# Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet Kentucky Division for Air Quality



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Appendix L.13 Summary of Kentucky BART Exemption and BART Determination Modeling

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# Summary of Kentucky BART Exemptio n and BART Determination Modeling Results For Kentucky BART-Eligible and BART-Subject Sources

June 2008

Kentucky BART Exemption Modeling:

Table 1-1. Summary of Visibility Results – for Duke Energy East Bend Station - Rabbit Hash, Kentucky – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (210 km) 0.197 (0, 0) 0.242 (0, 0) 0.227 (0, 0) 21.58 20% Best Days background b ext (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (210 km) 0.289 (0, 0) 0.354 (0, 0) 0.331 (0, 0) 14.7



### Table 1-2. Summary of Visibility Results- 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Owensboro Municipal Utilities (OMU) – Owensboro, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3)-Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (93 km) 0.432 (5, 0) 0.387 (4, 0) 0.400 (3, 0) 21.58 Mingo (289 km) 0.043 (0, 0) 0.048 (0, 0) 0.053 (0, 0) 21.03



### 1

### Table 1-3a. Summary of Visibility Results for AK Steel Corp.- Ashland, Kentucky – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.435 (0 0) 0.184 (0 0) 0.390 (0 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. 1 (308 km) 0.453 (0 0) 0.272 (0 0) 0.739 (2 0) 21.39

James River Face (295 km) 0.258 (0 0) 0.551 (1 0) 0.378 (0 0) 20.96 Linville Gorge (293) 0.562 (1 0) 0.284 (0 0) 0.279 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (261) 0.551 (1 0) 0.243 (0 0) 0.464 (0 0) 21.14

1 

### The Great Smokey Mountains Class I Area is over 300 km from the source and was included for completeness.



### Table 1-3b. Summary of Visibility Results for AK Steel Corp. – Ashland, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-5) –- Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.205 (0 0) 0.346 (0 0) 0.263 (0 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. (308 km) 0.223 (0 0) 0.358 (0 0) 0.592 (1 0) 21.39 James River Face (295 km) 0.386 (0 0) 0323 (0 0) 0.251 (0 0) 20.96 Linville Gorge (293) 0.323 (0 0) 0.358 (0 0) 0.257 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (261) 0.266 (0 0) 0.442 (0 0) 0.298 (0 0) 21.14



### Table 1-3c. Visibility Results – 8 highest valu es for AK Steel Corp. – Ashland, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-5) –- Performed by TRC for VISTAS

2001 2002 2003

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 

### Change in Deciview (dv) Day Change in Deciview (dv) Day Change in Deciview (dv) Day Rank

Great Smokey Mt. 1 (308 km) 

### 0.223 0.217 0.206 0.203 0.187 0.184 0.151 0.145 Aug 14 Feb 28 Sep 14 Jun 9 Apr 26 Jun 10 Sep 5 Sep 11 0.358 0.222 0.212 0.192 0.171 0.165 0.151 0.147 Oct 21 Jul 16 Oct 22 Sep 24 Jul 2 Nov 16 Oct 27 Feb 24 0.592 0.401 0.321 0.316 0.235 0.224 0.199 0.190 Nov 7 Aug 9 Aug 10 Aug 8 May 27 Jun 23 Jun 24 Nov 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 

### The Great Smokey Mountains Class I Area is over 300 km from the source and was included for completeness.



### 2

### Table 1-4. Summary of Visibility Results for AK Steel Corp. - Coke Mfg Plant - Ashland, Kentucky – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (282 km) 0.122 (0 0) 0.067 (0 0) 0.180 (0 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. 1 (304 km) 0.092 (0 0) 0.093 (0 0) 0.262 (0 0) 21.39

James River Face (288 km) 0.177 (0 0) 0.153 (0 0) 0.182 (0 0) 20.96

Linville Gorge (287 km) 0.137 (0 0) 0.117 (0 0) 0.155 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (257 km) 0.191 (0 0) 0.095 (0 0) 0.208 (0 0) 21.14

1 

### The Great Smokey Mountains Class Area is over 300 km from the source and was only included for completeness.



### Table 1-5. Summary of Visibility Results for Ma rtin Co Coal Corp. – Inez, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods 1 (305 km) 0.068 (0 0) 0.038 (0 0) 0.066 (0 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. (226 km) 0.135 (0 0) 0.109 (0 0) 0.135 (0 0) 21.39 James River Face (265 km) 0.057 (0 0) 0.048 (0 0) 0.085 (0 0) 20.96 Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock (285 km) 0.121 (0 0) 0.085 (0 0) 0.103 (0 0) 21.40 Linville Gorge (207 km) 0.131 (0 0) 0.113 (0 0) 0.120 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (280 km) 0.070 (0 0) 0.040 (0 0) 0.077 (0 0) 21.14 Shining Rock (259 km) 0.103 (0 0) 0.080 (0 0) 0.086 (0 0) 21.40

1 

### The Dolly Sods Wilderness Area is over 300 km from the source and was only included for completeness.



### Table 1-6. Summary of Visibility Results fo r Pinnacle Processing Inc. – Debord, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) -– Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Great Smokey Mt. (235 km) 0.106 (0 0) 0.108 (0 0) 0.071 (0 0) 21.39

James River Face (262) 0.070 (0 0) 0.020 (0 0) 0.018 (0 0) 20.96 Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock (294 km) 0.017 (0 0) 0.050 (0 0) 0.053 (0 0) 21.40 Linville Gorge (214 km) 0.077 (0 0) 0.060 (0 0) 0.016 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (272 km) 0.007 (0 0) 0.015 (0 0) 0.015 (0 0) 21.14

Shining Rock (268 km) 0.021 (0 0) 0.008 (0 0) 0.009 (0 0) 21.40



### 3

### Table 1-7a. Summary of Visibility results for Arch Chemicals Inc. – Brandenburg, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (83 km) 0.984 (4 0) 1.213 (5 2) 1.293 (6 2) 21.58



### Table 1-7b. Summary of Visibility results fo r Arch Chemicals Inc. – Brandenburg, KY – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) –- Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (83 km) 0.801 (6 0) 0.968 (3 0) 1.196 (5 1) 21.58



### Table 1-7c. Visibility Results – 8 highest values for Arch Chemicals Inc. – Brandenburg, KY – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) –- Performed by TRC for VISTAS

2001 2002 2003

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 

### Change in Deciview (dv) Day Change in Deciview (dv) Day Change in Deciview (dv) Day Rank

Mammoth Cave (83 km) 

### 0.801 0.688 0.592 0.547 0.544 0.538 0.432 0.417 Jan 12 Jan 17 Oct 1 Dec 2 Sep 13 Oct 7 Jan 13 Feb 18 0.968 0.871 0.570 0.430 0.415 0.398 0.380 0.364 Oct 22 Oct 31 Nov 27 Apr 5 Jan 18 Feb 13 Feb 23 Nov 28 1.196 0.748 0.682 0.530 0.514 0.447 0.434 0.417 Dec 12 Dec 7 Feb 28 Apr 23 Jan 27 Oct 27 Aug 9 Oct 17 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8



### 4

### Table 1-8. Summary of Visibility Results for Commonwealth Aluminum Lewisport LLC – Lewisport, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (94 km) 0.453 (0 0) 0.338 (0 0) 0.489 (0 0) 21.58 Mingo 1 (304 km) 0.052 (0 0) 0.050 (0 0) 0.044 (0 0) 21.03

1 

### The Mingo Wilderness Area is over 300 km from th e source and was only included for completeness.



### Table 1-9. Summary of Visibility Results for Henderson Power and Light –Henderson, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (134 km) 0.302 (0 0) 0.243 (0 0) 0.268 (0 0) 21.58 Mingo (238 km) 0.075 (0 0) 0.084 (0 0) 0.071 (0 0) 21.03



### Table 1-10. Summary of Visibility Results for Ca lgon Carbon Corp – Ashland, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (284 km) 0.079 (0 0) 0.041 (0 0) 0.133 (0 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. (290 km) 0.086 (0 0) 0.077 (0 0) 0.191 (0 0) 21.39 James River Face (282 km) 0.098 (0 0) 0.081 (0 0) 0.097 (0 0) 20.96

Linville Gorge (273 km) 0.103 (0 0) 0.057 (0 0) 0.083 (0 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (259 km) 0.091 (0 0) 0.066 (0 0) 0.157 (0 0) 21.14



### 5

### Table 1-11. Summary of Visibility Results for Westlake Vinyls Inc – Calvert City, KY – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by TRC for VISTAS

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (183 km) 0.150 (0 0) 0.104 (0 0) 0.123 (0 0) 21.58 Mingo (156 km) 0.167 (0 0) 0.105 (0 0) 0.131 (0 0) 21.03 Sipsey 1 (309 km) 0.073 (0 0) 0.084 (0 0) 0.080 (0 0) 21.28

1 

### The Sipsey Wilderness Area is over 300 km from the source and was only included for completeness.



### 6

### Table 1-12a. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Century Aluminum – Hawesville, Kentucky – Refined Run 1 

### (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (100 km) 0.356 (3, 0) 0.222 (0, 0) 0.341 (6, 0) 21.58

1 

### Modeling results based on use of the new improve equation.



### Table 1-12b. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Century Aluminum – Hawesville, Kentucky – Refined Run 1 

### (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (100 km) 0.446 (5, 0) 0.273 (0, 0) 0.435 (7, 0) 21.58

1 

### Modeling results based on use of the default old improve equation.



### Table 1-13. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Alcan Primary Products Corporation – Sebree, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (118 km) 0.467 (6, 0) 0.294 (0, 0) 0.428 (3, 0) 21.58 Mingo (244 km) 0.110 (0, 0) 0.184 (0, 0) 0.184 (0, 0) 21.03



### 7

### Table 1-14a. Summary of Visibility Results for NewPage Corporation Wickliffe Paper Company - Wickliffe, Kentucky – Refined Run 1 

### (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (250 km) 0.058 (0, 0) 0.041 (0, 0) 0.043 (0, 0) 21.58 Mingo (91 km) 0.156 (0, 0) 0.125 (0, 0) 0.124 (0, 0) 21.03 Sipsey 2 (319 km) 0.033 (0, 0) 0.023 (0, 0) 0.027 (0, 0) 21.28

1 

### Modeling results based on use of the new improve equation. 2 

### The Sipsey Wilderness Area is over 300 km from the source and was only includ ed by the source for completeness.



### Table 1-14b. Summary of Visibility Results for NewPage Corporation Wickliffe Paper Company - Wickliffe, Kentucky – Refined Run 1 

### (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (250 km) 0.102 (0, 0) 0.073 (0, 0) 0.077 (0, 0) 21.58 Mingo (91 km) 0.291 (2, 0) 0.232 (1, 0) 0.237 (2, 0) 21.03 Sipsey 2 (319 km) 0.060 (0, 0) 0.043 (0, 0) 0.050 (0, 0) 21.28

1 

### Modeling results based on use of the default old improve equation. 2 

### The Sipsey Wilderness Area is over 300 km from the source and was only included by the source for completeness.



### 8

### Table 1-15. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Western Kentucky Energy Coleman Station – near Hawesville, Kentucky – Refined Run (4- km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (91 km) 0.368 (3, 0) 0.287 (1, 0) 0.274 (2, 0) 21.58



### Table 1-16. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 t h 

### Highest) for Western Kentucky Energy Reid/Henderson Statio n – Sebree, Kentucky – Refined Run 1 

### (4- km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (118 km) 0.464 (6, 0) 0.447 (6, 0) 0.397 (4, 0) 21.58 Mingo (244 km) 0.072 (0, 0) 0.071 (0, 0) 0.061 (0, 0) 21.03

1 

### Modeling results based on use of the new improve equation.



### Table 1-17. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for Western Kentucky Energy Green Station – near Hawesville, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext 1 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (118 km) 0.190 (1, 0) 0.181 (1, 0) 0.217 (0, 0) 21.58 Mingo (244 km) 0.032 (0, 0) 0.039 (0, 0) 0.035 (0, 0) 21.03



### 9

### Table 1-18a. Summary of Visibility Results fo r Marathon Petroleum Company Refinery at Catlettsburg, Kentucky – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.055 (0, 0) 0.035 (0, 0) 0.089 (0, 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. (293 km) 0.047 (0, 0) 0.042 (0, 0) 0.105 (0, 0) 21.39 James River Face (287 km) 0.048 (0, 0) 0.079 (0, 0) 0.069 (0, 0) 20.96

Linville Gorge (276 km) 0.034 (0, 0) 0.041 (0, 0) 0.058 (0, 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (261 km) 0.086 (0, 0) 0.044 (0, 0) 0.103 (0, 0) 21.14



### Table 1-18b. Summary of Visibility Results for Marathon Petroleum Company Refinery at Catlettsburg, Kentucky – Screening Run (12-km grid) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 20% Best Days background b ext (Mm -1 )

Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.081 (0, 0) 0.051 (0, 0) 0.130 (0, 0) 21.13 Great Smokey Mt. (293 km) 0.069 (0, 0) 0.062 (0, 0) 0.155 (0, 0) 21.39 James River Face (287 km) 0.070 (0, 0) 0.115 (0, 0) 0.101 (0, 0) 20.96

Linville Gorge (276 km) 0.051 (0, 0) 0.060 (0, 0) 0.085 (0, 0) 21.36

Otter Creek (261 km) 0.126 (0, 0) 0.064 (0, 0) 0.151 (0, 0) 21.14



### Table 1-19. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the E. ONBrown Station in Mercer County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130) km) 0.266 (1, 0) 0.410 (5, 0) 0.352 (2, 0) 21.58 Great Smokey Mt. (162 km) 0.210 (0, 0) 0.208 (0, 0) 0.172 (0, 0) 21.39 Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock (178 km) 0.153 (0, 0) 0.132 (0, 0) 0.095 (0, 0) 21.40



### 10

### Table 1-20. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the E. ON Cane Run Station in Jefferson County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130) km) 0.322 (2, 0) 0.355 (2, 0) 0.378 (3, 0) 21.58



### Table 1-21. Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the E. ON Ghent Station Station in Carroll County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130) km) 0.249 (0, 0) 0.229 (1, 0) 0.292 (0, 0) 21.58



### 11

# Kentucky Source BART Determination Modeling:

Table 1-22a. Before Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the East Kentucky Power Cooperative (EKPC) Spurlock Station 1 

### in Mason County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (251 km) 1.762 (26, 14 ) 1.624 (39, 20) 1.834 (34, 21) 21.58

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since this source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest).



### Table 1-22b. With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the East Kentucky Power Cooperative (EKPC) Spurlock Station 1 

### in Mason County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (251 km) 0.213 (0, 0) 0.201 (0, 0) 0.212 (1, 0) 21.58

1 

### Per the source BART Determination Modeling, the above results reflect a Wet FGD scrubber and Wet ESP controls to be installed on EKPC Spurlock Units 1 and 2 for BART and per applicable provisions of the EKPC consent decree. These controls will address condensible and directly emitted visibility impairing pollutants.



### 12

### Table 1-23a. Before Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the East Kentucky Power Cooperative (EKPC) Cooper Station 1 

### in Pulaski County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130) km) 5.810 (58, 48) 7.376 (68, 51) 6.749 (47, 40) 21.58 Great Smokey Mt. (162 km) 6.763 (117, 89) 5.966 (103, 79) 5.662 (97, 71) 21.39 Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock (178 km) 4.974 (79, 53) 4.248 (74, 51) 2.781 (64, 44) 21.40 Cohutta (221 km) 3.192 (60, 44) 3.363 (66, 36) 2.317 (63, 45) 21.40 Shinning Rock (233 km) 2.022 (53, 35) 1.565 (39, 19) 1.804 (50, 27) 21.40 Linville Gorge (267 km) 1.778 (43, 21) 1.599 (38, 16) 1.885 (50, 24) 21.36

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since this source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest).



### Table 1-23b. With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the East Kentucky Power Cooperative (EKPC) Cooper Station 1 

### in Pulaski County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 2002 2003 Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130) km) 0.195 (0, 0) 0.251 (0, 0) 0.252 (1, 0) 21.58 Great Smokey Mt. (162 km) 0.219 (0, 0) 0.162 (0, 0) 0.154 (0, 0) 21.39 Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock (178 km) 0.118 (0, 0) 0.122 (0, 0) 0.079 (0, 0) 21.40 Cohutta (221 km) 0.087 (0, 0) 0.073 (0, 0) 0.060 (0, 0) 21.40 Shinning Rock (233 km) 0.049 (0, 0) 0.036 (0, 0) 0.041 (0, 0) 21.40 Linville Gorge (267 km) 0.031 (0, 0) 0.037 (0, 0) 0.046 (0, 0) 21.36

1 

### Per the source BART Determination, the above resu lts reflect a Wet FGD scrubber and Wet ESP controls to be installed on EKPC Cooper Units 1 and 2 for BART and per applicable provisions of the EKPC consent decree. These controls will address cond ensible and directly emitted visibility impairing pollutants.



### 13

### Table 1-24a. TVA Unit 1-3, Exemption Modeling - Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the TVA Paradise Fossil Plant 1 

### in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source

Class I Area 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Unit 1-3 Base Case 1 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (63 km) 3.62 (101, ) 3.45 (76, ) 3.93 (96, ) - 21.58 Mingo (283 km) 0.565 (9, ) 0.865 (22, ) 0.547 (39, ) - 21.03

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since this source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest).



### Table 1-24b. TVA Unit 1, No Control Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the TVA Paradise Fossil Plant 1 

### in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source

Class I Area 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Unit 1 Base Case - No Control 2 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (63 km) 1.203 (41, 14) 1. 192 (33, 11) 1.285 (36, 14) 2.654 21.58 Mingo (283 km) 0.167 (0, 0) 0.251 (0, 0) 0.149 (0, 0) 0.419 21.03

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since th e source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest). 2 

### For the BART determination analysis, TVA performed BART runs for Unit 1, which is considered repres entative of Unit 2, since the units have similar design and operating parameters. Therefore, the above re sults for Unit 1 with no new controls are considered applicable for Unit 2.



### Table 1-24c. TVA Unit 1 1 

### , With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the TVA Paradise Fossil Plant in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source

Class I Area 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Unit 1 with Lime Injection 1 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 )

Mammoth Cave (63 km) 0.567 (12, 2) 0. 567 (8, 0) 0.606 (13, 1) 1.307 21.58 Mingo (283 km) 0.077 (0, 0) 0.116 (0, 0) 0.069 (0, 0) 0.195 21.03

1 

### Per the source BART Determination, the above results reflect hydrated lime injection controls on Unit 1, which is considered applicable to Unit 2, since the units have similar design and operating parameters. Since TVA had previously indicated to the KYDAQ its plans to install hydrated lime injection controls on TVA Paradise Units 1-3 to mitigate opacity due to SO3 emissions and that additional controls are not costeffective at this time, the KYDAQ has determined BA RT to be no control for TVA Paradise Units 1-3.



### 14

### Table 1-24d. TVA Unit 3, No Control Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the TVA Paradise Fossil Plant 1 

### in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source

Class I Area 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Unit 3 Base Case- No Control 2 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (63 km) 0.1.740 (60, 32) 1.624 (38, 22) 1.842 (53,22) 3.339 21.58 Mingo (283 km) 0.273 (2, 0) 0.381 (3, 0) 0.239 (1, 0) 0.670 21.03

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since th e source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest). TVA went on to BART determination modeling once it determined that it could not be exempted from BART (>0.5 dv). 2 

### For the BART determination analysis, TVA performed BART runs for Unit 3. The above run for Unit 3 is without any new control.



### Table 1-24e. TVA Unit 3 1 

### , With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for the TVA Paradise Fossil Plant in Muhlenberg County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source

Class I Area 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Unit 3 with Lime Injection 1 Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 )

Mammoth Cave (63 km) 0.790 (21, 3) 0.726 (19, 3) 0.836 (18, 3) 1.575 21.58 Mingo (283 km) 0.118 (0, 0) 0.166 (0, 0) 0.104 (0, 0) 0.294 21.03

1 

### Per the source BART Determination, the above results reflect hydrated lime injection controls on Unit 3. Since TVA had previously indicated to the KYDAQ its plans to install hydrated lime injection controls on TVA Paradise Units 1-3 to mitigate opacity due to SO3 emissions and that additional controls are not costeffective at this time, the KYDAQ has determined BA RT to be no control for TVA Paradise Units 1-3.



### 15

### Table 1-25a. No Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for American Electric Power Big Sandy Plant 1 

### at Louisa, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-5) – Performed by the Source

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 98 th Percentile Vaue 2002 98 th Percentile Vaue 2003 98 th Percentile Vaue Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.834 (24, 4) 0. 999 (28, 7) 1.027 (32, 9) 1.838 21.13 James River Face (287 km) 0.999 (44, 7) 1. 052 (32, 8) 0.930 (38, 6) 1.990 20.96

Linville Gorge (276 km) 0.835 (17, 6) 0.613 (14, 3) 0.625 (10, 3) 1.676 21.36

Otter Creek (261 km) 0.985 (33, 7) 1.183 (39, 15) 1.285 (39, 16) 2.134 21.14

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since this source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest).



### Table 1-25b. With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for American Electric Power Big Sandy Plant 1 

### at Louisa, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-5) – Performed by Source

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 98 th Percentile Value 2002 98 th Percentile Value 2003 98 th Percentile Value Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.588 (14, 2) 0. 701 (16, 0) 0.740 (20, 1) 1.334 21.13 James River Face (287 km) 0.679 (17, 1) 0.708 (14, 3) 0.629 (17, 1) 1.389 20.96

Linville Gorge (276 km) 0.541 (9, 3) 0.391 (5, 0) 0.403 (5, 1) 1.092 21.36

Otter Creek (261 km) 0.666 (16, 2) 0.781 (26, 3) 0.886 (22, 3) 1.435 21.14

1 

### Per the source BART Determination, the above re sults reflect the source recommended ammonia (NH3) injection controls on Units 1 and 2 to be installed for BART address condensible particulates. However, with the recent AEP consent decr ee, AEP will be installing a FGD sc rubber on Unit 2 on or before December 31, 2015. The installation of a FGD on Unit 2 will result in even better visibility improvement and the likely control for BART will be ammonia inj ection on Unit 1 and the FGD scrubber on Unit 2 ( See Table 1-25c for modeling results for these controls ).



### 16

### Table 1-25c. With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for American Electric Power Big Sandy Plant 1 

### at Louisa, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-5) – Performed by Source

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 98 th Percentile Value 2002 98 th Percentile Value 2003 98 th Percentile Value Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (dv) (Mm -1 ) Dolly Sods (287 km) 0.403 (3, 0) 0.428 (6, 0) 0.496 (5, 0) 0.872 21.13 James River Face (287 km) 0.432 (2, 0) 0.407 (4, 1) 0.457 (5, 0) 1.133 20.96

Linville Gorge (276 km) 0.364 (2, 0) 0.309 (3, 0) 0.241 (1, 0) 0.771 21.36

Otter Creek (261 km) 0.447 (6, 1) 0.588 (8, 0) 0.552 (10, 0) 1.122 21.14

1 

### Per the source BART Determination and AEP consen t decree, the above results reflect ammonia (NH3) injection controls on Unit 1 and a FGD scrubber control on Unit 2. With the recent consent decree, this is the planned control scenario for BART. These cont rols will address condensible and directly emitted visibility impairing emissions.



### Table 1-26a. Before Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for E. ON U.S. Mill Creek Facility 1 

### in Jefferson County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 98 th Percentile Value 2002 98 th Percentile Value 2003 98 th Percentile Value Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (90 km) 2.016 (55, 29) 2. 265 (65, 40) 2.220 (63, 40) 3.943 21.58

1 

### BART Determination Modeling was required since this source exceeded the 0.5 dv threshold for the 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest).



### Table 1-26b. With BART Determination Controls Applied, Summary of Visibility Results for 98 th 

### Percentile Value (8 th 

### Highest) for E. ON U.S. Mill Creek Facility 1 

### in Jefferson County, Kentucky – Refined Run (4-km grid, Subdomain-3) – Performed by Source Contractor

Class I Area (Est. Distance from Source) 2001 98 th Percentile Value 2002 98 th Percentile Value 2003 98 th Percentile Value Highest 1 st Max value over 3-year

period Annual average background b ext Maximum delta-deciview, (# days>0.5 dv, # days >1 dv) (Mm -1 ) Mammoth Cave (130 km) 1.282 (35, 17) 1, 440 (46, 20) 1.456 (45, 20) 2.670 21.58

1 

### Per the source BART Determination Modeling, the abov e results reflect sorbent injection controls to be installed on the larger Mill Creek Units 3 and 4 to a ddress condensible particulate emissions for BART.



### 17