## How are Appropriate Water Sources for Hydraulic Fracturing Determined? Pre -development Conditions and Management of Development

Phase Water Usage Red River Watershed Management Institute - LSU Shreveport Gary Hanson, Director Amanda Lewis, Assistant to Director 

## USEPA Hydraulic Fracturing Study Water 

# Management Workshop March 29, 2011Haynesville Shale

LSUS Red River Watershed Management Institute AAPG, 2007 Haynesville Shale Marcellus Shale

Eagle Ford Shale Barnett Shale Fayetteville Shale Woodford Shale

# Appropriate water sources of hydraulic fracturing (fracing) in shale gas plays

• Groundwater (potable)
• Groundwater (non - potable)
• Surface water
• Treated wastewater
• Produced brackish or saltwater
• No water - LPGLSU Shreveport and Red River Education & Research Park Red River Education & Research Park LSU Shreveport Red River

Anderson Watershed Research Station 

### LSUS Red River Watershed Management Institute



## A Partnership between the City of Shreveport and LSU ShreveportEvolving Community- based Nature Education & Research Park Model (Red River Education & Research Park)

An adaptive model - Based on "Sense of Place" institution building The Institute and the Park have been developed as flexible institutions, from the start, solving real

world problems by constantly adapting A River – Red River A City – Shreveport A University – LSUS An Education & Research

ParkUsing a suite of borehole logs to evaluate Red River Alluvial Aquifer & Carrizo -Wilcox Aquifer LSUS students using Geoprobe to develop monitoring well in Red River Alluvial Aquifer 

## Red River Education & Research Park

“Not scared of dirt, willing to work”LSUS Red River Watershed Management Institute Community

University Local, State & Federal Agencies 

## Institute Model 

# A Watershed Approach

A NEUTRAL ENTITYCADDO PARISH COMMITTEE EVOLVED INTO A REGIONAL

“WATER RESOURCES COMMITTEE OF NW LOUISIANA”

Water AvailabilityThe Committee was formed by the Caddo Parish President, a concerned citizen & Director of the RRWMI. As WRCNL evolved, more issues arose, & it became

more flexible & adapted to solve new challenges. 

### Water Resources Committee of Northwest Louisiana Watershed Based - Volunteer Committee 

# A Self- organizing Institution

– formed to protect water quality & quantityWilcox Aquifer Potentiometric SurfaceWilcox Aquifer Recharge Potential Red River Alluvial

### Water Energy Working Group – Meeting at LSU Shreveport WG became more flexible & adapted to issues before or as they arose

Co-chairs: Directors of Red River Watershed Management Institute & Red River Waterway Commission 

### Early on & on a voluntary basis, most Haynesville operators reduced their use of

groundwater Participants: US Army Corps of Engineers Vicksburg (USACE) Red River Waterway Commission, LAF&WS, LADEQ Red River Watershed Management Institute (LSUS) Red River Valley Assoc., Sabine River Authority, Caddo Levee District, Bossier Levee District, La DOTD , U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Chesapeake , Questar, EnCana , Petrohawk, Camterra , JW, Exco, Shell , El Paso, Titanium Env. , Louisiana Oil & Gas Assoc., Red River Pump , Impact Energy Services, Water Resources Committee of Northwest Louisiana, and International Paper Company, MansfieldLSUS CLOSE COORDINATION BETWEEN WATER ENERGY WORKING GROUP & OFFICE OF CONSERVATION HAS BEEN CRITICAL FOR SUCCESS

LSUS RRWMI

### Water level appeared to be dropping rapidly in this area of heavy drilling & hydraulic fracturing

Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn. Benjamin Franklin
2010 2008 

## Caddo Parish/LSUS GW Monitoring

Winter- Spring Summer Summer

Lewis and Hanson, 2010

### Caddo Ph/LSUS Wilcox Monitoring Well Project

2008 2011

### Caddo Ph/LSUS Wilcox Monitoring Well Project

2008 2011The Times (Shreveport) - This article is a good example of how

the press can inform and educate the public

Vickie Welborn , 2009 1400 GPM 25 - 125 GPM

## Solutions - Alternative surface water frac sources EXCO has built a 9 mile pipeline in order to use treated wastewater from International Paper Co. at Mansfield, La.



## 12 million gallons/day The Times, 2010

### EXCO’s 9 - mile wastewater pipeline IPCO 

## Solutions - Alternative surface water frac sources

### Baseline Water Quality Study of Aquifers in

Bossier, Caddo & De Soto Parishes

Louisiana Geological Survey Hydrologist/Geologist Doug Carlson (right) & Marty Horn (middle) and Gary Hanson (left), LSU Shreveport 

## LSU & LSU Shreveport working together. Up to 1000 domestic wells will be sampled & analyzedSource Louisiana Department of Natural Resources (2010) After D. Carlson et al, 2011

Frac Water Use – Haynesville ShaleLocation of this

study’s first 450 wells Has Wilcox Aquifer Water Quality Changed in the Past Three Years in Response to Haynesville Hydraulic Fracturing Activity? Douglas Carlson & Marty Horn Louisiana Geological Survey & Thomas Van Biersel Louisiana Department of Natural ResourcesLocation of current match set of wells ~75 D. Carlson et al, 2011 Location of Caddo Parish wells previously sampled

### June 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 This study will create a base data set of water quality that will include 950
- 1,050 samples analyzed for: Arsenic, Boron, Bromide, Cadmium, Calcium, Chloride, Chromium, Copper, Fluoride, Iron, Lead, Magnesium, Manganese, Nickel, Nitrate, Nitrite, Potassium, Phosphorus, Phosphate, Rubidium, Sulfate, Silicon, Sodium, Strontium, TDS, and Zinc. The number of values of chloride is approximately five times larger than those in Rapp’s (1996) and even larger for other parameters when compared to Rapp’s study which was the largest study previously. D. Carlson et al, 2011

# Stratigraphy Difference of chemistry among Wilcox sands

D. Carlson et al, 2011D. Carlson et al, 2011Calcium Magnesium

D. Carlson et al, 2011Manganese Nitrate

D. Carlson et al, 2011Sodium Chloride

D. Carlson et al, 2011

## Summary
– Interim Report 1. There have been generally small changes in water chemistry 2. Uncertainty of change tends to increase with decreasing ion concentration 3. Changes are mixed, 6 indicate downward flow of water and 3 indicate upward flow of water 4. Only 4 changes are significant, 2 indicate upward flow and 2 indicate downward flow 5. These mixed results appear to support the idea of downward flow 6. Possible candidates of wells causing downward flow are public supply and other domestic wells, NOT rig wells D. Carlson et al, 2011

## Acknowledgements:

US EPA Region 6 City of Shreveport AEP SWEPCO LSU Shreveport & LSU System Halliburton Anderson Oil & Gas Louisiana Dept. of Natural Resources & Office of Conservation The Parishes of Caddo, DeSoto , Bossier & Webster, Sabine River Authority & Red River Waterway Commission & Metropolitan Planning Commission Members of the Water Energy Working Group Louisiana Geological Survey Union County Conservation Commission 

# Thank you!