DOE/EIA-0584 (2001) 

 

Annual Coal Report 

2001 

Energy Information Administration 

Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric, and Alternate Fuels 

U.S. Department of Energy 

Washington, DC 20585 

_____________________________________________________________________________ 

This report is available on the Web at: 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/acr/acr.pdf

_____________________________________________ 

This report was prepared by the Energy Information Administration, the independent statistical and analytical 

agency within the U.S. Department of Energy. The information contained herein should be not be construed as 

advocating or reflecting any policy position of the Department of Energy or any other organization. 
ii Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Contacts 

This publication was prepared by Fred Freme under the 

direction of Betsy O’Brien, Director, Coal, Nuclear, and 

Renewables Fuels Division, Office of Coal, Nuclear, 

Electric and Alternate Fuels within the Energy 

Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. 

Specific information about the data in this report can be 

obtained from Fred Freme at (202) 287-1740, or e-mail 

at Frederick.Freme@eia.doe.gov. Other questions on 

coal statistics should be directed to the National Energy 

Information Center at (202) 586-8800 or e-mail at 

infoctr@eia.doe.gov.
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 iii

Preface 

Annual Coal Report (ACR) provides information about 

U.S. coal production, number of mines, prices, 

productivity, employment, productive capacity, and 

recoverable reserves to a wide audience, including 

Congress, Federal and State agencies, the coal industry, 

and the general public. This report is published by the 

Energy Information Administration (EIA) to fulfill data 

collection and dissemination responsibilities as specified 

in the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 

(Public Law 93-275), as amended. 

This report presents annual data on coal production, 

prices, recoverable reserves, employment, productivity, 

and productive capacity. U.S. coal production, 

employment, and productivity are based on the U.S. 

Department of Labor’s Mine Safety and Health 

Administration’s Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine 

Employment and Coal Production Report.” Prices, 

recoverable reserves, and productive capacity are based 

on EIA’s annual survey form, EIA-7A, “Coal Production 

Report.” 

This report is the 26th annual report on coal production 

published by EIA and continues the series formerly 

included in the Minerals Yearbook published by the 

Bureau of Mines. 

The Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels 

acknowledges the cooperation of the respondents in 

supplying the information published in the Annual Coal 

Report and appreciates the valuable assistance of State 

coal mining agencies; the U.S. Department of the 

Interior: the Bureau of Land Management, the Minerals 

Management Service; and the U.S. Department of Labor: 

the Mine Safety and Health Administration. 
iv Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Notice 

This is the first issue of the Annual Coal Report (ACR) 

and as such the audience needs to be aware of certain 

changes to the methodology used to calculate specific 

data items. This notice will provide to the reader 

explanations of these changes. 

The Energy Information Administration had historically 

not included any bituminous coal refuse recovery data in 

its annual coal production totals. It had included 

anthracite coal refuse recovery in the anthracite 

production totals. This policy was a continuation of the 

methodology used by the Bureau of Mines prior to the 

inception of the U.S. Department of Energy, Energy 

Information Administration (EIA). Starting with the 

2001 coal production data, EIA will be including all 

clean coal refuse recovery in a separate category, 

regardless of coal rank. As a result of this change, some 

of the tables in this issue will show no data for refuse 

recovery in 2000. In future issues, refuse recovery data 

will be provided for both years. 

There is also a change in the methodology in calculating 

the number of employees and productivity. Historically, 

EIA had not included in either employment or 

productivity totals any data from mines that annually 

produced less than 10, 000 short tons. In this issue of the 

ACR, the employment and productivity totals will 

include these mines. As a consequence, the 2000 data 

shown in this publication may not match what had been 

published in the Coal Industry Annual 2000. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 v

Contents 

Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 1

Coal Production........................................................................................................................................................................ 7

Productive Capacity ............................................................................................................................................................... 23

Recoverable Reserves............................................................................................................................................................. 27

Employment ........................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Productivity ............................................................................................................................................................................ 39

Domestic Markets .................................................................................................................................................................. 47

F.O.B. Mine Sales Price ......................................................................................................................................................... 51

Consumer Prices..................................................................................................................................................................... 61

Glossary.................................................................................................................................................................................. 63
vi Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 vii

Tables 

1. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type, 2001-2000 ................................................................. 8

2. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 2001.......................................................... 10

3. Underground Coal Production by State and Mining Method, 2001............................................................................... 14

4. Coal Production by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 2001 ...................................................................................... 15

5. Coal Production and Coalbed Thickness by Major Coalbeds and Mine Type, 2001..................................................... 16

6. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2001 ......................................................................... 17

7. Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Status, 2001..................................................................................... 18

8. Coal Disposition by State, 2001..................................................................................................................................... 19

9. Coal Mining Acreage, Production and Royalties from Federal and American Indian Leases by State, 2001 ............... 20

10. Major U.S. Coal Mines, 2001 ........................................................................................................................................ 21

11. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2001 .................................................................................................................................. 22

12. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 2001, 2000.............................................................................................. 24

13. Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State, 2001, 2000.............................................................................................. 25

14. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining Method, 2001......... 26

15. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Percentage at Producing Mines by State, 2001, 2000 .................................. 28

16. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines, Estimated Recoverable Reserves, and Demonstrated Reserve 

Base by Mining Method, 2001....................................................................................................................................... 29

17. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Underground Coal Mines by State and 

Mining Method, 2001 .................................................................................................................................................... 30

18. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine Production 

Range and Mine Type, 2001 .......................................................................................................................................... 31

19. Average Number of Employees by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000 .......................................................................... 34

20. Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Mine Production Range, 2001....... 35

21. Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Union Status, 2001 ........................ 37

22. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000.................................................................................... 40

23. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method, 2001................................................................ 42

24. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 2001..................................................... 43

25. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Status, 2001...................................................................... 45

26. Coal Consumers in the Manufacturing and Coke Sectors, 2001.................................................................................... 48

27. U.S. Coal Consumption by End Use Sector, by Census Division and State, 2001, 2000 .............................................. 49

28. Year-End Coal Stocks by End-Use Sector, by Census Division, 2001, 2000................................................................ 50

29. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000.......................................................... 52

30. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Underground Mining Method, 2001...................................... 53

31. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines, 2001 .......................................... 54

32. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Coal Rank, 2001 .................................................................... 58

33. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by Mine Production Range and Mine Type, 2001...................................... 59

34. Average Sales Price of U.S. Coal by State and Disposition, 2001................................................................................. 60

35. Average Price of Coal Delivered to End Use Sector by Census Division and State, 2001, 2000 .................................. 62
viii Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 1

Executive Summary 

Coal production increased to a record level in 2001 

according to data from the Energy Information Administration. Production in 2001 rose by 5 percent from 

2000 to 1,127.7 million short tons (Table ES1), 

surpassing the prior record level of 1,117.5 million short 

tons set in 1998. Overall coal consumption declined by 2 

percent in 2001. The additional production was used to 

replenish the depleted stockpiles that had resulted after 2 

years of declining coal production and increasing coal 

consumption. 

Driven by the electric power industry—the impetus of all 

coal production—coal consumption in 2001 in the 

United States totaled 1,060.8 million short tons, 23.3 

million short tons lower than in 2000. The electric power 

industry used 965.1 million short tons of coal, 91 percent 

of total U.S. consumption. Coal-based electric power 

accounted for 51 percent of total electric generation. A 

decrease of 20.7 million short tons in coal consumed to 

generate electricity between 2000 and 2001 was for the 

most part a response to the milder-than-normal weather 

across most of the country and to the slowdown in the 

U.S. economy during the year. Coal use in the nonelectricity sector declined somewhat from 2000 level. 

The total sector declined by 2.4 percent to a total of 95.8 

million short tons. 

Year-end coal stocks in 2001 increased in both the consuming and producing sectors. Consumer stocks 

increased by 37.8 million short tons, replacing much of 

the stock decrease experienced in 2000, while producer 

and distributor stocks rose by 4.0 million short tons. 

In response to the tight supply market during the year, 

the delivered price of coal to most sectors reversed the 

downward trend that started more than a decade ago. On 

an annual basis, the average price per ton of coal 

delivered to utilities rose by 2 percent in 2001, the price 

of coking coal increased by 5 percent, while the price of 

coal in other industrial sector increased by 3 percent. 

Production 

Coal production in 2001 totaled 1,127.7 million short 

tons, rising 5 percent from 2000 (Figure ES1 and Table 

ES1). The increase of 54.1 million short tons in 

production was fueled primarily by a replenishment in 

coal stocks. In a departure from the trend of the past 

several years, production levels in all regions increased 

(Table ES2). 

Even with the increase in production in 2001, there were 

several issues that had a dampening effect on the total 

coal production level. Labor shortages, equipment 

problems, geological problems, permitting and bonding 

issues, legal issues, and weather related phenomena all 

played a role in influencing the amount of coal mined in 

2001. Labor shortages of qualified experienced workers, 

particularly in the East and to some extent in the Powder 

River Basin (the Powder River Basin is an area of thick 

subbituminous coal fields encompassing parts of 

northeastern Wyoming and southeastern Montana), 

added to some companies’ production problems. In some 

cases, equipment problems occurred as companies 

delayed regularly scheduled maintenance to continue 

providing coal in times of tight supplies. 

Geological problems including sandstone intrusions in 

some underground mines slowed production, particularly 

in Appalachia and to a lesser extent in the West. The 

bonding problems experienced in 2001 were a result of 

financial problems at some of the insurance companies 

that provide reclamation bonds for mines. A few of these 

companies were declared insolvent for insurance 

purposes and, as a consequence, some mining companies 

had to scramble to replace the bonds or face closure of 

their mines. 

The suspension of the issuing of Section 404 water 

permits by the Army Corp of Engineers in early October 

caused some permitting problems. These general permits 

are required before existing operations can move into 

new mining areas, or before a new mine can open, 

thereby delaying coal production that might have 

otherwise entered the marketplace. Weather-related 

issues also affected the production level as floods 

impacted both transportation (spring floods of the upper 

Mississippi) and production (summer floods in southern 

West Virginia). Milder temperatures over portions of the 

United States during the year helped to keep electricity 

demand down. 
2 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table ES1. U.S. Coal Supply, Disposition, and Prices, 2000-2001 

 (Million Short Tons and Nominal Dollars per Short Ton) 

Item 2000 2001 

Production by Region 

 Appalachian 419.4 431.2 

 Interior 143.5 146.9 

 Western 510.7 547.9 

 Refuse Recovery 0.0 1.8 

 Total 1,073.6 1,127.7 

Consumption by Sector 

 Electric Power 985.8 965.1 

 Coke Plants 28.9 26.1 

 Other Industrial Plants 65.2 65.3 

 Residential/Commercial 4.1 4.4 

 Total 1,084.1 1,060.8 

Year-End Coal Stocks 

 Electric Power 102.0 138.5 

 Coke Plants 1.5 1.5 

 Other Industrial Plants 4.6 6.0 

 Producers/Distributors 31.9 35.9 

 Total 140.0 181.9 

 

Average Delivered Price 

 Electric Utilities $24.28 $24.68 

 Coke Plants $44.38 $46.42 

 Other Industrial Plants $31.46 $32.26 

 __________________________________________________________________________________ 

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Sum of stock changes and consumption 

may not equal production, primarily because the supply and disposition data are obtained from different surveys. 

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Annual Coal Report 2001, tables 1; 27; 28; and 35; DOE/EIA-0584(2001) 

(Washington, DC, April 2003). 

Appalachian Region 

Although geological and other production-related 

problems plagued some of the mines in the region, coal 

production in the Appalachian Region was 431.2 million 

short tons in 2001, an increase of 2.8 percent. Over 70 

percent of the 11.8-million-short-ton increase in 2001 

was accounted for by the two major coal producing 

States in the region—Eastern Kentucky and West 

Virginia. Coal production in West Virginia, the largest 

coal producing State in the region, rose by 4.2 million 

short tons (2.6 percent) to a level of 162.4 million short 

tons. Even though coal production increased slightly in 

West Virginia in 2001, it was still constrained in part by 

a lawsuit that had been brought by an environmental 

group in Federal court involving mountaintop removal 

and valley fills. Although the legal controversy was 

seemingly resolved with a circuit court ruling that the 

original suit should have been filed in State court, the 

finding has been appealed. Eastern Kentucky’s 

production rose by 4.2 million short tons to end the year 

at 109.1 million short tons. In 2001, Pennsylvania 

produced 74.1 million short tons, about the same as in 

the previous year. Ohio, the fourth largest coal 

producing State in the Appalachian Region, reversed a 3-

year declining trend by increasing coal production by 3.1 

million short tons to reach 25.4 million short tons in 

2001. Alabama, Maryland and Tennessee had slight 

increases in their coal production in 2001, while Virginia 

had a slight decrease. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 3

Figure ES1. Coal Production by Coal-Producing Region, 2001 

(Million Short Tons and Percent Change from 2000; Regional totals do not include refuse recovery.) 

U.S. Total: 1,127.7 Million Short Tons (5%)

Interior

146.9

(2.3%)

Western

547.9

(7.3%)

Appalachian

431.2

(2.8%)

 

Source: Energy Information Administration, Annual Coal Report 2001, table 1; 

DOE/EIA-0584(2001) (Washington, DC, April 2003). 

Interior Region 

The Interior Region increased coal production in 2001 by 

3.4 million short tons (3 percent) to a level of 146.9 

million short tons, reversing a 4-year downward trend. 

Reflecting the opening of four new mines in 2001 in 

Indiana, as well as the first full year of production by 

four other coal mines in the State, the greatest increase 

(31 percent) in tonnage in the Interior Region, was 

registered by Indiana. Indiana accounted for the entire 

increase in the Interior Region offsetting a decline in 

production in Texas, the largest coal-producing State in 

the region. Indiana’s increase of 8.7 million short tons 

was almost double the decline in production of 4.5 

million short tons in Texas. 

Coal production in Western Kentucky dropped by 1.1 

million short tons (4 percent) in 2001, while production 

in Illinois increased marginally by 1 percent. Coal 

production in Texas decreased by 9 percent to 45.0 

million short tons. The decline in Texas coal production 

reflects the continuing displacement of State-produced 

lignite by Powder River Basin coal at several electric 

generating facilities in the State. All other States in the 

Interior Region fluctuated slightly from their respective 

2000 levels. 

Western Region 

Although some of the regularly scheduled maintenance 

in the region had been postponed, resulting in some 

equipment failure in 2001, coal production in the 

Western Region still increased by 37.2 million short tons 

to 547.9 million short tons (7 percent). Coal production 

in this region, as well as in the entire United States, was 

dominated by Wyoming, which accounted for two-thirds 

of the regional production and almost one third of total 

U.S. production in 2001. Wyoming produced 368.7 

million short tons of coal—less than 0.5 percent less than 

the next three largest coal-producing States combined 

(West Virginia, Kentucky, and Pennsylvania). In 2001, 

Wyoming, continuing a 9-year trend of increasing coal 

production, grew by 29.8 million short tons (9 percent). 

The continued penetration of Powder River Basin coal 

into the eastern electric power markets has helped to 

drive Wyoming production to record levels for another 

year as shown by deliveries of Wyoming coal into West 

Virginia for testing in utility boilers in 2001. Even 

though Wyoming had another record year of coal 

production in 2001, coal transportation problems out of 

the Powder River Basin arose regarding the use of joint 

rail lines by the two Class 1 railroads out of the area. Due 
4 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

to the large amount of coal transported from the Powder 

River Basin by rail over a joint-rail line, scheduling 

conflicts occurred for the use of the line by Burlington 

Northern and the Union Pacific. 

Montana, the second leading coal producing State in the 

Western Region, had an increase in production of 0.7 

million short tons, resulting in a total of 39.1 million 

short tons, about 11 percent of Wyoming’s production 

level. With the exception of slight declines in coal 

production for Alaska and North Dakota (0.1 million 

short tons and 0.8 million short tons, respectively) 

production levels in the other States in the Western 

Region increased in 2001. 

Colorado produced 33.4 million short tons, an increase 

of 15 percent, as the West Elk mine recovered from a fire 

it experienced in 2000. New Mexico registered an 

increase of 2.3 million short tons in 2001 (8 percent), as 

production began at a new underground mine and the 

problems experienced in the State in 2000 (localized 

miners strike and equipment problems) did not reoccur. 

Both Arizona and Utah had increases in coal production 

of 0.3 million short tons or 2 percent and 1 percent, 

respectively. 

Consumption 

Coal consumption in the United States in 2001 decreased 

23.3 million short tons to a level of 1,060.8 million short 

tons (Table ES1). More than 91 percent of all coal was 

consumed in the electric power sector. The 965.1 

million short tons of coal consumed in this sector were 

used to produce 51 percent of all electricity generated in 

the United States. 

Two factors affected the decline in coal consumption for 

power generation in 2001. The decrease of 20.7 million 

short tons for the generation of electricity was in part a 

result of a slowdown in the national economy in 2001. 

The other factor affecting the lower level of consumption 

was the milder than normal weather experienced over 

many portions of the country. With the exception of the 

Pacific Census Division, all other Census Divisions had 

experienced warmer winter weather in 2001. Two of the 

five Census Divisions that rely on coal for a large portion 

of total electricity generation, the South Atlantic and the 

Mountain Census Divisions, experienced milder weather 

during the year. The South Atlantic experienced a 

decrease in heating-degree days of 9 percent relative to 

2000, while the Mountain Census Division had a decline 

of 4 percent in heating-degree days. Another Census 

Division that is somewhat less dependent on coal-based 

generation, the West South Central, also experienced 

milder weather during 2001 with a 5-percent decline in 

heating-degree days. 

These drops in heating-degree days accounted for about 

8.8 million short tons of 20.7 million short tons decline 

of coal consumption for electric generation. Overall coal 

use in the non-electric power sector also declined in 

2001. The two largest of the three categories in this 

sector decreased in their respective coal consumption. 

Coal consumption in the residential and commercial 

sector increased slightly, while consumption by coke 

plants declined and consumption at other industrial 

plants decreased. 

Coal consumed at coke plants decreased in 2001 by 2.9 

million short tons, a decline of 10 percent, as one of the 

coking plants in the country closed at the end of the third 

quarter. U.S. producers of coal coke experienced 

significant financial problems during 2001, with one 

producer filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and another 

placing its coke ovens up for sale. In 2001, other 

industrial coal consumption was 65.3 million short tons, 

essentially unchanged from the prior year. 

Coal Prices

Overall, coal prices on an annual basis reversed the 

downward trend of the past several years. As a result of 

the tight coal supply market, there were increasing prices 

for most of the consuming sectors. The average price of 

utility coal on a delivered basis increased by 2 percent 

for an annual average of $24.68 per short ton (123.5 

cents per million Btu). Coking coal prices rose to $46.42 

per short ton, a 5-percent increase over the 2000 price. 

The price of other industrial steam coal was higher by 3 

percent in 2001 with an annual average price of $32.26 

per short ton. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 5

Table ES2. U.S. Coal Production by Coal-Producing Region and State, 2000-2001 

 (Million Short Tons) 

Coal-Producing Region 

and State 2000 2001 

Appalachian Total 419.4 431.2 

 Alabama 19.3 19.4 

 Kentucky, Eastern 104.9 109.1 

 Maryland 4.5 4.6 

 Ohio 22.3 25.4 

 Pennsylvania Total 74.6 74.1 

 Anthracite 4.6 1.5 

 Bituminous 70.0 72.7 

 Tennessee 2.7 3.3 

 Virginia 32.8 32.8 

 West Virginia Total 158.3 162.4 

 Northern 37.6 38.2 

 Southern 120.7 124.2 

 

Interior Total 143.5 146.9 

 Arkansas * * 

 Illinois 33.4 33.8 

 Indiana 28.0 36.7 

 Kansas 0.2 0.2 

 Kentucky, Western 25.8 24.7 

 Louisiana 3.7 3.7 

 Mississippi 0.9 0.6 

 Missouri 0.4 0.4 

 Oklahoma 1.6 1.7 

 Texas 49.5 45.0 

 

Western Total 510.7 547.9 

 Alaska 1.6 1.5 

 Arizona 13.1 13.4 

 Colorado 29.1 33.4 

 Montana 38.4 39.1 

 New Mexico 27.3 29.6 

 North Dakota 31.3 30.5 

 Utah 26.7 27.0 

 Washington 4.3 4.6 

 Wyoming 338.9 368.7 

 

Refuse Recovery 0.0 1.8 

U.S. Total 1,073.6 1,127.7 

________________________________________________________________________ 

* = Less than 50,000 short tons. 

Note: Totals may not equal the sum of the components due to independent rounding. 

Sources: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment 

and Coal Production Report." 
6 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 7

Coal Production 
8 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 1. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type, 2001-2000 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Percent Change Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

Alabama.................................................... 40 19,364 42 19,324 -4.8 0.2

 Underground........................................... 10 15,172 9 15,895 11.1 -4.5

 Surface .................................................... 30 4,192 33 3,430 -9.1 22.2

Alaska........................................................ 1 1,514 1 1,641 - -7.7

 Surface .................................................... 1 1,514 1 1,641 - -7.7

Arizona...................................................... 2 13,418 2 13,111 - 2.3

 Surface .................................................... 2 13,418 2 13,111 - 2.3

Arkansas ................................................... 3 14 3 12 - 23.5

 Underground........................................... 1 1 - - - -

 Surface .................................................... 2 13 3 12 -33.3 14.9

Colorado ................................................... 13 33,372 12 29,137 8.3 14.5

 Underground........................................... 8 23,547 8 19,982 - 17.8

 Surface .................................................... 5 9,825 4 9,155 25.0 7.3

Illinois........................................................ 20 33,783 18 33,444 11.1 1.0

 Underground........................................... 13 28,112 12 29,642 8.3 -5.2

 Surface .................................................... 7 5,671 6 3,802 16.7 49.2

Indiana...................................................... 33 36,738 30 27,965 10.0 31.4

 Underground........................................... 6 7,191 5 3,688 20.0 95.0

 Surface .................................................... 27 29,546 25 24,277 8.0 21.7

Kansas....................................................... 1 176 1 201 - -12.4

 Surface .................................................... 1 176 1 201 - -12.4

Kentucky................................................... 467 133,834 408 130,688 14.5 2.4

 Underground........................................... 264 80,896 246 80,177 7.3 0.9

 Eastern..................................................... 440 109,098 382 104,901 15.2 4.0

 Underground........................................... 253 61,836 234 59,787 8.1 3.4

 Surface .................................................... 187 47,262 148 45,114 26.4 4.8

 Western.................................................... 27 24,736 26 25,787 3.8 -4.1

 Underground........................................... 11 19,061 12 20,390 -8.3 -6.5

 Surface .................................................... 16 5,676 14 5,397 14.3 5.2

 Surface .................................................... 203 52,938 162 50,511 25.3 4.8

Louisiana .................................................. 2 3,715 2 3,699 - 0.4

 Surface .................................................... 2 3,715 2 3,699 - 0.4

Maryland .................................................. 15 4,644 16 4,546 -6.3 2.2

 Underground........................................... 3 3,245 2 3,196 50.0 1.5

 Surface .................................................... 12 1,399 14 1,350 -14.3 3.7

Mississippi ................................................ 1 604 1 902 - -33.1

 Surface .................................................... 1 604 1 902 - -33.1

Missouri .................................................... 2 366 2 436 - -16.0

 Surface .................................................... 2 366 2 436 - -16.0

Montana.................................................... 6 39,143 6 38,352 - 2.1

 Surface .................................................... 6 39,143 6 38,352 - 2.1

New Mexico .............................................. 7 29,618 7 27,323 - 8.4

 Underground........................................... 1 680 1 4 - 17,778.4

 Surface .................................................... 6 28,937 6 27,320 - 5.9

North Dakota............................................ 4 30,475 4 31,270 - -2.5

 Surface .................................................... 4 30,475 4 31,270 - -2.5

Ohio........................................................... 60 25,400 60 22,269 - 14.1

 Underground........................................... 10 12,894 9 11,933 11.1 8.1

 Surface .................................................... 50 12,506 51 10,336 -2.0 21.0

Oklahoma ................................................. 6 1,714 8 1,588 -25.0 8.0

 Underground........................................... 1 415 1 241 - 71.8

 Surface .................................................... 5 1,300 7 1,346 -28.6 -3.4

Pennsylvania............................................. 266 74,146 307 74,619 -13.4 -0.6

 Underground........................................... 73 58,135 81 57,951 -9.9 0.3

 Anthracite................................................ 68 1,484 112 4,572 -39.3 -67.5

 Underground........................................... 25 341 33 301 -24.2 13.2

 Surface .................................................... 43 1,143 79 4,271 -45.6 -73.2

 Bituminous............................................... 198 72,662 195 70,046 1.5 3.7

 Underground........................................... 48 57,793 48 57,650 - 0.2

 Surface .................................................... 150 14,868 147 12,396 2.0 19.9

 Surface .................................................... 193 16,011 226 16,667 -14.6 -3.9

Tennessee.................................................. 23 3,324 20 2,669 15.0 24.6

 Underground........................................... 11 1,321 11 1,456 - -9.2

 Surface .................................................... 12 2,003 9 1,213 33.3 65.1

Texas ......................................................... 14 45,042 14 49,498 - -9.0

 Surface .................................................... 14 45,042 14 49,498 - -9.0

Utah........................................................... 13 26,966 13 26,656 - 1.2

 Underground........................................... 13 26,966 13 26,656 - 1.2

Virginia ..................................................... 157 32,774 156 32,834 0.6 -0.2

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 9

Table 1. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type, 2001-2000 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Percent Change Coal-Producing 

State and Region 1

Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

Virginia (continued) 

 Underground........................................... 109 22,503 107 23,181 1.9 -2.9

 Surface .................................................... 48 10,271 49 9,654 -2.0 6.4

Washington............................................... 1 4,624 2 4,270 -50.0 8.3

 Surface .................................................... 1 4,624 2 4,270 -50.0 8.3

West Virginia ........................................... 304 162,416 297 158,257 2.4 2.6

 Underground........................................... 196 99,550 200 98,439 -2.0 1.1

 Northern .................................................. 62 38,170 68 37,601 -8.8 1.5

 Underground........................................... 38 32,753 39 32,281 -2.6 1.5

 Surface .................................................... 24 5,418 29 5,319 -17.2 1.9

 Southern................................................... 242 124,245 229 120,656 5.7 3.0

 Underground........................................... 158 66,798 161 66,158 -1.9 1.0

 Surface .................................................... 84 57,447 68 54,498 23.5 5.4

 Surface .................................................... 108 62,865 97 59,818 11.3 5.1

Wyoming................................................... 17 368,749 21 338,900 -19.0 8.8

 Underground........................................... - - 1 1,210 -100.0 -100.0

 Surface .................................................... 17 368,749 20 337,691 -15.0 9.2

 

Appalachian Total ................................... 1,305 431,165 1,280 419,419 2.0 2.8

 Underground........................................... 665 274,654 653 271,837 1.8 1.0

 Surface .................................................... 640 156,511 627 147,582 2.1 6.1

 Northern .................................................. 403 142,360 451 139,035 -10.6 2.4

 Underground........................................... 124 107,025 131 105,362 -5.3 1.6

 Surface .................................................... 279 35,335 320 33,673 -12.8 4.9

 Central ..................................................... 862 269,442 787 261,060 9.5 3.2

 Underground........................................... 531 152,457 513 150,581 3.5 1.2

 Surface .................................................... 331 116,984 274 110,479 20.8 5.9

 Southern................................................... 40 19,364 42 19,324 -4.8 0.2

 Underground........................................... 10 15,172 9 15,895 11.1 -4.5

 Surface .................................................... 30 4,192 33 3,430 -9.1 22.2

Interior Total............................................ 109 146,890 105 143,531 3.8 2.3

 Underground........................................... 32 54,780 30 53,962 6.7 1.5

 Surface .................................................... 77 92,111 75 89,570 2.7 2.8

Illinois Basin Total................................... 80 95,258 74 87,196 8.1 9.2

 Underground........................................... 30 54,364 29 53,720 3.4 1.2

 Surface .................................................... 50 40,894 45 33,476 11.1 22.2

Western Total........................................... 64 547,879 68 510,661 -5.9 7.3

 Underground........................................... 22 51,193 23 47,852 -4.3 7.0

 Surface .................................................... 42 496,686 45 462,809 -6.7 7.3

 Powder River Basin................................ 17 392,693 20 361,294 -15.0 8.7

 Underground........................................... - - - - - -

 Surface .................................................... 17 392,693 20 361,294 -15.0 8.7

 Uinta Region............................................ 22 59,685 22 55,046 - 8.4

 Underground........................................... 19 50,244 19 46,255 - 8.6

 Surface .................................................... 3 9,441 3 8,791 - 7.4

 

East of Miss. River................................... 1,386 527,027 1,355 507,517 2.3 3.8

West of Miss. River.................................. 92 598,908 98 566,094 -6.1 5.8

 

U.S. Subtotal............................................. 1,478 1,125,935 1,453 1,073,612 1.7 4.9

 

Refuse Recovery....................................... 34 1,754 - - - -

 

 U.S. Total .................................................. 1,512 1,127,689 1,453 1,073,612 4.1 5.0

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see the Glossary. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
10 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 2. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

Alabama ................................................... 10 15,172 30 4,192 40 19,364

 Bibb......................................................... - - 1 83 1 83

 Jackson.................................................... 1 1 - - 1 1

 Jefferson.................................................. 2 5,954 6 692 8 6,647

 Marion..................................................... - - 1 70 1 70

 Shelby ..................................................... 2 44 - - 2 44

 Tuscaloosa .............................................. 4 9,062 5 1,014 9 10,076

 Walker..................................................... 1 110 14 2,011 15 2,120

 Winston................................................... - - 3 322 3 322

Alaska ....................................................... - - 1 1,514 1 1,514

 Yukon-Koyukuk Division ...................... - - 1 1,514 1 1,514

Arizona ..................................................... - - 2 13,418 2 13,418

 Navajo..................................................... - - 2 13,418 2 13,418

Arkansas .................................................. 1 1 2 13 3 14

 Johnson ................................................... - - 1 4 1 4

 Sebastian................................................. 1 1 1 10 2 11

Colorado .................................................. 8 23,547 5 9,825 13 33,372

 Delta........................................................ 1 5,389 - - 1 5,389

 Fremont................................................... 1 1 - - 1 1

 Garfield................................................... 1 323 - - 1 323

 Gunnison................................................. 2 7,833 - - 2 7,833

 La Plata ................................................... 1 269 - - 1 269

 Las Animas ............................................. - - 1 13 1 13

 Moffat ..................................................... - - 2 7,710 2 7,710

 Montrose................................................. - - 1 371 1 371

 Rio Blanco .............................................. 1 2,027 - - 1 2,027

 Routt ....................................................... 1 7,705 1 1,731 2 9,436

Illinois ....................................................... 13 28,112 7 5,671 20 33,783

 Gallatin ................................................... 1 1,316 2 3,565 3 4,881

 Jackson.................................................... - - 1 1,204 1 1,204

 Jefferson.................................................. 1 1,951 - - 1 1,951

 Macoupin ................................................ 2 4,622 - - 2 4,622

 Mcdonough............................................. - - 1 483 1 483

 Montgomery ........................................... 1 2,428 - - 1 2,428

 Perry........................................................ - - 1 396 1 396

 Randolph................................................. 1 2,634 - - 1 2,634

 Saline ...................................................... 2 8,667 - - 2 8,667

 Sangamon ............................................... 1 2,075 - - 1 2,075

 Vermilion................................................ 2 1,066 - - 2 1,066

 Wabash ................................................... 1 1,463 - - 1 1,463

 White....................................................... 1 1,889 - - 1 1,889

 Williamson.............................................. - - 2 23 2 23

Indiana ..................................................... 6 7,191 27 29,546 33 36,738

 Clay......................................................... - - 3 647 3 647

 Daviess.................................................... - - 3 4,385 3 4,385

 Gibson..................................................... 1 1,666 5 10,712 6 12,378

 Greene..................................................... - - 2 921 2 921

 Knox ....................................................... 4 3,616 3 2,245 7 5,861

 Owen....................................................... - - 1 281 1 281

 Parke ....................................................... - - 1 123 1 123

 Pike ......................................................... 1 1,909 3 3,235 4 5,144

 Spencer ................................................... - - 1 199 1 199

 Sullivan................................................... - - 1 1,320 1 1,320

 Vigo ........................................................ - - 2 4,071 2 4,071

 Warrick ................................................... - - 2 1,407 2 1,407

Kansas ...................................................... - - 1 176 1 176

 Linn......................................................... - - 1 176 1 176

Kentucky .................................................. 264 80,896 203 52,938 467 133,834

 Bell.......................................................... 10 1,604 7 978 17 2,582

 Breathitt .................................................. - - 3 1,303 3 1,303

 Christian.................................................. - - 2 404 2 404

 Clay......................................................... 1 23 7 44 8 67

 Daviess.................................................... - - 2 75 2 75

 Floyd....................................................... 32 2,470 7 895 39 3,365

 Harlan ..................................................... 36 10,215 19 2,194 55 12,410

 Henderson............................................... - - 1 1,096 1 1,096

 Hopkins................................................... 4 4,130 4 2,173 8 6,304

 Johnson ................................................... 3 535 3 8 6 543

 Knott ....................................................... 24 6,689 24 6,205 48 12,894

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 11

Table 2. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

Kentucky (continued) 

 Knox ....................................................... 9 335 2 90 11 425

 Laurel...................................................... - - 1 28 1 28

 Lawrence................................................. 1 4 4 625 5 629

 Lee .......................................................... - - 1 3 1 3

 Leslie....................................................... 10 4,393 8 2,067 18 6,460

 Letcher.................................................... 23 6,351 22 4,298 45 10,649

 Martin ..................................................... 16 4,993 6 4,829 22 9,822

 Mclean .................................................... - - 1 268 1 268

 Morgan.................................................... - - 1 41 1 41

 Muhlenberg............................................. 2 3,219 4 1,444 6 4,663

 Ohio ........................................................ - - 1 106 1 106

 Owsley .................................................... - - 1 37 1 37

 Perry........................................................ 9 5,086 24 8,586 33 13,672

 Pike ......................................................... 77 19,083 42 14,967 119 34,049

 Union ...................................................... 2 3,632 - - 2 3,632

 Webster................................................... 3 8,079 1 108 4 8,187

 Whitley ................................................... 2 54 5 64 7 118

Louisiana ................................................. - - 2 3,715 2 3,715

 De Soto ................................................... - - 1 2,803 1 2,803

 Red River................................................ - - 1 912 1 912

Maryland ................................................. 3 3,245 12 1,399 15 4,644

 Allegany.................................................. 1 9 9 1,140 10 1,149

 Garrett..................................................... 2 3,235 3 260 5 3,495

Mississippi ............................................... - - 1 604 1 604

 Choctaw .................................................. - - 1 604 1 604

Missouri ................................................... - - 2 366 2 366

 Bates ....................................................... - - 2 366 2 366

Montana ................................................... - - 6 39,143 6 39,143

 Big Horn ................................................. - - 3 24,963 3 24,963

 Richland.................................................. - - 1 340 1 340

 Rosebud .................................................. - - 2 13,839 2 13,839

New Mexico ............................................. 1 680 6 28,937 7 29,618

 Colfax ..................................................... - - 1 1,123 1 1,123

 Mckinley................................................. - - 2 12,848 2 12,848

 San Juan.................................................. 1 680 3 14,967 4 15,647

North Dakota ........................................... - - 4 30,475 4 30,475

 Mclean .................................................... - - 1 7,706 1 7,706

 Mercer..................................................... - - 2 18,858 2 18,858

 Oliver...................................................... - - 1 3,911 1 3,911

Ohio .......................................................... 10 12,894 50 12,506 60 25,400

 Athens..................................................... 1 1,258 - - 1 1,258

 Belmont................................................... 1 4,611 9 2,408 10 7,019

 Carroll..................................................... - - 3 114 3 114

 Columbiana............................................. - - 3 190 3 190

 Coshocton ............................................... - - 1 56 1 56

 Gallia....................................................... - - 1 221 1 221

 Guernsey................................................. - - 3 682 3 682

 Harrison .................................................. 1 1,720 5 1,454 6 3,174

 Holmes.................................................... - - 1 176 1 176

 Jackson.................................................... - - 2 1,576 2 1,576

 Jefferson.................................................. 4 572 5 382 9 954

 Mahoning................................................ - - 1 10 1 10

 Meigs ...................................................... 2 4,285 - - 2 4,285

 Monroe.................................................... 1 448 - - 1 448

 Muskingum............................................. - - 1 706 1 706

 Noble....................................................... - - 1 550 1 550

 Perry........................................................ - - 1 1,052 1 1,052

 Stark........................................................ - - 4 728 4 728

 Tuscarawas ............................................. - - 7 841 7 841

 Vinton ..................................................... - - 2 1,359 2 1,359

Oklahoma ................................................ 1 415 5 1,300 6 1,714

 Craig ....................................................... - - 1 238 1 238

 Haskell .................................................... - - 1 513 1 513

 Le Flore................................................... 1 415 1 370 2 784

 Okmulgee................................................ - - 1 4 1 4

 Rogers..................................................... - - 1 175 1 175

Pennsylvania ............................................ 73 58,135 193 16,011 266 74,146

 Allegheny................................................ 1 * - - 1 *

 Armstrong............................................... 13 3,180 13 1,076 26 4,255

 Beaver..................................................... 1 300 - - 1 300

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
12 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 2. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

Pennsylvania (continued) 

 Bedford ................................................... - - 1 14 1 14

 Butler ...................................................... - - 4 531 4 531

 Cambria................................................... 2 372 10 1,012 12 1,384

 Clarion .................................................... - - 5 477 5 477

 Clearfield ................................................ 1 92 31 3,391 32 3,483

 Columbia................................................. 1 181 4 127 5 308

 Elk........................................................... - - 5 527 5 527

 Fayette..................................................... - - 9 375 9 375

 Greene..................................................... 9 44,037 6 266 15 44,303

 Indiana .................................................... 8 3,191 14 641 22 3,832

 Jefferson.................................................. 1 208 16 1,045 17 1,253

 Lackawanna ............................................ - - 3 18 3 18

 Lawrence................................................. - - 2 72 2 72

 Luzerne ................................................... - - 8 402 8 402

 Lycoming................................................ - - 1 355 1 355

 Northumberland...................................... 5 26 2 20 7 47

 Schuylkill................................................ 19 134 26 575 45 709

 Somerset ................................................. 9 1,538 17 3,624 26 5,163

 Venango.................................................. - - 2 89 2 89

 Washington............................................. 3 4,875 5 670 8 5,545

 Westmoreland......................................... - - 9 704 9 704

Tennessee ................................................. 11 1,321 12 2,003 23 3,324

 Anderson................................................. - - 1 46 1 46

 Campbell................................................. 5 487 4 436 9 923

 Claiborne................................................. 5 813 5 1,170 10 1,983

 Cumberland............................................. - - 1 268 1 268

 Fentress................................................... - - 1 83 1 83

 Scott ........................................................ 1 22 - - 1 22

Texas ........................................................ - - 14 45,042 14 45,042

 Atascosa.................................................. - - 1 3,379 1 3,379

 Freestone................................................. - - 1 3,690 1 3,690

 Harrison .................................................. - - 2 3,477 2 3,477

 Hopkins................................................... - - 1 2,189 1 2,189

 Leon ........................................................ - - 1 7,386 1 7,386

 Milam...................................................... - - 1 5,709 1 5,709

 Panola ..................................................... - - 2 6,362 2 6,362

 Robertson................................................ - - 1 2,144 1 2,144

 Rusk ........................................................ - - 1 5,260 1 5,260

 Titus ........................................................ - - 2 5,312 2 5,312

 Webb....................................................... - - 1 134 1 134

Utah .......................................................... 13 26,966 - - 13 26,966

 Carbon..................................................... 7 9,484 - - 7 9,484

 Emery...................................................... 3 9,227 - - 3 9,227

 Sevier...................................................... 3 8,255 - - 3 8,255

Virginia .................................................... 109 22,503 48 10,271 157 32,774

 Buchanan ................................................ 35 9,290 11 2,299 46 11,590

 Dickenson ............................................... 22 2,916 6 315 28 3,231

 Lee .......................................................... 3 402 1 97 4 498

 Russell..................................................... 4 196 2 469 6 665

 Tazewell.................................................. 7 1,550 1 76 8 1,627

 Wise ........................................................ 38 8,149 27 7,015 65 15,164

Washington .............................................. - - 1 4,624 1 4,624

 Lewis....................................................... - - 1 4,624 1 4,624

West Virginia .......................................... 196 99,550 108 62,865 304 162,416

 Barbour................................................... 3 521 2 46 5 568

 Boone...................................................... 24 18,921 12 13,756 36 32,677

 Brooke..................................................... 1 1,035 - - 1 1,035

 Clay......................................................... - - 3 4,570 3 4,570

 Fayette..................................................... 2 848 8 2,544 10 3,392

 Grant ....................................................... 1 250 1 525 2 774

 Greenbrier............................................... 2 630 2 149 4 779

 Harrison .................................................. 8 5,888 4 253 12 6,141

 Kanawha ................................................. 7 7,441 9 8,789 16 16,231

 Lincoln.................................................... 3 1,766 - - 3 1,766

 Logan ...................................................... 11 3,159 10 7,209 21 10,368

 Marion..................................................... 2 1,150 2 43 4 1,194

 Marshall .................................................. 2 10,688 - - 2 10,688

 Mcdowell ................................................ 47 3,153 12 1,789 59 4,942

 Mercer..................................................... - - 1 22 1 22

 Mineral.................................................... - - 2 90 2 90

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 13

Table 2. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production 

West Virginia (continued) 

 Mingo...................................................... 25 11,275 13 10,807 38 22,082

 Monongalia............................................. 5 6,260 3 716 8 6,976

 Nicholas .................................................. 5 1,984 3 3,626 8 5,610

 Preston .................................................... 1 2,384 6 82 7 2,465

 Raleigh.................................................... 13 8,808 4 496 17 9,304

 Tucker..................................................... - - 1 277 1 277

 Upshur..................................................... 7 2,052 2 78 9 2,130

 Wayne..................................................... 5 3,836 1 1,748 6 5,584

 Webster................................................... 8 2,524 1 3,308 9 5,832

 Wyoming ................................................ 14 4,977 6 1,941 20 6,918

Wyoming .................................................. - - 17 368,749 17 368,749

 Campbell................................................. - - 11 329,370 11 329,370

 Carbon..................................................... - - 2 815 2 815

 Converse ................................................. - - 1 24,520 1 24,520

 Lincoln.................................................... - - 1 4,495 1 4,495

 Sweetwater.............................................. - - 2 9,548 2 9,548

 

U.S. Subtotal............................................. 719 380,627 759 745,308 1,478 1,125,935

 

Refuse Recovery....................................... - - - - 34 1,754

 

 U.S. Total .................................................. 719 380,627 759 745,308 1,512 1,127,689

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 Note: • Coal production is attributed to the county in which the mine originally opened, unless the mine crosses State boundaries. 

 Source: • U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
14 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 3. Underground Coal Production by State and Mining Method, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Coal-Producing 

State and Region1 Continuous2

 Conventional3 Longwall4 Other5 Total 

Alabama............................................ 151 - 15,017 3 15,172

Arkansas ........................................... - - - 1 1

Colorado ........................................... 592 - 22,954 1 23,547

Illinois............................................... 15,951 - 12,161 - 28,112

Indiana .............................................. 7,187 - - 5 7,191

Kentucky Total ................................. 70,032 2,637 8,067 160 80,896

 Eastern ............................................ 57,885 2,637 1,153 160 61,836

 Western........................................... 12,147 - 6,914 - 19,061

Maryland........................................... 552 - 2,684 9 3,245

New Mexico...................................... 680 - - - 680

Ohio .................................................. 2,732 1,258 8,896 8 12,894

Oklahoma.......................................... 415 - - - 415

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 10,202 64 47,804 64 58,135

 Anthracite ....................................... 230 64 - 47 341

 Bituminous...................................... 9,972 - 47,804 17 57,793

Tennessee.......................................... 1,321 - - - 1,321

Utah................................................... 2,110 - 24,856 - 26,966

Virginia............................................. 15,640 - 6,782 81 22,503

West Virginia Total .......................... 52,771 562 46,083 134 99,550

 Northern.......................................... 10,090 - 22,659 3 32,753

 Southern.......................................... 42,681 562 23,424 132 66,798

 

Appalachian Total .......................... 141,256 4,520 128,418 460 274,654

 Northern......................................... 23,577 1,322 82,043 84 107,025

 Central............................................ 117,528 3,199 31,359 372 152,457

 Southern......................................... 151 - 15,017 3 15,172

Interior Total................................... 35,699 - 19,075 6 54,780

 Illinois Basin.................................. 35,284 - 19,075 5 54,364

Western Total.................................. 3,382 - 47,811 1 51,193

 Powder River Basin....................... - ----

 Uinta Region.................................. 2,433 - 47,811 - 50,244

 

East of Miss. River.......................... 176,540 4,520 147,493 464 329,018

West of Miss. River......................... 3,797 - 47,811 2 51,609

 

U.S. Total ......................................... 180,337 4,520 195,304 466 380,627 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see the Glossary. 

2

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by continuous mining methods. 

3

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by conventional mining methods. 

4

 Mines that have any production from the longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent continuous 

mining. 5

 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous conventional split in mining method, or mines 

that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 15

Table 4. Coal Production by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Coalbed Thickness 

(inches) Underground Surface Total 

< 7 ................................................................ - 163 163

7-12.............................................................. - 4,678 4,678

13-18............................................................ - 13,621 13,621

19-24............................................................ 168 15,887 16,055

25-30............................................................ 3,601 23,360 26,961

31-36............................................................ 21,910 29,185 51,095

37-42............................................................ 23,661 26,934 50,595

43-48............................................................ 41,805 25,220 67,025

49-54............................................................ 36,560 18,238 54,799

55-60............................................................ 43,641 31,852 75,493

61-66............................................................ 22,911 15,489 38,400

67-72............................................................ 49,630 11,857 61,487

73-78............................................................ 40,795 8,475 49,270

79-84............................................................ 18,901 12,779 31,680

85-90............................................................ 11,658 7,435 19,093

91-96............................................................ 12,779 4,415 17,195

97-102.......................................................... 14,579 9,266 23,845

103-108........................................................ 5,757 13,534 19,291

109-114........................................................ 10,329 6,174 16,502

115-120........................................................ 923 6,484 7,407

> 120 ............................................................ 20,709 459,619 480,327

Unknown1 ................................................... 309 643 2,707

U.S. Total .................................................... 380,627 745,308 1,127,689 

1

 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
16 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 5. Coal Production and Coalbed Thickness by Major Coalbeds and Mine Type, 2001 

Production 

(thousand short tons) 

Thickness 

Coalbed ID Number (inches) 1

Coalbed Name 

Underground Surface Total Average2 Low High 

1699 Wyodak............................................... - 320,199 320,199 776 56 994

0036 Pittsburgh............................................ 78,574 2,831 81,405 72 25 159

0489 No. 9 ................................................... 31,644 10,853 42,497 63 42 80

0111 Hazard No. 5-A................................... 12,392 22,446 34,837 69 11 138

1569 Beulah-Zap ......................................... - 28,378 28,378 156 144 180

1697 Canyon................................................ - 24,235 24,235 627 390 851

0151 Upper Elkhorn No. 3 .......................... 17,273 5,248 22,522 49 12 99

0103 Stockton-Lewiston.............................. 5,567 14,588 20,154 69 8 108

0084 Lower Kittanning................................ 5,630 14,121 19,751 55 7 117

0484 No. 6 ................................................... 15,483 3,619 19,102 74 48 96

0135 Hazard No. 4....................................... 12,895 5,635 18,531 47 10 90

1808 Rosebud .............................................. - 17,107 17,107 266 216 288

0168 Pond Creek ......................................... 13,267 2,483 15,749 49 14 96

1696 Anderson-Dietz 1-Dietz 2................... - 15,437 15,437 825 600 960

0176 Eagle ................................................... 12,524 759 13,283 54 13 67

0142 Williamson (Amburgy) ...................... 8,252 2,728 10,980 45 18 72

0344 Pocahontas No. 3 ................................ 10,682 - 10,682 65 36 75

0087 Clarion (No. 4-A) ............................... 4,415 5,969 10,383 44 5 100

0071 Upper Freeport.................................... 6,870 3,409 10,279 55 12 84

1787 Roland................................................. - 9,930 9,930 497 497 497

1753 Somerset B.......................................... 9,860 - 9,860 171 108 264

0121 Winifrede............................................ 5,600 3,954 9,554 70 6 120

1750 Wadge................................................. 7,705 1,731 9,436 109 100 150

0080 Middle Kittanning............................... 2,531 6,819 9,350 52 10 96

0076 Upper Kittanning ............................... 3,741 5,502 9,242 52 12 81

Major Coalbeds Total ................................. 264,903 527,982 792,885 398 5 994

 

Other Coalbeds ............................................ 115,415 216,683 332,097 87 6 735

 

Unknown3 ..................................................... 309 643 2,707 NA NA NA

 

U.S. Total ...................................................... 380,627 745,308 1,127,689 305 5 994 

1

 The coalbed ID number is a unique code assigned by EIA to each correlated coalbed or to coal-bearing geologic formations, coal groups, or coal zones. See Coalbed name 

discussion in note below. 2

 Average thickness is the bed thickness weighted by bed production. 

3

 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data, and refuse recovery. 

 NA = This estimated value is not available due to insufficient data or inadequate data/model performance. 

 Notes: • Major coalbeds for this table are the top 25 producing coalbeds. The category "Other Coalbeds" includes all coalbeds from which less than 9.2 million short tons 

were produced during the year. In some regions, coalbeds are characteristically discontinuous or uncorrelatable from one location to another, and production is identified by the 

geological formations, coal groups, or coal zones of the native rock where the coalbeds occur. These types of coalbeds are found primarily in the Rocky Mountain States and 

even in the Gulf Coast lignite belt. Coalbeds of these types are also included in "Other Coalbeds," even though production may exceed 8.2 million short tons. Totals may not 

equal sum of components due to independent rounding. • The coalbed name given is the name most commonly used in the State having the greatest production from that 

coalbed. The States having greatest production for each coalbed are Eastern Kentucky (coalbeds 0111, 0135, 0151, 0168, and 0176); West Virginia (0036,, 0084, 0103, and 

0344); Pennsylvania (0071); Western Kentucky (0489); Illinois (0484); North Dakota (1569); Montana (1808); and Wyoming (1699). In some other States where these are 

major producing beds, the following alternative coalbed names are also used: 0084, No 5 Block (Eastern Kentucky); 0111, Coalburg (West Virginia); 0135, Chilton (West 

Virginia); 0151, Jellico (Tennessee); Taggert (Virginia); Cedar Grove (West Virginia); 0168, No 2 Gas (West Virginia); 0176, Middle Eagle (West Virginia); 0484, No 11 

(Western Kentucky); 0489, No 5 (Illinois and Indiana). 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 17

Table 6. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Number of 

Mines Production Number of 

Mines Production Number of 

Mines Production Number of 

Mines Production Number of 

Mines Production 

Alabama........................................ 37 19,357 - - - - - - 37 19,357

Alaska ........................................... - - 1 1,514 - - - - 1 1,514

Arizona ......................................... 2 13,418 - - - - - - 2 13,418

Colorado ....................................... 10 25,661 2 7,710 - - - - 12 33,371

Illinois........................................... 19 33,774 - - - - - - 19 33,774

Indiana .......................................... 31 36,728 - - - - - - 31 36,728

Kansas........................................... 1 176 - - - - - - 1 176

Kentucky Total ............................. 396 133,535 - - - - - - 396 133,535

 Eastern ........................................ 372 108,819 - - - - - - 372 108,819

 Western....................................... 24 24,715 - - - - - - 24 24,715

Louisiana....................................... - - - - 2 3,715 - - 2 3,715

Maryland....................................... 12 4,617 - - - - - - 12 4,617

Mississippi .................................... - - - - 1 604 - - 1 604

Missouri ........................................ 2 366 - - - - - - 2 366

Montana ........................................ - - 5 38,802 1 340 - - 6 39,143

New Mexico2 ................................ 5 15,557 2 14,061 - - - - 7 29,618

North Dakota ................................ - - - - 4 30,475 - - 4 30,475

Ohio .............................................. 51 25,352 - - - - - - 51 25,352

Oklahoma...................................... 5 1,710 - - - - - - 5 1,710

Pennsylvania Total ....................... 153 72,492 - - - - 31 1,374 184 73,866

 Anthracite ................................... - - - - - - 31 1,374 31 1,374

 Bituminous.................................. 153 72,492 - - - - - - 153 72,492

Tennessee...................................... 21 3,312 - - - - - - 21 3,312

Texas............................................. 1 134 - - 13 44,909 - - 14 45,042

Utah............................................... 13 26,966 - - - - - - 13 26,966

Virginia......................................... 140 32,694 - - - - - - 140 32,694

Washington................................... 1 231 1 4,393 - - - - 1 4,624

West Virginia Total ...................... 273 162,255 - - - - - - 273 162,255

 Northern...................................... 53 38,123 - - - - - - 53 38,123

 Southern...................................... 220 124,131 - - - - - - 220 124,131

Wyoming ...................................... 2 815 15 367,934 - - - - 17 368,749

 

Appalachian Total ...................... 1,059 428,898 - - - - 31 1,374 1,090 430,272

 Northern..................................... 269 140,584 - - - - 31 1,374 300 141,958

 Central........................................ 753 268,957 - - - - - - 753 268,957

 Southern..................................... 37 19,357 - - - - - - 37 19,357

Interior Total............................... 83 97,604 - - 16 49,228 - - 99 146,831

 Illinois Basin.............................. 74 95,218 - - - - - - 74 95,218

Western Total.............................. 33 82,648 26 434,414 5 30,816 - - 63 547,879

 Powder River Basin................... - - 17 392,693 - - - - 17 392,693

 Uinta Region.............................. 20 51,975 2 7,710 - - - - 22 59,685

 

East of Miss. River...................... 1,133 524,116 - - 1 604 31 1,374 1,167 529,809

West of Miss. River..................... 42 85,035 26 434,414 20 79,440 - - 85 595,173

 

U.S. Subtotal................................ 1,175 609,150 26 434,414 21 80,043 31 1,374 1,252 1,124,982

 

Unknown3 .................................... - - - - - - - - 237 997

 

Refuse Recovery4 ........................ 18 1,275 - - - - 5 434 23 1,710

 

U.S. Total ..................................... 1,193 610,426 26 434,414 21 80,043 36 1,808 1,512 1,127,689 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 One Mine in New Mexico periodically produces both bituminous and subbituminous coal. When this occurs, it is double counted as a subbituminous and bituminous mine, 

but is not double counted in the total. 3

 Includes all mines and refuse recovery operations producing less than 10,000 short tons. 

4

 Excludes refuse recovery operations producing less than 10,000 short tons. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
18 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 7. Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Status, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Union Nonunion Total Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Underground Surface Underground Surface Underground Surface 

Alabama..................................................... 15,017 - 151 4,189 15,168 4,189

Alaska ........................................................ - - - 1,514 - 1,514

Arizona ...................................................... - 13,418 - - - 13,418

Colorado .................................................... 2,027 4,044 21,519 5,781 23,546 9,825

Illinois........................................................ 14,756 1,840 13,356 3,822 28,112 5,662

Indiana ....................................................... - 3,975 7,187 25,566 7,187 29,542

Kansas........................................................ - - - 176 - 176

Kentucky Total .......................................... 8,494 2,468 72,303 50,270 80,797 52,738

 Eastern ..................................................... 544 1,684 61,192 45,399 61,736 47,083

 Western.................................................... 7,950 784 11,111 4,870 19,061 5,655

Louisiana.................................................... - - - 3,715 - 3,715

Maryland.................................................... - - 3,235 1,382 3,235 1,382

Mississippi ................................................. - - - 604 - 604

Missouri ..................................................... - - - 366 - 366

Montana ..................................................... - 29,478 - 9,665 - 39,143

New Mexico............................................... 680 22,897 - 6,041 680 28,937

North Dakota ............................................. - 6,990 - 23,485 - 30,475

Ohio ........................................................... 8,896 1,138 3,990 11,328 12,886 12,466

Oklahoma................................................... - - 415 1,295 415 1,295

Pennsylvania Total .................................... 28,319 680 29,752 15,115 58,070 15,795

 Anthracite ................................................ - 387 294 693 294 1,080

 Bituminous............................................... 28,319 293 29,458 14,422 57,776 14,715

Tennessee................................................... 137 - 1,184 1,991 1,321 1,991

Texas.......................................................... - 28,752 - 16,291 - 45,042

Utah............................................................ 6,516 - 20,451 - 26,966 -

Virginia...................................................... 5,236 578 17,207 9,674 22,443 10,252

Washington................................................ - 4,624 - - - 4,624

West Virginia Total ................................... 41,568 14,982 57,923 47,781 99,491 62,764

 Northern................................................... 23,381 - 9,369 5,373 32,750 5,373

 Southern................................................... 18,187 14,982 48,554 42,408 66,741 57,390

Wyoming ................................................... - 10,606 - 358,143 - 368,749

 

Appalachian Total ................................... 99,715 19,062 174,635 136,859 274,351 155,921

 Northern.................................................. 60,595 1,818 46,346 33,198 106,941 35,017

 Central..................................................... 24,104 17,244 128,137 99,472 152,241 116,716

 Southern.................................................. 15,017 - 151 4,189 15,168 4,189

Interior Total............................................ 22,706 35,351 32,068 56,706 54,774 92,057

 Illinois Basin........................................... 22,706 6,599 31,653 34,259 54,359 40,858

Western Total........................................... 9,223 92,057 41,969 404,629 51,193 496,686

 Powder River Basin................................ - 29,137 - 363,555 - 392,693

 Uinta Region........................................... 8,543 3,674 41,701 5,768 50,244 9,441

 

East of Miss. River................................... 122,422 25,662 206,288 171,722 328,710 197,383

West of Miss. River.................................. 9,223 120,809 42,384 426,473 51,607 547,281

 

Unknown2 ................................................. - - - - 309 643

 

U.S. Total .................................................. 131,645 146,470 248,672 598,194 380,627 745,308 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. Excludes refuse recovery operations. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 19

Table 8. Coal Disposition by State, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Coal-Producing 

State Open Market Sales1

 Captive Sales/Transactions2 Total 

Alabama....................................................... W W 19,307

Alaska .......................................................... W - W

Arizona ........................................................ W - W

Colorado ...................................................... W W 33,202

Illinois.......................................................... 34,056 - 34,056

Indiana ......................................................... W W 36,592

Kansas.......................................................... W - W

Kentucky Total ............................................ 131,702 1,582 133,284

 Eastern ....................................................... W W 108,549

 Western...................................................... W W 24,735

Louisiana...................................................... W - W

Maryland...................................................... W W 4,567

Mississippi ................................................... W - W

Missouri ....................................................... W - W

Montana ....................................................... W W 39,185

New Mexico................................................. 28,890 - 28,890

North Dakota ............................................... W W 30,498

Ohio ............................................................. 21,150 4,514 25,664

Oklahoma..................................................... 1,694 - 1,694

Pennsylvania Total ...................................... 72,175 910 73,085

 Anthracite .................................................. 1,378 - 1,378

 Bituminous................................................. 70,797 910 71,707

Tennessee..................................................... W W 3,341

Texas............................................................ 9,282 35,746 45,028

Utah.............................................................. 20,458 6,175 26,633

Virginia........................................................ 30,861 1,910 32,771

Washington.................................................. - W W

West Virginia Total ..................................... 154,835 6,716 161,551

 Northern..................................................... 35,338 2,894 38,232

 Southern..................................................... 119,498 3,822 123,319

Wyoming ..................................................... 350,280 18,419 368,699

U.S. Total3

................................................... 1,036,955 84,930 1,121,885 

1

 Open market sales include all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. 2

 Captive sales transactions include all coal used by the producing company or sold to affiliated or parent companies. 3

 Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data, and refuse recovery. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report." 
20 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 9. Coal Mining Acreage, Production and Royalties from Federal and American Indian Leases by State, 

2001 

Federal Leases American Indian Leases 

Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Acres Leased Production 

(thousand short tons)

Royalties 

(thousand dollars) Acres Leased Production (thousand short tons)

Royalties 

(thousand 

dollars) 

Alabama......................................................... 1,609 4 - - - -

Arizona .......................................................... - - - 64,858 13,738 36,820

Colorado ........................................................ 49,897 22,835 35,271 - - -

Kentucky, Western ........................................ 820 42 65 - - -

Montana ......................................................... 29,408 21,937 24,539 14,746 5,367 2,571

New Mexico................................................... 13,760 7,590 24,567 36,026 10,313 24,459

North Dakota ................................................. 4,358 2,511 1,541 - - -

Oklahoma....................................................... 9,970 793 596 - - -

Utah................................................................ 49,800 20,053 27,672 - - -

Washington.................................................... 280 2,466 4,451 - - -

Wyoming ....................................................... 127,155 315,279 219,037 - - -

 

Appalachian Total ....................................... 1,609 4 - - - -

Interior Total................................................ 10,790 835 661 - - -

Western Total............................................... 274,658 392,671 337,078 115,630 29,418 63,850

 

East of Miss. River....................................... 2,429 46 65 - - -

West of Miss. River...................................... 284,628 393,464 337,674 115,630 29,418 63,850

 

U.S. Total ...................................................... 287,057 393,510 337,739 115,630 29,418 63,850 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

 Note: • U.S. Total for this table represents Federal and American Indian Leases only. Output from Federal and American Indian Lands is reported as sales volume, the 

basis for royalties. It is approximately equivalent to production, which includes coal sold and coal added to stockpiles. Totals may not equal sum of components due to 

independent rounding. 

 Source: • U.S. Department of Interior, Minerals Management Service (MMS), Mineral Revenues, 2001, Report on Receipts from Federal and Indian Leases. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 21

Table 10. Major U.S. Coal Mines, 2001 

Rank Mine Names/Company Mine Type State Production 

(short tons) 

1 North Antelope Rochelle Comple/Powder River Coal Company Surface Wyoming 74,777,460

2 Black Thunder/Thunder Basin Coal Company, Ll Surface Wyoming 67,621,885

3 Cordero Mine/Cordero Mining Co. Surface Wyoming 43,358,546

4 Jacobs Ranch Mine/Jacobs Ranch Coal Company Surface Wyoming 29,335,345

5 Caballo Mine/Caballo Coal Company Surface Wyoming 27,095,831

6 Eagle Butte Mine/Rag Coal West, Inc. Surface Wyoming 24,823,834

7 Antelope Coal Mine/Antelope Coal Company Surface Wyoming 24,520,144

8 North Rochelle/Triton Coal Company Surface Wyoming 23,872,327

9 Buckskin Mine/Triton Coal Company Surface Wyoming 19,176,796

10 Freedom Mine/The Coteau Properties Company Surface North Dakota 15,779,220

11 Belle Ayr Mine/Rag Coal West, Inc. Surface Wyoming 11,760,831

12 Rosebud #6 Mine&Crusher & Conv/Western Energy Company Surface Montana 11,246,730

13 Bailey Mine/Consol Pennsylvania Coal Compa Underground Pennsylvania 10,327,224

14 Enlow Fork Mine/Consol Pennsylvania Coal Compa Underground Pennsylvania 10,326,124

15 Spring Creek Coal Company/Spring Creek Coal Company Surface Montana 9,664,986

16 Decker Mine/Decker Coal Co. Surface Montana 9,462,298

17 Kayenta/Peabody Western Coal Company Surface Arizona 8,484,056

18 Navajo Mine/Bhp Navajo Coal Company Surface New Mexico 8,020,215

19 Falkirk Mine/The Falkirk Mining Company Surface North Dakota 7,705,809

20 Foidel Creek Mine/Twentymile Coal Company Underground Colorado 7,705,045

21 Jewett Mine/Northwestern Resources Company Surface Texas 7,386,216

22 Galatia Mine/American Coal Company Underground Illinois 7,009,349

23 Sufco/Canyon Fuel Company, Llc Underground Utah 7,001,405

24 Mckinley/The Pittsburg & Midway Coal Co Surface New Mexico 6,806,726

25 Emerald Mine No 1/Rag Emerald Resources Lp Underground Pennsylvania 6,738,254

26 Cumberland Mine/Rag Cumberland Resources Lp Underground Pennsylvania 6,654,799

27 Mcelroy Mine/Mc Elroy Coal Company Underground West Virginia 6,599,665

28 Jim Bridger Mine/Bridger Coal Company Surface Wyoming 6,110,696

29 Beckville Strip/Txu Mining Company Surface Texas 6,086,153

30 Lee Ranch Coal Co./Lee Ranch Coal Company Surface New Mexico 6,040,830

31 Absaloka/Washington Group International Surface Montana 5,835,951

32 Samples Mine/Catenary Coal Company Surface West Virginia 5,786,007

33 Colowyo Mine/Colowyo Coal Company L P Surface Colorado 5,767,595

34 Sandow Mine/Alcoa Inc Surface Texas 5,709,325

35 Bowie Mine #2/Bowie Resources Ltd Underground Colorado 5,388,989

36 Oak Hill Strip/Txu Mining Company Surface Texas 5,260,223

37 Blacksville No 2/Consolidation Coal Company Underground Pennsylvania 5,034,038

38 West Elk Mine/Mountain Coal Company Llc Underground Colorado 5,022,172

39 Black Mesa/Peabody Western Coal Company Surface Arizona 4,933,468

40 Robinson Run No. 95/Consolidation Coal Company Underground West Virginia 4,910,055

41 Federal No. 2/Eastern Associated Coal Corp Underground West Virginia 4,878,400

42 Hobet 21 Surface Mine/Hobet Mining, Inc. Surface West Virginia 4,806,132

43 La Plata/San Juan Coal Company Surface New Mexico 4,745,589

44 Dilworth Mine/Consolidation Coal Company Underground Pennsylvania 4,715,583

45 Centralia Coal Mine/Transalta Centralia Mining Llc Surface Washington 4,624,245

46 Dotiki Mine/Webster County Coal, Llc Underground Kentucky 4,621,666

47 Powhatan No 6 Mine/The Ohio Valley Coal Company Underground Ohio 4,611,287

48 Kemmerer Mine/The Pittsburg & Midway Coal Mn Surface Wyoming 4,495,264

49 Surface Mine No. 2/Fola Coal Company, Llc Surface West Virginia 4,468,804

50 Buchanan Mine #1/Consolidation Coal Co Underground Virginia 4,452,468

51 Deer Creek Mine/Energy West Mining Company Underground Utah 4,338,303

52 Shoal Creek Mine/Drummond Company, Inc. Underground Alabama 4,115,795

53 Shoemaker Mine/Consolidation Coal Company Underground West Virginia 4,088,210

54 Dry Fork Mine/Dry Fork Coal Company Surface Wyoming 4,029,100

 

 Subtotal 628,137,468

 All Other Mines 499,551,338

 

 U.S. Total 1,127,688,806 

 Note: • Major mines are mines that produced more than 4 million short tons in 2001. The company is the firm operating the mine. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
22 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 11. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 2001 

Rank Company Name Production 

(thousand short tons) 

Percent of 

Total Production 

1 Peabody Coal Sales Co. 146,132 13.0

2 Arch Coal, Inc. 116,462 10.3

3 Kennecott Energy & Coal Co. 112,656 10.0

4 Consol Energy Inc. 70,299 6.2

5 RAG American Coal Holding, Inc. 65,131 5.8

6 Horizon Natural Resources Inc. 47,457 4.2

7 A.T. Massey Coal Co., Inc. 43,400 3.8

8 Vulcan Partners, L.P. 43,049 3.8

9 North American Coal Corp. 26,728 2.4

10 TXU Corporation 22,814 2.0

11 Westmoreland Mining LLC 22,053 2.0

12 Black Beauty Coal Co. 20,109 1.8

13 Alliance Coal, LLC 17,745 1.6

14 Robert Murray 15,706 1.4

15 Pittsburg & Midway Coal Mining Co. 15,655 1.4

16 BHP Minerals Group 15,643 1.4

17 PacifiCorp 11,373 1.0

18 James River Coal Co. 10,360 0.9

19 Peter Kiewit/Kennecott 9,462 0.8

20 El Paso Energy Corp. 8,232 0.7

21 Lodestar Energy, Inc. 7,193 0.6

22 Andalex Resources, Inc. 7,086 0.6

23 Pittston Co. 6,782 0.6

24 AEP Kentucky Coal, LLC 6,265 0.6

25 Westmoreland Resources Inc. 5,836 0.5

26 Walter Industries, Inc. 5,833 0.5

27 Alcoa, Inc. 5,709 0.5

 

 Subtotal 885,171 78.5

 All Other Coal Producers 242,518 21.5

 

 U.S. Total 1,127,689 100.0 

 Note: • Major coal producers are companies that produced more than 5 million short tons in 2001. A controlling company of a mine is defined as the company 

"controlling the coal, particularly the sale of the coal." Most often, but not always, this is the owner of the mine. 

 Source: • COALdat, a product of RDI/Platts and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and 

Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 23

Productive Capacity 
24 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 12. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 2001, 2000 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Percent Change Coal-Producing 

State 

Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total 

Alabama....................................... 18,072 5,085 23,158 17,765 4,518 22,283 1.7 12.5 3.9

Alaska .......................................... - W W - W W - W W

Arizona ........................................ - W W - W W - W W

Colorado ...................................... 30,839 10,358 41,197 31,814 9,732 41,546 -3.1 6.4 -0.8

Illinois.......................................... 34,130 6,306 40,436 34,371 4,656 39,027 -0.7 35.4 3.6

Indiana ......................................... 9,079 33,459 42,538 6,326 27,821 34,147 43.5 20.3 24.6

Kansas.......................................... - W W - W W - W W

Kentucky Total ............................ 107,184 66,669 173,853 102,091R 62,219 R 164,310 R 5.0 7.2 5.8

 Eastern ....................................... 83,888 60,066 143,954 77,299 R 56,162 R 133,461 R 8.5 6.9 7.9

 Western...................................... 23,296 6,603 29,899 24,792 6,057 30,848 -6.0 9.0 -3.1

Louisiana...................................... - W W - W W - W W

Maryland...................................... W W 4,873 W W 4,627 W W 5.3

Mississippi ................................... - W W - W W - W W

Missouri ....................................... - W W - W W - W W

Montana ....................................... - 51,634 51,634 - 54,682 54,682 - -5.6 -5.6

New Mexico................................. W W 33,953 - 33,118 33,118 W W 2.5

North Dakota ............................... - 32,300 32,300 - 32,961 32,961 - -2.0 -2.0

Ohio ............................................. 14,219 16,781 31,001 12,911 13,777 26,688 10.1 21.8 16.2

Oklahoma..................................... W W 2,180 W W 2,447 W W -10.9

Pennsylvania Total ...................... 67,094 20,513 87,606 67,371 R 20,653 R 88,025 R -0.4 -0.7 -0.5

 Anthracite .................................. 315 2,637 2,952 300 3,277 R 3,577 R 4.9 -19.5 -17.5

 Bituminous................................. 66,779 17,876 84,655 67,071 R 17,377 R 84,448 R -0.4 2.9 0.2

Tennessee..................................... 2,666 2,925 5,591 2,123 2,062 4,185 25.6 41.9 33.6

Texas............................................ - 47,534 47,534 - 51,779 51,779 - -8.2 -8.2

Utah.............................................. 35,526 - 35,526 35,091 - 35,091 1.2 - 1.2

Virginia........................................ 26,448 13,479 39,927 26,908 12,104 R 39,013 R -1.7 11.4 2.3

Washington.................................. - W W - W W - W W

West Virginia Total ..................... 128,115 75,778 203,893 131,391 R 73,655 205,045 R -2.5 2.9 -0.6

 Northern..................................... 37,150 5,667 42,818 38,742 5,864 44,607 -4.1 -3.4 -4.0

 Southern..................................... 90,964 70,111 161,075 92,648 R 67,790 160,439 R -1.8 3.4 0.4

Wyoming ..................................... - 401,200 401,200 W W 393,965 W W 1.8

 

U.S. Total .................................... 478,425 850,344 1,328,769 472,981 R 828,396 R 1,301,377 R 1.2 2.6 2.1 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 R = Revised.

 Note: • Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes mines 

producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 25

Table 13. Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State, 2001, 2000 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Coal-Producing 

State 

Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total 

Alabama......................................................... 83.93 82.38 83.59 89.47 75.60 86.66

Alaska ............................................................ - W W - W W

Arizona .......................................................... - W W - W W

Colorado ........................................................ 76.35 94.86 81.00 62.81 94.07 70.13

Illinois............................................................ 82.37 89.79 83.52 86.24 81.66 85.70

Indiana ........................................................... 79.16 88.29 86.34 58.30 87.26 81.90

Kansas............................................................ - W W - W W

Kentucky Total .............................................. 75.38 79.10 76.81 78.40 R 80.93 79.36 R

 East ............................................................. 73.59 78.39 75.59 77.17 R 80.06 78.39 R

 West ............................................................ 81.82 85.64 82.66 82.24 88.98 83.57

Louisiana........................................................ - W W - W W

Maryland........................................................ W W 94.74 W W 97.67

Mississippi ..................................................... - W W - W W

Missouri ......................................................... - W W - W W

Montana ......................................................... - 75.81 75.81 - 70.14 70.14

New Mexico................................................... W W 87.23 - 82.49 82.49

North Dakota ................................................. - 94.35 94.35 - 94.87 94.87

Ohio ............................................................... 90.62 74.29 81.78 92.42 74.73 83.29

Oklahoma....................................................... W W 78.44 W W 64.69

Pennsylvania Total ........................................ 86.55 77.00 84.32 85.89 R 66.96 R 81.45 R

 Anthracite ................................................... 93.37 40.97 46.55 80.44 48.36 R 51.05 R

 Bituminous.................................................. 86.52 82.32 85.63 85.92 R 70.47 R 82.74 R

Tennessee....................................................... 49.55 68.05 59.23 68.46 58.14 63.38

Texas.............................................................. - 94.76 94.76 - 95.59 95.59

Utah................................................................ 75.91 - 75.91 75.94 - 75.94

Virginia.......................................................... 84.86 76.06 81.89 86.03 R 79.54 R 84.02 R

Washington.................................................... - W W - W W

West Virginia Total ....................................... 77.66 82.83 79.58 74.88 R 81.11 77.12 R

 Northern...................................................... 88.15 94.81 89.04 83.29 89.87 84.16

 Southern...................................................... 73.37 81.86 77.06 71.37 R 80.35 75.16 R

Wyoming ....................................................... - 91.91 91.91 W W 86.02

 

U.S. Total ...................................................... 79.49 87.65 84.71 78.93 R 84.11 R 82.23 R

 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 R = Revised. 

 Note: • Capacity utilization is the ratio of annual production to annual productive capacity. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required 

to provide data and refuse recovery. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," for productive capacity, and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health 

Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report," for annual production. 
26 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 14. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining 

Method, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

Continuous Conventional Longwall Other Total Coal-Producing 

State Productive 

Capacity 

Capacity 

Utilization 

Productive 

Capacity 

Capacity 

Utilization 

Productive 

Capacity 

Capacity 

Utilization 

Productive 

Capacity 

Capacity 

Utilization 

Productive 

Capacity 

Capacity 

Utilization 

Alabama........................................ W W -- W W - - 18,072 83.93

Colorado ....................................... W W -- W W - - 30,839 76.35

Illinois........................................... W W -- W W - - 34,130 82.37

Indiana .......................................... 9,079 79.16 - - - - - - 9,079 79.16

Kentucky Total ............................. 93,414 74.97 W W 9,971 80.91 W W 107,184 75.38

 Eastern ........................................ W W W W W W W W 83,888 73.59

 Western....................................... W W -- W W - - 23,296 81.82

Maryland....................................... W W -- W W - - W W

New Mexico.................................. W W - - - - - - W W

Ohio .............................................. 3,362 81.27 W W W W - - 14,219 90.62

Oklahoma...................................... W W - - - - - - W W

Pennsylvania Total ....................... 13,534 75.38 W W W W - - 67,094 86.55

 Anthracite ................................... W W W W - - - - 315 93.37

 Bituminous.................................. W W -- W W - - 66,779 86.52

Tennessee...................................... 2,666 49.55 - - - - - - 2,666 49.55

Utah............................................... 2,893 72.95 - - 32,634 76.17 - - 35,526 75.91

Virginia......................................... 18,627 83.96 - - W W W W 26,448 84.86

West Virginia Total ...................... 71,110 74.21 W W 56,368 81.75 W W 128,115 77.66

 Northern...................................... 11,443 88.18 - - 25,708 88.14 - - 37,150 88.15

 Southern...................................... 59,668 71.53 W W 30,660 76.40 W W 90,964 73.37

 

U.S. Total ..................................... 237,267 76.01 5,643 80.11 235,358 82.98 156 100.00 478,425 79.49 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive 

capacity. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and recovery operations. Totals may not equal sum of components 

because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," for productive capacity, and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health 

Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report," for annual production. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 27

Recoverable Reserves 
28 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 15. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Percentage at Producing Mines by State, 2001, 2000 

 (Million Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Coal-Producing 

State Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Average Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Average Recovery 

Percentage 

Percent Change 

Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Alabama.............................................. 352 55.54 368 55.70 -4.5

Alaska ................................................. W W W W W

Arizona ............................................... W W W W W

Colorado ............................................. 562 75.55 584 74.28 -3.8

Illinois................................................. 819 59.03 716 54.62 14.3

Indiana ................................................ 397 70.62 318 74.98 24.9

Kansas................................................. W W W W W

Kentucky Total ................................... 1,087 58.54 948 55.82 14.6

 Eastern .............................................. 829 60.05 669 57.03 23.8

 Western............................................. 258 53.68 279 52.90 -7.5

Louisiana............................................. W W W W W

Maryland............................................. 72 61.47 75 61.24 -4.1

Mississippi .......................................... W W W W W

Missouri .............................................. W W W W W

Montana .............................................. 1,155 91.30 1,104 91.17 4.6

New Mexico........................................ 1,404 92.44 1,323 93.64 6.1

North Dakota ...................................... 1,151 89.27 1,237 89.70 -7.0

Ohio .................................................... 450 73.12 336 74.79 33.7

Oklahoma............................................ 19 69.55 34 74.63 -42.9

Pennsylvania Total ............................. 558 68.68 498 68.08 12.1

 Anthracite ......................................... 16 46.72 24 R 47.38 R -30.1

 Bituminous........................................ 541 69.35 474 69.10 14.2

Tennessee............................................ 24 74.94 37 68.34 -35.6

Texas................................................... 724 92.14 794 91.31 -8.8

Utah..................................................... 364 52.05 429 50.72 -15.1

Virginia............................................... 240 58.20 246 55.26 -2.6

Washington......................................... W W W W W

West Virginia Total ............................ 1,502 62.11 1,562 61.26 -3.9

 Northern............................................ 521 63.47 577 60.95 -9.8

 Southern............................................ 981 61.39 985 61.44 -0.4

Wyoming ............................................ 6,100 93.47 6,864 92.91 -11.1

 

U.S. Total ........................................... 17,801 81.70 18,330 81.95 -2.9 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 R = Revised. 

 Note: • Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Average recovery 

percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes mines 

producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 29

Table 16. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines, Estimated Recoverable Reserves, and Demonstrated 

Reserve Base by Mining Method, 2001 

 (Million Short Tons) 

Underground - Minable Coal Surface - Minable Coal Total 

Coal-Resource 

State 

Recoverable 

Reserves at 

Producing 

Mines 

Estimated 

Recoverable 

Reserves 

Demonstrated

Reserve Base 

Recoverable 

Reserves at 

Producing 

Mines 

Estimated 

Recoverable

Reserves 

Demonstrated

Reserve Base 

Recoverable 

Reserves at 

Producing 

Mines 

Estimated 

Recoverable

Reserves 

Demonstrated

Reserve Base 

Alabama....................................... 327 568 1,127 24 2,298 3,226 352 2,866 4,353

Alaska .......................................... - 2,745 5,423 W 549 694 W 3,295 6,117

Arizona ........................................ - 51 102 W - - W 51 102

Arkansas ...................................... - 127 272 - 101 144 - 228 417

Colorado ...................................... 353 6,151 11,721 209 3,754 4,771 562 9,905 16,493

Georgia ........................................ - 1 2 - 1 2 - 2 4

Idaho ............................................ - 2 4 - - - - 2 4

Illinois.......................................... 787 27,995 88,131 32 10,088 16,578 819 38,083 104,710

Indiana ......................................... 235 3,652 8,817 162 509 870 397 4,160 9,687

Iowa ............................................. - 807 1,732 - 320 457 - 1,127 2,189

Kansas.......................................... - - - W 681 973 W 681 973

Kentucky Total ............................ 812 7,715 17,635 275 7,611 13,191 1,087 15,326 30,826

 Eastern ....................................... 582 896 1,604 246 5,328 9,539 829 6,223 11,143

 Western...................................... 229 6,819 16,031 29 2,284 3,651 258 9,103 19,682

Louisiana...................................... - - - W 327 441 W 327 441

Maryland...................................... W 331 604 W 50 74 72 381 678

Michigan...................................... - 55 123 - 3 5 - 59 128

Mississippi ................................... - - - W - - W --

Missouri ....................................... - 689 1,479 W 3,159 4,512 W 3,848 5,992

Montana ....................................... - 35,923 70,958 1,155 39,182 48,465 1,155 75,105 119,423

New Mexico................................. W 2,862 6,202 W 4,144 6,085 1,404 7,006 12,287

North Carolina ............................. - 5 11 - - - - 5 11

North Dakota ............................... - - - 1,151 7,022 9,205 1,151 7,022 9,205

Ohio ............................................. 242 7,767 17,653 208 3,797 5,801 450 11,564 23,454

Oklahoma..................................... W 575 1,234 W 231 329 19 806 1,564

Oregon ......................................... - 7 15 - 2 3 - 9 17

Pennsylvania Total ...................... 456 10,940 23,652 101 1,084 4,312 558 12,024 27,965

 Anthracite .................................. 2 340 3,846 14 420 3,360 16 761 7,206

 Bituminous................................. 454 10,599 19,807 87 664 953 541 11,263 20,759

South Dakota ............................... - - - - 277 366 - 277 366

Tennessee..................................... 10 284 518 14 186 274 24 469 792

Texas............................................ - - - 724 9,711 12,616 724 9,711 12,616

Utah.............................................. 364 2,607 5,317 - 212 268 364 2,819 5,585

Virginia........................................ 206 723 1,288 34 394 615 240 1,117 1,902

Washington.................................. - 674 1,332 W 24 31 W 699 1,363

West Virginia Total ..................... 1,158 15,956 29,898 343 2,567 4,069 1,502 18,523 33,966

 Northern..................................... 506 NA NA 15 NA NA 521 NA NA

 Southern..................................... 653 NA NA 328 NA NA 981 NA NA

Wyoming ..................................... - 22,950 42,501 6,100 20,091 23,257 6,100 43,041 65,758

 

U.S. Total .................................... 5,172 152,162 337,753 12,629 118,375 161,633 17,801 270,537 499,386 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 NA = This estimated value is not available due to insufficient data or inadequate data/model performance. 

 Note: • Recoverable coal reserves at producing mines represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e. mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. 

EIA's estimated recoverable reserves include the coal in the demonstrated reserve base considered recoverable after excluding coal estimated to be unavailable due to land use 

restrictions or currently economically unattractive for mining, and after applying assumed mining recovery rates; see Glossary for criteria. The demonstrated reserve base 

includes publicly available data on coal mapped to measured and indicated degrees of accuracy and found at depths and in coalbed thicknesses considered technologically 

minable at the time of determinations; see Glossary for criteria. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. 

Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report," and EIA estimates. 
30 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 17. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Underground Coal Mines 

by State and Mining Method, 2001 

 (Million Short Tons) 

Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total 

Coal-Producing 

State 

Recoverable 

Coal 

Reserves 

at Producing 

Mines 

Average 

Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable

Coal 

Reserves 

at Producing

Mines 

Average 

Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable

Coal 

Reserves 

at Producing

Mines 

Average 

Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable 

Coal 

Reserves 

at Producing 

Mines 

Average 

Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable

Coal 

Reserves 

at Producing

Mines 

Average 

Recovery 

Percentage 

Alabama........................................ W W -- W W - - 327 53.17

Colorado ....................................... W W -- W W - - 353 67.96

Illinois........................................... W W -- W W - - 787 58.26

Indiana .......................................... 235 63.54 - - - - - - 235 63.54

Kentucky Total ............................. 751 50.26 W W W W - - 812 50.39

 Eastern ........................................ W W W W W W - - 582 50.82

 Western....................................... W W -- W W - - 229 49.30

Maryland....................................... W W -- W W - - W W

New Mexico.................................. W W - - - - - - W W

Ohio .............................................. 122 60.29 W W W W - - 242 60.09

Oklahoma...................................... W W - - - - - - W W

Pennsylvania Total ....................... 75 59.99 W W W W - - 456 65.89

 Anthracite ................................... W W W W - - - - 2 78.91

 Bituminous.................................. W W -- W W - - 454 65.84

Tennessee...................................... 10 71.59 - - - - - - 10 71.59

Utah............................................... 12 60.84 - - 353 51.76 - - 364 52.05

Virginia......................................... W W -- W W - - 206 53.25

West Virginia Total ...................... W W W W W W - - 1,158 57.62

 Northern...................................... W W -- W W - - 506 63.10

 Southern...................................... W W W W W W - - 653 53.37

 

U.S. Total ..................................... 2,465 55.97 40 51.06 2,667 60.50 - - 5,172 58.27 

1

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by continuous mining methods. 

2

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by conventional mining methods. 

3

 Mines that have any production from the longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent continuous 

mining. 4

 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or 50/50 percent continuous conventional split in mining method. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Recoverable coal reserves at producing mines represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e. mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. 

Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic 

area. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 31

Table 18. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine 

Production Range and Mine Type, 2001 

 (Million Short Tons) 

Underground Surface Total Mine Production Range 

(thousand short tons) Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Average Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Average Recovery 

Percentage 

Recoverable Coal 

Reserves 

Average Recovery 

Percentage 

Over 1,000 ................................................. 3,779 58.97 11,649 91.85 15,428 83.80

500 to 1,000 ............................................... 490 58.21 483 87.07 973 72.53

200 to 500 .................................................. 536 55.35 340 82.95 876 66.06

100 to 200 .................................................. 147 58.05 67 79.91 214 64.93

50 to 100 .................................................... 94 56.87 38 80.91 132 63.72

10 to 50 ...................................................... 125 51.08 52 81.33 178 60.00

 

U.S. Total .................................................. 5,172 58.27 12,629 91.29 17,801 81.70 

 Note: • Recoverable coal reserves at producing mines represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e. mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. 

Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic 

area. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data and refuse recovery. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 33

Employment 
34 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 19. Average Number of Employees by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000 

2001 2000 Percent Change Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total 

Alabama....................................... 2,702 631 3,333 2,775 548 3,323 -2.6 15.1 0.3

Alaska .......................................... - 119 119 - 119 119 - - -

Arizona ........................................ - 698 698 - 718 718 - -2.8 -2.8

Arkansas ...................................... 13 4 17 - 7 7 - -42.9 142.9

Colorado ...................................... 1,325 626 1,951 1,246 589 1,835 6.3 6.3 6.3

Illinois.......................................... 3,025 428 3,453 3,106 348 3,454 -2.6 23.0 *

Indiana ......................................... 756 1,787 2,543 510 1,520 2,030 48.2 17.6 25.3

Kansas.......................................... - 9 9 - 8 8 - 12.5 12.5

Kentucky Total ............................ 11,779 5,755 17,534 11,064 4,806 15,870 6.5 19.7 10.5

 Eastern ....................................... 9,915 5,197 15,112 9,044 4,315 13,359 9.6 20.4 13.1

 Western...................................... 1,864 558 2,422 2,020 491 2,511 -7.7 13.6 -3.5

Louisiana...................................... - 186 186 - 172 172 - 8.1 8.1

Maryland...................................... 290 180 470 296 174 470 -2.0 3.4 -

Mississippi ................................... - 128 128 - 108 108 - 18.5 18.5

Missouri ....................................... - 38 38 - 43 43 - -11.6 -11.6

Montana ....................................... - 843 843 - 867 867 - -2.8 -2.8

New Mexico................................. 142 1,586 1,728 14 1,600 1,614 914.3 -0.9 7.1

North Dakota ............................... - 912 912 - 896 896 - 1.8 1.8

Ohio ............................................. 1,513 1,409 2,922 1,556 1,216 2,772 -2.8 15.9 5.4

Oklahoma..................................... 38 115 153 40 141 181 -5.0 -18.4 -15.5

Pennsylvania Total ...................... 5,635 2,751 8,386 5,414 2,808 8,222 4.1 -2.0 2.0

 Anthracite .................................. 272 683 955 292 980 1,272 -6.8 -30.3 -24.9

 Bituminous................................. 5,363 2,068 7,431 5,122 1,828 6,950 4.7 13.1 6.9

Tennessee..................................... 276 290 566 282 199 481 -2.1 45.7 17.7

Texas............................................ - 2,470 2,470 - 2,435 2,435 - 1.4 1.4

Utah.............................................. 1,479 6 1,485 1,669 3 1,672 -11.4 100.0 -11.2

Virginia........................................ 4,084 1,371 5,455 4,031 1,331 5,362 1.3 3.0 1.7

Washington.................................. - 557 557 - 517 517 - 7.7 7.7

West Virginia Total ..................... 11,840 4,739 16,579 11,119 4,084 15,203 6.5 16.0 9.1

 Northern..................................... 3,562 427 3,989 3,384 429 3,813 5.3 -0.5 4.6

 Southern..................................... 8,278 4,312 12,590 7,735 3,655 11,390 7.0 18.0 10.5

Wyoming ..................................... - 4,365 4,365 50 4,319 4,369 -100.0 1.1 *

 

Appalachian Total ..................... 36,255 16,568 52,823 34,517 14,675 49,192 5.0 12.9 7.4

 Northern.................................... 11,000 4,767 15,767 10,650 4,627 15,277 3.3 3.0 3.2

 Central....................................... 22,553 11,170 33,723 21,092 9,500 30,592 6.9 17.6 10.2

 Southern.................................... 2,702 631 3,333 2,775 548 3,323 -2.6 15.1 0.3

Interior Total.............................. 5,696 5,723 11,419 5,676 5,273 10,949 0.4 8.5 4.3

 Illinois Basin............................. 5,645 2,773 8,418 5,636 2,359 7,995 0.2 17.5 5.3

Western Total............................. 2,946 9,712 12,658 2,979 9,628 12,607 -1.1 0.9 0.4

 Powder River Basin.................. - 4,365 4,365 - 4,353 4,353 - 0.3 0.3

 Uinta Region............................. 2,758 568 3,326 2,843 559 3,402 -3.0 1.6 -2.2

 

East of Miss. River..................... 41,900 19,469 61,369 40,153 17,142 57,295 4.4 13.6 7.1

West of Miss. River.................... 2,997 12,534 15,531 3,019 12,434 15,453 -0.7 0.8 0.5

 

U.S. Subtotal............................... 44,897 32,003 76,900 43,172 29,576 72,748 4.0 8.2 5.7

 

Refuse Recovery......................... - - 188 - - - - - -

 

U.S. Total .................................... 44,897 32,003 77,088 43,172 29,576 72,748 4.0 8.2 6.0 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 Note: • Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including 

office workers. Excludes preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours per year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 35

Table 20. Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Mine Production 

Range, 2001 

Mine Production Range 

Coal-Producing (thousand short tons) 

State, Region1, and Mine Type 1,000 and 

Greater 500 to 1,000 200 to 500 100 to 200 50 to 100 10 to 50 Less Than 10 Zero2

Total 

Number of 

Employees 

Alabama...................................................... 2,453 42 255 136 87 90 25 245 3,333

 Underground............................................. 2,453 - - 26 7 42 25 149 2,702

 Surface ...................................................... - 42 255 110 80 48 - 96 631

Alaska.......................................................... 119 - - - - - - - 119

 Surface ...................................................... 119 - - - - - - - 119

Arizona........................................................ 662 - - - - - - 36 698

 Surface ...................................................... 662 - - - - - - 36 698

Arkansas ..................................................... - - - - - - 17 - 17

 Underground............................................. - - - - - - 13 - 13

 Surface ...................................................... - - - - - - 4 - 4

Colorado ..................................................... 1,772 - 91 - - 34 6 48 1,951

 Underground............................................. 1,210 - 61 - - - 6 48 1,325

 Surface ...................................................... 562 - 30 - - 34 - - 626

Illinois.......................................................... 3,087 102 105 - - 42 5 112 3,453

 Underground............................................. 2,899 - - - - 26 - 100 3,025

 Surface ...................................................... 188 102 105 - - 16 5 12 428

Indiana........................................................ 1,853 385 139 67 18 27 14 40 2,543

 Underground............................................. 694 2 39 - - - 9 12 756

 Surface ...................................................... 1,159 383 100 67 18 27 5 28 1,787

Kansas......................................................... - - - 9 - - - - 9

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 9 - - - - 9

Kentucky..................................................... 4,733 2,806 3,380 1,492 1,347 1,319 446 2,011 17,534

 Underground............................................. 3,163 1,930 2,328 933 913 999 188 1,325 11,779

 Surface ...................................................... 1,570 876 1,052 559 434 320 258 686 5,755

 Eastern...................................................... 3,160 2,579 3,102 1,443 1,272 1,319 412 1,825 15,112

 Underground............................................. 1,750 1,782 2,239 933 856 999 188 1,168 9,915

 Surface ...................................................... 1,410 797 863 510 416 320 224 657 5,197

 Western..................................................... 1,573 227 278 49 75 - 34 186 2,422

 Underground............................................. 1,413 148 89 - 57 - - 157 1,864

 Surface ...................................................... 160 79 189 49 18 - 34 29 558

Louisiana .................................................... 147 39 - - - - - - 186

 Surface ...................................................... 147 39 - - - - - - 186

Maryland .................................................... 201 56 118 8 23 22 10 32 470

 Underground............................................. 201 56 - - - - 1 32 290

 Surface ...................................................... - - 118 8 23 22 9 - 180

Mississippi .................................................. - 128 - - - - - - 128

 Surface ...................................................... - 128 - - - - - - 128

Missouri ...................................................... - - - 38 - - - - 38

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 38 - - - - 38

Montana...................................................... 830 - 13 - - - - - 843

 Surface ...................................................... 830 - 13 - - - - - 843

New Mexico ................................................ 1,586 142 - - - - - - 1,728

 Underground............................................. - 142 - - - - - - 142

 Surface ...................................................... 1,586 - - - - - - - 1,586

North Dakota.............................................. 912 - - - - - - - 912

 Surface ...................................................... 912 - - - - - - - 912

Ohio............................................................. 1,375 469 547 189 43 118 67 114 2,922

 Underground............................................. 1,218 - 153 52 - - 37 53 1,513

 Surface ...................................................... 157 469 394 137 43 118 30 61 1,409

Oklahoma ................................................... - 44 91 16 - - 2 - 153

 Underground............................................. - - 38 - - - - - 38

 Surface ...................................................... - 44 53 16 - - 2 - 115

Pennsylvania............................................... 4,086 399 1,182 662 319 388 313 1,037 8,386

 Underground............................................. 3,977 209 406 328 57 73 128 457 5,635

 Surface ...................................................... 109 190 776 334 262 315 185 580 2,751

 Anthracite................................................. - - - 132 51 182 174 416 955

 Underground............................................. - - - 45 - 57 83 87 272

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 87 51 125 91 329 683

 Bituminous................................................ 4,086 399 1,182 530 268 206 139 621 7,431

 Underground............................................. 3,977 209 406 283 57 16 45 370 5,363

 Surface ...................................................... 109 190 776 247 211 190 94 251 2,068

Tennessee.................................................... - - 223 157 53 69 6 58 566

 Underground............................................. - - 58 109 39 34 - 36 276

 Surface ...................................................... - - 165 48 14 35 6 22 290

Texas ........................................................... 2,362 - 67 39 - - - 2 2,470

 Surface ...................................................... 2,362 - 67 39 - - - 2 2,470

Utah............................................................. 1,079 302 35 - - 16 - 53 1,485

 Underground............................................. 1,079 302 35 - - 16 - 47 1,479

 Surface ...................................................... - - - - - - - 6 6

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
36 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 20. Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Mine Production 

Range, 2001 (Continued) 

Mine Production Range 

Coal-Producing (thousand short tons) 

State, Region 1

, and Mine Type 1,000 and 

Greater 500 to 1,000 200 to 500 100 to 200 50 to 100 10 to 50 Less Than 10 Zero 2

Total 

Number of 

Employees 

Virginia ....................................................... 788 818 1,517 602 625 364 140 601 5,455

 Underground............................................. 701 576 1,075 408 482 293 110 439 4,084

 Surface ...................................................... 87 242 442 194 143 71 30 162 1,371

Washington................................................. 557 - - - - - - - 557

 Surface ...................................................... 557 - - - - - - - 557

West Virginia ............................................. 7,874 1,729 2,639 924 607 573 178 2,055 16,579

 Underground............................................. 5,459 1,266 1,927 739 526 385 106 1,432 11,840

 Surface ...................................................... 2,415 463 712 185 81 188 72 623 4,739

 Northern Total ......................................... 2,543 293 401 205 82 142 37 286 3,989

 Underground............................................. 2,401 219 378 179 50 100 11 224 3,562

 Surface ...................................................... 142 74 23 26 32 42 26 62 427

 Southern Total ......................................... 5,331 1,436 2,238 719 525 431 141 1,769 12,590

 Underground............................................. 3,058 1,047 1,549 560 476 285 95 1,208 8,278

 Surface ...................................................... 2,273 389 689 159 49 146 46 561 4,312

Wyoming..................................................... 4,321 - 44 - - - - - 4,365

 Surface ...................................................... 4,321 - 44 - - - - - 4,365

 

Appalachian Total ..................................... 19,937 6,092 9,583 4,121 3,029 2,943 1,151 5,967 52,823

 Underground............................................. 15,759 3,889 5,858 2,595 1,967 1,826 595 3,766 36,255

 Surface ...................................................... 4,178 2,203 3,725 1,526 1,062 1,117 556 2,201 16,568

 Northern ................................................... 8,205 1,217 2,248 1,064 467 670 427 1,469 15,767

 Underground............................................. 7,797 484 937 559 107 173 177 766 11,000

 Surface ...................................................... 408 733 1,311 505 360 497 250 703 4,767

 Central ...................................................... 9,279 4,833 7,080 2,921 2,475 2,183 699 4,253 33,723

 Underground............................................. 5,509 3,405 4,921 2,010 1,853 1,611 393 2,851 22,553

 Surface ...................................................... 3,770 1,428 2,159 911 622 572 306 1,402 11,170

 Southern.................................................... 2,453 42 255 136 87 90 25 245 3,333

 Underground............................................. 2,453 - - 26 7 42 25 149 2,702

 Surface ...................................................... - 42 255 110 80 48 - 96 631

Interior Total.............................................. 9,022 925 680 218 93 69 72 340 11,419

 Underground............................................. 5,006 150 166 - 57 26 22 269 5,696

 Surface ...................................................... 4,016 775 514 218 36 43 50 71 5,723

 Illinois Basin............................................. 6,513 714 522 116 93 69 53 338 8,418

 Underground............................................. 5,006 150 128 - 57 26 9 269 5,645

 Surface ...................................................... 1,507 564 394 116 36 43 44 69 2,773

Western Total............................................. 11,838 444 183 - - 50 6 137 12,658

 Underground............................................. 2,289 444 96 - - 16 6 95 2,946

 Surface ...................................................... 9,549 - 87 - - 34 - 42 9,712

 Powder River Basin................................. 4,365 - - - - - - - 4,365

 Surface ...................................................... 4,365 - - - - - - - 4,365

 Uinta Region............................................. 2,851 302 56 - - 16 - 101 3,326

 Underground............................................. 2,289 302 56 - - 16 - 95 2,758

 Surface ...................................................... 562 - - - - - - 6 568

 

East of Miss. River..................................... 26,450 6,934 10,105 4,237 3,122 3,012 1,204 6,305 61,369

 Underground............................................. 20,765 4,039 5,986 2,595 2,024 1,852 604 4,035 41,900

 Surface ...................................................... 5,685 2,895 4,119 1,642 1,098 1,160 600 2,270 19,469

West of Miss. River.................................... 14,347 527 341 102 - 50 25 139 15,531

 Underground............................................. 2,289 444 134 - - 16 19 95 2,997

 Surface ...................................................... 12,058 83 207 102 - 34 6 44 12,534

 

Subtotal....................................................... 40,797 7,461 10,446 4,339 3,122 3,062 1,229 6,444 76,900

 Underground............................................. 23,054 4,483 6,120 2,595 2,024 1,868 623 4,130 44,897

 Surface ...................................................... 17,743 2,978 4,326 1,744 1,098 1,194 606 2,314 32,003

 

Refuse Recovery......................................... - - 16 18 55 55 44 - 188

 

 U.S. Total .................................................... 40,797 7,461 10,462 4,357 3,177 3,117 1,273 6,444 77,088

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine. 

 Note: • Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including 

office workers. Excludes preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours per year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 37

Table 21. Average Number of Employees at Underground and Surface Mines by State and Union Status, 2001 

Union2 Nonunion2

Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Underground Surface Underground Surface 

Alabama............................................... 2,514 27 163 621

Alaska .................................................. - - - 119

Arizona ................................................ - 698 - -

Colorado .............................................. 157 276 1,162 350

Illinois.................................................. 1,726 208 1,299 215

Indiana ................................................. - 344 747 1,438

Kansas.................................................. - - - 9

Kentucky Total .................................... 1,024 221 10,567 5,334

 Eastern ............................................... 101 135 9,626 4,882

 Western.............................................. 923 86 941 452

Louisiana.............................................. - - - 186

Maryland.............................................. - - 289 171

Mississippi ........................................... - - - 128

Missouri ............................................... - - - 38

Montana ............................................... - 712 - 131

New Mexico......................................... 142 1,285 - 301

North Dakota ....................................... - 272 - 640

Ohio ..................................................... 962 190 514 1,189

Oklahoma............................................. - - 38 113

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 3,459 310 2,048 2,288

 Anthracite .......................................... - 231 189 374

 Bituminous......................................... 3,459 79 1,859 1,914

Tennessee............................................. 19 - 257 284

Texas.................................................... - 1,629 - 841

Utah...................................................... 577 - 902 6

Virginia................................................ 800 88 3,174 1,267

Washington.......................................... - 557 - -

West Virginia Total ............................. 4,971 1,182 6,763 3,508

 Northern............................................. 2,271 - 1,280 401

 Southern............................................. 2,700 1,182 5,483 3,107

Wyoming ............................................. - 626 - 3,739

Appalachian Total ............................. 12,826 1,932 22,834 14,210

 Northern............................................ 6,692 500 4,131 4,049

 Central............................................... 3,620 1,405 18,540 9,540

 Southern............................................ 2,514 27 163 621

Interior Total...................................... 2,649 2,267 3,025 3,420

 Illinois Basin..................................... 2,649 638 2,987 2,105

Western Total..................................... 876 4,426 2,064 5,286

 Powder River Basin.......................... - 699 - 3,666

 Uinta Region..................................... 734 246 2,024 322

East of Miss. River............................. 15,475 2,570 25,821 16,443

West of Miss. River............................ 876 6,055 2,102 6,473

U.S. Total ............................................ 16,351 8,625 27,923 22,916 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine. 

 Note: • Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including 

office workers. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours per year, which are not required to provide 

data. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administraion Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 39

Productivity 
40 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 22. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000 

Number of Mining Operations2 Number of Employees3

Average Production 

per Employee 

per Hour 

(short tons)4

Coal-Producing 

State, Region1, and 

Mine Type 

2001 2000 Percent 

Change 2001 2000 Percent Change 2001 2000 Percent Change 

Alabama...................................... 60 59 1.7 3,333 3,323 0.3 2.75 2.75 0.1

 Underground............................. 20 17 17.6 2,702 2,775 -2.6 2.70 2.68 0.8

 Surface ...................................... 40 42 -4.8 631 548 15.1 2.97 3.15 -5.6

Alaska.......................................... 1 1 - 119 119 - 5.99 6.05 -1.1

 Surface ...................................... 1 1 - 119 119 - 5.99 6.05 -1.1

Arizona........................................ 3 3 - 698 718 -2.8 7.69 7.15 7.5

 Surface ...................................... 3 3 - 698 718 -2.8 7.69 7.15 7.5

Arkansas ..................................... 3 3 - 17 7 142.9 * 1.30 -67.4

 Underground............................. 1 - - 13 - - * - -

 Surface ...................................... 2 3 -33.3 4 7 -42.9 1.86 1.30 42.7

Colorado ..................................... 15 14 7.1 1,951 1,835 6.3 8.43 7.64 10.2

 Underground............................. 10 10 - 1,325 1,246 6.3 8.58 7.84 9.5

 Surface ...................................... 5 4 25.0 626 589 6.3 8.09 7.26 11.5

Illinois.......................................... 28 23 21.7 3,453 3,454 * 4.22 4.32 -2.4

 Underground............................. 19 16 18.8 3,025 3,106 -2.6 4.07 4.30 -5.3

 Surface ...................................... 9 7 28.6 428 348 23.0 5.11 4.47 14.3

Indiana........................................ 41 37 10.8 2,543 2,030 25.3 5.69 5.67 0.4

 Underground............................. 9 9 - 756 510 48.2 4.02 3.40 18.3

 Surface ...................................... 32 28 14.3 1,787 1,520 17.6 6.33 6.31 0.4

Kansas......................................... 1 1 - 9 8 12.5 10.42 11.10 -6.1

 Surface ...................................... 1 1 - 9 8 12.5 10.42 11.10 -6.1

Kentucky..................................... 601 534 12.5 17,534 15,870 10.5 3.66 3.95 -7.4

 Underground............................. 334 313 6.7 11,779 11,064 6.5 3.32 3.53 -6.1

 Surface ...................................... 267 221 20.8 5,755 4,806 19.7 4.34 4.86 -10.7

 Eastern...................................... 566 496 14.1 15,112 13,359 13.1 3.52 3.84 -8.4

 Underground............................. 318 293 8.5 9,915 9,044 9.6 3.10 3.32 -6.7

 Surface ...................................... 248 203 22.2 5,197 4,315 20.4 4.28 4.85 -11.7

 Western..................................... 35 38 -7.9 2,422 2,511 -3.5 4.43 4.46 -0.7

 Underground............................. 16 20 -20.0 1,864 2,020 -7.7 4.30 4.34 -0.8

 Surface ...................................... 19 18 5.6 558 491 13.6 4.92 4.99 -1.4

Louisiana .................................... 2 2 - 186 172 8.1 9.08 10.30 -11.8

 Surface ...................................... 2 2 - 186 172 8.1 9.08 10.30 -11.8

Maryland .................................... 16 17 -5.9 470 470 - 4.46 4.39 1.5

 Underground............................. 4 3 33.3 290 296 -2.0 4.94 4.76 3.7

 Surface ...................................... 12 14 -14.3 180 174 3.4 3.63 3.70 -1.9

Mississippi .................................. 1 1 - 128 108 18.5 2.58 3.84 -32.8

 Surface ...................................... 1 1 - 128 108 18.5 2.58 3.84 -32.8

Missouri ...................................... 2 2 - 38 43 -11.6 3.97 4.17 -4.8

 Surface ...................................... 2 2 - 38 43 -11.6 3.97 4.17 -4.8

Montana...................................... 6 6 - 843 867 -2.8 23.67 22.85 3.6

 Surface ...................................... 6 6 - 843 867 -2.8 23.67 22.85 3.6

New Mexico ................................ 7 7 - 1,728 1,614 7.1 8.03 8.45 -4.9

 Underground............................. 1 1 - 142 14 914.3 2.25 * 1,054.6

 Surface ...................................... 6 6 - 1,586 1,600 -0.9 8.55 8.50 0.6

North Dakota.............................. 4 4 - 912 896 1.8 17.12 17.63 -2.9

 Surface ...................................... 4 4 - 912 896 1.8 17.12 17.63 -2.9

Ohio............................................. 72 71 1.4 2,922 2,772 5.4 3.82 3.53 8.2

 Underground............................. 15 14 7.1 1,513 1,556 -2.8 4.03 3.47 16.3

 Surface ...................................... 57 57 - 1,409 1,216 15.9 3.62 3.61 0.2

Oklahoma ................................... 6 8 -25.0 153 181 -15.5 4.39 3.46 27.0

 Underground............................. 1 1 - 38 40 -5.0 4.61 2.52 82.5

 Surface ...................................... 5 7 -28.6 115 141 -18.4 4.33 3.71 16.8

Pennsylvania............................... 358 395 -9.4 8,386 8,222 2.0 4.07 4.27 -4.7

 Underground............................. 109 120 -9.2 5,635 5,414 4.1 4.70 4.93 -4.7

 Surface ...................................... 249 275 -9.5 2,751 2,808 -2.0 2.74 2.90 -5.5

 Anthracite................................. 118 158 -25.3 955 1,272 -24.9 0.82 1.89 -56.5

 Underground............................. 43 50 -14.0 272 292 -6.8 0.71 0.64 10.6

 Surface ...................................... 75 108 -30.6 683 980 -30.3 0.86 2.14 -60.0

 Bituminous................................ 240 237 1.3 7,431 6,950 6.9 4.43 4.66 -4.9

 Underground............................. 66 70 -5.7 5,363 5,122 4.7 4.86 5.11 -4.9

 Surface ...................................... 174 167 4.2 2,068 1,828 13.1 3.29 3.30 -0.1

Tennessee.................................... 31 28 10.7 566 481 17.7 3.09 2.83 9.1

 Underground............................. 15 16 -6.3 276 282 -2.1 2.99 2.77 7.8

 Surface ...................................... 16 12 33.3 290 199 45.7 3.16 2.90 8.8

Texas ........................................... 15 14 7.1 2,470 2,435 1.4 8.67 9.71 -10.8

 Surface ...................................... 15 14 7.1 2,470 2,435 1.4 8.67 9.71 -10.8

Utah............................................. 19 18 5.6 1,485 1,672 -11.2 8.99 7.58 18.6

 Underground............................. 17 17 - 1,479 1,669 -11.4 9.03 7.59 19.0

 Surface ...................................... 2 1 100.0 6 3 100.0 - - -

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 41

Table 22. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000 (Continued) 

Number of Mining Operations 2 Number of Employees 3

Average Production 

per Employee 

per Hour 

(short tons) 4

Coal-Producing 

State, Region 1 , 

and Mine Type 

2001 2000 Percent 

Change 2001 2000 Percent Change 2001 2000 Percent Change 

Virginia ....................................... 199 201 -1.0 5,455 5,362 1.7 2.94 3.13 -6.2

 Underground............................. 132 131 0.8 4,084 4,031 1.3 2.69 2.94 -8.5

 Surface ...................................... 67 70 -4.3 1,371 1,331 3.0 3.67 3.71 -1.0

Washington................................. 1 2 -50.0 557 517 7.7 3.95 3.84 2.9

 Surface ...................................... 1 2 -50.0 557 517 7.7 3.95 3.84 2.9

West Virginia ............................. 409 402 1.7 16,579 15,203 9.1 4.54 4.91 -7.5

 Underground............................. 259 263 -1.5 11,840 11,119 6.5 4.01 4.30 -6.7

 Surface ...................................... 150 139 7.9 4,739 4,084 16.0 5.74 6.41 -10.4

 Northern ................................... 80 88 -9.1 3,989 3,813 4.6 4.62 4.75 -2.8

 Underground............................. 47 50 -6.0 3,562 3,384 5.3 4.45 4.58 -2.7

 Surface ...................................... 33 38 -13.2 427 429 -0.5 5.96 6.21 -3.9

 Southern.................................... 329 314 4.8 12,590 11,390 10.5 4.52 4.96 -8.9

 Underground............................. 212 213 -0.5 8,278 7,735 7.0 3.83 4.18 -8.4

 Surface ...................................... 117 101 15.8 4,312 3,655 18.0 5.72 6.43 -11.0

Wyoming..................................... 17 21 -19.0 4,365 4,369 * 39.67 38.29 3.6

 Underground............................. - 1 -100.0 - 50 -100.0 - 11.61 -100.0

 Surface ...................................... 17 20 -15.0 4,365 4,319 1.1 39.67 38.60 2.7

 

Appalachian Total ..................... 1,711 1,669 2.5 52,823 49,192 7.4 3.85 4.08 -5.6

 Underground............................. 872 857 1.8 36,255 34,517 5.0 3.64 3.82 -4.7

 Surface ...................................... 839 812 3.3 16,568 14,675 12.9 4.28 4.65 -7.9

 Northern ................................... 526 571 -7.9 15,767 15,277 3.2 4.17 4.25 -1.9

 Underground............................. 175 187 -6.4 11,000 10,650 3.3 4.54 4.60 -1.3

 Surface ...................................... 351 384 -8.6 4,767 4,627 3.0 3.33 3.42 -2.6

 Central ...................................... 1,125 1,039 8.3 33,723 30,592 10.2 3.81 4.14 -8.0

 Underground............................. 677 653 3.7 22,553 21,092 6.9 3.30 3.56 -7.4

 Surface ...................................... 448 386 16.1 11,170 9,500 17.6 4.77 5.31 -10.1

 Southern.................................... 60 59 1.7 3,333 3,323 0.3 2.75 2.75 0.1

 Underground............................. 20 17 17.6 2,702 2,775 -2.6 2.70 2.68 0.8

 Surface ...................................... 40 42 -4.8 631 548 15.1 2.97 3.15 -5.6

Interior Total.............................. 134 129 3.9 11,419 10,949 4.3 5.56 5.80 -4.2

 Underground............................. 46 46 - 5,696 5,676 0.4 4.14 4.22 -2.1

 Surface ...................................... 88 83 6.0 5,723 5,273 8.5 6.99 7.49 -6.7

 Illinois Basin............................. 104 98 6.1 8,418 7,995 5.3 4.75 4.72 0.5

 Underground............................. 44 45 -2.2 5,645 5,636 0.2 4.14 4.24 -2.3

 Surface ...................................... 60 53 13.2 2,773 2,359 17.5 5.90 5.79 1.9

Western Total............................. 73 76 -3.9 12,658 12,607 0.4 20.64 19.58 5.4

 Underground............................. 28 29 -3.4 2,946 2,979 -1.1 8.48 7.73 9.7

 Surface ...................................... 45 47 -4.3 9,712 9,628 0.9 24.22 23.26 4.1

 Powder River Basin................. 17 20 -15.0 4,365 4,353 0.3 42.71 41.04 4.1

 Underground............................. - - - - - - - - -

 Surface ...................................... 17 20 -15.0 4,365 4,353 0.3 42.71 41.04 4.1

 Uinta Region............................. 30 29 3.4 3,326 3,402 -2.2 8.79 7.74 13.6

 Underground............................. 25 25 - 2,758 2,843 -3.0 8.90 7.82 13.9

 Surface ...................................... 5 4 25.0 568 559 1.6 8.21 7.34 11.8

 

East of Miss. River..................... 1,816 1,768 2.7 61,369 57,295 7.1 3.99 4.18 -4.6

 Underground............................. 916 902 1.6 41,900 40,153 4.4 3.72 3.89 -4.4

 Surface ...................................... 900 866 3.9 19,469 17,142 13.6 4.53 4.82 -6.0

West of Miss. River.................... 102 106 -3.8 15,531 15,453 0.5 18.32 17.62 4.0

 Underground............................. 30 30 - 2,997 3,019 -0.7 8.39 7.66 9.6

 Surface ...................................... 72 76 -5.3 12,534 12,434 0.8 20.63 20.04 2.9

 

Subtotal....................................... 1,918 1,874 2.3 76,900 72,748 5.7 6.83 6.99 -2.3

 Underground............................. 946 932 1.5 44,897 43,172 4.0 4.02 4.15 -3.1

 Surface ...................................... 972 942 3.2 32,003 29,576 8.2 10.61 11.01 -3.6

 

Refuse Recovery......................... 34 - - 188 - - 5.28 - -

 

U.S. Total .................................... 1 ,952 1,874 4.2 77,088 72,748 6.0 6.82 6.99 -2.5

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Mining operations that consist of a mine and preparation plant or preparation plant only processing both underground and surface coal are reported as two operations. 3

 Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including office 

workers. 4

 Calculated by dividing total coal production by the total labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, 

repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. 

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 Note: • Excludes preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours per year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
42 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 23. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method, 2001 

 (Short Tons Produced per Employee per Hour) 

Coal-Producing 

State and Region1 Continuous2

 Conventional3 Longwall4 Other5 Total 

Alabama............................................ 1.34 - 2.74 - 2.71

Colorado ........................................... 4.35 - 8.82 - 8.59

Illinois............................................... 4.04 - 4.12 - 4.07

Indiana .............................................. 3.97 - - - 3.97

Kentucky Total ................................. 3.35 2.43 3.58 2.08 3.33

 East ................................................. 3.15 2.43 3.10 2.08 3.11

 West ................................................ 4.80 - 3.68 - 4.32

Maryland........................................... 3.88 - 5.22 - 4.93

New Mexico...................................... 2.25 - - - 2.25

Ohio .................................................. 3.02 8.33 4.19 - 4.06

Oklahoma.......................................... 4.61 - - - 4.61

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 3.27 0.83 5.25 - 4.72

 Anthracite ....................................... 0.74 0.83 - - 0.75

 Bituminous...................................... 3.56 - 5.25 - 4.85

Tennessee.......................................... 2.99 - - - 2.99

Utah................................................... 4.06 - 10.08 - 9.03

Virginia............................................. 2.34 - 4.20 2.88 2.71

West Virginia Total .......................... 3.58 2.94 4.71 2.75 4.02

 Northern.......................................... 3.90 - 4.76 - 4.46

 Southern.......................................... 3.51 2.94 4.66 2.75 3.83

 

Appalachian Total .......................... 3.17 2.99 4.43 2.46 3.65

 Northern......................................... 3.49 5.70 4.97 - 4.55

 Central............................................ 3.12 2.50 4.47 2.46 3.31

 Southern......................................... 1.34 - 2.74 - 2.71

Interior Total................................... 3.78 - 3.57 - 3.70

 Illinois Basin.................................. 4.26 - 3.95 - 4.14

Western Total.................................. 3.53 - 9.43 - 8.49

 Powder River Basin....................... - ----

 Uinta Region.................................. 4.28 - 9.42 - 8.90

 

East of Miss. River.......................... 3.34 2.99 4.36 2.46 3.73

West of Miss. River......................... 3.62 - 9.43 - 8.43

 

U.S. Total ......................................... 3.35 2.99 5.02 2.46 4.03 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by continuous mining methods. 

3

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by conventional mining methods. 

4

 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent continuous mining. 5

 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods, or a 50/50 percent conventional/conventional split in mining method. 

 Note: • For each State, stand alone preparation plant hours are distributed across mining methods by the proportion of production for all stand alone mines. Productivity 

is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, 

maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal and preparation plants with 

less than 5,000 employee hours during the year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 43

Table 24. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 2001 

 (Short Tons Coal Produced per Employee per Hour) 

Coal-Producing Mine Production Range 

State, Region1, 

and Mine Type 1,000 and 

Greater 500 to 1,000 200 to 500 100 to 200 50 to 100 10 to 50 Less Than 10 

Total2

Alabama...................................................... 2.86 4.40 3.28 2.70 3.13 2.52 * 2.75

 Underground............................................. 2.86 - - 2.41 - 1.12 * 2.70

 Surface ...................................................... - 4.40 3.28 2.75 3.13 3.47 * 2.97

Alaska.......................................................... 5.99 - - - - - - 5.99

 Surface ...................................................... 5.99 - - - - - - 5.99

Arizona........................................................ 7.99 - - - - - - 7.69

 Surface ...................................................... 7.99 - - - - - - 7.69

Arkansas ..................................................... - - - - - - * *

 Underground............................................. - - - - - - * *

 Surface ...................................................... - - - - - - 1.86 1.86

Colorado ..................................................... 8.77 - 5.09 - - 0.67 * 8.43

 Underground............................................. 8.97 - 4.54 - - - * 8.58

 Surface ...................................................... 8.31 - 6.32 - - 0.67 - 8.09

Illinois.......................................................... 4.47 3.52 3.39 - - 0.80 * 4.22

 Underground............................................. 4.24 - - - - 0.78 - 4.07

 Surface ...................................................... 7.31 3.52 3.39 - - 0.85 * 5.11

Indiana........................................................ 5.90 5.77 5.19 3.95 3.76 2.45 * 5.69

 Underground............................................. 4.11 - 4.26 - - - * 4.02

 Surface ...................................................... 6.84 5.80 5.53 3.95 3.76 2.45 * 6.33

Kansas......................................................... - - - 10.42 - - - 10.42

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 10.42 - - - 10.42

Kentucky..................................................... 4.97 4.46 3.70 3.26 2.86 2.26 * 3.66

 Underground............................................. 4.46 4.10 3.43 2.92 2.49 1.93 * 3.32

 Surface ...................................................... 5.97 5.18 4.26 3.90 3.83 3.19 * 4.34

 Eastern...................................................... 4.98 4.47 3.67 3.21 2.80 2.26 * 3.52

 Underground............................................. 4.17 4.06 3.47 2.92 2.48 1.93 * 3.10

 Surface ...................................................... 5.94 5.29 4.16 3.80 3.65 3.19 * 4.28

 Western..................................................... 4.97 4.36 4.03 4.99 3.96 - * 4.43

 Underground............................................. 4.82 4.54 2.31 - 2.72 - - 4.30

 Surface ...................................................... 6.30 4.02 4.75 4.99 9.32 - * 4.92

Louisiana .................................................... 8.63 10.81 - - - - - 9.08

 Surface ...................................................... 8.63 10.81 - - - - - 9.08

Maryland .................................................... 5.91 4.39 3.87 9.41 1.55 2.74 * 4.46

 Underground............................................. 5.91 4.39 - - - - * 4.94

 Surface ...................................................... - - 3.87 9.41 1.55 2.74 0.99 3.63

Mississippi .................................................. - 2.58 - - - - - 2.58

 Surface ...................................................... - 2.58 - - - - - 2.58

Missouri ...................................................... - - - 3.97 - - - 3.97

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 3.97 - - - 3.97

Montana...................................................... 23.83 - 13.49 - - - - 23.67

 Surface ...................................................... 23.83 - 13.49 - - - - 23.67

New Mexico ................................................ 8.55 2.25 - - - - - 8.03

 Underground............................................. - 2.25 - - - - - 2.25

 Surface ...................................................... 8.55 - - - - - - 8.55

North Dakota.............................................. 17.12 - - - - - - 17.12

 Surface ...................................................... 17.12 - - - - - - 17.12

Ohio............................................................. 4.46 4.17 3.71 3.09 0.92 1.64 * 3.82

 Underground............................................. 4.39 - 2.61 3.44 - - * 4.03

 Surface ...................................................... 4.90 4.17 4.00 3.00 0.92 1.64 * 3.62

Oklahoma ................................................... - 4.26 4.43 5.04 - - 1.04 4.39

 Underground............................................. - - 4.61 - - - - 4.61

 Surface ...................................................... - 4.26 4.32 5.04 - - 1.04 4.33

Pennsylvania............................................... 5.53 2.70 4.12 3.35 2.92 2.47 * 4.07

 Underground............................................. 5.48 2.83 5.29 3.12 2.33 0.94 * 4.70

 Surface ...................................................... 7.16 2.56 3.53 3.55 3.04 2.83 * 2.74

 Anthracite................................................. - - - 1.91 2.05 1.70 * 0.82

 Underground............................................. - - - 1.85 - 1.10 * 0.71

 Surface ...................................................... - - - 1.94 2.05 1.93 * 0.86

 Bituminous................................................ 5.53 2.70 4.12 3.70 3.07 3.32 * 4.43

 Underground............................................. 5.48 2.83 5.29 3.33 2.33 * * 4.86

 Surface ...................................................... 7.16 2.56 3.53 4.05 3.27 3.60 * 3.29

Tennessee.................................................... - - 3.90 3.21 2.66 2.57 * 3.09

 Underground............................................. - - 4.77 3.46 2.46 2.62 - 2.99

 Surface ...................................................... - - 3.68 2.85 3.14 2.51 * 3.16

Texas ........................................................... 8.84 - 8.57 1.22 - - - 8.67

 Surface ...................................................... 8.84 - 8.57 1.22 - - - 8.67

Utah............................................................. 10.49 6.01 3.45 - - 0.72 - 8.99

 Underground............................................. 10.49 6.01 3.45 - - 0.72 - 9.03

Virginia ....................................................... 4.30 3.87 3.20 2.94 2.41 1.96 * 2.94

 

See footnotes at end of table. 
44 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 24. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Short Tons Coal Produced per Employee per Hour) 

Coal-Producing Mine Production Range 

State, Region 1, 

and Mine Type 1,000 and 

Greater 500 to 1,000 200 to 500 100 to 200 50 to 100 10 to 50 Less Than 10 

Total 2

Virginia (continued) 

 Underground............................................. 4.20 3.38 2.76 2.57 2.36 1.80 * 2.69

 Surface ...................................................... 5.05 4.93 4.19 4.06 2.57 2.80 * 3.67

Washington................................................. 3.95 - - - - - - 3.95

 Surface ...................................................... 3.95 - - - - - - 3.95

West Virginia ............................................. 5.91 5.17 4.27 3.35 2.90 2.64 * 4.54

 Underground............................................. 5.21 4.48 3.92 3.29 2.71 2.31 * 4.01

 Surface ...................................................... 7.32 6.84 5.20 3.58 4.13 3.33 * 5.74

 Northern Total ......................................... 5.10 5.86 4.70 3.87 3.67 2.76 * 4.62

 Underground............................................. 4.76 5.53 4.69 4.06 3.63 2.74 * 4.45

 Surface ...................................................... 11.05 6.84 4.86 2.96 3.71 2.77 * 5.96

 Southern Total ......................................... 6.27 5.04 4.21 3.21 2.75 2.60 * 4.52

 Underground............................................. 5.55 4.26 3.76 3.06 2.60 2.24 * 3.83

 Surface ...................................................... 7.13 6.84 5.21 3.70 4.65 3.75 * 5.72

Wyoming..................................................... 39.99 - 8.54 - - - - 39.67

 Surface ...................................................... 39.99 - 8.54 - - - - 39.67

 

Appalachian Total ..................................... 5.16 4.44 3.82 3.21 2.70 2.31 * 3.85

 Underground............................................. 4.70 4.03 3.62 3.01 2.50 1.91 * 3.64

 Surface ...................................................... 6.69 5.09 4.10 3.54 3.04 2.81 * 4.28

 Northern ................................................... 5.23 4.06 4.09 3.43 2.73 2.36 * 4.17

 Underground............................................. 5.11 4.18 4.70 3.41 2.83 1.48 * 4.54

 Surface ...................................................... 7.37 3.98 3.73 3.45 2.71 2.54 * 3.33

 Central ...................................................... 5.64 4.54 3.75 3.15 2.67 2.28 * 3.81

 Underground............................................. 4.91 4.01 3.42 2.90 2.47 1.98 * 3.30

 Surface ...................................................... 6.62 5.67 4.45 3.76 3.37 3.20 * 4.77

 Southern.................................................... 2.86 4.40 3.28 2.70 3.13 2.52 * 2.75

 Underground............................................. 2.86 - - 2.41 - 1.12 * 2.70

 Surface ...................................................... - 4.40 3.28 2.75 3.13 3.47 * 2.97

Interior Total.............................................. 5.98 4.95 4.44 3.79 3.92 1.16 * 5.56

 Underground............................................. 4.40 4.47 3.43 - 2.72 0.78 * 4.14

 Surface ...................................................... 7.98 5.04 4.76 3.79 6.01 1.65 * 6.99

 Illinois Basin............................................. 5.02 5.02 4.23 4.36 3.92 1.16 * 4.75

 Underground............................................. 4.40 4.47 3.02 - 2.72 0.78 * 4.14

 Surface ...................................................... 6.85 5.16 4.58 4.36 6.01 1.65 * 5.90

Western Total............................................. 21.64 4.66 6.10 - - 0.70 * 20.64

 Underground............................................. 9.68 4.66 4.11 - - 0.72 * 8.48

 Surface ...................................................... 24.47 - 8.51 - - 0.67 - 24.22

 Powder River Basin................................. 42.71 - - - - - - 42.71

 Surface ...................................................... 42.71 - - - - - - 42.71

 Uinta Region............................................. 9.42 6.01 4.69 - - 0.72 - 8.79

 Underground............................................. 9.68 6.01 4.69 - - 0.72 - 8.90

 Surface ...................................................... 8.31 - - - - - - 8.21

 

East of Miss. River..................................... 5.13 4.48 3.84 3.24 2.73 2.28 * 3.99

 Underground............................................. 4.63 4.05 3.61 3.01 2.50 1.89 * 3.72

 Surface ...................................................... 6.74 5.02 4.14 3.59 3.11 2.79 * 4.53

West of Miss. River.................................... 19.39 5.11 5.75 3.36 - 0.70 * 18.32

 Underground............................................. 9.68 4.66 4.25 - - 0.72 * 8.39

 Surface ...................................................... 21.20 6.96 6.96 3.36 - 0.67 * 20.63

 

Subtotal....................................................... 9.82 4.51 3.90 3.24 2.73 2.26 * 6.83

 Underground............................................. 5.09 4.10 3.62 3.01 2.50 1.87 * 4.02

 Surface ...................................................... 15.93 5.08 4.25 3.58 3.11 2.76 * 10.61

 

Refuse Recovery......................................... - - 4.74 8.46 2.99 4.04 0.76 3.83

 

U.S. Total ................................................... . 9.82 4.51 3.90 3.26 2.73 2.31 * 6.82

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

2

 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine. 

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 Note: • Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, 

development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours during 

the year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 45

Table 25. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Status, 2001 

 (Short Tons Produced per Employee per Hour) 

Union Nonunion Coal-Producing 

State and Region1

Underground Surface Underground Surface 

Alabama............................................... 2.80 - 0.65 2.95

Alaska .................................................. - - - 5.99

Arizona ................................................ - 7.69 - -

Colorado .............................................. 6.08 7.32 8.94 8.73

Illinois.................................................. 3.82 3.44 4.39 6.71

Indiana ................................................. - 5.15 4.03 6.58

Kansas.................................................. - - - 10.42

Kentucky Total .................................... 3.65 4.49 3.29 4.33

 Eastern ............................................... 3.38 4.98 3.10 4.25

 Western.............................................. 3.67 3.71 4.91 5.13

Louisiana.............................................. - - - 9.08

Maryland.............................................. - - 4.93 3.76

Mississippi ........................................... - - - 2.58

Missouri ............................................... - - - 3.97

Montana ............................................... - 20.92 - 39.53

New Mexico......................................... 2.25 8.31 - 9.61

North Dakota ....................................... - 13.73 - 18.48

Ohio ..................................................... 4.20 2.88 3.77 3.74

Oklahoma............................................. - - 4.61 4.38

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 3.81 1.00 6.17 2.99

 Anthracite .......................................... - 0.80 0.71 0.89

 Bituminous......................................... 3.81 1.50 6.68 3.38

Tennessee............................................. 3.46 - 2.94 3.15

Texas.................................................... - 8.33 - 9.34

Utah...................................................... 6.27 - 10.50 -

Virginia................................................ 3.02 3.85 2.62 3.67

Washington.......................................... - 3.95 - -

West Virginia Total ............................. 3.88 5.29 4.13 5.91

 Northern............................................. 4.72 - 3.92 6.17

 Southern............................................. 3.15 5.29 4.17 5.88

Wyoming ............................................. - 8.24 - 44.72

Appalachian Total ............................. 3.62 4.33 3.68 4.29

 Northern............................................ 4.17 1.69 5.19 3.56

 Central............................................... 3.13 5.20 3.34 4.70

 Southern............................................ 2.80 - 0.65 2.95

Interior Total...................................... 3.77 7.11 4.47 6.92

 Illinois Basin..................................... 3.77 4.35 4.47 6.34

Western Total..................................... 5.51 9.76 9.64 36.51

 Powder River Basin.......................... - 21.05 - 46.54

 Uinta Region..................................... 6.22 7.43 9.77 8.79

East of Miss. River............................. 3.64 4.34 3.78 4.58

West of Miss. River............................ 5.51 9.38 9.54 31.27

U.S. Total ............................................ 3.73 7.79 4.21 11.69 

1

 For a definition of coal producing regions, see Glossary. 

 Note: • Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, 

processing, development, maintenance, repair shop, or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal 

and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours during the year, which are not required to provide data. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 47

Domestic Markets 
48 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 26. Coal Consumers in the Manufacturing and Coke Sectors, 2001 

 Company Name Plant Location 

Top Ten Manufacturers

 Aluminum Co of America (IN)(TX)

 Archer Daniels Midland (IA)(IL)(MN)(NE)

 Cemex, Inc (AL)(CO)(FL)(GA)(MI)(OH)(PA)(TN)(TX)

 Dakota Coal Company (ND)

 DAK Americas (DE)(MS)(NC)(SC)(TN)(VA)(WV)

 Eastman Chemical Co (AR)(NY)(SC)(TN)(TX)

 Georgia-Pacific Corp (AL)(AR)(GA)(MI)(OK)(VA)(WI)

 International Paper Co (AL)(FL)(GA)(IN)(LA)(ME)(MI)(MN)(NC)(PA)(SC)(VA)

 Lafarge North America (AL)(GA)(IA)(IL)(KS)(MI)(MO)(NY)(OK)(PA)(SC)(WA)

 Mead Westvaco Corporation (MD)(MI)(OH)(PA)(SC)(VA)

Other Major Manufacturers

 A E Staley Manufacturing Co (IL)(IN)(TN)

 Amalgamated Sugar Co (ID)

 American Crystal Sugar Co (MN)(ND)

 Ash Grove Cement Co (AR)(KS)(MT)(NE)(UT)

 Blue Ridge Paper Prod Inc (NC)

 Bowater Newsprint (AL)(TN)

 California Portland Cement Co (AZ)(CA)

 Cargill Incorporated (GA)(IA)(NC)(NY)(OH)(TN)

 Carmeuse/Marblehead Lime Co (IL)(IN)(MI)

 Celanese Acetate Corp (SC)(VA)

 Celanese Ltd (TX)

 Central Power & Lime Inc (FL)

 Dravo Corp (AL)(KY)

 ESSROC Materials Inc (IN)(MD)(PA)

 FMC Corp (WV)(WY)

 G E Company (IN)(KY)(PA)

 General Chemical Corporation (WY)

 Holcim Inc (AL)(CO)(IA)(MI)(MS)(SC)(UT)

 Ispat Inland, Inc. (IN)

 IMC Chemical Co (CA)

 Kennecott Utah Copper (UT)

 Lehigh Cement Co (AL)(IA)(IN)(MD)(PA)

 Lone Star Industries Inc (IL)(IN)(OK)(TX)

 PPG Industries Inc (WV)

 Silver Bay Power Company (MN)

 Smurfit Stone Container Corp (FL)(MI)(SC)(VA)

 Solutia Inc (AL)(MA)

 Stora Enso North America (WI)

 TXI Opns LPG (TX)

 Weyerhaeuser Corp. (AL)(NC)(WA)

Top Ten Coke Producers

 AK Steel Corp (KY)(OH)

 Bethlehem Steel Corp (IN)(NY)

 Drummond Company Inc (AL)

 DTE Energy Services (IN)

 Indiana Harbor Coke Co LP (IN)

 Jewell Coke Company LP (VA)

 LTV Steel Company Inc (IL)(OH)

 National Steel Corp (IL)(MI)

 U S Steel Mining Company LLC (IN)(PA)

 Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corp (WV) 

 Note: • Major manufactures are the top 40 coal consumers in the manufacturing sector. Major coke producers are the top 10 coal consumers in the coke plant sector. 

Manufacturers and coke producers are listed in alphabetical order. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration, Manufacturers: Form EIA-3, "Quarterly Coal Consumption Report, Manufacturing Plants;" and, Coke Plants: Form EIA-5, 

"Coke Plant Report - Quarterly." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 49

Table 27. U.S. Coal Consumption by End Use Sector, by Census Division and State, 2001, 2000 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Total 

Census Division 

and State Electric 

Power1

Other 

Industrial Coke 

Residential 

and 

Commercial

Electric 

Power 1

Other 

Industrial Coke 

Residential 

and 

Commercial 

2001 2000 Percent 

Change 

New England ....................... 7,653 179 - 31 7,796 274 - 31 7,863 8,101 -2.9

 Connecticut........................ 1,580 - - W 1,473 - - W W W 7.3

 Maine ................................. 180 W - W 165 W - W 307 388 -20.7

 Massachusetts .................... 4,359 W - W 4,485 W - W 4,429 4,556 -2.8

 New Hampshire ................. 1,533 - - W 1,673 - - W W W -8.3

 Rhode Island ...................... - - - W --- W W W -5.0

 Vermont ............................. - - - W --- W W W 28.5

Middle Atlantic ................... 62,623 W W W 66,412 W W W 75,880 80,523 -5.8

 New Jersey......................... 4,305 W - W 4,382 W - W 4,315 4,395 -1.8

 New York........................... 9,249 1,609 W 114 9,763 1,627 W 101 W W -7.0

 Pennsylvania...................... 49,069 3,355 W 785 52,266 3,498 W 742 W W -5.8

East North Central ............. 214,898 14,967 12,981 907 218,560 14,178 13,971 897 243,752 247,606 -1.6

 Illinois................................ 45,732 3,479 W 228 46,046 3,491 W 230 W W -1.8

 Indiana ............................... 57,321 5,334 8,100 251 59,431 4,296 8,270 275 71,006 72,273 -1.8

 Michigan............................ 33,928 2,177 W 9 33,277 2,009 W 14 W W 2.2

 Ohio ................................... 53,835 2,327 W 230 55,734 2,688 W 216 W W -4.1

 Wisconsin .......................... 24,081 1,651 - 189 24,072 1,693 - 162 25,921 25,928 *

West North Central ............ 138,063 W - W 136,600 13,797 - 589 151,444 150,986 0.3

 Iowa ................................... 21,305 2,814 - 279 21,317 2,902 - 261 24,398 24,480 -0.3

 Kansas................................ 20,150 165 - * 20,699 W - W 20,316 20,845 -2.5

 Minnesota .......................... 18,410 1,254 - 2 18,639 2,092 - 5 19,665 20,735 -5.2

 Missouri ............................. 38,585 1,015 - 212 37,183 941 - 176 39,812 38,300 3.9

 Nebraska ............................ 12,606 518 - 6 11,503 W - W 13,130 11,910 10.2

 North Dakota ..................... 24,795 W - W 25,048 W - W 31,524 31,902 -1.2

 South Dakota ..................... 2,212 378 - 9 2,211 602 - 1 2,599 2,815 -7.7

South Atlantic ..................... 164,818 W W W 173,331 W W W 180,037 188,227 -4.4

 Delaware............................ 1,480 W - W 1,755 W - W 1,653 1,934 -14.5

 District of Columbia .......... - - - W --- W W W 364.4

 Florida................................ 28,630 1,172 - 60 29,846 1,245 - 9 29,861 31,100 -4.0

 Georgia .............................. 30,891 1,994 - 11 33,150 1,990 - 9 32,896 35,149 -6.4

 Maryland............................ 12,498 1,286 - 76 11,327 810 - 84 13,859 12,221 13.4

 North Carolina ................... 28,702 1,704 - 128 29,496 1,762 - 113 30,534 31,371 -2.7

 South Carolina ................... 14,382 2,038 - - 15,034 1,912 - - 16,421 16,946 -3.1

 Virginia.............................. 15,541 2,348 W 129 16,098 2,348 W 83 W W -2.6

 West Virginia..................... 32,694 1,611 W 48 36,625 1,564 W 217 W W -10.5

East South Central.............. 107,820 W 2,608 W 107,448 W W W 118,184 117,936 0.2

 Alabama............................. 33,801 2,297 W 16 35,636 2,243 W 53 W W -6.0

 Kentucky............................ 41,198 1,357 W 218 40,180 1,095 W 191 W W 2.8

 Mississippi ......................... 8,334 W - W 6,232 W - W 8,488 6,387 32.9

 Tennessee........................... 24,487 3,575 - 140 25,401 3,349 - 112 28,202 28,862 -2.3

West South Central ............ 142,902 W - W 148,330 5,643 - 13 148,600 153,985 -3.5

 Arkansas ............................ 15,110 437 - - 14,866 382 - - 15,547 15,249 2.0

 Louisiana............................ 14,854 W - W 15,680 W - W 14,934 15,736 -5.1

 Oklahoma........................... 20,500 724 - 1 20,708 W - W 21,224 21,422 -0.9

 Texas.................................. 92,438 4,439 - 17 97,076 4,490 - 13 96,894 101,578 -4.6

Mountain ............................. 115,690 4,848 W 519 116,605 5,301 W 305 W W -1.2

 Arizona .............................. 20,158 672 - 1 20,408 720 - * 20,830 21,128 -1.4

 Colorado ............................ 19,787 W - W 19,145 W - W 20,389 19,652 3.7

 Idaho .................................. - 534 - 19 - 603 - 20 553 622 -11.2

 Montana ............................. 10,511 W - W 10,385 W - W 10,672 10,554 1.1

 Nevada ............................... 8,190 W - W 8,634 W - W 8,399 8,865 -5.3

 New Mexico....................... 15,955 W - W 16,503 W - W 16,031 16,585 -3.3

 Utah.................................... 14,906 1,235 W 60 15,164 1,166 W 59 W W -2.8

 Wyoming ........................... 26,184 1,660 - 139 26,365 1,913 - 138 27,984 28,416 -1.5

Pacific................................... 10,609 2,179 - 495 10,740 2,228 - 567 13,283 13,535 -1.9

 Alaska ................................ 518 W - W 500 W - W 993 1,024 -3.0

 California ........................... 886 1,937 - * 939 1,992 - 24 2,823 2,954 -4.5

 Hawaii................................ 713 W - W 706 W - W 825 816 1.1

 Oregon ............................... 2,490 - - W 2,241 - - W W W 11.2

 Washington........................ 6,001 W - W 6,355 W - W 6,151 6,501 -5.4

U.S. Total ............................. 965,076 65,268 26,075 4,369 985,821 65,208 28,939 4,127 1,060,788 1,084,095 -2.1 

1

 The electric power sector (electric utilities and independent power producers) comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants whose primary 

business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public -- i.e. NAICS 22 plants 

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. Electric power sector data is preliminary. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," Form EIA-3, "Quarterly Coal 

Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants," Form EIA-5, "Coke Plant Report - Quarterly," Form EIA-6A, "Coal Distribution Report," and, Form EIA-860B, "Annual Electric 

Generator Report - Nonutility." 
50 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 28. Year-End Coal Stocks by End-Use Sector, by Census Division, 2001, 2000 

 (Thousand Short Tons) 

2001 2000 Total Census Division 

and State Electric 

Power1

Other 

Industrial Coke Electric 

Power 1

Other 

Industrial Coke 2001 2000 Percent 

Change 

New England .............................. 1,195 50 - 655 46 - 1,244 701 77.5

Middle Atlantic .......................... 8,713 505 W 6,208 441 W W W 39.1

East North Central .................... 35,268 1,823 637 25,967 1,299 814 37,729 28,080 34.4

West North Central ................... 21,165 1,222 - 15,737 995 - 22,387 16,732 33.8

South Atlantic ............................ 27,420 924 W 14,921 730 W W W 80.8

East South Central..................... 12,742 476 266 7,489 406 197 13,484 8,091 66.6

West South Central ................... 18,419 411 - 18,361 301 - 18,830 18,662 0.9

Mountain .................................... 12,752 366 W 11,602 199 W W W 10.7

Pacific.......................................... 836 230 - 1,092 171 - 1,066 1,263 -15.6

U.S. Total .................................... 138,510 6,006 1,510 102,033 4,587 1,494 146,026 108,114 35.1 

1

 The electric power sector (electric utilities and independent power producers) comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) plants whose primary 

business is to sell electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public -- i.e. NAICS 22 plants. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Stocks for residential and commercial sector and the non-utility sector are not included. Electric power sector data is preliminary. Totals may not equal sum of 

components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, "Monthly Power Plant Report," Form EIA-906, "Power Plant Report," Form EIA-3, "Quarterly Coal 

Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants," Form EIA-5, "Coke Plants Report - Quarterly." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 51

F.O.B. Mine Sales Price 
52 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 29. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Mine Type, 2001, 2000 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

2001 2000 Percent Change Coal-Producing 

State 

Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total Underground Surface Total 

Alabama....................................... 34.95 32.39 34.36 33.88 30.76 33.30 3.1 5.3 3.2

Alaska .......................................... - W W - W W - W W

Arizona ........................................ - W W - W W - W W

Colorado ...................................... 15.89 20.02 17.20 14.74 19.71 16.35 7.8 1.6 5.2

Illinois.......................................... 23.06 25.86 23.52 22.65 23.79 22.78 1.8 8.7 3.3

Indiana ......................................... 24.10 19.89 20.67 21.41 19.55 19.79 12.6 1.7 4.4

Kansas.......................................... - W W - W W - W W

Kentucky Total ............................ 26.59 27.04 26.77 24.30 22.97 23.79 9.4 17.8 12.5

 Eastern ....................................... 28.11 27.76 27.96 25.33 23.60 24.58 11.0 17.7 13.7

 Western...................................... 21.72 21.10 21.58 21.42 17.91 20.69 1.4 17.8 4.3

Louisiana...................................... - W W - W W - W W

Maryland...................................... W W 23.83 W W 23.53 W W 1.3

Mississippi ................................... - W W - W W - W W

Missouri ....................................... - W W - W W - W W

Montana ....................................... - 8.83 8.83 - 8.87 8.87 - -0.3 -0.3

New Mexico................................. W W 22.02 - 20.87 20.87 W W 5.5

North Dakota ............................... - 8.48 8.48 - 8.28 8.28 - 2.3 2.3

Ohio ............................................. 21.54 21.44 21.48 19.31 21.47 20.44 11.5 -0.2 5.1

Oklahoma..................................... W W 27.07 W W 25.21 W W 7.4

Pennsylvania Total ...................... 24.15 28.42 25.07 22.87 25.21 23.33 5.6 12.8 7.5

 Anthracite .................................. 42.33 49.28 47.67 34.27 46.28 44.51 23.5 6.5 7.1

 Bituminous................................. 24.04 26.90 24.63 22.81 22.63 22.78 5.4 18.8 8.1

Tennessee..................................... 29.83 26.00 27.57 26.26 27.99 27.04 13.6 -7.1 1.9

Texas............................................ - 18.77 18.77 - 15.78 15.78 - 18.9 18.9

Utah.............................................. 19.86 - 19.86 19.12 - 19.12 3.9 - 3.9

Virginia........................................ 28.85 28.41 28.72 26.38 25.64 26.18 9.3 10.8 9.7

West Virginia Total ..................... 27.21 26.75 27.03 25.48 24.68 25.17 6.8 8.4 7.4

 Northern..................................... 22.47 29.86 23.48 21.70 23.32 21.92 3.6 28.0 7.1

 Southern..................................... 29.51 26.48 28.08 27.45 24.81 26.21 7.5 6.7 7.1

Wyoming ..................................... - 5.62 5.62 W W 5.29 W W 6.3

 

U.S. Total .................................... 25.37 13.18 17.38 23.84 12.26 16.44 6.4 7.5 5.7 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Open market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the 

total free on board (f.o.b) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold by the total open market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not 

required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 53

Table 30. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Underground Mining Method, 2001 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State Continuous1

 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total 

Alabama............................................ W - W - 34.95

Colorado ........................................... W - W - 15.89

Illinois............................................... W - W - 23.06

Indiana .............................................. 24.10 - - - 24.10

Kentucky Total ................................. 26.96 25.58 W W 26.59

 Eastern ............................................ W 25.58 W W 28.11

 Western........................................... W - W - 21.72

Maryland........................................... - - W - W

New Mexico...................................... W --- W

Ohio .................................................. 25.44 W W - 21.54

Oklahoma.......................................... W --- W

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 23.49 W W - 24.15

 Anthracite ....................................... W W - - 42.33

 Bituminous...................................... W - W - 24.04

Tennessee.......................................... 29.83 - - - 29.83

Utah................................................... 23.89 - 19.40 - 19.86

Virginia............................................. 28.48 - W W 28.85

West Virginia Total .......................... 28.63 W 25.59 W 27.21

 Northern.......................................... 22.96 - 22.30 - 22.47

 Southern.......................................... 29.68 W 29.30 W 29.51

 

U.S. Total ......................................... 26.98 23.04 23.86 29.61 25.37 

1

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by continuous mining methods. 

2

 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of their coal by conventional mining methods. 

3

 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent continuous mining. 4

 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods, or a 50/50 percent conventional/conventional split in mining method. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Open market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the 

total free on board (f.o.b) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold by the total open market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not 

required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
54 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 31. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines, 2001 

 (Thousand Short Tons, Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Open Market Sales Average Open Market Sales Price 

Alabama...................................................... 37 18,559 34.36

 Bibb........................................................... 1 W W

 Jefferson.................................................... 8 W W

 Marion....................................................... 1 W W

 Shelby ....................................................... 1 W W

 Tuscaloosa ................................................ 9 10,112 29.14

 Walker....................................................... 14 2,124 32.98

 Winston..................................................... 3 W W

Alaska.......................................................... 1WW

 Yukon-Koyukuk Division ........................ 1 W W

Arizona........................................................ 2WW

 Navajo....................................................... 2 W W

Colorado ..................................................... 12 31,114 17.20

 Delta.......................................................... 1 W W

 Garfield..................................................... 1 W W

 Gunnison................................................... 2 W W

 La Plata ..................................................... 1 W W

 Las Animas ............................................... 1 W W

 Moffat ....................................................... 2 W W

 Montrose................................................... 1 W W

 Rio Blanco ................................................ 1--

 Routt ......................................................... 2 W W

Illinois.......................................................... 19 34,056 23.52

 Gallatin ..................................................... 3 W W

 Jackson...................................................... 1 W W

 Jefferson.................................................... 1 W W

 Macoupin .................................................. 2 W W

 Mcdonough............................................... 1 W W

 Montgomery ............................................. 1 W W

 Perry.......................................................... 1 W W

 Randolph................................................... 1 W W

 Saline ........................................................ 2 W W

 Sangamon ................................................. 1 W W

 Vermilion.................................................. 2 W W

 Wabash ..................................................... 1 W W

 White......................................................... 1 W W

 Williamson................................................ 1 W W

Indiana........................................................ 31 36,148 20.67

 Clay........................................................... 3 W W

 Daviess...................................................... 3 W W

 Gibson....................................................... 6 12,374 19.47

 Greene....................................................... 2 W W

 Knox ......................................................... 6 5,857 21.58

 Owen......................................................... 1 W W

 Parke ......................................................... 1 W W

 Pike ........................................................... 4 4,663 20.57

 Spencer ..................................................... 1 W W

 Sullivan..................................................... 1 W W

 Vigo .......................................................... 2 W W

 Warrick ..................................................... 1 W W

Kansas......................................................... 1WW

 Linn........................................................... 1 W W

Kentucky..................................................... 396 131,702 26.77

 Bell............................................................ 15 2,672 30.25

 Breathitt .................................................... 3 W W

 Christian.................................................... 2 W W

 Clay........................................................... 2 W W

 Daviess...................................................... 1 W W

 Floyd......................................................... 33 3,057 26.23

 Harlan ....................................................... 49 11,760 27.80

 Henderson................................................. 1 W W

 Hopkins..................................................... 7 6,152 20.78

 Johnson ..................................................... 2 W W

 Knott ......................................................... 42 12,844 26.75

 Knox ......................................................... 10 364 37.38

 Laurel........................................................ 1 W W

 Lawrence................................................... 4 W W

 Leslie......................................................... 15 6,439 26.79

 Letcher...................................................... 39 10,688 28.89

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 55

Table 31. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons, Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Open Market Sales Average Open Market Sales Price 

Kentucky (continued) 

 Martin ....................................................... 20 9,744 27.19

 Mclean ...................................................... 1 W W

 Morgan...................................................... 1 W W

 Muhlenberg............................................... 5 W W

 Ohio .......................................................... 1 W W

 Owsley ...................................................... 1 W W

 Perry.......................................................... 29 13,709 27.20

 Pike ........................................................... 104 33,368 28.59

 Union ........................................................ 2 W W

 Webster..................................................... 4 W W

 Whitley ..................................................... 2 W W

Louisiana .................................................... 2WW

 De Soto ..................................................... 1 W W

 Red River.................................................. 1 W W

Maryland .................................................... 12 4,020 23.83

 Allegany.................................................... 7 1,083 W

 Garrett....................................................... 5 W W

Mississippi .................................................. 1WW

 Choctaw .................................................... 1 W W

Missouri ...................................................... 2WW

 Bates ......................................................... 2 W W

Montana...................................................... 6 39,089 8.83

 Big Horn ................................................... 3 W W

 Richland.................................................... 1 W W

 Rosebud .................................................... 2 W W

New Mexico ................................................ 7 28,890 22.02

 Colfax ....................................................... 1 W W

 Mckinley................................................... 2 W W

 San Juan.................................................... 4 W W

North Dakota.............................................. 4 30,095 8.48

 Mclean ...................................................... 1 W W

 Mercer....................................................... 2 W W

 Oliver........................................................ 1 W W

Ohio............................................................. 51 21,150 21.48

 Athens....................................................... 1 W W

 Belmont..................................................... 9 W W

 Carroll....................................................... 3 W W

 Columbiana............................................... 2 W W

 Coshocton ................................................. 1 W W

 Gallia......................................................... 1 W W

 Guernsey................................................... 1--

 Harrison .................................................... 5 W W

 Holmes...................................................... 1 W W

 Jackson...................................................... 2 W W

 Jefferson.................................................... 7 375 20.36

 Mahoning.................................................. 1 W W

 Meigs ........................................................ 2 W W

 Monroe...................................................... 1 W W

 Muskingum............................................... 1 W W

 Noble......................................................... 1 W W

 Perry.......................................................... 1 W W

 Stark.......................................................... 3 W W

 Tuscarawas ............................................... 6 W W

 Vinton ....................................................... 2 W W

Oklahoma ................................................... 5 1,694 27.07

 Craig ......................................................... 1 W W

 Haskell ...................................................... 1 W W

 Le Flore..................................................... 2 W W

 Rogers....................................................... 1 W W

Pennsylvania............................................... 184 72,175 25.07

 Armstrong................................................. 24 4,254 23.36

 Beaver....................................................... 1 W W

 Bedford ..................................................... 1 W W

 Butler ........................................................ 3 W W

 Cambria..................................................... 10 1,343 29.46

 Clarion ...................................................... 4 W W

 Clearfield .................................................. 23 3,586 29.76

 Columbia................................................... 4 W W

 Elk............................................................. 5 527 17.95

 Fayette....................................................... 5 W W

See footnotes at end of table. 
56 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 31. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons, Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Open Market Sales Average Open Market Sales Price 

Pennsylvania (continued) 

 Greene....................................................... 12 43,151 23.89

 Indiana ...................................................... 19 3,681 23.24

 Jefferson.................................................... 11 1,265 28.51

 Lackawanna .............................................. 1 W W

 Lawrence................................................... 2 W W

 Luzerne ..................................................... 3 W W

 Lycoming.................................................. 1 W W

 Northumberland........................................ 2 W W

 Schuylkill.................................................. 21 608 38.73

 Somerset ................................................... 21 4,599 23.64

 Venango.................................................... 1 W W

 Washington............................................... 6 5,410 27.60

 Westmoreland........................................... 4 W W

Tennessee.................................................... 21 3,330 27.57

 Anderson................................................... 1 W W

 Campbell................................................... 8 943 33.67

 Claiborne................................................... 9 1,975 24.26

 Cumberland............................................... 1 W W

 Fentress..................................................... 1 W W

 Scott .......................................................... 1 W W

Texas ........................................................... 14 9,282 18.77

 Atascosa.................................................... 1--

 Freestone................................................... 1--

 Harrison .................................................... 2 W W

 Hopkins..................................................... 1--

 Leon .......................................................... 1 W W

 Milam........................................................ 1--

 Panola ....................................................... 2--

 Robertson.................................................. 1 W W

 Rusk .......................................................... 1--

 Titus .......................................................... 2--

 Webb......................................................... 1 W W

Utah............................................................. 13 20,458 19.86

 Carbon....................................................... 7 8,668 19.06

 Emery........................................................ 3 W W

 Sevier........................................................ 3 W W

Virginia ....................................................... 140 30,861 28.72

 Buchanan .................................................. 43 10,647 30.10

 Dickenson ................................................. 21 2,931 33.59

 Lee ............................................................ 4 W W

 Russell....................................................... 6 W W

 Tazewell.................................................... 7 1,579 31.83

 Wise .......................................................... 59 14,554 26.50

Washington................................................. 1--

 Lewis......................................................... 1--

West Virginia ............................................. 273 154,835 27.03

 Barbour..................................................... 4 W W

 Boone........................................................ 35 33,153 27.32

 Brooke....................................................... 1 W W

 Clay........................................................... 3 W W

 Fayette....................................................... 9 3,410 33.57

 Grant ......................................................... 2 W W

 Greenbrier................................................. 4 818 33.18

 Harrison .................................................... 11 W W

 Kanawha ................................................... 15 15,654 25.65

 Lincoln...................................................... 3 W W

 Logan ........................................................ 19 9,569 25.90

 Marion....................................................... 2 W W

 Marshall .................................................... 2 W W

 Mcdowell .................................................. 47 4,713 32.52

 Mercer....................................................... 1 W W

 Mineral...................................................... 2 W W

 Mingo........................................................ 37 22,165 28.56

 Monongalia............................................... 8 W W

 Nicholas .................................................... 7 W W

 Preston ...................................................... 3 W W

 Raleigh...................................................... 16 6,938 34.53

 Tucker....................................................... 1 W W

 Upshur....................................................... 8 972 17.11

 Wayne....................................................... 6 5,597 26.24

See footnotes at end of table. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 57

Table 31. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State, County, and Number of Mines, 2001 (Continued) 

 (Thousand Short Tons, Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State and County Number of Mines Open Market Sales Average Open Market Sales Price 

West Virginia (continued) 

 Webster..................................................... 9 W W

 Wyoming .................................................. 18 W W

Wyoming..................................................... 17 350,280 5.62

 Campbell................................................... 11 317,042 5.35

 Carbon....................................................... 2 W W

 Converse ................................................... 1 W W

 Lincoln...................................................... 1 W W

 Sweetwater................................................ 2 W W

U.S. Total ................................................... . 1,252 1,036,955 17.38

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Open market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the 

total free on board (f.o.b) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold by the total open market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not 

required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
58 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 32. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by State and Coal Rank, 2001 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total 

Alabama............................................ 34.36 - - - 34.36

Alaska ............................................... - W - - W

Arizona ............................................. W --- W

Colorado ........................................... W W - - 17.20

Illinois............................................... 23.52 - - - 23.52

Indiana .............................................. 20.67 - - - 20.67

Kansas............................................... W --- W

Kentucky Total ................................. 26.77 - - - 26.77

 Eastern ............................................ 27.96 - - - 27.96

 Western........................................... 21.58 - - - 21.58

Louisiana........................................... - - W - W

Maryland........................................... 23.83 - - - 23.83

Mississippi ........................................ - - W - W

Missouri ............................................ W --- W

Montana ............................................ - W W - 8.83

New Mexico...................................... W W - - 22.02

North Dakota .................................... - - 8.48 - 8.48

Ohio .................................................. 21.48 - - - 21.48

Oklahoma.......................................... 27.07 - - - 27.07

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 24.63 - - 47.67 25.07

 Anthracite ....................................... - - - 47.67 47.67

 Bituminous...................................... 24.63 - - - 24.63

Tennessee.......................................... 27.57 - - - 27.57

Texas................................................. W - W - 18.77

Utah................................................... 19.86 - - - 19.86

Virginia............................................. 28.72 - - - 28.72

West Virginia Total .......................... 27.03 - - - 27.03

 Northern.......................................... 23.48 - - - 23.48

 Southern.......................................... 28.08 - - - 28.08

Wyoming .......................................... W W - - 5.62

 

U.S. Total ......................................... 25.36 6.67 11.52 47.67 17.38 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Open market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the 

total free on board (f.o.b) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold by the total open market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not 

required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 59

Table 33. Average Open Market Sales Price of Coal by Mine Production Range and Mine Type, 2001 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

Mine Production Range 

(thousand short tons) Underground Surface Total 

Over 1,000 ................................................... 24.34 10.92 14.94

500 to 1,000 ................................................. 27.92 24.40 26.22

200 to 500 .................................................... 27.45 27.60 27.52

100 to 200 .................................................... 27.66 27.89 27.77

50 to 100 ...................................................... 28.18 27.04 27.72

10 to 50 ........................................................ 29.14 27.80 28.42

U.S. Total .................................................... 25.37 13.18 17.38 

 Note: • Open market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the 

total free on board (f.o.b) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold by the total open market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not 

required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations. Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
60 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 34. Average Sales Price of U.S. Coal by State and Disposition, 2001 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

Coal-Producing 

State Open Market1

 Captive2

Alabama........................................................................................ 34.36 W

Alaska ........................................................................................... W -

Arizona ......................................................................................... W -

Colorado ....................................................................................... 17.20 W

Illinois........................................................................................... 23.52 -

Indiana .......................................................................................... 20.67 W

Kansas........................................................................................... W -

Kentucky Total ............................................................................. 26.77 27.77

 Eastern ........................................................................................ 27.96 W

 Western....................................................................................... 21.58 W

Louisiana....................................................................................... W -

Maryland....................................................................................... 23.83 W

Mississippi .................................................................................... W -

Missouri ........................................................................................ W -

Montana ........................................................................................ 8.83 W

New Mexico.................................................................................. 22.02 -

North Dakota ................................................................................ 8.48 W

Ohio .............................................................................................. 21.48 68.47

Oklahoma...................................................................................... 27.07 -

Pennsylvania Total ....................................................................... 25.07 23.13

 Anthracite ................................................................................... 47.67 -

 Bituminous.................................................................................. 24.63 23.13

Tennessee...................................................................................... 27.57 W

Texas............................................................................................. 18.77 15.48

Utah............................................................................................... 19.86 16.93

Virginia......................................................................................... 28.72 22.66

Washington................................................................................... - W

West Virginia Total ...................................................................... 27.03 29.67

 Northern...................................................................................... 23.48 25.84

 Southern...................................................................................... 28.08 32.57

Wyoming ...................................................................................... 5.62 9.26

U.S. Total ..................................................................................... 17.38 20.01 

1

 Open market includes coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers. 2

 Captive includes all coal used by the producing company or sold to affiliated or parent companies. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • An average open market sales price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the open market coal sold, by the total open market 

coal sold. An average captive market sales price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the captive market coal sold, by the total captive 

market coal sold. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge 

operations. 

 Source: • Energy Information Administration Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 

7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 61

Consumer Prices 
62 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Table 35. Average Price of Coal Delivered to End Use Sector by Census Division and State, 2001, 2000 

 (Dollars per Short Ton) 

2001 2000 Annual Percent Change 

Census Division 

and State Electric 

Utility 

Plants 

Other 

Industrial 

Plants 

Coke 

Plants 

Electric 

Utility 

Plants 

Other 

Industrial 

Plants 

Coke 

Plants 

Electric 

Utility 

Plants 

Other 

Industrial 

Plants 

Coke 

Plants 

New England .............................. 43.52 55.65 - 40.16 55.11 - 8.4 1.0 -

 Connecticut............................... - W -- W - - - -

 Maine ........................................ - W -- W - - -2.8 -

 Massachusetts ........................... - W - 45.89 W - -100.0 7.3 -

 New Hampshire ........................ 43.52 W - 38.94 W - 11.8 - -

 Rhode Island ............................. - W -- W - - - -

 Vermont .................................... - W -- W - - - -

Middle Atlantic .......................... 37.14 W W 31.16 W W 19.2 10.1 3.0

 New Jersey................................ 58.58 W - 36.66 W - 59.8 -13.3 -

 New York.................................. 37.06 41.27 W 39.11 39.51 W -5.2 4.5 7.3

 Pennsylvania............................. 31.12 38.39 W 29.11 34.08 W 6.9 12.6 4.0

East North Central .................... 25.25 36.47 47.53 26.35 33.38 45.62 -4.2 9.3 4.2

 Illinois....................................... 23.01 30.17 W 22.31 28.44 W 3.1 6.1 5.9

 Indiana ...................................... 23.91 36.11 48.39 22.91 30.44 46.98 4.4 18.6 3.0

 Michigan................................... 26.06 40.72 W 27.18 40.32 W -4.1 1.0 6.5

 Ohio .......................................... 30.97 38.55 W 34.45 36.45 W -10.1 5.8 4.3

 Wisconsin ................................. 19.06 42.39 - 18.64 39.20 - 2.3 8.1 -

West North Central ................... 14.97 W - 14.69 19.07 - 1.9 W -

 Iowa .......................................... 14.09 29.83 - 14.08 28.69 - * 4.0 -

 Kansas....................................... 18.20 34.91 - 17.08 W - 6.6 W -

 Minnesota ................................. 18.13 32.51 - 19.83 30.51 - -8.6 6.5 -

 Missouri .................................... 17.08 33.56 - 16.36 31.19 - 4.4 7.6 -

 Nebraska ................................... 9.71 22.35 - 9.66 W - 0.5 W -

 North Dakota ............................ 9.74 W - 9.45 W - 3.1 -3.8 -

 South Dakota ............................ 17.41 18.49 - 16.81 26.01 - 3.5 -28.9 -

South Atlantic ............................ 38.21 W W 34.81 W W 9.8 10.1 4.5

 Delaware................................... 54.54 W - 39.54 W - 37.9 16.3 -

 District of Columbia ................. - W - 38.07 W - -100.0 - -

 Florida....................................... 41.74 46.14 - 38.69 43.66 - 7.9 5.7 -

 Georgia ..................................... 39.04 48.62 - 35.65 42.73 - 9.5 13.8 -

 Maryland................................... - 37.14 - 34.44 32.00 - -100.0 16.1 -

 North Carolina .......................... 39.20 45.05 - 35.53 41.63 - 10.3 8.2 -

 South Carolina .......................... 39.40 48.95 - 35.37 43.20 - 11.4 13.3 -

 Virginia..................................... 40.29 46.26 W 34.09 41.92 W 18.2 10.3 9.5

 West Virginia............................ 30.31 36.32 W 29.57 33.42 W 2.5 8.7 1.9

East South Central..................... 28.61 W 47.69 27.28 W W 4.9 9.3 W

 Alabama.................................... 30.61 40.96 W 30.88 39.30 W -0.9 4.2 4.4

 Kentucky................................... 25.29 46.09 W 23.74 41.69 W 6.5 10.5 12.9

 Mississippi ................................ 38.31 W - 35.16 W - 8.9 8.8 -

 Tennessee.................................. 28.31 38.18 - 25.73 33.94 - 10.0 12.5 -

West South Central ................... 19.17 W - 19.08 23.00 - 0.5 W -

 Arkansas ................................... 15.23 44.40 - 24.68 43.55 - -38.3 1.9 -

 Louisiana................................... 20.64 W - 20.94 W - -1.4 41.1 -

 Oklahoma.................................. 15.75 27.63 - 16.46 W - -4.3 W -

 Texas......................................... 20.39 23.47 - 18.53 20.52 - 10.0 14.4 -

Mountain .................................... 21.49 29.83 W 21.13 29.19 W 1.7 2.2 23.4

 Arizona ..................................... 25.43 41.66 - 25.33 41.26 - 0.4 1.0 -

 Colorado ................................... 17.93 W - 18.14 W - -1.1 -6.2 -

 Idaho ......................................... - 34.80 - - 35.70 - - -2.5 -

 Montana .................................... 12.42 W - 12.12 W - 2.5 -1.9 -

 Nevada ...................................... 28.35 W - 28.34 W - * 3.3 -

 New Mexico.............................. 27.43 W - 25.38 W - 8.1 1.3 -

 Utah........................................... 25.96 26.03 W 23.66 25.11 W 9.7 3.7 23.4

 Wyoming .................................. 13.56 25.41 - 13.72 24.87 - -1.2 2.2 -

Pacific.......................................... 19.33 40.10 - 23.09 40.51 - -16.3 -1.0 -

 Alaska ....................................... - W -- W - - - -

 California .................................. - 38.93 - - 39.48 - - -1.4 -

 Hawaii....................................... - W -- W - - 2.6 -

 Oregon ...................................... 19.33 W - 18.45 W - 4.7 - -

 Washington............................... - W - 28.05 W - -100.0 1.3 -

U.S. Total .................................... 24.68 32.26 46.42 24.28 31.46 44.38 1.6 2.6 4.6 

 * = The unit of measure is less than 0.5 or percent change is less than 0.1%. 

 W = Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. 

 Note: • Includes manufacturing plants only. 

 Source: • Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, "Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants, Energy Information 

Administration, Form EIA-3, "Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants," Form EIA-5, "Coke Plant Report - Quarterly." 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 63

Glossary 

American Indian Coal Lease: A lease granted to a 

mining company to produce coal from American Indian 

lands in exchange for royalties and other revenues; 

obtained by direct negotiation with Indian tribal 

authorities, but subject to approval and administration by 

the U.S. Department of the Interior. 

Anthracite: The highest rank of coal; used primarily for 

residential and commercial space heating. It is a hard, 

brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to as hard 

coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a 

low percentage of volatile matter. The moisture content 

of fresh-mined anthracite generally is less than 15 

percent. The heat content of anthracite ranges from 22 to 

28 million Btu per short ton on a moist, mineral-matterfree basis. The heat content of anthracite coal consumed 

in the United States averages 25 million Btu per short 

ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both 

inherent moisture and mineral matter). Note: Since the 

1980's, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for 

steam electric power generation. This fuel typically has a 

heat content of 15 million Btu per short ton or less. 

Appalachian Region: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Area (Surface) Mining: A method used on flat terrain to 

recover coal by mining long cuts or pits successively. 

The material excavated from the cut being mined is 

deposited in the cut previously mined. 

Auger Mine: A surface mine where coal is recovered 

through the use of a large-diameter drill driven into a 

coalbed in a hillside. It usually follows contour surface 

mining, particularly when the overburden is too costly to 

excavate. 

Average Number of Employees: The arithmetic mean 

number of employees working each day at a mining 

operation. Includes maintenance, office, as well as 

production-related employees. 

Average Open Market Sales Price: The ratio of the 

total value of the open market sales of coal produced at 

the mine to the total open market sales tonnage. 

Average Production per Miner per Hour: The ratio of 

the total production at a mining operation to the total 

direct labor hours worked at the operation. 

Average Recovery Percentage: Average recovery 

percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be 

recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, 

averaged for all mines in the reported geographic area. 

Bed, Coalbed: All the coal and partings lying between a 

roof and floor. 

Bituminous Coal: A dense coal, usually black, 

sometimes dark brown, often with well-defined bands of 

bright and dull material, used primarily as fuel in steamelectric power generation, with substantial quantities also 

used for heat and power applications in manufacturing 

and to make coke. Bituminous coal is the most abundant 

coal in active U.S. mining regions. Its moisture content 

usually is less than 20 percent. The heat content of 

bituminous coal ranges from 21 to 30 million Btu per ton 

on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content 

of bituminous coal consumed in the United States 

averages 24 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis 

(i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral 

matter). 

Capacity Utilization: Capacity utilization is computed 

by dividing production by productive capacity and 

multiplying by 100. 

Captive Coal: Coal produced and consumed by the mine 

operator, a subsidiary, or parent company (for example, 

steel companies and electric utilities). 

Census Divisions: The nine geographic divisions of the 

United States established by the Bureau of the Census, 

U.S. Department of Commerce for statistical analysis. 

The boundaries of Census divisions coincide with State 

boundaries. In some cases, the Pacific Division is 

subdivided into the Pacific Contiguous and Pacific 

Noncontiguous areas. 

Central Appalachian Region: See Coal-Producing 

Regions. 

CIF: See Cost, Insurance, Freight. 

Coal: A readily combustible black or brownish-black 

rock whose composition, including inherent moisture, 

consists of more than 50 percent by weight and more 

than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material. It 

is formed from plant remains that have been compacted, 

hardened, chemically altered, and metamorphosed by 

heat and pressure over geologic time. 

Coal Carbonized: The amount of coal decomposed into 

solid coke and gaseous products by heating in a coke 

oven in a limited air supply or in the absence of air. 

Coal (coke): See Coke (coal). 
64 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Coal Mining Productivity: Coal mining productivity is 

calculated by dividing total coal production by the total 

direct labor hours worked by all mine employees. 

Coal Preparation/Washing: The treatment of coal to 

reject waste. In its broadest sense, preparation is any 

processing of mined coal to prepare it for market, 

including crushing and screening or sieving the coal to 

reach a uniform size, which normally results in removal 

of some non-coal material. The term coal preparation 

most commonly refers to processing, including crushing 

and screening, passing the material through one or more 

processes to remove impurities, sizing the product, and 

loading for shipment. Many of the processes separate 

rock, clay, and other minerals from coal in a liquid 

medium; hence the term washing is widely used. In some 

cases coal passes through a drying step before loading. 

Coal-Producing Regions: A geographic classification 

of areas where coal is produced. 

Appalachian Region. Consists of Alabama, Eastern 

Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, 

Virginia, and West Virginia. 

Northern Appalachian Region. Consists of Maryland, 

Pennsylvania Bituminous, and Northern West Virginia. 

Central Appalachian Region. Consists of Eastern 

Kentucky, Virginia, Southern West Virginia, and the 

Tennessee counties of: Anderson, Campbell, Claiborne, 

Cumberland, Fentress, Morgan, Overton, Pickett, 

Putnam, Roane, and Scott. 

Southern Appalachian Region: Consists of Alabama, and 

the Tennessee counties of: Bledsoe, Coffee, Franklin, 

Grundy, Hamilton, Marion, Rhea, Sequatchie, Van 

Buren, Warren, and White. 

Interior Region (with Gulf Coast). Consists of Arkansas, 

Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, 

Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas, and Western Kentucky. 

Illinois Basin: Consists of Illinois, Indiana, and Western 

Kentucky. 

Western Region. Consists of Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, 

Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Utah, 

Washington, and Wyoming. 

Powder River Basin: Consists of the Montana counties 

of Big Horn, Custer, Powder River, Rosebud, and 

Treasure and the Wyoming counties of Campbell, 

Converse, Crook, Johnson, Natrona, Niobrara, Sheridan, 

and Weston. 

Uinta Basin: Consists of the Colorado counties of Delta, 

Garfield, Gunnison, Mesa, Moffat, Pitkin, Rio Blanco, 

Routt and the Utah counties of Carbon, Duchesne, 

Emery, Grand, Sanpete, Sevier, Uintah, Utah, and 

Wasatch. 

Coal-Producing States: The States where mined and/or 

purchased coal originates are defined as follows: 

Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Illinois, 

Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky Eastern, Kentucky Western, 

Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, 

New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, 

Pennsylvania anthracite, Pennsylvania bituminous, 

Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West 

Virginia Northern, West Virginia Southern, and 

Wyoming. The following Coal-Producing States are split 

in origin of coal, as defined by: 

Kentucky, Eastern. All mines in the following counties 

in Eastern Kentucky: Bell, Boyd, Breathitt, Carter, Clay, 

Clinton, Elliot, Estill, Floyd, Greenup, Harlan, Jackson, 

Johnson, Knott, Knox, Laurel, Lawrence, Lee, Leslie, 

Letcher, Lewis, Magoffin, Martin, McCreary, Menifee, 

Morgan, Owsley, Perry, Pike, Powell, Pulaski, 

Rockcastle, Rowan, Wayne, Whitley, and Wolfe. 

 

Kentucky, Western. All mines in the following counties 

in Western Kentucky: Breckinridge, Butler, Caldwell, 

Christian, Crittenden, Daviess, Edmonson, Grayson, 

Hancock, Hart, Henderson, Hopkins, Logan, McLean, 

Muhlenberg, Ohio, Simpson, Todd, Union, Warren, and 

Webster. 

Pennsylvania Anthracite. All mines in the following 

counties: Carbon, Columbia, Dauphin, Lackawanna, 

Lebanon, Luzerne, Northumberland, Schuylkill, 

Sullivan, and Susquehanna. All anthracite mines in 

Bradford County. 

Pennsylvania Bituminous. All mines located in the 

following counties: Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, 

Bedford, Butler, Cambria, Clarion, Clearfield, Elk, 

Fayette, Green, Indiana, Jefferson, Lawrence, Lycoming, 

Somerset, Venango, Washington, and Westmoreland, 

and all bituminous mines in Bradford County. 

West Virginia, Northern. All mines in the following 

counties (formerly defined as Coal-Producing Districts 1, 

3, & 6): Barbour, Brooke, Braxton, Calhoun, Doddridge, 

Gilmer, Grant, Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, Lewis, 

Marion, Marshall, Mineral, Monongalia, Ohio, Pleasants, 

Preston, Randolph, Ritchie, Roane, Taylor, Tucker, 

Tyler, Upshur, Webster, Wetzel, Wirt, and Wood. 

West Virginia, Southern. All mines in the following 

counties (formerly defined as Coal-Producing Districts 7 

& 8): Boone, Cabell, Clay, Fayette, Greenbrier, 

Kanawha, Lincoln, Logan, Mason, McDowell, Mercer, 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 65

Mingo, Nicholas, Pocahontas, Putnam, Raleigh, 

Summers, Wayne, and Wyoming. 

Coal Rank: The classification of coals according to their 

degree of progressive alteration from lignite to 

anthracite. In the United States, the standard ranks of 

coal include lignite, subbituminous coal, bituminous 

coal, and anthracite and are based on fixed carbon, 

volatile matter, heating value, and agglomerating (or 

caking) properties. 

Coal Stocks: Coal quantities that are held in storage for 

future use and disposition. Note: When coal data are 

collected for a particular reporting period (month, 

quarter, or year), coal stocks are commonly measured as 

of the last day of this period. 

 Coalbed: A bed or stratum of coal. Also called a coal 

seam. 

Cogenerator: A generating facility that produces 

electricity and another form of useful thermal energy 

(such as heat or steam) used for industrial, commercial, 

heating, and cooling purposes. To receive status as a 

qualifying facility (QF) under the Public Utility 

Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), the facility must 

produce electric energy and "another form of useful 

thermal energy through the sequential use of energy," 

and meet certain ownership, operating, and efficiency 

criteria established by the Federal Energy Regulatory 

Commission (FERC). (See the Code of Federal 

Regulation, Title 18, Part 292.) 

Coke (coal): A solid carbonaceous residue derived from 

low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal from which the 

volatile constituents are driven off by baking in an oven 

at temperatures as high as 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit so 

that the fixed carbon and residual ash are fused together. 

Coke is used as a fuel and as a reducing agent in 

smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Coke from coal is 

grey, hard, and porous and has a heating value of 24.8 

million Btu per short ton. 

Coke Plants: Plants where coal is carbonized in slot or 

beehive ovens for the manufacture of coke. 

Coking Coal: Bituminous coal suitable for making coke. 

See Coke (coal). 

Continuous Mining: A form of room-and-pillar mining 

in which a continuous mining machine extracts and 

removes coal from the working face in one operation; no 

blasting is required. 

Conventional Mining: The oldest form of room-andpillar mining which consists of a series of operations that 

involve cutting the coalbed so it breaks easily when 

blasted with explosives or high-pressure air, and then 

loading the broken coal. 

Cost, Insurance, Freight (CIF): A type of sale in which 

the buyer of the product agrees to pay a unit price that 

includes the F.O.B. value of the product at the point of 

origin plus all costs of insurance and transportation. This 

type of transaction differs from a "delivered" purchase in 

that the buyer accepts the quantity as determined at the 

loading port (as certified by the Bill of Loading and 

Quality Report) rather than pay on the basis of the 

quantity and quality ascertained at the unloading port. It 

is similar to the terms of an F.O.B. sale, except that the 

seller, as a service for which he is compensated, arranges 

for transportation and insurance. 

Culm: Waste from Pennsylvania anthracite preparation 

plants, consisting of coarse rock fragments containing as 

much as 30 percent small-sized coal; sometimes defined 

as including very fine coal particles called silt. Its heat 

value ranges from 8 to 17 million Btu per short ton. 

Demonstrated Reserve Base: A collective term for the 

sum of coal in both measured and indicated resource 

categories of reliability which represents 100 percent of 

the coal in these categories in place as of a certain date. 

Includes beds of bituminous coal and anthracite 28 

inches or more thick and beds of subbituminous coal 60 

inches or more thick that occur at depths to 1 thousand 

feet. Includes beds of lignite 60 inches or more thick that 

can be surface mined. Includes also thinner and/or deeper 

beds that presently are being mined or for which there is 

evidence that they could be mined commercially at this 

time. Represents that portion of identified coal resources 

from which reserves are calculated. 

Direct Labor Hours: Direct labor hours worked by all 

mining employees at a mining operation during the year. 

Includes hours worked by those employees engaged in 

production, preparation, development, maintenance, 

repair, shop or yard work, management, office workers, 

and technical or engineering work. 

Dredge Mining: A method of recovering coal from 

rivers or streams. 

Drift Mine: An underground mine that has a horizontal 

or nearly horizontal entry driven along to a coalbed 

exposed in a hillside. 

Electric Power Sector: The electric power sector 

(electric utilities and independent power producers) 

comprises electricity-only and combined-heat-and-power 

(CHP) plants whose primary business is to sell 

electricity, or electricity and heat, to the public. 

Estimated Recoverable Reserves: See recoverable 

reserves. 
66 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Federal Coal Lease: A lease granted to a mining 

company to produce coal from land owned and 

administered by the Federal Government in exchange for 

royalties and other revenues. 

. 

Hand Loading: An underground loading method by 

which coal is removed from the working face by manual 

labor through the use of a shovel for conveyance to the 

surface. 

Illinois Basin: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Indicated Resources: Coal for which estimates of the 

rank, quality, and quantity have been computed partly 

from sample analyses and measurements and partly from 

reasonable geologic projections. Indicated resources are 

computed partly from specified measurements and partly 

from projection of visible data for a reasonable distance 

on the basis of geologic evidence. The points of 

observation are 0.5 to 1.5 miles apart. Indicated coal is 

projected to extend as a 0.5-mile-wide belt that lies more 

than 0.25 miles from the outcrop or points of observation 

or measurement. 

Industrial Sector: The industrial sector is comprised of 

manufacturing industries which make up the largest part 

of the sector, along with mining, construction, 

agriculture, fisheries, and forestry. Establishments in the 

sector range from steel mills, to small farms, to 

companies assembling electronic components. 

Interior Region: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Lignite: The lowest rank of coal, often referred to as 

brown coal, used almost exclusively as fuel for steamelectric power generation. It is brownish-black and has a 

high inherent moisture content, sometimes as high as 45 

percent The heat content of lignite ranges from 9 to 17 

million Btu per ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. 

The heat content of lignite consumed in the United States 

averages 13 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis 

(i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral 

matter). 

Longwall Mining: An automated form of underground 

coal mining characterized by high recovery and 

extraction rates, feasible only in relatively flat-lying, 

thick, and uniform coalbeds. A high-powered cutting 

machine is passed across the exposed face of coal, 

shearing away broken coal, which is continuously hauled 

away by a floor-level conveyor system. Longwall mining 

extracts all machine-minable coal between the floor and 

ceiling within a contiguous block of coal, known as a 

panel, leaving no support pillars within the panel area. 

Panel dimensions vary over time and with mining 

conditions but currently average about 900 feet wide 

(coal face width) and more than 8,000 feet long (the 

minable extent of the panel, measured in direction of 

mining). Longwall mining is done under movable roof 

supports that are advanced as the bed is cut. The roof in 

the mined-out area is allowed to fall as the mining 

advances. 

Manufacturing (except coke plants): Those industrial 

users/plants, not including coke plants, that are engaged 

in the mechanical or chemical transformation of 

materials or substances into new (i.e., finished or 

semifinished) products. Includes coal used for 

gasification/liquifaction and coal used for coal synfuels. 

Minable: Capable of being mined under current mining 

technology and environmental and legal restrictions, 

rules, and regulations. 

Mine Type: See Surface Mine and Underground Mine. 

Northern Appalachian: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Number of Mines: The number of mines, or mines 

collocated with preparation plants or tipples, located in a 

particular geographic area (State or region). 

Number of Mining Operations: The number of mining 

operations includes preparation plants. Mining 

operations that consist of a mine and preparation plant, 

or a preparation plant only, will be counted as two 

operations if the preparation plant processes both 

underground and surface coal. 

Open Market Coal: Coal sold in the open market, i.e., 

coal sold to companies other than the reporting 

company's parent company or an operating subsidiary of 

the parent company. 

Operating Subsidiary: A company which is controlled 

through the ownership of voting stock, or a corporate 

joint venture in which a corporation is owned by a small 

group of businesses as a separate and specific business or 

project for the mutual benefit of the members of the 

group. 

Other Industrial Plant: Industrial users, not including 

coke plants, engaged in the mechanical or chemical 

transformation of materials or substances into new 

products (manufacturing); and companies engaged in the 

agriculture, mining, or construction industries. 

Parent Company: A company which solely or jointly 

owns the reporting company and which is not itself a 

subsidiary of, or owned by, another company. 

Percent Utilization: The ratio of total production to 

productive capacity, times 100. 

Powder River Basin: See Coal-Producing Regions. 
Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 67

Preparation Plant: A facility at which coal is crushed, 

screened, and mechanically cleaned. 

Productive Capacity: The maximum amount of coal 

that a mining operation can produce or process during a 

period with the existing mining equipment and/or 

preparation plant in place, assuming that the labor and 

materials sufficient to utilize the plant and equipment are 

available, and that the market exists for the maximum 

production. 

Recoverability: In reference to accessible coal 

resources, the condition of being physically, 

technologically, and economically minable. Recovery 

rates and recovery factors may be determined or 

estimated for coal resources without certain knowledge 

of their economic minability; therefore, the availability 

of recovery rates or factors does not predict 

recoverability. 

Recoverable Coal: Coal that is, or can be, extracted 

from a coal bed during mining. 

Recoverable Reserves at Producing Mines: The 

amount of in situ coal that can be recovered by mining 

existing reserves at mines reporting on Form EIA-7A. 

Recoverable Reserves, Estimated Recoverable 

Reserves: Reserve estimates (broad meaning) based on a 

demonstrated reserve base adjusted for assumed 

accessibility factors and recovery factors. The term is 

used by EIA to distinguish estimated recoverable 

reserves, which are derived without specific economic 

feasibility criteria by factoring (downward) from a 

demonstrated reserve base for one or more study areas or 

regions, from recoverable reserves at active mines, which 

are aggregated (upward) from reserve estimates reported 

by currently active, economically viable mines on Form 

EIA-7A. 

Recoverable Reserves of Coal: An estimate of the 

amount of coal that can be recovered (mined) from the 

accessible reserves of the demonstrated reserve base. 

Recovery Factor: The percentage of total tons of coal 

estimated to be recoverable from a given area in relation 

to the total tonnage estimated to be in the demonstrated 

reserve base. For the purpose of calculating depletion 

factors only, the estimated recovery factors for the 

demonstrated reserve base generally are 50 percent for 

underground mining methods and 80 percent for surface 

mining methods. More precise recovery factors can be 

computed by determining the total coal in place and the 

total coal recoverable in any specific locale. 

Recovery Percentage: The percentage of coal that can 

be recovered from the coal deposits at existing mines. 

Refuse Bank: A repository for waste material generated 

by the coal cleaning process. 

Refuse Recovery: A surface mine where coal is 

recovered from previously mined coal. It may also be 

known as a silt bank, culm bank, refuse bank, slurry 

dam, or dredge operation. 

Remaining (Resources/Reserves): The amount of coal 

in the ground after some mining, excluding coal in the 

ground spoiled or left in place for which later recovery is 

not feasible. 

Reserve(s): Root meaning: The amount of in-situ coal in 

a defined area that can be recovered by mining at a 

sustainable profit at the time of determination. Broad 

meaning: That portion of the demonstrated reserve base 

that is estimated to be recoverable at the time of 

determination. The reserve is derived by applying a 

recovery factor to that component of the identified 

resources of coal designated as the demonstrated reserve 

base. 

Residential and Commercial Sector: Housing units; 

wholesale and retail businesses (except coal wholesale 

dealers); health institutions (hospitals); social and 

educational institutions (schools and universities); and 

Federal, State, and local governments (military 

installations, prisons, office buildings). 

Royalties: Payments, in money or kind, of a stated share 

of production from mineral deposits, by the lessee to the 

lessor. Royalties may be an established minimum, a 

sliding-scale, or a step-scale. A step-scale royalty rate 

increases by steps as the average production on the lease 

increases. A sliding-scale royalty rate is based on 

average production and applies to all production from the 

lease. 

Run-of-mine: The raw coal recovered from a mine, prior 

to any treatment. 

Salable Coal: The shippable product of a coal mine or 

preparation plant. Depending on customer specifications, 

salable coal may be run-of-mine, crushed-and-screened 

(sized) coal, or the clean coal yield from a preparation 

plant. 

Sales Volume: The reported output from Federal and/or 

Indian lands, the basis of royalties. It is approximately 

equivalent to production, which includes coal sold, and 

coal added to stockpiles. 

Scoop Loading: An underground loading method by 

which coal is removed from the working face by a tractor 

unit equipped with a hydraulically operated bucket 

attached to the front; also called a front-end loader. 
68 Energy Information Administration/Annual Coal Report 2001 

Seam: A bed of coal lying between a roof and floor. 

Equivalent term to bed, commonly used by industry. 

Shaft Mine: An underground mine that reaches the 

coalbed by means of a vertical shaft. In addition to the 

passages providing entry to the coalbed, a network of 

other passages are also dug, some to provide access to 

various parts of the mine and some for ventilation. 

Short Ton: A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds. 

Shortwall Mining: A form of underground mining that 

involves the use of a continuous mining machine and 

movable roof supports to shear coal panels 150 to 200 

feet wide and more than half a mile long. Although 

similar to longwall mining, shortwall mining is generally 

more flexible because of the smaller working area. 

Productivity is lower than with longwall mining because 

the coal is hauled to the mine face by shuttle cars as 

opposed to conveyors. 

Silt: Waste from Pennsylvania anthracite preparation 

plants, consisting of coarse rock fragments containing as 

much as 30 percent small-sized coal; sometimes defined 

as including very fine coal particles called silt. Its heat 

value ranges from 8 to 17 million Btu per short ton. 

Synonymous with culm. 

Silt, Culm Refuse Bank, or Slurry Dam Mining: A 

mining operation producing coal from these sources of 

coal. (See refuse recovery.) 

Slope Mine: An underground mine in which the entry is 

driven at an angle to reach the coal deposit. 

Slurry Dam: A repository for the silt or culm from a 

preparation plant. 

Southern Appalachian: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Stocks: The supply of coal or coke at a mine, plant, or 

utility at the end of the reporting period. 

Subbituminous Coal: A coal whose properties range 

from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and 

used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power 

generation. It may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and 

crumbly, at the lower end of the range, to bright, jet 

black, hard, and relatively strong, at the upper end. 

Subbituminous coal contains 20 to 30 percent inherent 

moisture by weight. The heat content of 

subbituminous coal ranges from 17 to 24 million Btu per 

ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat 

content of subbituminous coal consumed in the United 

States averages 17 to 18 million Btu per ton, on the asreceived basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture 

and mineral matter). 

Surface Mine: A coal mine that is usually within a few 

hundred feet of the surface. Earth and rock above or 

around the coal (overburden) is removed to expose the 

coalbed, which is then mined with surface excavation 

equipment such as draglines, power shovels, bulldozers, 

loaders, and augers. Surface mines include: area, 

contour, open-pit, strip, or auger mine. 

Tipple: A central facility used in loading coal for 

transportation by rail or truck. 

Uinta Region: See Coal-Producing Regions. 

Underground Mine: A mine where coal is produced by 

tunneling into the earth to the coalbed, which is then 

mined with underground mining equipment such as 

cutting machines and continuous, longwall, and 

shortwall mining machines. Underground mines are 

classified according to the type of opening used to reach 

the coal, i.e., drift (level tunnel), slope (inclined tunnel), 

or shaft (vertical tunnel). 

Underground Mining: The extraction of coal or its 

products from between enclosing rock strata by 

underground mining methods, such as room and pillar, 

longwall, and shortwall, or through in-situ gasification. 

Western Region: See Coal-Producing Regions.