Americanfishermen were restricted. All naval districts imposed 

port restrictions on the rights of certain aliens, including Italian aliens. 

0 	 Subsection 8 of Section 3 of the Act concerns a list of Italian-American 

fishermen prevented from fishing in prohibited zones. In fact, the 

imposition of restrictions on venturing into restricted waters applied to all 

vessels, whether commercial or pleasure crafts, without respect to 

citizenship status. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

a Subsection 9 of Section 3 of the Act uses the term “confiscated” with 

respect to fishing vessels. In fact, boats were requisitioned by the federal 

government, either through charter or purchase. Only rarely were fishing 

boats (or pleasure boats) confiscated, and then only for repeated 

incursions into prohibited waters. 

In preparing this report, the Department of Justice conducted extensive research 

of government documents held by federal repositories in Washington, D.C., Maryland, 

California, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts,and consulted with archivists at many 

other locations to determine the likelihood of identifying relevant materials among their 

holdings. These facilities maintain federal records retired from civilian and military 

agencies of the government. The federal records are organized typically by record 

group and entry numbers and are contained in consecutively-numbered boxes. The 

records within each box, usually official memoranda, bulletins, forms, and reports issued 

by federal agencies or officials, but sometimes letters or other documents from private 

citizens or groups, may be organized by subtopic, by date, by office, or in some other 

fashion not readily discernible. The type of organization is determined by the methods 

employed by the creators of the documents, by those responsible for retiring the records 

to the National Archives, or, under the best circumstances, after a review by archivists 

and the creation of detailed “finding aids.” Furthermore, a document may be an original 

with the signature of the originating official on onion skin or bond paper, or a 

mimeographed copy. The record might be fully intact, missing pages, or barely legible 

due to age and the durability of the medium. Some records had been destroyed. At 

times, we reviewed records that appeared promising based on their description yet they 

contained nothing of significance, while other records only remotely connected to the 

topic occasionally yielded more useful information. 

While the Department of Justice has been able to construct through official 

documents a chronology of federal actions taken against those of Italian ancestry, the 

nature of the records and recordkeeping,as well as the amount of time that has elapsed 

since the records were created, made the compilation of definitive lists as required by 

the Act difficult. The lists contained in the Appendix often constitute the aggregation of 

fragments of documentary evidence. It would, therefore, be incorrect to assert that no 

additional fragments exist that would reveal the names of other individuals affected. 

The military and civilian agency records reviewed by the Department, constituting 

well over a thousand boxes, primarily at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. and 

College Park, Maryland, but also at regional archives on the East and West coasts, and 

at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, are set forth in Appendix M to this report. 

In addition to archival research,the Department gathered information from 

... 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOFJUSTICE 

dozens of individuals concerning their personal experiences and those of family 

members through workshops in Oakland, California, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 

telephone interviews; responses to website solicitations; the issuance of a formal press 

release for distribution to the media; close work with community leaders and Italian 

American organizations, such as the National Italian American Foundation and the Sons 

of Italy, to disseminate information about the Act and to identify possible contacts; and 

invaluable assistance from private researchers, particularly Lawrence DiStasi, Rose 

Scherini, and Robert Enea, whose efforts in this area preceded by many years our own 

and whose knowledge was indispensable. 

Finally, the research and preparation of this report could not have been 

accomplished without the cooperation and assistance of archivists, historians, 

researchers, and the people whose personal stories are reflected here. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

REPORTO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES 

A REVIEWOF THE RESTRICTIONS 

ON PERSONS OF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 

DURINGWORLDWARII 

1. INTRODUCTION 

A. BACKGROUND 

On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, plunging the United States 

into war. To that point, the United States, while neutral, had provided assistance to its 

western allies and had prepared for the eventuality which had finally come. Among 

these preparations were ensuring domestic security through the regulation and patrol of 

its coastal areas and the identification and control of dangerous elements sympathetic 

to the Axis powers. With the United States’ declaration of war, these activities 

dramatically increased and, in some quarters, reached a fevered pitch. 

This report details how actions by the federal government immediately prior to 

and during World War II affected thousands of persons of Italian ancestry residing in the 

United States. The purpose of this report is to bring these events to light and to clarify 

the historical record. 

B. ITALIANS IN AMERICA 

Italians have been immigratingto the United States for centuries, settling near 

their family and friends from their home villages, who helped the newcomers find work. 

Enormous numbers lived in the Italian communities formed in their main port of entry: 

New York City’s Greenwich Village, East Harlem, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and eventually 

Queens, Staten Island, and beyond. Depending on their village of origin, others moved 

on, as they could afford it, to similar clusters of Italian immigrants in South Philadelphia, 

Boston’s North End, Bridgeport and New Haven in Connecticut, Providence, Chicago, 

Detroit, Cleveland, St. Louis, Denver, San Francisco, and every large city in between. 

They worked as pick and shovel men building roads, railroads, sewers, and the New 

York City subway. They labored as garment workers, bricklayers, concrete finishers, 

and garbage men (known in the West as “scavengers”). The more skilled among them 

found jobs or opened businesses as barbers, tailors, hairdressers, undertakers, 

butchers, or as importers of traditional foods. Some found work as truck farmers or 

fishermen. During the peak years of 1900 through 1914, nearly three million persons of 

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Italian ancestry left their homeland.1’ Some also faced deep prejudice -a hostility 

toward and fear of immigrants. This contributed to the passage of the Immigration Act 

of 19242’ which set quotas for each country of origin. 

c. PRELUDE TO WAR 

For United States government agencies, the likelihood of another global conflict 

had long been anticipated and plans were drawn for battles on foreign soil and to 

secure the homefront. Most significantly for persons of Italian descent, in 1936, J. 

Edgar Hoover, as head of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, began planning for 

domestic measures to be taken against those with roots in the anticipated enemy 

nations. Director Hoover issued orders to make collecting information about any 

communist, fascist, or subversive individualsor organizations the highest priority and 

emphasized that all information was to be collected from all sources possible.” 

By 1939, the Federal Bureau of Investigation had assembled information on large 

numbers of individuals, many of whom were of foreign extraction.4’ Director Hoover 

assured the United States Congress that his lists were arranged not only alphabetically 

but geographically as well-suggesting the capability to apprehend such people 

quickly.5‘ 

In June 1939, President Roosevelt directed the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 

the Military Intelligence Division of the War Department, and the Office of Naval 

Intelligence of the Navy Department to control and to handle the investigation of all 

espionage, counter-espionage, and sabotage matters.6’ Information gathered by the 

Federal Bureau of Investigationwas subsequently provided to the Department of 

Justice, and the Custodial Detention Program was established in 1940 and 1941. As 

1’Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1970,Part 1. United States Department of 

Commerce, Bureau of the Census, at 105. 

2’8U.S.C. 201 (43Stat. 153)(repealed 1952). 

2’ “Supplementary Detailed Staff Reports on IntelligenceActivities and the Rights of Americans,” book 3, 

Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Government Operations with Respect to Intelligence 

Activities, S.Rep. No. 94-755,at 396 (1976)[hereinafter Final Reporfl. 

3’ Memorandumfrom Attorney General Frank Murphy, to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, June 17,1939. 

2’ Emergency Supplemental Appropriation Bill for 1940:Hearing before the Subcommittee on 

Appropriations, 76‘hCong., 3d Sess., at 304 (1939)(statement of J. Edgar Hoover, Director, Federal 

Bureau of Investigation). 

6’ Final Report, supra note 3,at 402-403.In fact, Director Hoover and President Roosevelt met as early as 

1936to discuss foreign espionage; the meeting dealt almost exclusively with Communist activities. !&. at 

393-395.See Memorandumfrom President Roosevelt, to Secretary of State, et al., June 28,1939. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

part of the program, a list was created of those enemy aliens deemed “dangerous,” 

highlighting those to be arrested and interned in the event of war, as well as those to be 

pIaced under surveiIIance.I/ 

The Federal Bureau of Investigationdrew up a list of those thought to be security 

risks to the nation. This list, known as the “ABC list,” separated security risks into three 

categories of severity. The most dangerous, Category A, comprised those thought to 

have the greatest commitment to their nation of birth by reason of their leadership in 

ethnic, cultural, or assistance organizations. Those persons in Category B were under 

less suspicion and may have simply belonged to those organizations. Persons in 

Category C were known to support those organizations in some As Attorney 

General Francis Biddle later admitted, there were two problems with the lists: (1) it was 

difficult to distinguish ethnic affiliation from disloyalty, and (2) it was difficult to justify 

detention on the basis of suspicion or affiliation. 

In World War I and again in World War II, the United States government 

concluded that any immigrant who had failed to complete the citizenship process was 

henceforth an “alien enemy”?’of the United States and subject to appropriate sanctions, 

including the detention of persons and the confiscation of property. According to the 

Immigration and Naturalization Service,B’ 

the declaration of war effects a great transformation in the status of aliens who are designated as 

alien enemies. These individualsthen technically lose all their constitutional rights and privileges, 

and find that “what others [do] confidently and of right, they [do] by sufferance and doubtfully, 

uncertain of the restrictions of the morrow.” 

Established on July 3, 1941, the Office of the Provost Marshal General was 

responsible for domestic operations relating to prisoners of war and enemy aliens, thus 

granting to the military from civilian authority the control and internment of civilians. 

Initial arrests would be undertaken by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, a division of 

the Department of Justice, and their initial custody and the determination of their 

release, parole, or internment would remain within the jurisdiction of the Department of 

Justice. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (also a component of the 

I‘ Final Report, supra note 3, at 417-422. 

E’ Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, Personal Justice Denied. Washington, 

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1997, at 54 [hereinafterPersonal Justice Denied]. See generally Peter 

Irons, Justice at War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983, at 21-22. 

2’ Government documents and secondary sources refer to “enemy aliens” and to “alien enemies.” In most 

instances this report uses the term “enemy aliens” when discussing that category of individual. 

s’Thomas D. McDermott, “Aliens of Enemy Nationality.”lNS Training Lecture (May 13, 1943) at 5 

[hereinafter INS Training Lecture]. Quote from Techt v. Hunhes, 229 N.Y. 222, 236, 128 N.E. 185189 

(1920). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

Department of Justice) had, in fact, already set up facilities and procedures for interning 

enemy nationals, such as merchant seamen from captured foreign ships.=’ The 

Immigration and Naturalization Service controlled camps at Fort Stanton, New Mexico; 

Fort Lincoln, North Dakota; and Fort Missoula, Montana.2’ 

All male resident aliens who were ordered interned were transferred to the 

custody of the Army.u’ Thus, the Aliens’ Division of the Office of the Provost Marshal 

General within the War Department, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service 

within the Department of Justice, were to supply locations and staff for first detention 

(Immigration and Naturalization Service), and then internment (Office of the Provost 

Marshal General) for male civilians, For women, the Immigration and Naturalization 

Service would maintain control of both detention and 

11. A REVIEWOF THE WARTIME RESTRICTIONS 

A. INITIAL ROUNDUP, TAKEN INTO CUSTODY, DETAINEDOR INTERNED 

Within hours of the declaration of war on Japan, President Roosevelt issued 

Proclamation 2525, aimed at aliens with roots in that enemy nation, stating that “an 

invasion has been perpetrated upon the territory of the United States by the Empire of 

Japan.”E’ All natives, citizens, denizens, or subjects of Japan fourteen years of age or 

over who were in the United States and not naturalized had become enemy aliens, 

subject to all regulations concerning such persons, including the immediate 

apprehension of those determined dangerous by the Attorney General or the Secretary 

of War. The following day, December 8, 1941, two more presidential proclamations, 

Proclamations 2526 and 2527, were issued to cover German and Italian aliens.%’ 

11’Hugh Carter, et al. U.S. Dept. of Justice, Immigrationand Naturalization Service, General Research 

Unit. Administrative History ofthe lmmigration and Naturalization Service during World War 11. Aug. 19, 

1946, at 288 [hereinafterAdministrative History].For purposes of this report, captured foreign seamen are 

not included in compiled lists or discussion of internees. 

c’-Id. at 286-288.

g’ PresidentialProclamation No. 2525, 6 Fed. Reg. 6321, 55 Stat. 1700 (Dec. 7, 1941). 

E’PresidentialProclamation No. 2526, 6 Fed. Reg. 6323, 55 Stat. 1705 (Dec. 8, 1941); Presidential 

ProclamationNo. 2527,6 Fed. Reg. 6324, 55 Stat. 1707 (Dec. 8, 1941). These proclamations are 

discussed in more detail in Section C.2.b of this report, below. 

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The Federal Bureau of Investigationbegan arresting aliens on the lists, including 

permanent resident aliens of Italian descent, on the evening of December 7, 1941. 

Attorney General Biddle stated that Federal Bureau of Investigation Director Hoover 

was authorized to pick up several hundred persons without warrants on an emergency 

basis, although the general procedure authorized the Federal Bureau of Investigationto 

make arrests with warrants issued by the Department of Justice.17/ Thus, some Italian 

aliens were arrested prior to the declaration of war against Italy and before Presidential 

Proclamation 2527 designated Italians as “alien enemies.” Filippo Molinari, who sold 

subscriptions to the Italian-American newspaper L’Italia in San Jose, California, was 

picked up on the night of the attack on Pearl Harbor and taken into custody. Within 

days, 500 aliens of different ancestries were on a train with darkened windows bound 

for Missoula, Montana. There, Molinari made his way “over the snow, still with slippers 

on [his] feet, the temperature at seventeen below and no coat or heavy clothes!”B’ 

Raids were made upon scores of persons of Italian descent, most but not all of 

them aliens, in the days immediately following the attack on Pearl Harbor. Persons 

generally were not told the specific reason for the raid, only that their arrest was “by 

order of President Roosevelt.”E’ 

Arrests in other parts of the country followed a similar pattern. In New York City, 

Louis Berizzi’s family was awakened on the night of December 8, 1941 by Federal 

Bureau of Investigation agents, who searched the apartment and took Berizzi away. 

His daughter later described that night: 20/ 

We were all sound asleep. My father was in his pajamas; they told him to get dressed, as 

they had orders to take him away. No explanation was given. They would not divulge 

where they were taking him. They stayed in his bedroom while he dressed, so we had no 

time to speak to him privately. They did not even give him time to gather personal effects 

or toiletries. I believe it took several days [for us] to find out that he had been taken to Ellis 

Island. We were pretty shaken . . . . Several days after his arrest, we learned that my 

father’s office at Rockefeller Plaza had been locked and sealed by the Enemy Alien 

Custodian, and all my father’s assets were blocked. In time we learned that when my 

E’ Francis Biddle. In BriefAuthority, New York, NY: Doubleday, 1962, at 206. By December IO, 1941, 

Hoover had taken into custody: 1,291 Japanese, 857 Germans, and 147 Italians. Personal Justice Denied, 

supra note 8, at 55. 

I!?’ Rose Scherini, “When Italian Americans Were “Enemy Aliens.” Una Storia Segreta: The Secret History 

of ltalian American Evacuation and lnfernment During World War /I. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: 

Heyday Books, 2001, at 13. 

g’Lucetta Berizzi Drypolcher, “Orders to Take Him Away.” Una Storia Segreta: The Secret History of 

ltalian American Evacuation and lnfernment During World War /I. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: 

Heyday Books, 2001, at 217. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

brother’s tuition was due at Lehigh College, we had to petition the Enemy Alien [Property] 

Custodian for the money to pay for it . . . . 

Also in New York, celebrated international opera star, Ezio Pinza, who had filed 

for citizenship, was arrested and confined at Ellis Island. Only through the intervention 

of Mayor La Guardia and the persistenceof his wife, Doris, was he permitted a second 

hearing. While the charges were never disclosed, it appeared that the information 

against him was based on the unsubstantiatedaccusations of a single individual that 

were rebutted by more credible witnesses during the second hearing. While he went on 

to gain his citizenship and to add to his international acclaim, the toll on his wife and 

family was immeasurable.’?! 

Filippo Fordelone, a radio broadcaster in Los Angeles, was one of forty-eight 

enemy aliens in that area arrested in the initial roundup. His wife faced financial 

hardship while caring for three young daughters-?”/(like the Berizzi’s, the Fordelone’s 

bank account was frozen under the authority of the Trading with the Enemy Act). Later, 

she found that Fordelone was interned at Fort Missoula, Montana. 

In Hawaii, at about the same time, Mario Valdastri, a naturalized United States 

citizen, was taken to a large barred room in Honolulu with several other detainees. 

After a brief hearing, Mario Valdastri was ordered interned and shipped to the mainland 

“with only the Hawaiian clothes he had.”z/ Apparently, he stuffed newspapers in his 

clothes in an effort to keep warm. Although Proclamation 2527 was confined to aliens 

of Italian descent, both Valdastri’s experience and government documents reveal 

exceptions. 

Public opinion played a role in the actions of federal agencies. The Immigration 

and Naturalization Service’s administrative history reveals that these apprehensions:g/ 

served two important purposes: [they] assured the public that our government was taking 

firm steps to look after the internal safety of the nation, thereby preventing the growth of 

war hysteria; and it took out of circulation men and women whose loyalty to the United 

States was doubtful and who might therefore commit some inimical act against the nation 

if permitted their freedom. 

21’ Telephone Interview with Doris Pinza, wife of Ezio Pinza (Mar. 26, 2001). 

22’ Gloria Ricci Lothrop, “Unwelcome in Freedom’s Land.” Una Storia Segrefa: The Secret History of lfalian 

American Evacuation and lnfernment During World War I/. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: Heyday 

Books, 2001, at 168; Trading with the Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. app. 1 (1917). 

z’Mario Valdastri, Jr., “Two Men in Suits.” Una Sforia Segrefa: The Secret History of Italian American 

Evacuation and lnfernmenf During World War I/. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: Heyday Books, 

2001, at 153-54. 

24’ Adminisfrafive History, supra note 11, at 278. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

According to policy established by the Department of Justice and the War 

Department in November 1941, a person “under alien enemy proceedings” was not to 

be interned until he had been given a hearing.25/The policy required that the suspect 

alien would be arrested by a Federal Bureau of Investigationfield office-which sent a 

report of the arrest to both the Alien Enemy Control Office of the Immigration and 

Naturalization Service and the corresponding office of the Provost Marshal 

General-taken to an Immigration and NaturalizationService facility, and detained there 

temporarily pending a hearing by a local board which would then make its 

recommendation. 

The hearing boards consisted of three civilians from the locality where the 

arrested person lived. The board was charged with reading or hearing evidence 

presented to it by the Federal Bureau of Investigation,listening to evidence presented 

by the apprehended alien, questioning him or her, and making one of three 

recommendations to the Attorney General: immediate release, release on parole, or 

internment. In the first six months of the war, approximately one-half of the Italian aliens 

arrested by the Federal Bureau of Investigationwere either released or paroled while 

half were interned.26’ As the war continued, the ranks of those interned were swelled by 

longshoremen, waiters, drifters, fishermen, and farmworkers. Some may have violated 

immigration or registration laws, while others may have been the target of a neighbor‘s 

suspicion. 

lllidio DiBugnara spent two months in the hospital shortly after arriving at the 

McAlester Internment Camp with an ailment he described as some form of stomach 

trouble. And Prosper0 Cecconi developed stomach ulcers, first at the internment camp 

in Missoula, Montana, and then upon his release in San Francisco. As testified to by his 

daughter, Cecconi considered the requirementsof his parole a continuing humiliation, 

especially because he felt he had done nothing wrong. Eventually, Cecconi did secure 

his citizenship and was reunited with his wife and chiIdren.21’ 

Members of internee families suffered in varying degrees. Aside from the loss of 

the family breadwinner and the loss of a father at a critical time in a child’s life, some felt 

the stigma associated with internment directly. Lucetta Berizzi Drypolcher remembers 

the shock of her father’s arrest and the necessity of moving to a smaller apartment. 

She also remembers being questioned at her father’s hearing about her trips to Italy and 

the reason she spoke French and Italian so well. Lucetta explained that she had had a 

a INS Training Lecture, supra note 10, at 28-29. 

g’ United States Department of Justice, Press Release (June 3, 1942). As of May 30, 1942, 362 Italians 

were apprehended, 151 were interned, 120 were paroled, and 84 were released. 

21’ Interview with Doris Giuliotti (Apr. 4, 2001). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

French governess at one time and spoke Italian with her parents; both languages were 

further reinforced in classes at her school. In fact, while her skill in languages 

represented an advantage in her professional life, it was a handicap during the war 

years, as she recounts:28/ 

At the time of my father’s internment I had a job at Saks Fifth Avenue. I was a 

salesperson and worked in different departments at first. I would also be called upon to 

escort customers who did not speak English, so my languages were useful in helping 

people to shop; “subversive” I don’t think they were. Nonetheless, the FBI showed up at 

Saks one day and I was called up to the personnel office. The meeting did not take very 

long, but I was subsequently fired. I guess they found what I was doing suspicious. 

Lucetta Berizzi was able to find another job, but the suspicion that attached to an 

internee, regardless of its basis, often carried over to family and friends. 

Concern over the low threshold for inclusion on the Custodial Detention Index 

was expressed in a memorandum sent to Director Hoover by Attorney General Francis 

Biddle on July 6, 1943, urging the Federal Bureau of Investigation Director to abolish 

the Custodial Detention Index:2g/ 

The Department fulfills its proper functions by investigatingthe activities of persons who 

may have violated the law. It is not aided in this work by classifying persons as to 

dangerousness . . . it is now clear to me that this classificationsystem is inherently 

unreliable.The evidence used for the purpose of making the classificationswas 

inadequate; the standards applied to the evidence for the purpose of making the 

classificationswere defective; and finally, the notion that it is possible to make a valid 

determination as to how dangerous a person is in the abstract and without reference to 

time, environment, and other relevant circumstances is impractical, unwise, and 

dangerous. . . . 

Jerre Mangione, who worked for the Immigration and Naturalization Service 

during the war years, later described his inspection tour of the internment camps by 

stating that “[tlhe war had thrust us into the shameful position of locking up people for 

their beIiefs.”g/ 

g’ Drypolcher, supra note 20, at 218-19. 

E’ Memorandum from Attorney General Francis Biddle, to Hugh 6. Cox and J. Edgar Hoover (July 16, 

1943). 

E’Jerre Mangione, “Concentration Camps, American Style.” An Ethnic at Large: A Memoir of America in 

the Thirties and Forties. New York: Putnam, 1978, at 352. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

B. INDIVIDUAL EXCLUSION PROGRAM

From the very first days of America’s entry into World War II in December 1941, 

the Western Defense Command, under Lt. General John DeWitt, planned to remove all 

Japanese, German, and Italian enemy aliens from what is known as the Pacific Slopethe enormous area that stretches from the Pacific Ocean to the Sierra Nevada 

mountains. The full plan was tabled when the government decided to remove all 

persons of Japanese ancestry, including native-born citizens, from California and 

portions of Arizona, Oregon, and Washington, but it was never abandoned. As stated in 

its report, “Individual Exclusion Program of Non-Japanese,”z/ 

WDC [Western Defense Command] believed that it was going to be necessary to remove 

all enemy aliens from certain vital sections of the Pacific Coast, regardlessof their country 

of origin. At the time Executive Order 9066 was drawn up early in February 1942, it was 

still the intent that not only the Japanese but also the German and Italian aliens would 

have to be excluded. 

Within a very short time, Lt. General Hugh Drum of the Eastern Defense Command 

announced that “mass evacuation [was] not contemplated” and said that evacuations 

would be conducted on a selective basis for those enemy aliens or persons determined 

to be “dangerous.”Z’ To secure the agreement of Lt. General DeWitt and the Western 

Defense Command, the War Department offered a substitute plan which was agreed to 

by the Department of Justice:%/ 

By April 1942, the CG [Commanding General], WDC Western Defense Command] had 

agreed with the War Department not to hold a mass evacuation of the Germans and 

Italians provided he be granted the power to individually exclude members of these 

groups or members of any other groups, whether citizen or alien, from the critical area 

upon finding the individual was potentially dangerous. 

The Western Defense Command and the War Department maintained that there 

were dangerous persons, both aliens and naturalized citizens with roots in Italy and 

Germany, whose presence in critical zones along the coast constituted an unacceptable 

risk of sabotage or espionage. Lt. General DeWitt issued Public Proclamation No. 1 on 

March 2, 1942, which designated as Military Area No. 1 a broad coastal strip of land 

that encompassed the western portions of California, Oregon, and Washington, and the 

2’ Western Defense Command, “Individual Exclusion Program of Non-Japanese.” Supplemental Report on 

Civilian Controls Exercised by Western Defense Command. (Jan. 1947) at 836 [hereinafter WDC 

Supplemental Report]. See also Memorandumfrom Lt. General J. L. DeWitt, to Secretary of War (Feb. 

14, 1942), in Final Report: Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast 1942,Washington, D.C. Gov’t. 

Printing Office, 1943, at 33-38. 

2’New England Dark A//Along Coasts, N.Y. Times, Apr. 27, 1942, at 1, 3. 

2‘WDC Supplemental Report, supra note 31, at 838. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

southern half of Arizona. Soon, all persons of Japanese origin would be removed from 

that ocean-to-mountain-zone. Eventually, some aliens of Italian origin would also be 

forced to vacate that zone. 

On March 21, 1942, Congress passed, and the President signed, Public Law 77­

503 (commonly known as Public Law 503), imposing misdemeanor penalties on anyone 

violating the military orders to be issued.34’The bill affected American citizens, the first 

native-born Japanese-Americans, and later those naturalized citizens of Italian and 

German descent who were individually excluded. During consideration of the bill, 

Senator Robert Taft of Ohio questioned its peacetime constitutionality:s’ 

I have no doubt that in peacetime no man could ever be convicted under it, because the 

court would find that it was so indefiniteand so uncertain that it could not be enforced 

under the Constitution. 

Nevertheless, Senator Taft supported the bill, and President Roosevelt signed it into 

law. The program for exclusion was now in place. The Army would issue 

proclamations of exclusion (or evacuation) from areas it declared “sensitive,” and the 

Justice Department would enforce those proclamationsthrough the courts. 

Assistant Secretary of War John McCloy clarified the purposes of the exclusion 

program and indicated that individualswere to be excluded primarily for one of two 

reasons: Individuals were to be excluded either because of suspicion of the individual, 

which would also prohibit him from entering other military areas, or because of the 

sensitivity of the area where he resided, which would not prohibit him from entering 

other military areas.%’ 

The exclusions began on or about September 1, 1942. The procedures under 

the program, as outlined by the Western Defense Command in its report, began when 

the intelligence division of the military command, in this case the Western Defense 

Command, consulted the Federal Bureau of Investigationand the Office of Naval 

Intelligence to determine who should be recommended for exclusion. A summary of the 

intelligence information available would then be provided to the Individual Exclusion 

Board. This hearing board was made up of three military officers of field grade, and 

they would set the case for a hearing. The individual was served with a notice by mail 

that provided the time and place of the hearing. The hearings were typically held in 

major cities, such as Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego. At 

Act of March 21, 1942, ch. 191, 56 Stat. 173 (providing penalties for violations of military restrictions) 

[hereinafter Public Law 5031. 

E’ 88 Congressional Record 2726 (1942). 

36’ Letter from John McCloy, Assistant Secretary of War, to Lt. General DeWitt (July 20, 1942), in Individual 

Exclusion Order Procedure Correspondence. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

the hearings, subjects were asked to fill out a lengthy questionnaire, they were sworn in, 

and they were instructed as to their rights. Each subject (and his attorney if he had one) 

“was informed in general of the evidence being considered in his case.” Moreover, “[a]ll 

confidential sources were, of course, not disclosed nor were the names of informants or 

informers given to the subject.”37’ Subjects were then questioned about matters known 

to the board from the intelligence reports. After the hearing, the board made its 

recommendationto exclude or not to exclude, sent it for approval to the Civil Affairs 

Division (CAD) for review, and then contacted the United States Attorneys in the 

subjects’ areas of residence for their recommendations. 

The entire file, with recommendations,was sent to the Commanding General of 

the Defense Command for his final decision. If the Commanding General decided to 

exclude the individual, the person was “served with notice in the form of an exclusion 

order and notified where to appear for the necessary processing.” This processing 

included being photographed and fingerprinted so that these documents could be sent 

to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The excludee was then advised “on matters 

relating to his property and his transportation from the exclusion area,” and given help, if 

he needed it, to remove himself by the target date. He was then “placed under 

surveillance until his departure from the exclusion area.”38/ 

The Western Defense Command’s Supplementary Report stated that the 

subjects and their attorneys were informed, in general, of the evidence being 

considered. Although the Western Defense Command report appears to indicate that 

excludees were allowed legal representation, the form letter notifying persons of the 

hearing stated: “You may be accompanied by counsel to act only as your personal 

advisor. He will not be heard by the Board nor be permitted to examine witnesses.”39/ 

In Nino Guttadauro’s case, such restrictions left him on his own before the 

military hearing board, which convened, according to his son Angelo’s account, “in 

Room 483 of San Francisco’s Whitcomb Hotel at 9:30a.m. on Tuesday, 8 September 

1942.”a’ With Federal Bureau of Investigationaccounts of his activities in San 

Francisco as evidence against him-Guttadauro was an accountant who worked often 

for the Italian consulate, and was also, as a World War I veteran, the president of the 

z’This information is summarized from the eleven steps outlined in the WDC Supplemental Report, supra 

note 31, at 839-841. Quoted material is from the same report. 

2’HeadquartersWestern Defense Command and Fourth Army, Individual Exclusion Hearing Board, 

Notificationof Hearing, Form Letter. 

*’Angelo deGuttadauro, “Exclusion is a Four-Letter Word.” Una Storia Segreta: The Secret History of 

Italian American Evacuation and lnternment During World War /I. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: 

Heyday Books, 2001, at 158. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

San Francisco branch of the Federation of Italian World War Veterans, or ExCombattenti-Guttadauro was unable to provide the board with enough “mitigating 

factors” to counter the charge that his presence in California constituted a danger to 

public safety. At 10:18 a.m. on September 29, 1942, he was served with Individual 

Exclusion Order F-I, demanding that he remove himself not just from Military Area No. 

1, but from several other military areas as well, including some twenty-nine states from 

Connecticut to North Carolina, from Vermont to Virginia, and parts of Alabama, New 

Mexico, Mississippi, and Texas4‘/ Guttadaurowas ordered to report two days later to 

Major Ray Ashworth for processing and to inform the Western Defense Command “in 

writing the time of your departure, initial and ultimate destinations, route to be followed, 

and means of travel; upon arrival at ultimate destination, you will report in person the 

fact of your arrival and your address at such destination to the Special Agent in Charge 

of the nearest office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Department of Justice.”g’ 

These notification and reporting requirements remained in effect whenever Guttadauro 

traveled outside of his community or changed his place of residence. 

Guttadauro’s travel and changes of residence would be frequent in the next two 

years. Like many other excludees from San Francisco, Guttadauro traveled first to 

Reno, Nevada, which was the nearest large city out of the excluded zone. According to 

his son’s account, Guttadauro found it impossible to find work in his field of accounting 

because he had to let potential employers know of his exclusion. As a result, “the first 

job he was able to find following the exclusion was as a grocery clerk in Salt Lake City, 

Utah. This economic disruption and hardship, as well as the psychological scars, 

remained with my father for the rest of his life.”s’ Guttadauro’swife and two children 

followed him to Reno and beyond, renting housing at high costs because of their 

transient status. As his son Angelo put it, “We had become, by military fiat, a family of 

involuntary gypsies.”%’ Nino Guttadauro’s exclusion lasted until March 13, 1944, at 

which time he received a letter from the Western Defense Command rescinding the 

original exclusion order. 

According to its Supplementary Report, the Western Defense Command heard 

some 335 exclusion cases between September 1942 and April 1943. These resulted in 

the exclusion of 174 persons, of which some two dozen were of Italian descent, most 

from northern California, with a few cases from Los Angeles and San Diego. 

Nationwide, according to a Preliminary Report on Individual Exclusion prepared for 

Attorney General Biddle by Director Edward Ennis of the Alien Enemy Control Unit, 

fi’-Id. at 159. 

g’-Id. at 159-60.

9’ -Id. at 160. 

44‘ -Id. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

there were, as of August 7, 1943, some 263 exclusion orders issued by the 

Commanding Generals of the Eastern, Western, and Southern Military Commands. 

With some 154 additional cases pending, this brought the total number of exclusion 

cases reviewed or in process to 417.s’ 

As noted above, some two dozen persons of Italian ancestry were ordered to 

remove themselves by order of the Commanding General, Western Defense Command. 

Most went to Reno, where a small community of excludees gathered. Among them was 

Ettore Patrizi, the former publisher of San Francisco’s Italian newspaper. A major figure 

in San Francisco’s Italian community for nearly fifty years, and a United States citizen 

for thirty of those years, Patrizi was seventy-six-yearsold and in the Dante Hospital 

when he received his exclusion order dated September 28, 1942.@’ Since many 

notable citizens tried to intercede for him on grounds of age and illness, the Army 

conceded him ten additional days but insisted he leave within this time period or within 

twenty-four hours of his discharge from the hospital. Because of failing health he was 

allowed to return to San Francisco in October 1943, but he died within a year.471 

Renzo Turco also complied without protest to his exclusion order by closing his 

law office and, with his wife, moving to Chicago. Like Guttadauro, he had difficulty 

finding employment-again, because the requirementto report weekly to the Federal 

Bureau of Investigation as a “potentially dangerous” person made it difficult to convince 

employers of one’s trustworthiness-until, through friends, he was able to land a job as 

an auditor for the Internal Revenue Service. In November 1943, he tried, through 

Senator Hiram Johnson, to have his exclusion order modified so that he could work in 

Washington, D.C.; his request was denied and the exclusion order continued.%’ 

The case of Sylvester Andriano is notable because of the special attention he 

received. Andriano was a prominent San Francisco lawyer, having served as the head 

of a draft board, as an elected member of the board of supervisors, and as an appointed 

S’ Alien Enemy Control Unit, Preliminary Report on Study of lndividual Exclusion Order Cases. August, 

1943 at 2-3 [hereinafter Preliminary Repoq. Figures compiled by other researchers vary, but generally 

agree with those above. Personal Justice Denied concluded that relativelyfew people suffered individual 

exclusions and noted that between August 1942 and July 1943,174 people had been excluded in the 

Western Defense Command, 59 in the Eastern Defense Command, and 21 in the Southern Defense 

Command. Personal Justice Denied, supra note 8, at 288. These figures indicate that the Western 

Defense Command excluded by far the largest number, both as a total, and as a percentage of its alien 

population. 

s’ Headquarters Western Defense Command and Fourth Army, Individual Exclusion Order A-7, to Ettore 

Patrizi, 2700 Pierce St., San Francisco, CA (Sept. 28, 1942). Patrizifile. 

c’Scherini, supra note 18, at 23. 

S’Letter from John W. Martyn, Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of War, to Senator Hiram 

Johnson (Nov. 30, 1943). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

member of the police commission. He was also active in the Italian-American 

community, serving as director of the Italian-languageschool in North Beach, and as a 

board member of the Italian Chamber of Commerce. The latter positions brought him to 

the attention of the Federal Bureau of Investigationand later the Western Defense 

Command, and he was ordered excluded from Military Area No. 1 on September 28, 

1942. He moved to Chicago and found work there. However, in March 1943, Andriano 

ignored his exclusion order with a trip back into Military Area No. 1 to see his ailing 

mother. This set off a singular conflict between the Western Defense Command and 

Attorney General Francis Biddle, which brought the entire Individual Exclusion Program 

into question and reignited the longstanding conflict between the two departments 

responsible for civilian control-the Justice and War Departments:%’ 

Early in 1943, the Attorney General, Mr. Biddle, began to show signs of an unwillingness 

to prosecute for violations of the orders. He took the attitude that he alone was the one to 

judge whether or not a violation should be prosecuted, and further, went so far as to state 

that he considered the procedure unconstitutional and, as such, refused to test the matter 

in the courts. 

From the beginning, the Attorney General had expressed grave doubts about 

both the necessity and the legality of the exclusion program demanded by the military. 

Therefore, he refused, as Lt. General DeWitt had charged in the Andriano case, to 

prosecute certain cases of violators. In a memo to President Roosevelt on April 17, 

1943, the Attorney General made his deep reservations about the entire program 

cIear9‘ 

We have not approved the Army procedure, which does not permit the persons excluded 

-American citizens -to confront witnesses before the Military Tribunal. This is against 

a fundamental conception of constitutional rights. Prosecution would have little practical 

effect. Bail would be granted and the individuals would go on living where they chose until 

the cases were ultimately decided by the Supreme Court. If the Army believes that they 

are dangerous they have the express power to exclude them under the Executive Order. 

In August 1943, Director Edward Ennis, Alien Enemy Control Unit, sent the 

Preliminary Report on Exclusion to the Attorney General to evaluate the exclusion 

program and determine its effectiveness in internal security and the removal of persons 

g’ WDC Supplemental Report, supra note 31, at 853. Memorandumfrom Attorney General Biddle, to 

President Roosevelt (Apr. 17, 1943); Memorandum from President Roosevelt, to Attorney General Biddle 

(Apr. 7, 1943); Letter from Secretary of War Stimson, to President Roosevelt (March 31, 1943); Letter from 

Attorney General Biddle, to President Roosevelt (Mar. 30, 1943); Memorandum from Attorney General 

Biddle, to President Roosevelt (Mar. 30, 1943); and Letter from Attorney General Biddle, to President 

Roosevelt (Jan. 27, 1943). 

2’ Memorandumfrom Attorney General Biddle, to President Roosevelt (Apr. 17, 1943). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

thought to be dangerous in particular areas.a’ Findings similar to those presented in the 

Preliminary Report appeared in the September 1943 Supplemental Report on the 

Exclusion Program, which reviewed 100 cases where orders were issued: There was no 

positive correlation between the exclusions and the concentration of essential defense 

facilities; there was no correlation between the exclusions per state and the enemy-alien 

population of that state; and the determination that a person presented a significant 

security problem was conducted in an unsatisfactory manner.=’ 

c. CURFEW, CONTRABAND, FEDERAL BUREAU OF lNVESTlGATlON

RAIDS ON HOMES,AND OTHER RESTRICTIONS 

1. INTRODUCTION 

During the war, thousands of Italian, Japanese, and German aliens were 

subjected to restrictions based on their ancestry and were affected by, but not 

necessarily arrested for, violations of wartime restrictions. This section will discuss the 

various types of restrictions imposed on persons of Italian ancestry, whether or not they 

were arrested, and will also address the pertinent laws, orders, regulations, and 

proclamations related to the treatment of enemy aliens during World War II. 

Additionally, as required by Section 3, Subsection 12 of the Act, this section will provide 

an explanation as to why some persons of Italian ancestry were subjected to restrictions 

and others were not. 

2. LEGALAUTHORITIES 

a. Executive Order 9066 

On February 19,1942, ten weeks after the attack on Pearl Harbor, President 

Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, giving the Secretary of War and military 

commanders to whom he delegated authority the power to exclude any and all 

persons-both citizens and aliens-from designated “military areas” to ensure security 

against sabotage and espionage. The Executive Order authorized the Secretary of War 

to take any other steps deemed appropriate to enforce compliance with the restrictions 

applicable to each military area, includingthe use of federal troops and other federal 

2’Preliminary Report, supra note 45, at 1. However, this was only a study of 100 cases, 60 with orders 

entered and 40 cases under review. In September 1943, a supplemental report was issued which noted 

that a final reportwas to be issued to review the last 163 cases. See Alien Enemy Control Unit, 

Supplement to Preliminary Report on Study of lndividual Exclusion Order Cases. Sept. 1943, at 19. 

[hereinafter Supplement) Despite extensive research, the Department of Justice was unable to locate the 

final report and relies for this portion of the report on the preliminary and supplemental reportswhich 

reviewed less than half of the cases where exclusion orders were issued. 

=’ Supplement, supra note 51, at 5, 17 and 19. 

15 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

agencies.3’ Congress passed Public Law 77-503 to provide criminal penalties for 

violations of the military proclamations issued pursuant to Executive Order 9066.z’ 

b. 	 Alien Enemy Act and Presidential Proclamations 2525,2526, and 

2527 

Immediately following the outbreak of war, but prior to the issuance of Executive 

Order 9066, several other laws and proclamations imposed restrictions upon Italian 

aliens. One of the most prominent, the Alien Enemy Act of 1798, granted the President 

of the United States broad powers to deal with enemy aliens during wartime.%/ Under 

this Act, as amended, the president can limit the activities of enemy aliens by imposing 

travel and curfew restrictions and also deprive aliens from access to and the possession 

of firearms, cameras, and radios.=’ 

On December 7, 1941, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, President 

Roosevelt implemented the Alien Enemy Act . On the same day, under the authority of 

that Act, President Roosevelt issued Presidential Proclamation 2525 levying restrictions 

and regulations against Japanese aliens and unnaturalized persons of Japanese birth 

who were classified as enemy a1iens.z’ The proclamation designated the Attorney 

General and the Secretary of War to regulate the conduct of enemy aliens; to set out 

regulations prohibiting enemy aliens from specific areas; and to prohibit alien enemies 

from possessing or controlling numerous items, including firearms, bombs, ammunition, 

short-wave radio receiving sets, and cameras. It additionally set forth thirteen 

paragraphs of restrictions related to Japanese aliens. 

On December 8, 1941, President Roosevelt issued similar proclamations 

regulating conduct of German and Italian aliens-Proclamations 2526 and 2527, 

respectively-out of concern for an invasion or predatory incursion threatened upon the 

2’Executive Order No. 9066, 7 Fed. Reg. 1407 (Feb. 25, 1942). 

2‘ Public Law 503, supra note 34. 

551 Alien Enemies Act of 1798, ch. 66, 1 Stat. 577 (current version at 50 U.S.C. 92). 

56’ The Act was used by President Madison “to force the widespread removal of aliens from coastal areas 

during the War of 1812.” See Eduardo Robreno, “Learning to do Justice: An Essay on the Development of 

the Lower Federal Courts in the Early Years of the Republic,” 29 Rutgers L.J. 555, fn.142. President 

Wilson also used the Act in 1917. See Presidential Proclamation, 40 Stat 1650 (Apr. 6, 1917). It has not 

been used in every war or conflict, such as the KoreanWar or during Vietnam, since neither of these 

conflicts followed formal declarationsof war. 

E’ PresidentialProclamation No.2525, 6 Fed. Reg. 6321, 55 Stat 1700 (Dec. 7, 1941). 

16 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

United States by Germany and Italy.”/ Proclamation 2526 designated German citizens, 

denizens, natives, and subjects who were 14 years of age and older as enemy aliens 

and authorized the Attorney General and Secretary of War to regulate the conduct of 

these individuals. It also incorporated by reference all the restrictions listed in 

Proclamation 2525. Proclamation 2527 was identical to Proclamation 2526 except that 

it applied to natives, citizens, subjects, and denizens of Italy. 

On January 14, 1942, President Roosevelt issued supplemental restrictions to 

those imposed on alien enemies under Proclamations2525,2526, and 2527.g’ The 

new restrictions required all enemy aliens to apply for, to acquire, and to carry at all 

times, certificates of identification. 

c. Department of Justice Regulations and Restrictions 

On February 5, 1942, the Department of Justice issued regulations on travel and 

other conduct of enemy aliens.%’ Enemy aliens were allowed to travel within the limits 

of the community in which they lived or in which they worked, between their residences 

and places of work, between their residences and places of worship, and between their 

residences and government agencies. However, the aliens were required to file travel 

documents indicating their names, addresses, intended destinations and purpose of 

trips, mode of transportation, and intended return dates. These statements were filed 

with the local United States Attorney who would maintain a copy and also forward a 

copy to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Under these regulations, enemy aliens 

were also prohibited from possessingor having access to specified property. The most 

frequent items confiscated were radio transmitters, short-wave radio sets, cameras, and 

firearms. The regulations required the immediate deposit of prohibited articles with local 

police who would transfer the articles to the United States Marshals.G11Although many 

E’Presidential Proclamation No. 2526, 6. Fed. Reg. 6323, 55 Stat. 1705 (Dec. 8, 1941); and Presidential 

Proclalmation No. 2527, 6 F.R. 6324, 55 Stat 1707 (Dec. 8, 1941), respectively. 

E’Presidential Proclamation No. 2537, 7 Fed. Reg. 329 (Jan. 17, 1942); Interview with Dr. Rocco Gigante 

(May 22, 2001), who had his mother’s original certificate of identification. 

60’Regulations Controlling Travel and Other Conduct of Aliens of Enemy Nationalities, 7 Fed. Reg. 844 

(Feb. 10, 1942). 

E’ The most pertinent provisions are set forth below. !&. at 844-847. 

Sections 4 and 5 -- Set out restrictions on the ability of aliens of enemy nationalities to travel within 

the country. 

Section 6 -- Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from arranging or attendingany flight of any 

nature in an airplane or other aircraft. 

Section 7 -- Restricted aliens of enemy nationalities from changing their residence, employment, 

or name subject to giving notice to the United States Attorney seven days in advance with an explanation 

as to the reasons for the change. In the case of a change of name, immediate notice had to be given to 

the Alien Registration Division of Immigration and Naturalization Service and the Federal Bureau of 

17 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

aliens of Italian ancestry had American-born children who served on active military duty 

during the war, they were nevertheless subject to these restrictions. Later, aliens 

whose children served in the military were exempted from many of the restrictions. 

These regulations also excluded aliens from subsequently-designatedareas. On 

February 14, 1942, they were amended to specify areas from which aliens were to be 

excluded, including sixty-eight areas in California, twenty-four areas in Oregon, and 

seven areas in Washington.@’ 

d. Department of Justice Press Releases 

In addition, the Attorney General issued a succession of press releases during 

World War II that announced the designation of areas in the western United States as 

Investigation immediately after the change took place. 

Section 8 -- Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from using, operating, possessing, or having 

in their custody or control at any time or place any radio transmitter. 

Section 9 -- Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from using, operating, or possessing any 

short-wave radio receiving set, except by permission of the United States Attorney. 

Section 10 -- Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from using, operating, or possessing any 

cameras, with exceptions. This section permitted aliens to retain studio cameras with permission by local 

authorities. The United States Attorney could authorize aliens to retain cameras where use of a camera 

was necessary for the regular and customary mode of earning a living and where it appeared that the 

grant of permission would not be detrimental to national security. 

Section 11 -- Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from using or possessingfirearms. Under 

extraordinary and exceptional circumstances, the United States Attorney could grant permissionfor aliens 

to use or possess firearms. 

Section 12 -- Aliens of enemy nationalities had a duty to deposit all short-wave receiving sets, 

cameras, firearms, and any other prohibited articles with the local police authorities in the communities 

where they resided. 

Section 13 -- Local authorities were directed to take custody of such prohibitedarticles and notify 

the United States Marshal in their respective districts in writing that they had accepted custody of the 

prohibited articles. Upon receipt of such notification, the United States Marshal was directed to take 

possession and inventory the items. 

Section 14 -- Sets out the process for the United States Attorney to authorize release of deposited 

articles. 

Section 15 -- Prohibited and Restricted Areas: Prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from 

residing, entering, remaining, or being found in any area designated as “prohibited” by the Attorney 

General of the United States. This provision also prohibited aliens of enemy nationalities from entering 

restricted areas with the exception that permits could be issued to such aliens under prescribed 

conditions. 

Section 16 -- Violation of Regulations: Aliens of enemy nationalities who failed to comply with 

these regulations were subject to apprehension, detention, and internment for the duration of the war. 

These same penalties applied to aliens of enemy nationalities who aided, abetted, counseled, 

commanded, induced, or procured another alien of enemy nationality to violate the regulations. Any 

prohibited articles possessed by aliens of enemy nationalities were subject to summary seizure and 

forfeiture. 

g’7 Fed. Reg. 1084 (Feb. 19,1942). 

18 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUST\CE 

prohibited zones and exclusion areas. The following summarizes the major 

announcements of exclusion and restrictions affecting aliens of Italian, German, and 

Japanese ancestry and Japanese-Americancitizens. 

0 	 On January 29,1942,the Attorney General announced the designation of 

areas of the West Coast as prohibited areas from which all German, 

Italian, and Japanese enemy aliens were excluded. Prohibited Area No. 

19 included parts of the San Francisco waterfront. Prohibited Area No. 33 

included parts of Los Angeles. Enemy aliens were to evacuate these 

areas by February 24,1942.The Attorney General stated that the 

exclusion of enemy aliens from these areas would aid national defense 

and protect the aliens themselves.@’ 

0 	 On January 31,1942,the Attorney General announced sixty-nine 

additional areas in California from which all enemy aliens were to be 

excluded on and after February 15,1942.@’ 

0 	 On February 2, 1942,the Attorney General announced fifteen additional 

areas in California from which all enemy aliens were to be excluded on or 

after February 24,1942.E’ 

0 	 On February 4,1942,the Attorney General announced that seven areas in 

Washington and twenty-four areas in Oregon were declared prohibited to 

Japanese, German, and Italian aliens. Under the new regulations, no 

alien could be found within these designated areas on and after February 

15,1942.B’ 
 

The Attorney General’s announcementswere based on recommendations made by the 

War Department. There were already eighty-six areas in California declared prohibited 

to German, Italian, and Japanese aliens, and in twelve others curfew restrictions had 

been imposed. 

a 	 On February 4,1942,the Attorney General also announced that the entire 

coastline of California from the Oregon border south to a point 

approximately fifty miles north of Los Angeles and extending inland for 

distances varying from thirty to one hundred and fifty miles, had been 

E’ Press Release No. 6, U.S. Department of Justice (Jan. 29, 1942). 

E’ Press Release No. 7, U.S. Department of Justice (Jan. 31, 1942). 

E’ Press Release No. 8, U.S. Department of Justice (Feb. 2, 1942). 

E’Press Release No. 9, U.S. Department of Justice (Feb. 4, 1942). 

19 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

declared a “restricted area” for all enemy aliens. Eleven other areas 

immediately surrounding certain hydroelectricgenerating plants 

throughout the State had been designated as restricted areas. He also 

announced new restrictionsthat became effective February 24, 1942, 

which required all Japanese, German, and Italian aliens living in the 

restricted areas (1) to be in their place of residence between 9 p.m. and 6 

a.m.; (2) to be, at all other times during the day, only at their place of 

residence or employment as indicated on their certificates of identification, 

or to be going between those two places or within a distance of not more 

than five miles from their place of residence; and (3) if found in any other 

place than that indicated above, to be subject to apprehension and 

internment.S-I’ 

United States Attorneys could authorize exceptions to these restrictions for a compelling 

reason and after completing an investigation. This regulation also distinguished 

between “restricted” areas and “prohibited” areas. Enemy aliens were barred from 

prohibited areas. They could remain in restricted areas but had to observe curfews and 

other specific restrictions. 

0 	 On February 7, 1942, the Attorney General designated eighteen prohibited 

areas in the State of Arizona from which all aliens of German, Italian, and 

Japanese nationality were excluded after February 24, 1942.@’ 

e. Military Proclamations 

Lt. General DeWitt as Commanding General of the Western Defense Command, 

which encompassed Washington, Oregon, California, Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, 

Arizona, and Alaska, issued Public Proclamation No. 1 on March 2, 1942 under the 

authority of Executive Order 9066, which established Military Areas Nos. 1 and 2.@‘ 

Public Proclamation No. 1 designated ninety-nine zones in Military Area No. 1 and 

noted that individuals may be excluded from those zones in the future. It further 

required all Japanese, German, and Italian aliens, and any Japanese-American citizen 

who resided in Military Area No. 1, to file forms with the post office when they changed 

their address. It also expressly continued the prohibited and restricted areas previously 

67’Press Release No. 10, U.S. Department of Justice (Feb. 4, 1942). 

E’ Press Release No. 11, U.S. Department of Justice (Feb. 7, 1942). 

E’ Military Area No. 1 encompassed the western halves of Washington, Oregon, and California, and the 

southern half of Arizona, while Military Area No.2 included the remaining portions of those states. Public 

Proclamation No. 1, Western Defense Command, Mar. 2, 1942. 

20 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

designated by the Attorney Genera1.n’ Public Proclamation No. 3, issued on March 24, 

1942, established a curfew requiring all enemy aliens and persons of Japanese 

ancestry living in any of these areas to be in their homes between 8:OO p.m. and 6:OO 

a.m. This restriction was similar to the curfew regulations established by the Attorney 

General. During the spring of 1942, numerous public proclamations were announced 

by the United States Army setting out the specific terms for excluding and restricting 

enemy aliens from parts of the western United States. 

Subsequently, the Western Defense Command issued rules regarding temporary 

exemptions from the travel and curfew provisions of Public Proclamation No. 3 in Public 

Proclamation No. 11.g‘These rules authorized the issuance of permits for certain 

temporary exemptions from travel and curfew restrictions under Public Proclamation No. 

3. 

f. Trading with the Enemy Act 

Under the Trading with the Enemy Act, enacted in 1917, the President was given 

broad discretion to impose trade embargoes and other economic restrictions in times of 

war or peacetime emergencies. Congress authorized the President to prohibit certain 

transactions with designated countries in an effort to advance foreign policy goalsm 

3’ Public Proclamation No. 2, issued on March 16, 1942 by Lt. General DeWitt, CommandingGeneral of 

the Western Defense Command, designated additional Military Areas Nos. 3, 4, 5, and 6, in Idaho, 

Montana, Nevada, and Utah, respectively, and described zones in those states. It also required all Italian, 

German, Japanese aliens, and people of Japanese ancestry to file a “Change of Residence Notice” at the 

post office between one and five days before the change of residence. 

c’Public Proclamation No. 11, Western Defense Command, Aug. 18, 1942. Additionally, Public 

Proclamation No. 5 exempted classes of individualsfrom the exclusion and evacuation program. These 

classes included Italian aliens over the age of 70, and Italian parents, spouses, or children of officers, 

enlisted men, or commissioned nurses on active duty in the military services or who died in the line of duty 

since December 7, 1941. Public Proclamation No. 5, Western Defense Command, March 30, 1942. This 

exemption came too late for one family. An interview with the children of Mrs. Teresa Sabatini revealed 

that their mother, as an alien, was required to evacuate from Alameda, California because she was too 

close to the naval shipyard. After moving several blocks away, she was again requiredto move further 

from the shipyard. Thus, the entire family moved to East Oakland, California even though her son, Remo, 

was on active duty with the United States Army. Interviewwith Rem0 Sabatini and Mary Sabatini 

Kearney, April 7,2001. 

g’50 U.S.C. app. $1 et seq. The Act has been traditionally used as an economic self-defenseweapon. 

Section 5(b) of the Act authorizes the President to issue regulations during a period of war to prohibit 

“transactions involving any property in which any foreign country or a national thereof has any interest, by 

any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.” The main 

objectives of the Act are to prevent the enemy from using any property it owns or controls in the United 

States, to make that property available for use by the United States, and to weaken enemy countries by 

depriving their supporters of the ability to aid them through trading. 

21 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

g. Applicable Laws Ending the Wartime Restrictions 

In recognition of the fact that Italian immigrants and citizens were loyal to the 

United States, the enemy-alien restrictionswere lifted for those of Italian ancestry in 

less than a year. The Attorney General made the announcement in New York City on 

October 12, 1942.s’ 

Public Proclamation 24 was issued on September 4, 1945. With Japan’s 

surrender, the proclamation removed the restrictions imposed within designated areas 

of the Western Defense Command. The proclamation rescinded all individual exclusion 

orders, public proclamations, and civilian restrictive orders entered during the period of 

war.e‘ 

Additionally, on December 7, 1945, President Harry S. Truman signed 

Presidential Proclamation 2674, which revoked specific regulations related to the 

possession of certain prohibited articles and travel by enemy aliens under Presidential 

Proclamations 2525, 2526, and 2527.3’ 

3. FEDERALRESTRICTIONS 

a. Arrests and Curfew Restrictions 

The curfew restrictions under Proclamation 2527 and Justice regulations 

disrupted lives and affected livelihoods. Italian railroad employees, for example, were 

temporarily removed from their positions because of the curfew and travel restrictions 

while others were transferred to positions in different areas that were not subject to 

these restrictions. 

A review of thousands of pages of documents revealed 354 arrests for curfew 

violations, over 85 percent of which occurred in California. Many of these records 

reflected that the person found violating the curfew was given a warning and then 

allowed to return home, or was directed to make a subsequent appointment at the 

police station or at a United States Attorney’s Office to be questioned.76/ 

c’See Public Proclamation No. 13, Western Defense Command, Oct. 19, 1942. 

E’ Public Proclamation No. 24, Western Defense Command, Sept. 4, 1945. 

E’ Presidential Proclamation No. 2674, 10 Fed. Reg. 14945 (Dec. 7, 1945). 

76’Analysis by the Department of Justice of archived Federal Bureau of Investigation documents. In the 

San Francisco area, for example, staff of the Department of Justice interviewed several persons in the 

San Francisco area who specifically indicated that they or their family members had been affected by the 

curfew restrictions. Interviews with Anna Alberti, Betty Allegrotti, Bob Birgini, Ken Borelli, Anthony 

Damato, Gina Gianelli, Lola Gianelli, John Gianbanchero, Albert Giordano, Norma Giordano, Josephine 

22 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

b. Searches and Contraband Confiscations 

Enemy aliens were not allowed to possess contraband items, including firearms 

or weapons of war, short-wave radio receiving and sending sets, cameras, or other 

items that were essentially instruments of possible espionage and/or sabotage. The 

confiscation of such contraband officially began with the issuance of Proclamation 2527 

after the war broke out, but the War Department believed the Justice Department’s 

implementationwas moving at too slow a pace, including the area of search and 

seizure.=’ 

Under pressure from the Army, the Department of Justice and the Federal 

Bureau of Investigation developed procedures for raiding enemy-alien homes. The 

Attorney General was firm from the beginningthat search warrants were to be issued 

only when probable cause was found. The Army, specifically the Western Defense 

Command under Lt. General DeWitt, maintained that being an enemy alien during a 

time of war constituted probable cause. Initially, Attorney General Biddle rejected the 

argument as a whole, but the Justice Department and the Western Defense Command 

reached a compromise in January 1942 whereby, “All enemy aliens were to deposit 

prohibited articles with the local police within a few days, and merely being an enemy 

alien would be sufficient cause for a search.”n’ 

Search warrants were issued allowing Federal Bureau of Investigation agents to 

search the homes and residences of aliens for possession of contraband items. United 

States Attorneys also had the authority to issue “Executive Search Warrants” allowing 

Federal Bureau of Investigation special agents to search the premises of enemy aliens 

believed to possess prohibited articles. During the first week of the war, the Federal 

Bureau of Investigation applied directly to the Department of Justice for warrants. After 

the first week, the system changed such that the Federal Bureau of Investigation 

submitted evidence to the United States Attorney of the district in which the suspected 

enemy alien lived or was present. If the United States Attorney thought the evidence 

warranted a search for contraband, he or she would apply to the Alien Enemy Control 

Unit for the warrant. In addition, United States Attorneys were authorized to issue 

special “Presidential Warrants” for the apprehension of enemy aliens believed to 

possess such items. In most cases, enemy aliens found possessing prohibited articles 

were apprehended, questioned, and released because the violations did not present a 

Guttadauro, Mary Lou Brignolo Harris, Albert Nicolotti, Sergio Ottino, Louie Pandolfo, Anita Perata, Rem0 

Sabatini, Alfred Sanguinetti, Rose Scudero, and Richard Vannucci (Apr. 6 and 7, 2001). 

c’Personal Justice Denied, supra note 8,at 61-63, which also provided further details and background. 

2’-Id. at 62.

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

danger to national security. Occasionally,the alien appeared before an Alien Enemy 

Hearing Board.79/ 

Records indicate spot searches were conducted in almost 2,900 Italian homes 

across the nation. As a result, 1,632 individuals had contraband confiscated.g’ 

Roughly two-thirds of these searches were conducted in just four states: New York and 

Pennsylvaniaon the East Coast, California on the West Coast, and Louisiana along the 

Gulf of Mexico.g’/ In these four states, 1,907 searches of Italian-Americanhomes were 

conducted, resulting in 1,077 instances of contraband confiscation. The coastal 

locations of New York Harbor, San Francisco Bay, and New Orleans were apparently 

determining factors in the concentration of raids. Nationwide, the confiscation rate 

averaged 56%, although Massachusettsand Louisiana had higher rates. A majority of 

searches were conducted on the East Coast.821 

C. Other Restrictions 

Earlier in this report, the detention and internment of Italians were discussed at 

length. Enemy aliens who were determined dangerous to the public safety were made 

subject to summary apprehension by an authorized officer of the Department of Justice. 

Enemy aliens were also restricted from entering areas surrounding forts, camps, 

arsenals, airports, electric or power plants, docks, piers, railroad terminal, depots, yards, 

and other storage facilities.83/ 

Furthermore, aliens were unable to change residences or jobs without complying 

with regulations of the Attorney General and filing the required change of address notice 

or change of employment form. They were required to carry certificates of identification 

at all times. In a small number of instances, individuals were questioned about 

infractions and were required to correct them within a specified period of time. Records 

revealed 442 violations, including failures to file a change of residence card, failures to 

obtain a travel permit, and failures to obtain a certificate of identity. Almost 500 persons 

2’1942 Att‘y Gen. Ann. Rep. 219-20,220. 

E’ Analysis by the Department of Justice of archived Federal Bureau of Investigation documents. 

El’ The 1940 census records indicate 1,623,580 United States resident aliens of Italian descent at that 

time. New York and Pennsylvania had the highest Italian populations of any states at 584,075 and 

197,281 respectively, and California was fifth at 100,911. United States Census, 1940. Table 36 -

Foreign-Born White by Country of Birth, by Divisions and States. 

E’It is noteworthy that of the 306 raids in Louisiana, 304 uncovered contraband. Analysis by the 

Department of Justice of archived Federal Bureau of Investigation documents. 

E’ Presidential Proclamation No. 2527, supra note 58. 

24 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

were also questioned, either at their homes or offices, but were not arrested or taken 

into custody.84/ 

4. EXECUTIVEORDER 9066 AND ITALIAN AMERICANS 

On February 19,1942,President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, 

authorizing military areas from which persons could be excluded:@ 

[b]y virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, and 

Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I hereby authorize and direct the secretary of 

war, and the military commanders whom he may from time to time designate, whenever 

he or any designated commander deems such actions necessary or desirable, to 

prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate military 

commanders may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded, and with 

such respect to which, the right of any person to enter, remain in, or leave shall be subject 

to whatever restrictions the secretary of war or the appropriate military commander may 

impose in his discretion . . . . 

Lt. General DeWitt, Commander of the Western Defense Command, imposed 

stricter restrictions on Italian enemy aliens in his area on the West Coast than did the 

commanders of the Eastern or Southern Defense Commands, ostensibly because of its 

proximity to Pearl Harbor and a general fear that the Japanese Navy might attack the 

continental United States. As discussed in greater detail above, Lt. General DeWitt 

issued numerous proclamations for the West Coast which established prohibited and 

restricted military areas, required persons to be excluded from defined areas, and 

imposed curfew and travel restrictions and other requirements. 

Although Italian enemy aliens generally observed the orders excluding them from 

prohibited zones, several cases of curfew violations were reported. At least ten persons 

of Italian ancestry were arrested in Los Angeles for curfew violations in June 1942,B’ 

while over three-hundred persons were arrested for curfew violations in California 

throughout the war.g’ 

E’ Analysis by the Department of Justice of archived Federal Bureau of Investigation documents. 

Executive Order No. 9066, supra note 53. See Appendix L.2 for copy of Executive Order No. 9066. 

3’See Lothrop, supra note 22, at 177. The author has studied the effects of the restrictions on persons of 

Italian ancestry in southern California. 

87’Analysis by the Department of Justice of archived Federal Bureau of Investigation documents. For 

example, Theresa Borelli was picked up several times for violating curfew when she made the 60-mile trip 

to the military hospital in Modesto, California to visit her son Bill, who was paralyzed and still recuperating 

from wounds sustained while serving in the United States Army overseas. Interview with Ken Borelli, 

grandson, Apr. 7,2001. 

25 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

As a result of the Western Defense Command’s evacuation, travel, and curfew 

orders, Executive Order 9066 affected Italian enemy aliens on the West Coast 

disproportionately. It also led to the development of plans for the further evacuation of 

the forty-thousand Italian enemy aliens who had not been forced to move-those who 

lived in Military Area No. 1 but whose homes and businesses lay outside the narrower 

prohibited zones along the coast.%’ The Western Defense Command initially intended 

to remove some or all of these enemy aliens as soon as its program for removal of all 

persons of Japanese ancestry was completed. These plans, however, for mass 

evacuation of German and Italian enemy aliens nationwide were resisted at several 

levels of government, notably in the Justice Department and the House Select 

Committee Investigating National Defense Migration@(commonly known as the Tolan 

Committee), and were subsequently dropped. Thus, the only mass temporary 

evacuation of Italian enemy aliens-the one imposed in mid-February by the Justice 

Department and reinforced by Lt. General DeWitt’s Proclamation No. 1 in March-was 

the one that had already occurred on the West Coast. 

In its place, the War Department initiated an individual exclusion plan to be 

applied to persons of Italian and German descent. This plan provided for investigations 

of individuals, aliens, and naturalized citizens who were alleged to be “possibly 

dangerous.” Some had been placed on the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Custodial 

Detention Index but had avoided internment because their citizenship excluded them 

from the enemy alien control laws. Under Executive Order 9066, however, they could 

be apprehended, and if found suspect, could be ordered out of the requisite military 

areas. Although this plan was also imposed in the Eastern and Southern Defense 

Commands, its application in the Western Defense Command was more extensive. 

Whereas some 59 persons were excluded from the Eastern Defense Command, and 

some 21 from the Southern Defense Command, approximately 174 were excluded from 

the Western Defense Command under Lt. General DeWitt.g’ 

Some persons of Italian descent were subject to evacuation or exclusion orders 

while many thousands were not, because, with regard to evacuation, the orders affected 

only those whose homes or businesses were located in the West Coast prohibited 

zones. Strict lines were drawn-for example Highway 101 along the California coast, 

west of which was a prohibited zone-with those on one side of the highway forced to 

E’Actually, such a mass evacuation order would have affected all 52,000 Italian enemy aliens because 

those who had moved earlier had moved only far enough to vacate coastal zones; they were still in Military 

Area No. 1, and so would have been forced to move if that whole area had been declared off limits. 

89’ “Findings and Recommendations on Evacuation of Enemy Aliens and Others from Prohibited Zones.” 

Fourth Interim Report of the Select Committee InvestigatingNational Defense Migration, H.R. Rep. No. 

2124 (1942), at 21-25. 

90‘ Personal Justice Denied, supra note 8, at 288; see also supra note 45. 

26 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

move, while those on the other side allowed to stay. Non-citizens who lived in such 

towns as Pittsburg on the Sacramento delta likewise had to move, while those a few 

miles or even blocks away could 

D. WARTIME IMPACT ON FISHERMENOF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 

1. BACKGROUND 

With the waves of Italian immigrants came fishermen, often from small coastal 

villages in Sicily. They formed communities along the East, West, and Gulf coasts, 

where they fished for tuna, sardines, mackerel, and crab, and contributed to the growth 

of an industry. Often speaking little English and unable to read or write, many avoided 

naturalization out of fear or embarrassment. Their failure to obtain citizenship prior to 

the war was to become, for some, a substantial regret. 

As fishermen, they suffered restrictions on where and when they could fish; as 

enemy aliens, they were prohibited from wharfs, piers, and the fishing vessels 

themselves.%’ They were subject to the loss of their boats for the duration of the war 

through lease (such as a “bareboat charter”) or purchase. The effect on their livelihood 

was striking, and the impact on the fishing industry was equally profound.93/ 

2. REQUISITIONOF VESSELS 

Merchant ships, including fishing vessels, were routinely licensed and inspected. 

At the same time, and throughout the war years, vessels were boarded by Coast Guard 

or Navy personnel, either at sea or in port, for inspection and for the purpose of sealing 

radio transmitters. Operating out of northern California, the American Rose, the 

%’See supra Part ll.C.2.e. In defining the boundaries of military areas, the proclamations commonly used 

streets, roads, and highways as identifiablelandmarks. ProclamationNo. 1 stated that buildings, 

structures, and other premises situated opposite the military areas and bounded by such streets, roads or 

highways were not to be includedwithin the military areas. However, those buildings, structures or other 

premises within the military areas and bounded by such streets, roads, and highways were expressly 

included within the military areas. Public Proclamation No. 1, Western Defense Command, Mar. 2, 1942. 

Thus, one side of the highway would be within the prohibitedzone and persons in that area were subject 

to various restrictions,while persons residingon the opposite side of the road were in a so-called “free” 

area and were not subject to the restrictions. 

%’See Appendix H, a list of fishermen prevented from fishing in prohibited zones. 

93‘ Backgroundand additional detail concerning Italian American fishermen may be found in chapters by 

Fox, DiStasi, and Colletto in the recently published Una Storia Segreta: The Secret History of Italian 

American Evacuation and lnternment During World War /I. Ed. Lawrence DiStasi. Berkeley, CA: Heyday 

Books, 2001. 

27 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

Mareffimo,the Anna B. and the Alma were four such fishing ships owned and crewed 

by citizens or aliens of Italian descent?’ 

In the late 193Os,the United States Coast Guard inspected and evaluated 

fishing vessels and other water-craft to determine their potential fitness for requisition to 

assist in coastal defense.g’ As of January 1941, however, in a memorandum to the 12th 

Naval District, the Chief of Naval Operations stated that the intention of the Navy 

Department was to build new minesweepers rather than convert fishing vessels, while 

continuing to identify boats for possible acquisition in the event of a national 

emergency.%’ A week later, the Commandant of the 12‘h Naval District wrote that his 

office reviewed a draft charter lease agreement with leaders of the fishing industry who 

raised no objections to the form. The Commandant anticipated no problem in “securing 

the required number of agreements to charter.”g/ 

By authority of the Presidential Proclamation of May 27,1941,98/which declared 

an Unlimited National Emergency, and Section 902 of the Merchant Marine Act of 

1936,E’which authorized the requisition of vessels during national emergencies 

declared by presidential proclamation,the Maritime Commission of the United States 

was authorized to prepare and to issue a Declarationof Requisition. Section 902 

provided fair compensation to owners for the use of their vessels, mandating thatm’ 

94’Merchant Vessel Inspectionreports of the Coast Guard, 12‘hNaval District, 1942. RG 26, Merchant 

vessel information file, 1941-46. 

95’ In March 1941, for example, at least thirty-four fishing vessels in the San Franciscoarea owned by 

Italian-Americans or aliens of Italian descent were evaluated to determine suitability, whether the owner 

was willing to sell or charter, and whether the asking price was considered reasonable or excessive. In a 

June 1941 memorandumfrom the 121hNaval District, twelve of these purse seiners were recommended 

for acquisition: the California Bear, the Aurora, the Santa Rosa, the Twin Brothers, the Pacific Star, the 

New Hope, the Lina V,the Cutin0 Brothers, the San Jose, the Belle Haven, the St. James, and the San 

Giovanni. Memorandumfrom the Commander Patrol Force, 12IhNaval District, to the Commandant, 12‘h 

Naval District (June 16, 1941). While some owners were unwilling to sell or charter, the overwhelming 

majority indicated their willingness (some even volunteered to make their vessels available). 

96’Memorandumfrom the Chief of Naval Operations to the Commandant, 12‘hNaval District (Jan. 8, 1941). 

z’ Memorandumfrom the Commandant, 12IhNaval District, to the Chief of the Bureau of Ships (Jan. 16, 

1941). 

%/PresidentialProclamation No. 2487, 6 Fed. Reg. 2617 (May29, 1941). 

Merchant Marine Act, Pub. L. No. 74-835 (1936) (including amendments up to 1970 at 46 U.S.C. app. 

91101-12959). 

28 
 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

[;In the case of a vessel taken and used, but not purchased, the vessel shall be restored 

to the owner in a condition at least as good as when taken, less reasonable wear and 

tear, or the owner shall be paid an amount for reconditioning sufficient to place the vessel 

in such condition. 

As the effort to purchase vessels continued, an additional,program involved the 

induction of a voluntary fleet of fishermen, tugmen, and yachtsmen within the 12‘h Naval 

District, including San Francisco, Monterey, and Eureka, into the Merchant Marine 

Naval Reserve. A July 24, 1941 press release of the 12‘hNaval District stated=’ 

[tlheir job will be to patrol the same waters they’ve plied as fishermen and yachtsmen - but they won’t be fishing, and they won’t be cruising for fun. They’ll be stalking bigger 

game -enemy periscopes, small boats attempting landings, stray enemy aircraft bent on 

reconnaissance. They’ll be sweeping for mines -looking for any kind of trouble that may 

crop up. 

To the Navy, the most seaworthy boats were the most desirable, and fishing 

trawlers and purse seiners were ideally suited for coastal and harbor patrol as well as 

minesweepingoperations. Along the West Coast-particularly San Francisco, Santa 

Cruz, and Monterey-and in port cities in the east from the Florida Keys to Portland, 

Maine, fishing fleets constituted a large and vital industry, often dominated by citizens 

and aliens of Italian descent. 

Through negotiations and formal contracts, fishing boats were taken over by the 

War Shipping Administration for use by the United States Coast Guard and the United 

States Navy.” Some were purchased outright and often sold back to the original 

owners at the end of the war or when the vessels were no longer needed. Others were 

chartered for a prescribed period of time. In determining bareboat charter rates, a 

LE’Press Release, 12IhNaval District (July 24, 1941). 

c’Contrary to some accounts, fishing vessels, in fact, were not seized or impounded, except as a 

consequence of repeated violations of restricted areas. See, for example, Memorandum from the 

Commanding Officer, US. Naval Net Depot, to the Commandant, 12IhNaval District (March 3, 1942), 

citing seven vessels, two of which were owned by individualsof Italian descent (Appendix I). 

29 
lth, 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

number of principal factors came into play." The Commandant of the 12'hNaval 

District wrote that:" 

[i]n war time, requisitioning is believed to be a more efficient and fairer method of securing 

the tonnage the Government needs. All ships and owners have the substantial equality of 

treatment. The Government names the rates and conditions and there is no hagglingor 

negotiation. If an owner is dissatisfied with the terms or rates he can accept part of the 

compensation and have the balance adjudicated in the Court of Claims . . . . It is a 

cleancut, well-understood procedure, which was used successfully in World War I. 

In September 1941, the Joint Merchant Vessel Board identified 287 vessels, 

nearly all commercial fishing trawlers, draggers, or purse seiners, for conversion to 

wartime use.%' On December 12, 1941, the 12thNaval District called for the immediate 

requisition of 15 fishing vessels in San Francisco and Monterey. All such vessels were 

103' In February 1941 the Port Director of San Pedro outlined the following: 

(a) Two purse seiners similar in every respect are of equal Naval value for 
 

conversion and operation as mine sweepers. 
 

(b) Characteristics of the vessel. 
 

(c) General condition of the vessel and of machinery. 
 

(d) Special equipment such as photo electric pilot and direction finder. 
 

(e) Reputation of the owner as to his earning ability. This is believed to be of 
 

more value than any information obtained from the cannery account ledger in 
 

which entries are often obscure. 
 

(f) Lacking an Emergency, the offered charter rate must, in general, be accepted 
 

as the lowest rate for which the owner desires to charter his vessel. The 
 

canneries have interests in practically all the fishing vessels upon which they 
 

depend for their raw materials, and if these vessels are chartered, the charter rate 
 

must be sufficient to compensate for the loss of the vessel to the canning 
 

industry. 
 

Memorandumfrom the Port Director of San Pedro, 11th Naval District, to Chief of the Bureau of Ships 

(Feb. 4, 1941). 

A memorandumfrom the 12IhNaval District the same month indicated that the average asking price by 

owner for purse seiners ranged from $46,000 to $65,000 for purchase, $1,244 to $1,500 for charter, the 

range based on the length of the vessel, its age, and cost plus improvements. Memorandum from the 

Joint Merchant Vessel Board (Feb. 24, 1941). 

E!' Memorandumfrom the Commandant, 12'hNaval District, to the Chief of Naval Operations (Dec. 20, 

1941). 

E?' Memorandumfrom the President, Joint Merchant Vessel Board, to the lS', 1 12'h,and 13'hNaval

Districts (Sept. 25, 1941). The 1'' Naval District had 117; the llth, 67; the 12'h,75; and the 13'h,28. 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

owned by citizens or aliens of Italian descent.“ By December 26,1941, these vessels 

had been delivered to the United States Navy by the Maritime 

At the conclusion of the war, or at a time when they were no longer needed, 

fishing vessels were returned to their owners.-’ In many cases, the condition of the 

vessel was poor upon its return.=’ Negotiations and appeals would attempt to resolve 

disagreements over compensation for damaged or missing equipment. 

3. RESTRICTIONSPLACED ON FISHERMEN 

In a May 1942 memorandum from the Commandant of the Coast Guard to 

District Coast Guard Officers and Captains of the Port, the Commandant stated that to 

receive a license to depart local waters, the master or operator of the vessel must be a 

citizen of the United States, “unless over 50% of the vessel’s personnel complement are 

American citizens.” He further stated that no enemy alien is permitted “to go or remain 

on board any vessel unless such enemy alien is a passenger on a vessel primarily 

engaged in the transportation of passengers for hire . . . . ”W Furthermore, green 

(temporary) or pink identification cards with a diagonal stamp “ENEMY ALIEN” were to 

3’Memorandumfrom the Commandant, 12‘hNaval District, to the United States Maritime Commission 

(Dec. 12, 1941). 

E’Letter from the Commandant, to the District Manager, Pacific Coast Section, United States Maritime 

Commission (Dec. 26, 1941). Within the Naval District in October 1941, the projected acquisition of 

117 fishing vessels “would be of a not too serious nature. Much opposition from commercial interests of 

course would be encountered. A certain number of people would be forced out of employment, etc., but it 

is believed that it would not be long before the activities of the small vessels would be built up and a 

normal supply of fish would result.” Memorandum from the 1‘‘ Naval District Section, Joint Merchant 

Vessel Board, to the President,Joint Merchant Vessel Board (Oct. 1, 1941). 

E’On the West Coast, for example, the Marettimo and Sea Star were returned to their owners on August 

7 and 9, respectively, of 1943. Memorandum from the Commanding Officer, Section Base, San 

Francisco,to the Commandant, 12‘hNaval District (Aug. 11, 1943). On the East Coast, Gloucester fishing 

boats such as the “Baby Rose,” “Magellan,” and “My Colombo” were returned in 1944. Memorandafrom 

the War ShippingAdministration, Boston, Massachusetts,to the Assistant Port Director, Boston (July 21, 

1944, April 20, 1944, undated, respectively). 

E’For example, a memo from the 12‘hNaval District reveals that items remained missing and could not be 

found prior to the return to the owners of purse seiners Marettimo, Sea Star, Juanita, Sea Maid, Virginia /I. 

Memorandumfrom the CommandingOfficer, Section Base, San Francisco, to the Commandant, 12‘h 

Naval District (Sept. 21, 1943). Joseph Crivello of San Francisco, an enemy alien, refused to take money 

for his boat, “just a promise that I get my boat back.” The Virginia was returned after the war, but was 

unusable. Interviewwith Anthony Damato, grandson, Apr. 7, 2001. 

E’Memorandumfrom the Commandant, United States Coast Guard, to District Coast Guard Officers and 

Captains of the Port (May 12, 1942). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 

be issued to all enemy aliens.“ These restrictions applied to all naval districts and, 

accordingly, to all ports nationwide?’ 

On October 17, 1942, the Captain of the Port of Atlantic City, New Jersey in the 

4thNaval District issued regulations to ensure waterfront security, requiring that:%’ 

[n]o enemy alien will be allowed on any pier or wharf at any time. All personsfrequenting 

boat-landings or docks occasionally -and all persons working on any boat-landingor 

dock - shall have in their possession at all times a Coast Guard Identification Card . . . . 

No enemy alien, such as a citizen of Germany, Italy, or Japan, will be permitted on board 

of any boat at any time . . . . 

No such boat will be rented to an enemy alien, and no enemy alien will be permittedon 

such boat at any time. 

Concerned that the restrictions did not extend to American citizens and that fishermen, 

either native born or naturalized, “should be considered suspect,’’ a District Intelligence 

Officer submitted a May 6, 1942 memorandumto the District Coast Guard Officer 

indicating the periodic submission of lists to Captains of the Port throughout the 1st 

Naval District.m’ These lists would include:m’ 

both citizen and alien fishermen who have participated in some suspicious activity, the 

evidence of which might be insufficient to warrant an indictment under the Espionage 

Laws, but whose continued presence on fishing vessels is undesirable because they 

111’Sample identification cards, RG 26, Port Security and Law Enforcement, Box 3. 

See Appendix G. 

s’Memorandumfrom the District Coast Guard Officer, 4IhNaval District, to the Commandant (Oct. 17, 

1942). See also, a memorandumfrom the Naval District which stated: “Except in the cases of 

emergency, fishing vessels shall not be permitted to leave or to enter any port during the hours of 

darkness where an anti-submarine net is not established. They shall be allowed to fish offshore at night 

except in restricted waters.” Memorandumfrom the Captain of the Port of Boston, 1” Naval District (Nov. 

16,1942). 

5’Memorandumfrom the District Intelligence Officer, to District Coast Guard Officer (May 9, 1942). 

s’-Id. The memorandum adds that: 

the only means now available to control the activities of suspect fishermen lie in the Anchorage 

Regulations . . . . It is considered that these regulations, which empower the Captains of the Ports 

to grant, refuse to grant, or to revoke any license heretofore granted to the Agent, Owner, or 

Master of any fishing vessel, may be construed to prevent the presence on board of suspect 

fishermen. 

It concludes that “naturalized citizens who are suspected of subversive activities will have proceedings for 

denaturalization instituted against them.” 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

represent potential carriers of military informationor potential suppliers of fuel and food to 

enemy vessels. 

On December 7, 1941, the Gloucester, Massachusettsfishing vessel, Santa 

Maria, owned and mastered by Pietro Mercurio, a naturalized United States citizen, was 

boarded by the Coast Guard. Upon hearing the Italian language spoken on board, the 

Coast Guard immediately detained the captain and his crew, releasing Mercurio later 

that night. The members of his crew, unnaturalized Italian aliens, were kept overnight 

and prohibited from reboarding the boat; they subsequently worked at fish-processing 

plants until they gained citizenship. While this represented a hardship, Mercurio 

expressed that he understood the circumstances that necessitated a heightened 

concern for security.m’ 

Restrictions placed on fishermen for security reasons varied from port to port. An 

August 26, 1942 12thNaval District memorandum, voicing agreement between the Navy 

and the Coast Guard and contrasting sharply with the position of the Army, stated that 

“fishermen must be covered by special rules at each port,” that current restrictions are 

sufficient, and that further instructions to fishermen along the coast of the 12thNaval 

District would be “impracticable, unnecessary and too restrictive.”’?-’’ The memorandum 

further stated that:=’ 

[all1fishermen are issued licensesto fish by the Captains of the Port. On these licenses 

there is printed the restrictionsthat are placed upon them which, generally speaking, are 

as follows: That the fishermen have perfect freedom to fish anywhere on the coast that 

Letter from Pietro Mercurio to Commander, 1” Naval District (Apr. 27, 1942), and interviewwith John 

Mercurio, son, May 3, 2001. 

Memorandumfrom the Commander, Patrol Force, 12IhNaval District, to Chief of Staff, 12IhNaval 

District (Aug. 26, 1942). The memorandumcontinues: “The Army desires one hundred percent security 

and if steps are taken towards this end as desired by the Army there would be hardly a fish caught on the 

coast,” and concludes that “any attempt at landing, entering or leaving any of the ports not covered by 

special regulationswould lay the offending fisherman open to arrest or to be fired upon as he would be 

violating the instructions printed on his license.” 

E’Id. The Commander of the Patrol Force in the 12IhNaval District stated in a memorandum of February 

26,1942, that “the licenses of [violators] should be recalled temporarily”; the licenses of boats that 

“repeatedly violate existing regulations . . . should be recalled and withheld for a longer period of time, to 

punish the owners for flagrant disregard of existing orders.” Memorandumfrom the Commander, Patrol 

Force, 12‘hNaval District, to the Commandant, 12‘hNaval District (Feb. 26, 1942). Two weeks later, on 

March 11, the Captain of the Port, San Francisco, stated that “This office has been suspending the 

licenses of violators of the restricted areas. Violators are being notified that a second violation will result in 

the revocation of their licenses and such additional punitive action under existing law as the circumstances 

appear to warrant.” Memorandumfrom the Captain of Port, 12‘h Naval District, to Commander, Patrol 

Force, 12‘hNaval District (Mar. 11, 1942). See also, Regulations RegardingOperation of Vessels in 

Certain Areas in 5ND Waters, dated June 30, 1943, sent to the Commandant,4IhNaval District, on August 

14, 1943, for detail typical of local regulations governing ports and defensive sea areas. Memorandum 

from the District IntelligenceOfficer, to Commandant, 4IhNaval District (Aug. 11, 1943). 

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

they see fit (except, of course, this does not include restrictions around the ports that have 

defensive sea areas). That they are absolutely forbidden to enter or leave any port in 

darkness or low visibility, or to land. Any violation of the restrictions printed on the license 

causes, of course, the forfeiture of the license and prosecution if considerednecessary. 

In an October 28, 1942 letter to the Pittsburg, California Chamber of Commerce, 

which had inquired about Italian fishermen, the Captain of the Port for San Francisco 

relied on the recent order of Lt. General DeWitt and the Anchorage Regulations 

contained in the Espionage Act of June 15, 1917, writing:=’ 

No departure license shall be [glranted to any vessel having an enemy alien on board in 

any capacity, and . . . no vessel shall move in the local waters of the United States which 

has or intends to have an enemy alien on board in any capacity. . . . 

Inasmuch as the Captain of the Port is governed by these Anchorage Regulations in [tlhe 

issuance of permits of fishing vessels he has no authority to issue permits to boats with 

Italian citizens aboard in any capacity . . . . 

The clear effect on Italian fishermen is typified in a letter Giovanni Olivieri wrote 

on December 31, 1941 to United States Senator Sheridan Downey, stating that he had 

been denied permission to continue fishing:m’ 

Forty years ago I came to America from Italy. For the past 38 years I have been a 

fisherman in Santa Cruz and have fished the waters of Monterey Bay. Iam not an 

American citizen and cannot become one because I cannot read or write. I have been 

deprived of the right to fish because I am not a citizen. I have two sons in the navy and 

one son in the army. I have a wife and three daughters at home to support. I cannot get 

outside work because I am not a citizen. I am as loyal and devoted to this country as 

though I were born here. During my forty years in America I have never been arrested 

and have always worked from twelve to fourteen hours a day. 

The most severe application of these restrictions occurred in the Western 

Defense Command and represented, at times, a conflict between the services. The 

Navy sought reasonable safeguards to minimize the impact on the fishing industry, 

while the Army’s sole consideration was security. Because the 1lthand 12thNaval 

Districts contained sizable fishing fleets comprising Italian immigrants, the impact on 

this community was substantial. Other than instances where fishermen repeatedly 

E’Letter from the Captain of Port, to Pittsburg Chamber of Commerce (Oct. 28, 1942). 

120’ Letter from Giovanni Olivieri, to Senator Sheridan Downey (Dec. 31, 1941). The Navy responded to 

Senator Downey on March 7, 1942, that “such restrictions may, in some instances, result in hardship to 

some aliens whose loyalty to this country may be above reproach. However, as a matter of policy, the 

Navy Department believes that the question of whether certain alien fishermen will be permittedto fish is 

one which should be decided by appropriate governmental authorities in the locality, after investigation of 

the individual has been made.” Letter from Capt. J.B.W. Waller, to Senator Sheridan Downey (Mar. 7, 

1942). 

34 
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

violated restrictions,m’ boats were not impounded. Rather, they were requisitioned for 

compensation during a period of national emergency. The record reveals efforts by the 

government to ameliorate the impact of these requisitionsand restrictions on the fishing 

industry and, to some extent, upon citizens and aliens of Italian descent. 

A September 30, 1941 memorandum from the San Pedro, California Port 

Director‘s Office, 1 Naval District, to the Joint Merchant Vessel Board, noted that the 
 

selection of larger purse seiners and tuna boats for requisition in San Diego and San 
 

Pedro would adversely affect the canneries since they rely on those vessels for their 
 

supply of yellow-fin tuna.=’ The 12‘h Naval District, responding to concerns about the 
 

effect of restrictions on the fishing industry, stated on January 30, 1942 that the Navy 
 

was “permitting as liberal a scope of operations as is consistent with national 
 

security. The memorandum continues:124’ 
 

Fishing vessels share in whatever protection is afforded to commercial vessels. Naturally, 

the extent of such protection is confidential. Crab-fishing vessels operating out of San 

Franciscoat present do so under escort of a small Coast Guard boat, the purpose of 

which is to control the fishermen and serve to identify them in relation to our own forces. 

A 12thNaval District memorandum to the Commandant, dated March 5, 1942, 

acknowledged the war’s adverse effect on the fishing industry and recommended 

relieving that industry of “all unnecessary restrictions.”m’ On July 25, 1942, regulations 

governing the San Francisco Maritime Control Area were issued to supplement 

Presidential Proclamation 2543, primarily authorizing sardine boats to fish and to make 

passage at night, ”provided they have complied with the law in all respects as to 

licenses, departure permits, crew lists and crew identification.”E’ After compliance with 

these requirements,the naval district would issue a clearance authorization which was 

kept on board the vessel at all times. For example, the 11th Naval District issued 

2’See supra, note 102. 

E?’Letter from the San Pedro Port Director’s Office, 11th Naval District, to the Joint Merchant Vessel Board 

(Sept. 30, 1941). 

2’Letter from the Commander, Patrol Force, 12‘hNaval District, to the Fish and Wildlife Service (Jan. 30, 

1942). 

m’So, too, sardine boats were provided escorts in the 12thNaval District. Memorandumfrom the 

Commander, Patrol Force, 12‘hNaval District, to the Officer-in-Charge,Harbor Entrance Control Post 

(Navy), Fort Winfield Scott (Aug. 28, 1942). 

52’ Memorandumfrom the Commander, Patrol Force, 12‘hNaval District, to the Commandant, 12‘hNaval 

District (Mar. 5, 1942). 

E’Supplementary Regulations for the Control of the San Francisco Maritime Control Area, 12‘hNaval 

District (July 25, 1942). 

35 
 
lth 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

authorization in August 1942 to Anthony Cresci, the master of the fishing vessel Mary,

for a voyage to Monterey? 

In the 5thNaval District, the Port Directorwrote the following to boat owners on 

July 30, 1942: “It is not the Commandant‘s intention to requisition fishing vessels 

urgently needed in the fishing industry. However, it is hoped that some fishing vessels 

may be found which can be spared . . . . Should you decide that you do not wish to sell 

the vessel, no reply is necessary.”E’ 

The Commander of the Office of the Western Sea Frontier, on March 19, 1943, 

indicated a willingness to continue to work with the fishing industry and with the 

California Division of Fish and Game to ease restrictionswherever possible. The 

memorandum cited directives in the 1 and 12thNaval Districts authorizing sardine 

fishing vessels to break radio silence to report schools of fish to other vessels.’29’ 

The Navy Department distributed a memorandum to the commandants of all 

naval districts, dated February 26, 1943,130/which stated: 

Due to the needs of the fishing industry, chartered fishing vessels and fishing vessels in 

the Coast Guard Reserve will be selected for withdrawal from service wherever feasible. 

Chartered fishing vessels will be reported to the Vice Chief of Naval Operations who will 

request the War Shipping Administration to cancel the charters and return them to their 

owners. 

E’United States Naval Clearance Authorization, Fishing Vessels (Aug. 21, 1942). 

128’Letter from the Port Director, 5IhNaval District, to J.J. & H.M. Lawson (July 30, 1942). In a 

memorandum, also dated July 30, a procurement officer for the Joint Merchant Vessel Board wrote that 

four fishing vessels “cannot be requisitioned at this time” because they are active in the fishing industry. 

Memorandumfrom the Procurement Officer, Joint Merchant Vessel Board (July 30, 1942). 

LE’Memorandumfrom the Commander, Western Sea Frontier, to the Commander-in-Chief, United States 

Fleet, and Chief of Naval Operations (Mar. 19, 1943). See, particularly, letter from the Division of Fish and 

Game of the California Department of Natural Resources to Lt. General DeWitt (Sept. 28, 1942), citing “an 

entire lack of understanding of the fishery and its problems viewed in the light of the war emergency,” and 

the need to modify restrictions currently in place; and a report prepared by the California Division of Fish 

and Game citing specific impediments to the fishing industry in southern California. Report on Survey of 

Fishing Industry in Eleventh Naval District by Dr. Richard Van Cleve, Chief, Bureau of Marine Fisheries 

(undated). By November 1942, in a letter of the California Fish and Wildlife Service to the Navy, the 

sardine catch in the 12‘hNaval District was stated to be 42 percent below a comparable period the 

previous season. Letter from California Fish and Wildlife Service, to the Commander, Patrol Force, 12‘h 

Naval District (Nov. 11, 1942). 

=’Memorandumfrom the Vice Chief of Naval Operations, to the Commandants of the Naval Districts 

(Feb. 26, 1943). 

36 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

Requisitions, port restrictions, and loss of fishing privileges were imposed on 

many fishermen immediately prior to and during World War II. More than mere 

inconveniences,these restrictions interfered with their ability to make a living and 

disrupted the industry. The effects were felt by natural-born and naturalized United 

States citizens, as well as aliens and those designated “enemy aliens.” 

E. WARTIME POLICY ON ALIENEMPLOYMENTIN THE UNITED STATES 

AND IMPACT ON RAILROADWORKERS OF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 

1. 	 INTRODUCTION 

Section 3 of the Act, subsection IO, requires the Attorney General to conduct a 

review of Italian-American railroad workers who were prevented from working in 

prohibited areas, presumably as a result of federal-government action. Research 

indicates that employment discrimination against aliens was widespread during the war 

and even before the war. Such discrimination stemmed from a misunderstanding of the 

law and public policy regarding the employment of immigrants, prejudice against nonwhites and immigrants, and in some instances, misplaced patriotism. But evidence of 

extensive government efforts to fight discrimination against aliens, including enemy 

aliens and aliens of allied nations, also exists. 

Although historical evidence indicated that many Japanese-American railroad 

workers were fired or prevented from working in the military zones on the West Coast, 

such widespread firings did not happen to railroad workers of Italian ancestry. Although 

employment discrimination may have been most severe against those of Japanese 

ancestry, there was some discrimination against other enemy aliens and such 

discrimination even extended to aliens of allied nations. As cited below, two Italian 

railroad workers were transferred to other positions or locations so that they could 

continue to work, several Italian employees were temporarily removed from work for a 

week and then allowed to return, and one employee was removed for thirty days before 

he was reinstated. One Italian employee was initially fired, but after his attorney’s 

inquiry the government responded that the alien could be rehired unless he was found 

to be dangerous or had committed sabotage against railroad property. 

Extensive research from private railroad companies, state historical societies, 

and the National Archives in Washington, D.C. and College Park, Maryland have failed 

to yield evidence to support assertions of widespread firings of railroad employees of 

Italian ancestry or that any loss of employment resulted from federal-government 

action.=‘ 

E’The Department of Justice reviewed records of several Department of Justice officials dealing with 

aliens including Attorney General Biddle, James Rowe, Jr., Assistant to the Attorney General, and Edward 

Ennis, Director of the Alien Enemy Control Unit, along with records of the Office of Defense 

37 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

2. GOVERNMENTPOLICY 

The government actively discouraged discrimination against alien employment 

for several months before our entry into World War 11. On January 30, 1941,the Social 

Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security, issued a report showing that in every 

industrial state, employers were refusing to hire “non-citizens” in defense and defenserelated industries.W/ The report emphasized that Congress had confined restrictions on 

the employment of aliens in private industry to those working on government contracts 

in the manufacture of aircraft and in the performance of secret, confidential, or restricted 

government c0ntracts.m’ 

The extent of discrimination nationwide compelled President Roosevelt, on June 

25, 1941, to issue Executive Order 8802, which prohibited discrimination by the federal 

government and by government contractors.m’ The order reaffirmed the policy that 

there “shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or 

Government because of race, creed, color or national origin.” It also established the 

Committee on Fair Employment Practice within the Office of Production Management to 

investigate complaints of discrimination, including discrimination against alienage, and 

to take appropriate steps to redress grievances.m’ 

On December 26, 1941, the Department of Justice issued a news release 

containing a statement by Attorney General Biddle regarding “the problem of 

discrimination against aliens in private employment.”m/ In this statement, Biddle 

declared: 

Transportation, Assistant Secretary of Defense John J. McCloy, Western Defense Command, and the 

Office of Provost Marshal; also reviewed, documents from the Union Pacific Railroad, the Burlington 

Northern Railroad (which was the Great Northern Railroad during World War ll),the Southern Pacific 

Railroad, the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad, Nevada Northern Railway, and the Chicago, Rock 

Island, and Pacific Railroad Company. 

LE’“Labor Shortages and the Restriction of Employment to Citizen Workers,” Federal Security Agency, 

Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security, Washington, D.C. (Jan. 30, 1941). 

133’-Id. at 1. 

134’Executive Order No. 8802,6 Fed. Reg. 3109 (June 27, 1941) 

E’Press Release, U.S. Department of Justice (Dec. 26,1941). 

38 
 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

To bar aliens from employment is both shortsighted and wasteful . . . . [I]t is the stated 

policy of the Federal Government that there shall be no discrimination in the employment 

of workers in defense industries because of race, color or national origin. 

Attorney General Biddle indicated that the only restriction of any type on persons 

of Japanese ancestry was one that applied to all aliens. In the case of "secret, 

confidential or restricted Government contracts," and in contracts for aircraft parts, 

employers were required to obtain permission for employment from the military 

department concerned. Attorney General Biddle indicated that both the Army and the 

Navy had "regular procedures" to screen requests and had "passed upon thousands of 

them." The percentage of applications that had been denied was "negligible." The 

Attorney General condemned discrimination against aliens:E' 

There are no other Federal laws restricting the employment of aliens by private 

employers in national defense industries, and there are no Federal laws whatsoever 

restricting the employment of foreign-born American citizens of any particular national 

origin. 

There is no reason in the world why loyal persons, either aliens or Americans of 

foreign birth, should not be employed by American Industry, and there is no possible 

justification for discharging such employes [sic]. The Federal Government condemns 

such discrimination . . . . 

Documents also indicate that the Army and the Federal Bureau of Investigation 

discouraged such firings. President Roosevelt issued a statement on January 2, 1942, 

expressing his concern over discrimination against aliens:%' 

I am deeply concerned over the increasing number of reports of employers 

discharging workers who happen to be aliens or even foreign-born citizens. This is a very 

serious matter. It is one thing to safeguard American industry and particularly defense 

industry against sabotage; but it is very much another to throw out of work honest and 

loyal people who, except for the accident of birth, are sincerely patriotic. 

Such a policy is as stupid as it is unjust. . . I urge all private employers to adopt 

a sane policy regarding aliens and foreign born citizens . . . . 

There is no law providing against employment of aliens except in special defense 

work of a secret nature, and even in such work, the employer may hire an alien with the 

permission of the Army or Navy. . . . 

President Roosevelt issued a similar statement on July 11 1942 regarding the 

employment of aliens, in which he indicated that persons should not be refused 

employment solely on the basis of alien status.w' 

13e/ -Id.

9'Press Release, The White House, Statement of the President (Jan. 2, 1942). 

B?'Press Release, The White House, Statement by the President (July 11, 1942). 

39 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

Individuals also had access to the Committee on Fair Employment Practice. 

Letters written to the Alien Enemy Control Unit of the Department of Justice, alleging 

discrimination on the basis of alien status, were frequently referred to this Committee. 

During the war, the Committee held extensive hearings on complaints of discrimination 

within the railroad industry. 

3. IMPACT ON RAILROAD EMPLOYEES 

Union Pacific documents reveal that its dismissal of approximately one hundred 

and forty employees of Japanese ancestry was not the result of government action, but 

was based on the decision of company officials. Specifically, the decision to fire 

Japanese employees was the personal decision of W.M. Jeffers, the president of the 

railroad.” 

A series of letters between the City Attorney for Rock Island, Illinois and Edward 

J. Ennis, Director of the Alien Enemy Control Unit at the Department of Justice, 

regarding the dismissal of an Italian employee, describes the case of Augustine 

Chidicamo, an enemy alien, who was dismissed about March 1942 by the Chicago, 

Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad Company because of his enemy alien status. Mr. 

Chidicamo had worked for the railroad for thirty-three years and was advised that the 

railroad would take him back with the approval of federal authorities. Lee Herbert, City 

Attorney for Rock Island, wrote to Ennis to determine if there was any way that 

Chidicamo could be re-employed.” In a letter dated April 9, 1942, Ennis explained 

that this incident and incidents with other railroads apparently resulted from a 

misunderstandingof a proclamation of President Roosevelt that “was not intended to 

forbid the employment of enemy aliens upon railroads in the United States, it was 

merely intended to forbid any alien enemy to be in a place in which his presence is not 

readily explainable.”m’ Ennis further stated that “[hlis employment should be forbidden 

E’In a letter to the Chairman of the Executive Committee, Jeffers stated that “the instructionswe have 

been working under were that Japanese were to be continued in employment unless and until we had 

evidence that they were dangerous.” Jeffers then detailed why he “arranged to remove all” employees of 

Japanese ancestry: a recent incident of “possible sabotage” at Howell, Wyoming; the fact that train, 

engine and shop personnel had complained for a month about the employment of Japanese; his receipt of 

several telegrams from organizations and individuals demanding the immediate removal of these 

employees of Japanese ancestry from their positions; and concerns that labor organizations might refuse 

to work unless he fired those of Japanese ancestry. He stated in this letter that, after considering these 

factors, he “felt impelled to take immediate action.” He noted further that he spoke to United States 

Attorney General Francis Biddle and sent him copies of the letters directing the firings. Letter from W.M. 

Jeffers, President, Union Pacific, to Chairman, Executive Committee (Feb. 14, 1942). 

142’ Letter from Lee Herbert, City Attorney, Rock Island, Illinois, to Director of Alien Enemy Control Unit, 

United States Department of Justice (Mar. 18, 1942). 

x’Letter from Edward J. Ennis, Director of Alien Enemy Control Unit, to Lee Herbert, City Attorney, (Apr. 

9, 1942). 

40 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

only if there are any suspicions about his loyalty to this Government and if there is any 

danger of sabotage upon the property of the railroad.”E’ In closing, Ennis stated, “You 

are authorized to refer to the content of this letter as an expression of the attitude of this 

Government toward employment by the railroads of aliens of enemy 

In a letter dated February 18, 1942, Southern Pacific Railroad ordered the 

termination of approximately forty employees of Japanese ancestry and the immediate 

evacuation of such employees from company housing; no termination was ordered for 

aliens of other ancestriesE’ A mailgram, also dated February 18, 1942, discussed the 

government’s notice to nationals of Germany, Japan, and Italy that they were not 

permitted to live or work in certain areas, including Tiburon, California, and that 

restrictions were also issued for the movements of enemy aliens during the night hours 

that required them to be at home between 9:00 p.m. and 6:OO a.m.” The company 

questioned whether alien employees retained their employment relationshipand 

seniority rights with the company and indicated that it had Italian and German nationals, 

some at the Tiburon facility. The document describes two Italian employees-a seal 

clerk who lived in a restricted area and a janitor at Sausalito who was assigned to work 

at night between 6:OO p.m. and 3:OO a.m. It is noted on the document that the janitor‘s 

hours were changed so that he could continue to work and that the clerk was filling the 

job at Sausalito where the restrictionswould not apply until the shipyard was 

completed.=’ Finally, a letter dated April 11, 1942 disclosed that an Italian employee, 

Vito Marketallo, was removed from employment as a crossing flagman for thirty days 

and then returned to service. The document indicated that he was taken out of service 

because of the evacuation and curfew ruling. A handwritten notation on the letter a few 

days later, dated April 14, 1942, indicatedthat he was to return to 

A few documents regarding the Nevada Northern Corporation indicated that all 

Japanese, German, and Italian aliens were removed from work and asked to remain at 

s’Letter from C.F. Donnatin, to J.C. Goodfellow, et al. (Feb. 18, 1942); and Mailgram, from unknown 

correspondent (signature unreadable), to A.T. Mercier (Feb. 19, 1942) (Southern Pacific Transportation 

Company Files). 

E’Mailgram from C.A. Veale, to J.G. Torian (Feb. 18, 1942) (Southern Pacific TransportationCompany 

Files). 

E!’ Letter from unknown correspondent (signature unreadable), to C.A. Veale (June 9, 1942) (Southern 

Pacific Transportation Files). 

2’Letter from J.G. Goodfellow, to J.G. Torian, (Apr. 11, 1942) (Southern Pacific Transportation Company 

Files). 

41 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

home after December 11, 1941.m’The company based this action on the advice of 

local counsel and that of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The company removed 

fourteen Japanese aliens and six Italian aliens. On December 19,1941, the company 

contacted the Federal Bureau of Investigationto discuss the Italian aliens who had for 

many years worked for them and many of whom had taken out papers for naturalization. 

In responding to whether they could be returned to work, the Federal Bureau of 

Investigation’sadvice was to inquire among co-workers if any statements were made 

against the United States or in support of Axis 

F. SUMMARY 

This Justice Departmentwill never waver in our defense of the Constitution nor relent in 

our defense of civil rights. The American spirit that rose from the rubble in New York 

knows no prejudice and defies division by race, ethnicity, or religion. The spirit which 

binds us and the values that define us will light America’s path from this darkness. 

Attorney General John Ashcroft 

September 24,2001 

After the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, citizens and aliens of Italian 

descent were subjected to restrictions, including curfews, searches, confiscations of 

property, the loss of livelihood, and internment. Individuals residing in “prohibited 

zones” were required to move from their homes and were excluded from certain areas. 

And persons of Italian ancestry who were not United States citizens were declared 

enemy aliens and were required to carry identification cards designating them as such. 

These wartime restrictions were sanctioned by the Alien Enemy Act of 1798, 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2527, Executive Order 9066, and various other 

Presidential Proclamations, Department of Justice regulations, and Public 

Proclamations issued by the defense commands. 

The Wartime Violation of Italian Americans Civil Liberties Act provides that this 

report must include, among other things, “[a] review of the wartime restrictions on Italian 

E’These documents were obtained from the Nevada Northern Railroad Museum and it is not clear 

whether these aliens were working for Nevada Northern Railroador the Nevada Consolidated Copper 

Corporation (which had mining operations and some railroad facilities). Memorandum from H.M. Peterson 

(Dec. 11, 1941), indicating that alien employees of Nevada Consolidated Copper Corporation (which had 

mining operations and may have had some interests with local railroad companies) were to be removed 

from work; and Letter from R.J. Beem, to Mr. Jackling, Chief Executive Officer (Dec. 12, 1941) (Collection 

of Letters from the Nevada Northern Railroad Documents, East Ely Railroad Depot Museum, East Ely, 

Nevada). 

E’Letter from HMP, to Mr. Beem (Dec. 19, 1941) (Collectionof Letters from the Nevada Northern 

Railroad Documents, East Ely Railroad Depot Museum, East Ely, Nevada). 

42 
UNITEDSTATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

Americans to determine how civil liberties can be better protected during national 

emergencies.” The Department of Justice believes that the federal government‘s 

reaction to the recent, tragic events of September 1I,2001 demonstrates that civil 

being protected through adherence to the United States Constitution. By 

sending the clear message to the American people that the Constitution and American 

values will not fall victim to terrorists, our national leaders have created an environment 

in which the unconstitutional violation of civil liberties will not be tolerated. 

In an address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American people on 

September 20,2001, President George W. Bush stated that the United States must 

abide by the principles upon which the country was founded and treat all individuals 

fairly and with dignity: 

I ask you to uphold the values of America, and remember why so many have come here, 

We are in a fight for our principles, and our first responsibility is to live by them. No one 

should be singled out for unfair treatment or unkind words because of their ethnic 

background or religious faith. 

On September 17, 2001, FBI Director Robert Mueller had stated that the investigation of 

the attack on the United States had not targeted and would not target individuals based 

on their ethnic background: 

When we seek to interview and question an individual, we are doing so based on 

predications that the individual may have information relating to the acts that took place 

last week. We do not, have not, will not target people based solely on their ethnicity, 

period, point blank. 

Our national leaders have also addressed the rise in bias-motivated crimes in the 

United States since the attack by stating, in no uncertain terms, that such acts of 

hreats of violence will not be tolerated. On September 13, 2001-just two 

attack on the United States-Attorney General John Ashcroft addressed 

reports of violence and threats of violence in the United States against Arab Americans 

and other Americans of Middle Eastern and South Asian descents: 

We must not descend to the level of those who perpetrated Tuesday’s violence by 

targeting individuals based on their race, their religion, or their national origin. Such 

reports of violence and threats are in direct opposition to the very principles and laws of 

the United States and will not be tolerated. 

The Attorney General’s admonition was echoed that day by Ralph F. Boyd, Jr., the 

Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division, who stated that “[alny threats of 

violence or discrimination against Arab or Muslim Americans or Americans of South 

Asian descents are not just wrong and un-American, but also are unlawful and will be 

treated as such.” 

43 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENTOF JUSTICE 

In testimony before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary on September 25, 

2001, Attorney General Ashcroft reported on the Justice Department's actions with 

respect to bias-motivated crimes following the September 11 attack: 

The Department of Justice is firmly committed to pursuing these misguided wrongdoers 

vigorously. . . . Let there be no mistake: The Department of Justice will not tolerate acts of 

violence or discrimination against people in this country based on their race, national 

origin, or religion. 

These statements demonstrate the federal government's recognition that it must 

safeguard the constitutional rights of individuals while protecting the safety and security 

of individuals during times of national emergency. By vigorously enforcing antidiscrimination laws, the federal government has demonstrated that civil liberties are 

being protected through adherence to the Constitution. 

44 
 
REPORT TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES 

A REVIEW OF THE RESTRICTIONS 

ON PERSONS OF ITALIAN ANCESTRY 

DURING WORLD WAR I1 

APPENDICES 
 
Appendix A 
 
PUBLIC LAW 106451-NOV. 7, 2000 114 STAT. 1947 
 

Public Law 106-451 

106th Congress 

An Act 

To provide for the preparation of a Government report detailing injustices suffered Nov. 7, 2000 by Italian Americans during World War 11, and a formal acknowledgment of 

[H.R. 24421 such injustices by the President. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatiues of 

the United States of America in Congress assembled, Wartime 

Violation of 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. Italian American 

Civil Liberties This Act may be cited as the “Wartime Violation of Italian Act,

American Civil Liberties Act”. 50 USC app.

1981 note. 

SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

The Congress makes the following findings:

(1) The freedom of more than 600,000 Italian-born 

immigrants in the United States and their families was 

restricted during World War I1 by Government measures that 

branded them “enemy aliens” and included carrying identification cards, travel restrictions, and seizure of personal property.

(2) During World War I1 more than 10,000 Italian Americans living on the West Coast were forced to leave their homes 

and prohibited from entering coastal zones. More than 50,000 

were subjected to curfews. 

(3) During World War 11 thousands of Italian American 

immigrants were arrested, and hundreds were interned in military Camps.

(4)Hundreds of thousands of Italian Americans performed

exemplary service and thousands sacrificed their- lives in 

defense of the United States. 

(5) At the time, Italians were the largest foreign-born group

in the United States, and today are the fifth largest immigrant 

group in the United States, numbering approximately 15 million. 

(6) The impact of the wartime experience was devastating 

to Italian American communities in the United States, and 

its effects are still being felt. 

(7) A deliberate policy kept these measures from the public

during the war. Even 50 years later much information is still 

classified, the full story remains unknown to the public, and 

it has never been acknowledged in any official capacity by

the United States Government. 

SEC. 3. REPORT. Deadline. 

50 USC app. The Attorney General shall conduct a comprehensive review 1981 note. 

of the treatment by the United States Government of Italian Americans during World War 11, and not later than 1 year after the 
114 STAT. 1948 PUBLIC LAW 106-451-NOV. 7, 2000 
 

date of the enactment of this Act shall submit to the Congress 

a report that documents the findings of such review. The report

shall cover the period between September 1, 1939, and December 

31, 1945, and shall include the following:

(1)The names of all Italian Americans who were taken 

into custody in the initial roundup following the attack on 

Pearl Harbor, and prior to the United States declaration of 

war against Italy. (2) The names of all Italian Americans who were taken 

into custody.

(3) The names of all Italian Americans who were interned 

and the location where they were interned. 

(4) The names of all Italian Americans who were ordered 

to move out of designated areas under the United States Army’s

“Individual Exclusion Program”.

(5) The names of all Italian Americans who were arrested 

for curfew, contraband, or other violations under the authority

of Executive Order No. 9066. 

(6) Documentation of Federal Bureau of Investigation raids 

on the homes of Italian Americans. 

(7) A list of ports from which Italian American fishermen 

were restricted. 

(8) The names of Italian American fishermen who were 

prevented from fishing in prohbited zones and therefore unable 

to pursue their livelihoods. 

(9) The names of Italian Americans whose boats were confiscated. 

(10) The names of Italian American railroad workers who 

were prevented from working in prohbited zones. 

Records. (11)A list of all civil liberties infringements suffered by

Italian Americans during World War 11, as a result of Executive 

Order No. 9066, including internment, hearings without benefit 

of counsel, illegal searches and seizures, travel restrictions, 

enemy alien registration requirements, employment restrictions, confiscation of property, and forced evacuation from 

homes. 

(12) An explanation of whether Italian Americans were 

subjected to civil liberties infringements, as a result of Executive Order No. 9066, and if so, why other Italian Americans 

were not. 

(13) A review of the wartime restrictions on Italian Americans to determine how civil liberties can be better protected

during national emergencies. 

SEC. 4. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. 

It is the sense of the Congress that­

(1)the story of the treatment of Italian Americans during

World War I1 needs to be told in order to acknowledge that 

these events happened, to remember those whose lives were 

unjustly disrupted and whose freedoms were violated, to help

repair the damage to the Italian American community, and 

to discourage the occurrence of similar injustices and violations 

of civil liberties in the future; 

(2) Federal agencies, including the Department of Education and the National Endowment for the Humanities, should 

support projects such as-
PUBLIC LAW 106451-NOV. 7, 2000 114 STAT. 1949 

(A) conferences, seminars, and lectures to heighten 

awareness of ths unfortunate chapter in our Nation’s history;(B) the refurbishment of and payment of all expenses

associated with the traveling exhbit “Una Storia Segreta”, exhibited at major cultural and educational institutions 

throughout the United States; and 

(C) documentaries to allow this issue to be presented 

to the American public to raise its awareness; 

(3) an independent, volunteer advisory committee should 

be established comprised of representatives of Italian American 

organizations, historians, and other interested inhviduals to 

assist in the compilation, research, and dissemination of 

information concerning the treatment of Italian Americans; 

(4) after completion of the report required by this Act, 

financial support should be provided for the education of the 

American public through the production of a documentary film 

suited for public broadcast; and 

(5) the President should, on behalf of the United States 

Government, formally acknowledge that these events during

World War I1 represented a fundamental injustice against Italian Americans. 

Approved November 7, 2000. 

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY-H.R. 2442: 

CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: 

Vol. 145 (1999): Nov. 10, considered and passed House. 

Vol. 146 (2000): Oct. 19, considered and passed Senate, amended. 

Oct. 24, House concurred in Senate amendments. 

0 
 
Appendix B 
 
Chronology of Events Surrounding the Evacuation, Relocation, and 

Internment Of Persons of Italian Ancestry During World War II 

1939 

911139 Germany invaded Poland, initiating World War II. 

913139 Great Britain declared war on Germany. 

9/5/39 	 President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Presidential Proclamation 

2348, which declared the neutrality of the United States in the war 

between Germany and France. 

919139	 President Roosevelt issued Presidential Proclamation 2352, 

establishing a national emergency to observe, safeguard, and 

enforce neutrality. 

1940 

According to the 1940 Census of the United States there were 

1,623,580 residents of Italian descent in the United States. 

5/7/40 	 President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8403 establishing the 

Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbor Naval Defensive Sea Area, 

Calif0rnia. 

6110140 	 Mussolini invaded France, thereby allying Italy with the Axis 

powers. 

6/28/40 	 The United States Congress passed the Alien Registration Act, 

also known as the Smith Act, which required all aliens to register 

with the Immigrationand NaturalizationService. 

1 
 
1941 
 

5129141 

6127141 

I1/27/41 

12/7/41 

1218141 

12110141 

Presidential Proclamation 2487 was published, declaring an 

unlimited national emergency because of the European war. This 

proclamation also authorized the Maritime Commission of the United 

States to prepare and issue a Declaration of Requisition for marine 

vessels pursuant to Public Law 74-835. 

Executive Order 8802 was published, reaffirming the federal 

government’s policy against discrimination in the employment of 

aliens in the defense industry. 

President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8953 establishing more 

extensive Naval Defensive Sea Areas for Los Angeles - Long Beach 

Harbor, California. 

Japan bombed the United States Navy at Pearl Harbor, Territory of 

Hawaii. 

Proclamation 2525 was issued immediately after the Pearl Harbor 

attack. It empowered the Attorney General to apprehend, exclude, 

regulate, and confiscate property from United States citizens and 

aliens of Japanese ancestry. 

The Federal Bureau of Investigation began arresting Japanese, 

German, and Italian aliens considered dangerous to United States 

security. 

The United States declared war on Japan. 

Proclamations 2526 and 2527 were issued against Germany and 

Italy, respectively,as threats to United States territory. Thus, German 

and Italian nationals were rendered “enemy aliens” and were subject 

to apprehension, detention, and various restrictions. 

President Rooseveltdelegated to Attorney General Biddle the 

authority to promulgate and execute regulations prescribed in the 

continental United States under the Presidential Proclamations. 

Federal Bureau of Investigation Director J. Edgar Hoover reported 

that the majority of individualsfor whom arrests were planned had 

been taken into custody: 1,291 Japanese, 857 Germans, and 147 

2 
12111141 

12112141 

12115141 

12116141 

I2130141 

115142 

1I14142 

Italians, 

Germany declared war on the United States. 

The United States declared war on Italy. 

San Francisco, California and the West Coast were declared a 

wartime “Western Theatre of Operations” by the Western Defense 

Command. No private vessels were allowed to sail at night in San 

Francisco Bay. 

Lt. General John L. DeWitt was named the Commanding General of 

the Western Defense Command. 

President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8970 establishing 

several Defensive Sea Areas off the coasts of the continental United 

States including Portland, Maine; Portsmouth, New Hampshire; 

Boston, Massachusetts; San Francisco, California; and San Diego, 

California. 

The United States Navy began requisitioning significant numbers of 

fishing boats on the West Coast. 

The Attorney General established the Alien Enemy Control Unit. 

President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8978 establishing 

Defensive Sea Areas for New York Harbor, New York; Delaware Bay 

and River, Delaware; Chesapeake Bay and Norfolk, Virginia; and 

Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. 

Federal Bureau of Investigationagents were given the authority to 

search the homes of enemy aliens if there was reason to suspect 

contraband (i.e., radios, guns, or cameras) on the premises. 

1942 

Deadline for enemy aliens in San Francisco to surrender radio 

transmitters, shortwave receivers, and precision cameras to the 

Western Defense Command. 

Presidential Proclamation2537 was signed requiring that enemy 

3 
1I28142 4 

1130142 4 

1I3I-217142 4 

212142 4 

214142 4 

2110142 + 

2114142 + 

2115142 4 

2116142 4 

+ 

2119142 4 

2123-311 21424 

aliens register to obtain Certificates of Identification from the Attorney 

General and carry them at all times. 

The Department of Justice announced strategic locations to be 

cleared of enemy aliens by February 24, 1942. 

California Congressionaldelegation met in Washington, D.C. to urge 

the evacuation of enemy aliens from the West Coast. 

The Attorney General announced 135 prohibited zones in California, 

Washington, Oregon, and Arizona. 

Registration of enemy aliens began. 

Attorney General Biddle issued curfew zones for enemy aliens along 

the West Coast, effective February 24, 1942. 

The Department of Justice instituted regulations on the travel and 

other conduct of Japanese, German, and Italian aliens. 

The Department of Justice amended the regulations issued on 

February IO, 1942, by specifying areas from which enemy aliens 

were excluded. Sixty-eight areas in California, twenty-four areas in 

Oregon, and seven areas in Washington were designated areas in 

which Japanese, German, and Italian aliens were no longer 

permitted. 

Enemy aliens began to leave restricted military zones throughout 

northern California. “Move out and stay out” orders were to become 

effective on February 24, 1942. 

The industrial and waterfront areas of San Francisco, California were 

declared a restricted zone by the military. 

The Department of Justice had taken into custody 2,192 Japanese, 

1,393, Germans, and 264 Italians. 

President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066 delegating to the 

Secretary of War the power to exclude any and all persons from 

designated areas. 

The House of RepresentativesSelect Committee Investigating 

4 
2/24/42 4 

4 

312142 4 

312-3129142 4 

3116142 4 

3118142 4 

3121142 + 

4127142 4 

5/5/42 + 

5/22/42 + 

National Defense Migration, also known as the Tolan Committee, 

held hearings. 

Evacuation from prohibited zones was ordered for all enemy aliens. 

All of northern California was declared a “strategic area” and enemy 

aliens were subject to a 9 p.m. curfew. Enemy aliens were required 

to evacuate areas around Army posts, airfields, and vital utilities. 

The travel and curfew restriction zone was extended to southern 

California and Arizona. Seventeen more areas in California and 

eighteen more areas in Arizona were designated as places from 

which alien enemies were excluded. 

Lt. General DeWitt issued Public Proclamation No. 1 creating military 

areas in California, Washington, Oregon, and Arizona. 

All persons to be affected by the proposed evacuation of Military 

Area No. 1 were encouraged to leave during this “voluntary 

evacuation period.” Persons were required to file a Change of 

Residence Notice. 

Lt. General DeWitt issued Public Proclamation No. 2 creating military 

areas in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, and Utah. 

President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9102, creating the War 

RelocationAuthority for the internment of Japanese aliens and 

Japanese Americans. 

Public Law 77-503 was enacted, thereby making it a federal offense 

to violate any order issued by a designated military commander 

acting under the authority of Executive Order 9066. 

Lt. General Drum of the Eastern Defense Command announced his 

intention to establish military areas along the East Coast. 

President Roosevelt ordered Secretary of War Stimson to confer with 

him prior to taking any action against German and Italian aliens on the 

East Coast. 

The War Department advised Lt. General DeWitt against mass 

evacuation of German or Italian aliens on the West Coast. Military 

commanders retained the right to exclude individuals on the basis of 

5 
military necessity. 

6/27/42 

I0112/42 

9/8/43 

6/6/44 

5/5/45 

9/2/45 

9/4/45 

12/7/45 

+ Lt. General DeWitt lifted the exclusion-zone regulations of the 

Western Defense Command. Italian aliens returned to their homes, 

although they remained subject to travel and curfew restrictions. 

4 	 Attorney General Biddle announced that the restrictions on enemy 

aliens would no longer pertain to persons of Italian ancestry. 

1943 

4 Italy surrendered. 

1944 

+ 	 The United States invaded Normandy, France. 

1945 

+ 	 Germany surrendered. 

4 Japan surrendered. 

+ Public Proclamation No. 24 rescinded all individual exclusion orders, 

public proclamations, and civilian exclusion orders. 

4 	 President Harry S. Truman issued Presidential Proclamation 2674, 

which revoked portions of Presidential Proclamations 2525, 2526, 

and 2527. 

6 

Appendix C .1 
Page 1 
 

Section 3(1) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry taken 

into custody in the initial roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor 

and prior to the United States declaration of war against Italy * 

Name 
 

1 Appoloni, Sabri 
 

2 Arena, James 
 

3 Bacoccina, Angelo 
 

4 Bastiani, Pietro 
 

5 Beltrone, Vincenzo 
 

6 Bennett, Joseph Strugg 
 

7 Berizzi, Louis 
 

8 Bertoletti, Frank 
 

9 Billante, Michele 
 

10 Bonavita, Giacomo 
 

11 Boncompagni-Ludovisi, Andrea 
 

12 Bonomi, Spartaco 
 

13 Brancato, Andrea 
 

14 Brocato, Phillip 
 

15 Caborrossa, John 
 

16 Caracciolo, Francesco 
 

17 Cardellini, Giovanni 
 

18 Carta, Alfio 
 

19 Cassio, Giuseppe 
 

20 Della Maggiora, Anatolio 
 

21 Di Carlo, Angelo 
 

22 Falasca, Giovanni 
 

23 Farese, Biagio 
 

24 Favoino, Giovanni 
 

25 Fioroni, Rem0 F 
 

26 Fordelone, Filippo Giacomo 
 

27 Fragale, Frank 
 

28 Francesconi, Dante Giovanni 
 

29 Francesconi, Nereo 
 

30 Frascona, Anthony 
 

31 Garofalo, Pietro 
 

32 Gaudio, Attilio 
 

33 Ghirardi, Aldo 
 

34 Glores, Angelo 
 

35 Grinaldi, Cesare Rene 
 

Date of 
 

Deprivation 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC- 1941 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

07-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC- 19411 

07-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

10-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC- 1941 

10-DEC-1941 
 

11-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

* Deprivation dates were not available for all persons of Italian ancestry who were taken into custody, and therefore this 

list may not be all-inclusive. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 2 
 

Section 3(1) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry taken 

into custody in the initial roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor 

and prior to the United States declaration of war against Italy * 

Name 
 

36 Guarrata, Enrico 
 

37 Guidi-Buttrini, Ubaldo 
 

38 Lacaluso, E'rancesco 
 

39 Lastretto, Carlos B 
 

40 Latorraoa, Domenico 
 

41 Lubrano, Zaccaria 
 

42 Maggiora, Anatolio 
 

43 Magliacano, Ernesto 
 

44 Maiorana, Giovanni 
 

45 Marta, Tony 
 

46 Molinari, Filippo 
 

47 Musa, Bernardino Luigi 
 

48 Muzzin, Americo 
 

49 Nardi, Vittorio 
 

50 Natale, Dominic0 
 

51 Negri, Rinaldo G. 
 

52 Piccione, Paul 
 

53 Pisa, Francesco 
 

54 Podesta, Giovanni Guseppe 
 

55 Ponis, Emillio Italo 
 

56 Previdi, Francisco 
 

57 Ricciardelli, Mario 
 

58 Riggio, Diego Mando 
 

59 Romano, Filippo Cipri 
 

60 Santini, Ruggiero 
 

61 Scicchitani, Michael Angelo 
 

62 Sercia, Gioacchino 
 

63 Sercia, Giovanni 
 

64 Tieri, Guiseppe 
 

65 Torino, Enrico 
 

66 Trento, Guido M 
 

67 Tribuani, Alfredo Bernard 
 

68 Valdastri, Mario 
 

69 Vedovi, Vincenzo R 
 

70 Ventrella, Celia Iaculli 
 

Date of 
 

Deprivation 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

11-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

07-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

10-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

11-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

10-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

11-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

Deprivation dates were not available for all persons of Italian ancestry who were taken into custody, and therefore this 
 

list may not be all-inclusive. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 3 

Section 3(1) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry taken 

into custody in the initial roundup following the attack on Pearl Harbor 

and prior to the United States declaration of war against Italy * 

Name 

71 Verrando, Italo 

72 Verrando, Tullio G 

73 Wolfe, Frank Giannoni 

74 Zaccaro, Francesco 

Date of 
 

Deprivation 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

10-DEC-1941 
 

09-DEC-1941 
 

08-DEC-1941 
 

* Deprivation dates were not available for all persons of Italian ancestry who were taken into custody, and therefore this 

list may not be all-inclusive. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Appendix C.2 
 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

35 

Page 1 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

Abbattista, Giovanni 

Abbruzzo, Vincenzo 

Abramo, Vincenzo 

Accordo, Leonard Nicholas 

Acquistapace, Giacomo Pietro 

Adagalia, Antonio 

Adamo, Charles 

Adesso, John 

Adorno, Francesco 

Agostino, Amilicaia 

Aiello, Giacchino 

Alaimo, Vincenzo 

Alamia, Pietro 

Albanese, Antonio Salvatore 

Albanese , Giovanni 

Albanise , Pasquale 

Albario, Giralamo 

Alberti, Philip 

Alberto, Angelo 

Alberto, Carlo 

Alessi, Angelo 

Aliotta, Paolo 

Aliotti, Unknown 

Allocco, Gaetano Grayia 

Allotta, Lorenzo 

Allseandro, Giovanni 

Altieri, Antonio 

Aluffi, Louis John 

Alvigini, Mario 

Amato, Giuseppe 

Ambrosiano, Taddeo 

Ambrosio, Raffaele 

Amico, Dominick Vincenzo 

Anastasi, Slavatore 

Andreani, Giosafatee 

of 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 2 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

36 Andresano, Celestino 
 

37 Angeli, Carolina Maria 
 

38 Angelico, Michele 
 

39 Angelo, Joseph Dell 
 

40 Angelus, Louis 
 

41 Angersone, Lonenzo 
 

42 Annese, Anonio 
 

43 Anthne, John 
 

44 Antonnetti, Luigi 
 

45 Antoscio, Joseph 
 

46 Anzalone, Nicola 
 

47 Appoloni, Sabri 
 

48 Aqula, Giuseppe 
 

49 Aqurio, Giovanni 
 

50 Arata, Amedeo Giacomo 
 

51 Arbucci, Luigi 
 

52 Arciero, John GiOVaCChino 
 

53 Arciero, Luigi 
 

54 Arcoleo, Salvatore 
 

55 Arena, Walter Joseph 
 

56 Areta, Pasquale 
 

57 Arezzo, Rosalio M. 
 

58 Armando, Domenico Vittorio 
 

59 Armao, Felice 
 

60 Armato, Benedetto 
 

61 Armendola, John 
 

62 Arpe, Angelo 
 

63 Arrigoni, Adolfo 
 

64 Arvonio, Guiseppe 
 

65 Asaro, Guiseppe 
 

66 Ascensio, Mautone 
 

67 Ascione, Abraham 
 

68 Assagli, Lorenzo 
 

69 Asta, Andrea 
 

70 Asta, Joe 
 

~~ ~ ~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 3 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

71 Asudari, Nino 
 

72 Auagalia, Antonio 
 

73 Audia, Bernard 
 

74 Augelli, Frank 
 

75 Augusto, Don 
 

76 Averga, Ralph Raffaele 
 

77 Aversano, Pasquale 
 

78 Azzara, Albert0 
 

79 Azzaro, Giovanni 
 

80 Bacoccina, Angelo 
 

81 Bafumi, Giuseppe 
 

82 Bagnariol, Francesco Osvaldo 
 

83 Baldassari, Giuseppe 
 

84 Baldassari, Peri 
 

85 Balderi, Mario Joseph 
 

86 Baldeschi, Fritz Roberto E. 
 

87 Bdldi, Guiseppe 
 

88 Ballestrasse, Victor Francisco 
 

89 Banatti, Pietro 
 

90 Banchero, Francesco 
 

91 Bandiera, Lorenzo 
 

92 Barbani, Umberto 
 

93 Barbarita, Alphonse 
 

94 Barbera, Francesco 
 

95 Bardini, Guido Peppino 
 

96 Bardini, Napoleon Decimo 
 

97 Baretta, Francesco 
 

98 Barletta, Vicente 
 

99 Barlette, Hiram 
 

100 Baroncocco, Osvaldo 
 

101 Barraco, Ignasio 
 

102 Barrera, Giovanni 
 

103 Bartimoccia, Giuseppe 
 

104 Bartoli, Terrado 
 

105 Basile, Francesco 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italiaii seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 4 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

106 Basilton, Nelfi 

107 Bassano, Piero Bonelli 

108 Bastiani, Pietro 

109 Batalo, Angelo Sam 

110 Battaglia, Maria 

111 Battiparano, Vincent 

112 Battista, Giovanni Gallo John 

113 Bava, Gin0 Octavio 

114 Bedini, Nello 

115 Belfiore, Giovanni 

116 Bellafiore, Giacomo 

117 Bellangero, John Ettori 

118 Bellipanni, Philip 

119 Belloli, Giorgio I’ietro Giacomo 

120 Beltrone, Vincenzo 

121 Benassi, Ruggiero 

122 Berledetti, Cipro 

123 Benedetto, Luigi 

124 Benetti, Lina Clena 

125 Beno, Ralph 

126 Benussio, Antonio 

127 Benventuto, Calvano 

128 Beraddi, Giuseppe 

129 Berardi, Angelo 

130 Berglio, Charles 

131 Berizzi, Louis 

132 Berlandi, Alberto 

133 Bermani, Paolo 

134 Berna, Bortolomeo 

135 Bernardon, Onorina 

136 Bernardotti, Attilio Luigi 

137 Berra, Bartolomeo 

138 Berra, Matt 

139 Bersano, Felice Giovanni 

140 Bertarini, Joseph 

_I_ 

~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light.
 I 
Page 5 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 

141 Bertero, Antonio Luigi 

142 Berti, Celesten 

143 Bertoglio, Giacomo 

144 Bertoletti , Frank 

145 Bertoletti, Frank 

146 Bertoli, Peter 

147 Bertolini, Aristide 

148 Bertolino, Antonio 

149 Bertolotto, Guiseppe 

150 Bertolucci, Domenico 

151 Bertonio, Biagio 

152 Bertuai, Alexis 

153 Bertuccio, Cosimo 

154 Bertuglia, Guiseppe 

155 Bertusi, Alexis Batholomew 

156 Bertusi, Guy 

157 Bevegni, Giambattista Mario 

158 Bevelacqua, Pifanio 

159 Bevilacqua, Enrico 

160 Biagi, Antonio Giovanni 

161 Bianca, John 

162 Biancavilla, Pasquale 

163 Bianchet , Lorenzo 

164 Bianchi, Angelo 

165 Bianchi, James Giacometti 

166 Bianchini , Peter 

167 Bianchino, Antonio 

168 Bianco, Ignazio 

169 Bianconi, Louis Lawrence 

170 Biancucci , Giuseppe 

171 Biasi, James 

172 Biendo, Antonio 

173 Bier, Giovanni Batista 

174 Biggio, Adolph Stephen 

175 Bignone, Andrew 

of 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 6 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

176 Billante, Michele 
 

177 Bin, Giovanni Quarto 
 

178 Biodo, Giuseppe 
 

179 Biondo, Antonino 
 

180 Birtig, Donato Luigi 
 

181 Bisio, Carlo Angelo 
 

182 Bisson, Romeo 
 

183 Bitinio, B 
 

184 Bivone, Felice, Mrs. Biondo 
 

185 Blaise, Bertino 
 

186 Blanco, Paut 
 

187 Bluni, Guiseppe 
 

188 Bobbio, Angelo 
 

189 Bocca, Giuseppe Angelo 
 

190 Bocchiola, Guidi 
 

191 Rocus, Arturo 
 

192 Bodilosso, Ernesto 
 

193 Boet, Mario Albert 
 

194 Boletti, Leopold Joseph 
 

195 Bomarito, Mike 
 

196 Bombieri, Enrico 
 

197 Ronanno, Giovanni 
 

198 Bonat, Virginio 
 

199 Bonavita, Giacomo 
 

200 Bonazzola, Erminio 
 

201 Boncompagni-Ludovisi, Andrea 
 

202 Bonella, Anna 
 

203 Bonelli, Piero Rassano 
 

204 Bongi, Alderico Guiseppe Harry 
 

205 Bongi, Enrico Guiseppi 
 

206 Bonicelli, Alexander Dominic0 
 

207 Bonini, Sergio 
 

208 Bonomi, Spartaco 
 

209 Borgese, Giuseppe 
 

210 Borghi, Armando 
 

_____ ~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 1 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

211 Borghi, Mrs. Joseph Scesa 
 

212 Borgo, Pietro 
 

213 BorloSO, Alfredo Nunzio 
 

214 Borrelli, Vincenzo Enzo 
 

215 Borriallo, Pasquale 
 

216 Borrini, Maria 
 

217 Borrini, Mario 
 

218 Borrino, Maria 
 

219 Bortodotti, Sterindo 
 

220 Bortolotti, Sperandio 
 

221 Borzini, Carlo 
 

222 Bosa, Valentino 
 

223 Boscarini, Giovanni Emanuele 
 

224 Bosoni, Guido 
 

225 Bossi, Carlo Guiseppe 
 

226 Bossio, Gaspere 
 

227 Bost, Mario Albert 
 

228 Bott, Celeste 
 

229 Bottiani, Piego 
 

230 BraCCO, Angelo 
 

231 Brancati, Joseph 
 

232 Brancato, Andrea 
 

233 Brancucci, Giuseppe Mario 
 

234 Bratti, Ezio 
 

235 Bravi, Mario 
 

236 Breglio, Charles 
 

237 Breit, Beatrice Norma 
 

238 Brescia, Cosimo Damiano 
 

239 Brescia, Francesco 
 

240 Brignolo, Italo 
 

241 Brigotti, Mario 
 

242 Brigulla, Alexander 
 

243 Brocato, Phillip 
 

244 Brondino, Emilio 
 

245 Brooke, Mary Rose 
 

_________~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 8 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

246 Brottomesso, Giuseppe 
 

247 Brunetti, Giocomo 
 

248 Bruni, Hugo 
 

249 Bruno, Joseph 
 

250 Bruno, Samuel 
 

251 Bryer, Alesio Alex 
 

252 Bucic, John 
 

253 Budinich, Matteo 
 

254 Buffa, Faustino S. 
 

255 Buonaguido, Rizieri 
 

256 Buono, Antonio 
 

257 Buono, Charles 
 

258 Burnett, Mike1 
 

259 Bursano, Felix 
 

260 Butera, Pasquale Gin0 
 

261 Buttrini, Ubaldoquidi 
 

262 Buzzelli, Lirio 
 

263 Ca, Giuseppi 
 

264 Cabacciolo, Francesco 
 

265 Cabano, Piero 
 

266 Caborrossa, John 
 

267 Cabra, Vincent 
 

268 Cadarini, Romano 
 

269 Cafaro, Amleto 
 

270 Cagliero, Stefan0 
 

271 Cagning, Nichele 
 

272 Caiati, Alberto Carlo 
 

273 Caiella, Carmine 
 

274 Calabro, Giovanni 
 

275 Calabro, Rocco 
 

276 Calacino, Tony 
 

277 Calcago, Giuseppe 
 

278 Calderone, Agostino 
 

279 Calderone, Jennie 
 

280 Caldo, Angel0 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). 'Thelist may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

281 Cambria, Vincenzo 

282 Campagnoli, Luigi 

283 Campanile, Sante 

284 Campi, Dominic 

285 Campisi, Jules 

286 Campodonico, Romolo 

287 Campora, Vincenzo 

288 Canaccini, Giuseppe 

289 Canciano, Tony Antonio 

290 Candelari, Giocomo 

291 Canfora, Edward A 

292 Cangimi, Giuseppe 

293 Cannallo, Vincenzo James 

294 Cannella, Antonio Concetta 

295 Cantorni, Giuseppi Cosmo 

296 Capella, Joe 

297 Cdpone, Dominick 

298 Capone, Gesuele 

299 Cappi, Jerome Salvatore 

300 Capuark, Antonio 

301 Caputa, Anielo 

302 Caputa, Francesco M 

303 Caputi, Vito Gerrardo 

304 Caputo, Giovanni 

305 Caracciolo, Francesco 

306 Caracoglia, Joseph John 

307 Carafa-D’Andria, Fabio 

308 Carbone, Aldo 

309 Carbone, Rosario Pasquale 

310 Cardellini, Giovanni 

311 Cardili, Giulano John 

312 Cardillo, Domenick 

313 Cardinelli, Carmine 

314 Cardoza, Josephine Frances 

315 Caremolia, Salvatore 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 10 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

316 Carillo, Dominick 

317 Caringelle, Guiseppi 

318 Carini, Joseph 

319 Carino, Giovanni Antonio 

320 Carmelo, Foti 

321 Carminati, Giacomo Baptiste 

322 Carminati, Tullio 

323 Carnemolia, Frank 

324 Carnemolia, Salvatore 

325 Carnnallo, James Vincent 

326 Carnovale, Guiseppe Pasqualino 

327 Carollo, Calogero 

328 Carollo, John Albert 

329 Carollo, Sylvestro 

330 Carone, Frank 

331 Carpino, Robert 

332 Carrabba, Tony 

333 Carroccia, Gaetano Maria 

334 Carrossi, Bernard 

335 Carta, Alfio 

336 Cartafalsa, Benedetto 

337 Caruso, Paul 

338 Carusone, Domenick 

339 Casagrande, Charles 

340 Casagrande, Eugenio 

341 Casalotti, Louis 

342 Casapulla, Luigi 

343 Casapulla, Nicola 

344 Casassa, Pietro 
 

345 Casati, Cosmo 
 

346 Casazza, Angelo 
 

347 Casazza, Carlo 
 

348 Cascaviello, Antoni 
 

349 Cascio, Rosario 
 

350 Casella, Ilario Paul 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the u.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than Once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 11 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 _ _ _ ­

351 Casetta, Nicholas 
 

352 Casini, Amilcare 
 

353 Cassa, Angelo 
 

354 Cassa, Louis 
 

355 Cassetta, Nicholas 
 

356 Cassetti, Amedeo Americo 
 

357 Cassio, Giuseppe 
 

358 Casta, Vincenzo 
 

359 Castagna, Emilio 
 

360 Castagnini, Dominick 
 

361 Castaldi, Romeo Alfred 
 

362 Castaldi, Salvatore 
 

363 Castellnao, Vito Domenico 
 

364 Castimeno, Francisco 
 

365 Castino, Joseph L.P. 
 

366 Castro, Salvatore 
 

367 Castrogiovanni, Giuseppe 
 

368 Cataldi, Raffaelico 
 

369 Caudio, Carlo M 
 

370 Cavallaro, Giovanni 
 

371 Cavanna, Santo Giuseppe 
 

372 Cavazzana, Pietro Carlo 
 

373 Cavenaghi, Angelo Doveri 
 

374 Cavettane, Reno 
 

375 Cazebon, Erna 
 

376 Cazzalio Angelo 
 

377 Ceccarel i, Eusebio 
 

378 Ceccato, Louis Masimiliano 
 

379 Ceccone, Prospero 
 

380 Cecconi, Prospero 
 

381 Ceccotti Joseph Aluminio 
 

382 Cecola, Nick 
 

383 Cedrini, German0 
 

384 Celli, Alfredo Giuseppe 
 

385 Celli, Richard 
 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 12 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

386 Centoni, Luigi 
 

387 Centralla, Joseph 
 

388 Ceretto, Joe 
 

389 Cergna, Antonio 
 

390 Cerro, Luigi 
 

391 Cerutti, Alexander 
 

392 Cesana, Renzo 
 

393 Charles, Mike 
 

394 Chendak, Antoni 
 

395 Chersetich, Rodolfo 
 

396 Cherubini, Stellio 
 

397 Chervatin, Andrea 
 

398 Chiaiese, Ernesto 
 

399 Chiarmonte, Annibale Ferdinand0 
 

400 Chieri, Pericle Adriano 
 

401 Chiesa, Antonio 
 

402 Chimenti, Andy 
 

403 Chiocca, Albert 
 

404 Chiodo, Carmine 
 

405 Chioiese, Goetoeio 
 

406 Chirardi, Aldo 
 

407 Chisolfi, Francesco 
 

408 Chrisanaz, Edoardo Rodolfo 
 

409 Christiani, Augustino 
 

410 Ciaccia, Giuseppe 
 

411 Ciampoli, Nicola 
 

412 Ciannotti, Dominic 
 

413 Ciardi, Primio 
 

414 Ciarfeo, Joseph 
 

415 Ciarlo, Angel0 Michele 
 

416 Ciarlo, Carlo 
 

417 Cicchinelli, Tomasso 
 

418 Cicmirko, Michael 
 

419 Ciconenelli, Tomasso 
 

420 Cima, Guido 
 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 13 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

421 Cimino, Chiariana 

422 Cipolat, Romano 

423 Cipoleto, Alfredo 

424 Ciprio, Pasquale 

425 Cirrone, Gaetano Giuseppe 

426 Cirrone, Thomas 

427 Ciucci, Oreste Angelo 

428 Ciucci, Sofo 

429 Civetta, Nicolas 

430 Civo, Francesco 

431 Coccimilio, Giuseppi 

432 Cocco, Osvaldo 

433 Cocola, Frank 

434 Collottzi, Alfonso 

435 Collottzi, Alfonso 

436 Collura, Raffaole 

437 Cologero, Carollo 

438 Colombo, Angelo 

439 Colombo, John 

440 Colosant, Henry 

441 Colotti, Joseph Anthony 

442 Comelli, Giovanni 

443 Comiti, Paul 

444 Compagnoli, Romildo 

445 Condino, Vincenzo 

446 Conedo, Maria 

447 Coneglio, Joe 

448 Consorti, Domenici 

449 Conti, Antonio 

450 Conti, John 

451 Conticello, Giuseppe Onofrio 

452 Contini, Louis 

453 Controi, Musacco 

454 Coos, Giuseppe 

455 Copello, Jack Giacomo 

of 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 14 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

456 Coppo, Salvatore 

457 Corasaniti, Bruno Domenico 

458 Corbatto, Giacomo 

459 Corino, Giovanni Antonio 

460 Cormagi, Giuseppe 

461 Cornemolla, Frances0 

462 Cornemolla, Orazio Salvatore 

463 corradi, Corrado Angelo 

464 corradini, Giuseppe Giulio 

465 Corrado, Augustino 

466 Cortellucio, Vittoriano 

467 Cortina, Pasquale 

468 Cosentimi, Oscar 

469 Cosentini, Oscar 

470 Cosfanza, Guiseppe 

471 Costa, Francesco 

472 Costa, James 

473 Costa, Luigi 

474 Costa, Vincenzo 

475 Costanza, Giuseppe 

476 Costanzo, Antonio 

477 Costelucci, John 

478 Cotenna, Adolfo Giobatta 

479 Cotroneo, Carmelo 

480 Cozzarini, Eugenio 

481 Crea, Stefan0 

482 Crescenzo, Sallustro 

483 Cretier, Mario 

484 Crevato, Francesco 

485 Criscuolo, Rodolfo Jean 

486 Crismoli, Vito 

487 Crisonich, Carlo 

488 Cristiani, Augustino 

489 Crocco, Albert 

490 Croce, Antonio 

I 

I * Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 15 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

491 Crugnola, Caesar Santiana 
 

492 Cubtta, Salvatore 
 

493 Cucchiara, Gaetano 
 

494 Cucci, Bartolo 
 

495 Cuccinelli, Gaetano 
 

496 Cuglietto, Antonio 
 

497 Cugno, Mariano 
 

498 Culatta, Salvatore 
 

499 Culotta, Maria Muffdetto 
 

500 Curioni, Giulio 
 

501 Curto, Ernesto 
 

502 Cutrone, Anthony 
 

503 Cuzolin, Emilia 
 

504 Cuzzolin, Giuseppe 
 

505 D’Agostino, Damiano 
 

506 D’Aleo, Ciro 
 

507 D’Amato, Amadeo 
 

508 D ’Amico, Alexander 
 

509 D’Amico, Joseph 
 

510 D’Amico, Vincenzo 
 

511 D’Amico, Vittorino 
 

512 D’Intino, Ciuseppi 
 

513 D’Onofrio, Giuseppe 
 

514 D’Orio, Alfredo 
 

515 Dacri, Genaro 
 

516 Daidone, Frank 
 

517 Daleo, Ignazio 
 

518 Dalla Costa, Pietro 
 

519 Dalle Teste, Lanfranco Dwight 
 

520 Daloluca, Antonio 
 

521 Dal Pin, Vincenzo Antonio 
 

522 Dal Ponte, Carlo 
 

523 Dal Ramo, Remigio 
 

524 Damaiano, Nunzio 
 

525 Damato, Amadeo 
 

I 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 16 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

526 Damiano, Ferdinand0 
 

527 Daniele, Carmela COlOSinO 
 

528 Daniele, Giuseppe 
 

529 Danussi, Joseph Guiseppe 
 

530 Dardanelli, Stefan0 
 

531 Darienzo, Ralph Robert 
 

532 Da Rugna, Adolph 
 

533 Davi, Anthony 
 

534 Davi, Francesco 
 

535 Deanophri, Ambrose 
 

536 De Banieri, Lelio 
 

537 De Benedictis, John 
 

538 Debernardi, Battista 
 

539 De Biasi, Benito 
 

540 Decillis, Albert Matthew 
 

541 De-cimo, Guiseppe 
 

542 De Cock, Carol Cdmpo 
 

543 De Col, Pietro 
 

544 Decrescentis, Frank 
 

545 Dedape, Giuseppi 
 

546 De Felice, Antonio 
 

547 De Felice, John 
 

548 De Filippis, Attilio Emelio 
 

549 Defino, Joseph 
 

550 Defranza, Roberto 
 

551 De Frenza, John 
 

552 De Fro, Emilio 
 

553 Degiorgia, Dante 
 

554 Degregolio, Sam Antonio 
 

555 De Gregorio, Anello 
 

556 Delaurenti, Giacomo 
 

557 Del Bell, Romeo Romano 
 

558 Delbene, Italo Gin0 
 

559 Del Buona, Carlo 
 

560 Del Coro, Biagia 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 17 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

561 Delduca, Antonio 

562 De Leon, Arthur 

563 Dell 'Osso, Dina 

564 Dellacqua, Ernest 

565 Dellagatta, Federico 

566 Dellai, Reimondo 

567 Della Maggiora, Anatolio 

568 Dellangelo, Joseph 

569 Della Orazio, Lucia 

570 Dellapiane, Giuseppe 

571 Della Santina, Pietro 

572 Della Santina, Pietro 

573 Dellino, Vito 

574 Del Maschio, Alessandro 

575 De Lorenzi, Tomaso 

576 Del Osso, Ildo 

577 Del Papd, Arinita 

578 Del Papa, Assunta 

579 Del Papa, Evelio Giovanni 

580 Del Pizzo, Vincenzo 

581 Del Porto, Orseti 

582 Del Re, Giovanni 

583 Delsento, Frank 

584 Deluca, Filiberto 

585 De Luca, Francesco 

586 De Luca, Nicola Peter 

587 Deluca, Pietro 

588 Del Vigna, Paul 

589 De Maio, Vincenzo 

590 De Marchis, Leonello 

591 De Marco, Guerino F 

592 Demarcoo, Guerino Portunato 

593 Demaria, Guiseppe 
 

594 Demaria, Tom Sam 
 

595 Demartin, Joseph 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 18 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

596 Demartin-Fabbro, Giuseppe 
 

597 Demichael, Henry 

598 De Moise, Giulio 
 

599 De Mundo, Frank 
 

600 De Nordo, Geno De Motto 
 

601 Deparis, Louis Robert 
 

602 De Pier, Virgil10 
 

603 De Piero, Louis 
 

604 De Piero, Virgilio 
 

605 Depoliti, Simone 
 

606 De Ranieri, Lelio 
 

607 Deregibus, Cesare 
 

608 Derensis, Gennaro 
 

609 De Renzi, Gaetano 
 

610 Dernello, Otto Anthony 
 

611 Dernelo, Otto Anthony 
 

612 Derossi , Edinurid 

613 De Santis, Corrado 
 

614 De Santis, Grimoldo 
 

615 Desanto, Luigi 
 

616 Desiglioli, Stefan0 
 

617 De Simone, Frank 
 

618 Dessena, Giovanni 
 

619 De Stafano, Tullio 
 

620 Destito, Domenico 
 

621 Devito, Michele 
 

622 De Vito, Saverio 
 

623 De Zaiacomo, Giovanni Battista 
 

624 Di Angelo, James 
 

625 Di Archangelo, Nicholas 
 

626 Dibenedetto, Antonio 
 

627 Di Benedetto, Augustino 
 

628 Di Biuro, Francesco Antionio 
 

629 Di Bugnara, Illidio 
 

630 Di Carlo, Angelo 
 

~ ~~~ ~~~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 
 

custody during World War I1 * ~~ ~~~ 

Name 
 

631 Dicarlo, Cologero 
 

632 Di Carlo, Francesco 
 

633 Di Carlo, Frank 
 

634 Di Casa, Davide 
 

635 Di Cello, Frank 
 

636 Dicenso, Italo A 
 

637 Dicillis, Albert Matthew 
 

638 Di Diuro, Francesco Antonio 
 

639 Di Donato, Alfredo 
 

640 Di Fazio, Giuseppe 
 

641 Di Fillipo, Vincenzo 
 

642 Difillipo, Vincenzo 
 

643 Diqhero, Domenito 
 

644 Di Gillis, Albert Matthew 
 

645 Di Giorgia, Vincenzo 
 

646 Di Girolamo, Carlo 
 

647 Digiuro, Guy 
 

648 Di Guira, Giovanni Favaino 
 

649 Di Legge, Luke Anthony 
 

650 Di Luzio, Sabatino 
 

651 Di Maccio, Vincent 
 

652 Di Maglio, Vincenzo 
 

653 Di Mareo, Nicholas 
 

654 Di Martino, Giuseppe 
 

655 Di Marzo, Joseph John 
 

656 Di Mateo, Luigi 
 

657 Di Mateo, Matteo 
 

658 Di Meglio, Luigi 
 

659 Dimeglio, Vincent 
 

660 Di Mercurio, Antonio 
 

661 Dimichele, Enrico 
 

662 Di Muccio, Vincent 
 

663 Di Nallo, Bernardino 
 

664 Dinallo, Bernardino 
 

665 Dinucci, Edward 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 20 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 
 

custody during World War I1 * 

666 Dionisio, Mario Arsento 
 

667 Di Palma, Vincent 
 

668 Di Paula, Salvatore 
 

669 Di Paulo, Salvatore 
 

670 Di Prospero, Felice 
 

671 Di Rosa, Salvatore 
 

672 Di Salvo, Giuseppi 
 

673 Disalvo, Guiseppi 
 

674 Di Santas, Tony 
 

675 Di Simone, Francesco 
 

676 Di Stephano, Giovanni 
 

677 Di. Tosti, Albert 
 

678 Di Ventura, Vito 
 

679 Diviot, Michele 
 

680 Di Virgilio, Giuseppe 
 

681 Dobrich, Rafael 
 

682 Doddro, Francisco Pete 
 

683 Doglio, Magglorini 
 

684 Dolce, Tony Anthony 
 

685 Dolfi, Maria Domenica 
 

686 Domenco, Ricchuti 
 

687 Domenici, Lorenzo 
 

688 Domenici, Pietro 
 

689 Domino, Dominic 
 

690 Donati, Calliope 
 

691 Donati, Julio 
 

692 Donato, Anthony 
 

693 Donato, Antonio 
 

694 Donato, Giuseppe 
 

695 Dondi, Pacific0 
 

696 Dondosella, Antonio 
 

697 Don Giovanni, Francesco 
 

698 Donini, Ambrose 
 

699 Dorato, Giuseppe 
 

700 Doria, Frank 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 21 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

701 Doveri, Angelo Andrew 
 

702 Duci, Francesco 
 

703 Durigano, Allesandro Giovanni 
 

704 Elie, Carlo Eugene 
 

705 Elviro, Carlo 
 

706 Emolo, Angelo 
 

707 Enciroli, Giovanni E 
 

708 Enea, Albert 
 

709 Ercoli, Egidio 
 

710 Esposito, Giulio 
 

711 Euliano, Pietro 
 

712 Evangelista, Serafino 
 

713 Fabbri, Alessandro 
 

714 Fabbrini, Vittorio 
 

715 Fabbro, Erasno 
 

716 Faccini, John 
 

717 Fdccirii, Viricenzo 
 

718 Fachini, Pellegrino 
 

719 Fadero, George 
 

720 Fadiga, Pietro 
 

721 Fagarazzi, Luigi 
 

722 Fagliai, Ferro Francis 
 

723 Fagnani, Christina 
 

724 Fagnani, Thresa 
 

725 Fagone, Antoinette 
 

726 Failla, Gecchino 
 

727 Falasca, Giovanni 
 

728 Falasco, Norbert0 
 

729 Falcone, Ernesto 
 

730 Falcone, Joseph 
 

731 Falcucci, Pietro 
 

732 Falvo, Antonio 
 

733 Falvo, Francesco 
 

734 Fanesi, Vincenzo 
 

735 Fantine, William 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after exLensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 

736 Fanucchi, Guiseppi Lui 
 

737 Farcomeni, Dominick 
 

738 Fardella, Frank 
 

739 Farese, Biagio 
 

740 Farina, Adam Attilio 
 

741 Farina, Eduardo Mario Pedro 
 

742 Faringo, Vincenzo 
 

743 Farruggio, Mary 
 

744 Fata, Giovanni 
 

745 Fatica, Victor 
 

746 Fatica, Vitale 
 

747 Favata, Charles 
 

748 Favero, Antonio 
 

749 Favio, Lucio 
 

750 Favoino, Giovanni 
 

751 Favretto, Ettore 
 

752 Fedeli, Victor 
 

753 Federici, Vito (Victor) 
 

754 Federico, Giuseppe Costanza 
 

755 Felicia, Giuseppe 
 

756 Feltracco, Giuseppe 
 

757 Ferone, Anthony 
 

758 Ferraiola, Luigi 
 

759 Ferrando, Luigi 
 

760 Ferrante, Peter Cinna 
 

761 Ferrante, Pietro 
 

762 Ferrara, Antonino 
 

763 Ferrara, Giacomo Joseph 
 

764 Ferrari, Vittorio 
 

765 Ferrarini, August 
 

766 Ferrario, Carlo 
 

767 Ferrario, Enea Mario 
 

768 Ferrario, Mario Egidio 
 

769 Ferraris, Carl0 
 

770 Ferraro, Carmelo 
 

~~ ~~__~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 23 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

771 Ferrero, Enrico Federico 
 

772 Ferrero, Louis 
 

773 Ferretti, Guido 
 

774 Ferrini, Aureilo 
 

775 Ferruccio, Michelini 
 

776 Fiacco, Dominik 
 

777 Fiata, Michael Joseph 
 

778 Ficalora, Vita Lentini 
 

779 Ficarra, Pasquale 
 

780 Ficca, Albert Elis 

781 Fideli, Victor 
 

782 Filicotto, Francesco 
 

783 Filipas, Joseph Albino 
 

784 Fillecia, Giuseppe �1 

785 Filoso, Rocco 
 

786 Finelli, Donato 
 

787 Firitz, Michael Joseph 

788 Fiore, Antonio 
 

789 Fiore, Pepina 
 

790 Fiorenza, Frank 
 

791 Fioroni, Rem0 F 
 

792 Fisami, Giuseppe 
 

793 Fistolera, Giovanni Battista 
 

794 Fiumara, Anthony 
 

795 Flumiani, Carlo 
 

796 Folcorelli, Alessandro 
 

797 Fomia, Aldo 
 

798 Fontuna, Ceare 
 

799 Forcellese, Luigi 
 

800 Fordelone, Filippo Giacomo 
 

801 Forino, Lenzi 
 

802 Forno, Leandro Antonion Mario 
 

803 Fortini, Giovanni 
 

804 Foschi, Orlando 
 

805 Foti, Domenic 
 

~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 24 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

806 Fragale, Frank 

807 Fraqapane, Frank 

808 Franceschi, Angel0 

809 Francesco, Mazella 

810 Francesconi, Dante Giovanni 

811 Francesconi, Nereo 

812 Franchetti, Paolo Lazarro 

813 Franchetti, Paul 

814 Franchi, Antonio 

815 Francia, Peter 

816 Franco, Salvatore 

817 Franese, Vincenzo 

818 Franks, Mariane 

819 Franze, Pasquale 

820 Franzi, Pasquale 

821 Frascona, Anthony 

822 Frati, Ciovarini 

823 Fratterulo, Carlo 

824 Frederico, Joseph 

825 Frediani, Giovanni 

826 Frenchmeyer, Tony 

827 Friqnati, Mario Pele 

828 Frigo, Ettore 

829 Friino, Ferdinand0 

830 Frisco, Vincenzo 

831 Frisone, Antonio 

832 Frisone, Placid0 

833 Frkovics, Mihel 

834 Frola, Agostino Luigi 

835 Frosali, Henry A. 

836 Frosiciomoci, Tony 

837 Fruqoli, Etalo Toni 

838 Fucaloro, Paul 

839 Fulco, Joe Giuseppe 

840 Fumagalli, Ernesto 

~~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix 11). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to i.dentify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 25 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

841 Gaaudio, Carlo M. 
 

842 Gabusi, John Baitista 
 

843 Gaetanno, Nanni 
 

844 Gagliardi, Francesco 
 

845 Gagliardi, Gregorio 
 

846 Gagliardi, Mauro 
 

847 Gaglione, Cristoforo 
 

848 Gaidona, John 
 

849 Galderisi, Gennaro Fedele 
 

850 Galea, Giobatta 
 

851 Galeotti, John 
 

852 Galli, Giocondo 

853 Gallo, Arcangelo 

854 Gallo, Giovanni 

855 Gambino, Salvatore Rosari 

856 Gamboni, Ciro 

857 Gamboni, Ciro 

858 Gancioni, Sazen Umberto 

859 Gangi, Ciro 

860 Garassino, Charles Armando 

861 Garaventa, Louis 

862 Garbin, Leonard0 

863 Garese, Joseph Bartolomeo 

864 Gariasso, Vincenso 

865 Garlisi, Vincenzo 

866 Garofalo, Pietro 

867 Garzoglio, Eduardo Lorenzo 

868 Gasparini, Giobatta 

869 Gattaneo, Lorenzo 

870 Gatto, Ronaldo 

871 Gattuso, Francesco 

872 Gaudio, Attilio 

873 Gazda, Antoine 

874 Gelardo, Antone 

875 Gelo, Nicola 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 26 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

876 Geltrude, Damiano 

877 Gemignani, Elian 

878 Gemignani, Lido Ernest0 

879 Genardi, Giuseppe 

880 Genignani, Lido 

881 Genire, Brumo 

882 Gennatiempo, Giuseppe 

883 Genovese, Frank 

884 Genovese, Giuseppe 

885 Genovese, Silvio 

886 Gentile, Anthony 

887 Gentile, John 

888 Gerace, Anthony Nicholas 

889 Geraci, Bernard0 

890 Geracoiti, Thomas 

891 Gerards, Phillip 

892 Ger'lIlinariO, Cosimo 

893 Germino, Carmen 

894 Gerutti, Alexander 

895 Ghego, Paulina 

896 Ghibaudo, Ferdinand0 

897 Ghiga, Paulina 

898 Ghirardi, Aldo 

899 Ghisolfi, Francesco 

900 Giacchero, Luigi 

901 Giacchero, Remigio Tomma 

902 Giacoloni, Pietro 

903 Giacomo, Greco 

904 Giacopello, Giobatta 

905 Gianini, Jim 

906 Gianni, Amedeo 

907 Gianni, Eugenio 

908 Gianni, Pietro 

909 Giannoni, Leo 

910 Giannotti, Guiseppe 

of 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 27 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

911 Giannotti, Nicholas 

912 Giannuzzi, Antonio 

913 Giarcaterino, Rocco 

914 Gillen, George Guido 

915 Gioffre, Vincenzo 

916 Giondano, Lorenzo 

917 Giordano, Carlo 

918 Giordano, Gaetano 

919 Giordano, Lorenzo 

920 Giovanditti, Michele 

921 Giovanelli, Giovanni Battista 

922 Giovannoni, Gin0 

923 Giovannoni, Joseph 

924 Giove, Filipp 

925 Ciraldi, Alfred 

926 Girardi, Filippo 

927 Girolamo, Andrao 

928 Girolano, Carlo 

929 Giucci, Sofo 

930 Giustetto, John Gaspare Lorenz 

931 Giusti, Adolfo 

932 Giusti, Antone Fred 

933 Giusti, Corrado Giovanni 

934 Giusti, Enrico 

935 Glores, Angelo 

936 Gloria, Angelo 

937 Glorioso, Rosario 

938 Gnoff, Salvatore 

939 Gnoffo, Salvatore Peter 

940 Gobbi, Julio 
 

941 Gogna, Eugenio 
 

942 Gondola, John Frank 
 

943 GOOS, Giuseppe 

944 Gorgolino, Nick 
 

945 Gottuso, Francesco 
 

~~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the u.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 28 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

946 Gracelli, Ferdinand0 Baldo 

947 Granata, Santo 

948 Graziano, Gavioli 

949 Greco, Agostino 

950 Greco, Giacomo 

951 Greco, Guiseppi 

952 Gregory, Pitro Dominick 

953 Grieco, Domenico 

954 Grinaldi, Cesare Rene 

955 Grosse, Lucia J 

956 Grosso, Mario 

957 Guaglianone, Fernando 

958 Guaglianone, Luigi 

959 Guagnano, Joseph 

960 Guardabassi, Count E’rancesco Marie 

961 Guarino, Angelo 

962 Guarrata, Enrico 

963 Guerini, Guiseppe 

964 Guerra, Angelo Din0 

965 Guerrio, Guest 

966 Guglielmo, Rocco 

967 Guglielmone, Armando 

968 Gugliemino, Pietro 

969 Gugliotta, Carmen 

970 Gugliotta, Joe 

971 Gugno, Mariano 

972 Guidi, Giovanni 
 

973 Guidi, Joseph 
 

974 Guidi-Buttrini, Ubaldo 
 

975 Guidici, Martino 
 

976 Guido, Peppino Bardini 
 

977 Guisti, Enrice 
 

978 Gullo, Cocettina 
 

979 Gulotta, Rosa Mary 
 

980 Harlise, Vincenzo 
 

I 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 29 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

981 Harper, Mafalia 
 

982 Hola, Michael Jamos 
 

983 Hoppe, Claudia Maria 
 

984 Iaccino, Louis Anthony 
 

985 Iacobellis, Rocco 
 

986 lacoviello, Onofrio 
 

987 Ianni, Francesco 
 

988 Iema, Rosario 
 

989 Iincantro, Filadelfo 
 

990 Ilaqua, Carmelo 
 

991 Imborsciano, Anthony Louis 
 

992 Impagliazzo, Giuseppe 
 

993 Indri, Pietro 
 

994 Intino, Guiseppe 
 

995 Iorio, John Mike 
 

996 Iosca, Concetta 
 

997 Imine, Arc1ii.e 
 

998 Iovino, Guiseppe 
 

999 Ippolito, William 
 

1000 Irrera, Joseph 
 

1001 Irrera, Rosario 
 

1002 Iucaccini, Faliero 
 

1003 Jacque, Mary 
 

1004 Jossa, Mariano 
 

1005 Jura, Jim 
 

1006 Kamei, Antonio 
 

1007 Knapich, Mike 
 

1008 Kobaich, Angelo 
 

1009 Labbate, Anthony 
 

1010 La Bruzzo, Michale 
 

1011 Lacaluso, Francesco 
 

1012 La Cenere, Victorio 
 

1013 Lacolla, Giuseppe M 
 

1014 Laculli, Vincenzo 
 

1015 La Fata, Michele 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 

1016 La Greca, Joseph Thomas 

1017 Lamberti, Enrico Giovanni 

1018 La Monica, Joseph 

1019 La Monica, Nunziato 

1020 Landini, Amabile 

1021 Lanza, Rosaria 

1022 La Penta, Vincent 

1023 Laperqola, Rocco 

1024 Lapiano, Nunzio 

1025 Lari, Ray Voir 

1026 Laricchiuto, Nicola Nick 

1027 Larron, Clyde Evers 

1028 Lasalandra, Nicola 

1029 Lascola, Joe 

1030 Lastretto, Carlos B 

1031 Latorraoa, Domenico 

1032 LaLtariti, Dariiel Eugene 

1033 Laurenti, Carlo John 

1034 Lauretti, Piacentino 

1035 Laval, Guido Albert 

1036 Lazzaro, Dominick 

1037 Lazzaro, Luigi Eduardo 

1038 Lazzaro, Raggio Paciano 

1039 Lazzerini, Remigio 

1040 Lazzerini, Settimo 

1041 Leqge, John Angelo 

1042 Lelario, Marietta 

1043 Lenardon, Carlo 

1044 Lentini, James 

1045 Lenzi, Guido 

1046 Leonardi, Battista 

1047 Leonardi, Giuseppe 

1048 Lepori, August0 Frank 

1049 Lepresti, Quintino 
 

1050 Liberatore, Donald Richard 
 

~~ ~~ ~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 31 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 

1051 Licastro, Frank 

1052 Lidovichi , Pietro 

1053 Ligresti, Sebastiano 

1054 Lilli, Mary Pasqualina 

1055 Lina, Barbara Lene 

1056 Lintini, Croce 

1057 Linzi., Giuseppe 

1058 Lipoli, Dominic0 

1059 Lippi, Leopoldo 

1060 Li.santi , Domenico 

1061 Lisiola, Giusepe 

1062 Lito, Raffaeta 

1063 Locati, Eligio 

1064 Lococo, Giuseppe 

1065 Lolli, Eugenio 

1066 Lomardo, Salvatore 

1067 Loinbardi, Frank 

1068 Lombardo, Gustavo Raul 

1069 Lombardo, John 

1070 Lombardo, Josephine 

1071 Lombardo, Rosario 

1072 Lombardo, Ugo 

1073 Lombari, Frank 

1074 Lonconte, Luigi 

1075 Longe, Tony 

1076 Longhini, Christiana 

1077 Longhini, Cristiano 

1078 Longhotti, Louis 

Rodolfe 

1079 Longobucco, John Anthony 

1080 Lopreste, Joe 

1081 Lopresti, Quintino 

1082 Loquet, Marco 

1083 Lorenzi, Salvatore 

1084 Lorenziai, Salvatore 

1085 Lorenzo, Emilio 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (See Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 32 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1086 Lotti, Egidio 

1087 Lovasco, Poalo 

1088 Lovi, Salvatore 

1089 Lubatti, Francesco 

1090 Lubrana, Capitono Zaccaria 

1091 Lubrano, Zaccaria 

1092 Lucaccini, Faliero Marzi 

1093 Lucchese, Constantino Eugeni.0 

1094 Lucchesi, Angelo 

1095 Lucchesi, Evandro 

1096 Lucchesi, Salvatore 

1097 Lucci, Enzo Rangoni 

1098 Luccorelli, Paul 

1099 Lucente, Rizzieri 

1100 Lucid, John Antonio 

1101 Luciani, Enea 

1102 Lucidu, Fr-ancesco 

1103 Lucido, Salvatore 

1104 Luco, La Nigro 

1105 Lupico, Julius Joseph 

1106 Lupino, Rocco 

1107 Lupo, Arminio Guggino 

1108 Lupoli, Domenico 

1109 Lussi, Cosensi 

1110 Macalusa, Angelo 

1111 Macalusa, Anna 

1112 Macaluso, Anbrogia 

1113 Macaluso, Francesco 

1114 Maccarini, Antonio 

1115 Macchione, Francesco 

1116 Macco, Rosario Charles 

1117 Macri, Domenico 

1118 Mafodda, Carmine 

1119 Magestroni, Pietro Vittorio 

1120 Maggerono, Mike 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 33 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1121 Maggini, Giacomo 
 

1122 Maggiora, Anatolio 
 

1123 Maggiora, Victor Martin 
 

1124 Magliacano, Ernest0 
 

1125 Magni, Pasquala 
 

1126 Magnino, Giacomo 
 

1127 Magnisi, Camillo 
 

1128 Magnone, Fioravanti 
 

1129 Magnozzi, Cesare 
 

1130 Magra, Angelo 
 

1131 Maineri., Eugenio 
 

1132 Maino, Giuseppe Graziaso 
 

1133 Maio, Tomaso 
 

1134 Maiolo, John 
 

1135 Maiorana, Giovanni 
 

1136 Maiorana, Salvatore 
 

1137 Mdiordnd, Urlknown 
 

1138 Maita, Basil 
 

1139 Maitilasso, Donato 
 

1140 Maltese, Nathan 
 

1141 Manao, Frank 
 

1142 Manca, Victor Frank 
 

1143 Manchini, George 
 

1144 Mancini, Antonio 
 

1145 Mancini, George 
 

1146 Mancini, Luigi 
 

1147 Mancuso, Francisco 
 

1148 Mandala, Jerome James 
 

1149 Manela, Giuseppe 
 

1150 Manfe, Louis 
 

1151 Maniscalco, Joe 
 

1152 Mannecchia, Ignio Achile 
 

1153 Manocchio, Pietro 
 

1154 Manpe, Louie 
 

1155 Manse, Louise 
 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list wds compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 34 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1156 Manzi, Antonio 
 

1157 Manzo, Michael 
 

1158 Manzoni, Rudolph0 
 

1159 Maracci, Giacchino Domenico 
 

1160 Maradei, Giuseppe 
 

1161 Marafioti, Giuseppe 
 

1162 Maranzano, Pierino 
 

1163 Marasco, Frank 
 

1164 Marchi, Albert 
 

1165 Marchiano, Giuseppe 
 

1166 Marchio, Vittario Giuseppe 
 

1167 Marchisio, Ilda 
 

1168 Marcontoni, Raffaele 
 

1169 Maretello, John 
 

1170 Mariciocch, Abele 
 

1171 Marino, Felice 
 

1172 Marino, Salvatore 
 

1173 Mariotti, Carlo 
 

1174 Mariotti, Coluccio 
 

1175 Marketello, John 
 

1176 Maroni, John 
 

1177 Marquco, Leonard0 
 

1178 Marquise, Maria 
 

1179 Marra, Gaetano Charles 
 

1180 Marracci, Giavacchino Doming0 
 

1181 Marrazzo, Domenico 
 

1182 Marseguerra, Frank 
 

1183 Marta, Tony 
 

1184 Martinelli, Ugo Daniel 
 

1185 Martini, Ettore 
 

1186 Martini, Gin0 
 

1187 Martini, Pi0 Bendetto 
 

1188 Martini, Ugo 
 

1189 Martino, Joseph 
 

1190 Martinolich, Riccardo 
 

of 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 35 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1191 Marucci, Quintino 

1192 Marzi, Antonio 

1193 Marzucco, Gaspare 

1194 Marzuco, Antonina 

1195 Marzuco, Gaspare 

1196 Marzuco, Leo 

1197 Marzuco, Leonard0 

1198 Mascarella, Anthony 

1199 Maschio, Luigi 

1200 Mascia, Giuseppe 

1201 Mascola, Nicola Antonio 

1202 Mascoline, Vincenzo 

1203 Masetti, Andrew 

1204 Massa, Tony 

1205 Massagli, Lorenzo John 

1206 Massaro, Antonio 

1207 Massei , Giuseppe Joseph 

1208 Masseni, Domenico 

1209 Massimigliono, Palmiro 

1210 Massucco, Giubatto 

1211 Mastrangelo, Michele 

1212 Mastropierro, Corrado Luigi 

1213 Materazzo, Thomas 

1214 Matteucci, Etalo 

1215 Matteucci, Guiseppi 

1216 Matteucci, Nello 

1217 Mattioli, Cesare 

1218 Mattucci, Etalo 

1219 Maturani, Julius 

1220 Mauro, August0 Charles 

1221 Mauro, Pasquale 

1222 Mautono, Asensio 

1223 Mazella, Giovanni 

1224 Mazza, Pasquale 

1225 Mazza, Pete 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 36 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1226 Mazzanti, Giuseppe 

1227 Mazzei, Alfred Phillip 

1228 Mazzei, John 

1229 Mazzeo, Michele 

1230 Mazzera, Henry A 

1231 Mazziere, Sesto 

1232 Mazzilli, Giuseppe 

1233 Mazzo, Frank Paolo 

1234 Mazzola, Frank 

1235 Mazzola, Michele 

1236 Mazzota, Veneranda 

1237 Mealo, Vincenzo 

1238 Megale, Vincent 

1239 Meggsto, Mariana 

1240 Melano, John 

1241 Mellusi, Jack Giaccomo 

1242 Memlsririi , Frank 

1243 Mencarelli, Vitale 

1244 Mendolia, Gaspare 

1245 Mendolia, Rosanio 

1246 Menegat, Joseph 

1247 Menichetti, Vittorio 

1248 Mennella, Antonio 

1249 Mennucci, Italo Frank 

1250 Meno, Francisco 

1251 Menovese, Francesteo 

1252 Menucci, Pompeo 

1253 Meo, Mary Defazio 

1254 Mercurio, Gaetano 

1255 Mercurio, Teresa 

1256 Merino, Joseph Henry 

1257 Merla, Mike 

1258 Merlo, Agostino 

1259 Merlo, Mike 

1260 Merti, Virginio 

-~ ~ 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate dnd thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 37 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1261 Messina, Filadelfio 
 

1262 Messina, Joseph Giuseppe 
 

1263 Messina, Vito Charles 
 

1264 Meuli, Dominic 
 

1265 Mezzina, Vincenzo 
 

1266 Miano, Giuseppe 
 

1267 Miccolois, Nicole 
 

1268 Micheletti, Evergisto 
 

1269 Michielin, Feruccio 
 

1270 Migliore, Rosario 
 

1271 Mignone, Anthony 
 

1272 Milani, Carlo 
 

1273 Milano, Joseph Peter 
 

1274 Militello, Ignazio 
 

1275 Millevoi, John 
 

1276 Minatta, Mario Lawrence 
 

1277 Minervini, Sevario 
 

1278 Minigio, Antonio 
 

1279 Minoli, Giuseppe 
 

1280 Minotti, Filippo 
 

1281 Mirillo, Frank 
 

1282 Misuraca, Bernard0 Gustavo Arturo 
 

1283 Moise, Giulio 
 

1284 Mola, Michael James 
 

1285 Molaro, Verginio 
 

1286 Molinari, Attilio 
 

1287 Molinari, Filippo 
 

1288 Monaco, Angelo 
 

1289 Monaco, Lorete 
 

1290 Monaco, Loreto 
 

1291 Monaco, Lorita 
 

1292 Moncado, Salvatore Diego 
 

1293 Mondini, Valerio Francesco 
 

1294 Monesi, Gin0 Alto 
 

1295 Monge, Antonio 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 38 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during world War I1 * 

Name 
 

1296 Montalboddi, Donatello Fillippo 

1297 Montanari, Antonio Massimo 

1298 Monte, Gaspre Jasper 

1299 Monte, Verde Giovanni 

1300 Monteleone, Ferdinando 

1301 Monteleone, Salvatore 

1302 Monteverdi, Giovanni 

1303 Monti, Antonio 

1304 Monti, Bruno Giovanni 

1305 Montilli, Joseph 

1306 Monzelglio, Evasio 

1307 Morelli, Giulia Gaddi 

1308 Morelli, Nunzio Mario 

1309 Morgano, Angelo 

1310 Moro, Luigi 

1311 Mortani, Fabrisio Angelo 

1312 Morzio, Carmine 

1313 Moseti, Andrida 

1314 Mosooni, Antonio Guisseppe 

1315 Moteleone, Ferdinando 

1316 Motondo, Viccane 

1317 Mouli, Dominic 

1318 Mozzillo, Louis 

1319 Mugoli, John 

1320 Mule, Gaetano 

1321 Mule, Paolo 

1322 Mule, Santa 

1323 Mumulo, Joseph 

1324 Munna , Salvatore 

1325 Munno, Francesco 

1326 Murani , Umberte 

1327 Musa, Bernardino Luigi 

1328 Musacco, Dominick 

1329 Musacco, Michele 

1330 Muscelli, Guimilos 

of 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 39 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1331 Muscola, Vincenzo 

1332 Muscolo, Fern Mary 

1333 Musette, Andrew 

1334 MUSSO, Guiseppe 

1335 MUSSO, Joe Domenick 

1336 MUSSO, Peter Paul 

1337 Muzio, Domenico Giovani 

1338 Muzzi, Michael 

1339 Muzzin, Americo 

1340 Muzzin, Guglielmo 

1341 Nahum, Vittorio 

1342 Napoli, Constantine 

1343 Napolitano, Antonio 

1344 Narciso, Simi. 

1345 Nardi, Vittorio 

1346 Nardini, Massimo 

1347 Nd tale, Domiriico 

1348 Negri, Rinaldo G. 

1349 Nemez, Giudo 

1350 Nicita, Raffaele 

1351 Nicola, Faustino 

1352 Nicola, Parente 

1353 Nicolini, Teodor 

1354 Nicosia, Emanuele 

1355 Nigretti, John 

1356 Nigro, Viveinzo 

1357 Nola, Michael James 

1358 Nordio, Mario Naldi 

1359 Novario, Josephine 

1360 Novel, Francesco 

1361 Nudo, Anthony 

1362 Nudo, Louis 
 

1363 Nuti, John 
 

1364 Ofifani, Albert 
 

1365 Olivieri, Giovanni 
 

of 

* 	 Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1366 Ollino, Peter 

1367 Olori, Narcisco 

1368 Onesto, Luigi 

1369 Ordano, Giobatta 

1370 Orlandini, Angel0 

1371 Orlando, Mercurio Mike 

1372 Orsi, Stesano Naciso 

1373 Orsini, Angeline 

1374 Orsini, Antonio 

1375 Ortis, Giuseppe Giovanni 

1376 Osso, Fiorante 

1377 Ottomano, Giuseppe 

1378 Pace, Francesco Antonio 

1379 Pacifici, Dorothea Katharina 

1380 Padalino, John 

1381 Padrini, Gin0 

1382 Pagario , Vincenzo 

1383 Paglini, Ferruccio Francesco 

1384 Pagni, Guglioimo 

1385 Paladini, Pietro 

1386 Paladino, Giacomo Vita Paolo 

1387 Paladino, Vincent 

1388 Palascow, Luigi 

1389 Palazzo, Rosario 

1390 Paleari, Giovanni 

1391 Paliaga, Antonio 

1392 Palillo, Michael 

1393 Palino, Frank 

1394 Paltro, Giacomo Carlo 

1395 Palumba, Vincenzo Jim 

1396 Palumbo, Gennaro 

1397 Palumbo, Mariano 

1398 Palumbo, Vincent 

1399 Pampolini, Albert0 

1400 Panalino, John 

~~ ~~ 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 41 
 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1401 Panarielle, Giovanni 
 

1402 Panciatichi, Francesco 
 

1403 Pannitto, Carmine 
 

1404 Pano, Gio 
 

1405 Panseri, Guido 
 

1406 Pantalone, Vito Pietro 
 

1407 Panzarella, Salvatore 
 

1408 Paolelia, Nicholas Eugene 
 

1409 Paoli, Dante 
 

1410 Paolucci, Joseph 
 

1411 Paparella, Michele 
 

1412 Paracchini, Romeo Domenico 
 

1413 Pardini, Giovanni 
 

1414 Pardini, Luigi 
 

1415 Pardo, Francesca 
 

1416 Parenti, Albert 
 

1417 Pdrenti, Pia Mary 
 

1418 Pareopiano, John Anthony 
 

1419 Parise, Salvatore 
 

1420 Parmisano, Savatino 
 

1421 Pasini, Giobato Erninigildo 
 

1422 Pasonello, Phillip Stanislao 
 

1423 Pasqua, Cassro 
 

1424 Pasqualino, Giuseppe 
 

1425 Pasquinelli, Sabatino 
 

1426 Pasquini, Arturo 
 

1427 Passara, Antonio 
 

1428 Passuello, Philip 
 

1429 Pastorino, Tomaso 
 

1430 Patricia, John 
 

1431 Patrucci, Diego 
 

1432 Patti, Cesare 
 

1433 Paturzo, Mario 
 

1434 Pavan, Guiseppe 
 

1435 Pavia, Salvatore 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 42 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1436 Pazma, Livio 
 

1437 Pecunia, Giovanni 
 

1438 Pedone, Ralph 
 

1439 Pedri, Dente 
 

1440 Pedrini, Massino 
 

1441 Pegararo, Giuseppe 
 

1442 Peireno, Ermenagildo 
 

1443 Pellarin, Sante 
 

1444 Pellegrini, Francisco 
 

1445 Pellegrino, Salvatore Mario 
 

1446 Pellini, Eugene 
 

1447 Pellolio, Anselmo 
 

1448 Peloso, Pietro 
 

1449 Peluso, Vi-ncenza Lapenna 
 

1450 Pembare, Pasquale 
 

1451 Penna, Giuseppe 
 

1452 Peidro, Dorrtenico 
 

1453 Perata, Felix 
 

1454 Perata, John 
 

1455 Perata, Stina 
 

1456 Perciavalle, Vincenzo 
 

1457 Perone, Francesco 
 

1458 Perri, Guiseppe 
 

1459 Perri, Pasquale 
 

1460 Perrone, Matteo 
 

1461 Pertot, Carlo Bruno 
 

1462 Pesce, Gaetano 
 

1463 Pescetto, Giovanni Battista 
 

1464 Pescio, Angelo Celestino 
 

1465 Petrella, Joseph 
 

1466 Petrelli, Natalino 
 

1467 Petri, Giovanni 
 

1468 Petrilla, Joseph 
 

1469 Petrillo, Angelo Michele 
 

1470 Petroni, Corrado 
 

Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 
 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough , 

, accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 43 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1471 Phillipo, Vincent 

1472 Piacentini, Ettore 

1473 Piazzi, Joseph 

1474 Picallela, Frank 

1475 Picchetti, Adolph 

1476 Piccione, Paul 

1477 Piccirillo, Louis Matthew 

1478 Picco, Giovanni 

1479 Picco, John 

1480 Picconi, Giulio 

1481 Picinich, Dominic Tony 

1482 Picone, Melchiore 

1483 Pidala, Anthony 

1484 Piergiorgi, Giuseppi 

1485 Pietanza, Vito 

1486 Pighin, Fedele 

1487 Pilato, Ariyelo 

1488 Pilotti, Battista 

1489 Pinasco, Giobatta 

1490 Pinosi, Giovanni 

1491 Pinto, Angelo Antonio 

1492 Pinza, Ezio 

1493 Pio, George 

1494 Piraino, Giuseppe Gioryio 

1495 Pirelli, Luigi 

1496 Pisa, Francesco 

1497 Pisani, Carlo Armedro 

1498 Pisani, Giuseppe 

1499 Pitanello, Pasquale 

1500 Pitassi, Giacomo Domenico Pasquale 

1501 Pizzicaro, Patsy Charles 

1502 Poaus, Arturo 

1503 Podesta, Giovanni Guseppe 

1504 Podio, Antonio 

1505 Pola, Benvenuto 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 44 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

1520 Porta, Vito 

1521 Portara, Giovanni 

1522 Pofto, Viricenxo 

1523 Positeri, Mariano Anthony 

1524 Pottiene, Pietro 

1525 Pozzecco, Burno 

1526 Prampolini, Alberto 

1527 Prato, Pasquale 

1528 Pravettoni, Paul 

1529 Preising, August Adam 

1530 Previdi, Francisco 

1531 Principe, Albino 

1532 Principeo, Enrico Henry 

1533 Priori, Luigi James 

1534 Proia, Mario Edward 

1535 Pronsolino, John Carlo 

1536 Proto, Vincenze 

1537 Protto, Giuseppe 

1538 Pucci, Joe 

1539 Puccinelli, Alfredo 

, 1540 Puglisi-Allegra, Salvatore 

i * Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source materjal 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 45 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1541 Pulice, Pietro 

1542 Purificato, Giovanni 

1543 Puzio, Ciro 

1544 Quagalia, Antonio 

1545 Quaglierini, Virgilio 

1546 Quaia, Giovanni 

1547 Quaranta, Francisco 

1548 Quattrini, Francesco 

1549 Quercio, Nicola 

1550 Quilici, Angelo 

1551 Quintiliani, Antonio 

1552 Quintiliani, Donato 

1553 Raddi, Giordano 

1554 Raffanti, Daniel E 

1555 Raggio, Lazzaro Paociano 

1556 Ragusin, Marco 

1557 Rayusin, Mike 

1558 Raimondi, Ignacio 

1559 Rainando, Alfred 

1560 Ramacciotti, Albert 

1561 Ramonda, Giacomo 

1562 Randazzo, Frank 

1563 Rapisardi, Ignacio 

1564 Rasponi, Lanfranco 

1565 Rateo, Paul 

1566 Ratti, Edoardo 

1567 Ratto, Peter Paul 

1568 Ravasi, Giuseppe Beppino 

1569 Raviscioni, John Philip 

1570 Rayola, Louis 

1571 Razeta, Anthony Antonio 

1572 Razeto, Giabattista 

1573 Re, Enrico 

1574 Reata, Donato 

1575 Recagno, Alessandro 

of 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 46 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1576 Reda, Pasquale 

1577 Rega, Earnest, Mrs. 

1578 Relli, Rizzieri 

1579 Remadio, Giusepe 

1580 Rendazze, Frank 

1581 Repaci, Dominick Louis 

1582 Repatti, Rinaldo Lenard 

1583 Resio, Luigi 

1584 Restituto, Gennaro 

1585 Revello, Steve 

1586 Ribis, Santo 

1587 Ricciardelli, Mario 

1588 Riccomini, Guido 

1589 Rieaoldo, 

1590 Riggio, Dieyo Mando 

1591 Rimpini, Franc0 

1592 Rinaldi, Carmine 

1593 Rinando, Frederick 

1594 Rinaudo, Giuseppe Charles 

1595 Ritacco, Albert Francis 

1596 Riti, Michael 

1597 Rivaldi, Joseph 

1598 Rizzo, Emanuel 

1599 Rizzo, Francesco 

1600 Rizzo, Francesco 

1601 Roberti, Henry Corrado 

1602 Robino, Giuseppe Vitale 

1603 Rocchio, John 

1604 ROCCO, Luigi Giovanni 

1605 Rodi, Silvio 

1606 Rodilosso, Ernesto 

1607 Roghich, Joseph Paul 

1608 Romano, Filippo Cipri 

1609 Romoli, Guglielmo Reiss 

1610 Roppolo, Francesca 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that ligbt. 
 
Page 47 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1611 Rosacco, Vincenzo 

1612 Rosati, Antonio Iyilban 

1613 Rosati, Domenico 

1614 Rosellini, Giovacchino 

1615 Rosenberg, Maria Antonia 

1616 Rospigliosi, Girolamo 

1617 Rosselli, Victor John 

1618 Rossetti, Salvatore 

1619 Rossi, Alfred 

1620 Rossi, Bruno 

1621 Rossi, Paul 

1622 Rossi, Settimio 

1623 Rossi, Terzilio 

1624 ROSSO, Lui 

1625 Iiotondo, Sebastiano 

1626 Rovai, Valentino 

1627 Rubirio, August.irio 

1628 Rubino, Michele 

1629 Ruggerone, German0 

1630 Ruggierio, Peter Virgillia 

1631 Rugio, Anthony G 

1632 Rum, Costantino 

1633 Ruspoli, Alessandro E 

1634 RUSSO, Angelo 

1635 RUSSO, Girolomo 

1636 Rutigliano, Cataldo 

1637 RUZZU, Andrea 

1638 Sabini, Modesto 

1639 Saccone, Hugo Alfred 

1640 Safina, Giuseppe 

1641 Sagliocca, Luigi 

1642 Salermo, Sergio George 

1643 Salerno, Joseph Giuseppe 

1644 Salerno, Modesto 

1645 Salerno, Pasquale 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 48 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1646 Salvaneschi, Francesco 

1647 Salvatore, Anastasi 

1648 Salvo, Lodovico 

1649 Sampietro, Frank 

1650 Sampo, Guiseppe 

1651 Sanelli, Donato Lena 

1652 San Filippo, Phillip Domenico 

1653 Sanso, Mario 

1654 Santariga, Fabio 

1655 Santarilli, Andrew 

1656 Santarino, Joseph Alfonso 

1657 Santasero, Santolo 

1658 Santelli, Bruno William 

1659 Santini, Ruqqiero 

1660 Santucci, Casimino 

1661 Savio, Mike 

1662 Sbrdna, Giovaririi Pietrv 

1663 Scaduto, John B 

1664 Scala, Bartolomeo 

1665 Scalercio, Oreste Joseph 

1666 Scalia, John Giovanni 

1667 Scalzo, Samuel 

1668 Scannopisco, Giovanni 

1669 Scaravilli, Gaetano Nunsio 

1670 Scarfi, Francesco 

1671 Scarnecchia, Damiano 

1672 Schenune, Louis 

1673 Scherone, Louis 

1674 Schiaffino, Pietro 

1675 Sciacchitano, Rosa 

1676 Sciacco, Frances 

1677 Sciacqua, Alberto 

1678 Scicchitani, Michael Angelo 

1679 Scigliano, Benjamin Albert 

1680 Sciortino, Domenico 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 49 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 ~~ 

1681 Scisuequa, Umberto 
 

1682 Sclippa, Rino 
 

1683 Scorcia, Ambrose 
 

1684 Scorcu, Antonio 
 

1685 Scordia, Salvatore Tardo 
 

1686 Scorza, Basilio 
 

1687 Scorza, Oreste Mario 
 

1688 Scotti, Magoni Nicola 
 

1689 Sdraulig, Louis Joseph 
 

1690 Secli, Cosimo D 
 

1691 Sercia, Gioacchino 
 

1692 Sercia, Giovanni 
 

1693 Sercia, Unknown 
 

1694 Serena, Pelio 
 

1695 Serricchio, Nicholas 
 

1696 Sessa, Frank 
 

1697 Sydmbeiluri, Giuseppe 
 

1698 Sgattoni, Date 
 

1699 Sgwerso, John Albino 
 

1700 Shaul, Felix Anthony 
 

1701 Sicari, Rullell 
 

1702 Sichi, Marino 
 

1703 Sicotra, Giuseppe 
 

1704 Sicuranza, Raffaele 
 

1705 Silaco, Anthony 
 

1706 Silicato, Camelo 
 

1707 Silla, Nick 
 

1708 Silvestri, Salvatore 
 

1709 Silvestrini, Italo Louis 
 

1710 Simsich, Adolph 
 

1711 Simsich, Peter E 
 

1712 Simula, John 
 

1713 Sinerchio, Augustino Gus 
 

1714 Sinibaldi, Attilio 
 

1715 Siri, Luigi 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 50 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1716 Smaldini, Giuseppe 

1717 Smirti, Joseph 

1718 Soddu, Giuseppe 

1719 Sogaola, Joseph 

1720 Solari, Vincenzo 

1721 Sorrentino, Anthony Rodolfo 

1722 Sottorivo, Andrea 

1723 Spada, Anthony 

1724 Spadaro, Giacomo 

1725 Spanel, Anthony 

1726 Spano, Joseph 

1727 Sparacino, Nino Gaetano 

1728 Sparacino, Salvatore Luceino 

1729 Spardo, Giacomo 

1730 Spelgatti, Giovanni 

1731 Spencer, Frank 

1732 Spiriosi, Giov,.inni 

1733 Spondello, Angelo 

1734 Squelati, Zacuria 

1735 Stagnaro, Lazzaro Luigi 

1736 Stagno, Frank Joe 

1737 Stallone, Joseph 

1738 Stanghellini, Domenico 

1739 Starti, Carlo 

1740 Stefani, Rinaldo 

1741 Steffano, Dominick 

1742 Stella, Fred 

1743 Stiavelli, Sabatino 

1744 Stirpe, Nicola 

1745 Strambi, Nello 

1746 Strambi, Nello 

1747 Sturges, Sofia Pignatell 

1748 Suezi, John 

1749 Suraci, Maria 

1750 Surroz, Ireneo 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, thi.s list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 51 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1751 Suttora, Anotonio Angelo 
 

1752 Sylvernale, Gloria 
 

1753 Tabone, Francesco 
 

1754 Taddei, Mario 
 

1755 Taiani, Nicola 
 

1756 Tamagno, Claudio C.L. 

1757 Tamurello, Jake 
 

1758 Tardo, Nicholas 
 

1759 Tardo, Vincenza 
 

1760 Tarricone, Antonio 
 

1761 Tarricone, Vincenzo 
 

1762 Tedesco, Giovanni 
 

1763 Tedesco, Pauljne 
 

1764 Tempesti., Aldo 
 

1765 Tenchini, Gottardo 
 

1766 Tenker, Bruno 
 

1767 Teirdcina, Jusephine C. 
 

1768 Terracino, Antonino 
 

1769 Tessaro, Antonio 
 

1770 Tessaro, Bortolo 
 

1771 Testa, Pasquale Vincenzo 
 

1772 Theodori, Emil 
 

1773 Ticolella, Frank 
 

1774 Tieri, Guiseppe 
 

1775 Tiragello, Libero 
 

1776 Tivguisitia, Enrico 
 

1777 Todarello, Mike 
 

1778 Togneri, Benedetto 
 

1779 Tolomei, Cesare 
 

1780 Tolu, Frank 
 

1781 Tombolato, Andrew 
 

1782 Tonon, Bruno 
 

1783 Tonus, Luigi 
 

1784 Toppi, Luigi 
 

1785 Toral, Luigi 
 

of 

__I 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 - _-_ - ~ 

1786 Torelli, John Nicholas 
 

1787 Toriglia, Lorenzo Giacomo 
 

1788 Torino, Enrico 
 

1789 Tornotti, Roberto 
 

1790 Torres, Vincenzo 
 

1791 Tortora, John 
 

1792 Tortora, Luigi 
 

1793 Tortorelli, Guiseppe 
 

1794 Tosto, Antonio 
 

1795 Trama, Santo 
 

1796 Tranceina, Joseph Frank 
 

1797 Tranquillo, Casarini 
 

1798 Trapani, Ermete Mario 
 

1799 Traverso, Giacomo 
 

1800 Trentacosta, Ines 
 

1801 Trento, Guido M 
 

1802 Tribuani, kifredo Berridrd 

1803 Tridente, Samuel 
 

1804 Troglio, Giovanni 
 

1805 Trombetta, Domenico 
 

1806 Troy, Tony 
 

1807 Trucco, Andrea 
 

1808 Tucci, Philip 
 

1809 Tuftan, Frank 

1810 Turrin, Vittorio Victor 
 

1811 Tutino, Carlo 
 

1812 Uberti, Antonio 
 

1813 Umile, Francesco 
 

1814 Unale, Giacomo 
 

1815 Vaccarino, Carmelo 
 

1816 Vaccaro, Anthony 
 

1817 Vaeucci, Cesare 
 

1818 Vagnoni, William 
 

1819 Valdastri, Mario 
 

1820 Valente, Bartolomeo 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americansand Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify hdividuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 53 
 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1821 Valente, Filippo 
 

1822 Valla, Albina 
 

1823 Vallino, Antonio Bartolomeo 
 

1824 Van Bianchi, Albert0 Mario 
 

1825 Vanni, Ermete 
 

1826 Vannuccini, Luigi 
 

1827 Vaschetti, Felice Guiseppe 
 

1828 Vecchoine, Antonino 
 

1829 Vedovi, Angelo Arturo 
 

1830 Vedovi, Vincenzo R 
 

1831 Vella, Francesco 
 

1832 Vella, Francesco 
 

1833 Venditti, Achille 
 

1834 Vendramin, Sam Guiseppe 
 

1835 Ventimiglia, Domenico 
 

1836 Ventrella, Celia Iaculli. 
 

1837 VenLura, Dornirlic 
 

1838 Ventura, Enrico 
 

1839 Venturi, Virgi1i.o 
 

1840 Vercelli, Michelle 
 

1841 Verderaime, Giusseppe 
 

1842 Verdi, Vincenzo 
 

1843 Verona, Vittorio Gaetano 
 

1844 Verrando, Italo 
 

1845 Verrando, Tullio G 
 

1846 Vicsiano, Raimondo 
 

1847 Victor, Frank Manca 
 

1848 Vidal, Alfonso R 
 

1849 Vienello, Domenico Sperindeo 
 

1850 Vieni, Coloqero 
 

1851 Vinaiuolo, Augustino 
 

1852 Vincenti, Vincent 
 

1853 Vinci, Luigi 
 

1854 Vinciguerra, Pasquale 
 

1855 Viola, Rocco 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 54 
 

Section 3(2) - The names of other persons of 

Italian ancestry who were taken into 

custody during World War I1 * 

Name 
 

1856 Vitagliano, Domenico 
 

1857 Vitale, Francico 
 

1858 Vitale, Peter 
 

1859 Vivarelli, Joseph 
 

1860 Voci, Pietro 
 

1861 Von Borosini, Victor 
 

1862 Vuga, August 
 

1863 Williams, Angel0 
 

1864 Wolfe, Frank Giannoni 
 

1865 Zaccaro, Francesco 
 

1866 Zagaglione, Pietro 
 

1867 Zago, Josephine 
 

1868 Zahalia, Peter Pietro 
 

1869 Zaiz, Guiseppe 
 

1870 Zalunardo, Louis 
 

1871 Zampito, Charles Cologero 
 

1872 Zdrlgard, Zoseph 

1873 Zanonato, Carlo 
 

1874 Zanzucchi, Fernando 
 

1875 Zappelloni, Alphonse 
 

1876 Zazzero, John 
 

1877 Zenari, Joe 
 

1878 Zollezzi, Luigi Cristoforo 
 

1879 Zomer, Francecco 
 

1880 Zuffi, Domenick 
 

1881 Zunino, Antonio 
 

* Although Italian detainees who were identified as Italian seamen were eliminated wherever possible, it was not always easy 

to distinguish between Italian-Americans and Italian seamen so this list may include some seamen. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names mare than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Appendix D 
 
Page 1 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

1 Abramo, Vincenzo 

. 17nknown 

2 Acquistapace, Giacomo Pietro 

I San Fr-aiiciscu INS Detention Facility, 

. Sharp Pa.rk, Ca .I i.foi-i?.i.a 

3 Adamo, Charles 

. Ellis Island, New I'ork 

4 Adorno, Francesco 

. E'i>l-t P.l.isso(r1.a; Montana 

5 Alaimo, Vincenzo 

. Camp Forrest Tennessee 
 

. t''~.r-% Ma (?AI. e~tI~-?.T,i>kI. r3 h OIRCI 
 

. fihxiical i7.r other l~althinstitutioi~ 
 

6 Albanese, Giovanni 

. F0.7:t: M.i. ssi:?ii.I. a, Mon 1::afld 

7 Albanise, Pasquale 

. UII~IIOF~~II 

8 Albano, Giralamo 

~ irn kn0WII 

9 Alessi, Angelo 

. Unkncxim 

10 Aliotti, Unknown 

. Unknottlri 

11 Alvigini, Mario 

. Ellis Island,. New York 

. Fort Geortye Mca de , &far..j7.123 nd 

. Fort MacAlester, clklahonla 

. Fort Missoula , Nor) t:ana 

12 Appoloni, Sabri 
 

. Canip Forr-est, Tennessee 

. .Fort: Mdcr4.1 ester.,, Ok.Zahoma 

. Fort Missoula, MomLma 

. Fort: Sam fious i::on, Texas 

Califosnia 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contahed 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 2 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 3 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 4 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

~~~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 5 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

42 Bonavita, Giacomo 
 

. Ellis Island,, N-ew York 
 

. Fort Geo.t:ge Mmde I fifar:y: and 
 

43 Boncompagni-Ludovisi, Andrea 
 

. K.l..li.s .I's.Land, New Yo.rk 
 

. Fo.IT GC?CI.I..~C' Mf?d(IC? I NaI.,>r.lil nil 
 

44 Bonicelli, Alexander Dominic0 
 

. .&lgel I'slrl~~d, Cd.1i f~)rll.i.i? 
 

. Fort' M.3c:Al.est:e.r-, Oklahczid 
 

. Fcrt Sam Houston I 'l'exas 
 

. Sail F.rt?ric:isc~.INS Detent.ion Fai:.il i%y, Califo.rnia 
 

45 Bonini, Sergio 
 

. F0.z-t Lvissolrla, PdGlltanc! 
 

46 Boscarini, Giovanni Emanuele 
 

. Ed:St LioitC)11 INS I!i?tC?12tiOKJ Faci.ZitiI Pdc?.SSach~.lSett.5
 

. E:l.Lis Lslalrid, New Yor'k 
 

. Fort Geo.r-cyc?.!$eade, Ma.t-y.la.r~r.l 
 

47 Bosoni, Guido 
 

. I: 71 g-e1. L'S .! C? I1 iJ , <.Et :I. i..f<>l?Il i.d 
 

. Gmp For.res E:, Tennessee 
 

. Port Ma cAl es ter , Oklahoma 
 

. FCXt Sam HOUSti?R: Texas 
 

. Sharp Park, California 
 

48 Bossio, Gaspere 
 

. A II gel Is.I. il 23c7 I Cla i li..fc?.rII i.a 
 

. Salt lAke City INS Ueteritiori Facilit:y, 
 Utah 

49 Brancato, Andrea 
 

. El. .1..i s IS.Z R d NPW E'c>l-k 
 

. Fort Georcje Meade, Maryland 
 

50 Brocato, Phillip 
 

. Fo.rt Md crR.1.e~te.r, @k.l.a.ticmii~ 
 

. Fort Missoula ,. LVi3iltaIla 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once Where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 6 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

~~ ~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than oncc where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 7 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 8 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 9 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 

~~~~~ ~ ~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 10 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 11 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 

97 Cugno, Mariano 

. Angel Island, ilcilifo.rnia 

. Camp L7o.r-rest, T~nnessee 

. E'i2.r-t !& i:Al est~r,Oklahoma 

. .Fort: Misscru.1.a I M~iit:ana 

. siia1-p Park, California 

98 D'Onofrio, Giuseppe 

. ::amp F':3r3.--est:, Tennessee 

. Fort NacAlester, Oklahonza 

. E'~.rt.M.is.S<:>i./Za, M~ntanti 

99 Dalle Teste, Lanfranco Dwight 

. Unknom 

100 Dal Pin, Vincenzo Antonio 

. Anqe.1 .TsLarid, Ca 1.i fo:zn.i:a 

. Camp Yorrest, Tenncssee 

. "or-t. Ma cA .I est:er., O kI a I1 C" 

. Fort Sam Houston, Texas 

. Camp Foi-rest, Tennessee 

. .Fo %' t: Ma tr.4 .I es t 

102 Decimo, Guiseppe 

. Camp Forrest/ Tennessee 

. Port Missoilla, Montana 

103 Deqiorqia, Dante 

. Kenedy, Tesa.5 

104 Delbene, Italo Gin0 

. Fort &!issoula, &iOIltarla 

105 Del Coro, Biagia 

. rJnkllol;L'n 

~ ~~ ~~~ -~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M). 
 

persondl interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 12 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

~~~ ~~ __ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M). 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 13 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix N), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 14 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

I within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 15 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 16 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

145 Ferraro, Carmelo 
 

. Unk-I2or+'11 

146 Ferruccio, Michelini 

. Unknown 

147 Fillecia, Giuseppe H 

. Camp l;"i>.r:I'?si: , IT'ennessee 

. Fort &~cAlester,Oklahoma 

. F'Ort fifiSSOUl d , fiklrl t:di2d 

. Sari 4ntc?nio, Texas 

148 Finelli, Donato 
 

. Camp F'or.rest ?'ennessee 

. Fort Nacrhlester, Oklahoma 

149 Fioroni, Rem0 F 

. E.1. .I i.s .Is1d n d New York 

. Port i-Tedrcre Neade , I~Iaq~lancl 

. Fox-t- Hdc?ALester, clklahoma 

150 Fisami, Giuseppe 

. U~I~I~CIFI'II 

151 Fordelone, Filippo Giacomo 

-est: , ?'en.r) essee 

, Fort MacAlester, Oklahoma 

. F'(71-t Missorrl.a, iYont:ana 

. .FD L' t Sdnl Hc)1.1S t:Or1 , Tf:?-Sds 

152 Fragale, Frank 
 

. f;'iJl:t: Ma cA.1.est:e.r, C)k-1ahcxna 

153 Francesconi, Dante Giovanni 
 

. i-'arnp Forrest! Texmessee 

. fo.r-t;Md (?A-1.e.? t:e.r, (3k.1ahcma 

. Fort Missoula,, Montana 

. Fort Sam Houston, Texas 

154 Francesconi, Nereo 
 

. Camp Forrest, Tennessee 

. F'ort: filacA.lester, O.k.1ahoriza 

. Fort: M.issoula, Mont:ana 

. E'ost Sam Houston , !Texas 

~ ~~~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 17 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 18 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. DepaI'tment of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 19 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 20 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix A). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 21 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

195 Irrera, Rosario 
 

. Fort Missoula, Noritana 

196 Jura, Jim 

. Tw2a Caii~wri (Ttijunga) , Caiiforriia 

197 Lacaluso, Francesco 

. t;'07:t: Gt?c>~.ijre Mt?ddeI Mary-.]a~~iri 

. Eort Maclllester: Oklahoma 

. F'c7r.t: Irl:i.ssoula, Montana 

198 Laculli, Vincenzo 

. Fc71.t Itissoula, IL&~~itaria 

199 La Penta, Vincent 

. (Inkri(?wn 

200 Latorraoa, Domenico 

. C'dilip Forrest , Terinessee 

' F0.r I:. Pic3 c'A 1.es t 

. Kelledy, Texas 

201 Lazzaro, Dominick 

. ,Yo.rI:: Geo.rye I!lea:le , Mi3 ry.7.aild 

. Fox t Mi?cl!1est2;- 9k.Z a hoina 

. F'ort: Irti ..;sou.I.a, Mor]t:ana 

. Gloucester City INS Detentioii Facil.it.y, New Jersey 

202 Lazzaro, Luigi Eduardo 

. E.1.1i.s .Is.land,. New York 

203 Lazzaro, Raggio Paciano 

. Sharp Park, California 

204 Leonardi, Battista 

. Un.knnwn 

205 Lidovichi, Pietro 

. Fort Missouia, Montana 

206 Lisiola, Giusepe 

. Fort: Missoul a, ?,fori t:ana 

207 Lito, Raffaeta 

, Unknown 

208 Lococo, Giuseppe 

. Fort Missoiilcl, Montana 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 22 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~~ ~~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 23 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

218 Lupo, Arminio Guggino 
 

. Fort JfacRiester, Oklilfionia 

. M.i a m :i. .TNS D et:en t .ion Fa cri 1.:i t y I 

219 Macaluso, Francesco 

. F'ort: :;eo.rge mzy%and 

, Fo.7: t FA3 crA 1.est:e.r, Clk L ahcla:d 

. f;'O?l't H.isS(21~la; Mantau': 

220 Maccarini, Antonio 

. Fort Missoula, Ffont:ana 

221 Macri, Domenico 

. F'oL't: Ho wa1-ti/ 143 ry.1a I1ti 

222 Mafodda, Carmine 

. Ellis .Tslaud, New I'ork 

223 Maggini, Giacomo 

M i.s.!ii:>i L 1.a ,, M(3II .t.an'3 

224 Maggiora, Anatolio 

. Fort MdcAlester, OklaAomla 

. Fo.7:t- Pf.i.ssi:x.Ta, Montana 

. Fort- Sam Housto:~, Terns 

Fl. m.i.da 

. San I;'rcincisco INS iIeterit.icii F'aci.1. i.ty, 

225 Magliacano, Ernesto 

. Ellis Island, Ne!.: 1-01-k 

. F'or-t: Geo.7:ge Mea de Ma .ry.1.a n d 

. Fort MacAl es ter , Oklai2oma 

. F0.1-t: 1V.i.ssou1a MiDn ti3 11'2 

226 Magnino, Giacomo 
 

. Unki!cmI1 

227 Magnone, Fioravanti 

. .FoL't: Mi ss011.I d , PloI) t:if r1 ti 

228 Maio, Tomaso 

. Ellis Island, New Yo1-k 

229 Maiorana, Giovanni 

!S't: , !reI1ntr?Ssee 

. Fart iVacAlester, Oklahoma 

~ F'or-t: Mi SSCl(1.1 '3 , Mor,t:arta 

. Fort Sam Houston, Texas 

Cla1.i f'or.n.ia 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate dnd thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 24 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

230 Maiorana, Salvatore 
 

. Angel Island, C'alifortiia 
 

. Camp rFc)r.r.est , Tenxressee 
 

. Fort Ha cAl estel-, OkL aholm 
 

. Fort: Sani Honst:on, !%?sa:; 
 

. Siin FriincisciJ INS Detentio11 Facility, California 
 

. sharp Fa .rk, cct 1.:i ftz rrl .id 
 

231 Maiorana, Unknown 
 

. ihiknom 
 

232 Mancini, Antonio 
 

. E.7 lis Is.land, New York 
 

. Fort George Meade, Maryland 
 

233 Manzoni, Rudolph0 
 

. .Fort I&? c.4 .I. es t c?i-,. Ok.I.ahoina 
 

234 Marchio, Vittario Giuseppe 
 

. Fort Missoulcii ?Jontarid 
 

235 Marino, Felice 
 

. Uiikiiowri 
 

236 Marracci, Giavacchino Doming0 
 

. Canp F'or.resti 'Z'ennesset! 
 

. Fort Ma CAIes ter , Okl a hcma 
 

237 Marrazzo, Domenico 
 

. Fort :;eo.rge Meatle ,. Marjdanci' 
 

. Port Ma crAl es ter, Old a iioma
 

. .Fort: M.issoir.%a, M<>nIxna 

. Gloucwster City INS I?et?i.ltiorj Facility,, Nevt7 Jersey 
 

238 Marta, Tony 
 

. (:'any McCoy, W:iscons.in 
 

239 Martini, Ettore 
 

. Port Missoula, Mon tana 
 

240 Massei, Giuseppe Joseph 
 

. Ange.1 .Ts.l.antl, Ca.l .r' f-o.r.n.ia 
 

. Camp Forrest! Tennessee 
 

. t;"o.r-t Ma c?A I. ester , Okl.aZitma 
 

. Fnrt Sam Houstori, Texas 
 

. Sari l;?rarii:isc-.o .Z"5 l)c?tent::i(xi I7ac:i.l i ty, Ca%:i.f'or-ri:i.a 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 25 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 26 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 ~~ ~~ 

250 Miano, Giuseppe 

. Fort Geix-ge l&?atleI Plal-jlland 
 

, Fo.rt Jfd c:A.Les t:er., 0k.l.a homa 
 

. (;louc:est:er City INS Detention Facility, 

. i%?ci.i::al CIL- ot.her' heal t:h i.ri..;ti.t:ut:ioii 

251Michielin, Feruccio 

. Angel Island, Califor-nia 

. :.*amp .For.rest/ Teniiessce 

. Fort Mi-i~Alester,0Klatioma 

. F(3.r.t: Sam .I-1oust:on, Texas 

252 Milano, Joseph Peter 

. E.ili.s Isl.andl Nev York 

253 Minatta, Mario Lawrence 

, un kn0 Iv.n 

254 Molinari, Attilio 

. Fort 14issoula ,. 14Ontarld 

255 Molinari, Filippo 

. Carnp Forrest I Terinessec 

, F(3.7:1: IY,2(:AIest-er, 0kl.ahoma 

. Fo r't: Missoul a I kbn t:ana 

. Fort Sam Houston, Texas 

256 Monteleone, Salvatore 

. Ca111.p .For.r-f:?St/ Ten rlE?sSe~? 

. Fort Macillester, Okladonin 

. Fort M.issoal.a, Ffc)nt:ana 

. Sharp Park, California 

257 Morelli, Nunzio Mario 

. Cai~pMcCoy, C~'.~SCOIIS.~ZI 

. Fort &iacAlester, Oklahoma 

. Fort fitissou.1 a ., Pk3n tarla 

258 Moro, Luigi 

, Fort Bliss, Texas 

259 Motondo, Viccane 

. UnknoFlr, 

260 Munna, Salvatore 

. F'ort Missou_Za, Nontana 

New Jersey 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 27 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

261 Munno, Francesco 
 

. Eienedl/, Texas 
 

262 Murani, Umberte 
 

. Fort Missoula,, Montana 
 

263 Musa, Bernardino Luigi 
 

. (:'amp L;"O.L-"eS%, Y'ennessee 
 

. Fort I&?cF.lester,Oklahoma 
 

. F'ort: M.-issou.l,a, &iontans 
 

. Fo.r.t: Sarn Fious ton , Tt?xas 
 

264 Musacco, Dominick 
 

. Fort: filacAlesirer I OJkIahoma 
 

. Fort Missouia, Montana 
 

. S trinqtown, ilk1a holm 
 

265 Muzzin, Americo 
 

. Camp Forrest , I'erinessee 
 

. E'oi-t MacAlester, (?k1dhoinii 
 

. Fo I't: Missr> u 1a I&> ri t:a.:I a 
 

. Fort Sam Hi?uston, T'ersas 
 

266 Muzzin, Guglielmo 
 

. Fcx~: bfi~f?.l.e:;t~?:.,,Ok-.l.a?i~int~ 
 

. Fort Missoula, Montana 
 

267 Napoli, Constantine 
 

. l?nh-11 <>itjrl 
 

268 Nardi, Vittorio 
 

. (:'dRlP l;'C.rL'C?S'l:,%'�?tlnflSSC?e 
 

. Fort I&~cr\.lester,.Oklahoma 
 

. Fort Missould , filontam 
 

. Fo.rt Sain .HoustonI Texas 
 

269 Nardini, Massimo 
 

. Unknown 
 

270 Negri, Rinaldo G. 
 

. Ellis Island, New York 
 

. .Fort Geo.rge Neaile, Mary%axld 
 

271 Nemez, Giudo 
 

. Unknown 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 28 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 29 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 

282 Paleari , Giovanni 

. Fort Missoula, Mo~itana 

283 Paliaga, Antonio 

. Ellis Island, New York 

. F'ort: Fl.issoll.!,a, Blont:ana 

284 Panarielle, Giovanni 

. Fort Misso~la,~MDntana 

285 Panciatichi, Francesco 

. ErLli~ .I:;.Ic?l~d, N~wk'c3.r-k 

. Fort Geor:ye Meade, Naryland 

. Fort: PI~cA.les%c?.r-, Ok.1i?hoinci 

286 Panseri, Guido 

. FC7Z-t Missoula M3n tanil 

287 Panzarella , Salvatore 

, Y0.r t. M'2 CA7. (2.9 t 

288 Paracchini, Romeo Domenico 

. Angel Islzlnci,, Cnl ifornia 

. camp I~'C).T'r'2S'L: , !lt?nnt?ssee 

. Fort NacAlestei-, Oklahoma 

I Fort: Sam fic:>11st:on, l;e,xas 

289 Parenti, Albert 

. Fort Le~is,i?iclshington 

. F'o I't: Pla cA .I es i: eL' C.k.1a hoina 

290 Pasini, Giobato Erninigildo 

. CJnk1?otiin 

291 Pasqua, Cassro 

. Y0.rt. Georye Mea de I m.ry2 aili3 

. Fort MacAlester, Oklahoma 

.Fort: Missou.l d , Nor)tans 

292 Pasquini, Arturo 

. Fort George I&?ade, ~fdryla~id 

. F'or't: )fa trA.1 ester-,, I?kI ahoma 

, Fort Missouia, Hontana 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 30 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

293 Pastorino, Tomaso 

. Camp Porrest , Yennessee 

. F0.r.t MdCAJ.f:'S f.f?.K', Ok1ahCVXi5! 

. Fort MFSSOL!la, ?40i2%ana 

. Skia .rp Pa .w-k,, Ca31 i .fo.i-.iii.i;i 

294 Patti, Cesare 

. "'t MiSSOLlla; mJntcz11a 

295 Paturzo, Mario 

. F~1.r.tM~ssc)~.I.~~, Morttana 

296 Pavia, Salvatore 

. F'oz'ti Mi.sso11.1.'2 , No ri t:d x! a 

297 Pecunia, Giovanni 

. Fort Missouia ., &!on tarla 

298 Peireno, Ermenagildo 

. F'o.r/:: Mi.:;:;<J!! 1.3 MOR I:.drid 

299 Pellarin, Sante 

. Augel Island,, Californin 

s t , !I'et,nessee 

esti~sr,Okla hoina 

. Siiar-p Pa-k ., (:'a.I .i fo.rn.i.a 

300 Penna, Giuseppe 

. Fort Missoula, Nontana 

301 Perone, Francesco 

. Fort. M.is.!;<:)u1.a, Mon Laria 

302 Petrillo, Angelo Michele 

. East Boston INS Detentiori Facility, Nassachiisetts 

303 Petroni, Corrado 

. Anqd Is.Land, Ca.1 .i. f0.r.n.i.a 

. Camp Forrest, Tennessee 

. FO.rt. M~cA.Lc'S i!:C-?.r,OkZa hC~d 

. Fort MFssoula, 1L4012tana 

. .F'ox' t: Salit fJ0 (I s t:011 , 7 

. SI1a1-p Pa 1-k, Ca1ifom ia 

304 Picchetti, Adolph 

. Fort: Nac;4.7est< 

~~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individudls whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed, Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that llght. 
Page 31 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

~ ~ ~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and nay fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 32 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 33 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should he regarded in that light. 
 
Page 34 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

337 Rosacco, Vincenzo 
 

. Camp Forrest Termessee 

. F0.r.t: JG3C!A...L?S t:e.r., Ok..Zai;oma 

. Fort Missorrla, 14ontana 

338 Rosati, Domenico 
 

. Fo.r% GC?Ol.‘<JC? MC?d dt?I MdI‘.J~.I. il I?d 

. ~’c31-t HacAleste.r, (?kfahoina 

. G1 ouce.ste.t- U.it:!- INS Detention 

339 Rospigliosi, Girolamo 

. Camp Z’o~-res tI Tennessee

. Et2r-f: jdfa c.4.1 es ter,,O.kl3hoIna 

. Fort Missoilla, Non tana 

. ~.i an:.i. .INS De t:e.rit: i or) F’a i7.i 1..-1’ Ly, 

340 Rossi, Paul 

. Fort Ma cA.1ester , 0kla hi2RZc3 

. ,Sharp Park, (2-7. .i fo.r.n.ia 

341 Rossi, Terzilio 

. Fort Missoilla, Montana 

342 Rugio, Anthony G 

, E.1 1.is .Ts.LaIld, NC?W Yo.rk 

. Fort George Meade l”Tc7ryland 

. Fort Ma~rAl.ester, Oklahcmia 

. Fort Missoula itli312tana 

343 Rum, Costantino 

, Fo.r:i- M.issou.ia, Montana 

344 Ruspoli, Alessandro E 

. Ellis Island,, New York 

. ~o.rtGeorge Mea de , &�a.ryla nd 

345 Sabini, Modesto 
 

. rige el ~sland,,claliforriia 

?St/ Tennessee 

. Fort Ma~Alester,(Iklahoina 

. .FoI‘t: Sam HO zi s t:OII , Tesa s 

Filc:Ll.i.tyI Nc?w Jerse:/­

1;’Lo.r.i.da 

. San Francisco INS Eetention Facility, California 

346 Sanelli, Donato Lena 

. ITnknoilin 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 35 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

347 San Filippo, Phillip Domenico 
 

. Anqei .2'sland,, Cal ifornia 
 

. Cainp FC)l-.rC?St: , Tf:?KlIic?SSC-?C? 
 

. F(?Tt 2d'2cLnlester, clklahoma 
 

. F:J I't :;am Ilo 1.1s ton , Tesd s 
 

. San Francisco INS Detention Facility, i?alifornia 
 

348 Sanso, Mario 
 

. .Fort Mi.ssoula I Nontana 
 

349 Santucci, Casimino 
 

. Canip Forrest, Tennessee 
 

. F(3r-t: Ma~:Alc?stC>.?:, Ok.lakioIna 
 

. Fort Missoula, Montana 
 

. PY).?.'.l:. Sam Rousto,l , %7exas 
 

. Sharp Park, California 
 

350 Savio, Mike 
 

. Fo.rt M.3 i2A 1tls t 
 

. Fort Missoula ,. I?.lontalla 
 

. Strinytovn, Olclaiionia 
 

351 Scaravilli, Gaetano Nunsio 
 

. Unkxtown 
 

352 Sciacqua, Alberto 
 

. Fort LmCr?lester, clklahoma 
 

I Vert: M:i ssou.l,2 , Mori tans 
 

. Seattle INS Detention Facility, 

353 Scicchitani, Michae 
 

. .E.I 1:i.s .Ts.I.a.r~d, Ne\.: 
 

. Fort George Meade,, Iqarj'lanclf 
 

. Fc3.T' 1:. M'3 CA I. est 
 

. Fort Missoula ,. Montaricl 
 

354 Scorcu, Antonio 
 

. Fo.i:t. M.is.!i(?iiZa, Mont:ana 
 

355 Scorza, Basilio 
 

. Camp Forrest ,, Tennessee 
 

. Fo.1: 1:. Mi3 C?AI. es t 
 

Washinytoii 

~ ~~ 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 36 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

356 Scorza, Oreste Mario 
 

. Camp Forrest, Tennessee 

. Fo.r:f: Macrl!Les t:e:r, C)X-Lahonra 

. Fort SdIH Houston? Texas 

357 Sdraul.ig,Louis Joseph 

. Camp Forl-es t , Tenr:essc!c? 

. Fort MacAlester, Oklahoina 

. S1ia.r.p Park, Ca.Z.i.fo.~?.i.a 

358 Secli, Cosimo D 
 

. Fcxt George Meade, Mar_vlantl 

. Gloucester C.i. t:y- I�G I?c?teni!.iori Facilit:y, 

359 Sercia, Gioacchino 

. Camp3 Fo,z-rest, Tennessee 

. F~rt:Ma ~~4.1 c-?:;~c.!I:, Ok.1 ~jh~ina 

. Port Missoiiirz, Nontana 

. Fo.r-t Sam Houston, 

360 Sercia, Giovanni 
 

. Camp k'orrest , Tennessee 

. F0.r-t: FA3 C!A I es t:e.r, 0k.La i1on:a 

. Fort Missouia Mc~ntana 

. .F'OK't: SalU /lOll.St:C>.:l, Tf?.Xd.S 

361 Sercia, Unknown 
 

, (Inknown 

362 Serena, Pelio 

. Fort: M.issc!i~l.a, $lantana 

363 Sgambelluri, Giuseppe 

. Fort Missoirla, Montana 

364 Sgattoni, Dente 

. Fort Missoiila., PIo~itaria 

365 Sicotra, Giuseppe 
 

. Fo.2rt Mi. ssoii 1a , Plon lx?na 

366 Silla, Nick 

. Camp Forrest ,# Teiinessew 
 

, Fo.rt: MacA1.e:; ter, Oklahoma 
 

. ICedical 02- other- health institution 
 

New Jersey 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 37 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 38 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 39 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 40 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 41 
 

Section 3(3) - The names and locations of persons of 

Italian ancestry who were interned 

Name 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Appendix E 
Appendix 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

Page I 

Section 3(4) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry ordered to move 

from designated areas under the Individual Exclusion Program and the 

names of persons of Italian ancestry who appeared before the Individual Exclusion 

Board, although it is unknown if an exclusion order was issued * 

Name 
 

Abramo, Vincenzo 
 

Andriano, Sylvester 
 

Angeli, Carolina Maria 
 

Anqelini, Joseph * 
 Anguzza, Giovacchino 
 

Arena, James 
 

Aversa, Zefferino Dr. 
 

Besozzi, Julia * 
 Bibo, Valentine 
 

Boccacio, Carlo 
 

Bosia, Rem0 
 

Brizzolara, George Albert * 
 Bruqaletta, Salvatore Martin 
 

Bruno, Angelina 
 

Cairo, Euqenio * 
 Campione, Albert0 
 

Canali, Pietro Giuseppe 
 

Canepa, Serafino 
 

Cardinale, Caterina 
 

Castellini, Edgar 
 

Cinquini, Enrico 
 

D’Annunzio, Uqo Venier 
 

Decillis, Albert Matthew * 
 Degreqoriis, Domenico * 
 

De Liso, Anna Obyrne 
 

De Liso, Gaetano Louis 
 

De Liso, Rocco Victor 
 

De Minicis, Ivo A 
 

Di Grazia, Francesco Allesandro * 
 Fiorello, Michele * 
 

FUSCO, Sam 
 

Galli, Joseph * 
 Giovacchini, Umberto 
 

Guttadauro, Nino 
 

~ ~­~~

* These individuals appeared before the Individual Exclusion Board, but it is unknown if an exclusion order was issued. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
I 

I Page 2 

Section 3(4) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry ordered to move 

from designated areas under the Individual Exclusion Program and the 

names of persons of Italian ancestry who appeared before the Individual Exclusion 

I Board, although it is unknown if an exclusion order was issued * 

Name 
 

35 Lamattina, Rocco V 
 

36 Lappa, Louis * 

37 Lenci, Guido * 

38 Morelli, Antonio 
 

39 Morelli, Enrico 
 

40 Morelli, Giulia Gaddi 
 

41 Ostaggi, Leo 
 

42 Ottino, Amalia 
 

43 Parisi, Mario August0 
 

44 Patrizi, Ettore 
 

45 Pescetto, Giorgio Batta 
 

46 Pescetto, Giovanni Battista 
 

47 Puma, Felix 

48 Reale, Felice Edward 
 

49 Renzo, Palmiro 
 

50 Rossini, Vincenzo 

51 Ruggieri, Adelina 
 

52 Ruggieri, Peter 
 

53 Ruggieri, Rosario Dr. 
 

54 Traina, Lea C 
 

55 Turco, Renzo 
 

56 Ughe, Felicita 
 

57 Ughe, Guiseppi Julio 
 

58 Usigli, Gastone 
 

59 Vocci, Amilcare * 

* These individuals appeared before the Individual Exclusion Board, but it is unknown if an exclusion order was issued. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M). 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Appendix E.2 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

33 

34 

Page 1 
 

Section 3(4) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry 

not subject to individual exclusion orders who were 

ordered to temporarily move from designated areas * 

Aiello, Frances 
 

Aiello, Neno 
 

Bronzini, Clara 
 

Bronzini, Guido 
 

Bronzini, Lorenzo 
 

Bronzini, VeLia Albert 
 

Bruno, Angelina 
 

Bruno, Felicity Mangone 
 

Buccellato, Catherine 
 

Buziol, Mary 
 

Buziol, Unknown 
 

Canepa, Serafino 
 

Cardinale, Caterha 
 

Cardinale, Vince 
 

Caullaro, Anna 
 

Comelli, Gervasio 
 

Cortse Family, 
 

Crivello, Nick 
 

Damato, Anthony 
 

Ferrante, Anita 
 

Galli, Elisa 
 

Galli, Luigi 
 

Gioreptti, Maria 
 

Lenci, Vana 
 

Loero, Celestina 
 

Mariani, Clorinda 
 

Mariani, Emma 
 

Mariani, John 
 

Natali, Eda 
 

Natali, Marcello 
 

Nicolisi, Sara 
 

Ottino, Amalia 
 

Perata, Iride Mariani 
 

Ponsetto, Ninin 
 

* 	 This list of names was not required under the Act; therefore, we did not search historical records for such a Listing. 

However, we are including it here based on our interviews and the experiences of many persons, such as those evacuated 

from Pittsburg, California. 
 
Page 2 

Section 3(4) - The names of persons of Italian ancestry 

not subject to individual exclusion orders who were 

ordered to temporarily move from designated areas * 

35 Sabatini, Giocondo 

36 Sabatini, Mary 

37 Sabatini, Rem0 

38 Sabatini, Romeo 

39 Sabatini, Teresa 

40 Scalise, Domonique 

41 Scudero, Charlotte 

42 Simi, Flora 

43 Simi, Louie 

44 Tandi, Angelo 

45 Tandi, John 

46 Tandi, Maria 

47 Troia, Bettina 

48 Trovato, Rosina 

49 Viscuso, Dante 

50 ViscusG, Gena 

51 Viscuso, Guiseppe 

52 Viscuso, Josephine 

53 Viscuso, Marie 

54 Viscuso, Mary 

55 Viscuso, Rose 

56 Viscuso, Salvatore 

* This list of names was not required under the Act; therefore, we did not search historical records for such a listing. 

However, we are including it here based on our interviews and the experiences of many persons, such as those evacuated 

from Pittsburg, California. 
Appendix F 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

Page 1 
 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

Aiello, Rosario 
 

Allotta, Leo Eli0 
 

Allotta, Rosa 
 

Altieri, Antonio 
 

Andreazza, Francisco Guiseppe 
 

Andreini, Caterina 
 

Andreone, Paolo 
 

Andrighetti, Victor 
 

Antenucci, Michele 
 

Anthne, John 
 

Arrigoni, Adolfo 
 

Asaro, Guiseppe 
 

Baldelli, Frank Fiorino 
 

Balderi, Mario Joseph 
 

Baldi, Guiseppe 
 

15 Balistrieri, Frank 

17 Ballerini, Louis Francis 

18 Barra, Micheli 

19 Barsotti, Arturo 

20 Ratalo, Angelo Sam 

21 Bava, Gin0 Octavio 

22 Bedini, Nello 

23 Bellangero, John Ettori 

24 Belviso, John 

25 Bennett, Vincent 

26 Benson, Palmina Eugenia 

27 Berizzi, Louisa Virginia 

28 Bertero, Antonio Luigi 

29 Berti, Celesten 

30 Bertoli, Peter 

31 Bertolini, Aristide 

32 Bertolini, Eugenio 

33 Bertolino, Aristide Andrew 

34 Bertoloni, Eugenio 

35 Bertusi, Alexis Batholomew 

* 	 Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 2 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

36 Bianconi, Louis Lawrence 
 

37 Bianuri, Jane Giacoratti 
 

38 Biggio, Adolph Stephen 
 

39 Bobbio, Angelo 
 

40 Boloney, Antonio 
 

41 Bomarito, Mike 
 

42 Bonata, Uldrico 
 

43 Bonato, Virginio 
 

44 Bonazzola, Erminio 
 

45 Bongi, Enrico Guiseppi 
 

46 Bordino, Michael Angelo 
 

47 Borzini, Carlo 
 

48 Bosa, Valentino 
 

49 Bottalla, Anthony Rosario 
 

50 Bressioini, Pete 
 

51 Brondino, Emilio 
 

52 Bruno, Agatino 
 

53 Burgo, Pietro 
 

54 Cagliero, Stefan0 
 

55 Caiati, Alberto Carlo 
 

56 Calacino, Tony 
 

57 Calati, Alberto 
 

58 Campostrini, Enrico 
 

59 Candela, Carlo 
 

60 Cannata, Raffaele Louigi 
 

61 Carbone, Antonoio Francisco 
 

62 Cardella, Francisco 
 

63 Cardoza, Josephine F 
 

64 Carminati, Giacomo Baptiste 
 

65 Carpino, Robert 
 

66 Caruso, Paul 
 

67 Casagrande, Charles 
 

68 Casazza, Angelo 
 

69 Castaldi, Salvatore 
 

70 Cavenaghi, Angelo Doveri 
 

~~ 

* 	 Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews. and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 3 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~ 

71 Cefalu, Vincenzo 
 

72 Ceirante, Leo Barthaloneo 
 

73 Celia, Sante 
 

74 Cerretoni, Augustin 
 

75 Cerro, Luigi 
 

76 Cetina, Frank 
 

77 Chiarodo, James 
 

78 Cogliano, Joseph 
 

79 Comelli, Giovanni 
 

80 Conigliaro, Frank 
 

81 Constantino, John 
 

82 Constantino, Joseph 
 

83 Constanza, Guiseppe 
 

84 Contori, Giuseppi Cosmo 
 

85 Copel1.0, Jack Giacomo 
 

86 Copello, Jack Giacomo 
 

87 Corasaniti, Bruno Domenico 
 

88 Cordano, John Edgar 
 

89 Cortiuba, Nicholas 
 

90 Coruzzi, Vincent 
 

91 Cosentini, Oscar 
 

92 Crassalli, Saverio 
 

93 Curioni, Giulio 
 

94 Cusulano, Jack 
 

95 D’Agostino, Damiano 
 

96 D’Alieva, Leonard0 
 

97 D’Amato, Amedeo 
 

98 D’Amico, Joseph 
 

99 D’Amico, Vincenzo 
 

100 D’Amico, Vittorino 
 

101 D’Amico, Vittorio 
 

102 D’Eugenio, Giovanni 
 

103 Dallapa, Giusseppe 
 

104 Damiano, Ferdinand0 
 

105 Daniele, Carmela Colosino 
 

* Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 4 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 ~~~ ~~ ~ ~~ 

106 Dardanelli, Antonio 
 

107 Dardanelli, Stefano 
 

108 De Benedictis, John 
 

109 De Frenza, John 
 

110 De Julius, Joseph Santos 
 

111 De Lorenzi, Tomaso 
 

112 De Mundo, Frank 
 

113 De Pinto, Sebastiano 
 

114 De Santis, Grimoldo 
 

115 De Silva, Constantino 
 

116 De Stefano, Antimo 
 

117 De Zaiacomo, Giovanni Battista 
 

118 Debernardi, Battista 
 

119 Decandido, Leonard0 
 

120 Defilippo, Micheli 
 

121 Defino, Joseph 
 

122 Del Bell, Romeo Romano 
 

123 Del Vigna, Paul 
 

124 Dell’Aitante, Adolf 
 

125 Dellacqua, Ernest 
 

126 Delsento, Frank 
 

127 Demaria, Tom Sam 
 

128 Demas, Nicholas Larry 
 

129 Deregibus, Cesare 
 

130 Derensis, Gennaro 
 

131 Dernello, Otto Anthony 
 

132 Desanto, Luigi 
 

133 Di Maglio, Vincenzo 
 

134 Dicara, Frank 
 

135 Digiovanni, Sam 
 

136 Digironimo, Antonio 
 

137 Dimeglio, Vincent 
 

138 Dipiero, Sebastiano 
 

139 Dodero, Francisco Pete 
 

140 Domenici, Pietro 
 

* 	 Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18. 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 5 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

141 Dominio, Dominic 
 

142 Donato, Virginio 
 

143 Dondi, Pacific0 
 

144 Dondosella, Antonio 
 

145 Fabbrini, Vittorio 
 

146 Fabbro, Arasmo Disimo 
 

147 Fabrizio, Louis 
 

148 Fachini, Pellegrino 
 

149 Fachinni, Joseph 
 

150 Fagnani, Christina 
 

151 Falcone, Joseph 
 

152 Falcucci, Pietro 
 

153 Fanali, Martino 
 

154 Fanesi, Vincenzo 
 

155 Farina, Adam Atti1i.o 
 

156 Farisano, Vincent 
 

157 Favero, Antonio 
 

158 Favero, Giacomo Guiseppe 
 

159 Favretto, Ettore 
 

160 Favro, Creste 
 

161 Federici, Pirinilio Irisilio 
 

162 Fererici, Pirinilio Irisildo 
 

163 Ferrante, Peter Cinna 
 

164 Ferrari, Antonio Joseph 
 

165 Ferrari, Luigi Feruccio 
 

166 Ferrero, Enrico Federico 
 

167 Ferrero, Louis 
 

168 Fiata, Michael Joseph 
 

169 Filanona, Unknown 
 

170 Filipas, Joseph Albino 
 

171 Fiore, Daisy 
 

172 Fiore, Pepina 
 

173 Folcorelli, Alessandro 
 

174 Fontana, Caesar 
 

175 Fontana, Humbert 
 

* Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 6 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

176 Forcorelli, Alessandro 
 

177 Foscato, Domenica Margaret 
 

178 Foschi, Orlando 
 

179 Franceschi, Angel0 
 

180 Franchetti, Paolo Lazarro 
 

181 Frediani, Giovanni 
 

182 Fumagalli, Ernesto 
 

183 FYSCO, Salvatore 
 

184 Gagliandi, Alfonse 
 

185 Gaidona, John 
 

186 Galua, Frank 
 

187 Garassino, Charles Armando 
 

188 Garavelli, Guilo 
 

189 Garese, Joseph Bartolomeo 
 

190 Garzoglio, Eduardo Lorenzo 
 

191 Gaspari, Domenico 
 

192 Gemignani, Lido Ernesto 
 

193 Genignani, Lido 
 

194 Genovese, Silvio 
 

195 Gerache, Nora 
 

196 Germani, Stephen Francesco 
 

197 Ghibaudo, Ferdinando 
 

198 Giacomo, Joseph 
 

199 Giana, Pietro 
 

200 Gianna, Pietro 
 

201 Gianni, Eugene 
 

202 Giordano, Lorenzo 
 

203 Giovanelli, Giovanni Battista 
 

204 Giovannoni, Giuseppe 
 

205 Giusti, Enrico 
 

206 Givetto, Giovanni Genesio 
 

207 Gorgoglino, Nicholo 
 

208 Gracelli, Ferdinando Baldo 
 

209 Gragnani, Attilio 
 

210 Granelli, Camillo 
 

* 	 Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 7 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

211 Grasso, Liacomo 
 

212 Gregori, Aurelio 
 

213 Gugliemino, Pietro 
 

214 Guidi, Samuel Moses 
 

215 Guisti, Antone 
 

216 Iacobellis, Rocco 
 

217 Imperia, Guido 
 

218 Incantro, Filadelfo 
 

219 Justi, Antone F. 
 

220 La Cenere, Victorio 
 

221 Lafarciola, Librada B 
 

222 Lapergola, Rocco 
 

223 Larron, Clyde Evers 
 

224 Lary, Vincent 
 

225 Laurenti, Carlo John 
 

226 Lauricella, Nannino 
 

227 Lavagnino, Joseph 
 

228 Lavagnino, Hocco 
 

229 Le Pore, Francesco 
 

230 Leffa, Vittoriano 
 

231 Leonardi, Giuseppe 
 

232 Leonardo, Carlo 
 

233 Lepori, Augusto Frank 
 

234 Lina, Barbara Lene 
 

235 Lippi, Leopoldo 
 

236 Lisanti, Domenico 
 

237 Locati, Eligio 
 

238 Lombardo, John 
 

239 Lopreste, Joe 
 

240 Lorenzi, Salvatore 
 

241 Lori, Ray 
 

242 Lotti, Egidio 
 

243 Loui, Salvatore Poppa 
 

244 Loureta, George 
 

245 Lucchesi, Ida Matalina 
 

* Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 8 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

246 Lucia, John Antonio 
 

247 Luraselli, Paul 
 

248 Madino, Felix Max 
 

249 Maggiora, Primo 
 

250 Maggiora, Victor Martin 
 

251 Magni, Pasquala 
 

252 Maiani, Domenico Sylvester 
 

253 Mailolo, John 
 

254 Maiolo, John 
 

255 Maita, Basil 
 

256 Mancini, George 
 

257 Manfe, Louis 
 

258 Manzi, Antonio 
 

259 Manzi, Peter Anthony 
 

260 Marabile, Rosario 
 

261 Marasco, Frank 
 

262 Marchio, Marino Jack 
 

263 Marciocchi, Avele 
 

264 Maretello, John 
 

265 Mariciocch, Abele 
 

266 Marino, Mickele 
 

267 Mariotti, Coluccio 
 

268 Maroni, John 
 

269 Martino, Joseph 
 

270 Marzi, Felix 
 

271 Marzowla, Thomas 
 

272 Masciola, Gerard0 
 

273 Masseni, Domenico 
 

274 Massucco, Giubatto 
 

275 Materazzo, Thomas 
 

276 Mayo, Adele 
 

277 Mazzanti, Giuseppe 
 

278 Mazzeo, Michele 
 

279 Mazzi, Pia 
 

280 Mazziere, Sesto 
 

* 	 Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 9 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

281 Mazzola, Frank 
 

282 Melano, John 
 

283 Melino, Antonio 
 

284 Melsi, Richard 
 

285 Mencarelli, Vitale 
 

286 Mendula, Steve 
 

287 Mercurio, Gaetano 
 

288 Merino, Joseph Henry 
 

289 Merla, Mike 
 

290 Merti, Virginio 
 

291 Messina, Joseph Giuseppe 
 

292 Misso, Guiseppe 
 

293 Monaco, Lorita 
 

294 Montalboddi, Donatello Filli.ppo 
 

295 Montanari, Angelo 
 

296 Montanari, Antonio Massimo 
 

297 Montecoia, Charles John 
 

298 Monteleone, Melchiore 
 

299 Monti, Antonio 
 

300 Monzel glio, Evasio 
 

301 Mosconi, Antonio Joe 
 

302 Mosconi, Joseph 
 

303 Mozzano, Antonio 
 

304 Mucciacciazo, Antonio 
 

305 Mugoli, John 
 

306 Mumolo, Giuseppi 
 

307 MUSSO, Joseph 
 

308 Muzio, Domenico Giovani 
 

309 Muzzarelli, Joe 
 

310 Muzzio, Domenico 
 

311 Naccarato, Frank 
 

312 Nigretti, John Leonard0 
 

313 Nigro, Vicenzo 
 

314 Noceti, Andrew 
 

315 Nora, Andrew 
 

* Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individua1.s differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 10 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

316 Nudo, Anthony 
 

317 Nudo, Louis 
 

318 Ofano, Carmelo 
 

319 Ollino, Peter 
 

320 Paderi, Giuseppe 
 

321 Palmieri, Giovanni 
 

322 Panzarella, Mary Buono 
 

323 Papaluca, Michelangelo 
 

324 Para, Garibaldo 
 

325 Parenti, Pia Mary 
 

326 Pasquinelli, Sabatino 
 

327 Patriarca, John 
 

328 Patti, Joseph Anthony 
 

329 Paulon, Giorgio Secund0 
 

330 Pavarola, Joseph 
 

331 Pedrini, Massino 
 

332 Pellegrino, Frank 
 

333 Pellollo, Anselmo Peter 
 

334 Pentakis, Unknown 
 

335 Peranzi, Bruno 
 

336 Peranzi, Giovanni 
 

337 Peranzi, Joseph 
 

338 Peranzi, Maria 
 

339 Perata, Pietro 
 

340 Perata, Stina 
 

341 Pertot, Carlo Bruno 
 

342 Petosa, Francesco 
 

343 Petri, Giovanni 
 

344 Petruzzi, Diego 
 

345 Pica, Anthony 
 

346 Pieroni, Giuseppe 
 

347 Piffero, Tillie Josephine 
 

348 Pighini, Amedeo 
 

349 Pillocciari, Gionannio Spuri 
 

350 Pilotti, Battista 
 

Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 
 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 
 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 11 
 

Section 3(5) - The names of persons of 

Italian ancestry arrested for curfew, 

contraband, or other violations * 

Name 
 

351 Pio, 
 George 

352 Pizzicaro, Patsy Charles 
 

353 Pola, 
 Benvenuto 

354 Polito, Dominic0 
 

355 Porto, Aladiona 
 

356 Positeri, Mariano Anthony 
 

357 Prasso, Pietro Alden 
 

358 Privitera, 
 Raphael 

359 Proia, Mario Edward 
 

360 Pucci, Joe 
 

361 Puccinelli, Alfredo 
 

362 Pulzone, Antonio 
 

363 Quadri, Virgil William 
 

364 Quagliotto, Albert 
 

365 Raimondi, Ignacio 
 

366 Ramacciotti, Albert 
 

367 Ramonda, Giacomo 
 

368 Randazzo, Frank 
 

369 Ratto, Vittorio Emanuele 
 

370 Rego 
 , Katherine 

371 Richuiti, 
 Dominic 

372 Rimpini 
 , Franco 

373 Risso, 
 Olga 

374 Rivaldi, 
 Joseph 

375 Rizzardi, 
 Francisco ** 

376 Rondozzo, 
 Frank 

377 Rosati, 
 Albert Giovanni 

378 Rosselli, 
 Victor John 

379 ROSSO, 
 Lui 

380 Rotolo, Tony 
 

3ai Rovai, Valentino 
 

3a2 RUOCCO, Gennaro 
 

383 RUSSO, 
 Louis Domenic 

3a4 Saccuzzo, Frank 
 

3a5 Sampietro, Frank 
 

~ 

Since complete records were not available from all jurisdictions, there may be persons of Italian ancestry who were 
 

arrested for curfew, contraband, or other violations who do not appear on this list. 
 

** Except for this person who was arrested between December 7, 1941 and February 18, 1942; the remaining individuals 

were arrested on or after February 19, 1942. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Appendix G 
 
Page 1 

Sec ion 3(7) - A list of ports from which fishermen 

of Italian ancestry were restricted * 

Naval District 
 

1st Naval District 
 

3rd Naval District 
 

4th Naval District 
 

5th Naval District 
 

6th Naval Dist+i.ct 
 

7th Naval District 
 

8th Naval District 
 

11th Naval District 
 

12th Naval District 
 

13th Naval District 
 

Port 
 

Boston, Massachusetts 
 

Gloucester, Massachusetts 
 

Portsmouth, New Hampshire 
 

Newport, Rhode Island 
 

New Haven, Connecticut 
 

New London, Connecticut 
 

New York, New York 
 

Wilmington, Delaware 
 

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 
 

Washington, District Of Columbia 
 

Annapolis, Maryland 
 

Baltimore, Maryland 
 

Norfolk, Virginia 
 

Portsmouth, Virginia 
 

Savannah, Georgia 
 

Wilmington, North Carolina 
 

Charleston, South Carolina 
 

Jacksonville, Florida 
 

Key West, Florida 
 

Miami, Florida 
 

Pensacola, Florida 
 

New Orleans, Louisiana 
 

Galveston, Texas 
 

Long Beach, California 
 

San Diego, California 
 

San Pedro, California 
 

California city, California 
 

Eureka, California 
 

Monterey, California 
 

Richmond, California 
 

San Francisco, California 
 

Bremerton, Washington 
 

Seattle, Washington 
 

* Only the major ports within each naval district are listed, although smaller ports may have been affected. A comprehensive list 

of ports associated with each naval district during world War I1 could not be found, even after extensive research. The naval 

districts listed here represent the coastal districts in the contiguous United States; other districts, such as the 9th. loth, 

and 14th districts, were either non-contiguousor interior districts. A 2nd Naval District did not exist. 
Appendix H 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

Page 1 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

Aiello, Bruno 
 

Aiello, Carl 
 

Aiello, Erasimo 
 

Aiello, John 
 

Aiello, John 
 

Aiello, Salvatore 
 

Aliotti, Unknown 
 

Allioti, John 
 

Allioti, Tom 
 

Allioto, Geusippe 
 

Amato, Vincenzo 
 

Amenta, C. 
 

Ancona, I. 
 

Ancona, L. 
 

Ancona, P. 
 

Antoncich, Unknown 
 

Arancio, Peter 
 

Arancio, Sal 
 

Babich, Spiro 
 

Balbo, Constantino 
 

Balbo, Horace 
 

Balbo, Joseph Guiseppe 
 

Balesteri, Antonio 
 

Balesteri, Manuel 
 

Balestreri, C. 
 

Balestreri, M. 
 

Balisteri, Frank 
 

Balistrieri, Mario 
 

Barbara, Giachino 
 

Bassano, Niccolo 
 

Bellici, Neno 
 

Berry, Tony 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 2 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

33 Biazevich, Paul 

34 Billante, Phillip 

35 Billante, Salvatore 

36 Billante, Sam 

37 Billanti, Carmello 

38 Bomarito, Mike 

39 Botich, Marko 

40 Braco, S 

41 Branceleone, Guiseppe 

42 Bregante, Batista 

43 Bregante, Frank 

44 Bruno, Gus 

45 Bruno, Raoul 

46 Busalacchi, J. 

47 Califano, Anthony 

48 Calomo, Joseph 

49 Campagno, G. 

50 Campo, Jack 

51 Campo, Pete 

52 Cancilla, Unknown 

53 Cardinale, Frank 

54 Cardinale, Orazio 

55 Cardinale, Pete 

56 Cardinale, Vince 

57 Cardinalli, Joe 

58 Cardinalli, John 

59 Cariniglia, Unknown 

60 Carrao, George 

61 Cecchini, Johnnie 

62 Cecilio, Agostino 

63 Cecilio, Sal 

64 Cefalu, Vince 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, whilc representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
Page 3 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

65 Cerrito, Frank 

66 Cerrito, Sal 

67 Chillini, Trintino 

68 Ciarametaro, Joseph Jr 

69 Ciarametaro, Vincent 

70 Ciarametero, Joseph 

71 Ciaramitano, Paul 

72 Ciaramitaro, Guiseppe 

73 Ciaramitaro, Michael 

74 Ciaramitaro, Vito 

75 Cincot.ta,Unknown 

76 Ciulla, Accursio 

77 Ciull.a, Antonjo 

78 Ciulla, Frank 

79 Ciulla, James 

80 Ciulla, John 

81 Ciulla, Joseph 

82 Ciulla, Lawrence 

83 Ciulla, Mike 

84 Collazzo, P 

85 Colletto, Sal 

86 Compagno, Gaetano 

87 Compagno, John 

88 Compagno, Nit0 

89 Constanza, Pietro 

90 Contatore, Gerolamo 

91 Coppola, Vito 

92 Cottone, Joseph 

93 Courreri, Louis 

94 Cresci, Anthony 

95 Crespo, Angelo 

96 Crittenden, Unknown 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should he regarded in that light. 
 
Page 4 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

97 Crivello, Carlo 
 

98 Crivello, Joseph 
 

99 Cuncilla, Unknown 
 

100 Cuntio, Gaetano 
 

101 Cusenza, Joe 
 

102 Cutino, Gaetano 
 

103 Cutino, John 

104 Cutino, Orazio 

105 Cutino, Paul 

106 Cutino, Tom 

107 D’Aqui, Paul 

108 Damato, Nick 
 

109 Davi, James 
 

110 Davi, Neno 

111 Davi, Tony 

112 Davigo, Sal 
 

113 Davigo, Santo 
 

114 Depaolo, Dick 

115 Depaolo, James 

116 Depaolo, John 

117 Depolo, James 
 

118 Develahovich, John 
 

119 Dick, Dipaolo 
 

120 Digiralamo, Tony 

121 Dimaggio, Dominic 
 

122 Dimaggio, Giuseppe Joe 
 

123 Dimaggio, Vince 

124 Dimercurio, Sal 

125 Durio, V. 

126 Emilio, Cal 

127 Enea, Ben 
 

128 Enea, Orazio 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 5 

Section 3( 8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

129 Enea, Sal 
 

130 Fantos, F. 
 

131 Ferrante, Frank 
 

132 Ferrante, Sal 
 

133 Ferrrante, Joe 
 

134 Ficaro, Leo 
 

135 Firicano, Frank 
 

136 Flores, Frank 
 

137 Francisco, Alexandre 
 

138 Frontero, John 
 

139 Frontiero, Gerome Tony 
 

140 Frontiero, Paul Scola 
 

141 Frontiero, Sebastiano 
 

142 Furriel, John Umberto 
 

143 Galardi, Anthony 
 

144 Galardi, Gus 
 

145 Galardi, Joseph 
 

146 Galardi, Michael 
 

147 Garcia, Tony 
 

148 Gargas, Steve 
 

149 Gaspar, Chris 
 

150 Genovese, Sal 
 

151 Ghio, Stefan0 
 

152 Giacolone, Joseph 
 

153 Giamona, Joe 
 

154 Gondolfa, J. 
 

155 Gondolfo, Frank D 
 

156 Goulart, Manuel J 
 

157 Gradis, John 
 

158 Graffeo, Paul 
 

159 Grammatico, Joe 
 

160 Grillo, Pietro 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 6 
 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 ~ ~ 

161 Guiseppe, S.G. 
 

162 Klemento, Zar 
 

163 Lo COCCO, Joe 
 

164 Lombardo, Neno 
 

165 Lonero, Charlie 
 

166 Lonero, Sam 
 

167 Lopez, Joe 
 

168 Lovasco, Salvatore 
 

169 Lucido, Anthony 
 

170 Lucido, Erasimo 
 

171 Lucido, Frank 
 

172 Lucido, Joe 
 

173 Lucido, Marco 
 

174 Lucido, Mike 
 

175 Lucido, Neno 
 

176 Lucido, Ray 
 

177 Lucido, Sal 
 

178 T,ucido, Tom 
 

179 Maiorana, John 
 

180 Maiorana, Pete Pietro 
 

181 Maiorana, Sal 
 

182 Maiorana, Unknown 
 

183 Mandracchia, Steve 
 

184 Mangiapane, Albert 
 

185 Maniscalco, Lorenzo 
 

186 Maniscalco, Lucian0 
 

187 Maniscalo, Anthony 
 

188 Marino, Angel0 
 

189 Marino, Anthony 
 

190 Marino, Carlo 
 

191 Marino, Eugene 
 

192 Marino, Louis 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix H), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

193 Marino, Michael 
 

194 Marino, Pietro 
 

195 Marino, Salvatore 
 

196 Marsiguerra, Frank 
 

197 Martinez, Joe 
 

198 Martinolich, John 
 

199 Masumo, Y 
 

200 Materjan, John 
 

201 Mazza, Vincenzo 
 

202 Mecheli, Giuseppe 
 

203 Melicia, Sal 
 

204 Melicia, Ted 
 

205 Mercurio, Dominic 
 

206 Mercurio, Horace 
 

207 Mercurio, Pietro 
 

208 Mineo, Angelo 
 

209 Mineo, Frank 
 

210 Mineo, John 
 

211 Mosich, Nick 
 

212 MOUVO, Tony 
 

213 Napoli, Vince 
 

214 NUOVO, A. 
 

215 Olivieri, Agostino 
 

216 Olivieri, Giovanni 
 

217 Olmstead, Carl 
 

218 Olson, Harry 
 

219 Orlando, Paul 
 

220 Orlando, Vincenzo 
 

221 Paladini, H. 
 

222 Palazzola, Edward 
 

223 Palazzola, Joseph 
 

224 Palma, Frank 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 8 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 

225 Palmazzola, Jerome 

226 Pappas, Antonio 

227 Pappas, Clemente 

228 Parisi, Antonio 

229 Parisi, Baptiste Peter 

230 Parisi, Carlos 

231 Parisi, John 

232 Parisi, Joseph 

233 Parisi, Paul 

234 Parisi, Philip 

235 Parisi, Salvatore 

236 E’atania, Josie 

237 Pedagna, Damiario 

238 Pereira, Fernando 

239 Piazzo, G. 

240 Piscitello, V. 

241 Pizzo, Philip 

242 Prescovich, Frank 

243 Rados, John 

244 Randoza, John 

245 Rappa, J. 

246 Rappa, Joe 

247 Riso, Genaro 

248 Riso, Jack 

249 Romeo, David 

250 Romeo, Sal 

251 Romolo, Chigi A 

252 Rose, Nancy 

253 ROSO, Joseph 

254 Ruccello, Sal 

255 RUSSO, Anthony 

256 RUSSO, Joe 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting passible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 9 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

257 RUSSO, John 

258 RUSSO, Sal 

259 RUSSO, Shedo 

260 Sabella, Anthony 

261 Sabella, Luciano 

262 Saia, John 

263 Salvato, Steve 

264 San Filippo, Peter 

265 Sansone, John 

266 Scafani, S. 

267 Scardina, Santo 

268 Scola, Antonio 

269 Scola, Jerome 

270 Scola, Joseph 

271 Scola, Joseph 

272 Scola, Michael 

273 Scola, Paul 

274 Scola, Peter 

275 Scola, Salvatore 

276 Scola, Sebastian 

277 Scola, Thomas 

278 Sercia, Unknown 

279 Simich, Vince 

280 Sinagra, James 

281 Sinagra, Joseph 

282 Sinagra, Michael 

283 Soglinzzo, Luiggi 

284 Sollazo, Frank 

285 Sollecito, Antonio 

286 Sollecito, Vince 

287 Souza, G. 

288 Spadaro, Frank 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Page 10 

Section 3(8) - The names of fishermen of Italian ancestry 

who were prevented from fishing in prohibited zones 

All enemy aliens who were fishermen experienced restrictions upon 
 

fishing, and all fishing vessels were restricted from certain 
 

areas at certain times in the various naval districts 
 

Name 
 

289 Spadaro, Joe 
 

290 Spadaro, Paul 
 

291 Spadero, J.G. 
 

292 Spardo, John 
 

293 Spataro, John 
 

294 Spinale, Antonio 
 

295 Spinale, Dominic 
 

296 Spinale, Frank 
 

297 Spinale, Joseph 
 

298 Stagnaro, Giacomo 
 

299 Stellato, Johnnie 
 

300 Taormina, Ignacio 
 

301 Tardio, Frank 
 

302 Toponci, H.E. 
 

303 Toriani, A. 
 

304 Torrente, Mariano 
 

305 Trezza, Ratzi 
 

306 Trezza, Unknown 
 

307 Tringali, S. 
 

308 Tringali, Salvatore 
 

309 Trutanich, Martin 
 

310 Vaiarell, Joseph Jr 
 

311 Ventimiglia, Leondard 
 

312 Ventimiglia, Sal 
 

313 Vidovich, Andrew 
 

314 Westo, E.J. 
 

315 Zolezzi, Fortunado 
 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Appendix I 
Section 3 (9) -The Names of Fishermen of Italian Ancestry 

Whose Boats were Confiscated 

The following names, compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of 

historical records, personal interviews, and other sources, are persons of Italian ancestry whose fishing 

vessels were impounded for repeated incursions into restricted waters. These names were derived 

from a memorandum �rom the Commanding Officer, U.S. Naval Net Depot, Tiburon, California, to the 

Commandant, 12th Naval District (March 3, 1942). While similar memoranda may exist concerning 

additional vessels, our research revealed that the acquisition of fishing vessels was overwhelmingly 

through formal charter or purchase, as opposed to confiscation (see Section 11. D. 2 of this report). 

1 Balistrieri, Mario 

2 Pizzo, Philip 
Appendix J 
 
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

Page 1 

Section 3(10) - The names of railroad workers of Italian 

ancestry prevented from working in prohibited zones 

~ 

Name 
 

Alamia, Pietro 
 

Chidicamo, Augustine 
 

Marabella, Ralph 
 

Markatallo, Vito 
 

Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 Unnamed * 
 

* Letter from R.J. Beem, to Mr. Jackling, Chief Executive Officer of Nevada Consolidated Copper (Dec. 12, 1941) 

indicating that six Italian aliens were removed from service; and a mailgram from C.A. Veale, to J.G. Torian 

(Feb. 18, 1942) (Southern Pacific Transportation Company) indicating that two Italian aliens were removed from service. 

This list was compiled by the U.S. Department of Justice after extensive review of historical records (see Appendix M), 
 

personal interviews, and other sources (see Appendix N). The list may include names more than once where source material 
 

captured the identity of individuals differently, and may fail to identify individuals whose names were not contained 
 

within the memoranda and reports reviewed. Consequently, this list, while representing the most accurate and thorough 
 

accounting possible, should be regarded in that light. 
 
Appendix K 
 
Section 3 (11) A List of Wartime Restrictions on Persons of 

Italian Ancestry as a Result of Executive Order No. 9066 

Subsection 11 of Section 3 of the Act requires that this report provide a list of 

wartime restrictions on persons of Italian ancestry as a result of Executive Order 

9066. As more fully discussed in the text, although Executive Order 9066 was 

not issued until February 19, 1942, federal actions affecting persons of Italian 

ancestry had occurred since December 7, 1941. Actions affecting persons of 

Italian ancestry prior to February 19, 1942 were based on other federal laws and 

regulations, including Presidential Proclamation 2527 and the regulations issued 

thereunder. For example, pursuant to Presidential Proclamation 2527, aliens of 

Italian ancestry were detained and a few hundred were subsequently interned. 

Many of the restrictions imposed in December 1941 and early 1942 were 

incorporated by reference into the military proclamations issued in March 1942, 

pursuant to Executive Order 9066. Those restrictions are listed here with an 

explanation that such restrictions had been imposed before Executive Order 

9066 went into effect. 

1. Individual Exclusion Hearings without Benefit of Counsel 

Although enemy aliens of Italian ancestry were subject to apprehension and 

internment without a trial, aliens were provided a hearing before the Exclusion 

Hearing Board. Aliens were allowed to have a friend, relative, or other advisor, 

including an attorney, present at the hearing. The attorney was allowed to testify 

as a witness, but the attorney was not allowed to cross-examine other witnesses 

or to present argument before the Board. 

2. Travel Restrictions 

Restrictions imposed on enemy aliens of Italian ancestry limited the distances they 

were allowed to travel. During the day, aliens were required to be at their place of 

residence or employment, or in transit between those two places, or within five 

miles from their place of residence. 

These travel restrictions began on December 8, 1941 with the issuance of 

Presidential Proclamation 2527. Similar travel restrictions were included in the 

Western Defense Command, Public Proclamation No. 3, issued on March 24, 

1942, under the authority of Executive Order 9066. 

1 
 
3. Curfew Restrictions 

Restrictions imposed on enemy aliens of Italian ancestry limited the evening hours 

they were allowed to be away from their residences. Resident aliens were 

forbidden from being outdoors between the hours of 8 p.m. and 6 a.m. 

Presidential Proclamation 2527, issued on December 8, 1941,delegated authority 

to the Attorney General to establish various restrictions, including curfews, for 

persons of Italian ancestry. Similar curfew restrictions contained in the Western 

Defense Command’s Public Proclamation No. 3 were issued on March 24, 1942, 

under the authority of Executive Order 9066. 

4. Enemy Alien Registration Requirements 

Enemy aliens of Italian ancestry were required to file change of address notices 

and change of employment forms when they moved or changed jobs. 

These registration requirements began on December 8, 1941, with the issuance of 

Presidential Proclamation 2527. The change of address requirement was 

included in the Western Defense Command, Public Proclamation No. 1, issued on 

March 2, 1942 and in Proclamation No. 2, on March 16, 1942, under the authority 

of Executive Order 9066. 

5. Employment Restrictions 

Employment restrictions against aliens were widespread both before and during 

the war. Such restrictions were imposed on employment related to secret, 

confidential, or restricted government contracts or aircraft contracts where 

permission of the Army and Navy was required. Alien fishermen were subject to 

restrictions on where and when they could fish, while alien railroad workers may 

have been removed from work or transferred to other positions or locations where 

the curfew and travel restrictions were not in effect. 

Travel restrictions began on December 8, 1941, with the issuance of Presidential 

Proclamation 2527. These restrictionswere included in the Western Defense 

Command’s Public Proclamation No. 3 issued on March 24, 1942, under the 

authority of Executive Order No. 9066. Other employment restrictions for military 

areas began with regulations issued by the Attorney General in January 1941, 

establishing areas in which enemy aliens of Italian ancestry were restricted. 

Similar prohibited and restricted areas were continued by Public Proclamation No. 

1, issued on March 2, 1942, under the authority of Executive Order 9066. 

2 
 
6. Forced Evacuation from Homes 

Persons of Italian ancestry were forced to temporarily evacuate their homes if they 

came within certain designated military zones, particularly along the West Coast. 

If a mother or father was an alien and the rest of the family had United States 

citizenship, either the individual alien left the family behind or the family, as a 

whole, relocated outside the exclusion area. 

Presidential Proclamation 2527, issued on December 8, 1941, delegated authority 

to the Attorney General to establish such military areas to exclude or restrict 

persons. Pursuant to that authority, the Attorney General issued regulations in 

January 1941 that established prohibited areas for enemy aliens of Italian 

ancestry and required their evacuation in February 1942. This designation of 

restricted areas was continued by Public Proclamation No. 1, issued on March 2, 

1942, under the authority of Executive Order 9066. 

3 
 
Appendix L 
 
Appendix L.1 

Executive Order No. 9066, 7 Fed. Reg. 1407 (February 25, 1942) 
EXECUTIVE ORDER No. 9066 

AUTHORIZING THE SECRETARY OF WAR TO 

PR ES RIBE MILITA RY AREAS 
Frdtral troops and other Federal Agencies, with aiilhority to accept 

rssistaiice of state niid lnerl agcncivs. 

I licreby flirt her ;iiitliorize iiiid direct all Exccativc*Dcpartiiiente, 

iii~Ii*priidciitrstalilrslimciils iiid nt her Federal hgtncies. to assist 

ttit: Sccrctnry or W:ir or Ilir siiitl Military Coniinandws iii carrying 

orit this Escciit ivv Ordi~.iiivliidiiig tIic fiirnisIiinC of incdicnl aid, 

Iiouliitaliznl ion, ftwiil. rliitliinK, Iriinsportilt ioii, iisr of land. slidter, 

HII~trtlier hiiplies. qiiiliiiivnt, IIIilitics, fncilitics. oiiti scrvices. 

This orclcr shrill nnt hr cnnsfnicd as modifyinC or limiting in 

aiiy way thc siiitliority Iirrctoforr griintcd iindvr Exccntive Order 

No. R972. clntcd I)wenilii~r12. 1941, nor rplirll it be constriird ns 

limilitig or modifyiiic tlir tliity and responsiliility of the Fcdcral 

Iiiirriiii of Iiivostiytioiis. witIi rvsprct to I he inrrstipntion of alleked 

avts of s;ihotngr or thr duty and responsiliility of the Attornry 

Gcwcriil nntl I Iir nq~artiiiciitor Jiisticc under the Proclamations oE 

Drceniber 7 HIIJ8, 1941. prcwribing reCiilstions for the condiirt and 

rontrol of aficn cneniirs. except a5 such duty and responsibility is 

siipersrded by the hignation of military areas hereunder. 

FRhNKTilN n. ROOSEVELT 

TIIEW~IITEHOWBE 

February 19,1042 
Appendix L.2 

Act of March 21, 1942, ch. 191, 56 Stat. 173 (Public Law 503) 
173 

[CHAPTER 1911 

Izi ACT 

Yareh 3.1942 To 3roride 3 pecalty for riolntion of re3criccions lor orders with rewt :o persons rEf.R. 67.~1 

entering, remaining in, leaving, or committing my JCK in milicav areas or [mbucLa=jDjl 

zones. 

Be it enacted by the Senrltc! and Bme of R<presentatives of thz 

Unit:d Statzs of Imwica in Congress assembled, That whoever shall 

enter. remain in, leave, or commit any 3~tin any military are3 or 

militnry zone prescribed, under the authority of m Executive order 

of the President, by the Secretary of Tu, m by any military commander desiznated by the Secretary of War, contrary to the restrictions spplic&le to any such are3 or zone or contrarp to the order of 

the Secretary of War or any SUC~military commimder, shall, if it Pan-. 

appears that he knew or should have known of the existence and 

excent of the restrictions or order and that his act was in violation 

thereof, be ,guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shd be 

liable to a fine of no6 to exceed S5,OOO or to imprisonment for not 

more than one pear, or both, for aoch offense. 

Approved, &larch 21, 1943. 
Appendix L.3 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2525, 6 Fed. Reg. 6321, 55 Stat. 1700 (December 7, 

1941) 
1'300 
 

December 7, I941 BY TXE PRESIDENT OF THE CSNITED STATES OF IYEEICA 

[No.2551 

A PROCLAMATION 

luthonty 

.%Len enemlet. "ZIEEEAS it is Frorided by Section 31 of Title 50 of the United 

States Code ILZ follows: 

"'FTnenerer there is .FL declared mu Setrreen t,he L-aited Scates 

ani! nry fbreign nation or Soreram2nt. or scy iarasion or 2redabcuision is p;r?errai+d, atcem?:ed. or hxater?ed against

the cerr:;ory of che L-niced Scates b- iLny ioreign nation or gortmmect. YnC the. .President mkes public proc!nnation of the ?rent, 

nil asiires. ciize93. Jenizecs. or subjeccs of the hostile nntion or 

p-er-ae9t. being oi ihe age of fourteen ~2arsaad upn-ard. Rho 

shdl be +,thin the Enited States and not actual!- nncma!ized, 

shall be linble io be apprehended, restrained. secured. nsd renored as aliez eneEies. The President is auLhorized i~ ar,? 

suck ?-ea:, bF his proclamation thereof. or OLhei pubiic act. to 

chct :he conduct to be obserred. on the pnrt of the United 

States, :o~arC:he sliezs n-ho become so liabie: che macner and 

degreeaoi' the iesxui3c co which [.hey shdl be siibject azc! ic dnt 

cses. CnC upon xhaL sewrit? their residence shall be pemitted.

snd to pro-ride for the rem0T.d or' those n-ho, not being permitted 

io rzside ri,:hin the United States, refuse or neglect to depart

therefrom : and io establish ynr other ieguiations which are found 

necessnr_r in the ?remises and for the pubiic de^^." 

nnd 

F;tITEREAS by Sections 32, 33 and 21 of Tide SO of the United 

States Code iurcher provision is made relatire to dien enex!.ies: 
Prcdamdon 

XOT, THIRSFOBE. I,FRJJKLIS D.BOOSETTLT, 3s PRES- IJI'U'O' by 'w*'. 

IDESTof the 1-nitea Siaces and 3s Commander in Chef oi' the &-in? 

ana 3a.y~of the United States, do hereby make public procianation 

to all whoa it ma. concern that an inrasion has been perpetrated 

upon the ter5tol-r of the Uniced States bF the Empire of Japan. . Conduct To Ee Observed by Alien Enemies 

And, sctinq under and bp rirtue of the authoritr rested in me by J,~~;$;~ie~ward 

the Constitution of the United Scntes and the said sections of the 

Uniced States Code, I do herebr iurther proclaim and direcc that 

the conduct io be obsexed on the part of the Cnited States toward 

all nstires, citizens, denizens or subjects of the Empire of Japan

being of the ?.:e oi fourteen pesrs snd upwards who shall be within 

the L-nited Sintes or wi~hinan? territofiec in an. na- sub.ject to the 

jurisdiction of the United States and not aCtUau. naturalized, who for 

the purpose oi' this Proclamation and under such sections oi the United 

States Code are termed alien enemies. shsll be 3s fol!oms: 

Al! alien ece5ies are ecjoked to preserre ihe pence tovxrds the ,L~~~;~~s.ecC~~ OD 

C5ced ScaLes and to refrain from crime sgninst the public sefecy,

and from rio1at;ag the !3w of the Unir;ed zcztes 2nd of the States 

2nd Teritoiies thereof: and to refrain from sztual hostilit? or giriq

idoimation, aid or codor: io the esemies oi the Lnited States or 

in:erfering bt word or deed wiLh the defense of the Uniced States or 

tbe political processes azld ~)ubLcophions ;hereof; and to comply

stricclr Fith the repkitions duch are hereby or ~hichmay be from 

the to :he promulg~tedb~ the Presideoc. 

-1i.l alien enemies shall be liable to restraint, or to giTe security, 

or to rernor-e nxd depar: from the Czlited Stsies in :he msmer presc5bed b_r Sections 22 cad 24 of Tide 30 of che Uniced SLates Code,

snd as prescribed in the reg111a:iocs duly promulgated br the Presidmt. 

Dutiis cm:' 1~1,LLsrityd-i' the --',ttornry Gsneral and the PO% 3.1714 

ScCTcfar~dj n-uT 

hd.pxsumr to the achritp re-cied is me, I herebr cEa-ge the 

-l:torxey Ger..rn! ivith rhc dx:y 031 exzc-ring n!l the regclatioss hereixitcr COE'L~'~~G regzrdk-;~;he cond:ict oi aiien m.mies with 

coil;insentn! United Sxxs. Puerto Rico. the T'kg'3 Islmds and 

-lli~ska,and :he St.crcrair of Il-xwi:h the du:? of esecutiq the 

regiihiions which air7 hc?Ldter seL forth and which ma? be hereafter adopted r.g.-rdk!g the condac: of alien cn2mies in the Ci~nnl 

Zone, the Elr~ailrnIhxis LE^ the Pkdippine Islands. Eac!i of 

them is speci5csE.c- directd to czme the apprehension of such alien 

22ecies 3s k :he jadpeni of esch are subject to apprehension or 

cieportntion ucic such rcgu1a:iozs. In cnrryiig out such reguhtions

\-rich ;he contmentui L-x~ed5cates. Puerto Rico, the T-irgin Islands 

"3d --Uaska. the -1;;orzle;- Gcnrlral is aurhorized to utilize such agents?

Agencies, oi3cers snb dep~r:mt.nts of the 'Cniced States and of r;he 

serer31 states, terriLories. dependencies ad municipalities thereof aad 

of the Diszricc of Coiulsbia as he ins? select for the pugose. Skilvrlp the Secretnr- of Vu in carrykg out such regulations in the 

Canal Zone. :he Hnrniian Islands snd the Puppine Islsnds is 

authorized io cse such agenra, agencies, oEcers 2nd departments of 
1702 

the L-nited Statss sad of the ter;lror12c. dependzncies and maicipalities thereoi 3s he ma. select for ~hepur2ose. -Li! such as?n;j, 

agencies, oEcers and departaerts are her&? granied full suthoritt 

for dl 3cts done b;G them in the execLsion of such regdations when 

acting b,t du-ection of the Atcorne? Geners! or c,he Secretq of War: 

as the case may be. 

Begdaticns 

hd, pursuant to the authori;? .rested in me. I hereby dec!are and 

establish the fallowas reguhtions which Ikd necesszrl; is:he premises and for che public sczfetr: 

enermesmC3ndZans (1) 50 n!ien ecemp shsil encer or be found *thin ahe Canal Presence of ilian 

forbidden. Lnro at dcparZone and no alien eneEy shal! enter or 1es.ie she Hzwaiian En~7 me from Hawinan Islands or che Pkdipgine Ish~iisexcept under such regnlaIslands or Phuipurne tions as [he Secretarr of Far shall irom time to LLT-~pre- Islands restricted. scribe. -by nlien ~neml;fou4 in the Cad Zone. the 

E:imaiinn Islands, or che PhiiiPpine Isiands in ~olscionor' 

nnr such regdacions md acr dim emnt rho enws or is 

found xithin YEJ~ resLricLed ar.2 to be her2Lr'er prescribed

b? the LliLtarT ComzanCerr esch such ter::torF i.~Lhe 

Canai Zone. che Hnw-aiian Isiands? snd :he Philippine

Ishds. mnr be immediately Lpprehended b? 3u:horixp of 

the Miitarqr Gorermrs in each such xrrimry, or if rhere be 

no lliiicai? Gorsr~lor.Lhen br mrhorit? oi the Secrexrt 

of Far, and detsind uzcil it is dcterziixd. under the ~eqy1a~ior.i:a be presc5beC by the Secretary oi 'Tar+ whether 

any snch rliier; enecy s5.odd be 3ermsacn:iy inieraeC fo20~­

ing ;vbch such dies ??-*mysh~i!eiiher be re!e;sed. reieseci 

on bonci, or permmenil- :ctsrxed. ss :he cse an- be. 

(3: The ?z?rcise oi the power to prwribe rescric:ec! aress 3fci 

the ?on-er oi ares~,&tencion 2nd in[ernmezt of siien mrxies 

in che Canal Zone. the Hzlvsiisn Islcnds or the Pbiippine

1sl:inds &a;! be under the jur:sdic:ioc of tho 1Tili:nry Comn:~cii?:s of esch such ~~rii~~~~. i?yCh S C C iuder ~ ~ ssch :egd~cions3s :he Secr2:xt of Kt9: ;hail hrreniszr prescribe. Enminro or deuar- (2) To A!i+z .ner?l~ hi!+c:?r or l~llreSlnska. Puer-,o Rico o r cure :rom _\lssia. 

Puerra Xico. ar Virzm the Vir$J Islnniis tzi.epr uzcier such reg1ArLtions as che Islsnds :estr.c:ed. -I;rorze>- &nerd shall from me LO t,ac prescribe. Az? 

niim enc.clr found in -4askn. Puerco Rico or che Virgin

Is!anils in .t?olacion of sach regdacions szd acy alien 

enem? ~-ho2nters or is feud iL<chh tiny restricceli 3rea to 

be hereafter prilsc:ibed by che l[ii.iix~~L'om.i~sxiersof euch 

such tepicorF in -Uaskrl, P!i*r:o Rico and by r,h? X~vd 

Cornm:indt.r in chs Vkgii Isinnds. shall be irzr;;diatelp

apprehended by the authoric: of the -l;torx? Gemrd 

nccing thzough the United 5c.Lices lctoraer in each such 

te-rito~and detained until ic is detsrmined. ucder the 

regda;iocs to be proscribed by che Attoraer General, 

whether any such s1i.c cnernr shdl either be released, 

relesed on bond: or permaz.nily incer,ed, YS che case 

may be. 

(4)The >Lli~a~ Commders h Sl~skaand P~er;oRico acd 

the Xnval C'orxntmder in the Viizh Isisnds shdl hare the 

power GO preicnbt: resxicced sreas. 
-- 

55 SPAT.] PROc’L;3LIY;OSS:-LEC. 7. 1041 

I 

(5; So alien enemr sHd hare in his possession. custody or 

control at an? time or place or use or operate 3.r~Fof he 

foLlori.ng enner2tec! zrncles: 

a. Firearms. 

b. Weapons or ;-3plementr of war or component parts thereof. 

c. Ammunit~ion. 

d. Bombs. 

e. Explosives or msteri al usecl in the manufacture of 

e-xplosites. f. Short-wave radio receirig sets. 

g. Transmitting sets. 

h. Signal derices. 

i. Codes or cipher.

j. Cameras. 

k. Papers. doc::menrs or books in n-hich there msp be 

intisible v’ty~~. -=. photo-Fanh: sketch: picture, draw-kg. map or graphical representation of anv 

m%tarF or naral ~siAlations or equipment or of 

acr srms. ammunition: implements of war, derice 

or*thirx xed or aLended 10 be useii Lc.the combat, - eauipmes: of :he land or nay-al forces of the Pnited 

SLtes or of Any EliiitCLi~ or na.rnl post, camp or 

sLation. 

Ali such proper:!: found in the possession of 

any sh czar in rioiscion of the foregoing reg-J&Lic-j j htll! be scbjec-, to seizure and forieixze. 

(6:’ X0 s!ier- enem- sh2ll underrake m-c-AL-fiizht or ascend mt,o 

the air in acr air?iaze. x~cr~f~ or b&oon o?ST sort whether 

or--ned ~oreIzlIwr.r3”~-. commercirllir or prik.:elF, escept 

ch3.: trare! br LL~tlizr 2nem~ in 2n 3Lppkne or aircraft may be acthorize~ !J- -.heAXorneT General. or his representsiiTe,

or the Scx~x~ I .’ of TLr. Oi hlS representative. in their 

iespec:irz ju.risdic;ions. mcier such r@a;ions 1s ;hev” sh;lll 

prescribe. (7: -lliec enemies deemed Ci2ETzOCs COThenl:olic n?Bceor jQi*eLr 

1703 

P”~css’on~etc.- Of aesqnered aniclc& 

Ar nare1:csnm.d. 

&‘s;~~C Codne­ aargerou of ;he T--nit~i SCLLX by :.Tlr Iriorne~ ten&l ,Jr ;ne ’ Secre- ti!:e=NOZZLES. 

t:q of ‘TX. s :Le ,CZS*ZILT be. ;Ire s,Jbjec-, LO j~LlT?XELli~ anurehension. Scch Lppreh;nsion sha!l be made m me’ 

continental Pni:eci S:z:es. LS~XL. Pxerto Elico and the T-ir@ Ijian(!j j? =-ch -‘­ dui- aurhor:zed o3icer of ;he DepAr:­

ment of .Jusrice as :he -iLtorn??- General ma7 determine. In 

the Csnal Zone. the EIawaiian Islrmds and the Philippine

Islnnds. such arres:s shall ‘be mlrde br the Slilitclrr Commanders in 3ch snch territory by nuthiritr of the respectire

3Iilitarr GO~CZOX Lhereof, end if there be no Militnrv 

Governor. then b? L.uzhoricr of :he Secretarr of Tar. Alien 

enemies arrestec! shsll br subject KO confinement, Ir?.such place of detention 2s m-r be directed br the ol?icers resnonsible 

for the execution of these regulsiions and for the arrest, 

detention and mternmen~ of alien enemies h each case, or in 

such other ulaces of detention 3s map be directed from time 

to time by the lttorner GeneA: wit-h respect to conr,i.nenisl 
1704 PROCLSUTIONS--3EC. 7, 1911 .%TAT. 

United States, Alasks, Puerto Rico and the Virzi.~Islsds, 

and by the Secretary of Far with respect to the Canal Zone, 

the Hawaiian Islands and the Puppine Isinnds, and there 

confhed uctil he shall have receiFed such permit BS the 

Attorney General or Lhe Secretary of Vsr mith respect to 

the Canal Zone, the Hawaiian Islands and the Phdippine

Islands shall prescribe. Encrr mco or depar. 

ture from U. S.. (Sj 1-0alien enem? shsll land in, enter or leare or accempt to 

rescr:ccion. land in, enter or leare the United Scntes. escepc under the 

redations prescribed by the President in his Proclamation 

Ante. p. i6oa. 	 dated Xosember 14, 1941, and the re&cions promdgateri

thereuder or 3ny--prociu,-,ntion or reg.h:ion pr~~mui~:;&

hereafter. 

Exclusion from des- (9) Tnenever che Ii,cornej- General of Lhe United States. Tit11 iensred areca. BLC. 

respect to the coc;izen:si L-niteci 2 taw, A!,!askz. P:;er:c

Rico and the VSgii Isla~ds.or the 5ecreiar- oi Tar. x-iih 

respect io :he Csml Zone. the Rcrziim Islands. azd :he 

Philippine Idacds. deems ie io be ~~ececs~~: for ihe public 

sniec~3rd protection. to ?xclude siiec enezies from a designaced ares. surrounding any for;, cxip, arsecal: n?por:.

landkg 5eld: sixraft stscion: e!ec~ric or ather poner plan:.

hpdroe!ec;ric dszl. gorerxnenc nvrd ress2. 239 yard. pier.

dock. d~dock. or nnp Iaccorr, t'ouildrr. planc: vorkshop, 

storqe yxrd,-or warehouse foi chc EN~IX~X~LLIY of zmiLions or implemeas of TPY or &cy thing of AI-.? kkd. nsture 

or descr;pcion for the use of che &my. che h-nvp or an' 

couirr allied or associacad w:th the L-nit?c! States. or i~ 

any +.se comected rich Lhe nasionai deiense oi the Uniced 

Scntcs! or from sz_r loc-iiiy ic mhich residecce b~ an iLiien 

enemy shall be fomd to constituce 5 dnzer to cht. public 

peace and safeiy or" che United States or from Y designated 

area surromdkg any cnxal or any wharf. pier. dock or dry

dock used ST Ships or r.~se!s of $27 designa:ed tonzac? 33­ . * . pg?d LE i ~ ~ ore doix,es:ic l ~ ~ iizcie. or oi 3n-r TVL~~LO~IS~,

shed, elerLLor. railrod cernina!, de20~or said or ocher Lermiaal. storcge or ;rxsfx Escilii~.then 30 alien enem. shsU 

be foucd Richin such Area or che iameciinte ricinirr hereof. 

-In?alien enear foud ;F;,chin any such uea or che immediate yiciniir thereof prescribed by che Alicorzley Gexersl or 

the SecremrS; or' Vu. as the case in27 be. pursuant to diese 

rephiions, shall be subjccc to ;umn=ar~ apprehension ~nd 

to be dealt mith as hereinabove prescribed. Cbao&3 of place ol obodb or occuparloo. (IO) Vich respect to the conriencal L-nited States. X&a, OtC. 	 Puerto Rico, snil the \-;Spin Mtrnils. an slim enem? shd 

COL change bs plue oi Abode or occuphiion or other-.\ise 

troPel or move frorr? pince to place +,~chout full complisnce

.irith an? such reFdations as che Icsorztt_r General oi che 

United States may. from time to the, mdie and clec!nre: 

snd the Actoraey General is hereby authorized to milhe and 

dec!are, from time to time. such repintions conceraiog.[he 

morements of nlien enemies wi:h the concinentnl Unitd 

Stncss, -Usska, Puerto Rico md the Viqin Islands. as he 

map deem necessaF in the premises and for the public

safer,?. 

(11). Fich respect to the Cad Zone. the Hzn-aiian IsivnJs sod 

the Phlippine Isiands? an alien encmr shni! noc chnq~'his 

pIace of abode or occupasion or othei+,se LET?! or mori 

from pluce LO piec? -\v;lthout fdl compL.sr?ce +&th 327 such 

reg1h:ions as the >ttcrera;T dt' 'Tar mu?.irom time ic) LiEe 

make and &c!ue: azd the &c:etary or' TVx is herebr 
1­

55 S’AT.] 

authorized to mate and declare, from time to time, such 

regc&~tionsconcerning the motements of alien enenzies 

with the Canal Zone, the Ehraiisn Islands. and the 

Phhppine Islands as he map deem necess- in che premises

and for the public aafet?. 

(i?) 30 den enemy shall entu or be found in or upon anp 

hgh~vagr, watermsp, nim~r,railu-z~,rail-oad, iubmsr,

public utilit?, building, place or thing not open md accessible 

LO the public gserdlp, snd not generd? used by &hepublic.

(131 So alien en2m3: shall be a member or YR oEcer of, or 

Giiated wrh, sn~ org~ation.pup or sssembl- heresfter

desigcsted by the -Stcorset. General, nor shall any alien 

enem? adrocate, d?fend or subscribe to the acts. prmciples 

or poiicies thereof. actend say meetings, cocFentions or 

gstherkgs thereof or possess Qr discribute an? Literature, 

propagands or other icitics or productions thereof. 

Th.15 procluzzuiion zd :he reg-ilstions herein contained shal! estend 

sd appl? to dl isad and n-ster, continertal or insular. in asp WSJ 

wlthin the jcr:saictic,o of che t-nited. States. 

13 KITSESS THEREOF,I hare heremto set m-y hvxd snd 

caused the s2al of the United States of ,Imericz to be %Eyed. DOXE YL the Cic? oi Washington ths dur of December. in the ~ e ofs0-z Lord aketeeo hulldred and fort?-one, slld of the 

~SZAL] Independence of the TjxiLed Stntes of Anencs the one 

hmdred snd skT-si-sh. 

FEXYhLIS D ROOSETELT

B? the Y:esider,t: 

COK3ELL ECLL 

SecTefcT oj Siate. 

1705 

Prohlblted”.s 

u~\~~~~~ ~ 

oldden. 

l&~rp:Ic~~~~gD :’*‘’-
Appendix L.4 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2526,6 Fed. Reg. 6323, 55 Stat. 1705 (December 8, 

1941) 
PROCLI'LATIOXS-DEC. 7, 9, 13-41 1io5 

, 

i'tr~enr3r2rther. is 3 dec!ered mnr betmen the Uaiter.1 Staces 

anit my foreign nation or ioternniect. or my kcasion or predstors incursion is per?etrsm-l, sctemptd. or threstmed sgsinsc

the imricor? of the Uniced Stac?sbt an? foreign xcioa or gowrzment. snd the Pxsident makes public proc!am:icion of the enat. 

dl nacires, citizens. denizens. or subjects of the hosde xcion or 

gqreromenc. b?irg of cfie age oi fourteen yezrs and upwrd, mho 

shdl be srlchin the Cniceil 5t0ces nncl noc sc:u:l.llp nac.xa!ized. 

shal! bs liable to be spprehenc!ed. restr-ind. jecured. nod remord 3s alien enemies. The President is Authorized izan? iuch 

erecc, by his proclamation thereof. oi other public ACL. to direc: 

the conducr; to be obsersed, on the p~rtof &e Unixd 5ta:zs. 

con-3rd the aliens who become so !iable: the manner ~cddegree

of the restrzbc to which shep shall be subjecc and in dxc cases, 

snil upon mhac securit? cheir residence 3halI be pemicted: and 

to protIcie !or che remocsl or' chose rho. not bring pernicced to 

reside nich the Cniced States. refuse or neglec: uo depar: therefrom; ad to estnbiish up ocher regulacions which Are found 

necessary in the prerrises and for the public ifii?Lp." 
1706 
 

s,~~r~~,ne& i"c';:: XOV, TITEREFORE. I, FRlXjZiLIX D. ROOSEJXLT. as 

many. 	 PRESIDEYT of the Uniced Scates acd as Conmmder LI Chief of 

the &my 31ld Tatl; of the United Scates. do hereb- ~nkepublic

proclamacion w all rhom is ma? concern ih3t an hrasion or preilacorp

incursion is threatened upon the territor? of the Cn?id 3taies bF 

Germany. 

Conduct TiBI?Obsered by Alien Endmits 

Genan iiiens. of the authority res& in me 5- Conducc :onard And. acting under acd b~ +XE 

the Conscitation of che L-ciced Siaces and the said ;ec:ioc; or' the 

Unicd 5ca:es C$ii!e. I do hezb.; fnrcher proclaim LCJiiirec: t.hat i,he 

condwt to be o5sc--2d on the px:, or' Lhe Uxitzd SC~CEiowaid dl 

nscires, citizens. degizens or xbj;Jr_cs of Gemany being or' che age

of :'ourreen ?+Ais 5~i !IDWX& F-~O shd! be XiLhin ;he L-iceci StLce5 

or n<chla mp c*r;icories in 307 xa..; sx-bj?~: to the jxisiiiction or' . . the Cni~ed5tat2s ad not ac:uaiIr nacilral:zed, dio :or ;ne pi:r?osz

oi ths ProclaEdtion ~nciuCer silch seczions or' ;he L-z::ed Siates 

Coiie are :erx?lecl ~LPOenemies, shd! be 33 foilowj: Re5~3~. 

alien ?nermes. +rc.. 1~ du;rLk erernies ;re enjoked co preser-re chz ?i?~czta~irckch;

V~cedStaces ad to reirsia from crime apinsi, :he ?ubiic safe^^. 

and from Tiohting the lam t>r' :he I.-Diced 3csc~s~zdor' ;he S~,L,LCSS

and Territories thereoi: and zo Yer'xLq from YCCUVIhostdizy or s';mg

information. aid or comlorc 50 &e aemies of &e Ilnitd 5c.ztzs or 

incxf2ring by mord Cjr deed +~h;he der'znse or' the Cai:zc! Scsces ,Jr 

the poli~icdprocesses and ?ublic opinions therecf; cci io compl~

scricdy with the replations which Are hereby or dxch ro~be from 

tie to timz promdg%t*dSt the P-esidmt. 

-111 alien axnies &il be iivble to rescminc, or to $.r?secmicp, or 

to remore and tiepBi: from -.heCniczd States in thz ma" ?r?scribed 

by seccions 22 and 2-L or' citlz 50 or' the United Scaites Code, 2nd 35 

prmribd inthe replacions duly ?romdg3ced bt ;he P:esiife~t. 

Post. 2. Ddzs and ,i~zChar7'rg,I-? !hi -i.it~niyGaeral md thc: S<cF:tz-- #$ lTir 

lzd. pursumc :a :he 3u:l~oricr resid in me. I hereb- churge the 

lctornep General +ch the duty or' executing clU the regulations hereinaicer prescribed regxding the conduct of alien enemies within 

concinentai Gnited States, Puerts Rico, the Vi$? 1;lunds and 

-Ussk~and the Secretan or' Vu mich the duty or' esecuting the 

regulations which 31-e hereinaiter prescribed and which ma- be herealter adopted regarding the conducc ot' alien enemies in the Ca~nl 

Zme, the Hz~mz~iiucIslds and the Philippine Isiuniis. Each of 

them is specScslI7 directed to c3cse the apprehension or' such alien 

enemies rls in the judgmenr; of esch we sibjecc to spprehension or 

deporcacion under such re,qlllatiocs. In carrcing ous such regulscionj

within thz concinencd United 5 tatzs, Puerco Rico, the Virgiii Ishifj

and -4lask3. the Attorney General is authorized to ucilize such agents.

agencies. odicers and depai:aencs ot' the Uniced Staces and oi cbe 

sever31 states. terricories. dependencies 2nd municiDdici2s thereof 3nd 

of the Discricc of CdLunbia as he m:ip select for the purpose. Similar!? che SecretaF oi Far in 53rr5iq out such reyilscions in che Canal 

Zone, the Hrrmiiun Islands 2nd che Philippine Island; is au thorked 

to use such agents: ;rg?ncies, o6cers and depart;;lencs oi the Uniced 
35 STAT.] PROCLL'JATIO N 3--D EC. 3, 194: 1.707 

States and of ihe territories, dependencies snd municipdiries thereof 

as he may select for the purpose. -All such sgenis. asencies, o6cers 

and departaents are hereby pnted full authoriL7 for all acts done bp

them in the execution or' such regilations Then actinz bp direction of 

the Attorney Genezal or the Secretar? of 'Tar, s the case may be. 

Rqdations -

The reguiacions concaked in Proclamation YO.252.3 of Decemjer 7, *4nrc- 2. 

1341, reIsti.;e to n;rcires: citizens, denizens or subject; of Japan are 

hereby incorporst+d iC snd made s part oi chis proclanscion, and 

jhlrll be qglicable to slieil enemies defined in ths proclnmscion. Tbx proclnimcion and the regslacions herein prescribed shdl ,~~~~~;&'~ :O 'Iczextead snd apply io all iand ami macer! contiientd or insular, in any 

ma-y ~nckiln;he jurisdiction oi che Unitd States.

IS ViITXEScS 'TEEREOF,I hare hereur;o sec E? haed and 

csuszb t.he ied of the Uzilieil Sinczs of hterics 30 bz rL5Ted. 

DOXS si the Ciiy or' Kashmgton ths QLh cia? oi' Decercber, in 

the year or' our L,ord niaetcen Su."eti ~EUfoxy-one, 2nd 

[SZAL~ oi' the hdepedecce gf [he Uni:ed 5cates oi -hnerics ;he 

one hmcired snii +zT-i,A 

FillUIiLIS D ROOSETTLT 

By the PTesidenr.: 

CORDELLHGLL 

Secretlzq oj Ski&. 
Appendix L.5 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2527, 6 Fed. Reg. 6324, 55 Stat. 1707 (December 8, 

1941) 

170s PRGiL.L\I-LTIOX-DEC. s. 1DU [53 STAT. 

Prociamadion 

Threatened in'*- xOW, T"ilZ;FORE. I, FR-ISfiLIY D. ROOSEVELT, 3s

jiou, etc.. oy 1:dp President of the United States snd as Commdzr-in-Chief of the 

Conduct toa*rd 

Italian alrew. 

Rcsnalnu. etc-. On 

and Sav of the United States, do hereby make public proc!amation to all whom it lnnp concern that an hotasion or predator?

inccsion is threatened upon the territory of the L.-nited States by Italy. 

Conduct To Bz 06serced by Alien Enemies 

hd, acting under and br -i+cue of the mthoritF vested in roe bp

the Consticution of the United States and the said sections of the 

Unicd States Code, I do hereby further proclaim and direct that 

the conduct to be obserred on the parr, of the Uniwd States towud 

dl nacires, citizens, denizens or subjects of Italy beins of the see of 

iourteen yenrs and upwards who hall be wiLhin the United States or 

rir.hin ant territories in Any n-ay subject to the jurisdiction of the 

United Siaces and not accunllr nattmlized, who for the purpose of 

this Pioclamacion snd under such sections of the L7niced Staces Code 

are terned &Lien .nercies, shall be as folloms: 

,u1 alien enenies are enjoined to preserve [he peace towarr!: the 

Uniced .States and to refram from crime sg~ir?sthe pubiic saie;~,

snd fron ~iolachzthe Isms of the United Scae2s sad of the States 

md Txritories 5hgreof; and to refrain from actual hoscilit7 or $.ins 

im"om.ation. aid or comfort to the enemies of the IJaited Staces or 

inceriehg by word or deed rith the deiense of che Uniied Scaces or 

the poiicical processes and pubiic opinions thereof; and to compip

siiictlr with the regulations which are hereby or Fbch ma- be iron 

the LO time promdgated by the Prcsidenc. 

All alien en+nies shall be lisble to rescr3izc, or to give secuitp, or 

to remote 2nd depart from the United Scuces ir ;he inanner prescribed

by sections 33 and 24 of Title 50 of che United Scates Code, 2nd as 

prescribed in the regulaciocs ddy promulgnccci by the President. 

Ddes and -4uthtrity OJ' thz -4ttorney Gmrml anc' the Secretanj oj JTcr 

And. pursunnc to the Authorit>- vested in me. I hereby chuqe the 

Attorney Generd with the duty of esecuting all ;he regulations hereinafter prescribed regarding the conducr; of hen enemies +.this continmcal L-nited Sciltes. Puerto Rico, the Vir;r;S 1;lnnds aail Ahska, 

and the Secretuq- of wich the dxt? oi esxx~bgthe regulations

Khich 3re hereinafter presccbed and which miip be here:ilter adop terl 

regding the conduct of :ilic.n 2nemies in the Cncd Zone, the Hawaiiau 

Islands snd the Phdippke Islands. Each oi them is specifically

directed to cnustf the npprehension of such alien enemies IS in the 

judgment of each are subject to apprehension or deportncion under 

such regulacions. In car+ng out such regu!ntions v-itOin the continental L'niteci states. Puerto Rico. the Virgin Islands 2nd Alaska, 

the AttorxeF Genervl is authorized to utilize such agents. Agencies,

officers and departments oi the United Sciites and of the several 

states. ter5cories. dependencies 2nd municipalities thereof and or" the 

District of Columbia 3s he m.? se!ect for the pqose. Si~ildythe 

Secretrzq- of War in csqing out SUC!~regulntiors i3 the Cnnal Zone, 

the H;lmaiil~nIsiands and the PhiLippine Islands ij authorized to use 

such agents! ageixies, o6cers and degartment: of the United Statzs 

and of the ter,",tories, dependencies and municipdicies thereof 3s he 

may select for the purpose. - - such agents, Agencies, o5cers and 

deptirtments are hereby pnted full authorit? for nll acts done by 
them in the esecution of such regulations when acting by direction 

of the Attorney General or the Secretq of Tar! as the case ma7 be. 

t3 Rzgdations 

The regulations contained in Proclamation So. 332: of December rlntc. D. 17m. 

7, 1941, relative to natiTes, citizens, denizens or subjects of Japan 

are hereby incorporated in and made s part of this proclamation, and 

shall be applicable to alien enemies defined in this prociamation. 

This proclamation and she regulations herein prescribed shaU extend i~~~~;~g '--

and apply to all land ad water, continental or insular, in ant way

within the jurisdiction of the United Staces. 

IS WTXESS THEREOF,I ha-re hereunto set KEFhand and caused 

the seal oi the United States of America to be affixed. 

DOXE at the City of Washington ths Sth dsp of December, in the 

pew of our Lord nineteen hundred and forr,p-one, and of 

[SEAL] the Independence oi the TI-nited States of America the 

one hundred and iir;tp-sixth. 

FEAMLLI3 D ROOSEVELT 

By the ?resident: 

CORDELLH~LL 

S" 1,i 3tc?z. 
Appendix M 
--I 

1. 

Names and Locations of Historical Records Reviewed 

The National Archives at College Park 
 

8601 Adelphi Road 
 

College Park, Maryland 
 

Record Group 38 Office of the Chief of Naval Operations 

Security Classified Administrative Correspondence, Chief of 

Naval Operations 

Office of Navy Intelligence: Records of the Intelligence Branch, 

Correspondence & Reports, Coastal Information 

Section 

Office of Navy Intelligence: Alien-Owned Boats 

Record Group 60 	 General Records of Department of Justice 

Index to Alien Enemy Files ("3-60-01-061) 

Department of Justice Administration, Closed Legal Case Files 

(146-13-1 46-13-2-0) 
 

Alien Enemy Cards 

Department of Justice Administrative Orders, Circulars and 

Memorandums 3650 (2142-12/45) 

Department of Justice World War II Files (Subversive Activities) 

Detention 
 

Closed Legal Case Files 
 

Detention of alien enemies 
 

Department of Justice World War I1Files; Classified Subject Files 

Travel, contraband, and curfew violations: Alien enemies 

within the United States (146-13-3) 

Photographic Equipment, records relating to ( I46-13-4) 
 

Employment, records relating to (146-13-5) 
 

Radio Equipment, records relating to (146-13-6) 
 

Restricted Zones, records of restricted areas designated by 
 

the Attorney General (146-13-7) 

Contraband, records relating to personal possessions 

confiscated by the United States Marshals (146-13-8) 

Department of Justice World War II Files; Requisition of Property 

Requisition of commercial property by the government 

(146-23-NS) 
 

Department of Justice Various Central Classified Files, 1918-1 981 

Status of Internment of Italian Civilians at Fort Meade 

(146-13-2) 

1 
Basis for Travel and Vessel Restrictions Policy-including 
 

Circular 3295 (146-54) 

Correspondence of Francis Biddle 

Record Group 65 Records of the Federal Bureau of Investigation 

World War II Federal Bureau of Investigation 

Headquarter’s FiIes 

Record Group 107 Office of the Secretary of War 

Formerly Security Classified Correspondence of 

John J. McCloy 

General Correspondence of John J. McCloy 1941-1945 

General Correspondence, Assistant to the Secretary, 

Goldwaite H. Dorr 

Record Group 121 War Relocation Authority - Institutionalized Evacuee Cards 

Record Group 219 Office of Defense Transportation 

Record Group 220 Records of Temporary Committees, Commissions and Boards 

Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of 

Civilians 

Government correspondence and policy documents on the 

treatment of enemy aliens during World War II 

Record Group 338 United States Army, Western Defense Command, Civil Affairs 

Division 

Individual Exclusion Board, Non-Japanese Case Files 

Army Commands, Western Defense Command and 4‘h Army, 

Wartime Civil Control Administration and Civil Affairs Division 

Central Correspondence 1942 (291.I-291.2- Italian) 

United States Army Commands; Individual Exclusion Board 

Individual Exclusion Board and Program 

Western Defense Correspondence 

Eastern Defense Correspondence 

Southern Defense Correspondence 

Wartime Civil Correspondence 

Adjunct General’s Office; Western Defense Command 

Western Defense Command, Southern Defense Command 

and Eastern Defense Command Correspondence 

Individual Exclusion Board Correspondence 1942-45 

2 
 

I 
Record Group 389 Office of the Provost Marshal General 

Alien Enemy Information Bureau, Records relating to Italian 

Civilian Internees during World War II 1941-1946 

Italians in United States custody 

Correspondence Relating to the Maintenance of Internal 

Security 

Detention Lists and Correspondence 
 

Civilian Alien Internee Case Files 
 

Internal Security Division 
 

Executive Division 
 

2. 	 National Archives and Records Administration’s 

Pacific Region (San Francisco) 

1000 Commodore Drive 

San Bruno, California 

Record Group 181 Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

Commandant’s General Correspondence, Formerly Classified 

Headquarters, 12th Naval District, San Francisco 

Federal Bureau of Investigation Reports 

Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

12th Naval District, San Francisco 

Subgroup 58, Services 3206, Accession number: 

5-434 -FS 2, “Status of Vessels - decommissioned” 

12thNaval District, Mare Island, San Francisco 

Commandant’s Coded Administrative Records 1835-1956 

QSI - QSI/S85-3(9); QSI-A4 -3(3) 

12‘h Naval District, Commanders Office, Formerly Classified General 

Correspondence 181-58-3224 

3. 	 Washington National Records Center 

4205 Suitland Road 

Suitland, Maryland 

Record Group 131 Alien Property 

4. 	 National Archives and Records Administration’s 

Mid Atlantic Region (Center City) 

900 Market Street 

3 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 

Record Group 181 Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

5'hNaval District, Norfolk (A4-1-A4.3) 

Central Files - Commandant's Office 1922-1953 (A4-3) 

Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

4thNaval District, Philadelphia, Commandant's Office 1922­

1953 
 

General Correspondence Files and Reports (Production 

Department) 

Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

Office of the Commandant, 4'hNaval District, Philadelphia, 

General Correspondence Files (1923-1944) 

Files A4-1-A4-3 

Records of Naval District and Shore Establishments 

4thNaval District, Philadelphia, Central Subject Files A4-1 

(1940-1945) 
 

4'h Naval District, Philadelphia, Central Subject Files A4-3 

(1945) 
 

5. 	 National Archives and Records Administration's 

Northeast Region (Boston) 

380 Trapelo Road 

Waltham, Massachusetts 

Record Group 181 Naval District and Shore Establishments 

Records and General Correspondence, Formerly Classified 

Headquarters, First Naval District, Boston Commandant's 

Files, 1941 - 1942 

Formerly Classified General Correspondence, 1943-44 

Records of the Naval Districts & Shore Establishments, Port 

Director, Boston: Vessel Acquisition, Inspection, and 

Dispatch Files, 1940-47 

Formerly Classified General Correspondence, Records of 

Naval Districts & Shore Establishments 

6. 	 National Archives and Records Administration 

700 PennsylvaniaAvenue, N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 

Record Group 26 Coast Guard 

4 
General Correspondence and Reports: Legal Records 
 

Records of the Intelligence Division 
 

Records Relating to Port Safety and Law Enforcement 
 

Record Group 80 Navy Department 

Office of the Secretary, 1940-42 

General Correspondenceof the Navy Department, Office of 

the Secretary 

Record Group 85 Immigration and Naturalization Service Records 

General Camp Records/lndexes/Rosters 

Record Group 248 War Shipping Administration 

Records of Lewis W. Douglas 

Records of Fred Searls 

Records of Julius J. Rosenburg 

Records Relating to Application of Ship Warrants 

7. 	 Federal Bureau of Investigation 

J. Edgar Hoover Building 

Freedom of InformationAct Reading Room 

935 PennsylvaniaAvenue, N. W. 

Washington, D. C. 

Custodial Detention Files: World War II 

8. 	 San Francisco Public Library 

Historical Collection, 6'h Floor 

San Francisco, California 

9. 	 Immigration and NaturalizationServices Library 

Historical Section 

Washington, D. C. 

10. 	 Library of Congress 

Washington, D. C. 

5 
 
11, 	 BanGroft Library 

University of California at Berkeley 

Berkeley, California 

12. 	 Franklin D. Roosevelt Library 

4079 Albany Post Road 

Hyde Park, New York 

6 
 
Appendix N 
~ 

~ 

Other Sources 

Books and Periodicals 

Biddle, Francis. In Brief Authority. New York, NY: Doubleday, 1962. 

Christgau, John. “Enemies”: World War I/ Alien Internment. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State 

University Press, 1985. 

DiStasi, Lawrence, ed. Una Storia Segreta: The Secret History of ltalian American 

Evacuation and lnternment during World War /I. Berkeley, CA: Heyday Books, 

2001. 

Fox, Stephen. “General DeWitt and the Proposed Internment of German and Italian 

Aliens during World War 11.” Pacific Historical Review, 57 (November, 1988). 

Fox, Stephen. Uncivil Liberties: ltalian Americans Under Siege during World War /I. 

U.S.A.: Universal Publishers, 2000. 

Gardiner, C. Harvey. Pawns in a Triangle of Hate: The Peruvian Japanese and the 

United States. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1981. 

Harrison, Earl. “Axis Aliens in an Emergency.” Survey Graphic, Sept. 1941. 

Irons, Peter. Justice at War: The Story of the Japanese American Internment Cases. 

New York: Oxford University Press, 1983. 

Krammer, Arnold. Undue Process: The Untold Story of America’s German Alien 

Internees. London, UK and Boulder, CO: Rowman & Littlefield, 1997. 

Lothrop, Gloria Ricci. “The Untold Story: The Effect of the Second World War on 

California Italians.” Journal of the West, 351 (1996). 

Mangione, Jerre. An Ethnic at Large: A Memoir of America in the Thirties and Forties. 

New York: Putnam, 1978. 

New England Dark All Along Coasts, N.Y. Times, April 27, 1942. 

Scherini, Rose. “Executive Order 9066 and Italian Americans: the San Francisco 

Story.” California History, 71:4(Winter 1991-92). 

Scherini, Rose. “The FascistIAnti-Fascist Struggle in San Francisco.’’ New Explorations 
in ltalian American Studies. Eds. Richard N,and Sandra P. Juliani. Washington, 

D.C.: American Italian Historical Association, 1994. 

ten Broeck, Jacobus, Edward Barnhart, and Floyd Matson. Prejudice, War and the 

Constitution. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1954. 

Weglyn, Michi. Years of Infamy: The Untold Story of America’s Concentration Camps. 

New York: William Morrow, ’ 1976. 

Government Documents 

Carter, Hugh et ai. U.S. Department of Justice, lmmigration and Naturalization Service, 

General Research Unit. Administrative History of the lmmigration and 

Naturalization Service during World War /I. (August 19, 1946). 

Commission on Wartime Relocation and lnternment of Civilians. Personal Justice 

Denied. new forward by Tetsuden Kashima. San Francisco, CA and Washington, 

D.C.: The Civil Liberties Public Education Fund, and Seattle, WA and London, UK: 

University of Washington Press, 1997. 

DeWitt, Lieutenant General J.L. Final Report. Japanese Evacuation from the West 

Coast, 1942. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1943. 

“Labor Shortages and the Restriction of Employment to Citizen Workers.” Federal 

Security Agency, Social Security Board, Bureau of Employment Security, 

Washington, D.C. (January 30, 1941). 

McDermott, Thomas D. “Aliens of Enemy Nationality.” INS Training Lecture. 1943. 

Press Release, 12‘h Naval District (July 24, 1941). 

Press Release, The White House, Statement of the President (Jan. 2, 1942). 

Press Release, The White House, Statement of the President (July 12, 1942). 

Sheridan, Peter. The Internment of German and ltalian Aliens Compared with the 

lnternment of Japanese Aliens in the United States during World War /I: A Brief 

History and Analysis. Library of Congress: Congressional Research Service, 

November 24, 1980. 

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Historical Statistics of the 

2 
United States; Colonial Times to 1970, Part 1. 

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census 1940. Table 36 - Foreign-Born 

White by Country of Birth, by Divisions and States. 

U.S. Department of the Interior. WRA, A Story of Human Conservation. Washington, 

D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1946. 

U.S. Department of the Interior, War Relocation Authority. Administrative Highlights of 

the WRA Program. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1946. 

U.S. Department of the Interior, War Relocation Authority. The Evacuated People, A 

Quantitative Description. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1946. 

US. Department of the Interior, War Relocation Authority. The Relocation Program. 

Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1946. 

Law Journals 

Robreno, Eduardo. ‘Learning to Do Justice: An Essay on the Development of the Lower 

Federal Courts in the Early Years of the Republic.” 29 Rutgers L.J. 555. 

Legal Authorities 

Statutes 

Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act, Pub. L. No. 106-451, 114 Stat. 

1947 (2000). 

Alien Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. 21. 

Immigration Act of 1924, 8 U.S.C. 201 (43 Stat. 153). 

Trading with the Enemy Act, 50 U.S.C. app. 1 (1917). 

Merchant Marine Act, Pub. L. No. 74-835 (1936). 

Act of March 21, 1942, ch. 191, 56 Stat. 173 (providing penalties for violations of 

military restrictions). 

3 
 
Alien RegistrationAct, ch. 439, 54 Stat. 670 (1940). 

Cases 

Techt v. Hughes, 229 N.Y. 222, 128 N.E. 185 (1920). 

Legislative Materials 

Wartime Violation of Italian American Civil Liberties Act: Hearing on H.R. 2442 Before 

the Subcommittee on the Constitution, House Committee on the Judiciary, 106th 

Cong., 1‘ Sess. (October 26, 1999). 

Emergency Supplemental Appropriation Bill for 1940: Hearing before the Subcommittee 

on Appropriations, 76thCong., 3d Sess. (1939). 

“Supplementary Detailed Staff Reports on Intelligence Activities and the Rights of 

Americans,” book 3, Final Reponf of the Select Committee to Study Government 

Operations with Respect to lntelligence Activities, S. Rept. No. 94-755 (1976). 

“Findings and Recommendations on Evacuation of Enemy Aliens and Others from 

Prohibited Zones,” Fourth Interim Report of the Select Committee lnvestigafing 

National Defense Migration, H.R. Rep. No. 2124 (1942). 

Administrative and Executive Materials 

Executive Order No. 8403, 5 Fed. Reg. 1661 (May 9, 1940). 

Executive Order No. 8802, 6 Fed. Reg. 3109 (June 27, 1941). 

Executive Order No. 8953, 6 Fed. Reg. 6123 (December 2, 1941). 

Executive Order No. 8970, 6 Fed. Reg. 6417 (December 16, 1941). 

Executive Order No. 8978,6 Fed. Reg. 6469 (December 18, 1941). 

Executive Order No. 9066,7 Fed. Reg. 1407 (February 25, 1942). 

Executive Order No. 9106, 7 Fed. Reg. 2199 (March 24, 1942). 

Presidential Proclamation, 40 Stat. 1650 (April 6, 1917). 

4 
 
Presidential Proclamation No. 2487, 6 Fed. Reg. 2617 (May 29, 1941). 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2525, 6 Fed. Reg. 6321, 55 Stat. 1700 (December 7, 

1941). 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2526, 6 Fed. Reg. 6323, 55 Stat. 1705 (December 8, 

1941). 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2527, 6 Fed. Reg. 6324, 55 Stat. 1707 (December 8, 

1941). 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2537 , 7 Fed. Reg. 329 (January 17, 1942). 

Presidential Proclamation No. 2674, 10 Fed. Reg. 14945 (December 12, 1945). 

Regulations Controlling Travel and Other Conduct of Alien of Enemy Nationalities, 7 

Fed. Reg. 844 (February IO, 1942). 

Press Release, U.S. Department of Justice (December 26, 1941). 

Press Release No. 6, U.S. Department of Justice (January 29, 1942). 

Press Release No. 7, U.S. Department of Justice (January 31, 1942). 

Press Release No. 8, U.S. Department of Justice (February 2, 1942). 

Press Release No. 9, U.S. Department of Justice (February 4, 1942). 

Press Release No. IO, U.S.Department of Justice (February 4, 1942). 

Press Release No. 11, U.S. Department of Justice (February 7, 1942). 

Press Release, U.S. Department of Justice (June 3, 1942). 

Western Defense Command Public Proclamations 

Public Proclamation No. 1, issued by the Western Defense Command on March 2, 

1942. 

Public Proclamation No. 2, issued by the Western Defense Command on March 16, 

1942. 

5 
I 

I 

Public Proclamation No. 3, issued by the Western Defense Command on March 24, 

1942. 

Public Proclamation No. 11, issued by the Western Defense Command on August 18, 

1942. 

Public Proclamation No. 13, issued by the Western Defense Command on October 19, 

1942. 

Public Proclamation No. 24, issued by the Western Defense Command on September 

4,1945. 

6