http://www.navy.mil/navpalib/cno/n7 6

Urme 2

Vol. 29, No. 3

e

C k~

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 N
Winner

ONA

ON THE COWER:

Three designs for one significantly transformed Navy. From left to right: DD(X), LCS by Lockheed Martin, KS by General

Dynamics . (Ship graphics provided by Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin, and General Dynamics)

=s -ss~~~~

assZ=Y m _

a

4. Future Ships: History in the making

Interview with RDML Sam Locklear, former Nimitz Strike Group Commander and current Deputy Director of

Surface Warfare, on how we may employ the capabilities of future ships .

6. One ship can't do it all

The U .S . Navy is recapitalizing its fleet today to meet the threats and challenges of the future . The sea service is

embarking on a course that will create not one but three new classes of surface warships, while upgrading existing

ships and their combat capability .

15. Getting Aegis ballistic missile defense to sea

The Navy's future is Sea Power 21 . However, in the area of Homeland Defense, the future is now. Within months, the Navy

assumes a strategic role in Homeland Defense against ballistic missiles that lays the foundation of fully integrated naval

forces as part of the Joint Team across the global battlefield .

20. Surface ship torpedo defense

I always wondered is there a better way to "fight back" at an incoming torpedo? Is there a way to shoot the arrow, to maximize

our chance of survival, and to continue our primary mission?

22. Making the enemy see green

Even under cover of darkness, Navy ships often reveal themselves to a coastal observer when they look closely for us . Naval Sea

Systems Command (NAVSEA), however, has a relatively inexpensive way of reducing an adversary's ability to detect a 40,000-ton

warship on the horizon .

bDALTON

PEN

Award

Winner

U.S. Naval Ships crests poster

The ships listed are commissioned U .S . Navy surface vessels classified as "Battle Force Ships" in the Naval Vessel Register.

Surface Warfare (US PS 104-170)(ISSN 0145-1073) is published quarterly by the Department of the Navy, Director, Surface Warfare (OPNAV N761 M), 2511 Jefferson Davis HWY, Suite 4300, 4th Floor, Arlington

VA 22202 . Periodicals postage paid at Arlington, VA, and at additional mailing offices . The Secretary of the Navy has determined this publication is necessary in the transaction of business required by law or the

Department of the Navy. Funds for printing this publication have been approved by the Navy Publications and Printing Committee .

Postmaster . Send address changes to Surface Warfare, OPNAV N761 M, 2000 Navy Pentagon, Washington, DC 20350 .2000.

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
~__-° _ - __ __E _ _

F=5

25. Surface action, rescues, drug busts

28. Multinational forces conclude Sea Saber

30. ESG-FDNF delivers cutting edge Navy and

Marine Corps teamwork

34. Cutting mishaps in half

36. ATG trains the Fleet

38. Task Force Sea Sentry: Monitoring the

theater maritime picture

42 . DESRON 23 names Junior Officer Tactician

of the Year

__= E ^= A-

-

?=3-== _ E.

=G E

- - ec --

s _~-

_A=

E== -_

Ea= =-

-___ == _

=-

RADM Mark Edwards, USN

Director, Surface Warfare Division

Military Editor

LT Duane Neal, USN

Managing Editor

JOI Andrew Karalis, USN

Photo Editor

J02 James Re, USN

Staff Journalist

JOSN Heather Canterbury, USN

Administration and Distribution

YNI(AW) Mark Krizovski, USN

43 . Cruiser commemorates 60th anniversary

of Battle of Anzio

s

= 3

Editorial :

Address editorial inquiries to :

Surface Warfare Magazine

OPNAV N761M

2000 Navy Pentagon

Washington, DC 20350-2000

Phone: (103) 604-1911

FAX: (703) 604-1911

DSN Prefix : 664

E -mail : surfwarmagQa n avy .mi l

Vol. 29, No . 3

32 . Norfolk ships deploy in support of GWOT

33. Mobile Bay Sailors get a new taste

of Navy chow

39 . USV Spartan Scout deployed on Gettysburg

40 . Business leaders observe USS Stethem

crew in action

Layout and Design by :

Allen Wayne, Ltd .

Phone: (103) 321-7414

Toll Free : 800-695-8880

Web: www .allenwayne .co m

Printed By :

Universal Printing Co .

1101 Macklind Ave .

St . Louis, MO63110

Fax : 314-771-1987

Phone: 314-111-6900

ON THE

BACK:

21 years ago, President

Reagan addressed the

Nation and announced the

concept of a missile defense .

As part of the BMD Initial

Defensive Operations directive, the Navy will deploy a

guided-missile destroyer to

serve as a Long-Range

Surveillance and Tracking

(LRS&T) platform . (See page

15)(File Photo/White House)

Subscriptions

Superintendent of Documents

U .S . Government Printing Office

Chief of Subscriptions

Washington, DC 20402

Phone: (202) 512-1800

Fax : (202) 512-2250

By mail : P.O. Box 311954

Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954

Master stock number :

708-050-00000.8 (SW)

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
4

The backbone of the

21st century

fleet will be the

next-generation

of surface combatants : the Littoral

Combat Ship, LCS,

the advanced multiY

mission destroyer, DD(X),

1 and the advanced cruiser,

CG(X). Together with our modernized cruisers and guided missile

destroyers, these combatants will comprise the Surface Combatant Family of Ships (SCFC)S),

the theme of this issue of Surface Waarffflre. LCS will change warfare in the littorals the way

Aegis changed air defense. Design contracts have been

awarded and construction will start in January 2005

with delivery of the first LCS in early fiscal year 2007 .

The open systems architecture and modular characteristics of LCS will enable rapid reconfiguration of mission packages so the theater commander will have the

best possible assortment of capabilities when confronting access denial threats in the littorals .

DD(X), the U .S . Navy's future multimission surface

combatant, is being optimized to deliver precision

strike and fire support, dominate the littoral environment, and defeat the most challenging air, surface, and

undersea threats. DD(X) will shatter the traditional

notion of a surface combatant . The 14,000-ton DD(X)

will have 80 vertical-launch cells and two 155nana

Advanced Gun Systems (AGS) with over 600 LongRange Land-Attack Projectile rounds providing volumie, precision, and a range of approximately 100

nautical miles . Tactical Tumaliawlc and Standard Missiles

will be housed in the peripherally mounted Advanced

Vertical Launch System, a new system that directs

explosive damage outward, reducing the chance of a

single-hit ship loss .

However, DD(X) is much more than a strike platform . She will have the Integrated Undersea Warfare

system with a multifunction towed array, a dual hand

sonar, and vertical launch ASROC . For air defense,

DD(X) will employ a dual band radar that will be

more capable than the SPY radar, particularly over

land, and the next generation of Sl audard missile .

DD(X) will also have an in-stride arsine avoidance system that will enable her to detect and safely avoid

mines. Additionally, through human systems integration, optimal manning, and use of "smart ship" technology, the crew will be less than half that of an

Arleiglr Burke-class destroyer - between 125 and 175

people, including the aviation detachment .

DD(X) also will have a revolutionary integrated

electric drive propulsion and power distribution system, which will generate and efficiently distribute sufficient power to enable fu true employment of

directed-energy weapons such as electromagnetic rail

guns, lasers, and high-power microwave devices .

DD(X) will look radically different from previous combatant designs, from its tumblehome - or inward

sloping -- hull to its wave-piercing bow .

Further, DD(X) will be the technology engine for

future ships such as CVN 21, LHA(R), and the

advanced cruiser, CG(X) . CG(X) will project an

"umbrella" of air and missile defense, protecting carrier and expeditionary strike groups, ground forces,

and land-based air forces .

Although CG(X) is still in the concept stage, we are

taking a hard look at the joint capabilities gaps CG(X)

will ultimately fill . We're making critical decisions

now to determine what weapons and sensors she will

carry, and how large CG(X) will need to be to provide

those c apabilities . CG(X) is being planned now to

become operational toward the end of the next decade

as the TicondercWca-class cruisers approach 35 years of

service life .

Each of these three ships, LCS, DD(X), and CG(X),

together with our modernized Aegis cruisers and

destroyers, will provide the Navy and our nation with

a highly effective, affordable, and long-servin ; force of

surface warships. Our family of ships will provide

our nation credible, persistent combat power to the far

corners of this earth, anywhere, anytime, around the

world, around-the-clock .

RADM Mark Edwards

Director, Surface Warfare
There could not have been a better

way to begin the Summer issue on

"Future Ships" than the awarding of

the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) contract to General Dynamics and

Lockheed Martin earlier this season .

As you will read in "One Ship Can't

Do It All," the LCS provides ultimate

littoral access by capitalizing on its

open architecture design .

Many of you who participated in

our web-poll felt its modularity was

the most interesting aspect of LCS .

Configuration of LCS occurs within

days instead of waiting for future

modernization upgrades or significantly redesigning installed software .

Additionally, the LCS modules will

provide an enhanced mine warfare

capability; an effective counter to

small, fast, highly armed boats ; or better antisubmarine warfare capability

Summer 2004

By LT Duane Neal

Military Editor

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

focused on quiet diesel and advanced

air-independent propulsion submarines operating in shallow waters .

Essentially, the basic LCS ship platform is a "sea frame," delivering its

"payload" to the naval or joint force

commander in the form of modularized combat capability. The main battery of LCS will be its off-board

systems, including manned helicopters, unmanned aerial vehicles,

unmanned surface vehicles and

unmanned underwater vehicles .

The addition of LCS into the current Fleet, especially when coupled

with DD(X) or CG(X), will dramatically enhance power projection .

RDML Sam Locklear, former Nimitz

Carrier Strike Group Commander,

explores this topic in our lead article,

"Future Ships : History in the making ."

In addition to future ships, we also

introduce you to future combat systems - last summer we featured the

successful detection and tracking of

incoming Iraqi ballistic missiles by

USS Higgins (DDG 76), which passed

the targeting data to Patriot missile

batteries for intercept . Only one year

later, an Aegis destroyer will deploy

to serve as a Long-Range

Surveillance and Tracking (LRS&T)

platform as part of the Ballistic

Missile Defense (BMD) Initial

Defensive Operations capability.

BMD evolved from the late President

Reagan's 1983 Strategic Defense

Initiative, and gained momentum for

the Navy when President Bush

declared the United States'

I n 7 -I"+ _E: ia I S"r

C-lTU -- T

withdrawal from the 1972 AntiBallistic Missile Treaty prohibiting

sea-based BMD systems in 2002 .

At your request, we have also

provided an updated version of the

poster we produced for you in 2002 .

Ship's crests are displayed with

their silhouettes . The ships listed

are commissioned U .S . Navy surface vessels classified as "Battle

Force Ships" in the Naval Vessel

Register (www.nvr.navy.mil ) . This

includes aircraft carriers, surface

combatants, amphibious warfare

ships, mine warfare ships in an

active status, and combat logistics

ships under custody of either the

U .S . Navy, or the Military Sealift

Command's (MSC) Naval Fleet

Auxiliary Force . The only exception

is USS Constitution, included for

its historical significance .

We are also pleased to report more

than 400 people have downloaded

"Quick Math for the OOD" since we

made it available in May on our website . We hope you are finding it useful and we welcome any feedback on

how to improve the test.

Finally, we wish fair winds and

following seas to our staff journalist

and photographer, J02 James Zike,

who leaves us in August . He will be

going to Diego Garcia as a Media

Specialist . Welcome aboard to JOSN

Heather Canterbury who, ironically,

detached from Diego Garcia prior to

joining our staff .

3

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Managing

to

'W

Surface Warfare Magazine Military Editor LlUurzrac Neal and 1VlaF~a z~

- r lra~ Editorr j01 And u Krarralts share cxcerl t .s is. . ,r_ ni a ro

recent Pentagon conversation held with taroe nc.zn Deputy Dint tar of Surface WWarfare RDML Sam Loc.lclcrar (O(N/tV N76f3) .

n., joining the 01 N, lid staff in f ebraarary 2004, Locklcar seined (is Commander of Cruiser Destroyer Group 5 and Nimitz

St

.r. ~k.,c, Czrc '~~til

,a

duet so Xc t aii~ t a the Aral c ir ' i Gulf f, for Cpl~enatioars Iraqi~ Freedom and Enduring Freedom . Pie topics of rh.

cIISSiLi

tlI n - c'uj'.{ll4litiCs rt edirt io, acrd tare :' :'arc of I'n, futuresurfaca. Navy .

SWM: Now that you have seen the

Navy's new capabilities developing

in your new job, are there any future

ships or systems you wish you had

on your last deployment? How

would you have employed them?

First, today's surface

warfare fleet - made up primarily of

cruisers, guided-missile destroyers

4

hin

RDML Sam Locklear, Commander Cruiser Destroyer Group 5, adds his signature to a door collage

designed by two Sailors aboard USS Nimitz (CVN 68) . (AN Moebel rnoko/USN)

and guided-missile frigates - are truly

magnificent ships with superb crews

performing incredibly challenging

and difficult missions all around the

globe in support of our national interests and the Global War on Terrorism

(GWOT). We have proven that these

ships can get the job done in almost

every environment . Of course, in the

coming years we will have to do

some upgrades to these ships so they

can continue to face emerging threats,

and plans are in the works to make

that happen.

However, my experience during

our deployment reaffirmed the value

of ships that can operate up close in

the. littorals. Ships that can get in and

get out quickly, can be configured for

z wide range of joint missions, and

have a robust C51 (command., control, communications, computers,

collaboration, and intelligence) capability. Ships that can guarantee our

unencumbered access in contested

littorals across the globe .

SWAI That sounds like the

Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) . Were

there any particular occasions you

might have said, "I wish I had LCS"

during this timeframe?

There definitely win, .

At the end of the hostility phase of

Operation Iraqi Freedom, there were

four carrier strike groups in the

ian Gulf. Within less than two

weeks, only Ninaitz Strike Group

remained.

We were tasked. with the conduct

and oversight of all maritime contro ,

operations from the Northern

Arabian Gulf down to the Central

11

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
African coast off Somalia - literally

thousands of miles separated ships

doing a variety of specialized missions in the littorals . For about sixmonths Nimitz Strike Group surface

MMOM forces stayed very busy, providing

oversight and escort for more than

,`30() "black-bottomed" and "gray-bottomed" vessels (Military Sealift

Command ships, supply ships, maritime preposition ships, and

amphibious ships) bringing personnel and material in and out of theater. At the same time, we were

doing a significant number of

Maritime Interdiction Operations

and short notice Special Operations

in support of Faduring Freedom and

the GWOT, and we provided for t tee

protection of key maritime infrastructure throughout the region .

On numerous occasions, we had

at our disposal HSV-X1

(Experimental High Speed Vessel

joint Venture that has since been

replaced by HSV 2 Swift) . The capabilities resident in the HSV were

extremely valuable - high speed,

reconfigurable, good command and

control - the attributes we needed to

get the job done. We could have used

an entire squadron of HSVs. But

remember, HSV was not built from

the keel up to be a warship . LCS will

be a true warship capable of fighting

and winning in the littorals . The first

few LCS mission packages will focus

on ASK MIW and SUW, but the sky

is the limit on future combat capability that can be rapidly packed into

these warships . I believe there is a

definite need for LCS in our fleet

today - the sooner we can deliver

them, the better .

SWM: With Tomahawk strikes that

perhaps you were tasked with, or

standing by to do, in addition to all

the other mission areas you were

already performing, what situations

could you foresee the future surface

combatant DD(X) particularly

excelling in?

5u,nnier 2004

I

A RDML Sam locklear addresses USS Nimitz ((VN 68) crew members during an admiral's call held on

the carrier's flight deck . (PH3 Yesenia Rosas/USN)

I am glad you asked

about DD(X) . Many don't fully

understand that DD(X) is a true multimission surface warfare platform . It

will have an incredibly capable and

sophisticated Anti-Air Warfare system; a superb Anti-Submarine

Warfare suite, including advanced

hull-mounted sonar and towed

array ; and in addition, it will be able

to embark two SH-60R helicopters

and operate VTUAVs (Vertical

Takeoff Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) .

It will have a 50-fold. reduction in

radar cross-section from that of a

DDG, and it will be unbelievably

quiet. It will employ Tomahawk,

Tactical Tomahawk, and. it's Advanced.

Gun System (AGS) will be able to

shoot a guided round roughly 100

nautical miles ; which from a surface

fires perspective will dramatically

open up the battle space and significantly improve our forced entry

capability from the sea . The joint

force will be happy when DD(X)

comes over the horizon .

DD(X) will capitalize on innovative human system engineering

capabilities, because it is designed

from the keel up to maximize the

investment we make in people .

Additionally, DD(X), as some of you

may or may not be aware, currently

has 10 Engineering Development

Models that allow us to accelerate

technology development and insertion well before we even start building the first ship . The models include

exciting technologies such as all-electric drive and AGS, just to name a

couple. It is truly a transformational

platform that will very soon become

a reality.

Would I have wanted the capabilities of DD(X) in my strike group?

Absolutely. Because of their multimission nature they would have

been useful in almost any joint scenario. DD(X) will greatly expand the

littoral battlespace and will be a key

enabler to establishing and maintaining the scabase .

SWM: In closing, where do you

see surface warfare heading?

Today's surface

Navy is the best the world has ever

witnessed. Combine today's capabilities with those of LCS and DD(X)

and our future surface Navy will be

breathtakingly powerful . Surface

warriors are destined for a fantastic

future and I am very proud to be a

part of it!

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .
T

he U.S . Navy is recapitalizing

its fleet today to meet the

threats and challenges of the

future . The sea service is embarking

on a course that will create not one

but three new classes of surface warships, while upgrading existing ships

and their combat capability.

The Navy's Surface Combatant

Family of Ships (SCFOS) will serve as

the backbone of tomorrow's surface

fleet . The family will include the

next-generation destroyer, DD(X), the

Littoral Combat Ship (LCS), and the

Y The Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) will include an

enhanced mine warfare capability ; an effective

counter to small, fast, highly armed boats; or better

antisubmarine warfare capability focused on quiet

diesel and advanced air-independent propulsion

submarines operating in shallow waters, ultimately

ensuring maritime access in any environment .

Working together as part of a netted distributed

force, this future fleet will project power forward

and enable naval and joint task force commanders

to dominate the littoral battlespace, (Artist concept

provided to the U.S. Navy courtesy of

General Dynamics)

By Edward Lundquist

Anteon Corporation

next-generation cruiser, CG(X) . It will

also include the in-service Aegis fleet

of Arleigh Burke (DDC 51)-class

destroyers and Ticonderoga (CC 47)-

class cruisers, kept current and combat-relevant through modernization .

Together, this family of ships will

bring unmatched combat capabilities

that allow the Navy, joint and combined forces to access the fight, and

fight effectively once there .

The Navy has begun the acquisition process for both DD(X) and LCS .

The CG(X) cruiser will follow later,

with the mission of projecting

defense over forces afloat and ashore .

The Surface Combatant Family of

Ships will be a critical enabler of the

U.S . National Security Strategy, the

Naval Operating Concept and Sea

Power 21 . SCFOS is vital to maintaining maritime supremacy by providing the mix of capabilities required

by the Navy and the joint warfighter

for the next century.

The multimission capabilities of the

destroyers and cruisers will be complemented by the focused-mission

, When equipped with the ASW Mission

Package, LCS will conduct multi-sensor ASW

detection, classification, localization, trucking and

engagement of submarines throughout the littoral operating environment . LCS will have the

capability to embark ASW/multi-mission helicopters and unmanned vehicles, and will employ various Undersea Surveillance Systems,

environmental models and databases . (Artist concopt provided to the U.S. Navy courtesy Lockheed

Martin (orporation)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
M RICA'S FUTURE SURFACE FLEET WILL BE A "FAMILY ®F SHIPS"

LCS. LCS will be a relatively small,

fast, agile combatant optimized

through specialized mission-packages to fight small, fast surface craft,

mines and diesel submarines . The

ship will be modular and recon.figurable, carrying the appropriate mission capabilities in modules and

off-board systems to conduct either

mine countermeasures (MCM), antisubmarine warfare (ASW) or surface

warfare (SUW) . Each LCS can be

quickly reconfigured by changing the

modules for a different focused mission . The basic seaframe will be a relatively inexpensive platform, with a

core self-defense capability, but with

primary warfare capability resident

in the modules . Because LCS will be

affordable, it can be procured in relatively large numbers to allow the

Navy to reach and then sustain

sufficient force structure .

The heart of the family is DD(X) .

The research and development effort

for DD(X) will spiral new technologies

to LCS and CG(X) . These new combatants are being planned, designed,

and built to maximize technology,

modularity, human systems integration, open architecture and spiral

development to provide a fleet with

unmatched long-range fires and precision strike, forcible-entry capabilities,

and air superiority and missile

defense . Designed to support the joint

warfighter ashore and ensure maritime dominance, they will serve as

part of a netted and distributed force

with sophisticated command and control capabilities, which will allow

them to support carrier strike groups

and expeditionary strike groups, as

well as operate independently or as

Summer 2004

A The Navy's next generation destroyer, DD(X) made its first appearance on the high seas thanks to

Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Dahlgren, Va . and Navy Warfare Development Command (NWDC)

Naval Station Newport, R .I . A virtual projection of DD(X) was used during Fleet Battle Experiment Kilo to

help formulate future strategies for the fleet . (Raytheon)

core elements of missile-defense

surface action groups .

A SEA OF

CHALLENGE

While the U .S . Navy is without

equal in bluewater operations, there

are a wide variety of shadowy threats

that lurk closer in . The littoral or

coastal waters of the world - can be

choked with mines, blocked by submarines, or subject to raids by small

armed boats . These are threats that

cannot be ignored, avoided, or

bypassed. The Navy must have a

persistent presence in the littoral, and

must assure unfettered access for

friendly forces and commerce .

The littoral does not refer only to

waters close in to shore, but can

mean that area several hundred miles

out to sea . Some of the dangers in the

littoral are unsophisticated in nature,

like contact mines or suicide boats .

Others are more complex, like air

independent propulsion (All') submarines armed with supersonic antiship cruise missiles or long-range,

high-speed torpedoes . These threats

can limit our access, impede an invasion force, interdict our logistics

effort and damage capital ships .

More than 70 percent of the

Earth's population resides within a

few hundred miles of the world's

coastlines, near waterways teeming

with merchant ships .

Says Chief of Naval Operations

ADM Vern Clark, "To win on this

21st century battlefield, we must be

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
A Lockheed Martin Corporation Maritime Systems & Sensors, Moorestown, N .J ., is one of two defense contracting teams awarded contract options for final system

design with options for detail design and construction of up to two Flight 0 Littoral Combat Ships (L(S). (Lockheed Martin Corporation)

A Keel laying is scheduled to occur in 2005 with delivery of the first LCS in 2007 . The open systems

architecture and modular characteristics of LCS will enable timely change-out of mission packages so the

theater commander may optimize LCS when confronting threats trying to deny access to U .S. and

friendly forces in the littorals . (Artist concept provided to the U.S. Navy courtesy General Dynamics)

able to dominate the littorals, being

out and about, ready to strike on a

moment's notice, anywhere, anytime,

without a permission slip ."

The nature of expeditionary operations involves moving troops and

material ashore . While expeditionary

forces may have the ability to fly over

a contested beachhead and operate

far inland, access along the littoral is

still a strategic, operational, and

tactical imperative .

Sea-based expeditionary forces

can be deployed to virtually anywhere in the world on short notice

because the preponderance of their

equipment, vehicles, ammunition

and fuel are prepositioned forward

aboard ships, awaiting the call to

head into theater and deliver the

cargo to the troops who have

arrived from home . Large, forward

deployed logistics ships at locations

such as Diego Garcia or in the

Mediterranean, may be loaded with

vehicles for the Marines, fuel for the

Army, or bombs for the Air Force .

Several ships together may constitute the equipment for a brigade o

a division. The successful deployment of these ships into the port

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
The Flight 0 littoral Combat Ship (LCS) is an

entirely new breed of U .S . Navy warship . A fast,

agile, and networked surface combatant, L(S's modular, focused-mission design will provide combatant

commanders the required warfighting capabilities

and operational flexibility to ensure maritime dominance and access for the joint force . (Lockheed

Martin Corporation)

w

wrw`~

closest to where the expeditionary

forces are being inserted is an

operational imperative .

A good example of this concept in

action is the recent deployment of the

U.S . Army 101St Airborne during

Operation Iraqi Freedom . Preloaded

Military Sealift Command large,

medium-speed roll-on/roll-off ships

(LMSRs) and other fast sealift ships

transported more than three million

square feet of equipment that met the

troops in theater.

Recent operations in Iraq and

Afghanistan point to the need for

persistent presence, assured access,

long-range strike and a robust naval

surface fires support . Coalition mine

warfare forces located and destroyed

numerous mines and mine-like

objects before humanitarian supplies

could proceed into Iraqi ports . The

fact that several actual nines were

located and destroyed is indicative of

Summer 2004

General Dynamics - Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine, was announced as one of two defense contracting teams

awarded contract options for final system design with options for detail design and construction of up to two Flight 0

littoral Combat Ships (L(S) . LCS is an entirely new breed of U .S . Navy worship. A fast, agile, and networked surface

combatant, LCS's modular, focused-mission design will provide combatant commanders the required warfighting capabilities and operational flexibility to ensure maritime dominance and access for the joint force . LCS will operate with

focused-mission packages that deploy manned and unmanned vehicles to execute missions including : Special

Operations Forces (SOF) support ; high-speed transport; Maritime Interdiction Operations (MID); Intelligence,

Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) ; and Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection (AT/FP) . (Artist concept provided to the

U.S. Navy courtesy General Dynamics)

the reality of the mine threat in littoral waters and their tremendous

impact on operations . Once cleared

of the mine threat, Royal Navy surface combatants were able to position

themselves to deliver naval surface

fires to targets on the Al Faw peninsula in Southern Iraq. U .S. Navy

units did not have the shallow draft

to participate in delivering these

fires, but would have been able to

participate if longer-range precision

fires were available. But, the U .S .

Coast Guard's assets - key elements

of the Navy-Coast Guard "National

Fleet" concept - did indeed work in

areas that otherwise constrained

larger warships.

FUTURE FLEET

WILL BE

TRANSFORMATIONAL

DD(X) will be a critical enabler of

the National Security Strategy, the

Naval Operating Concept, and Sea

Power 21 . DD(X) will be a vital contributor to Joint Land. Warfare that

will perform all-weather, land-attack

missions complementing other U .S .

Navy, Air Force, and allied longrange strike assets . DD(X) provides

the joint force commander significant

volume fires and precision strike

capabilities throughout the battle

space when it is needed most: during

the early phases of a campaign.

DD(X) can operate with

Expeditionary Strike Forces or independently, to provide distributed

offensive fires in support of joint

forces ashore with its array of land

attack weapons .

"With the increased range and

speed of expeditionary mobility

assets, the landward area of influence

of Naval forces has increased by an

order of magnitude," said Gen .

Michael Hagee, Con-irnandant of the

Marine Corps, in congressional testimony. "Consequently, the nation

requires weapon systems with correspondingly greater range, lethality,

flexibility, and tactical mobility ."

H WEAPON

I(X)III

DD(X) will be armed with 80

peripheral vertical launch system

(PVLS) cells to accommodate nextgeneration missiles for precision

9

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
strike and extended air superiority .

The PVLS design has the added benefit of making DD(X) more survivable. A pair of 155mm guns, called

the Advanced Gun System (AGS),

will provide precision fire support at

extended ranges . AGS will use the

Long-Range Land-Attack Projectile

(LRLAP) that can reach targets up to

100 miles away. The AGS will be

completely automated and each

DD(X) will have a magazine capacity

of 600 rounds or more . The AGS has

a water-cooled barrel and can achieve

a rate of fire of up to 10 rounds

per minute .

Two DD(X)s provide firepower

equivalent to an entire battalion of

155mm howitzers, consisting of

three batteries of six guns each, and

the accompanying 58 cargo trucks,

42 utility trucks, 28 cargo trailers,

two wrecker trucks, five water

trailers, two medical vehicles, and

640 personnel .

The 155-mm LRLAP round carries

a 24-pound warhead. . Furthermore,

the AGS can fire several consecutive

rounds at the same target with varied

trajectories so they arrive simultaneously The Multiple Round

Simultaneous Impact (MRSI) capability can be employed against targets

up to 75 miles away.

DD(X) will be about 600 feet long,

79 feet wide, draw approximately 28

feet, a nd. b e capable of speeds in

excess of 30 knots . Displacement will

be approximately 14,000 tons . The

ship's tumblehome design will make

it appear smaller than it actually is

on radar. Although nearly twice the

displacement of a Sprruaruce-class

destroyer, through signature reductions and its unique tumblehome hull

design, DD(X) will be a stealthy warship and present a radar cross section

a fraction of Spruuance-class ships.

DD(X) will be able to employ the

latest version of the Block IV

Toirraliawk missile to provide a

long-range precision strike capability. Often referred to as Tactical

Tortiahawk, or TACTOM, this missile

will have up to a 1,000 mile range

and a loiter capability to allow it to

strike targets designated while the

missile is airborne over the target

area . Tomahawk flies at low altitudes at high subsonic speeds

along terrain-hugging evasive

routes using several mission

tailored guidance systems .

With AGS and its 100-mile reach,

however, DD(X) will be able to husband. Block IV Tomahawk strike

assets while supporting a landing

force with volume and precision

naval fires .

DD(X) will feature an advanced

radar suite that includes a multifunction radar (MFR) and volume search

radar (VSR) providing state-of-the-art

cruise missile detection and selfdefense capabilities . The integrated

power / electric drive system will

reduce operating costs and improve

warfighting capabilities . Optimal

manning will result in smaller crews,

reduced life cycle costs, dramatic

improvements in habitability, and

improved performance through

Human Systems Integration (HSI) .

One way to reduce manpower

requirements is to simplify replenishment. For example, "gun clips" for

the AGS each will hold eight projectiles and eight cartridges, which will

come pre-packaged to the ship in a

single 6,000-pound unit . A mechanized system will handle the units

horizontally until the final strike

down into the DD(X) magazine,

where the package will be upended

and stowed vertically. Food and

other stores will also be packaged in

similar boxes, and stowed below

using the same handling system . This

speeds up underway replenishment,

and reduces the amount of crew

intervention . This replaces the mano er-intensive "human chain"

involving all hands to carry and stow

individual shells, cartridges, or cases

of food .

The preliminary design contract

for DD(X) was awarded in April

2002. Detailed design and construction contract is expected to be

awarded in FY05 for delivery of the

first DD(X) in FY11 .

TRACK

"Our most transformational effort

and number one budget priority, the

Littoral Combat Ship will counter

anti-access threats, namely small, fast

surface craft carrying anti-ship missiles, torpedo-armed ultra-quiet

diesel submarines, and large numbers of inexpensive mines," says

AIM Clark. "It will be the first Navy

ship to separate capability from hull

form and will provide a robust,

affordable, focused-mission ship to

enhance our ability to establish sea

superiority not just for our Carrier

Strike Groups and Expeditionary Strike

Groups, but for all the joint logistics,

command and control and pre-positioned ships that must transit the critical littoral threat area to move and

support forces ashore . They will be

dispersed and netted, both leveraging and enhancing the knowledge

superiority and defense of the theater

joint force . They will be the backbone

of our organic battle group mine

warfare capability."

This high-speed ship will be

designed for operating in littoral or

coastal areas at speeds of up to 40 to

50 knots, and will have an advanced

hull form and shallow draft .

Operating close to land, LCS will

enhance the capabilities of the Navy

larger multimission surface ships

such as the planned next-generation

destroyer and cruiser and today's

fleet of Aegis warships.

Speed, maneuverability, and shallow draft are key LCS attributes,

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
A The Navy's newest Arleigh Burke-doss destroyer, USS Pinckney (DDG 91), sails post downtown Son Diego, on the way to its new homeport, Naval Station

San Diego . The Navy plans to build 62 Arleigh Burke-class destroyers, with the last planned for commissioning in 2011 . (PHI Daniel Woods/USN)

which, when coupled with specialized mission-packages, will provide the capability of countering

enemy littoral threats such as

mines, small fast surface craft, and

diesel submarines . LCS will employ

modular mission payloads with

open systems architecture incorporating advanced unmanned air,

surface, and underwater vehicles to

assure access into contested littoral

regions and safe passage though

vital chokepoints .

LCS will provide a modular

approach to warship design and use

of technology by employing reconfigurable "mission packages" and distributed unmanned systems that will

extend the reach and increase the

synergy of "netted" naval forces, systems, and sensors in the littorals . LCS

is the first combatant designed to

deploy and distribute a network of

unmanned systems.

Summer 2004

LCS will be critical to defeating anti

access threats most commonly found

in the littorals and to realizing Navy

core concepts and capabilities (Sea

Strike, Sea Shield, Sea Basing,

FORCEnet, Expeditionary Maneuver

Warfare, Ship-To-Objective-Maneuver) .

LCS will provide a flexible response

that will meet the requirements of the

combatant commanders by providing

them with an adaptable design that

can provide Special Operations Forces

(SOF) support, high-speed transport,

Maritime Interdiction Operations

(MIO), Intelligence, Surveillance and

Reconnaissance (ISR), and AntiTerrorism/Force Protection

(AT/FP) capabilities .

The Navy's LCS program and the

Coast Guard's Integrated Deepwater

System (IDS) project offer excellent

potential opportunities for collaboration and innovation between the

sea services .

LCS and Deepwater assets will be

part of a force that is netted together .

The LCS and Deepwater sharing of

technologies and. systems may even

someday result in a common

"seaframe" design (although the

result may not be a common ship) .

The sea services can leverage

resources to synchronize research

and development, planning, budgeting, procurement, development of

doctrine and operational procedures,

training, and execution of operations .

This cooperative effort can reduce

development costs, while also

increasing the attractiveness of these

ships and systems to potential international buyers.

"With significant international

interest in what we're doing, the LCS

could become something of a 'world

ship' that navies and coast guards

worldwide might acquire to help

guarantee their maritime homeland

11

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
security," says VADM Phillip Balisle,

commander of the Naval Sea

Systems Command.

The LCS acquisition team is

focused on quickly bringing capability to the warfighter. The program

officially began in FY03 when

Congress granted new start approval .

Delivery of the first ship is planned

for FY07 . This accelerated acquisition

schedule will bring increased responsiveness to the warfighter.

Through spiral development and

open architecture, LCS will continue

to meet the needs of the warfighter

throughout its service life . New technologies will be incorporated as they

mature, and the ship's open architecture will support rapid, responsive

and cost-effective reconfiguration .

The Navy has adapted a rapid

acquisition strategy to achieve an initial operational capability within five,

years. This compares with the more

traditional and lengthy acquisition

path to the Aegis cruiser (14 years

from conceptual design to IOC) or

Aegis destroyer (11 years) .

In 2003, the Navy asked industry

for a fast, agile, focused-mission ship,

and awarded six contracts for LCS

concept studies, three of which garnered preliminary design contracts,

with two (Lockheed Martin and

General Dynamics) selected this May

to complete the first ships, to be

called Flight 0 . l lull construction wil

begin in January 2005 for delivery to

the Navy in January 2007. The Navy

is developing the seaframe separately

from the mission. modules .

NEXT G EN ERAT ONE

CRUISER: CWX) MEN

DD(X) will be followed on the

construction ways by the CG(X)

cruiser, which may be built on a common or scalable hull. Larger, faster,

andd longer-range missiles will allow

CG(X) to counter state-of-the-art air

threats hundreds of miles inland and

to perform other missions in the littoral . A generation of air defense

radars is currently under development to counter low-radar cross section (RCS) threats at extended

r anges. C G(X) will not only provide

sustained air superiority, but will

also detect, track, and engage

ballistic missiles .

DERNIZATION

HARTS COURSE

0 THE FUTURE

Many off the new technologies

being designed and developed for

our future fleet will also find their

way into our present fleet . In the next

few years, the Ticonderoga-class

cruisers and Arleigh Burke-class

guided-missile destroyers will be

receiving modernization upgrades

that will ensure these ships remain

formidable Navy platforms well into

the 21st century and provide the

V ikanderoga-class cruiser USS Vincennes ((G 49) comes alongside USS Kitty Hawk (CV 63) for an underway replenishment . Vincennes, along with

other baseline 1 cruisers, are not scheduled for modernization . (PHAN Bo Flannigan/USN)
A Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS Milius (DDG 69) while

underway returning from a deployment in the Arabian Gulf . Milius and other

Flight 1 DDGs begin modernization in 2010 . (PH2 Daniel McIain/USN)

capability bridge to our future family

of surface combatants .

Since the Aegis guided-missile

cruiser USS Ticonderoga (CG 47) was

commissioned in 1983, the Aegis

Combat System has been second to

none. The Navy plans to build 62

Arleigh Burke-class Aegis guidedmissile destroyers, with the last

planned for commissioning in 2011 .

Presuming a 35-year service life for

the 201.1 ship, Aegis ships will ultimately serve. for a period of 63 years .

CC modernization begins in FY

2006. The first ship scheduled to

undergo modernization is USS Cape

St. George (CG 71).

The remaining 21 baseline 2, 3

and 4 cruisers have varying capabilities . The cruiser conversion program will result in all 22 ships

having a common warfighting baseline . Improvements include quality

Summer 2004

of life initiatives, better weapon systems, Smart Ship upgrades, remote

monitoring capabilities, force protection upgrades, optimal

manning, open architecture, and

many other improvements .

A key component in the modernization effort will be the adoption of

"commercial-off-the-shelf" (COTS)

computer systems on the CGs . The

introduction of a COTS-based computing environment, moving away

from baseline legacy systems, is the

first step towards open architecture

computing that will be realized as

part of DDG modernization . A few

other major improvements include

new Q-70 consoles with enhanced

radar and computer displays, Vertical

Launch System (VLS) upgrades,

Close-in Weapons System (ClWS) 113,

SPQ-9B anti-ship missile defense

rad,ir. installation of the SQQ-89A(V)

A USS Cape St. George ((G 71) awaits its turn to conduct an underway

replenishment with USNS Kanawha (TAO 196) . Cape St. George will be the

first guided-missile cruiser in the Ticonderoga-class to undergo the cruiser

modernization process . (JOC(SW) Alan Baribeau/USN)

15 sonar system and the Evolved Sea

Sparrow Missile (ESSM).

In addition, many hull, mechanical, and electrical (IdM&E) improvements will be completed such as the

SmartShip system, all-electric auxiliary systems, as well as habitability

upgrades that will reduce Sailor

workload and improve quality of life .

The cruiser modernization program will precede the destroyer

upgrades . Both are investments in

the Navy's fighting force and will

ensure they remain formidable

throughout their extended

service life.

DDG modernization will begin in

FY 2010. This effort will bring the

Aegis destroyers up to a common

baseline, including common I`IM&E,

combat systems suite, and LAN

backbone, Modernizing the DDGs

will provide more combat capability

13

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
f

t

for the existing ships at a cost far less

than new construction.

Open architecture (OA) is the key

to enhancing operational capabilities

throughout a ship's service life while

keeping modernization costs down .

OA-based data management systems will be the backbone of how the

Navy fights and operates in the 21st

century. Combining a functionally

oriented set of applications using

industry standards with a technical

design decouples hardware and software. This allows a more flexible and

robust computing 'hotel' infrastructure to be introduced . Eventually the

open architecture 'hotel' seeks to

14

provide the standardized computing

equivalent of electricity - where

you plug in a lamp, TV, stereo or PC

"appitcation" to provide the

needed "capability."

The Navy's Aegis surface combatants will be kept current with the

latest systems upgrades, modernizations and enhancements, providing

an opportunity to standardize with

open and non-proprietary systems .

"Seeking the right combat capability today doesn't mean we were

wrong in the past," says RADM

Mark Edwards, director for Surface

Warfare. "But now we need the

appropriate capability for the

i

A The 37th Arleigh Burke-class guided-missile destroyer USS Mason (DOG 87) sits moored to the pier in her homeport of Naval Station Norfolk, Va ., Aug.

1, 2004 . Mason and other flight II DDGs will be modernized to ensure they remain combat relevant throughout their service lives . (PH2 Daniel McIain/USN)

changed environment . Part of that is

getting LCS and DD(X) ; part of that

is increasing the use of simulation,

and part of that is introducing open

architecture on our combatants."

-(Retired U.S . Navy CAPT) Edward

Lundquist, is Director, Corporate

Communications with the Center for

Security Strategies and Operations,

Anteon Corporation, Washington, D.C .)

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3

c
By RADM Kathleen K . Paige

Program Director, Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense

j8LLhzt!C

6 E

MIEEILE

A

t the initial briefing of Sea

Power 21 at the Naval War

College in June 2002, Chief

of Naval Operations ADM Vern Clark

spoke often of the "Joint Team ."

All of the operational constructs of

Sea Power 21 (Sea Strike, Sea Shield,

Sea Basing and FORCEnet) contain

the objective of full integration into

the Joint Team . Through enhanced

network technology, integration of all

battlespaces (sea, land, air, and space)

provides a new, unified battlespace -

the entire globe . The vast maneuver

area of this total battlespace is the

sea. To realize the opportunities and

navigate the challenges ahead, Sea

Power 21 advances a strategy in

which naval forces fully integrate

into worldwide, joint operations

across a unified battlespace, against

both regional and transnational

aggressors . The Navy's future is Sea

Power 21. However, in the area of

Homeland Defense, the future is now.

Within months, the Navy assumes a

strategic role in Homeland Defense

against ballistic missiles that lays the

foundation of fully integrated naval

forces as part of the Joint Team across

the global battlefield .

On Dec. 17, 2002, President George

Bush announced he had directed the

Department of Defense to begin fielding initial missile defense capabilities

in 2004-2005 to meet the near-term

ballistic missile threat to our homeland, deployed forces, friends, and

allies . As a result, the Missile Defense

Agency (MDA) is developing an inteSummer 2004

1

*4 mow am"

LAUNCH

Midcourse

I

Boost

Phase I

I

I

I

I

Ascent Phase

Ascent Phase

I

Engagement

Descent Phase

Descent Phase

I

011

Phase

I Terminal

1 I

Engagement

I

I

I I

1

I

Terminal Phase

I

Engagement I

I

i

r

A (File/Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Library)

grated Ballistic Missile Defense

System (BMDS), to provide a "layered defense" against ballistic missiles of all ranges, in all regions, and

in all phases of flight .

The BMDS contains three defensive layers corresponding to the

boost, midcourse, and terminal

phases of a ballistic missile's flight

trajectory. Various components,

including sensors and interceptors,

will operate within each defense layer .

A Command and Control, Battle

Management and Communications

(C2BMC) network integrates these

components . C2BMC shares targettracking data from any BMDS sensor

with other BMDS components,

regardless of that component's

defense layer. The BMDS philosophy

is to force the hostile missile to run a

gauntlet of integrated, joint, missile

15

Apogee

I

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
k

ra1,i7e77

:)rj_)1o t,)pn .1

,7 ,0 7k rr197-? ) 13 0 11I'3

j?r~tl ~i7)) ~)! t) ~iin)

ai0l 1r , 9' = T 3)rr,!)

r ). V

,7 ~ ) ;i

o. '

11

t

A4a

Launch of a Taepo pang-1

Missile, August 31, 1998

Ill

defense systems through each phase

of the threat's flight path . Having

interceptors in each phase provides a

layered defense, enabling multiple

engagement opportunities throughout the threat's trajectory.

To develop, field, and update the

BMDS, MDA instituted a capabilitybased requirements approach, implemented through an evolutionary

acquisition approach and the use of

spiral development . To accomplish

this acquisition approach, BMDS

fielding opportunities are structured

in incremental two-year "blocks ."

The first block, BMDS Block 2004,

includes Ground-based Midcourse

Defense (GMD), Aegis Ballistic

Missile Defense (BMD), Patriot, and

C2BMC. With each subsequent block

upgrade, the BMDS will become

more capable and robust . Over time,

16

this spiral development approach

will integrate additional elements

into a layered missile defense system, which will make the BMDS

capable of countering a hostile ballistic missile during any phase of its

flight, and without regard to its

range -,short, medium, intermediate, or long . The dire consequences

of ballistic missiles, tipped with

nuclear, chemical, or biological warheads reaching our shores, forward

deployed forces, allies, or friends,

demand that we have multiple intercept opportunities against each

incoming ballistic missile .

The missile defense capabilities

fielded in 2004 lay the foundation for

the BMDS. This initial capability

enables midcourse phase engagements

of Long Range Ballistic Missiles

(LRBMs), which include

Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles

(ICBMs), and Intermediate Range

Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs), using

Ground-Based Interceptors (GBIs) from

the Army's Ground-based Midcourse

Defense (GMD) system . Forwarddeployed Aegis destroyers will provide

early warning and tracking data of

LRBMs and ICBMs to the BMDS.

To fulfill the sea-based portion of

initial missile defense capabilities, the

MDA is developing Aegis BMD in

close coordination with Naval Sea

Systems Command and other Navy

stakeholders. Aegis BMD Block 2004

provides two major capabilities to

BMDS. The first capability will be

provided by Aegis DDG 51-class

destroyers equipped for Long Range

Surveillance and Tracking (LRS&T),

which provides the capability to

detect and track LRBMs and to report

Surface Warfare

~n 7~rrlla ; '?urn

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
the track data to the BMDS . This

capability assists in the sharing of

tracking data to cue other BMDS sensors and provides fire control data to

engagement elements . LRS&T is the

first Aegis BMD delivery and is part

of Initial Defensive Operations (IDO),

which will go on alert later this year .

The second capability will be resident

in Aegis CG 47-class cruisers

equipped with the LRS&T capability,

but also armed with the new Standard

Missile 3 (SM-3), capable of intercepting short- and medium-range ballistic missile threats in midcourse phase

of flight . By 2006, full Aegis BMD

Block 2004 functionality will be

implemented in Aegis cruisers . In the

future, Aegis BMD capability will

evolve to defeat longer range

ballistic missiles .

W

LONG RANGE

SURVEILLANCE

AND TRACKING

The LRS&T mission is twofold .

First, Aegis LRS&T destroyers must

detect and track LRBMs. Next, the

Aegis tracking data must be transmitted to BMDS to cue other BMDS sensors, as well as assist in GMD's fire

control solution . A major challenge

was the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM)

Treaty. This treaty allowed the Soviet

Union and U .S . to each have one

anti-LRBM site; however, that site

and its components could only be

land-based. Development of sea, air

and space ABM defenses were

banned. On June 13, 2002, the U .S.

withdrew from the ABM Treaty,

allowing unrestricted research and

development of sea, air and space

systems to provide detection, tracking and engagement of LRBMs .

After this landmark event, one of

the first MDA critical experiments

was the benchmarking of the performance of existing sensors against

LRBM target . The Aegis AN/SPY 1

radar was developed under the

Simmer 2004

restrictions of the ABM Treaty and

therefore was never designed to track

LRBMs. The first Aegis Weapon

System (AWS) was developed to

destroy Anti-Air Warfare (AAW )

threats in an open ocean, mass raid

environment . To pace the threat, the

AWS has evolved through Aegis baseline upgrades . However, the ABM

Treaty restriction has always been

enforced. On Sept . 19, 2002, MDA

exploited the launch of a Minuteman

Ill missile from Vandenberg Air Force

Base to conduct a boost phase tracking demonstration, designated

"Glory Boost." USS Lake Erie (CG

70), the Aegis BMD test ship, was stationed approximately 100 miles off

the coast . Lake Erie's SPY-1 Radar,

operating in BMD mode, detected

and tracked the LRBM in its boost

phase of flight - a first! This tracking

event is most significant, demonstrating an Aegis capability against

strategic missiles .

Other Aegis LRBM tracking events

include GMD's Integrated Flight

Tests (IFT) . IFT are large-scale events

of Homeland Defense importance in

which the GMD system engages

LRBM and IRBM targets with GBIs .

Aegis BMD detected and. tracked the

LRBM targets in both IFT 9 and 10,

A (File/Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Library)

transmitting track data to BMDS

assets . In each IFT, the SPY-1 Radar

tracking data was recorded for further analysis, but not used in the firing of a GBl . For future integration,

SPY-1 Radar data will be processed

by the Aegis combat system, transmitted via Satellite Tactical Digital

Information Link (S-TADIL) J, more

commonly called "Link 16," to GMD

and converted into appropriate message format for use by the GMD fire

control processor. A series of at-sea

critical experiments, known as Pacific

Explorer, tested the transmission, conversion, and integration of Aegis

BMD data into the BMDS in advance

of those tests . This is consistent with

the traditional Aegis approach of

"Build a little, test a little, learn a lot ."

PACIFIC

EXPLORER I

The objective of Pacific Explorer I,

conducted July 16 - Aug. 6, 2003, was

to demonstrate the ability to transmit

Aegis BMD track data via Link 16

from an Aegis BMD ship to a continental U .S . GMD test site . Lake Erie

supported this test by deploying to

the western Pacific . When on station,

Lake Erie, operating an engineering

development Aegis Weapon System

Transmission of

Simulated Ballistic

Missile Tracks to GMD

17

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Defense

Support Program

Nf

SATCOM LONG RANGE

SURVEILLANCE & TRACK

Fort Greely

a

(AWS) computer program, modified

for transmission of I3MD Link 16

messages, transmitted simulated . ballistic missile tracks . The C213MC node

received the tracks, converted the

information to GMD protocol, and

transmitted the data to the G MD test

site . With more than 180 hours of

testing, simultaneous Theater and

Homeland Defense Link 16 networks

were successfully established and

maintained, demonstrating the transmission, receipt, and display of near

real-time BMD data via Link 16 .

II

With the evolutionary approach of

putting missile defense capabilities

"into play" as soon as technically feasible, the objectives of Pacific Explorer

11 included verification of the transmission, conversion, and integration

of Aegis tracking data into the BMDS,

18

(File/Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense library)

along with the training and participation of the ship's crews scheduled to

receive the initial LRS&T upgrades .

To provide realistic training, prototype LRS&T installations were performed aboard USS Russell (DDG 59)

and USS John S . McCain (DUG 56) .

An engineering development AWS

computer program, designed for

long-range detection and tracking of

LRBMs, was an essential part of

this installation . John S. McCain participated by

con ducting a fast cruise with continuous watch rotations from 2-5 March

in port Yokosuka, Japan . Russell participated while in port Pearl Harbor,

111 . Once again, high fidelity LRBM

simulated space tracks were used . John S. McCain established full satellite Link 16 connectivity with the

C2BMC network from across the

Pacific Ocean . Russell did the same

from Hawaii. Many tests executed

successfully ; daily link system operability tests, numerous dynamic test

target runs and a Link 16 stress test .

With the assistance of John S .

McCain and Russell, Aegis BMD has

successfully demonstrated the connectivity and reliability of long-haul

transmission of track data necessary

to support BMDS situational awareness, target cueing, and engagements .

Two other Pacific Explorer events

are scheduled . The scenario for Pacific

Explorer Ill contains the tracking of a

surrogate multi-stage LRI3M assessment vehicle . In Pacific Explorer IV,

the tactical LRS&T AWS computer

program will be utilized .

Early Aegis BMD ship operations

in 7th Fleet and Middle Pacific AORs

have provided the crews of Russell

and John S. McCain with invaluable

BMDS operational experience .

Participation in these and future

demonstrations prepare crews for

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
operational LRS&T execution of

BMDS IDC) surveillance and tracking

operations when directed to be "on

alert ." Russell, John S . McCain and

Lake Erie warriors are leading the

Navy's entrance in to the new, joint

mission of ballistic missile defense.

FC3 Ryan Hendrickson, a Radar

System Controller on Russell, said,

"After having seen the might of the

military on a global scale, I am awed

by the fact that we are capable of

such greatness. Some time in the

future when this technology is an

active part of our defenses, I will be

Summer 2004

able to look back and know that I

was there in the beginning."

OS2(SW) Raymond Fields, a

Tactical Data Coordinator, added,

"What really made me feel like I had

made a difference was the fact that I

was part of history, part of a huge

accomplishment for the Navy, our

Commander-in-Chief and the United

States of America ."

DEPLOYMENT

As part of the initial deployment

of the BMDS, five Pacific Fleet Aegis

destroyers, USS Curtis Wilbur (DDG

Y Standard Missile 3 (SM-3) launched from the Aegis cruiser USS Lake Erie ((G 70) . (USN)

54), John S . McCain, USS Fit zgerald

(DDG 62), USS Stethein (DDG 63),

and USS Paul Hamilton (DDG 60),

will have operational LRS&T

upgrades installed by year's end .

When asked about the LRS&T

Mission, ADM Walter Doran,

Commander, Pacific Fleet stated ., "we

will be ready."

Forecasts call for a total of 15

LRS&T Aegis destroyers and three

Aegis BMD engagement cruisers by

the end of CY 06 . In addition, in

2006, five LRS&T destroyers will be

upgraded to include the Block 2004

engagement capability.

ACHIEVING

THE VISION

Aegis BMD LRS&T capability is

just one of many Sea Shield elements

in the foundation of Sea Power 2 -1 . Aegis BMD and the Navy are BMDS

plankowners. And this is just the

beginning. After fulfilling the

Presidential Directive to field a missile defense capability in 2004, the

Navy will continue to contribute to

joint missile defense.

In the near .future, Lake Erie and

other Aegis BMD cruisers will be

armed with SM-3s and able to

counter short and medium range ballistic missiles from regional aggressors in defense of forward-deployed

forces and allies . BMDS integration

efforts will include Aegis BMD and .

the Army's terminal missile defense

systems, such as Patriot . Remote engagements from the sea,

such as the ability to launch an SM-3

based on Link 16 data and, in the

future, to engage on remote data,

increase the level of "fully integrated

naval forces into the Joint Team ."

Aegis BMD is on course to fulfill the

vision of a data and mission netted,

globally dispersed, jointly integrated,

warfighting system .

19

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
any a surface Sailor has

heard the infamous words

. through their headphones

while conducting Anti-Submarine

Warfare exercises, "hydrophone

effects bearing 090 degrees," a torpedo attack scenario . The crew

immediately performs the necessary

actions to maximize the ship's chance

of survival, sometimes performing

maneuvers that take the ship out of

station or otherwise significantly

degrades the primary mission it was

performing . As this happened many

times before, I always wondered is

there a better way to "fight back" at

an incoming torpedo? Is there a way

to shoot the arrow, to maximize our

chance of survival, and to continue

our primary mission?

As it turns out, there is . The Naval

Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA)

Undersea Defensive Warfare

Program Office, PMS-415, in close

collaboration with the Office of

Naval Research, Naval Laboratory

Facilities and Industry, is developing

a surface ship torpedo defense system. The surface ship Torpedo

Defense System (AN/WSQ-11 TICS)

currently in development will

include towed active and passive

sensors, a torpedo detection, classifc

cation, and localization (DCL)

processor, along with a hard kill antitorpedo torpedo countermeasure .

The AN/WSQ-11 TDS is designed as

a countermeasure against a wide

variety of anti-surface ship torpedoes

throughout the world's navies and

capable of installation on any major

U .S . surface ship class .

The anti-torpedo torpedo (ATT) is a

6.75-inch diameter torpedo, which will

come in its own "All Up Round" canister for shipboard installation . The ATT

operates at high speeds and has the

necessary endurance to track down

incoming torpedoes at a sufficiently

safe distance from the ship. To operate

at these high speeds in the complicated

environment of a ship's wake, the ATT

will employ retractable steering fins

and an advanced propulsor design, The

ATT has active and passive acoustic

sonar for targeting threat torpedoes and

multiple ATT's will have the capability

to communicate among themselves for

the purposes of conducting salvo

engagements of multiple incoming

Y Technicians and engineers inspect an Anti-Torpedo Torpedo, part of the surface ship Torpedo Defense System (AN/WSQ-11 TDS), prior to in-water testing .

The AN/WSQ-11 TDS is designed as a countermeasure against a wide variety of anti-surface ship torpedoes . (USN)

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
A

fi

threat torpedoes . The design agent for

the ATT is the Applied Research

Laboratory at Penn State University .

The Torpedo DCL sub-system, or

"Tripwire," is comprised of active

and passive sensors that will be

towed behind the ship in a manner

similar to the existing AN /SLQ-25A

NIXIE soft kill torpedo countermeasure. The intention is for Tripwire to

take up the same deck space footprint as the existing NIXIE system,

with shipboard electronics installed

in the existing NIXIE cabinet,

Tripwire will likely consist of a passive receiver array subsystem that

will rapidly determine the threat torpedo bearing, and provide an initial

classification of the threat, and an

active flexible high power source .

Flexibility of the active sonar is necessary to permit winding on a winch .

The high-power source will transmit

acoustic energy into the water for

both active search and to provide targeting information for an ATT

launch. The system will be designed

with an automatic, semiautomatic,

and manual mode of operation, and

will incorporate features for high reliability and a low false alarm rate . A

display will be provided in the ship's

combat information center and

bridge to permit tactical decision

makers to override the automatic

engagement function. The technical

design agent for the WSQ-11 program resides at the Naval Undersea

Warfare Center Division

Newport, R.I .

The specific design of the DCL

sub-system is facilitated by having

two industry contractors design and

build separate Tripwire subsystems

to be evaluated during a planned late

Summer 2004

By Michael Grant

Warfare Systems Branch, OPNAV N764

FY06 in-water DCL demonstration .

Multiple test weapons simulating

known threat torpedoes will be fired

against each of the two DCL devices .

The results of the DCL demonstration

will provide the requisite knowledge

to move forward for further engineering development and eventually

full-scale production.

The Office of Naval Research is a

key player in the development of the

AN/WSQ-11 system and will coordinate inserting numerous enabling

technologies into the final design .

Two of the key technologies are a

salvo engagement capability, which

will permit the engagement of multiple inbound torpedoes, and an inwake engagement capability. These

key technology insertions from

"Future Naval Capabilities" studies

will help ensure the AN /WSQ-11

system is at the leading edge of

advanced engineering design and

A A test torpedo simulating a wake-homing torpedo tracks USS Duluth (LPG 6) during anti-torpedo

torpedo tests at the Nanoose Testing Range off the coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia . (USN)

incorporates the latest technologies .

The NAVSEA Program Office is

using a spiral development acquisition strategy with increasing system

capabilities fielded beginning in 20-11 .

The development of the

AN/WSQ-11 Surface Ship Torpedo

Defense System is a major cooperative effort between Navy and industry teams that will greatly improve

ship survivability following a torpedo attack. Improved surface ship

torpedo defense is a key part of the

Sea Power 21 - Sea Shield vision for

the future of our Navy. This will

enable our aircraft carriers, amphibious ships, supply ships, and surface

ships to continue to operate in any

part of the world's oceans .

21

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
A

nuong the most precarious

operating areas surface

naval forces transit are the

littoral regions, where close-range

weapons and small craft present very

substantial threats. Red lights were

used during World War I on German

U-boats to recover the crew's night

vision after coming from illuminated

interior spaces . This practice continties today with red lens overhead and

flashlights at darkens ship, and well

deck amber lights during nighttime

amphibious operations. However,

there is a problem . Amber lighting

schemes arc not conducive to operating with night vision devices (NVD) .

Using fleet-originated feedback,

and capitalizing on a self-initiated

shipboard experiment, Naval Sea

Systems Command (NAVSFA) and

Naval Air Systems Command

(NAVAIR) have collaborated to come

up with a relatively inexpensive way

of reducing an adversary's ability to

detect a 40,000-ton warship on the

horizon . The project originated in a

roundtable discussion of USS

Bonhonune Richard's (LHD 6)

Blue/Green 'loam Sailors and

Marines ranging in paygrade from E1 to 0-6 . During Operation Ezzduriag

Freedom, the team modified their well

deck lighting, in incremental steps, to

conduct concurrent NVD well deck

and flight operations . Soon thereafter,

the ship's initiative for change springboarded the development, testing,

22

and installation of special filters on

amphibious ships, rendering them

nearly invisible to common NVDs

used by potential adversaries .

Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG)

1 became the first group of ships to

prove the superiority of blue/green

NVD lighting. Marine Lt . Col . Craig

Clement, Force Aviation Officer on

the staff of Commander, Naval

Surface Force, U .S . Pacific Fleet

states, "The capability this new filtered lighting provides are profound,

and have applications across the fleet

from carriers to RHll3s ."

Installed Phoenix NVD-compatible flood lamp lens . (Scott Borden/USN)

By LT Duane Neal

Military Editor

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3

A "Proof of Concept" evaluation

was completed in April 2004 when a

Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Md .,

rotary wing flight test crew made

NVD aided and unaided observations

of USS Bonizomrne Richard (LHD 6)

and FS(,- 1 at varying distances, altitudes, and bearings . While wearing

NVDs, the. pilots repeatedly asked the

ship to switch from completely darkened to the NVD-compatible configuration . The ship's response was that

"The lights were on!" A large amphibious ship was made nearly undetectable while conducting amphibious

Slli'facc Warfare

1
and special operations just by changing a lighl bulb mid lens . With the

original amber or red well deck lighting, the ship's light signature could be

detected well over the horizon,

dependent on atmospheric conditions .

Says [.lenient, "The more red /amber

light you put out, the larger the ships

NVD signature becomes, especially it

you find yourself under a cloud deck .

It the clouds are 1,000 feet lip, so is

your ship ; especially on or over a

vacant dark horizon ."

NAVSEA has funded the installation of NVD filler technology on all

deploying ESC; and Forward

(Left to right) Debark Control on USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6) with white, red, and NVD green lighting . (S(ott Borden/USN)

Deployed Naval Forces (FDNF)

amphibious ships, and have been

drafting Military Specifications

(MII,SI'ECs) with Naval Air Systems

Command (NAVAIR) so all new construction ships may include this technolo ;y. An "NVD-capable" ship will

soon require NVD lighting from stem

to stern ; including navigational t

lights, instead of just NVD flood and

"dust pan" flight deck lighting .

Operationally, "SEAOI'S" manuals

dictating Landing Craft, Air

Cushioned (LCAC) well deck operations require few changes for NVD

lighting . USS Peleliaa (I ,i- IA 5) conducted NVD I Iarrier and LCAC

recoveries during pre-deployment

work-ups and was able to maintain

continual readiness for NVD helicopter and LCAC operations providing a

dramatically enhanced buildup of

forces ashore.

During a six-month deployment

for Operation frnoli I'rcedorrr by

Portlwnr_me Richard, zero of 60

I'Irociiix lenses failed, compared to 30

of 120 standard clear lenses failing .

With the Blue/Green lighting, the

crew noticed reduced eyestrain, color

was More discern able, and night

adaptation began immediately .

USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6) well deck with NVD lighting (left) and its well deck viewed through ANVIS-6 NVD with NVD lighting (right) . It is already

difficult to distinguish details while viewing from within the well deck, visual quality drops even further moving away from the ship . (USN File end Scott

Borden/USN)

Sttrtttrtcr 2004 23

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Borthomme Richard's First

Lieutenant, I .CDR Robert Rieger,

added, "The LCUs (Landing Craft,

Utility) and LCACs no longer are a

surprise at the stern gate, we begin to

see them as far back as alpha station ." Debarking craft can now adjttst

their NVDs while inside the ship -

instead of spending as long as 15

minutes adjusting the NVDs once

clear of the regularly used red /amber

well deck lighting .

At press time, -10 amphibious

ships had some level of NVI .) compatible well deck lighting installed

with a 10 percent spare allotment .

Cost of development, manufacture,

and installation aboard Ponhoinnte

24

i

Richard totaled less than $100,000,

and the average cost per ship varies

somewhere in the same neighborhood, generally between $100-

$150,000. Replacing individual NVD

filters is more expensive ranging

from $200 to $1100 depending on the

fixture. The principal cost driver has

been the limited number of glass and

plastic manufacturers with expertise

in this area, but as this will eventually change, NVD lighting for ships

will become far more commonplace .

For more information and photos

of NVl7 lighting examples, go to our

website,

ww w.navsea,navynmll /swmagazlne!

USS Denver (LPD 9) with topside NO floodlights . Reflections from low cloud cover could reveal a ship's location from just over the horizon with Ms . (Scott

Borden/USN)

Ed's Note : The lesson learned from

this article cannot he turdcrstated . This

fleet-itritialed develohpnrerrt was jolly sr{pported ln/ Cornrrra ;uler Naval Surface

Force staff. This major accomplishment

cX/.urrrentiallh1 increases our exlredrhorra_y

warfare .slrnp-to-shore combat capalvlrtlt

at a relatively nriniscrrle cost to the Navy .

This in it loticre applies to Troth crurrcnt

shrlrs rn the fleet and future shrhrs a,s

depicted in the issuer, porticrllarly LCS . fl

special note ofthanks to PVlarirrc Lt . Col .

Crai,,,> Clement (formally of CNSF staff,),

znhose , L'rrerorrs coal ribuhoris made this

article possible .

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
CL

L

Ui

r0

C

E

E

N

f0

zr w •

O T

•

o

A E

•

rl-

. CU

I

m10 C

ro

m

tb .0 0

n ° =1 U

0

ro

m

Lfl

LL

lom~

U=

o

fum-^

ai LULU N~

•

F w d

G

M

cr cc:a:

M

_

•

roL o M

YLnZUI

.~- Ln Ln Ln Ln

Ui Z Z Z Z

UllnLnLn

U 7 = Z3 :0

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
TI

LO

ro

In

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
LO

aj

a

K

ro

F-1

0

ro

EY

', C

M

inswo, Mor, Ln

M

3

UJI

ro Ln

aj Ln

Ln

(U

ii

iiir-F

i

Ln

el .10900; 1 4

"pr

3

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .
U

°1s0

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .
A iMM WN A

A Damage Control team members from USS Yorktown (CG 48) use a portable pump and Aqueous FilmForming Foam to extinguish flames and cool hotspots throughout the hull of Merchant Vessel Everton, off

the coast of Oman . Everton caught fire after colliding with a fishing vessel . (USN)

U55 Yorktown aids in

tanker crew's rescue

From Commander,

Joint Forces Maritime Component

Commander/Commander,

U.S . Naval Forces Central

Command/Commander,

U.S . Sth Fleet public affairs

USS Yorktown (CG 48) assisted in

rescuing 24 mariners after their

tanker collided with a fishing vessel

and caught fire off the coast of Oman

March 22,

At approximately 7:30 a .m. local

time, motor vessel Everton made a

bridge-to-bridge distress call indicating

they had collided with fishing vessel

Chun Ying, resulting in a fire amidships

and possibly rupturing Everton's oil

tanks, fueling the fire . Several commercial vessels near Everton aided in the

initial recovery of 24 of 25 multinational crewmen, who abandoned the

567-foot Greek-flagged ship.

Yorktown, operating less than 80

nautical miles from Everton, proceeded at best speed and sent its

Summer 2004

rigid hull inflatable boat (RI-1113) to a

commercial vessel to bring seven of

Everton's crew, including its master,

back to the cruiser to assess the situation and coordinate a plan to help

fight the fire .

Yorktown also dispatched its SH60B Seahawk "Proud Warrior" from

Mayport, Fla .-based Helicopter Antisubmarine Squadron Light (HSL) 42,

to aid in the search and rescue effort .

The RHIB redeployed with several

Everton crewmen, a P-100 pump and

several five-gallon containers of

Aqueous Film-Forming Foam to help

smother the flames billowing from

the tanker.

Of 80,000 tons of crude oil on

board Everton, about 200 tons

emerged from a ruptured void, with

most of that consumed in the resulting fire following the collision . The

lone casualty from the multinational

crew was Everton's second officer,

who had. returned to the Maltaflagged tanker and is believed to

have perished in the fire while

aboard Everton .

Yorktown is homeported in

Pascagoula, Miss ., and is part of

Expeditionary Strike Group (ESG) 2,

currently deployed to the U.S . 5th

Fleet area of responsibility.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

U55 Chancellorsville

assists stranded

fishermen

From USS Chancellorsville

public affairs

USS Chancellorsville (CG 62) provided humanitarian assistance to an

Indonesian fishing vessel in the

Molucca Sea May 4.

After receiving a call over bridgeto-bridge radio from motor vessel

(MV) Stanley that the Indonesian

fishing vessel Adem Laut was in

need of assistance, Chancellorsville

quickly arrived on scene to provide

supplies and repair assistance .

Chancellorsville's Officer of the

Deck, LT Dave Grattan, dispatched

the ship's rigid hull inflatable boat

(RHIB) which circled Adem Laut and

investigated the situation . The vessel

had been adrift for a week, but still

had food and fresh water, and crew

members appeared to be in good

health. Chancellorsville provided ice,

A Crewmembers from USS Chancellorsville

((G 62) approach the stranded Indonesian fishing vessel Adem lout to provide humanitarian

assistance . (USN)

25

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
rice, and sugar to the crew, and then

sent over two engineers to repair the

engine on the fishing boat. MRC(SW)

Zoilo DeArce and EN1(SW) Arnold

Olea attempted to fix Adem Laut's

engine, but extensive damage

prevented repair at sea .

Clzancellorsville contacted the U.S .

Defense Attache Office in Jakarta,

Indonesia, to provide a situation

report and request Indonesian assistance. The Indonesian navy would

arrive the following day, but

Clzancellorsville would have to tow

the vessel until help arrived .

Boatswain's mates, under the

direction of ENS Shielito Riodique,

rigged a towing hawser on

Chancellorsville's fantail, while

BM2(SW) Ronnie McKennon secured

the other end to the fishing vessel's

bow. The next morning, Indonesian

naval patrol boat Kri Batola arrived

as promised . After the hand-off,

Chancellorsville returned to USS

Kitty Hawk (CV 63) Strike Group,

operating in the vicinity.

"This is an example of the goodwill and professionalism of the USS

Chancellorsville team," commented

ENS Shane Fox. "We did our part to

ensure the safety of these fishermen,

and we are proud of our crew for the

timely and highly professional manner in which they dealt with this call

for assistance ."

Chancellorsville is a Ticonderogaclass cruiser serving with Carrier

Group 5, the Kitty .Hawk Strike

Group, in the Forward Deployed

Naval Forces operating from

Yokosuka, Japan .

U55 Samuel B.

Roberts cOirnplete5

record-breaking

- r

26

By ENS Jamie Letho

Commander, U .S . Naval Forces

Southern Command public affairs

USS Samuel B . Roberts (FFG 58)

returned to Mayport, Fla ., March 19

after successfully completing a sixmonth counter-drug deployment to

U.S . Naval Forces Southern

Command Area of Responsibility .

Interdicting 10 .7 metric tons of

cocaine and detaining 29 suspected drug

traffickers, Samuel B . Roberts carried

out five seizures, the most by any Navy

ship during a single deployment : five.

Deploying Sept . 25, Samuel B.

Roberts set sail with . the

"Silverbacks" of Helicopter Anti-submarine Squadron Light (HSL) 44 Dint .

7 and U .S. Coast Guard (USCG) Law

Enforcement Detachment (LEDET)

401. The frigate immediately turned

south and transited the Panama

Canal, bound for a counter-drug

patrol in the Eastern Pacific .

On station less than two weeks,

Samuel B. Roberts executed their first

drug bust, seizing nearly three metric

tons of cocaine and detaining

eight men.

A week later, Samuel B. Roberts

found a vr-'ssel outside of designated

fishing grounds operating without

navigation lights. After requesting

and receiving permission to board

the vessel from joint Interagency

Task Force South (the agency responsible for counter-drug operations in

the Eastern Pacific and Caribbean

waters), LEDET 401 went aboard to

investigate . The fishing vessel had a

hidden compartment containing

more than 2,200 kilograms of cocaine .

Eight Colombian men were detained .

In the following weeks, Samuel B.

Roberts conducted two more interdictions, and at the halfway mark of

their engagement in the Pacific, it

seemed they would set a new record

for most interdictions in one deployment. The record, held by USS

McInerney (FFG 8), also homeported

in Mayport, was four . The wardroom

and crew set a goal - they would get

five busts and claim the title .

Two weeks into the New Year,

Samuel B. Roberts intercepted. a

speedboat laden with cocaine bound

for North America . The vessel was

set ablaze by its crew after being

A large plume of black smoke appeared on the horizon just as USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG 58)

approached a 50-foot boat. The crew started the fire to destroy an estimated 1 .5 tons of contraband

thought to be on board, but Samuel B. Roberts' crew fought the fire with Aqueous Film Forming Foam

(AFFF) and recovered one-half metric ton, which was seized into evidence along with the crew, (USN)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
spotted by Samuel B. Roberts' SH-6i0B

Sea hawk helicopter, "Magnum 450" of

HSL-44 Det . 7 . Samuel B. Roberts

crew members fought the fire and

supported another successful boarding resulting in five suspects detained .

Approximately one-half metric ton of

an estimated 1 .5 tons aboard was

recovered and seized into evidence .

Samuel B. Roberts' opportunity to

enter the record books came a few

weeks later when her embarked helicopter sighted an unnamed go-fast on a

westerly course. The frigate set best

speed while Combat Information

Center watchstanders, receiving reports

from the helicopter, determined an

intercept course. The vessel jettisoned

her illicit cargo and beached itself . Five

men were captured in Costa Rica, and

Samuel B. Roberts crew members, who

had marked the position of the debris

field, recovered 700 pounds of cocaine

from the Pacific waters .

"It was the most satisfaction I've

had serving the U .S . Navy, because I

felt as though my efforts had really

made a difference in both the war on

drugs and the war on terrorism, "

said FC2(SW) Aaron Nunn.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

USS Thomas S. Gates

assists in high seas

capture Of rrir w btms

From U .S . Naval Forces Southern

Command public affairs

The guided-missile cruiser USS

Thomas S . Gates (CG 51) assisted its

embarked Coast Guard Law

Enforcement Detachment (LEDET)

101 March 21 in the capture of Jose

Miguel Battle, the suspected leader of

an organized crime outfit, while he

was aboard a cruise ship in the

central Caribbean .

The U.S . Department of Justice

requested assistance in capturing

Battle after 21 . members of the violent

crime family, including his father,

Summer 2004

Guided-missile cruiser US5 Thomas S. Gates ((G 51) gets underway from its homeport at Naval

Station Pascagoula . While deployed, Thomas S. Gates conducted counter-drug operations and international exercises with South American navies . (Slacey Byington/USN)

were rounded up March 18 by federal and local agencies in an operation coordinated by the Miami-Dade

Police Department and the U .S.

Attorney's Office for the Southern

District of Florida after federal indictments were issued . Four of those

indicted remained at large, including

Battle . Authorities feared he would

flee and avoid prosecution if not

taken into custody before the ship's

next port call in Costa Rica .

With the close cooperation of

Celebrity Summit's captain, Royal

Caribbean International Cruise Lines,

and the Bahamas (the ship's state of

registry), an operation was coordinated to allow for the safe detention

and, removal of Battle .

Shortly after midnight, Thomas

S. Gates rendezvoused with

Celebrity Summit to serve the

arrest warrant after coordinating

LEDET embarkation .

At approximately 3 :30 a .m., the

LEDET team went aboard

Celebrity Summit and briefly met

with the ship's captain and security force . After confirming the

suspect's location, the boarding

team was able to safely and

silently secure Battle and transport

him by small boat back to

Thomas S. Gates. "We are extremely proud to come

to the assistance of our law enforcement partners and help bring a major

criminal suspect back to the United

States to face prosecution," said

CAPT Wayne Justice, 7th Coast

Guard District chief of staff . "This

fast and effective operation could not

have happened without the support

of the U .S . Navy, Government of the

Bahamas and the cruise line ."

27

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
J

n a flash, special forces boarded

and seized a suspected merchant ship Jan . 17 in the

Arabian Sea to conclude Sea Saber, a

multinational exercise aimed at

stemming the flow of weapon of

mass destruction (WMD) .

Sponsored by U .S . Naval Forces

Central Command/U .S . 5th Fleet, Sea

Saber was the fifth exercise based on

the Proliferation Security Initiative

(PSI) announced May 2003 by

President Bush in Krakow, Poland .

PSI is a global initiative committed to

stopping the flow of WMD, related

delivery devices and materials, by

land, air, or sea .

Sea Saber was the first PSI exercise

led by the United States, and the first

conducted in the Arabian Sea, a key

region of proliferation concern . With

12 of 16 partner nations involved, the

largest number of participants of any

PSI exercise, Sea Saber focused on one

contingency, the maritime interdiction

of a WMD shipment on the high seas .

Participants practiced intercepting,

boarding, and searching vessels

thought to be illegally trafficking

WMD or related materials. The exercise climaxed with a flag-consent,

non-compliant boarding by partner

forces, working within the boundaries

of international law to board, inspect,

and seize WMD related cargo .

The actual operation, called a Visit,

Board, Search, and Seizure (VBSS), is

trictly choreographed . USNS Saturn

(T AFS 10) played the role of a suspect

28

Multinational forces conclude

By J02 Wes Eplen

Commander U.S . Naval Forces Central Command,

and Commander, U .S . 5th Fleet public affairs

Spanish Special Operations Forces soldiers stand guard over role players aboard USNS Saturn (TAFS 10) during a mock non-compliant boarding as part of Exercise Sea Saber 2004. (PN2(DV) Jeffrey

lehrberg/USN)

cargo ship, Sea Cluster. After leaving

a Northern Arabian Gulf port, Sea.

Cluster traveled more than 1,200 miles

into the Arabian Sea tracked in a

closely coordinated effort of partner

ships and aircraft . Permission was

requested and granted from the ship's

country of origin to board and search

the vessel .

Spanish Special Operations Forces

(SOF), working in conjunction with

elements of the 13th Marine

Expeditionary Group and Navy

Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD)

Mobile Unit 3 Detachment 1 aboard

USS Peleliu (LI-IA 5), conducted

the VBSS.

"The Spanish special ops team

came in first and did. the take down,"

said Gunnery Sgt. Alonzo

Mendozavalencia, EOD technician

from Marine Expeditionary Unit

(MEU) Service Support Group 13 .

"They took down any aggressive personnel and anyone with weapons .

They took key spaces like the bridge

and engineroom right away, then

started a complete search . By then,

the second wave of Marines landed

with an E()D tech and joined the

search. The third and fourth waves

came in with more EOD and ENBC

[Enhanced Nuclear, Biological and

Chemical] personnel ."

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
EOD and ENBC are vital to a

WMD mission; finding their highly

toxic components or delivery devices

is their primary objective .

"Basically, we augment these

MSPF [Maritime Special Purpose

Forcel and VBSS missions when there

are suspected WMD," said Sgt .

David Moyer of Battalion Landing

Team 11 . "We go inside, we identify

it, we label it, and contain it . We also

evacuate any injured or contaminated personnel ."

In addition to EOD and ENBC

technicians, countless other experts

played vital roles in Sea Saber.

"We were brought out by 5th Fleet

to insert certain elements of realism

into the scenario, ultimately implying

the notion of WMD aboard Saturn,"

said LCDR Ted Grabarz, officer in

charge of the Office of Naval

Intelligence (ONI) Mobile Training

Team (MTT) .

"Our primary purpose was to

develop the boarding package, the

notional package of documents VBSS

teams actually collect to support the

exercise," added 1SI Mike Wade from

ONIMTT, "vast amounts of documents; from the ship's garbage log to

the ship's registration, passports and

documents of proliferation . All documents have to fold together to create

the notional plot that unravels when

they start interrogating ."

Sea Saber was specifically designed

as a cooperative exercise to enhance

interoperability among multinational

forces in maritime interdiction operations . Singapore, France, Spain, the

United Kingdom, and the United

States contributed both operational

assets and observers to Sea Saber. Australia and Italy contributed. operational assets, while Denmark,

Germany, Japan, the Netherlands and

Turkey were observers .

"One thing that impressed me is

the ability of forces from around the

world to work together very, very

S nme 004

smoothly," said Maj . Kwek Ju-Hon, a

Singapore naval officer assigned to

the Ministry of Defense . "We've b~vn

doing some fairly complex operations, like crossdeck landings and

b , "ng training, and I think that

says a lot for the interoperal,il

of the countries involved ii i

""1 think this went a long e

toward building that confi , ' t! : v

level we need to work t, -t

more in the future," added C , t

The U.S. contributed members

from Commander, U .S . Naval

Forces Central Command/

Commander, U.S . 5th Fleet,

Expeditionary Strike

Group (ESG) 1 staff ;

Peleliu, and USS Port

Royal (CG 73), the 13th

MEU, Navy and Marine Curps

E(X) personnel, ONI Personnel, a

Coast Guard law enforcement

achment, P-3 and C-130 aircraft,

Saturn and logistical support .

Australia contributed HMAS

Melbourne (FFG 05) and a Royal

Australian Air Force maritime patrol

craft . France sent Task Force 150 pero

; Italy, ITS Espero (F 576);

Span SPS Victoria (F 82) and SOF;

Singapore, RSS Endurance (1,

207); the United Kingdom,

HIt7~, Norfolk (F230), HMS

11(F, 83), and NIMe patrol aircraft.

ious PST exercises

include the maritime interdiction

ercise Pacifi c Prntr'ctor led by

Australia in Septeml)o r- '_003,

a tabletop air interdicii . jn

command post

hosted by flat United

Kingdom in early

Sanso '03 led by Sp,i iit) s

October, and Basilic '03h 'rae _

in November.

Spanish Special Operations Forces soldiers conduct a visit, board, search, and seizure operation

aboard Military Sealift Command combat stores

ship USNS Saturn (T-AFS 10) during Exercise Sea

Saber 2004 . (PH2 Wes Eplen/USN)
xpedition. ary Strike Group

Forward Deployed Naval

Forces (ESG-FDNF), who made

the N

s first ESG deployment last

year, c rtinued their work to "smooth

out the edges" of the Navy and Marine

Corps' transformation into the ESG concept during an Expeditionary Strike

Cr(Exercise March 12-117.

FSG-FDN F takes USS

Cha ;,-dllorsville (CG 62), USS Curtis

Wilbur (L)DG 54), USS La Jolla (SSN

701), USS Essex (Li-11) 2), USS Fort

McHenry (LSD 43), USS Juneau (LI D

10), and the embarked 3tkr Marine

Expeditionary Unit' (MEU) to form

the ESG-FDNE. Tie exercise successfully tested concepts of how the

ESG-FDNF would operate during

various mi.-

the amphibious assault ship USS Essex (LHD 2) returns to Sasebo Naval Base following deployment.

Essex, part of the Expeditionary Strike Group Forward Deployed Naval Force, participated in an

Expeditionary Strike Group Exercise March 12-17. (PHI Marvin Harris/USN)

J03 James Kimber

Amphibious Group 1 public affairs

"The ESG provides the best of

both worlds in the Navy and Mann

Corps," said FCC Dave Rosenfeld,

ESG-FDNF strike officer . "There are

amphibious operations, strike and

Tomahawk capabilities, fixed-wing

ircraft, and submarine operations.

The ESC provides every aspect of

the Navy's and Marine Corps'

worlds wrapped up into one little,

devastating ball ."

The ESC concept could almost

double the number of independent

strike groups the Navy can deploy

in the future, simply by reconfiguring currently available a s i ts . hn

the future, 12 ESC; ,,, could join '12

carrier strike groups and numerous

surface action group- vailable to

fleet comnrnannders .

"Projecting decisive nbat power

has always been critical 1 ) every

naval commander - the same holds

true today, and will remain so in the

decades ahead," said RADM Gary

Jones, Commander, Amphibious

F)rce, U .S . 7th Fleet and ESG-FDNF

Commander. "The ESG is designed

to project precise and persistent

offensive power thru the dynamic

application of intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), time-seersitive targeting, ship-to-objective

t -r, information warfare, and

covert strike, in order to deliver devastating and extremely accurate

combat power."

Currently there are three ESC'

models in the Navy: East Coast, West

Coast and FDNF. The east and west

models have MEUs work and train

for six months before embarking U .S .

y ships for deployment .

"The ESG-FDNF is unique from

the east and west coast ESGs because

it basically breaks down and rebuilds

around the 31st MEU every six

months," said Marine Corps Col . Bill

Myers, ESG-FDNF deputy commander. "We are a much smaller and

more compact staff than those you

would find on the east and west

coast models . Being forward

deployed, we have to be able to

maintain our reputation as the

on-call staff ."

According to I. CDR Michael

Makee, Amphibious Force, U .S . 7th

Fleet lead ESG action officer, this evolution of Navy-Marine Corps power

has combined past strengths . It focuses

on open-sea warfare, dominance,

Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43), part of Expeditionary Strike Group Forward Deployed Naval Force, participated in an Expeditionary trike Group Exercise March

12-17 . (PNAN Gary Granger)

Marine (Voirps ti _s and land battlespace control, and integrated lessons

learned/strengths gained from them

with the modern need for global joint

operations that are prepared to confront the world's neww highly

mobile threats .

One of the steps taken by FSG

FDNF to strengthen the ESG concept

was to join Kitty Hawk Carrier Strike

Group during the exercise to :form

Expeditionary Strike Force (ESF)-

FI)NE Though this concept of total

sea dominance fared well during

Arabian Gulf tests luring Operation

Iraqi Freedorn, this was the first time

the Pacific Fleet tested it,

"We have had carriers and.

,amphibious ships working together

before, but there has never been a

Summer 2004

determined attempt to see it the ESFFONF is interoperable, comrnunicating and sharing assets in the Pacific,"

said C.;DR Bradley Martin,

Amphibious Squadron 11 Chief of

Staff . I Ie also said the forwarddeployed team gives the Navy and

Marine Corps a reliable, dominant

strike force in the Pacific should the

need ever arise .

Jones explained that exercises testing ESG and FSF concepts help

nprove readiness and combat capabilities for both the Navy and Marine

C rps as a whole.

"Our efforts are part of a broad

Navy-Marine Corps effort toward an

enduring process of innovation,"

Jones said . "The goal, is to accelerate

concepts and technology development that enhance our combat power

<a lid effectiveness as a team . The

Global War on Terrorism demands

our efforts and energies focus on the

global nature of the threat ."

"ESF-FDNF just proves how fh'xible our Sailors and Marines can be,"''

added Martin. "The FDNF is known

around the fleet as the crisis

response group. Should the

President ever need the assets and

capabilities an ESF can provide, he

knows he can call on us to provide

the emergency response."

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .

31
ive ships deployed April 30

from the Norfolk area with a

singular mission - to suppor

the Global War on Terrorism.

More than 1,000 Sailors aboard the

guided-missile destroyers USS

Ramag=e (DDG 61) and USS Ross

(DDG 71), and the guided-missile

frigate USS Elrod (FFG 55) departed

Naval Station Norfolk as a Surface

Strike Group. At nearby Naval

Amphibious Base, Little Creek, Va.,

patrol coastal ships USS Typhoon (PC

5) and USS Sirocco (PC 6) deployed

to relieve USS Firebolt WC 10) and

USS Chinook (PC 9), which are currently in the Arabian Gulf.

Typhoon, commanded by LT

Khary Hembree-Bey, and Sirocco,

commanded by LT Michael Nash,

will be forward deployed for approximately 18 months to conduct U .S .

5th. Fleet operations in support of the

ongoing war on terrorism . The crews,

24 enlisted and four officers, will

rotate out every six months . The Sea

Swap initiative increases the Navy's

forward presence and reduces costs

and transit times . By deploying ships

to a theater of operations for IS

months, and swapping crews at sixmonth intervals, the Navy gains an

additional 90 days of on-station time

per vessel .

The ships' shallow draft, agility, and

quick speed make them the perfect

choice for operations in the Arabian

Gulf theater, according to Typhoon's

Commanding Officer I lemnbree-Bey.

"We're in the forefront of what's going

on and the PC Navy is the perfect size

for what we're doing over there .

We've trained for it and we're ready to

go." said. Hembree-Bey.

32

by J01 (SW) Athena Blain

SURFLANT public affairs

NORFOLK SHIPS DEPLOY IN SUPPORT OF

USS Typhoon (PC 5) pulls away from the pier as it heads out on deployment along with USS

Sirocco (PC 6) to relieve the patrol craft USS Firebolt (PC 10) and USS Chinook (PC 9) . These ships

will forward deploy for 18 months while crews are swapped out every six months . (JOC(SWJAW) Dave

FliesenlUSN)

The Surface Strike Group (SSG) is

also ready to go. Ramage, Ross, and

Elrod will participate in regional

exercises with allies, make diplomatic

port calls, and respond to any contingency that may arise, including those

associated with the ongoing war

on terrorism.

The SSG can operate independently or in conjunction with other

maritime forces. They are designed to

be flexible and offer of a wide array

of capabilities, including T niahawk

missile strikes, in support of both

joint and coalition forces . Each ship is

a valuable asset in America's continuing global war on terrorism . As an

SSG, they form an imposing force

with a menacing strike capability .

CDR Mark Young commands

Ramuge, CDR Lisa Franchetti commands Ross, and CDR. Stephen

Kelley commands Elrod.

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .
By J02 Lisa Wassilieff

Public Affairs Center San Diego

iconderoga-class guided-missile cruiser USS Mobile Bay

(CC 53) became the first

Pacific Fleet ship to install updated,

modern meal preparation equipment,

use pre-cooked meals, and develop

an Advanced Food Service System

(.AFSS) concept .

AFSS is the latest multifunctional

food preparation system used in a

Navy shipboard galley. AFSS

involves the removal of all deep-fat

fryers, and. uses combination ovens,

skittles, induction plates, and

blast chillers .

The combination oven can cook

different foods simultaneously with

flavors intertwining and takes half the

time of a regular oven . With the

unique ability to inject steam, its functions range from cooking with the

capability of two high-pressure steamers to baking with dry heat and steam .

Another part of AFSS involves the

use of a skittle, a versatile equipment

piece that can act as a high-pressure

steamer - then, closing a lid and . turning a cap, it can grill .

Mobile Bay's galley also

includes an induction plate, which

can cook soups and sauces . Its specialized burner responds to the

magnetism of pots and pans . With

an induction plate there is no open

flame; and nothing gets heated but

the food inside .

The final element of AFSS is a

blast chiller, for use when precooked meals are brought aboard

ship. It quickly brings food temperature down, for storage, before

eventual use .

Along with modern equipment,

the menu has incorporated healthier,

Summer 2004

pre-cooked meals. Along the lines of

Army and Marine Corps Meals,

Ready-To-Eat (MRF), high quality,

heat-and-serve meals will include an

entree and vegetables . CSI Lamont

Moore feels the new menu is easier

and full of variety.

"We have different kinds of meals

from week to week," said Moore .

"Meals like lasagna, spaghetti, and

meatloaf are on our menus . They

come ready-made, so we just heat

and serve . The same applies to soups.

Even gravy requires little effort ."

According to Mobile Bay Food

Service Officer LTJG Melissa

Richardson, 75 percent of meals

served in port are prepared, foods,

compared to about 50 percent once

the ship deploys . Richardson also

notes that improving the food

improves life aboard .

"The quality of life is already

changing," said Richardson . "The

crew has been responding well to

these changes, and the food has been

consistently good ."

According to CS3 Omar Cranford,

he has already noticed significant

improvements in his daily workday

with shortened .food preparation

times and higher quality food served

for the crew. The use of nonstick sheet

and strap pans has eased the cleanup

process as well.

A IT2 William Rakoski gets a lobster and some

shrimp aboard USS Mobile Bay ((G 53) . The

guided-missile cruiser Sailors celebrated the

grand opening of the new galley and the use of

an Advanced Food Service System concept. (JO!

Ralph Radford/USN)

33

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
L~7 5

T)

A Paramedic Scott Neus(h demonstrates emergency medical equipment he uses routinely on accident

scenes to the crew of USS Anzio (CG 68) . The Sailors saw firsthand and felt what it's like trying to

save a life - from taking a pulse, to loading the victim onto a backboard, to simulating starting an IV

line . (Matthew Thomas/Naval Safety (enter)

is "Damn the torpedoes, full

speed ahead!" as Navy ships set

their sights on meeting Secretary

of Defense Donald Rumsfeld's mandate: reduce the number of mishaps

50 percent by fiscal year 2005 .

As noted by Commander, Naval

Safety Center, RADM Dick Brooks,

34

"This goal requires leadership, comn itment, and a dedicated effort on the

part of everyone - from the member

who just enlisted to our most senior

leadership . It demands some changes

in the way we do things, what we

expect of each other, and what we

accepttas normal operations ."

I kTD-1 T) What better way to get on board

than to attack the No . 1 killer of

Sailors and, Marines worldwide

traffic accidents? Between FY 2001

and FY 2003, 348 Sailors and Marines

died in privately owned vehicle

(l'OV) crashes . That's 54 percent of

all accidental deaths, which Brooks

sees as "an unacceptable loss of our

most precious asset -J our people ."

One ship that decided to make a

difference in this area is the cruiser

USS Anzio (CG 68) . Two weeks

before Christmas 2003, the ship

arranged some timely training for all

hands. Called, Street Smart and sponsored by Anheuser-Busch

Companies, Inc ., this dramatic, gripping program acquainted these

Sailors with the kinds of life-changing experiences that firefighters and

paramedics face every day on

the streets .

Two Florida paramedics spent an

hour and a half walking the Anzio

crewmen through what happens at a

typical trauma scene . These Sailors

saw firsthand and felt what it's like

trying to save a life - from taking a

pulse, to loading the victim onto a

backboard, to simulating starting an

IV line.

The paramedics introduced the

Sailors to the power that cam come

from making the right choices . What

are those right choices? As explained

by one paramedic, "It's everything

from choosing to have a designated

driver (and. of course, never drinking

while underage, or using illegal

drugs) to choosing to wear a seat

belt ." The Sailors came to understand

the consequences of their actions, as

well as the importance and value of

their own lives .

Scott, an Anzio Sailor, said buckling up has been a part of his driving

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
5K )E,e"L

regimen for a long time before he

attended the recent Street Smart training. "Seat belts had been mandatory

in my native Texas for several years

when l started driving," he

explained, "and, besides that, my

uncle was a Houston police officer ."

Another notoriously hazardous

area for Sailors is a shipyard . With

the increased productivity in an

industrial environment, greater risks

for injury abound, especially aboard

a ship the size of USS Dwight D.

Eisenhower (CVN 69) .

"Because we are getting ready for

crew move-aboard," said CDR Nathan

N ickerson, the ship's safety officer, "we

have increased the number of Sailors

working on the ship . Comparatively,

though, we have stayed on the same

track, with few mishaps ."

"Awareness is the key issue," said

ABHC(AW/SW) Terry Aldridge,

Sunnner 2()()4

By Ken Testorff

Naval Safety Center

A Paramedic Scott McIntyre kicks off Street Smart presentation aboard USS Anrio ((G 68) . The presentation teaches Sailors about the importance of making good

decisions while driving . (Matthew Thomas/Naval Safety (enter)

safety 1 .CPO. "Now isn't the time

to deviate."

ike Sailors revel in the fact they

have decreased . the number of serious mishaps on. board by about 20

percent from previous carriers during

the. complex refueling overhaul

period. However, safety needs to

remain foremost in their minds if

they are to continue this record of

accomplishment as they start moving

back aboard . "Proper lifting techniques must be used - if at all possible, two people should lift items,"

Nickerson cautioned . "Safety is a

team effort . . . we rely on everyone to

work together," he added .

Our Naval Safety Center safetysurvey teams stay alert for good

examples, along with the usual hazard; and discrepancies . They find

numerous ships with safety programs

that can serve as a model. for other

ships, and for fleet mishap-reduction

efforts in general . For instance, the

electrical surveyor recently found an

outstanding electrical-safety program

aboard USS Lake Erie (CC 70) that

helped the ship cut its number of

electrical-safety deficiencies in half.

Other recent "best practices" included

an outstanding paint-mixing-andissue locker aboard USS Carney

(DDG 64) and two superb CHT pump

rooms aboard LJSS Fliggins (DDC 76) .

Our damage-control expert said these

spaces were the best he has seen in

his 24-year career.

Programs like the ones mentioned

in this article greatly contribute to the

fleet meeting the 50-percent reduction goal . Every mishap prevented

increases our readiness .

35

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
a tr

jel 6~

imagine you are standing watch

as the Officer of the Deck on a

Navy warship anchored in a

regional hotspot somewhere in the

Arabian Gulf. A helicopter is due to

arrive shortly on a routine spare parts

and mail delivery run to your ship

when you begin taking small arms

fire from an approaching small craft .

Within moments, the helicopter

crashes in flames on your deck blowing at least one man overboard . You

immediately sound general quarters

and set the damage control team in

motion to respond to the crash .

Simultaneously, you attempt to got the

ship underway and out of immediate

danger as the small craft threat is now

engaged by your shipboard AntiTerrorism - Force Protection (ATFP)

team. In a scenario such as this, many

decisions must be made in a very

short time to ensure the survivability

of the entire ship and the crew .

Imagine the value of hands-on,

realistic training designed to enable

you and your crew to effectively and

intuitively fight your ship in lifelike

scenarios . This is precisely the type

of training offered by Afloat

Training Group, Atlantic

(ATGLANT) and Afloat Training

Group, Pacific (ATGPAC) - where

the ship is the classroom .

ATG provides dynamic, quality

afloat training to Navy and Coast

Guard Sailors to ensure a combat

ready force capable of performing a

broad spectrum of maritime missions.

Special emphasis is placed on trainin g

ships' training teams, special evolution teams, and watch teams to institutionalize the on-board capability to

36

trains the Fleet

sustain and improve corn hat readiness

throughout an employment cycle .

Extensive training is conducted in.

areas such as combat systems, engineering, damage control, aviation,

seamanship, navigation, medical, and

of course, training teams .

In June 2003 ATGL.ANT and ATGPAC functionally and organizationally

aligned. Mirroring of the two staffs

was done to foster standardized training to be delivered on both coasts .

A number of other initiatives have

also been achieved to standardize

training . Shipboard training teams

By Dave Smith

Afloat Training Group

public affairs

and .ATG trainers on both coasts now

use a central repository of Afloat SelfAssessment (ASA) checksheets (formerly known as CART 11 checksheets)

to identify training requirements . This

is a critical milestone to ensure shipboard. training information and

processes are consistent throughout

the Navy. The checksheets used and

other valuable training information

can be found on both the ATGLANT

and ATG PAC websites at

ht# ~s : www.atgl .spearaiavymil,

and littp : / /wwwata?a c .navy.mil /

respectively.

FCC(SW/AW) Christopher Johnson from Afloat Training Group (ATG) Pacific demonstrates how to apprehend, control, and confine an aggressive individual with FCl Manuelito Aquino's help during handcuff and

restraint procedures training for Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection team members from USS Essex (LHD 2) .

(PHAR Tommy Howerton/USN)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Basic Training Phase Status, or

"Stoplights," as it is more commonly

called, is a, dynamic, real-time, webbased tool to track status of ships

within their initial phase of training .

It is also accessible from both the

.ATGLANT and ATGl'AC websites.

Stoplights is currently used by ship

Corn man ding Officers, their chain of

command, and the ATG leadership to

track the progress and/or identify

potential issues of ships in training .

ATG employs the best Sailors in

the Navy by maintaining technical

in-rate currency of professional

knowledge and skills through a

robust training program of formal

Navy schools, installation and factory

training, technical symposiums,

informal training and self study.

'To become an ATG trainer, talk

with your Command Career

Sirinrner 2()04

,?

Counselor (CCC) on your next visit

to their office . They will assist you in

performing an on-site screening; per

the MIL PENS manual to ensure your

skills are applicable to billets at ATG .

Having Navy Enlisted Code (NEC)

9502 for Instructor is also helpful, but

not a requirement . Service as an

afloat trainer can be career enhancing, particularly if Master Training

Specialist (MTS) and/or Afloat

Training Specialist (AT'-',) certifications are obtained while serving at

ATG. Anyone interested in becoming

an An', trainer is encouraged to call

the nearest ATG office, or stop by one

for an informal tour . Phone numbers

for ATE; Command Career

Counselors are : ATGLANT, (757) 445-

0962 Ext . 310, DSN 7,65-0962 Ext . 310;

or ATGPAC, (619) 556-0925, DSN

526-0925.

4,1yk,i.

A USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43) Sailors spray mist on a class Alpha fire during firefighting training at the Yokosuka-based Afloat Training Group, Western Pacific .

(J02 Patrick Oille/USN)

A MM3 Christopher Jensen provides instructions to BM3 Sean Boyle during a General

Quarters (GO) inspection by the Afloat Training

Group, Western Pacific (ATGWP) aboard the

amphibious command ship USS Blue Ridge (LCC

19) . (PHI Novia Harrington/USN)

37

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 N
a

C

Task Force sea 5entr y:

Monitoring the theater maritime picture

F

or 6L 11 Fleet's navall forces, the

establishment of Task Force Sera

Sentry and the Theater Fusion

Center (TFC:) helps refine the science

of strategic information management.

Providing a comprehensive maritime theater picture to joint tacticians

at U .S . European Command and

operators at combatant command

centers, TFC essentially maintains

up-to-the-minute snapshots of who's

who in the underway "zoo."

"The Fusion Center is designed to

take inputs from around the AOR

I area of responsibility], fuse it, collate

it, and send it to the fleet as a product that different watches can use as

a comprehensive maritime picture,"

said CAPT Rob Taylor, Destroyer

Squadron (DESRON) 60 commodore

and Task Force Sea Scrrtrlj co-chairman. "We also want to include intelligence oil some contacts . For instance,

watches click oil aa contact and get a

screen that tells him whether this guy

was boarded or wasn't boarded, or

whether he's linked to terrorism

or not ."

TFCC keeps its finger on the pulse

of maritime movement through the

Mediterranean, Eastern Atlantic, and

Africa's West Coast . If it's afloat in

the AOR, TFC call tell you where it

is, and who can reach out to touch it .

Located at Naval Support Activity

Capodichino, Italy, TFC's 24/7 operation is manned by "free agents" on

loan from, regional commands . An

array of area commands supported

moving TFC from an ambitious Sea

Sentry vision to a productive part of

Navy Europe's warfighting repertoire, in just three months .

"This was VADM (I Tarry) Ulrich's

number one priority when he took

command of 6th Fleet," Taylor said .

38

A SN Rodolfo Espinoza stands Aft Lookout watch on the fantail aboard USS John C. Stennis (CVN 74).

The Aft Lookout can pass information from visual sightings of nearby ships and aircraft up the chain of

command, which would be sent to the Theater Fusion Center to be fused, collated, and sent back to the fleet

as a product that different watches can use as a comprehensive maritime picture . (PH3 Joshua Word/USN)

"TIe wanted it to be a group conlposed of more than just one command so there was buy-in from

around Europe. Now it's almost

transparent that it involves so many

people because it's working

so smoothly."

The backbone of TFC is centralized management of command-andcontrol architecture in theater,

including Global Command and

Control System (GCCS) and Tactical

Data Information Links . TFCC collects

input from radar contacts, aircraft

surveillance, shipboard visual sightings, NATO, coalition forces, and

National intelligence agencies .

In concert with air and ground

tracks, it provides an unprecedented

vision of the joint battlespace . TFC

watchstandcrs remain acutely aware

By JOCS(SW/AW)

Scott Fleming

Commander, U .S . 6th

Fleet public affairs

of vessel tracks, maintain regular

communication with units, and reevaluate the process to make maritime responsiveness a reliable piece

of the common operational puzzle .

With each day, their decisions

develop into further documentation

and doctrine.

"We did not let ourselves get

caught up in getting a 100 percent

solution right off the bat," Taylor

said . "We came up with a plan .

that led us down a path of

constant improvement ."

St r force Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
d arter

Summer 2004

U

SS Gettatsbrarg (CG 64), part

of USS Enterprise (CV .N 65)

Carrier Strike Group (CSG),

deployed to the Arabian Gulf with a

new piece of equipment gaining

praise from the fleet .

The Spartan Scout is an Advanced

Concept Technology Demonstration

(ACTD) for the Department of

Defense, under the direction of the

Naval Undersea Warfare Center

Division, Newport, R .I .

Spartan Scout is a modular, reconfigurable, multimission, high-speed,

semiautonomous Unmanned Surface

Vehicle (USV) capable of carrying

payloads of 3,00(1 and 5,000 pounds

for 7- and 11-meter craft, respectively .

Integrated as an expeditionary sensor

and weapons system, it is designed

to be a primary ".force-leveler"

against asyrmnetric threats, and

enables battle force commanders to

match inexpensive threats with an

appropriate response .

Gettysburg carries and controls

Spartan Scout, a modified 7-meter

d played on Gettysburg

rigid hull inflatable boat (RHIB), on

its first major deployment . It is configured with an electrooptical/infrared surveillance turret,

surface search radar, digital imagery

transmission suite, and an unmanned

command and control suite.

RDML,James Stavridis, Enterprise

CSG commander, sees the Spartan

Scout as a harbinger of transformation, much like the Wright Flyer, the

Wright brothers' first powered aircraft . Its mission is to demonstrate its

abilities as a force protection asset

and provide an effective response to

asymmetric threats, such as

small boats.

"Spartan Scout meets a need for

ship force protection," noted Stavridis .

"Spartan Scout can provide surveillance in a harbor, not only for Navy

ships, but also Coast Guard units

responsible for port security It can be

modified for mine detection or anti-submarine warfare.

"When equipped with I fell fire or

javelin missiles," Stavridis continued,

Y PN3 Christopher Marino uses a remote control to steer a modified Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat called

the Spartan Scout; which was developed by the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Newport, R .I .

Spartan Scout will make future unmanned missions for a number of applications . (PHAN Justin

M(Gorry/USN)

From Naval Undersea Warfare

Center Newport public affairs

"it could attack surlac.e vessels, or

conduct precision strikes ashore . And,

unlike any other unmanned system,

USVs can relay communications to

aircraft, ships and submarines ."

As a low-cost force multiplier,

USVs provide increased sensor coverage in a network-centric environment,

thus enabling rapid battlespace dominance while eliminating unnecessary

risk to personnel and naval vessels .

Spartan Scout's ACTD aims to

address joint warfighting needs in

increasingly complex and contested

littoral areas . It specifically focuses

on demonstrating the military utility

of modular, nru .ltimnission USVs as

extended sensor and weapons platforms conducting intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR)/

target acquisition ; precision strike;

and shallow-water undersea warfare

missions in support of joint task

force, strike group, amphibious and

sealift operations .

The current version of Spartan

Scout is the ISR Spiral. The ISR version allows the ship's crew to establish a recognized maritime picture

around the cruiser and carrier, provide force protection, and provide

real-time surveillance around ships

boarded by Navy teams.

According to Naval Undersea

Warfare Center Spartan Scout

Program Manager, Dr. Vittorio Ricci,

reports received from the fleet on

Spartan Scout have been positive .

"Future Spirals are planned to

demonstrate warlighting capability

in scenarios engaging hostile threats

with gun and missile systems," said

Ricci . "Additional demonstrations

will include mine warfare capabilities." Plans to develop and denmonstrate antisubmarine warfare

capabilities are ongoing .

39

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
V A group of business and community leaders arrive on USS Stethem (DDG 63) via SH-60B Seahawk helicopter for an at-sea tour of the ship as part of the leaders to Sea program . The program gives corporate leaders an up-close and personal view of what officer and enlisted members do in the Navy while underway.

(SN Gregory Pierot/USN)

By ENS David Shaulis

USS Stethem public affairs

UU

SS Stethem (DDG 63), a San

Diego-based guided-missile

destroyer; hosted 10 Los

Angeles-based chief executive officers

(CEO) and presidents of major corporations as part. of the 1,cadcrrs: to Sea

program while underway April 15 .

The Leaders to Sera program, created

by Commander, Naval Surface

Forces, provides a unique opportunity to foster citizen awareness and

understanding_ for the roles and missions of the Navy. Invited business

4()

and community leaders embark

Navy ships and experience life at sea .

Stethem hosted these business

leaders during its Command

Assessment of Readiness and

Training (CART). CART is a close

evaluation of Stethern's ability to

train and light. The timing of the

embarkation provided a rare opportunity to see Stethem Sailors at work

and how a warship operates at sea .

When embarked, the senior executive business group viewed a demonstration of Stethem's Acegis Weapon

System during training scenarios

from within the Combat Information

Center; her engineering plant operating in a high-power demonstration;

and repair parties responding to

damage control and medical casualty

situations . They also toured they ship

in further detail ; and saw not only

how a Sailor works, but also how

they live at sea .

Of alll the technological capability

and sophistication in Stethein, it was

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
the Sailors the business leaders met

that made the most impact on them.

I s impressed by the machine, but

o t impressed by the people,"

id Hagan; president of

eless . "I'm a non-military

person, and this day put a face on the

military. It's ; clear to me, that in bussn

o in the military, it really is the

the. difference ."

king on thquality of

r on board, I stein,

if United 0'If peoike these worked f

th

o l be on a star mana r

c CD

to

s

to. . 'program

like and rwoy. (USNJ

I

r,

HUN ORE S OF GREAT LINKS N 1 7 CATEGORIES!

I

Tile NewLinksSectina

Insl e wwwswefletcem

0

~!

C

0.

a

D1 cu ion Group - Surface Warfare New

Relocation

NAVSEA

BUPERS

News

Career

& More!

Travel

Education

-Yuss

A oou

r

•AP News Stre miig Video lips - Me age ftom enio L ad

The Most Extensive &

Searchable Directory of

Web Resources for the

Surface Warfare Officer!

Explore the best sites and online tools by Category,

Name or Keyword Search. Add all your favorites to

"My Links" on the SWONET Home Page for quick and

easy access. Log into SWONET & click "links"!

rshlp

I

01

0

1

CA

A

i0d

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No .
DESRON?

42

J

'1' Amy Bleidorn of the guidedmissile destroyer USS Stethem

(DDG 63) was recently named

the Commander, Destroyer Squadron

23 Junior Officer Tactician of the Year.

Bleidorn serves as Combat Systems

Officer aboard Stet hem . The competition for Tactician of

the Year examines the candidates'

command presence and their judgment in tactical situations . The candidates must be able to

demonstrate exceptional skill and

expertise in utilizing weapons, sensors, and communications to

accomplish warfare mission objectives . During the final evaluation,

candidates are given a complex,

real-world tactical scenario testing

their ability as surface warriors .

Bleidorn credits her success to the

training she received as a first-tour

division officer and to the lessons

learned from the quality Sailors she

leads . "Tactical skill comes from

knowing your equipment, and fortunately I've had exceptional enlisted

experts that have provided me with

the technical knowledge I've

needed," she said .

While serving on board Stethern,

Bleidorn was the key figure during

the testing and evaluation of the $8 .2

billion Chief of Naval Operations

Priority One Tactical Tomahawk

Program . Bleidorn is not only an

expert in documented surface warfare tactics, but few fleet officers

equal her experience in the employment of the Navy's most advanced

cruise missile system.

By ENS David Shaulis,

USS Stethem public affairs

IIdTIIS 1111101 Officer Tactician of the Year

USS St ethem's (DDG 63) Combat Systems Officer, LT Amy Bleidorn, recently named Destroyer

Squadron 23's Junior Officer Tactician of the Year, meets with ENS Brad Amos, Stethem's Systems Test

Officer, (ENS David Shaulis/USN)

Bleidorn worked in concert with

numerous fleet commander staffs to

develop tactics for this revolutionary

strike weapon . Her technical skills

and leadership contributed to

Stethem's qualification for the Black

'E' for Combat Systems excellence

during the 2003 Battle Efficiency

competitive cycle .

Bleidorn originally hails from

Crawfordsville, Ind ., and graduated

front the United States Naval

Academy in 1998 . Following her division officer tour aboard USS The

Sullivans (DDG 68), she attended

Department Head School in

Newport, R .I . as part of the

Department Head Early Roller

Program. She reported to Stethern in

September 2002 as Weapons Officer

and fleeted up to her current position

in November 2003 .

Stethem is an Arleigh Burke-class

guided missile destroyer attached to

Commander, Destroyer Squadron 23

and is a member of USS Nimitr,

Carrier Strike Group/Cruiser

Destroyer Group 5, commanded by

RDML Derwood Curtis.

11*

Surface War fare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
the

tvlever Maryland. -,,

nerican Ex-Pri ; >

- lid he i

continue to honor the pa .t .

"Not many people have that priviv ve a ship named after a battic they were in," said Myers . "It's a

great reminder to future generations

that us 'poor old guys' trudged the

beach at Italy so they could honor the

Anzio . It's a great honor."

The Baltimore native, who spent

several months in an enemy prison

camp, said . he shares a special . bond

with Anzio crew members .

"All the personnel aboard ship,

from the CC) [Commanding Officerl

on down, are wonderful people

very dedicated people, and we're

blessed. to have them," said Myers.

"These young people willingly dedicate their lives to the United States ."

Commander, Cruiser Destroyer

Group8, RDML John Harvey, said it

is essential to remember and honor

our nation's heroes by naming by 57 ships

afterr them .

"This is a way that we keep our

faith with those who went before us

and this link we have to the past, to

and

A US5 Anzi () silhouetted in the Baltic Sen . Sixty years ago, Allied forces stormed the small

Italian town of Anzio, establishing the beachhead for the march to Rome . Recently, Anzio commemorated

the Bottle of Anzio and its veterans with a Norfolk, Va ., pierside ceremony aboard the ship bearing the historic battle's name . (PH2 Shone McCoy/USN)

the folks who wore the uriifo rm,

ade the sacrifices, and kept our

nation free . Through the names of

theuse ships, we provide that direct

link to what we're doing today,"

U.S. and British navies played a

vital role during the Battle of Anzio .

A total of 88 tank landing ships took

part in the landing Jan . 22, 1944 . In

the first 22 hours, 36,034 men and

3,069 vehicles landed. .

After the Allied landing in Anzio,

Germany responded with 80,000

additional troops . The Allies fought

courageously and, with reinforcemerits, broke out in late May to

march victoriously into Rome . The

cost of fr ee campaign was high,

)0 Allied forces lost

German troops originally stationed

elsewhere were sent to Anzio,

thereby ensuring victory for the

Allies whenen thcthey landed in France

June 6, 1944 .

Commissioned May 2, 1992, USS

Anzio (C(C 68) is the second Navy

ship named in honor of Allied forces

at Anzio and Nettuno, Italy.

"I think it's great for our cre s

today to understand what went on

before," I-larvey said . "They draw

strength from that relationship, and I

think it's great for these veterans to

come back and have a piece of their

own ship that they know is going to

go out and do what they did when

thcia up

. "

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
San Diego

honored by Navy's

newest amphib

S

ecretary of the Navy Gordon

L

England has named the Navy's

newest amphibious ship in honor

of San Diego .

Northrop Grumman Ship Systems,

Avondale Operations, in New Orleans

will build San Diego (LPD 22). The 684-

foot long amphibious transport dock will

carry a crew of approximately 360 Sailors

and 700 Marines; transport them along

with equipment and supplies in support

of amphibious assault, special operations, and expeditionary warfare missions. Delivery ashore will be made via

Landing Craft, both Air Cushioned

(LCAC) and Utility (LCU);

Expeditionary Fighting Vehicles ; helicopters, and MV-22A Osprey tiltrotor aircraft .

San Diego will play a vital role in the

success of the Navy/Marine Corps team

by carrying combat forces to the fight

with increased lift capacity, superior

command and control, and improved

ship survivability. It will give expeditionary strike groups greater speed,

agility, reach, and dominance in littoral

battlespaces . New LPDs incorporate substantial. quality of life improvements like

sit-up berths, a ship services mall, an

enhanced fitness center, and a learning

resource center.

44

USS O'Orien says `sayonara' after

27 years

s pruance-class destroyer USS O'Brien ( DD 975) made a final

deployment from Japan heading back to the United States, bringing 27 years of active duty to a close in May .

Since August 1992, O'Brien has served as part of the Navy's Forward

Deployed Naval Forces (FDNF), calling Yokosuka, Japan, home . During

her time as part of the FDNF, O'Brien has served as an underway home

to more than 1,500 Sailors .

O'Brien was built by Ingalls Shipbuilding Division of Litton Industries

in Pascagoula, Miss ., and commissioned Dec . 3, 1977 . It has served in a

multitude of roles, from launching Tomahawk cruise missiles to conducting anti-submarine warfare.

The ship conducted 14 deployments to the Western Pacific and

Arabian Gulf, earned numerous awards, most recently the Pacific Fleet

Naval Surface Force's Phalanx Close-In Weapons System Excellence

Award for 2003. Over the years, O'Brien accumulated a long list of successes, among them the prestigious Battle "E" and the Meritorious Unit

Commendation.

O'Brien was part of Destroyer Squadron 15 and USS Kitty Hawk (CV

63) Carrier Strike Group .

A Since commissioning nearly

27 years ago, LISS O'Brien (DD

975) completed seven major

deployments to the Western

Pacific/Indian Ocean area and

seven deployments to the

Arabian Gulf . (PH2 Gloria

Barry/USN)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Ticonderoga makes final deployment before decom

1i

SS Ticonderoga (CG 47) deployed March 10 from

Naval Station Pascagoula bound for a counter-drug

operation mission and UNITAS cruise, before heading

stateside for decommissioning currently scheduled for

Sept. 30 .

While deployed, the ship will conduct counter-drug cps

in the Eastern Pacific and Caribbean Sea, and then participate in UNITAS operations off the coast of South America.

LUNITAS is an annual series of multinational training exercises and operations with U.S . Navy, Marine Corps, Coast

Guard, and Special Operations Forces, matched with counterparts from South and . Central American countries :

Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay,

and Venezuela .

Ticonderoga carries a crew of about 350 men and women,

has the ability to carry out multidimensional, multithreat

combat missions, and with its Aegis weapons system, comes

equipped with sophisticated displays, computer systems,

advanced surface-to-air missiles - ideally suited to perform "Shield of the Fleet" duties against complex, fast-moving air

attacks of any kind.

Built in Pascagoula and commissioned in January 1983, Ticonderoga was the world's first surface combatant

equipped with the Aegi5 combat system, the most sophisticated naval air defense system in the world .

Midway moves to Navy Pier

A Aegis guided-missile cruiser USS Ticonderoga (CG 47) underway near

Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility, Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico .

(Bruce Trombecky/JC(C)

I

lie decommissioned aircraft carrier Midway (CV 41) has found a new home and a new mission . Port of San

Diego tugboats pushed the 74,000-ton aircraft carrier across San Diego Bay, mooring at Navy Pier to serve as a

naval museum.

According to Pete Clayton, chief engineer for the Midway museum, the 1,000-foot carrier steamed down the

California coast after being mothballed in Bremerton, Wash ., to receive recently restored aircraft at Naval

Base Coronado .

In its 47-year career, serving from 1945 until 1992, the famed ship saw action in numerous conflicts including World

War II, Korea, Vietnam, and Operation Desert Storrn . Now, the carrier serves naval enthusiasts as a floating museum and

event facility.

More than 200,000 Americans have served aboard Midway, now known as the San Diego Aircraft Carrier Museum .

Ned Bixby, a 60-year old native of Carlsbad, Calif ., never experienced Midway Magic, but felt, "There are millions like

me who have not been in the Navy but who love and want to experience the Navy . This ship is our chance to do that ."

( The former USS Midway ((V 41) makes its way

across San Diego Bay to its final resting place at Navy

pier where it became a naval museum for the city of

San Diego, (PHI ArloAbrahamson/USN)

Summer 2004 45

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
46

6

e

A, Two Sailors cross the brow of USS Barry (DDG 52) moored at Pier 88 during the

17th Annual New York City Fleet Week . More than 4,000 Sailors, Marines, and Coast

Guardsmen on 12 ships participated May 26 to June 2 . (J03 David (oleman/USN)

`"' A Sailor from USS Anzio (CG

68) passes a baton to his shipmateate during a relay race May 28

E on Pier 86 during 17th Annual

New York City Fleet Week activities . (J03 David Coleman/USN)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 N
f

Sioni ier 2004

A The amphibious assault ship USS two Jima (LHD 7) sails post the

Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor during the parade of ships opening

the 17th Annual New York City Fleet Week . (PHAN Orlando Quintero/USN)

During 11th Annual New York City

Fleet Week, Sailors and Marines hold

an American flog for the playing of

taps on Memorial Day on the deck of

former USS Intrepid ((VS 11) . The

World War II-era aircraft carrier is now

the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum on

pier 86, donated to the city in 1981 .

(PHAN Orlando Quintero/USN)

We encourage your mailed submission of

photographs for publication in this recurring

section of the magazine . Submissions may be

sent as prints, transparencies, or electronic files

( .jpg or .tiff format at a minimum size of 5x7

inches at 266 dpi - 300 dpi preferred) .

Address your submissions to :

Surface Warfare Magazine

"Views from the Fleet"

OPNAV N761M

2000 Navy Pentagon

Washington, DC 20350-2000

47

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 N
How expert are you at identifying surface combatants

from foreign navies? Can you tell whether a ship on the

horizon is an ally or an enemy? It's time to test your ship

identification skills . How about all of you manning the

"big eyes" take a look at the ship pictured below and let

us know what type of vessel it is, its name and what

nation operates it .

Send your entry to surfwarmag@navymil with Ship

Shape in the subject line . Be sure to include your rate,

name and ship or unit of assignment, and a current mailing address. The first individual to provide the correct

information will receive recognition in the next issue of

Surface Warfare and a token of our esteem for your professional knowledge!

The token for this issue, a coin from Commander,

Naval Surface Warfare Center, goes to EM3 James Banks,

Naval Nuclear Power Training Command . He was the

first to provide us with the correct answer for our previous Ship Shape .

Banks correctly identified the ship as Lekiu-class

guided-missile frigate IUD Jebat (29), serving Malaysia.

48

-~ KD Jebat (29), a Scottish-built Lekiu-class guided-missile frigate, is

one of two serving in the Royal Malaysian Navy. (File photo)

This ship recently made a port call in America . During the port visit crewmembers rendered honors to fallen Americans at one of the most famous memorials in

the world . (File Photo)

Surface Warfare

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
IUA

F

ew seafaring legends compare with

the mystique of Captain C. "Salt"

Spray. His ancestry spawned from.

King Neptune himself, and his travels

predicate the use of nautical charts or

visual aids . His manner gruff, hands

coarse and calloused, and his malformed

nose sits atop his salt encrusted mustache .

His wife a mermaid, his home, the sea . His mastery of naval customs, traditions and history are second to none! Historians are a mass of confused,

imaginative school boys - "Salt" has been there .

"Salt," as he is known by his pupils, makes himself known

only to reconcile the misinformed. Not to be found in any textbook or history book, he is versed from messages sent in bottles to

the ethernet . "Salt" is a giant among the crustiest of searfarers, and will

find you when he feels he must enlighten your mind .

Q1 . Where does the term starboard come from?

Although few have been graced

with"Salt's" presence, Surface

Warfare Magazine has

managed to bring his expertise

to you . "Salt" poses his first two

challenges this issue :

Q2. The "Green Flash" - myth or legend? What is the green flash, why does it appear,

and if you're truly worth your salt, send a picture of it!

--Send your replies to SURFWARMAG @ navy.mil

with "CAPTAIN'S TRIVIA" in the subject line .

., U *4 -.,

Summer 2004 Vol . 29 No . 3
Ronald Reagan

1011-2004

"We will always remem

always be prepared, so~

W,e will always be proud . We will

f:nay;-always be free ."

- Ronald Reagan

January 1.6, 1984

Address to the Nation