Rule

RULE 3.22 Internal Combustion Engines STATIONARY INTERNAL 

COMBUSTION ENGINES

(Adopted 06/016/1/2009; Amended 10/6/2014)

A. APPLICABILITY

Rule 3.22This rule applies to all stationary internal combustion 

engines with rated breakbrake horsepower greater than or equal 

to fifty (>50 bhp) used in industrial, institutional, and 

commercial operations that operate within the boundaries of the 

District. 

B. EXEMPTIONS

B.1 This

B.1 The provisions of this rule shall not apply to the 

following:

a. The operation of any engine while being used to preserve 

or protect property, human life, or public health during 

the existence of a disaster or state of emergency, such 

as a fire or flood;

b. Emergency standby engines whose total annual hours for 

maintenance and testing purposes do not exceed 100 hours 

as determined by a nonresettablenon-resettable hour 

meter. Hours used specifically for emergencies shall not 

be limited by this rule;

c. Engines whose total annual hours of operation do not 

exceed 200 hours as determined by a nonresettablenonresettable hour meter;

d. Portable engines, as defined in California Health and 

Safety Code, Section 41751;

e. Engines used directly and exclusively for the growing of 

crops or the raising of animals. This exemption does not 

apply to any engine used at an agricultural source of 

air pollution that emits in any 12-month period air 

emissions greater than or equal to 50% of the major 

source thresholds for regulated air pollutants and/or 

HAPs; 

f. Engines operated exclusively in research or testing 

programs; 

g. Gas turbine engines,; and;

h. Compression ignition engines with a permitted capacity 

factor of 15 percent or less.

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C. DEFINITIONS

C.1 EMERGENCY STANDBY ENGINE: As defined in the Airborne 

Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression 

Ignition Engines §93115.4(a)(29).

C.1 C.2 EMERGENCY USEDate of Initial Start-up: The date in 

which an engine is operated for the first time within the 

boundaries of the District.

C.2 Emergency Standby Engine: As defined in the Airborne Toxic 

Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines 

- CCR Title 17, §93115.4(a)(30).

C.3 EXISTING ENGINE: A stationary internal combustion engine 

installed and operating within the Feather River Air 

Quality Management District before the date of District 

adoption of this Rule.

C.3 C.4 LEAN-BURN ENGINEEmergency Use: As defined in the 

Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression 

Ignition Engines - CCR Title 17, §93115.

C.4 Lean Burn Engine: Any spark or compression ignited internal 

combustion engine that is operated with an exhaust gas 

stream oxygen concentration of four percent (4%) by volume, 

or greater. The exhaust gas oxygen content shall be 

determined from the uncontrolled exhaust gas stream.

C.5 C.5 MAINTENANCE AND TESTINGMaintenance and Testing: The 

operation of an emergency standby engine to:

a. Evaluate the ability of the engine or its supported 

equipment to perform during an emergency. “Supported 

Equipment” includes, but is not limited to, generators, 

pumps, transformers, switchgear, and breakers; or

b. Facilitate the training of personnel on emergency 

activities; or 

c. Provide electrical power for the facility when the 

utility distribution company takes its power 

distribution equipment offline to service that equipment 

for any reason that does not qualify as an emergency 

use.

C.6 NEW ENGINE: A stationary internal combustion engine 

installed and operating within the Feather River Air 

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Quality Management District after the date of District 

adoption of this Rule.

C.6 C.7 NORTHNorth FRAQMD: The area of the Feather River Air 

Quality Management District which is north of a line 

connecting the northern border of Yolo County to the 

southwestern tip of Yuba County, and continuing along the 

Southern Yuba County border to Placer County.

C.7 C.8 PERMITTED CAPACITY FACTORPermitted Capacity Factor: The 

annual permitted fuel use divided by the product of the 

manufacturer’s specified maximum hourly fuel consumption 

times 8,760 hours per year.

C.8 C.9 RATED BRAKE HORSEPOWERRated Brake Horsepower (bhp): The 

maximum rated brake horsepower specified for the engine by 

the manufacturer and listed on the nameplate for the unit, 

regardless of any derating, unless limited by the engine's 

Permit to Operate.

C.9 C.10 RICH-BURN ENGINERich Burn Engine: Any spark or 

compression ignited internal combustion engine that is 

operated with an exhaust gas stream oxygen concentration of 

less than four percent (4%) by volume. The exhaust gas 

oxygen content shall be determined from the uncontrolled 

exhaust gas stream.

C.10 C.11 SOUTHSouth FRAQMD: The area of the Feather River Air 

Quality Management District which is south of a line 

connecting the northern border of Yolo County to the 

southwestern tip of Yuba County, and continuing along the 

southern Yuba County border to Placer County.

C.11 C.12 STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEStationary 

Internal Combustion Engine: Any spark or compression 

ignited internal combustion engine that is operated, or 

intended to be operated, at a specific site for more than 

twelve (12) consecutive months, is attached to a foundation 

at that site, or is determined to be stationary by the 

District.

D. REQUIREMENTS

D.1 D.1 Emission Limits: All new and existing internal 

combustion enginesEMISSION LIMITS: Each engine shall not 

operate above the emission limitations according to the 

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FEATHER RIVER AQMD 3.22 - 3

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area of designation and fuel type, as shown in TableTables

1 and 2.

Table 1: North FRAQMD Emission Limits

NOx

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

VOC

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

CO

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

Spark Ignited 

Rich Burn 90 250 4,000

Spark Ignited 

Lean Burn 150 750 4,000

Compression Ignited 600 750 4,000

Table 2: South FRAQMD Emission Limits

NOx

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

VOC

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

CO

(ppmv at@ 15% 

O2)

Spark Ignited 

Rich Burn 25 250 4,000

Spark Ignited 

Lean Burn 65 750 4,000

Compression Ignited 80 750 4,000

D.2 Alternative Option: In lieu of complying with the 

requirements of D.1, the owner/operator may choose to 

permanently remove an existing engine from service and 

electrify the source. To satisfy this requirement, the 

owner/operator will:

a. Submit a statement to the Air Pollution Control 

Officer identifying the engine to be removed no later 

than six (6) months after District adoption of this 

rule, and;

b. Have the engine removed and electrify the source no 

later than three (3) years after District adoption of 

this rule.

E. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS

E.1 No later than one (1) year after District adoption of 

this Rule, the owner or operator of one or more 

stationary internal combustion engines subject to meet 

the emission limits of D.1 shall submit an Authority to 

Construct Application.

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FEATHER RIVER AQMD 3.22 - 4

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F. INITIAL COMPLIANCE DETERMINATION

D.2 F.1 Initial Compliance Demonstration: All 

enginesDEMONSTRATION: Each engine subject to meet the 

emission limits of D.1 shall demonstrate initial 

compliance. Initial compliance can be achieved by: 

a. Conducting a source test on a unit,the engine; or;

b. Providing the District with support documentation which 

demonstrates that the engine is in compliance with the 

emission limits of this Rulerule.

F.2 Initial Compliance Timeline: Initial INITIAL COMPLIANCE 

TIMELINE: Each engine shall demonstrate initial 

compliance shall be demonstrated no later than:

a. Two years after District adoption of this Rule for all 

existing engines, or;

b.D.3 Ninety ninety (90) days after the date of initial 

startup for all new engines..

D.4 F.3 On-going Compliance ProgramON-GOING COMPLIANCE PROGRAM: 

Upon successful demonstration of initial compliance, the 

owner or operator shall demonstrate on-going compliance as 

followed:

a. All unitsEach engine shall be source tested at least 

once every five (5) years, measured from the date of the 

last source test showing compliance. If initial 

compliance was satisfied without any source test data, 

the unitengine shall be source tested no later than five 

(5) years after the date of initial startup.

b. During any calendar year in which a source test is not 

performed, the owner/operator shall use an emission 

analyzer to take NOx, CO, and O2 readings from the engine 

to verify compliance with the applicable emission 

limits.

1)1. The analyzer shall be calibrated, maintained, and 

operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s 

specifications and recommendations. 

2)2. Analyzer test data point intervals shall be no 

greater than five (5) minutes and data points shall 

be averaged over no less than fifteen (15) minutes of 

engine operation.

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FEATHER RIVER AQMD 3.22 - 5

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3)3. An analyzer reading in excess of the limits 

specified in Section D.1 shall not be considered a 

violation soas long as the problem is corrected and a 

follow-up emission reading is conducted within 15 

days of the initial emission reading. If the problem 

cannot be corrected, the operator shall shutdown the 

engine and notify the District.

D.5 F.4 Compliance InspectionCOMPLIANCE INSPECTION: For 

compliance demonstration purposes, the testing of emissions 

shall be conducted in the presence of District staff unless 

District staff is not available. 

G.E. TEST METHODS AND PROCEDURES 

E.1 G.1 Test MethodsTEST METHODS: Compliance with the emission 

limits in TableTables 1 and 2 shall be determined using the 

following test proceduresmethods: 

a. Stack Gas Oxygen - EPA Method 3A or CARB Method 100.

b. Oxides of Nitrogen – EPA Method 7E or CARB Method 100.

c. Carbon Monoxide – EPA Method 10 or CARB Method 100.

d. Volatile Organic Compounds - EPA Method 18, 25A or, 25B 

or CARB Method 100.

e. NOx emission limitations shall be expressed as nitrogen 

dioxide (NO2). 

f. VOC emission limitations shall be referenced to methane. 

e.g. All ppmv emission limitations shall be referenced at 

15% volume stack gas oxygen on a dry basis. 

f.h. All emission readings shall be taken with the engine 

operating either at conditions representative of normal 

operations or conditions specified in the Permit to 

Operate.

g. The APCO may authorize the use of specific 

portable analyzers for the measurement of oxides of 

nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen which do not meet 

the requirements of the test methods specified in this 

section provided that evidence accompanies each test 

report that instrument operation conformed to 

manufacturer’s recommendations and that the 

instrument(s) used responded appropriately to 

calibration gases both before and after testing, and 

provided that measurements made by the methods specified 

in this section shall be recognized as more reliable in 

any dispute involving measurements made by different 

methods. Evidence of instrument response stability shall 

be provided if calibration checks are not performed at 

the test site immediately before and after testing.

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FEATHER RIVER AQMD 3.22 - 6

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H.F. RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

F.1 H.1 The facility shall maintain records for a period of 

RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS: A record of the following 

information shall be maintained for five (5) years and 

shall be made available for inspection by any authorizedto 

District personnel upon request. The facility shall 

maintain the following information:

a. The monthly and annual hours of operation or quantity of 

fuel consumed for each unit, and;engine;

b. A testing log which includes, but is not limited to, 

initial and on-going emission test results to verify 

compliance,; and;

c. Date(s) and type of maintenance performed.

F.2 H.2 SOURCE TEST PROTOCOL AND REPORT: A source test 

protocol shall be submitted to the District for review and 

approval at least thirty (30) days prior to theany source 

test. The results from the source test shall be submitted 

to the District within thirty (30) days after testing.

H.3 ON-GOING COMPLIANCE REPORT: The facility shall submit a 

report to the District demonstrating on-going compliance 

for each engine by March 31 every year.

H.4 The APCO may include additional recordkeeping 

requirements to assure compliance of this rule for each 

unit.

F.3

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