1Ground-Based ApplicationsField results from published studies that measured deposition ofmaterials applied by ultra lowvolume equipment for control ofadult mosquitoesfrom trucks. ND = Not Detected.Pyrethrins – truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimesampledProduct Reference Sample Type NotesND 1 hrPyrocide Jensen et al. 1999 Water column No significant mortality in caged mosquito larvae,mosquitofish or invertebrates sampled(20 ppb detection limit)Ave 4.90-33.1 ppbAfter Spray #5Ave 3.20-34.5 ppb afterspray # 11w/in 12 hr Pyrenone25-5Lawler et. al, 2008 Sediment only 23 & 33 ppb in 2 of 6 tanks after spray #534.5 ppb in 1 of 6 tanks after spray #11No accumulation of pyrethrins in water or sedimentPermethrin– truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimesampledProduct Reference Sample Type NotesND @ 20 cmND2-4 hrs12 hrsPermanone Pierce et al, 2005 Filters onH2O SurfH2O column5.1 to 9.4 ppb in surface microlayer of canal but notdetected at 20 cmDroplet size not characterizedND 1 hrBiomist Jensen et al, 1999 Water column No significant mortality in caged mosquito larvae,mosquitofish or invertebrates sampledResmethrin - truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)Time Sampled Product Reference Sample Type NotesND 15 min to 2 hrs Scourge Abbene et al., 2005Water column 7 spray events at 5 sites2D phenothrin (Sumithrin) - truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimeSampledProduct Reference Sample Type Notes0.000001 ppb0 @ 1hr0@2hrImmed.1 hr2 hrAnvil Zulkowsky, 2005Water column 1.1 ng/L (ppt) immediately post applicationNo detect @ 1 hr post application in 2 other sites0-0.08 ppb w/in 12 hrsto 1 week ofapplication8 biwklyapplicsproduct notnamedAmweg et al. 2006 Sediment Peak sedimentconc were fourfold below effectivesynergistic concentrationColusa MAD sprays 20040.000001 ppb0 @ 1hrImmed. Anvil Zulkowsky, 2005No detected @ 1 hr post @ 2 other sites3PBO (with pyrethrins)- truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimeSampledProductReferenceSample TypeNotesAve 4.760-14.9 after spray#5Ave 0.370-2.55 after spray#11w/in 12 hr Pyrenone25-5Lawler et. al, 2008 Sediment only No accumulation of PBO in water or sedimentNo effects on survival ofDaphniaor mayfly larvaesentinelsAve 0.010-0.08 ppbND12 hrs post1 weekafter lastapplicPyrenone25-5Amweg et al 2006 Water 8 biwkly applics, no accumulationPBO detected in H2O after spray #2, #3, & #8 @0.04,0.06, 0.08 ppb on 3 of 18 samples takenreturned to baseline by 1 weekAve 0.3920 - 3.27ppbND12 hrs post1 week afterlast applicPyrenone25-5Amweg et al 2006 Sediment8 biwkly applics, no accumulationPBO detected in sediment after spray #6 & #7 @ 3,3.27 ppb in 2 of 18 samplesPeak sediment conc. were fourfold below effectivesynergistic conc.returned to baseline by 1 weekPBO (with resmethrin) - truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimeSampledProduct Reference Sample Type NotesAve 0.0036 ppb(range 0-0.017ppb)<1 to2 hrsScourge Abbene et al., 2005 Water column Testing after 7 application events in 5 sitesFor 5 out of 7 events,,no PBO detectable1 sample had 0.017 ppb @ 2 hrs postone had 0.008ppb @ 15 min post4Naled – truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimeSampledProduct Reference Sample Type Notes0.71 ppb peakND<1 hr12 hrsDibrom Tucker et al, 1987 Water columnNo mortality in copepods or fishNo detect @ 12 hrsMalathion – truck foggingField ResultsIn ppb(=μg/L)TimeSampledProduct Reference Sample Type Notes1.3 – 5 ppb 1-5 hrs Cythion Tucker et al, 1987 Water column6 ppb 1 hr Cythion Jensen et al, 1999 Water columnReferencesAbbene, I.J., S.C. Fisher, and S.A. Terracciano (U.S. Geological Survey). 2005. Concentrations of insecticides in selected surface water bodies inSuffolk County, New York, before and after mosquitospraying, 2002-04. Open-File Report 2005- 1384. New York, NY. 1-14.Amweg, EL, DP Weston, CS Johnson, J You and MJ Lydy. 2006. Effect ofpiperonyl butoxide on permethrin toxicity in the amphipodHyalellaazteca. Environmental Toxicologyand Chemistry 25 (7):1817-1825Jensen T, Lawler SP, Dritz DA. 1999. Effects of ultralow-volume pyrethrin, malathion, and permethrinon nontarget invertebrates, sentinelmosquitoes, and mosquitofish in seasonally impounded wetlands.J Am Mosq Control Assoc15:330–338.Lawler, S.P., D.A. Dritz, C.S. Johnson, and M. Wolder. 2008. Does synergized pyrethrin applied overwetlands for mosquito control affectDaphniamagnazooplankton orCallibaetis californicusmayflies?Pest Manag Sci64: 843-847.5Pierce, R.H., M.S. Henry, T.C. Blum, and E.M. Mueller. 2005. Aerialand tidal transport of mosquitocontrol pesticides into theFlorida KeysNational Marine Sanctuary. Revista De Biologia Tropical 53: 117-12Tucker, J.W., C.Q. Thompson, T.C. Wang, and R.A. Lenahan. 1987. Toxicity of organophosphorous insecticides to estuarine copepods and youngfish after field applications. Journal of the Florida Anti-Mosquito Association 58: 1-6.Zulkowsky, AM, J.P. Ruggieri, SA Terraciano, BJ Brownawell and AEMcElroy, 2005. Acute toxicityof resmethrin, malathion and methoprene tolarval and juvenile American lobsters (Homarusamericanus) and analysis of pesticide levels in surface waters after Scourge, Anvil, andAltosid application. Journal ofShellfish Research 24: 795-804.