TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL ACTS SERIES 20-1231 

________________________________________________________________________ 

NUCLEAR ENERGY 

Civil Uses 

Agreement Between the 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 

and the UNITED KINGDOM 

Signed at Washington May 4, 2018

Entered into force December 31, 2020
NOTE BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE 

Pursuant to Public Law 89—497, approved July 8, 1966 

(80 Stat. 271; 1 U.S.C. 113)—

“. . .the Treaties and Other International Acts Series issued 

under the authority of the Secretary of State shall be competent 

evidence . . . of the treaties, international agreements other than 

treaties, and proclamations by the President of such treaties and 

international agreements other than treaties, as the case may be, 

therein contained, in all the courts of law and equity and of maritime 

jurisdiction, and in all the tribunals and public offices of the 

United States, and of the several States, without any further proof 

or authentication thereof.”
AGREEMENT 

BETWEEN 

, THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 

AND 

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND 

NORTHERN IRELAND 

FOR COOPERATION IN PEACEFUL USES OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 

The Government ofthe United States ofAmerica ("United States'') and the Government 

ofthe United Kingdom ofGreat ·Britain and Northern Ireland ("United Kingdom"), 

hereinafter referred to as the Parties; 

RECOGNIZING that. the partnership between the United States and the United Kingdom 

in the field of civilian nuclear energy contributes to continued international stability as 

well as promotes political and economic progress; · 

MINDFUL oftheir respective rights and obligations under the Treaty on the NonProliferation ofNuclear Weapons ofJuly 1, 1968 (''NPT"), to which both the United 

States and the United Kingdom are states parties; 

AFFIRMING their desire to promote universal adherence to the NPT; · 

REAFFIRMING_ their commitment to the international development and peaceful use of 

nuclear energy consistentwith the provisions ofthe NPT; 
ACKNOWLEDGING that the United States and the United Kingdom are members ofthe 

International Atomic Energy Agency ("IAEA"); 

AFFIRMING their support for the IAEA and its safeguards system, including the 

Additional Protocol; 

RECOGNIZING that the United States and the United Kingdom have achieved an 

advanced level in the use ofnuclear ·energy for the production of electric power and in the 

development ofnuclear industry and scientific research in this field; 

ACKNOWLEDGING.their close cooperation in the development, use, and control .of 

peaceful nuclear energy pursuant to the Agreement for the Cooperation in tb.e Peaceful 

Uses ofNuclear Energy between the United States ofAmerica arn:1 the European Atomic 

Energy Community, done at Brussels on November 7, 1995, and March 29, 1996, which 

entered into force on April 12, 1996 (the "1996 U$.-EURATOM Agreement"), and 

desiring to continue such cooperation following the United Kingdom's withdrawal from 

the European Atomic Energy Community; \ 

RECOGNIZING that the United States, a nucle~r-weapon State, entered into the 

Agreement between the United States ofAmerica and the International Atomic Energy. 

Agency for the Application of Safeguards in the United States ofAmerica, done at 

Vienna on November 18, 1977, anci the Protocol Additional to the Agreement between 

the United States ofAmerica and the International Atomic Energy Agency for the 

Application of Safeguards in the United States ofAmerica, done at Vienna on June 12, 

1998, hereinafter collectiv~ly referred to as ''the United States-IAEA Safeguards 

Agreement"; 
RECOGNIZING that the United Kingdom, as a nuclear-weapon State, entered into the 

Agreement between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the 

European Atomic Energy Community and the International Atomic Energy Agency for 

the Application of Safeguards in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern 

Ireland in Connection with the-Treaty on the Non-Proliferation ofNuclear Weapo.ns, 

done at Vienna on September 6, i976, and the Protocol Additional to the Agreement, 

done at Vienna on September 22, 1998 ("the Trilateral Safeguards Agreement"), and has 

made a cle.ar commitment to enter into a new Safeguards Agreement with the iAEA, 

supplemented by an Additional Protocol, for the. application of safeguards in connection 

with the NPT (''the Bilateral Safeguards Agreement"), that will be in force from the date 

on which the Trilaternl Safeguards Agreement is no longer in force; 

AFFIRMING their ongoing cooperation under the Agreement between the Government 

ofthe United States ofAmerica and the Three Governments ofthe Federal Republic of 

Germany, the Kingdom ofthe Netherlands and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and 

. Northern Ireland regarding the Establishment, Construction; and Operation of a Uranium 

Enrichment Installation in the United States~ done at Washington on July 24, 1992, which 

entered into force on February 1, 1995; 

RECALLING the Agreement between the Government ofthe United States ofAmerica 

and the Four Governments of_the French Republic, the United Kingdom of Great Britain 

and Northern Ireland, the Kingdom ofthe Netherlands, and the Federal Republic of 

Germany-Regarding the Establishment, Construction and Operation ofUranium 

Enrichment Installations Using Gas Centrifuge Technology in the United States of 

America, done at Paris on February 24, 2011, which entered into force on January 31, 

2012; 
SEEKING to expand.and enhance their mutually beneficial cooperation in the field ofthe 

peaceful uses ofnuclear. energy on a stable, reliable, and predictable basis; 

AFJ:IRMING their commitment to the Guidelines ofthe Nuclear Suppliers Group and the 

1'lPT Exporters Committee; 

. . 

ACKNOWLEDGING the need for measures for the physical protection ofnuclear 

material and facilities and affirming compliance with the obligations set forth in the 

Convention on the Physical Protection ofNuclear Material and Nuclear facilities, 

adopted at Vienna on October 26, 1979, as amended on July 8, 2005 ("CPPNM"), as well 

as subsequent amendments to that Convention that enter into force for the United States 

and the United Kingdom; and 

MINDFUL that peaceful nuclear activities must be undertaken with a viewtoprotecting 

the international environment from radioactive, chemical, and thermal contamination; 

Have agreed as follows: 

ARTICLE 1 - DEFINITIONS 

For the purposes ofthis Agreement, the terms listed below shall have the following 

meanings: 

1. "Agreed Minute" means the minute annexed to this Agreement, which is an 

integral. part hereof; 

2. · "Byproduct material" means any radioactive material ( except special fissionable 

material) yiel~ed in or made radioactive by exposure to the radiation incident to the 

process ofproducing or utilizing special fissionable material; 

;

/ 
3. ''Competent authorities" means, in the case ofthe United States, the Department 

of State, the Department ofEnergy, and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. For the 

United Kingdom, the competent authorities are the Department for Business, Energy, and 

Industrial Strategy and the Office for Nuclear Regulation. Each Party may change its 

competent authority/authorities or add additional competent authorities by written notice 

to the other Party; 

· 4. "Component" means a component part of equipment or other item so designated 

by written agreement ofthe competent authorities ofthe Parties; 

5. · "Decommissioning" means the actions taken at the end of a facility's useful life to 

retire the facility from service in a manner that provides adequate protection for the · 

health and safety ofthe decommissioning workers and the general public, and for the 

environment. These actions can range from closing down the facility and a minimal 

removal ofmaterial coupled with continuing maintenance and surveillance to a complete 

removal of residual radioactivity in excess oflevels acceptable for unrestricted use of the 

facility and its site; 

6. "Equipment" means any reactor as a complete unit (other than one designed or 

used primarily for the production ofplutonium or uranium"'."233), reactor pressure vess_el; -

reactor calandria, complete reactor control rod drive system, reactor primary coolant 

pump, on-line reactor fuel charging and discharging machine or any other item so 

designated by written agreement of the competent authorities ofthe Parties;· 

7. "High enriched uranium" means uranium enriched to twenty percent or greater in 

- the isotope w;anium-235; 
8. "Information" means data or information of a scientific, commercial, technical, or 

other nature in any form that is appropriately designated by written agreement of the 

competent authorities ofthe Parties to be provided or exchanged under this Agreement; 

9. ''Intellectual property" shall have the meaning set out in Article 2 ofthe 

Convention establishing the World Intellectual Property O~ganizati~n, done at Stockholm 

on July 14, 1967, as amended on September 28, 1979, and may include other subject 

matter as mutually agreed by the Parties; 

10. "Low enriched uranium" means uranium enriched to less than twenty percent in. 

the isotope uranium-235; 

11. "Major critical component" means any part or group ofparts essential in the 

operation of a sensitive nuclear facility; 

12. "Material" means nuclear material, byproduct material, non-nuclear material, or 

any other such substance so designated by written agreement ofthe competent authorities 

ofthe Parties; 

13. "Non-nuclear material" means heavy water or nuclear-grade graphite for nuclear 

use, or any other such material so.designated by written agreement ofthe competent 

authorities of the Parties; 

14. "Nuclear material" means source material and special fissionable material; 

15. "Persons and undertakings" means any natural person who, and any undertaking 

or institution (whatever its public or private legal status) that, pursues activities within the 

. scope of this Agreement within the territory, jurisdiction or control ofthe United. 

Kingdom or ofthe United States; 

I 
16. "Reactor" means any apparatus, other than a nuclear weapon or other nuclear 

explosive device, in which a self-sustaining fission chain reaction is maintained by 

. utilizing nuclear material; 

17. "Restricted Data" means all data concerning (1) design, manufacture or utilization 

of nuclear weapons; (2) the production of special fissionable material; or (3) the use of . . 

special fissionable materials in the production ofenergy, but shall not include data that 

the United States has declassified or removed from the category ofRestricted Data; 

18. "Sensitive nuclear facility" means any facility designed or used primarily for 

uranium enrichment, reprocessing ofirradiated nuclear material, heavy water production, · 

or fabrication ofnuclear fuel containing plutonium; 

19. . "Sensitive nuclear technology" means any information, including information that 

is incorporated in equipment or an important component, that is not in the public domain 

and is important to the design, construction, fabrication, operation or maintenance of any 

sensitive nuclear facility, or any other such information thatmay be so designated by 

written agreement ofthe· competent authorities ofthe Parties; 

20. "Source material" means uranium containing the mixture of isotopes occurring in 

nature; uranium depleted in the isotope uranium-235; thorium; any ofthe foregoing in the 

form ofmetal, alloy, chemical compound, or concentrate; any other material containing 

one or inore ofthe foregoing in such concentration as the Board ofGovernors ofthe . -

IAEA shall from time to time determine; and such other materials as the Board of 

Governors ofthe IAEA shall from time to time determine or as may be agreed in writing 

by the Parties. Any determination by the Board of Governors ofthe IAEA under Article 

XX ofthe IAEA Statute or otherwise that amends the list ofmaterials considered to be 

source material shall only have effect under this Agreement when both Parties to this 

Agreement have informed each other in writing that they accept such an amendment; 
21. "Special fissionable material" means plutonium, uranium-233, uranium enriched 

in the isotopes 233 or 235; any material containing one or more ofthe foregoing; and 

such other fissionable material as the Board-of Governors ofthe IAEA shall determine or 

as may be agreed in writing by the Parties. ''Special fissionable material" does not 

include "source material." Any determination by the Board of Governors ofthe IAEA 

under Article XX ofthe IAEA Statute or any determination by the Board of Governors of 

the IAEA that otherwise amends the list ofmaterials considered to be "special fissionable 

material" shall only have effect under this Agreement when both Parties to this 

Agreement have informed each other in writing that they accept such an amendment; • 

22. "UK Atomic Inforrria:tion" means information, data, materials, services or any 

other matter designated by the Government of the United Kingdom as "ATOMIC"; and 

23. "United Kingdom-IAEA Safeguards Agreement" means whichever ofthe 

Trilateral Safeguards Agreement or the Bilateral Safeguards Agreement is in force at any 

particular time. 

ARTICLE 2 - SCOPE OF COOPERATION 

1. The Parties intend to cooperate in the peaceful use of nuclear energy in . ; 

accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and their respective international 

agreements, national laws, regulations, and license requirements. 

2. Transfer of information, material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear 

_facilities, and major critical components under this Agreement may be undertaken 

directly between the Parties, between their competent authorities, or through their 

respective persons and undertakings. Such transfers shall be subject to this Agreement 

and to such additional terms and conditions as may be agreed in writing by the Parties or 

their competent i:iuthorities. 
ARTICLE 3 -TRANSFER OF INFORMATION 

1.· Information concerning the peaceful use of nuclear energy may be transferred 

under this Agreement. . Transfers ofinformation may be accomplished through various 

means, including but not limited to reports, data banks, computer programs, conferences, 

visits, and assignments of staffto facilities. Fields that may be covered may include the 

following: 

(A) Research, development, design, construction, operation~ maintenance and use 

ofreactors, reactor experiments, and decommissioning; 

(B) The use ofmate.rial in physical and biological research, medicine, agriculture, 

and industry; 

(C) Fuel cycle ~tudies ofways to meet future world-wide civil nuclear needs, 

including.multilateral approaches to guaranteeing nuclear fuel Supply and 

appropriate techniques for management ofnuclear wastes; , 

(D) Safeguards and nuclear security ofmaterial, equipment, and components; 

(E}Health, safety and environmental considerations related to the foregoing · 

subparagraphs; 

(F) Assessing the role nuclear power may play in national energy plans; ,and 

(G) Any other field of cooperation as may be agreed in writing by the Parties. 

2. This Agreement does not require the transfer of any information that the Parties 

· are not permitted to transfer under their respective international agreements, national 

laws, and regulations. 
3. Restricted Data shall not be transferred by.the United States under this 

Agreement. 

4. UK Atomic information shall not be transferred by the United Kingdom under 

this Agreement. 

5. Sensitive nuclear technology may be transferred under this Agreement pursuant to 

conditions as·agreed in writing by the Parties. Such conditions shall include, at a 

minimum, a guarantee that any special :fissionable material, equipment,.sensitive nuclear 

facilities, or major sritical compo11ents produced or constructed under the jurisdiction of a · 

Party by or through the use of any sensitive nuclear technology transferred under this 

Agreement shall be subject to the requirements of paragraph 2 of Article 4 and ofArticles 

5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. 

ARTICLE 4-' TRANSFER OF MATERIAL, EQUIPMENT, COMPONENTS, 

SENSITIVE NUCLEAR FACILITIES, AND MAJOR CRITICAL COMPONENTS 

1. Material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, major critical 

components, and other items as may be agreed in writing by the Parties, may be 

transferred for applications consistent with this Agreement. 

2. Material, equipment, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical components 

transferred pursuant to this Agreement and any special :fissionable material produced 

through the use of any nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, sensitive 

nuclear facilities, or major critical components so transferred shall be transferred only to 

duly authorized persons and undertakings. 
I 

3. The quantity of special fissionable material that may be transferred under this 

Agreement shall be the quantity that the Parties or their competent authorities agree is 

_necessary for any ofthe following purposes: the loading of reactors or use in reactor 

I: experiments; the .reiiable, efficient and continuous operation ofreactors or conduct of 

reactor experiments; the storage of special fissionable material necessary for the efficient 

and continuous operation ofreactors or conduct of reactor experiments; the transfer of 

irradiated nuclear material; or use as samples, standards, detectors, targets, radiation 

sources, or for such other purp~ses as the Parties may agree in writing. 

ARTICLES - STORAGE 

1. Plutonium and uranium-233 (except as contained in irradiated fuel elements) and 

high enriched uranium transferred pursuant to this Agreement; plutonium, uranium-233, 

and high enriched uranium recovered from nuclear material transferred pursuant to this 

Agreement or recovered from nuclear material used in equipment, sensitive nuclear 

facilities, or major critical components transferred pursuant to this Agreement; and 

plutonium, uranium-233, and high enriched uranium used ~nor produced through the use 

ofnuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, sensitive nuclear facilities; or major 

critical components so transferred may only be stored in facilities that are recorded on a 

list provided to the other Party. Such facilities at all times shall be subject, ata minimum, 

to the levels of physical protection that are set out in INFCIRC/225/Revision 5 as it may 

be revised and accepted by the Parties from time to time. A Party's list shall be held 

confidentially ifthat Party so requests. 
2. Either Party may make changes to its list by notifying the other Party in writing 

and receiving a written acknowledgement: Such acknowledgement shall be given no later 

than 30 days after the receipt ofthe notification and the changes in question shall be 

deemed to have been acknowledged if no response is received from the notified Party 

within the 30-day period. Ifeither Party believes that the obligations in paragraph 1 of 

this Article are not being fully complied with, it may request immediate consultations. 

Such consultations shall be held within 90 days ofreceipt ofthe request by the other 

Party. Following such consultations, each Party shall ensure that necessary corrective 

:measures are taken immediately. Ifsuch measures are not feasibl~, the special 

fissionable material in question shall be transferred for storage at another appropriate, 

listed facility. 

ARTICLE 6 - RETRANSFERS 

Unless the Parties agree iri writing, material, equipment, sensitive nuclear facilities, or 

major critical components transferred pursuant to this Agreement and any special 

fissionable material produced through the use of any nuclear material, non-nuclear 

material, equipment, sensitive nuclear facilities, 9r major critical components so 

transferred shall not be transferred beyond the territory, jurisdiction, or control ofthe 

recipient Party. The j.mplementation ofthis Article shall be addressed in the Agreed 

Minute and Administrative Arrangement provided for in paragraph 1 ofArticle 18. 
ARTICLE 7 -REPROCESSING, ALTERATlON IN FORM OR CONTENT, AND . . 

ENRICHMENT 

1. Nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material used 

in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, non-nuclear material; equipment, 

components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components so transferred shall 

not be reprocessed, enriched, or otherwise altered in form or content (except by 

irradiation or further irradiation), unless the Parties agree in writing. 

2. Pursuant to paragraph 1 ofthis Article, the J;>arties hereby agree arid grant each 

_other consent to reprocess or otherwise alter in forin or content nuclear material 

transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material used in or produced through 

the use of any nuclear material,:non-nuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive 

nuclear facilities, or major critical components. so transferred .. Such activities shall take ·. 

place ocly in the territory ofthe recipient Party and such reprocessing of nuclear material . · 

· and alteration in foim or content of plutonium, uranium-233, and high enriched uranium 

shall take place only at facilities listed in Annex A, or as otherwise agreed by the Parties. 

3. The Parties agree that conversion, fabrication of fuel, post-irradiation 

examination, blending or down.blending of uranium and separation ofradioisotopes from 

irradiated targets are permissible alterations in form or content for.purposes ofparagraph 

2 ofthis Article. 
4. The Parties hereby agree and grant each other consent within the territory of 

either Party, to enrich, up to twenty percent in the isotope uranium-235, uranium 

transferred pursuant to this Agreement, as well as uranium used in or produced through 

the use of nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive·. 

nuclear facilities, or major critical components so transferred. Enrichmentof such· 

. uranium to more than twenty percent in the isotope 235 and re-enrichment of such 

uranium already enriched to more than twenty percent in the isotope 235 may be carried 

out according to conditions agreed upon in writing, which shall be the subject of 

consultations between the Parties within 40 days ofthe receipt of a request from either 

Party. 

5. Any reprocessing, alteration in form or content, or enrichment under paragraphs 

2, 3 or 4 ofthis Article shall be conducted in accordance with, storage standards set out in 

Article 5 ofthis Agreement, physical protection standards set out in Article 8 of this 

Agreement, environmental consultations set out in Article 16 ofthis Agreement, and such 

other -provisions as may be agreed in writing by the Parties, including the application of 

safeguards. 

ARTICLE 8 - NUCLEAR SECURITY 

· 1. As specified in paragraph 2 ofthis Article, adequate nuclear security shall be 

· maintained with respect to material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, 

and major critical components transferred pursuant to this Agreement and special . . . 

fissionable material used in or produced through the use ofany material, equipment, 

components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components so transferred. 
2. With respect to the obligation in paragraph 1 ofthis Article, e_ach Party shall 

apply at a minimum measures in accordance with (i) levels of physical protection 

equivalent to the recommendations published in IAEA document INFCIRC/225/Revision 

· 5 entitled ''Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical Protection cifNuclear 

Material and Nuclear Facilities" and in subsequent revisions ofthat document accepted 

by both ofthe Parties, and (ii) the provisions of the CPPNM, as well as subsequent 

amendments to that Convention that enter into force for the United States and the United . . 

Kingdom. 

3. The adequacy of nuclear security measures maintained pursuant to this Article 

shall be subject to reviews and consultations between the Parties from tun~ to tune and · 

whenever either Party is ofthe view that revised measures may be required in order to 

maintain adequate nuclear security. 

4. The Parties shall keep each other informed through diplomatic channels of those 

competent authorities having responsibility for ensuring that levels ofnuclear security for 

nuclear' material and facilities in their territory or under their jurisdiction or control are 

adequately met and having responsibility for coordinating response and recovery 

operations in the event of unauthorized use or handling ofnuclear material subject to this 

Article. Each Party shall inform the other Party through diplomatic channels ofthe 

designated points of contact within its competent authorities to cooperate on matters 

involving transportation of nuclear material outside its territory, jurisdiction or control, 

and on other matters of mutual concern. 
ARTICLE 9 - PEACEFUL USES 

1. Cooperation under this Agreement shall be for peaceful uses only. 

2. Material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, major critical 

components, and sensitive nuclear technology transferred pursuant to this Agreement and 

material used in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, no:q-nuclear 

material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, major critical components, 

or sensitive nuclear technology so transferred shall not be used for any nuclear explosive 

device, for research on or development of any nuclear explosive device, or for any 

military purpose. 

3. For the purposes of this Agreement, "peaceful uses" shall include such fields as 

scientific research, electric power generation, medicine, agriculture, and industry, but 

shall not include any military purpose. For the purposes ofthis Agreement, "military 

purpose" shall include military nuclear propulsion, and munitions (including depleted 

uranium munitions), but shall not include provision of power for military bases drawn 

from any power network, production ofradioisotopes to be used for medical purposes in 

military hospitals, and such other similar purposes as may be mutually_ determined by the 

Parties. 

ARTICLE 10 - SAFEGUARDS 

1. Nuclear material transferred to the.United Kingdom pursuant to this Agreement 

and any nuclear material used in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, 

non-nuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major 

critical components so transferred shall be subject to the United Kingdom~IAEA 

Safeguards Agreement. 
2. Nuclear material.transferred to the United States pursuantto this Agreement and 

any nuclear material used in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, nonnuclear material, equipment, components, s<msitive nuclear facilities, or major critical 

components so transferred shall be su:bjectto the.United States-IAEA Safeguards 

Agreement. 

3. In the event that the IAEA safeguards agreement referred to in paragraph 1 or in 

paragraph 2 ofthis Article is not being implemented, the Parties shall consult and 

establish a mutually acceptable alternative to.that safeguards agreement consistent with 

their status as Nuclear Weapon States parties to the NPT. 

4. Each Party shall establish and maintain a system of accounting and control of ' . . . 

nuclear material transferred pursuant to this Agreement and nuclear material used in or 

produced through the use of any nuclear material, non-nuclear material, equipment, 

components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major criticai components transferred. The 

procedures for this system shall be comparable to those set forth in IAEA document 

INFCIRC/153(corrected), or in any revision ofthat document agreed to b_y the Parties. 

ARTICLE 11 - MULTIPLE SUPPLIER CONTROLS 

. . 

If any agreement between either Party and ano{her nation or group ofnations provides 

such other nation or group of nations rights equivalent to any or all ofthose set forth 

under Articles 5, 6, or 7 with respect to material, equipment, components, sensitive 

nuclear facilities, or major critical components subject to this Agreement, the Parties 

may, upon request of either ofthem, agree that the implementation of any such rights 

shall be accompli_shed by such other nation or group ofnations. 
ARTICLE 12-INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS EXCHANGES 

The Parties shall establish expeditious procedures to be applied when nuclear material is 

to be made subject io this Agreement or removed from the coverage ofthis Agreement. 

These procedures shall include provisions on international e_:i(changes of obligations, and 

shall be set out in the Administrative Arrangement provided for in paragraph 1 ofArticle 

18. 

ARTICLE 13 - ONGOING COOPERATiON 

1. Any cooperation between the Parties previously subject to the 1996 U.S.-

EURATOM Agreement shall continue in accordance with the provisions ofthis 

Agreement upon its entry into force, and the provisions ofthis Agreement .shall apply to 

such cooperation. 

2. . The provisions ofthis Agreement shall apply .to nuclear material, non-nuclear 

material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components included in the initial inventories jointly established by the Parties pursuant 

to Section 6 ofthe Agreed Minute.to this Agreement, and such nuclear material, nonnuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components shall be considered to have been transferred pursuant to this Agreement. 
ARTICLE 14- CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION 

1. The Parties shall t~e all appropriate precautions to preserve the confidentiality of 

commercial and other sensitive information, such as personal data, received as a result of 

the operation ofthis Agreement. 

2. Except asrequired by a receiving Party's national laws or regulations, information 

transferred under this Agreement shall not be disclosed to third parties without the 

consent in writing ofthe other Party, and shall be used exclusively in accordance with 

this Agreement and not for any other purpose. 

ARTICLE 15 _:_ INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

On a case by case basis, the Parties shall agree on protections for and allocations of 

intellectual property that may be developed as a result of Government to Government 

technical cooperation under this Agreement. 

ARTICLE 16 - CONSULTATIONS 

. 1. The Parties shall consult at any time at tlie request of either Party, to ensure the 

effective fulfilment ofthe obligations ofthis Agreement. The IAEA may be invited to 

participate in such consultations upon the request of both Parties. 

2. The Parties shall consult, with regard to activities under this Agreement, to 

· identify the international environmental implications arising from such activities and 

shall cooperate in protecting the international environment from radioactive, chemical or 

thermal contamination arising from peaceful nuclear activities under this Agreement and 

in related matters ofhealth and safety. 
ARTICLE 17 - SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES . 

Any dispute between the Parties concerning the interpretation or application ofthe 

provisions ofthis Aw-eement shall be prom;tly discussed by the Parties with a view to 

resolving that dispute.· Disputes that remain unresolved following such discussions shall, 

ifboth Parties agree, be settled by mediation, conciliation or other similar procedure~ or 

arbitration. Iri the event of arbitration, the Parties shall agree on procedural arrangements. 

ARTICLE 18 -ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENT AND INVENTORIES 

1. The competent authorities ofthe Parties shall establish an Administrative 

Arrangement in order to effectively apply the provisions ofthis Agreement. 

2. Each Party shall establish and maintain inventories of all nuclear material, nonnuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components subject to this Agreement. 

3. Upon the request of either Party, the other Party shall provide a report containing 

such inventories. To supplement such reporting, upon request of either Party, the other 

Party shall request and permit the IAEA to report to the first Party on the status of 

relevant inventories of nuclear material subject to this Agreement .. 

4. The principles of fungibility, equivalence, and proportionality shall apply to 

nuclear material subject to this Agreement. Detailed provisions for appiying these 

principles, including provisions for accounting ofnuclear material, shall be set forth in 

· the Administrative Arrangement established pursuant to paragraph 1 above. 
ARTICLE 19- CESSATION OF COOPERATION 

1. Ifeither Party at any time following entry into force of this Agreement does not 

comply with the provisions of Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 ofthis Agreement, the other 

Party shall have the right to cease further cooperation under this Agreement. 

2. Ifeither Party at any time following entry into force ofthis Agreement detonates a 

nuclear explosive device using material transferred pursuant to this Agreement or 

material used in or produced through the use of material, equipment, Components, . . 

sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components so transferred or terminates or 

abrogates a safeguards agreement with the IAEA and the safeguards agreement so 

terminated or abrogated has not been replaced in accordance with paragr!l-ph 3 ofArticle 

10 ofthis Agreement, the other Party shall have the same right as specified in paragraph 

1 ofthis Article and shall have the right to require the return of any material, equipment, 

components; sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components transferred under 

this Agreement and material used in or produced through the use of any nuclear material, 

no~-nuclear material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major 

critical components so transferred. 

3. Before either Party takes any action described under paragraph 1 or 2 of this 

Article, the Parties shall consult with a view to reaching a decision on whether corrective 

or other measures are needed, and if so, the measures to be taken and the time:frames 

within which such measures shall be taken. 
4. Ifeither Party exercises its rights under this Article to require the return of any 

material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical 

components, it shall, after removal from the territory, jurisdiction or control ofthe other · 

Party, reimburse that Party for the fair market value of such material, equipment, 

components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components. Ifthe return of 

such items is to be required, the Parties shall determine jointly the relevant quantity of 

such items, taking account ofthe circumstances involved: The Parties shall further satisfy 

themselves that full safety, radiological and physical protection measures, in accordance 

with their existing obligations, are taken in relation to the return of such items, that no 

unreasonable risks are incurred and that the return ofsuch items takes place in a manner 

consistent with the respeGtive laws and regulations of the Parties. 

ARTICLE 20 - ENTRY INTO FORCE AND DURATION 

1. This Agreement shall enter into force on .the date specified by the Parties in an · 

exchange ofnotes between the Parties indicating completion oftheir internal procedures 

necessary for its entry into force. 

2. This Agreement shall remain in force for a period of 30 years, unless terminated 

by either Party with at least one year advance written notice to the other Party. The . . 

Parties shall open discussions on extension, or revision ofthis Agreement, as necessary, 

no less than two years prior to the date of expiration.· 
3. Notwithstanding the termination, including by expiration, ofthis Agreement or of 

any cooperation hereunder, Articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 ofthis Agreem~nt and the 

Agreed Minute shall continue in effect as long as any material, equipment, component, 

sensitive nude~ fadlities, or major critical components subject to these Articles remains . . 

in the territory or under the jurisdiction or control of either Party, or unt1l such time as the 

Parties agree in writing that such nuclear material or non-nuclear material are no longer 

usable for any nuclear activity relevant from the point of view of international safeguards 

or have become practically irrecoverable, or that such equipment, components, sensitive 

nuclear facilities, or major critical components are no lon_ger usable for nuclear purposes, 

unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized, have signed this 

Agreement. 

DONE at Washington, this 4 th day of ~018, in duplicate. 

FORTHEGOVERNMENTOFTHE FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE 

- UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN 

AND NORTHERN IRELAND: 
.AGREED MINUTE 

During the negotiation ofthe Agreement between t4e Government ofthe United States of 

America and the Government ofthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern· 

Ireland for Cooperation in Peaceful Uses ofNuclear Energy (the Agreement), signed 

today, the following understandings, which shall be an integral part ofthe Agreement, 

were reached. 

1. COVERAGE OF AGREEMENT 

A. Material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components transferred from the territory, jurisdiction, or control of one Party to the 

territory, jurisdiction, or control ofthe other Party, whether directly or through a third 

country or destination, shall be regarded as having been transferred pursuant to the 

Agreement only upon confirmation in writing, by the appropriate competent authority of 

the recipient Party to the appropriate competent authority ofthe supplier Party, that such 

material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components shall be subject to the Agreement. 

R With respect to the definition of "Restricted Data" in paragraph 17 ofArticle 1. of 

the Agreement, it is the understanding ofthe Parties that all information on the use of 

special fissionable material in the production of energy from standard civilian reactors 

has been declassified or removed from the category of "Restricted Data." 
C.· For the purposes ofimplementing the rights specified in Articles 5, 6, and 7 of the 

Agreement, with respect to special fissionable material produced through the use of 

nuclear material transferred pursuant to the Agreement and not used in or produced 

through the use of equipment, sensitive nuclear facilities, or inajor critical components· 

transferred pursuant to the Agreement; such rights shall in practice be applied to that 

proportion of special fissionable material produced that represents the ratio oftransferred 

· material used ip. the production ofthe special fissionable material to the total amount of 

material so used, and similarly for subsequent generations.· 

. . 

D. Material, equipment, ~omponents, sensitive nuclear facilities, major critical 

components, and sensitive nuclear technology shall no longer be subject to the 

Agreement if: 

(1) Such items have been transferred beyond the territory ofthe receiving 

Party in accordance with the relevant provisions ofthe Agreement and are no 

longer under its jurisdiction·or control; . 

(2) In the case. of nuclear material, the Parties agree in writing that the nuclear 

material i$ no longer usable for any nuclear activity relevant from the point of 

view of safeguards, taking into account, among other factors, an IAEA 

determination, if any, in accordance with the provisions for the termination of 

safeguards _in the relevant agreement referred to in paragraphs I or 2 of Article I 0 

of the Agreement, whichever is applicable, or it is otherwise agreed in writing by 

the Parties; 

(3) In the case ofnon-nuclear material, byproduct material, equipment, and 

components, it is agreed in writing by the Parties; or, 
· (4) In the case ofsensitive nuclear facilities, major critical components or 

sensitive nuclear technology, the Parties agree in writing that the sensitive nuclear 

facility, major critJcal corriponent or--sensitive nuclear technology will be subject 

to another agreement to which the Party that transferred the sensitive nuclear 

facility, major critical component or sensitive nuclear technology is a Party. 

2. F ALLBACK SAFEGUARDS 

A. If either Party becomes aware of circumstances referred to in paragraph 3 of 

Article 10 ofthe Agreement, either Party shall have the rights listed below, which rights 

shall be suspended if both Parties agree in writing that the need to exercise such rights is 

being satisfied·by the appliGation ofIAEA safeguards under arrangements pursuant to· 

paragraph 3 ofArticle 10 ofthe Agreement: 

(1) · To review in a timely fashion the design of any equipment transferred 

pursuant to the Agreement, or of any facility that is to use, fabricate, process, or 

store any material so transferred or any special fissionable material used in or 

J produced through the use ofany nuclear material, non-nuclear material, 

equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components . 

so transferred; 

(2) To require the maintenance and production ofrecords and ofrelevant 

reports for the purpose of assisting in ensuring accountability for nuclear material 

transferred pursuant to the Agreement and any nuclear material used in or 

produced through the. use of any nucle.ar material, non-nuclear material; 

equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components 

so transferred; and 
(3) To designate personnel acceptable to the other Party (hereinafter "the 

safeguarded Party"), who shall have access to all places and data necessary to 

account for the nuclear material referred to in paragraph (2) ofthis Section, to 

inspect any equipment or facility referred to in paragraph (1) ofthis Section, and 

to install any devices and make such independent measurements as may be 

deemed necessary to account for such nuclear m~terial. The safeguarded Party 

shall not unreasonably withhold its acceptance ofpersonnel designated by the 

safeguarding Party under this paragraph. Such personnel shall be accompanied by 

personnel designated by the safeguarded Party, unless otherwise agreed in writing 

by the Parties. 

B. Upon the request of either Party, the other Party shall authorize the IAEA to make . 

available to the requesting Party the requested information on the implementation ofthe 

applicable safeguards agreement with the IAEA within the scope of cooperation under 

the Agreement. 

3. TRANSFERS 

The Parties shall implement paragraph 2 ofArticle 4 of the Agreement in accordance 

with procedures under their respective national laws and regulations. 

4. APPROVED RETRANSFERS 

A. The Parties agree to the retransfer of material, other than irradiated nuclear 

material, and equipment subject to Article 6 of the Agreement to third countries or 

destinations identified as provided for in this subsection A: 

(1) Upon entry into force ofthe Agreement, the Parties shall exchange lists of 

third countries or destinations to which retransfers of material, other than 

irradiated nuclear material, and equipment subject to Article 6 ofthe Agreement · 

may be made by the other Party. 
(2) To be eligible for inclusion on the list, third countries or destinations shall 

have made effective non-proliferation commitments, normally by being party to, 

and in full respect oftheir obligations under the NPT or the Treaty of Tlatelolco 

ofFebruary 14, 1967, and by being in compliance 'with the conditions of 

INFCIRC/254/Revision 13/Part 1. 

(3) In the case ofretransfer from the territory, jurisdiction, or control ofthe 

United Kingdom, to be eligible for inclusion on the list, third countries or 

destinations shall, at a minimum, be party to a nuclear cooperation agreement 

with the United States. 

B. The Parties agree to the retransfer of irradiated nuclear material subject to Article 

6 ofthe Agreement for storage and reprocessing to third countries or destinations 

identified as provided for in this subsection B: 

(1) Should retransfers for storage and reprocessing of irradiated nuclear 

material subject to Article 6 ofthe Agreement be requested in the future by a 

Party, a list ofthird countries or destinati<;ms to which such retransfers may be 

made shall be provided by the other Party. In connection with this, the Parties 

shall take into account the criteria included in subsection A (2) and (3) ofthis 

section and the following additional criteria: 

·(a) Consistency ofthe proposed action with the guidelines contained 

in IAEA document INFCIRC/225/Revision 5 and with the provisions of 

the CPPNM, as they may be revised and accepted by the Parties from time 

to time; 

(b) The nature and content ofthe peaceful nuclear programs ofthe 

third country or destination in question; and 

(c) The potential proliferation and security implications ofthe transfer 

for either Party. 
I C. Either Party may at any time add eligible third countries or destinations to either 

ofthe lists it has provided under subsections A and B ofthis Section. Either Party may 

delete third countries or destinations from either of such lists temporarily or permanently 

following consultations with the other Party. Neither Party shall delete third countries or 

destinations from such lists for the purpose of obtaining commercial advantage or of 

delaying, hampering or hindering the peaceful nuclear programs ofthe other Party or its 

peaceful nuclear cooperation with third countries or destinations. The Parties shall 

cooperate in efforts to obtain as soon as possible on a generic basis a confirmation from 

the third countries or destinations on such lists that any retransferred items will be subject · 

to any agreement for cooperation in force between the receiving country or destination 

and the non-retransferring Party. The receipt of such confirmation shall not constitute a 

pre-condition for the addition of a third country or destination to such lists. 

D. Retransfers to third countries or destinations not included on the lists provided 

under subsections A and B ofthis Section may be considered on a cas·e by case basis. 

5. REPROCESSING OR OTHER ALTERATION IN FORM OR CONTENT 

With regard to paragraph 2 ofArticle 7 ofthe Agreement, either Party, acting through its 

competent authorities, may change the facilities in its territory listed in Annex A by 

notifying the other Party in writing in accordance with the procedures set forth below and 

receiving a written acknowledgement. Such acknowledgement shall be given no later 

than 30 days after the receipt ofthe notification and shall be limited to a statement that 

the notification has been received. 

A. For an addition of a facility within its territory, a Party's notification shall contain: 

-(1) the name, type and location ofthe facility and its existing or planned 

capacity; 

(2) a confirmation that the Party's relevant regulations regarding nuclear 

material control are fully applied to the facility; 
(3) for a facility at which IAEA safeguards are being applied pursuant to a 

safeguards agreement referred to in Article 10, paragraph 1 or 2 ofthe 

Agreement, a confirmation ofthose.relevant safeguards which have been agreed 

upon with the IAEA and that those arrangements will permit the IAEA to exercise 

fully its.rights under such safeguards agreement; 

(4) such non-confidential information as is available to the Party on the IAEA 

safeguards approach; and 

(5) confirmation that nuclear security measures as required by Article 8 of the 

Agreement will be applied. 

B. Either Party may delete a facility from Annex A by providing to the other Party a 

notification containing the facility name and other relevant information available. 

C. A Party may suspend its consent for the activities referred to in paragraph 2 of 

Article 7, in whole or in part, if it considers, pursuant to the procedures set out be_low, on 

the basis of objective evidence, that the continuation of such activities would entail a 

serious threat to the security of either Party, or a significant increase in the risk ofnuclear 

proliferation. The Party considering that such objective evidence may exist shall consult 

with the other Party, at Cabinet level for the United States and at Minister level for 

United Kingdom; before reaching any decision. 

6. ITEMS SUBJECT TO THE AGREEMENT 

T4e Parties shall jointly establish initial inventories ofthe nuclear material, non-nuclear 

material, equipment, components, sensitive nuclear facilities, and major critical 

components that are in the territory or under the jurisdiction or control of a Party and that 

-will be subject to the Agreement. 
7. FACILITATION OF NUCLEAR TRANSFERS 

The Parties note their intention to facilitate th~ timely and efficient transfer ofnuclear 

items listed in IAEA document INFCIRC/254/Revision 13/Part 1 as revised from time to 

time and nuclear technology consistent with their national laws and regulations. The 

Parties may conclude a separate arrangement to facilitate transfers of such nuclear items 

and nuclear technology. 
ANNEX A: List of Facilities for Reprocessing and Alteration in Form or Content 

United Kingdom 

1. Reprocessing Facilities 

a. Name and Location: Sellafield Ltd, Cumbria, United Kingdom· 

Licensed Capacity: 2,550 tonnes of heavy metal per year 

2. Alteration rn Form or Content Facilities 

None 

United States 

1. Reprocessing Facilities 

None 

2. Alteration in Form or Content Facilities 

a. Name and Location: Nuclear Fuel Services, PO Box 337, MS123, Erwin, 

TN 37650 

~: Uranium downblending 

Licensed Capacity: 7,000 kg U-235