SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY

APPELLATE DIVISION

DOCKET NO. A-4073-17T4

CAMILE COLARUSSO,

Plaintiff-Respondent,

v.

DAVID COLARUSSO,

Defendant-Appellant.

Submitted May 28, 2019 – Decided June 12, 2019

Before Judges Fasciale and Rose.

On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, 

Chancery Division, Family Part, Bergen County, 

Docket No. FM-02-0308-15.

Pless & Habeeb, LLP, attorneys for appellant (Randal 

W. Habeeb, on the briefs).

Callagy Law, PC, attorneys for respondent (Brian P. 

McCann, on the brief).

PER CURIAM

NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE

APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION

This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the 

internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
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In this post-judgment dissolution matter, defendant David Colarusso 

appeals from a Family Part order, denying his motion for reconsideration and 

enforcing an award of counsel fees, professional fees, and pendente lite expenses 

to plaintiff Camile Colarusso. We affirm.

I.

We commence our review with a brief discussion of well-settled legal 

principles to give context to the trial judge's decision. 

We review a trial court's denial of reconsideration only for abuse of 

discretion. Granata v. Broderick, 446 N.J. Super. 449, 468 (App. Div. 2016); 

Cummings v. Bahr, 295 N.J. Super. 374, 389 (App. Div. 1996). Reconsideration 

is "a matter within the sound discretion of the [c]ourt, to be exercised in the 

interest of justice." Palombi v. Palombi, 414 N.J. Super. 274, 288 (App. Div. 

2010) (quoting D'Atria v. D'Atria, 242 N.J. Super. 392, 401 (Ch. Div. 1990)). 

Governed by Rule 4:49-2, reconsideration is appropriate for a "narrow 

corridor" of cases in which either the court's decision was made upon a "palpably 

incorrect or irrational basis," or where "it is obvious that the [c]ourt either did 

not consider, or failed to appreciate the significance of probative, competent 

evidence." Fusco v. Bd. of Educ., 349 N.J. Super. 455, 462 (App. Div. 2002) 

(quoting D'Atria, 242 N.J. Super. at 401). In determining whether such an abuse 
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has taken place, a reviewing court should be mindful that a party must not utilize 

reconsideration merely because of "dissatisfaction with a decision of the 

[c]ourt." Capital Fin. Co. of Del. Valley v. Asterbadi, 398 N.J. Super. 299, 310 

(App. Div. 2008) (alteration in original) (quoting D'Atria, 242 N.J. Super. at 

401). 

II.

We incorporate by reference the facts, which are set forth at length in our 

prior opinion and need not be repeated here. Colarusso v. Colarusso, A-3324-

16 (App. Div. Oct. 1, 2018) (slip op. at 2-6).

1

 Instead, we recite the pertinent 

procedural history that forms the focal point of this appeal.

In July 2014, plaintiff filed a complaint for divorce. Id. at 2. On July 14, 

2015, the parties executed a consent order, which obligated defendant to pay 

approximately $5000 in pendente lite support. Id. at 2-3. During the twelveday trial, both parties were self-represented and they were the only witnesses to 

testify. Id. at 6. 

On March 2, 2017, Judge Lisa A. Firko issued a final dual judgment of 

divorce (FJOD), accompanied by a comprehensive twenty-three page written 

 

1 Our decision was rendered after the parties filed their briefs in this appeal.
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opinion. Relevant here, the judge ordered defendant to pay plaintiff $500 per 

week as open durational alimony. Id. at 9. The judge also denied defendant's 

request to retroactively reduce his pendente lite support obligations. 

Post-judgment litigation proved to be as contentious as pretrial litigation. 

Defendant ceased all pendente lite support as of March 2, 2017. Plaintiff filed 

an emergent application seeking clarification of the date by which pendente lite 

support would terminate. On April 7, 2017, Judge Firko issued an order 

"provid[ing] that [d]efendant . . . maintain his pendente lite obligations as set 

forth in the July 14, 2015 [c]onsent [o]rder through March 31, 2017." The judge 

further ordered defendant to settle all past due pendente lite obligations, and 

awarded plaintiff $1500 in counsel fees. 

On April 17, 2017, defendant remitted to plaintiff's counsel a check for 

$1139.63. In his accompanying correspondence, defendant stated, "This check 

represents all outstanding bills defendant was responsible for." Defendant 

itemized the expenses included in his payment as follows: $928.01 for health 

insurance; $149.12 for an Optimum bill and $62.50 for a Verizon bill. 

Certifying that she believed defendant's check was a partial pendente lite 

payment, plaintiff cashed the check "because [d]efendant was so far behind in 

alimony payments." 
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On May 3, 2017, plaintiff filed a pro se motion seeking various relief, 

including reimbursement for all pendente lite expenses incurred through March 

31, 2017, i.e., "health insurance, unreimbursed medical expenses, and carrying 

costs of the former marital home." Defendant opposed the motion pro se. By 

order entered July 7, 2017, Judge Firko denied, as moot, plaintiff's 

reimbursement requests. In a written statement of reasons, accompanying the 

order, the judge explained her decision (emphasis added):

Plaintiff, through her [a]ppellate counsel, Brian 

McCann, Esq., filed a [p]ost-[j]udgment [m]otion 

which resulted in this [c]ourt entering a[] [clarifying 

o]rder on April 7, 2017, which provided as follows:

2. Defendant shall be responsible for all 

past due and outstanding [p]endente [l]ite 

obligations through March 31, 2017 and as 

set forth in the July 14, 2015 [c]onsent 

[o]rder, inclusive of the $450.00 per month 

in unallocated support to [p]laintff. To the 

extent that [p]laintiff has had to pay any 

such expenses, [d]efendant shall reimburse 

her the full amount within [three] days of 

being presented with an invoice and proof 

of payment for same. Credits to be 

discussed between counsel for [p]laintiff 

and the parties.

Plaintiff did not articulate why she seeks 

reimbursement for these items. She simply attached 

various invoices, and documentation of automatic 

withdrawals, some of which are dated after March 31, 
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2017. Furthermore, the alleged "proof" of her 

payments does not match the invoices submitted.

Defendant opposes said relief, and argues that 

Mr. McCann never contacted him to discuss potential 

credits and offsets due to [d]efendant, as directed by 

this [c]ourt. Defendant also argues that on Apri1 17, 

2017, he wrote a letter to Mr. McCann and provided an 

explanation as to outstanding fees. He also enclosed a 

check, which was cashed by [p]laintiff. The [c]ourt 

finds that the cashing of the check by [p]laintiff 

constituted an accord and satisfaction of any 

outstanding dispute between the parties relative to the 

relief requested. Therefore, [p]laintiff's [m]otion in this 

regard is denied. Defendant correctly points out that as 

per the [FJOD], it is clearly stated that [p]laintiff is to 

assume financial responsibility of all household bills as 

of April 1, 2017.

Thereafter plaintiff, through counsel, sought enforcement of the July 14, 

2015 consent order and April 7, 2017 clarifying order, and counsel fees. To 

support her application, plaintiff annexed to her certification a spreadsheet of 

the "complete, detailed and specific reconciliation of the monies" owed by 

defendant, prepared by plaintiff's expert, Carleen J. Gaskin, CPA/CFF. 

Immediately following oral argument on January 26, 2018, Judge Firko

rendered an oral decision, granting each of plaintiff's requests for pendente lite 

support, based on Gaskin's "very detailed forensic analysis of the expenses." In 

particular, the judge noted Gaskin thoroughly addressed each itemized pendente 

lite expense at issue by "connecting the reimbursements owed to the [attached] 
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statements, which is exactly the way it [i]s supposed to be done." Accordingly, 

the judge had "no question in [her] mind about any[ of the expenses]." That 

level of "explicit detail" obviated the necessity for a plenary hearing. Relying 

on Gaskin's analysis, the judge then painstakingly addressed each itemized 

pendente lite expense, and explained the calculation of her award. 

Turning to plaintiff's counsel fees, the judge considered McCann's 

credentials as a certified matrimonial attorney, finding his hourly rate was 

commensurate with his "experience and expertise in the Bergen County 

Vicinage." Noting this enforcement matter "took a lot of work and detail[,]" the 

judge found McCann's "23.1 hours in connection with this post-judgment motion 

practice [wa]s warranted" under Rule 4:42-9, RPC 1.5(a) and Williams v. 

Williams, 59 N.J. 229 (1971). The judge elaborated:

This should have been straightforward enforcement, 

based upon the [pendente lite] orders and my [FJOD]. 

. . . So [McCann's] work was necessary and required 

and well done.

. . . . I found the fee to be reasonable, the amount 

involved and results obtained. Plaintiff prevailed on all 

aspects of the motion and took a good faith position 

while the defendant was unreasonable and acted in bad 

faith. 

Further, the judge determined defendant's accord and satisfaction 

argument was misplaced, recognizing the Family Court "is a court of equity" 
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and "not a [c]ivil case where the [c]ourt would apply the [Uniform Commercial 

Code (U.C.C.)] strictly." The judge continued: 

I [a]m not familiar with the U.C.C. really being 

controlling in a Family Court case and on many of the 

issues presented today, especially significant to the 

[c]ourt, deal with the children. [The issues also d]eal 

with health insurance costs, even the cable bills, the car 

insurance, the homeowners fees, at a time when [the 

children] were not emancipated and I am not familiar 

with any authority that says the U.C.C. would be used 

to prejudice the children. They have rights that are 

superior to parents and many other people in society. 

So I find there was no meeting of the minds. I am not 

going to strictly apply the U.C.C. or an accord and 

satisfaction for those reasons.

Ultimately, the judge awarded $8677.67 for past due pendente lite 

payments, and $9124.50 for counsel fees. In doing so, the judge noted 

"defendant tried to misrepresent certain things [concerning his purported 

pendente lite payments] to the [c]ourt and adversary and to plaintiff." He failed 

to make pendente lite payments as they became due despite "being presented 

with proofs on a fluid basis." Instead, it was necessary for plaintiff to incur the 

cost of Gaskin's "extremely detailed report." The judge also permitted plaintiff 

to file a supplemental certification to support her award of professional fees for 

services rendered by Gaskin. 
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Defendant moved for reconsideration of the January 26, 2018 order; 

plaintiff filed a cross-motion seeking additional counsel fees and professional 

fees incurred while contesting defendant's motion. Both parties were 

represented by counsel on the March 29, 2018 return date. 

On April 4, 2018, Judge Firko rendered an extensive oral decision, which 

spanned twenty-nine transcript pages, denying defendant's motion for 

reconsideration and plaintiff's application for additional fees. The judge 

squarely addressed the issues raised. Citing Cummings, the judge determined 

defendant failed to meet the legal standard for reconsideration. Referencing her 

lengthy January 26, 2018 oral decision, the judge reiterated that Gaskin's work 

was "meticulous" and provided ample support for her decision. 

Notably, in response to defendant's certification accompanying his motion 

for reconsideration, Gaskin submitted a detailed letter to McCann, analyzing 

each of defendant's challenges to her forensic analysis. Quoting extensively 

from that correspondence, the judge placed "a lot of weight" on Gaskin's review. 

In sum, Gaskin determined defendant "provided no additional financial 

documentation. And many of his explanations and/or documents . . . were 

duplicative." Accordingly, the judge determined defendant provided no new 

information that would warrant reconsideration or modification of her prior 
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order. The judge noted defendant could have retained a forensic accountant to 

rebut Gaskin's opinion, but he failed to do so. 

Finally, Judge Firko determined plaintiff was entitled to $10,100.99 for 

Gaskin's fees. In support, of her decision, the judge set forth Gaskin's 

professional credentials and the extensive forensic accounting services she 

provided. For example, Gaskin's analysis included numerous orders entered in 

this matter and "a detailed review of bank statements, cancelled checks, [and] 

copies of original invoices." Following her review of Gaskin's invoices for

services rendered, the judge concluded Gaskin's fees were "reasonable and 

accurate." 

Accordingly, the judge entered an order on April 4, 2018, requiring 

defendant to pay plaintiff $27,903.26, i.e., $8677.772for past due pendente lite 

payments, $9124.50 for counsel fees, and $10,100.99 for professional fees. The 

judge entered an amended order on April 6, 2018, correcting the date by which 

defendant was required to remit payments. This appeal followed.

On appeal, defendant raises the following points for our consideration:

 

2 We note a ten cents discrepancy between the January 26, 2018 and April 4, 

2018 orders. To the extent such mistake is not attributable to a mere 

typographical error, we consider such discrepancy to be de minimus and not 

material to the resolution of the issues presented on appeal. 
11 A-4073-17T4

POINT I

STANDARD OF REVIEW [IS NOT DEFERENTIAL 

BECAUSE THE COURT FAILED TO CONDUCT A 

PLENARY HEARING.

(Not Raised Below)3]

POINT II

JUDGE FIRKO'S INITIAL DECISION THAT THERE 

WAS AN ACCORD AND SATISFACTION SHOULD 

BE DISPOSITIVE[,] UNDER ALL OF THE FACTS 

AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF THIS CASE.

POINT III

THE AWARD OF SUBSTANTIAL ATTORNEYS' 

AND PROFESSIONAL FEES WELL BEYOND THE 

DAMAGES SOUGHT AND WITHOUT REGARD TO 

THE FINANCIAL ABILITIES OF THE PARTIES 

WAS AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.

We have considered these contentions in light of the record and applicable 

legal principles, and conclude they are without sufficient merit to warrant 

discussion in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E). We affirm substantially for 

the reasons expressed in Judge Firko's cogent March 29, 2018 decision, 

 

3 As plaintiff correctly notes in her merits brief, defendant's failure to set forth 

his argument for a plenary hearing in a proper point heading violates Rule 2:6-

2(a)(6). Accordingly, we decline to consider the argument. See Mid-Atl. Solar 

Energy Indus. Ass'n v. Christie, 418 N.J. Super. 499, 508 (App. Div. 2011) 

(declining to consider a "cursory discussion" that was "raised for the first time

. . . at the end of [the plaintiff]'s brief without a separate point heading"); Pressler 

& Verniero, Current N.J. Court Rules, cmt. 2 on R. 2:6-2 (2019). 
12 A-4073-17T4

incorporating her thorough January 26, 2018 decision. In doing so, we discern 

no abuse of discretion on the part of the trial judge. Granata, 446 N.J. Super. at 

468. We add only the following brief comments.

Defendant's argument that the judge failed to consider factors one, three, 

eight, and nine of Rule 5:3-5(c),4 which permits an award of fees in a Family 

Part action, is belied by the record or otherwise misplaced. For example, Judge 

Firko explicitly discussed factor one, "[t]he financial circumstances of the 

parties." The judge noted the disparity between the parties' incomes, 

acknowledging she had imputed respective incomes of $34,000 to plaintiff and 

$127,000 to defendant.5 The judge also discussed factor three, "[t]he 

 

4 Pursuant to Rule 5:3-5(c) the court may consider:

(1) the financial circumstances of the parties; (2) the 

ability of the parties to pay their own fees or to 

contribute to the fees of the other party; (3) the 

reasonableness and good faith of the positions 

advanced by the parties both during and prior to trial; 

(4) the extent of the fees incurred by both parties; (5) 

any fees previously awarded; (6) the amount of fees 

previously paid to counsel by each party; (7) the results 

obtained; (8) the degree to which fees were incurred to 

enforce existing orders or to compel discovery; and (9) 

any other factor bearing on the fairness of an award.

5

 We previously upheld Judge Firko's imputation of income on appeal. 

Colarusso, slip op. at 13-14.
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reasonableness and good faith positions of the parties[,]" finding defendant 

acted in bad faith. 

Regarding Gaskin's professional fees, Judge Firko discussed at length the 

accountant's credentials and her work performed, which "included a detailed 

review of bank statements, cancelled checks, [and] copies of original invoices." 

Holding Gaskin to the same standard set forth in Williams that applies to an 

attorney's fee application, the judge noted Gaskin provided the "date, the staff 

or partner at the firm who worked on the case, a description of the services and 

the amounts billed." See Williams, 59 N.J. at 235 (finding fees were reasonable 

when "[t]he record indicate[d] that a great deal of time and effort was expended 

. . . ."). Additionally, the judge found the necessity of Gaskin's work "was 

reasonably and []proximately caused by . . . defendant's refusal to comply with 

the prior orders of the [c]ourt and the [FJOD]."

We also reject defendant's contention that the fees were unreasonable 

because they exceeded the award for pendente lite relief. See Litton Indus., Inc. 

v. IMO Indus., Inc., 200 N.J. 372, 387-88 (2009) (holding that when an attorney 

fee exceeds the amount of damages recovered, the court may still uphold such 

fees if they are reasonable). 
14 A-4073-17T4

Little needs to be said regarding defendant's accord and satisfaction 

argument. In particular, defendant claims Judge Firko's July 7, 2017 

determination that plaintiff's acceptance of defendant's $1139.63 check absolved 

his pendente lite obligations under the law of the case doctrine. As defendant 

acknowledges, however, that doctrine is a non-binding rule intended to prevent 

relitigation of a previously resolved issue. See Lombardi v. Masso, 207 N.J. 

517, 538-39 (2011). 

Here, when presented with Gaskin's detailed analysis, the judge 

essentially reconsidered her July 7, 2017 order. Indeed, during the November 

9, 2017 status conference, the judge recognized plaintiff's application was "a 

motion for reconsideration in disguise." Although in rendering her January 26, 

2018 decision, the judge did not explicitly cite the legal standard for 

reconsideration, she acknowledged the inequities of applying accord and

satisfaction to the payment at issue in this Family Part matter.

Moreover, when Judge Firko entered the July 7, 2017 order, she did not 

have the benefit of Gaskin's analysis. As McCann argued before the judge 

reconsidered her decision, "there was no meeting of the minds, there was no 

bon[a]fide dispute as to the amount and [plaintiff] never expressed any intention 

of accepting [defendant's $1139.63 check] as payment in full of almost $9,000 
15 A-4073-17T4

that she says is due to her . . . ." Accordingly, the judge properly exercised her 

discretion and correctly determined pendente lite support was due and owing.

Affirmed.