1113-1 

(Adopted Sept. 2, 1977)(Amended Dec. 2, 1977)(Amended Feb. 3, 1978) 

(Amended Sept. 5, 1980)(Amended Apr. 3, 1981)(Amended July 3, 1981) 

(Amended by California Air Resources Board Oct. 21, 1981) 

(Amended Aug. 5, 1983)(Amended Mar. 16, 1984)(Amended Aug. 2, 1985) 

(Amended Nov. 1, 1985)(Amended Feb. 6, 1987)(Amended Jan. 5, 1990) 

(Amended Feb. 2, 1990)(Amended Nov. 2, 1990)(Amended Dec. 7, 1990) 

(Amended Sept. 6, 1991)(Amended March 8, 1996)(Amended August 9, 1996) 

(Amended November 8, 1996)(Amended May 14, 1999; Vacated) 

(Amended July 20, 2001)(Amended December 6, 2002)(Amended December 5, 2003) 

(Amended July 9, 2004)(Amended June 9, 2006)(PAR July 13, 2007)

PROPOSED AMENDED RULE 1113. ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS 

(a) Applicability 

This rule is applicable to any person who supplies, sells, offers for sale, or manufactures 

any architectural coating for use in the District that is intended to be field applied to 

stationary structures or their appurtenances, and to mobile homes, pavements or curbs; as 

well as any person who applies or solicits the application of any architectural coating 

within the District. The purpose of this rule is to limit the VOC content of architectural 

coatings used in the District or to allow the averaging of such coatings, as specified, so 

their actual emissions do not exceed the allowable emissions if all the averaged coatings 

had complied with the specified limits. 

(b) Definitions 

For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions shall apply: 

(1) AEROSOL COATING PRODUCT means a pressurized coating product 

containing pigments or resins that dispenses product ingredients by means of a 

propellant, and is packaged in a disposable can for hand-held application, or for 

use in specialized equipment for ground marking and traffic marking applications. 

(2) ALUMINUM ROOF COATINGS are roof coatings containing at least 0.7 pounds 

per gallon (84 grams per liter) of coating as applied, of elemental aluminum 

pigment. 

(3) APPURTENANCES are accessories to a stationary structure, including, but not 

limited to: hand railings, cabinets, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, fences, raingutters and down-spouts, window screens, lamp-posts, heating and air 

conditioning equipment, other mechanical equipment, large fixed stationary tools, 

signs, motion picture and television production sets, and concrete forms. 

(4) ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS are any coatings applied to stationary structures 

and their appurtenances, to mobile homes, to pavements, or to curbs. 
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(5) BELOW-GROUND WOOD PRESERVATIVES are wood preservatives 

formulated to protect below-ground wood. 

(6) BITUMINOUS COATING MATERIALS are black or brownish coating 

materials, soluble in carbon disulfide, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons and 

which are obtained from natural deposits, or as residues from the distillation of 

crude petroleum oils, or of low grades of coal. 

(7) BITUMINOUS ROOF PRIMERS are primers formulated for or applied to roofing 

that incorporate bituminous coating materials. 

(8) BOND BREAKERS are coatings formulated for or applied between layers of 

concrete to prevent the freshly poured top layer of concrete from bonding to the 

substrate over which it is poured. 

(9) CLEAR BRUSHING LACQUERS are clear wood finishes, excluding clear 

lacquer sanding sealers, formulated with nitrocellulose or synthetic resins to dry 

by solvent evaporation without chemical reaction and to provide a solid, 

protective film, which are intended exclusively for application by brush, and 

which are labeled as specified in paragraph (d)(7).

(10) CLEAR WOOD FINISHES are clear and semi-transparent coatings, including 

lacquers and varnishes, applied to wood substrates, including floors, decks and 

porches, to provide a transparent or translucent solid film. 

(11) COATING is a material which is applied to a surface in order to beautify, protect, 

or provide a barrier to such surface. 

(12) COLORANTS are solutions of dyes or suspensions of pigments. 

(13) CONCRETE-CURING COMPOUNDS are coatings formulated for or applied to 

freshly poured concrete to retard the evaporation of water. Concrete-curing 

compounds manufactured and used for roadways and bridges (does not include 

curbs and gutters, sidewalks, islands, driveways and other miscellaneous concrete 

areas) are those concrete-curing compounds that meet ASTM Designation C309, 

Class B, and meet a loss of water standard of less than 0.15-kg/m2

 in 24 hours as 

determined by the California Transportation Department, California Test 534. 

(14) DRY-FOG COATINGS are coatings which are formulated only for spray 

application so that when sprayed, overspray droplets dry before falling on floors 

and other surfaces. 

(15) EXEMPT COMPOUNDS (See Rule 102-Definition of Terms.) 

(16) FIRE-PROOFING EXTERIOR COATINGS are opaque coatings formulated to 

protect the structural integrity of outdoor steel and other outdoor construction 
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materials and listed by Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. for the fire protection of 

steel. 

(17) FIRE-RETARDANT COATINGS are coatings labeled and formulated to retard 

ignition and flame spread, that has been fire tested and rated by a testing agency 

approved by building code officials for use in bringing building and construction 

materials into compliance with federal, state and local building code requirements. 

The fire-retardant coating and the testing agency must be approved by building 

code officials. The fire-retardant coating shall be tested in accordance with 

ASTM Test Method E 84, incorporated by reference in paragraph (e)(4) or listed 

by Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc. as fire-retardant coatings with a flame spread 

index of less than 25. 

(18) FLAT COATINGS are coatings that register a gloss of less than 15 on an 85-

degree meter or less than 5 on a 60-degree meter. 

(19) FLOOR COATINGS are opaque coatings that are formulated for or applied to 

flooring; including but not limited to decks and porches, and clear coatings 

formulated for or applied to concrete flooring, but do not include Industrial 

Maintenance Coatings. 

(20) FORMULATION DATA is the actual product recipe which itemizes all the 

ingredients contained in a product including VOCs and the quantities thereof used 

by the manufacturer to create the product. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) 

are not considered formulation data. 

(21) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF COATING, LESS WATER AND LESS 

EXEMPT COMPOUNDS, is the weight of VOC per combined volume of VOC 

and coating solids and can be calculated by the following equation: 

Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating, Less =

Ws - Ww - Wes

Water and Less Exempt Compounds Vm - Vw - Ves

Where: Ws = weight of volatile compounds in grams 

 Ww = weight of water in grams 

 Wes = weight of exempt compounds in grams 

 Vm = volume of material in liters 

 Vw = volume of water in liters 

 Ves = volume of exempt compounds in liters 
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For coatings that contain reactive diluents, the Grams of VOC per Liter of 

Coating, Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds, shall be calculated by the 

following equation: 

Grams of VOC per Liter of Coating, Less =

Ws - Ww - Wes

Water and Less Exempt Compounds Vm - Vw - Ves

Where: Ws = weight of volatile compounds emitted during 

curing, in grams 

 Ww = weight of water emitted during curing, in grams

 Wes = weight of exempt compounds emitted during 

curing, in grams 

 Vm = volume of the material prior to reaction, in liters 

 Vw = volume of water emitted during curing, in liters

 Ves = volume of exempt compounds emitted during 

curing, in liters 

(22) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the weight of VOC per 

volume of material and can be calculated by the following equation: 

Grams of VOC per Liter of Material = Ws

 - Ww - Wes

Vm

Where: Ws = weight of volatile compounds in grams 

 Ww = weight of water in grams 

 Wes = weight of exempt compounds in grams 

 Vm = volume of the material in liters 

(23) GRAPHIC ARTS COATINGS (Sign Paints) are coatings formulated for handapplication by artists using brush or roller techniques to indoor and outdoor signs 

(excluding structural components) and murals, including lettering enamels, poster 

colors, copy blockers, and bulletin enamels. 

(24) HIGH-TEMPERATURE INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS are 

industrial maintenance coatings formulated for or applied to substrates exposed 

continuously or intermittently to temperatures above 400 degrees Fahrenheit. 

(25) INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS are coatings, including primers, 

sealers, undercoaters, intermediate coatings and topcoats, formulated for or 
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applied to substrates, including floors, that are exposed to one or more of the 

following extreme environmental conditions: 

(A) immersion in water, wastewater, or chemical solutions (aqueous and nonaqueous solutions), or chronic exposure of interior surfaces to moisture 

condensation; 

(B) acute or chronic exposure to corrosive, caustic or acidic agents, or similar 

chemicals, chemical fumes, chemical mixtures, or solutions; 

(C) repeated exposure to temperatures in excess of 250 degrees Fahrenheit; 

(D) repeated heavy abrasion, including mechanical wear and repeated 

scrubbing with industrial solvents, cleaners, or scouring agents; or 

(E) exterior exposure of metal structures. 

(26) INTERIOR STAINS are stains labeled and formulated exclusively for use on 

interior surfaces. 

(27) JAPANS/FAUX FINISHING COATINGS are glazes designed for wet-in-wet 

techniques used as a stain or glaze to create artistic effects, including but not 

limited to, dirt, old age, smoke damage, and simulated marble and wood grain. 

(28) LACQUERS are clear or pigmented wood finishes, including clear lacquer 

sanding sealers, formulated with nitrocellulose or synthetic resins to dry by 

evaporation without chemical reaction. 

(29) LOW-SOLIDS COATINGS are coatings containing one pound or less of solids 

per gallon of material. 

(30) MAGNESITE CEMENT COATINGS are coatings formulated for or applied to 

magnesite cement decking to protect the magnesite cement substrate from erosion 

by water. 

(31) MASTIC COATINGS are coatings formulated to cover holes and minor cracks 

and to conceal surface irregularities, and applied in a thickness of at least 10 mils 

(dry, single coat). 

(32) METALLIC PIGMENTED COATINGS are coatings, excluding roof coatings, 

containing at least 0.4 pounds per gallon (48 grams/liter) of coating, as applied, of 

elemental metallic pigment (excluding zinc), mica particles or any combination of 

metallic pigments and mica particles. 

(33) MULTI-COLOR COATINGS are coatings which exhibit more than one color 

when applied and which are packaged in a single container and applied in a single 

coat. 

(34) NONFLAT COATINGS are coatings that are not defined under any other 

definition in this rule and that register a gloss of 5 or greater on a 60 degree meter 
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and a gloss of 15 or greater on an 85 degree meter according to ASTM Test 

Method D 523 as specified in paragraph (e)(6). 

(35) NONFLAT HIGH GLOSS COATINGS are coatings that register a gloss of 70 or 

above on a 60 degree meter according to ASTM Test Method D 523 as specified 

in paragraph (e)(6). 

(36) POST-CONSUMER COATINGS are finished coatings that would have been 

disposed of in a landfill, having completed their usefulness to a consumer, and 

does not include manufacturing wastes. 

(37) PRE-TREATMENT WASH PRIMERS are coatings which contain a minimum of 

1/2 percent acid, by weight, applied directly to bare metal surfaces to provide 

necessary surface etching. 

(38) PRIMERS are coatings applied to a surface to provide a firm bond between the 

substrate and subsequent coats. 

(39) PRODUCT LINE is a line of coatings reported under one product number and 

name and subject to one coating VOC limit as specified in paragraph (c)(2) Table 

of Standards. 

(40) QUICK-DRY ENAMELS are non-flat, high gloss coatings which comply with the 

following: 

(A) Shall be capable of being applied directly from the container by brush or 

roller under normal conditions, normal conditions being ambient 

temperatures between 60°F and 80°F; and 

(B) When tested in accordance with ASTM D 1640 they shall: set-to-touch in 

two hours or less, dry-hard in eight hours or less, and be tack-free in four 

hours or less by the mechanical test method. 

(41) QUICK-DRY PRIMERS, SEALERS, AND UNDERCOATERS are primers, 

sealers, and undercoaters which are intended to be applied to a surface to provide 

a firm bond between the substrate and subsequent coats and which are dry-totouch in one-half hour and can be recoated in two hours (ASTM D 1640). 

(42) REACTIVE DILUENT is a liquid which is a VOC during application and one in 

which, through chemical and/or physical reaction, such as polymerization, 

becomes an integral part of the coating. 

(43) RECYCLED COATINGS are coatings formulated such that 50 percent or more of 

the total weight consists of secondary and post-consumer coatings and 10 percent 

or more of the total weight consists of post-consumer coatings, and manufactured 

by a certified recycled paint manufacturer. 
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(44) ROOF COATINGS are coatings formulated for application to exterior roofs for 

the primary purpose of preventing penetration of the substrate by water, or 

reflecting heat and ultraviolet radiation. 

(45) RUST PREVENTATIVE COATINGS are coatings formulated for use in 

preventing the corrosion of metal surfaces in residential and commercial 

situations. 

(46) SANDING SEALERS are clear wood coatings formulated for or applied to bare 

wood for sanding and to seal the wood for subsequent application of coatings. To 

be considered a sanding sealer a coating must be clearly labeled as such. 

(47) SEALERS are coatings applied to either block materials from penetrating into or 

leaching out of a substrate, to prevent subsequent coatings from being absorbed by 

the substrate, or to prevent harm to subsequent coatings by materials in the 

substrate. 

(48) SECONDARY (REWORK) COATINGS are fragments of finished coatings or 

finished coatings from a manufacturing process that has converted resources into a 

commodity of real economic value, but does not include excess virgin resources 

of the manufacturing process. 

(49) SHELLACS are clear or pigmented coatings formulated solely with the resinous 

secretions of the lac insect (laccifer lacca). Shellacs are formulated to dry by 

evaporation without a chemical reaction providing a quick-drying, solid, 

protective film for priming and sealing stains and odors; and for wood finishing 

excluding floors effective January 1, 2007. 

(50) SOLICIT is to require for use or to specify, by written or oral contract. 

(51) SPECIALTY PRIMERS are coatings formulated for or applied to a substrate to 

seal fire, smoke or water damage; or to condition excessively chalky surfaces. An 

excessively chalky surface is one that is defined as having chalk rating of four or 

less as determined by ASTM D-4214 – Photographic Reference Standard No. 1 or 

the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology “Pictorial Standards for 

Coatings Defects”. 

(52) STAINS are opaque or semi-transparent coatings which are formulated to change 

the color but not conceal the grain pattern or texture. 

(53) SWIMMING POOL COATINGS are coatings specifically formulated for or 

applied to the interior of swimming pools and to resist swimming pool chemicals. 

(54) SWIMMING POOL REPAIR COATINGS are chlorinated, rubber-based coatings 

used for the repair and maintenance of swimming pools over existing chlorinated, 

rubber-based coatings. 
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(55) TINT BASE is an architectural coating to which colorants are added. 

(56) TRAFFIC COATINGS are coatings formulated for or applied to public streets, 

highways, and other surfaces including, but not limited to, curbs, berms, 

driveways, and parking lots. 

(57) UNDERCOATERS are coatings formulated for or applied to substrates to provide 

a smooth surface for subsequent coats. 

(58) VARNISHES are clear wood finishes formulated with various resins to dry by 

chemical reaction. 

(59) VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is as defined in Rule 102 – 

Definition of Terms. For the purpose of this rule, tertiary butyl acetate (TBAc) is 

not a VOC when used in industrial maintenance coatings including zinc-rich 

industrial maintenance coatings. 

(60) WATERPROOFING SEALERS are coatings which are formulated for the 

primary purpose of preventing penetration of porous substrates by water. 

(61) WATERPROOFING CONCRETE/MASONRY SEALERS are clear or 

pigmented sealers that are formulated for sealing concrete and masonry to provide 

resistance against water, alkalis, acids, ultraviolet light, and staining. 

(62) WOOD PRESERVATIVES are coatings formulated to protect wood from decay 

or insect attack by the addition of a wood preservative chemical registered by the 

California Environmental Protection Agency. 

(63) ZINC-RICH INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE PRIMERS are primers formulated 

to contain a minimum of 65 percent metallic zinc powder (zinc dust) by weight of 

total solids for application to metal substrates. 

(c) Requirements 

(1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(3), (c)(4), and specified coatings 

averaged under (c)(6), no person shall supply, sell, offer for sale, manufacture, 

blend, or repackage any architectural coating for use in the District which, at the 

time of sale or manufacture, contains more than 250 grams of VOC per liter of 

coating (2.08 pounds per gallon), less water, less exempt compounds, and less any 

colorant added to tint bases, and no person shall apply or solicit the application of 

any architectural coating within the District that exceeds 250 grams of VOC per 

liter of coating as calculated in this paragraph. 

(2) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(3), (c)(4), and designated coatings averaged 

under (c)(6), no person shall supply, sell, offer for sale, manufacture, blend, or 
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1113-9

repackage, for use within the District, any architectural coating listed in the Table 

of Standards which contains VOC (excluding any colorant added to tint bases) in 

excess of the corresponding VOC limit specified in the table, after the effective 

date specified, and no person shall apply or solicit the application of any 

architectural coating within the District that exceeds the VOC limit as specified in 

this paragraph. No person shall apply or solicit the application within the District 

of any industrial maintenance coatings, except anti-graffiti coatings, for residential 

use or for use in areas such as office space and meeting rooms of industrial, 

commercial or institutional facilities not exposed to such extreme environmental 

conditions described in the definition of industrial maintenance coatings; or of any 

rust-preventative coating for industrial use, unless such a rust preventative coating 

complies with the Industrial Maintenance Coating VOC limit specified in the 

Table of Standards. 

TABLE OF STANDARDS 

VOC LIMITS 

Grams of VOC Per Liter of Coating, 

Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds 

Effective Date COATING CATEGORY Ceiling

Limit* 

Current 

Limit 1/1/03 1/1/04 1/1/05 7/1/06 7/1/07 7/1/08 

Bond Breakers 350 

Clear Wood Finishes 350 275 

Varnish 350 275 

Sanding Sealers 350 275 

Lacquer 680 550 275 

Clear Brushing Lacquer 680 275 

Concrete-Curing Compounds 350 100 

Concrete-Curing Compounds 

For Roadways and Bridges** 350 

Dry-Fog Coatings 400 150 

Fire-Proofing Exterior Coatings 450 350 

Fire-Retardant Coatings*** 

Clear 650 

Pigmented 350 

Flats 250 100 50 

Floor Coatings 420 100 50 

Graphic Arts (Sign) Coatings 500 

Industrial Maintenance (IM) Coatings 420 250 100 

High Temperature IM Coatings 420 

Zinc-Rich IM Primers 420 340 100 

Japans/Faux Finishing Coatings 700 350 

Magnesite Cement Coatings 600 450 

Mastic Coatings 300 

Metallic Pigmented Coatings 500 

Multi-Color Coatings 420 250 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

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Effective Date COATING CATEGORY Ceiling

Limit* 

Current 

Limit 1/1/03 1/1/04 1/1/05 7/1/06 7/1/07 7/1/08 

Nonflat Coatings 250 150 50 

Nonflat High Gloss 250 150 50 

Pigmented Lacquer 680 550 275 

Pre-Treatment Wash Primers 780 420 

Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters 350 200 100 

Quick-Dry Enamels 400 250 150 50 

Quick-Dry Primers, Sealers, and 

Undercoaters 350 200 100 

Recycled Coatings 250 

Roof Coatings 300 250 50 

Roof Coatings, Aluminum 500 100 

Roof Primers, Bituminous 350 350 

Rust Preventative Coatings 420 400 100 

Shellac 

Clear 730 

Pigmented 550 

Specialty Primers 350 250 100 

Stains 350 250 100 

Stains, Interior 250 

Swimming Pool Coatings 

Repair 650 340 

Other 340 

Traffic Coatings 250 150 100 

Waterproofing Sealers 400 250 100 

Waterproofing Concrete/Masonry 

Sealers 400 100 

Wood Preservatives 

Below-Ground 350 

Other 350 

* The specified limits remain in effect unless revised limits are listed in subsequent columns in the Table of 

Standards. 

** Does not include compounds used for curbs and gutters, sidewalks, islands, driveways and other 

miscellaneous concrete areas. 

*** The Fire-Retardant Coating category will be eliminated on January 1, 2007 and subsumed by the coating 

category for which they are formulated. 

TABLE OF STANDARDS (cont.) 

VOC LIMITS 

Grams of VOC Per Liter of Material 

COATING Limit 

Low-Solids Coating 120 

(3) Coating Categorization 

(A) If anywhere on the container of any coating listed in the Table of 

Standards, on any sticker or label affixed thereto, or in any sales or 

advertising literature, any representation is made that the coating 

may be used as, or is suitable for use as, a coating for which a 
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1113-11

lower VOC standard is specified in the table or in paragraph (c)(1), 

then the lowest VOC standard shall apply. 

(B) The provisions of paragraph (c)(3)(A) shall not apply to a coating 

described in part as a flat, nonflat or primer-sealer-undercoater 

coating, or represented in part for use on flooring, provided that all 

of the following requirements are met: 

(i) The coating meets the definition of a specific coating 

category for which a higher VOC standard is specified in 

the Table of Standards, and 

(ii) The coating is labeled in a manner consistent with the 

definition and all the specific labeling requirements for that 

specific coating category, and 

(iii) The coating is suitable and only recommended for the 

intended uses of that specific coating category. 

(4) Sell-Through Provision 

(A) Any coating that is manufactured prior to the effective date of the 

applicable limit specified in the Table of Standards, and that has a 

VOC content above that limit (but not above the limit in effect on 

the date of manufacture), may be sold, supplied, offered for sale, or 

applied for up to three years after the specified effective date. The 

manufacturer shall maintain sales and distribution records, as 

applicable, for any coating manufactured prior to the effective date 

if that coating volume is not included in an approved Averaging 

Compliance Option [specified in paragraph (c)(6) of this rule] 

Program that includes the same coating manufactured on or after 

the effective date. Such records shall clearly indicate the date of 

manufacture (or date code or batch code) and volume of coating 

sold or distributed to distinguish between those coatings subject to 

the provisions of this paragraph and those subject to the provisions 

of Appendix A section (K). These records shall be made available 

to the Executive Officer upon request and shall be maintained for a 

period of at least three years after the end of a compliance period of 

the Averaging Compliance Option Program. 

(B) Any coating in containers of one quart or less that is manufactured 

prior to the expiration of the exemption under subparagraph 

(g)(1)(A) which has a VOC content above that limit specified in 
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1113-12

the Table of Standards, or shellac manufactured prior to January 1, 

2007 and represented for use on wood flooring may be sold, 

supplied, offered for sale, or applied for up to one year after the 

effective date specified in the Table of Standards or the shellac 

definition. A manufacturer using this small container sell-through 

provision shall submit an annual report to the Executive Officer 

within three months of the end of the appropriate sell-through 

period. The report shall contain information as required by the 

Executive Officer to monitor the use of small containers under this 

provision. The manufacturer shall also provide written notice of 

the one year sell-through expiration date to their distribution chain. 

These records shall be made available to the Executive Officer 

upon request and shall be maintained for a period of at least three 

years. 

(5) All architectural coating containers used to apply the contents therein to a 

surface direct from said container by pouring, siphoning, brushing, rolling, 

padding, ragging or other means, shall be closed when not in use. These 

architectural coating containers include, but should not be limited to: 

drums, buckets, cans, pails, trays or other application containers. 

(6) Averaging Compliance Option 

In lieu of specific compliance with the applicable limits in the Table of 

Standards, manufacturers may average designated coatings such that their 

actual cumulative emissions from the averaged coatings are less than or 

equal to the cumulative emissions that would have been allowed under 

those limits over a compliance period not to exceed one year. 

(A) On or after January 1, 2001, the following coatings may be 

averaged: floor coatings; primers, sealers, and undercoaters; 

quick-dry primers, sealers, and undercoaters; quick-dry enamels; 

rust preventative coatings; roof coatings; specialty primers; stains; 

waterproofing sealers; industrial maintenance coatings; as well as 

flats and nonflats (excluding recycled coatings). 

(B) On or after July 1, 2006, the following coatings in addition to those 

designated in subparagraph (c)(6)(A) may be averaged: bituminous 

roof primers; fire-retardant coatings, high gloss nonflats, metallic 

pigmented coatings, zinc-rich industrial maintenance primers, 
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1113-13

interior stains; waterproofing concrete/masonry sealers; varnishes; 

and sanding sealers. 

(C) Manufacturers using the Averaging Compliance Option shall: 

(i) Comply with the averaging provisions contained in 

Appendix A, as well as maintain all records for the

Averaging Compliance Option (ACO) Program and make 

these records available to the Executive Officer upon 

request, for a period of at least three years after the end of 

the compliance period; and 

(ii) Use only the sell-through provision in Appendix A for each 

coating included in the ACO Program in lieu of the sellthrough provision of subparagraph (c)(4). 

(d) Administrative Requirements 

(1) Containers for all coatings subject to this rule shall display the date of 

manufacture of the contents or a code indicating the date of manufacture. 

The manufacturers of such coatings shall file with the Executive Officer of 

the District and the Executive Officer of the Air Resources Board an 

explanation of each code. 

(2) Containers for all coatings subject to the requirements of this rule shall 

carry a statement of the manufacturer's recommendation regarding 

thinning of the coating. This requirement shall not apply to the thinning of 

architectural coatings with water. The recommendation shall specify that 

the coating is to be employed without thinning or diluting under normal 

environmental and application conditions, unless any thinning 

recommended on the label for normal environmental and application 

conditions does not cause a coating to exceed its applicable standard. 

(3) Each container of any coating subject to this rule shall display the 

maximum VOC content of the coating, as supplied, and after any thinning 

as recommended by the manufacturer. The VOC content of low-solids 

coatings shall be displayed as grams of VOC per liter of material 

(excluding any colorant added to the tint bases) and the VOC content of 

any other coating shall be displayed as grams of VOC per liter of coating 

(less water and less exempt compounds, and excluding any colorant added 

to tint bases). VOC content displayed may be calculated using product 

formulation data, or may be determined using the test method in 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-14

subdivision (e). VOC content calculated from formulation data shall be 

adjusted by the manufacturer to account for cure volatiles (if any) and 

maximum VOC content within production batches. 

(4) The coating container label or container for quick-dry primers, sealers, and 

undercoaters and quick-dry enamels shall include the words “Quick-Dry” 

or shall list the following: 

(A) The recoat time for quick-dry primers, sealers, and undercoaters, or 

(B) The dry-hard time for quick-dry enamels. 

Containers and container labels shall not contain the words 

“Quick-Dry” unless the material meets the dry times specified in 

the respective definitions or the material complies with the 

respective general VOC limit for enamels or primers, sealers, and 

undercoaters. 

(5) The labels of all rust preventative coatings shall include the statement “For 

Metal Substrates Only” prominently displayed, effective January 1, 2003. 

(6) Effective January 1, 2003, the labels of all specialty primers shall 

prominently display one or more of the following descriptions: 

(A) For fire-damaged substrates. 

(B) For smoke-damaged substrates. 

(C) For water-damaged substrates. 

(D) For excessively chalky substrates. 

(7) The labels of concrete-curing compounds manufactured and used for 

roadways and bridges shall include the statement "FOR ROADWAYS 

AND BRIDGES ONLY (Not for Use on Curbs and Gutters, Sidewalks, 

Islands, Driveways and Other Miscellaneous Concrete Areas)" 

prominently displayed, effective July 1, 2007. 

(8) Each manufacturer of the following coating categories shall, on or before 

April 1 of each calendar year submit an annual report to the Executive 

Officer: 

(A) Recycled coatings, including the gallons repackaged and 

distributed in the District. 

(B) Shellacs 

(C) Specialty primers. 

The report shall specify the number of gallons of each coating within the 

category sold in the District during the preceding calendar year as well as 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-15

their coating VOC content, and shall describe the method used by the 

manufacturer to calculate such sales. 

(9) A manufacturer, distributor, or seller of a coating meeting the 

requirements of this rule, who supplies that coating to a person who 

applies it in a non-compliant manner, shall not be liable for that noncompliant use, unless the manufacturer, distributor, or seller knows that 

the supplied coating would be used in a non-compliant manner. 

(10) Manufacturers of recycled coatings shall submit a letter to the Executive 

Officer certifying their status as a Recycled Paint Manufacturer. 

(e) Test Methods 

For the purpose of this rule, the following test methods shall be used: 

(1) VOC Content of Coatings 

The VOC content of coatings subject to the provisions of this rule shall be 

determined by: 

(A) U.S. EPA Reference Test Method 24 (Determination of Volatile 

Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume Solids, and 

Weight Solids of Surface Coatings, Code of Federal Regulations 

Title 40, Part 60, Appendix A) with the exempt compounds’ 

content determined by Method 303 (Determination of Exempt 

Compounds) in the South Coast Air Quality Management District's 

(SCAQMD) "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcement 

Samples" manual, or 

(B) Method 304 [Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds 

(VOC) in Various Materials] in the SCAQMD's "Laboratory 

Methods of Analysis for Enforcement Samples" manual. 

(C) Exempt Perfluorocarbons 

The following classes of compounds: 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers 

with no unsaturations 

cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary 

amines with no unsaturations 

sulfur-containing perfluorocarbons with no unsaturations 

and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-16

will be analyzed as exempt compounds for compliance with 

subdivision (c), only when manufacturers specify which individual 

compounds are used in the coating formulations. In addition, the 

manufacturers must identify the U.S. EPA, CARB, and SCAQMD 

approved test methods, which can be used to quantify the amount 

of each exempt compound. 

(2) Acid Content of Coatings 

The acid content of a coating subject to the provisions of this rule shall be 

determined by ASTM Test Method D 1613-85 (Acidity in Volatile 

Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and 

Related Products). 

(3) Metal Content of Coatings 

The metallic content of a coating subject to the provisions of this rule shall 

be determined by Method 3118 (Determination of Weight Percent 

Elemental Metal in Metallic Coatings by Spectrographic MethodX-Ray 

Diffraction) in the SCAQMD's "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for 

Enforcement Samples" manual. 

(4) Flame Spread Index 

The flame spread index of a fire-retardant coating subject to the provisions 

of this rule shall be determined by ASTM Test Method E 84-05 (Standard 

Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials), or 

the most recent version, after application to an organic or inorganic 

substrate, based on the manufacturer's recommendations. 

(5) Drying Times 

The set-to-touch, dry-hard, dry-to-touch, and dry-to-recoat times of a 

coating subject to the provisions of this rule shall be determined by ASTM 

Test Method D 1640 (Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film 

Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature). The tack-free time 

of a coating subject to the provisions of this rule shall be determined by 

ASTM Test Method D 1640, according to the Mechanical Test Method. 

(6) Gloss Determination 

The gloss shall be determined by ASTM Test Method D 523 (Specular 

Gloss). 

(7) Equivalent Test Methods 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-17

Other test methods determined to be equivalent after review by the 

Executive Officer, CARB, and the U.S. EPA, and approved in writing by 

the District Executive Officer may also be used. 

(8) Multiple Test Methods 

When more than one test method or set of test methods are specified for 

any testing, a violation of any requirement of this rule established by any 

one of the specified test methods or set of test methods shall constitute a 

violation of the rule. 

(9) All test methods referenced in this subdivision shall be the version most 

recently approved by the appropriate governmental entities. 

(f) Technology Assessment 

The Executive Officer shall conduct a technology assessment for the future VOC 

limit as specified in paragraph (c)(2) for flat coatings by July 1, 2007. In 

conducting the assessment, the Executive Officer shall consider any applicable 

future CARB surveys on architectural coatings and shall report to the Governing 

Board as to the appropriateness of maintaining the future VOC limit. 

(g) Exemptions 

(1) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to:

(A) Architectural coatings in containers having capacities of one quart 

or less, provided that the manufacturer submits an annual report to 

the Executive Officer within three months of the end of each 

calendar year. The report shall contain information as required by 

the Executive Officer to monitor the use of the small container 

exemption. The loss of this exemption due to the failure of the 

manufacturer to submit an annual report shall apply only to the 

manufacturer. Effective July 1, 2006 clear wood finishes, 

including varnishes and sanding sealers; and lacquers, including 

pigmented lacquers, in containers having capacities of one quart or 

less shall no longer be exempt from the requirements of this rule. 

(B) Architectural coatings sold in this District for shipment outside of 

this District or for shipment to other manufacturers for 

repackaging; or 

(C) Emulsion type bituminous pavement sealers; or 

(D) Aerosol coating products. 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-18

(E) Use of stains and lacquers in all areas within the District at an 

elevation of 4,000 feet or greater above sea level.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (c)(2), a person or facility 

may add up to 10 percent by volume of VOC to a lacquer to avoid 

blushing of the finish during days with relative humidity greater than 70 

percent and temperature below 65 degrees Fahrenheit, at the time of 

application provided that: 

(A) The coating is not applied from April 1 to October 31 of any year. 

(B) The coating contains acetone and no more than 550 grams of VOC 

per liter of coating (275 grams of VOC per liter of coating after 

January 1, 2005), less water and exempt compounds, prior to the 

addition of VOC. 

(3) The January 1, 2005 VOC limit for lacquers shall not be applicable until 

January 1, 2007 and the July 1, 2008 VOC limit for flat coatings shall not 

be applicable to any manufacturer which meets all of the following 

criteria: 

(A) The total gross annual receipts are $2,000,000 or less, and 

(B) The total number of employees is 100 or less, and 

(C) The manufacturer requesting this exemption files a written request 

with the Executive Officer annually which includes, but is not 

limited to: 

(i) The total gross annual receipts for each of the last three 

years. 

(ii) The total number of employees for each of the last three 

years. 

For the purposes of determining the total gross annual receipts and the 

total number of employees, a manufacturer shall include data from all 

facilities (both within and outside of the District) which they own, operate, 

have an ownership interest, or are legally affiliated. If a manufacturer 

exceeds the criteria specified in subparagraphs (g)(3)(A) or (g)(3)(B) any 

time after the initial request is filed with the Executive Officer, this 

exemption shall be immediately terminated, the manufacturer shall forfeit 

any future eligibility for this exemption, and the manufacturer shall be 

considered in violation of this rule for each and every day that lacquers or 

flat coatings which do not comply with the respective VOC limit in the 

Table of Standards are supplied, sold, or offered for sale within the 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-19

District. The loss of this exemption due to the manufacturer exceeding the 

criteria in subparagraphs (g)(3)(A) or (g)(3)(B) shall apply only to the 

manufacturer. 

(4) The provisions of paragraph (c) shall not apply to facilities which apply 

coatings to test specimens for purposes of research and development of 

those coatings. 

(5) The July 1, 2006 VOC limit for nonflats, primers, sealers, and 

undercoaters, quick-dry enamels, waterproofing concrete/masonry sealers 

and rust-preventative coatings shall not be applicable until July 1, 2008 to 

any manufacturer which meets all of the following criteria: 

(A) The total gross annual receipts are $5,000,000 or less, and 

(B) The total number of employees is 100 or less, and 

(C) The manufacturer requesting this exemption files a written request 

with the Executive Officer annually which includes, but is not 

limited to: 

(i) The total gross annual receipts for each of the last three 

years. 

(ii) The total number of employees for each of the last three 

years. 

For the purposes of determining the total gross annual receipts and the 

total number of employees, a manufacturer shall include data from all 

facilities (both within and outside of the District) which they own, operate, 

have an ownership interest, or are legally affiliated. If a manufacturer 

exceeds the criteria specified in subparagraphs (g)(5)(A) or (g)(5)(B) any 

time after the initial request is filed with the Executive Officer, this 

exemption shall be immediately terminated, the manufacturer shall forfeit 

any future eligibility for this exemption, and the manufacturer shall be 

considered in violation of this rule for each and every day that nonflats, 

primers, sealers, and undercoaters, quick-dry enamels, and rustpreventative coatings do not comply with the respective VOC limit in the 

Table of Standards are supplied, sold, or offered for sale within the 

District. The loss of this exemption due to the manufacturer exceeding the 

criteria in subparagraphs (g)(5)(A) or (g)(5)(B) shall apply only to the 

manufacturer. 

(6) Effective January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2006, roof coatings with 

a VOC content of 100 grams per liter or less that are certified under the 
Rule 1113 (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-20

U.S. EPA Energy Star Program shall not be subject to the VOC limit in the 

Table of Standards. 
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Amended June 9, 2006July 13, 2007) 

1113-21

APPENDIX A: Averaging Compliance Option (ACO) Provision 

(A) The manufacturer shall demonstrate that actual emissions from the coatings being 

averaged are less than or equal to the allowable emissions, for the specified 

compliance period using the following equation: 

 ≤

n

1 = i

GiMi 

n

1 = i

GiViLi

Where: 



n

1 = i

GiMi = Actual Emissions 



n

1 = i

GiViLi = Allowable Emissions 

Gi = Total Gallons of Product (i) subject to 

Averaging; 

Mi = Material VOC content of Product (i), as 

pounds per gallon; {as defined in paragraph 

(b)(22)} 

Vi = Percent by Volume Solids and VOC in 

Product (i), {as defined in paragraph 

(b)(21)} 

 

 = 

 For Non-Zero VOC Coatings: 

 = 

CoatingVOC

MaterialVOC

 For Zero VOC coatings: 

 = % solids by volume 

Li = Regulatory VOC Content Limit for Product 

(i), as pounds per gallon; {as listed in 

paragraph (c)(2) Table of Standards} 

The averaging is limited to coatings that are designated by the manufacturer. Any 

coating not designated in the ACO Program shall comply with the VOC limit in 

the Table of Standards. The manufacturer shall not include any quantity of 

coatings that it knows or should have known will not be used in the District. 

Vm

Vm − Vw − Ves
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-22 

In addition to the requirements specified in Section (A), a manufacturer shall not 

include in an ACO Program or supply, sell, offer for sale, manufacture, blend, or 

repackage for use within the District any architectural coating with a VOC content 

in excess of the maximum VOC content in effect, immediately prior to July 1, 

2001 or the VOC content limits specified in the National VOC Emission 

Standard, whichever is less. Manufacturers that submitted an annual exemption 

report in 2002 for quick-dry primers, sealers and undercoaters and included those 

coatings in their most recent approved ACO Program, may continue to average 

those coatings until July 1, 2006, so long as these coatings do not exceed 450 

grams of VOC per liter of coating less water and less exempt compounds, in lieu 

of the otherwise applicable VOC limit of 350 grams per liter. Manufacturers that 

submitted the required 2005 annual report for clear wood finish containers of one 

quart or less, may include in an ACO Program varnishes and sanding sealers so 

long as these coatings sold in such containers do not exceed the applicable 

National Standard of 450 grams of VOC per liter of coating less water and less 

exempt compounds, in lieu of the otherwise applicable VOC limit of 350 grams 

per liter. 

(B) ACO Program 

At least six months prior to the start of the compliance period, manufacturers shall 

submit an ACO Program, which is subject to all the provisions of Rule 221 – 

Plans and Rule 306 – Plan Fees, to the Executive Officer. Averaging may not be 

implemented until the ACO Program is approved in writing by the Executive 

Officer. 

Within 45 days of submittal of an ACO Program, the Executive Officer shall 

approve, disapprove or deem the ACO Program incomplete. The ACO Program 

applicant and the Executive Officer may agree to an extension of time for the 

Executive Officer to take action on the ACO Program. 

(C) General Requirements 

The ACO Program shall include all necessary information for the Executive 

Officer to make a determination as to whether the manufacturer may comply with 

the averaging requirements over the specified compliance period in an enforceable 

manner. Such information shall include, but is not limited to, the following: 

1. An identification of the contact persons, telephone numbers, and name of 

the manufacturer who is submitting the ACO Program.
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-23 

2. An identification of each coating that has been selected by the 

manufacturer for inclusion in this ACO Program that exceeds the 

applicable VOC limit in the Table of Standards, their VOC content 

specified in units of both grams of VOC per liter of coating, and grams of 

VOC per liter of material and the designation of the coating category. 

3. A detailed demonstration showing that the projected actual emissions will 

not exceed the allowable emissions for a single compliance period that the 

ACO Program will be in effect. In addition, the demonstration shall 

include VOC content information for each coating that is below the 

compliance limit in the Table of Standards. The demonstration shall use 

the equation specified in paragraph (A) of this Appendix for projecting the 

actual emissions and allowable emissions during each compliance period. 

The demonstration shall also include all VOC content levels and projected 

volume to be sold and distributed, as applicable, within the District for 

each coating listed in the ACO Program during each compliance period. 

The requested data can be summarized in a matrix form. 

4. A specification of the compliance period(s) and applicable reporting dates. 

The length of the compliance period shall not be more than one year nor 

less than six months. 

5. An identification and description of specific records to be used to calculate 

emissions and track coating volume for the ACO Program and subsequent 

reporting. This shall include a detailed explanation as to how the records 

are to be used to demonstrate compliance with the averaging requirements 

of the ACO Program. Such records or electronic versions (if hardcopy 

originals are not generated) shall be made available to the Executive 

Officer upon request. These records shall include records from each of the 

following categories: 

(a) product formulation records (including both coating and material 

VOCs): 

(1) lab reports [including percent weight of non-volatiles, 

water, and exempts (if applicable); density of the coating; 

and raw laboratory data] of test methods conducted as 

specified in paragraph (e)(1) of the rule or 

(2) product formulation data, including physical properties 

analyses, as applicable, with a VOC calculation 

demonstration; and 
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-24 

(b) production records consisting of batch tickets including the date of 

manufacture, batch weight and volume; and 

(c) distribution records: 

(1) customer lists or store distribution lists or both (as 

applicable) and 

(2) shipping manifests or bills of lading or both (as applicable); 

and 

(d) sales records consisting of point of sale receipts or invoices to local 

distributors or both, as applicable. 

If the manufacturer requests to demonstrate compliance with the ACO 

Program by using records other than those specifically listed above, those 

records must be approved by the U.S. EPA, CARB, and the Executive 

Officer before an ACO Program can be approved. The Executive Officer 

may request additional records, as necessary, as a condition of approving 

the ACO Program or to verify compliance. 

6. A statement, signed by a responsible party for the manufacturer, certifying 

that all information submitted is true and correct, and that records will be 

made available to the Executive Officer upon request. 

(D) Reporting Requirements 

1. For every single compliance period, the manufacturer shall submit to the 

Executive Officer a mid-term report listing all coatings subject to 

averaging during the first half of the compliance period, detailed analysis 

of the actual and allowable emissions at the end of the mid-term, and if 

actual emissions exceed allowable emissions an explanation as to how the 

manufacturer intends to achieve compliance by the end of the compliance 

period. The report shall be signed by the responsible party for the 

manufacturer, attesting that all information submitted is true and correct. 

The mid-term report shall be submitted within 45 days after the midway 

date of the compliance period. A manufacturer may request, in writing, an 

extension of up to 15 days for submittal of the mid-term report. 

2. Within 60 days after the end of the compliance period or upon termination 

of the ACO Program, whichever is sooner, the manufacturer shall submit 

to the Executive Officer a final report, providing a detailed demonstration 

of the balance between the actual and allowable emissions for the 

compliance period, an update of any identification and description of 
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-25 

specific records used by the manufacturer to verify compliance with the 

averaging requirement, and any other information requested by the 

Executive Officer to determine whether the manufacturer complied with 

the averaging requirements over the specified compliance period. The 

report shall be signed by the responsible party for the manufacturer, 

attesting that all information submitted is true and correct, and that records 

will be made available to the Executive Officer upon request. A 

manufacturer may request, in writing, an extension of up to 30 days for 

submittal of the final report. 

(E) Renewal of an ACO Program 

An ACO Program automatically expires at the end of the compliance period. The 

manufacturer may request a renewal of the ACO Program by submitting a renewal 

request that shall include an updated ACO Program, meeting all applicable ACO 

Program requirements. The renewal request will be considered conditionally 

approved until the Executive Officer makes a final decision to deny or approve the 

renewal request based on a determination of whether the manufacturer is likely to 

comply with the averaging requirements. The Executive Officer shall base such 

determination on all available information, including but not limited to, the midterm and final reports of the preceding compliance period. The Executive Officer 

shall make a decision to deny or approve a renewal request no later than 45 days 

from the date of the final report submittal, unless the manufacturer and the 

Executive Officer agree to an extension of time for the Executive Officer to take 

action on the renewal request. 

(F) Modification of an ACO Program 

A manufacturer may request a modification of the ACO Program at any time prior 

to the end of the compliance period. The Executive Officer shall take action to 

approve or disapprove the modification request no longer than 45 days from the 

date of its submittal. No modification of the compliance period shall be allowed. 

An ACO Program need not be modified to specify additional coatings to be 

averaged that are below the applicable VOC limits. 

(G) Termination of an ACO Program 

1. A manufacturer may terminate its ACO Program at any time by filing a 

written notification to the Executive Officer. The filing date shall be 
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-26 

considered the effective date of the termination, and all other provisions of 

this rule including the VOC limits shall immediately thereafter apply. The 

manufacturer shall also submit a final report 60 days after the termination 

date. Any exceedance of the actual emissions over the allowable 

emissions over the period that the ACO Program was in effect shall 

constitute a separate violation for each day of the entire compliance 

period. 

2. The Executive Officer may terminate an ACO Program if any of the 

following circumstances occur: 

(a) The manufacturer violates the requirements of the approved ACO 

Program, and at the end of the compliance period, the actual 

emissions exceed the allowable emissions. 

(b) The manufacturer demonstrates a recurring pattern of violations 

and has consistently failed to take the necessary steps to correct 

those violations. 

(H) Change in VOC Limits 

If the VOC limits of a coating listed in the ACO Program are amended such that 

its effective date is less than one year from the date of adoption, the affected 

manufacturer may base its averaging on the prior limits of that coating until the 

end of the compliance period immediately following the date of adoption. 

(I) Labeling 

Each container of any coating that is included in an ACO Program, and that 

exceeds the applicable VOC limit in the Table of Standards shall display the 

following statement: “This product is subject to the averaging provisions of 

SCAQMD Rule 1113”. A symbol specified by the Executive Officer may be used 

as a substitute. 

(J) Violations 

The exceedance of the allowable emissions, as defined in Appendix A, Section 

(A), at the end of any compliance period shall constitute a separate violation for 

each coating product line that is over the VOC limit specified in the Table of 

Standards for each day of the compliance period. However, any violation of the 

requirements of the ACO Provision of this rule, which the violator can 
Rule 1113 Appendix A (Cont.) (Amended June 9, 2006July 13 2007)

1113-27 

demonstrate, to the Executive Officer, did not cause or allow the emission of an 

air contaminant and was not the result of negligent or knowing activity may be 

considered a minor violation (pursuant to District Rule 112). 

(K) Sell-Through Provision 

A coating that is included in an approved ACO Program that does not comply 

with the specified limit in the Table of Standards may be sold, supplied, offered 

for sale, or applied for up to three years after the end of the compliance period 

specified in the approved ACO Program. This section of Appendix A does not 

apply to any coating that does not display on the container either the statement: 

“This product is subject to architectural coatings averaging provisions of the 

SCAQMD Rule 1113” or a designated symbol specified by the Executive Officer 

of the SCAQMD.