Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

Pesticide Data Program 

Annual Summary Calendar Year 2005 

United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

Science and Technology 

Programs 

Visit our Web site at: www.ams.usda.gov/pdp 

November 2006 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Marketing and 

Regulatory 

Programs 

Agricultural 

Marketing 

Service 

1400 Independence Ave. 

Washington, DC 

20250 

November 2006 

To the Reader: 

I am pleased to present the Pesticide Data Program’s (PDP) 15th Annual 

Summary, which includes data for calendar year 2005. PDP data continue to 

demonstrate that the Nation’s food supply is among the safest in the world. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture implemented PDP in May 1991. Since then, 

PDP has tested a wide range of commodities in the U.S. food supply. Using a 

rigorous statistical approach to sampling and the most current laboratory methods, 

PDP has tested both fresh and processed fruit and vegetables, grains and grain 

products, milk and dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, drinking water, bottled 

water, and groundwater (initiated in 2006) for pesticide residues. 

PDP data are essential for the implementation of the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act, which directs the Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide 

residue data on foods most likely consumed by infants and children. The U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) uses PDP data as a critical component 

of dietary assessments of pesticide exposure. The extensive and reliable PDP 

results provide realistic exposure information to the EPA assessment process. 

PDP is a partnership with cooperating State agencies responsible for sample 

collection and analysis. Twelve States participated in the program during 2005: 

California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New 

York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. Sound conclusions about our 

food supply can be drawn from PDP results because together the sampling States 

represent all regions of the country and over half the Nation’s population. 

The format of this Annual Summary is intended to provide the reader with 

thorough and accurate information. A detachable form is included following this 

letter for your comments and suggestions on how we can further improve this 

summary. 

Sincerely, 

Lloyd C. Day 

Administrator 

AMS-Agricultural Marketing Service 

An Equal Opportunity Provider and Employer 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

Contents Page No.

Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................................vii 

Executive Summary ...............................................................................................................................ix 

Acronyms and Abbreviations ...............................................................................................................xii

Section I--Introduction ........................................................................................................................1 

Section II-- Sampling Operations.......................................................................................................4 

 Background................................................................................................................................4 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ................................................................................6 

 Grains: Soybeans and Wheat Grain...........................................................................................9 

 Dairy: Milk and Heavy Cream ................................................................................................12 

 Pork..........................................................................................................................................13 

 Bottled Water and Municipal Drinking Water ........................................................................13 

 

Section III--Laboratory Operations.................................................................................................15 

 Overview..................................................................................................................................15 

 Fresh and Processed Fruit and Vegetables ..............................................................................15 

 Soybeans and Wheat ...............................................................................................................17 

 Soybean Rust/Aphid Special Survey .......................................................................................17 

 Milk and Heavy Cream............................................................................................................17 

 Pork (Adipose and Muscle) .....................................................................................................17 

 Bottled Water...........................................................................................................................18 

 Drinking Water ........................................................................................................................18 

 Quality Assurance Program.....................................................................................................18 

Section IV--Database Management..................................................................................................20 

 Electronic Data Pathway..........................................................................................................20 

 Data Reporting.........................................................................................................................22 

Section V--Sample Results and Discussion ......................................................................................22 

 Sample Results.........................................................................................................................22 

 Fresh vs. Processed..................................................................................................................23 

 Import vs. Domestic Residue Comparisons.............................................................................26 

 National Estimates ...................................................................................................................27 

 Soybean Rust/Aphid Results ...................................................................................................27 

 Postharvest Applications .........................................................................................................27 

 Environmental Contaminants ..................................................................................................27

 Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections ....................................................................................28 

 Tolerance Violations................................................................................................................28 

 Bottled Water Results..............................................................................................................29 

 Drinking Water Results ...........................................................................................................30 

 Synopsis...................................................................................................................................31 

 

iii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

Figures and Tables

Figures Page No. 

1 PDP Program Operations Support and Data Users ...........................................................2 

 2 Program Participants ..........................................................................................................3 

 3 Commodity Origin .............................................................................................................8 

 4 Origin of Selected Fresh Commodities: Eggplant, Grapes and Winter Squash ...............10 

 5 Number of Samples Collected and Grower States for Soybeans -- Crop Year 2004.......11 

 6 Number of Samples Collected and Grower States for Wheat -- Crop Year 2004............12 

 7 Location of Pork Sample Collection Sites........................................................................14 

 8 Location of Drinking Water Collection Sites at Community Water Systems, 2005........15 

 9 PDP Data Pathway ...........................................................................................................21 

 10 Seasonality of Pesticides in Finished Drinking Water Samples.......................................32 

Tables

 1 PDP Commodity Collection Schedule for 2005 ................................................................5 

 2 Distribution of Samples Collected and Analyzed by Each Participating State..................7 

 3 Number of Samples Analyzed and Summary of Residues Detected by Commodity ......24 

 4 Selected Residue Comparisons for Fresh and Processed Commodities...........................25 

 5 Origin of Bottled Water Samples and Number of Residues Detected .............................30 

Appendices A-L

 Appendix A Commodity History 

 Appendix B Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Fruit and Vegetables 

 Appendix C Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Soybeans 

 Appendix D Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Soybean Rust/Aphid Special Survey 

 Appendix E Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Wheat 

 Appendix F Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Milk 

 Appendix G Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Heavy Cream 

 Appendix H Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Pork 

 Appendix I Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Bottled Water 

 Appendix J Distribution of Residues by Pesticide in Drinking Water 

 Appendix K Sample Origin by State or Country 

 Appendix L Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 Appendix M National Estimates for Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance 

 Appendix N Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 

 Appendix O Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample 

 Appendix P Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as Exceeding the 

 Tolerance or Without Established Tolerance 

v 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

Acknowledgements 

The States participating in the Pesticide Data 

Program (PDP) deserve special recognition for 

their contributions to the program. The dedication and flexibility of sample collectors allow 

the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) to 

adjust sampling protocols to respond to 

changing trends in commodity distribution and 

availability. PDP acknowledges the contributions of the State laboratories, U.S. Department 

of Agriculture’s (USDA) AMS National 

Science Laboratory, the Grain Inspection, 

Packers, and Stockyards Administration Laboratory in providing testing services to the 

program, and the National Agricultural Statistics Service for providing statistical support. 

PDP also acknowledges the exceptional support 

of the Health Effects Division staff of the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Pesticide Programs, in helping set the direction 

for PDP. 

 

Data presented in this report were collected and 

processed through the efforts of the following 

organizations: 

Program Administration

Agricultural Marketing Service 

Science and Technology Programs 

1400 Independence Ave., SW. 

South Building, Mail Stop 0222 

Washington, DC 20250 

Deputy Administrator 

Science & Technology Programs: 

Robert L. Epstein 

(202) 720-5231, Facsimile (202) 720-6496 

Monitoring Programs Office 

8609 Sudley Rd., Suite 206 

Manassas, VA 20110 

Director: Martha Lamont 

(703) 330-2300 x17, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Deputy Director: Diana Haynes 

(703) 330-2300 x34, Facsimile (703) 369-0678 

Electronic-mail Address: 

amsmpo.data@usda.gov

Web Site: 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/pdp

Participating State Agencies

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

California Department of Pesticide Regulation 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Maryland Department of Agriculture 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

Minnesota Department of Agriculture 

Montana Department of Agriculture 

New York Department of Agriculture and 

 Markets 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade, 

 and Consumer Protection 

Participating Laboratories

California Department of Food and Agriculture 

Division of Inspection Services 

Center for Analytical Chemistry 

3292 Meadowview Rd. 

Sacramento, CA 95832 

 

Colorado Department of Agriculture 

Inspection & Consumer Services Division 

Laboratory Section 

2331 West 31st Ave. 

Denver, CO 80211-3859 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

Building #3 

3125 Conner Blvd. 

Tallahassee, FL 32399-1650 

 

vii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

Ohio Department of Agriculture 

Consumer Analytical Laboratory 

8995 East Main St. 

Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 

 

Texas Department of Agriculture 

Pesticide Laboratory 

1500 Research Parkway, Ste. B100 

College Station, TX 77845 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Grain Inspection, Packers & Stockyards 

 Administration 

Technical Services Division 

10383 North Ambassador Dr. 

Kansas City, MO 64153-1394 

United States Department of Agriculture 

Agricultural Marketing Service 

National Science Laboratory 

801 Summit Crossing Pl. 

Gastonia, NC 28054 

Washington State Department of Agriculture 

Chemical and Hop Laboratory 

21 N. 1st Ave., Ste. 106 

Yakima, WA 98902 

Florida Department of Agriculture and 

 Consumer Services 

Chemical Residue Laboratory 

500 3rd St., NW 

Winter Haven, FL 33881 

 

Michigan Department of Agriculture 

Laboratory Division 

1615 South Harrison Rd. 

East Lansing, MI 48823-5224 

Minnesota Department of Agriculture 

601 N. Robert St. 

St. Paul, MN 55155-2531 

Montana Department of Agriculture 

Laboratory Bureau 

McCall Hall, Montana State University 

Bozeman, MT 59717 

 

New York Department of Agriculture and 

 Markets 

Food Laboratory 

1220 Washington Ave. 

State Office Campus, Bldg. 7 

Albany, NY 12235 

viii 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

This summary of results for 2005 is the 15th

Annual Summary of the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture (USDA) Pesticide Data Program 

(PDP). In 1991, USDA was charged with 

designing and implementing a program to 

collect data on pesticide residues in food. The 

responsibility for this program was given to 

USDA’s Agricultural Marketing Service 

(AMS). 

Program Operations: AMS, through its 

Monitoring Programs Office (MPO), oversees 

the planning and policy development for PDP. 

MPO meets regularly with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other 

stakeholders (e.g., industry and grower groups) 

to establish program priorities and direction. 

Participating States have a prominent role in 

program planning activities and policy establishment, particularly policies relating to 

Quality Assurance (QA). The USDA National 

Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) provides 

sampling support to PDP and statistically 

reliable data on chemical usage at the State 

level and collects economic data that link 

chemical usage with economic characteristics. 

Data Uses: PDP data are used primarily by 

EPA to prepare realistic pesticide dietary 

exposure assessments as part of its ongoing 

effort to implement the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act (FQPA). PDP provides highquality data on residues in food, particularly 

foods most likely consumed by infants and 

children, including minor crops. Minor crops 

are those grown on 300,000 acres or less in the 

U.S. – for example, many fruit and vegetable 

crops are defined as minor crops. PDP data are 

used in pesticide re-registration activities, in 

accordance with FQPA requirements. 

PDP data are also used by the U.S. Food and 

Drug Administration (FDA), USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS) and Foreign 

Agricultural Service (FAS), participating 

States, academic institutions, chemical manufacturers, environmental interest groups, food 

safety organizations, and groups within the 

private sector representing food producers. PDP 

data are used by the U.S. Government and 

agricultural community to examine pesticide 

residue issues that may affect good agricultural 

practices relating to integrated pest management 

objectives and U.S. trade, particularly in the 

competitive global market. PDP additionally 

provides support for USDA’s participation in the 

Codex Alimentarius Commission. 

Risk Assessment: In estimating the potential 

risks of consumption of pesticide residues from 

food, EPA uses a step-wise tiered approach. As a 

first step, EPA may use a conservative, worstcase scenario and assume that a pesticide is 

applied to the fullest extent permitted by the 

pesticide label; that is, on every acre of each 

approved crop at the maximum rate and 

frequency allowed. EPA may also assume that 

residues on treated crops are present at the 

maximum allowable level. Exposure estimates 

based on such assumptions are likely to 

significantly exceed actual exposure. When an 

initial assessment indicates a potential risk, EPA 

refines its assessment using more realistic 

exposure data. Refinements may include the use 

of additional data such as: (1) the percent of a 

crop treated with a pesticide; (2) studies of the 

effects of washing, cooking, processing, and 

storage; and (3) residue monitoring data. During 

the refinements of this exposure assessment, 

PDP data can be pivotal. PDP sampling 

procedures were designed to capture residues in 

the food supply as close as possible to the time 

of consumption. PDP concentrates its efforts to 

provide realistic pesticide residue data on foods 

that are most often consumed by infants and 

children and incorporates recommendations 

made in 1993 by the National Academy of 

Sciences (NAS) in its report “Pesticides in the 

Diets of Infants and Children.” 

Participants: In 2005, sampling and/or testing 

program operations were carried out with the 

support of 12 States: California, Colorado, 

Florida, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, 

ix 

Executive Summary 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

x 

Montana, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, 

and Wisconsin. Grain sampling was performed 

by USDA’s Federal Grain Inspection Service 

(FGIS) and pork sampling by USDA’s Food 

Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). Two 

Federal laboratories also provided testing 

services: USDA’s AMS National Science 

Laboratory and USDA’s Grain Inspection, 

Packers, and Stockyards Administration 

(GIPSA) Laboratory. Participating water utilities provided drinking water samples which 

were tested by the Colorado, Montana, and New 

York State laboratories. Bottled water samples 

were collected at food distribution centers and 

tested by the Minnesota laboratory. MPO is 

responsible for administering the program, 

coordinating sampling actions, directing technical performance issues and quality assurance 

measures, and managing database activities. 

Sampling: PDP commodity sampling is based 

on a rigorous statistical design which ensures 

that the data are reliable for use in exposure 

assessments and that they can be used to draw 

various conclusions about the Nation’s food 

supply. Pesticides and commodities included 

each year in PDP are selected based on EPA 

data needs and on information about the types 

and amounts of food consumed by infants and 

children. Fruit and vegetable, dairy, and bottled 

water samples collected by each of the 10 

sampling States (California, Colorado, Florida, 

Maryland, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, 

Washington, and Wisconsin) are apportioned 

according to that State’s population. Samples 

are randomly chosen close to the time and point 

of consumption (i.e., distribution centers rather 

than at farmgate) and reflect what is typically 

available to the consumer throughout the year. 

Samples are selected without regard to country 

of origin, variety, or organic labeling. The 

monthly sampling rate is 62 samples per 

commodity, except for highly seasonal commodities. For seasonal commodities, sampling 

rates are adjusted to reflect market availability. 

Sampling rates for grain and meat are based on 

production. 

Results: During 2005, PDP tested fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetables, soybeans, wheat, 

milk, heavy cream, pork, bottled water, and 

drinking water for various insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and growth regulators. Of the 

14,749 total samples collected and analyzed, 

10,154 were fruit and vegetable commodities 

including apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, eggplant, grapes, grapefruit, fresh and frozen green 

beans, lettuce, oranges and orange juice, pears, 

fresh and dried plums (prunes), strawberries, 

watermelon, and winter squash. PDP also tested 

668 soybean (plus 306 for a soybean rust/aphid 

special survey), 674 wheat, 746 milk, 369 heavy 

cream, 704 pork, 378 bottled water, and 750 

drinking water samples. 

Excluding drinking water, approximately 84 

percent of all samples tested were from U.S. 

sources, 14 percent were imports, 1 percent was 

of mixed origin, and approximately 1 percent 

was of unknown origin. Approximately 21 percent of the orange juice samples were of mixed 

national origin. 

Overall, 73 percent of fresh fruit and vegetables 

and 61 percent of processed fruit and vegetables 

showed detectable residues. More residues were 

detected in fresh produce than in processed 

products and grains. Residues detected in dairy 

products and pork samples were primarily low 

level residues of unavoidable environmental 

contaminants, including DDE p,p’ and dieldrin. 

Additionally, low levels of diphenylamine were 

detected in dairy products. 

Excluding drinking water, 34 percent of samples 

tested contained no detectable pesticides [parent 

compound and metabolite(s) combined], 30 

percent contained 1 pesticide, and 36 percent 

contained more than 1 pesticide. Low levels of 

environmental contaminants were detected in 

cantaloupe, cauliflower, green beans, heavy 

cream, lettuce, milk, pork, watermelon, and 

winter squash at concentrations well below 

levels that trigger regulatory actions. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

water. The majority of pesticides, metabolites, 

and isomers included in the PDP testing profiles 

were not detected. None of the detections in the 

finished water samples exceeded established 

EPA Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCL) or 

Health Advisory (HA) levels or established 

Freshwater Aquatic Organism (FAO) criteria. 

Data Availability: PDP continuously strives to 

improve methods for the collection, testing, and 

reporting of data. These data are freely 

available to EPA and other Federal and State 

agencies charged with regulating and setting 

policies on the use of pesticides. They are also 

available to all stakeholders by hard copy, 

Internet, or custom reports generated by MPO. 

Additional copies of the PDP Annual Summary 

may be obtained by calling MPO at (703) 330-

2300 or by mailing the form provided at the end 

of this report. This publication, the PDP 

database file for 2005, and annual summaries 

and database files for previous years are 

available on the PDP Website at http://

www.ams.usda.gov/pdp. 

xi 

Excluding samples for which no tolerances are 

set (bottled water and drinking water), residues 

exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.2 

percent of the 13,621 samples tested in 2005 – 

25 samples with 1 residue each. A tolerance is 

the maximum amount of a pesticide residue 

allowable on a raw agricultural commodity. 

Established tolerances are listed in the Code of 

Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180. 

Residues with no established tolerance were 

found in 4.2 percent of the samples (570 samples 

with 1 residue each, and 2 samples with 2 residues each). In most cases, these residues were 

detected at very low levels and some residues 

may have resulted from spray drift or crop 

rotations. PDP communicates these findings to 

FDA when they are reported by testing 

laboratories. 

In finished drinking water, PDP detected low 

levels (measured in parts per trillion) of some 

pesticides, primarily widely used herbicides. 

Forty-eight different residues were detected in 

the untreated intake water and 43 in the treated 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

xii 

Acronyms and Abbreviations

% C.V. Percent Coefficient of Variation 

AMS Agricultural Marketing Service 

BQL Below Quantifiable Level 

CDFA California Department of Food and Agriculture 

EMRL Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

ERS Economic Research Service 

ESA Ethane Sufonic Acid 

e-SIF Electronic-Sample Information Form 

FAO Freshwater Aquatic Organism 

FAPAS Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme 

FAS Foreign Agricultural Service 

FDA Food and Drug Administration 

FGIS Federal Grain Inspection Service 

FSIS Food Safety and Inspection Service 

FQPA Food Quality Protection Act 

GC Gas Chromatography 

GIPSA Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration 

GLP Good Laboratory Practices 

HA Health Advisory 

HPLC High Performance Liquid Chromatography 

LC Liquid Chromatography 

LIB Laboratory Information Bulletin 

LOD Limit of Detection 

LOQ Limit of Quantitation 

MCL Maximum Contaminant Level 

MPO Monitoring Programs Office 

MRL Maximum Residue Limit 

MRM Multiresidue Methods 

MS Mass Spectrometry 

NAS National Academy of Sciences 

NASS National Agricultural Statistics Service 

NSL National Science Laboratory 

OA Oxanilic Acid 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

xiii 

PAM Pesticide Analytical Manual 

PDP Pesticide Data Program 

ppb parts per billion 

ppm parts per million 

ppt parts per trillion 

PT Proficiency Testing 

QA Quality Assurance 

QAO Quality Assurance Officer 

QAU Quality Assurance Unit 

QC Quality Control 

RDE Remote Data Entry 

SIF Sample Information Form 

SOP Standard Operating Procedure 

SPE Solid Phase Extraction 

SSL Secure Sockets Layer 

TPM Technical Program Manager 

USDA United States Department of Agriculture 

USGS United States Geological Survey 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

1 

I. Introduction 

The Pesticide Data Program (PDP), which was 

initiated in 1991 to collect data on pesticide 

residues in food, now has an important role in 

the implementation of the 1996 Food Quality 

Protection Act (FQPA). This law directs the 

Secretary of Agriculture to collect pesticide 

residue data on commodities most frequently 

consumed by infants and children. PDP data 

are used primarily by the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) to assess dietary 

exposure during the review of the safety of 

existing pesticide tolerances (Maximum 

Residue Limits). 

Because PDP collects data on food commodities primarily for exposure assessment, program operations differ markedly from those 

followed by regulatory monitoring programs 

for tolerance enforcement. PDP samples are 

collected closer to the point of consumption 

and are prepared emulating consumer practices. 

Sampling is based on EPA data needs and does 

not impede commodity distribution. Laboratory 

operations are designed to achieve the lowest 

detectable levels rather than quick sample 

turnaround. As a dietary risk assessment 

support program, PDP focuses its pesticide 

testing on registered uses for the commodities 

in the program rather than screening for all 

potential illegal uses. 

Figure 1(a) illustrates PDP program policy 

development and planning operations. Primary 

contributors to these activities include the 

participating States, EPA, USDA’s National 

Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), and 

additional stakeholders including industry and 

grower groups. Figure 1(b) depicts PDP primary data users including EPA, the U.S. Food 

and Drug Administration (FDA), USDA’s 

Economic Research Service (ERS) and Foreign 

Agricultural Service (FAS), participating States, 

academic institutions, chemical manufacturers, 

environmental interest groups, food safety 

organizations, and groups within the private 

sector representing food producers. Additionally, other Federal, State and foreign government agencies and industry have used PDP data 

to promote the export of U.S. commodities to 

international markets, and the Codex Alimentarius Committee on Pesticides Residues has 

requested information on PDP methodology for 

detecting residues as well as data profiles. 

In 2005, sampling services were provided by 10 

States (California, Colorado, Florida, Maryland, 

Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin); the USDA Federal Grain 

Inspection Service (FGIS); and the USDA Food 

Safety Inspection Service (FSIS). Additional 

sampling services were provided by participating drinking water facility personnel in nine 

States (California, Florida, Louisiana, Michigan, 

North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Washington). Laboratory services 

were provided by the States of California, 

Colorado, Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Ohio, Texas, and Washington; 

the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) 

National Science Laboratory (NSL); and the 

Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards 

Administration (GIPSA) Laboratory. The AMS 

Monitoring Programs Office (MPO) is responsible for overall management of PDP. 

Figure 2 shows the States that participate in 

program sampling and/or testing as well as the 

States in their direct distribution network. 

Together, these States represent about 50 

percent of the Nation's population and all 4 

census regions of the U.S. These States also 

represent major producers of fruit and 

vegetables in the U.S. 

Pesticide Data Program (PDP) 

Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005

This summary consists of the following sections: (I.) Introduction, (II.) Sampling Operations, 

(III.) Laboratory Operations, (IV.) Database Management, and (V.) Sample Results and Discussion 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

2 

Figure 1. PDP Program Operations Support and Data Users. This figure illustrates (a) agencies/

groups that support PDP program policy and planning activities, and (b) agencies/groups that use 

PDP data. 

Industry and 

Grower Groups 

Academic 

Institutions 

Other 

Government 

Agencies 

Agricultural 

Industry 

CODEX 

Chemical Manufacturers, 

Environmental Interest 

Groups, Food Safety 

Organizations 

(a) PDP Policy and Planning Contributions 

(b) PDP Data Users 

Participating 

States 

National 

Agricultural 

Statistics Service 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

Food and Drug 

Administration 

Participating States 

Environmental 

Protection 

Agency 

Foreign 

Agricultural 

Service 

Economic 

Research 

 Service 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

3 

AMS works closely with EPA to select 

commodities and pesticides for testing and in the 

selection of drinking water sites. Commodities 

selected are those representing the highest U.S. 

consumption, with an emphasis on foods consumed by infants and children. Appendix A 

provides a list of commodities tested by PDP 

from the beginning of the program in 1991 

through 2006. 

Fruit and vegetable samples are collected at 

terminal markets and large chain store distribution centers from which food commodities are 

supplied to supermarkets and grocery stores. 

Sampling at these locations allows for residue 

measurements that include pesticides applied 

during crop production and those applied after 

harvest (such as fungicides and growth 

regulators) and takes into account residue 

degradation while food commodities are in 

storage. Participation as a PDP sampling site is 

voluntary, which sets it apart from State and 

Federal enforcement programs. In 2005, more 

than 700 sites granted access and provided 

information, including site volume data, to 

sample collectors. This voluntary cooperation is 

important to PDP and makes it possible to 

adjust sampling protocols in response to 

fluctuations in food distribution and production. 

Pesticides screened by PDP include those with 

current registered uses and compounds for 

which toxicity data and preliminary estimates of 

dietary exposure indicate the need for more 

extensive residue data. PDP also monitors 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Wyoming 

New 

Mexico 

Hawaii 

Alaska 

Virginia

Delaware 

Connecticut 

Massachusetts 

Michigan 

Vermont 

New Jersey 

Figure 2. Program Participants. During 2005, AMS established cooperative agreements with 12 States to 

sample and/or test PDP commodities. State laboratories are responsible for analyzing fresh and processed fruit 

and vegetable samples and drinking water samples. The Federal laboratory in Gastonia, North Carolina, 

analyzes meat, poultry, and dairy products, and the Federal laboratory in Kansas City, Missouri, analyzes 

whole and processed grain products. States that do not participate in PDP’s sampling program but are in the 

direct distribution networks of the participating States are also shown. 

New 

York 

Texas 

California 

Oklahoma 

Washington 

Wisconsin 

Florida 

Participating State 

Minnesota 

States where produce is directly marketed from 

Participating States 

Location of Participating State (white stars)/Federal 

(black stars) Laboratories 

Maryland 

Colorado 

Ohio 

Montana 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

4 

pesticides for which EPA has instituted modified 

use directions (i.e., reduced application rates or 

frequency) as part of risk management activities. 

The following appendices list the specific pesticides tested in the program: fruit and vegetables 

(Appendix B), soybeans (Appendix C), soybean 

rust/aphid special survey (Appendix D), wheat 

(Appendix E), milk (Appendix F), heavy cream 

(Appendix G), pork (Appendix H), bottled water 

(Appendix I), and drinking water (Appendix J). 

II. Sampling Operations 

♦ Background

The goal of the PDP sampling program is to 

obtain a statistically defensible representation of 

the U.S. food supply. PDP data reflect actual 

pesticide residue exposure from food. Using a 

rigorous statistical design, PDP has developed 

extensive procedures to ensure that samples are 

randomly selected from the national food 

distribution system and reflect what is typically 

available to the consumer. 

Fruit, vegetables, dairy products, and bottled 

water are randomly collected by trained State 

inspectors at terminal markets and large chain 

store distribution centers throughout the country. 

Surrogate or “proxy” sites (retail markets) are 

occasionally used to collect these samples when 

the commodity of interest is unavailable at a 

terminal market or distribution center. In these 

instances, the commodity is selected in the rear 

storage area of the retail facility so that possible 

contamination by the consumer is eliminated and 

to allow capture of sample information from the 

product boxes. In 2005, approximately 7 percent 

of fruit, vegetable, and dairy products were 

collected at proxy sites. The commodities most 

often collected at proxy sites included milk, 

orange juice, heavy cream, and frozen green 

beans. Most of the bottled water samples were 

collected at proxy sites (refer to “Bottled Water 

and Drinking Water” section for details on this 

special collection criteria). 

Whole grain samples are collected from trains, 

trucks, and barges by trained USDA FGIS 

inspectors. Drinking water samples are collected 

by trained personnel at individual water 

treatment facilities at selected sites across the 

country. At these locations, information is 

usually available about the identity and origin of 

the sample. Sample information is captured at 

the time of sample collection for inclusion in 

PDP files. 

PDP sample origin data identify the State or 

country where the commodity was produced. A 

comparison of PDP sample origin data to State 

production and import data by USDA’s NASS 

shows that PDP sampling is representative of the 

U.S. food supply. PDP sampling operations are 

adjusted according to product availability. The 

number of fruit, vegetable, dairy, and bottled 

water samples collected in each participating 

State is determined by State population. The 

number and location of collected grain and pork 

samples are determined by annual domestic 

production figures. For drinking water, each 

local watershed has its own unique characteristics; therefore, sample collection for this 

commodity is not intended to reflect national 

trends. In this case, PDP collects samples in 

areas where it is known that targeted pesticides 

are heavily used. The quarterly collection 

schedule for all 2005 commodities is shown in 

Table 1. 

PDP State sample collectors are trained to 

adhere to detailed program Standard Operating 

Procedures (SOPs) that provide criteria for site 

selection and specific instructions for sample 

selection, shipping and handling, and chain-ofcustody. SOPs are updated as needed and serve 

as a technical reference in conducting program 

sampling reviews to ensure that program goals 

and objectives are met. SOPs for PDP sampling 

are available on the Internet at www.ams.usda. 

gov/pdp. 

Fruit, vegetable, dairy, and bottled water 

samples are packed in heavy-duty, temperaturecontrolled containers. Samples are shipped the 

same day as collection by overnight delivery to 

ensure that the selected commodities maintain 

their original integrity until they are received at 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

5 

Table 1. PDP Commodity Collection Schedule for 2005. Samples are most often collected for 

a 2-year time period. Commodities are initiated or terminated in different quarters of the year, 

so that new commodities are not brought into the program all at the same time. This table 

illustrates time ranges for the listed commodities. See Appendix A for the complete PDP 

commodity history from May 1991 through December 2006. 

** Soybeans were collected in the 2004 Crop Year, Oct 2004-Aug 2005. Soybeans were also collected for the 

soybean rust/aphid special survey Oct-Dec 2005. 

Commodity Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec End Date 

Apples Dec-05 

Cantaloupe Sep-05 

Cauliflower Sep-06 

Cream, heavy Dec-05 

Eggplant Dec-06 

Grapefruit Dec-06 

Grapes Dec-05 

Green Beans, Fresh Mar-05 

Green Beans, Frozen Dec-05 

Lettuce Dec-05 

Milk Dec-05 

Orange Juice Sep-06 

Oranges Dec-05 

Pears Sep-05 

Plums, Fresh* Dec-06 

Plums, Dried (prunes)* Dec-06 

Pork, Adipose/Muscle Jun-05 

Soybean Grain** Dec-05 

Strawberries Dec-05 

Water, Bottled Dec-06 

Water, Finished Ongoing 

Water, Untreated Ongoing 

Watermelon Sep-06 

Wheat Grain*** Apr-06 

Winter Squash Jun-06 

*** Wheat was collected in the 2004 Crop Year, Oct 2004-Apr 2005 and continued for the remainder of the year 

for the 2005 Crop Year. 

* Dried plums (prunes) were collected if fresh plums were unavailable. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

6 

their respective laboratory for analysis. Frozen 

cold packs are included in shipping containers, 

when necessary, so that holding temperatures are 

preserved throughout transit time. Grain samples 

are collected in pesticide-free polyethylene bags 

and are shipped in canvas pouches or boxes to 

the laboratory where the samples are refrigerated 

pending analysis. Pork samples are collected in 

pesticide-free polyethylene bags, frozen overnight, and shipped by next-day delivery to the 

laboratory for analysis. Drinking water samples 

are collected in specially prepared bottles 

containing dechlorinating agents to halt any 

potential compound degradation, packed with 

proper cushioning and cold packs, and shipped 

the same day as collection to their respective 

laboratory by overnight delivery. 

PDP Sample Information Forms (SIFs) are used 

for chain-of-custody and to capture information 

needed to characterize the sample. Sample collectors use the forms to record information such 

as: (1) State of sample collection, (2) collection 

date, (3) sampling site code, (4) commodity 

code, and (5) testing laboratory code. Information from these five data elements is combined 

to form a unique PDP sample identification 

number for each sample. Other available information about each sample is recorded also, such 

as collector name, the State or country of origin, 

product variety, production claims such as 

organic, and any postharvest chemical applications. An electronic SIF (e-SIF) capturing 

system was implemented in 2003 and continues 

to be used to record relevant sample information. Refer to Section IV on Database Management for more information on the e-SIF system. 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and 

 Vegetables 

Of all samples collected and analyzed in 2005, 

69 percent (10,154 of 14,749) were fruit and 

vegetables, including fresh and processed products. The fresh commodities collected for PDP 

were apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, eggplant, 

grapes, grapefruit, green beans, lettuce, oranges, 

pears, plums, strawberries, watermelon, and 

winter squash. The processed commodities 

included frozen green beans, ready-to-serve and 

frozen orange juice, and dried plums (prunes). 

All fresh fruit and vegetable samples weighed 

either 3 or 5 pounds (3 pounds were collected 

for small-sized commodities such as grapes and 

strawberries, and 5 pounds were collected for 

larger commodities such as eggplant and grapefruit). For large-sized commodities, such as 

cauliflower and cantaloupe, a minimum of two 

units were collected to maintain sample representativeness. An exception for these largesized commodities was watermelon; only one 

unit was collected per sample because of its 

unusually heavy shipping weight. 

Participating State agencies compile and maintain lists of sampling sites. The States provide 

AMS and NASS with annual volume information for commodities distributed at each site. 

This information is used to weight the site to 

determine the probability for sample selection. 

For example, a weight of 10 may be given to a 

site that distributes 100,000 pounds of produce 

annually and a weight of 1 is given to a site that 

distributes 10,000 pounds. The probabilityproportionate-to-size method of site selection 

then results in the larger site being 10 times 

more likely to be selected for sampling than the 

smaller site. 

Participating States work with NASS to develop 

statistical procedures for site weighting and 

selection. States are also given the option of 

having NASS perform their quarterly site 

selection. The number of sampling sites and the 

volume of produce distributed by the sites vary 

greatly between States. Sampling plans that 

include sampling dates, sites (primary and alternate), targeted commodities, and testing laboratories are prepared by each State on a 

quarterly basis. Collection of commodities is 

randomly assigned to weeks of the month, prior 

to selection of specific sampling dates within a 

week. Because sampling sites are selected for 

an entire quarter, States may assign the sites to 

particular months based on geographic location. 

State population figures are used to assign the 

number of fruit and vegetable samples 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

7 

scheduled for collection each month. These 

population- and distribution-network-based 

numbers result in the following monthly 

collection assignments for each State: California, 14; Colorado, 2; Florida, 7; Maryland, 4; 

Michigan, 6; New York, 9; Ohio, 6; Texas, 8; 

Washington, 4; and Wisconsin, 2. This 

schedule results in a monthly target of 62 

samples per commodity, or 744 samples per 

commodity per year. 

The number of samples collected in each State 

is listed in Table 2. Figure 2 illustrates the 

participating States and the laboratories to 

Table 2. Distribution of Samples Collected and Analyzed by Each Participating State. This table 

includes those commodities collected at terminal markets and distribution centers. The distribution of 

soybean, wheat, pork, and drinking water samples may be found in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8, respectively. 

AP = Apples GR = Grapes PE = Pears 

CF = Cauliflower GZ = Green Beans (Frozen) PU = Plums 

CM = Heavy Cream LT = Lettuce ST = Strawberries 

CN = Cantaloupe MK = Milk WB = Bottled Water 

EP = Eggplant OG = Oranges WM = Watermelon 

GB = Green Beans OJ = Orange Juice WS = Winter Squash 

GF = Grapefruit PD = Plums, Dried (Prunes) 

Commodity Legend 

State AP CF CN EP GB GF GR LT OG PE PU ST WM WS 

Total 

Fresh 

California 168 168 126 168 42 167 168 168 168 126 130 168 41 167 1,975 

Colorado 24 24 18 24 6 24 24 24 24 18 19 24 - 24 277 

Florida 84 84 63 83 21 84 84 84 84 63 64 84 64 84 1,030 

Maryland 47 47 36 47 12 47 48 48 48 35 32 48 8 46 549 

Michigan 72 72 54 72 18 72 72 72 72 54 53 72 - 72 827 

New York 108 108 81 108 27 108 108 108 108 81 96 108 10 108 1,267 

Ohio 72 72 54 68 17 72 71 72 71 52 47 70 - 65 803 

Texas 96 95 72 96 24 96 93 96 94 72 84 94 59 96 1,167 

Washington 48 48 36 48 11 48 48 48 48 36 32 46 - 47 544 

Wisconsin 24 23 18 22 3 24 23 23 24 18 16 23 - 22 263 

 743 741 558 736 181 742 739 743 741 555 573 737 182 731 8,702 

State GZ OJ PD 

Total 

Processed 

Total Fresh & 

Processed 

F&V 

California 125 168 36 329 2,304 

Colorado 18 24 4 46 323 

Florida 63 84 20 167 1,197 

Maryland 35 48 13 96 645 

Michigan 54 72 10 136 963 

New York 81 108 12 201 1,468 

Ohio 54 72 25 151 954 

Texas 72 96 11 179 1,346 

Washington 36 48 16 100 644 

Wisconsin 17 24 6 47 310 

 555 744 153 1,452 10,154 

MK 

168 

24 

84 

48 

72 

111 

72 

96 

48 

23 

746 

WB 

93 

12 

36 

26 

36 

48 

39 

52 

24 

12 

378 

CM 

84 

12 

40 

24 

36 

54 

35 

48 

24 

12 

369 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables 

Processed Fruit and Vegetables Dairy 

 Product 

Water 

Product 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

8 

which samples were shipped. The total number 

of samples per commodity and the percentage of 

each that were either domestic, imported, or of 

unknown origin are shown in Figure 3. The 

origin of some fresh commodities can vary 

greatly throughout the year. Graphic examples of 

this variation may be found in Figure 4 where 

differences in origin (domestic vs. import) are 

depicted for fresh eggplant, grapes, and winter 

squash by month. Fruit and vegetable samples 

originated from 39 States and 27 foreign 

countries. 

--Continued 

Pears (555 Samples)

A. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Commodities 

Apples (743 Samples) Cantaloupe (558 Samples) Cauliflower (741 Samples)

Domestic 48.2% Domestic 97.9% Domestic 97.4% 

Import 51.4% 

Import 2.6% 

Unknown 0.4% 

Eggplant (736 Samples) Grapefruit (742 Samples) Grapes (739 Samples)

Unknown 0.3% 

Domestic 99.0% 

Import 0.7% 

Domestic 57.6% Domestic 50.2% 

Import 39.3% 

Unknown 3.1% 

Lettuce (743 Samples) Lettuce (743 Samples) Oranges (741 Samples)

Unknown 0.5% 

Domestic 98.7% 

Import 0.8% 

Domestic 58.6% Domestic 95.1% 

Import 4.5% 

Unknown 0.4% 

Plums (573 Samples) Strawberries (737 Samples)

Import 6.0% 

Domestic 94.0% 

Domestic 79.8% 

Import 19.8% 

Import 32.6% 

Import 49.7% 

Unknown 0.1% 

Import 2.0% 

Unknown 0.5% 

Import 40.2% 

Domestic 59.3% 

Green Beans (181 Samples) 

Unknown 0.1% 

Unknown 8.8% 

Unknown 0.4% 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

9 

♦ Grains: Soybeans and Wheat Grain 

Trained USDA FGIS inspectors collected 668 

soybean samples for PDP for the 2004 crop year 

(September 2004 through August 2005). The 

actual sample collection period was divided into 

two collection phases: October 2004 through 

February 2005 (493 samples) and April 2005 

through August 2005 (175 samples). Sample 

collection rates, on a statewide basis, were calculated on the basis of crop production totals 

averaged over a 3-year period. Samples were 

drawn from trucks (26% of samples), hopper 

cars (58% of samples), and barges/ships (16% 

of samples). Soybeans slated for export were 

excluded from the sampling scheme. PDP 

chain-of-custody procedures are similar to those 

used for fruit and vegetable samples. Sample 

information for soybeans included: inspection 

location, inspection point code, field office 

location, official agency collecting the sample, 

carrier identification (truck, barge, or railcar), 

State of origin, collection date, quantity of lot 

sampled, and inspector’s name. Pesticide 

B. Processed Fruit and Vegetable Commodities 

Green Beans Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 74.5% 

Domestic 85.4% 

Import 14.4% Mixed National 20.8% 

Import 4.3% 

Unknown 0.2% 

Green Beans, Frozen (555 Samples) Orange Juice (744 Samples) 

Figure 3. Commodity Origin. This figure depicts the proportion of commodity origin 

(domestic vs. import vs. unknown origin) for each fresh and processed fruit and vegetable 

product tested in 2005. 

Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 95.4% 

Import 3.2% Mixed National 0.7% 

Plums, Dried (Prunes) (153 Samples) 

Unknown 0.4% 

Unknown 0.7% 

Watermelon (182 Samples) Peaches (751 Samples)

Domestic 62.6% Domestic 55.8% 

Import 29.1% 

Unknown 8.3% Unknown 1.8% 

Import 42.4% 

Winter Squash (731 Samples) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

10 

Domestic 

Imported 

Figure 4. Origin of Selected Fresh Commodities: Eggplant, Grapes, and Winter Squash. 

Differences in origin (domestic vs. import) are illustrated by month. The targeted number of 

samples is 62 per month for each commodity. 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

Unknown 

Origin of Eggplant Samples 

Origin of Grape Samples 

Origin of Winter Squash Samples 

Number of Samples Collected Number of Samples Collected Number of Samples Collected 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

11 

residue analysis was performed by the GIPSA 

Technical Services Division Laboratory located 

in Kansas City, Missouri. Soybean samples 

originated from 20 States and were collected 

through 8 regional FGIS offices. There were no 

imported soybean samples; all were of domestic 

origin. The origin and number of samples collected from each State is displayed in Figure 5. 

In addition to routine soybean sampling for 

multiresidue analyses, PDP conducted a special 

sampling project for compounds used to combat 

soybean rust from October 2005 through 

December 2005. In response to an EPA data 

request, PDP coordinated with industry to 

collect soybean samples that were slated only 

for export. A total of 306 samples were 

collected primarily from barges (98%-barges 

and 2%-trucks) that were scheduled for export 

from New Orleans, Louisiana (291 samples), 

Brunswick, Georgia (10 samples), and Chesapeake, Virginia (5 samples). Western and northern U.S. ports were excluded from this 

sampling survey because the soybean rust 

fungus had not spread beyond the lower 

Southeastern U.S. where most of the soybean 

rust compounds had been applied. Sampling 

and chain-of-custody procedures were the same 

as those described above for routine soybean 

collection. Rust compound analysis was 

performed by the GIPSA Technical Services 

Division Laboratory in Kansas City, Missouri. 

Michigan 

Figure 5. Number of Samples Collected and Grower States for 

Soybeans -- Crop Year 2004. A total of 668 soybean samples were 

collected between September 2004 and August 2005. The samples 

originated from 20 States and were collected in proportion to their 

production volumes. Residue testing for all samples was performed by 

GIPSA, located in Kansas City, Missouri. 

South Dakota 

Iowa 

Minnesota 

Arkansas 

North Dakota 

Alabama

5 

5 

12 

7 

2 

5 

4 

16 

16 

15 

22 

22 

116 62 

44 115 

43 

44 

80 

33 

Ohio 

Louisiana

States where more than 30 samples originated 

States where less than 30 samples originated 

GIPSA laboratory—Kansas City, Missouri 

Mississippi

Kansas 

Missouri

Wisconsin 

Nebraska 

Illinois 

India

na

N. Carolina

Tennessee

Kentucky Virginia
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

12 

FGIS inspectors collected 674 samples of wheat 

grain for PDP for the 2004 crop year (October 

2004 through April 2005). Wheat grain samples 

originated from 27 States. The origin and 

number of samples collected from each State is 

displayed in Figure 6. Sample collection and 

chain-of-custody procedures were the same as 

those described above for routine soybean 

collection. Wheat grain analysis was performed 

by the GIPSA Technical Services Division 

Laboratory in Kansas City, Missouri. 

♦ Dairy: Milk and Heavy Cream

PDP State sample collectors obtained 746 whole 

milk samples from distribution centers or proxy 

sites in the 10 participating States that received 

milk from 26 different States. Sixty-five percent 

of milk samples were collected at retail distribution centers and 35 percent of the samples were 

collected at proxy sites (supermarkets or retail 

stores that receive product directly from their 

distribution centers). Selection of proxy sites for 

Michigan 

Figure 6. Number of Samples Collected and Grower States for 

Wheat -- Crop Year 2004. A total of 674 wheat samples were 

collected. The samples originated from 27 States and were collected 

in proportion to their production volumes. Residue testing for all 

samples was performed by GIPSA, located in Kansas City, 

Missouri. 

South Dakota 

Minnesota 

Arkansas 

North Dakota 

Alabama

7 

3 

1 

6 

1 

2 

4 

16 

123 

4 

127 

13 

15 8 

23 

20 

17 

33 

26 

Ohio 

Louisiana

States where more than 30 samples originated 

States where less than 30 samples originated 

GIPSA laboratory—Kansas City, Missouri 

Mississippi

Kansas 

Missouri

Wisconsin 

Nebraska 

Illinois 

India

na

N. Carolina

Tennessee

Kentucky Virginia

California 

3 

20 

Colorado 

Georgia 

3 

Idaho 

30 

Montana 

52 

Oklahoma 

44 

Texas 

31 

Washington 

45 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

13 

milk sample collection is based on a store’s close 

geographic proximity to its milk distribution 

center. All whole milk samples were of domestic 

origin. Sample collection States are found in 

Table 2. Shipment and chain-of-custody procedures were the same as for fruit and vegetable 

samples. Pesticide residue analysis for all 

samples was performed by the AMS NSL in 

Gastonia, North Carolina. 

Between July and December, 369 heavy cream 

samples were collected by PDP State sample 

collectors. The heavy cream samples were 

collected from distribution centers or proxy sites 

that received the cream from 22 different States. 

Sixty-six percent of the heavy cream samples 

were collected at retail distribution centers and 

34 percent of the samples were collected at 

proxy sites. Selection of proxy sites for heavy 

cream sample collection was the same as 

described above for milk. All heavy cream 

samples were of domestic origin. Sample collection States are found in Table 2. Shipment and 

chain-of-custody procedures were the same as 

for fruit and vegetable samples. Pesticide residue 

analysis for all samples was performed by the 

AMS NSL in Gastonia, North Carolina. 

♦ Pork 

Between January and June, 704 pork samples 

were collected for PDP by trained FSIS 

inspectors. The inspectors collected samples at 

designated slaughter facilities, separately bagged 

each tissue in pesticide-free polyethylene bags, 

labeled the samples, and froze the samples 

overnight. Once frozen, the samples were packed 

with frozen cold packs, the boxes tamperproofed, and shipped by overnight delivery to 

the NSL laboratory in Gastonia, North Carolina, 

for analysis. FSIS used specially designed 

Unified Sampling Forms that contain all required 

PDP sample information. The forms were 

completed on site and accompanied each sample 

during shipment. Gilts (young female sows) and 

barrows (young castrated males) were sampled 

at the ratio of 51 percent and 47 percent, 

respectively. Two percent of the samples were of 

an unknown type. Site samples consisted of 

approximately 1 pound of adipose tissue (352 

samples) and 1 pound of muscle tissue (352 

samples). Each set of tissues was sampled from 

the same hog. For the adipose tissue, back fat 

(51 percent of samples) and belly fat (49 percent 

of samples) were collected. Samples were taken 

from 40 slaughter facilities at rates according to 

throughput volume in 18 States (refer to Figure 

7 for distribution of samples in each State). 

Ninety-six percent of all samples were obtained 

from hogs that were of domestic origin; four 

percent were of Canadian origin. All pork 

samples were analyzed by NSL, Gastonia, North 

Carolina. 

♦ Bottled Water and Municipal Drinking 

 Water 

PDP State sample collectors collected 378 

bottled water samples at a half sampling rate 

from the 10 participating States (California-7, 

Colorado-1, Florida-3, Maryland-2, Michigan-3, 

New York-4, Ohio-3, Texas-4, Washington-2, 

and Wisconsin-1). Eighty-five percent of the 

samples were of domestic origin, 14 percent 

were imported, and 1 percent was of unknown 

origin. A minimum of 2 liters per sample was 

collected from retail facilities in each participating State. Bottled water types excluded from the 

sampling scheme were: sparkling bottled water 

and mineral water. Artificially carbonated water, 

seltzer water, and flavored water, which are not 

regulated by FDA as bottled water, also were 

not included in the sampling scheme. Most 

bottled water sample collection was performed 

at proxy sites (retail stores) because local, as 

well as national brands, were included in the 

survey. Sample information and packing procedures were the same as those for fruit and 

vegetables; however, the inclusion of cold packs 

for shipping was unnecessary. Sample information on bottled water also included (1) bottle 

type and (2) brand name. Sample collection 

States are found in Table 2. Sample analysis was 

performed by the State laboratory in Minnesota. 

In the municipal water sampling project, 750 

drinking water samples were collected from 

community water systems in California, Florida, 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

14 

Louisiana, Michigan, North Carolina, North 

Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Washington. 

Samples were collected bimonthly by trained 

water treatment facility personnel and sent to 

State laboratories in Colorado, Montana, and 

New York for analysis. Samples included water 

collected from both the raw water intake and the 

finished drinking water after treatment. The untreated intake water and treated water were 

collected as paired samples, taking into account 

each individual plant’s processing time. Dechlorination and preservative chemicals were added 

to the samples at the time of collection. Samples 

were packed with frozen cold packs and shipped 

overnight to the testing laboratories. 

Two years of water sample collection in 

Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, and Washington were completed in 2005. Five sites in 

Oregon (3), Pennsylvania (1), and Washington 

(1) were replaced in 2005 with only 1 year of 

sampling after evaluation of the data. The new 

sites in Louisiana, Pennsylvania, California, 

and North Dakota were sampled bimonthly as 

before; however, they were sampled weekly 

during the months of April, May, and June, 

when pesticides were more likely to have been 

heavily applied in those regions. Site selection 

was made in collaboration with EPA’s Office 

of Pesticide Programs. All selected sites met 

Figure 7. Location of Pork Sample Collection Sites. A total of 704 pork 

samples were collected, including 352 adipose tissue samples and 352 

muscle tissue samples from the same hog. All samples were approximately 

1 pound. FSIS inspectors collected samples at designated slaughter 

facilities. The samples originated from 25 States (12 samples were of 

unknown origin and 14 samples were from Canada). Residue testing for 

all samples was performed by the National Science Laboratory in 

Gastonia, North Carolina. 

Michigan 

N. Carolina

4 

38 

106 

10 Ohio 

Iowa 

12 

212 

Montana 

Kansas 

New York

California 

Pennsylvania 

Maryland 

2 

2 

82 

Arkansas 

Georgia 

28 34 

2 

Illinois Indiana

4 

Minnesota 

Missouri 

12 

2 

Oklahoma 

Nebraska 

38 

2 

48 

South 

Dakota 

Oregon 

2 

South 

Carolina 

2 

4 

Texas 

8 

8 

Utah 

Virginia

10 

Wisconsin 

6 

States where more than 30 samples were collected. 

States where less than 30 samples were collected. 

USDA, National Science Laboratory, Gastonia, North Carolina 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

15 

the following criteria: (1) service to populations 

under 50,000; (2) use of surface water as the 

primary source of water; and (3) location in 

regions of heavy agriculture where known 

amounts of pesticides were applied. Water 

treatment method was not part of the selection 

criteria. General locations of water collection 

sites and testing laboratories are illustrated in 

Figure 8. 

III. Laboratory Operations

♦ Overview 

Twelve laboratories (10 State and 2 Federal) 

performed analyses for PDP. These laboratories 

are equipped with instrumentation capable of 

detecting residues at very low levels. Laboratory 

staff members receive intensive training and 

must demonstrate analytical proficiency on a 

periodic basis. Program scientists continuously 

test new technologies and develop new techniques to improve the levels of detection. Major 

changes in methodology are evaluated and their 

soundness demonstrated and documented in 

accordance with PDP SOPs. 

♦ Fresh and Processed Fruit and 

 Vegetables 

PDP participating laboratories analyzing fruit 

and vegetables monitored 251 parent pesticides, 

metabolites, degradates, and isomers using 

Multiresidue Methods (MRMs). Upon arrival at 

the testing facility, samples are visually 

examined for acceptability and discarded if 

Figure 8. Location of Drinking Water Collection Sites at Community Water 

Systems, 2005. A total of 16 water treatment facilities in the U.S. were sampled in 

paired units (coordinated treated and untreated samples). Sites represent areas of 

varied geographical settings but are located in watersheds where pesticides were 

known to have been heavily applied. 

Michigan 

N. Carolina

1 

4 

3 

1 Ohio 

Washington 

1 

2 

Montana 

Colorado 

Sampled States (# of Sites) 

Location of State laboratories that perform sample 

analysis 

New York

California 

Pennsylvania 

1 Florida 

Louisiana 

1 

1 North 

Dakota 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

16 

determined to be inedible (decayed, extensively 

bruised, or spoiled). Accepted samples are prepared emulating the practices of the average 

consumer to more closely represent actual exposure to residues. Fresh samples are prepared as 

follows: (1) apples and pears are washed with 

stems and cores removed; (2) cantaloupes are 

cut in half and seeds and rinds are removed; (3) 

cauliflower is washed and the wrapper leaves 

are removed; (4) eggplant and winter squash are 

washed and end pieces are removed; (5) grapes 

and green beans are washed and stems and 

extraneous materials are removed; (6) grapefruit 

and oranges are peeled and excess white membrane is removed; (7) lettuce is washed, wrapper 

leaves are removed (head lettuce only), and 

damaged portions are removed; (8) plums are 

washed, the stems and leaves removed, and 

pitted; (9) strawberries are rinsed and stems and 

leaves are removed; and (10) watermelon is 

quartered and the rind removed; for large 

watermelon, alternate quarters of each fruit are 

homogenized (rind removed). 

Processed samples are prepared as follows: (1) 

frozen green beans are homogenized with their 

entire contents, including any liquid present; (2) 

fresh and reconstituted orange juice samples are 

mixed until homogeneous; and (3) dried plums 

are mixed to ensure homogeneity. 

Laboratories are permitted to refrigerate incoming fresh fruit and vegetable samples of the 

same commodity for up to 72 hours to allow for 

different sample arrival times from collection 

sites. Frozen and canned commodities may be 

held in storage (freezer or shelf) until the entire 

sample set is ready for analysis. Samples are 

homogenized using choppers and/or blenders 

and are separated into analytical portions 

(aliquots) for analysis. If testing cannot be 

performed immediately, the entire analytical set 

is frozen at -40°C or lower, according to PDP’s 

Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) 

require-ments. Surplus aliquots not used for the 

initial testing are retained frozen in the event 

that replication of analysis or verification testing 

is required. 

For analysis of fruit and vegetables, residues 

are extracted using organic solvents followed 

by various cleanup procedures such as Solid 

Phase Extraction (SPE). The California, Florida 

(Winter Haven), and Washington laboratories 

used modifications of the MRM developed by 

the California Department of Food and 

Agriculture (CDFA). The New York laboratory 

used a method based on the Agriculture and 

Agri-Food Canada SPE method with some 

modifications based on the Luke procedure. 

The Florida (Tallahassee) and Michigan 

laboratories used a modified version of the 

QuEChERS method, developed and published 

in July 2003 by USDA’s Agricultural Research 

Service. The Ohio laboratory used variations 

and combinations of the FDA Luke I [Section 

302 of Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM) I] 

and Luke II [FDA Laboratory Information 

Bulletin (LIB) 3896] extraction procedures. The 

Texas laboratory used its adaptation of the Luke 

procedures for cantaloupe and winter squash 

and the CDFA method for watermelon. The 

Texas laboratory plans a full switch to the 

CDFA method as new commodities come into 

the program. All MRMs are determined, prior 

to use and through appropriate method 

validation procedures, to produce equivalent 

data for PDP analytical purposes. 

 

Gas Chromatography (GC) and Liquid Chromatography (LC), coupled with selective detectors 

and Mass Spectrometry (MS) systems, are used 

for the initial identification and quantitation of 

pesticides. Laboratories are increasing their use 

of GC- and LC-MS systems and are specifically 

focusing on LC/MS-MS techniques to broaden 

the scope of testing and to keep pace with 

emerging analyte chemistries. All residues 

initially identified must be verified. Confirmation is accomplished by MS, alternate 

detection systems, or alternate chromatographic 

behavior. Verification is considered crucial due 

to the complexity of commodity matrices and 

the low concentrations of detected residues. The 

verification process provides an extra measure 

of confidence in the identification of the analyte 

and its concentration. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

17 

Triazoles – Strawberries: The Michigan laboratory analyzed strawberries for three common 

metabolites of the triazole fungicides: 1,2,4-

triazole, triazole acetic acid, and triazole alanine. 

The analyses were performed using LC coupled 

with tandem MS in order to achieve the low 

parts per billion (ppb) detection limits required 

for dietary risk assessment. Testing for the three 

common metabolites required development of 

special analytical techniques in addition to the 

more conventional PDP multiresidue methods. 

♦ Soybeans and Wheat 

The USDA GIPSA laboratory in Kansas City, 

Missouri, analyzed soybean samples for 83 

parent pesticides, metabolites, and isomers and 

wheat samples for 71 parent pesticides, metabolites, and isomers. On arrival at the testing 

facility, samples were visually examined for 

acceptability and discarded if moldy or infested. 

Samples were ground before being analyzed and 

surplus sample aliquots, not used for the initial 

testing, were retained in the event that replication of analysis or verification testing was 

required. Extraction of soybean and wheat 

samples was accomplished using solvent extraction and SPE cleanup coupled with MS 

detection. 

 

♦ Soybean Rust/Aphid Special Survey 

During October through December 2005, the 

USDA GIPSA laboratory also performed a 

special survey to monitor soybeans for 14 

identified compounds used to combat soybean 

rust - azoxystrobin, boscalid, cyproconazole, 

difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, fenarimol, fluquinconazole, flutriafol, myclobutanil, propiconazole, pyraclostrobin, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, and trifloxystrobin. In addition, the 

laboratory analyzed for two compounds used to 

control Chinese aphid, pymetrozine and thiamethoxam. A specialized method was developed 

in order to optimize recovery of the 16 compounds. Ground samples were extracted with 

organic solvent and cleaned using a combined 

SPE procedure. Analysis was performed using 

LC/MS-MS. 

♦ Milk and Heavy Cream 

The AMS NSL in Gastonia, North Carolina, 

tested milk and heavy cream samples for 88 

parent pesticides, metabolites, degradates, and 

isomers. For milk, 1-quart to 1-gallon samples 

were collected and for cream, 1-pint cartons 

were collected for shipment to the testing 

facility. Upon arrival at the testing facility, 

samples were visually examined for acceptability and discarded if spoiled or if the containers had been ruptured during shipping. Samples 

were refrigerated until sample aliquots were 

taken, after which the aliquots were frozen (-70°

C) prior to analysis. Because the milk and cream 

samples received were homogenized, further 

mixing at the laboratory was not required. A 

100-gram aliquot was weighed for milk and a 

10-gram aliquot was weighed for cream followed by organic solvent extraction and sample 

cleanup using ultra-low refrigeration (-70°C), 

centrifugation, and dispersive SPE. For both 

milk and cream, three extra sample aliquots 

were weighed, frozen, and kept in reserve in the 

event that replication of analysis or verification 

testing was required. Surplus milk and cream 

remaining after the four aliquots were taken was 

then discarded. Samples were analyzed using 

GC with MS detection and selective detectors 

and high performance liquid chromatography 

(HPLC) with post-column derivatization and 

fluorescence detection.

♦ Pork (Adipose and Muscle) 

The AMS NSL also tested pork adipose samples 

for 133 parent pesticides, metabolites, degradates, and isomers and pork muscle samples for 

121 parent pesticides, metabolites, degradates, 

and isomers. For both pork adipose and pork 

muscle, approximately 1-pound samples were 

collected for shipment to the testing facility. 

Upon arrival at the testing facility, samples were 

visually examined for acceptability and discarded if warm to the touch, spoiled, or leaking. 

If not homogenized immediately after arrival, 

samples were frozen at 0°C or lower until 

homogenized. The tissue samples were homogenized by grinding with dry ice in a large, 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

18 

high-speed food processor. The sample homogenates were placed into sample cups (approximately 60 grams per cup) and allowed to 

sublime at -20°C overnight before being stored 

at -70°C prior to analysis. A 20-gram aliquot 

was weighed for pork muscle and a 10-gram 

aliquot was weighed for pork adipose followed 

by organic solvent extraction and sample 

cleanup using ultra-low refrigeration (-70°C), 

centrifugation, and dispersive SPE. For both 

pork muscle and adipose tissues, two extra 

sample homogenate cups, not used for the initial 

testing, were retained frozen in the event that 

replication of analysis or verification testing was 

required. Surplus pork tissue homogenate remaining after the three sample cups were filled 

was then discarded. Samples were analyzed 

using GC-MS and selective detectors and LC/

MS-MS. 

♦ Bottled Water

The Minnesota laboratory analyzed bottled 

water for 82 parent pesticides, metabolites, and 

isomers. These compounds were determined to 

be of interest to EPA based on data needs for 

risk assessment as required under FQPA. Upon 

arrival at the testing laboratory, samples were 

visually examined for acceptability (within 

labeled expiration date, no leakage). Samples 

were refrigerated until time of analysis. One liter 

of the sample provided was extracted for 

compounds amenable to GC analysis and one 

for chloroacetanilide compounds to be analyzed 

via LC/MS-MS. 

♦ Drinking Water

The Colorado, Montana, and New York laboratories analyzed drinking water for 222 parent 

pesticides, metabolites, degradates, and isomers. 

These compounds were determined to be of 

interest to EPA. Paired samples of the raw 

intake water (untreated) and disinfected finished 

drinking water (treated) were collected for 

analysis. Treated water samples were collected 

after the untreated samples at a time interval 

consistent with the hydraulic residence. Hydraulic residence is the average time from entry into 

the treatment facility until distribution as treated 

water. Each sample consisted of three 1-liter 

amber glass bottles collected at the water 

treatment facility. Upon arrival at the testing 

laboratory, samples were visually examined for 

acceptability and discarded if warm to the touch 

or leaking. Samples were refrigerated until time 

of analysis and extracted within 96 hours of 

collection. A 1-liter bottle was extracted for 

compounds amenable to GC analysis and 

another one for compounds amenable to LC 

analysis. The remaining bottle was held in 

reserve or extracted for specialty compounds requiring separate extraction/analytical procedures [e.g., ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and 

oxanilic acid (OA) analogs of alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor]. Extraction methods 

used were based on SPE methods developed by 

the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and were 

independently validated by each testing laboratory. Samples were analyzed using MS detection 

(single and tandem GC and LC technologies), 

selective detectors, or post-column derivatization 

HPLC detection systems. 

♦ Quality Assurance Program 

The primary objectives of the QA/QC program 

are to ensure the reliability of PDP data and the 

performance equivalency of the participating 

laboratories. Direction for the PDP QA program 

is provided through SOPs based on EPA Good 

Laboratory Practices (GLPs). Written SOPs provide uniform administrative, sampling, and 

laboratory procedures. SOPs are revised annually to accommodate changes in the program. As 

laboratories continue to move toward accreditation to ISO 17025, program SOPs are being 

modified to align with these ISO requirements. 

Prior to submission to PDP, data are reviewed by 

each Quality Assurance Unit (QAU) for completeness and adherence to PDP requirements. 

Laboratory Technical Advisory Group and 

Quality Assurance Officers: A Technical Advisory Group comprised of laboratory Technical 

Program Managers (TPMs) and Quality Assurance Officers (QAOs) is responsible for annually 

reviewing program SOPs and addressing QA 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

19 

issues. For day-to-day QA oversight, PDP relies 

on the QAU at each participating facility. As 

required under EPA GLPs, the QAU operates 

independently from the laboratory staff and is 

responsible for performing quarterly internal 

program audits. Preliminary data review procedures are performed on-site by each laboratory’s 

QAU. Final review procedures are performed by 

PDP staff who are responsible for collating and 

reviewing data for conformance with SOPs. 

Method Performance Requirements: Laboratories are required to determine and verify the 

limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantitation (LOQs) for each pesticide/commodity pair. 

LODs depend on matrix, analyte, and detector 

used. LODs for each pesticide/commodity pair 

are shown in the applicable crop results appendix. Additional method performance/validation 

requirements include modules for consistent 

instrument response (linearity), method range, 

and precision and accuracy. 

Confirmation: Verification by MS or a suitable 

alternate detection system is required for all 

preliminary results. Verified residue amounts 

greater than or equal to LOD and below LOQ are 

reported as below quantifiable level (BQL). 

BQLs are assigned values at one-half the LOQ, 

and are used along with values greater than or 

equal to LOQ and non-detects in dietary risk 

assessments, when appropriate. 

Routine Quality Control Procedures: PDP 

procedures for QC are intended to assess method 

and analyst performance during sample preparation, clean-up, extraction, and, where applicable, 

derivatization. To maximize sample output and 

decrease the QC/sample ratio, samples are 

analyzed in analytical sets that include the test 

samples and the following components: 

Reagent Blank - For analysis of fruit and 

vegetables, soybeans, wheat, milk, heavy cream, 

and pork, an amount of distilled water, equivalent to the natural moisture content of the 

commodity, is run through the entire analytical 

process to confirm glassware cleanliness and 

system integrity. 

Matrix Blank - A previously analyzed sample 

of the same commodity, which contains either 

very low concentrations of known residues or 

no detectable residues, is divided into two 

portions. The first portion is used to determine 

background information on naturally occurring 

chemicals and the second is used to prepare a 

matrix spike. 

Matrix Spike(s) - Prior to extraction, a portion 

of matrix blank is spiked with marker pesticides to determine the precision and accuracy 

of the analyst and instrument performance. 

Marker pesticides are compounds selected from 

different pesticide classes (e.g., organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, conazoles, imidazolinones, neonicotinyls, phenoxy 

acid herbicides, pyrethroids, strobilurins, 

triazines), which have physical and chemical 

characteristics similar to those in the class they 

represent. Marker pesticides are used to monitor recovery instead of spiking all pesticides. 

This use of marker pesticides optimizes the 

resources required to analyze the thousands of 

analyte/matrix combinations in the program 

while still allowing evaluation of daily 

recovery patterns. In addition, each laboratory 

must perform matrix spikes throughout the year 

for each analyte/crop combination reported by 

their laboratory. During 2005, PDP laboratories 

quantitated a total of 43,059 matrix spikes, with 

an overall mean recovery of 91 percent and an 

overall percent coefficient of variation (% 

C.V.) of 26 percent. The % C.V. is calculated 

as the standard deviation divided by the mean. 

Process Control Spike - A compound with 

physical and chemical characteristics similar to 

those of the pesticides being tested is used to 

evaluate the analytical process on a sample-bysample basis. Each of the analytical set components, except the reagent and matrix blanks, is 

spiked with process controls. During 2005, 

PDP laboratories quantitated a total of 54,997 

process controls on 14,749 samples, with an 

overall mean recovery of 96 percent and an 

overall % C.V. of 19 percent. Of these process 

controls, 327 (0.59 percent) were rerun due to 

initial failure to meet PDP recovery criteria. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

20 

These rerun values are not included in these 

statistics. 

Proficiency Testing: All facilities are required 

to participate in PDP’s Proficiency Testing (PT) 

program. For laboratories testing fresh and 

processed fruit and vegetables, grains, dairy 

products, and meats, multiresidue test samples 

containing pesticides of known quantities are 

periodically issued and analyzed under the same 

conditions as routine samples. The resulting data 

are used to determine performance equivalency 

among the testing laboratories and to evaluate 

individual laboratory performance. During 2005, 

PDP laboratories received 5 multiresidue fruit 

and vegetable proficiency testing sets consisting 

of 15 samples, 1 soybean and 1 wheat set each 

consisting of 3 samples, and 1 milk and 1 heavy 

cream set each consisting of 3 samples. For fruit 

and vegetable multiresidue screening, the 15 

samples comprised 5 commodities and were fortified with 58 compounds at levels generally 1 to 

10 times the LOQ. Five compounds were 

repeated once. Reported results for fruit and 

vegetable samples yielded an overall mean 

recovery of 95 percent and an overall % C.V. of 

17 percent. 

Additionally, PDP laboratories participated in 

the international AOAC® proficiency testing 

program. During 2005, PDP laboratories participated in two test rounds, one for apples and one 

for strawberries. Each sample set was fortified 

with 10 pesticides. Laboratories were evaluated 

based on z-scores for reported compounds, as 

well as any reported false negatives or false 

positives. Laboratories were not held responsible 

for reporting compounds not included in their 

routine screening method. Overall, PDP laboratories performed as well or better than other 

participating laboratories. 

For water, two proficiency sample sets were 

analyzed during 2005. For the first set, a 

commercial vendor supplied PT solutions to the 

testing laboratories. Solution profiles were based 

on common laboratory analytical profiles and 

detection limits. Test solutions were used for 

spiking, rather than distribution of spiked 

samples, due to stability concerns. For each PT 

set, the vendor supplied the laboratory’s QAU 

with a custom solution that was diluted according to program protocols by the onsite QAU and 

fortified into one liter of unfiltered tap water. 

The spiked samples were then presented to the 

staff members of each respective laboratory for 

analysis. For the other drinking water set, replicate samples from a site whose samples 

historically contained multiple pesticides were 

sent to each of the water-testing laboratories and 

reported results compared. 

On-site Reviews: PDP staff performs on-site 

visits to determine compliance with PDP SOPs. 

Improvements in sampling, chain-of-custody, 

laboratory, recordkeeping, and electronic data 

transmission procedures are made as a result of 

on-site reviews. 

IV. Database Management

 

PDP maintains an electronic database at the 

MPO in Manassas, Virginia, that serves as a 

central data repository. The data captured and 

stored in the PDP database include sample 

collection and product information, residue findings, and process control recoveries for each 

sample analyzed, in addition to QA/QC fortified 

recoveries for each set of samples. Each 

calendar-year survey is stored in a separate 

database structure, allowing easier administration and data reporting. The PDP data path is 

illustrated in Figure 9. 

♦ Electronic Data Path

 

PDP utilizes the Remote Data Entry (RDE) 

system, which is a customized software application that allows participating State and Federal 

laboratories to enter and transmit data electronically. The RDE system is centralized with all 

user interface software and database files 

residing in Washington, D.C. The laboratory 

users need only a Web browser to interface with 

the RDE system. Access is controlled through 

separate user login/password accounts and user 

access rights for the various system functions 

based on position requirements. The RDE 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

21 

Figure 9. PDP Data Pathway. An illustration of PDP data path from sample collection 

through laboratory analysis and reporting. 

- 10 State labs + 2 USDA labs 

- Fruit and vegetable samples prepared 

 for consumption 

- Detect residues at low levels 

- Pesticide residue data generated 

- Multi-tiered QA data review process

Laboratory Analysis 

Sample Collection

- Collection in 10 States 

- Samples taken close to consumer 

- Standardized Sample Information Form 

- Data entry on handheld/laptop computers 

- Web-based data entry software 

- Import data from other systems 

- Access controlled by user login 

- Extensive data cross-checks 

Laboratory Remote Data Entry (RDE) 

Data Review at HQ 

- Chemists review data on-screen 

- Upload data to central database 

Year-end Review 

- Data reconciliation 

Internet 

Internet 

- Standard & adhoc reporting 

- Annual Summary 

- Custom data sets 

Data Reporting 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

22 

system utilizes Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) 

technology to encrypt all data passed between 

users’ computers and the central Web server. 

A separate Windows®-based system allows 

sample collectors to capture the standardized 

SIF electronically on handheld or laptop computers. The e-SIF system generates formatted 

text files containing sample information that are 

e-mailed to PDP headquarters and then 

imported into the Web-based RDE system. 

The RDE data entry screens have extensive 

editing functions and cross-checks built into the 

software to ensure that valid values are entered 

for all critical data elements. This task is made 

easier by the practice of capturing and storing 

standardized codes for all critical alphanumeric 

data elements rather than their complete names, 

meanings, or descriptions. This coding scheme 

allows for faster and more accurate data entry, 

saves disk storage space, and allows the user to 

perform adhoc queries (data searches) on the 

database easily. The data entry screens also 

perform automatic edits on numeric fields, 

dates, and other character fields to ensure that 

entries are within prescribed boundaries. 

At PDP headquarters, the RDE system allows 

staff chemists to review the data on-line and 

then to mark the data as ready-for-upload to the 

central PDP database. A separate upload 

application converts and passes the data to the 

PDP database which is presently maintained 

using Microsoft® Access in a Windows®

operating environment. Access to the central 

PDP database is limited to PDP staff personnel 

only and is controlled through password 

protection and user access rights. System backups are performed each night and back-up tapes 

are sent to off-site storage once a week. 

♦ Data Reporting 

 

The PDP staff frequently receives requests for 

data from Government agencies and interested 

outside parties. Ad-hoc queries and custom 

reports are generated to fill such requests. An 

electronic library of data queries is maintained 

to generate standardized data summaries, 

including the data tables, charts, and appendices 

in this annual summary. Subsets of the PDP 

calendar-year databases are made available for 

download from the PDP Website. The data files 

on the Website are fixed-length text files that 

contain a portion of the sampling data, all of the 

reported residue findings, and reference lists that 

can be used to interpret the standardized codes 

used in the PDP data. The data files can be 

imported into defined database structures and 

manipulated with the use of common database 

management software packages. 

V. Sample Results and Discussion

♦ Sample Results 

In 2005, PDP conducted surveys on a variety of 

foods including fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetables, soybeans, wheat, milk, heavy cream, 

pork, bottled water, and drinking water. Of the 

14,749 samples that were collected and analyzed, 10,154 were fruit and vegetable commodities, 668 were soybean samples, 306 were 

soybean rust/aphid survey samples, 674 were 

wheat samples, 746 were milk samples, 369 

were heavy cream samples, 704 were pork 

samples, 378 were bottled water samples, and 

750 were drinking water samples. 

Excluding drinking water samples, which were 

all from U.S. sources, approximately 84 percent 

of all samples were produced in the U.S., 14 

percent were imports, approximately 1 percent 

were of mixed origin, and about 1 percent were 

of unknown origin. Appendix K shows the 

distribution of sample origin by State or 

country. Of the domestic samples, approximately 40 percent (4,614 of 11,737) were 

grown, packed, and/or distributed in or from 

California. Approximately 21 percent (155 of 

744) of the orange juice samples were of mixed 

national origin (i.e., the juice was comprised of 

oranges grown in more than one country). 

Appendix L includes a comparison of residues 

for selected commodities with a significant 

import component. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

23 

Table 3 gives an overview of the number of 

residue detections for fresh and processed fruit 

and vegetables, grains, dairy, meat and water 

products determined during 2005. Overall 73 

percent of fresh fruit and vegetables and 61 

percent of processed fruit and vegetables 

showed detectable residues. The percent of 

samples with detections ranged from 13 

percent (dried plums) to 98 percent (apples). 

Residues were detected in 22 percent of the 

soybean samples, 75 percent of the wheat 

samples, 99 percent of the milk samples, 99 

percent of the heavy cream samples, 8 percent 

of the pork samples, and 16 percent of the 

bottled water samples. Residue findings in 

heavy cream and milk were primarily low level 

detections of diphenylamine and the 

unavoidable environmental contaminants DDE 

p,p’ and dieldrin. 

Appendix B tabulates the distribution of 

residues in fruit and vegetables for the 

complete 2005 data set. Information included 

in this appendix are: number of samples 

analyzed for a particular compound; number 

and percent of samples with detections; range 

of concentrations detected; tolerance violations; range of analytical LODs; EPA tolerance 

levels or FDA action levels; and corresponding 

Codex Alimentarius MRLs and/or extraneous 

maximum residue limits (EMRLs), when applicable. Appendices C, D, E, F, G, H, I, and J 

provide the distribution of residues for 

soybeans, soybean rust/aphid special survey, 

wheat, milk, heavy cream, pork, bottled water, 

and drinking water, respectively. The individual sample data can be downloaded from the 

PDP Website or obtained by contacting MPO. 

In 2005, PDP also completed a special study of 

triazole fungicides and metabolites begun in 

2003 at the request of EPA. Michigan analyzed 

more than 500 strawberry samples for parent 

triazoles and common triazole metabolites. 

Triazole alanine was detected in 11.1 percent of 

the samples and 1,2,4-triazole was detected in 

less than 1 percent of the samples. Parent 

triazoles myclobutanil and triflumizole were 

detected in 34.7 and 1.4 percent of samples 

respectively. Triadimefon and triazole acetic 

acid were not detected. 

Food monitoring data, together with dietary 

consumption surveys, are used by EPA to 

estimate dietary exposure to pesticides to 

ensure the safety of existing pesticide uses. 

EPA uses all results reported by PDP, 

including sample results reported as below the 

LOD and those above the tolerance. PDP 

laboratories are required to establish LODs and 

report any instrumental response below the 

LOD as a non-detect. LODs are established 

experimentally for each pesticide/commodity 

pair and are reported with each data set. The 

number of non-detects can be used in 

conjunction with percent crop treated data to 

determine what proportion of these values may 

be counted as zero towards the dietary 

exposure. As shown in Table 3, 33.7 percent of 

the samples (excluding drinking water and 

soybean rust/aphid samples) were reported as 

having no residue detections (i.e., results were 

below the established LOD). For samples 

containing residues, the vast majority of the 

detections were well below established 

tolerances. 

♦ Fresh vs. Processed 

The 2005 residue data, as in past years, show 

that residue profiles for fresh products are 

significantly different than for processed 

products. Raw agricultural commodities, if 

specifically grown for processing into juice for 

example, could receive different treatments 

than products destined for fresh market. An 

increase in residue levels (concentration) or 

reduction in residue levels is likely a direct 

result of processing effects such as cooking, 

pasteurization, and other processing steps. A 

comparison of residues for selected fresh and 

processed products is shown in Table 4. 

For fresh and/or frozen green beans, detection 

of pesticides in greater than 10 percent of the 

samples included acephate, bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, 

endosulfan sulfate, methamidophos, and 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

24 

Table 3. Number of Samples Analyzed and Summary of Residues Detected by Commodity. The distinction 

between the number of pesticides and different residues is made to differentiate a parent compound and its 

metabolite(s). A parent compound and its metabolites are reported as a single pesticide detection rather than as 

separate residue detections. 

TOTAL PROCESSED 

Number of 

Samples 

Analyzed 

Samples with 

Residues 

Detected 

Percent 

of Samples 

with Detections 

Different 

Pesticides 

Detected 

Different 

Residues 

Detected 

Total 

Residue 

Detections 

Apples 743 727 98 36 43 2,643 

Cantaloupe 558 288 52 22 27 445 

Cauliflower 741 650 88 16 17 816 

Eggplant 736 172 23 15 18 315 

Grapefruit 742 470 63 11 13 643 

Grapes 739 520 70 31 34 1,250 

Green Beans 181 166 92 18 22 536 

Lettuce 743 696 94 43 52 2,475 

Oranges 741 670 90 14 16 1,195 

Pears 555 473 85 25 29 979 

Plums 573 426 74 16 16 652 

Strawberries 737 685 93 30 39 1,938 

Watermelon 182 70 38 12 14 101 

Winter Squash 731 313 43 25 30 452 

8,702 6,326 73 14,440 

Green Beans, Frozen 555 431 78 18 19 756 

Orange Juice 744 430 58 9 10 459 

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 20 13 7 7 25 

 1,452 881 61 1,240 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 10,154 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 7,207 

Percent with Residue Detections = 71.0% 

Soybeans 668 144 22 9 9 150 

Wheat 674 508 75 18 18 750 

1,342 652 49 900 

Number of Samples Analyzed = 13,693 

Number of Samples with Residues Detected = 9,080 

Percent with Residue Detections = 66.3% 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

TOTAL FRESH 

Dairy Product:

Grain Product:

Fruit and Vegetables Totals: 

All Commodities (excludes 750 drinking water samples and 306 soybean rust/aphid special survey samples): 

TOTAL GRAIN 

Heavy Cream 369 366 99 9 11 901 

Milk 746 738 99 12 12 1,857 

1,115 1,104 99 2,758 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 105 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 118 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 15,680 

Total Number of Different Pesticides Detected = 166 

Total Number of Different Residues Detected = 178 

Total Number of Residue Detections = 19,513 

Pork, Adipose 352 40 11 7 8 50 

Pork, Muscle 352 18 5 2 3 20 

704 58 8 70 

Water Product:

Bottled Water 378 59 16 7 14 105 

TOTAL DAIRY 

TOTAL MEAT 

Meat Tissues:
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

25 

vinclozolin. Acephate and methamidophos 

detections were essentially the same in the 

fresh green beans and frozen green beans. 

Chlorothalonil, endosulfan I, and endosulfan II 

were detected in fresh green beans, whereas 

there were no detections of these compounds in 

frozen green beans. Endosulfan sulfate was 

present in 58.6 percent of fresh green beans but 

was detected in only 0.7 percent of frozen 

green beans. In contrast, vinclozolin was 

detected in frozen green beans, but not the 

fresh product, and detections of bifenthrin were 

higher in the frozen green beans than in the 

fresh product. 

A direct comparison of fresh oranges to orange 

juice can be problematic. Not only may 

oranges specifically grown for processing into 

juice receive different treatments than products 

destined for the fresh market, but entirely 

different varieties are grown specifically for 

juice production and may be treated completely 

differently from fresh market oranges. Approximately 21 percent of orange juice samples 

were comprised of juice from oranges grown in 

different countries. Ortho-phenylphenol was 

found in 52.0 percent of the orange juice 

samples and in 34.4 percent of the fresh 

product. In contrast, imazalil was found in 1.5 

percent of the juice and on 74.2 percent of 

fresh oranges. Thiabendazole was detected in 

less than 1 percent of the juice samples but was 

detected in 43.7 percent of fresh oranges. 

Results for fresh plums are compared to 

Table 4. Selected Residue Comparisons for Fresh and Processed Commodities. The percentage of 

samples with detections and the range of reported values for selected pesticides recovered from fresh 

vs. processed green beans, oranges and plums are shown. Commodity/residue pairs were selected 

based on the following criteria: data availability for fresh and processed product within the same 

sampling timeframe; greater than 10% detection rate for a residue in either the fresh or processed 

commodity; and number of samples analyzed sufficient to ensure adequate representation. 

Pesticide 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects 

Minimum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Maximum 

Value 

Detected, 

ppm 

Acephate 21.0 0.003 3.0 26.8 0.003 0.88 

Bifenthrin 2.8 0.013 0.39 12.6 0.013 0.093 

Chlorothalonil 35.9 0.003 3.9 0 0 0 

Endosulfan I 43.6 0.003 0.13 0 0 0 

Endosulfan II 32.0 0.003 0.15 0 0 0 

Endosulfan sulfate 58.6 0.003 0.47 0.7 0.003 0.003 

Methamidophos 24.9 0.003 1.0 25.4 0.003 0.27 

Vinclozolin 0 0 0 47.4 0.004 0.4 

GREEN BEANS -- Fresh (2005) GREEN BEANS -- Frozen (2005) 

Imazalil 74.2 0.050 0.79 1.5 0.050 0.25 

o-Phenylphenol 34.3 0.017 0.084 52.0 0.017 0.096 

Thiabendazole 43.7 0.050 0.61 0.5 0.05 0.23 

ORANGES -- Fresh (2005) ORANGE JUICE (2005) 

Fludioxonil 20.6 0.18 1.0 0 0 0 

Iprodione 39.6 0.065 7.1 0 0 0 

Phosmet 19.4 0.005 0.58 0 0 0 

PLUMS -- Fresh (2005) PLUMS -- Dried (2005) 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

26 

findings for dried plums in Table 4. Fludioxonil 

(20.6%), iprodione (39.6%), and phosmet 

(19.4%) were detected in fresh plums. None of 

these compounds were detected in the dried 

product. 

Fludioxonil was found in fresh plums but not 

dried; the highest residue detected was 1.0 parts 

per million (ppm) or 20 percent of the tolerance. 

Iprodione was found in fresh plums but not 

dried; the highest residue detected was 7.1 ppm 

or 36 percent of the tolerance. Phosmet was 

found in fresh plums but not dried; the highest 

residue detected was 0.58 ppm or 12 percent of 

the tolerance. 

♦ Import vs. Domestic Residue 

Comparisons 

Information about the origin of each PDP 

sample is recorded when the sample is 

collected. Figure 3 illustrates the portion of the 

domestic and import component for each PDP 

fruit and vegetable commodity in 2005. The 

data generated by PDP reflect pesticide 

residues in foods available to the U.S. consumer, including both domestic and imported 

products. Many commodities are almost 

entirely of domestic origin with only a minor 

import component. However, some fresh commodities, such as cantaloupe, eggplant, grapes, 

green beans, pears, plums, watermelon, and 

winter squash are from domestic growers part 

of the year and are imported during the 

remaining months. Comparisons of selected 

residues detected in imported versus domestic 

winter squash, grapes, and cantaloupe can be 

found in Appendix L. 

Overall, samples of domestic winter squash had 

higher percent detections than those from 

Mexico. Samples of grapes from Chile and 

cantaloupes from Central America showed 

higher percent detections than the respective 

domestic samples. These sample sets were 

selected to compare data where residues are 

present in greater than 10 percent of the commodity and allow comparison of individual 

residues. These data also showed that the 

residue profile for domestic and imported crops 

was significantly different. 

The winter squash data in Appendix L indicate 

that in 2005, residues were detected in 43.4 

percent of the domestic samples and 38.0 

percent of the Mexican samples. Dieldrin was 

detected in almost 12 percent of the domestic 

samples but was not detected in any of the 

samples from Mexico. Endosulfan sulfate was 

detected more frequently in the Mexican winter 

squash samples (22.1%) than domestic winter 

squash samples (11.3%). Ortho-phenylphenol 

was detected at similar rates in both the 

domestic and Mexican winter squash samples 

(19.1% and 20.0% respectively). 

For grapes, 87.6 percent of the Chilean samples 

and 63.9 percent of the domestic samples had 

residues detected in 2004-2005. Captan, chlorpyrifos, cyprodinil, fludioxonil, and iprodione 

were detected more often in the imported grape 

samples than the domestic grape samples. For 

example, captan residues were detected in 41.2 

percent of the Chilean grape samples compared 

to 2.5 percent of the domestic samples. Conversely, ethephon and myclobutanil were 

detected more often in the domestic grape 

samples than in the Chilean grape samples. 

Ethephon residues were detected in 17.3 

percent of the Chilean samples compared to 

57.0 percent of the domestic grape samples. 

Imidacloprid was detected at similar rates in 

both the domestic (15.8%) and Chilean grape 

samples (14.0%). 

For cantaloupe, 37.5 percent of the domestic 

product had residues compared to 74.6 percent 

of the Central American (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua) samples in 

2003-2005. Cantaloupe samples from Central 

America had more residues of endosulfan sulfate and methomyl than samples from the U.S. 

♦ National Estimates

 

National estimates for selected pesticide/

commodity pairs are shown in Appendix M. In 

most cases for each pair, the levels of detected 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

27 

residues are a small fraction of the tolerance 

level. A range of values for the average sample 

residue concentration (mean) for each pair is 

provided. The lower value for the range is 

determined by treating a sample without detectable residues as if it had a residue concentration 

equal to zero. The upper value is determined by 

treating such a sample as if it had a residue 

concentration equal to the LOD. Calculations 

for the 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for each 

of the selected pairs are shown. The ratio of the 

90th percentile to the tolerance, as a normalization factor, is also provided. Percent detections 

and percentiles for apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, eggplant, grapefruit, grapes, lettuce, 

oranges, pears, plums, strawberries, and winter 

squash were weighted to reflect monthly 

variations in marketing. No weighting adjustments were made for frozen green beans, heavy 

cream, milk, orange juice, soybeans, or wheat. 

Appendix N displays the estimated distributions 

of 12 representative pesticide/commodity pairs. 

These graphs depict that the overwhelming 

majority of pesticide testing results and the 

respective means (average values) are at low 

concentrations. The range of values, the median 

at the 50th percentile, and the range in percentile representing the lower and upper bound for 

the sample mean are shown on each chart. The 

pesticide/commodity pairs included in Appendix N are thiabendazole/apples, imidacloprid/

cauliflower, imazalil/grapefruit, vinclozolin/

frozen green beans, imazalil/oranges, DCPA/

lettuce, azinphos methyl/pears, iprodione/

plums, captan/strawberries, THPI/strawberries, 

DDE p,p’/heavy cream, and malathion/wheat.

In some cases, there is convergence of the mean 

upper and lower bound into a single line due to 

the insignificant differences between them (e.g., 

captan/strawberries). 

♦ Soybean Rust/Aphid Results 

In 2005, PDP conducted a special survey of 

compounds used on soybeans to treat rust and 

the Chinese aphid. The GIPSA laboratory 

analyzed more than 300 samples for 14 

fungicides used to treat soybean rust and 2 

insecticides used to control the Chinese aphid. 

The fungicide pyraclostrobin was detected in 2 

percent of the samples. The highest residue 

detected was 2 parts per billion (ppb) or 5 

percent of the tolerance for pyraclostrobin. No 

other compounds were detected. Appendix D 

provides the results for the soybean special 

survey. 

♦ Postharvest Applications

Pesticides can be applied before and after 

harvest depending on the crop and approved 

label use. PDP data capture both preharvest and 

postharvest uses because samples are collected 

at points when all pesticide applications have 

already occurred. Pesticides applied postharvest 

are used primarily as fungicides, but some 

insecticides and sprouting inhibitors are important postharvest crop treatments. Some detections reported in Appendix B were most likely 

generated by postharvest applications to the raw 

agricultural commodity. 

♦ Environmental Contaminants

 

DDT, DDD, and DDE

A total of 9,417 fruit and vegetable (Appendix 

B), 522 soybean (Appendix C), 674 wheat 

(Appendix E), 746 milk samples (Appendix F), 

369 heavy cream samples (Appendix G), and 

352 pork adipose samples (Appendix H) were 

screened for DDE p,p’, a metabolite of DDT. 

Other DDT metabolites measured only in fruit 

and vegetables and pork adipose include DDD 

o,p’ and DDD p,p’. Use of DDT has been 

prohibited in the U.S. since 1972; however, due 

to its persistence in the environment, residues of 

the DDE p,p’ metabolite were detected in 1.2 

percent (112 detections in 9,417 samples) of the 

fruit and vegetable samples tested. Residues of 

DDE p,p’ were found in green beans (1.1%), 

lettuce (14.7%), winter squash (0.1%), milk 

(85.4%), heavy cream (86.7%), and pork 

adipose (7.1%). The highest residue of DDE 

p,p’ found in heavy cream was 37 ppb or 3 

percent of the established action level. Residues 

of DDT o,p’ and DDT p,p’ were detected in 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

28 

lettuce (0.6% and 0.4% respectively). Residues 

of DDT p,p’ were detected in cauliflower 

(0.1%) and winter squash (0.5%). These finding 

are largely attributable to the recent improvements in analytical technologies and associated 

lower detection limits. All detections of DDT 

and its metabolites were well below the 

established action levels. 

 

OTHER EXTRANEOUS PESTICIDES

 

In 1974, all aldrin and dieldrin uses were 

canceled in the U.S., and in 1978, all heptachlor 

uses were canceled. In 1986, chlordane uses, 

except termiticide uses, were canceled. Despite 

these cancellations and due to their persistence 

in the environment, residues of dieldrin were 

detected in cantaloupe, watermelon, winter 

squash, milk, and heavy cream in 2005. Dieldrin 

was found in 33.1 percent of heavy cream 

samples, 23.2 percent of milk samples, 6.6 percent of winter squash samples, 1.3 percent of 

cantaloupe samples, and less than 1 percent of 

the watermelon samples. One percent of winter 

squash contained heptachlor epoxide, a metabolite of heptachlor. Cis and trans chlordane were 

detected in 1.5 and 1 percent of the winter 

squash samples, respectively. All detections 

were below the established action levels. No 

residues of aldrin were detected in fruit and 

vegetables, pork, or soybeans. Oxychlordane, a 

chlordane metabolite, was not detected in any of 

the 1,796 fruit or vegetable samples analyzed. 

♦ Multiple Pesticide Residue Detections

By virtue of the MRMs employed, PDP 

provides novel data that can be used by EPA in 

evaluating exposure to multiple residues from 

the same commodity. The data are crucial for 

assessments which consider cumulative exposure to pesticides determined to have common 

mechanisms of toxicity. The distribution of 

multiple pesticides occurring in samples tested 

during 2005 is presented in Appendix O. 

These data indicate that approximately 34 

percent of all samples tested contained no 

detectable pesticides [parent compound and 

metabolite(s) are combined], 30 percent contained 1 pesticide, and 36 percent contained 

more than 1 pesticide. Parent compounds and 

their metabolites are combined to report the 

number of “pesticides” rather than the number 

of “residues,” as was reported in summaries 

prior to 2003. For example, a sample with 

positive detections for Endosulfan I, II, and 

sulfate would have been counted as three 

residues in the 2002 Appendix L. That sample 

would be counted as just one pesticide detected 

in this Summary’s Appendix O. 

Most multiple residue detections result from the 

application of more than one pesticide on a 

crop during a growing season; however, a 

number of other factors could contribute to 

multiple detections. Pesticide spray drift, residue transfer through crop rotation, crosscontamination at packing facilities, and/or 

presence of persistent environmental contaminants could all contribute to residue detections. 

♦ Tolerance Violations 

A tolerance is defined under Section 408 of the 

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the 

maximum quantity of a pesticide residue 

allowable on a raw agricultural commodity. 

Tolerances are also applicable to processed 

foods. EPA is in the process of reassessing 

tolerances under the health-based standards of 

FQPA. A tolerance violation occurs when a 

residue is found that exceeds the tolerance level 

or when a residue is found for which there is no 

established tolerance. With the exception of 

meat, poultry, and egg products, for which 

USDA is responsible, FDA enforces tolerances 

for all imported and domestic foods that move 

through interstate commerce. Unlike enforcement programs, PDP emphasizes determination 

of residues at the lowest detectable levels rather 

than quick turn-around times. When PDP identifies samples with residues exceeding the 

tolerance or with residues for which there is no 

established tolerance, these detections are 

reported to FDA regional and headquarters’ 

offices. This notification is made in accordance 

with a Memorandum of Understanding between 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

29 

USDA and FDA for the purpose of pinpointing 

areas where closer surveillance may be needed. 

FDA enforcement action has not been a 

practical response to PDP analysis because of 

the time required between sample collection 

and data reporting. 

Residues exceeding the established tolerance 

are noted with an “X” in Appendices B, C, D, 

E, F, G, and H. Similarly, residues for which a 

tolerance is not established are noted with a 

“V.” The “X” and “V” annotations are followed 

by a number indicating the number of samples 

reported to FDA. 

An established tolerance may apply to more 

than one residue because pesticides may break 

down into more than one metabolite or contain 

more than one isomer. For example, the tolerance for endosulfan combines residues of 

endosulfan I, endosulfan II, and endosulfan 

sulfate; and organophosphate tolerances may 

combine the parent compound and the sulfone 

and sulfoxide metabolites. Therefore, where 

applicable, the violations in Appendix P are 

combined residues of parent and any isomers 

and/or metabolites to count the total number of 

samples with tolerance violations. 

Excluding samples for which no tolerances are 

set (bottled water and drinking water), residues 

exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.2 

percent of the 13,621 samples tested in 2005 – 

25 samples with 1 residue each. Residues with 

no established tolerance were found in 4.2 

percent of the samples (570 samples with 1 

residue each, and 2 samples with 2 residues 

each). In most cases, these residues were 

detected at very low levels and some residues 

may have resulted from spray drift or crop 

rotations. The residue levels and commodities 

are listed in Appendix P. 

♦ Bottled Water Results 

Bottled water is the second most consumed 

beverage in the United States. Due to its high 

consumption, PDP began testing bottled water 

in 2005. Bottled water is regulated as a 

packaged food product by the FDA and State 

regulatory agencies. FDA is adopting EPA’s 

MCLs for municipal water systems as its 

Standards of Quality (SOQs) for bottled water. 

Bottled water meets similar standards as 

municipal water systems. 

Bottled water can come from many sources. 

Waters sampled by PDP included water which 

was purified from municipal sources, spring 

water, well water, and melt water from glaciers. 

It is not required for bottled water to identify a 

specific source on the label, but bottlers must 

adhere to the FDA Standard of Identity 

regulations that provide uniform definitions for 

the following bottled water classifications: 

bottled, drinking, artesian, ground, distilled, 

deionized, reverse osmosis, mineral, purified, 

sparkling, spring, sterile, and well water. 

Ninety different brands of bottled water were 

sampled in 2005. These included small local 

brands of bottled waters as well as nationally 

sold brands. Some bottling companies may 

have multiple sources for their water and may 

list them on the label. Sampling these major 

brands of bottled water from various locations 

across the country allows PDP to obtain 

samples from these multiple sources. Due to its 

weight and shipping cost, most bottled water 

comes from domestic sources; however, 55 

samples were imports from Canada, Fiji, 

France, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. 

PDP analyzed 378 bottled water samples using 

multiresidue methods to test for 82 pesticides 

and metabolites. Fourteen different residues 

from 7 different pesticides were detected in 16 

percent of the bottled water samples. All but 

one of the detections was of commonly used 

herbicides and their metabolites. One fungicide 

was detected in a single sample. Appendix I 

provides a distribution of residues detected in 

bottled water. 

Table 5 shows the residues which were detected 

in the bottled water sampled by PDP in 2005. 

The bulk of the residue detections occurred in 

spring waters while only 12% of the samples 

purified from municipal sources contained any 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

30 

detectable residues. Most samples with detectable residues contained only a single pesticide 

or metabolite. A few of the samples contained 

multiple residues with a maximum of seven 

detectable residues within a given sample. All 

detections were well below any established 

EPA MCLs and Health Advisories (HAs). 

♦ Drinking Water Results 

Figure 8 shows the distribution of drinking 

water sites for the 2005 PDP testing program. 

Untreated and finished drinking water samples 

were collected from community water systems 

in California, Florida, Louisiana, Michigan, 

North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Each watershed reflects 

the local topography, watershed size, geomorphology, soil types, geology, land use, land 

management practices, crop varieties, pesticides 

applied, and application methods. Due to the 

complexities associated with water quality 

assessments, these data reflect only the unique 

characteristics of the watersheds from which the 

samples were obtained. 

PDP analyzed 750 water samples from 

community water systems using MRMs to test 

for more than 200 pesticides and metabolites. 

Treatment plants participating in the 2005 

survey draw from surface water as their primary 

source waters. The data presented here are for 

the untreated water collected at treatment plant 

intakes and treated water (post-disinfection) 

collected just prior to distribution to customers. 

Forty-eight different residues were detected in 

the untreated intake water and 43 in the finished 

water. Most of the detections were of commonly 

used herbicides and their metabolites. The 

majority of pesticides included in the PDP 

testing profiles were not detected and none of 

the detections in the finished water samples 

exceeded EPA MCLs or HA levels. 

Appendix J lists the MCL and/or HA values; 

however, many of the compounds in the PDP 

testing profiles do not have established regulatory standards. For comparative purposes, EPA 

FAO criteria, which are much lower than 

human-based MCLs or HAs, are also given. 

These criteria are lower than MCL or HA levels 

due primarily to higher exposure to these 

compounds because aquatic organisms live all 

or most of their lives in water. During 2005, no 

detections exceeded established FAO levels. 

Additional information regarding EPA drinking 

water standards is available at: http://www.epa. 

gov/safewater/standard/setting.html. 

Water treatment technologies vary widely and 

may be based on the local water chemistry, 

targeted contaminants needing removal, and 

cost. Appendix J shows the concentration of 

detected residues in treated and untreated water. 

Bottled Water Source 

Number of 

Samples 

Collected 

Number of 

Samples with 

Residues 

Number of 

Residues 

Detected Origin 

Artesian 1 1 2 Domestic 

Glacier 2 1 1 Canada 

Groundwater 20 1 1 Fiji 

Purified Drinking Water 102 7 1-4 Domestic 

Spring Water 231 47 1-7 U.S., Canada, France 

Unknown Source 22 2 1-2 Domestic 

Table 5. Origin of Bottled Water Samples and Number of Residues Detected. PDP analyzed 

378 bottled water samples using multiresidue methods to test for 82 pesticides and metabolites. 

Fourteen different residues from 7 different pesticides were detected in 16 percent of the bottled 

water samples. All but one of the detections were of commonly used herbicides and their 

metabolites. One fungicide was detected in a single sample. Appendix I provides a distribution 

of residues detected in bottled water. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

31 

In most cases, there were more detections in the 

untreated water than the treated water. In a few 

cases, residues detected in the treated water were 

not detected in the untreated water. The data 

acquired to date indicate that the water treatment 

process removed matrix interferences, allowing 

for a more sensitive measurement in the treated 

water. Depending on the treatment process 

employed, individual pesticides are entirely, 

partially, or not removed during the treatment 

process. 

The data clearly show seasonal inputs in many 

cases, such as atrazine. Figure 10 depicts results 

for atrazine in finished drinking water at two 

North Carolina sites, 5002 and 5003, and for two 

sites in northwestern Ohio and two sites in 

southeastern Michigan. In the first graph, site 

5003 shows seasonal variations, while for site 

5002, there is no marked seasonal input but 

rather a continual year-round input. The second 

graph shows that for sites in northwestern Ohio 

and southeastern Michigan, higher concentrations were detected in summer months when 

atrazine is heavily applied, but again, there is a 

steady input year-round. These observations convey the importance of year-round monitoring. 

♦ Synopsis 

A total of 10,154 fresh and processed fruit and 

vegetable samples, 668 soybean samples, 306 

soybean rust/aphid survey samples, 674 wheat 

samples, 746 milk samples, 369 heavy cream 

samples, 704 pork samples, 378 bottled water 

samples, and 750 drinking water samples were 

analyzed for various pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. MRMs were 

used to detect a wide variety of compounds 

including carbamates, conazoles, imidazoles, 

organochlorines, organophosphates, phenoxy 

acid herbicides, pyrethroids, strobilurins, and 

triazines. 

Excluding drinking water, approximately 84 

percent of all samples tested were domestic, 14 

percent were imports, 1 percent was of mixed 

origin, and 1 percent was of unknown origin. 

Approximately 21 percent of the orange juice 

samples were of mixed national origin. 

Overall, 73 percent of fresh fruit and vegetables 

and 61 percent of processed fruit and vegetables 

showed detectable residues. More residues were 

detected in fresh produce than in processed 

products and grains. Residues detected in dairy 

products and pork samples were primarily lowlevel residues of unavoidable environmental 

contaminants including DDE p,p’ and dieldrin. 

Additionally, low levels of diphenylamine were 

detected in dairy products. 

Excluding drinking water, 34 percent of samples 

tested contained no detectable pesticides [parent 

compound and metabolite(s) are combined], 30 

percent contained 1 pesticide, and 36 percent 

contained more than 1 pesticide. Low levels of 

environmental contaminants were detected in 

cantaloupe, cauliflower, green beans, heavy 

cream, lettuce, milk, pork, watermelon, and winter squash at concentrations well below levels 

that trigger regulatory actions. 

Excluding samples for which no tolerances are 

set (bottled water and drinking water), residues 

exceeding the tolerance were detected in 0.2 

percent of the 13,621 samples tested in 2005 – 

25 samples with 1 residue each. Residues with 

no established tolerance were found in 4.2 

percent of the samples (570 samples with 1 

residue each, and 2 samples with 2 residues 

each). In most cases, these residues were 

detected at very low levels and some residues 

may have resulted from spray drift or crop 

rotations. 

In finished drinking water, PDP detected low 

levels (measured in parts per trillion) of some 

pesticides, primarily widely used herbicides. 

Forty-eight different residues were detected in 

the untreated intake water and 43 in the treated 

water. The majority of pesticides, metabolites, 

and isomers included in the PDP testing profiles 

were not detected. None of the detections in the 

finished water samples exceeded established 

EPA MCL or HA levels or established FAO 

criteria. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

32 

Atrazine 

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Jan-05 Apr-05 Jul-05 Oct-05

MI 5001

MI 5002

OH 5003

OH 5004

Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec 

Concentration in parts per trillion (ppt) 

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Jan-05 Apr-05 Jul-05 Oct-05

NC 5002

NC 5003

Concentration in parts per trillion (ppt) 

Jan-Mar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct-Dec 

Figure 10. Seaonality of Pesticides in Finished Drinking Water Samples. Results are depicted for atrazine 

in finished drinking water at two North Carolina sites, 5002 and 5003, and for two sites in northwestern Ohio 

and two sites in southeastern Michigan. In the first graph, site 5003 shows seasonal variations, while for site 

5002, there is no marked seasonal input but rather a continual year-round input. The second graph shows 

that for sites in northwestern Ohio and southeastern Michigan, higher concentrations were detected in 

summer months when atrazine is heavily applied, but again, there is a steady input year-round. 
Pesticide Data Program—Annual Summary, Calendar Year 2005 

33 

♦♦♦♦♦

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, 

color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,

sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived 

from any public assistance program (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s 

TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of 

Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-

6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 
Appendix A

Commodity History 

Appendix A identifies commodities sampled by the Pesticide Data Program 

through December 2006. Updates to this list are posted on the PDP Web site at http://

www.ams.usda.gov/pdp. 
Fresh Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apples 1 Sep-91 Dec-96

Apples (S-1) Jan-99 Dec-99

Apples (S-2) Jan-99 May-99

Apples Oct-00 Sep-02

Apples Jan-04 Dec-05

Apples (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Asparagus Jan-02 Jun-03

Bananas Sep-91 Sep-95

Bananas Jan-01 Dec-02

Bananas Jan-06 Ongoing

Bananas (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Broccoli Oct-92 Dec-94

Broccoli Jan-01 Dec-02

Broccoli Oct-06 Ongoing

Cantaloupe Jul-98 Jun-00

Cantaloupe Oct-03 Sep-05

Carrots 1 Oct-92 Sep-96

Carrots Oct-00 Sep-02

Carrots Jan-06 Ongoing

Cauliflower Oct-04 Sep-06

Celery Feb-92 Mar-94

Celery Jan-01 Dec-02

Cherries 2 May-00 Aug-01

Cucumbers Jan-99 Dec-00

Cucumbers Oct-02 Sep-04

Eggplant Jan-05 Dec-06

Eggs (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Grapefruit Aug-91 Dec-93

Grapefruit Jan-05 Dec-06

Grapes 1 May-91 Dec-96

Grapes Jan-00 Dec-01

Grapes (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Grapes Jan-04 Dec-05

COMMODITY HISTORY AS OF DECEMBER 2006

Appendix A. Page 1 of 5
Commodity Start Date End Date

Green Beans Feb-92 Dec-95

Green Beans Jan-00 Dec-01

Green Beans Apr-04 Mar-05

Greens (collard & kale) Oct-06 Ongoing

Lettuce May-91 Dec-94

Lettuce Oct-99 Sep-01

Lettuce Jan-04 Dec-05

Mushrooms Oct-01 Sep-03

Nectarines 3 Jul-00 Sep-01

Onions Jan-02 Dec-03

Oranges 1 Aug-91 Dec-96

Oranges Jan-00 Dec-01

Oranges Jan-04 Dec-05

Peaches Feb-92 Sep-96

Peaches (S-3) Jan-00 Sep-00

Peaches4 Jan-01 Sep-02

Peaches Oct-06 Ongoing

Peaches (T-1) May-03 Sep-03

Pears Jan-97 Jun-99

Pears (S-1) Jul-98 Jun-99

Pears Oct-03 Sep-05

Pineapples Jul-00 Jun-02

Plums Jan-05 Dec-06

Potatoes May-91 Dec-95

Potatoes (S-4) Dec-96 Dec-97

Potatoes Jul-00 Jun-02

Spinach 1 Jan-95 Sep-97

Spinach Jul-02 Dec-03

Spinach Jan-06 Ongoing

Strawberries5 Jan-98 Sep-00

Strawberries Jan-04 Dec-05

Sweet Bell Peppers Jan-99 Dec-00

Sweet Bell Peppers Oct-02 Sep-04

Sweet Potatoes 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Sweet Potatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Appendix A. Page 2 of 5
Commodity Start Date End Date

Tomatoes 1 Jul-96 Jun-99

Tomatoes Jan-03 Dec-04

Watermelon 6 Oct-05 Sep-06

Summer Squash Oct-06 Ongoing

Winter Squash 5 Jan-97 Jun-99

Winter Squash Jul-04 Jun-06

1

 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996.

2

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Cherries were sampled for two years 

 (May-00 - Aug-01) for a total of six months.

3

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Nectarines were sampled for two years 

 (Jul-00 - Sep-01) for a total of six months.

4

 Sampling adjusted for market availability. Peaches were sampled for two years

 (Jan-01 - Sep-02) for a total of sixteen months.

5

 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable.

6

 Samples collected in California, Florida, and Texas only.

(S-1) Special single serving project testing for organophosphates.

(S-2) Special single serving project testing for carbamates.

(S-3) Special single serving project testing for carbamate, organochlorine, organophosphate, 

 organonitrogen, and sulfur compounds.

(S-4) Special single serving project testing for aldicarb.

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 3 of 5
Processed Commodities

Commodity Start Date End Date

Apple Juice 1 Jul-96 Dec-98

Apple Juice Jan-02 Dec-02

Applesauce Jul-02 Dec-02

Applesauce Jan-06 Dec-06

Asparagus, Canned Jul-03 Dec-03

Corn Syrup 2 Jan-98 Jun-99

Grape Juice Jan-98 Dec-99

Green Beans, Canned/Frozen 1 Jan-96 Jun-98

Green Beans, Canned Jan-03 Mar-04

Green Beans, Frozen Apr-05 Dec-05

Orange Juice Jan-97 Dec-98

Orange Juice Oct-04 Sep-06

Peaches, Canned Dec-96 Dec-97

Peaches, Canned Jan-03 Dec-04

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Jan-03 Mar-03

Peaches, Canned (T-1) Oct-03 Dec-03

Peanut Butter Jan-00 Dec-00

Peanut Butter Jan-06 Dec-06

Peanut Butter (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Pear Juice, Concentrate/Puree Jul-02 Jun-03

Pears, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Peas, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Jun-96

Peas, Canned/Frozen3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Peas, Frozen Jan-06 Ongoing

Potatoes, Frozen Jan-06 Ongoing

Raisins Jul-06 Ongoing

Spinach, Canned Oct-97 Dec-98

Spinach, Frozen Jan-99 Dec-99

Spinach, Canned Jan-04 Jun-04

Strawberries, Frozen 4 Jan-98 Sep-00

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen Apr-94 Mar-96

Sweet Corn, Canned/Frozen 3 Oct-01 Sep-03

Tomato Paste, Canned Jan-01 Jun-01

Tomatoes, Canned Jul-99 Jun-00

Winter Squash, Frozen 4 Jan-97 Jun-99

1 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996

2 Excludes sampling hiatus January 1999

3 Canned samples collected in first year and frozen samples 

in second year of testing.

4 Frozen collected when fresh unavailable

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 4 of 5
Grains

Commodity Start Date End Date

Barley Oct-01 Sep-03

Corn Oct-06 Ongoing

Oats Jul-99 Apr-00

Rice Oct-00 Sep-02

Soybeans Sep-96 Feb-98

Soybeans Oct-03 Sep-05

Soybean Rust/Aphid Oct-05 Dec-05

Wheat Feb-95 Jan-98

Wheat Sep-04 Aug-06

Wheat Flour Jan-03 Dec-04

Wheat Flour (T-1) Jan-03 Dec-03

Dairy

Commodity Start Date End Date

Butter Jan-03 Dec-03

Heavy Cream Jul-05 Dec-05

Milk 1 Jan-96 Oct-98

Milk (TSP) Jul-03 Dec-03

Milk Jan-04 Dec-05

Drinking Water

States Start Date End Date

California, New York Mar-01 Dec-03

Colorado, Kansas, Texas May-02 Dec-03

Oregon, Pennsylvania Jan-04 Dec-04

Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Washington Jan-04 Ongoing

California, Florida Jan-05 Dec-05

Louisiana, North Dakota, Pennsylvania Jan-05 Ongoing

Bottled Water - Ten Participating States Jan-05 Dec-06

Meat / Poultry Products

Commodity Type Start Date End Date

Poultry Young Chickens Apr-00 Mar-01

Poultry Young & Mature Chickens Jan-06 Ongoing

Beef Cows, Heifers, Steers Jun-01 Jul-02

Pork Gilt, Barrow Jan-05 Jun-05

1

 Excludes sampling hiatus September - November 1996

(T-1) Triazole parent and metabolite compounds only.

(TSP) Triazole Sampling Project. Samples sent to contract laboratory.

Appendix A. Page 5 of 5
Appendix B

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Fruit and Vegetables

Appendix B shows residue detections for all fruit and vegetable pesticide/

commodity pairs tested, including range of values detected, range of Limits of 

Detection (LODs), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) tolerances, and Codex 

Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) references 

for each pair. 

In 2005, 10,154 fruit and vegetable samples were analyzed, of which 8,702 

were fresh product and 1,452 were processed product. 

PDP reports tolerance violations to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as 

part of an interagency Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department 

of Agriculture and FDA. Residues reported to FDA are shown in the “Pesticide/

Commodity” column to the right of the commodity and are annotated as “X” (if the 

residue exceeded the established tolerance) or “V” [if the residue did not have a 

tolerance listed in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180]. In both 

cases, these annotations are followed by a number indicating the number of samples 

reported to FDA. 

Action levels (ALs) are shown in this appendix, where applicable, and denote 

Action Level values established by FDA and/or Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels 

(EMRLs) established by the Codex Alimentarious Commission. Under FQPA, 

responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to 

EPA. In the interim, action levels are used. 

Data to establish Codex MRLs are evaluated by the Food and Agriculture/World 

Health Organization-sponsored Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) based on 

toxicology, residue occurrence in crops determined by supervised field trials, and 

dietary exposure. The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR) meets 

annually to discuss proposed MRLs and recommends approval to the Codex 

Alimentarius Commission. This means that Codex MRLs represent levels that are 

considered safe to humans. MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex 

Alimentarius: Proc. of Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 

2006, Fortaleza, Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Acephate (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Cantaloupe (X-1) 558 2 0.4 0.020 - 0.21 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Eggplant (X-6) 736 8 1.1 0.008 - 0.30 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Green Beans 181 38 21.0 0.003 - 3.0 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 149 26.8 0.003 - 0.88 0.002 - 0.005 3 -

Lettuce 743 60 8.1 0.003 - 0.090 0.002 - 0.003 10 -

Orange Juice 744 4 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.015 0.02 -

Plums 573 0 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.005 ^ 0.02 -

Strawberries 737 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 -

Watermelon (X-1) 182 2 1.1 0.003 - 0.71 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

Winter Squash (X-1) 731 4 0.5 0.003 - 0.051 0.002 - 0.005 0.02 -

TOTAL 9,413 267

Acetamiprid (insecticide) 

Apples 260 182 70.0 0.001 - 0.13 0.0006 ^ 1.0 -

Cauliflower 741 7 0.9 0.001 - 0.005 0.0006 ^ 1.20 -

Lettuce 527 83 15.7 0.001 - 0.27 0.0006 ^ 3.00 -

TOTAL 1,528 272

Acibenzolar S methyl (plant activator)

Apples 528 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.007 ^ 0.25 -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Alachlor (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 914 0

Aldicarb (insecticide) 

Apples 528 0 0.0003 - 0.001 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0003 - 0.001 NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.007 ^ 0.3 0.2

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans 127 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0003 - 0.001 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Oranges 719 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,890 0

Aldicarb sulfone (metabolite of Aldicarb) 

Apples 513 0 0.0009 - 0.003 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 719 0 0.009 - 0.012 0.3 0.2

Green Beans 127 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

APPENDIX B. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

Appendix B. Page 1 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce 498 0 0.0009 - 0.003 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Oranges 741 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.038 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,440 0

Aldicarb sulfoxide (metabolite of Aldicarb)

Apples 411 0 0.0003 - 0.003 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.038 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 342 0 0.001 - 0.004 NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.005 ^ 0.3 0.2

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans 127 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 468 0 0.0003 - 0.003 NT -

Orange Juice 744 9 1.2 0.008 ^ 0.005 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Oranges 741 2 0.3 0.008 - 0.025 0.005 - 0.010 0.3 0.2

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.038 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,337 11

Aldrin (insecticide) (parent of Dieldrin)

Apples 743 0 0.003 - 0.024 0.03 AL 0.05

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 AL 0.1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 - 0.024 0.03 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.006 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.02 AL 0.05

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 - 0.024 0.03 AL 0.05

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.02 AL 0.05

Oranges 741 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.02 AL 0.05

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.03 AL 0.05

Plums 573 0 0.006 ^ 0.3 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.006 ^ 0.3 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 AL 0.1

Winter Squash 213 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 AL 0.1

TOTAL 8,287 0

Allethrin (insecticide)

Apples 215 0 0.010 ^ EX -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.010 - 0.016 4 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 - 0.040 EX -

Grapes 739 0 0.010 - 0.015 4 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ EX -

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ EX -

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.015 EX -

Plums 573 0 0.021 ^ 4 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.021 ^ 4 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,602 0

Ametryn (herbicide)

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,117 0

Appendix B. Page 2 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Anilazine (fungicide)

Green Beans 127 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

TOTAL 522 0

Atrazine (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.024 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 527 1 0.2 0.006 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.024 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,266 1

Azinphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 743 234 31.5 0.013 - 0.33 0.008 - 0.012 1.5 2

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.012 2.0 0.2

Eggplant 736 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.3 0.5

Grapefruit 214 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Grapes 524 2 0.4 0.013 - 0.018 0.008 - 0.011 4.0 1

Green Beans 181 0 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.005 - 0.008 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 527 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.5

Orange Juice 744 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Oranges 741 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Pears 555 139 25.0 0.013 - 0.33 0.008 - 0.011 1.5 2

Plums 573 32 5.6 0.007 - 0.10 0.004 ^ 2.0 2

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 2 1.3 0.007 - 0.060 0.004 ^ 2.0 2

Strawberries 216 1 0.5 0.20 ^ 0.008 ^ 2.0 1

Watermelon 182 0 0.008 - 0.012 2.0 0.2

Winter Squash 518 0 0.012 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 7,720 411

Azoxystrobin (fungicide)

Apples 468 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 666 0 0.002 ^ 30 -

Grapefruit 528 11 2.1 0.0004 - 0.002 0.0004 ^ 1.0 -

Grapes 523 13 2.5 0.002 - 0.042 0.002 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 485 15 3.1 0.003 - 2.2 0.002 ^ 30.0 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Oranges 504 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.0005 - 0.020 0.30 -

TOTAL 4,278 39

Bendiocarb (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.040 SU -

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.002 ^ SU -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.040 ^ SU -

Eggplant 736 0 0.010 ^ SU -

Grapefruit 719 0 0.002 - 0.010 SU -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 - 0.005 SU -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.88 SU -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 - 0.010 SU -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 - 0.010 SU -

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.005 SU -

Plums 573 29 5.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ SU -

Appendix B. Page 3 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.010 ^ SU -

Strawberries 733 0 0.002 - 0.004 SU -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.016 SU -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.002 ^ SU -

TOTAL 8,477 29

Benfluralin (herbicide) 

Lettuce 216 0 0.020 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 216 0

BHC alpha (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 ^ 0.05 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.05 AL -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 127 0 0.0008 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.0008 ^ 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Pears 555 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Plums 573 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 8,987 0

BHC beta (isomer of BHC alpha)

Green Beans 127 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 522 0

Bifenazate (acaricide)

Apples 215 0 0.020 ^ 0.75 1

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.013 ^ 0.75 0.3

Grapes 216 5 2.3 0.033 - 0.090 0.020 ^ 0.75 1

Pears 161 1 0.6 0.033 ^ 0.020 ^ 0.75 1

Strawberries 216 21 9.7 0.033 - 0.25 0.020 ^ 1.5 2

Watermelon 59 0 0.020 ^ 0.75 0.3

Winter Squash 731 0 0.013 - 0.034 0.75 0.7

TOTAL 1,994 27

Bifenthrin (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.003 - 0.010 0.05 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.010 - 0.016 0.4 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ 0.6 -

Eggplant 736 1 0.1 0.047 ^ 0.028 ^ 0.05 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.05

Grapes 739 1 0.1 0.018 ^ 0.010 - 0.011 0.2 -

Green Beans 181 5 2.8 0.012 - 0.39 0.008 - 0.010 0.6 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 70 12.6 0.012 - 0.093 0.008 - 0.010 0.6 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 - 0.010 3.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.05

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 0.05

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.5 0.5

Plums 573 0 0.037 ^ 0.05 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.037 ^ 0.05 -

Strawberries 737 72 9.8 0.017 - 0.44 0.010 - 0.040 3.0 1

Watermelon 182 3 1.6 0.007 - 0.018 0.004 - 0.011 0.4 -

Winter Squash 731 12 1.6 0.017 - 0.027 0.010 - 0.016 0.4 -

TOTAL 10,154 164

Appendix B. Page 4 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Bitertanol (fungicide) 

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 64 0

Boscalid (fungicide) 

Apples 132 9 6.8 0.010 - 0.035 0.006 ^ 3.0 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.039 ^ 1.6 -

Cauliflower 682 0 0.006 ^ 3.0 -

Lettuce 485 12 2.5 0.010 - 1.6 0.006 ^ 11.0 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.003 - 0.010 1.6 -

Winter Squash 518 1 0.2 0.065 ^ 0.039 ^ 1.6 -

TOTAL 2,395 22

Bromacil (herbicide)

Grapefruit 742 0 0.015 - 0.067 0.1 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 -

Oranges 741 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 -

TOTAL 2,227 0

Buprofezin (insecticide)

Apples 132 1 0.8 0.0002 ^ 0.0001 ^ 4 -

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0001 ^ NT -

Eggplant 736 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.0005 - 0.015 2.5 -

Grapes 739 5 0.7 0.017 - 0.065 0.015 ^ 0.40 -

Lettuce 333 0 0.0001 - 0.015 13 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.015 ^ 2.5 0.5

Oranges 741 0 0.015 ^ 2.5 0.5

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.012 - 0.015 0.5 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.015 ^ 0.50 -

TOTAL 5,334 6

Butylate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 308 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 276 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 584 0

Captafol (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Cantaloupe 44 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 43 0 0.017 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,590 0

Captan (fungicide) (parent of THPI)

Apples 215 12 5.6 0.020 - 2.0 0.012 ^ 25 25

Cantaloupe 80 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

Eggplant 736 1 0.1 0.030 ^ 0.018 ^ 25 -

Grapes 721 121 16.8 0.012 - 1.2 0.008 - 0.012 50 -

Green Beans 127 5 3.9 0.008 - 0.46 0.005 ^ 25 -

Green Beans, Frozen 412 0 0.005 - 0.012 25 -

Lettuce 216 0 0.012 ^ 100 -

Orange Juice 506 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Pears 555 61 11.0 0.012 - 2.1 0.008 - 0.012 25 25

Plums 573 0 0.016 ^ 100 -

Appendix B. Page 5 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 1 0.7 0.060 ^ 0.016 ^ 100 -

Strawberries 737 517 70.1 0.020 - 12 0.012 - 0.038 25 20

Watermelon 123 0 0.008 - 0.010 25 -

Winter Squash 79 0 0.012 ^ 25 -

TOTAL 5,758 718

Carbaryl (insecticide)

Apples 743 53 7.1 0.0005 - 0.32 0.0003 - 0.002 10.0 5

Cantaloupe 558 20 3.6 0.003 - 0.11 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

Cauliflower 741 1 0.1 0.0005 ^ 0.0003 ^ 10 -

Eggplant 736 22 3.0 0.017 - 0.14 0.010 ^ 10 1

Grapefruit 719 13 1.8 0.003 - 0.039 0.002 - 0.006 10 7

Grapes 739 34 4.6 0.003 - 0.47 0.002 - 0.010 10 5

Green Beans 181 2 1.1 0.017 - 0.53 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 5 0.9 0.003 - 0.071 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Lettuce 743 1 0.1 0.004 ^ 0.0003 - 0.002 10 -

Orange Juice 744 40 5.4 0.003 - 0.017 0.002 - 0.010 10 7

Oranges 741 14 1.9 0.003 - 0.12 0.002 - 0.010 10 7

Pears 555 61 11.0 0.003 - 0.33 0.002 - 0.010 10.0 5

Plums 573 49 8.6 0.017 - 0.11 0.010 ^ 10 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 7 4.6 0.017 - 0.45 0.010 ^ 10 -

Strawberries 733 21 2.9 0.003 - 0.44 0.002 ^ 10 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.010 10 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

TOTAL 10,127 343

Carbendazim - MBC (fungicide) (metabolite of benomyl)

Apples 528 110 20.8 0.0002 - 0.16 0.0001 - 0.0005 7.0 3

Cauliflower 741 20 2.7 0.0002 - 0.001 0.0001 - 0.0006 0.2 -

Grapefruit 351 0 0.045 ^ 10.0 -

Lettuce (V-34) 527 34 6.5 0.0002 - 0.0008 0.0001 - 0.0005 NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,211 164

Carbofuran (insecticide) (parent of 3-Hydroxycarbofuran)

Apples 528 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 3 0.5 0.054 - 0.29 0.002 - 0.008 0.2 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ 0.2 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries 733 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.2 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.4 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.6 -

TOTAL 6,492 3

Carbophenothion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Carboxin (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 44 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Green Beans 54 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Green Beans, Frozen 160 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 43 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 301 0

Appendix B. Page 6 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Carfentrazone ethyl (herbicide)

Apples 132 0 0.001 ^ 0.10 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.001 ^ 0.10 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.030 ^ 0.10 -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ 0.10 -

Lettuce 132 0 0.001 ^ 0.10 -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ 0.10 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.10 -

TOTAL 2,315 0

Chlordane cis (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Apples 743 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Eggplant 736 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.020 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans 181 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Lettuce 743 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Oranges 741 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 555 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Plums 573 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash 731 11 1.5 0.003 - 0.025 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 9,201 11

Chlordane trans (insecticide) (isomer of Chlordane)

Apples 743 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0007 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Eggplant 736 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapefruit 214 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans 181 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.0008 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Lettuce 743 0 0.0007 - 0.002 0.1 AL 0.02

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Oranges 741 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.1 AL 0.02

Pears 555 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Plums 573 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 AL 0.02

Winter Squash 731 7 1.0 0.003 - 0.007 0.002 - 0.004 0.1 AL 0.02

TOTAL 8,673 7

Chlorethoxyfos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 914 0

Chlorfenapyr (insecticide) 

Eggplant 736 0 0.029 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 736 0

Appendix B. Page 7 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Chlorfenvinphos total (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Chlorothalonil (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 206 0 0.005 - 0.008 5 2

Eggplant (V-10) 736 10 1.4 0.012 - 0.073 0.007 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Green Beans 181 65 35.9 0.003 - 3.9 0.002 - 0.005 5 5

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.008 5 5

Lettuce (V-2) 2 2 100.0 0.013 - 0.20 0.005 - 0.008 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears (V-2) 394 2 0.5 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Plums 573 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.008 ^ 0.2 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.010 5 -

Winter Squash 256 14 5.5 0.008 - 1.0 0.005 - 0.008 5 5

TOTAL 4,814 93

Chlorpropham (herbicide, growth regulator)

Apples (V-1) 528 1 0.2 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Cauliflower (V-2) 741 2 0.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Green Beans (V-1) 127 1 0.8 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears (V-1) 394 1 0.3 0.018 ^ 0.011 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.017 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,266 5

Chlorpyrifos (insecticide)

Apples 743 8 1.1 0.002 - 0.013 0.001 - 0.004 1.5 1

Cantaloupe 558 21 3.8 0.007 - 0.016 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Cauliflower 741 7 0.9 0.002 - 0.010 0.001 ^ 1.0 0.05

Eggplant 736 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Grapefruit 742 18 2.4 0.001 - 0.004 0.0008 - 0.004 1.0 1

Grapes 739 92 12.4 0.006 - 0.19 0.004 ^ 0.5 0.5

Green Beans 181 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.05 0.01

Green Beans, Frozen 555 1 0.2 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.005 0.05 0.01

Lettuce 743 19 2.6 0.002 - 0.060 0.001 - 0.004 0.1 -

Orange Juice 744 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 1.0 1

Oranges 741 28 3.8 0.007 - 0.017 0.004 ^ 1.0 1

Pears 555 17 3.1 0.006 - 0.024 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Plums (X-3) 573 42 7.3 0.013 - 0.12 0.008 ^ 0.05 0.5

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.008 ^ 0.05 0.5

Strawberries 737 29 3.9 0.001 - 0.035 0.0008 - 0.004 0.2 0.3

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 731 17 2.3 0.007 - 0.029 0.004 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 10,154 300

Chlorpyrifos methyl (insecticide) 

Grapes 175 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.2

Green Beans 83 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.1

Pears 218 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 476 0

Appendix B. Page 8 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Clofentezine (insecticide)

Apples 347 1 0.3 0.19 ^ 0.007 - 0.022 0.5 0.5

Cauliflower 92 0 0.022 ^ NT -

Lettuce 132 0 0.022 ^ NT -

Pears 161 1 0.6 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.5 0.5

Watermelon 22 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 754 2

Clomazone (herbicide)

Apples 513 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.05 -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.05 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.005 - 0.015 0.05 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.008 - 0.040 0.1 -

TOTAL 5,942 0

Clothianidin (insecticide) (also a metabolite of thiamethoxam)

Watermelon 123 0 0.002 - 0.010 NT -

TOTAL 123 0

Coumaphos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,055 0

Coumaphos oxygen analog (metabolite of Coumaphos)

Apples 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,055 0

Cycloate (herbicide)

Apples 132 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 132 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,394 0

Cyfluthrin (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.030 - 0.14 0.05 0.5

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.14 - 0.27 2.5 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.067 ^ 0.05 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.021 - 0.030 0.2 -

Grapes 739 0 0.023 - 0.030 0.05 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.045 ^ 0.05 -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.045 ^ 0.05 -

Lettuce 743 14 1.9 0.050 - 0.68 0.030 - 0.27 3.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.2 -

Oranges 741 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.2 -

Pears 555 0 0.023 - 0.030 0.05 -

Plums 573 0 0.068 ^ 0.05 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.068 ^ 0.05 -

Strawberries 737 0 0.024 - 0.030 0.05 -

Appendix B. Page 9 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Watermelon 182 0 0.023 - 0.030 0.05 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.030 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 9,940 14

 Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) (insecticide) **

Apples 528 2 0.4 0.010 - 0.023 0.006 - 0.020 0.30 0.2

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.4 -

Grapefruit 528 0 0.008 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Lettuce 527 65 12.3 0.010 - 0.37 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Oranges 525 0 0.060 ^ 0.01 -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ 0.30 0.2

Strawberries (X-2) 521 3 0.6 0.014 - 0.17 0.008 ^ 0.01 -

Watermelon 123 0 0.015 ^ 0.01 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 5,852 70

Cyhalothrin, Lambda (includes gamma isomer) (insecticide)

Apples 213 0 0.006 ^ 0.30 0.2

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.038 ^ 0.20 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 216 1 0.5 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.006 - 0.030 0.20 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.006 - 0.030 0.20 -

Lettuce 216 22 10.2 0.010 - 0.44 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Orange Juice 216 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Oranges 216 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Pears 161 3 1.9 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 0.30 0.2

Plums 573 0 0.039 ^ 0.50 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.039 ^ 0.50 -

Strawberries (X-2) 216 2 0.9 0.036 - 0.14 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Watermelon 59 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 4,300 28

Cyhalothrin, epimer R157836 (insecticide) 

Apples 213 0 0.006 ^ 0.30 0.2

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Eggplant 124 0 0.077 ^ 0.20 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 215 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Green Beans 54 0 0.006 ^ 0.20 -

Green Beans, Frozen 160 0 0.006 ^ 0.20 -

Lettuce 216 6 2.8 0.010 - 0.032 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Orange Juice 216 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Oranges 216 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Pears 161 0 0.006 ^ 0.30 0.2

Plums 46 0 0.047 ^ 0.50 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 109 0 0.047 ^ 0.50 -

Strawberries 216 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Watermelon 59 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.006 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 2,594 6

Cypermethrin (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.030 - 0.17 NT 2

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.17 - 0.34 2.0 1

Eggplant 736 0 0.057 ^ 0.2 0.2

Grapes 523 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Appendix B. Page 10 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ 0.5 0.5

Green Beans, Frozen 397 4 1.0 0.025 - 0.050 0.015 - 0.030 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 743 54 7.3 0.043 - 1.0 0.030 - 0.34 10.0 2

Orange Juice 528 0 0.035 ^ NT 2

Oranges 525 0 0.035 ^ NT 2

Pears 555 0 0.023 - 0.030 NT 2

Plums 573 0 0.067 ^ NT 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.067 ^ NT 1

Watermelon 182 0 0.020 - 0.030 NT -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,815 58

Cyprodinil (fungicide)

Apples 215 2 0.9 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 0.1 0.05

Grapes 739 198 26.8 0.008 - 1.4 0.008 ^ 2.0 3

Green Beans, Frozen 1 1 100.0 0.14 ^ 0.082 ^ 0.6 0.5

Pears 555 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 1

Plums 573 7 1.2 0.013 - 0.079 0.008 ^ 2.0 2

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 6 3.9 0.013 ^ 0.008 ^ 2.0 2

Strawberries 737 132 17.9 0.013 - 1.1 0.008 - 0.092 5.0 2

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,037 346

Cyromazine (insect growth regulator)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 10.0 -

Lettuce 527 17 3.2 0.004 - 0.59 0.002 ^ 7.0 5

TOTAL 1,796 17

DCPA (herbicide)

Apples 514 0 0.0007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 6 1.1 0.005 - 0.012 0.003 - 0.007 1 -

Cauliflower 741 57 7.7 0.001 - 0.006 0.0007 ^ 5 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.006 ^ 1 -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 - 0.006 2 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.006 2 -

Lettuce 743 228 30.7 0.001 - 0.17 0.0007 - 0.006 2 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries 737 0 0.003 - 0.006 2 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.008 1 -

Winter Squash 731 1 0.1 0.043 ^ 0.003 - 0.007 1 -

TOTAL 7,648 292

DDD o,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

TOTAL 1,796 0

DDD p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 743 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.020 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.004 - 0.016 0.1 AL -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Appendix B. Page 11 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce 743 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Oranges 741 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Pears 555 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Plums 573 0 0.007 ^ 0.2 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.007 ^ 0.2 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.004 - 0.020 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 9,417 0

DDE p,p' (metabolite of DDT)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.005 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.1 AL -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 2 1.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.2 AL -

Lettuce 743 109 14.7 0.003 - 0.015 0.002 - 0.007 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Oranges 741 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Pears 555 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

Plums 573 0 0.006 ^ 0.2 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.006 ^ 0.2 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 AL -

Winter Squash 731 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.007 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 9,417 112

DDT o,p' (insecticide)

Apples 513 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 527 3 0.6 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 0.5 AL -

TOTAL 1,781 3

DDT p,p' (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.0004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Cauliflower 741 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.004 - 0.029 0.1 AL -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.2 AL -

Lettuce 743 3 0.4 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Oranges 741 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Pears 555 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

Plums 573 0 0.010 ^ 0.2 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.010 ^ 0.2 AL -

Watermelon 123 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 AL -

Winter Squash 213 1 0.5 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 0.1 AL -

TOTAL 8,444 5

Deltamethrin (insecticide) (includes parent Tralomethrin)

Apples 698 0 0.015 - 0.53 0.2 0.2

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.015 - 0.24 0.2 0.2

Cauliflower 216 0 0.080 ^ 0.05 0.1

Eggplant 736 0 0.052 ^ 0.3 -

Appendix B. Page 12 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapefruit 742 0 0.015 - 0.055 0.05 0.02

Grapes 739 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.05 0.2

Lettuce 216 1 0.5 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 0.05 0.5

Orange Juice 744 0 0.015 - 0.018 0.05 0.02

Oranges 741 0 0.015 - 0.018 0.05 0.02

Pears 555 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.05 -

Plums 573 0 0.052 ^ 0.05 0.05

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.052 ^ 0.05 0.05

Strawberries 737 0 0.015 - 0.11 0.05 0.2

Watermelon 182 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.2 0.2

Winter Squash 731 0 0.015 - 0.24 0.2 0.2

TOTAL 8,321 1

Diazinon (insecticide)

Apples 743 13 1.7 0.003 - 0.13 0.002 ^ 0.5 0.3

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.75 0.2

Grapefruit 742 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.7 -

Grapes 739 4 0.5 0.003 - 0.016 0.002 - 0.005 0.75 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.2

Lettuce 743 98 13.2 0.003 - 0.027 0.002 ^ 0.7 0.5

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 0.7 -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.7 -

Pears 555 11 2.0 0.003 - 0.008 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 0.3

Plums 573 2 0.3 0.012 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.5 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.007 ^ 0.5 1

Strawberries 737 3 0.4 0.002 - 0.005 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 0.1

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.75 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.007 0.75 0.05

TOTAL 8,677 131

Diazinon oxygen analog (metabolite of Diazinon)

Apples 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Green Beans 180 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Plums 573 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Strawberries 216 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.001 - 0.012 NT -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.003 - 0.016 NT -

TOTAL 8,368 0

Dichlobenil (herbicide)

Apples 728 0 0.005 - 0.019 0.5 -

Cauliflower 709 0 0.019 - 0.064 NT -

Grapes 697 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.15 -

Lettuce 512 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.5 -

Plums 573 0 0.011 ^ 0.15 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.011 ^ 0.15 -

Watermelon 86 0 0.005 - 0.013 NT -

TOTAL 5,066 0

Appendix B. Page 13 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Dichlorvos - DDVP (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Naled)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Cantaloupe 558 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.5 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.0006 - 0.002 3 -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.5 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Oranges 741 1 0.1 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 3 -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ 0.5 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 0.5 -

Strawberries 737 49 6.6 0.001 - 0.43 0.0007 - 0.002 1 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.5 -

TOTAL 9,252 51

Dicloran (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 31 4.2 0.006 - 0.18 0.004 - 0.008 10 7

Green Beans 181 1 0.6 0.014 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 20 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.008 20 -

Lettuce 743 9 1.2 0.003 - 0.013 0.002 - 0.008 10 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears (V-1) 395 1 0.3 0.013 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 NT -

Plums 573 8 1.4 0.017 - 1.1 0.010 ^ 15 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.010 ^ 15 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,639 50

Dicofol o,p' (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 - 0.010 5 -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.003 - 0.040 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Strawberries 521 0 0.006 - 0.012 5 -

TOTAL 2,301 0

Dicofol p,p' (isomer of Dicofol o,p')

Apples 743 0 0.003 - 0.040 5 -

Cantaloupe 558 11 2.0 0.017 - 0.045 0.010 - 0.018 5 0.2

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 - 0.019 NT -

Eggplant 736 5 0.7 0.017 - 0.11 0.010 ^ 5 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 - 0.022 10 5

Grapes 739 2 0.3 0.49 - 0.51 0.010 - 0.015 5 5

Green Beans 181 0 0.008 - 0.010 5 2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 6 1.1 0.012 - 0.044 0.008 - 0.010 5 2

Lettuce (V-1) 527 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 10 5

Oranges 741 4 0.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 5

Pears 555 1 0.2 0.14 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 5 -

Plums 573 5 0.9 0.040 - 0.94 0.024 ^ 5 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 3 2.0 0.040 - 0.085 0.024 ^ 5 1

Strawberries 737 3 0.4 0.017 - 0.70 0.010 - 0.020 5 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.010 - 0.015 5 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.010 - 0.018 5 1

TOTAL 9,938 41

Appendix B. Page 14 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Dieldrin (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Aldrin)

Apples 743 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Cantaloupe 558 7 1.3 0.005 - 0.010 0.003 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.005 ^ 0.03 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL 0.1

Grapefruit 742 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.02 AL 0.05

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 0 0.0008 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.0008 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.05

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.02 AL 0.05

Oranges 741 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.02 AL 0.05

Pears 555 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.03 AL 0.05

Plums 573 0 0.005 ^ 0.3 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.005 ^ 0.3 AL -

Watermelon 182 1 0.5 0.005 ^ 0.003 - 0.005 0.1 AL 0.1

Winter Squash 731 48 6.6 0.005 - 0.17 0.003 - 0.018 0.1 AL 0.1

TOTAL 9,201 56

Difenoconazole (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.072 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.072 ^ NT -

TOTAL 978 0

Diflubenzuron (insecticide)

Apples (V-23) 469 23 4.9 0.011 - 0.14 0.007 ^ NT 5

Cauliflower 617 0 0.007 - 0.022 NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.007 ^ 0.5 0.5

Lettuce 497 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.007 - 0.010 0.5 0.5

Oranges 741 0 0.0007 - 0.010 0.5 0.5

Pears 161 1 0.6 0.036 ^ 0.007 ^ 0.50 5

TOTAL 3,443 24

Dimethenamid (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 914 0

Dimethoate (insecticide) (parent of Omethoate)

Apples 743 5 0.7 0.004 - 0.057 0.002 ^ 2 -

Cantaloupe 558 25 4.5 0.003 - 0.29 0.002 - 0.007 1 -

Cauliflower 741 42 5.7 0.004 - 0.026 0.002 ^ 2 2

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.003 2 2

Grapes 739 5 0.7 0.008 - 0.032 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Green Beans 181 18 9.9 0.003 - 2.0 0.002 - 0.005 2 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 7 1.3 0.003 - 0.040 0.002 - 0.005 2 -

Lettuce 743 76 10.2 0.003 - 0.11 0.002 ^ 2 2

Orange Juice 726 0 0.002 ^ 2 2

Oranges 741 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 2 2

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.005 2 1

Strawberries (V-1) 1 1 100.0 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 1 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,725 182

Dimethomorph (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 36 0 0.050 - 0.10 0.5 -

Appendix B. Page 15 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Cauliflower (V-2) 741 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ NT -

Eggplant 736 0 0.084 ^ 1.5 -

Grapes 216 0 0.050 ^ 3.5 -

Lettuce 743 212 28.5 0.003 - 4.2 0.002 - 0.10 10 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Watermelon 118 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

TOTAL 4,171 214

Dinotefuran (insecticide) 

Watermelon 59 0 0.0005 - 0.005 0.5 -

TOTAL 59 0

Diphenamid (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe (V-1) 396 1 0.3 0.030 ^ 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,285 1

Diphenylamine - DPA (fungicide)

Apples 743 616 82.9 0.005 - 2.9 0.003 - 0.010 10.0 10

Cantaloupe (V-4) 540 4 0.7 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 555 35 6.3 0.017 - 0.67 0.010 - 0.015 10 5

Watermelon 86 0 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,808 655

Disulfoton (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.75 0.5

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.75 0.2

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.75 0.5

Pears 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.007 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 4,643 0

Disulfoton sulfone (metabolite of Disulfoton)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.006 ^ 0.75 0.5

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.75 0.2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.75 0.2

Lettuce 743 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.75 0.5

Pears 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 16 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.009 ^ NT 0.5

TOTAL 4,643 0

Diuron (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.008 - 0.011 1 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.011 ^ 1 -

Grapes 216 0 0.011 ^ 1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 - 0.011 1 -

Oranges 741 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.012 1 -

Pears 161 0 0.011 ^ 1 -

TOTAL 4,087 1

Endosulfan I (insecticide)

Apples 733 17 2.3 0.008 - 0.31 0.003 - 0.006 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 558 4 0.7 0.005 - 0.008 0.003 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 725 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 20 2.7 0.007 - 0.049 0.004 ^ 2.0 -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 1

Green Beans 181 79 43.6 0.003 - 0.13 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 66 8.9 0.005 - 0.35 0.003 - 0.006 2.0 1

Orange Juice 546 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 525 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.5

Pears 555 2 0.4 0.016 - 0.017 0.002 - 0.005 2.0 1

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Strawberries 737 4 0.5 0.053 - 0.22 0.003 - 0.006 2.0 -

Watermelon 104 0 0.002 - 0.003 2.0 -

Winter Squash 731 10 1.4 0.005 - 0.027 0.003 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,894 202

Endosulfan II (isomer of Endosulfan)

Apples 743 22 3.0 0.010 - 0.14 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 741 0 0.006 - 0.020 2.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 63 8.6 0.007 - 0.071 0.004 ^ 2.0 -

Grapes 695 0 0.004 - 0.013 2.0 1

Green Beans 181 58 32.0 0.003 - 0.15 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.006 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 46 6.2 0.007 - 0.39 0.004 - 0.006 2.0 1

Orange Juice 546 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.5

Oranges 525 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.5

Pears 533 3 0.6 0.010 - 0.046 0.004 - 0.013 2.0 1

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 1

Strawberries 737 11 1.5 0.007 - 0.27 0.004 - 0.008 2.0 -

Watermelon 104 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 -

Winter Squash 731 5 0.7 0.007 - 0.012 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,854 208

Endosulfan sulfate (metabolite of Endosulfan)

Apples 743 11 1.5 0.007 - 0.12 0.004 - 0.020 2.0 1

Cantaloupe 558 159 28.5 0.007 - 0.094 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Cauliflower 741 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 87 11.8 0.010 - 0.083 0.006 ^ 2.0 -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 1

Green Beans 181 106 58.6 0.003 - 0.47 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Green Beans, Frozen 555 4 0.7 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

Lettuce 743 58 7.8 0.007 - 0.42 0.004 - 0.020 2.0 1

Orange Juice 546 0 0.006 - 0.007 NT 0.5

Appendix B. Page 17 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Oranges 525 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.5

Pears 555 9 1.6 0.006 - 0.052 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 1

Plums 573 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.006 ^ 2.0 1

Strawberries 737 14 1.9 0.007 - 0.050 0.004 - 0.008 2.0 -

Watermelon 104 1 1.0 0.006 ^ 0.004 ^ 2.0 -

Winter Squash 731 128 17.5 0.007 - 0.060 0.004 - 0.007 2.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,920 577

Endrin (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.040 0.05 AL 0.05

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 - 0.022 0.05 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.004 - 0.008 0.05 AL -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.05 AL 0.05

Winter Squash 731 0 0.004 - 0.040 0.05 AL 0.05

TOTAL 5,872 0

EPTC (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.064 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.064 ^ 0.1 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.016 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 513 0 0.064 ^ 0.1 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 3,571 0

Esfenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Fenvalerate)

Eggplant 736 0 0.054 ^ 0.05 -

Grapefruit 528 0 0.013 ^ 0.05 -

Plums (X-1) 573 1 0.2 0.10 ^ 0.060 ^ 0.05 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.060 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,990 1

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total (insecticide)

Apples 743 3 0.4 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.12 2.0 2

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.015 - 0.042 1.0 0.2

Cauliflower 727 0 0.029 - 0.12 0.5 2

Grapefruit 214 0 0.015 ^ 0.05 2

Grapes 739 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.038 0.05 1

Green Beans 181 7 3.9 0.025 - 0.064 0.015 - 0.050 2.0 1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 1 0.2 0.083 ^ 0.015 - 0.050 2.0 1

Lettuce 729 0 0.015 - 0.29 5.0 2

Orange Juice 744 0 0.015 - 0.051 0.05 2

Oranges 741 0 0.015 - 0.051 0.05 2

Pears 555 0 0.015 - 0.038 2.0 2

Strawberries 737 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.05 1

Watermelon 123 0 0.015 - 0.038 1.0 0.5

Winter Squash 731 0 0.015 - 0.042 1.0 0.5

TOTAL 8,077 12

Ethalfluralin (herbicide)

Apples 499 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.007 - 0.040 0.05 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.017 - 0.056 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.017 - 0.056 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 18 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Watermelon 118 0 0.007 - 0.015 0.05 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.007 - 0.040 0.05 -

TOTAL 4,227 0

Ethiofencarb (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,777 0

Ethion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 10 1.3 0.001 - 0.007 0.0007 - 0.002 5.0 -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 - 0.005 5.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 - 0.005 5.0 -

Pears (V-1) 394 1 0.3 0.13 ^ 0.005 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,440 11

Ethion di oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.003 5.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 - 0.005 5.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.003 - 0.005 5.0 -

TOTAL 2,227 0

Ethion mono oxon (metabolite of Ethion)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.0007 - 0.002 5.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 5.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 5.0 -

TOTAL 4,023 0

Ethoprop (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT 0.02

Green Beans 54 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Green Beans, Frozen 160 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0009 ^ NT 0.02

Orange Juice 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,236 0

Etoxazole (acaricide) 

Apples 132 7 5.3 0.0002 - 0.035 0.0001 ^ 0.20 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0001 ^ NT -

Lettuce 117 0 0.0001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 465 7

Appendix B. Page 19 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Etridiazole (fungicide)

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Strawberries 521 0 0.006 ^ 0.20 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,024 0

Famoxadone (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.13 ^ 0.30 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.051 ^ 4.0 -

Watermelon 118 0 0.002 - 0.030 0.3 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.13 ^ 0.30 -

TOTAL 1,768 0

Fenamidone (fungicide)

Watermelon 118 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.15 -

TOTAL 118 0

Fenamiphos (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.25 0.05

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.006 ^ NT 0.05

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Eggplant 736 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.60 -

Grapes 739 0 0.001 - 0.004 0.10 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 741 0 0.004 ^ 0.60 -

Pears 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Strawberries 216 0 0.004 ^ 0.6 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,823 0

Fenamiphos sulfone (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.25 0.05

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.024 ^ NT 0.05

Eggplant 736 0 0.016 ^ 0.1 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.008 ^ 0.60 -

Grapes 739 0 0.001 - 0.008 0.10 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.008 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 741 0 0.008 ^ 0.60 -

Pears 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Strawberries 216 0 0.008 ^ 0.6 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.024 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,554 0

Fenamiphos sulfoxide (metabolite of Fenamiphos)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.25 0.05

Eggplant 736 0 0.044 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 523 9 1.7 0.001 - 0.002 0.001 ^ 0.10 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.004 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.012 ^ 0.60 -

Oranges 525 0 0.012 ^ 0.60 -

Appendix B. Page 20 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pears 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,825 9

Fenarimol (fungicide)

Apples 743 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.1 0.3

Cauliflower 741 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.025 0.2 0.3

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.015 - 0.025 0.1 0.3

Watermelon 64 0 0.025 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,369 1

Fenbuconazole (fungicide)

Apples 395 0 0.0009 ^ NT 0.1

Cauliflower (V-4) 604 4 0.7 0.002 - 0.004 0.0009 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 26 3.5 0.0007 - 0.001 0.0004 - 0.030 0.5 -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT 10

Lettuce (V-1) 440 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.0009 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 546 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT 0.1

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,233 31

Fenhexamid (fungicide)

Plums 573 9 1.6 0.032 - 0.10 0.019 ^ 1.5 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.019 ^ 1.5 -

Strawberries 517 165 31.9 0.036 - 1.9 0.035 ^ 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,243 174

Fenitrothion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Fenpropathrin (insecticide)

Apples 743 56 7.5 0.026 - 0.25 0.016 - 0.020 5.0 5

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.5 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.016 ^ 3.0 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.022 ^ NT 0.2

Grapefruit 742 0 0.007 - 0.020 2.0 -

Grapes 739 13 1.8 0.019 - 0.56 0.015 - 0.020 5.0 5

Lettuce 527 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.020 ^ 2.0 -

Pears 555 7 1.3 0.033 - 0.14 0.015 - 0.020 5.0 5

Strawberries 737 87 11.8 0.010 - 0.59 0.006 - 0.020 2.0 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.015 - 0.020 0.5 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.016 - 0.020 0.5 -

TOTAL 8,476 163

Fenpyroximate (acaricide)

Apples 132 7 5.3 0.003 - 0.042 0.0006 ^ 0.40 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 103 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 451 7

Fenthion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 21 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,777 0

Fenvalerate (insecticide) (isomer of Esfenvalerate)

Watermelon 59 0 0.030 ^ 1.0 0.5

TOTAL 59 0

Fluazifop butyl (herbicide) 

Apples 132 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 103 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 451 0

Fludioxonil (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.012 - 0.040 5.0 -

Cantaloupe 414 0 0.020 - 0.036 0.03 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.012 - 0.27 2.0 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.13 ^ 0.01 -

Grapes 739 101 13.7 0.011 - 0.50 0.010 - 0.020 1.0 2

Green Beans 181 0 0.015 - 0.050 0.4 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.015 - 0.050 0.4 -

Lettuce 725 0 0.012 - 0.080 30 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Oranges 525 0 0.015 ^ 10 -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ 5.0 -

Plums 573 118 20.6 0.18 - 1.0 0.11 ^ 5.0 5

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.11 ^ 5.0 5

Strawberries 216 48 22.2 0.025 - 0.46 0.015 - 0.020 2.0 3

Watermelon 182 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.03 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.036 ^ 0.01 -

TOTAL 7,708 267

Flumioxazin (herbicide) 

Eggplant 736 0 0.050 ^ NT -

TOTAL 736 0

Fluridone (herbicide)

Apples 215 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 540 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

Grapefruit 499 0 0.004 - 0.050 0.1 -

Grapes 216 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.035 - 0.15 0.1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.035 - 0.15 0.1 -

Lettuce 198 0 0.035 - 0.070 0.1 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.035 - 0.036 0.1 -

Oranges 741 0 0.035 - 0.036 0.1 -

Pears 161 0 0.035 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 733 0 0.0003 - 0.035 0.1 -

Watermelon 118 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

Winter Squash 713 0 0.016 - 0.035 0.1 -

TOTAL 5,614 0

Folpet (fungicide)

Apples 215 0 0.015 - 0.017 25 -

Cantaloupe 206 0 0.015 - 0.066 15 3

Grapes 739 16 2.2 0.025 - 0.14 0.015 - 0.017 25 2

Lettuce 216 0 0.015 - 0.017 50 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 22 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Strawberries 737 1 0.1 0.12 ^ 0.015 - 0.017 25 20

Watermelon 182 0 0.008 - 0.015 15 -

Winter Squash 27 0 0.066 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,769 17

Fonofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,513 0

Forchlorfenuron (plant growth regulator)

Apples 441 0 0.0001 ^ 0.01 -

Cauliflower 124 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 191 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 756 0

Halosulfuron methyl (herbicide) 

Watermelon 59 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 59 0

Heptachlor (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ 0.03 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.01

Grapes 523 0 0.0008 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 127 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.01

Oranges 741 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.05 AL 0.01

Pears 555 0 0.0008 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.0008 - 0.003 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 8,772 0

Heptachlor epoxide (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.004 ^ 0.05 AL -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ 0.05 AL -

Green Beans 181 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.001 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL 10

Oranges 741 0 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL 10

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 AL -

Winter Squash 731 7 1.0 0.006 - 0.059 0.004 - 0.006 0.05 AL -

TOTAL 7,524 7

Appendix B. Page 23 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Heptachlor epoxide cis (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,462 0

Heptachlor epoxide trans (metabolite of Heptachlor)

Eggplant 736 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,462 0

Hexachlorobenzene - HCB (impurity of Quintozene)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 523 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.0008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,427 0

Hexaconazole (fungicide)

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,117 0

Hydroprene (insect growth regulator) 

Apples 528 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

Watermelon 59 0 0.010 ^ 0.2 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.013 ^ 0.2 -

TOTAL 2,769 0

3-Hydroxycarbofuran (metabolite of Carbofuran)

Apples 528 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 1 0.2 0.067 ^ 0.004 - 0.012 0.2 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.2 -

Green Beans 126 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries 733 0 0.004 - 0.007 0.2 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.010 0.4 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.004 - 0.012 0.6 -

TOTAL 6,707 1

5-Hydroxythiabendazole (metabolite of Thiabendazole)

Orange Juice 132 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Oranges 87 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Strawberries 521 0 0.002 ^ 5.0 -

TOTAL 740 0

Appendix B. Page 24 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Imazalil (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 - 0.13 NT 5

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.030 ^ NT 2

Cauliflower 741 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 365 49.2 0.045 - 0.55 0.030 - 0.045 10.0 5

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 512 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 11 1.5 0.050 - 0.25 0.030 ^ 10.0 5

Oranges 741 550 74.2 0.050 - 0.79 0.030 ^ 10.0 5

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT 5

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.030 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,903 926

Imidacloprid (insecticide)

Apples 743 198 26.6 0.0002 - 0.015 0.0001 - 0.009 0.6 0.5

Cantaloupe 162 8 4.9 0.015 ^ 0.009 ^ 0.5 0.2

Cauliflower 741 629 84.9 0.0002 - 0.047 0.0001 - 0.0002 3.5 0.5

Grapefruit 719 0 0.009 - 0.014 0.7 1

Grapes 739 134 18.1 0.010 - 0.47 0.009 - 0.010 1.0 1

Lettuce 743 543 73.1 0.0002 - 0.19 0.0001 - 0.009 3.5 2

Orange Juice 744 0 0.009 - 0.010 0.7 1

Oranges 741 2 0.3 0.015 - 0.095 0.009 - 0.010 0.7 1

Pears 555 22 4.0 0.010 - 0.098 0.009 - 0.010 0.6 1

Strawberries 733 9 1.2 0.015 - 0.27 0.009 - 0.033 0.50 -

Watermelon 123 15 12.2 0.010 - 0.18 0.009 - 0.010 0.50 0.2

Winter Squash 213 7 3.3 0.015 ^ 0.009 ^ 0.5 1

TOTAL 6,956 1,567

Indoxacarb (insecticide)

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ 0.20 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Iprodione (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.008 ^ NT 5

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.008 - 0.028 NT -

Grapes 739 119 16.1 0.025 - 1.6 0.015 - 0.023 60.0 10

Green Beans 181 11 6.1 0.025 - 0.39 0.015 - 0.021 2.0 2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 10 1.8 0.025 - 0.22 0.015 - 0.021 2.0 2

Lettuce 743 14 1.9 0.014 - 1.2 0.008 - 0.056 25.0 25

Pears (V-6) 395 6 1.5 0.038 - 0.39 0.021 - 0.023 NT 5

Plums 573 227 39.6 0.065 - 7.1 0.039 ^ 20.0 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.039 ^ 20.0 -

Strawberries 737 13 1.8 0.035 - 2.5 0.015 - 0.029 15 10

Watermelon 86 0 0.015 - 0.023 NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,345 400

Iprodione metabolite isomer (metabolite of Iprodione)

Apples 513 0 0.098 - 1.4 NT -

Cauliflower 711 0 0.098 - 0.66 NT -

Lettuce 469 1 0.2 0.16 ^ 0.098 - 1.4 25.0 -

Strawberries 521 0 0.062 ^ 15 -

TOTAL 2,214 1

Kresoxim-methyl (fungicide)

Apples 292 0 0.003 ^ 0.5 0.2

Cauliflower 170 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 338 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 800 0

Appendix B. Page 25 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lindane - BHC gamma (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 1 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ 1 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.005 ^ 1 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.002 - 0.005 0.5 AL -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 AL -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.002 0.5 AL -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 3 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 AL -

Pears 555 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Plums 573 0 0.004 ^ 1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 1 -

Strawberries 216 0 0.002 ^ 1 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 ^ 3 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.002 - 0.006 3 -

TOTAL 9,633 1

Linuron (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-2) 527 2 0.4 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,283 2

Malathion (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.003 - 0.004 8 2

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.004 - 0.007 8 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ 8 -

Eggplant 736 2 0.3 0.013 - 0.041 0.008 ^ 8 -

Grapefruit 742 1 0.1 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.004 8 4

Grapes 739 0 0.004 ^ 8 8

Green Beans 181 0 0.004 - 0.008 8 1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.004 - 0.008 8 1

Lettuce 743 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.003 - 0.004 8 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 ^ 8 4

Oranges 741 0 0.004 ^ 8 4

Pears 555 0 0.004 ^ 8 -

Plums 573 0 0.008 ^ 8 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.008 ^ 8 -

Strawberries 737 117 15.9 0.001 - 0.28 0.0007 - 0.004 8 1

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.006 8 -

Winter Squash 731 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 - 0.007 8 -

TOTAL 10,154 122

Malathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Malathion)

Apples 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.003 - 0.007 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Eggplant 736 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Grapefruit (V-5) 742 5 0.7 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.003 NT -

Grapes 739 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.003 - 0.005 NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 26 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Oranges 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Plums 573 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.019 ^ NT -

Strawberries (V-16) 737 16 2.2 0.002 - 0.030 0.0009 - 0.003 NT -

Watermelon 182 0 0.003 - 0.006 NT -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.003 - 0.007 NT -

TOTAL 10,154 21

Metalaxyl (fungicide)

Apples 700 0 0.006 - 0.040 0.2 1

Cantaloupe 558 11 2.0 0.014 - 0.017 0.008 - 0.010 1.0 0.2

Cauliflower 710 2 0.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 - 0.083 1.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 - 0.040 1.0 5

Grapes 739 12 1.6 0.041 - 0.39 0.010 - 0.015 2.0 1

Green Beans 181 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.2 -

Lettuce 743 11 1.5 0.010 - 0.13 0.006 - 0.083 5.0 2

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 5

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 5

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT 1

Plums 573 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Strawberries 737 48 6.5 0.017 - 0.35 0.010 - 0.019 10.0 -

Watermelon 182 1 0.5 0.017 ^ 0.008 - 0.015 1.0 0.2

Winter Squash 731 7 1.0 0.014 - 0.10 0.008 - 0.010 1.0 0.2

TOTAL 9,919 92

Methamidophos (insecticide) (also a metabolite of Acephate)

Apples 743 0 0.001 - 0.002 0.02 -

Cantaloupe 558 5 0.9 0.003 - 0.023 0.002 - 0.004 0.5 -

Eggplant 736 49 6.7 0.007 - 0.37 0.004 ^ 1.0 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Grapes 524 1 0.2 0.003 ^ 0.002 - 0.008 0.02 -

Green Beans 181 45 24.9 0.003 - 1.0 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 141 25.4 0.003 - 0.27 0.002 - 0.005 1 -

Lettuce 743 20 2.7 0.002 - 0.026 0.001 - 0.002 1.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Oranges 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Pears 555 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.02 -

Plums 573 2 0.3 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.004 ^ 0.02 -

Strawberries 216 1 0.5 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 0.02 -

Watermelon 182 2 1.1 0.006 - 0.069 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 -

Winter Squash (X-3) 731 8 1.1 0.003 - 0.17 0.002 - 0.004 0.02 -

TOTAL 8,149 274

Methidathion (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.004 0.05 0.5

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.004 ^ 2.0 2

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 1 0.1 0.008 ^ 0.004 - 0.005 2.0 2

Oranges 741 8 1.1 0.007 - 0.032 0.004 - 0.005 2.0 2

Pears 555 1 0.2 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 0.05 1

Plums 573 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 0.2

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.003 ^ 0.05 0.2

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,492 10

Appendix B. Page 27 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Methiocarb (insecticide) (analyzed as sulfoxide)

Apples 513 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower (V-1) 711 1 0.1 0.001 ^ 0.0006 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 512 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,239 1

Methomyl (insecticide)

Apples 743 4 0.5 0.002 - 0.028 0.001 - 0.014 1 2

Cantaloupe 558 88 15.8 0.020 - 0.14 0.012 - 0.014 0.2 0.2

Cauliflower 741 14 1.9 0.002 - 0.041 0.001 ^ 2 2

Eggplant 736 22 3.0 0.020 - 0.22 0.012 ^ 0.2 -

Grapefruit 719 0 0.014 ^ 2 1

Grapes 739 42 5.7 0.010 - 0.80 0.010 - 0.014 5 5

Green Beans 181 7 3.9 0.025 - 0.34 0.014 - 0.015 2 1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 8 1.4 0.023 - 0.20 0.014 - 0.015 2 1

Lettuce 743 100 13.5 0.002 - 2.2 0.001 - 0.014 5 5

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 - 0.014 2 1

Oranges 741 0 0.010 - 0.014 2 1

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.014 4 2

Strawberries 216 36 16.7 0.023 - 1.9 0.014 ^ 2 -

Watermelon 182 16 8.8 0.007 - 0.11 0.004 - 0.014 0.2 0.2

Winter Squash 731 0 0.012 - 0.014 0.2 0.1

TOTAL 8,884 337

Methoprene (insect growth regulator)

Apples 528 0 0.014 - 0.048 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.048 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.014 - 0.096 NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Methoxychlor Total (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,318 0

Methoxychlor olefin (metabolite of Methoxychlor)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 727 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,782 0

Methoxychlor p,p' (isomer of Methoxychlor)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 54 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 160 0 0.010 - 0.020 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,162 0

Appendix B. Page 28 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Methoxyfenozide (insecticide) 

Watermelon 59 0 0.001 ^ 0.3 -

TOTAL 59 0

Metolachlor (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.3 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.008 - 0.010 0.3 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Plums 573 0 0.023 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.023 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,206 0

Metribuzin (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.013 - 0.044 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.013 - 0.044 NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,744 0

Mevinphos Total (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.002 - 0.012 0.5 -

Grapes 739 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 ^ 0.5 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Strawberries 737 2 0.3 0.001 ^ 0.0006 - 0.002 1.0 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.002 - 0.008 0.5 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,974 2

Monocrotophos (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.007 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,895 0

Myclobutanil (fungicide)

Apples 728 33 4.5 0.002 - 0.020 0.0009 - 0.020 0.5 0.5

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.020 0.20 -

Cauliflower 711 0 0.0009 ^ 0.03 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.040 ^ 0.03 -

Appendix B. Page 29 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 739 117 15.8 0.033 - 0.35 0.020 - 0.023 1.0 1

Green Beans 181 17 9.4 0.025 - 0.18 0.015 - 0.020 1.0 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 10 1.8 0.025 - 0.033 0.015 - 0.020 1.0 -

Lettuce 728 0 0.0009 - 0.020 0.03 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Plums 573 0 0.033 ^ 2.0 0.2

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.033 ^ 2.0 0.2

Strawberries (X-2) 737 256 34.7 0.002 - 0.69 0.001 - 0.020 0.50 1

Watermelon 182 0 0.020 - 0.023 0.20 -

Winter Squash 731 2 0.3 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.020 0.20 -

TOTAL 8,759 435

Napropamide (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.007 - 0.020 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 558 1 0.2 0.067 ^ 0.020 - 0.040 0.1 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 ^ 0.1 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.033 ^ 0.1 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 741 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 161 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Plums 573 0 0.033 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.033 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 118 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.020 - 0.040 0.1 -

TOTAL 7,268 1

Naptalam (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 88 0 0.24 ^ 0.1 -

Winter Squash 60 0 0.24 ^ NT -

TOTAL 148 0

1-Naphthal (metabolite of Carbaryl)

Apples ( V-2) 54 2 3.7 0.017 - 0.11 0.010 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 523 3 0.6 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.16 10 -

Grapefruit 196 1 0.5 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 -

Grapes 198 11 5.6 0.017 - 0.25 0.010 ^ 10 -

Green Beans 54 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Green Beans, Frozen 142 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Lettuce 180 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Orange Juice 198 0 0.010 ^ 10 -

Oranges 198 2 1.0 0.017 - 0.083 0.010 ^ 10 -

Pears (V-10) 90 10 11.1 0.017 - 0.24 0.010 ^ NT -

Strawberries 180 3 1.7 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 10 -

Watermelon 105 0 0.010 - 0.018 10 -

Winter Squash 678 0 0.010 - 0.16 10 -

TOTAL 2,796 32

Nitrapyrin (bactericide)

Cantaloupe 44 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 43 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 87 0

Norflurazon (herbicide)

Apples 685 0 0.005 - 0.032 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 404 0 0.016 - 0.11 NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Grapes 739 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.1 -

Lettuce 440 0 0.005 - 0.11 NT -

Appendix B. Page 30 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Orange Juice 744 0 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Oranges 741 0 0.020 ^ 0.2 -

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.020 0.1 -

Plums 573 0 0.053 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.053 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,226 0

Norflurazon desmethyl (metabolite of Norflurazon)

Apples 743 0 0.030 - 0.060 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 44 0 0.021 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.060 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.030 - 0.050 0.2 -

Grapes 739 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.018 - 0.12 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.030 ^ 0.2 -

Oranges 741 0 0.030 ^ 0.2 -

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.1 -

Plums 573 0 0.041 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.041 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 43 0 0.021 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,881 0

Omethoate (insecticide) (also metabolite of Dimethoate)

Apples 743 5 0.7 0.004 - 0.037 0.002 - 0.004 2 -

Cantaloupe 558 13 2.3 0.007 - 0.062 0.004 - 0.018 1 -

Cauliflower 725 12 1.7 0.004 - 0.013 0.002 ^ 2 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.004 ^ 2 -

Grapes 739 6 0.8 0.012 - 0.050 0.004 - 0.008 1 -

Green Beans 181 18 9.9 0.007 - 0.13 0.004 - 0.005 2 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 5 0.9 0.008 - 0.031 0.004 - 0.005 2 -

Lettuce 743 64 8.6 0.004 - 0.077 0.002 - 0.004 2 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.004 ^ 2 -

Oranges 741 1 0.1 0.007 ^ 0.004 ^ 2 -

Pears 555 1 0.2 0.012 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 2 -

Watermelon 182 5 2.7 0.007 - 0.013 0.004 - 0.008 1 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,198 130

Oryzalin (herbicide)

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 394 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.020 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Oxadixyl (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.015 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.013 ^ NT -

Lettuce 728 0 0.013 - 0.015 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 519 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.008 - 0.015 0.1 -

TOTAL 4,127 1

Oxamyl (insecticide)

Apples 743 2 0.3 0.006 - 0.022 0.0003 - 0.008 2 2

Cantaloupe 558 4 0.7 0.013 - 0.062 0.008 ^ 2.0 2

Cauliflower 711 0 0.0003 - 0.0009 NT -

Eggplant 736 12 1.6 0.025 - 0.16 0.015 ^ 2.0 -

Grapefruit 719 0 0.004 - 0.008 3 5

Appendix B. Page 31 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans (V-1) 126 1 0.8 0.10 ^ 0.020 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.0003 - 0.003 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.008 - 0.010 3 5

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Pears 555 0 0.008 - 0.010 2.0 -

Watermelon 182 6 3.3 0.022 - 0.16 0.004 - 0.010 2 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.008 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 7,991 25

Oxamyl oxime (metabolite of Oxamyl)

Apples 215 0 0.010 ^ 2 2

Cantaloupe 148 8 5.4 0.017 - 0.16 0.010 ^ 2.0 2

Grapefruit 683 0 0.010 - 0.014 3 5

Grapes 523 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 672 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ 3 5

Pears 555 0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

Watermelon 123 13 10.6 0.014 - 0.24 0.010 ^ 2 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.010 ^ 2.0 -

TOTAL 3,657 21

Oxychlordane (metabolite of Chlordane)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.008 NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Oxydemeton methyl (insecticide)

Grapefruit 220 0 0.020 ^ 1 -

Strawberries 521 0 0.015 ^ 2 -

TOTAL 741 0

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone (metabolite of Oxydemeton methyl)

Apples 743 0 0.009 - 0.015 1 -

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

Eggplant 736 1 0.1 0.047 ^ 0.028 ^ 1 -

Grapefruit 720 0 0.005 - 0.015 1 -

Grapes 739 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.1 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.009 - 0.015 2 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.015 ^ 1 -

Oranges 741 0 0.015 ^ 1 -

Pears 555 0 0.015 - 0.023 0.3 -

Plums 573 0 0.028 ^ 1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.028 ^ 1 -

Strawberries 737 0 0.002 - 0.015 2 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.012 - 0.023 0.3 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 -

TOTAL 8,477 1

Oxyfluorfen (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.010 - 0.030 0.05 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Grapes 739 0 0.025 - 0.030 0.05 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 - 0.019 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.025 - 0.030 0.05 -

Plums 573 0 0.032 ^ 0.05 -

Appendix B. Page 32 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.032 ^ 0.05 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.025 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,148 0

Parathion (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,266 0

Parathion methyl (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.2

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT 0.5

Green Beans 127 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,213 0

Parathion methyl oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion methyl)

Apples 528 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Parathion oxygen analog (metabolite of Parathion)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,763 0

Pendimethalin (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.015 - 0.020 NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.015 - 0.020 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash (V-2) 518 2 0.4 0.027 ^ 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,684 2

Pentachloroaniline - PCA (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 ^ 0.1 -

Appendix B. Page 33 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce (V-1) 527 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,299 1

Pentachlorobenzene - PCB (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.006 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 163 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,249 0

Pentachlorophenyl methyl sulfide (metabolite of Quintozene)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.001 - 0.005 0.1 -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Green Beans 125 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.010 ^ 0.1 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,297 0

Permethrin Total (insecticide)

Cantaloupe 396 1 0.3 0.048 ^ 0.029 ^ 3.0 0.1

Grapes 523 0 0.038 ^ NT 2

Green Beans 126 0 0.075 ^ NT 1

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.075 ^ NT 1

Pears 394 0 0.038 ^ 3.0 2

Watermelon 123 0 0.030 - 0.038 3.0 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.029 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 2,475 1

Permethrin cis (isomer of Permethrin)

Apples 743 1 0.1 0.025 ^ 0.002 - 0.012 0.05 2

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 1.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 4 0.5 0.022 - 0.045 0.013 ^ 1.0 1

Lettuce 743 146 19.7 0.004 - 1.7 0.002 - 0.012 20.0 2

Orange Juice (V-1) 529 1 0.2 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 NT 0.5

Oranges 525 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Pears 161 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 2

Watermelon 59 0 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 -

Winter Squash 213 3 1.4 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 4,612 155

Permethrin trans (isomer of Permethrin)

Apples 743 1 0.1 0.037 ^ 0.002 - 0.012 0.05 2

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 1.0 0.5

Eggplant 736 6 0.8 0.022 - 0.046 0.013 ^ 1.0 1

Lettuce 743 131 17.6 0.004 - 2.2 0.002 - 0.012 20.0 2

Orange Juice (V-1) 529 1 0.2 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 NT 0.5

Oranges 525 0 0.015 ^ NT 0.5

Appendix B. Page 34 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pears 161 0 0.012 ^ 3.0 2

Watermelon 59 0 0.012 - 0.015 3.0 -

Winter Squash 213 2 0.9 0.020 - 0.046 0.012 ^ 3.0 0.5

TOTAL 4,612 141

Phenmedipham (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.097 ^ NT -

Winter Squash (V-4) 518 4 0.8 0.16 ^ 0.097 ^ NT -

TOTAL 914 4

Phenothrin (insecticide)

Grapes 523 0 0.075 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.075 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.075 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Phenthoate (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

o-Phenylphenol (fungicide)

Apples 743 49 6.6 0.005 - 0.53 0.003 - 0.010 25 -

Cantaloupe 558 34 6.1 0.014 - 0.24 0.008 - 0.010 10 -

Cauliflower (V-1) 741 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ NT -

Eggplant (V-1) 1 1 100.0 0.057 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 75 10.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.076 10 10

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans (V-31) 51 31 60.8 0.017 - 0.020 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Froz. (V-68) 68 68 100.0 0.017 - 0.095 0.010 ^ NT -

Lettuce (V-80) 639 80 12.5 0.017 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 NT -

Orange Juice 744 387 52.0 0.017 - 0.096 0.010 ^ 10 0.5

Oranges 741 254 34.3 0.017 - 0.084 0.010 ^ 10 10

Pears 555 76 13.7 0.015 - 13 0.010 - 0.015 25.0 20

Plums 573 8 1.4 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 20 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.010 ^ 20 -

Strawberries (V-3) 3 3 100.0 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ NT -

Watermelon (V-28) 123 28 22.8 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 NT -

Winter Squash (V-128) 689 128 18.6 0.014 - 0.035 0.008 - 0.010 NT -

TOTAL 7,647 1,223

Phorate (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.003 - 0.011 0.1 0.1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,686 0

Phorate oxygen analog (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,055 0

Phorate sulfone (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 35 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 523 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.004 - 0.005 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,427 0

Phorate sulfoxide (metabolite of Phorate)

Apples 528 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.009 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.009 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Phosalone (insecticide)

Apples 743 1 0.1 0.020 ^ 0.002 - 0.006 10.0 2

Grapes 739 0 0.006 - 0.015 10.0 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.030 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.006 - 0.015 10.0 2

Plums 573 0 0.039 ^ 15.0 2

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.039 ^ 15.0 2

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,876 1

Phosmet (insecticide)

Apples 743 144 19.4 0.008 - 0.28 0.005 ^ 10 10

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.012 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.005 ^ 5 5

Grapes 739 16 2.2 0.008 - 1.7 0.005 - 0.008 10 10

Green Beans 127 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.017 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.005 ^ 5 5

Oranges 741 0 0.005 ^ 5 5

Pears 555 82 14.8 0.008 - 0.86 0.005 - 0.008 10 10

Plums 573 111 19.4 0.005 - 0.58 0.003 ^ 5 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.003 ^ 5 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.012 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,489 353

Phosphamidon (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.029 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.033 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.029 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,213 0

Piperonyl butoxide (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.005 - 0.016 8 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.010 8 1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.005 ^ EX -

Eggplant 736 0 0.012 ^ EX -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.010 ^ EX 5

Appendix B. Page 36 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Grapes 739 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Lettuce 743 2 0.3 0.021 - 0.025 0.005 - 0.010 EX 50

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 8 0.05

Oranges 741 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 8 5

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.015 8 -

Plums 573 0 0.012 ^ 8 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 5 3.3 0.020 ^ 0.012 ^ 8 -

Watermelon 86 0 0.010 - 0.015 EX 1

Winter Squash 731 2 0.3 0.092 - 0.22 0.008 - 0.016 EX 1

TOTAL 8,793 10

Pirimicarb (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 ^ NT 1

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,860 0

Pirimiphos methyl (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,213 0

Prallethrin (insecticide)

Apples 215 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.010 - 0.024 1.0 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.028 ^ 1.0 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 - 0.064 1.0 -

Grapes 216 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Lettuce 216 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Pears 161 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Plums 573 0 0.028 ^ 1.0 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.028 ^ 1.0 -

Strawberries 737 0 0.010 - 0.082 1.0 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.010 ^ 1.0 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.010 - 0.024 1.0 -

TOTAL 6,705 0

Prochloraz (fungicide)

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,503 0

Procymidone (fungicide)

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT 5

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT 1

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Appendix B. Page 37 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Profenofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.011 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.011 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,777 0

Prometryn (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.049 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.007 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.007 - 0.022 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.049 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,763 0

Pronamide (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.006 - 0.083 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 0 0.007 - 0.008 0.1 -

Green Beans 126 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 743 4 0.5 0.010 - 0.053 0.006 - 0.008 1.0 -

Pears 555 0 0.007 - 0.008 0.1 -

Plums 573 0 0.014 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.014 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,746 4

Propamocarb hydrochloride (fungicide) 

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ 1.5 -

TOTAL 64 0

Propargite (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.026 - 0.088 NT 3

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.020 - 0.030 5 3

Grapes 739 0 0.015 - 0.020 10 7

Lettuce 527 0 0.026 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.020 ^ 5 0.3

Oranges 741 0 0.020 ^ 5 3

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT 5

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 6,134 0

Propetamphos (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Grapes 739 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.002 - 0.003 0.1 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Oranges 741 0 0.003 ^ 0.1 -

Pears 555 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.1 -

Appendix B. Page 38 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Plums 573 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.008 ^ 0.1 -

Strawberries 737 0 0.0006 - 0.003 0.1 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.003 - 0.006 0.1 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.003 - 0.008 0.1 -

TOTAL 8,154 0

Propham (herbicide) 

Watermelon 59 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 59 0

Propiconazole (fungicide)

Apples 410 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 572 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 469 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.036 ^ NT -

Plums 573 2 0.3 0.060 - 0.12 0.036 ^ 1.0 1

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 1 0.7 0.26 ^ 0.036 ^ 1.0 1

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,208 3

Propoxur (insecticide) 

Grapes 175 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Green Beans 83 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 218 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 476 0

Pymetrozine (insecticide)

Cauliflower 648 0 0.005 ^ 0.5 -

Lettuce 469 1 0.2 0.033 ^ 0.005 ^ 0.6 -

TOTAL 1,117 1

Pyraclostrobin (fungicide) 

Apples 132 7 5.3 0.002 - 0.016 0.001 ^ 1.5 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.001 ^ 5.0 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.030 ^ 1.4 -

Grapefruit 528 40 7.6 0.0003 - 0.003 0.0003 ^ 2.0 -

Lettuce 132 1 0.8 0.005 ^ 0.001 ^ 29.0 -

Watermelon 123 0 0.001 - 0.003 0.5 -

TOTAL 1,867 48

Pyridaben (insecticide, acaricide)

Apples 215 0 0.015 ^ 0.5 -

Grapefruit 742 5 0.7 0.001 - 0.002 0.001 - 0.015 0.5 -

Grapes 216 1 0.5 0.025 ^ 0.015 ^ 1.5 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Oranges 741 0 0.010 - 0.015 0.5 -

Pears 161 0 0.015 ^ 0.75 -

Plums 573 0 0.041 ^ 2.5 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.041 ^ 2.5 -

TOTAL 3,545 6

Pyrimethanil (fungicide) 

Apples 132 6 4.5 0.0005 - 0.76 0.0003 ^ 3.0 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 132 0 0.0003 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 544 6

Appendix B. Page 39 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Pyriproxyfen (insecticide, growth regulator)

Apples 743 1 0.1 0.022 ^ 0.005 - 0.013 0.2 -

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.005 ^ 0.10 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.013 ^ 0.70 -

Eggplant 736 0 0.012 ^ 0.2 -

Grapefruit 258 0 0.005 - 0.045 0.3 0.5

Grapes 739 0 0.005 - 0.015 0.10 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.005 - 0.030 0.10 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.005 - 0.030 0.10 -

Lettuce 743 0 0.005 - 0.013 0.10 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.3 0.5

Oranges 741 0 0.005 - 0.008 0.3 0.5

Pears 555 0 0.005 - 0.015 0.2 -

Plums 573 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.012 ^ 1.0 -

Strawberries 216 4 1.9 0.008 - 0.079 0.005 ^ 0.30 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.015 0.10 -

Winter Squash 213 0 0.005 - 0.009 0.10 -

TOTAL 8,235 5

Quinoxyfen (fungicide)

Watermelon 118 0 0.0005 - 0.004 0.30 -

TOTAL 118 0

Quintozene - PCNB (fungicide) (parent of HCB, PCA and PCB)

Apples 454 0 0.010 - 0.064 NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.004 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 576 0 0.003 - 0.040 0.1 -

Grapes 523 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans 181 12 6.6 0.001 ^ 0.0008 - 0.003 0.1 0.1

Green Beans, Frozen 555 2 0.4 0.001 - 0.012 0.0008 - 0.003 0.1 0.1

Lettuce 513 0 0.003 - 0.040 NT -

Pears 394 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,174 14

Resmethrin (insecticide)

Apples 215 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.010 - 0.015 3.0 -

Grapes 674 0 0.010 - 0.075 3.0 -

Lettuce 435 0 0.007 - 0.010 3.0 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Oranges 741 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Pears 533 0 0.010 - 0.030 3.0 -

Strawberries 216 0 0.010 ^ 3.0 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.010 - 0.030 3.0 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.010 - 0.032 3.0 -

TOTAL 5,771 0

Resmethrin cis (isomer of Resmethrin)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.016 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Resmethrin trans (isomer of Resmethrin)

Apples 528 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 - 0.008 3.0 -

TOTAL 1,780 0

Appendix B. Page 40 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Sethoxydim (herbicide) 

Cantaloupe 308 0 0.13 ^ 4.0 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.001 ^ 5.0 -

Lettuce 132 0 0.001 ^ 4.0 -

Watermelon 59 0 0.050 ^ 4.0 -

Winter Squash 276 0 0.13 ^ 4.0 -

TOTAL 991 0

Simazine (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.002 - 0.010 0.25 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 214 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Grapes 739 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.25 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Oranges 741 1 0.1 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Pears 555 0 0.010 - 0.011 0.25 -

Plums 573 0 0.036 ^ 0.25 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.036 ^ 0.25 -

Strawberries 216 0 0.010 ^ 0.25 -

Watermelon 86 0 0.010 - 0.011 NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 7,468 1

Spinosad (insecticide) (spinosyns A and D)

Watermelon 59 0 0.003 - 0.004 0.3 0.2

TOTAL 59 0

Spinosad A (insecticide)

Strawberries 429 26 6.1 0.035 - 0.13 0.021 ^ 1.0 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ 0.3 0.2

TOTAL 493 26

Spinosad D (insecticide)

Strawberries 429 8 1.9 0.033 - 0.089 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ 0.3 0.2

TOTAL 493 8

Spirodiclofen (acaricide) 

Watermelon 64 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 64 0

Spiromesifen (insecticide) 

Watermelon 64 0 0.002 ^ 0.1 -

TOTAL 64 0

Sulfentrazone (herbicide) 

Strawberries 517 0 0.020 ^ 0.60 -

TOTAL 517 0

Sulprofos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Appendix B. Page 41 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Tebuconazole (fungicide)

Apples 513 0 0.002 ^ NT 0.5

Cauliflower 725 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 48 6.5 0.033 - 0.30 0.020 - 0.077 5.0 2

Green Beans 127 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.045 ^ NT -

Lettuce 512 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.020 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.023 ^ NT 0.5

Watermelon 64 0 0.023 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,522 48

Tebufenozide (insecticide)

Apples 698 9 1.3 0.005 - 0.038 0.003 ^ 1.0 1

Cauliflower 588 0 0.003 ^ 5.0 -

Grapes 739 0 0.001 - 0.003 3.0 2

Green Beans 54 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 160 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 700 7 1.0 0.005 - 0.033 0.003 ^ 10.0 10

Pears 555 6 1.1 0.002 - 0.15 0.001 - 0.003 1.5 1

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,558 22

Tecnazene (fungicide)

Apples 382 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 525 0 0.005 - 0.032 NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Green Beans 127 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.005 - 0.032 NT -

Pears 394 0 0.001 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.001 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,937 0

TEPP (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,055 0

Terbacil (herbicide)

Apples 743 0 0.006 - 0.020 0.3 -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 725 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.006 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Strawberries 216 0 0.020 ^ 0.1 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.015 - 0.080 0.4 -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 4,224 0

Terbufos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,691 0

Appendix B. Page 42 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Terbufos sulfone (metabolite of Terbufos)

Apples 528 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.018 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Grapes 523 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.002 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.005 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.018 ^ NT -

TOTAL 3,627 0

Tetrachlorvinphos (insecticide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.008 ^ NT -

TOTAL 2,710 0

Tetradifon (insecticide)

Apples 743 0 0.006 - 0.032 5 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.006 - 0.028 1 -

Cauliflower 726 0 0.032 - 0.13 NT -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.006 - 0.012 2 -

Grapes 739 0 0.004 - 0.012 5 -

Green Beans 127 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.008 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.010 - 0.064 NT -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.006 - 0.012 2 -

Oranges 741 0 0.006 - 0.012 2 -

Pears 555 0 0.004 - 0.012 5 -

Plums 573 0 0.011 ^ 5 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.011 ^ 5 -

Strawberries 521 0 0.004 - 0.008 5 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.004 - 0.024 1 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.006 - 0.028 1 -

TOTAL 8,757 0

Tetrahydrophthalimide - THPI (metabolite of Captafol and Captan)

Apples 743 114 15.3 0.033 - 1.5 0.020 - 0.27 25 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.009 - 0.040 25 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.020 - 0.13 2

Grapes 739 75 10.1 0.067 - 0.68 0.040 - 0.075 50 -

Green Beans 7 7 100.0 0.067 - 0.53 0.040 ^ 25 -

Lettuce 707 0 0.020 - 0.065 100 -

Pears 555 48 8.6 0.067 - 1.9 0.040 - 0.075 25 -

Strawberries 216 146 67.6 0.060 - 2.3 0.040 ^ 25 -

Watermelon 123 0 0.040 - 0.075 25 -

Winter Squash 731 9 1.2 0.015 - 0.11 0.009 - 0.065 25 -

TOTAL 5,120 399

Tetramethrin (insecticide)

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Thiabendazole (fungicide) (parent of 5-hydroxythiabendazole)

Apples 743 654 88.0 0.0002 - 7.0 0.0001 - 0.030 10 3

Cantaloupe 558 3 0.5 0.075 - 0.33 0.030 - 0.045 15.0 -

Cauliflower (V-14) 741 14 1.9 0.0002 - 0.001 0.0001 - 0.0005 NT -

Grapefruit 214 73 34.1 0.050 - 0.33 0.030 ^ 10 10

Grapes 523 0 0.050 ^ NT -

Appendix B. Page 43 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Lettuce (V-7) 527 7 1.3 0.0005 - 0.001 0.0005 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 744 4 0.5 0.050 - 0.23 0.030 ^ 10 10

Oranges 741 324 43.7 0.050 - 0.61 0.030 ^ 10 10

Pears 555 370 66.7 0.050 - 2.9 0.030 - 0.050 10 3

Strawberries 737 3 0.4 0.003 - 0.90 0.002 - 0.030 5.0 -

Watermelon 86 0 0.010 - 0.030 NT -

Winter Squash 731 4 0.5 0.075 - 0.77 0.030 - 0.045 1 -

TOTAL 6,900 1,456

Thiacloprid (insecticide) 

Apples 132 4 3.0 0.003 - 0.018 0.0004 ^ 0.3 -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0004 ^ NT -

Lettuce 132 0 0.0004 ^ NT -

TOTAL 480 4

Thiamethoxam (insecticide) (also parent of clothianidin)

Apples 528 0 0.015 - 0.050 0.2 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.015 - 0.060 NT -

Lettuce (V-1) 527 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.050 NT -

Watermelon 182 7 3.8 0.002 - 0.004 0.001 - 0.050 0.20 -

TOTAL 1,978 8

Thiazopyr (herbicide) 

Grapefruit 528 0 0.001 ^ 0.05 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ 0.05 -

TOTAL 1,581 0

Thiobencarb (herbicide)

Apples 132 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0006 ^ NT -

Lettuce 348 0 0.0006 - 0.010 0.2 -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.010 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,749 0

Thiodicarb (insecticide) 

Lettuce 216 0 0.002 ^ 35 5

TOTAL 216 0

Tri-Allate (herbicide)

Grapes 523 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Watermelon 64 0 0.015 ^ NT -

TOTAL 981 0

Triadimefon (fungicide)

Apples 713 0 0.0009 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Cantaloupe 558 1 0.2 0.038 ^ 0.023 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

Cauliflower 696 0 0.0009 ^ NT -

Grapes 739 1 0.1 0.073 ^ 0.011 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Green Beans 127 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Green Beans, Frozen 395 0 0.023 ^ NT -

Lettuce 483 0 0.0009 - 0.003 NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.025 ^ NT -

Pears 555 0 0.011 - 0.025 1.0 0.5

Strawberries 216 0 0.025 ^ NT 0.1

Watermelon 182 0 0.011 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

Winter Squash 731 5 0.7 0.038 ^ 0.023 - 0.025 0.3 0.1

TOTAL 6,448 7

Appendix B. Page 44 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Triadimenol (fungicide) (also a metabolite of Triadimefon)

Cantaloupe 162 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 2

Grapes 216 12 5.6 0.025 - 0.22 0.015 ^ 1.0 2

Pears 161 0 0.015 ^ 1.0 0.5

Watermelon 123 0 0.011 - 0.015 0.3 2

Winter Squash 213 0 0.015 ^ 0.3 2

TOTAL 875 12

1,2,4-Triazole (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries 499 2 0.4 0.065 ^ 0.036 - 0.039 *** -

TOTAL 499 2

Triazole acetic acid - TAA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries 499 0 0.011 - 0.012 NT -

TOTAL 499 0

Triazole alanine - TA (common metabolite of triazole compounds)

Strawberries 521 58 11.1 0.060 - 0.063 0.036 - 0.038 *** -

TOTAL 521 58

Trifloxystrobin (fungicide) 

Apples 132 13 9.8 0.0002 - 0.007 0.0001 ^ 0.50 0.7

Cauliflower 216 0 0.0001 ^ NT -

Grapefruit 528 0 0.0004 ^ 0.3 -

Lettuce (V-1) 118 1 0.8 0.0002 ^ 0.0001 ^ NT -

Orange Juice 528 0 0.010 ^ 0.3 -

Oranges 504 0 0.010 ^ 0.3 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.001 - 0.005 0.5 -

TOTAL 2,208 14

Triflumizole (fungicide)

Apples 213 0 0.050 ^ 0.5 -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

Grapes 739 0 0.020 - 0.050 2.5 -

Pears 555 0 0.020 - 0.050 0.5 -

Strawberries 216 3 1.4 0.083 ^ 0.050 ^ 2.0 -

Watermelon 123 0 0.003 - 0.050 0.5 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.040 - 0.050 0.5 -

TOTAL 3,135 3

Trifluralin (herbicide)

Apples 528 0 0.0005 ^ NT -

Cantaloupe 558 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

Cauliflower 741 0 0.0005 ^ 0.05 -

Grapefruit 742 0 0.001 - 0.017 0.05 -

Grapes 739 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Green Beans 181 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Green Beans, Frozen 555 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Lettuce 743 17 2.3 0.0008 - 0.005 0.0005 - 0.017 0.05 -

Orange Juice 744 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Oranges 741 0 0.017 ^ 0.05 -

Pears 394 0 0.015 ^ NT -

Plums 573 0 0.021 ^ 0.05 -

Plums, Dried (Prunes) 153 0 0.021 ^ 0.05 -

Watermelon 182 0 0.015 - 0.017 0.05 -

Winter Squash 731 0 0.008 - 0.017 0.05 -

TOTAL 8,305 17

Triforine (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.003 ^ 0.01 2

Cauliflower 741 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Lettuce 527 0 0.003 ^ NT -

TOTAL 1,796 0

Appendix B. Page 45 of 46
 Pesticide / Commodity

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of Samples 

with Detections

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Range of 

LODs, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppm

Vernolate (herbicide)

Cantaloupe 308 0 0.016 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 276 0 0.016 ^ NT -

TOTAL 584 0

Vinclozolin (fungicide)

Apples 528 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Cantaloupe 396 0 0.014 ^ NT 1

Cauliflower 741 0 0.004 ^ NT 1

Grapes 523 0 0.003 ^ NT 5

Green Beans 181 0 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Green Beans, Frozen 555 263 47.4 0.004 - 0.40 0.003 - 0.010 2.0 2

Lettuce 743 4 0.5 0.006 - 0.017 0.004 - 0.010 10.0 5

Orange Juice 528 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Oranges 525 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Pears 394 0 0.003 ^ NT 1

Watermelon 64 0 0.003 ^ NT -

Winter Squash 518 0 0.014 ^ NT -

TOTAL 5,696 267

Zoxamide (fungicide)

Cantaloupe 44 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

Watermelon 59 0 0.025 ^ 1 -

Winter Squash 43 0 0.020 ^ 1.0 -

TOTAL 146 0

NOTES

Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA. In the

interim, action levels are used.

EX = Exempt from a tolerance when applied to growing crops (pre-harvest) in accordance with Good Agricultural Practices. The reader 

is advised to consult 40 CFR Part 180 for specific compounds. NOTE: Some commodity/compound pairs have post-harvest 

tolerances, but because PDP cannot ascertain when application occurred, the tolerance exemption is used.

Safe use in spot and/or crack and crevice treatments.

Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance or FDA action level. Following "X" are the number of occurrences.

Previously reported as lambda cyhalothrin total, which included lambda cyhalothrin (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1R,3R),S-enantiomer

and the cis-(1S,3S),R-enantiomer) as well as R157836 (a 1:1 mixture of the cis-(1S,3S),S-enantiomer and the cis-(1R,3R),

R-enantiomer).

*** = Residues of this compound were detected. This compound has been determined to be a common metabolite of the triazole class 

of chemicals. Therefore, the residues detected cannot be attributed to a single triazole compound.

** =

NT =

AL =

SU

^

(V) =

(X) =

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). The 

reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to Codex for 

the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix B. Page 46 of 46
Appendix C 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Soybeans 

Appendix C shows residue detections for all soybean compounds tested, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/

Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 668 soybean samples. A total of 44 samples (22 

percent) were reported with residue detections. All but one of the residue detections 

were much lower than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of ALs and MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because soybean residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), EPA 

Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Acephate I 648 40 ^ 1,000 300

Acetochlor H 667 3.1 ^ 100 -

Alachlor H 667 2 0.3 2.0 - 5.0 1.2 ^ 200 -

Aldicarb I 668 10 ^ 20 20

Aldicarb sulfone IM 638 3.0 ^ 20 20

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 668 10 ^ 20 20

Aldrin I 606 12.5 ^ 50 AL 50

Bendiocarb I 640 1.5 ^ SU -

Benoxacor S 658 3.0 ^ 10 -

Boscalid F 667 1.5 ^ 2,000 -

Carbaryl I 668 3.0 ^ 5,000 200

Carbendazim - MBC F 668 1.5 ^ 200 200

Carbofuran I 663 3.0 ^ 200 -

Carboxin F 667 1.2 ^ 200 -

Chlorimuron ethyl H 284 10 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos I 647 94 14.5 5.0 - 24 3.0 ^ 300 100

Clofencet P 622 30 ^ 30,000 -

Clomazone H 667 3.0 ^ 50 -

Clothianidin I 656 3.0 ^ NT -

Cyfluthrin I 628 10 ^ 50 -

Cyhalothrin, epimer R157836 I 279 4.0 ^ 10 -

Cyhalothrin, Total (CyhalothrinL + R157836) I 368 5.5 ^ 10 -

Cypermethrin I 667 25 ^ 50 50

DDD p,p' IM 667 1.5 ^ 200 AL -

DDE p,p' IM 522 1.9 ^ 200 AL -

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I 667 15 ^ 100 200

Dieldrin I 667 2.4 ^ 50 AL 50

Dimethenamid H 667 9 1.3 2.0 - 9.0 1.0 ^ 10 -

Dimethoate I 646 8.0 ^ 50 -

Disulfoton I 667 6.0 ^ 100 50

Disulfoton sulfone IM 647 30 ^ 100 50

Disulfoton sulfoxide IM 657 3.6 ^ 100 50

APPENDIX C. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN SOYBEANS

Appendix C. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Endrin I 667 5.4 ^ 50 AL -

EPTC H 599 3.0 ^ 100 -

Esfenvalerate I 667 10 ^ 50 -

Ethalfluralin H 667 0.80 ^ 50 -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 667 1.5 ^ 50 -

Fenpropathrin I 667 4.2 ^ NT -

Fluazifop butyl H 667 3.0 ^ 1,000 -

Fludioxonil F 667 8.0 ^ 10 10

Flumetsulam H 662 10 ^ 50 -

Fluridone H 647 1.0 ^ 100 -

Hydroprene R 667 21 ^ 200 -

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 668 3.0 ^ 200 -

5-Hydroxythiabendazole FM 615 3.0 ^ 100 -

Imazaquin H 658 3.0 ^ 50 -

Imidacloprid I 668 3.0 ^ 1,000 -

Indoxacarb I 667 27 ^ 800 -

Lactofen H 667 9.0 ^ 10 -

Linuron H 614 3.0 ^ 1,000 -

Malathion I 667 35 5.2 9.7 - 73 5.8 ^ 8,000 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 667 2.7 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 667 2.0 ^ 1,000 50

Methamidophos I 621 30 ^ 1,000 100

Methomyl I 663 3.0 ^ 200 200

Methoxyfenozide I 668 1 0.1 5.0 ^ 3.0 ^ 100 -

Metolachlor H 667 1.9 ^ 200 -

Metribuzin H 626 6.5 ^ 300 -

Myclobutanil F 647 1.9 ^ 50 -

Norflurazon H 667 15 ^ 100 -

Norflurazon desmethyl HM 607 5.0 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM 651 4.2 ^ 50 -

Oxadixyl F 667 3.0 ^ NT -

Oxamyl I 663 3.0 ^ 200 -

Oxyfluorfen H 667 2.0 ^ 50 -

Parathion ethyl I 667 4.2 ^ 100 -

Appendix C. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Parathion methyl I 667 6.1 ^ 100 -

Parathion methyl oxygen 

analog IM 633 1.7 ^ NT -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 667 25 ^ NT -

Pendimethalin H 667 6.0 ^ NT -

Permethrin Total IM 667 5 0.7 15.5 ^ 9.3 ^ 50 50

Phorate I 667 4.4 ^ 100 50

Prallethrin I 667 45 ^ 1,000 -

Propetamphos I 667 1.0 ^ 100 -

Pyriproxyfen I 667 32.3 ^ 100 -

Quizalofop ethyl H 667 1.9 ^ 50 -

Resmethrin I 667 2.3 ^ 3,000 -

Spinosad A I 638 3.0 ^ 20 10

Sulfentrazone H 647 1 0.2 25 ^ 15 ^ 50 -

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) FM 667 15 ^ 2,000 -

Thiabendazole F 643 1 0.2 16 ^ 3.0 ^ 100 -

Thifensulfuron methyl H 668 6.0 ^ 100 -

Trifluralin (X-1) H 667 2 0.3 3.0 - 78.1 2.0 ^ 50 -

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale. 

 There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

 pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA.

 In the interim, action levels are used.

(X) = Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance. Following "X" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

P = Plant Growth Regulator

R = Insect Growth Regulator

S = Herbicide Safener

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix C. Page 3 of 3
Appendix D 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

for the Soybean Rust/Aphid Special Survey 

Appendix D shows residue detections for the soybean rust/aphid special survey, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/

Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 306 soybean samples during October through 

December for 14 identified compounds used to combat soybean rust and 2 insecticides 

used to control Chinese aphid in response to an EPA data need. Six samples were 

reported with residue detections. All detections were much lower than the established 

tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because soybean residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), EPA 

Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than than originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Azoxystrobin F 306 1.0 ^ NT -

Boscalid F 306 7.0 ^ 2000 -

Cyproconazole F 306 5.0 ^ NT -

Difenoconazole F 306 3.0 ^ NT -

Epoxiconazole F 306 4.0 ^ NT -

Fenarimol F 286 31 ^ NT -

Fluquinconazole F 306 14 ^ NT -

Flutriafol F 306 4.0 ^ NT -

Myclobutanil F 306 4.0 ^ 50 -

Propiconazole F 306 3.0 ^ NT -

Pymetrozine I 306 3.0 ^ NT -

Pyraclostrobin F 306 6 2 1.0 - 2.0 1.0 ^ 40 -

Tebuconazole F 286 4.0 ^ 100 -

Tetraconazole F 286 6.0 ^ NT -

Thiamethoxam I 306 1.0 ^ NT -

Trifloxystrobin F 306 1.0 ^ NT -

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide

I = Insecticide

APPENDIX D. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES FOR SOYBEAN RUST/APHID SPECIAL SURVEY

Appendix D. Page 1 of 1
Appendix E

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Wheat 

Appendix E shows residue detections for all wheat compounds tested, including 

range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum 

Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 674 wheat samples. A total of 508 samples (75 percent) 

were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were much lower than 

the established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of ALs and MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because wheat residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), EPA 

Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than than originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Acetochlor H 654 2 0.3 5.0 ^ 3.0 ^ 20 -

Allethrin I 674 3.0 ^ 2,000 -

Atrazine H 674 3.0 ^ 250 -

Bromuconazole 46 FM 674 6.0 ^ NT -

Bromuconazole 47 FM 674 4.0 ^ NT -

Carbaryl I 634 6.0 ^ 3,000 2,000

Carbofuran I 494 34 ^ 100 -

Carboxin F 674 3.0 ^ 200 -

Carfentrazone ethyl H 674 3.0 ^ 100.0 -

Chlorpyrifos I 674 4 0.6 10 - 42 6.0 ^ 500 500

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 674 156 23.1 32 - 2610 19 ^ 6,000 10,000

Clodinafop propargyl H 654 3.0 ^ 100 -

Cyanazine H 674 1 0.1 8.0 ^ 5.0 ^ 100 -

Cyfluthrin I 654 19 2.9 38 - 669 23 ^ 4,000 -

Cyhalothrin, Total 

(Cyhalothrin-L + R157836) I 674 1 0.1 7.0 ^ 4.0 ^ 50 -

Cyproconazole F 674 11 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 674 3.0 ^ 500 AL 100

Diazinon I 674 1 0.1 5.0 ^ 3.0 ^ 50 -

Diazinon oxygen analog IM 674 6.0 ^ NT -

Diclofop methyl H 674 3.0 ^ 100 -

Dieldrin I 674 6.0 ^ 20 AL 20

Difenoconazole F 674 4.0 ^ 100 -

Dimethoate I 674 28 ^ 40 50

Dimethomorph F 644 19 ^ NT -

Disulfoton I 674 3.0 ^ 300 200

Disulfoton sulfone IM 674 13 ^ 300 200

Endosulfan I I 674 6.0 ^ 100 200

Endosulfan II IM 674 6.0 ^ 100 200

Endosulfan sulfate IM 674 3.0 ^ 100 200

Epoxiconazole F 674 4.0 ^ NT -

Etridiazole F 654 10 ^ 50 -

Fenbuconazole F 434 18 ^ NT 100

Fenitrothion I 671 6.0 ^ NT 10,000

APPENDIX E. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN WHEAT

Appendix E. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Fludioxonil F 674 9.0 ^ 20 50

Flufenacet H 674 6.0 ^ 1,000 -

Fluridone H 674 3.0 ^ 100 -

Heptachlor epoxide IM 674 3.0 ^ NT 20

Hexaconazole F 674 4.0 ^ NT -

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 569 6.0 ^ 100 -

Imazalil F 674 28 ^ 50 10

Lindane (BHC gamma) I 654 3 0.5 10 - 21 6.0 ^ 100 AL 10

Linuron H 674 25 ^ 250 -

Malathion I 674 451 66.9 5.0 - 2577 3.0 ^ 8,000 8,000

Malathion oxygen analog IM 674 5.0 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 674 1 0.1 25 ^ 6.0 ^ 200 50

Methoprene R 634 4 0.6 22 - 279 13 ^ 5,000 5,000

Methoxychlor p,p' (V-40) IM 674 40 5.9 8.0 - 21 5.0 ^ NT -

Metolachlor H 674 3.0 ^ 100 -

Metribuzin H 634 6.0 ^ 750 -

Myclobutanil F 674 13 ^ 30 -

Omethoate IM 654 3.0 ^ 40 -

Parathion ethyl I 671 5.0 ^ 1,000 -

Parathion oxygen analog IM 654 19 ^ NT -

Phorate I 434 6 1.4 13 ^ 8.0 ^ 50 50

Phorate sulfone IM 674 5.0 ^ 50 50

Piperonyl butoxide I 674 17 2.5 10 - 42 6.0 ^ 20,000 30,000

Pirimiphos methyl (V-22) I 674 22 3.3 5.0 ^ 3.0 ^ NT 7,000

Propanil H 674 9 1.3 8.0 ^ 5.0 ^ 200 -

Propiconazole F 654 11 ^ 100 50

RH 9129 (fenbuconazole 

metabolite) (V-4) FM 594 4 0.7 8.0 - 81 5.0 ^ NT -

RH 9130 (fenbuconazole 

metabolite) FM 674 4.0 ^ NT -

TCMTB F 674 25 ^ 100 -

Tebuconazole F 640 10 ^ 50 50

Tetraconazole F 674 4.0 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 514 13 ^ 1,000 -

Thiamethoxam I 654 3.0 ^ 20 -

Appendix E. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Tri Allate H 654 6.0 ^ 50 -

Triadimefon F 674 3.0 ^ 1,000 100

Triadimenol F 669 6.0 ^ 50 200

Trifluralin H 654 9 1.4 10 ^ 6.0 ^ 50 -

Triticonazole F 674 4.0 ^ 50 -

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs)

 for some pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been

 transferred to EPA. In the interim, action levels are used.

(V) = Residue was found where no tolerance was established by EPA. Following "V" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

R = Insect Growth Regulator

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). The 

reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix E. Page 3 of 3
Appendix F

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Milk 

Appendix F shows residue detections for all milk compounds tested, including 

range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum 

Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 746 milk samples. A total of 738 samples (99 percent) 

were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were much lower than 

the established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of ALs and MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because milk residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), EPA 

Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Acephate I 746 0.090 ^ 100 20

Alachlor H 746 0.15 ^ 20 -

Aldicarb I 746 0.060 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfone IM 746 0.090 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 746 0.18 ^ NT 10

Amitraz I 746 0.75 ^ 30 10

Atrazine H 746 0.18 ^ 20 -

Bifenthrin I 746 17 2.3 0.10 - 0.67 0.060 ^ 100 50

Buprofezin I 746 0.24 ^ 10 -

Carbaryl I 746 2 0.3 0.083 ^ 0.050 ^ 300 50

Carbofuran I 746 0.090 ^ 20 50

Chlorfenapyr I 746 0.090 ^ 10 -

Chlorpropham H 746 0.30 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos I 746 0.17 ^ 10 20

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 746 0.11 ^ 50 10

Chlorpyrifos methyl O-analog IM 746 1.5 ^ 50 -

Coumaphos I 746 0.11 ^ 500 -

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM 746 0.40 ^ 500 -

Cyfluthrin I 746 6 0.8 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^ 1,000 10

Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L 

+ R157836 epimer) I 746 155 20.8 0.25 - 1.2 0.15 ^ 200 -

Cypermethrin I 746 0.60 ^ 100 50

Cyproconazole F 746 0.21 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 746 637 85.4 0.10 - 11 0.060 ^ 1,250 AL 20

DEF (Tribufos) H 746 0.12 ^ 2 -

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I 746 0.15 ^ 20 50

Dichlorvos (DDVP) I 746 0.050 ^ 20 20

Dieldrin I 746 173 23.2 0.13 ^ 0.080 ^ 300 AL 6

Difenoconazole F 746 0.15 ^ 10 -

Dimethoate I 746 1 0.1 0.10 ^ 0.060 ^ 2 50

Diphenylamine (DPA) F 746 683 91.6 0.10 - 6.3 0.060 ^ 10 0.4

Endosulfan I I 746 0.060 ^ 500 4

Endosulfan II IM 746 0.020 ^ 500 4

APPENDIX F. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN MILK

Appendix F. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Endosulfan sulfate IM 746 115 15.4 0.050 - 3.0 0.030 ^ 500 4

Epoxiconazole F 746 0.21 ^ NT -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I 746 0.15 ^ 300 100

Etridiazole F 746 0.21 ^ 50 -

Fenamiphos I 746 0.17 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfone IM 746 0.70 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfoxide IM 746 0.84 ^ 100 5

Fenarimol F 746 0.24 ^ NT -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 746 0.090 ^ 20 -

Fenpropathrin I 746 0.36 ^ 80 100

Fipronil I 746 0.30 ^ 50 20

Fluridone H 746 0.30 ^ 50 -

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester H 746 0.24 ^ 300 -

Flutolanil F 746 0.12 ^ 50 50

Fluvalinate I 746 0.45 ^ NT -

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) FM 746 0.21 ^ NT -

Hexaconazole F 746 0.15 ^ NT -

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 746 45 6.0 0.083 - 0.66 0.050 ^ 20 -

Iprodione F 746 0.75 ^ 500 -

Malathion I 746 0.12 ^ 500 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 746 0.13 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 746 0.090 ^ 20 -

Methamidophos I 746 0.080 ^ 100 20

Metolachlor H 746 0.27 ^ 20 -

Metribuzin H 746 0.60 ^ 50 -

MGK-264 I 746 0.51 ^ 300 -

Myclobutanil F 746 0.24 ^ 200 10

Norflurazon H 746 0.45 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM 746 0.12 ^ 2 -

Oxydemeton methyl I 746 0.32 ^ 10 -

Oxyfluorfen H 746 0.090 ^ 50 -

Pentachloroaniline (PCA) FM 746 0.27 ^ NT -

Pentachlorobenzene (PCB) FM 746 0.30 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl ether FM 746 0.090 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl 

sulfide FM 746 0.12 ^ NT -

Appendix F. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Permethrin Total IM 746 21 2.8 1.0 - 4.1 0.60 ^ 250 100

Profenofos I 746 0.17 ^ 10 10

Pronamide H 746 0.15 ^ 20 -

Propachlor H 746 0.18 ^ 20 -

Propanil H 746 0.18 ^ 50 -

Propargite I 746 0.75 ^ 80 100

Propham H 746 0.75 ^ NT -

Propiconazole F 746 0.36 ^ 50 10

Pyrazon H 746 0.15 ^ 10 -

Quintozene (PCNB) F 746 0.24 ^ NT -

Simazine H 746 0.18 ^ 20 -

Tefluthrin I 746 0.27 ^ NT -

Tetrachlorvinphos I 746 2 0.3 0.27 ^ 0.16 ^ 500 -

Tetraconazole F 746 0.33 ^ 50.0 -

Tetradifon I 746 0.080 ^ 400 AL -

Tetramethrin I 746 0.75 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 746 0.33 ^ 400 200

Triadimefon F 746 0.27 ^ 40 50

Triadimenol F 746 0.21 ^ 10 10

Triflumizole F 746 0.18 ^ 50 -

Vinclozolin F 746 0.15 ^ 50 50

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs)

 for some pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been

 transferred to EPA. In the interim, action levels are used.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix F. Page 3 of 3
Appendix G

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Heavy Cream 

Appendix G shows residue detections for all heavy cream compounds tested, 

including range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/

Extraneous Maximum Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 369 heavy cream samples. A total of 366 samples (99 

percent) were reported with residue detections. All residue detections were much 

lower than the established tolerances. 

See Appendix B for definition of ALs and MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because heavy cream residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), 

EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis 

for comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness 

in the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Acephate I 369 0.90 ^ 100 20

Alachlor H 369 1.5 ^ 20 -

Aldicarb I 369 0.60 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfone IM 369 0.90 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM 369 1.8 ^ NT 10

Amitraz I 369 7.5 ^ 30 10

Atrazine H 369 1.8 ^ 20 -

Bifenthrin I 369 1 0.3 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^ 100 50

Buprofezin I 369 2.4 ^ 10 -

Carbaryl I 369 2 0.5 0.80 - 3.6 0.50 ^ 300 50

Carbofuran I 369 0.90 ^ 20 50

Chlorfenapyr I 369 0.90 ^ 10 -

Chlorpropham H 369 3.0 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos I 369 1.7 ^ 10 20

Chlorpyrifos methyl I 369 0.11 ^ 50 10

Chlorpyrifos methyl O-analog IM 369 14.8 ^ 50 -

Coumaphos I 369 1.1 ^ 500 -

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM 369 4.0 ^ 500 -

Cyfluthrin I 369 1 0.3 10 ^ 6.0 ^ 1,000 10

Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L 

+ R157836 epimer) I 369 85 23.0 2.5 ^ 1.5 ^ 200 -

Cypermethrin I 369 6.0 ^ 100 50

Cyproconazole F 369 2.1 ^ NT -

DDE p,p' IM 369 320 86.7 1.0 - 37 0.60 ^ 1,250 AL 20

DEF (Tribufos) H 369 1.2 ^ 2 -

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I 369 1.5 ^ 20 50

Dichlorvos (DDVP) I 369 0.50 ^ 20 20

Dieldrin I 369 122 33.1 1.3 ^ 0.80 ^ 300 AL 6

Difenoconazole F 369 1.5 ^ 10 -

Dimethoate I 369 0.60 ^ 2 50

Diphenylamine (DPA) F 369 305 82.7 1.0 - 6.2 0.60 ^ 10 0.4

Endosulfan I I 369 1 0.3 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^ 500 4

Endosulfan II IM 369 1 0.3 4.6 ^ 0.20 ^ 500 4

Endosulfan sulfate IM 369 56 15.2 0.50 - 192 0.30 ^ 500 4

APPENDIX G. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN HEAVY CREAM

Appendix G. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Epoxiconazole F 369 2.1 ^ NT -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I 369 1.5 ^ 300 100

Etridiazole F 369 2.1 ^ 50 -

Fenamiphos I 369 1.7 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfone IM 369 7.0 ^ 100 5

Fenamiphos sulfoxide IM 369 8.4 ^ 100 5

Fenarimol F 369 2.4 ^ NT -

Fenoxaprop ethyl H 369 0.90 ^ 20 -

Fenpropathrin I 369 3.6 ^ 80 100

Fipronil I 369 3.0 ^ 50 20

Fluridone H 369 3.0 ^ 50 -

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl ester H 369 2.4 ^ 300 -

Flutolanil F 369 1.2 ^ 50 50

Fluvalinate I 369 4.5 ^ NT -

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) FM 369 2.1 ^ NT -

Hexaconazole F 369 1.5 ^ NT -

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM 369 0.50 ^ 20 -

Iprodione F 369 7.5 ^ 500 -

Malathion I 369 1.2 ^ 500 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM 369 1.3 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F 369 0.90 ^ 20 -

Methamidophos I 369 0.80 ^ 100 20

Metolachlor H 369 2.7 ^ 20 -

Metribuzin H 369 6.0 ^ 50 -

MGK-264 I 369 5.1 ^ 300 -

Myclobutanil F 369 2.4 ^ 200 10

Norflurazon H 369 4.5 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM 369 1.2 ^ 2 -

Oxydemeton methyl I 369 3.2 ^ 10 -

Oxyfluorfen H 369 0.90 ^ 50 -

Pentachloroaniline (PCA) FM 369 2.7 ^ NT -

Pentachlorobenzene (PCB) FM 369 3.0 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl ether FM 369 0.90 ^ NT -

Pentachlorophenyl methyl 

sulfide FM 369 1.2 ^ NT -

Permethrin Total IM 369 7 1.9 10 - 60.1 6.0 ^ 250 100

Appendix G. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Profenofos I 369 1.7 ^ 10 10

Pronamide H 369 1.5 ^ 20 -

Propachlor H 369 1.8 ^ 20 -

Propanil H 369 1.8 ^ 50 -

Propargite I 369 7.5 ^ 80 100

Propham H 369 7.5 ^ NT -

Propiconazole F 369 3.6 ^ 50 10

Pyrazon H 369 1.5 ^ 10 -

Quintozene (PCNB) F 369 2.4 ^ NT -

Simazine H 369 1.8 ^ 20 -

Tefluthrin I 369 2.7 ^ NT -

Tetrachlorvinphos I 369 1.6 ^ 500 -

Tetraconazole F 369 3.3 ^ 50.0 -

Tetradifon I 369 0.80 ^ 400 AL -

Tetramethrin I 369 7.5 ^ NT -

Thiabendazole F 369 3.3 ^ 400 200

Triadimefon F 369 2.7 ^ 40 50

Triadimenol F 369 2.1 ^ 10 10

Triflumizole F 369 1.8 ^ 50 -

Vinclozolin F 369 1.5 ^ 50 50

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison 

 using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally

 expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs)

 for some pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been

 transferred to EPA. In the interim, action levels are used.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix G. Page 3 of 3
Appendix H

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Pork 

Appendix F shows residue detections for all pork compounds tested, including 

range of values detected, range of Limits of Detection (LODs), and Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Codex Maximum Residue Limit/Extraneous Maximum 

Residue Limit (MRL/EMRL) tolerance references for each pair. 

In 2005, PDP analyzed pork tissue samples which included 352 adipose 

samples and 352 muscle samples. A total of 40 adipose samples (11 percent) and 18 

muscle samples (5 percent) were reported with residue detections. Two of the adipose 

samples contained residues that exceeded the established EPA tolerance. 

See Appendix B for definition of ALs and MRLs. 

MRLs/EMRLs shown in this appendix are from the Codex Alimentarius: Proc. of 

Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues, 38th Session, April 3-8, 2006, Fortaleza, 

Brazil. Only Codex MRLs (CXLs) are listed. 

EPA tolerances as published in 40 CFR Part 180 are expressed in parts per 

million (ppm). Because pork residues are expressed in parts per billion (ppb), EPA 

Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex. 

The information herein is only intended to be an initial reference. Readers are 

reminded that international regulations and MRLs may change and that it is important 

that information obtained from this table be verified with knowledgeable parties in the 

market of interest prior to sale or shipment of exports. 
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Acephate I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 100 50

Acetamiprid I

 Pork, Adipose 352 9.0 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 6.9 ^ 100 -

Alachlor H

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 20 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 20 -

Aldicarb I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.42 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.21 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfone IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.4 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ NT 10

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 13.5 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 6.8 ^ NT 10

Aldrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 7.5 ^ 300 AL 200

Atrazine H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.60 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ NT -

Azoxystrobin F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 10.0 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ 10 -

Benoxacor S

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.60 ^ 10 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 10 -

BHC alpha I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 300 AL -

Bifenazate A

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ NT 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.4 ^ 20 -

Bifenthrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 500 -

Boscalid F

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 50 -

APPENDIX H. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN PORK

Appendix H. Page 1 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Buprofezin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ 50 -

Captan F

 Pork, Adipose 352 18 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 30 ^ 50 -

Carbaryl I

 Pork, Adipose 352 7 2.0 1.0 - 98.6 0.60 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 10 2.8 0.50 - 6.6 0.30 ^ 100 50

Carbendazim (MBC) F

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.60 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 100 -

Carbofuran I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.30 ^ NT 50

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.15 ^ NT 50

Carboxin F

 Pork, Adipose 352 7.5 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 100 -

Chlordane cis I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 300 AL 50

Chlordane trans I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 300 AL 50

Chloroneb F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ 200 -

Chlorothalonil F

 Pork, Adipose 352 1 0.3 7.5 ^ 4.5 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 30 -

Chlorpropham H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 500 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 500 -

Chlorpyrifos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1 0.3 2.5 ^ 1.5 ^ 200 20

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.75 ^ 50 -

Chlorpyrifos methyl I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 500 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.45 ^ 500 -

Clethodim H

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.4 ^ 200 200

Clofentezine I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.45 ^ 50 -

Appendix H. Page 2 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Coumaphos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 1,000 -

Coumaphos oxygen analog IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.2 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.1 ^ 1,000 -

Cyfluthrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.8 ^ 10,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.4 ^ 400 -

Cyhalothrin, Lambda I

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.4 ^ 3,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 200 -

Cypermethrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 1,000 200

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ 200 -

DDD p,p' IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 5,000 AL 5,000

DDE p,p' IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 25 7.1 1.5 - 3.8 0.90 ^ 5,000 AL 5,000

DDT p,p' I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 5,000 AL 5,000

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I

 Pork, Adipose 352 9.0 ^ 50 500

 Pork, Muscle 352 4.5 ^ 50 -

Dichlorvos (DDVP) I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.45 ^ 100 50

Dieldrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 300 AL 200

Difenoconazole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.8 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.4 ^ 50 -

Diflubenzuron I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.60 ^ 50 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 50 -

Diflufenzopyr H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1 0.3 57 ^ 3.0 ^ 300 -

Dimethoate I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ NT 50

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.45 ^ NT 50

Appendix H. Page 3 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Diphenamid H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT -

2,6-DIPN P

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 1,350 -

Endosulfan I I

 Pork, Adipose 352 10.5 ^ 200 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 4.5 ^ 200 -

Endosulfan II IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 15 ^ 200 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 4.5 ^ 200 -

Endosulfan sulfate IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 200 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 200 -

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate 

Total I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 1,500 1,000

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 1,500 -

Ethalfluralin H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT -

Ethion I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 200 -

Ethofumesate H

 Pork, Adipose 352 9.0 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Etridiazole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ 100.0 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 100.0 -

Fenamiphos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 10

Fenamiphos sulfone IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ 50 10

Fenamiphos sulfoxide IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 50 -

Fenarimol F

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT -

Fenbuconazole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ 10 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ 10 -

Appendix H. Page 4 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Fenoxaprop ethyl H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Fenpropathrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 100 -

Fenthion I

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.4 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ NT -

Fenthion sulfone IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ NT -

Fipronil I

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.1 ^ 40 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 10 -

Flufenacet H

 Pork, Adipose 352 15 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 4.5 ^ 50 -

Fluridone H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Fluroxypyr 1-methylheptyl 

ester H

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 100 -

Flutolanil F

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.5 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 50 50

Fluvalinate I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ NT -

Heptachlor I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 200 AL 200

Heptachlor epoxide IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 200 AL 200

Hexazinone H

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.4 ^ 100 -

Hexythiazox I

 Pork, Adipose 352 10.5 ^ 20 -

Hydroprene R

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.5 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 200 -

Appendix H. Page 5 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT -

Imazalil F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 10 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 10 -

Imidacloprid I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 300 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 300 20

Indoxacarb I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.30 ^ 1,500 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.15 ^ 100 -

Iprodione F

 Pork, Adipose 352 5.4 ^ 500 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 5.4 ^ 500 -

Isofenphos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.4 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ NT -

Isoxaflutole H

 Pork, Adipose 352 4.5 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ 200 -

Lindane (BHC gamma) I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ 4,000 100

Linuron H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.75 ^ 1,000 -

Malathion I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 4,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 4,000 -

Malathion oxygen analog IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT -

Metalaxyl F

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.7 ^ 400 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ 50 -

Methamidophos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 100 10

Methidathion I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT -

Methoprene R

 Pork, Adipose 352 10.5 ^ 1,000 200

 Pork, Muscle 352 5.4 ^ 100 -

Appendix H. Page 6 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Methoxychlor p,p' IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ NT -

Methoxyfenozide I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.30 ^ 100 50

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.15 ^ 20 -

Metolachlor H

 Pork, Adipose 352 10.5 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT -

Metribuzin H

 Pork, Adipose 352 12 ^ 700 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 4.5 ^ 700 -

MGK-264 I

 Pork, Adipose 352 6 1.7 10 - 63.9 6.0 ^ 300 -

MGK-326 (dipropyl 

isocinchomeronate) I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 100 -

Mirex I

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 100 AL -

Myclobutanil F

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ 100 -

1-Naphthol IM

 Pork, Adipose (X-1) 352 3 0.9 5.0 - 188 3.0 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1 0.3 2.5 ^ 1.5 ^ 100 -

Nitrapyrin N

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Norflurazon H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.60 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 100 -

Omethoate IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.75 ^ NT -

Oxadiazon H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.5 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT -

Oxydemeton methyl I

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 10 -

Oxydemeton methyl sulfone IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 15 ^ 10 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 7.5 ^ 10 -

Appendix H. Page 7 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Oxyfluorfen H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 50 -

Oxythioquinox I

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ NT -

Permethrin Total IM

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 3,000 1,000

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ 250 -

Phorate I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT 50

Phosalone I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ NT -

Phosmet I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 200 -

Piperonyl butoxide I

 Pork, Adipose (X-1) 352 6 1.7 10 - 179 6.0 ^ 100 2,000

 Pork, Muscle 352 9 2.6 7.5 - 53.5 4.5 ^ 100 -

Pirimiphos methyl I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.45 ^ NT 10

Prallethrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 9.0 ^ 1,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 5.4 ^ 1,000 -

Profenofos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT 50

Pronamide H

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.90 ^ 20 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 20 -

Propachlor H

 Pork, Adipose 352 7.5 ^ 20 -

Propachlor oxanilic acid HM

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.6 ^ 20 -

Propanil H

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ 100 -

Propargite I

 Pork, Adipose 352 7.2 ^ 100 100

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.6 ^ 100 -

Appendix H. Page 8 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Propetamphos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 100 -

Propham H

 Pork, Adipose 352 10.5 ^ NT -

Propiconazole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 100 50

Pyrethrins I

 Pork, Adipose 352 90 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 45 ^ 100 -

Pyridaben I

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.8 ^ 50 -

Pyriproxyfen I

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ 100 -

Resmethrin I

 Pork, Adipose 352 9.0 ^ 3,000 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 3,000 -

Sethoxydim H

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 200 -

Simazine H

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.9 ^ 20 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.0 ^ 20 -

Sulprofos H

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.8 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ NT -

Tebufenozide I

 Pork, Adipose 352 0.30 ^ 100 50

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.15 ^ 80 -

Terbacil H

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.1 ^ NT -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ NT -

Tetrachlorvinphos I

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.4 ^ 1,500 -

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) FM

 Pork, Adipose 352 12 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 6.0 ^ 50 -

Thiabendazole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 45 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 3.0 ^ 100 -

Appendix H. Page 9 of 10
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppb

Range of 

LODs, ppb

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppb*

Codex 

MRL/EMRL, 

ppb*

Thiamethoxam I

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.2 ^ 20 -

Thiobencarb H

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 200 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.60 ^ 200 -

Triadimefon F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.0 ^ 40 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 1.5 ^ 40 50

Triadimenol F

 Pork, Adipose 352 3.6 ^ 100 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 2.4 ^ 100 50

Trifloxystrobin F

 Pork, Adipose 352 6.0 ^ 50 50

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Triflumizole F

 Pork, Adipose 352 2.1 ^ 500 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.90 ^ 50 -

Vinclozolin F

 Pork, Adipose 352 1.2 ^ 50 -

 Pork, Muscle 352 0.30 ^ 50 -

NOTES

* = EPA Tolerances and Codex MRLs have been multiplied by a factor of 1000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale.

 There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by EPA and Codex.

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

NT = No tolerance level was set for that pesticide/commodity pair.

AL = Numbers shown are Action Levels established by FDA and Codex Extraneous Maximum Residue Levels (EMRLs) for some

 pesticides. Under FQPA, responsibility for establishing tolerances in lieu of action levels has been transferred to EPA.

 In the interim, action levels are used.

(X) = Residue was found which exceeds EPA tolerance. Following "X" are the number of occurrences.

Pesticide Types:

A = Acaricide N = Nitrification Inhibitor

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite P = Plant Growth Regulator

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite R = Insect Growth Regulator

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite S = Herbicide Safener

Many of the listed tolerances and MRLs are the sum of a parent compound and metabolite(s)/isomer(s). 

The reader is advised to refer to EPA for the complete listing of compounds in tolerance expressions and to 

Codex for the complete listing of compounds in MRL expressions.

Appendix H. Page 10 of 10
Appendix I

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

 in Bottled Water 

Appendix I shows residue detections for all bottled water compounds tested, 

including range of values detected and range of Limits of Detection (LODs) for each 

pair.

In 2005, PDP analyzed 378 bottled water samples. A total of 59 samples (16%) were 

reported with residue detections. Fourteen different residues from seven different 

pesticides were detected. Most samples with detections were for a single residue with 

only a few samples having multiple residues (up to a maximum of seven). Bottled 

water is regulated by the FDA and State regulatory agencies for the same list of 

pesticides currently regulated in public drinking water by EPA. The Safe Drinking 

Water Act amendments of 1996 require that FDA consider applicability of all EPA 

MCLs and monitoring for bottled water. All detections were well below any established 

EPA MCLs, which are being adopted by FDA as SOQs and HAs. 
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

2,4 DB H 211 4.0 ^

2,4-D H 211 2.5 ^

Acetochlor H 378 1 0.3 17 ^ 10 ^

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 211 9.0 ^

Acetochlor oxanilic acid HM 211 1 0.5 17.3 ^ 10 ^

Alachlor H 378 10 ^

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 211 9 4.3 13.7 - 121 12.5 ^

Alachlor oxanilic acid HM 211 1 0.5 17.3 ^ 10 ^

Atrazine H 378 10 2.6 17 - 50 10 ^

Bensulfuron methyl H 211 5.0 ^

Boscalid F 378 100 ^

Bromacil H 211 6.0 ^

Carbaryl I 211 7.5 ^

Carbofuran I 211 4.0 ^

Chlorimuron ethyl H 211 6.0 ^

Chlorothalonil F 378 30 ^

Chlorpyrifos I 378 30 ^

Clomazone H 378 30 ^

Clopyralid H 211 12.5 ^

Cyanazine H 378 50 ^

DCPA H 378 30 ^

Desethyl Atrazine HM 378 26 6.9 17 - 80 10 ^

Desethyl-desisopropyl Atrazine HM 211 4 1.9 50.5 - 69 15 ^

Desisopropyl atrazine HM 378 3 0.8 83 ^ 50 ^

Diazinon I 378 30 ^

Dimethenamid ESA HM 211 2.0 ^

Dimethenamid oxanilic acid HM 211 3.0 ^

Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid P H 378 10 ^

Dimethoate I 378 50 ^

Disulfoton sulfone IM 211 6.0 ^

Diuron H 211 4.0 ^

EPTC H 378 30 ^

Ethalfluralin H 378 30 ^

Flufenacet H 211 2.5 ^

APPENDIX I. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN BOTTLED WATER

Appendix I. Page 1 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

Fonofos I 378 30 ^

Halosulfuron H 211 9.0 ^

Hydroxy Atrazine HM 211 22 10.4 3.0 - 92.7 2.0 ^

Imazamethabenz acid H 211 3.0 ^

Imazamethabenz methyl H 211 1.5 ^

Imazamox H 211 4.0 ^

Imazapic H 211 3.0 ^

Imazapyr H 211 2.5 ^

Imazaquin H 211 5.0 ^

Imazethapyr H 211 2 0.9 3.0 ^ 2.0 ^

Linuron H 211 6.0 ^

Malathion I 378 30 ^

MCPA H 211 1.5 ^

MCPB H 211 3.0 ^

Metalaxyl F 211 2.5 ^

Metolachlor H 378 15 ^

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM 211 18 8.5 5.0 - 180 3.0 ^

Metolachlor oxanilic acid HM 211 6 2.8 6.1 - 22.6 3.0 ^

Metribuzin H 378 30 ^

Metsulfuron methyl H 211 7.0 ^

Myclobutanil F 378 50 ^

Neburon H 211 3.0 ^

Nicosulfuron H 211 8.0 ^

Parathion methyl I 378 30 ^

Pendimethalin H 378 30 ^

Phorate I 378 30 ^

Picloram H 211 1 0.5 52.8 ^ 12.5 ^

Prometon H 378 30 ^

Prometryn H 211 1.0 ^

Propachlor H 378 30 ^

Propachlor oxanilic acid HM 211 3.0 ^

Propanil H 378 30 ^

Propazine H 378 30 ^

Propiconazole F 378 50 ^

Propoxur I 211 3.0 ^

Siduron H 211 2.0 ^

Appendix I. Page 2 of 3
Pesticide

Pest. 

Type

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detections

% of 

Samples w/ 

Detects

Range of Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

Simazine H 378 30 ^

Sulfometuron methyl H 211 2.5 ^

Tebuconazole F 378 50 ^

Tebupirimfos I 378 30 ^

Tebuthiuron H 378 30 ^

Terbufos I 378 30 ^

Tetraconazole F 378 1 0.3 100 ^ 30 ^

Thifensulfuron H 211 5.0 ^

Thiobencarb H 211 2.5 ^

Tri Allate H 378 30 ^

Triasulfuron H 211 7.0 ^

Trifluralin H 378 30 ^

NOTES

^ = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

Appendix I. Page 3 of 3
Appendix J 

Distribution of Residues by Pesticide 

in Drinking Water 

Appendix J shows residue detections for all drinking water compounds tested, 

including range of values detected and range of Limits of Detection (LODs). The 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Primary Drinking Water Regulation 

(NPDWR) Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for drinking water, Health Advisory 

(HA) values for drinking water, and Freshwater Aquatic Organism (FAOs) Criteria for 

ambient water are also shown. Units for LODs, MCLs, HAs, and FAOs are shown in 

parts per trillion (ppt). 

In 2005, PDP analyzed 750 drinking water samples. PDP detected 43 different 

pesticide residues in finished drinking water and 48 residues in the untreated intake 

water; most of the detections were herbicides. None of the finished drinking water 

samples exceeded EPA MCLs for any pesticide detected. In fact, the majority of 

pesticides included in the PDP screens were not detected. 

The MCLs are legally enforceable standards that apply to public water systems. 

EPA’s regulations for MCLs may be referenced at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/

mcl.html. The HAs are an estimate of acceptable drinking water levels for a chemical 

substance based on health effects information. The values published are for lifetime 

HA, which is the concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to 

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. The HA values 

can be referenced at http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/drinking. FAO criteria 

are set by EPA and are the concentration of a chemical in water at or below which 

aquatic life are protected from acute and chronic adverse effects of the chemical. The 

FAO values can be referenced at http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/

wqcriteria.html. Health Advisories and FAO criteria are not legally enforceable Federal 

standards, but serve as technical guidance to assist Federal, State, and local officials. 

EPA MCL, HA, and FAO values are expressed in parts per million (ppm). 

Because drinking water residues are expressed in parts per trillion (ppt), EPA MCL, 

HA, and FAO values have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000,000 as a basis for 

comparison using a single scale. There is no intention to imply any more exactness in 

the value than that originally expressed by EPA. 
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

2 4 5 T H

 Water, Finished 230 1.8 - 22 50,000

 Water, Untreated 231 1.8 - 22

2,4 DB H

 Water, Finished 374 14 - 151

 Water, Untreated 375 14 - 151

2,4-D H

 Water, Finished 374 220 58.8 1.1 - 430 0.65 - 90 70,000 70,000

 Water, Untreated 375 234 62.4 1.1 - 1200 0.65 - 90

Acetochlor H

 Water, Finished 374 9 2.4 15.3 - 314 9.2 - 49.5

 Water, Untreated 376 27 7.2 15.3 - 669 9.2 - 49.5

Acetochlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 150 40.1 2.7 - 1200 1.6 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 151 40.2 7.2 - 1900 1.6 - 45

Acetochlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 144 38.5 1.1 - 1300 0.68 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 147 39.1 1.1 - 1900 0.68 - 45

Acifluorfen H

 Water, Finished 111 79 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 79 ^

Alachlor H

 Water, Finished 374 7.8 - 45 2000

 Water, Untreated 376 7.8 - 45

Alachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 188 50.3 2.8 - 244 1.7 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 193 51.3 2.8 - 281 1.7 - 45

Alachlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 142 38.0 1.0 - 61 0.61 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 150 39.9 1.0 - 84 0.61 - 45

Aldicarb I

 Water, Finished 111 1500 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 1500 ^

Aldicarb sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 111 200 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 200 ^

Aldicarb sulfoxide IM

 Water, Finished 111 5.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 5.0 ^

Aldrin I

 Water, Finished 255 5.0 - 9.6

 Water, Untreated 257 5.0 - 9.6 3000

APPENDIX J. DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUES BY PESTICIDE IN DRINKING WATER

Appendix J. Page 1 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Atrazine H

 Water, Finished 374 279 74.6 1.1 - 1500 0.66 - 5.0 3000

 Water, Untreated 376 284 75.5 1.1 - 3500 0.66 - 5.0

Azinphos methyl I

 Water, Finished 119 12 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 12 ^

Benfluralin H

 Water, Finished 230 2.0 - 20

 Water, Untreated 232 2.0 - 20

Bensulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 369 1.2 - 53

 Water, Untreated 370 1.2 - 53

Bentazon H

 Water, Finished 374 167 44.7 0.30 - 31 0.18 - 206 200,000

 Water, Untreated 375 180 48.0 0.30 - 194 0.18 - 206

BHC alpha I

 Water, Finished 44 20 ^

 Water, Untreated 44 20 ^

Bifenthrin I

 Water, Finished 255 3.2 - 5.0

 Water, Untreated 257 3.2 - 5.0

Bromacil H

 Water, Finished 263 2.5 - 9.6 90,000

 Water, Untreated 262 32 12.2 4.2 - 77 2.5 - 9.6

Bromoxynil H

 Water, Finished 195 6.0 - 39

 Water, Untreated 197 1 0.5 65 ^ 6.0 - 39

Butachlor H

 Water, Finished 263 1.9 - 5.3

 Water, Untreated 263 1.9 - 5.3

Butylate H

 Water, Finished 255 1.8 - 10 400,000

 Water, Untreated 257 1.8 - 10

Carbaryl I

 Water, Finished 374 1 0.3 19 ^ 4.7 - 23 700,000

 Water, Untreated 375 3 0.8 7.8 - 17 4.7 - 23

Carbendazim (MBC) F

 Water, Finished 230 1.8 - 15

 Water, Untreated 231 1.8 - 15

Carbofuran I

 Water, Finished 374 0.60 - 17 40,000 40,000

 Water, Untreated 375 0.60 - 17

Carbophenothion I

 Water, Finished 230 5.3 - 11

 Water, Untreated 232 5.3 - 11

Appendix J. Page 2 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Chloramben H

 Water, Finished 119 60 ^ 100,000

 Water, Untreated 118 60 ^

Chlordane cis I

 Water, Finished 225 2.3 - 5.0 2000 4

 Water, Untreated 227 2.3 - 5.0 2400

Chlordane trans I

 Water, Finished 230 2.3 - 5.0 2000 4

 Water, Untreated 232 2.3 - 5.0 2400

Chlorfenvinphos total I

 Water, Finished 374 7.5 - 24

 Water, Untreated 376 7.5 - 24

Chlorimuron ethyl H

 Water, Finished 144 8 5.6 9.5 - 22 5.7 - 13

 Water, Untreated 144 18 12.5 9.5 - 52 5.7 - 13

Chlorothalonil F

 Water, Finished 111 50 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 50 ^

Chlorpyrifos I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 11 20,000

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 11

Chlorpyrifos methyl I

 Water, Finished 230 11.3 - 14

 Water, Untreated 232 11.3 - 14

Chlorpyrifos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 111 510 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 510 ^

Clopyralid H

 Water, Finished 364 35 9.6 5.7 - 190 3.4 - 151

 Water, Untreated 365 30 8.2 5.7 - 100 3.4 - 151

Coumaphos I

 Water, Finished 230 3.8 - 61

 Water, Untreated 232 3.8 - 61

Cyanazine H

 Water, Finished 374 1.7 - 25 1000

 Water, Untreated 376 4 1.1 2.8 ^ 1.7 - 25

Cycloate H

 Water, Finished 256 3.3 - 6.0

 Water, Untreated 255 3.3 - 6.0

Cyfluthrin I

 Water, Finished 255 40 - 75

 Water, Untreated 257 40 - 75

Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L 

+ R157836 epimer) I

 Water, Finished 255 21 - 75

 Water, Untreated 257 21 - 75

Appendix J. Page 3 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Cypermethrin I

 Water, Finished 255 74 - 90

 Water, Untreated 257 74 - 90

DCPA H

 Water, Finished 230 0.80 - 2.5 70,000

 Water, Untreated 232 0.75 - 2.5

DCPA monoacid HM

 Water, Finished 119 222 - 740

 Water, Untreated 118 222 - 740

DDD o,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DDD p,p' IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DDE o,p' IM

 Water, Finished 111 4.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 4.0 ^

DDE p,p' IM

 Water, Finished 230 2.5 - 7.5

 Water, Untreated 232 2.5 - 7.5

DDT o,p' I

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DDT p,p' I

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

DEF (Tribufos) H

 Water, Finished 141 3.8 - 8.0

 Water, Untreated 143 3.8 - 8.0

Deltamethrin (includes parent 

Tralomethrin) I

 Water, Finished 144 84 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 84 ^

Desethyl atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 374 247 66.0 0.72 - 869 0.43 - 25

 Water, Untreated 376 271 72.1 0.72 - 1078 0.43 - 25

Desisopropyl atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 374 150 40.1 2.7 - 139 1.6 - 50

 Water, Untreated 376 167 44.4 2.7 - 330 1.6 - 50

Diazinon I

 Water, Finished 230 6.2 - 7.5 600

 Water, Untreated 232 6.2 - 7.5

Diazinon oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 9.0 - 49

 Water, Untreated 232 9.0 - 49

Appendix J. Page 4 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Dicamba H

 Water, Finished 111 266 ^ 200,000

 Water, Untreated 113 266 ^

Dichlobenil H

 Water, Finished 225 6.7 - 45

 Water, Untreated 227 6.7 - 45

Dichlorprop H

 Water, Finished 119 5 4.2 3.0 ^ 1.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 118 5 4.2 3.0 - 11 1.8 ^

Dichlorvos (DDVP) I

 Water, Finished 230 16 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 232 16 - 22.5

Dicloran F

 Water, Finished 119 7.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 7.5 ^

Dicofol p,p' I

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 11.3

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 11.3

Dicrotophos I

 Water, Finished 111 132 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 132 ^

Dieldrin I

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 15 2000

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 15 240

Dimethenamid ESA HM

 Water, Finished 111 45 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 45 ^

Dimethenamid oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 255 20 7.8 1.0 - 23 0.63 - 45

 Water, Untreated 257 31 12.1 1.0 - 54 0.63 - 45

Dimethenamid/Dimethenamid P H

 Water, Finished 374 35 9.4 1.0 - 75 0.60 - 45

 Water, Untreated 375 65 17.3 1.0 - 76 0.60 - 45

Dimethoate I

 Water, Finished 230 5.3 - 52

 Water, Untreated 232 5.3 - 52

Dinoseb H

 Water, Finished 119 25 21.0 1.0 - 7.1 0.60 ^ 7000 7000

 Water, Untreated 118 3 2.5 1.0 ^ 0.60 ^

Diphenamid H

 Water, Finished 119 24 ^ 200,000

 Water, Untreated 119 24 ^

Disulfoton I

 Water, Finished 374 6.0 - 8.8 300

 Water, Untreated 376 6.0 - 8.8

Appendix J. Page 5 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Disulfoton sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 263 3.8 - 8.8

 Water, Untreated 263 3.8 - 8.8

Diuron H

 Water, Finished 263 4 1.5 5.8 ^ 3.5 - 16 10,000

 Water, Untreated 262 20 7.6 5.8 - 27 3.5 - 16

Endosulfan I I

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 22.5 220

Endosulfan II IM

 Water, Finished 230 12 - 18.8 220

 Water, Untreated 232 12 - 18.8 220

Endosulfan sulfate IM

 Water, Finished 119 30 - 46.8

 Water, Untreated 119 30 - 46.8

Endrin I

 Water, Finished 230 22 - 52.5 2000 2000

 Water, Untreated 232 22 - 52.5 86

EPTC H

 Water, Finished 369 2.5 - 117.8

 Water, Untreated 371 2.5 - 117.8

Esfenvalerate I

 Water, Finished 111 50 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 50 ^

Esfenvalerate+Fenvalerate Total I

 Water, Finished 144 19 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 19 ^

Ethalfluralin H

 Water, Finished 230 50 - 60

 Water, Untreated 232 50 - 60

Ethion I

 Water, Finished 374 2.3 - 25

 Water, Untreated 376 2.3 - 25

Ethion di oxon IM

 Water, Finished 111 35 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 35 ^

Ethion mono oxon IM

 Water, Finished 230 3.8 - 51

 Water, Untreated 232 3.8 - 51

Ethoprop I

 Water, Finished 369 4.5 - 6.0

 Water, Untreated 371 4.5 - 6.0

Fenamiphos I

 Water, Finished 230 7.5 - 26 2000

 Water, Untreated 232 7.5 - 26

Appendix J. Page 6 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Fenamiphos sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 111 193 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 193 ^

Fenarimol F

 Water, Finished 119 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 37.5 ^

Fenitrothion I

 Water, Finished 374 6.0 - 52

 Water, Untreated 376 6.0 - 52

Fenpropathrin I

 Water, Finished 263 14 - 60

 Water, Untreated 263 14 - 60

Fenthion I

 Water, Finished 374 6.0 - 22

 Water, Untreated 376 6.0 - 22

Fenthion-O analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 7.5 - 99

 Water, Untreated 232 7.5 - 99

Fenuron H

 Water, Finished 230 15 - 27

 Water, Untreated 231 15 - 27

Fludioxonil F

 Water, Finished 119 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 37.5 ^

Flufenacet H

 Water, Finished 111 45 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 45 ^

Flufenacet ESA HM

 Water, Finished 111 45 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 45 ^

Flufenacet OA HM

 Water, Finished 144 24 16.7 1.2 - 26 0.75 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 21 14.6 1.2 - 15 0.75 ^

Flumetsulam H

 Water, Finished 230 4 1.7 10 ^ 6.0 - 129

 Water, Untreated 231 7 3.0 10 ^ 6.0 - 129

Fluometuron H

 Water, Finished 119 1.2 ^ 90,000

 Water, Untreated 118 1 0.8 2.0 ^ 1.2 ^

Fluvalinate I

 Water, Finished 144 79 - 130

 Water, Untreated 144 79 - 130

Fonofos I

 Water, Finished 119 7.5 ^ 10,000

 Water, Untreated 119 7.5 ^

Appendix J. Page 7 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Formetanate I

 Water, Finished 18 1500 ^

 Water, Untreated 20 1500 ^

Halosulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 144 3.3 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 3.3 ^

Heptachlor I

 Water, Finished 111 5.0 ^ 400

 Water, Untreated 113 5.0 ^ 520

Heptachlor epoxide IM

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 15 200

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 15 520

Hexachlorobenzene FM

 Water, Finished 111 10 ^ 1000

 Water, Untreated 113 10 ^

Hydroxy Atrazine HM

 Water, Finished 144 96 66.7 4.2 - 120 1.2 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 97 67.4 2.0 - 440 1.2 ^

3-Hydroxycarbofuran IM

 Water, Finished 230 24 - 46

 Water, Untreated 231 24 - 46

Imazamethabenz acid H

 Water, Finished 144 1 0.7 2.2 ^ 0.60 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 1 0.7 2.0 ^ 0.60 ^

Imazamethabenz methyl H

 Water, Finished 374 1 0.3 5.2 ^ 0.15 - 4.2

 Water, Untreated 375 1 0.3 5.2 ^ 0.15 - 4.2

Imazamox H

 Water, Finished 263 1 0.4 4.0 ^ 1.8 - 3.1

 Water, Untreated 262 1.8 - 3.1

Imazapic H

 Water, Finished 263 5 1.9 1.5 - 4.0 0.90 - 2.4

 Water, Untreated 262 5 1.9 1.5 - 4.0 0.90 - 2.4

Imazapyr H

 Water, Finished 263 156 59.3 1.5 - 31 0.90 - 1.0

 Water, Untreated 262 116 44.3 1.5 - 29 0.90 - 1.0

Imazaquin H

 Water, Finished 374 27 7.2 1.8 - 38 1.1 - 9.3

 Water, Untreated 375 27 7.2 1.8 - 58 1.1 - 9.3

Imazethapyr H

 Water, Finished 374 77 20.6 2.0 - 63 1.0 - 7.9

 Water, Untreated 375 67 17.9 2.0 - 36 1.0 - 7.9

Imidacloprid I

 Water, Finished 230 1.5 - 42

 Water, Untreated 231 1.5 - 42

Appendix J. Page 8 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Isofenphos I

 Water, Finished 230 4.5 - 9.5

 Water, Untreated 232 4.5 - 9.5

Isofenphos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 111 52 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 52 ^

Lindane (BHC gamma) I

 Water, Finished 374 10 - 20 200 200

 Water, Untreated 376 10 - 20 950

Linuron H

 Water, Finished 374 2.5 - 189

 Water, Untreated 376 2 0.5 4.2 - 11 2.5 - 189

Malathion I

 Water, Finished 374 6.0 - 21 100,000

 Water, Untreated 376 6.0 - 21

Malathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 119 6.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 6.0 ^

MCPA H

 Water, Finished 374 1 0.3 152 ^ 7.2 - 91 4000

 Water, Untreated 375 7.2 - 91

MCPB H

 Water, Finished 374 6.6 - 228

 Water, Untreated 375 6.6 - 228

Mecoprop (MCPP) H

 Water, Finished 111 52 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 52 ^

Metalaxyl F

 Water, Finished 374 3.0 - 36

 Water, Untreated 376 1 0.3 10 ^ 3.0 - 36

Methidathion I

 Water, Finished 230 5.3 - 31

 Water, Untreated 232 5.3 - 31

Methidathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 22.5 - 915

 Water, Untreated 232 22.5 - 915

Methiocarb I

 Water, Finished 230 15 - 22

 Water, Untreated 231 15 - 22

Methomyl I

 Water, Finished 230 3.6 - 25 200,000

 Water, Untreated 231 3.6 - 25

Methoxychlor olefin IM

 Water, Finished 119 3.8 ^ 40,000 40,000

 Water, Untreated 119 3.8 ^

Appendix J. Page 9 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Methoxychlor Total I

 Water, Finished 230 7.5 - 40 40,000 40,000

 Water, Untreated 232 7.5 - 40

Metolachlor H

 Water, Finished 374 161 43.0 2.5 - 290 1.5 - 45 100,000

 Water, Untreated 376 184 48.9 2.5 - 430 1.5 - 45

Metolachlor ethanesulfonic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 277 74.1 0.60 - 1917 0.36 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 280 74.5 0.60 - 3603 0.36 - 45

Metolachlor oxanilic acid HM

 Water, Finished 374 235 62.8 5.3 - 1200 3.2 - 45

 Water, Untreated 376 246 65.4 5.3 - 1500 3.2 - 45

Metribuzin H

 Water, Finished 230 35 - 45 200,000

 Water, Untreated 232 35 - 45

Metsulfuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 238 1.5 - 28

 Water, Untreated 237 4 1.7 2.5 - 5.0 1.5 - 28

Mevinphos Total I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 15

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 15

Molinate H

 Water, Finished 225 9.8 - 12

 Water, Untreated 227 9.8 - 12

Monuron H

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 54

 Water, Untreated 231 6.0 - 54

Myclobutanil F

 Water, Finished 230 4 1.7 18.8 ^ 5.0 - 11.3

 Water, Untreated 232 2 0.9 18.8 ^ 5.0 - 11.3

Napropamide H

 Water, Finished 230 24 - 25

 Water, Untreated 232 24 - 25

Neburon H

 Water, Finished 374 1.2 - 75

 Water, Untreated 375 1.2 - 75

Nicosulfuron H

 Water, Finished 263 20 7.6 3.0 - 35 1.8 - 4.8

 Water, Untreated 262 31 11.8 3.0 - 35 1.8 - 4.8

Norflurazon H

 Water, Finished 230 18.8 - 31

 Water, Untreated 232 18.8 - 31

Norflurazon desmethyl HM

 Water, Finished 225 37.5 - 72

 Water, Untreated 227 37.5 - 72

Appendix J. Page 10 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Oxadiazon H

 Water, Finished 230 15 ^

 Water, Untreated 232 15 ^

Oxadixyl F

 Water, Finished 119 48.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 48.8 ^

Oxamyl I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 20 200,000 200,000

 Water, Untreated 231 6.0 - 20

Oxychlordane IM

 Water, Finished 119 7.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 7.5 ^

Oxydemeton methyl I

 Water, Finished 111 255 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 255 ^

Oxyfluorfen H

 Water, Finished 230 11.3 - 25

 Water, Untreated 232 11.3 - 25

Parathion ethyl I

 Water, Finished 263 7.5 - 15

 Water, Untreated 263 7.5 - 15

Parathion methyl I

 Water, Finished 263 4.5 - 53

 Water, Untreated 263 4.5 - 53

Parathion methyl oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 9.8 - 195

 Water, Untreated 232 9.8 - 195

Parathion oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 7.5 - 104

 Water, Untreated 232 7.5 - 104

Pebulate H

 Water, Finished 225 2.3 - 25

 Water, Untreated 227 2.3 - 25

Pendimethalin H

 Water, Finished 230 4.5 - 5.0

 Water, Untreated 232 4.5 - 5.0

Permethrin cis IM

 Water, Finished 255 1 0.4 68 ^ 4.5 - 8.0

 Water, Untreated 257 4.5 - 8.0

Permethrin trans I

 Water, Finished 144 7.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 7.5 ^

Appendix J. Page 11 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Phenthoate I

 Water, Finished 119 15 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 15 ^

Phorate I

 Water, Finished 230 5.2 - 11.3

 Water, Untreated 232 5.2 - 11.2

Phorate oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 5.3 - 10

 Water, Untreated 232 5.3 - 10

Phorate sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 16

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 16

Phorate sulfoxide IM

 Water, Finished 230 37.5 - 199

 Water, Untreated 232 37.5 - 199

Phosalone I

 Water, Finished 230 4.5 - 52

 Water, Untreated 232 4.5 - 52

Phosalone oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 111 631 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 631 ^

Phosmet I

 Water, Finished 111 227 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 227 ^

Phosphamidon I

 Water, Finished 230 12 - 297

 Water, Untreated 232 12 - 297

Picloram H

 Water, Finished 374 22 - 447 500,000 500,000

 Water, Untreated 375 1 0.3 37 ^ 22 - 447

Piperonyl butoxide I

 Water, Finished 119 18.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 18.8 ^

Pirimicarb I

 Water, Finished 119 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 37.5 ^

Pirimiphos methyl I

 Water, Finished 230 5.3 - 8.8

 Water, Untreated 232 5.3 - 8.8

Prallethrin I

 Water, Finished 144 25 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 25 ^

Appendix J. Page 12 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Profenofos I

 Water, Finished 230 3.8 - 30

 Water, Untreated 232 3.8 - 30

Prometon H

 Water, Finished 374 199 53.2 0.28 - 83 0.17 - 50 100,000

 Water, Untreated 376 212 56.4 0.28 - 65 0.17 - 50

Prometryn H

 Water, Finished 374 11 2.9 0.28 - 89 0.17 - 24

 Water, Untreated 376 54 14.4 0.28 - 118 0.17 - 24

Pronamide H

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 22.5 50,000

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 22.5

Propachlor H

 Water, Finished 374 1 0.3 2.1 ^ 0.64 - 16 90,000

 Water, Untreated 376 0.64 - 16

Propachlor OA HM

 Water, Finished 144 1.4 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 1.4 ^

Propanil H

 Water, Finished 374 2.9 - 25

 Water, Untreated 376 2.9 - 25

Propargite I

 Water, Finished 230 90 - 180

 Water, Untreated 232 90 - 180

Propetamphos I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 8.4

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 8.4

Propham H

 Water, Finished 119 18 ^ 100,000

 Water, Untreated 118 18 ^

Propiconazole F

 Water, Finished 230 37.5 - 55

 Water, Untreated 232 37.5 - 55

Propoxur I

 Water, Finished 119 24.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 24.8 ^

Quintozene (PCNB) F

 Water, Finished 119 11.3 ^

 Water, Untreated 119 11.3 ^

Resmethrin I

 Water, Finished 144 7.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 7.8 ^

Appendix J. Page 13 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

S-(2-hydroxy)propyl EPTC HM

 Water, Finished 111 125 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 125 ^

Siduron H

 Water, Finished 263 1 0.4 3.5 ^ 2.1 - 2.4

 Water, Untreated 262 3 1.1 3.5 - 16 2.1 - 2.4

Simazine H

 Water, Finished 374 179 47.9 1.2 - 287 0.71 - 50 4000 4,000

 Water, Untreated 376 202 53.7 1.2 - 731 0.71 - 50

Sulfometuron methyl H

 Water, Finished 255 2 0.8 3.2 - 13 1.9 - 15

 Water, Untreated 257 5 1.9 3.2 - 14 1.9 - 15

Sulfotep I

 Water, Finished 225 2.4 - 4.5

 Water, Untreated 227 2.4 - 4.5

Sulprofos I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 11

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 11

Sulprofos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 111 37 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 37 ^

Tebuconazole F

 Water, Finished 230 60 - 62

 Water, Untreated 232 60 - 62

Tebupirimfos I

 Water, Finished 230 5.6 - 7.5

 Water, Untreated 232 5.6 - 7.5

Tebupirimfos oxygen analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 9.0 - 13

 Water, Untreated 232 9.0 - 13

Tebuthiuron H

 Water, Finished 374 141 37.7 0.35 - 3.8 0.21 - 10 500,000

 Water, Untreated 375 164 43.7 0.35 - 7.8 0.21 - 10

Tecnazene P

 Water, Finished 114 18.8 ^

 Water, Untreated 114 18.8 ^

Tefluthrin I

 Water, Finished 255 2.1 - 5.0

 Water, Untreated 257 2.1 - 5.0

Terbacil H

 Water, Finished 119 22.5 ^ 90,000

 Water, Untreated 119 22.5 ^

Appendix J. Page 14 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Terbufos I

 Water, Finished 255 5.2 - 6.3 900

 Water, Untreated 257 5.2 - 6.3

Terbufos sulfone IM

 Water, Finished 230 4.5 - 7.7

 Water, Untreated 232 4.5 - 7.7

Terbufos-O analog IM

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 12

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 12

Tetrachlorvinphos I

 Water, Finished 230 6.0 - 63

 Water, Untreated 232 6.0 - 63

Tetradifon I

 Water, Finished 89 37.5 ^

 Water, Untreated 89 37.5 ^

Tetramethrin I

 Water, Finished 144 28 ^

 Water, Untreated 144 28 ^

Thifensulfuron H

 Water, Finished 144 1.7 - 8.9

 Water, Untreated 144 1 0.7 2.8 ^ 1.7 - 8.9

Thiobencarb H

 Water, Finished 263 1.6 - 24.8

 Water, Untreated 263 1.6 - 24.8

Thiodicarb I

 Water, Finished 111 25 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 25 ^

Tolclofos methyl F

 Water, Finished 111 5.0 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 5.0 ^

Tralomethrin I

 Water, Finished 111 300 ^

 Water, Untreated 113 300 ^

Tri Allate H

 Water, Finished 374 11 - 24.8

 Water, Untreated 376 11 - 24.8

Triadimefon F

 Water, Finished 230 5.0 - 22.5

 Water, Untreated 232 5.0 - 22.5

Triasulfuron H

 Water, Finished 144 1.6 - 3.1

 Water, Untreated 144 1.6 - 3.1

Appendix J. Page 15 of 16
Pesticide / Commodity

Pest. 

Type

Number 

of 

Samples

Samples 

with 

Detects

% of 

Samples 

with 

Detects

Range of 

Values 

Detected, ppt

Range of 

LODs, ppt

EPA MCL, 

ppt 1

EPA HA2, 

ppt 1

EPA 

FAO3

, 

ppt 1

Triclopyr H

 Water, Finished 230 74 32.2 10 - 174 6.0 - 42

 Water, Untreated 231 70 30.3 10 - 283 6.0 - 42

Trifluralin H

 Water, Finished 220 1.5 - 3.3 5000

 Water, Untreated 222 1.5 - 3.3

Vinclozolin F

 Water, Finished 200 5.0 - 6.0

 Water, Untreated 202 5.0 - 6.0

NOTES

1

 = EPA MCL, HA, and FAO values have been multiplied by a factor of 1,000,000 as a basis for comparison using a single scale.

 There is no intention to imply any more exactness in the value than that originally expressed by EPA.

2 = EPA Health Advisory values shown are for lifetime exposure.

3

 = The FAO value applies to ambient water rather than drinking water.

4

 = The MCL for chlordane is inclusive of the isomers.

^

 = Only one distinct detected concentration or LOD value was reported for the pair.

Pesticide Types:

F = Fungicide, FM = Fungicide Metabolite

H = Herbicide, HM = Herbicide Metabolite

I = Insecticide, IM = Insecticide Metabolite

P = Plant Growth Regulator

Appendix J. Page 16 of 16
Appendix K

Sample Origin by State or Country 

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Appendix K gives the number of fruit and vegetables, dairy, and bottled water 

samples per State or country of origin and the number of samples of unknown origin. 

Where available, origin of fresh commodities is taken from the grower or packer 

information. For processed commodities, origin is determined primarily by packer or 

distributor. 

As shown in Appendix K, fruit and vegetable, dairy, and bottled water samples 

originated from 39 States and 27 foreign countries. There were 247 domestic and 53 

imported samples from unknown States and countries, respectively. There were an 

additional 93 samples from unknown countries of origin. Pork, soybean, and wheat 

samples were all of domestic origin. Overall, for all samples except drinking water, 84 

percent were from U.S. sources, 14 percent were imports, 1 percent were of mixed 

origin, and approximately 1 percent were of unknown origin. 
Part 1. Domestic Samples

H2O No. of % of

States = 39 AP CF CN EP GB GF GR LT OG PE PU ST WM WS GZ OJ PD CM MK WB Domestic Total

Alabama 2 2 <0.1

Arizona 1 12 11 1 3 1 1 2 28 3 63 0.5

Arkansas 8 5 3 13 9 38 0.3

California 36 678 155 123 330 324 652 595 87 310 604 32 147 64 79 111 73 156 58 4614 39.6

Colorado 1 4 1 1 6 1 5 2 1 1 23 4 50 0.4

Connecticut 3 1 1 3 55 63 0.5

Florida 1 4 59 72 60 211 20 5 62 3 7 65 27 27 29 256 1 23 59 16 1007 8.6

Georgia 1 2 56 2 16 3 10 16 106 0.9

Hawaii 4 4 <0.1

Idaho 8 1 42 35 4 21 33 6 150 1.3

Illinois 2 2 16 7 2 6 25 1 61 0.5

Kansas 4 4 <0.1

Kentucky 2 1 5 11 2 21 0.2

Louisiana 11 2 <0.1

Maine 1 5 1 1 1 3 12 0.1

Maryland 3 2 5 6 1 1 6 2 2 28 16 1 19 28 3 123 1.1

Massachusetts 2 1 2 11 20 1 37 0.3

Michigan 33 14 6 1 2 6 39 27 10 5 23 39 13 218 1.9

Minnesota 1 3 1 4 3 2 1 28 8 11 22 5 89 0.8

Mississippi 1 1 <0.1

Missouri 1 1 1 4 7 0.1

New Hampshire 1 1 <0.1

New Jersey 15 3 17 3 5 16 38 97 0.8

New Mexico 1 4 5 <0.1

New York 53 1 16 5 2 22 55 1 4 10 31 34 234 2.0

North Carolina 7 5 2 3 1 6 3 2 29 0.2

Ohio 5 2 2 12 7 1 1 1 2 23 38 32 2 39 85 23 275 2.4

Oklahoma 3 3 <0.1

Oregon 6 91 2 30 4 2 10 7 152 1.3

Pennsylvania 2 1 1 1 1 1 10 3 6 11 7 44 0.4

Rhode Island 1 1 <0.1

South Carolina 4 4 <0.1

Tennessee 19 6 25 0.2

Texas 20 22 20 16 7 172 12 23 29 11 15 26 10 45 63 5 54 88 21 659 5.7

Vermont 1 1 <0.1

Virginia 3 3 2 5 13 0.1

Washington 540 3 5 3 9 231 6 12 7 1 21 22 4 864 7.4

West Virginia 1 1 <0.1

Wisconsin 4 3 3 3 1 4 2 3 1 3 1 2 3 6 5 2 8 15 3 72 0.6

Unknown State 7 8 3 56 7 9 5 10 13 10 11 4 15 52 3 5 1 5 23 247 2.1

No. of Domestics 724 725 269 424 106 735 371 733 705 443 340 693 114 408 474 554 146 369 746 320 9,399

% of Total 97 98 48 58 59 99 50 99 95 80 59 94 63 56 85 74 95 100 100 85 80.7

Number and Percentage computed with 690 Pork samples, 974 Soybean samples, and 674 Wheat samples of domestic origin added: 11,737 83.8

Fresh F&V Processed F&V Dairy

APPENDIX K. SAMPLE ORIGIN BY STATE OR COUNTRY 1 

(Determined by Grower, Packer, or Distributor)

Appendix K. Page 1 of 3
Part 2. Imported Samples

H2O No. of % of

Countries = 27 AP CF CN EP GB GF GR LT OG PE PU ST WM WS GZ OJ PD CM MK WB Imports Total

Argentina 51 2 53 0.5

Australia 18 18 0.2

Bahamas 2 2 <0.1

Belgium 3 3 <0.1

Belize 1 1 <0.1

Brazil 3 22 25 0.2

Canada 4 7 3 3 2 10 39 11 79 0.7

Chile 8 284 1 46 227 4 570 4.9

China 6 6 0.1

Costa Rica 83 5 88 0.8

Dominican Republic 2 2 <0.1

Egypt 6 6 0.1

Fiji 14 14 0.1

France 9 1 26 36 0.3

Guatemala 90 4 94 0.8

Honduras 86 15 36 137 1.2

Japan 1 1 <0.1

Korea, Republic of 2 2 <0.1

Mexico 6 9 265 59 2 63 3 2 1 43 48 258 1 3 763 6.6

Netherlands 6 6 0.1

New Zealand 7 1 1 2 11 0.1

Nicaragua 3 1 4 8 0.1

Panama 1 1 <0.1

Peru 4 1 5 <0.1

South Africa 12 1 13 0.1

Taiwan 1 1 <0.1

United Kingdom 1 1 <0.1

Unknown Country 2 14 1 13 6 1 15 1 53 0.5

No. of Imports 19 15 287 289 59 5 367 6 33 110 230 44 53 310 80 32 5 0 0 55 1999

% of Total 3 2 51 39 33 1 50 1 4 20 40 6 29 42 14 4 3 0 0 14 17.2

Number and Percentage computed with 14 Pork samples originating from Canada added: 2,013 14.4

Part 3. Mixed National Origin Samples

H2O No. of % of

GZ OJ PD CM MK WB Mixed Orig Total

Argentina / Chile / France / USA 1 1 <0.1

Belize / Brazil 1 1 <0.1

Belize / Brazil / Mexico / USA 2 2 <0.1

Belize / Costa Rica 4 4 <0.1

Brazil / Costa Rica 2 2 <0.1

Brazil / Costa Rica / USA 10 10 0.1

Brazil / Mexico 7 7 0.1

Brazil / Mexico / USA 40 40 0.3

Brazil / USA 81 81 0.7

Honduras / Mexico / USA 4 4 <0.1

Mexico / USA 2 2 <0.1

Multi-Country Origin - Countries Unknown 2 2 <0.1

No. of Mixed National Origin Samples 155 1 156

% of Total 21 1 1.3

Fresh F&V Processed F&V Dairy

Processed F&V Dairy

Appendix K. Page 2 of 3
Part 4. Unknown Origin Samples

H2O No. of % of

AP CF CN EP GB GF GR LT OG PE PU ST WM WS GZ OJ PD CM MK WB Unknown Total

Unknown Origin 1 2 23 16 2 1 4 3 2 3 15 13 1 3 1 3 93

% of Total <1 <1 3 9 <1 <1 1 <1 <1 1 8 2 <1 <1 1 1 0.8

SAMPLE TOTALS 743 741 558 736 181 742 739 743 741 555 573 737 182 731 555 744 153 369 746 378 11,647

Grand Total computed with 704 Pork samples, 974 Soybean samples, and 674 Wheat samples added: 13,999

NOTE

1

 Excludes soybean, wheat, pork, and treated/untreated drinking water samples.

Commodity Legend

AP = Apples GR = Grapes PE = Pears

CF = Cauliflower GZ = Green Beans (Frozen) PU = Plums

CM = Heavy Cream LT = Lettuce ST = Strawberries

CN = Cantaloupe MK = Milk WB = Bottled Water

EP = Eggplant OG = Oranges WM = Watermelon

GB = Green Beans OJ = Orange Juice WS = Winter Squash

GF = Grapefruit PD = Plums, Dried (Prunes)

Fresh F&V Processed F&V Dairy

Appendix K. Page 3 of 3
Appendix L 

Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons 

 

PDP is designed to provide a comprehensive statistical picture of pesticide 

residues in the U.S. food supply, representing all sources, including imports. Most 

commodities consumed are generally produced in the United States with import 

components that vary by commodity. However, several commodities tested over the 

past several years were cyclical; that is, part of the year the commodity was produced 

domestically and part of the year it was imported. 

Appendix L compares residue data reported for samples originating in the 

United States with those of the same commodity from major exporting countries. 

Residue data for domestic winter squash are compared with data for samples 

originating in Mexico for 2005 only. Residue data for grapes from the United States 

are compared with data for samples originating in Chile for 2004 and 2005. For 

cantaloupe, 2003-2005 data from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua 

were combined and compared with data from the United States. Only residues 

detected in more than 10 percent of all samples are included in each comparison. All 

pesticides detected were registered in the United States. However, the profiles of 

residue findings were markedly different in the United States samples versus samples 

from these exporting countries. The differences in residue detections between 

countries were likely due to the pesticides used in response to pest pressures based 

on differing environmental, climatic, and growing conditions. 
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2005 408 177 43.4 250

Mexico 2005 258 98 38.0 147

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Dieldrin United States 408 48 11.8

Mexico 258 0 0

Endosulfan sulfate United States 408 46 11.3

Mexico 258 57 22.1

o-Phenylphenol United States 376 72 19.1

Mexico 250 50 20.0

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in winter squash are listed in Appendix B.

Appendix L. Import vs. Domestic Pesticide Residue Comparisons

2005 Distribution of Residues for Winter Squash

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Mexico

2005 Distribution of Residues for Winter Squash Samples

Originating in Mexico vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix L. Page 1 of 3
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2004 390 271 69.5 473

2005 371 215 58.0 397

2004-2005 761 486 63.9 870

Chile 2004 287 256 89.2 768

2005 284 244 85.9 737

2004-2005 571 500 87.6 1,505

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Captan United States 726 18 2.5

Chile 571 235 41.2

Chlorpyrifos United States 761 15 2.0

Chile 571 162 28.4

Cyprodinil United States 761 172 22.6

Chile 571 201 35.2

Ethephon United States 186 106 57.0

Chile 255 44 17.3

Fludioxonil United States 761 9 1.2

Chile 571 176 30.8

Imidacloprid United States 761 120 15.8

Chile 571 80 14.0

Iprodione United States 761 22 2.9

Chile 571 166 29.1

Myclobutanil United States 761 141 18.5

Chile 571 53 9.3

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in grapes are listed in Appendix B.

2004-2005 Distribution of Residues for Grapes

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in Chile

2004-2005 Distribution of Residues for Grape Samples

Originating in Chile vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

Appendix L. Page 2 of 3
Origin Year

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

# of Residues 

Detected

United States 2003 144 69 47.9 84

2004 394 132 33.5 165

2005 269 102 37.9 141

2003-2005 807 303 37.5 390

Central America1 2003 35 33 94.3 52

2004 325 258 79.4 436

2005 262 173 66.0 281

2003-2005 622 464 74.6 769

Pesticide Origin

# of Samples 

Analyzed

# of Samples 

w/ Detections

% of Samples 

w/ Detections

Endosulfan sulfate United States 807 192 23.8

Central America1 622 372 59.8

Methomyl United States 807 37 4.6

Central America1 622 205 33.0

1 Combined findings from Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

NOTE: The Limits of Detection (LODs) for pesticide detections in cantaloupe are listed in Appendix B.

2003-2005 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe Samples

Originating in Central America1

 vs. United States

(Only Pesticides with Residue Detections in at least 10 Percent of all Samples)

 Central America1

2003-2005 Distribution of Residues for Cantaloupe

United States Samples vs. Samples Originating in

Appendix L. Page 3 of 3
Appendix M 

National Estimates for 

Concentration Percentiles vs. Tolerance

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples)

Appendix M shows 78 pesticide/commodity pairs (including metabolites, 

isomers, and degradates) with detections in at least 10 percent of the samples tested. 

Concentrations detected are arranged in percentiles. The 90th percentile is compared 

to the Environmental Protection Agency tolerance established for each pesticide/

commodity pair. 

The meaning of a percentile can be most easily explained through an example. 

For the apples/thiabendazole pair, the 50th percentile, or median, is estimated to be 

0.13 ppm. This means that PDP estimates that at least 50 percent of apples available 

to U.S. consumers had thiabendazole residues of 0.13 ppm or less, while at least 50 

percent had residues of 0.13 ppm or more. Similarly, the 75th percentile (or the upper 

quartile) for this pair is estimated to be 0.49 ppm, which means that at least 75 percent 

of apples had thiabendazole residues of 0.49 ppm or less, while at least 25 percent 

had residues of 0.49 ppm or more. Finally, the 90th percentile is estimated to be 1.2 

ppm, meaning that at least 90 percent of all apples had thiabendazole residues of 1.2 

ppm or less, while at least 10 percent had residues of 1.2 ppm or more. 

Percent detections and percentiles for apples, cantaloupe, cauliflower, eggplant, 

grapefruit, grapes, lettuce, oranges, pears, plums, strawberries, and winter squash 

were weighted based on marketing data. 
APPENDIX M. NATIONAL ESTIMATES FOR CONCENTRATION PERCENTILES vs. TOLERANCE

(Pairs With Residue Detections in at Least 10 Percent of Samples 1)

% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

1 Apples (W)

Acetamiprid 80.0 0.014 0.014 0.007 0.019 0.036 0.036

Azinphos methyl 32.4 0.017 0.024 * 0.02 0.06 0.037

Carbendazim (MBC) 20.0 0.004 0.004 * * 0.004 0.001

Diphenylamine 81.5 0.37 0.37 0.041 0.57 1.2 0.12

Imidacloprid 26.1 0.001 0.003 * * 0.002 0.004

Phosmet 20.6 0.010 0.013 * * 0.028 0.003

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) 14.8 0.030 0.057 * * 0.092 0.004

Thiabendazole 87.9 0.41 0.42 0.13 0.49 1.2 0.12

2 Cantaloupe (W) (January - September only) 

Endosulfan sulfate 19.4 0.004 0.009 * * 0.018 0.009

Methomyl 11.1 0.005 0.016 * * 0.014 0.070

3 Cauliflower (W) 

Imidacloprid 84.8 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.003 0.007 0.002

4 Eggplant (W)

Endosulfan sulfate 11.9 0.002 0.008 * * 0.007 0.004

5 Grapefruit (W)

Imazalil 49.2 0.046 0.066 * 0.075 0.12 0.012

o-Phenylphenol 10.1 0.002 0.058 * < 0.001 0.012 0.001

Thiabendazole 34.0 0.037 0.057 * 0.055 0.13 0.013

6 Grapes (W)

Captan 13.0 0.013 0.020 * * 0.030 0.001

Chlorpyrifos 10.5 0.003 0.006 * * 0.004 0.009

Cyprodinil 26.9 0.040 0.046 * 0.011 0.12 0.060

Fludioxonil 11.2 0.012 0.023 * * 0.029 0.029

Imidacloprid 18.6 0.008 0.016 * * 0.022 0.022

Iprodione 14.0 0.027 0.045 * * 0.057 0.001

Myclobutanil 16.8 0.011 0.030 * * 0.050 0.050

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) 8.5 0.014 0.073 * * * <0.001

7 Green Beans, Frozen (April - December only)

Acephate 26.8 0.033 0.036 * 0.006 0.075 0.025

Bifenthrin 12.6 0.003 0.010 * * 0.014 0.023

Methamidophos 25.4 0.014 0.017 * 0.003 0.041 0.041

Vinclozolin 47.4 0.024 0.025 * 0.031 0.072 0.036

8 Heavy Cream (in parts per billion)

Cyaholothrin, Total 23.0 0.75 1.9 * * 3.8 0.019

DDE p,p' 86.7 3.6 3.7 2.0 5.3 8.0 0.006

Dieldrin 33.1 0.56 1.1 * 0.91 1.9 0.065

Diphenylamine 82.7 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.9 1.9 0.19

Endosulfan sulfate 15.2 0.63 0.89 * * 0.55 0.001

Appendix M. Page 1 of 3
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

9 Lettuce (W)

Acetamiprid 15.9 0.004 0.004 * * 0.003 0.017

Cyhalothrin, Lambda 10.3 0.006 0.011 * * 0.007 0.002

Cyaholothrin, Total 12.3 0.008 0.013 * * 0.015 0.008

DCPA 30.6 0.002 0.003 * 0.001 0.005 0.003

DDE p,p' 14.6 0.001 0.003 * * 0.004 0.007

Diazinon 13.3 0.001 0.002 * * 0.003 0.005

Dimethoate 10.0 0.001 0.003 * * 0.002 0.001

Dimethomorph 28.1 0.074 0.089 * 0.003 0.10 0.010

Imidacloprid 73.0 0.010 0.012 0.003 0.012 0.028 0.008

Methomyl 13.3 0.015 0.019 * * 0.006 0.001

Permethrin cis 11.9 0.003 0.005 * * 0.012 NT

Permethrin trans 19.7 0.038 0.045 * * 0.069 0.003

o-Phenylphenol 17.6 0.035 0.041 * * 0.047 0.002

10 Milk (in parts per billion)

Cyaholothrin, Total 20.8 0.078 0.20 * * 0.38 0.002

DDE p,p' 85.4 0.44 0.45 0.19 0.43 0.85 0.001

Dieldrin 23.2 0.040 0.10 * * 0.20 0.001

Diphenylamine 91.6 0.34 0.34 0.15 0.21 0.56 0.056

Endosulfan sulfate 15.4 0.024 0.049 * * 0.075 < 0.001

11 Orange Juice

o-Phenylphenol 52.0 0.014 0.019 0.012 0.026 0.032 0.003

12 Oranges (W)

Imazalil 74.2 0.095 0.10 0.075 0.13 0.21 0.021

o-Phenylphenol 32.8 0.009 0.015 * 0.019 0.032 0.003

Thiabendazole 44.8 0.050 0.067 * 0.075 0.14 0.014

13 Pears (W) (January - September only)

Azinphos methyl 24.8 0.012 0.020 * * 0.040 0.027

Captan 11.5 0.027 0.035 * * 0.019 0.001

Carbaryl 9.8 0.007 0.014 * * * < 0.001

o-Phenylphenol 15.5 0.18 0.19 * * 0.036 0.001

Phosmet 14.0 0.018 0.023 * * 0.022 0.002

Thiabendazole 68.5 0.41 0.42 0.23 0.62 1.1 0.11

14 Plums (W) 

Fludioxonil 31.9 0.10 0.18 * 0.19 0.34 0.068

Iprodione 11.9 0.18 0.21 * * 0.35 0.018

Phosmet 29.3 0.007 0.009 * 0.006 0.015 0.003

15 Soybeans (in parts per billion)

Chlorpyrifos 14.5 1.3 3.8 * * 5.5 0.018

Appendix M. Page 2 of 3
% of Ratio of

Samples with Mean (ppm) 2 Percentiles (ppm) 90th Percentile

Commodity / Pesticide Detections Lower Upper 50th 75th 90th to Tolerance

16 Strawberries (W)

Captan 63.6 0.31 0.32 0.008 0.32 0,81 0.032

Cyprodinil 14.4 0.040 0.10 * * 0.11 0.022

Fenhexamid 30.2 0.063 0.088 * 0.057 0.21 0.070

Fenpropathrin 12.3 0.014 0.024 * * 0.023 0.012

Fludioxonil 18.5 0.022 0.037 * * 0.087 0.044

Malathion 17.1 0.004 0.006 * * 0.009 0.001

Methomyl 14.8 0.053 0.065 * * 0.092 0.046

Myclobutanil 37.8 0.018 0.023 * 0.008 0.056 0.11

Tetrahydrophthalimide (THPI) 61.7 0.24 0.25 0.13 0.34 0.54 0.022

Triazole alanine (TA) 11.9 0.010 0.043 * * 0.044 NT

17 Wheat (in parts per billion)

Chlorpyrifos methyl 23.1 29.6 44.2 * * 60.8 0.10

Malathion 66.9 55.6 56.6 11.0 45.0 119.0 0.015

18 Winter Squash (W) 

Endosulfan sulfate 17.6 0.003 0.009 * * 0.016 0.008

o-Phenylphenol 18.1 0.004 0.011 * * 0.019 NT

NOTES

1 Includes some pairs with detections in more than 10 percent of the samples, but with estimated detections in less than 

10 percent of the population. Excludes pairs with less than 100 sample observations.

2 The mean is estimated with a range of values. The lower bound is calculated with non-detections valued at zero. 

The upper bound is calculated using the LOD.

* The percentile value is estimated to be below the Limit of Detection (LOD)

(W) Weighted for utilization. The Percent of Samples with Detections was recalculated to reflect national estimates.

NT No Tolerance established.

Appendix M. Page 3 of 3
Appendix N

Cumulative Distributions of Residues for Selected Pesticide/

Commodity Pairs

In Appendix N, the concentrations detected (in parts per million, except where 

otherwise noted) are plotted versus the calculated percentiles for the following 12 

pesticide/commodity pairs: 

Thiabendazole / Apples 

Imidacloprid / Cauliflower 

Imazalil / Grapefruit 

Vinclozolin / Green Beans (Frozen) 

Imazalil / Oranges 

DCPA / Lettuce 

Azinphos methyl / Pears 

Iprodione / Plums 

Captan / Strawberries 

THPI / Strawberries 

DDE p,p’ / Heavy Cream 

Malathion / Wheat 

The distribution of residues for all of the PDP pesticide/commodity pairs has the 

same curved shape. For each pesticide/commodity pair, the highest percentile 

graphed in the appendix (99th) is lower than the highest concentration detected in the 

sample (refer to the value shown in each graph’s legend). Inclusion of the highest 

concentration would cause graph distortion, which would obscure concentrations in the 

low ranges. The tolerance for the pesticide/commodity pair is also indicated in the 

legend of each graph. The large dots show the percentage of the commodity at or 

below a given level of residue concentration. For example, an estimated 50 percent of 

apples available to U.S. consumers in 2005 had thiabendazole residue concentrations 

of 0.13 ppm or less. The solid lines, tailing the large dots, depict percentage values. 

The lowest value of these solid lines indicates the estimated percentage of the 

commodity available to U.S. consumers with no detectable residues. For thiabendazole 

in apples, this is 13 percent. The shaded bar denotes the range of values estimated 

for the mean. In some cases, there is convergence of the mean upper and lower 

bound into a single line due to the insignificant differences between them. For 

thiabendazole in apples, the mean range is approximately 0.41 – 0.42 ppm, 

corresponding to the 70th percentile. 
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Percentiles

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Concentration - (parts per million)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 7 ppm

MEAN

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Percentiles

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Concentration - (parts per million)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Percentiles

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Concentration - (parts per million)

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 7 ppm

MEAN

Thiabendazole / Apples

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3.5 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

LEGEND

Tolerance is 3.5 ppm

MEAN

Imidacloprid / Cauliflower

Highest Level Detected is 0.047 ppm

 Appendix N. Page 1 of 6 

Appendix N. Cumulative Distributions of Residues 

for Selected Pesticide/Commodity Pairs 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.55 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.24

0.26

0.28

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.55 ppm

MEAN

Imazalil / Grapefruit

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.4 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.22

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.4 ppm

MEAN

Vinclozolin / Green Beans (Frozen)

 Appendix N. Page 2 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.0

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

0.45

LEGEND

Tolerance is 10 ppm

MEAN

Imazalil / Oranges

Highest Level Detected is 0.74 ppm

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.17 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

0.0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.010

0.012

0.014

0.016

0.018

0.020

LEGEND

Tolerance is 2 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.17 ppm

MEAN

DCPA / Lettuce

 Appendix N. Page 3 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1.5 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.33 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

0.0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1.5 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 0.33 ppm

MEAN

Azinphos methyl / Pears

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 20 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 7.1 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

LEGEND

Tolerance is 20 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 7.1 ppm

MEAN

Iprodione / Plums

 Appendix N. Page 4 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

LEGEND

Tolerance is 25 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 6.8 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

LEGEND

Tolerance is 25 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 6.8 ppm

MEAN

Captan / Strawberries

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 25 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 2.3 ppm

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per million)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

LEGEND

Tolerance is 25 ppm

Highest Level Detected is 2.3 ppm

MEAN

THPI (Captan metabolite) / Strawberries

 Appendix N. Page 5 of 6 
Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 37 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

LEGEND

Tolerance is 1250 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 37 ppb

MEAN

DDE p,p’ / Heavy Cream

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

LEGEND

Tolerance is 8000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 2577 ppb

MEAN

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Percentiles

Concentration - (parts per BILLION)

30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

LEGEND

Tolerance is 8000 ppb

Highest Level Detected is 2577 ppb

MEAN

Malathion / Wheat

Appendix N. Page 6 of 6 
Appendix O

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Appendix O shows the percentage of samples versus the number of pesticides 

detected per sample, excluding drinking water and the soybean rust/aphid special 

survey. The graph and data on page 1 show the overall number of samples and 

percentages (of total number of samples analyzed) for each detection group across all 

commodities. The table on page 2 shows the number of pesticides detected by 

individual commodity. For the 13,693 samples analyzed, 33.7 percent of the samples 

had no detectable pesticides, 29.9 percent had 1 pesticide, and 36.4 percent of the 

samples had more than 1 pesticide. 

This appendix reports the number of distinct pesticides rather than residues, as 

was reported in summaries prior to 2003. A parent compound and its metabolites are 

reported as a single pesticide. For example, a single application of the pesticide 

endosulfan may result in residues of the parent compound endosulfan I, its endosulfan 

II isomer, and its endosulfan sulfate metabolite. Thus, three residue detections could 

result from the use of a single pesticide. In the 2002 and previous summaries, the 

corresponding appendix would have counted these results as three distinct residues, 

while this appendix counts the findings as just one distinct pesticide. 
APPENDIX O. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES1

 DETECTED PER SAMPLE2

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 1 2 3 456789

0 1 2 3 456789

Number of

Samples 4,613 4,101 2,449 1,416 655 248 141 46 22 2

Percent of

Total Samples 33.7 29.9 17.9 10.3 4.8 1.8 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.02

TOTAL NUMBER OF SAMPLES = 13,693

NOTES

1

 Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues,"

 as was reported in summaries prior to 2003. For example, a sample with positive detections for Endosulfan I, II, and sulfate would

 have been counted as three residues detected in the 2002 Appendix L. That same sample would be counted as just one pesticide 

 detected in this appendix.

2

 Excludes drinking water and soybean rust/aphid special survey samples.

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Number of Pesticides Detected per Sample

Percent of Samples

33.7

17.9

29.9

1.8

4.8

10.3

0.2 0.02 0.3

1.0

Multiple pesticide detections may result from: application of more than one pesticide, spray drift, crop 

rotation, cross-contamination, and/or indicate the presence of environmental contaminants.

Appendix O. Page 1 of 2
Commodity (# of samples) 0123456789

Fresh Fruit and Vegetables:

Apples (743) 2.2 5.1 19.4 27.2 21.3 14.0 8.1 1.9 0.9 --

Cantaloupe (558) 48.4 32.8 14.3 3.2 1.3 -- -- -- -- --

Cauliflower (741) 12.3 71.0 13.6 2.3 0.7 0.1 -- -- -- --

Eggplant (736) 76.6 16.4 6.3 0.5 0.1 -- -- -- -- --

Grapefruit (742) 36.7 45.7 12.5 4.7 0.4 -- -- -- -- --

Grapes (739) 29.6 26.7 20.6 11.4 6.8 2.7 1.8 0.4 0.1 --

Green Beans (181) 8.3 17.1 41.4 23.8 8.3 0.6 0.6 -- -- --

Lettuce (743) 6.3 18.8 23.7 15.5 15.9 7.9 6.1 3.6 1.9 0.3

Oranges (741) 9.6 37.0 37.8 14.3 1.3 -- -- -- -- --

Pears (555) 14.8 42.3 19.3 13.0 8.6 1.1 0.9 -- -- --

Plums (573) 25.7 43.8 23.0 6.3 1.0 0.2 -- -- -- --

Strawberries (737) 7.1 23.1 27.8 22.5 14.2 3.4 1.6 0.3 -- --

Watermelon (182) 61.5 25.3 10.4 2.2 0.5 -- -- -- -- --

Winter Squash (731) 57.2 30.6 8.9 2.7 0.4 0.1 -- -- -- --

Processed Fruit and Vegetables:

Green Beans, Frozen (555) 22.3 43.8 15.7 13.5 3.8 0.7 0.2 -- -- --

Orange Juice (744) 42.2 54.6 2.8 0.3 0.1 -- -- -- -- --

Plums, Dried (153) 86.9 10.5 2.0 0.7 -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 29.0 33.9 17.6 9.8 5.4 2.2 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.02

Actual Number of Samples 2,947 3,440 1,786 1,000 552 222 137 46 22 2

Grain Products: 

Soybeans (668) 78.4 20.7 0.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Wheat (674) 24.6 46.9 21.4 6.8 0.3 -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 51.4 33.8 11.2 3.4 0.1 -- -- -- -- --

Actual Number of Samples 690 454 150 46 2 -- -- -- -- --

Dairy Products: 

Heavy Cream (369) 0.8 10 43.6 36.6 8.1 0.8 -- -- -- --

Milk (746) 1.1 9.7 45.7 30.6 9.4 3.1 0.5 -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 1.0 9.8 45.0 32.6 9 2.3 0.4 -- -- --

Actual Number of Samples 11 109 502 363 100 26 4 -- -- --

Meat Tissues: 

Pork, Adipose (352) 88.6 9.7 1.4 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- --

Pork, Muscle (352) 94.9 4.8 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Percent of Total Samples 91.8 7.2 0.9 0.1 -- -- -- -- -- --

Actual Number of Samples 646 51 6 1 -- -- -- -- -- --

Water Product: 

Bottled Water (378) 84.4 12.4 1.3 1.6 0.3 -- -- -- -- --

Actual Number of Samples 319 47 5 6 1 -- -- -- -- --

NOTES

1 Parent compounds and their metabolites are combined to report the number of "pesticides" rather than the number of "residues."

2 Excludes the 750 drinking water samples and 306 soybean rust/aphid special survey samples.

Number of Pesticides1 Detected per Sample2

APPENDIX O. SAMPLES vs. NUMBER OF PESTICIDES DETECTED PER SAMPLE

TOTAL NUMBER OF FRUIT & VEGETABLE SAMPLES = 10,154

Percent

Appendix O. Page 2 of 2
Appendix P

Fruit and Vegetable Samples Reported to FDA as 

Exceeding the Tolerance 

or Without Established Tolerance 

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

 

Appendix P shows residues reported to FDA as exceeding the tolerance or 

residues for which no established tolerance was listed under the Code of Federal 

Regulations (CFR), Title 40, Part 180. In 2005, a total of 593 samples with 599 

residues were reported to the FDA as Presumptive Tolerance Violations. 

A total of 22 fruit and vegetable samples, 2 pork adipose samples, and 1 

soybean sample, were found to have residues at levels exceeding the established 

tolerance. Fruit and vegetable samples containing a residue exceeding an established 

tolerance included 1 cantaloupe sample, 6 eggplant samples, 4 plum samples, 6 

strawberry samples, 1 watermelon sample, and 4 winter squash samples. Of those 25 

samples, 8 were reported as imported produce. 

In addition, 572 fruit and vegetable samples were found to have residues for 

which no tolerance was established. 

• 570 samples contained 1 residue for which no tolerance was established. 

• 2 samples contained 2 residues for which no tolerance was established. 

Four of the 572 samples also contained 1 residue each that exceeded an 

established tolerance. 

The columns under the Sample Origin heading provide the number of samples 

that were of domestic, import, or unknown origin for each pesticide/commodity pair 

listed. 

Appendix P also notes if metabolites (or isomers) were detected as part of the 

same sample. In instances where both parent and metabolite (or isomer) were 

detected, PDP accounted for both as part of the same tolerance expression. 

 
Residues Exceeding Established Tolerance

Commodity / Pesticide

Limit of 

Detection, 

ppm

Concentration 

Detected, ppm

EPA 

Tolerance 

Level, ppm

Sample 

Origin

1 Cantaloupe / Acephate 0.005 0.21 0.02 U.S.

2 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.3 0.02 U.S.

3 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.27 0.02 U.S.

4 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.13 0.02 U.S.

5 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.12 0.02 U.S.

6 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.07 0.02 U.S.

7 Eggplant / Acephate 0.005 0.055 0.02 U.S.

8 Plums / Chlorpyrifos 0.008 0.12 0.05 Import

9 Plums / Chlorpyrifos 0.008 0.069 0.05 Import

10 Plums / Chlorpyrifos 0.008 0.062 0.05 Import

11 Plums / Esfenvalerate 0.06 0.1 0.05 U.S.

12 Pork, Adipose / 1-Naphthol (Carbaryl metabolite) 3 (ppb) 188 (ppb) 100 (ppb) U.S.

13 Pork, Adipose / Piperonyl butoxide 6 (ppb) 179 (ppb) 100 (ppb) U.S.

14 Soybean Grain / Trifluralin 2 (ppb) 78.1 (ppb) 50 (ppb) U.S.

15 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Lambda 0.006 0.14 0.01 U.S.

16 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Lambda 0.006 0.036 0.01 U.S.

17 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 0.008 0.17 0.01 U.S.

18 Strawberries / Cyhalothrin, Total (Cyhalothrin-L + R157836 epimer) 0.008 0.046 0.01 U.S.

19 Strawberries / Myclobutanil 0.001 0.69 0.50 U.S.

20 Strawberries / Myclobutanil 0.001 0.63 0.50 U.S.

21 Watermelon / Acephate 0.002 0.71 0.02 Import

22 Winter Squash / Acephate 0.002 0.051 0.02 Import

23 Winter Squash / Methamidophos 0.002 0.17 0.02 Import

24 Winter Squash / Methamidophos 0.004 0.062 0.02 Import

25 Winter Squash / Methamidophos 0.004 0.03 0.02 Import

APPENDIX P. SAMPLES REPORTED TO FDA AS EXCEEDING THE TOLERANCE

OR WITHOUT ESTABLISHED TOLERANCE

(per Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Part 180)

Appendix P. Page 1 of 3
Commodity / Pesticide U.S. Import Unk.

1 Apples

1-Naphthol 54 2 3.7 0.017 - 0.11 0.010 ^ 2 0 0

Chlorpropham 528 1 0.2 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 1 0 0

Diflubenzuron 469 23 4.9 0.011 - 0.14 0.007 ^ 23 0 0

2 Cantaloupe

Diphenamid 396 1 0.3 0.030 ^ 0.018 ^ 0 1 0

Diphenylamine (DPA) 540 4 0.7 0.014 ^ 0.008 - 0.010 4 0 0

3 Cauliflower

Chlorpropham 741 2 0.3 0.010 ^ 0.006 ^ 2 0 0

Dimethomorph 741 2 0.3 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 2 0 0

Fenbuconazole 604 4 0.7 0.002 - 0.004 0.0009 ^ 4 0 0

Methiocarb 711 1 0.1 0.001 ^ 0.0006 ^ 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 741 1 0.1 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 1 0 0

Thiabendazole 741 14 1.9 0.0002 - 0.001 0.0001 - 0.0005 13 1 0

4 Eggplant

Chlorothalonil 736 10 1.4 0.012 - 0.073 0.007 ^ 9 1 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 1 1 100 0.057 ^ 0.010 ^ 1 0 0

5 Grapefruit

Malathion oxygen analog 742 5 0.7 0.002 ^ 0.001 - 0.003 5 0 0

6 Green Beans

Chlorpropham 127 1 0.8 0.038 ^ 0.023 ^ 1 0 0

Oxamyl 126 1 0.8 0.10 ^ 0.020 ^ 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 51 31 60.8 0.017 - 0.020 0.010 ^ 4 27 0

7 Green Beans, Frozen

o-Phenylphenol 1 68 68 100 0.017 - 0.095 0.010 ^ 58 10 0

8 Lettuce

Atrazine 527 1 0.2 0.006 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Carbendazim (MBC) 527 34 6.5 0.0002 - 0.0008 0.0001 - 0.0005 33 1 0

Chlorothalonil 2 2 100 0.013 - 0.20 0.005 - 0.008 2 0 0

Dicofol p,p' 527 1 0.2 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 1 0 0

Fenbuconazole 440 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.0009 ^ 1 0 0

Linuron 527 2 0.4 0.005 ^ 0.003 ^ 2 0 0

Pentachloroaniline (PCA) 527 1 0.2 0.002 ^ 0.001 ^ 1 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 639 80 12.5 0.017 ^ 0.003 - 0.010 78 2 0

Thiabendazole 527 7 1.3 0.0005 - 0.001 0.0005 ^ 7 0 0

Thiamethoxam 527 1 0.2 0.025 ^ 0.015 - 0.050 1 0 0

Trifloxystrobin 118 1 0.8 0.0002 ^ 0.0001 ^ 1 0 0

Sample Origin

Distribution of Residues with No Tolerance Listed in 40 CFR, Part 180, 

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Number of 

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

by Commodity/Pesticide

Appendix P. Page 2 of 3
ity / Pesticide U.S. Import Unk.

9 Orange Juice

Permethrin cis 2 529 1 0.2 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 1 0 0

Permethrin trans 2 529 1 0.2 0.020 ^ 0.012 - 0.015 1 0 0

10 Pears

1-Naphthol 90 10 11.1 0.017 - 0.24 0.010 ^ 2 8 0

Chlorothalonil 394 2 0.5 0.004 ^ 0.002 ^ 2 0 0

Chlorpropham 394 1 0.3 0.018 ^ 0.011 ^ 0 0 1

Dicloran 395 1 0.3 0.013 ^ 0.004 - 0.008 1 0 0

Ethion 394 1 0.3 0.13 ^ 0.005 ^ 1 0 0

Iprodione 395 6 1.5 0.038 - 0.39 0.021 - 0.023 1 5 0

11 Strawberries

Dimethoate 1 1 100 0.003 ^ 0.002 ^ 1 0 0

Malathion oxygen analog 737 16 2.2 0.002 - 0.030 0.0009 - 0.003 12 4 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 3 3 100 0.017 ^ 0.010 ^ 3 0 0

12 Watermelon

o-Phenylphenol 1 123 28 22.8 0.017 ^ 0.010 - 0.015 14 14 0

13 Wheat (in parts per billion) (ppb) (ppb)

Methoxychlor p,p' 674 40 5.9 8.0 - 21 5.0 ^ 40 0 0

Pirimiphos methyl 674 22 3.3 5.0 ^ 3.0 ^ 22 0 0

RH 9129 594 4 0.7 8.0 - 81 5.0 ^ 4 0 0

14 Winter Squash

Pendimethalin 518 2 0.4 0.027 ^ 0.016 ^ 2 0 0

Phenmedipham 518 4 0.8 0.16 ^ 0.097 ^ 4 0 0

o-Phenylphenol 1 689 128 18.6 0.014 - 0.035 0.008 - 0.010 72 55 1

NOTES

1 o-Phenylphenol is a disinfectant approved for use in food handling establishments, including production facilities for

commodities identified above.

2 Permethrin cis and trans isomers were detected within the same sample.

Note:

For those pesticide/commodity pairs where the minimum detected value is less than the limit of quantitation (three times

the limit of detection), the reported values are estimates. In a few cases, this may apply to the maximum detected value.

Range of 

LODs, ppm

Number of Sample Origin

Samples

Samples 

Reported

% of 

Samples 

Range of Values 

Detected, ppm

Appendix P. Page 3 of 3
 PESTICIDE DATA PROGRAM

 Annual Summary Calendar Year 2005

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