DOE/EIA-0584(99)

Distribution Category

UC-98

Coal Industry Annual 1999

Energy Information Administration

Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric

and Alternate Fuels

U.S. Department of Energy

Washington, DC 20585-0650

This report was prepared by the Energy Information Administration, the independent statistical and analytical

agency within the Department of Energy. The information contained herein should not be construed as

advocating or reflecting any policy position of the Department of Energy or any other organization.

This report is available on the Web at:

http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/cia/cia_sum.html
Contacts

This publication was prepared by Fred Freme under

the direction of Bill Watson, Team Leader of the Coal

Team, in the Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric, and

Alternate Fuels. Specific information about the data in

this report can be obtained from Fred Freme at (202)

287-1740, or e-mail Frederick.Freme @eia.doe.gov.

All other questions on coal statistics should be

directed to the National Energy Information Center at

(202) 586-8800, or e-mail

INFOCTR@EIA.DOE.GOV.

ii Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Preface

Coal Industry Annual 1999 provides comprehensive

information about U.S. coal production, number of

mines, prices, productivity, employment, productive

capacity, and recoverable reserves. U.S. coal production for 1998 and 1999 are based on the U.S.

Department of Labor's Mine Safety and Health

Administration's Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine

Employment and Coal Production Report." Coal production for 1997 and previous years is based on the

annual survey EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report."

This report also presents data on coal consumption,

coal distribution, coal stocks, coal prices, and coal

quality. Appendix A contains a compilation of coal

statistics for the major coal-producing States. This

report also includes national total coal consumption

for nonutility power producers that are not in the manufacturing, agriculture, mining, construction, or commercial sectors.

The base year for the implicit price deflator, which is

used to convert nominal figures to real figures is 1996

(Table D2).

This report constitutes the 24th annual report on coal

production published by EIA and continues the series

formerly included in the Minerals Yearbook published

by the Bureau of Mines.

The data presented in the report were collected and

published by the Energy Information Administration

(EIA), to fulfill its data collection and dissemination

responsibilities, as specified in the Federal Energy

Administration Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-275), as

amended. Data for the Demonstrated Reserve Base

(DRB) are now reported in U.S. Coal Reserves: A

Review and Update (DOE/EIA-0529). However, this

report includes data on the recoverable portion of the

DRB in Table 105.

The Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate

Fuels gratefully acknowledges the cooperation of the

respondents in supplying the information presented in

the Coal Industry Annual 1999 and appreciates the

valuable assistance of State coal mining agencies; the

U.S. Department of the Interior: the Bureau of Land

Management, the Minerals Management Service; the

U.S. Department of Labor: the Mine Safety and

Health Administration, the Bureau of Labor Statistics;

the U.S. Department of Commerce: the Bureau of the

Census; and the King Publishing Corporation.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 iii 
Notice

The Energy Information Administration (EIA)

changed the survey form EIA-7A "Coal Production

Report," beginning with the collection of 1998 data.

Data on coal production and employment are no

longer collected on the Form EIA-7A; rather those

data are obtained through a data-sharing agreement

with the Mine Safety and Health Administration

(MSHA) of the U.S. Department of Labor, based on

the Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and

Coal Production Report." As a result of these changes,

certain data elements are no longer consistent with the

historical data series.

Some differences in the 1998 and 1999 data are attributable to modifications of definitions, while other differences are a result of changes in the industry. It is

important to note these changes when comparing data

over the historical period.

The changes are specified in the following text:

(1)The data on 1998 and later coal production at the

county level are no longer comparable with data published in previous issues of the Coal Industry Annual.

Production at the county level is now solely based on

the county in which the mine orginally opened,

whether or not any coal was produced in that county.

(Adjustments have been made only for mines that

cross State boundaries.) As a consequence, the

number of mines are also no longer comparable with

the historical series, since a mine that had previously

crossed county lines, was counted as two mines.

(2)The data on 1998 and later productivity are not

comparable with the historic data series, since the

MSHA definition of employment differs from that

previously used by EIA. EIA had defined employment

to include all managerial, technical, and engineering

personnel, whether or not they worked in the mine.

MSHA defines employment into two categories: one

for the employees working in the mine and a second

for office employees. All MSHA employees are now

included in the total employment data.

(3)The definition of the producer's price of coal has

changed for 1998 and later. Previously, EIA defined

price data as f.o.b. (free on board) mine price; producer's price is now defined as f.o.b. (free on board)

rail/barge.

iv Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Contents

Page

Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Productive Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines ...................................................... 37

Producer/Distributor Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Imports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Employment and Productivity ............................................................................. 59

Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

Domestic Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Foreign Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Coal Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Mine Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

Consumer Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Import/Export Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Coal Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Appendices

A. Major Coal Producing States ........................................................................ 249

B. Metric Tables ...................................................................................... 269

C. References ......................................................................................... 285

D. Explanatory Notes .................................................................................. 289

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 v 
Tables

Page

1. Coal Production by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................................................... 4

2. Number of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 .................................................. 5

3. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type, 1999 ................................ 6

4. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 1999 ....................... 7

5. Underground Coal Production by State and Mining Method, 1999 ................................... 11

6. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 1999 ....... 12

7. U.S. Coal Production by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 1999 .................................. 14

8. U.S. Coal Production and Coalbed Thickness by Major Coalbeds and Mine Type, 1999 ............... 15

9. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 1999 ............................... 16

10. Coal Production by State, Coal Rank, and Group, 1999 ............................................. 17

11. Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 ....................................... 18

12. Coal Disposition by State, 1999 .................................................................. 20

13. Coal Mining Acreage, Production and Royalties from Federal and Indian Leases by State, 1999 ....... 21

14. Major U.S. Coal Mines, 1999 ..................................................................... 22

15. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 1999 ................................................................. 23

16. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ...................................... 26

17. Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ...................................... 27

18. Production, Productive Capacity, and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and Mine Type, 1999 28

19. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining Method,

1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

20. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and Coal Rank, 1999 ........... 30

21. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and Mine Production Range, 1999 31

22. Productive Capacity and Productivity of Coal Mines by State and Capacity Utilization Range, 1999 ... 32

23. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and Recoverable Reserves Range,

1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

24. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State, Mine Type, and Union Type,

1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

25. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 .......................... 40

26. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................... 41

27. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Mines by State and Mine

Type, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

28. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Underground Mines by State and Mining Method, 1999 ..... 43

29. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Underground Coal Mines by State and Mining Method,

1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

30. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine

Production Range and Mine Type, 1999 ........................................................... 45

31. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Mines by Coalbed

Thickness and Mine Type, 1999 .................................................................. 45

32. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Mines by State, Mine Type,

and Union Type, 1999 ........................................................................... 46

33. U.S. Demonstrated Reserve Base of Coal by Potential Mining Method and Ranked by State Total,

January 1, 1997 ................................................................................. 48

34. Year-End Producer and Distributor Coal Stocks by State, 1995-1999 ................................ 50

35. U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................ 52

36. Coal Imports by Customs District, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................................... 53

37. U.S. Receipts of Imported Coal by Country of Origin and Destination State, 1990, 1995-1999 ........ 54

38. Imported Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Country of Origin and Destination State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

39. Imported Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by Country of Origin and Destination State,

1997-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

40. Average Number of Employees/Miners by State, 1990, 1995-1999 .................................. 64

41. Average Number of Employees/Miners at Underground Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ............ 65

42. Average Number of Employees/Miners at Surface Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................. 66

43. Average Number of Employees by State and Mine Production Range, 1999 .......................... 67

44. Average Number of Employees at Underground Mines by State and Mine Production Range, 1999 .... 68

45. Average Number of Employees at Surface Mines by State and Mine Production Range, 1999 ......... 69

vi Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
46. Average Number of Employees by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 ......................... 70

47. U.S. Coal Mine Injuries, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................................................... 71

48. Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................................... 74

49. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999 .................................. 75

50. Surface Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ....................................... 76

51. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 1999 ........................................... 77

52. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method, 1999 .......................... 79

53. U.S. Coal Mining Productivity by Coalbed Thickness and Mining Method, 1999 ..................... 80

54. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 1999 ................... 81

55. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 .............................. 83

56. Distribution of U.S. Coal by State of Origin, 1995-1999 ............................................ 87

57. Domestic and Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by State of Origin, 1995-1999 ...................... 88

58. Major U.S. Coal Distributors, 1999 ............................................................... 89

59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and State, and Destination Census

Division and State, 1995-1999 .................................................................... 90

60. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States and Destination, 1995-1999 ...... 102

61. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Metallurgical Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States and Destination,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

62. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Steam Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States and Destination, 1995-1999 109

63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination and Method of

Transporation, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer, Origin and Method of

Transporation, 1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999 .............. 171

66. Major U.S. Coal Consumers, 1999 ............................................................... 185

67. Coal Consumption by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................ 187

68. Year-End Consumer Coal Stocks by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................... 189

69. Coal Consumption at Electric Utility Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ......... 190

70. Year-End Coal Stocks at Electric Utility Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ..... 191

71. Coal Consumption at Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ........ 192

72. Year-End Coal Stocks at Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ..... 193

73. Coal Carbonized at Coke Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 .................... 194

74. Year-End Coal Stocks at Coke Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ............... 194

75. Coal Consumption by Residential and Commercial Sector, by Census Division and State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

76. U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................................... 199

77. U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................. 200

78. U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................ 201

79. Coal Exports by Customs District, 1990, 1995-1999 .............................................. 202

80. Average Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................. 206

81. Average Real Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................................ 207

82. Average Price of Coal by State and Mine Type, 1999 ............................................. 208

83. Average Price of Coal by State and Underground Mining Method, 1999 ............................ 209

84. Coal Disposition, Number of Mines, and Average Price, by State and County, 1999 ................. 210

85. Average Price by State and Coal Rank, 1999 ..................................................... 214

86. Average Price of U.S. Coal by Mine Production Range and Mine Type, 1999 ....................... 215

87. Average Price of U.S. Coal by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 1999 ........................... 215

88. Average Price of Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999 ..................................... 216

89. Average Price of Underground Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999 ........................ 217

90. Average Price of Surface Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999 .............................. 218

91. Average Price by State and Disposition, 1999 .................................................... 219

92. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 222

93. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by Census Division and State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223

94. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

95. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

96. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ..... 226

97. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 226

98. Average Price of U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999 .......... 228

99. Average Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 .............................. 229

100. Average Real Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................... 230

101. Average Price of U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ................. 231

102. Average Real Price of U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ............ 232

103. Average Price of U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................ 233

104. Average Real Price of U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 ................... 234

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 vii 
105. Estimate of the Recoverable Reserves of Coal by Sulfur Range, State, and Mine Type ............... 236

106. Average Quality of Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 238

107. Average Quality of Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by Census Division and State,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

A1. Alabama Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................ 250

A2. Arizona Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................ 251

A3. Colorado Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ....................................................... 252

A4. Illinois Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................................................... 253

A5. Indiana Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................................................... 254

A6. Kentucky Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ....................................................... 255

A7. Montana Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................ 256

A8. New Mexico Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 .................................................... 257

A9. North Dakota Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................... 258

A10. Ohio Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................... 259

A11. Pennsylvania Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................... 260

A12. Texas Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 .......................................................... 261

A13. Utah Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................... 262

A14. Virginia Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................................................ 263

A15. West Virginia Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................... 264

A16. Wyoming Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ....................................................... 265

A17. All Other States Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................. 266

A18. Total U.S. Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999 ...................................................... 267

B1. Trends in U.S. Coal Production, Imports, Consumption, Exports, and Stocks, 1990, 1995-1999 ...... 269

B2. Coal Production by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ....................................................... 270

B3. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ..................................... 271

B4. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ......................... 272

B5. U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999 ........................... 273

B6. Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999 .............................................. 274

B7. Coal Consumption by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................ 275

B8. Year-End Consumer Coal Stocks by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................... 276

B9. U.S. Coal Exports by Destinaion, 1990, 1995-1999 ............................................... 277

B10. Average Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999 ................................................. 278

B11. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 279

B12. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and State, 1990,

1995-1999 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

B13. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999 ..... 281

B14. Average Price of U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999 .......... 282

B15. Average Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999 .............................. 283

C1. Classification of Coals by Rank ................................................................. 286

C2. Approximate Heat Content of Coal .............................................................. 287

D1. Interquartile Range and Average Mine Price by State and Mine Type, 1998 ......................... 290

D2. Implicit Price Deflator, 1990-1999 ............................................................... 299

Illustrations

Page

1. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999 ....... 38

2. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Coal Mines by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999 39

3. U.S. Coal Imports, 1990-1999 .................................................................... 51

4. Average Number of U.S. Employees/Miners by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999 ............... 62

5. U.S. Coal Mining Productivity by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999 ............................ 63

6. U.S. Coal Mine Injuries, 1990-1999 .............................................................. 72

7. U.S. Coal Mine Fatalities, 1990-1999 ............................................................. 72

8. Coal Distribution, 1990-1999 ..................................................................... 86

9. U.S. Coal Consumption, 1990-1999 .............................................................. 184

10. U.S. Consumer Coal Stocks, 1990-1999 .......................................................... 188

11. U.S. Coal Exports, 1990-1999 ................................................................... 198

12. Coal Prices, 1990-1999 ......................................................................... 204

13. U.S. Coal Prices by Sector, 1990-1999 ........................................................... 221

C1. Coal-Bearing Areas of the United States ......................................................... 285

viii Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 ix

Executive Summary

Overview

Unlike increases in previous years, U.S. coal production

declined by 1.5 percent from 1998, to 1,100.4 million

short tons in 1999, according to data from the Energy

Information Administration (Table ES1). This decline

marked the first decrease in coal production since a

slight dip in 1995 and was primarily attributable to a

large drop in coal exports coupled with a smaller than

usual growth in coal consumption for power generation.

Coal consumption in the United States totaled 1,044.5

million short tons in 1999. Some 946.8 million short

tons, 90.6 percent of the total consumption, were used

by the electric power sector to produce 50.8 percent of

total electric generation from all energy sources. Nonetheless, coal use for electricity generation grew only by

1 percent in 1999, as nuclear power generation surged by

8 percent, to a record level in 1999, displacing some coalbased generation. Unseasonably mild weather in 1999

also contributed to reduced reliance on coal-fired generation. Coal use in the non-electricity sector continued its

downward trend, totaling 97.7 million short tons in 1999.

Faced with weak world coal prices and fierce competition from other coal exporting countries, U.S. coal

exports fell precipitously in 1999, by 25.1 percent, to 58.5

million short tons. On the other hand, coal imports rose

by 4.2 percent to 9.1 million short tons, reflecting weak

offshore coal prices and increased demand for lowsulfur coal to meet stricter sulfur emission reduction

requirements of Phase II of the 1990 Clean Air Act

Amendments (CAAA), which became effective January

1, 2000.

Year-end coal stocks in the United States totaled 175.5

million short tons, an increase of 10.9 million short tons

from 1998. Stocks held by coal producers and distributors remained nearly unchanged at 39.5 million

short tons. The increase was entirely due to increased

stocks on hand at electric generators, reflecting less than

anticipated demand for coal-fired generation.

The price of coal continued its downward trend that

started more than a decade ago. On a delivered basis,

the average utility coal price per ton dropped by 3.7

percent in 1999, the price of industrial steam coal

declined by 2.2 percent, and the price of coking coal fell

marginally. With unusually weak world coal prices, the

average price of U.S. coal exports, measured in free

alongside ship (f.a.s.) value, declined by 6.1 percent to

$36.50 per short ton in 1999, while the price of coal

imports fell by 4.4 percent to $30.77 per short ton.

The text that follows provides detailed information

about these figures and other coal supply and demand

trends in 1999.

Production

Coal production in 1999 totaled 1,100.4 million short

tons, down by 1.5 percent (17.1 million short tons) from

1998 (Figure ES1 and Table ES1). The 1999 decline was

primarily attributable to (1) a weak demand for coal for

power generation due largely to a sizable increase in

nuclear-powered electricity generation, and (2) a substantial drop in coal exports. Because many nuclear

power plants are located east of the Mississippi River

and a majority of coal exports originate from eastern

coal fields (primarily West Virginia, Virginia, and

Eastern Kentucky), eastern coal production suffered the

largest setback in 1999. Power plant operators’ preparations for the stricter sulfur emissions reduction requirements of CAAA Phase II also contributed to the decline

in high-sulfur eastern coal production and boosted lowsulfur western coal production, principally out of the

Powder River Basin (Figure ES2 and Table ES2).

Coal production in the Appalachian Region was 425.6

million short tons in 1999, down by 7.6 percent from the

1998 production of 460.4 million short tons, reaching its

lowest level since 1993. West Virginia, the largest coalproducing State in the East, produced 158 million short

tons, down by 7.7 percent (13.1 million short tons) from

1998, a result of declines in U.S. coal exports and weak

growth in coal-fired generation in the East. Similarly,

coal output in Eastern Kentucky, another key coal field

in the East, declined by 5.7 percent (6.7 million short

tons) to 110 million short tons in 1999.

Coal output in Pennsylvania was also lower in 1999, by

5.7 percent (4.6 million short tons), reflecting weak

utility coal demand in the State. The 1999 decline

reversed the production growth in 1997 and 1998, which

was due to increased shipments of its coal to Canada’s

Ontario Hydro and increased utility coal use in the State.
x Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

Item 1996 1997 1998 1999

Production by Region

 Appalachian ...................................... 451.9 467.8 460.4 425.6

 Interior ...................................... 172.8 170.9 168.4 162.5

 Western ..................................... 439.1 451.3 488.8 512.3

 Total ...................................... 1,063.9 1,089.9 1,117.5 1,100.4

Consumption by Sector

 Electric Power ................................. 896.9 922.0 937.8 946.8

 Electric Utilities .............................. 874.7 900.4 910.9 894.1

 Other Power Producers a ...................... 22.2 21.6 26.9 52.7

 Coke Plants .................................. 31.7 30.2 28.2 28.1

 Other Industrial Plants .......................... R71.7 R71.5 R67.5 64.7

 Residential/Commercial Users ..................... 6.0 6.5 4.9 4.9

 Total ...................................... R1,006.3 R1,030.1 R1,038.3 1,044.5

Year-End Coal Stocks

 Electric Utility ................................. 114.6 98.8 120.5 128.5

 Coke Plants .................................. 2.7 2.0 2.0 1.9

 Other Industrial Plants .......................... 5.7 5.6 R5.6 5.6

 Producers/Distributors .......................... 28.6 34.0 36.5 39.5

 Total ...................................... 151.6 140.4 R164.6 175.5

U.S. Coal Trade

 Exports ...................................... 90.5 83.5 78.0 58.5

 Steam Coal ................................. 37.5 31.4 31.0 26.3

 Metallurgical Coal ............................ 53.0 52.2 47.1 32.1

 Imports ...................................... 8.1 7.5 8.7 9.1

 Net Exports ................................. 82.3 76.1 69.3 49.4

Average Delivered Price

 Electric Utilities ................................ 26.45 26.16 25.64 24.72 

 Coke Plants .................................. 47.33 47.61 46.06 45.85 

 Other Industrial Plants .......................... 32.32 32.41 32.30 31.59 

Average Free Alongside Ship (f.a.s.) Price

 Exports ...................................... 40.76 40.55 38.89 36.50 

 Steam Coal ................................. 34.09 32.42 30.24 29.91 

 Metallurgical Coal ............................ 45.49 45.45 44.58 41.91 

 Imports ...................................... 33.45 34.32 32.18 30.77 

 a

Include utility coal-fired power plants sold to nonutilities during 1998 and 1999. Coal consumption by cogenerators are included

in the end-use sector.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Sum of net exports, stock changes, and

consumption may not equal production, primarily because the supply and disposition data are obtained from different surveys. 

 Sources: Production, consumption, stocks, and prices: Energy Information Administration, Quarterly Coal Report, OctoberDecember 1999, DOE/EIA-0121(99/4Q) (Washington, DC, April 2000); Coal Industry Annual 1998, DOE/EIA-0584(98) (Washington,

DC, April 2000); Electric Power Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington, DC, April 2001); and Federal Energy

Regulatory Commission Form 423, “Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Utilities.” Exports and imports: U.S. Department of

Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report EM 545” and “Monthly Report IM 145.”

Table ES1. U.S. Coal Supply, Disposition, and Prices, 1996-1999

(Million Short Tons and Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Coal production in the Interior Region was down by 3.5

percent from 1998, to 162.5 million short tons in 1999.

This decline was most evident in Western Kentucky,

where coal production dropped by 12.1 percent (4 million short tons), continuing its slide in recent years.

Indiana’s coal production also declined in 1999, by 2.8

million short tons (7.6 percent). In the previous 2 years,

Indiana’s coal production rose substantially in contrast

to the declines in other coal fields of the Illinois

Basin&Illinois and Western Kentucky. Coal output in

Illinois in 1999 was slightly higher than in 1998. Lignite

production in Texas, another large coal-producing State

in the Interior Region, was also slightly higher at 53.1

million short tons in 1999. Recent noteworthy events in

this Region include the opening of the first ever lignite

mine in Mississippi at a minemouth power plant.
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 xi

19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

Million Short Tons

U.S. Total

Appalachian

Western

Interior

Figure ES2. Coal Production by Region, 1989-1999

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$SSDODFKLDQ





86 7RWDO  0LOOLRQ 6KRUW 7RQV 

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Figure ES1. Coal Production by Coal-Producing Region, 1999

(Million Short Tons and Percent Change from 1998)

The Western Region was the only region to increase production overall in 1999. Led by Wyoming, coal output

reached 512.3 million short tons in 1999, comprising 46.6

percent of the U.S. total. Western coal production was

up by 4.8 percent (23.5 million short tons) from 1998.

Coal output in Wyoming, by far the largest coal-producing State in the country, continued to grow rapidly,

by 7.2 percent (22.7 million short tons), to 337.1 million

short tons in 1999. Low-sulfur, low-ash Powder River

Basin (PRB) coal continued to expand its markets in the

southwestern and midwestern States and penetrate into

the eastern coal markets. Preparations for CAAA Phase

II sulfur emission reduction requirements helped to

drive PRB coal production in 1999.

No other western coal-producing States realized growth

as robust as Wyoming did in 1999. While coal production rose 4.2 percent in Arizona and 4.1 percent in

North Dakota, output growth was marginal in other

States and was negative in Montana, reflecting weak

utility demand for coal. Coal exports from Utah continued to decline. Since 1995, Utah’s coal exports have

dropped 12.4 percent, which has had a pronounced

effect on its coal output growth.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Quarterly Coal

Report, October-December 1999, DOE/EIA-0121(99/4Q)

(Washington, DC, April 2000); Coal Production, DOE/EIA-0118,

various issues; and Coal Industry Annual 1998, DOE/EIA0584(98) (Washington, DC, April 2000).

 Source: Energy Information Administration.
xii Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

Coal-Producing Region

and State 1996 1997 1998 1999

Appalachian Total ..................... 451.9 467.8 460.4 425.6

 Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.6 24.5 23.0 19.5

 Kentucky, Eastern ..................... 117.0 120.9 116.7 110.0

 Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 4.2 4.0 3.8

 Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 29.2 28.0 22.5

 Pennsylvania Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 76.2 81.0 76.4

 Anthracite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.7 5.2 4.8

 Bituminous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.2 71.5 75.8 71.6

 Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.3 2.7 3.0

 Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.6 35.8 33.7 32.3

 West Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170.4 173.7 171.1 158.0

 Northern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.9 42.8 44.7 38.8

 Southern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.5 130.9 126.5 119.2

Interior Total ......................... 172.8 170.9 168.4 162.5

 Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * *

 Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.7 41.2 39.7 40.4

 Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 35.5 36.8 34.0

 Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4

 Kentucky, Western . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.5 34.9 33.6 29.6

 Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.0

 Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – – – *

 Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4

 Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7

 Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 53.3 52.6 53.1

Western Total ......................... 439.1 451.3 488.8 512.3

 Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.6

 Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 11.7 11.3 11.8

 Colorado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.9 27.4 29.6 30.0

 Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.9 41.0 42.8 41.1

 New Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 27.0 28.6 29.2

 North Dakota . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.9 29.6 29.9 31.1

 Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.5 26.7 26.1 26.4

 Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.1

 Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.4 281.9 314.4 337.1

U.S. Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,063.9 1,089.9 1,117.5 1,100.4

 * = Less than 50 thousand short tons.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Coal Industry Annual 1998, DOE/EIA-0584(98) (Washington, DC, April 2000); and

Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report,” and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health

Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.”

Table ES2. U.S. Coal Production by Coal-Producing Region and State, 1996-1999

(Million Short Tons)

Consumption

In 1999, coal consumption in the United States totaled

1,044.5 million short tons. Some 946.8 million short tons,

90.6 percent of the total, were used by the electric

power sector to produce more than half (50.8 percent) of

all electricity generated (Table ES1, Figure ES3).

However, coal consumption for power generation rose

by a mere 1 percent in 1999, owing to unseasonably mild

weather and improved nuclear power plant performance (Figure ES4).

Nuclear power generation increased substantially (8 percent) in 1999, to a record level of 728.3 billion

kilowatthours, a 19.6-percent share of total electricity

generation in 1999. Several nuclear generating units

returned on line after maintenance, repair, and refueling

outages. This event resulted in a record average annual
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 xiii

18.6

8.8

15.2

5.5

51.8

19.9

8.5

15.5

5.3

50.8

Nuclear Hydro Gas Petroleum

and Other

Coal

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Percent

1998 1999

Figure ES3. Share of Electric Power Industry Net

Generation by Energy Source,

1998 vs. 1999

capacity factor of 85.3 percent, up from 78.2 percent in

1998. The 54.6 billion-kilowatthour increase in nuclear

power generation&equivalent to approximately 28.0

million short tons of utility coal&constrained growth in

coal-fired generation in 1999 and, hence, coal consumption and production, largely in the East.

In both the New England and Middle Atlantic Census

Divisions, coal consumption by electric power plants

declined significantly due to competition from nuclear

power generation and constraints to meet environmental regulations. In the New England Census

Division, consumption of coal for power generation

decreased by 1.4 million tons (-18.1 percent) from 1998

levels. Coal consumption in the Middle Atlantic Census

Division declined by 2.6 million tons (-4.1 percent),

reflecting significant increases in nuclear power generation of 17.5 billion kilowatthours in that region.

Coal use in the non-electric power sector declined by 2.7

percent to a total of 97.7 million short tons in 1999

(Figure ES5). While coal consumption by coke plants (at

28.1 million short tons) and residential/commercial

users (4.9 million short tons) remained virtually

unchanged, other industrial use of coal (largely in the

food, paper, chemical, nonmetallic mineral products,

and primary metal manufacturing industries) fell by 4.0

percent to 64.7 million short tons in 1999, continuing its

downward trend in recent years. Competition from

natural gas has gradually been diminishing coal use in

the manufacturing industry.

Coal prices continued their downward trend in 1999,

reflecting ongoing productivity gains in coal mining and

transportation and expirations of high-cost, long-term

coal contracts. On the delivered basis, the average price

of utility coal declined by 3.7 percent from $25.64 per

short ton (125.2 cents per million Btu) to $24.72 per short

ton (121.0 cents per million Btu) in 1999. The price of

industrial steam coal declined to $31.59 per short ton,

and the price of coking coal eased down slightly from

1998's $46.06 per short ton to $45.85 in 1999 (Figure ES6).

Exports and Imports 

Exports&Although coal exports account for a small

segment of the U.S. coal industry, they fell so precipitously in 1999 that their decline was identified as a

major factor for the decrease in coal production. Coal

exports declined by 25.1 percent, to 58.5 million short

tons in 1999 (Figure ES7). The year 1999 marked the third

consecutive year of decline and a long fall from the

record high of 109.0 million short tons in 1991. The

United States ranks third in the world in coal exports,

surpassed by South Africa in 1998. Australia is by far the

world’s largest coal exporter, with exports three times

that of the United States.

Both steam and metallurgical coal exports declined in

1999. Steam coal exports declined by 14.9 percent, to 26.3

million short tons in 1999. Metallurgical coal exports fell

by a staggering 31.8 percent, to 32.1 million short tons in

1999, accounting for the majority of the decline in total

coal exports. This downward pattern continued from

previous years as evidenced most recently between 1997

and 1998, when exports of metallurgical coal fell by 5.1

million tons.

Declines in coal exports were attributable to lower world

coal prices, reflecting lower mine costs at U.S. competitors and favorable exchange rates that enabled them

to lower their prices in U.S. dollars. Some U.S. exporters

reportedly withdrew from coal trade as world coal prices

were too low to continue participating. The average price

for U.S. metallurgical coal exports fell by 6 percent in

1999 to $41.91 per short ton, and the average for U.S.

steam coal exports declined by 1.1 percent to $29.91 per

short ton.

In 1999, U.S. coal exports declined sharply in every world

region except North America, where coal shipments fell

marginally. Shipments to Canada totaled 19.8 million

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Electric Power

Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington, DC,

April 2001); Form EIA-759, “Monthly Power Plant Report,” and

Form EIA-860B, “Annual Electric Generator Report %

Nonutility.”
xiv Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

South Atlantic

165.1 (0.9%)

Middle Atlantic

61.4 (-4.1%)

West 

North Central

131.1 (0.4%) East 

North Central

206.7 (0.1%)

New England

6.4 (-18.1%)

East

South Central

102.8 (4.0%)

Mountain

113.8 (0.8%)

West South Central

148.6 (4.1%)

Pacific 

Contiguous

9.8 (4.7%)

Pacific 

Noncontiguous

1.4 (-12.9 %)

U.S. Total = 946.8 (1.0 %)

Figure ES4. Electric Power Sector Consumption of Coal by Census Division, 1999

(Million Short Tons and Percent Change from 1998)

19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

Million Short Tons

U.S. Total

Electricity Generation

Residential/Commercial

and

Other Industrial Coke Plants

Figure ES5. Coal Consumption by Sector,

1989-1999

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Electric Power Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington, DC, April

2001); Form EIA-759, “Monthly Power Plant Report,” and Form EIA-860B, “Annual Electric Generator Report % Nonutility.”

19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999

20

30

40

50

Dollars per Short Ton

Coke Plants

Exports

Other Industrial Imports

Electric Utilities

0

Figure ES6. Delivered Coal Prices, 1989-1999

(Nominal Dollars)

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Quarterly Coal

Report, October-December 1999, DOE/EIA-0121(99/4Q)

(Washington, DC, April 2000); Coal Industry Annual 1998,

DOE/EIA-0584(98) (Washington, DC, April 2000); Electric Power

Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington, DC, April

2001); and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,

“Monthly Report EM 545” and “Monthly Report IM 145.”

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Quarterly Coal

Report, October-December 1999, DOE/EIA-0121(99/4Q)

(Washington, DC, April 2000); Coal Industry Annual 1998,

DOE/EIA-0584(98) (Washington, DC, April 2000); and Electric

Power Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington,

DC, April 2001).
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 xv

short tons in 1999, as compared to 20.7 million short tons

in 1998. Steam coal shipments, almost entirely to Ontario

Hydro, were at 15.5 million short tons, nearly unchanged from the level in 1998. 

Coal exports to Europe fell by 33.4 percent, to 22.5

million short tons in 1999. Metallurgical coal exports to

Europe, the primary market for U.S. coal, declined by

29.6 percent, to 18.3 million short tons in 1999. Similarly,

steam coal exports plunged by 46 percent, from 7.8

million short tons in 1998 to 4.2 million short tons in

1999. Increased flows of lower priced Australian metallurgical coal and steam coals from South Africa, Colombia, and Venezuela severely limited U.S. participation

in the European markets. Additionally, coal has faced

competitive pressures from natural gas in Europe&in

terms of both price and environmental protection.

The growing Asian market for steam coal was largely

dominated by lower priced Australian coal due to

Australia’s favorable exchange rate with the U.S. dollar

and large gains in coal mine productivity in recent years.

Australia also has a significant cost advantage because

of its close proximity to the Asian market. Indonesia,

with increased output of its ultra clean, low-sulfur coal,

also provided competition for the Asian market.

The metallurgical coal market in Asia was extremely

weak in 1999, due to falling steel prices and soft

demand. With major price cuts in 1999, Australian and

Canadian metallurgical coals dominated the Asian

market, which also contributed to limited U.S.

participation. U.S. coal exports to Asia totaled 9.2

million short tons in 1999, down by 25.6 percent from

1998. U.S. metallurgical coal exports to Asia plunged

40.1 percent, to 4.1 million short tons in 1999, while

steam coal exports declined 7.9 percent, to 5.1 million

short tons.

Imports&U. S. coal imports totaled 9.1 million short tons

in 1999, a 4.2-percent increase from 1998 (Figure ES7).

Imports represented less than 1 percent of U.S. consumption and were equivalent to about 15 percent of

U.S. exports. The increase in imports in 1999 was attributable to weak prices for offshore coal and increased

demand for low-sulfur coal to prepare for the stricter

sulfur emission requirements of Phase II of the CAAA.

The average price of all coal imported into the United

States fell by 4.4 percent, to $30.77 per short ton in 1999

from the 1998 price of $32.18.

Colombia remained the largest supplier of U.S. imports,

with 4.6 million short tons; Venezuela followed with 2.1

million short tons, Indonesia with 1.1 million short tons,

and Canada with 1 million short tons. Although imports

primarily consisted of steam coal bought by a few East

Coast power plants, coal from Canada was largely

metallurgical coal used by coke plants in Illinois,

Indiana, and Michigan.

Stocks

At the end of 1999, coal stocks in the United States

totaled 175.5 million short tons, an increase of 10.9

million short tons from 1998 (Figure ES8). Coal producers and distributors held 39.5 million short tons, or

8.1 percent more than they held in 1998. Year-end coal

stocks for industrial users, including coke plants,

remained virtually unchanged at 7.5 million short tons.

Stocks held by the electric utility sector increased to

128.5 million short tons, an increase of 8.0 million short

tons over 1998. Coal stocks at power plants rose in

virtually every area of the country. The exception was

the Middle Atlantic Census Division (New Jersey, New

York, and Pennsylvania) where power plant coal stocks

declined from 10.2 million tons in 1998 to 4.3 million

tons in 1999.

Two factors were primarily responsible for the buildup.

First, coal consumption for power generation was lower

in most regions of the country than the amount of coal

receipts by power producers as a result of increased

nuclear power generation and the mild weather in 1999.

Second, western areas hard hit by Union Pacific

Railroad’s delivery problems in 1997, particularly the

West South Central Census Division, continued to

replenish their stockpiles in 1999.

1989199019911992199319941995199619971998

1999

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Million Short Tons

Total Exports

Metallurgical Coal Exports

Steam Coal

Exports

Total Imports

Figure ES7. U.S. Coal Exports and Imports,

1989-1999

 Sources: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the

Census, “Monthly Report EM 545” and “Monthly Report IM

145.”
xvi Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Quarterly Coal

Report, October-December 1999, DOE/EIA-0121(99/4Q)

(Washington, DC, April 2000); Coal Industry Annual 1998,

DOE/EIA-0584(98) (Washington, DC, April 2000); and Electric

Power Monthly, April 2001, DOE/EIA-0226(01/04) (Washington,

DC, April 2001).

19891990199119921993199419951996199719981999

0

50

100

150

200

250

Million Short Tons

Total

Electric Power

Sector

Producer/Distributor

Coke Plants Other Industrial

Figure ES8. Year-End Coal Stocks, 1989-1999
Supply

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 1 
Production

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 3 
Table 1. Coal Production by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 19,504 23,013 24,468 24,637 24,640 29,030 −15.2 −5.7 −4.3

Alaska............................................................... 1,565 1,344 1,450 1,481 1,698 1,706 16.4 −2.0 −.9

Arizona ............................................................. 11,787 11,315 11,723 10,442 11,947 11,304 4.2 −.3 .5

Arkansas ........................................................... 22 24 18 21 29 59 −9.2 −6.7 −10.3

California.......................................................... − − − − − 61 −− −

Colorado ........................................................... 29,989 29,631 27,449 24,886 25,710 18,910 1.2 3.9 5.3

Illinois............................................................... 40,417 39,732 41,159 46,656 48,180 60,393 1.7 −4.3 −4.4

Indiana .............................................................. 34,004 36,803 35,497 29,670 26,007 35,907 −7.6 6.9 −.6

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 381 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 409 341 360 232 285 721 20.0 9.4 −6.1

Kentucky Total................................................. 139,626 150,295 155,853 152,425 153,739 173,322 −7.1 −2.4 −2.4

Eastern ........................................................... 110,043 116,654 120,918 116,951 118,541 128,396 −5.7 −1.8 −1.7

Western.......................................................... 29,583 33,641 34,936 35,474 35,198 44,926 −12.1 −4.3 −4.5

Louisiana .......................................................... 2,953 3,216 3,545 3,221 3,719 3,186 −8.2 −5.6 −.8

Maryland .......................................................... 3,837 4,060 4,160 4,093 3,667 3,487 −5.5 1.1 1.1

Mississippi........................................................ 18 − − − − −− − −

Missouri............................................................ 392 372 401 710 548 2,647 5.4 −8.0 −19.1

Montana............................................................ 41,102 42,840 41,005 37,891 39,451 37,616 −4.0 1.0 1.0

New Mexico..................................................... 29,156 28,597 27,025 24,067 26,813 24,292 1.9 2.1 2.0

North Dakota.................................................... 31,135 29,912 29,580 29,861 30,112 29,213 4.1 .8 .7

Ohio .................................................................. 22,480 28,048 29,154 28,572 26,118 35,252 −19.8 −3.7 −4.9

Oklahoma ......................................................... 1,661 1,661 1,621 1,701 1,876 1,698 * −3.0 −.2

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 76,399 81,036 76,198 67,942 61,576 70,514 −5.7 5.5 .9

Anthracite ...................................................... 4,753 5,231 4,678 4,751 4,682 3,506 −9.1 .4 3.4

Bituminous .................................................... 71,646 75,805 71,520 63,190 56,893 67,008 −5.5 5.9 .7

Tennessee ......................................................... 3,037 2,696 3,300 3,651 3,221 6,193 12.6 −1.5 −7.6

Texas ................................................................ 53,072 52,583 53,328 55,164 52,684 55,755 .9 .2 −.5

Utah .................................................................. 26,373 26,075 26,683 27,507 25,167 22,058 1.1 1.2 2.0

Virginia............................................................. 32,294 33,747 35,837 35,590 34,099 46,917 −4.3 −1.3 −4.1

Washington....................................................... 4,101 4,638 4,495 4,565 4,868 5,001 −11.6 −4.2 −2.2

West Virginia Total ......................................... 157,978 171,145 173,743 170,433 162,997 169,205 −7.7 −.8 −.8

Northern......................................................... 38,788 44,618 42,802 45,910 46,114 56,641 −13.1 −4.2 −4.1

Southern......................................................... 119,191 126,527 130,941 124,523 116,883 112,564 −5.8 .5 .6

Wyoming .......................................................... 337,119 314,409 281,881 278,440 263,822 184,249 7.2 6.3 6.9

Appalachian Total1........................................ 425,573 460,400 467,778 451,868 434,861 488,993 −7.6 −.5 −1.5

Interior Total1 ................................................ 162,530 168,374 170,863 172,848 168,526 205,671 −3.5 −.9 −2.6

Western Total1 ............................................... 512,328 488,762 451,291 439,140 429,587 334,411 4.8 4.5 4.8

East of Miss. River......................................... 529,594 570,576 579,369 563,668 544,246 630,218 −7.2 −.7 −1.9

West of Miss. River ....................................... 570,837 546,960 510,563 500,188 488,728 398,858 4.4 3.9 4.1

U.S. Total ........................................................ 1,100,431 1,117,535 1,089,932 1,063,856 1,032,974 1,029,076 −1.5 1.6 .7

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

4 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 2. Number of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 47 53 51 53 73 97 −11.3 −10.4 −7.7

Alaska............................................................... 1 1 1 1 1 1 −− −

Arizona ............................................................. 2 2 2 2 2 2 −− −

Arkansas ........................................................... 3 3 3 5 3 7 − −−9.0

California.......................................................... − − − − − 1 −− −

Colorado ........................................................... 12 12 14 15 17 23 − −8.3 −7.0

Illinois............................................................... 23 24 28 31 31 45 −4.2 −7.2 −7.2

Indiana .............................................................. 34 41 39 37 42 64 −17.1 −5.1 −6.8

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 3 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 2 2 3 1 1 4 − 18.9 −7.4

Kentucky Total................................................. 458 482 529 544 598 987 −5.0 −6.4 −8.2

Eastern ........................................................... 421 445 482 484 540 902 −5.4 −6.0 −8.1

Western.......................................................... 37 37 47 60 58 85 − −10.6 −8.8

Louisiana .......................................................... 2 2 2 2 2 2 −− −

Maryland .......................................................... 15 16 18 18 20 27 −6.3 −6.9 −6.3

Mississippi........................................................ 1 − − − − −− − −

Missouri............................................................ 2 4 4 5 6 5 −50.0 −24.0 −9.7

Montana............................................................ 6 6 8 8 8 9 − −6.9 −4.4

New Mexico..................................................... 7 7 6 6 7 7 −− −

North Dakota.................................................... 4 4 6 5 6 11 − −9.6 −10.6

Ohio .................................................................. 79 83 81 99 113 172 −4.8 −8.5 −8.3

Oklahoma ......................................................... 10 8 11 12 13 23 25.0 −6.3 −8.8

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 339 375 403 402 459 673 −9.6 −7.3 −7.3

Anthracite ...................................................... 111 123 131 127 134 187 −9.8 −4.6 −5.6

Bituminous .................................................... 228 252 272 275 325 486 −9.5 −8.5 −8.1

Tennessee ......................................................... 24 27 27 26 25 86 −11.1 −1.0 −13.2

Texas ................................................................ 14 14 12 13 14 15 − −−.8

Utah .................................................................. 15 15 12 11 13 18 − 3.6 −2.0

Virginia............................................................. 161 173 191 191 194 340 −6.9 −4.5 −8.0

Washington....................................................... 2 2 3 3 3 4 − −9.6 −7.4

West Virginia Total ......................................... 306 346 349 386 424 771 −11.6 −7.8 −9.8

Northern......................................................... 71 69 80 93 98 205 2.9 −7.7 −11.1

Southern......................................................... 235 277 269 293 326 566 −15.2 −7.8 −9.3

Wyoming .......................................................... 22 24 25 27 29 33 −8.3 −6.7 −4.4

Appalachian Total1........................................ 1,392 1,518 1,602 1,659 1,848 3,068 −8.3 −6.8 −8.4

Interior Total1 ................................................ 128 135 149 166 170 253 −5.2 −6.8 −7.3

Western Total1 ............................................... 71 73 77 78 86 109 −2.7 −4.7 −4.6

East of Miss. River......................................... 1,487 1,620 1,716 1,787 1,979 3,262 −8.2 −6.9 −8.3

West of Miss. River ....................................... 104 106 112 116 125 168 −1.9 −4.5 −5.2

U.S. Total ........................................................ 1,591 1,726 1,828 1,903 2,104 3,430 −7.8 −6.7 −8.2

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Note: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 5 
Table 3. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Mine Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

State and Region Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production

Alabama .................................................. 9 14,799 38 4,705 47 19,504

Alaska ..................................................... − − 1 1,565 1 1,565

Arizona .................................................... − − 2 11,787 2 11,787

Arkansas .................................................. − − 3 22 3 22

Colorado .................................................. 8 20,478 4 9,511 12 29,989

Illinois ..................................................... 17 36,758 6 3,659 23 40,417

Indiana .................................................... 3 3,553 31 30,451 34 34,004

Kansas ..................................................... − − 2 409 2 409

Kentucky Total ....................................... 260 86,150 198 53,476 458 139,626

Eastern .................................................. 243 62,932 178 47,111 421 110,043

Western ................................................ 17 23,218 20 6,364 37 29,583

Louisiana ................................................. − − 2 2,953 2 2,953

Maryland ................................................. 2 3,280 13 557 15 3,837

Mississippi .............................................. − − 1 18 1 18

Missouri .................................................. − − 2 392 2 392

Montana .................................................. − − 6 41,102 6 41,102

New Mexico ........................................... 1 106 6 29,051 7 29,156

North Dakota .......................................... − − 4 31,135 4 31,135

Ohio ........................................................ 8 11,431 71 11,048 79 22,480

Oklahoma ................................................ 1 200 9 1,461 10 1,661

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 87 59,211 252 17,188 339 76,399

Anthracite ............................................. 32 377 79 4,376 111 4,753

Bituminous ........................................... 55 58,834 173 12,812 228 71,646

Tennessee ................................................ 13 1,489 11 1,548 24 3,037

Texas ....................................................... − − 14 53,072 14 53,072

Utah ......................................................... 15 26,373 − − 15 26,373

Virginia ................................................... 113 22,562 48 9,732 161 32,294

Washington ............................................. − − 2 4,101 2 4,101

West Virginia Total................................ 211 103,727 95 54,251 306 157,978

Northern ............................................... 39 33,653 32 5,135 71 38,788

Southern ............................................... 172 70,075 63 49,116 235 119,191

Wyoming ................................................ 1 1,673 21 335,446 22 337,119

Appalachian Total1 .............................. 686 279,432 706 146,141 1,392 425,573

Interior Total1 ...................................... 38 63,729 90 98,802 128 162,530

Western Total1...................................... 25 48,629 46 463,699 71 512,328

East of Miss. River ............................... 723 342,961 764 186,634 1,487 529,594

West of Miss. River.............................. 26 48,829 78 522,008 104 570,837

U.S. Total............................................... 749 391,790 842 708,642 1,591 1,100,431

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

6 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 4. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production

Alabama ................................................. 9 14,799 38 4,705 47 19,504

Bibb ................................................... − − 1 45 1 45

Cullman ............................................. − − 2 82 2 82

Fayette ............................................... 1 2,325 − − 1 2,325

Jefferson ............................................ 4 6,566 5 416 9 6,981

Marion ............................................... − − 2 45 2 45

Tuscaloosa ........................................ 3 5,821 4 560 7 6,382

Walker ............................................... 1 87 21 3,219 22 3,306

Winston ............................................. − − 3 339 3 339

Alaska ..................................................... − − 1 1,565 1 1,565

Yukon River ..................................... − − 1 1,565 1 1,565

Arizona ................................................... − − 2 11,787 2 11,787

Navajo ............................................... − − 2 11,787 2 11,787

Arkansas ................................................ − − 3 22 3 22

Johnson ............................................. − − 2 18 2 18

Sebastian ........................................... − − 1414

Colorado ................................................ 8 20,478 4 9,511 12 29,989

Delta .................................................. 1 1,718 − − 1 1,718

Fremont ............................................. 1 242 − − 1 242

Gunnison ........................................... 2 8,151 − − 2 8,151

La Plata............................................. 1 246 − − 1 246

Mesa .................................................. 1 285 − − 1 285

Moffat ............................................... − − 2 7,788 2 7,788

Montrose ........................................... − − 1 359 1 359

Rio Blanco ........................................ 1 1,337 − − 1 1,337

Routt .................................................. 1 8,500 1 1,363 2 9,864

Illinois ..................................................... 17 36,758 6 3,659 23 40,417

Christian ............................................ 1 72 − − 1 72

Gallatin .............................................. 2 2,310 2 2,317 4 4,627

Jackson .............................................. − − 2 816 2 816

Jefferson ............................................ 1 3,767 − − 1 3,767

Logan ................................................ 1 2,344 − − 1 2,344

Macoupin .......................................... 2 4,582 − − 2 4,582

McDonough ...................................... − − 1 505 1 505

Montgomery ...................................... 1 1,698 − − 1 1,698

Perry .................................................. 1 2,436 − − 1 2,436

Randolph ........................................... 1 2,516 − − 1 2,516

Saline ................................................ 3 9,257 − − 3 9,257

Vermilion .......................................... 1 770 − − 1 770

Wabash .............................................. 1 1,296 − − 1 1,296

Washington ....................................... 1 3,385 − − 1 3,385

White ................................................. 1 2,327 − − 1 2,327

Williamson ........................................ − − 1 21 1 21

Indiana ................................................... 3 3,553 31 30,451 34 34,004

Clay ................................................... − − 3 70 3 70

Daviess .............................................. − − 4 3,543 4 3,543

Dubois ............................................... − − 1 73 1 73

Gibson ............................................... − − 4 5,888 4 5,888

Greene ............................................... − − 4 5,092 4 5,092

Knox .................................................. 3 3,553 3 1,972 6 5,525

Parke ................................................. − − 1 216 1 216

Pike ................................................... − − 4 4,380 4 4,380

Spencer .............................................. − − 1 204 1 204

Sullivan ............................................. − − 1 1,580 1 1,580

Vigo .................................................. − − 2 3,526 2 3,526

Warrick ............................................. − − 3 3,907 3 3,907

Kansas .................................................... − − 2 409 2 409

Linn ................................................... − − 2 409 2 409

Kentucky ................................................ 260 86,150 198 53,476 458 139,626

Bell .................................................... 11 2,089 12 2,643 23 4,732

Breathitt ............................................ − − 6 2,452 6 2,452

Christian ............................................ − − 1 333 1 333

Clay ................................................... 1 13 2 72 3 86

Daviess .............................................. − − 2 808 2 808

Floyd ................................................. 27 2,660 6 2,257 33 4,918

Harlan ................................................ 25 6,858 13 1,656 38 8,514

Henderson ......................................... − − 2 1,267 2 1,267

Hopkins ............................................. 6 4,735 6 2,722 12 7,457

Jackson .............................................. − − 1414

Johnson ............................................. 6 1,174 1 9 7 1,184

Knott ................................................. 27 6,231 24 4,592 51 10,823

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 7 
Table 4. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production

Kentucky (Continued)

Knox .................................................. 10 488 3 34 13 522

Laurel ................................................ − − 2 50 2 50

Lawrence ........................................... − − 4 136 4 136

Leslie ................................................. 10 6,472 2 1,592 12 8,064

Letcher .............................................. 17 5,209 26 4,000 43 9,209

Martin ................................................ 21 5,302 7 6,205 28 11,507

McLean ............................................. 1 520 1 65 2 584

Morgan .............................................. − − 1 37 1 37

Muhlenberg ....................................... 2 2,409 4 977 6 3,387

Ohio .................................................. − − 3 131 3 131

Owsley .............................................. − − 2 31 2 31

Perry .................................................. 16 6,602 18 6,345 34 12,947

Pike ................................................... 71 19,801 42 14,758 113 34,559

Union ................................................ 3 7,079 − − 3 7,079

Webster ............................................. 5 8,474 1 61 6 8,535

Whitley .............................................. 1 32 6 239 7 270

Louisiana ................................................ − − 2 2,953 2 2,953

De Soto ............................................. − − 1 2,236 1 2,236

Red River.......................................... − − 1 717 1 717

Maryland ............................................... 2 3,280 13 557 15 3,837

Allegany ............................................ − − 9 436 9 436

Garrett ............................................... 2 3,280 4 121 6 3,401

Mississippi .............................................. − − 1 18 1 18

Choctaw ............................................ − − 1 18 1 18

Missouri ................................................. − − 2 392 2 392

Barton ................................................ − − 1 73 1 73

Bates .................................................. − − 1 319 1 319

Montana ................................................. − − 6 41,102 6 41,102

Big Horn ........................................... − − 3 27,338 3 27,338

Richland ............................................ − − 1 275 1 275

Rosebud ............................................ − − 2 13,489 2 13,489

New Mexico ........................................... 1 106 6 29,051 7 29,156

Colfax ................................................ − − 1 1,166 1 1,166

McKinley .......................................... − − 2 12,112 2 12,112

San Juan............................................ 1 106 3 15,772 4 15,878

North Dakota ........................................ − − 4 31,135 4 31,135

McLean ............................................. − − 1 7,192 1 7,192

Mercer ............................................... − − 2 19,317 2 19,317

Oliver ................................................ − − 1 4,626 1 4,626

Ohio ........................................................ 8 11,431 71 11,048 79 22,480

Athens ............................................... − − 1717

Belmont ............................................. 1 4,380 6 1,007 7 5,387

Carroll ............................................... − − 5 160 5 160

Columbiana ....................................... 1 313 4 191 5 504

Coshocton ......................................... − − 3 100 3 100

Gallia ................................................. − − 1 221 1 221

Guernsey ........................................... − − 3 68 3 68

Harrison ............................................ 1 1,236 10 1,580 11 2,816

Holmes .............................................. − − 2 174 2 174

Jackson .............................................. − − 3 1,422 3 1,422

Jefferson ............................................ 2 521 4 196 6 717

Mahoning .......................................... − − 1818

Meigs ................................................ 2 4,491 − − 2 4,491

Monroe .............................................. 1 490 − − 1 490

Morgan .............................................. − − 1 1,090 1 1,090

Muskingum ....................................... − − 1 663 1 663

Noble ................................................. − − 3 717 3 717

Perry .................................................. − − 6 959 6 959

Stark .................................................. − − 5 552 5 552

Tuscarawas ........................................ − − 9 804 9 804

Vinton ............................................... − − 3 1,130 3 1,130

Oklahoma .............................................. 1 200 9 1,461 10 1,661

Craig .................................................. − − 1 194 1 194

Haskell .............................................. − − 1 614 1 614

Latimer .............................................. − − 1 116 1 116

Le Flore ............................................ 1 200 4 310 5 509

Okmulgee .......................................... − − 1515

Rogers ............................................... − − 1 222 1 222

Pennsylvania .......................................... 87 59,211 252 17,188 339 76,399

Allegheny .......................................... 1 1 1 11 2 12

See footnotes at end of table.

8 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 4. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production

Pennsylvania (Continued)

Armstrong ......................................... 13 4,353 13 975 26 5,328

Beaver ............................................... 1 210 − − 1 210

Bedford ............................................. − − 1212

Butler ................................................ − − 5 569 5 569

Cambria ............................................. 1 10 13 1,373 14 1,383

Carbon ............................................... − − 2 46 2 46

Centre ................................................ − − 1616

Clarion .............................................. − − 7 426 7 426

Clearfield .......................................... 2 180 36 3,111 38 3,291

Columbia ........................................... 1 191 4 369 5 560

Dauphin ............................................. 1 1 1 1 2 2

Elk ..................................................... − − 4 450 4 450

Fayette ............................................... − − 12 283 12 283

Greene ............................................... 11 37,986 4 61 15 38,047

Indiana .............................................. 12 4,609 16 470 28 5,079

Jefferson ............................................ 3 258 17 896 20 1,154

Lackawanna ...................................... − − 2 10 2 10

Lawrence ........................................... − − 2 85 2 85

Luzerne ............................................. − − 16 1,090 16 1,090

Lycoming .......................................... − − 1 256 1 256

Northumberland ................................ 6 24 6 854 12 878

Schuylkill .......................................... 24 162 46 1,946 70 2,107

Somerset ............................................ 8 1,943 22 2,895 30 4,837

Sullivan ............................................. − − 2 60 2 60

Venango ............................................ − − 2 93 2 93

Washington ....................................... 3 9,284 5 377 8 9,661

Westmoreland ................................... − − 11 474 11 474

Tennessee ............................................... 13 1,489 11 1,548 24 3,037

Anderson ........................................... 1 49 1 42 2 91

Campbell ........................................... 5 387 4 491 9 878

Claiborne ........................................... 5 876 3 351 8 1,227

Cumberland ....................................... − − 1 256 1 256

Fentress ............................................. − − 1313

Morgan .............................................. 1 8 − − 1 8

Scott .................................................. 1 168 − − 1 168

Sequatchie ......................................... − − 1 407 1 407

Texas ...................................................... − − 14 53,072 14 53,072

Atascosa ............................................ − − 1 3,399 1 3,399

Freestone ........................................... − − 1 4,971 1 4,971

Harrison ............................................ − − 2 3,744 2 3,744

Hopkins ............................................. − − 1 2,126 1 2,126

Leon .................................................. − − 1 9,216 1 9,216

Milam ................................................ − − 1 6,226 1 6,226

Panola ................................................ − − 2 7,768 2 7,768

Robertson .......................................... − − 1 1,615 1 1,615

Rusk .................................................. − − 1 6,237 1 6,237

Titus .................................................. − − 2 7,536 2 7,536

Webb ................................................. − − 1 235 1 235

Utah ........................................................ 15 26,373 − − 15 26,373

Carbon ............................................... 9 8,298 − − 9 8,298

Emery ................................................ 3 11,504 − − 3 11,504

Sevier ................................................ 3 6,571 − − 3 6,571

Virginia .................................................. 113 22,562 48 9,732 161 32,294

Buchanan .......................................... 45 9,062 10 1,594 55 10,656

Dickenson ......................................... 18 2,678 7 1,490 25 4,168

Lee .................................................... 5 781 2 219 7 1,000

Russell ............................................... 3 174 1 220 4 394

Tazewell ............................................ 9 2,070 − − 9 2,070

Wise .................................................. 33 7,798 28 6,208 61 14,005

Washington ............................................ − − 2 4,101 2 4,101

King .................................................. − − 1414

Lewis ................................................. − − 1 4,097 1 4,097

West Virginia ........................................ 211 103,727 95 54,251 306 157,978

Barbour ............................................. 2 970 2 64 4 1,034

Boone ................................................ 27 20,251 5 10,030 32 30,281

Brooke ............................................... 1 1,645 − − 1 1,645

Clay ................................................... − − 6 6,836 6 6,836

Fayette ............................................... 3 1,270 3 749 6 2,019

Grant ................................................. 2 172 1 345 3 516

Greenbrier ......................................... 2 293 1 34 3 328

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 9 
Table 4. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, County, and Mine Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

State and County Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production Number of Mines Production

West Virginia (Continued)

Harrison ............................................ 9 6,842 7 273 16 7,115

Kanawha ........................................... 6 4,855 6 10,130 12 14,985

Lewis ................................................. − − 1111

Lincoln .............................................. 1 357 − − 1 357

Logan ................................................ 16 2,775 6 6,811 22 9,586

Marion ............................................... 1 1,121 2 16 3 1,137

Marshall ............................................ 2 11,399 − − 2 11,399

McDowell ......................................... 49 3,046 9 1,770 58 4,816

Mercer ............................................... − − 1 10 1 10

Mineral .............................................. − − 1 49 1 49

Mingo ................................................ 21 13,063 10 6,435 31 19,498

Monongalia ....................................... 5 5,702 3 744 8 6,446

Nicholas ............................................ 9 1,699 6 2,423 15 4,123

Preston .............................................. 3 1,237 5 118 8 1,355

Raleigh .............................................. 17 10,586 2 48 19 10,634

Tucker ............................................... − − 2 258 2 258

Upshur ............................................... 7 2,135 6 245 13 2,380

Wayne ............................................... 5 4,982 2 1,700 7 6,682

Webster ............................................. 7 2,429 2 3,022 9 5,452

Wyoming .......................................... 16 6,897 6 2,140 22 9,037

Wyoming ................................................ 1 1,673 21 335,446 22 337,119

Campbell ........................................... − − 13 294,791 13 294,791

Carbon ............................................... 1 1,673 2 1,054 3 2,727

Converse ........................................... − − 2 25,642 2 25,642

Lincoln .............................................. − − 1 4,320 1 4,320

Sheridan ............................................ − − 1 76 1 76

Sweetwater ........................................ − − 2 9,563 2 9,563

U.S. Total............................................... 749 391,790 842 708,642 1,591 1,100,431

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Coal production is attributed to the county in which the mine originally opened. Production excludes silt, culm, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

10 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 5. Underground Coal Production by State and Mining Method, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Coal-Producing Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total State and Region

Alabama ............................................... 87 − 14,712 * 14,799

Colorado .............................................. 772 − 19,706 − 20,478

Illinois .................................................. 23,401 − 13,357 − 36,758

Indiana ................................................. 3,553 − − − 3,553

Kentucky Total .................................... 73,463 2,599 9,948 140 86,150

Eastern .............................................. 58,439 2,599 1,754 140 62,932

Western ............................................. 15,024 − 8,194 − 23,218

Maryland .............................................. 448 − 2,832 − 3,280

New Mexico ........................................ 106 − − − 106

Ohio ..................................................... 2,071 − 9,361 − 11,431

Oklahoma............................................. 200 − − − 200

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 12,828 57 46,189 137 59,211

Anthracite .......................................... 213 57 − 107 377

Bituminous ........................................ 12,615 − 46,189 30 58,834

Tennessee............................................. 1,478 − − 11 1,489

Utah ...................................................... 2,217 1,055 23,093 8 26,373

Virginia ................................................ 16,445 30 6,033 55 22,562

West Virginia Total............................. 58,161 69 45,415 83 103,727

Northern ............................................ 9,522 − 24,131 − 33,653

Southern ............................................ 48,639 69 21,284 83 70,075

Wyoming ............................................. − − 1,673 − 1,673

Appalachian Total5 ........................... 149,956 2,755 126,296 425 279,432

Interior Total5 ................................... 42,177 − 21,552 − 63,729

Western Total5 .................................. 3,095 1,055 44,472 8 48,629

East of Miss. River............................ 191,933 2,755 147,848 425 342,961

West of Miss. River........................... 3,294 1,055 44,472 8 48,829

U.S. Total............................................ 195,228 3,810 192,320 433 391,790

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 11 
Table 6. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, Mine Type, and Mine

Production Range, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Number of Mines Production

Mine Production Range

Coal-Producing State, Region (thousand short tons)

and Type of Mining

 1,000 500 200 100 10 Less 1,000 500 200 100 10 Less

 and to to to to than and to to to to than

 over 1,000 500 200 100 10 over 1,000 500 200 100 10

Alabama .................................................................... 7 − 7 5 25 3 15,559 − 1,994 729 1,204 18

Underground ........................................................ 6 − 1 − 1 1 14,375 − 337 − 87 *

Surface ................................................................. 1 − 6 5 24 2 1,184 − 1,656 729 1,117 18

Alaska........................................................................ 1 −−−−− 1,565 − − − − −

Surface ................................................................. 1 −−−−− 1,565 − − − − −

Arizona...................................................................... 2 −−−−− 11,787 − − − − −

Surface ................................................................. 2 −−−−− 11,787 − − − − −

Arkansas ................................................................... −−−− 1 2 − − − − 15 8

Surface ................................................................. −−−− 1 2 − − − − 15 8

Colorado.................................................................... 8 − 4 −−− 28,858 − 1,132 − − −

Underground ........................................................ 5 − 3 −−− 19,706 − 772 − − −

Surface ................................................................. 3 − 1 −−− 9,152 − 359 − − −

Illinois ........................................................................ 15 4 − 2 2 − 37,410 2,611 − 303 93 −

Underground ........................................................ 13 2 − 1 1 − 35,093 1,450 − 143 72 −

Surface ................................................................. 2 2 − 1 1 − 2,317 1,161 − 160 21 −

Indiana ...................................................................... 13 11 3 − 7 − 25,071 7,729 856 − 348 −

Underground ........................................................ 2 − 1 −−− 3,117 − 436 − − −

Surface ................................................................. 11 11 2 − 7 − 21,954 7,729 420 − 348 −

Kansas....................................................................... − − 1 1 − − − − 209 200 − −

Surface ................................................................. − − 1 1 − − − − 209 200 − −

Kentucky Total ........................................................ 35 49 92 84 155 43 57,212 34,144 28,964 12,309 6,764 233

Underground ........................................................ 20 31 50 64 81 14 36,536 20,737 15,645 9,404 3,752 75

Surface ................................................................. 15 18 42 20 74 29 20,676 13,406 13,319 2,905 3,012 158

Eastern ................................................................... 26 43 83 82 145 42 35,454 30,265 25,898 12,016 6,184 226

Underground ........................................................ 13 27 47 62 80 14 17,091 18,370 14,591 9,111 3,695 75

Surface ................................................................. 13 16 36 20 65 28 18,363 11,895 11,307 2,905 2,489 151

Western .................................................................. 9 6 9 2 10 1 21,759 3,879 3,065 293 580 7

Underground ........................................................ 7 4 3 2 1 − 19,446 2,368 1,054 293 57 −

Surface ................................................................. 2 2 6 − 9 1 2,313 1,511 2,011 − 522 7

Louisiana................................................................... 1 1 −−−− 2,236 717 − − − −

Surface ................................................................. 1 1 −−−− 2,236 717 − − − −

Maryland .................................................................. 1 − 1 2 7 4 2,832 − 448 293 235 29

Underground ........................................................ 1 − 1 −−− 2,832 − 448 − − −

Surface ................................................................. −−− 2 7 4 − − − 293 235 29

Mississippi................................................................. −−−− 1 − − − − − 18 −

Surface ................................................................. −−−− 1 − − − − − 18 −

Missouri .................................................................... − − 1 − 1 − − − 319 − 73 −

Surface ................................................................. − − 1 − 1 − − − 319 − 73 −

Montana .................................................................... 5 − 1 −−− 40,827 − 275 − − −

Surface ................................................................. 5 − 1 −−− 40,827 − 275 − − −

New Mexico .............................................................. 6 − − 1 − − 29,051 − − 106 − −

Underground ........................................................ −−− 1 − − − − − 106 − −

Surface ................................................................. 6 −−−−− 29,051 − − − − −

North Dakota............................................................ 4 −−−−− 31,135 − − − − −

Surface ................................................................. 4 −−−−− 31,135 − − − − −

Ohio ........................................................................... 5 7 14 10 23 20 11,198 4,901 3,959 1,472 853 98

Underground ........................................................ 4 − 4 −−− 10,107 − 1,324 − − −

Surface ................................................................. 1 7 10 10 23 20 1,090 4,901 2,635 1,472 853 98

Oklahoma .................................................................. − 115 − 3 − 614 222 809 − 16

Underground ........................................................ −−− 1 − − − − − 200 − −

Surface ................................................................. − 114 − 3 − 614 222 609 − 16

Pennsylvania Total .................................................. 10 10 34 32 144 109 49,029 6,283 10,356 4,878 5,461 392

Underground ........................................................ 9 8 12 15 13 30 47,559 5,101 3,771 2,249 420 111

Surface ................................................................. 1 2 22 17 131 79 1,470 1,183 6,585 2,629 5,041 281

Anthracite .............................................................. − 1 6 5 45 54 − 644 1,725 764 1,446 174

Underground ........................................................ −−− 1 6 25 − − − 191 105 81

Surface ................................................................. − 1 6 4 39 29 − 644 1,725 573 1,341 93

Bituminous............................................................. 10 9 28 27 99 55 49,029 5,640 8,631 4,114 4,015 218

Underground ........................................................ 9 8 12 14 7 5 47,559 5,101 3,771 2,058 316 30

Surface ................................................................. 1 1 16 13 92 50 1,470 539 4,860 2,056 3,699 188

Tennessee .................................................................. − − 7 4 9 4 − − 1,949 686 384 18

Underground ........................................................ − − 3 2 6 2 − − 830 355 294 11

Surface ................................................................. − − 4 2 3 2 − − 1,119 331 90 7

See footnotes at end of table.

12 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 6. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State, Mine Type, and Mine

Production Range, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Number of Mines Production

Mine Production Range

Coal-Producing State, Region (thousand short tons)

and Type of Mining

 1,000 500 200 100 10 Less 1,000 500 200 100 10 Less

 and to to to to than and to to to to than

 over 1,000 500 200 100 10 over 1,000 500 200 100 10

Texas.......................................................................... 12 − 2 −−− 52,591 − 482 − − −

Surface ................................................................. 12 − 2 −−− 52,591 − 482 − − −

Utah ........................................................................... 732 − 2 1 23,609 1,895 759 − 102 8

Underground ........................................................ 7 3 2 − 2 1 23,609 1,895 759 − 102 8

Virginia ..................................................................... 2 13 36 22 69 19 6,033 8,535 11,162 3,242 3,245 78

Underground ........................................................ 2 8 19 18 55 11 6,033 5,182 5,876 2,687 2,730 55

Surface ................................................................. − 5 17 4 14 8 − 3,353 5,286 555 515 23

Washington............................................................... 1 −−−− 1 4,097 − − − − 4

Surface ................................................................. 1 −−−− 1 4,097 − − − − 4

West Virginia Total................................................. 41 35 59 48 92 31 103,014 24,463 19,166 7,033 4,157 146

Underground ........................................................ 24 24 48 41 60 14 62,554 17,076 15,257 5,992 2,765 83

Surface ................................................................. 17 11 11 7 32 17 40,460 7,387 3,908 1,040 1,393 63

Northern................................................................. 9 6 7 12 30 7 29,371 4,006 2,165 1,762 1,450 33

Underground ........................................................ 8 5 6 9 11 − 26,443 3,414 1,821 1,334 642 −

Surface ................................................................. 1 1 1 3 19 7 2,928 592 345 428 808 33

Southern................................................................. 32 29 52 36 62 24 73,643 20,457 17,000 5,271 2,707 113

Underground ........................................................ 16 19 42 32 49 14 36,111 13,662 13,437 4,659 2,122 83

Surface ................................................................. 16 10 10 4 13 10 37,532 6,795 3,564 612 585 30

Wyoming ................................................................... 18 2 1 − 1 − 335,181 1,406 456 − 76 −

Underground ........................................................ 1 −−−−− 1,673 − − − − −

Surface ................................................................. 17 2 1 − 1 − 333,508 1,406 456 − 76 −

Appalachian Total1 ................................................. 92 108 241 205 514 232 223,119 74,448 74,930 30,348 21,723 1,005

Underground ........................................................ 59 67 135 138 215 72 160,551 45,728 42,433 20,394 9,990 335

Surface ................................................................. 33 41 106 67 299 160 62,568 28,719 32,496 9,954 11,733 670

Interior Total1.......................................................... 50 23 17 10 22 6 139,066 15,549 5,153 1,605 1,127 31

Underground ........................................................ 22 6 4 4 2 − 57,655 3,818 1,491 636 129 −

Surface ................................................................. 28 17 13 6 20 6 81,410 11,732 3,663 969 997 31

Western Total1......................................................... 52 5 8 1 3 2 506,110 3,300 2,622 106 178 12

Underground ........................................................ 13 3 5 1 2 1 44,987 1,895 1,532 106 102 8

Surface ................................................................. 39 2 3 − 1 1 461,123 1,406 1,090 − 76 4

East of Miss. River .................................................. 129 129 253 209 534 233 307,358 88,666 78,852 30,944 22,762 1,012

Underground ........................................................ 81 73 139 141 217 72 218,206 49,546 43,924 20,830 10,120 335

Surface ................................................................. 48 56 114 68 317 161 89,152 39,120 34,928 10,114 12,643 677

West of Miss. River ................................................. 65 7 13 7 5 7 560,937 4,631 3,853 1,114 266 36

Underground ........................................................ 13 3 5 2 2 1 44,987 1,895 1,532 305 102 8

Surface ................................................................. 52 4 8 5 3 6 515,949 2,736 2,322 809 164 28

U.S. Total.................................................................. 194 136 266 216 539 240 868,295 93,297 82,705 32,058 23,028 1,048

Underground ........................................................... 94 76 144 143 219 73 263,194 51,441 45,456 21,135 10,222 343

Surface .................................................................... 100 60 122 73 320 167 605,101 41,857 37,249 10,923 12,807 705

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 13 
Table 7. U.S. Coal Production by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Coalbed Thickness Underground Surface Total (inches)

 < 7 .................................................... − 48 48

7-12 .................................................... − 2,183 2,183

13-18 .................................................. − 6,225 6,225

19-24 .................................................. 236 13,935 14,172

25-30 .................................................. 3,560 22,805 26,365

31-36 .................................................. 28,372 26,007 54,379

37-42 .................................................. 29,568 18,803 48,371

43-48 .................................................. 29,725 24,239 53,963

49-54 .................................................. 33,694 26,256 59,950

55-60 .................................................. 41,978 24,741 66,719

61-66 .................................................. 38,844 8,192 47,036

67-72 .................................................. 47,735 17,361 65,095

73-78 .................................................. 29,904 4,757 34,661

79-84 .................................................. 34,189 16,765 50,954

85-90 .................................................. 9,477 8,805 18,282

91-96 .................................................. 19,247 9,803 29,050

97-102 ................................................ 4,813 2,969 7,783

103-108 .............................................. 2,599 11,837 14,436

109-114 .............................................. 8,945 11,239 20,184

115-120 .............................................. 3,400 2,189 5,589

> 120 .............................................. 25,162 448,776 473,938

Unknown1 ......................................... 343 705 1,048

U.S. Total .......................................... 391,790 708,642 1,100,431

1 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

14 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 8. U.S. Coal Production and Coalbed Thickness by Major Coalbeds and

Mine Type, 1999

Production Thickness

Coalbed ID Number 1 (thousand short tons) (inches)

Coalbed Name 2

 Underground Surface Total Average3 Low High

1699 Wyodak ................................................................ − 291,764 291,764 773 90 1,044

0036 Pittsburgh ............................................................. 78,172 2,200 80,372 73 30 132

0489 No. 9 .................................................................... 29,917 10,410 40,327 63 40 81

0111 Hazard No. 5-A ................................................... 13,104 19,486 32,590 77 12 122

1569 Beulah-Zap........................................................... − 28,869 28,869 156 144 180

0484 No. 6 .................................................................... 23,568 2,226 25,794 78 40 240

0135 Hazard No. 4........................................................ 18,429 5,326 23,755 52 26 135

0084 Lower Kittanning................................................. 6,921 13,472 20,393 55 15 112

0103 Stockton-Lewiston ............................................... 3,945 14,857 18,802 78 18 120

0151 Elkhorn No. 1 ...................................................... 12,128 4,451 16,579 48 17 119

1808 Rosebud................................................................ − 16,549 16,549 267 216 288

0168 Lower Elkhorn..................................................... 13,971 1,927 15,898 53 12 144

0344 Pocahontas No. 3................................................. 11,385 11 11,396 65 37 83

0071 Upper Freeport..................................................... 8,007 2,946 10,953 56 6 96

0176 Eagle..................................................................... 10,090 702 10,792 58 20 67

Major Coalbeds Total ................................................... 229,636 415,197 644,833 395 6 1,044

Other Coalbeds............................................................... 161,811 292,740 454,550 143 2 1,440

Unknown4 ....................................................................... 343 705 1,048 NA NA NA

U.S. Total ........................................................................ 391,790 708,642 1,100,431 291 2 1,440

1 The coalbed ID number is a unique code assigned by EIA to each correlated coalbed or to coal-bearing geologic formations, coal groups, or coal

zones. 2 The coalbed name given is the name most commonly used in the State having the greatest production from that coalbed. The States having the

greatest production for each coalbed are: Eastern Kentucky (coalbeds 0111, 0135, 0151, 0168, 0176); West Virginia (0036, 0084, 0103, 0344); Pennsylvania (0071);Western Kentucky (0489); Illinois (0484); North Dakota (1569); Montana (1808); Wyoming (1699). In some other States where these are major producing beds, the following alternate coalbed names are also used: 0084, No. 5 Block (Eastern Kentucky); 0111, Coalburg (West Virginia); 0135,

Chilton (West Virginia); 0151, Jellico (Tennesee), Taggert (Virginia), Cedar Grove (West Virginia); 0168, No. 2 Gas (West Virginia); 0176, Middle Eagle

(West Virginia); 0484, No. 11 (Western Kentucky); 0489, No. 5 (Illinois and Indiana).

3 Average thickness is the bed thickness weighted by bed production.

4 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. NA Not available.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. A major coalbed is

defined here as a coalbed from which 10 million or more short tons were produced during the year. The category ‘‘Other Coalbeds’’ includes all coalbeds from which less than 10 million short tons were produced during the year. In some regions, coalbeds are characteristically discontinuous or uncorrelatable from one location to another, and production is identified by the geological formations, coal groups, or coal zones of the native rock where the

coalbeds occur. These types of coalbeds are found primarily in the Rocky Mountain States and even in the Gulf Coast lignite belt. Coalbeds of these

types are also included in ‘‘Other Coalbeds,’’ even though production may exceed 10 million short tons. Totals may not equal sum of components due to

independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 15 
Table 9. Coal Production and Number of Mines by State and Coal Rank, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total

 Coal-Producing Number Number Number Number Number State and Region of Production of Production of Production of Production of Production

Mines Mines Mines Mines Mines

Alabama ............................................... 47 19,504 − −− −− − 47 19,504

Alaska .................................................. − − 1 1,565 − −− − 1 1,565

Arizona ................................................ 2 11,787 − −− −− − 2 11,787

Arkansas .............................................. 2 8 − −− − 1 15 3 22

Colorado .............................................. 10 22,201 2 7,788 − −− − 12 29,989

Illinois .................................................. 23 40,417 − −− −− − 23 40,417

Indiana ................................................. 34 34,004 − −− −− − 34 34,004

Kansas .................................................. 2 409 − −− −− − 2 409

Kentucky Total .................................... 458 139,626 − −− −− − 458 139,626

Eastern .............................................. 421 110,043 − −− −− − 421 110,043

Western ............................................. 37 29,583 − −− −− − 37 29,583

Louisiana .............................................. − −− − 2 2,953 − − 2 2,953

Maryland .............................................. 15 3,837 − −− −− − 15 3,837

Mississippi ........................................... − −− − 1 18 − − 1 18

Missouri ............................................... 2 392 − −− −− − 2 392

Montana ............................................... − − 5 40,827 1 275 − − 6 41,102

New Mexico ........................................ 5 11,117 3 18,039 − −− − 7 29,156

North Dakota ....................................... − −− − 4 31,135 − − 4 31,135

Ohio ..................................................... 79 22,480 − −− −− − 79 22,480

Oklahoma ............................................. 10 1,661 − −− −− − 10 1,661

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 228 71,646 − −− − 111 4,753 339 76,399

Anthracite .......................................... − −− −− − 111 4,753 111 4,753

Bituminous ........................................ 228 71,646 − −− −− − 228 71,646

Tennessee ............................................. 24 3,037 − −− −− − 24 3,037

Texas .................................................... 1 235 − − 13 52,837 − − 14 53,072

Utah ...................................................... 15 26,373 − −− −− − 15 26,373

Virginia ................................................ 161 32,294 − −− −− − 161 32,294

Washington .......................................... − − 2 4,101 − −− − 2 4,101

West Virginia Total............................. 306 157,978 − −− −− − 306 157,978

Northern ............................................ 71 38,788 − −− −− − 71 38,788

Southern ............................................ 235 119,191 − −− −− − 235 119,191

Wyoming ............................................. 3 2,727 19 334,393 − −− − 22 337,119

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 1,281 420,819 − −− − 111 4,753 1,392 425,573

Interior Total1 ................................... 111 106,708 − − 16 55,808 1 15 128 162,530

Western Total1 .................................. 35 74,205 32 406,714 5 31,410 − − 71 512,328

East of Miss. River............................ 1,375 524,823 − − 1 18 111 4,753 1,487 529,594

West of Miss. River........................... 52 76,909 32 406,714 20 87,199 1 15 104 570,837

U.S. Total............................................ 1,427 601,732 32 406,714 21 87,218 112 4,768 1,591 1,100,431

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

16 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 10. Coal Production by State, Coal Rank, and Group, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Bituminous Coal-Producing Bituminous Bituminous Bituminous Subbitumi- Medium Lignite Anthracite Total State and Region Low Volatile High Volatile Total nous Volatile

Alabama ..................................................... NA NA NA 19,504 −−− 19,504

Alaska ......................................................... NA NA NA − 1,565 − − 1,565

Arizona ....................................................... NA NA NA 11,787 −−− 11,787

Arkansas ..................................................... NA NA NA 8 − − 15 22

Colorado ..................................................... NA NA NA 22,201 7,788 − − 29,989

Illinois ........................................................ NA NA NA 40,417 −−− 40,417

Indiana ........................................................ NA NA NA 34,004 −−− 34,004

Kansas ........................................................ NA NA NA 409 −−− 409

Kentucky Total .......................................... NA NA NA 139,626 −−− 139,626

Eastern ..................................................... NA NA NA 110,043 −−− 110,043

Western ................................................... NA NA NA 29,583 −−− 29,583

Louisiana .................................................... NA NA NA − − 2,953 − 2,953

Maryland .................................................... NA NA NA 3,837 −−− 3,837

Mississippi ................................................. NA NA NA − − 18 − 18

Missouri ..................................................... NA NA NA 392 −−− 392

Montana ..................................................... NA NA NA − 40,827 275 − 41,102

New Mexico............................................... NA NA NA 11,117 18,039 − − 29,156

North Dakota ............................................. NA NA NA − − 31,135 − 31,135

Ohio ............................................................ NA NA NA 22,480 −−− 22,480

Oklahoma ................................................... NA NA NA 1,661 −−− 1,661

Pennsylvania Total..................................... NA NA NA 71,646 − − 4,753 76,399

Anthracite ................................................ NA NA NA −−− 4,753 4,753

Bituminous .............................................. NA NA NA 71,646 −−− 71,646

Tennessee ................................................... NA NA NA 3,037 −−− 3,037

Texas .......................................................... NA NA NA 235 − 52,837 − 53,072

Utah ............................................................ NA NA NA 26,373 −−− 26,373

Virginia ...................................................... NA NA NA 32,294 −−− 32,294

Washington ................................................ NA NA NA − 4,101 − − 4,101

West Virginia Total ................................... NA NA NA 157,978 −−− 157,978

Northern .................................................. NA NA NA 38,788 −−− 38,788

Southern .................................................. NA NA NA 119,191 −−− 119,191

Wyoming .................................................... NA NA NA 2,727 334,393 − − 337,119

Appalachian Total1 ................................. NA NA NA 420,819 − − 4,753 425,573

Interior Total1.......................................... NA NA NA 106,708 − 55,808 15 162,530

Western Total1......................................... NA NA NA 74,205 406,714 31,410 − 512,328

East of Miss. River .................................. NA NA NA 524,823 − 18 4,753 529,594

West of Miss. River ................................. NA NA NA 76,909 406,714 87,199 15 570,837

U.S. Total .................................................. NA NA NA 601,732 406,714 87,218 4,768 1,100,431

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. NA Not available.

Notes: Refer to the Classification of Coals by Rank table in Appendix C for coal group definitions. Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 17 
Table 11. Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

Alabama .............................................. 15,957 − 15,957 3,530 19,486

Underground .................................. 14,712 − 14,712 87 14,799

Surface ........................................... 1,244 − 1,244 3,443 4,687

Alaska.................................................. − − − 1,565 1,565

Surface ........................................... − − − 1,565 1,565

Arizona ................................................ 11,787 − 11,787 − 11,787

Surface ........................................... 11,787 − 11,787 − 11,787

Arkansas............................................. − − − 15 15

Surface ........................................... − − − 15 15

Colorado ............................................. 11,560 2,219 13,779 16,211 29,989

Underground .................................. 9,837 − 9,837 10,641 20,478

Surface ........................................... 1,723 2,219 3,942 5,569 9,511

Illinois .................................................. 21,079 3,288 24,367 16,050 40,417

Underground .................................. 20,574 2,042 22,616 14,142 36,758

Surface ........................................... 505 1,245 1,750 1,908 3,659

Indiana ................................................ 10,994 − 10,994 23,010 34,004

Underground .................................. − − − 3,553 3,553

Surface ........................................... 10,994 − 10,994 19,457 30,451

Kansas................................................. − − − 409 409

Surface ........................................... − − − 409 409

Kentucky Total .................................. 13,415 − 13,415 125,977 139,393

Underground .................................. 12,920 − 12,920 73,155 86,075

Surface ........................................... 495 − 495 52,823 53,318

Eastern ............................................. 662 − 662 109,156 109,817

Underground .................................. 662 − 662 62,195 62,857

Surface ........................................... − − − 46,960 46,960

Western ............................................ 12,754 − 12,754 16,822 29,575

Underground .................................. 12,258 − 12,258 10,960 23,218

Surface ........................................... 495 − 495 5,862 6,357

Louisiana ............................................ − − − 2,953 2,953

Surface ........................................... − − − 2,953 2,953

Maryland ............................................ − − − 3,808 3,808

Underground .................................. − − − 3,280 3,280

Surface ........................................... − − − 528 528

Mississippi .......................................... − − − 18 18

Surface ........................................... − − − 18 18

Missouri .............................................. − − − 392 392

Surface ........................................... − − − 392 392

Montana.............................................. 13,745 16,361 30,106 10,996 41,102

Surface ........................................... 13,745 16,361 30,106 10,996 41,102

New Mexico ........................................ 8,348 15,772 24,120 5,036 29,156

Underground .................................. − − − 106 106

Surface ........................................... 8,348 15,772 24,120 4,931 29,051

North Dakota ..................................... 2,926 4,626 7,552 23,583 31,135

Surface ........................................... 2,926 4,626 7,552 23,583 31,135

Ohio ..................................................... 11,332 − 11,332 11,050 22,382

Underground .................................. 9,361 − 9,361 2,071 11,431

Surface ........................................... 1,971 − 1,971 8,979 10,950

Oklahoma ........................................... − − − 1,645 1,645

Underground .................................. − − − 200 200

Surface ........................................... − − − 1,445 1,445

Pennsylvania Total ............................ 32,674 30 32,704 43,303 76,007

Underground .................................. 31,475 − 31,475 27,625 59,100

Surface ........................................... 1,200 30 1,229 15,678 16,907

Anthracite ........................................ 515 30 544 4,034 4,579

Underground .................................. − − − 296 296

Surface ........................................... 515 30 544 3,739 4,283

Bituminous ....................................... 32,159 − 32,159 39,268 71,428

Underground .................................. 31,475 − 31,475 27,329 58,804

Surface ........................................... 685 − 685 11,939 12,624

Tennessee ............................................ − − − 3,019 3,019

Underground .................................. − − − 1,478 1,478

Surface ........................................... − − − 1,541 1,541

Texas ................................................... 25,295 9,816 35,111 17,962 53,072

Surface ........................................... 25,295 9,816 35,111 17,962 53,072

Utah ..................................................... 7,717 808 8,525 17,840 26,364

Underground .................................. 7,717 808 8,525 17,840 26,364

Virginia ............................................... 4,254 1,479 5,733 26,483 32,216

Underground .................................. 4,254 839 5,093 17,415 22,508

Surface ........................................... − 640 640 9,068 9,708

Washington......................................... − 4,097 4,097 − 4,097

Surface ........................................... − 4,097 4,097 − 4,097

See footnotes at end of table.

18 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 11. Coal Production by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

West Virginia Total........................... 65,965 − 65,965 91,868 157,833

Underground .................................. 47,741 − 47,741 55,903 103,644

Surface ........................................... 18,224 − 18,224 35,965 54,188

Northern .......................................... 24,464 − 24,464 14,291 38,755

Underground .................................. 24,464 − 24,464 9,189 33,653

Surface ........................................... − − − 5,102 5,102

Southern ........................................... 41,501 − 41,501 77,577 119,078

Underground .................................. 23,277 − 23,277 46,715 69,992

Surface ........................................... 18,224 − 18,224 30,863 49,086

Wyoming ............................................. 4,397 9,258 13,654 323,465 337,119

Underground .................................. − − − 1,673 1,673

Surface ........................................... 4,397 9,258 13,654 321,792 335,446

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 130,844 1,509 132,352 292,215 424,568

Underground .................................. 108,205 839 109,044 170,053 279,097

Surface ........................................... 22,639 670 23,309 122,162 145,471

Interior Total1 ................................... 70,121 13,103 83,225 79,275 162,500

Underground .................................. 32,832 2,042 34,875 28,854 63,729

Surface ........................................... 37,289 11,061 48,350 50,421 98,771

Western Total1 .................................. 60,479 53,141 113,620 398,696 512,316

Underground .................................. 17,553 808 18,361 30,260 48,621

Surface ........................................... 42,926 52,333 95,259 368,436 463,695

East of Miss. River............................ 175,670 4,796 180,466 348,116 528,582

Underground .................................. 141,037 2,881 143,918 198,708 342,626

Surface ........................................... 34,633 1,915 36,548 149,408 185,956

West of Miss. River........................... 85,774 62,957 148,731 422,070 570,801

Underground .................................. 17,553 808 18,361 30,459 48,821

Surface ........................................... 68,221 62,149 130,370 391,611 521,981

Unknown2........................................... NA NA NA NA 1,048

Underground .................................. NA NA NA NA 343

Surface ........................................... NA NA NA NA 705

U.S. Total............................................ 261,444 67,753 329,197 770,186 1,100,431

Underground ..................................... 158,591 3,689 162,280 229,167 391,790

Surface .............................................. 102,853 64,064 166,918 541,019 708,642

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

2 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. NA Not available.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding. See Glossary for listing of other unions.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 19 
Table 12. Coal Disposition by State, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Coal-Producing Open Market1 Captive2 Total State and Region

Alabama ................................................................ 18,770 488 19,258

Alaska .................................................................... 1,573 − 1,573

Arizona .................................................................. 12,623 − 12,623

Arkansas ................................................................ 15 − 15

Colorado ................................................................ 28,813 1,333 30,146

Illinois ................................................................... 37,845 2,436 40,280

Indiana ................................................................... 33,969 − 33,969

Kansas ................................................................... 400 − 400

Kentucky Total ..................................................... 137,807 1,310 139,117

Eastern ................................................................ 108,234 1,310 109,544

Western .............................................................. 29,573 − 29,573

Louisiana ............................................................... 2,952 − 2,952

Maryland ............................................................... 3,503 460 3,963

Mississippi ............................................................ 15 − 15

Missouri ................................................................ 391 − 391

Montana ................................................................ 37,301 3,930 41,231

New Mexico.......................................................... 28,011 − 28,011

North Dakota ........................................................ 29,865 1,113 30,977

Ohio ....................................................................... 16,285 6,828 23,113

Oklahoma .............................................................. 1,648 − 1,648

Pennsylvania Total................................................ 73,701 3,250 76,951

Anthracite ........................................................... 3,390 1,266 4,656

Bituminous ......................................................... 70,311 1,984 72,295

Tennessee .............................................................. 3,013 − 3,013

Texas ..................................................................... 10,819 42,229 53,048

Utah ....................................................................... 19,124 7,663 26,787

Virginia ................................................................. 30,271 1,402 31,673

Washington ........................................................... − 4,074 4,074

West Virginia Total .............................................. 149,653 8,784 158,437

Northern ............................................................. 36,072 2,220 38,291

Southern ............................................................. 113,581 6,564 120,146

Wyoming ............................................................... 319,786 16,860 336,646

Appalachian Total3 ............................................ 403,431 22,523 425,954

Interior Total3..................................................... 117,626 44,665 162,291

Western Total3.................................................... 477,096 34,973 512,069

East of Miss. River ............................................. 504,832 24,959 529,791

West of Miss. River ............................................ 493,320 77,202 570,522

Total4 .................................................................... 998,153 102,160 1,100,313

Unknown5 ............................................................ NA NA 1,048

U.S. Total ............................................................. NA NA 1,101,361

1 Open Market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers.

2 Captive includes all coal used by the producing company or sold to affiliated or parent companies.

3 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

4 Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 Includes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. NA Not available.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

20 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 13. Coal Mining Acreage, Production and Royalties from Federal

and Indian Leases by State, 1999

 Federal Leases Indian Leases

 Coal-Producing

State and Region Acres Production Royalties Acres Production Royalties

Leased (thousand short tons) (thousand dollars) Leased (thousand short tons) (thousand dollars)

Alabama ................................. 1,609 684 2,343 −− −

Arizona .................................. −− − 64,858 14,012 38,552

Colorado ................................ 48,941 23,059 36,788 −− −

Kentucky ................................ 2,250 20 39 −− −

Montana ................................. 26,461 18,948 25,865 14,746 3,783 1,890

New Mexico .......................... 13,837 7,043 17,349 36,163 9,281 20,190

North Dakota......................... 3,512 2,223 1,041 −− −

Oklahoma .............................. 13,084 575 441 −− −

Utah ....................................... 38,247 22,905 31,520 −− −

Washington ............................ 521 1,351 2,923 −− −

Wyoming ............................... 118,889 310,580 193,451 −− −

Appalachian Total1............. 1,609 684 2,343 −− −

Interior Total1 ..................... 15,334 595 480 −− −

Western Total1 .................... 250,408 386,109 308,938 115,767 27,077 60,632

East of Miss. River.............. 3,859 704 2,382 −− −

West of Miss. River............. 263,492 386,684 309,379 115,767 27,077 60,632

U.S. Total.............................. 267,351 387,388 311,761 115,767 27,077 60,632

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Notes: U.S. Total for this table represents Federal and Indian Leases only. Output from Federal and Indian Lands is reported as sales volume, the

basis for royalties. It is approximately equivalent to production, which includes coal sold and coal added to stockpiles. Totals may not equal sum of

components due to independent rounding.

 Source: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service (MMS), Mineral Revenues, 1999, Report on Receipts from Federal and Indian Leases.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 21 
Table 14. Major U.S. Coal Mines, 1999

Production Rank Mine Name/Company Mine Type State (short tons)

1 Rochelle Mine Complex/Powder River Coal Surface Wyoming 68,865,690

2 Black Thunder/Thunder Basin Coal Surface Wyoming 48,670,522

3 Cordero/Cordero Mining Surface Wyoming 46,186,691

4 Jacobs Ranch/Jacobs Ranch Coal Surface Wyoming 29,069,128

5 Caballo/Caballo Coal Surface Wyoming 26,468,762

6 Antelope/Antelope Coal Surface Wyoming 22,685,237

7 Belle Ayr/RAG Coal West Surface Wyoming 17,893,709

8 Eagle Butte/RAG Coal West Surface Wyoming 17,416,240

9 Freedom-Coteau/Coteau Properties Surface North Dakota 16,391,229

10 Buckskin/Triton Coal Surface Wyoming 15,587,569

11 Coal Creek/Thunder Basin Coal Surface Wyoming 11,249,947

12 Spring Creek/Spring Creek Coal Co Surface Montana 10,995,516

13 Decker/Decker Coal Surface Montana 10,878,069

14 Rosebud No 6/Western Energy Co. Surface Montana 10,621,638

15 Enlow Fork/Consol PA Coal Co. Underground Pennsylvania 9,835,217

16 Navajo/BHP Minerals Surface New Mexico 9,374,060

17 Jewett/Northwestern Resources Surface Texas 9,215,933

18 Bailey No 1/Consol PA Coal Co. Underground Pennsylvania 8,518,670

19 Foidel Creek/Twenty Mile Coal Underground Colorado 8,500,157

20 North Rochelle/Triton Coal Co Surface Wyoming 8,170,482

21 Keyenta/Peabody Western Coal Surface Arizona 7,251,024

22 Falkirik/Falkirk Mining Surface North Dakota 7,191,836

23 McKinley/Pittsburg & Midway Coal Surface New Mexico 7,181,357

24 West Elk/Mountain Coal Co Underground Colorado 7,078,112

25 McElroy/CONSOL Underground West Virginia 6,995,483

26 Beckville/Texas Utilities Mining Surface Texas 6,579,019

27 Cumberland/RAG Cumberland Resources Underground Pennsylvania 6,550,743

28 Galatia/American Coal Company Underground Illinois 6,534,432

29 Mountaineer/Mingo Logan Coal Underground West Virginia 6,507,182

30 Jim Bridger/Bridger Coal Surface Wyoming 6,300,944

31 Oak Hill/Texas Utilities Mining Surface Texas 6,237,170

32 Sandow-Rockdale/ALCOA Surface Texas 6,225,677

33 Samples/Catenary Coal Surface West Virginia 5,910,188

34 Mine No 84/Eighty Four Mining Underground Pennsylvania 5,798,707

35 SUFCO/Canyon Fuel Underground Utah 5,762,878

36 Colowyo/Colowyo Coal Surface Colorado 5,569,385

37 Absaloka/Westmoreland Resources Surface Montana 5,464,776

38 Robinson Run/CONSOL Underground West Virginia 5,316,994

39 Upper Big Branch/Performance Coal Underground West Virginia 5,078,259

40 Big Brown/Texas Utilities Mining Surface Texas 4,970,592

41 Lee Ranch/Lee Ranch Coal Surface New Mexico 4,930,665

42 Buchanan/CONSOL Underground Virginia 4,680,235

43 Blacksville No 2/CONSOL Underground Pennsylvania 4,649,474

44 Federal No 2/Eastern Associated Mining Underground West Virginia 4,648,008

45 Center/BNI Coal Surface North Dakota 4,625,778

46 Black Mesa/Peabody Western Surface Arizona 4,536,056

47 No 13 Baker/Lodestar Energy Underground Kentucky 4,483,260

48 Shoemaker/CONSOL Underground West Virginia 4,403,915

49 Powhatan No 6/Ohio Valley Coal Underground Ohio 4,380,317

50 La Plata/San Juan Coal Surface New Mexico 4,349,952

51 Emerald No 1/Cyprus Emerald Resources Underground Pennsylvania 4,341,498

52 Kemmerer/Pittsburg & Midway Coal Surface Wyoming 4,320,195

53 No 2/Fola Coal Surface West Virginia 4,286,106

54 Centralia/Centralia Mining Surface Washington 4,097,453

55 Shoal Creek/Drummond Co Underground Alabama 4,080,582

* Subtotal 597,912,718

* All Other Mines 502,518,710

* U.S. Total 1,100,431,428

Notes: Major mines are mines that produced more than 4 million short tons in 1999. The company is the firm operating the mine.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Production Report.’’

22 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 15. Major U.S. Coal Producers, 1999

 Production Rank Company Name Percent of Total Production (thousand short tons)

1 Peabody Energy Corp. 165,479 15.0

2 Kennecott Energy Co. 114,506 10.4

3 Arch Coal Co 108,752 9.9

4 Consol Energy Inc. 69,889 6.4

5 RAG Coal Interantional 59,265 5.4

6 North American Coal Co 31,195 2.8

7 TXU Utilities Co 28,638 2.6

8 Massey Energy 26,938 2.4

9 Vulcan Holding 23,758 2.2

10 AEI Resources Inc 21,675 2.0

11 Pacificorp 21,072 1.9

12 Entech Inc 19,838 1.8

13 Broken Hill Proprietary Co 15,878 1.4

14 Chevron Corp 15,228 1.4

15 Alliance Coal 14,625 1.3

16 James River Coal Co 12,578 1.1

17 RENCOAL Inc 10,337 .9

18 Kiewit Coal Properties Inc 8,762 .8

19 Independence Coal Co 8,255 .8

20 Coastal Corp 8,172 .7

21 Branham & Baker Coal Co 7,359 .7

22 AEP Service Corp 7,226 .7

23 American Coal Co 6,534 .6

24 ALCOA Inc 6,226 .6

25 USX Corporation 6,028 .5

26 Westmoreland Resources 5,465 .5

27 Drummond Resources 5,325 .5

28 TECO Energy Inc 5,154 .5

* Subtotal 832,005 75.6

* All other coal producers 268,427 24.4

* U.S. Total 1,100,431 100.0

Notes: Major coal producers are companies that produced more than 5 million short tons in 1999. The company is the

firm owning the mineral rights to the mined coal.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’, and Financial Reporting System;

State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration,

Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 23 
Productive Capacity

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 25 
Table 16. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama .................................................... 22,290 27,891 29,081 32,159 32,546 NA −20.1 −9.0 NA

Alaska ....................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

Arizona ..................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

Arkansas ................................................... w w w − w NA w w NA

California .................................................. − − − −− NA − − NA

Colorado ................................................... 41,098 36,658 35,466 29,330 32,435 NA 12.1 6.1 NA

Illinois ....................................................... 48,783 47,625 51,523 61,727 56,627 NA 2.4 −3.6 NA

Indiana ...................................................... 41,355 42,190 36,999 35,564 35,256 NA −2.0 4.1 NA

Iowa .......................................................... − − − −− NA − − NA

Kansas ....................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

 R Kentucky Total......................................... 182,633 187,582 195,453 189,225 203,173 NA −2.6 −2.6 NA R Eastern ................................................... 142,362 146,150 152,681 145,691 152,111 NA −2.6 −1.6 NA

Western .................................................. 40,271 41,433 42,771 43,534 51,062 NA −2.8 −5.8 NA

Louisiana .................................................. w w w w w NA w w NA

Maryland ................................................... 4,224 4,250 4,884 4,935 4,408 NA −.6 −1.0 NA

Mississippi ................................................ w − − −− − − − − R Missouri .................................................... w 890 690 1,046 1,081 NA w w NA

Montana .................................................... 54,882 55,882 56,140 56,175 51,597 NA −1.8 1.5 NA

New Mexico............................................. 32,797 32,790 31,604 32,695 32,760 NA * * NA

North Dakota............................................ 32,610 32,484 32,568 32,184 34,464 NA .4 −1.4 NA

Ohio .......................................................... 30,617 33,691 33,443 37,584 34,011 NA −9.1 −2.6 NA

Oklahoma ................................................. 2,580 1,981 2,451 1,981 2,557 NA 30.3 .2 NA

Pennsylvania Total................................... 93,770 94,581 87,527 81,684 77,187 NA −.8 5.0 NA

Anthracite .............................................. 6,622 6,827 5,504 5,504 6,547 NA −3.0 .3 NA

Bituminous ............................................ 87,148 87,754 82,024 76,180 70,640 NA −.7 5.4 NA

Tennessee ................................................. 3,727 4,144 4,100 4,009 3,750 NA −10.1 −.1 NA

Texas ......................................................... 54,705 54,475 54,614 59,604 54,758 NA .4 * NA

Utah .......................................................... 32,158 33,838 30,281 30,230 30,888 NA −5.0 1.0 NA R Virginia ..................................................... 39,729 39,064 43,023 41,593 43,037 NA 1.7 −2.0 NA

Washington ............................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

 R West Virginia Total ................................. 195,128 203,816 203,006 217,409 204,837 NA −4.3 −1.2 NA

Northern ................................................. 47,463 48,756 50,744 54,602 56,355 NA −2.6 −4.2 NA R Southern ................................................. 147,664 155,059 152,262 162,807 148,482 NA −4.8 −.1 NA

Wyoming .................................................. 407,977 379,380 366,680 350,908 337,184 NA 7.5 4.9 NA

 R Appalachian Total2................................ 531,846 553,585 557,745 565,064 551,888 NA −3.9 −.9 NA R Interior Total2 ........................................ 192,566 192,823 193,720 207,658 205,393 NA −.1 −1.6 NA

Western Total2 ....................................... 621,220 591,271 574,139 551,990 541,773 NA 5.1 3.5 NA

 R East of Miss. River................................. 662,275 684,834 689,038 705,890 694,832 NA −3.3 −1.2 NA R West of Miss. River................................ 683,356 652,845 636,566 618,823 604,222 NA 4.7 3.1 NA

 R U.S. Total................................................. 1,345,632 1,337,679 1,325,604 1,324,712 1,299,054 NA .6 .9 NA

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short

tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report.’’

26 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 17. Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Percent)

 Coal-Producing 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901

State and Region

Alabama .................................................. 87.42 82.45 84.05 76.57 75.52 NA

Alaska ..................................................... w w w w w NA

Arizona .................................................... w w w w w NA

Arkansas .................................................. w w w − w NA

California ................................................ −−−−− NA

Colorado .................................................. 72.97 80.83 77.39 84.85 79.27 NA

Illinois ..................................................... 82.85 83.43 79.87 75.58 85.08 NA

Indiana .................................................... 82.22 87.19 95.94 83.42 73.70 NA

Iowa ........................................................ −−− w w NA

Kansas ..................................................... w w w w w NA R Kentucky Total ....................................... 76.32 79.98 79.62 80.38 75.49 NA R Eastern .................................................. 77.14 79.64 79.05 80.07 77.71 NA

Western ................................................ 73.44 81.17 81.63 81.40 68.89 NA

Louisiana ................................................. w w w w w NA

Maryland ................................................. 90.15 94.88 84.80 82.42 82.65 NA

Mississippi .............................................. w − − − −− R Missouri .................................................. w 41.79 57.36 67.85 49.88 NA

Montana .................................................. 74.89 76.66 73.03 67.45 76.44 NA

New Mexico ........................................... 88.90 87.21 85.51 73.61 81.85 NA

North Dakota .......................................... 95.48 92.08 90.82 92.78 87.37 NA

Ohio ........................................................ 73.10 83.13 87.07 75.88 76.55 NA

Oklahoma ................................................ 63.75 83.36 65.87 85.16 73.14 NA

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 81.06 85.28 86.46 82.53 78.81 NA

Anthracite ............................................. 69.14 73.57 80.95 82.56 67.12 NA

Bituminous ........................................... 81.96 86.19 86.83 82.53 79.89 NA

Tennessee ................................................ 81.01 64.52 80.26 90.32 85.51 NA

Texas ....................................................... 97.02 96.53 97.64 92.55 96.21 NA

Utah ......................................................... 81.98 77.06 88.09 90.97 81.48 NA R Virginia ................................................... 81.09 86.13 83.09 85.34 79.07 NA

Washington ............................................. w w w w w NA R West Virginia Total................................ 80.89 83.91 85.50 78.32 79.50 NA

Northern ............................................... 81.65 91.39 84.23 83.95 81.70 NA R Southern ............................................... 80.64 81.56 85.92 76.43 78.67 NA

Wyoming ................................................ 82.63 82.87 76.87 79.35 78.24 NA

R Appalachian Total2 .............................. 79.83 82.99 83.67 79.75 78.53 NA

Interior Total2 ...................................... 84.39 87.30 88.18 83.20 82.01 NA

Western Total2...................................... 82.47 82.66 78.60 79.55 79.29 NA

R East of Miss. River ............................... 79.81 83.17 83.92 79.68 78.11 NA

West of Miss. River.............................. 83.53 83.78 80.20 80.82 80.88 NA

R U.S. Total............................................... 81.70 83.47 82.13 80.21 79.40 NA

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 27 
Table 18. Production, Productive Capacity, and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and Mine

Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total

 Coal-Producing Capacity Capacity Capacity State and Region Productive Productive Productive Production Utilization Production Utilization Production Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama ......................................... 14,799 16,116 91.83 4,687 6,174 75.92 19,486 22,290 87.42

Alaska ............................................ −−− 1,565 w w 1,565 w w

Arizona .......................................... −−− 11,787 w w 11,787 w w

Arkansas ........................................ −−− 15 w w 15 w w

Colorado ........................................ 20,478 31,029 66.00 9,511 10,069 94.46 29,989 41,098 72.97

Illinois ............................................ 36,758 44,402 82.78 3,659 4,381 83.51 40,417 48,783 82.85

Indiana ........................................... 3,553 w w 30,451 w w 34,004 41,355 82.22

Kansas ............................................ −−− 409 w w 409 w w

Kentucky Total.............................. 86,075 109,978 78.27 53,318 72,656 73.38 139,393 182,633 76.32

Eastern ........................................ 62,857 80,882 77.71 46,960 61,480 76.38 109,817 142,362 77.14

Western ....................................... 23,218 29,096 79.80 6,357 11,175 56.89 29,575 40,271 73.44

Louisiana ....................................... −−− 2,953 w w 2,953 w w

Maryland ........................................ 3,280 w w 528 w w 3,808 4,224 90.15

Mississippi ..................................... −−− 18 w w 18 w w

Missouri ......................................... −−− 392 w w 392 w w

Montana ......................................... −−− 41,102 54,882 74.89 41,102 54,882 74.89

New Mexico.................................. 106 w w 29,051 w w 29,156 32,797 88.90

North Dakota................................. −−− 31,135 32,610 95.48 31,135 32,610 95.48

Ohio ............................................... 11,431 15,263 74.90 10,950 15,353 71.32 22,382 30,617 73.10

Oklahoma ...................................... 200 w w 1,445 w w 1,645 2,580 63.75

Pennsylvania Total........................ 59,100 69,677 84.82 16,907 24,093 70.17 76,007 93,770 81.06

Anthracite ................................... 296 328 90.23 4,283 6,295 68.05 4,579 6,622 69.14

Bituminous ................................. 58,804 69,349 84.79 12,624 17,799 70.92 71,428 87,148 81.96

Tennessee ...................................... 1,478 1,921 76.92 1,541 1,805 85.35 3,019 3,727 81.01

Texas .............................................. −−− 53,072 54,705 97.02 53,072 54,705 97.02

Utah ............................................... 26,364 32,158 81.98 −−− 26,364 32,158 81.98

Virginia .......................................... 22,508 27,473 81.93 9,708 12,256 79.22 32,216 39,729 81.09

Washington .................................... −−− 4,097 w w 4,097 w w

West Virginia Total ...................... 103,644 127,278 81.43 54,188 67,850 79.87 157,833 195,128 80.89

Northern ...................................... 33,653 41,482 81.13 5,102 5,981 85.31 38,755 47,463 81.65

Southern ...................................... 69,992 85,796 81.58 49,086 61,869 79.34 119,078 147,664 80.64

Wyoming ....................................... 1,673 w w 335,446 w w 337,119 407,977 82.63

Appalachian Total1..................... 279,097 341,917 81.63 145,471 189,928 76.59 424,568 531,846 79.83

Interior Total1 ............................. 63,729 77,774 81.94 98,771 114,792 86.04 162,500 192,566 84.39

Western Total1 ............................ 48,621 66,973 72.60 463,695 554,247 83.66 512,316 621,220 82.47

East of Miss. River...................... 342,626 419,332 81.71 185,956 242,944 76.54 528,582 662,275 79.81

West of Miss. River..................... 48,821 67,333 72.51 521,981 616,023 84.73 570,801 683,356 83.53

Unknown2 .................................... 343 NA NA 705 NA NA 1,048 NA NA

U.S. Total...................................... 391,790 486,665 80.43 708,642 858,967 82.42 1,100,431 1,345,632 81.70

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

2 Includes mines with production of less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. NA Not available.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Coal production excludes silt,

culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent

rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

28 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 19. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Underground Coal Mines

by State and Mining Method, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Continuous1 Conventional1 Longwall1 Other1 4

 Coal-Producing Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity State and Region Productive Productive Productive Productive Utilization Utilization Utilization Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama......................................... 2,899 93.96 − − 13,217 91.36 − −

Colorado ........................................ 10,246 46.91 − − 20,694 75.32 − −

Illinois............................................ 31,215 80.59 − − 13,187 87.99 − −

Indiana ........................................... w w − − − − − −

Kentucky Total.............................. 97,868 76.44 3,448 85.33 8,597 96.02 65 99.38

Eastern ........................................ 75,966 76.94 3,448 85.33 1,403 100.00 65 99.38

Western....................................... 21,902 74.72 − − 7,194 95.25 − −

Maryland ........................................ w w − − w w − −

New Mexico.................................. w w − − − − − −

Ohio ............................................... 4,616 78.85 − − 10,647 73.18 − −

Oklahoma ...................................... w w − − − − − −

Pennsylvania Total........................ 22,908 74.20 160 83.46 46,583 90.04 26 100.00

Anthracite ................................... 142 96.12 160 83.46 − − 26 100.00

Bituminous ................................. 22,766 74.06 − − 46,583 90.04 − −

Tennessee ...................................... 1,921 76.92 − − − − − −

Utah ............................................... 7,163 77.67 3,440 42.89 21,620 89.65 − −

Virginia.......................................... 19,999 84.10 50 60.40 7,424 76.21 − −

West Virginia Total ...................... 78,638 82.74 120 57.10 48,520 79.37 − −

Northern...................................... 13,232 83.71 − − 28,251 79.92 − −

Southern...................................... 65,406 82.54 120 57.10 20,269 78.62 − −

Wyoming ....................................... w w − − 3,238 45.46 − −

Appalachian Total3..................... 207,819 79.88 3,778 84.02 130,230 84.33 91 99.56

Interior Total3 ............................. 57,353 78.81 − − 20,355 90.52 − −

Western Total3 ............................ 17,956 59.46 3,440 42.89 45,552 80.00 90 94.45

East of Miss. River...................... 264,812 79.64 3,778 84.02 150,586 85.15 91 99.56

West of Miss. River..................... 18,316 59.38 3,440 42.89 45,552 80.00 90 94.45

U.S. Total...................................... 283,128 78.35 7,218 64.42 196,138 83.95 181 97.01

1 Calculated by multiplying reported mining method percentages by the individual mine capacity.

2 Includes scoop loading and hand loading.

3 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

4 Includes shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading and unknown. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 29 
Table 20. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State and

Coal Rank, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite

 Coal-Producing Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity State and Region Productive Productive Productive Productive Utilization Utilization Utilization Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama......................................... 22,290 87.42 − − − − − −

Alaska............................................ − − w w − − − −

Arizona .......................................... w w − − − − − −

Arkansas ........................................ − − − − − − w w

Colorado ........................................ 33,229 66.81 7,869 98.97 −−−−

Illinois............................................ 48,783 82.85 − − − − − −

Indiana ........................................... 41,355 82.22 − − − − − −

Kansas............................................ w w − − − − − −

Kentucky Total.............................. 182,633 76.32 − − − − − −

Eastern ........................................ 142,362 77.14 − − − − − −

Western....................................... 40,271 73.44 − − − − − −

Louisiana ....................................... − − − − w w − −

Maryland........................................ 4,224 90.15 − − − − − −

Mississippi..................................... − − − − w w − −

Missouri......................................... w w − − − − − −

Montana......................................... − − w w w w − −

New Mexico.................................. w w w w − − − −

North Dakota................................. − − − − 32,610 95.48 − −

Ohio ............................................... 30,617 73.10 − − − − − −

Oklahoma ...................................... 2,580 63.75 − − − − − −

Pennsylvania Total........................ 87,148 81.96 −−−− 6,622 69.14

Anthracite ................................... − − − − − − 6,622 69.14

Bituminous ................................. 87,148 81.96 − − − − − −

Tennessee ...................................... 3,727 81.01 − − − − − −

Texas .............................................. w w − − w w − −

Utah ............................................... 32,158 81.98 − − − − − −

Virginia.......................................... 39,729 81.09 − − − − − −

Washington.................................... − − w w − − − −

West Virginia Total ...................... 195,128 80.89 −−−−−−

Northern...................................... 47,463 81.65 − − − − − −

Southern...................................... 147,664 80.64 − − − − − −

Wyoming ....................................... w w w w − − − −

Appalachian Total1..................... 525,224 79.96 −−−− 6,622 69.14

Interior Total1 ............................. w w − − w w w w

Western Total1 ............................ w w 483,212 83.57 w w − −

East of Miss. River...................... 655,633 79.92 − − 20 92.13 6,622 69.14

West of Miss. River..................... 108,857 74.05 483,212 83.57 91,288 95.52 w w

U.S. Total...................................... 764,490 79.08 483,212 83.57 91,308 95.52 2 6,622 2 69.14

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

2 Does not include Arkansas. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Refer to the Classification of Coals by Rank table in Appendix C for coal rank definitions. Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal

that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive

capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania

anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due

to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

30 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 21. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State

and Mine Production Range, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons, Percent)

Capacity

 Productive Capacity Utilization

(percent)

Coal-Producing Mine Production Range

State and Region (thousand short tons)

 1,000 500 200 100 10 1,000 500 200 100 10

and to to to to and to to to to

over 1,000 500 200 100 over 1,000 500 200 100

Alabama............................................... 16,852 − 2,080 1,186 2,172 92.33 − 95.84 61.47 55.44

Alaska .................................................. w − − − − w − − − −

Arizona ................................................ w − − − − w − − − −

Arkansas .............................................. − − − − w − − − − w

Colorado .............................................. 38,898 − 2,200 − − 74.19 − 51.45 − −

Illinois .................................................. 44,018 3,750 − w w 84.99 69.62 − w w

Indiana ................................................. 27,887 10,235 w − w 89.90 75.52 w − w

Kansas .................................................. − − w w −−− w w −

Kentucky Total .................................... 62,803 41,260 41,938 20,361 16,271 91.10 82.75 69.06 60.45 41.57

Eastern .............................................. 39,432 w 35,231 w 13,561 89.91 w 73.51 w 45.60

Western ............................................. 23,371 w 6,706 w 2,710 93.10 w 45.71 w 21.38

Louisiana .............................................. w w −−− w w −−−

Maryland .............................................. w − w w 467 w − w w 50.45

Mississippi ........................................... − − − − w − − − − w

Missouri ............................................... − − w − w − − w − w

Montana ............................................... w − w − − w − w − −

New Mexico ........................................ w − − w − w − − w −

North Dakota ....................................... 32,610 − − − − 95.48 − − − −

Ohio ..................................................... 13,091 6,057 7,687 2,070 1,711 85.54 80.92 51.50 71.08 49.84

Oklahoma ............................................. − w w 1,714 − − w w 47.20 −

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 54,751 8,822 14,058 6,990 9,149 89.55 71.22 73.66 69.78 59.69

Anthracite .......................................... − w 2,055 w 2,442 − w 83.95 w 59.22

Bituminous ........................................ 54,751 w 12,003 w 6,707 89.55 w 71.90 w 59.86

Tennessee............................................. − − 2,134 1,032 560 − − 91.31 66.50 68.48

Texas .................................................... w − w − − w − w − −

Utah ...................................................... 25,749 w w − w 91.69 w w − w

Virginia ................................................ w 8,762 13,721 w 4,271 w 97.41 81.34 w 75.96

Washington .......................................... w − − − − w − − − −

West Virginia Total............................. 125,008 27,660 25,004 9,127 8,328 82.41 88.44 76.65 77.05 49.92

Northern ............................................ 35,514 4,726 2,770 2,155 2,298 82.70 84.76 78.17 81.76 63.11

Southern ............................................ 89,494 22,934 22,234 6,972 6,030 82.29 89.20 76.46 75.60 44.89

Wyoming ............................................. 389,887 w w − w 85.97 w w − w

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 259,897 86,249 100,391 45,089 40,220 85.85 86.32 74.64 67.31 54.01

Interior Total1 ................................... 151,906 22,012 9,444 w w 91.55 70.64 54.57 w w

Western Total1 .................................. 593,967 20,534 5,898 w w 85.21 16.07 44.45 w w

East of Miss. River............................ 355,174 106,547 108,049 46,763 45,743 86.54 83.22 72.98 66.17 49.76

West of Miss. River........................... 650,597 22,248 7,684 2,025 803 86.22 20.82 50.15 55.04 33.10

U.S. Total............................................ 1,005,770 128,795 115,733 48,788 46,546 86.33 72.44 71.46 65.71 49.47

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse

bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required

to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 31 
Table 22. Productive Capacity and Productivity of Coal Mines by State and

Capacity Utilization Range, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons, Short Tons per Employee per Hour)

 Productive Capacity Productivity

Capacity Utilization Range

 Coal-Producing (percent)

State and Region

 90 80 70 60 Less 90 80 70 60 Less

 and to to to than Total and to to to than Total

over 90 80 70 60 over 90 80 70 60

Alabama .................................................. 16,387 w w 3,640 1,563 22,290 2.29 4.51 3.34 2.37 0.89 2.25

Alaska ..................................................... −−−− w w −−−− 5.56 5.56

Arizona .................................................... w −−−− w 6.88 −−−− 6.61

Arkansas .................................................. w −−−− w 1.89 −−−− 1.89

Colorado .................................................. 23,947 w w w 14,151 41,098 9.69 5.70 7.29 2.63 4.71 7.93

Illinois ..................................................... 20,808 12,650 6,500 6,475 2,351 48,783 4.74 4.70 3.75 3.99 1.14 4.19

Indiana .................................................... 18,344 10,220 6,800 1,450 4,541 41,355 5.50 5.47 5.98 5.98 3.39 5.42

Kansas ..................................................... w −−−− w 8.58 −−−− 8.58

Kentucky Total ....................................... 90,618 26,661 10,234 12,528 42,591 182,633 4.52 4.92 3.65 4.28 1.61 3.89

Eastern .................................................. 71,957 17,318 10,234 10,849 32,004 142,362 4.37 4.83 3.65 4.26 1.52 3.74

Western ................................................ 18,662 9,343 − 1,679 10,587 40,271 5.24 5.11 − 4.38 2.08 4.57

Louisiana ................................................. − w − w − w − 8.35 − 8.97 − 8.49

Maryland ................................................. 3,473 w − w w 4,224 5.49 1.71 − 2.48 .98 4.20

Mississippi .............................................. w −−−− w .19 −−−− .19

Missouri .................................................. w − − w − w 1.62 − − 3.53 − 2.89

Montana .................................................. w − 26,300 w − 54,882 39.45 − 21.66 17.19 − 22.84

New Mexico ........................................... 21,137 w − − w 32,797 9.99 7.17 − − 3.67 8.30

North Dakota .......................................... w − w − − 32,610 18.73 − 9.98 − − 17.26

Ohio ........................................................ 13,539 2,421 1,564 2,020 11,072 30,617 3.39 4.14 3.02 5.25 2.29 3.19

Oklahoma................................................ w w w w 1,320 2,580 5.34 4.49 3.72 2.34 1.96 3.15

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 44,466 20,787 2,943 10,850 14,725 93,770 5.00 5.05 2.32 3.46 1.19 3.81

Anthracite ............................................. 3,418 172 376 100 2,556 6,622 4.55 1.46 21.99 1.46 .45 1.76

Bituminous ........................................... 41,048 20,615 2,567 10,750 12,169 87,148 5.05 5.15 2.07 3.51 1.61 4.12

Tennessee ................................................ 1,127 1,150 415 625 410 3,727 3.90 2.89 2.56 3.55 .86 2.75

Texas ....................................................... 47,680 w w − w 54,705 10.24 11.02 6.92 − 5.48 10.08

Utah ......................................................... 14,783 w w − w 32,158 8.77 8.65 6.74 − 1.13 6.84

Virginia ................................................... 24,604 1,938 2,961 633 9,593 39,729 3.69 3.93 3.41 2.48 1.37 3.09

Washington ............................................. w −−−− w 3.95 −−−− 3.95

West Virginia Total................................ 102,888 17,397 23,232 24,735 26,875 195,128 5.66 6.69 4.92 5.24 1.44 4.77

Northern ............................................... 33,559 760 4,097 1,506 7,541 47,463 5.58 3.77 3.01 4.96 1.56 4.63

Southern ............................................... 69,330 16,637 19,135 23,229 19,334 147,664 5.69 6.94 5.69 5.26 1.42 4.81

Wyoming ................................................ 222,157 36,140 99,000 − 50,680 407,977 43.66 24.65 35.28 − 21.76 37.29

Appalachian Total1 .............................. 278,439 61,456 41,700 53,492 96,758 531,846 4.46 5.15 4.00 4.18 1.45 3.84

Interior Total1 ...................................... 106,629 39,215 16,075 11,348 19,299 192,566 6.60 5.50 4.86 4.41 2.04 5.64

Western Total1...................................... 339,348 52,040 136,084 17,382 76,366 621,220 21.10 14.93 25.10 13.89 7.37 19.05

East of Miss. River ............................... 336,273 93,669 55,000 63,096 114,237 662,275 4.56 5.11 4.14 4.19 1.51 3.97

West of Miss. River.............................. 388,143 59,042 138,859 19,126 78,186 683,356 18.48 13.96 23.71 12.13 6.97 17.18

U.S. Total............................................... 724,416 152,711 193,859 82,223 192,423 1,345,632 7.66 6.79 10.00 4.94 2.19 6.61

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production

to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which

are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

32 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 23. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State

and Recoverable Reserves Range, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Recoverable Reserves Range

(million short tons)

Coal-Producing 50 and over 10 to 50 0 to 10 Total

State and Region

 Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity Productive Productive Productive Productive Utilization Utilization Utilization Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama ......................................... 8,542 99.54 7,516 83.01 6,231 76.14 22,290 87.42

Alaska ............................................ w w −− −− w w

Arizona .......................................... w w −− −− w w

Arkansas ........................................ −− −− ww ww

Colorado ........................................ 26,647 85.81 8,300 46.27 6,151 53.38 41,098 72.97

Illinois ............................................ 18,750 85.12 20,702 79.09 9,331 86.62 48,783 82.85

Indiana ........................................... − − 24,660 87.93 16,696 73.80 41,355 82.22

Kansas ............................................ −− −− ww ww

Kentucky Total.............................. 10,539 96.13 29,873 83.36 142,221 73.38 182,633 76.32

Eastern ........................................ − − 20,918 83.77 121,444 76.00 142,362 77.14

Western ....................................... 10,539 96.13 8,955 82.41 20,777 58.07 40,271 73.44

Louisiana ....................................... w w w w − − w w

Maryland ........................................ w w w w w w 4,224 90.15

Mississippi ..................................... w w −− −− w w

Missouri ......................................... −− −− ww ww

Montana ......................................... w w w w − − 54,882 74.89

New Mexico.................................. 27,031 95.58 w w w w 32,797 88.90

North Dakota................................. 32,610 95.48 −− −− 32,610 95.48

Ohio ............................................... 8,495 89.06 6,246 77.83 15,876 62.71 30,617 73.10

Oklahoma ...................................... − − ww ww ww

Pennsylvania Total........................ 27,649 87.02 25,202 91.21 40,919 70.77 93,770 81.06

Anthracite ................................... − − w w w w 6,622 69.14

Bituminous ................................. 27,649 87.02 w w w w 87,148 81.96

Tennessee ...................................... −− −− 3,727 81.01 3,727 81.01

Texas .............................................. 38,058 96.61 w w w w 54,705 97.02

Utah ............................................... w w w w 8,958 88.02 32,158 81.98

Virginia .......................................... − − 9,359 72.82 30,370 83.64 39,729 81.09

Washington .................................... − − w w − − w w

West Virginia Total ...................... 32,567 83.68 50,388 80.98 112,173 80.03 195,128 80.89

Northern ...................................... w w w w 12,925 82.68 47,463 81.65

Southern ...................................... w w w w 99,248 79.69 147,664 80.64

Wyoming ....................................... 394,207 84.06 − − 13,770 41.83 407,977 82.63

Appalachian Total1..................... 80,086 87.67 120,104 82.99 331,656 76.79 531,846 79.83

Interior Total1 ............................. 70,116 92.86 72,213 86.95 50,237 68.87 192,566 84.39

Western Total1 ............................ 561,029 84.23 31,206 72.85 28,985 58.77 621,220 82.47

East of Miss. River...................... 109,394 88.05 174,421 83.20 378,460 75.87 662,275 79.81

West of Miss. River..................... 601,837 85.00 49,102 81.64 32,417 59.11 683,356 83.53

U.S. Total...................................... 711,231 85.47 223,523 82.86 410,878 74.55 1,345,632 81.70

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the

ratio of total production to productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge

operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may

not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 33 
Table 24. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State,

Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

 UMWA Other Unions Nonunion Total

 Coal-Producing Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity State and Region Productive Productive Productive Productive Utilization Utilization Utilization Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Alabama ........................................ 17,273 92.38 − − 5,016 70.36 22,290 87.42

Underground ............................ 16,029 91.79 − − 87 100.00 16,116 91.83

Surface..................................... 1,244 100.00 − − 4,929 69.84 6,174 75.92

Alaska ........................................... − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Arizona ......................................... w w −− −− w w

Surface ..................................... w w −− −− w w

Arkansas....................................... − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Colorado ....................................... w w w w 22,598 71.73 41,098 72.97

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 31,029 66.00

Surface ..................................... w w w w w w 10,069 94.46

Illinois........................................... 25,536 82.55 4,010 81.99 19,238 83.43 48,783 82.85

Underground ............................ w w w w 17,267 81.90 44,402 82.78

Surface..................................... w w w w 1,971 96.82 4,381 83.51

Indiana .......................................... 13,767 79.86 − − 27,588 83.41 41,355 82.22

Underground............................ − −− − 3,916 90.72 3,916 90.72

Surface ..................................... 13,767 79.86 − − 23,672 82.20 37,439 81.34

Kansas........................................... − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Kentucky Total............................ 17,186 78.06 − − 165,447 76.14 182,633 76.32

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 109,978 78.27

Surface ..................................... w w − − w w 72,656 73.38

Eastern ....................................... w w − − w w 142,362 77.14

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 80,882 77.71

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Western ...................................... w w − − w w 40,271 73.44

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 29,096 79.80

Surface ..................................... w w − − w w 11,175 56.89

Louisiana ...................................... − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Maryland...................................... − −− − 4,224 90.15 4,224 90.15

Underground............................ − −− − 3,307 99.17 3,307 99.17

Surface ..................................... − −− − 917 57.60 917 57.60

Mississippi .................................... − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Missouri........................................ − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... − −− − w w w w

Montana ........................................ w w w w w w 54,882 74.89

Surface ..................................... w w w w w w 54,882 74.89

New Mexico.................................. w w w w 6,106 82.49 32,797 88.90

Underground............................ − −− − w w w w

Surface..................................... w w w w w w w w

North Dakota ............................... w w w w w w 32,610 95.48

Surface ..................................... w w w w w w 32,610 95.48

Ohio ............................................... 15,143 74.83 − − 15,473 71.41 30,617 73.10

Underground ............................ 12,220 76.60 − − 3,043 68.04 15,263 74.90

Surface ..................................... 2,923 67.43 − − 12,430 72.24 15,353 71.32

Oklahoma ..................................... − −− − 2,580 63.75 2,580 63.75

Underground ............................ − −− − 360 55.49 360 55.49

Surface..................................... − −− − 2,220 65.09 2,220 65.09

Pennsylvania Total...................... w w w w 54,534 79.41 93,770 81.06

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 69,677 84.82

Surface ..................................... w w w w w w 24,093 70.17

Anthracite.................................. w w w w 4,729 85.31 6,622 69.14

Underground ............................ − −− − 328 90.23 328 90.23

Surface..................................... w w w w 4,402 84.94 6,295 68.05

Bituminous ................................ w w − − w w 87,148 81.96

Underground ............................ w w − − w w 69,349 84.79

Surface ..................................... w w − − w w 17,799 70.92

Tennessee...................................... − −− − 3,727 81.01 3,727 81.01

Underground............................ − −− − 1,921 76.92 1,921 76.92

Surface..................................... − −− − 1,805 85.35 1,805 85.35

Texas ............................................. 25,548 99.01 w w w w 54,705 97.02

Surface ..................................... 25,548 99.01 w w w w 54,705 97.02

Utah ............................................... w w w w 23,174 76.98 32,158 81.98

Underground ............................ w w w w 23,174 76.98 32,158 81.98

See footnotes at end of table.

34 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 24. Productive Capacity and Capacity Utilization of Coal Mines by State,

Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

 UMWA Other Unions Nonunion Total

 Coal-Producing Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity State and Region Productive Productive Productive Productive Utilization Utilization Utilization Utilization Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Virginia......................................... 6,109 69.64 1,520 97.29 32,099 82.50 39,729 81.09

Underground............................ 6,109 69.64 w w w w 27,473 81.93

Surface..................................... − − w w w w 12,256 79.22

Washington .................................. − − w w − − w w

Surface ..................................... − − w w − − w w

West Virginia Total .................... 83,238 79.25 − − 111,889 82.11 195,128 80.89

Underground ............................ 58,779 81.22 − − 68,499 81.61 127,278 81.43

Surface ..................................... 24,460 74.51 − − 43,390 82.89 67,850 79.87

Northern .................................... 30,874 79.24 − − 16,589 86.15 47,463 81.65

Underground ............................ 30,874 79.24 − − 10,608 86.62 41,482 81.13

Surface..................................... − − − − 5,981 85.31 5,981 85.31

Southern .................................... 52,364 79.25 − − 95,300 81.40 147,664 80.64

Underground ............................ 27,904 83.42 − − 57,891 80.69 85,796 81.58

Surface ..................................... 24,460 74.51 − − 37,409 82.50 61,869 79.34

Wyoming ...................................... w w w w 392,586 82.39 407,977 82.63

Underground............................ − − − − 3,680 45.46 3,680 45.46

Surface ..................................... w w w w 388,906 82.74 404,297 82.97

Appalachian Total1..................... 161,613 80.96 1,570 96.07 368,662 79.26 531,846 79.83

Underground ............................ 130,421 82.97 880 95.31 210,616 80.74 341,917 81.63

Surface ..................................... 31,192 72.58 690 97.03 158,047 77.29 189,928 76.59

Interior Total1 ............................. 81,375 86.17 13,826 94.78 97,366 81.42 192,566 84.39

Underground............................ 41,009 80.06 2,150 95.00 34,615 83.36 77,774 81.94

Surface ..................................... 40,365 92.38 11,676 94.74 62,751 80.35 114,792 86.04

Western Total1 ............................ 73,055 82.79 64,700 82.13 483,464 82.47 621,220 82.47

Underground............................ 21,800 80.52 1,184 68.24 43,989 68.79 66,973 72.60

Surface ..................................... 51,255 83.75 63,516 82.39 439,475 83.84 554,247 83.66

East of Miss. River...................... 217,439 80.79 5,580 85.95 439,256 79.25 662,275 79.81

Underground............................ 171,431 82.27 3,030 95.09 244,871 81.15 419,332 81.71

Surface..................................... 46,009 75.27 2,550 75.10 194,385 76.86 242,944 76.54

West of Miss. River..................... 98,604 86.99 74,516 84.49 510,237 82.72 683,356 83.53

Underground............................ 21,800 80.52 1,184 68.24 44,349 68.68 67,333 72.51

Surface ..................................... 76,804 88.82 73,332 84.75 465,888 84.06 616,023 84.73

U.S. Total...................................... 316,043 82.72 80,096 84.59 949,492 81.12 1,345,632 81.70

Underground............................... 193,231 82.07 4,214 87.54 289,220 79.24 486,665 80.43

Surface ........................................ 122,812 83.75 75,882 84.43 660,273 81.94 858,967 82.42

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced annually as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Capacity utilization is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt, culm, refuse

bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required

to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. See Glossary for listing of other unions.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 35 
Recoverable Coal

Reserves at Producing

Mines

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 37 
38 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

5

10

15

20

25

Billion Short Tons

Total

Surface

Underground

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report”; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports

and/or U.S. Department of Labor, MIne Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production

Report.”

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

5

10

15

20

25

Billion Short Tons

Total

Western

Appalachian

Interior

Figure 1. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 39

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Percent

Total

Surface

Underground

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

50

60

70

80

90

100

Percent

Total

Western

Appalachian

Interior

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report”; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports

and/or U.S. Department of Labor, MIne Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production

Report.”

Figure 2. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S. Mines by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999
Table 25. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Million Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 436 374 374 452 510 489 16.7 −3.8 −1.3

Alaska............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Arizona ............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Arkansas ........................................................... − − − − w w −− −

California.......................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Colorado ........................................................... 617 540 568 642 692 546 14.1 −2.8 1.3

Illinois............................................................... 780 744 745 891 882 1,174 4.9 −3.0 −4.4

Indiana .............................................................. 291 313 393 386 324 444 −7.3 −2.6 −4.6

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − w −− −

Kansas .............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

 R Kentucky Total................................................. 1,119 1,180 1,331 1,255 1,279 1,585 −5.1 −3.3 −3.8 R Eastern ........................................................... 714 759 965 818 763 994 −5.9 −1.6 −3.6

Western.......................................................... 405 421 366 437 516 591 −3.6 −5.8 −4.1

Louisiana .......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Maryland .......................................................... 79 64 68 71 58 85 23.7 8.4 −.8

Mississippi........................................................ w − − − − −− − −

Missouri ............................................................ w 3 1 3 2 w w w w

Montana............................................................ 1,147 1,191 1,168 1,309 1,251 1,872 −3.7 −2.1 −5.3

New Mexico..................................................... 1,385 1,385 1,415 1,436 1,480 1,527 * −1.6 −1.1

North Dakota.................................................... 1,188 1,170 1,211 1,301 1,668 1,414 1.6 −8.1 −1.9

Ohio .................................................................. 383 356 318 415 468 692 7.4 −4.9 −6.4

Oklahoma ......................................................... 35 18 24 19 19 38 90.8 16.4 −.9

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 657 775 905 796 737 1,126 −15.1 −2.8 −5.8

Anthracite ...................................................... 76 88 120 90 49 77 −13.9 11.2 −.1

Bituminous .................................................... 582 687 785 706 687 1,050 −15.3 −4.1 −6.3

Tennessee ......................................................... 14 27 57 59 68 63 −48.3 −32.7 −15.4

Texas ................................................................ 756 791 922 878 940 1,209 −4.5 −5.3 −5.1

Utah .................................................................. 424 433 433 284 375 505 −2.1 3.1 −1.9 R Virginia............................................................. 220 190 208 188 203 424 15.9 2.0 −7.0

Washington....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 1,465 1,911 1,737 1,731 1,731 2,115 −23.3 −4.1 −4.0

Northern......................................................... 552 857 714 741 782 1,018 −35.5 −8.3 −6.6 R Southern ......................................................... 912 1,054 1,023 990 949 1,097 −13.5 −1.0 −2.0

Wyoming .......................................................... 7,094 7,220 6,465 6,591 6,724 6,564 −1.8 1.3 .9

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 3,968 4,456 4,632 4,530 4,538 5,989 −10.9 −3.3 −4.5

Interior Total1 ................................................ 2,620 2,428 2,591 2,757 2,835 3,682 7.9 −1.9 −3.7

Western Total1 ............................................... 12,331 12,438 11,941 12,141 12,732 13,091 −.9 −.8 −.7

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 5,661 5,934 6,136 6,244 6,260 8,197 −4.6 −2.5 −4.0

West of Miss. River ....................................... 13,259 13,389 13,029 13,184 13,845 14,564 −1.0 −1.1 −1.0

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 18,920 19,322 19,164 19,428 20,105 22,761 −2.1 −1.5 −2.0

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short

tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

40 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 26. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

 Coal-Producing 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 State and Region

Alabama .................................................. 54.47 54.15 54.81 55.56 58.74 60.40

Alaska ..................................................... w w w w w w

Arizona .................................................... w w w w w w

Arkansas .................................................. −−−− w w

California ................................................ −−−−− w

Colorado .................................................. 72.61 81.40 80.43 79.12 66.06 68.55

Illinois ..................................................... 53.92 53.48 53.49 54.20 52.05 52.15

Indiana .................................................... 75.35 76.46 76.35 78.85 76.23 71.24

Iowa ........................................................ −−−−− w

Kansas ..................................................... w w w w w w R Kentucky Total ....................................... 56.66 59.85 60.91 58.99 57.71 63.21 R Eastern .................................................. 58.29 62.37 63.14 62.59 60.87 66.97

Western ................................................ 53.78 55.29 55.02 52.27 53.03 56.88

Louisiana ................................................. w w w w w w

Maryland ................................................. 60.13 60.39 57.36 61.45 58.34 73.17

Mississippi .............................................. w −−−−−

Missouri .................................................. w 87.46 60.73 59.87 61.04 w

Montana .................................................. 91.18 90.98 90.27 89.05 90.38 82.47

New Mexico ........................................... 93.57 93.43 93.42 93.35 92.62 92.31

North Dakota .......................................... 89.74 88.38 89.84 89.72 89.58 90.91

Ohio ........................................................ 72.15 70.78 63.89 71.61 68.73 69.79

Oklahoma ................................................ 74.87 66.01 69.34 65.94 62.39 72.35

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 66.12 64.29 65.17 65.59 65.26 67.12

Anthracite ............................................. 49.66 54.61 47.72 59.90 64.39 51.38

Bituminous ........................................... 68.26 65.53 67.85 66.32 65.32 68.26

Tennessee ................................................ 67.65 71.35 68.23 63.33 64.14 68.12

Texas ....................................................... 91.29 89.55 90.47 88.32 87.09 83.22

Utah ......................................................... 51.11 52.14 49.47 45.61 46.10 52.41 R Virginia ................................................... 61.33 58.44 58.58 54.81 58.14 66.21

Washington ............................................. w w w w w w

West Virginia Total................................ 62.74 65.33 63.58 63.49 62.44 58.36

Northern ............................................... 62.26 66.34 58.54 58.91 55.10 50.54

Southern ............................................... 63.03 64.50 67.10 66.92 68.49 65.62

Wyoming ................................................ 92.98 93.80 92.26 92.16 92.27 91.57

R Appalachian Total1 .............................. 62.38 63.81 62.85 63.25 62.65 63.79

Interior Total1 ...................................... 72.12 70.64 72.36 70.15 68.71 67.70

Western Total1...................................... 89.95 90.79 89.63 89.74 88.81 87.59

R East of Miss. River ............................... 62.32 62.58 62.11 62.16 61.06 62.03

West of Miss. River.............................. 89.97 90.66 89.64 89.60 88.66 87.16

R U.S. Total............................................... 81.70 82.03 80.83 80.78 80.07 78.11

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data.

Notes: Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all

mines in the geographic area. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 41 
Table 27. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Mines

by State and Mine Type, 1999

(Million Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total

 Coal-Producing Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average State and Region Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery

Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage

Alabama ............................................. 392 52.98 44 67.63 436 54.47

Alaska ................................................. − − w ww w

Arizona ............................................... − − w ww w

Colorado ............................................. 415 66.01 202 86.18 617 72.61

Illinois ................................................ 754 52.86 26 84.45 780 53.92

Indiana ................................................ 28 48.77 262 78.24 291 75.35

Kansas ................................................ − − w ww w

Kentucky Total .................................. 931 51.03 189 84.44 1,119 56.66

Eastern ............................................. 552 51.12 162 82.83 714 58.29

Western ............................................ 378 50.91 27 94.10 405 53.78

Louisiana ............................................ − − w ww w

Maryland ............................................ 70 58.31 10 73.11 79 60.13

Mississippi .......................................... − − w ww w

Missouri .............................................. − − w ww w

Montana .............................................. − − 1,147 91.18 1,147 91.18

New Mexico....................................... w w w w 1,385 93.57

North Dakota...................................... − − 1,188 89.74 1,188 89.74

Ohio .................................................... 191 59.99 191 84.29 383 72.15

Oklahoma ........................................... w w w w 35 74.87

Pennsylvania Total............................. 490 65.04 167 69.28 657 66.12

Anthracite ........................................ 2 80.00 73 48.66 76 49.66

Bituminous ...................................... 488 64.97 94 85.33 582 68.26

Tennessee ........................................... 8 53.74 6 86.35 14 67.65

Texas .................................................. − − 756 91.29 756 91.29

Utah .................................................... 424 51.11 − − 424 51.11

Virginia .............................................. 193 57.87 27 85.81 220 61.33

Washington ........................................ − − w ww w

West Virginia Total ........................... 1,073 56.65 392 79.42 1,465 62.74

Northern .......................................... 526 61.58 26 75.82 552 62.26

Southern .......................................... 547 51.91 365 79.67 912 63.03

Wyoming ............................................ w w w w 7,094 92.98

Appalachian Total1.......................... 2,969 56.85 999 78.83 3,968 62.38

Interior Total1.................................. 1,174 52.20 1,446 88.29 2,620 72.12

Western Total1................................. 841 58.48 11,491 92.26 12,331 89.95

East of Miss. River .......................... 4,130 55.52 1,531 80.67 5,661 62.32

West of Miss. River ......................... 854 58.49 12,405 92.14 13,259 89.97

U.S. Total .......................................... 4,983 56.03 13,936 90.88 18,920 81.70

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

42 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 28. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Underground Mines by State and

Mining Method, 1999

(Million Short Tons)

 Coal-Producing Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total State and Region

Alabama ............................................... w − w − 392

Colorado .............................................. 19 − 396 − 415

Illinois .................................................. 380 − 375 − 754

Indiana ................................................. w −−− w

Kentucky Total .................................... 822 40 68 − 931

Eastern .............................................. 507 40 5 − 552

Western ............................................. 315 − 63 − 378

Maryland .............................................. w − w − 70

New Mexico ........................................ w −−− w

Ohio ..................................................... 23 − 169 − 191

Oklahoma ............................................. w −−− w

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 126 1 364 * 490

Anthracite .......................................... 2 1 − * 2

Bituminous ........................................ 124 − 364 − 488

Tennessee............................................. 8 − − − 8

Utah ...................................................... 49 3 372 − 424

Virginia ................................................ 153 * 40 − 193

West Virginia Total............................. 489 * 584 − 1,073

Northern ............................................ 87 − 439 − 526

Southern ............................................ 401 * 145 − 547

Wyoming ............................................. w − w − w

Appalachian Total5 ........................... 1,318 41 1,610 * 2,969

Interior Total5 ................................... 736 − 438 − 1,174

Western Total5 .................................. 68 3 769 − 841

East of Miss. River............................ 2,041 41 2,048 * 4,130

West of Miss. River........................... 81 3 769 − 854

U.S. Total............................................ 2,122 44 2,817 * 4,983

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent

rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 43 
Table 29. Average Recovery Percentage at Producing Underground Coal Mines by State and

Mining Method, 1999

 Coal-Producing Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total State and Region

Alabama ............................................... w − w − 52.98

Colorado .............................................. 46.78 − 66.94 − 66.01

Illinois .................................................. 49.53 − 56.23 − 52.86

Indiana ................................................. w −−− w

Kentucky Total .................................... 50.66 49.98 56.16 − 51.03

Eastern .............................................. 51.22 49.98 50.00 − 51.12

Western ............................................. 49.76 − 56.65 − 50.91

Maryland .............................................. w − w − 58.31

New Mexico ........................................ w −−− w

Ohio ..................................................... 61.89 − 59.74 − 59.99

Oklahoma ............................................. w −−− w

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 61.78 80.00 66.14 80.00 65.04

Anthracite .......................................... 80.00 80.00 − 80.00 80.00

Bituminous ........................................ 61.53 − 66.14 − 64.97

Tennessee............................................. 53.74 − − − 53.74

Utah...................................................... 66.73 46.00 49.11 − 51.11

Virginia ................................................ 59.92 61.00 50.00 − 57.87

West Virginia Total............................. 52.73 56.00 59.93 − 56.65

Northern ............................................ 64.10 − 61.08 − 61.58

Southern ............................................ 50.25 56.00 56.47 − 51.91

Wyoming ............................................. w − w − w

Appalachian Total5 ........................... 54.08 50.45 59.27 80.00 56.85

Interior Total5 ................................... 49.77 − 56.29 − 52.20

Western Total5 .................................. 61.14 46.00 58.30 − 58.48

East of Miss. River............................ 52.49 50.45 58.64 80.00 55.52

West of Miss. River........................... 60.80 46.00 58.30 − 58.49

U.S. Total............................................ 52.81 50.13 58.54 80.00 56.03

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all

mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

44 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 30. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S.

Mines by Mine Production Range and Mine Type, 1999

(Million Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total

Mine Production Range Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average (thousand short tons) Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery

 Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage

Over 1,000..................................... 3,573 56.40 12,533 91.49 16,105 83.70

500 to 1,000 .................................. 524 54.86 662 91.01 1,186 75.03

200 to 500 ..................................... 443 54.33 260 82.63 703 64.79

100 to 200 ..................................... 265 56.11 86 79.89 351 61.93

50 to 100 ....................................... 95 56.57 74 85.30 170 69.15

10 to 50 ......................................... 83 55.62 322 77.96 405 73.35

U.S. Total...................................... 4,983 56.03 13,936 90.88 18,920 81.70

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Table 31. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing U.S.

Mines by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 1999

(Million Short Tons)

 Underground Surface Total

 Coalbed Thickness Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average (inches) Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery

Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage

 < 7...................................... − − * 94.07 * 94.07

7-12 ...................................... − − 43 69.12 43 69.12

13-18 .................................... − − 48 80.93 48 80.93

19-24 .................................... 1 50.68 342 89.39 344 89.25

25-30 .................................... 42 56.48 245 87.49 288 82.92

31-36 .................................... 215 52.51 217 83.21 432 67.94

37-42 .................................... 316 54.70 123 84.16 438 62.94

43-48 .................................... 354 55.96 226 83.97 580 66.86

49-54 .................................... 532 53.42 430 88.79 963 69.23

55-60 .................................... 515 53.33 307 84.27 823 64.89

61-66 .................................... 307 57.36 134 86.98 441 66.34

67-72 .................................... 849 58.30 359 87.20 1,208 66.89

73-78 .................................... 254 54.68 27 78.81 280 56.97

79-84 .................................... 491 54.80 198 88.52 689 64.49

85-90 .................................... 82 69.99 136 83.63 218 78.51

91-96 .................................... 229 61.03 349 92.70 577 80.15

97-102 .................................. 83 26.35 31 88.94 115 43.42

103-108 ................................ 35 56.53 111 91.17 146 82.81

109-114 ................................ 101 62.06 107 87.58 208 75.23

115-120 ................................ 83 62.54 39 86.47 122 70.24

> 120................................ 495 59.26 10,464 92.15 10,958 90.66

U.S. Total............................ 4,983 56.03 13,936 90.88 18,920 81.70

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Average recovery percentage represents thet percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 45 
Table 32. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing

Mines by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999

(Million Short Tons)

 UMWA Other Unions Nonunion Total

 Coal-Producing Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average State and Region Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery

 Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage

Alabama .............................................. 400 53.94 − − 37 60.32 436 54.47

Underground .................................. 390 52.95 − − 2 60.00 392 52.98

Surface ........................................... 9 95.00 − − 35 60.33 44 67.63

Alaska .................................................. − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Arizona ................................................ w w − −− − w w

Surface ........................................... w w − −− − w w

Colorado ............................................. w w w w 454 72.37 617 72.61

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 415 66.01

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w 202 86.18

Illinois .................................................. 313 48.90 14 70.43 454 56.89 780 53.92

Underground .................................. w w w w 442 56.02 754 52.86

Surface ........................................... w w w w 12 89.92 26 84.45

Indiana ................................................ 120 74.89 − − 171 75.68 291 75.35

Underground .................................. − −− − 28 48.77 28 48.77

Surface ........................................... 120 74.89 − − 142 81.06 262 78.24

Kansas ................................................. − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Kentucky Total .................................. 89 55.88 − − 1,031 56.73 1,119 56.66

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 931 51.03

Surface ........................................... w w − − w w 189 84.44

Eastern ............................................. w w − − w w 714 58.29

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 552 51.12

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Western ............................................ w w − − w w 405 53.78

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 378 50.91

Surface ........................................... w w − − w w 27 94.10

Louisiana ............................................ − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Maryland ............................................ − −− − 79 60.13 79 60.13

Underground .................................. − −− − 70 58.31 70 58.31

Surface ........................................... − −− − 10 73.11 10 73.11

Mississippi .......................................... − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Missouri .............................................. − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... − −− − w ww w

Montana .............................................. w w w w w w 1,147 91.18

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w 1,147 91.18

New Mexico ........................................ w w w w 209 89.91 1,385 93.57

Underground .................................. − −− − w ww w

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w w w

North Dakota ..................................... w w w w w w 1,188 89.74

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w 1,188 89.74

Ohio ..................................................... 243 67.42 − − 140 80.35 383 72.15

Underground .................................. 169 59.74 − − 23 61.89 191 59.99

Surface ........................................... 74 84.90 − − 117 83.91 191 84.29

Oklahoma ........................................... − −− − 35 74.87 35 74.87

Underground .................................. − −− − 13 59.00 13 59.00

Surface ........................................... − −− − 22 84.37 22 84.37

Pennsylvania Total ............................ w w w w 309 72.42 657 66.12

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 490 65.04

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w 167 69.28

Anthracite ........................................ w w w w 27 70.64 76 49.66

Underground .................................. − −− − 2 80.00 2 80.00

Surface ........................................... w w w w 25 69.72 73 48.66

Bituminous ....................................... w w − − w w 582 68.26

Underground .................................. w w − − w w 488 64.97

Surface ........................................... w w − − w w 94 85.33

Tennessee ............................................ − −− − 14 67.65 14 67.65

Underground .................................. − −− − 8 53.74 8 53.74

Surface ........................................... − −− − 6 86.35 6 86.35

Texas ................................................... 284 91.56 w w w w 756 91.29

Surface ........................................... 284 91.56 w w w w 756 91.29

Utah ..................................................... w w w w 374 52.36 424 51.11

Underground .................................. w w w w 374 52.36 424 51.11

Virginia ............................................... 25 50.00 8 71.10 187 62.40 220 61.33

Underground .................................. 25 50.00 w w w w 193 57.87

Surface ........................................... − − w w w w 27 85.81

See footnotes at end of table.

46 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 32. Recoverable Coal Reserves and Average Recovery Percentage at Producing

Mines by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 (Continued)

(Million Short Tons)

 UMWA Other Unions Nonunion Total

 Coal-Producing Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average Recoverable Average State and Region Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery Coal Recovery

 Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage Reserves Percentage

Washington ......................................... − − w w − − w w

Surface ........................................... − − w w − − w w

West Virginia Total........................... 790 63.35 − − 675 62.02 1,465 62.74

Underground .................................. 646 60.23 − − 427 51.22 1,073 56.65

Surface ........................................... 144 77.35 − − 248 80.62 392 79.42

Northern .......................................... 444 61.32 − − 108 66.13 552 62.26

Underground .................................. 444 61.32 − − 82 63.02 526 61.58

Surface ........................................... − −− − 26 75.82 26 75.82

Southern ........................................... 346 65.96 − − 566 61.24 912 63.03

Underground .................................. 202 57.86 − − 345 48.42 547 51.91

Surface ........................................... 144 77.35 − − 222 81.18 365 79.67

Wyoming ............................................. w w w w 6,815 93.07 7,094 92.98

Underground .................................. − −− − 1 60.00 1 60.00

Surface ........................................... w w w w 6,814 93.07 7,093 92.98

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 1,807 61.09 8 70.15 2,153 63.44 3,968 62.38

Underground .................................. 1,524 58.83 6 65.00 1,439 54.72 2,969 56.85

Surface ........................................... 283 73.28 3 80.96 714 81.02 999 78.83

Interior Total1 ................................... 804 68.59 100 88.75 1,716 72.80 2,620 72.12

Underground .................................. 390 49.46 7 60.00 778 53.51 1,174 52.20

Surface ........................................... 414 86.59 94 90.74 938 88.79 1,446 88.29

Western Total1 .................................. 979 84.43 2,285 92.04 9,066 90.02 12,331 89.95

Underground .................................. 169 60.14 4 61.75 667 58.04 841 58.48

Surface ........................................... 810 89.51 2,281 92.09 8,400 92.56 11,491 92.26

East of Miss. River............................ 2,327 59.96 22 70.33 3,312 63.93 5,661 62.32

Underground .................................. 1,914 56.92 12 62.34 2,204 54.26 4,130 55.52

Surface ........................................... 413 74.06 10 80.32 1,109 83.14 1,531 80.67

West of Miss. River........................... 1,264 86.04 2,372 92.02 9,623 89.99 13,259 89.97

Underground .................................. 169 60.14 4 61.75 680 58.06 854 58.49

Surface ........................................... 1,094 90.05 2,368 92.08 8,943 92.41 12,405 92.14

U.S. Total............................................ 3,590 69.14 2,394 91.82 12,935 83.31 18,920 81.70

Underground .................................. 2,083 57.18 16 62.18 2,883 55.16 4,983 56.03

Surface ........................................... 1,507 85.67 2,377 92.03 10,052 91.39 13,936 90.88

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Average recovery percentage represents the percentage of coal that can be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines, weighted for all mines in the reported geographic area. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. See Glossary

for listing of other unions.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 47 
Table 33. U.S. Demonstrated Reserve Base of Coal by Potential Mining Method and Ranked by

State Total, January 1, 1997

(Million Short Tons)

 Rank State Underground Surface Total

1 Montana 70,958 48,718 119,677

2 Illinois 88,461 16,608 105,069

3 Wyoming 42,516 25,299 67,815

4 West Virginia 30,968 4,429 35,397

5 Kentucky 18,508 13,533 32,041

6 Pennsylvania 24,232 4,414 28,646

Anthracite 3,850 3,370 7,220

Bituminous 20,382 1,044 21,427

7 Ohio 17,789 5,875 23,664

8 Colorado 11,979 4,777 16,756

9 Texas − 12,931 12,931

10 New Mexico 6,204 6,279 12,483

11 Indiana 8,860 1,057 9,917

12 North Dakota − 9,395 9,395

13 Alaska 5,423 703 6,126

14 Missouri 1,479 4,515 5,994

15 Utah 5,583 268 5,850

16 Alabama 1,290 3,256 4,547

17 Virginia 1,528 674 2,202

18 Iowa 1,733 457 2,190

19 Oklahoma 1,237 338 1,575

20 Washington 1,332 57 1,390

21 Kansas − 975 975

22 Tennessee 532 284 816

23 Maryland 637 80 717

24 Louisiana − 463 463

25 Arkansas 273 144 417

26 South Dakota − 366 366

27 Arizona 102 59 161

28 Michigan 123 5 128

29 Oregon 15 3 18

30 North Carolina 11 − 11

31 Idaho 4 − 4

32 Georgia 2 2 4

U.S. Total 341,775 165,965 507,740

− Data not available.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, ‘‘U.S. Coal Reserves: A Review and Update (DOE/EIA-0529(97)), August, 1998.

48 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Producer/Distributor

Stocks

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 49 
Table 34. Year-End Producer and Distributor Coal Stocks by State, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Producing Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999

Alabama ..................................................... 2,172 1,636 1,289 1,031 1,358 32.8 12.5

Alaska ......................................................... 22 29 25 6 26 −25.0 −4.3

Arizona....................................................... 1,229 2,077 2,911 2,232 2,760 −40.8 −18.3

Arkansas..................................................... * * 2 1 4 − −42.7

Colorado ..................................................... 1,661 1,594 1,364 494 1,063 4.2 11.8

Illinois ........................................................ 1,049 952 1,358 1,190 2,069 10.1 −15.6

Indiana........................................................ 521 672 698 574 611 −22.4 −3.9

Kansas ........................................................ −−− 19 27 − −

Kentucky Total .......................................... 5,510 4,651 5,376 4,460 4,777 18.5 3.6

Eastern..................................................... 4,167 3,256 4,622 3,720 4,088 28.0 .5

Western ................................................... 1,343 1,394 754 740 689 −3.7 18.1

Louisiana .................................................... 215 57 152 38 309 276.1 −8.7

Maryland .................................................... 252 266 271 143 269 −5.4 −1.7

Missouri ..................................................... − 1 1 − − −100.0 −

Montana ..................................................... 603 745 682 580 718 −19.0 −4.3

New Mexico............................................... 2,528 1,916 1,023 1,890 2,015 32.0 5.8

North Dakota ............................................. 2,561 2,364 1,965 1,574 1,797 8.3 9.3

Ohio............................................................ 800 1,276 774 532 1,374 −37.3 −12.6

Oklahoma ................................................... − **72 −100.0 −

Pennsylvania Total..................................... 2,134 2,682 2,507 3,113 2,487 −20.4 −3.8

Anthracite ................................................ 795 643 486 1,323 389 23.5 19.5

Bituminous .............................................. 1,339 2,039 2,021 1,790 2,098 −34.3 −10.6

Tennessee ................................................... 29 36 32 23 88 −18.9 −24.2

Texas .......................................................... 1,187 1,319 1,506 1,254 864 −10.0 8.3

Utah............................................................ 2,147 1,809 2,112 1,337 1,946 18.7 2.5

Virginia ...................................................... 2,240 2,565 2,328 1,644 1,649 −12.6 8.0

Washington ................................................ − − 56 55 59 − −

West Virginia Total ................................... 6,697 6,008 5,504 4,947 6,176 11.5 2.0

Northern .................................................. 1,446 1,282 858 584 1,959 12.8 −7.3

Southern .................................................. 5,251 4,726 4,645 4,362 4,217 11.1 5.6

Wyoming.................................................... 5,917 3,873 2,036 1,504 1,997 52.8 31.2

Appalachian Total1 ................................. 18,492 17,726 17,327 15,153 17,489 4.3 1.4

Interior Total1.......................................... 4,315 4,396 4,471 3,823 4,575 −1.8 −1.4

Western Total1......................................... 16,668 14,408 12,174 9,672 12,381 15.7 7.7

East of Miss. River .................................. 21,404 20,745 20,138 17,657 20,858 3.2 .6

West of Miss. River ................................. 18,071 15,785 13,835 10,991 13,587 14.5 7.4

U.S. Total .................................................. 39,475 36,530 33,973 28,648 34,444 8.1 3.5

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

50 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 51

 Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report IM 145.”

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

2

4

6

8

10

Million Short Tons

Total

Canada

Venezuela Colombia

Indonesia

Figure 3. U.S. Coal Imports, 1990-1999

Imports
Table 35. U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 of Origin 1998- 1995- 1990- 1999 1999 1999

North America Total ..................................... 1,052,307 1,168,361 1,211,910 1,745,053 1,948,632 979,220 −9.9 −14.3 0.8

Canada ........................................................... 978,826 1,166,397 1,211,557 1,737,744 1,916,140 973,016 −16.1 −15.4 .1

Mexico ........................................................... 73,481 1,964 353 7,309 7,836 6,204 NM 75.0 31.6

Netherlands Antilles...................................... −− − − 24,656 − −−100.0 −

South America Total...................................... 6,643,913 5,960,370 4,631,213 4,667,817 6,251,294 1,690,987 11.5 1.5 16.4

Argentina ....................................................... 232 − 13 − − − − −−

Brazil ............................................................. 33 − − − − − − −−

Colombia ....................................................... 4,553,408 3,478,185 3,117,122 3,026,598 4,210,265 1,428,147 30.9 2.0 13.8

Venezuela ...................................................... 2,090,240 2,482,185 1,514,078 1,641,219 2,041,029 262,840 −15.8 .6 25.9

Europe Total................................................... 72,636 43,572 26,635 2,613 522 5,392 66.7 243.4 33.5

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 10,654 3,983 6,016 2,473 − − 167.5 − −

Denmark ........................................................ −− − − 236 130 − −100.0 −100.0

Germany, FR................................................. − − 20 − − 1 − −−100.0

Italy ................................................................ 1 36 − − − −−97.2 − −

Norway .......................................................... − − 20,383 − − 46 − −−100.0

Russia ............................................................ 945 − − − − − − −−

Spain .............................................................. − 36,432 − 99 − −−100.0 − −

Switzerland .................................................... − − 201 − − − − −−

Turkey ............................................................ −− − 41 − − − −−

United Kingdom............................................ 61,036 3,121 15 − 286 5,215 NM 282.2 31.4

Asia Total........................................................ 1,159,011 1,416,281 1,460,503 1,534,989 1,018,512 2 −18.2 3.3 336.8

China (Mainland) .......................................... 20,239 2,566 2,006 − 53 − NM 342.0 −

Hong Kong.................................................... − 10 − 1 − −−100.0 − −

India ............................................................... 577 − − − − − − −−

Indonesia ........................................................ 1,138,076 1,413,704 1,425,916 1,534,986 1,018,433 − −19.5 2.8 −

Japan .............................................................. − 1 − 2 26 2 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Syria ............................................................... 118 − − − − − − −−

Vietnam ......................................................... − − 32,581 − − − − −−

Oceania & Australia Total............................ 161,466 135,099 156,515 164,793 254,141 23,794 19.5 −10.7 23.7

Australia ........................................................ 161,466 92,660 115,510 164,793 211,702 23,794 74.3 −6.5 23.7

New Zealand ................................................. − 42,439 41,005 − 42,439 − −100.0 −100.0 −

Total ................................................................. 9,089,333 8,723,683 7,486,776 8,115,265 9,473,101 2,699,395 4.2 −1.0 14.4

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Coal imports include coal to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’

52 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 36. Coal Imports by Customs District, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Change Customs District 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 1998- 1995- 1990- 1999 1999 1999

Eastern Total .................................................. 2,497,300 2,418,583 2,508,318 2,664,213 2,465,545 351,348 3.3 0.3 24.3

Boston, MA................................................... 1,467,213 1,439,079 1,533,510 1,803,234 1,484,886 139,771 1.9 −.3 29.8

Baltimore, MD .............................................. 28,862 − − 99 28,328 − − .5 −

Portland, ME ................................................. 516,893 367,609 366,768 362,601 557,147 143,868 40.6 −1.8 15.3

Buffalo, NY................................................... 10,959 3,992 6,060 2,658 2,034 69 174.5 52.3 75.6

New York City, NY...................................... 472,320 512,213 518,043 404,387 337,751 1 −7.8 8.7 327.0

Ogdensburg, NY ........................................... − 19 − 50 − 45 −100.0 − −100.0

Philadelphia, PA............................................ 1,053 95,671 83,918 91,184 55,399 67,594 −98.9 −62.9 −37.0

Norfolk, VA .................................................. − − 19 − − −−−−

Southern Total................................................ 4,920,974 4,447,422 2,985,167 2,903,372 4,246,556 1,384,974 10.6 3.8 15.1

Mobile, AL.................................................... 1,864,915 884,788 214,241 446,590 1,238,203 − 110.8 10.8 −

Savannah, GA ............................................... 507,272 374,677 178,085 118,509 − − 35.4 − −

Miami, FL ..................................................... − 90,381 38,604 − 26,035 − −100.0 −100.0 −

Tampa, FL..................................................... 1,380,683 1,671,217 1,320,515 1,419,408 2,292,328 1,058,354 −17.4 −11.9 3.0

New Orleans, LA .......................................... 714,595 946,756 840,919 808,592 387,861 − −24.5 16.5 −

Wilmington, NC............................................ −− − − − 46 − −−100.0

San Juan, PR ................................................. 266,527 195,162 201,413 96,901 272,296 234,989 36.6 −.5 1.4

Houston-Galveston, TX ................................ − 165,853 154,865 6,063 − 5,215 −100.0 − −100.0

Laredo, TX .................................................... 73,481 1,964 353 7,309 7,787 6,204 NM 75.3 31.6

Virgin Islands................................................ 113,501 116,624 36,172 − 22,046 80,166 −2.7 50.6 3.9

Western Total ................................................. 997,940 812,443 862,053 900,701 943,069 96,480 22.8 1.4 29.6

Los Angeles, CA........................................... 22 4 149 2 − 2 450.0 − 30.5

San Diego, CA .............................................. − 1 − − 49 − −100.0 −100.0 −

Honolulu, HI ................................................. 689,954 681,812 759,385 810,176 844,785 23,794 1.2 −4.9 45.4

Great Falls, MT............................................. 151,335 − 282 25 645 42,017 − 291.4 15.3

Portland, OR.................................................. − 6,992 20,383 − − −−100.0 − −

Seattle, WA ................................................... 156,629 123,634 81,854 90,498 97,590 30,667 26.7 12.5 19.9

Northern Total................................................ 673,119 1,045,235 1,131,238 1,646,979 1,817,931 866,593 −35.6 −22.0 −2.8

Chicago, IL.................................................... 44 66,829 329,778 238,592 64,394 316,534 −99.9 −83.8 −62.7

Detroit, MI..................................................... 389,010 415,127 388,678 615,262 842,851 − −6.3 −17.6 −

Duluth, MN ................................................... 17,591 − 416 291,346 244,278 − −−48.2 −

Pembina, ND................................................. 264,164 560,779 410,509 501,778 666,408 550,059 −52.9 −20.6 −7.8

Milwaukee, WI.............................................. 2,310 2,500 1,857 − − −−7.6 − −

Total ................................................................. 9,089,333 8,723,683 7,486,776 8,115,265 9,473,101 2,699,395 4.2 −1.0 14.4

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 53 
Table 37. U.S. Receipts of Imported Coal by Country of Origin and Destination

State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons)

Percent Country of Origin 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Destination State 1998-1999

Australia Total................................... 161,480 92,676 155,632 147,204 211,099 − 74.2

Florida............................................ 62,910 − − − − − −

Hawaii............................................ 98,570 92,676 155,632 147,204 211,099 − 6.3

Canada Total...................................... 762,804 1,424,942 893,900 1,332,243 1,401,960 33,600 −46.5

Illinois ............................................ 29,963 60,627 147,967 215,959 222,876 − −50.6

Indiana ........................................... 193,342 976,153 474,369 735,342 760,508 − −80.2

Michigan ........................................ 355,377 355,100 229,464 361,458 393,367 − .1

New Hampshire............................. − − − − − 33,600 −

Ohio ............................................... − − 652 1,454 1,410 − −

Utah................................................ 145,727 − − − − − −

Washington .................................... 38,395 33,062 41,448 18,030 23,799 − 16.1

Colombia Total .................................. 2,582,799 2,710,318 2,958,645 2,285,840 2,202,005 1,112,470 −4.7

Alabama......................................... 692,072 169,344 214,251 160,675 161,950 − 308.7

Delaware ........................................ − − − − 7,143 − −

Florida............................................ 1,119,310 1,909,354 1,385,340 1,417,220 1,340,640 1,007,670 −41.4

Maine ............................................. − − − 45,220 − − −

Maryland........................................ 29,000 − − − − − −

Massachusetts ................................ − 467,100 1,077,600 630,400 557,900 104,800 −100.0

Mississippi ..................................... 701,300 − − − − − −

New Hampshire............................. − 34,680 35,360 32,325 134,372 − −100.0

New York ...................................... 36,300 34,800 147,050 −−− 4.3

Texas.............................................. − 84,119 99,044 − − −−100.0

Washington .................................... − 10,921 − − − − −100.0

West Virginia ................................ 4,817 − − − − − −

Indonesia Total .................................. 387,627 899,517 782,035 833,706 428,554 − −56.9

Florida............................................ 387,627 596,979 741,264 807,803 348,854 − −35.1

Louisiana........................................ − 302,538 − − − − −100.0

New Hampshire............................. − − 40,771 25,903 79,700 − −

Mexico Total ...................................... 68,809 − − 15,561 − − −

Texas.............................................. 68,809 − − 15,561 − − −

Poland Total....................................... 3,970 − − − − − −

New Jersey..................................... 3,970 − − − − − −

Venezuela Total ................................. 2,111,492 2,415,581 1,409,628 1,861,504 2,073,645 220,100 −12.6

Connecticut .................................... 35,000 106,000 35,000 28,000 − −−67.0

Florida ............................................ 493,806 235,155 58,643 298,200 891,400 40,100 110.0

Georgia .......................................... 434,220 414,490 279,139 209,907 − − 4.8

Maine ............................................. 35,532 − 2,708 13,966 81,392 − −

Massachusetts ................................ − 471,600 382,900 1,135,500 903,700 69,800 −100.0

Mississippi ..................................... 15,560 173,670 − − − − −91.0

New Hampshire............................. 506,894 331,371 228,969 96,033 82,425 110,200 53.0

New Jersey..................................... 980 39,000 − − − − −97.5

New York ...................................... 589,500 558,800 350,400 − 28,189 − 5.5

Pennsylvania .................................. − − 71,869 79,898 86,539 − −

Texas.............................................. − 85,495 − − − − −100.0

Total .................................................... 6,078,981 7,543,034 6,199,840 6,476,058 6,317,263 1,366,170 −19.4

Alabama......................................... 692,072 169,344 214,251 160,675 161,950 − 308.7

Connecticut .................................... 35,000 106,000 35,000 28,000 − −−67.0

Delaware ........................................ − − − − 7,143 − −

Florida............................................ 2,063,653 2,741,488 2,185,247 2,523,223 2,580,894 1,047,770 −24.7

Georgia .......................................... 434,220 414,490 279,139 209,907 − − 4.8

Hawaii............................................ 98,570 92,676 155,632 147,204 211,099 − 6.3

Illinois ............................................ 29,963 60,627 147,967 215,959 222,876 − −50.6

Indiana ........................................... 193,342 976,153 474,369 735,342 760,508 − −80.2

Louisiana........................................ − 302,538 − − − − −100.0

Maine ............................................. 35,532 − 2,708 59,186 81,392 − −

Maryland........................................ 29,000 − − − − − −

Massachusetts ................................ − 938,700 1,460,500 1,765,900 1,461,600 174,600 −100.0

Michigan ........................................ 355,377 355,100 229,464 361,458 393,367 − .1

Mississippi ..................................... 716,860 173,670 − − − − 312.8

New Hampshire............................. 506,894 366,051 305,100 154,261 296,497 143,800 38.5

New Jersey..................................... 4,950 39,000 − − − − −87.3

New York ...................................... 625,800 593,600 497,450 − 28,189 − 5.4

Ohio ............................................... − − 652 1,454 1,410 − −

See footnotes at end of table.

54 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 37. U.S. Receipts of Imported Coal by Country of Origin and Destination

State, 1990, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Short Tons)

Percent Country of Origin 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Destination State 1998-1999

Total (Continued)

Pennsylvania .................................. − − 71,869 79,898 86,539 − −

Texas.............................................. 68,809 169,614 99,044 15,561 −− −59.4

Utah................................................ 145,727 − − − −− −

Washington .................................... 38,395 43,983 41,448 18,030 23,799 − −12.7

West Virginia ................................ 4,817 − − − −− −

Notes: Data for 1990 are only for receipts at electric utilities. Data for 1995 through 1999 are for receipts at electric utilities, manufacturing plants and

coke plants. See Table 38 and Table 39 for related data. See Technical Note 1 for the difference between receipts of imported coal and U.S. coal imports.

Sources: 1990: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

1995-1999: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Coke Plants’’; and FERC, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 55 
Table 38. Imported Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Country of Origin and

Destination State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Country of Origin Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Destination State 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Australia Total................................................ 62,910 − − − − −− − −

Florida ........................................................ 62,910 − − − − −− − −

Canada Total .................................................. − − 9,590 18,030 23,799 33,600 − −400.0 −100.0

New Hampshire.......................................... − − − − − 33,600 − −−100.0

Washington ................................................. − − 9,590 18,030 23,799 −− −400.0 −

Colombia Total............................................... 2,438,953 2,530,053 2,744,394 2,079,945 2,040,055 1,112,470 103.7 −23.6 82.7

Alabama...................................................... 553,043 − − − − −− − −

Delaware..................................................... − − − − 7,143 −− −100.0 −

Florida ........................................................ 1,119,310 1,909,354 1,385,340 1,417,220 1,340,640 1,007,670 −342.2 −167.8 −83.5

Maryland .................................................... 29,000 − − − − −− − −

Massachusetts............................................. − 467,100 1,077,600 630,400 557,900 104,800 NM NM −300.0

Mississippi.................................................. 701,300 − − − − −− − −

New Hampshire.......................................... − 34,680 35,360 32,325 134,372 − −100.0 −400.0 −

New York................................................... 36,300 34,800 147,050 − − − 4.3 − −

Texas .......................................................... − 84,119 99,044 −−− NM − −

Indonesia Total............................................... 387,627 899,517 782,035 833,706 428,554 − NM NM −

Florida ........................................................ 387,627 596,979 741,264 807,803 348,854 − NM −400.0 −

Louisiana .................................................... − 302,538 − − − − −200.0 − −

New Hampshire.......................................... − − 40,771 25,903 79,700 −− −200.0 −

Poland Total.................................................... 3,970 − − − − −− − −

New Jersey ................................................. 3,970 − − − − −− − −

Venezuela Total.............................................. 2,075,960 2,415,581 1,335,051 1,767,640 1,905,714 220,100 NM NM 85.1

Connecticut................................................. 35,000 106,000 35,000 28,000 − − −300.0 − −

Florida ........................................................ 493,806 235,155 58,643 298,200 891,400 40,100 NM NM 11.4

Georgia ....................................................... 434,220 414,490 279,139 209,907 − −−36.8 − −

Massachusetts............................................. − 471,600 382,900 1,135,500 903,700 69,800 NM NM −200.0

Mississippi.................................................. 15,560 173,670 − − − − −285.6 − −

New Hampshire.......................................... 506,894 331,371 228,969 96,033 82,425 110,200 205.5 9.4 −87.7

New Jersey ................................................. 980 39,000 − − − − −100.0 − −

New York................................................... 589,500 558,800 350,400 − 28,189 − −19.2 7.5 −

Texas .......................................................... − 85,495 − − − − −400.0 − −

Total................................................................. 4,969,420 5,845,151 4,871,070 4,699,321 4,398,122 1,366,170 −15.0 3.1 15.4

Alabama...................................................... 553,043 − − − − −− − −

Connecticut................................................. 35,000 106,000 35,000 28,000 − − −67.0 − −

Delaware..................................................... − − − − 7,143 −− −100.0 −

Florida ........................................................ 2,063,653 2,741,488 2,185,247 2,523,223 2,580,894 1,047,770 −24.7 −5.4 7.8

Georgia ....................................................... 434,220 414,490 279,139 209,907 − − 4.8 − −

Louisiana .................................................... − 302,538 − − − − −100.0 − −

Maryland .................................................... 29,000 − − − − −− − −

Massachusetts ............................................. − 938,700 1,460,500 1,765,900 1,461,600 174,600 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Mississippi.................................................. 716,860 173,670 − − − − 312.8 − −

New Hampshire.......................................... 506,894 366,051 305,100 154,261 296,497 143,800 38.5 14.3 15.0

New Jersey ................................................. 4,950 39,000 − − − − −87.3 − −

New York................................................... 625,800 593,600 497,450 − 28,189 − 5.4 117.1 −

Texas .......................................................... − 169,614 99,044 − − − −100.0 − −

Washington ................................................. − − 9,590 18,030 23,799 −− −100.0 −

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

56 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 39. Imported Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by Country of

Origin and Destination State, 1997-1999

(Short Tons)

 Country Manufacturing Coke Plants Total

 of Origin

 and Percent

Destination 1999 1998 1997 1999 1998 1997 1999 1998 1997 Change

 State 1998-1999

Australia Total................................... 98,570 92,676 155,632 −−− 98,570 92,676 155,632 6.4

Hawaii............................................ 98,570 92,676 155,632 −−− 98,570 92,676 155,632 6.4

Canada Total...................................... 38,395 33,062 32,510 724,409 1,391,880 851,800 762,804 1,424,942 884,310 −46.5

Illinois ............................................ − − − 29,963 60,627 147,967 29,963 60,627 147,967 −50.6

Indiana ........................................... − − − 193,342 976,153 474,369 193,342 976,153 474,369 −80.2

Michigan ........................................ − − − 355,377 355,100 229,464 355,377 355,100 229,464 .1

Ohio ............................................... − − 652 − − − − − 652 −

Utah................................................ − − − 145,727 − − 145,727 − − −

Washington .................................... 38,395 33,062 31,858 −−− 38,395 33,062 31,858 16.1

Colombia Total .................................. 143,846 180,265 214,251 −−− 143,846 180,265 214,251 −20.2

Alabama......................................... 139,029 169,344 214,251 −−− 139,029 169,344 214,251 −17.9

Maine ............................................. − − − − − − − − − −

Washington .................................... − 10,921 − − − − − 10,921 − −100.0

West Virginia ................................ 4,817 − − − − − 4,817 − − −

Mexico Total ...................................... 68,809 − − − − − 68,809 − − −

Texas.............................................. 68,809 − − − − − 68,809 − − −

Venezuela Total ................................. 35,532 − 74,577 − − − 35,532 − 74,577 −

Maine ............................................. 35,532 − 2,708 − − − 35,532 − 2,708 −

Pennsylvania .................................. − − 71,869 − − − − − 71,869 −

Total .................................................... 385,152 306,003 476,970 724,409 1,391,880 851,800 1,109,561 1,697,883 1,328,770 −34.7

Alabama......................................... 139,029 169,344 214,251 −−− 139,029 169,344 214,251 −17.9

Hawaii............................................ 98,570 92,676 155,632 −−− 98,570 92,676 155,632 6.4

Illinois ............................................ − − − 29,963 60,627 147,967 29,963 60,627 147,967 −50.6

Indiana ........................................... − − − 193,342 976,153 474,369 193,342 976,153 474,369 −80.2

Maine ............................................. 35,532 − 2,708 − − − 35,532 − 2,708 −

Michigan ........................................ − − − 355,377 355,100 229,464 355,377 355,100 229,464 .1

Ohio ............................................... − − 652 − − − − − 652 −

Pennsylvania .................................. − − 71,869 − − − − − 71,869 −

Texas.............................................. 68,809 − − − − − 68,809 − − −

Utah................................................ − − − 145,727 − − 145,727 − − −

Washington .................................... 38,395 43,983 31,858 −−− 38,395 43,983 31,858 −12.7

West Virginia ................................ 4,817 − − − − − 4,817 − − −

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; and Form EIA-5A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Coke Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 57 
Employment and Productivity

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 59 
Employment

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 61 
62 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Thousands

Total

Surface

Underground

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Thousands

Total

Western

Appalachian

Interior

Figure 4. Average Number of U.S. Employees/Miners by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999

 Notes: Scale has been enlarged to show detail in the short tons per miner per hour by type of mining plot. Because vertical scales differ,

graphs should not be compared; excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite;

excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours;

includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining

operations; excludes office workers; includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel. Short tons

produced per miner per hour is calculated by dividing total coal production by the direct labor hours worked by all mine employees. 

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report”; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports;

and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production

Report.”
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 63

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Short Tons per Miner per Hour

Total

Underground

Surface

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

5

10

15

20

Short Tons per Miner per Hour

Total

Western

Appalachian Interior

Figure 5. U.S. Coal Mining Productivity by Mine Type and by Region, 1990-1999

 Notes: Scale has been enlarged to show detail in the short tons per miner per hour by type of mining plot. Because vertical scales differ,

graphs should not be compared; excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite;

excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours;

includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining

operations; excludes office workers; includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel. Short tons

produced per miner per hour is calculated by dividing total coal production by the direct labor hours worked by all mine employees. 

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report”; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports;

and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production

Report.”
Table 40. Average Number of Employees/Miners by State, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 4,183 4,875 4,928 5,031 5,567 6,534 −14.2 −6.9 −4.8 R Alaska ............................................................... 120 122 99 102 102 84 −1.6 4.1 4.0 R Arizona ............................................................. 732 747 676 651 831 951 −2.0 −3.1 −2.9

Arkansas ........................................................... 4 4 2 − 4 13 − −−12.3

California.......................................................... − − − − − 5 −− − R Colorado ........................................................... 1,863 1,845 1,362 1,332 1,777 2,009 1.0 1.2 −.8 R Illinois ............................................................... 4,323 4,297 4,612 5,174 5,652 10,018 .6 −6.5 −8.9 R Indiana .............................................................. 2,633 2,930 2,712 2,579 2,571 4,195 −10.1 .6 −5.0

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 135 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 18 19 67 54 54 132 −5.3 −24.0 −19.8 R Kentucky Total................................................. 17,211 18,927 18,937 18,826 21,125 30,498 −9.1 −5.0 −6.1 R Eastern ........................................................... 14,287 15,417 15,422 15,130 16,840 24,912 −7.3 −4.0 −6.0 R Western.......................................................... 2,924 3,510 3,515 3,696 4,285 5,586 −16.7 −9.1 −6.9 R Louisiana .......................................................... 176 176 114 111 114 103 − 11.5 6.1 R Maryland .......................................................... 449 454 458 469 458 589 −1.1 −.5 −3.0

Mississippi........................................................ 45 − − − − −− − − R Missouri ............................................................ 57 76 51 80 92 347 −25.0 −11.3 −18.2 R Montana............................................................ 927 925 708 705 722 821 .2 6.4 1.3

 R New Mexico..................................................... 1,687 1,734 1,339 1,347 1,747 1,472 −2.7 −.9 1.5 R North Dakota.................................................... 925 928 657 640 716 931 −.3 6.6 −.1 R Ohio .................................................................. 3,069 3,415 3,124 3,232 3,386 5,866 −10.1 −2.4 −6.9 R Oklahoma ......................................................... 205 197 269 233 241 415 4.1 −4.0 −7.5 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 9,318 9,915 9,575 9,021 8,968 15,903 −6.0 1.0 −5.8 R Anthracite ...................................................... 1,326 1,281 1,287 1,171 1,069 1,687 3.5 5.5 −2.6 R Bituminous .................................................... 7,992 8,634 8,288 7,850 7,899 14,216 −7.4 .3 −6.2 R Tennessee ......................................................... 566 533 707 756 681 1,697 6.2 −4.5 −11.5 R Texas ................................................................ 2,464 2,523 1,363 1,550 1,590 2,131 −2.3 11.6 1.6 R Utah .................................................................. 1,837 2,072 1,922 1,804 1,893 2,434 −11.3 −.7 −3.1 R Virginia ............................................................. 5,450 5,887 6,235 6,241 6,919 10,342 −7.4 −5.8 −6.9 R Washington....................................................... 513 548 577 589 566 777 −6.4 −2.4 −4.5 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 15,536 17,822 18,245 20,121 21,334 29,578 −12.8 −7.6 −6.9 R Northern ......................................................... 3,906 4,268 4,980 5,279 6,114 10,053 −8.5 −10.6 −10.0 R Southern......................................................... 11,630 13,554 13,265 14,842 15,220 19,525 −14.2 −6.5 −5.6 R Wyoming .......................................................... 4,412 4,447 2,777 2,814 3,142 3,330 −.8 8.8 3.2

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 52,858 58,318 58,694 60,001 64,153 95,421 −9.4 −4.7 −6.3 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 12,849 13,732 12,705 13,477 14,603 23,075 −6.4 −3.1 −6.3 R Western Total1 ............................................... 13,016 13,368 10,117 9,984 11,496 12,814 −2.6 3.1 .2

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 62,783 69,055 69,533 71,450 76,661 115,220 −9.1 −4.9 −6.5 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 15,940 16,363 11,983 12,012 13,591 16,090 −2.6 4.1 −.1

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 78,723 85,418 81,516 83,462 90,252 131,310 −7.8 −3.3 −5.5

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

64 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 41. Average Number of Employees/Miners at Underground Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 3,366 3,911 4,014 4,145 4,314 4,395 −13.9 −6.0 −2.9 R Colorado ........................................................... 1,246 1,230 923 918 1,301 1,509 1.3 −1.1 −2.1 R Illinois............................................................... 3,895 3,798 4,044 4,256 4,780 7,407 2.5 −5.0 −6.9 R Indiana .............................................................. 412 401 411 457 485 524 2.7 −4.0 −2.6 R Kentucky Total................................................. 11,623 12,687 12,947 12,876 14,542 20,898 −8.4 −5.4 −6.3 R Eastern ........................................................... 9,314 9,924 10,369 10,275 11,366 17,407 −6.1 −4.8 −6.7 R Western.......................................................... 2,309 2,763 2,578 2,601 3,176 3,491 −16.4 −7.7 −4.5 R Maryland .......................................................... 312 292 304 308 293 288 6.8 1.6 .9

Montana............................................................ −− − 18 − −− − − R New Mexico..................................................... 15 32 − − 132 10 −53.1 −41.9 4.6 R Ohio .................................................................. 1,645 1,796 1,759 1,706 1,670 2,603 −8.4 −.4 −5.0

Oklahoma ......................................................... 51 44 36 26 12 36 15.9 43.6 3.9

 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 6,191 6,404 6,202 5,599 5,659 9,937 −3.3 2.3 −5.1 R Anthracite ...................................................... 229 205 174 147 152 174 11.7 10.8 3.1

 R Bituminous .................................................... 5,962 6,199 6,028 5,452 5,507 9,763 −3.8 2.0 −5.3 R Tennessee ......................................................... 300 280 390 467 473 1,319 7.1 −10.8 −15.2 R Utah .................................................................. 1,771 2,045 1,922 1,803 1,893 2,434 −13.4 −1.6 −3.5 R Virginia............................................................. 4,161 4,748 5,101 5,098 5,776 8,955 −12.4 −7.9 −8.2 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 11,504 13,565 14,329 16,003 16,347 23,584 −15.2 −8.4 −7.7 R Northern......................................................... 3,405 3,707 4,551 4,764 5,561 8,784 −8.1 −11.5 −10.0 R Southern......................................................... 8,099 9,858 9,778 11,239 10,786 14,800 −17.8 −6.9 −6.5 R Wyoming .......................................................... 79 92 105 116 202 255 −14.1 −20.9 −12.2

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 36,793 40,920 42,468 43,601 45,898 68,488 −10.1 −5.4 −6.7 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 6,667 7,006 7,069 7,340 8,453 11,458 −4.8 −5.8 −5.8 R Western Total1 ............................................... 3,111 3,399 2,950 2,855 3,528 4,208 −8.5 −3.1 −3.3

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 43,409 47,882 49,501 50,915 54,339 79,910 −9.3 −5.4 −6.5 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 3,162 3,443 2,986 2,881 3,540 4,244 −8.2 −2.8 −3.2

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 46,571 51,325 52,487 53,796 57,879 84,154 −9.3 −5.3 −6.4

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 65 
Table 42. Average Number of Employees/Miners at Surface Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 817 964 914 886 1,253 2,139 −15.2 −10.1 −10.1 R Alaska ............................................................... 120 122 99 102 102 84 −1.6 4.1 4.0 R Arizona ............................................................. 732 747 676 651 831 951 −2.0 −3.1 −2.9

Arkansas ........................................................... 4 4 2 − 4 13 − −−12.3

California.......................................................... − − − − − 5 −− − R Colorado ........................................................... 617 615 439 414 476 500 .3 6.7 2.4

 R Illinois ............................................................... 428 499 568 918 872 2,611 −14.2 −16.3 −18.2 R Indiana .............................................................. 2,221 2,529 2,301 2,122 2,086 3,671 −12.2 1.6 −5.4

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 135 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 18 19 67 54 54 132 −5.3 −24.0 −19.8 R Kentucky Total................................................. 5,588 6,240 5,990 5,950 6,583 9,600 −10.4 −4.0 −5.8 R Eastern ........................................................... 4,973 5,493 5,053 4,855 5,474 7,505 −9.5 −2.4 −4.5 R Western.......................................................... 615 747 937 1,095 1,109 2,095 −17.7 −13.7 −12.7 R Louisiana .......................................................... 176 176 114 111 114 103 − 11.5 6.1 R Maryland .......................................................... 137 162 154 161 165 301 −15.4 −4.5 −8.4

Mississippi........................................................ 45 − − − − −− − − R Missouri ............................................................ 57 76 51 80 92 347 −25.0 −11.3 −18.2 R Montana............................................................ 927 925 708 687 722 821 .2 6.4 1.3

 R New Mexico..................................................... 1,672 1,702 1,339 1,347 1,615 1,462 −1.8 .9 1.5 R North Dakota.................................................... 925 928 657 640 716 931 −.3 6.6 −.1 R Ohio .................................................................. 1,424 1,619 1,365 1,526 1,716 3,263 −12.0 −4.5 −8.8 R Oklahoma ......................................................... 154 153 233 207 229 379 .6 −9.4 −9.5 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 3,127 3,511 3,373 3,422 3,309 5,966 −10.9 −1.4 −6.9 R Anthracite ...................................................... 1,097 1,076 1,113 1,024 917 1,513 1.9 4.6 −3.5 R Bituminous .................................................... 2,030 2,435 2,260 2,398 2,392 4,453 −16.6 −4.0 −8.3 R Tennessee ......................................................... 266 253 317 289 208 378 5.1 6.3 −3.8 R Texas ................................................................ 2,464 2,523 1,363 1,550 1,590 2,131 −2.3 11.6 1.6 R Utah .................................................................. 66 27 − 1 − − 144.4 − − R Virginia............................................................. 1,289 1,139 1,134 1,143 1,143 1,387 13.2 3.0 −.8 R Washington....................................................... 513 548 577 589 566 777 −6.4 −2.4 −4.5 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 4,032 4,257 3,916 4,118 4,987 5,994 −5.3 −5.2 −4.3 R Northern ......................................................... 501 561 429 515 553 1,269 −10.7 −2.4 −9.8 R Southern......................................................... 3,531 3,696 3,487 3,603 4,434 4,725 −4.5 −5.5 −3.2 R Wyoming .......................................................... 4,333 4,355 2,672 2,698 2,940 3,075 −.5 10.2 3.9

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 16,065 17,398 16,226 16,400 18,255 26,933 −7.7 −3.1 −5.6 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 6,182 6,726 5,636 6,137 6,150 11,617 −8.1 .1 −6.8 R Western Total1 ............................................... 9,905 9,969 7,167 7,129 7,968 8,606 −.6 5.6 1.6

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 19,374 21,173 20,032 20,535 22,322 35,310 −8.5 −3.5 −6.4 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 12,778 12,920 8,997 9,131 10,051 11,846 −1.1 6.2 .8

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 32,152 34,093 29,029 29,666 32,373 47,156 −5.7 −.2 −4.2

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

66 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 43. Average Number of Employees by State and Mine Production Range, 1999

Mine Production Range

(thousand short tons) Coal-Producing Total State and Region 1,000 500 200 100 50 10 Zero1

 and over to 1,000 to 500 to 200 to 100 to 50

Alabama ............................................ 3,117 − 483 121 169 120 173 4,183

Alaska ............................................... 120 −−−−−− 120

Arizona ............................................. 696 −−−−− 36 732

Arkansas ........................................... −−−−− 4 − 4

Colorado ........................................... 1,667 − 165 −−− 31 1,863

Illinois ............................................... 3,666 325 − 18 28 5 281 4,323

Indiana .............................................. 1,937 482 91 − 38 37 48 2,633

Kansas ............................................... − − 9 9 −−− 18

Kentucky Total................................. 4,258 3,136 3,365 2,165 1,180 1,081 2,026 17,211

Eastern ........................................... 2,491 2,748 3,021 2,123 1,058 1,055 1,791 14,287

Western .......................................... 1,767 388 344 42 122 26 235 2,924

Louisiana .......................................... 136 40 −−−−− 176

Maryland ........................................... 224 − 55 65 36 36 33 449

Mississippi ........................................ −−−−− 45 − 45

Missouri ............................................ − − 37 − 20 − − 57

Montana ............................................ 917 − 10 −−−− 927

New Mexico ..................................... 1,672 − − 14 − − 1 1,687

North Dakota.................................... 921 −−−−− 4 925

Ohio .................................................. 1,638 456 396 234 61 117 167 3,069

Oklahoma ......................................... − 42 24 139 −−− 205

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 3,667 1,235 1,347 685 561 594 1,229 9,318

Anthracite ...................................... − 10 206 150 149 264 547 1,326

Bituminous ..................................... 3,667 1,225 1,141 535 412 330 682 7,992

Tennessee ......................................... − − 273 112 36 73 72 566

Texas ................................................. 2,399 − 61 −−− 4 2,464

Utah .................................................. 1,253 358 88 − 14 13 111 1,837

Virginia ............................................. 577 875 1,515 606 596 643 638 5,450

Washington ....................................... 513 −−−−−− 513

West Virginia Total ......................... 7,120 1,871 2,104 1,194 547 686 2,014 15,536

Northern ......................................... 2,386 432 232 243 152 165 296 3,906

Southern ......................................... 4,734 1,439 1,872 951 395 521 1,718 11,630

Wyoming .......................................... 4,324 52 23 − 13 − − 4,412

Appalachian Total2........................ 18,834 7,185 9,194 5,140 3,064 3,324 6,117 52,858

Interior Total2 ................................ 9,905 1,277 566 208 208 117 568 12,849

Western Total2 ............................... 12,083 410 286 14 27 13 183 13,016

East of Miss. River......................... 26,204 8,380 9,629 5,200 3,252 3,437 6,681 62,783

West of Miss. River........................ 14,618 492 417 162 47 17 187 15,940

U.S. Total......................................... 40,822 8,872 10,046 5,362 3,299 3,454 6,868 78,723

1 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine, including office workers.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 67 
Table 44. Average Number of Employees at Underground Mines by State and Mine

Production Range, 1999

Mine Production Range

(thousand short tons) Coal-Producing Total State and Region 1,000 500 200 100 50 10 Zero1

 and over to 1,000 to 500 to 200 to 100 to 50

Alabama ............................................ 2,957 − 239 − 30 − 140 3,366

Colorado ........................................... 1,081 − 134 −−− 31 1,246

Illinois ............................................... 3,448 226 − 8 28 − 185 3,895

Indiana .............................................. 353 − 35 −−− 24 412

Kentucky Total................................. 3,000 2,103 1,980 1,715 744 665 1,416 11,623

Eastern ........................................... 1,393 1,840 1,810 1,673 726 665 1,207 9,314

Western .......................................... 1,607 263 170 42 18 − 209 2,309

Maryland ........................................... 224 − 55 −−− 33 312

New Mexico ..................................... −−− 14 − − 1 15

Ohio .................................................. 1,432 − 144 −−− 69 1,645

Oklahoma ......................................... −−− 51 −−− 51

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 3,595 1,182 381 323 32 127 551 6,191

Anthracite ...................................... −−− 51 − 53 125 229

Bituminous ..................................... 3,595 1,182 381 272 32 74 426 5,962

Tennessee ......................................... − − 126 49 36 38 51 300

Utah .................................................. 1,253 358 88 − 14 13 45 1,771

Virginia ............................................. 577 588 930 524 512 534 496 4,161

West Virginia Total ......................... 4,879 1,413 1,717 1,073 446 477 1,499 11,504

Northern ......................................... 2,278 386 183 196 100 84 178 3,405

Southern ......................................... 2,601 1,027 1,534 877 346 393 1,321 8,099

Wyoming .......................................... 79 −−−−−− 79

Appalachian Total2........................ 15,057 5,023 5,402 3,642 1,782 1,841 4,046 36,793

Interior Total2 ................................ 5,408 489 205 101 46 − 418 6,667

Western Total2 ............................... 2,413 358 222 14 14 13 77 3,111

East of Miss. River......................... 20,465 5,512 5,607 3,692 1,828 1,841 4,464 43,409

West of Miss. River........................ 2,413 358 222 65 14 13 77 3,162

U.S. Total......................................... 22,878 5,870 5,829 3,757 1,842 1,854 4,541 46,571

1 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine, including office workers.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

68 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 45. Average Number of Employees at Surface Mines by State and Mine

Production Range, 1999

Mine Production Range

(thousand short tons) Coal-Producing Total State and Region 1,000 500 200 100 50 10 Zero1

 and over to 1,000 to 500 to 200 to 100 to 50

Alabama ............................................ 160 − 244 121 139 120 33 817

Alaska ............................................... 120 −−−−−− 120

Arizona ............................................. 696 −−−−− 36 732

Arkansas ........................................... −−−−− 4 − 4

Colorado ........................................... 586 − 31 −−−− 617

Illinois ............................................... 218 99 − 10 − 5 96 428

Indiana .............................................. 1,584 482 56 − 38 37 24 2,221

Kansas ............................................... − − 9 9 −−− 18

Kentucky Total................................. 1,258 1,033 1,385 450 436 416 610 5,588

Eastern ........................................... 1,098 908 1,211 450 332 390 584 4,973

Western .......................................... 160 125 174 − 104 26 26 615

Louisiana .......................................... 136 40 −−−−− 176

Maryland ........................................... −−− 65 36 36 − 137

Mississippi ........................................ −−−−− 45 − 45

Missouri ............................................ − − 37 − 20 − − 57

Montana ............................................ 917 − 10 −−−− 927

New Mexico ..................................... 1,672 −−−−−− 1,672

North Dakota.................................... 921 −−−−− 4 925

Ohio .................................................. 206 456 252 234 61 117 98 1,424

Oklahoma ......................................... − 42 24 88 −−− 154

Pennsylvania Total ........................... 72 53 966 362 529 467 678 3,127

Anthracite ...................................... − 10 206 99 149 211 422 1,097

Bituminous ..................................... 72 43 760 263 380 256 256 2,030

Tennessee ......................................... − − 147 63 − 35 21 266

Texas ................................................. 2,399 − 61 −−− 4 2,464

Utah .................................................. −−−−−− 66 66

Virginia ............................................. − 287 585 82 84 109 142 1,289

Washington ....................................... 513 −−−−−− 513

West Virginia Total ......................... 2,241 458 387 121 101 209 515 4,032

Northern ......................................... 108 46 49 47 52 81 118 501

Southern ......................................... 2,133 412 338 74 49 128 397 3,531

Wyoming .......................................... 4,245 52 23 − 13 − − 4,333

Appalachian Total2........................ 3,777 2,162 3,792 1,498 1,282 1,483 2,071 16,065

Interior Total2 ................................ 4,497 788 361 107 162 117 150 6,182

Western Total2 ............................... 9,670 52 64 − 13 − 106 9,905

East of Miss. River......................... 5,739 2,868 4,022 1,508 1,424 1,596 2,217 19,374

West of Miss. River........................ 12,205 134 195 97 33 4 110 12,778

U.S. Total......................................... 17,944 3,002 4,217 1,605 1,457 1,600 2,327 32,152

1 Includes all employees at preparation plants and tipples not co-located with a mine, including office workers.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 69 
Table 46. Average Number of Employees by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

Alabama .............................................. 3,481 − 3,481 702 4,183

Underground .................................. 3,271 − 3,271 95 3,366

Surface ........................................... 210 − 210 607 817

Alaska.................................................. − − − 120 120

Surface ........................................... − − − 120 120

Arizona ................................................ 732 − 732 − 732

Surface ........................................... 732 − 732 − 732

Arkansas............................................. − − − 4 4

Surface ........................................... − − − 4 4

Colorado ............................................. 619 167 786 1,077 1,863

Underground .................................. 493 − 493 753 1,246

Surface ........................................... 126 167 293 324 617

Illinois .................................................. 2,467 303 2,770 1,553 4,323

Underground .................................. 2,302 177 2,479 1,416 3,895

Surface ........................................... 165 126 291 137 428

Indiana ................................................ 947 − 947 1,686 2,633

Underground .................................. − − − 412 412

Surface ........................................... 947 − 947 1,274 2,221

Kansas................................................. − − − 18 18

Surface ........................................... − − − 18 18

Kentucky Total .................................. 1,454 − 1,454 15,757 17,211

Underground .................................. 1,390 − 1,390 10,233 11,623

Surface ........................................... 64 − 64 5,524 5,588

Eastern ............................................. 122 − 122 14,165 14,287

Underground .................................. 108 − 108 9,206 9,314

Surface ........................................... 14 − 14 4,959 4,973

Western ............................................ 1,332 − 1,332 1,592 2,924

Underground .................................. 1,282 − 1,282 1,027 2,309

Surface ........................................... 50 − 50 565 615

Louisiana ............................................ − − − 176 176

Surface ........................................... − − − 176 176

Maryland ............................................ − − − 449 449

Underground .................................. − − − 312 312

Surface ........................................... − − − 137 137

Mississippi .......................................... − − − 45 45

Surface ........................................... − − − 45 45

Missouri .............................................. − − − 57 57

Surface ........................................... − − − 57 57

Montana.............................................. 340 445 785 142 927

Surface ........................................... 340 445 785 142 927

New Mexico ........................................ 535 858 1,393 294 1,687

Underground .................................. − 1 1 14 15

Surface ........................................... 535 857 1,392 280 1,672

North Dakota ..................................... 143 138 281 644 925

Surface ........................................... 143 138 281 644 925

Ohio ..................................................... 1,658 − 1,658 1,411 3,069

Underground .................................. 1,349 − 1,349 296 1,645

Surface ........................................... 309 − 309 1,115 1,424

Oklahoma ........................................... − − − 205 205

Underground .................................. − − − 51 51

Surface ........................................... − − − 154 154

Pennsylvania Total ............................ 4,411 20 4,431 4,887 9,318

Underground .................................. 3,818 6 3,824 2,367 6,191

Surface ........................................... 593 14 607 2,520 3,127

Anthracite ........................................ 466 5 471 855 1,326

Underground .................................. 2 − 2 227 229

Surface ........................................... 464 5 469 628 1,097

Bituminous ....................................... 3,945 15 3,960 4,032 7,992

Underground .................................. 3,816 6 3,822 2,140 5,962

Surface ........................................... 129 9 138 1,892 2,030

Tennessee ............................................ − − − 566 566

Underground .................................. − − − 300 300

Surface ........................................... − − − 266 266

Texas ................................................... 1,246 420 1,666 798 2,464

Surface ........................................... 1,246 420 1,666 798 2,464

Utah..................................................... 512 132 644 1,193 1,837

Underground .................................. 512 66 578 1,193 1,771

Surface ........................................... − 66 66 − 66

Virginia ............................................... 663 170 833 4,617 5,450

Underground .................................. 661 121 782 3,379 4,161

Surface ........................................... 2 49 51 1,238 1,289

Washington......................................... − 513 513 − 513

Surface ........................................... − 513 513 − 513

See footnotes at end of table.

70 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 46. Average Number of Employees by State, Mine Type, and Union Type, 1999 (Continued)

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

West Virginia Total........................... 6,834 24 6,858 8,678 15,536

Underground .................................. 5,446 7 5,453 6,051 11,504

Surface ........................................... 1,388 17 1,405 2,627 4,032

Northern .......................................... 2,101 − 2,101 1,805 3,906

Underground .................................. 2,101 − 2,101 1,304 3,405

Surface ........................................... − − − 501 501

Southern ........................................... 4,733 24 4,757 6,873 11,630

Underground .................................. 3,345 7 3,352 4,747 8,099

Surface ........................................... 1,388 17 1,405 2,126 3,531

Wyoming............................................. 304 488 792 3,620 4,412

Underground .................................. − − − 79 79

Surface ........................................... 304 488 792 3,541 4,333

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 17,169 214 17,383 35,475 52,858

Underground .................................. 14,653 134 14,787 22,006 36,793

Surface ........................................... 2,516 80 2,596 13,469 16,065

Interior Total1 ................................... 5,992 723 6,715 6,134 12,849

Underground .................................. 3,584 177 3,761 2,906 6,667

Surface ........................................... 2,408 546 2,954 3,228 6,182

Western Total1 .................................. 3,185 2,741 5,926 7,090 13,016

Underground .................................. 1,005 67 1,072 2,039 3,111

Surface ........................................... 2,180 2,674 4,854 5,051 9,905

East of Miss. River............................ 21,915 517 22,432 40,351 62,783

Underground .................................. 18,237 311 18,548 24,861 43,409

Surface ........................................... 3,678 206 3,884 15,490 19,374

West of Miss. River........................... 4,431 3,161 7,592 8,348 15,940

Underground .................................. 1,005 67 1,072 2,090 3,162

Surface ........................................... 3,426 3,094 6,520 6,258 12,778

U.S. Total............................................ 26,346 3,678 30,024 48,699 78,723

Underground ..................................... 19,242 378 19,620 26,951 46,571

Surface .............................................. 7,104 3,300 10,404 21,748 32,152

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Notes: Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data. See Glossary

for listing of other unions.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Table 47. U.S. Coal Mine Injuries, 1990, 1995-1999

Percent Average Annual Percent Change

Injury Type 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Injuries Total1 ........................... 4,513 5,349 5,818 6,148 7,377 12,312 −15.6 −11.6 −10.6

Fatal........................................ 29 25 30 39 47 66 16.0 −11.4 −8.7 R Nonfatal2 ................................ 4,484 5,324 5,788 6,109 7,330 12,246 −15.8 −11.6 −10.6

Injuries per 200,000

 R Employee-Hours Total........... 5.54 6.04 5.39 5.66 6.62 7.92 −8.3 −4.4 −3.9

Fatal........................................ .04 .03 .03 .04 .04 .04 33.3 − − R Nonfatal2................................ 5.50 6.01 5.35 5.62 6.58 7.88 −8.5 −4.4 −3.9

1 Includes contractors, preparation plants and independent shops and yards.

2 Includes only non-fatal injuries that resulted in absence from work. R Revised.

 Note: Calculations of growth rate are based using unrounded values.

 Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Mine Injuries and Worktime, Quarterly, various issues.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 71 
72 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Thousands

Figure 6. U.S. Coal Mine Injuries, 1990-1999

66

61

54

47 45 47

39

30

25

29

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Figure 7. U.S. Coal Mine Fatalities, 1990-1999

 Sources: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Mine

Injuries and Worktime, Quarterly, various issues.

 Sources: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Mine Injuries

and Worktime, Quarterly, various issues.
Productivity

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 73 
Table 48. Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee/Miner per Hour)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 2.25 2.31 2.39 2.20 2.24 2.23 −2.3 0.1 0.1 R Alaska............................................................... 5.56 4.65 6.41 6.81 7.46 8.46 19.6 −7.1 −4.5 R Arizona ............................................................. 6.61 6.53 6.79 6.30 6.34 5.93 1.3 1.0 1.2

Arkansas ........................................................... 1.89 1.95 1.94 − 1.47 1.46 −2.8 6.6 2.9

California.......................................................... − − − − − 17.69 −− − R Colorado ........................................................... 7.93 7.89 7.68 7.32 6.14 4.24 .5 6.6 7.2

 R Illinois............................................................... 4.19 4.17 4.20 4.18 3.87 2.94 .4 2.0 4.0

 R Indiana .............................................................. 5.42 5.17 5.33 4.98 4.68 3.84 4.9 3.8 3.9

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 1.45 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 8.58 7.49 3.82 2.17 2.22 2.03 14.5 40.2 17.3

 R Kentucky Total................................................. 3.89 3.79 3.94 3.80 3.57 2.83 2.4 2.1 3.6

 R Eastern ........................................................... 3.74 3.70 3.83 3.68 3.47 2.66 1.0 1.9 3.8

 R Western.......................................................... 4.57 4.16 4.38 4.29 3.97 3.46 9.8 3.5 3.1

 R Louisiana .......................................................... 8.49 8.82 10.94 10.86 13.25 13.16 −3.7 −10.5 −4.8 R Maryland .......................................................... 4.20 4.12 3.93 4.13 3.82 2.93 2.1 2.4 4.1

Mississippi........................................................ .19 − − − − −− − − R Missouri............................................................ 2.89 2.72 3.19 3.49 2.55 2.99 6.5 3.2 −.4 R Montana............................................................ 22.84 22.96 23.56 21.88 21.06 18.78 −.5 2.0 2.2 R New Mexico..................................................... 8.30 7.92 9.37 8.45 6.92 7.64 4.8 4.7 .9

 R North Dakota.................................................... 17.26 16.77 17.82 17.20 16.80 16.12 2.9 .7 .8

 R Ohio .................................................................. 3.19 3.50 4.02 3.95 3.62 2.80 −8.7 −3.1 1.4 R Oklahoma ......................................................... 3.15 3.30 2.51 2.61 2.97 2.08 −4.4 1.5 4.7 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 3.81 3.77 3.63 3.36 3.23 2.24 1.1 4.2 6.1

 R Anthracite ...................................................... 1.76 2.04 1.76 1.92 2.08 1.03 −14.0 −4.2 6.2 R Bituminous .................................................... 4.12 4.00 3.89 3.56 3.37 2.37 3.1 5.1 6.3

 R Tennessee ......................................................... 2.75 2.71 2.37 2.20 2.36 1.81 1.4 3.9 4.7

 R Texas ................................................................ 10.08 9.66 10.24 10.13 9.10 7.48 4.4 2.6 3.4

 R Utah .................................................................. 6.84 6.16 6.34 7.23 7.02 4.74 11.1 −.6 4.1 R Virginia............................................................. 3.09 2.82 2.77 2.72 2.50 2.24 9.5 5.4 3.6

 R Washington....................................................... 3.95 4.24 3.59 3.97 4.04 3.41 −6.8 −.6 1.6 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 4.77 4.62 4.46 3.91 3.74 2.96 3.0 6.2 5.4

 R Northern......................................................... 4.63 4.67 4.48 4.05 3.72 2.69 −.7 5.6 6.2 R Southern......................................................... 4.81 4.61 4.46 3.86 3.75 3.12 4.3 6.4 4.9

 R Wyoming .......................................................... 37.29 35.98 34.55 32.06 30.06 21.41 3.6 5.5 6.3

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 3.84 3.78 3.76 3.48 3.32 2.60 1.7 3.7 4.4 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 5.64 5.39 5.54 5.39 4.97 3.88 4.6 3.2 4.2 R Western Total1 ............................................... 19.05 18.03 17.75 17.41 15.68 11.82 5.6 5.0 5.4

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 3.97 3.89 3.89 3.63 3.45 2.73 2.1 3.6 4.3 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 17.18 16.27 16.04 15.66 14.18 10.41 5.6 4.9 5.7

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 6.61 6.20 6.04 5.69 5.38 3.83 6.6 5.3 6.3

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and

prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to

provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

74 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 49. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee/Miner per Hour)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 2.09 2.16 2.21 1.95 2.02 2.01 −3.0 0.8 0.4 R Colorado ........................................................... 8.13 7.73 7.44 6.67 5.86 3.26 5.1 8.5 10.7

 R Illinois............................................................... 4.29 4.20 4.07 4.10 3.86 2.70 2.3 2.7 5.3

 R Indiana .............................................................. 3.44 3.63 3.74 3.09 3.22 2.90 −5.1 1.7 1.9 R Kentucky Total................................................. 3.55 3.51 3.64 3.53 3.25 2.54 1.2 2.2 3.8

 R Eastern ........................................................... 3.32 3.36 3.47 3.37 3.12 2.44 −1.1 1.6 3.4 R Western.......................................................... 4.36 3.97 4.15 4.05 3.70 2.93 9.9 4.2 4.5

 R Maryland .......................................................... 5.22 5.18 5.17 4.82 4.77 3.17 .8 2.3 5.7

Montana............................................................ −− − 3.50 − −− − − R New Mexico..................................................... 2.10 4.01 − − 2.68 4.27 −47.6 −5.8 −7.6 R Ohio .................................................................. 3.02 3.48 4.18 4.19 3.81 2.34 −13.4 −5.6 2.8

Oklahoma ......................................................... 1.50 2.18 2.32 1.75 .74 1.30 −31.4 19.4 1.6 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 4.31 4.22 4.05 3.74 3.49 2.12 2.2 5.4 8.2

 R Anthracite ...................................................... .65 .95 1.03 .94 .86 .73 −31.3 −6.8 −1.3 R Bituminous .................................................... 4.43 4.30 4.13 3.81 3.56 2.15 3.0 5.6 8.4

 R Tennessee ......................................................... 2.50 2.39 1.83 1.76 2.02 1.68 4.3 5.4 4.5

 R Utah .................................................................. 7.15 6.22 6.34 7.24 7.02 4.74 15.0 .5 4.7

 R Virginia............................................................. 2.87 2.64 2.56 2.44 2.25 2.14 8.7 6.3 3.3

 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 4.31 4.29 4.03 3.50 3.40 2.70 .4 6.1 5.3

 R Northern......................................................... 4.58 4.69 4.35 3.98 3.66 2.62 −2.3 5.8 6.4 R Southern......................................................... 4.19 4.12 3.90 3.29 3.27 2.76 1.8 6.4 4.8

 R Wyoming .......................................................... 10.29 9.14 10.13 9.18 5.97 2.80 12.6 14.5 15.5

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 3.64 3.62 3.55 3.24 3.08 2.40 .5 4.3 4.7 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 4.23 4.06 4.07 4.01 3.76 2.78 4.4 3.0 4.8 R Western Total1 ............................................... 7.58 6.84 6.88 7.09 6.35 4.04 10.8 4.5 7.2

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 3.74 3.69 3.63 3.36 3.19 2.46 1.3 4.0 4.8 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 7.45 6.76 6.82 7.03 6.32 4.01 10.2 4.2 7.1

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 3.99 3.90 3.83 3.57 3.39 2.54 2.4 4.2 5.1

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and

prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to

provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 75 
Table 50. Surface Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee/Miner per Hour)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 2.98 2.93 3.21 3.50 3.07 2.69 1.9 −0.7 1.2 R Alaska............................................................... 5.56 4.65 6.41 6.81 7.46 8.46 19.6 −7.1 −4.5 R Arizona ............................................................. 6.61 6.53 6.79 6.30 6.34 5.93 1.3 1.0 1.2

Arkansas ........................................................... 1.89 1.95 1.94 − 1.47 1.46 −2.8 6.6 2.9

California.......................................................... − − − − − 17.69 −− − R Colorado ........................................................... 7.53 8.22 8.17 8.76 6.79 6.86 −8.4 2.6 1.0 R Illinois............................................................... 3.36 3.98 5.11 4.67 3.89 3.64 −15.7 −3.6 −.9 R Indiana .............................................................. 5.81 5.41 5.59 5.34 5.04 3.96 7.5 3.6 4.4

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 1.45 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 8.58 7.49 3.82 2.17 2.22 2.03 14.5 40.2 17.3

 R Kentucky Total................................................. 4.60 4.37 4.57 4.35 4.23 3.43 5.1 2.1 3.3

 R Eastern ........................................................... 4.50 4.30 4.47 4.23 4.13 3.13 4.6 2.2 4.1

 R Western.......................................................... 5.50 4.93 5.26 5.02 4.77 4.42 11.6 3.6 2.4

 R Louisiana .......................................................... 8.49 8.82 10.94 10.86 13.25 13.16 −3.7 −10.5 −4.8 R Maryland .......................................................... 1.90 2.10 2.02 2.56 2.16 2.66 −9.3 −3.1 −3.6

Mississippi........................................................ .19 − − − − −− − − R Missouri............................................................ 2.89 2.72 3.19 3.49 2.55 2.99 6.5 3.2 −.4 R Montana............................................................ 22.84 22.96 23.56 22.34 21.06 18.78 −.5 2.0 2.2 R New Mexico..................................................... 8.39 7.98 9.37 8.45 7.19 7.66 5.2 3.9 1.0

 R North Dakota.................................................... 17.26 16.77 17.82 17.20 16.80 16.12 2.9 .7 .8

 R Ohio .................................................................. 3.40 3.52 3.81 3.69 3.46 3.17 −3.3 −.4 .8 R Oklahoma ......................................................... 3.72 3.62 2.55 2.73 3.10 2.17 2.8 4.7 6.2

 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 2.72 2.91 2.86 2.72 2.79 2.42 −6.5 −.6 1.3 R Anthracite ...................................................... 1.99 2.23 1.87 2.06 2.30 1.06 −10.8 −3.5 7.2 R Bituminous .................................................... 3.10 3.18 3.28 2.97 2.95 2.81 −2.5 1.2 1.1 R Tennessee ......................................................... 3.04 2.96 3.02 2.91 3.20 2.32 2.6 −1.3 3.0 R Texas ................................................................ 10.08 9.66 10.24 10.13 9.10 7.48 4.4 2.6 3.4

 R Virginia............................................................. 3.73 3.51 3.69 3.79 3.73 2.89 6.4 * 2.9

 R Washington....................................................... 3.95 4.24 3.59 3.97 4.04 3.41 −6.8 −.6 1.6 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 5.97 5.56 5.71 5.18 4.74 4.02 7.4 5.9 4.5

 R Northern......................................................... 4.99 4.49 5.54 4.72 4.31 3.30 11.2 3.8 4.7

 R Southern......................................................... 6.09 5.71 5.73 5.24 4.79 4.21 6.8 6.2 4.2

 R Wyoming .......................................................... 37.78 36.57 35.42 32.84 31.02 22.84 3.3 5.0 5.8

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 4.29 4.11 4.26 4.05 3.88 3.10 4.3 2.5 3.7 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 7.17 6.78 7.11 6.89 6.39 4.86 5.7 2.9 4.4 R Western Total1 ............................................... 22.65 21.91 21.78 20.96 18.93 15.18 3.3 4.6 4.5

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 4.48 4.31 4.49 4.25 4.03 3.32 4.0 2.7 3.4 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 19.57 18.82 18.63 17.89 16.23 12.26 4.0 4.8 5.3

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 10.39 9.58 9.46 9.05 8.48 5.94 8.4 5.2 6.4

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

R Revised Data.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and

prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to

provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

76 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 51. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 1999

 Number of Average Number Average Production Coal-Producing Mining of Employees per Employee per Hour State and Region Operations1 Working Daily2 (short tons)3

Alabama .......................................................................... 60 4,183 2.25

Underground .............................................................. 16 3,366 2.09

Surface ........................................................................ 44 817 2.98

Alaska .............................................................................. 1 120 5.56

Surface ........................................................................ 1 120 5.56

Arizona ............................................................................ 3 732 6.61

Surface ........................................................................ 3 732 6.61

Arkansas .......................................................................... 1 4 1.89

Surface ........................................................................ 1 4 1.89

Colorado .......................................................................... 14 1,863 7.93

Underground .............................................................. 10 1,246 8.13

Surface ........................................................................ 4 617 7.53

Illinois .............................................................................. 31 4,323 4.19

Underground .............................................................. 22 3,895 4.29

Surface ........................................................................ 9 428 3.36

Indiana ............................................................................. 42 2,633 5.42

Underground .............................................................. 7 412 3.44

Surface ........................................................................ 35 2,221 5.81

Kansas ............................................................................. 2 18 8.58

Surface ........................................................................ 2 18 8.58

Kentucky Total............................................................... 562 17,211 3.89

Underground .............................................................. 325 11,623 3.55

Surface ........................................................................ 237 5,588 4.60

Eastern .......................................................................... 511 14,287 3.74

Underground .............................................................. 298 9,314 3.32

Surface ........................................................................ 213 4,973 4.50

Western ......................................................................... 51 2,924 4.57

Underground .............................................................. 27 2,309 4.36

Surface ........................................................................ 24 615 5.50

Louisiana ......................................................................... 2 176 8.49

Surface ........................................................................ 2 176 8.49

Maryland ......................................................................... 12 449 4.20

Underground .............................................................. 3 312 5.22

Surface ........................................................................ 9 137 1.90

Mississippi ....................................................................... 1 45 .19

Surface ........................................................................ 1 45 .19

Missouri ........................................................................... 2 57 2.89

Surface ........................................................................ 2 57 2.89

Montana .......................................................................... 6 927 22.84

Surface ........................................................................ 6 927 22.84

New Mexico..................................................................... 8 1,687 8.30

Underground .............................................................. 2 15 2.10

Surface ........................................................................ 6 1,672 8.39

North Dakota.................................................................. 5 925 17.26

Surface ........................................................................ 5 925 17.26

Ohio ................................................................................. 75 3,069 3.19

Underground .............................................................. 15 1,645 3.02

Surface ........................................................................ 60 1,424 3.40

Oklahoma ........................................................................ 7 205 3.15

Underground .............................................................. 1 51 1.50

Surface ........................................................................ 6 154 3.72

Pennsylvania Total......................................................... 341 9,318 3.81

Underground .............................................................. 107 6,191 4.31

Surface ........................................................................ 234 3,127 2.72

Anthracite ..................................................................... 117 1,326 1.76

Underground .............................................................. 30 229 .65

Surface ........................................................................ 87 1,097 1.99

Bituminous ................................................................... 224 7,992 4.12

Underground .............................................................. 77 5,962 4.43

Surface ........................................................................ 147 2,030 3.10

Tennessee ......................................................................... 29 566 2.75

Underground .............................................................. 16 300 2.50

Surface ........................................................................ 13 266 3.04

Texas ................................................................................ 15 2,464 10.08

Surface ........................................................................ 15 2,464 10.08

Utah ................................................................................. 20 1,837 6.84

Underground .............................................................. 18 1,771 7.15

Surface ........................................................................ 2 66 .00

Virginia ............................................................................ 187 5,450 3.09

Underground .............................................................. 127 4,161 2.87

Surface ........................................................................ 60 1,289 3.73

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 77 
Table 51. Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mine Type, 1999 (Continued)

 Number of Average Number Average Production Coal-Producing Mining of Employees per Employee per Hour State and Region Operations1 Working Daily2 (short tons)3

Washington ..................................................................... 1 513 3.95

Surface ........................................................................ 1 513 3.95

West Virginia Total ....................................................... 399 15,536 4.77

Underground ............................................................... 268 11,504 4.31

Surface ........................................................................ 131 4,032 5.97

Northern ....................................................................... 97 3,906 4.63

Underground ............................................................... 54 3,405 4.58

Surface ........................................................................ 43 501 4.99

Southern ....................................................................... 302 11,630 4.81

Underground ............................................................... 214 8,099 4.19

Surface ........................................................................ 88 3,531 6.09

Wyoming ......................................................................... 22 4,412 37.29

Underground ............................................................... 1 79 10.29

Surface ........................................................................ 21 4,333 37.78

Appalachian Total4........................................................ 1,614 52,858 3.84

Underground ............................................................... 850 36,793 3.64

Surface ........................................................................ 764 16,065 4.29

Interior Total4................................................................ 154 12,849 5.64

Underground ............................................................... 57 6,667 4.23

Surface ........................................................................ 97 6,182 7.17

Western Total4............................................................... 80 13,016 19.05

Underground ............................................................... 31 3,111 7.58

Surface ........................................................................ 49 9,905 22.65

East of Miss. River ........................................................ 1,739 62,783 3.97

Underground ............................................................... 906 43,409 3.74

Surface ........................................................................ 833 19,374 4.48

West of Miss. River ....................................................... 109 15,940 17.18

Underground ............................................................... 32 3,162 7.45

Surface ........................................................................ 77 12,778 19.57

U.S. Total ........................................................................ 1,848 78,723 6.61

Underground ............................................................ 938 46,571 3.99

Surface ..................................................................... 910 32,152 10.39

1 Mining operations that consist of a mine and preparation plant, or a preparation plant only processing both underground and surface coal

will be counted as two operations.

2 Includes all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers.

3 Calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation,

processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers.

4 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year, and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

78 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 52. Underground Coal Mining Productivity by State and Mining Method, 1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

 Coal-Producing Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total State and Region

Alabama ............................................... 1.46 − 2.10 − 2.09

Colorado .............................................. 2.66 − 8.84 − 8.13

Illinois .................................................. 4.21 − 4.45 − 4.29

Indiana ................................................. 3.44 − − − 3.44

Kentucky Total .................................... 3.47 2.69 4.71 2.06 3.55

Eastern .............................................. 3.32 2.69 4.88 2.06 3.32

Western ............................................. 4.21 − 4.67 − 4.36

Maryland .............................................. 3.70 − 5.58 − 5.22

New Mexico ........................................ 2.10 − − − 2.10

Ohio ..................................................... 3.18 − 2.99 − 3.02

Oklahoma............................................. 1.50 − − − 1.50

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 2.49 .61 5.47 .66 4.31

Anthracite .......................................... .66 .61 − .66 .65

Bituminous ........................................ 2.62 − 5.47 − 4.43

Tennessee............................................. 2.50 − − − 2.50

Utah...................................................... 3.82 8.61 7.74 − 7.15

Virginia ................................................ 2.52 1.76 4.70 − 2.87

West Virginia Total............................. 3.83 2.32 5.15 − 4.31

Northern ............................................ 3.62 − 5.12 − 4.58

Southern ............................................ 3.87 2.32 5.18 − 4.19

Wyoming ............................................. − − 10.29 − 10.29

Appalachian Total5 ........................... 3.27 2.49 4.27 1.29 3.64

Interior Total5 ................................... 4.10 − 4.53 − 4.23

Western Total5 .................................. 3.36 8.61 8.28 − 7.58

East of Miss. River............................ 3.43 2.49 4.31 1.29 3.74

West of Miss. River........................... 3.12 8.61 8.28 − 7.45

U.S. Total............................................ 3.42 3.10 4.84 1.29 3.99

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: For each State, stand alone preparation plant hours are distributed across the mining methods by the proportion of production for all stand

alone mines. Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production,

preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes mines producing

less than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year, and preparation plants with less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 79 
Table 53. U.S. Coal Mining Productivity by Coalbed Thickness and Mining Method, 1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

 Underground Coalbed Thickness Surface Total (inches) Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4

< 7......................................... − − − − 3.09 3.09

7-12 ......................................... − − − − 4.62 4.62

13-18 ....................................... − − − − 5.30 5.30

19-24 ....................................... − 1.76 − − 5.40 5.35

25-30 ....................................... 2.45 2.35 − 1.06 5.30 5.02

31-36 ....................................... 3.21 3.73 − − 5.37 4.54

37-42 ....................................... 3.79 8.83 5.72 − 5.48 4.72

43-48 ....................................... 3.34 3.44 4.02 1.56 5.58 4.57

49-54 ....................................... 3.90 − 2.12 − 6.71 5.03

55-60 ....................................... 4.43 − 3.66 − 6.67 5.33

61-66 ....................................... 4.17 1.02 6.46 − 6.40 5.73

67-72 ....................................... 4.57 − 5.44 − 7.56 6.14

73-78 ....................................... 5.00 − 4.08 − 7.44 4.86

79-84 ....................................... 4.78 1.35 4.90 − 6.51 5.58

85-90 ....................................... 7.35 − 5.90 − 10.35 8.76

91-96 ....................................... 4.26 8.61 5.19 − 7.06 6.16

97-102 ..................................... 10.00 − 6.74 − 7.54 7.47

103-108 ................................... 4.99 − 5.53 − 8.41 7.43

109-114 ................................... 10.45 − 10.64 − 8.04 8.73

115-120 ................................... 6.83 − 5.21 − 6.19 6.11

> 120................................... 3.68 1.51 8.55 − 21.49 19.82

U.S. Total5 ............................. 3.42 3.10 4.84 1.29 10.39 6.61

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

5 Includes stand alone preparation plants.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with

less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

80 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 54. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

Mine Production Range

(thousand short tons) Coal-Producing Total1

State and Region 1,000 500 200 100 50 10

 and over to 1,000 to 500 to 200 to 100 to 50

Alabama.............................................. 2.28 − 2.34 3.03 3.13 2.36 2.25

Underground .................................. 2.24 − .99 − 1.76 − 2.09

Surface ........................................... 3.12 − 3.23 3.03 3.45 2.36 2.98

Alaska.................................................. 5.56 − − − − − 5.56

Surface ........................................... 5.56 − − − − − 5.56

Arizona................................................ 6.88 − − − − − 6.61

Surface ........................................... 6.88 − − − − − 6.61

Arkansas............................................. − − − − − 1.89 1.89

Surface ........................................... − − − − − 1.89 1.89

Colorado ............................................. 8.60 − 3.24 −−− 7.93

Underground .................................. 9.14 − 2.70 −−− 8.13

Surface ........................................... 7.62 − 5.70 −−− 7.53

Illinois .................................................. 4.56 4.04 − 7.44 1.33 1.69 4.19

Underground .................................. 4.60 3.48 − 8.44 1.33 − 4.29

Surface ........................................... 4.03 5.03 − 6.73 − 1.69 3.36

Indiana ................................................ 5.49 6.39 4.14 − 3.08 1.89 5.42

Underground .................................. 3.67 − 5.03 −−− 3.44

Surface ........................................... 5.90 6.39 3.49 − 3.08 1.89 5.81

Kansas................................................. − − 9.24 7.98 − − 8.58

Surface ........................................... − − 9.24 7.98 − − 8.58

Kentucky Total .................................. 5.49 4.67 4.04 3.12 2.93 2.48 3.89

Underground .................................. 4.96 4.27 3.82 2.92 2.66 2.09 3.55

Surface ........................................... 6.74 5.46 4.34 3.98 3.41 3.03 4.60

Eastern ............................................. 5.61 4.66 4.02 3.12 2.87 2.44 3.74

Underground .................................. 4.80 4.26 3.90 2.91 2.66 2.09 3.32

Surface ........................................... 6.66 5.46 4.20 3.98 3.36 2.98 4.50

Western............................................ 5.29 4.70 4.23 3.27 3.48 3.61 4.57

Underground .................................. 5.12 4.30 3.01 3.27 2.72 − 4.36

Surface ........................................... 7.44 5.50 5.35 − 3.62 3.61 5.50

Louisiana ............................................ 8.35 8.97 − − − − 8.49

Surface ........................................... 8.35 8.97 − − − − 8.49

Maryland ............................................ 6.39 − 4.04 1.93 1.84 1.92 4.20

Underground .................................. 6.39 − 4.04 −−− 5.22

Surface ........................................... −−− 1.93 1.84 1.92 1.90

Mississippi .......................................... − − − − − .19 .19

Surface ........................................... − − − − − .19 .19

Missouri .............................................. − − 3.53 − 1.62 − 2.89

Surface ........................................... − − 3.53 − 1.62 − 2.89

Montana .............................................. 22.93 − 14.74 −−− 22.84

Surface ........................................... 22.93 − 14.74 −−− 22.84

New Mexico ........................................ 8.39 − − 4.73 − − 8.30

Underground .................................. −−− 4.73 − − 2.10

Surface ........................................... 8.39 − − − − − 8.39

North Dakota ..................................... 17.31 − − − − − 17.26

Surface ........................................... 17.31 − − − − − 17.26

Ohio..................................................... 2.99 4.53 3.92 2.74 3.63 2.10 3.19

Underground .................................. 3.05 − 3.68 −−− 3.02

Surface ........................................... 2.51 4.53 4.05 2.74 3.63 2.10 3.40

Oklahoma ........................................... − 5.34 4.49 2.26 − − 3.15

Underground .................................. −−− 1.50 − − 1.50

Surface ........................................... − 5.34 4.49 2.72 − − 3.72

Pennsylvania Total ............................ 5.70 2.44 3.60 3.40 2.80 2.44 3.81

Underground .................................. 5.65 2.09 4.53 3.39 2.81 1.61 4.31

Surface ........................................... 8.21 8.35 3.23 3.42 2.79 2.60 2.72

Anthracite ........................................ − 25.60 4.04 2.47 2.35 1.69 1.76

Underground .................................. −−− 1.74 − 1.22 .65

Surface ........................................... − 25.60 4.04 2.87 2.35 1.79 1.99

Bituminous....................................... 5.70 2.21 3.53 3.66 2.94 3.17 4.12

Underground .................................. 5.65 2.09 4.53 3.71 2.81 2.04 4.43

Surface ........................................... 8.21 4.63 3.01 3.61 2.95 3.36 3.10

Tennessee ............................................ − − 3.42 3.47 2.16 2.39 2.75

Underground .................................. − − 3.29 3.80 2.16 2.48 2.50

Surface ........................................... − − 3.52 3.17 − 2.27 3.04

Texas ................................................... 10.28 − 3.33 −−− 10.08

Surface ........................................... 10.28 − 3.33 −−− 10.08

Utah ..................................................... 9.12 2.54 3.65 − 2.50 1.58 6.84

Underground .................................. 9.12 2.54 3.65 − 2.50 1.58 7.15

Surface ........................................... − − − − − − .00

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 81 
Table 54. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Mine Production Range, 1999

(Continued)

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

Mine Production Range

(thousand short tons) Coal-Producing Total1

State and Region 1,000 500 200 100 50 10

 and over to 1,000 to 500 to 200 to 100 to 50

Virginia ............................................... 4.70 4.44 3.35 2.80 2.55 1.86 3.09

Underground .................................. 4.70 4.07 2.91 2.59 2.50 1.93 2.87

Surface ........................................... − 5.18 4.03 4.55 2.87 1.51 3.73

Washington......................................... 3.95 − − − − − 3.95

Surface ........................................... 3.95 − − − − − 3.95

West Virginia Total........................... 6.25 5.73 4.22 3.37 3.10 2.29 4.77

Underground .................................. 5.66 5.39 4.11 3.17 2.93 1.99 4.31

Surface ........................................... 7.47 6.72 4.75 5.16 3.70 2.87 5.97

Northern .......................................... 5.35 4.50 4.43 3.89 3.61 2.75 4.63

Underground .................................. 5.07 4.24 4.69 3.70 3.55 2.44 4.58

Surface ........................................... 10.72 7.03 3.42 4.62 3.68 2.88 4.99

Southern........................................... 6.70 6.05 4.20 3.22 2.87 2.12 4.81

Underground .................................. 6.18 5.78 4.04 3.05 2.74 1.93 4.19

Surface ........................................... 7.30 6.70 4.94 5.62 3.73 2.87 6.09

Wyoming ............................................. 37.82 12.47 10.91 − 3.16 − 37.29

Underground .................................. 10.29 − − − − − 10.29

Surface ........................................... 38.34 12.47 10.91 − 3.16 − 37.78

Appalachian Total2 ........................... 5.11 4.56 3.80 3.14 2.83 2.29 3.84

Underground .................................. 4.65 4.09 3.73 3.00 2.64 1.99 3.64

Surface ........................................... 6.83 5.58 3.89 3.48 3.05 2.55 4.29

Interior Total2 ................................... 6.25 5.40 4.16 3.13 2.73 1.35 5.64

Underground .................................. 4.70 3.95 3.41 2.65 1.72 − 4.23

Surface ........................................... 8.15 6.14 4.56 3.55 3.05 1.35 7.17

Western Total2 .................................. 20.34 3.84 4.24 4.73 2.83 1.58 19.05

Underground .................................. 9.17 2.54 3.10 4.73 2.50 1.58 7.58

Surface ........................................... 23.09 12.47 8.83 − 3.16 − 22.65

East of Miss. River............................ 5.08 4.66 3.82 3.16 2.84 2.25 3.97

Underground .................................. 4.66 4.07 3.72 3.01 2.62 1.99 3.74

Surface ........................................... 6.47 5.70 3.95 3.51 3.08 2.45 4.48

West of Miss. River........................... 18.54 4.39 4.17 2.75 2.25 1.65 17.18

Underground .................................. 9.17 2.54 3.10 1.96 2.50 1.58 7.45

Surface ........................................... 20.35 8.90 5.39 3.25 2.16 1.89 19.57

U.S. Total............................................ 9.56 4.65 3.83 3.14 2.83 2.24 6.61

Underground ..................................... 5.09 3.99 3.69 2.99 2.62 1.98 3.99

Surface .............................................. 15.46 5.84 4.01 3.49 3.05 2.45 10.39

1 Includes stand alone preparation plants.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with

less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data.

82 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 55. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Type,1999

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

Alabama .............................................. 2.16 − 2.16 2.76 2.25

Underground .................................. 2.13 − 2.13 .54 2.09

Surface ........................................... 2.74 − 2.74 3.08 2.98

Alaska.................................................. − − − 5.56 5.56

Surface ........................................... − − − 5.56 5.56

Arizona ................................................ 6.61 − 6.61 − 6.61

Surface ........................................... 6.61 − 6.61 − 6.61

Arkansas............................................. − − − 1.89 1.89

Surface ........................................... − − − 1.89 1.89

Colorado ............................................. 8.96 6.84 8.53 7.48 7.93

Underground .................................. 9.45 − 9.45 7.19 8.13

Surface ........................................... 6.89 6.84 6.86 8.09 7.53

Illinois.................................................. 3.89 4.49 3.96 4.59 4.19

Underground .................................. 4.10 4.99 4.17 4.51 4.29

Surface ........................................... 1.25 3.85 2.41 5.26 3.36

Indiana ................................................ 5.47 − 5.47 5.40 5.42

Underground .................................. − − − 3.44 3.44

Surface ........................................... 5.47 − 5.47 6.03 5.81

Kansas................................................. − − − 8.58 8.58

Surface ........................................... − − − 8.58 8.58

Kentucky Total .................................. 4.05 − 4.05 3.87 3.89

Underground .................................. 4.08 − 4.08 3.47 3.55

Surface ........................................... 3.46 − 3.46 4.61 4.60

Eastern ............................................. 2.52 − 2.52 3.75 3.74

Underground .................................. 2.88 − 2.88 3.32 3.32

Surface ........................................... − − − 4.51 4.50

Western ............................................ 4.18 − 4.18 4.91 4.57

Underground .................................. 4.17 − 4.17 4.60 4.36

Surface ........................................... 4.48 − 4.48 5.61 5.50

Louisiana ............................................ − − − 8.49 8.49

Surface ........................................... − − − 8.49 8.49

Maryland ............................................ − − − 4.20 4.20

Underground .................................. − − − 5.22 5.22

Surface ........................................... − − − 1.90 1.90

Mississippi .......................................... − − − .19 .19

Surface ........................................... − − − .19 .19

Missouri .............................................. − − − 2.89 2.89

Surface ........................................... − − − 2.89 2.89

Montana.............................................. 20.47 19.27 19.80 39.45 22.84

Surface ........................................... 20.47 19.27 19.80 39.45 22.84

New Mexico ........................................ 7.44 8.83 8.30 8.34 8.30

Underground .................................. − − − 4.73 2.10

Surface ........................................... 7.44 8.97 8.38 8.48 8.39

North Dakota ..................................... 9.98 19.04 14.09 18.59 17.26

Surface ........................................... 9.98 19.04 14.09 18.59 17.26

Ohio ..................................................... 3.02 − 3.02 3.39 3.19

Underground .................................. 3.02 − 3.02 3.03 3.02

Surface ........................................... 3.04 − 3.04 3.49 3.40

Oklahoma ........................................... − − − 3.15 3.15

Underground .................................. − − − 1.50 1.50

Surface ........................................... − − − 3.72 3.72

Pennsylvania Total ............................ 3.41 .57 3.40 4.20 3.81

Underground .................................. 3.74 − 3.73 5.22 4.31

Surface ........................................... 1.03 .87 1.03 3.12 2.72

Anthracite ........................................ .57 2.91 .59 2.39 1.76

Underground .................................. − − − .65 .65

Surface ........................................... .57 2.91 .60 3.02 1.99

Bituminous ....................................... 3.71 − 3.69 4.55 4.12

Underground .................................. 3.74 − 3.74 5.65 4.43

Surface ........................................... 2.66 − 2.44 3.15 3.10

Tennessee ............................................ − − − 2.75 2.75

Underground .................................. − − − 2.50 2.50

Surface ........................................... − − − 3.04 3.04

Texas ................................................... 9.68 9.83 9.72 10.87 10.08

Surface ........................................... 9.68 9.83 9.72 10.87 10.08

Utah..................................................... 8.02 2.41 6.57 6.98 6.84

Underground .................................. 8.02 4.83 7.55 6.98 7.15

Surface ........................................... − − − − −

Virginia ............................................... 3.13 3.45 3.21 3.06 3.09

Underground .................................. 3.14 2.77 3.07 2.82 2.87

Surface ........................................... − 5.08 4.94 3.67 3.73

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 83 
Table 55. Coal Mining Productivity by State, Mine Type, and Union Type,1999 (Continued)

(Short Tons of Coal Produced per Employee per Hour)

 Coal-Producing UMWA Other Unions Union Total Nonunion Total State and Region

Washington......................................... − 3.95 3.95 − 3.95

Surface ........................................... − 3.95 3.95 − 3.95

West Virginia Total........................... 4.42 − 4.41 5.06 4.77

Underground .................................. 4.08 − 4.08 4.53 4.31

Surface ........................................... 5.66 − 5.60 6.18 5.97

Northern .......................................... 5.07 − 5.07 4.04 4.63

Underground .................................. 5.07 − 5.07 3.65 4.58

Surface ........................................... − − − 4.99 4.99

Southern ........................................... 4.11 − 4.10 5.31 4.81

Underground .................................. 3.39 − 3.38 4.76 4.19

Surface ........................................... 5.66 − 5.60 6.43 6.09

Wyoming............................................. 7.88 9.35 8.82 43.17 37.29

Underground .................................. − − − 10.29 10.29

Surface ........................................... 7.88 9.35 8.82 43.90 37.78

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 3.51 2.86 3.50 4.02 3.84

Underground .................................. 3.41 2.52 3.40 3.82 3.64

Surface ........................................... 4.10 3.44 4.08 4.33 4.29

Interior Total1 ................................... 5.35 7.57 5.61 5.67 5.64

Underground .................................. 4.13 4.99 4.17 4.32 4.23

Surface ........................................... 7.25 8.37 7.48 6.90 7.17

Western Total1 .................................. 9.06 9.55 9.28 27.22 19.05

Underground .................................. 8.77 4.14 8.35 7.17 7.58

Surface ........................................... 9.18 9.75 9.48 35.33 22.65

East of Miss. River............................ 3.68 3.81 3.68 4.14 3.97

Underground .................................. 3.56 3.88 3.56 3.89 3.74

Surface ........................................... 4.30 3.70 4.27 4.54 4.48

West of Miss. River........................... 9.23 9.59 9.38 24.31 17.18

Underground .................................. 8.77 4.14 8.35 7.00 7.45

Surface ........................................... 9.36 9.76 9.54 30.10 19.57

U.S. Total............................................ 4.59 8.66 5.08 7.59 6.61

Underground ..................................... 3.81 3.93 3.81 4.13 3.99

Surface .............................................. 6.70 9.30 7.51 11.78 10.39

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons and preparation plants with

less than 5,000 employee hours, which are not required to provide data. See Glossary for listing of other unions.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

84 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Distribution

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 85 
86 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1

10

100

1,000

Million Short Tons (Logarithmic Units)

Total

Res/Com

Coke

Other Industrial

Electricity

Foreign

Figure 8. Coal Distribution, 1990-1999

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6, “Coal Distribution Report.”
Table 56. Distribution of U.S. Coal by State of Origin, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Producing Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999

Alabama ..................................................... 19,297 23,046 23,921 24,636 25,159 −16.3 −6.4

Alaska......................................................... 1,573 1,341 1,424 1,473 1,670 17.3 −1.5

Arizona....................................................... 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 3.7 1.7

Arkansas..................................................... 22 23 9 7 11 −2.3 18.3

Colorado..................................................... 30,017 29,294 26,968 25,405 25,635 2.5 4.0

Illinois ........................................................ 40,167 39,754 41,220 47,076 47,869 1.0 −4.3

Indiana........................................................ 34,215 36,774 34,810 29,674 25,695 −7.0 7.4

Kansas ........................................................ 408 440 434 245 291 −7.4 8.8

Kentucky Total .......................................... 138,632 153,102 152,746 152,891 151,466 −9.4 −2.2

Eastern..................................................... 108,922 120,227 119,196 117,404 117,831 −9.4 −1.9

Western ................................................... 29,710 32,876 33,550 35,487 33,635 −9.6 −3.0

Louisiana.................................................... 2,952 3,331 3,545 3,222 3,426 −11.4 −3.6

Maryland .................................................... 3,875 4,066 4,116 4,199 3,570 −4.7 2.1

Mississippi ................................................. 18 − − − −− −

Missouri ..................................................... 392 296 401 846 464 32.4 −4.1

Montana ..................................................... 41,332 42,674 40,942 38,288 39,620 −3.1 1.1

New Mexico............................................... 28,450 28,026 27,377 25,043 26,154 1.5 2.1

North Dakota ............................................. 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,118 1.2 .7

Ohio............................................................ 23,074 27,166 29,434 28,881 24,345 −15.1 −1.3

Oklahoma ................................................... 1,657 1,731 1,688 2,216 2,158 −4.3 −6.4

Pennsylvania Total..................................... 75,669 80,525 73,725 69,128 62,240 −6.0 5.0

Anthracite................................................ 4,580 4,887 5,062 4,836 3,994 −6.3 3.5

Bituminous .............................................. 71,089 75,637 68,664 64,291 58,246 −6.0 5.1

Tennessee ................................................... 3,155 2,741 3,080 3,052 2,627 15.1 4.7

Texas .......................................................... 53,075 52,935 53,463 49,655 52,832 .3 .1

Utah............................................................ 25,715 26,765 26,272 23,868 25,521 −3.9 .2

Virginia ...................................................... 31,634 33,539 35,577 36,208 34,024 −5.7 −1.8

Washington ................................................ 4,074 4,622 4,495 4,569 4,863 −11.8 −4.3

West Virginia Total ................................... 157,730 172,612 172,236 169,200 165,187 −8.6 −1.1

Northern .................................................. 39,512 44,784 46,316 46,436 42,615 −11.8 −1.9

Southern .................................................. 118,219 127,828 125,920 122,764 122,572 −7.5 −.9

Wyoming.................................................... 337,027 314,891 280,795 279,117 263,601 7.0 6.3

Appalachian Total1 ................................. 423,357 463,922 461,287 452,707 434,984 −8.7 −.7

Interior Total1.......................................... 162,616 168,160 169,119 168,427 166,380 −3.3 −.6

Western Total1......................................... 511,748 490,339 448,490 438,758 428,966 4.4 4.5

East of Miss. River .................................. 527,467 573,325 570,866 564,944 542,182 −8.0 −.7

West of Miss. River ................................. 570,254 549,096 508,030 494,948 488,148 3.8 4.0

U.S. Total .................................................. 1,097,721 1,122,421 1,078,896 1,059,892 1,030,330 −2.2 1.6

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

Notes: See Technical Note 1 for the difference between production and distribution. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent

rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 87 
Table 57. Domestic and Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by State of Origin, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Producing Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999

Domestic

Alabama ..................................................... 15,990 18,245 18,108 19,772 19,127 −12.4 −4.4

Alaska......................................................... 1,036 970 743 697 815 6.8 6.2

Arizona....................................................... 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 3.7 1.7

Arkansas..................................................... 22 23 9 7 11 −2.3 18.3

Colorado..................................................... 28,198 27,541 25,445 23,990 24,734 2.4 3.3

Illinois ........................................................ 40,102 39,447 40,447 45,190 45,170 1.7 −2.9

Indiana........................................................ 34,215 36,774 34,805 29,664 25,625 −7.0 7.5

Kansas ........................................................ 408 440 434 245 291 −7.4 8.8

Kentucky Total .......................................... 133,997 146,171 145,526 143,748 141,771 −8.3 −1.4

Eastern..................................................... 104,287 113,842 112,496 108,927 108,781 −8.4 −1.0

Western ................................................... 29,710 32,329 33,030 34,821 32,990 −8.1 −2.6

Louisiana.................................................... 2,952 3,331 3,545 3,222 3,426 −11.4 −3.6

Maryland .................................................... 3,875 4,058 3,880 3,555 3,382 −4.5 3.5

Mississippi ................................................. 18 − − − −− −

Missouri ..................................................... 392 296 401 846 464 32.4 −4.1

Montana ..................................................... 40,649 41,860 40,363 37,770 39,362 −2.9 .8

New Mexico............................................... 28,450 28,026 27,352 25,035 25,640 1.5 2.6

North Dakota ............................................. 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,118 1.2 .7

Ohio............................................................ 23,068 26,503 29,024 28,609 24,318 −13.0 −1.3

Oklahoma ................................................... 1,657 1,731 1,688 2,136 2,158 −4.3 −6.4

Pennsylvania Total..................................... 68,703 72,616 65,027 59,882 53,961 −5.4 6.2

Anthracite................................................ 4,365 4,445 4,575 4,330 3,497 −1.8 5.7

Bituminous .............................................. 64,338 68,172 60,452 55,552 50,464 −5.6 6.3

Tennessee ................................................... 3,151 2,741 3,080 3,052 2,627 15.0 4.6

Texas .......................................................... 52,903 52,913 53,463 49,538 52,812 * *

Utah............................................................ 23,402 24,229 22,857 18,563 21,591 −3.4 2.0

Virginia ...................................................... 22,865 20,728 22,736 22,776 24,283 10.3 −1.5

Washington ................................................ 4,074 4,622 4,481 4,526 4,756 −11.8 −3.8

West Virginia Total ................................... 134,882 135,082 133,777 127,156 120,866 −.1 2.8

Northern .................................................. 37,259 40,410 41,494 40,398 36,073 −7.8 .8

Southern .................................................. 97,624 94,671 92,284 86,757 84,793 3.1 3.6

Wyoming.................................................... 333,253 311,162 278,255 276,723 261,333 7.1 6.3

Appalachian Total1 ................................. 376,820 393,814 388,130 373,728 357,344 −4.3 1.3

Interior Total1.......................................... 162,379 167,285 167,821 165,668 162,947 −2.9 −.1

Western Total1......................................... 502,623 481,137 439,713 428,297 420,132 4.5 4.6

East of Miss. River .................................. 480,866 502,364 496,412 483,402 461,128 −4.3 1.0

West of Miss. River ................................. 560,957 539,872 499,252 484,291 479,294 3.9 4.0

U.S. Total .................................................. 1,041,823 1,042,236 995,664 967,693 940,423 * 2.6

Foreign

Alabama ..................................................... 3,307 4,801 5,813 4,864 6,032 −31.1 −13.9

Alaska......................................................... 537 371 680 776 855 44.8 −11.0

Colorado..................................................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,415 900 3.7 19.2

Illinois ........................................................ 65 307 773 1,886 2,699 −78.8 −60.6

Indiana........................................................ − − 5 11 70 − −

Kentucky Total .......................................... 4,636 6,931 7,220 9,143 9,695 −33.1 −16.8

Eastern..................................................... 4,636 6,385 6,700 8,477 9,051 −27.4 −15.4

Western ................................................... − 546 520 666 645 −100.0 −

Maryland .................................................... * 9 236 645 188 −99.1 −85.6

Montana ..................................................... 682 814 579 518 259 −16.1 27.4

New Mexico............................................... − − 25 9 514 − −

Ohio............................................................ 6 663 410 271 28 −99.1 −32.6

Oklahoma ................................................... −−− 80 −− −

Pennsylvania Total..................................... 6,966 7,908 8,698 9,246 8,279 −11.9 −4.2

Anthracite................................................ 216 443 486 506 497 −51.3 −18.8

Bituminous .............................................. 6,750 7,466 8,212 8,740 7,782 −9.6 −3.5

Tennessee ................................................... 4 − − − −− −

Texas .......................................................... 172 22 − 117 20 NM 72.0

Utah............................................................ 2,313 2,535 3,414 5,305 3,930 −8.8 −12.4

Virginia ...................................................... 8,770 12,810 12,841 13,432 9,742 −31.5 −2.6

Washington ................................................ − − 14 43 107 − −

West Virginia Total ................................... 22,848 37,531 38,459 42,044 44,321 −39.1 −15.3

Northern .................................................. 2,253 4,374 4,822 6,038 6,542 −48.5 −23.4

Southern .................................................. 20,595 33,157 33,637 36,006 37,779 −37.9 −14.1

Wyoming.................................................... 3,774 3,729 2,541 2,395 2,269 1.2 13.6

Appalachian Total1 ................................. 46,536 70,108 73,157 78,979 77,640 −33.6 −12.0

See footnotes at end of table.

88 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 57. Domestic and Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by State of Origin, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Producing Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999

Foreign

Interior Total1.......................................... 237 875 1,298 2,759 3,433 −72.9 −48.8

Western Total1......................................... 9,125 9,202 8,777 10,460 8,834 −.8 .8

East of Miss. River .................................. 46,601 70,961 74,455 81,542 81,054 −34.3 −12.9

West of Miss. River ................................. 9,297 9,225 8,777 10,657 8,854 .8 1.2

U.S. Total .................................................. 55,898 80,185 83,232 92,199 89,907 −30.3 −11.2

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Table 58. Major U.S. Coal Distributors, 1999

Company Name

Top Ten Distributors

AEI Resources, Inc. Pacificorp

Arch Minerial Corp. Peabody Energy Corp.

Consol Energy Inc. RAG Coal International

Kennecott Energy Inc. Texas Utilities Co.

Massey Energy Vulcan Holding

Other Major Distributors

AEP Service Corp. Great River Energy

Aluminum Co. of America James River Coal Co.

American Metals & Coal Mapco Coal Inc.

AMVEST Minerals MDU Resources Group

Andalex Resources Inc. Mincorp Inc.

Anker Energy Corp. Minnesota Power & Light

BHP Minerials Int ’l North American Coal Corp.

Black Hills Corp. Pen Holdings

Bluegrass Coal Develop. Pittson Company

Chevron Corp. Quaker Coal Co.

Coal Resources Inc. Rencoal Inc.

Coastal Corp. San Miguel Elec CoOp

Deseret Generation Smokey Mountain Coal

Drummond Company Solar Sources Inc.

DTE Energy Co. Sunco Inc.

Electric Fuels Corp. Teco Energy Inc.

Entech Inc. U.S. Steel Mining Co.

Exxon Coal USA Inc. Utilicorp United

Florida Progress Corp. Walter Industries

Freeman Energy Waterloo Coal Co.

Notes: The top 10 distribution companies accounted for 55 percent of the total distribution. Companies are listed in alphabetical order to ensure

nondisclosure of company data.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 89 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Appalachian Total ................................... 376,820 393,814 388,130 373,728 357,344 −4.3 1.3

Alabama ................................................. 15,990 18,245 18,108 19,772 19,127 −12.4 −4.4

Middle Atlantic.................................... 157 − 365 579 616 − −29.0

Pennsylvania ..................................... 157 − 365 579 616 − −29.0

East North Central ............................... 1,374 129 − 108 − NM −

Illinois ............................................... − 71 − − − −100.0 −

Indiana ............................................... 1,302 58 − 57 − NM −

Ohio ................................................... −−− 51 −− −

Wisconsin.......................................... 72 − − − −− −

West North Central.............................. −−− * −− −

Minnesota .......................................... −−− * −− −

Missouri ............................................. −−− * −− −

South Atlantic ...................................... 194 98 77 385 253 97.2 −6.4

Florida ............................................... − 24 26 8 115 −100.0 −

Georgia.............................................. 194 74 50 373 134 162.4 9.7

North Carolina .................................. −−− 4 −− −

South Carolina .................................. − − − − 4 − −

East South Central ............................... 14,106 17,904 17,594 18,628 18,182 −21.2 −6.1

Alabama ............................................ 14,024 17,831 17,489 18,503 18,024 −21.3 −6.1

Kentucky ........................................... −−− 15 −− −

Mississippi......................................... 35 73 105 110 156 −52.0 −31.1

Tennessee .......................................... 47 − − 1 2 − 117.3

West South Central.............................. 113 78 47 39 24 43.4 46.5

Arkansas............................................ 113 78 47 39 24 43.4 46.5

Kentucky, Eastern ................................ 104,287 113,842 112,496 108,927 108,781 −8.4 −1.0

New England ....................................... 521 896 1,884 1,337 1,764 −41.9 −26.3

Connecticut ....................................... − 460 755 659 811 −100.0 −

Maine................................................. 168 194 412 271 258 −13.4 −10.2

Massachusetts.................................... 353 243 717 407 695 45.4 −15.6

Middle Atlantic.................................... 1,939 2,584 2,754 3,977 4,145 −25.0 −17.3

New Jersey........................................ 10 − 91 29 381 − −60.0

New York.......................................... 1,216 1,818 1,494 1,227 996 −33.1 5.1

Pennsylvania ..................................... 714 766 1,169 2,721 2,767 −6.8 −28.7

East North Central ............................... 20,031 20,641 21,644 20,340 22,832 −3.0 −3.2

Illinois ............................................... 1,236 661 2,327 1,478 1,442 87.0 −3.8

Indiana............................................... 2,942 2,753 2,065 1,962 2,397 6.9 5.3

Michigan ........................................... 6,040 7,413 6,759 6,671 6,977 −18.5 −3.5

Ohio................................................... 9,083 9,074 9,711 9,490 11,200 .1 −5.1

Wisconsin.......................................... 730 740 781 738 816 −1.2 −2.7

West North Central.............................. 671 499 543 889 611 34.4 2.4

Iowa................................................... 268 234 259 439 160 14.5 13.7

Minnesota.......................................... 142 89 136 135 211 60.0 −9.4

Missouri............................................. 261 170 145 315 238 53.7 2.4

Nebraska............................................ − − − − 3 − −

North Dakota..................................... * − − − −− −

South Dakota..................................... − 7 3 − − −100.0 −

South Atlantic ...................................... 61,708 66,795 65,034 63,554 57,820 −7.6 1.6

Delaware ........................................... 69 92 − − − −25.2 −

District of Columbia ......................... 3 − − − −− −

Florida ............................................... 13,804 13,902 14,342 14,015 12,121 −.7 3.3

Georgia.............................................. 16,450 16,507 15,913 14,689 15,803 −.3 1.0

Maryland ........................................... 108 349 139 105 29 −68.9 39.3

North Carolina .................................. 13,457 17,179 15,840 17,240 12,902 −21.7 1.1

South Carolina .................................. 11,724 13,060 12,100 11,417 10,007 −10.2 4.0

Virginia ............................................. 5,668 5,336 6,449 5,662 6,129 6.2 −1.9

West Virginia.................................... 425 370 250 426 829 14.8 −15.4

East South Central ............................... 18,964 22,110 20,070 18,182 20,332 −14.2 −1.7

Alabama ............................................ 415 1,039 727 727 1,434 −60.1 −26.7

Kentucky ........................................... 9,921 10,740 8,645 9,326 9,653 −7.6 .7

Mississippi......................................... 1,042 977 1,219 928 815 6.6 6.3

Tennessee .......................................... 7,587 9,355 9,480 7,202 8,430 −18.9 −2.6

West South Central.............................. 235 38 116 71 513 NM −17.7

Arkansas............................................ 20 − − − −− −

Louisiana ........................................... 16 11 78 44 500 50.2 −57.6

Oklahoma .......................................... 46 27 * 2 4 73.9 84.5

Texas ................................................. 153 − 38 26 8 − 106.1

Mountain .............................................. 11 − − − 2 − 54.8

Idaho.................................................. − − − − 2 − −

See footnotes at end of table.

90 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Kentucky, Eastern (Continued)

Nevada............................................... 11 − − − −− −

Pacific................................................... 7 14 16 24 15 −48.5 −16.2

Oregon............................................... 7 14 16 24 15 −48.5 −16.2

Maryland................................................ 3,875 4,058 3,880 3,555 3,382 −4.5 3.5

New England ....................................... −−− 3 32 − −

Connecticut ....................................... −−− 3 32 − −

Massachusetts .................................... −−− * −− −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 2 16 24 4 45 −89.7 −56.0

Pennsylvania ..................................... 2 16 24 4 45 −89.7 −56.0

East North Central ............................... −−− 19 −− −

Michigan ........................................... −−− 15 −− −

Wisconsin .......................................... −−− 3 −− −

South Atlantic ...................................... 3,873 4,022 3,847 3,518 3,297 −3.7 4.1

Delaware ........................................... 139 96 − 130 97 44.8 9.4

Maryland ........................................... 677 909 955 1,147 1,216 −25.4 −13.6

Virginia ............................................. − 40 163 27 12 −100.0 −

West Virginia.................................... 3,056 2,978 2,730 2,213 1,971 2.6 11.6

Ohio ........................................................ 23,068 26,503 29,024 28,609 24,318 −13.0 −1.3

New England ....................................... 7 − − − −− −

Connecticut ....................................... * − − − −− −

New Hampshire ................................ 7 − − − −− −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 394 457 770 1,168 1,568 −13.9 −29.2

New Jersey........................................ 16 − − − −− −

New York.......................................... 20 12 18 125 25 65.3 −5.4

Pennsylvania ..................................... 358 445 752 1,043 1,543 −19.5 −30.6

East North Central ............................... 20,851 23,486 25,162 25,201 20,912 −11.2 −.1

Illinois ............................................... −−− 5 −− −

Indiana............................................... 91 93 337 464 243 −2.3 −21.8

Michigan ........................................... 239 302 303 246 431 −20.8 −13.7

Ohio................................................... 20,521 23,091 24,521 24,478 20,228 −11.1 .4

Wisconsin .......................................... * * − 9 10 −48.9 −61.3

West North Central.............................. 5 14 7 − 10 −62.5 −14.8

Minnesota.......................................... 5 14 7 − − −62.5 −

Missouri............................................. − − − − 10 − −

South Atlantic ...................................... 1,651 1,670 2,323 2,036 1,620 −1.1 .5

Georgia.............................................. 42 − − − −− −

West Virginia.................................... 1,609 1,670 2,323 2,036 1,620 −3.6 −.2

East South Central ............................... 154 851 636 137 53 −81.9 30.8

Alabama ............................................ 31 4 69 103 18 NM 14.7

Kentucky ........................................... 123 848 567 30 14 −85.5 72.3

Tennessee .......................................... −−− 4 21 − −

Pennsylvania,

Anthracite........................................... 4,365 4,445 4,575 4,330 3,497 −1.8 5.7

New England ....................................... 26 29 35 31 37 −10.7 −8.5

Connecticut ....................................... 6 7 7 5 8 −14.1 −6.6

Maine................................................. 2 3 4 4 3 −12.7 −4.6

Massachusetts.................................... 10 10 14 14 16 −2.5 −11.3

New Hampshire ................................ 4 5 5 4 5 −16.9 −3.1

Rhode Island ..................................... 2 2 3 3 3 −25.7 −12.2

Vermont............................................. 2 2 2 2 3 −4.1 −9.6

Middle Atlantic.................................... 3,866 4,086 4,236 3,985 2,922 −5.4 7.3

New Jersey........................................ 10 14 15 14 15 −29.1 −8.5

New York.......................................... 79 92 130 151 140 −13.7 −13.2

Pennsylvania ..................................... 3,776 3,980 4,091 3,821 2,768 −5.1 8.1

East North Central ............................... 82 44 41 41 37 85.8 21.7

Illinois ............................................... 17 11 15 7 9 59.6 16.5

Indiana............................................... 44 15 7 6 6 194.8 66.8

Michigan ........................................... 2 1 1 3 9 51.4 −33.8

Ohio................................................... 11 11 13 19 8 −2.1 7.9

Wisconsin.......................................... 8 6 6 5 6 33.1 9.6

West North Central.............................. 60 55 52 64 46 8.9 6.8

Iowa................................................... 36 35 43 54 39 2.1 −1.8

Kansas ............................................... 1 1 1 * − 3.9 −

Minnesota.......................................... 6 7 4 7 7 −24.7 −5.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 91 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Pennsylvania,

Anthracite (Continued)

Missouri............................................. 9 * * * * NM 164.3

Nebraska............................................ 8 11 4 1 * −28.9 NM

North Dakota..................................... 1 * * 2 * NM 104.8

South Atlantic ...................................... 210 116 97 56 91 81.4 23.3

Delaware ........................................... 7 7 8 10 11 4.0 −9.6

District of Columbia ......................... * * * * * −46.9 −29.6

Florida ............................................... * 4 7 6 9 −92.7 −56.6

Georgia.............................................. 3 2 * * * 25.9 58.4

Maryland ........................................... 100 2 3 1 27 NM 38.8

North Carolina .................................. * 1 * * * −92.4 14.6

South Carolina .................................. 49 54 31 * 3 −9.0 106.3

Virginia ............................................. 3 3 6 6 9 −7.6 −25.7

West Virginia.................................... 48 42 41 32 31 12.7 11.1

East South Central ............................... 32 50 31 50 44 −36.2 −7.7

Alabama ............................................ 11 11 4 2 1 −1.3 67.4

Kentucky ........................................... 19 23 18 22 21 −14.7 −1.8

Mississippi......................................... * * * * * 28.3 24.8

Tennessee .......................................... 2 16 9 26 22 −89.0 −46.3

West South Central.............................. 6 9 11 8 12 −32.2 −15.4

Arkansas............................................ 1 2 * * * −63.4 46.3

Louisiana ........................................... * * 8 6 10 300.0 −86.0

Oklahoma .......................................... * * * * * −46.8 −19.2

Texas ................................................. 6 7 3 1 2 −23.6 35.6

Mountain .............................................. 23 21 26 21 13 9.7 15.9

Arizona.............................................. * 3 3 1 * −93.9 35.1

Colorado............................................ 18 18 20 16 12 1.9 11.1

Idaho .................................................. −−− * * − −

Montana ............................................. 3 − − 2 −− −

Nevada ............................................... −−− * −− −

New Mexico...................................... * * − * * 72.7 −25.0

Utah ................................................... − *3** −100.0 −

Wyoming ........................................... 2 * 2 1 − NM −

Pacific................................................... 18 15 14 12 12 17.8 10.1

California ........................................... * * 1 * * −35.6 84.5

Oregon............................................... 17 15 13 12 12 19.2 9.7

Washington ....................................... − − * − * − −

Pennsylvania,

Bituminous.......................................... 64,338 68,172 60,452 55,552 50,464 −5.6 6.3

New England ....................................... 763 1,034 1,214 1,021 1,009 −26.3 −6.8

Connecticut ....................................... 80 176 1 227 516 −54.3 −37.2

Maine ................................................. 12 7 7 − 32 78.9 −21.5

Massachusetts.................................... 115 74 497 202 4 55.5 135.2

New Hampshire ................................ 556 778 710 592 458 −28.6 5.0

Vermont ............................................. − − * * −− −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 38,879 43,477 41,194 40,063 37,612 −10.6 .8

New Jersey........................................ 446 534 567 538 558 −16.5 −5.4

New York.......................................... 5,296 5,006 3,884 4,125 3,675 5.8 9.6

Pennsylvania ..................................... 33,136 37,937 36,743 35,400 33,379 −12.7 −.2

East North Central ............................... 9,761 12,534 10,238 8,460 6,682 −22.1 9.9

Illinois ............................................... 97 50 − − − 93.4 −

Indiana............................................... 283 296 548 559 222 −4.4 6.3

Michigan ........................................... 3,340 4,025 2,876 2,075 2,650 −17.0 6.0

Ohio................................................... 5,042 6,021 4,756 4,463 2,707 −16.3 16.8

Wisconsin.......................................... 999 2,141 2,058 1,362 1,103 −53.3 −2.4

West North Central.............................. 254 240 178 248 228 5.8 2.7

Iowa................................................... 243 240 178 225 227 1.4 1.8

Minnesota .......................................... −−− 23 −− −

Missouri............................................. − − − − 1 − −

North Dakota..................................... 11 − − − −− −

South Atlantic ...................................... 11,438 9,508 5,783 3,968 3,377 20.3 35.7

Delaware ........................................... 425 1,210 655 528 452 −64.8 −1.5

District of Columbia ......................... − 2 − − −−100.0 −

Florida ............................................... 256 213 − − − 19.9 −

Georgia.............................................. 688 − − − −− −

Maryland ........................................... 3,076 3,029 1,921 1,602 1,741 1.5 15.3

See footnotes at end of table.

92 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Pennsylvania,

Bituminous (Continued)

South Carolina .................................. 26 − − − 6 − 42.0

Virginia ............................................. 633 402 226 5 20 57.4 137.0

West Virginia.................................... 6,334 4,651 2,982 1,833 1,157 36.2 53.0

East South Central ............................... 1,826 931 1,302 1,144 1,078 96.1 14.1

Alabama ............................................ 306 51 95 6 39 494.8 67.0

Kentucky ........................................... 589 196 344 500 363 200.6 12.8

Tennessee .......................................... 932 684 864 639 675 36.2 8.4

West South Central.............................. 68 42 11 195 6 63.8 85.2

Louisiana ........................................... 68 42 11 195 − 63.8 −

Texas ................................................. * * 1 * 6 95.6 −70.3

Mountain .............................................. 1,226 153 199 230 215 NM 54.6

Colorado............................................ 1,096 − − − −− −

Utah ................................................... 82 153 199 230 215 −46.3 −21.3

Wyoming........................................... 47 − − − −− −

Tennessee ............................................... 3,151 2,741 3,080 3,052 2,627 15.0 4.6

Middle Atlantic.................................... 11 − − − −− −

Pennsylvania ..................................... 11 − − − −− −

East North Central ............................... * − *** − −2.7

Michigan ........................................... − − − − * − −

Ohio................................................... * − * * * − 6.2

South Atlantic ...................................... 1,530 1,305 485 141 251 17.3 57.2

Delaware ........................................... 13 − − − −− −

Florida ............................................... 30 209 − − 39 −85.5 −6.3

Georgia.............................................. 811 693 403 141 189 17.1 44.0

North Carolina .................................. 354 22 45 1 23 NM 99.1

South Carolina .................................. 289 381 37 − − −24.2 −

West Virginia.................................... 33 − − − −− −

East South Central ............................... 1,601 1,435 2,593 2,902 2,363 11.6 −9.3

Alabama ............................................ 49 5 743 331 936 NM −52.3

Kentucky ........................................... 87 7 − 23 5 NM 106.2

Tennessee .......................................... 1,465 1,422 1,850 2,548 1,422 3.0 .8

Virginia................................................... 22,865 20,728 22,736 22,776 24,283 10.3 −1.5

New England ....................................... − 1 15 18 19 −100.0 −

Connecticut ....................................... − − 5 − −− −

Massachusetts .................................... − 1 − 8 − −100.0 −

New Hampshire ................................ − − 10 10 19 − −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 1,177 908 3,469 2,045 2,311 29.6 −15.5

New Jersey........................................ 734 700 805 601 635 4.8 3.7

New York.......................................... 93 4 13 146 362 NM −28.7

Pennsylvania ..................................... 350 204 2,651 1,299 1,314 71.5 −28.2

East North Central ............................... 2,735 2,563 3,484 3,237 3,557 6.7 −6.4

Illinois ............................................... 4 176 677 583 578 −97.5 −70.6

Indiana............................................... 1,739 1,526 1,587 2,290 2,395 13.9 −7.7

Michigan ........................................... * * * 25 83 256.3 −76.5

Ohio................................................... 991 861 1,220 331 493 15.2 19.1

Wisconsin.......................................... −−− 9 9 − −

West North Central.............................. −−−− 8 − −

Missouri............................................. − − − − 8 − −

South Atlantic ...................................... 15,754 13,999 12,147 13,507 14,600 12.5 1.9

Delaware ........................................... 182 146 179 166 152 25.0 4.6

Florida ............................................... 590 866 451 549 377 −31.8 11.8

Georgia.............................................. 4,475 2,893 1,860 1,785 2,064 54.7 21.3

Maryland ........................................... 1 * * 1 392 NM −78.9

North Carolina .................................. 700 735 840 1,883 4,056 −4.7 −35.5

South Carolina .................................. 1,138 1,342 1,492 1,605 1,468 −15.2 −6.2

Virginia ............................................. 8,355 7,602 6,854 7,231 5,657 9.9 10.2

West Virginia.................................... 314 415 471 287 433 −24.4 −7.8

East South Central ............................... 3,120 3,138 3,286 3,581 3,413 −.6 −2.2

Alabama ............................................ 601 857 1,057 1,036 1,083 −29.9 −13.7

Kentucky ........................................... − 3 18 3 142 −100.0 −

Mississippi ......................................... − 18 8 13 − −100.0 −

Tennessee .......................................... 2,519 2,260 2,203 2,529 2,187 11.4 3.6

West South Central.............................. 12 41 14 13 21 −69.3 −12.6

Louisiana ........................................... − − − − 21 − −

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 93 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Virginia (Continued)

Oklahoma .......................................... − 19 − − − −100.0 −

Texas ................................................. 12 21 14 13 − −41.5 −

Mountain .............................................. 58 27 298 332 313 119.4 −34.3

Utah ................................................... 58 27 298 332 313 119.4 −34.3

Pacific ................................................... − − * − −− −

California ........................................... − − * − −− −

West Virginia, Northern ...................... 37,259 40,410 41,494 40,398 36,073 −7.8 .8

New England ....................................... 794 914 1,161 1,070 918 −13.1 −3.6

Connecticut ....................................... 614 667 687 683 572 −7.9 1.8

Maine ................................................. − − 1 13 9 − −

Massachusetts .................................... 3 40 132 53 113 −92.2 −59.2

New Hampshire ................................ 177 208 340 322 225 −14.9 −5.8

Middle Atlantic.................................... 11,453 14,400 14,973 14,276 13,740 −20.5 −4.4

New Jersey........................................ 1,379 1,463 1,365 1,530 1,182 −5.8 3.9

New York.......................................... 2,565 4,018 4,708 4,140 4,040 −36.2 −10.7

Pennsylvania ..................................... 7,510 8,918 8,900 8,606 8,518 −15.8 −3.1

East North Central ............................... 6,768 6,267 5,513 5,410 2,887 8.0 23.7

Illinois ............................................... 4 88 − 9 51 −95.4 −47.0

Indiana............................................... 338 485 157 479 38 −30.3 72.3

Michigan ........................................... 568 704 679 640 437 −19.3 6.8

Ohio................................................... 5,764 4,630 4,155 3,966 1,977 24.5 30.7

Wisconsin.......................................... 94 360 522 317 384 −73.9 −29.7

West North Central.............................. 3 34 − * 3 −90.8 −.5

Minnesota.......................................... − − − − 3 − −

Missouri............................................. 3 34 − − − −90.8 −

North Dakota..................................... −−− * −− −

South Atlantic ...................................... 16,359 16,983 17,631 17,820 17,213 −3.7 −1.3

Delaware ........................................... 193 513 442 449 737 −62.4 −28.5

District of Columbia ......................... − − 365 − −

Florida ............................................... 855 664 610 551 259 28.8 34.8

Maryland ........................................... 4,787 4,146 4,862 4,773 3,341 15.5 9.4

North Carolina .................................. −−− 13 −− −

South Carolina .................................. 106 − − 3 −− −

Virginia ............................................. 421 738 635 66 30 −42.9 93.8

West Virginia.................................... 9,996 10,921 11,080 11,959 12,841 −8.5 −6.1

East South Central ............................... 1,692 1,602 1,866 1,522 1,178 5.6 9.5

Alabama ............................................ 250 396 442 419 604 −36.8 −19.8

Kentucky ........................................... 1,441 1,206 1,424 1,026 527 19.5 28.6

Tennessee .......................................... −−− 78 46 − −

West South Central.............................. 174 102 282 203 − 71.5 −

Louisiana ........................................... 155 101 282 203 − 53.2 −

Oklahoma .......................................... * − − − −− −

Texas ................................................. 19 1 − − − NM −

Mountain .............................................. − − − − * − −

Nevada............................................... − − − − * − −

West Virginia,

Southern.............................................. 97,624 94,671 92,284 86,757 84,793 3.1 3.6

New England ....................................... 1,005 2,515 1,909 1,853 1,404 −60.0 −8.0

Connecticut ....................................... 101 76 135 24 − 32.3 −

Maine ................................................. * − * 13 −− −

Massachusetts.................................... 870 2,430 1,774 1,792 1,330 −64.2 −10.0

New Hampshire ................................ 34 8 − 24 74 297.8 −17.9

Rhode Island ..................................... − − * − −− −

Vermont............................................. * * − − − −11.1 −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 8,560 9,006 8,702 7,391 7,170 −4.9 4.5

New Jersey........................................ 212 214 492 216 165 −.6 6.5

New York.......................................... 1,217 1,477 1,560 1,545 1,466 −17.6 −4.5

Pennsylvania ..................................... 7,130 7,315 6,651 5,630 5,538 −2.5 6.5

East North Central ............................... 34,921 30,360 29,392 30,404 28,905 15.0 4.8

Illinois ............................................... 1,545 1,753 1,807 1,841 1,400 −11.9 2.5

Indiana............................................... 7,146 5,882 5,773 4,809 5,142 21.5 8.6

Michigan ........................................... 5,375 5,150 5,415 4,869 4,416 4.4 5.0

Ohio................................................... 20,737 17,514 16,057 18,770 17,566 18.4 4.2

Wisconsin.......................................... 118 60 340 115 381 95.6 −25.3

West North Central.............................. 3,931 304 245 113 313 NM 88.2

See footnotes at end of table.

94 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

West Virginia,

Southern (Continued)

Iowa ................................................... 3,531 160 119 44 119 NM 133.3

Minnesota.......................................... 94 116 87 32 107 −18.6 −3.2

Missouri............................................. 305 23 39 36 85 NM 37.6

Nebraska............................................ − 5 − − − −100.0 −

North Dakota..................................... − − − − * − −

South Dakota..................................... −−− 1 2 − −

South Atlantic ...................................... 39,228 42,145 42,166 37,986 36,164 −6.9 2.0

Delaware ........................................... 332 376 450 551 485 −11.6 −9.0

District of Columbia ......................... 6 6 37 17 − .1 −

Florida ............................................... 1,760 1,570 1,896 1,123 1,341 12.1 7.0

Georgia.............................................. 3,713 4,782 4,969 4,064 4,159 −22.4 −2.8

Maryland ........................................... 4,245 2,735 2,607 3,132 3,209 55.2 7.2

North Carolina .................................. 10,266 9,780 9,740 8,274 7,169 5.0 9.4

South Carolina .................................. 840 815 100 347 257 3.0 34.4

Virginia ............................................. 4,249 4,552 4,306 3,217 3,367 −6.7 6.0

West Virginia.................................... 13,817 17,529 18,061 17,261 16,177 −21.2 −3.9

East South Central ............................... 9,571 9,676 9,269 8,677 10,433 −1.1 −2.1

Alabama ............................................ 1,906 2,268 3,078 2,922 3,487 −16.0 −14.0

Kentucky ........................................... 7,352 6,991 5,540 4,250 5,330 5.2 8.4

Mississippi......................................... 140 38 20 24 44 263.6 33.3

Tennessee .......................................... 173 378 631 1,482 1,571 −54.3 −42.4

West South Central.............................. 161 148 66 81 48 8.8 35.1

Louisiana ........................................... − 27 18 − − −100.0 −

Oklahoma .......................................... 13 121 47 77 48 −89.0 −27.5

Texas ................................................. 148 − 2 4 −− −

Mountain .............................................. 173 181 229 18 206 −4.4 −4.2

Idaho.................................................. − 20 − − − −100.0 −

Nevada............................................... * 36 − − − −100.0 −

Utah ................................................... 173 125 229 18 206 38.4 −4.2

Pacific................................................... 19 − 10 28 2 − 79.5

Oregon............................................... 19 − 10 2 2 − 79.5

Washington ....................................... −−− 26 −− −

Interior Total............................................ 162,379 167,285 167,821 165,668 162,947 −2.9 −.1

Arkansas................................................. 22 23 9 7 11 −2.3 18.3

West North Central.............................. 16 19 1 − −−15.5 −

Missouri............................................. 16 19 1 − − −15.5 −

South Atlantic ...................................... − 1 − − − −100.0 −

Maryland ........................................... − 1 − − − −100.0 −

West South Central.............................. 6 3 8 7 11 100.4 −13.4

Arkansas............................................ 4 − 4 7 11 − −23.5

Texas ................................................. 3 3 4 − − −21.4 −

Illinois..................................................... 40,102 39,447 40,447 45,190 45,170 1.7 −2.9

New England ....................................... − − − − * − −

Connecticut ....................................... − − − − * − −

Middle Atlantic.................................... 63 − * * * − 255.2

New Jersey........................................ −−− * * − −

New York.......................................... 63 − − * * − 286.1

Pennsylvania ..................................... * − * * * − .2

East North Central ............................... 23,589 21,808 23,224 25,316 25,629 8.2 −2.0

Illinois ............................................... 17,592 16,652 18,085 16,052 15,587 5.6 3.1

Indiana............................................... 5,162 4,184 4,272 8,178 8,559 23.4 −11.9

Michigan ........................................... −−− 59 70 − −

Ohio ................................................... − 2 − 18 1 −100.0 −

Wisconsin.......................................... 835 969 868 1,008 1,412 −13.9 −12.3

West North Central.............................. 4,404 3,767 3,934 5,347 6,270 16.9 −8.4

Iowa................................................... 2,061 949 731 694 1,216 117.2 14.1

Kansas ............................................... − 41 129 149 128 −100.0 −

Minnesota.......................................... 72 104 176 100 111 −30.5 −10.2

Missouri............................................. 2,271 2,674 2,897 4,403 4,815 −15.1 −17.1

North Dakota..................................... − * * − −−100.0 −

South Atlantic ...................................... 4,914 6,941 6,612 7,255 6,651 −29.2 −7.3

Florida ............................................... 4,300 6,265 5,585 6,052 6,056 −31.4 −8.2

Georgia.............................................. 614 676 1,027 1,204 584 −9.1 1.3

Maryland ........................................... − − − − 5 − −

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 95 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Illinois (Continued)

North Carolina .................................. − − * − * − −

Virginia ............................................. −−− * * − −

West Virginia.................................... − * − − 6 −100.0 −

East South Central ............................... 6,314 5,795 5,600 7,130 6,510 8.9 −0.8

Alabama ............................................ 1,338 809 1,348 2,155 1,146 65.4 3.9

Kentucky ........................................... 395 686 152 1 274 −42.4 9.6

Mississippi......................................... 1,472 1,538 1,228 1,749 1,304 −4.3 3.1

Tennessee .......................................... 3,109 2,762 2,872 3,225 3,787 12.6 −4.8

West South Central.............................. 1 1,125 1,055 86 86 −99.9 −68.5

Arkansas............................................ − 12 67 76 76 −100.0 −

Louisiana ........................................... − 1,113 987 − − −100.0 −

Oklahoma .......................................... 1 − 1 10 10 − −45.9

Mountain .............................................. −−− 40 −− −

Colorado ............................................ −−− 40 −− −

Indiana ................................................... 34,215 36,774 34,805 29,664 25,625 −7.0 7.5

New England ....................................... −−− * −− −

Connecticut ....................................... −−− * −− −

East North Central ............................... 32,114 35,079 32,267 26,318 22,461 −8.4 9.3

Illinois ............................................... 1,004 1,807 1,920 1,444 963 −44.4 1.1

Indiana............................................... 30,742 32,872 29,916 24,309 21,185 −6.5 9.8

Michigan ........................................... 68 148 162 181 180 −54.1 −21.6

Ohio................................................... 72 7 4 34 26 NM 28.5

Wisconsin.......................................... 228 245 265 350 106 −6.7 21.0

West North Central.............................. 198 478 359 655 454 −58.7 −18.8

Iowa................................................... 109 259 347 638 435 −57.9 −29.2

Minnesota.......................................... 83 67 4 − − 23.0 −

Missouri............................................. 6 152 8 17 19 −96.0 −25.3

South Atlantic ...................................... − 41 − − − −100.0 −

Florida ............................................... − 41 − − − −100.0 −

East South Central ............................... 1,887 1,139 2,148 2,677 2,586 65.6 −7.6

Alabama ............................................ −−− 26 1 − −

Kentucky ........................................... 1,887 1,093 2,148 2,610 2,466 72.7 −6.5

Tennessee .......................................... − 47 − 41 119 −100.0 −

West South Central.............................. 1 1261 65.9 3.0

Oklahoma .......................................... 1 1 * 4 − 65.9 −

Texas ................................................. − − 2 2 1 − −

Kansas .................................................... 408 440 434 245 291 −7.4 8.8

West North Central.............................. 408 440 434 233 291 −7.4 8.8

Kansas ............................................... 406 366 354 164 160 10.8 26.1

Missouri............................................. 2 74 80 69 131 −97.5 −65.7

West South Central.............................. −−− 12 −− −

Oklahoma .......................................... −−− 12 −− −

Kentucky, Western ............................... 29,710 32,329 33,030 34,821 32,990 −8.1 −2.6

New England ....................................... − 55 − − − −100.0 −

Maine................................................. − 55 − − − −100.0 −

Middle Atlantic.................................... − 26 − − − −100.0 −

New Jersey........................................ − 26 − − − −100.0 −

East North Central ............................... 479 772 575 1,016 542 −37.9 −3.0

Illinois ............................................... 155 324 103 119 − −52.1 −

Indiana............................................... 45 270 257 680 243 −83.4 −34.5

Michigan ........................................... − 14 − − − −100.0 −

Ohio................................................... 58 − 30 31 103 − −13.4

Wisconsin.......................................... 221 164 185 187 196 35.3 3.1

West North Central.............................. 148 719 350 237 101 −79.4 10.2

Iowa................................................... 122 504 320 211 75 −75.9 12.8

Minnesota.......................................... 15 4 − 22 19 249.9 −5.6

Missouri............................................. 11 211 30 5 6 −94.6 15.9

South Atlantic ...................................... 1,414 3,319 3,806 3,254 2,375 −57.4 −12.2

Florida ............................................... 1,414 2,255 3,804 3,254 2,375 −37.3 −12.2

Maryland ........................................... − − 2 − −− −

Virginia ............................................. * 1,064 * * − −100.0 −

East South Central ............................... 27,155 26,770 28,155 29,605 29,927 1.4 −2.4

Alabama ............................................ 1,873 1,816 1,798 3,142 1,717 3.1 2.2

Kentucky ........................................... 16,019 18,950 14,169 16,375 17,488 −15.5 −2.2

See footnotes at end of table.

96 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Kentucky, Western (Continued)

Mississippi ......................................... 78 3 − 107 − NM −

Tennessee .......................................... 9,185 6,000 12,188 9,981 10,723 53.1 −3.8

West South Central.............................. 262 661 112 657 13 −60.3 111.6

Arkansas............................................ − − 4 11 13 − −

Louisiana ........................................... 262 661 108 646 − −60.3 −

Louisiana................................................ 2,952 3,331 3,545 3,222 3,426 −11.4 −3.6

West South Central.............................. 2,952 3,331 3,545 3,222 3,426 −11.4 −3.6

Louisiana ........................................... 2,952 3,331 3,545 3,222 3,426 −11.4 −3.6

Mississippi.............................................. 18 − − − −− −

East South Central ............................... 18 − − − −− −

Mississippi......................................... 18 − − − −− −

Missouri.................................................. 392 296 401 846 464 32.4 −4.1

West North Central.............................. 392 281 389 846 464 39.5 −4.1

Kansas ............................................... 1 1 40 345 91 105.2 −64.5

Missouri............................................. 391 281 349 501 373 39.3 1.2

West South Central.............................. − 15 9 − −−100.0 −

Arkansas............................................ − 15 9 − − −100.0 −

Oklahoma............................................... 1,657 1,731 1,688 2,136 2,158 −4.3 −6.4

West North Central.............................. 82 153 110 63 31 −46.5 26.9

Kansas ............................................... 82 153 110 63 31 −46.5 27.1

Missouri............................................. − − − − * − −

East South Central ............................... −−−− 2 − −

Kentucky ........................................... − − − − 2 − −

West South Central.............................. 1,575 1,570 1,568 2,066 2,121 .3 −7.2

Arkansas............................................ 66 71 160 170 159 −7.3 −19.8

Oklahoma .......................................... 1,453 1,411 1,260 1,712 1,790 3.0 −5.1

Texas ................................................. 56 88 148 184 171 −36.2 −24.2

Texas....................................................... 52,903 52,913 53,463 49,538 52,812 * *

East North Central ............................... 46 − − − −− −

Illinois ............................................... 12 − − − −− −

Michigan ........................................... 23 − − − −− −

Ohio................................................... 7 − − − −− −

Wisconsin.......................................... 4 − − − −− −

West South Central.............................. 52,855 52,913 53,463 49,538 52,812 −.1 *

Louisiana ........................................... − 144 − − − −100.0 −

Texas ................................................. 52,855 52,769 53,463 49,538 52,812 .2 *

Western Total........................................... 502,623 481,137 439,713 428,297 420,132 4.5 4.6

Alaska..................................................... 1,036 970 743 697 815 6.8 6.2

Pacific................................................... 1,036 970 743 697 815 6.8 6.2

Alaska................................................ 1,036 970 743 697 815 6.8 6.2

Arizona ................................................... 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 3.7 1.7

Mountain .............................................. 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 3.7 1.7

Arizona.............................................. 8,129 7,680 6,646 6,499 6,956 5.8 4.0

Nevada............................................... 4,494 4,489 4,398 4,470 4,827 .1 −1.8

Colorado................................................. 28,198 27,541 25,445 23,990 24,734 2.4 3.3

New England ....................................... − − 107 − −− −

Vermont............................................. − − 107 − −− −

East North Central ............................... 606 2,680 1,873 1,366 2,333 −77.4 −28.6

Illinois ............................................... 330 2,433 1,196 640 1,628 −86.4 −32.9

Indiana............................................... − 51 − − 20 −100.0 −

Michigan ........................................... 55 176 10 − 44 −68.7 5.8

Wisconsin.......................................... 221 20 667 726 641 NM −23.4

West North Central.............................. 2,849 1,994 2,879 3,218 3,109 42.8 −2.2

Iowa................................................... 475 595 644 591 550 −20.1 −3.6

Kansas ............................................... 587 1,289 1,264 1,493 1,436 −54.4 −20.0

Minnesota.......................................... − − − − 13 − −

Missouri............................................. 1,766 14 907 1,077 1,005 NM 15.1

Nebraska............................................ 20 97 65 56 104 −79.1 −33.7

South Atlantic ...................................... −−− 136 811 − −

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 97 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Colorado (Continued)

Florida ............................................... −−− 136 811 − −

East South Central ............................... 6,968 4,453 3,349 3,817 2,797 56.5 25.6

Alabama ............................................ − 427 − − − −100.0 −

Kentucky ........................................... 2,946 1,962 190 260 1,098 50.1 28.0

Mississippi......................................... 1,101 − 35 519 963 − 3.4

Tennessee .......................................... 2,920 2,064 3,125 3,038 736 41.5 41.1

West South Central.............................. 2,961 3,314 2,296 2,443 2,258 −10.6 7.0

Arkansas............................................ 10 5 29 − − 99.5 −

Oklahoma .......................................... − − − − 31 − −

Texas ................................................. 2,951 3,309 2,267 2,443 2,228 −10.8 7.3

Mountain .............................................. 14,780 15,004 14,792 12,861 13,353 −1.5 2.6

Arizona.............................................. 630 467 74 355 105 34.8 56.3

Colorado............................................ 12,294 11,993 12,307 10,704 11,820 2.5 1.0

Idaho.................................................. − − − − 3 − −

Montana............................................. − 6 − − − −100.0 −

Nevada............................................... − 20 69 132 161 −100.0 −

New Mexico...................................... 99 131 99 88 97 −24.3 .4

Utah ................................................... 1,610 2,238 2,111 1,204 1,113 −28.1 9.7

Wyoming........................................... 148 149 131 378 53 −1.1 28.9

Pacific................................................... 25 85 138 131 37 −70.5 −9.5

Alaska................................................ 15 − − − −− −

California ........................................... 10 78 47 − 1 −87.5 80.8

Oregon............................................... − − 67 94 −− −

Washington ....................................... − 7 24 37 36 −100.0 −

Montana ................................................. 40,649 41,860 40,363 37,770 39,362 −2.9 .8

East North Central ............................... 13,681 13,719 16,361 15,814 16,582 −.3 −4.7

Illinois ............................................... 1,769 1,679 1,545 2,162 2,713 5.4 −10.1

Indiana............................................... 1,308 126 1,259 869 720 NM 16.1

Michigan ........................................... 9,952 9,861 10,866 9,806 11,014 .9 −2.5

Ohio................................................... 168 − 42 26 −− −

Wisconsin.......................................... 482 2,053 2,649 2,950 2,135 −76.5 −31.0

West North Central.............................. 13,121 13,289 11,372 11,622 11,338 −1.3 3.7

Iowa ................................................... − 136 105 − 2 −100.0 −

Kansas ............................................... 1,319 379 104 − − 248.2 −

Minnesota.......................................... 9,429 10,477 8,847 9,791 10,199 −10.0 −1.9

Missouri............................................. − − − − 6 − −

Nebraska............................................ − 81 47 113 205 −100.0 −

North Dakota..................................... 877 517 402 417 469 69.5 16.9

South Dakota..................................... 1,496 1,698 1,867 1,301 457 −11.9 34.5

East South Central ............................... 1,926 2,833 3,235 2,226 1,234 −32.0 11.8

Mississippi......................................... 1,926 2,833 3,235 2,226 1,234 −32.0 11.8

Mountain .............................................. 10,415 10,516 9,052 7,995 9,611 −1.0 2.0

Arizona.............................................. 69 94 − − − −26.1 −

Colorado............................................ −−− 26 63 − −

Montana............................................. 10,346 10,360 9,019 7,844 9,477 −.1 2.2

Wyoming ........................................... − 62 34 125 71 −100.0 −

Pacific................................................... 1,507 1,503 333 113 583 .3 26.8

Oregon............................................... 1,507 − − − −− −

Washington ....................................... − 1,503 333 113 583 −100.0 −

New Mexico ........................................... 28,450 28,026 27,352 25,035 25,640 1.5 2.6

East North Central ............................... 216 466 523 732 1,591 −53.7 −39.3

Wisconsin.......................................... 216 466 523 732 1,591 −53.7 −39.3

West North Central.............................. − − 68 92 −− −

Nebraska............................................ − − 68 92 −− −

West South Central.............................. 459 591 482 334 160 −22.4 30.2

Arkansas ............................................ −−− 1 −− −

Oklahoma .......................................... 64 119 108 17 − −46.2 −

Texas ................................................. 395 472 375 316 160 −16.4 25.4

Mountain .............................................. 27,770 26,968 26,279 23,877 23,889 3.0 3.8

Arizona.............................................. 11,346 11,138 10,492 8,860 9,259 1.9 5.2

Colorado ............................................ 1 11 − 9 − −90.4 −

New Mexico...................................... 16,423 15,819 15,786 15,009 14,630 3.8 2.9

Pacific................................................... 6 − − − −− −

California........................................... 6 − − − −− −

See footnotes at end of table.

98 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

North Dakota......................................... 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,118 1.2 0.7

West North Central.............................. 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,113 1.2 .7

North Dakota..................................... 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 28,838 1.2 1.8

South Dakota..................................... − − − − 1,276 − −

Utah ........................................................ 23,402 24,229 22,857 18,563 21,591 −3.4 2.0

New England ....................................... − − 90 − 17 − −

Connecticut ....................................... − − − − 17 − −

Massachusetts.................................... − − 90 − −− −

Middle Atlantic.................................... − * − − 20 −100.0 −

Pennsylvania ..................................... − * − − 20 −100.0 −

East North Central ............................... 1,507 2,266 1,518 2,650 1,932 −33.5 −6.0

Illinois ............................................... 1,507 2,266 1,446 2,473 1,776 −33.5 −4.0

Michigan ........................................... −−− 44 76 − −

Wisconsin .......................................... − − 72 133 81 − −

West North Central.............................. 102 10 140 330 395 NM −28.7

Kansas ............................................... * * − − * 4.3 −23.2

Minnesota.......................................... − − − − 1 − −

Missouri............................................. 99 10 140 330 393 NM −29.1

Nebraska............................................ 3 − − − −− −

North Dakota..................................... * − − − −− −

East South Central ............................... 1,142 996 1,521 1,421 1,095 14.6 1.0

Tennessee .......................................... 1,142 996 1,521 1,421 1,095 14.6 1.0

West South Central.............................. 105 −−− 4 − 126.4

Texas ................................................. 105 − − − 4 − 126.4

Mountain .............................................. 14,909 16,090 16,710 11,791 15,163 −7.3 −.4

Arizona.............................................. − − 78 69 80 − −

Colorado............................................ 3 3 3 2 6 −17.6 −15.3

Idaho.................................................. 66 121 39 65 141 −45.4 −17.3

Montana ............................................. 4 3 27 − 9 26.5 −18.2

Nevada............................................... 3,857 3,431 2,626 2,265 2,150 12.4 15.7

New Mexico...................................... * − − − −− −

Utah ................................................... 10,979 12,531 13,936 9,389 12,755 −12.4 −3.7

Wyoming ........................................... * − − * 22 − −79.3

Pacific................................................... 5,628 4,837 2,865 2,366 2,965 16.3 17.4

California........................................... 5,130 4,711 2,718 2,240 2,838 8.9 15.9

Hawaii ............................................... − 34 21 − − −100.0 −

Oregon ............................................... 431 1 7 * 2 NM 309.6

Washington ....................................... 67 92 119 125 126 −27.0 −14.5

Washington ............................................ 4,074 4,622 4,481 4,526 4,756 −11.8 −3.8

Pacific................................................... 4,074 4,622 4,481 4,526 4,756 −11.8 −3.8

Oregon ............................................... − − *32 − −

Washington ....................................... 4,074 4,622 4,480 4,523 4,754 −11.8 −3.8

Wyoming ................................................ 333,253 311,162 278,255 276,723 261,333 7.1 6.3

New England ....................................... − 33 − − − −100.0 −

Connecticut ....................................... − 33 − − − −100.0 −

East North Central ............................... 75,706 72,475 65,944 62,041 55,223 4.5 8.2

Illinois ............................................... 23,311 20,866 20,528 17,734 15,480 11.7 10.8

Indiana............................................... 14,315 17,282 16,451 18,079 18,306 −17.2 −6.0

Michigan ........................................... 10,462 11,936 9,558 8,551 7,543 −12.3 8.5

Ohio ................................................... 3,840 2,435 1,481 37 − 57.7 −

Wisconsin.......................................... 23,778 19,956 17,925 17,640 13,895 19.1 14.4

West North Central.............................. 95,949 94,146 81,627 82,593 77,051 1.9 5.6

Iowa................................................... 24,100 20,690 17,593 18,121 16,955 16.5 9.2

Kansas ............................................... 13,751 14,373 11,759 11,772 14,243 −4.3 −.9

Minnesota.......................................... 8,968 8,568 9,224 8,569 8,816 4.7 .4

Missouri............................................. 35,958 38,358 33,300 33,312 25,731 −6.3 8.7

Nebraska............................................ 12,226 11,661 9,198 10,464 10,065 4.8 5.0

North Dakota..................................... − 65 144 * * −100.0 −

South Dakota..................................... 947 430 410 355 1,241 120.1 −6.6

South Atlantic ...................................... 8,372 7,069 6,705 7,409 7,432 18.4 3.0

Florida ............................................... 416 1,064 971 591 − −60.9 −

Georgia.............................................. 6,805 5,950 5,688 6,818 6,796 14.4 *

Maryland ........................................... − − − − 636 − −

North Carolina .................................. 28 − 40 − −− −

South Carolina .................................. 1,122 − − − −− −

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 99 
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

Wyoming (Continued)

Virginia ............................................. − 55 − − − −100.0 −

West Virginia.................................... − − 7 − −− −

East South Central ............................... 15,210 10,235 7,826 4,010 2,970 48.6 50.4

Alabama ............................................ 10,679 6,017 5,205 3,686 2,950 77.5 37.9

Kentucky ........................................... 1,789 − − − −− −

Mississippi ......................................... − 468 291 26 − −100.0 −

Tennessee .......................................... 2,743 3,750 2,330 298 20 −26.8 242.5

West South Central.............................. 94,975 88,046 80,727 86,413 82,918 7.9 3.4

Arkansas............................................ 15,167 13,353 11,600 14,614 14,033 13.6 2.0

Louisiana ........................................... 11,130 10,346 9,628 9,209 10,309 7.6 1.9

Oklahoma .......................................... 21,063 19,258 18,462 19,751 20,326 9.4 .9

Texas ................................................. 47,614 45,089 41,037 42,839 38,250 5.6 5.6

Mountain .............................................. 40,727 37,068 34,418 33,363 32,950 9.9 5.4

Arizona.............................................. 142 368 57 − − −61.4 −

Colorado............................................ 11,077 8,132 6,692 6,124 5,602 36.2 18.6

Idaho.................................................. 249 392 324 268 293 −36.4 −3.9

Montana............................................. 724 457 572 513 193 58.5 39.2

Nevada............................................... − − 17 204 342 − −

Utah ................................................... 15 * * 1 * NM 357.6

Wyoming........................................... 28,519 27,719 26,756 26,253 26,521 2.9 1.8

Pacific................................................... 2,311 2,063 996 894 2,775 12.0 −4.5

California........................................... 189 − 29 − −− −

Oregon............................................... 2,040 2,062 966 894 1,485 −1.1 8.3

Washington ....................................... 83 1 1 1 1,290 NM −49.7

U.S. Total .................................................. 1,041,823 1,042,236 995,664 967,693 940,423 * 2.6

New England ....................................... 3,116 5,478 6,414 5,334 5,199 −43.1 −12.0

Connecticut ....................................... 801 1,418 1,590 1,602 1,955 −43.5 −20.0

Maine................................................. 182 258 423 301 302 −29.4 −11.9

Massachusetts.................................... 1,351 2,798 3,225 2,475 2,157 −51.7 −11.0

New Hampshire ................................ 777 1,000 1,064 951 780 −22.2 −.1

Rhode Island ..................................... 2 2 3 3 3 −25.7 −12.2

Vermont............................................. 2 2 110 2 3 −4.2 −9.3

Middle Atlantic.................................... 66,499 74,961 76,487 73,489 70,149 −11.3 −1.3

New Jersey........................................ 2,807 2,952 3,334 2,927 2,936 −4.9 −1.1

New York.......................................... 10,550 12,427 11,807 11,459 10,705 −15.1 −.4

Pennsylvania ..................................... 53,143 59,582 61,345 59,103 56,509 −10.8 −1.5

East North Central ............................... 244,466 245,289 237,757 228,473 212,105 −.3 3.6

Illinois ............................................... 48,583 48,838 49,647 44,547 41,626 −.5 3.9

Indiana............................................... 65,457 65,893 62,630 62,741 59,476 −.7 2.4

Michigan ........................................... 36,125 39,731 36,629 33,186 33,928 −9.1 1.6

Ohio................................................... 66,294 63,646 61,990 61,713 54,310 4.2 5.1

Wisconsin.......................................... 28,007 27,180 26,860 26,285 22,766 3.0 5.3

West North Central.............................. 153,530 147,000 131,862 136,573 130,836 4.4 4.1

Iowa................................................... 30,946 23,803 20,339 21,017 19,777 30.0 11.8

Kansas ............................................... 16,147 16,601 13,761 13,987 16,091 −2.7 .1

Minnesota.......................................... 18,814 19,447 18,485 18,679 19,488 −3.3 −.9

Missouri............................................. 41,098 42,019 37,897 40,064 32,821 −2.2 5.8

Nebraska............................................ 12,257 11,855 9,382 10,726 10,377 3.4 4.3

North Dakota..................................... 31,826 31,139 29,717 30,444 29,307 2.2 2.1

South Dakota..................................... 2,443 2,135 2,281 1,657 2,976 14.4 −4.8

South Atlantic ...................................... 166,646 174,010 166,712 161,026 151,954 −4.2 2.3

Delaware ........................................... 1,362 2,440 1,734 1,834 1,933 −44.2 −8.4

District of Columbia ......................... 9 8 40 23 6 17.2 12.2

Florida ............................................... 23,426 27,078 27,692 26,285 23,505 −13.5 −.1

Georgia.............................................. 33,795 31,576 29,910 29,074 29,730 7.0 3.3

Maryland ........................................... 12,996 11,171 10,489 10,762 10,596 16.3 5.2

North Carolina .................................. 24,805 27,717 26,505 27,414 24,149 −10.5 .7

South Carolina .................................. 15,293 15,651 13,761 13,373 11,745 −2.3 6.8

Virginia ............................................. 19,328 19,792 18,638 16,214 15,225 −2.3 6.1

West Virginia.................................... 35,632 38,576 37,945 36,047 35,065 −7.6 .4

East South Central ............................... 111,684 109,919 108,483 105,708 104,194 1.6 1.8

Alabama ............................................ 31,482 31,530 32,056 33,057 31,440 −.1 *

Kentucky ........................................... 42,567 42,704 33,215 34,438 37,382 −.3 3.3

Mississippi......................................... 5,812 5,949 6,141 5,702 4,516 −2.3 6.5

Tennessee .......................................... 31,822 29,736 37,071 32,510 30,856 7.0 .8

West South Central.............................. 156,923 152,028 143,816 145,394 144,435 3.2 2.1

See footnotes at end of table.

100 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 59. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Coal-Producing Region and

State, and Destination Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Coal-Producing Region and State, Percent Percent Change and Destination Census Division 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change

 and State 1998-1999 1995-1999

U.S. Total (Continued)

Arkansas............................................ 15,380 13,536 11,921 14,918 14,317 13.6 1.8

Louisiana ........................................... 14,584 15,776 14,663 13,526 14,267 −7.5 .5

Oklahoma .......................................... 22,642 20,957 19,879 21,584 22,210 8.0 .5

Texas ................................................. 104,316 101,759 97,353 95,367 93,642 2.5 2.7

Mountain .............................................. 122,716 118,198 113,046 101,497 107,497 3.8 3.4

Arizona.............................................. 20,317 19,751 17,351 15,785 16,401 2.9 5.5

Colorado............................................ 24,490 20,158 19,022 16,920 17,502 21.5 8.8

Idaho.................................................. 315 533 363 333 440 −40.8 −8.0

Montana............................................. 11,077 10,825 9,617 8,359 9,678 2.3 3.4

Nevada............................................... 8,363 7,976 7,110 7,072 7,479 4.8 2.8

New Mexico...................................... 16,521 15,950 15,886 15,097 14,727 3.6 2.9

Utah ................................................... 12,918 15,074 16,775 11,175 14,602 −14.3 −3.0

Wyoming........................................... 28,715 27,930 26,922 26,757 26,668 2.8 1.9

Pacific................................................... 14,631 14,108 9,596 8,790 11,962 3.7 5.2

Alaska................................................ 1,051 970 743 697 815 8.4 6.6

California........................................... 5,335 4,789 2,794 2,240 2,839 11.4 17.1

Hawaii ............................................... − 34 21 − − −100.0 −

Oregon............................................... 4,021 2,092 1,079 1,028 1,518 92.2 27.6

Washington ....................................... 4,224 6,224 4,958 4,825 6,790 −32.1 −11.2

* Data round to zero.

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Destination State totals may not sum to the Coal-Producing State totals due to unknown or unavailable Destination State(s), and as a result U.S.

Total may not equal sum of Destination State(s). Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 101 
Table 60. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States

and Destination, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Alabama .................................................... 3,307 4,801 5,813 4,864 6,032 −31.1 −13.9

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 880 701 898 703 574 25.5 11.3

Brazil....................................................... 821 570 901 566 564 44.1 9.8

Bulgaria................................................... − 145 244 208 128 −100.0 −

Denmark.................................................. − − − − 26 − −

Egypt....................................................... − − − − 111 − −

Germany, FR .......................................... − 103 224 184 201 −100.0 −

Italy ......................................................... 376 417 491 659 930 −10.0 −20.3

Japan ....................................................... 199 349 459 861 1,358 −43.0 −38.1

Netherlands ............................................. 258 345 303 73 276 −25.3 −1.7

Romania .................................................. − 552 274 170 492 −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. −−− 57 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 77 248 200 52 48 −68.9 12.6

Turkey..................................................... 111 211 408 326 302 −47.4 −22.1

United Kingdom ..................................... 534 855 1,151 789 717 −37.6 −7.1

Alaska........................................................ 537 371 680 776 855 44.8 −11.0

Korea, Republic of ................................. 537 371 662 776 855 44.8 −11.0

Unknown................................................. − − 18 − −− −

Colorado.................................................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,415 900 3.7 19.2

China (Taiwan)....................................... − − 75 219 235 − −

Israel ........................................................ −−− 30 −− −

Japan ....................................................... 1,819 422 296 343 651 331.1 29.3

Korea, Republic of ................................. −−− 65 −− −

Mexico .................................................... − 1,332 1,152 758 − −100.0 −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 14 − −

Kentucky ................................................... 4,636 6,931 7,220 9,143 9,695 −33.1 −16.8

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 44 54 67 366 −100.0 −

Brazil....................................................... − − − − 52 − −

Canada .................................................... 1,497 1,459 739 1,178 777 2.6 17.8

China (Taiwan)....................................... 691 1,867 2,292 1,978 2,397 −63.0 −26.7

Finland .................................................... −−− 4 −− −

France...................................................... 121 422 569 548 262 −71.4 −17.6

Germany, FR .......................................... 31 71 − − 187 −56.2 −36.3

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − − −− −

Ireland ..................................................... − − − − 58 − −

Israel........................................................ − − − − 217 − −

Italy ......................................................... 379 291 182 1,745 1,714 30.2 −31.4

Jamaica.................................................... − − 56 17 62 − −

Japan ....................................................... − 627 223 93 53 −100.0 −

Korea, Republic of ................................. − − 795 1,876 1,523 − −

Netherlands ............................................. 794 1,096 1,364 581 621 −27.5 6.3

Norway.................................................... 96 138 198 140 142 −30.0 −9.2

Portugal ................................................... −−− 229 −− −

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

Spain ....................................................... 36 − − − 231 − −37.3

Sweden.................................................... 142 33 − − − 329.8 −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 197 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... 780 781 592 548 758 −.1 .7

Pennsylvania ............................................. 6,966 7,908 8,698 9,246 8,279 −11.9 −4.2

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 84 146 − −−100.0 −

Brazil....................................................... 437 382 715 261 380 14.5 3.6

Canada .................................................... 2,552 2,286 2,612 1,050 713 11.7 37.6

Denmark.................................................. − 672 467 801 1,589 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Finland .................................................... − − 229 283 544 − −

France ...................................................... − 86 − 89 9 −100.0 −

Germany, FR .......................................... 788 775 135 256 383 1.6 19.7

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,040 1,203 1,116 1,067 1,161 −13.6 −2.7

Israel ........................................................ 723 800 861 1,068 995 −9.7 −7.7

Italy ......................................................... − 85 − 89 − −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 213 373 903 1,057 916 −43.0 −30.6

Korea, Republic of ................................. 40 74 175 195 109 −46.1 −22.2

See footnotes at end of table.

102 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 60. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States

and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Pennsylvania (Continued)

Morocco .................................................. − 75 118 173 − −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 527 104 482 732 593 408.8 −2.9

Norway.................................................... − − 11 30 28 − −

Peru ......................................................... 12 71 13 − − −83.1 −

Portugal................................................... 451 275 261 592 472 64.2 −1.1

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 179 366 384 112 − −51.0 −

Spain ....................................................... − 16 − − 18 −100.0 −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 43 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... − 101 − 851 299 −100.0 −

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Utah ........................................................... 2,313 2,535 3,414 5,305 3,930 −8.8 −12.4

Chile........................................................ − − 38 445 170 − −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 406 117 597 648 323 246.4 5.8

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Japan ....................................................... 1,907 2,418 2,499 4,058 3,000 −21.1 −10.7

Korea, Republic of ................................. − − 242 154 438 − −

Virginia ..................................................... 8,770 12,810 12,841 13,432 9,742 −31.5 −2.6

Algeria .................................................... 323 400 299 206 166 −19.2 18.1

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 474 948 945 1,078 764 −50.0 −11.2

Brazil....................................................... 1,296 2,273 1,347 1,228 1,091 −43.0 4.4

Canada .................................................... 734 719 508 387 445 2.0 13.3

China (Taiwan)....................................... 144 179 180 − − −19.8 −

Egypt....................................................... 296 548 178 835 333 −46.0 −2.9

Finland .................................................... − − 55 − −− −

France...................................................... 1,342 1,964 984 910 625 −31.6 21.1

Germany, FR .......................................... − − 93 − 68 − −

Italy ......................................................... 1,123 1,817 2,318 2,198 1,474 −38.2 −6.6

Japan ....................................................... 135 218 1,508 2,300 1,796 −37.8 −47.6

Korea, Republic of ................................. 1,570 1,361 1,272 466 589 15.4 27.8

Netherlands ............................................. 273 455 650 1,193 793 −39.9 −23.4

Portugal................................................... − − 62 145 105 − −

Romania .................................................. − 51 72 32 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. −−− 76 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 915 1,581 1,361 1,370 847 −42.1 1.9

Sweden.................................................... −−− 185 115 − −

Turkey..................................................... − − 81 24 −− −

United Kingdom ..................................... 144 296 928 798 531 −51.4 −27.9

West Virginia ........................................... 22,848 37,531 38,459 42,044 44,321 −39.1 −15.3

Algeria .................................................... 48 − − − −− −

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 298 774 1,463 2,182 2,020 −61.5 −38.0

Brazil....................................................... 1,829 3,378 3,929 4,256 4,329 −45.9 −19.4

Bulgaria................................................... 438 857 1,008 1,214 1,360 −48.8 −24.6

Canada .................................................... 9,474 10,500 8,291 7,222 5,784 −9.8 13.1

Chile........................................................ 35 48 25 195 118 −27.2 −26.3

China (Taiwan)....................................... − 139 188 353 355 −100.0 −

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark .................................................. − − 70 − 189 − −

Egypt....................................................... − 413 807 303 714 −100.0 −

Finland .................................................... 188 455 324 507 792 −58.6 −30.2

France...................................................... 1,939 2,740 2,579 3,676 4,408 −29.2 −18.6

Germany, FR .......................................... 98 349 453 943 1,107 −71.9 −45.5

India ........................................................ −−− 11 −− −

Israel........................................................ − 101 211 375 − −100.0 −

Italy ......................................................... 1,950 2,948 3,879 4,965 5,138 −33.8 −21.5

Jamaica .................................................... − 30 8 36 − −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 1,375 2,975 2,585 2,062 3,431 −53.8 −20.4

Korea, Republic of ................................. 270 879 829 1,050 1,013 −69.3 −28.1

Mexico .................................................... − 256 25 − − −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 67 96 1,111 275 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 1,039 2,152 2,425 1,636 3,628 −51.7 −26.8

Peru ......................................................... 5 − − − −− −

Portugal................................................... 288 450 889 1,128 1,390 −35.9 −32.5

Romania .................................................. 172 491 1,737 1,315 1,623 −65.0 −43.0

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 260 992 706 947 946 −73.8 −27.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 103 
Table 60. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States

and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

West Virginia (Continued)

Spain ....................................................... 659 758 758 887 1,084 −13.1 −11.7

Sweden.................................................... 420 740 657 882 1,352 −43.3 −25.3

Turkey..................................................... 465 1,322 1,295 1,655 1,560 −64.8 −26.1

United Kingdom ..................................... 1,597 3,716 3,223 3,133 1,633 −57.0 −.5

Wyoming ................................................... 3,774 3,729 2,541 2,395 2,269 1.2 13.6

Canada .................................................... 2,951 1,931 818 443 32 52.8 210.9

Mexico .................................................... − 12 − − − −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. −−− 63 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 823 1,786 1,723 1,889 2,237 −53.9 −22.1

 R Major States Total................................... 54,969 78,371 81,189 88,620 86,023 −29.9 −10.6

Algeria .................................................... 371 400 299 206 166 −7.2 22.3

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 1,652 2,552 3,506 4,030 3,724 −35.3 −18.4

Brazil....................................................... 4,383 6,603 6,892 6,310 6,416 −33.6 −9.1

Bulgaria................................................... 438 1,002 1,252 1,422 1,488 −56.3 −26.3

Canada .................................................... 17,209 16,895 12,967 10,280 7,750 1.9 22.1

Chile........................................................ 35 48 64 640 287 −27.2 −41.1

China (Taiwan)....................................... 1,240 2,301 3,332 3,197 3,310 −46.1 −21.8

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark.................................................. − 672 538 801 1,804 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Egypt....................................................... 296 961 985 1,138 1,158 −69.2 −28.9

Finland .................................................... 188 455 609 794 1,337 −58.6 −38.7

France...................................................... 3,403 5,212 4,132 5,223 5,305 −34.7 −10.5

Germany, FR .......................................... 917 1,298 906 1,383 1,946 −29.4 −17.1

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − 11 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,040 1,203 1,116 1,067 1,219 −13.6 −3.9

Israel........................................................ 723 901 1,071 1,473 1,212 −19.8 −12.1

Italy ......................................................... 3,829 5,558 6,869 9,656 9,256 −31.1 −19.8

Jamaica.................................................... − 30 64 53 62 −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 5,648 7,382 8,473 10,774 11,205 −23.5 −15.7

Korea, Republic of ................................. 2,417 2,684 3,974 4,582 4,526 −10.0 −14.5

Mexico .................................................... − 1,599 1,177 758 − −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 141 214 1,284 275 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 2,892 4,152 5,224 4,278 5,911 −30.3 −16.4

Norway.................................................... 96 138 210 169 170 −30.0 −13.2

Peru ......................................................... 17 71 13 − − −76.5 −

Portugal................................................... 740 725 1,212 2,094 1,967 2.0 −21.7

Romania .................................................. 172 1,093 2,083 1,517 2,115 −84.3 −46.6

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 439 1,359 1,090 1,192 946 −67.7 −17.4

Spain ....................................................... 2,509 4,389 4,042 4,197 4,465 −42.8 −13.4

Sweden.................................................... 562 773 657 1,066 1,466 −27.3 −21.3

Turkey..................................................... 576 1,533 1,784 2,005 2,116 −62.4 −27.8

United Kingdom ..................................... 3,055 5,750 5,894 6,119 3,938 −46.9 −6.1

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Unknown................................................. − − 18 − −− −

 R Other States Total ................................... 929 1,815 2,043 3,579 3,884 −48.8 −30.1

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ −−− 76 −− −

Brazil ....................................................... −−− 1 188 − −

Canada .................................................... 762 1,018 438 319 273 −25.1 29.3

Denmark.................................................. −−− 364 516 − −

France...................................................... − − − − 57 − −

Germany, FR .......................................... − − 56 325 722 − −

Ireland ..................................................... 100 20 − 80 − 387.5 −

Italy ......................................................... − − − − 42 − −

Japan ....................................................... − 99 80 66 49 −100.0 −

Mexico .................................................... − 2 − − 498 −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. −−− 103 775 − −

Netherlands ............................................. −−− 120 −− −

Sweden .................................................... −−− 25 −− −

See footnotes at end of table.

104 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 60. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal by Major Coal-Exporting States

and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

 R Other States Total (Continued)

United Kingdom ..................................... − 208 662 805 538 −100.0 −

Unknown ................................................. 67 468 806 1,294 226 −85.7 −26.3

U.S. Total .................................................. 55,898 80,185 83,232 92,199 89,907 −30.3 −11.2

Algeria .................................................... 371 400 299 206 166 −7.2 22.3

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 1,652 2,552 3,506 4,106 3,724 −35.3 −18.4

Brazil....................................................... 4,383 6,603 6,892 6,312 6,605 −33.6 −9.7

Bulgaria................................................... 438 1,002 1,252 1,422 1,488 −56.3 −26.3

Canada .................................................... 17,971 17,913 13,405 10,599 8,023 .3 22.3

Chile........................................................ 35 48 64 640 287 −27.2 −41.1

China (Taiwan)....................................... 1,240 2,301 3,332 3,197 3,310 −46.1 −21.8

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark.................................................. − 672 538 1,165 2,320 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Egypt....................................................... 296 961 985 1,138 1,158 −69.2 −28.9

Finland .................................................... 188 455 609 794 1,337 −58.6 −38.7

France...................................................... 3,403 5,212 4,132 5,223 5,362 −34.7 −10.8

Germany, FR .......................................... 917 1,298 962 1,708 2,668 −29.4 −23.4

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − 11 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,140 1,224 1,116 1,147 1,219 −6.9 −1.7

Israel........................................................ 723 901 1,071 1,473 1,212 −19.8 −12.1

Italy ......................................................... 3,829 5,558 6,869 9,656 9,298 −31.1 −19.9

Jamaica.................................................... − 30 64 53 62 −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 5,648 7,481 8,553 10,840 11,254 −24.5 −15.8

Korea, Republic of ................................. 2,417 2,684 3,974 4,582 4,526 −10.0 −14.5

Mexico .................................................... − 1,601 1,177 758 498 −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 141 214 1,388 1,050 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 2,892 4,152 5,224 4,398 5,911 −30.3 −16.4

Norway.................................................... 96 138 210 169 170 −30.0 −13.2

Peru ......................................................... 17 71 13 − − −76.5 −

Portugal................................................... 740 725 1,212 2,094 1,967 2.0 −21.7

Romania .................................................. 172 1,093 2,083 1,517 2,115 −84.3 −46.6

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 439 1,359 1,090 1,192 946 −67.7 −17.4

Spain ....................................................... 2,509 4,389 4,042 4,197 4,465 −42.8 −13.4

Sweden.................................................... 562 773 657 1,091 1,466 −27.3 −21.3

Turkey..................................................... 576 1,533 1,784 2,005 2,116 −62.4 −27.8

United Kingdom ..................................... 3,055 5,957 6,556 6,925 4,476 −48.7 −9.1

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Unknown ................................................. 67 468 825 1,294 226 −85.7 −26.3

R Revised Data.

Notes: Major coal-exporting States are those with total coal exports of over 500,000 short tons in 1999. Totals may not equal sum of components

due to independent rounding.

Sources: Values shown for destinations other than Canada and Mexico are estimates based upon information reported on Energy Information Administration Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report,’’ and coal export data presented in King’s COALBASE (King Publishing Corporation, Knoxville, Tennessee). See the Explanatory Notes for a complete description of the methodology used to develop these estimates. Values shown for Canada and Mexico

are based upon Form EIA-6A.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 105 
Table 61. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Metallurgical Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Alabama .................................................... 3,307 4,743 5,699 4,523 5,330 −30.3 −11.3

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 880 701 898 703 574 25.5 11.3

Brazil....................................................... 821 570 901 566 564 44.1 9.8

Bulgaria................................................... − 145 244 208 128 −100.0 −

Egypt....................................................... − − − − 111 − −

Germany, FR .......................................... − 103 224 184 201 −100.0 −

Italy ......................................................... 376 417 377 318 314 −10.0 4.6

Japan ....................................................... 199 349 459 861 1,358 −43.0 −38.1

Netherlands ............................................. 258 345 303 73 217 −25.3 4.4

Romania .................................................. − 552 274 170 492 −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. −−− 57 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 77 248 200 52 48 −68.9 12.6

Turkey..................................................... 111 211 408 326 302 −47.4 −22.1

United Kingdom ..................................... 534 797 1,151 789 717 −33.0 −7.1

Colorado .................................................... −−− 30 −− −

Japan ....................................................... −−− 30 −− −

Kentucky ................................................... 3,907 5,042 4,762 5,303 3,640 −22.5 1.8

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 44 54 67 − −100.0 −

Brazil....................................................... − − − − 52 − −

Canada .................................................... 1,459 1,459 739 1,178 777 * 17.0

China (Taiwan)....................................... − 87 181 − 76 −100.0 −

France...................................................... 121 422 569 548 262 −71.4 −17.6

Germany, FR .......................................... 31 71 − − 93 −56.2 −24.0

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − − −− −

Italy ......................................................... 379 291 − 132 − 30.2 −

Japan ....................................................... − 518 223 93 53 −100.0 −

Korea, Republic of ................................. − − 795 1,876 1,523 − −

Netherlands ............................................. 794 1,096 1,255 581 102 −27.5 67.0

Norway.................................................... 96 138 198 140 142 −30.0 −9.2

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

Spain ....................................................... 36 − − − −− −

Sweden.................................................... 142 33 − − − 329.8 −

United Kingdom ..................................... 780 781 592 548 483 −.1 12.7

Pennsylvania ............................................. 1,985 1,912 2,105 1,642 1,467 3.8 7.8

Brazil....................................................... 436 381 713 258 371 14.5 4.1

Canada .................................................... 20 17 − − 4 16.6 47.7

France ...................................................... −−− 89 −− −

Germany, FR .......................................... 758 598 − − 66 26.7 83.8

Japan ....................................................... 213 373 903 920 916 −43.0 −30.6

Korea, Republic of ................................. 40 74 106 101 109 −46.1 −22.2

Netherlands ............................................. 339 102 − 162 − 231.4 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 179 366 384 112 − −51.0 −

Utah ........................................................... − − 97 187 −− −

Japan ....................................................... − − 97 187 −− −

Virginia ..................................................... 8,036 12,649 12,288 12,760 8,921 −36.5 −2.6

Algeria .................................................... 323 400 299 206 166 −19.2 18.1

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 474 948 945 1,078 764 −50.0 −11.2

Brazil....................................................... 1,296 2,273 1,347 1,228 1,091 −43.0 4.4

Canada .................................................... − 719 508 387 445 −100.0 −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 144 179 180 − − −19.8 −

Egypt....................................................... 296 548 178 835 333 −46.0 −2.9

Finland .................................................... − − 55 − −− −

France...................................................... 1,342 1,964 984 910 625 −31.6 21.1

Germany, FR .......................................... − − 93 − 68 − −

Italy ......................................................... 1,123 1,655 1,776 1,696 758 −32.1 10.3

Japan ....................................................... 135 218 1,508 2,300 1,796 −37.8 −47.6

Korea, Republic of ................................. 1,570 1,361 1,272 466 589 15.4 27.8

Netherlands ............................................. 273 455 650 1,193 793 −39.9 −23.4

Portugal................................................... − − 62 − −− −

Romania .................................................. − 51 72 32 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. −−− 76 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 915 1,581 1,350 1,370 847 −42.1 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.

106 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 61. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Metallurgical Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Virginia (Continued)

Sweden.................................................... −−− 185 115 − −

Turkey..................................................... − − 81 − −− −

United Kingdom ..................................... 144 296 928 798 531 −51.4 −27.9

West Virginia ........................................... 20,120 32,224 30,327 31,717 34,633 −37.6 −12.7

Algeria .................................................... 48 − − − −− −

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 298 602 822 1,261 1,175 −50.5 −29.0

Brazil....................................................... 1,829 3,378 3,927 4,247 4,329 −45.9 −19.4

Bulgaria................................................... 438 857 1,008 1,152 1,360 −48.8 −24.6

Canada .................................................... 7,547 8,945 6,956 6,907 5,759 −15.6 7.0

Chile ........................................................ −−− 43 −− −

China (Taiwan)....................................... − 139 188 353 355 −100.0 −

Egypt....................................................... − 413 807 303 714 −100.0 −

Finland .................................................... 188 455 324 507 683 −58.6 −27.5

France...................................................... 1,939 2,740 2,286 2,859 3,594 −29.2 −14.3

Germany, FR .......................................... 98 349 419 584 254 −71.9 −21.1

India ........................................................ −−− 11 −− −

Italy ......................................................... 1,950 2,326 2,084 2,361 2,873 −16.2 −9.2

Japan ....................................................... 1,323 2,975 2,585 2,062 3,222 −55.5 −19.9

Korea, Republic of ................................. 270 879 829 1,050 1,013 −69.3 −28.1

Mexico .................................................... − − 25 − −− −

Netherlands ............................................. 850 1,979 1,977 1,223 1,523 −57.1 −13.6

Portugal................................................... 288 245 118 164 33 17.9 71.4

Romania .................................................. 172 491 1,737 1,315 1,623 −65.0 −43.0

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 260 992 706 947 946 −73.8 −27.6

Spain ....................................................... 642 758 681 818 1,084 −15.3 −12.3

Sweden.................................................... 420 740 657 882 1,352 −43.3 −25.3

Turkey..................................................... 465 1,322 1,295 1,643 1,560 −64.8 −26.1

United Kingdom ..................................... 1,095 1,637 897 1,024 1,182 −33.1 −1.9

 R Major States Total................................... 37,355 56,569 55,278 56,162 54,039 −34.0 −8.8

Algeria .................................................... 371 400 299 206 166 −7.2 22.3

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 1,652 2,296 2,719 3,109 2,513 −28.0 −9.9

Brazil....................................................... 4,382 6,602 6,888 6,298 6,407 −33.6 −9.1

Bulgaria................................................... 438 1,002 1,252 1,361 1,488 −56.3 −26.3

Canada .................................................... 9,026 11,140 8,203 8,472 6,986 −19.0 6.6

Chile ........................................................ −−− 43 −− −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 144 404 549 353 431 −64.5 −24.0

Egypt....................................................... 296 961 985 1,138 1,158 −69.2 −28.9

Finland .................................................... 188 455 379 507 683 −58.6 −27.5

France...................................................... 3,403 5,126 3,839 4,406 4,481 −33.6 −6.6

Germany, FR .......................................... 887 1,121 736 769 681 −20.9 6.8

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − 11 −− −

Italy ......................................................... 3,829 4,690 4,238 4,507 3,944 −18.4 −.7

Japan ....................................................... 1,870 4,433 5,775 6,453 7,395 −57.8 −29.1

Korea, Republic of ................................. 1,880 2,313 3,001 3,493 3,234 −18.7 −12.7

Mexico .................................................... − − 25 − −− −

Netherlands ............................................. 2,514 3,977 4,185 3,233 2,635 −36.8 −1.2

Norway.................................................... 96 138 198 140 142 −30.0 −9.2

Portugal................................................... 288 245 179 164 33 17.9 71.4

Romania .................................................. 172 1,093 2,083 1,517 2,115 −84.3 −46.6

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 439 1,359 1,090 1,192 946 −67.7 −17.4

Spain ....................................................... 1,670 2,587 2,231 2,240 1,979 −35.5 −4.1

Sweden.................................................... 562 773 657 1,066 1,466 −27.3 −21.3

Turkey..................................................... 576 1,533 1,784 1,969 1,862 −62.4 −25.4

United Kingdom ..................................... 2,553 3,512 3,568 3,160 2,913 −27.3 −3.3

 R Other States Total ................................... −−−− 188 − −100.0

Brazil....................................................... − − − − 188 − −

U.S. Total .................................................. 37,355 56,569 55,278 56,162 54,228 −34.0 −8.9

Algeria .................................................... 371 400 299 206 166 −7.2 22.3

Argentina ................................................ 52 305 259 216 306 −83.1 −35.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ 1,652 2,296 2,719 3,109 2,513 −28.0 −9.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 107 
Table 61. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Metallurgical Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

U.S. Total (Continued)

Brazil....................................................... 4,382 6,602 6,888 6,298 6,596 −33.6 −9.7

Bulgaria................................................... 438 1,002 1,252 1,361 1,488 −56.3 −26.3

Canada .................................................... 9,026 11,140 8,203 8,472 6,986 −19.0 6.6

Chile ........................................................ −−− 43 −− −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 144 404 549 353 431 −64.5 −24.0

Egypt....................................................... 296 961 985 1,138 1,158 −69.2 −28.9

Finland .................................................... 188 455 379 507 683 −58.6 −27.5

France...................................................... 3,403 5,126 3,839 4,406 4,481 −33.6 −6.6

Germany, FR .......................................... 887 1,121 736 769 681 −20.9 6.8

Iceland..................................................... 53 62 107 119 76 −13.8 −8.7

India ........................................................ 15 − − 11 −− −

Italy ......................................................... 3,829 4,690 4,238 4,507 3,944 −18.4 −.7

Japan ....................................................... 1,870 4,433 5,775 6,453 7,395 −57.8 −29.1

Korea, Republic of ................................. 1,880 2,313 3,001 3,493 3,234 −18.7 −12.7

Mexico .................................................... − − 25 − −− −

Netherlands ............................................. 2,514 3,977 4,185 3,233 2,635 −36.8 −1.2

Norway.................................................... 96 138 198 140 142 −30.0 −9.2

Portugal................................................... 288 245 179 164 33 17.9 71.4

Romania .................................................. 172 1,093 2,083 1,517 2,115 −84.3 −46.6

Saudi Arabia ........................................... − 42 48 22 − −100.0 −

South Africa, Rep of .............................. 439 1,359 1,090 1,192 946 −67.7 −17.4

Spain ....................................................... 1,670 2,587 2,231 2,240 1,979 −35.5 −4.1

Sweden.................................................... 562 773 657 1,066 1,466 −27.3 −21.3

Turkey..................................................... 576 1,533 1,784 1,969 1,862 −62.4 −25.4

United Kingdom ..................................... 2,553 3,512 3,568 3,160 2,913 −27.3 −3.3

* Data round to zero.

R Revised Data.

Notes: Major coal-exporting States are those with total coal exports of over 500,000 short tons in 1999. Totals may not equal sum of components

due to independent rounding.

Sources: Values shown for destinations other than Canada and Mexico are estimates based upon information reported on Energy Information Administration Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report,’’ and coal export data presented in King’s COALBASE (King Publishing Corporation, Knoxville, Tennessee). See the Explanatory Notes for a complete description of the methodology used to develop these estimates. Values shown for Canada and Mexico

are based upon Form EIA-6A.

108 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 62. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Steam Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Alabama .................................................... − 59 114 341 702 −100.0 −100.0

Denmark.................................................. − − − − 26 − −

Italy ......................................................... − − 114 341 617 − −

Netherlands ............................................. − − − − 59 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... − 59 − − − −100.0 −

Alaska........................................................ 537 371 698 776 855 44.8 −11.0

Korea, Republic of ................................. 537 371 662 776 855 44.8 −11.0

Unknown................................................. − − 37 − −− −

Colorado.................................................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,385 900 3.7 19.2

China (Taiwan)....................................... − − 75 219 235 − −

Israel ........................................................ −−− 30 −− −

Japan ....................................................... 1,819 422 296 314 651 331.1 29.3

Korea, Republic of ................................. −−− 65 −− −

Mexico .................................................... − 1,332 1,152 758 − −100.0 −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 14 − −

Kentucky ................................................... 728 1,889 2,458 3,841 6,055 −61.4 −41.1

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ −−−− 366 − −

Canada .................................................... 38 − − − −− −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 691 1,780 2,111 1,978 2,321 −61.2 −26.1

Finland .................................................... −−− 4 −− −

Germany, FR .......................................... − − − − 95 − −

Ireland ..................................................... − − − − 58 − −

Israel........................................................ − − − − 217 − −

Italy ......................................................... − − 182 1,613 1,714 − −

Jamaica.................................................... − − 56 17 62 − −

Japan ....................................................... − 109 − − − −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. − − 109 − 519 − −

Portugal ................................................... −−− 229 −− −

Spain ....................................................... − − − − 231 − −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 197 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... − − − − 275 − −

Pennsylvania ............................................. 4,981 5,996 6,593 7,604 6,812 −16.9 −7.5

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 84 146 − −−100.0 −

Brazil....................................................... 1 1 2 3 9 10.0 −38.6

Canada .................................................... 2,533 2,269 2,612 1,050 708 11.6 37.5

Denmark.................................................. − 672 467 801 1,589 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Finland .................................................... − − 229 283 544 − −

France...................................................... − 86 − − 9 −100.0 −

Germany, FR .......................................... 30 177 135 256 317 −83.2 −44.6

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,040 1,203 1,116 1,067 1,161 −13.6 −2.7

Israel ........................................................ 723 800 861 1,068 995 −9.7 −7.7

Italy ......................................................... − 85 − 89 − −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... −−− 136 −− −

Korea, Republic of ................................. − − 70 94 −− −

Morocco .................................................. − 75 118 173 − −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 188 1 482 570 593 NM −24.9

Norway.................................................... − − 11 30 28 − −

Peru ......................................................... 12 71 13 − − −83.1 −

Portugal................................................... 451 275 261 592 472 64.2 −1.1

Spain ....................................................... − 16 − − 18 −100.0 −

Turkey..................................................... − − − − 43 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... − 101 − 851 299 −100.0 −

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Utah ........................................................... 2,313 2,535 3,317 5,118 3,930 −8.8 −12.4

Chile........................................................ − − 38 445 170 − −

China (Taiwan)....................................... 406 117 597 648 323 246.4 5.8

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Japan ....................................................... 1,907 2,418 2,402 3,871 3,000 −21.1 −10.7

Korea, Republic of ................................. − − 242 154 438 − −

Virginia ..................................................... 734 162 553 671 821 353.3 −2.8

Canada .................................................... 734 − − − −− −

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 109 
Table 62. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Steam Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

Virginia (Continued)

Italy ......................................................... − 162 542 502 716 −100.0 −

Portugal................................................... −−− 145 105 − −

Spain ....................................................... − − 11 − −− −

Turkey ..................................................... −−− 24 −− −

West Virginia ........................................... 2,728 5,307 8,132 10,327 9,688 −48.6 −27.2

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 172 641 921 845 −100.0 −

Brazil ....................................................... − − 2 10 * − −

Bulgaria ................................................... −−− 62 −− −

Canada .................................................... 1,927 1,555 1,335 315 25 23.9 196.8

Chile........................................................ 35 48 25 152 118 −27.2 −26.3

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark .................................................. − − 70 − 189 − −

Finland .................................................... − − − − 109 − −

France...................................................... − − 293 817 815 − −

Germany, FR .......................................... − − 35 358 854 − −

Israel........................................................ − 101 211 375 − −100.0 −

Italy ......................................................... − 621 1,794 2,604 2,266 −100.0 −

Jamaica .................................................... − 30 8 36 − −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 52 − − − 209 − −29.3

Mexico .................................................... − 256 − − − −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 67 96 1,111 275 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 189 173 448 413 2,105 9.2 −45.2

Peru ......................................................... 5 − − − −− −

Portugal................................................... − 206 771 964 1,357 −100.0 −

Spain ....................................................... 17 − 77 69 −− −

Turkey ..................................................... −−− 12 −− −

United Kingdom ..................................... 503 2,079 2,326 2,109 451 −75.8 2.8

Wyoming ................................................... 3,774 3,729 2,541 2,395 2,269 1.2 13.6

Canada .................................................... 2,951 1,931 818 443 32 52.8 210.9

Mexico .................................................... − 12 − − − −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. −−− 63 −− −

Spain ....................................................... 823 1,786 1,723 1,889 2,237 −53.9 −22.1

 R Major States Total................................... 17,614 21,802 25,929 32,458 32,033 −19.2 −13.9

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 256 787 921 1,211 −100.0 −

Brazil ....................................................... 1 1 4 12 9 10.0 −38.6

Bulgaria ................................................... −−− 62 −− −

Canada .................................................... 8,183 5,754 4,764 1,808 765 42.2 80.8

Chile........................................................ 35 48 64 597 287 −27.2 −41.1

China (Taiwan)....................................... 1,096 1,897 2,783 2,845 2,879 −42.2 −21.4

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark.................................................. − 672 538 801 1,804 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Finland .................................................... − − 229 287 654 − −

France...................................................... − 86 293 817 824 −100.0 −

Germany, FR .......................................... 30 177 170 614 1,265 −83.2 −60.8

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,040 1,203 1,116 1,067 1,219 −13.6 −3.9

Israel........................................................ 723 901 1,071 1,473 1,212 −19.8 −12.1

Italy ......................................................... − 868 2,632 5,149 5,312 −100.0 −

Jamaica.................................................... − 30 64 53 62 −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 3,778 2,949 2,698 4,321 3,860 28.1 −.5

Korea, Republic of ................................. 537 371 973 1,089 1,292 44.8 −19.7

Mexico .................................................... − 1,599 1,152 758 − −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 141 214 1,284 275 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 377 175 1,039 1,046 3,276 116.2 −41.7

Norway.................................................... − − 11 30 28 − −

Peru ......................................................... 17 71 13 − − −76.5 −

Portugal................................................... 451 481 1,032 1,930 1,933 −6.1 −30.5

Spain ....................................................... 840 1,802 1,811 1,957 2,486 −53.4 −23.8

Turkey ..................................................... −−− 37 254 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... 503 2,238 2,326 2,959 1,025 −77.5 −16.3

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Unknown................................................. − − 37 − −− −

See footnotes at end of table.

110 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 62. Foreign Distribution of U.S. Steam Coal by Major Coal-Exporting

States and Destination, 1995-1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Coal-Exporting State Percent Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999

 R Other States Total ................................... 929 1,815 2,043 3,579 3,647 −48.8 −29.0

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ −−− 76 −− −

Brazil ....................................................... −−− 1 −− −

Canada .................................................... 762 1,018 438 319 273 −25.1 29.3

Denmark.................................................. −−− 364 516 − −

France...................................................... − − − − 57 − −

Germany, FR .......................................... − − 56 325 722 − −

Ireland ..................................................... 100 20 − 80 − 387.5 −

Italy ......................................................... − − − − 42 − −

Japan ....................................................... − 99 80 66 − −100.0 −

Mexico .................................................... − 2 − − 498 −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. −−− 103 775 − −

Netherlands ............................................. −−− 120 −− −

Sweden .................................................... −−− 25 −− −

United Kingdom ..................................... − 208 662 805 538 −100.0 −

Unknown ................................................. 67 468 806 1,294 226 −85.7 −26.3

U.S. Total .................................................. 18,543 23,616 27,972 36,037 35,680 −21.5 −15.1

Belgium & Luxembourg ........................ − 256 787 997 1,211 −100.0 −

Brazil ....................................................... 1 1 4 14 9 10.0 −38.6

Bulgaria ................................................... −−− 62 −− −

Canada .................................................... 8,945 6,772 5,202 2,127 1,037 32.1 71.4

Chile........................................................ 35 48 64 597 287 −27.2 −41.1

China (Taiwan)....................................... 1,096 1,897 2,783 2,845 2,879 −42.2 −21.4

Croatia..................................................... − − − − 72 − −

Denmark.................................................. − 672 538 1,165 2,320 −100.0 −

Dominican Republic............................... − 76 64 50 18 −100.0 −

Ecuador ................................................... − − 38 − −− −

Finland .................................................... − − 229 287 654 − −

France...................................................... − 86 293 817 882 −100.0 −

Germany, FR .......................................... 30 177 226 939 1,987 −83.2 −65.0

Greece ..................................................... −−− 491 −− −

Ireland ..................................................... 1,140 1,224 1,116 1,147 1,219 −6.9 −1.7

Israel........................................................ 723 901 1,071 1,473 1,212 −19.8 −12.1

Italy ......................................................... − 868 2,632 5,149 5,354 −100.0 −

Jamaica.................................................... − 30 64 53 62 −100.0 −

Japan ....................................................... 3,778 3,048 2,778 4,387 3,860 24.0 −.5

Korea, Republic of ................................. 537 371 973 1,089 1,292 44.8 −19.7

Mexico .................................................... − 1,601 1,152 758 498 −100.0 −

Morocco .................................................. − 141 214 1,388 1,050 −100.0 −

Netherlands ............................................. 377 175 1,039 1,165 3,276 116.2 −41.7

Norway.................................................... − − 11 30 28 − −

Peru ......................................................... 17 71 13 − − −76.5 −

Portugal................................................... 451 481 1,032 1,930 1,933 −6.1 −30.5

Spain ....................................................... 840 1,802 1,811 1,957 2,486 −53.4 −23.8

Sweden .................................................... −−− 25 −− −

Turkey ..................................................... −−− 37 254 − −

United Kingdom ..................................... 503 2,446 2,988 3,765 1,563 −79.4 −24.7

Venezuela................................................ 4 4 5 1 9 1.9 −19.8

Unknown ................................................. 67 468 843 1,294 226 −85.7 −26.3

* Data round to zero.

R Revised Data. NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Notes: Major coal-exporting States are those with total coal exports of over 500,000 short tons in 1999. Totals may not equal sum of components

due to independent rounding.

Sources: Values shown for destinations other than Canada and Mexico are estimates based upon information reported on Energy Information Administration Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report,’’ and coal export data presented in King’s COALBASE (King Publishing Corporation, Knoxville, Tennessee). See the Explanatory Notes for a complete description of the methodology used to develop these estimates. Values shown for Canada and Mexico

are based upon Form EIA-6A.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 111 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: ALABAMA

Alabama ...................................................................... 12,392 222 1,387 23 14,024

Railroad ................................................................... 5,262 161 21 − 5,444

River ........................................................................ 4,116 −−− 4,116

Truck ....................................................................... 3,014 61 1,366 23 4,464

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 113 − 113

Railroad ................................................................... − − 113 − 113

Georgia ....................................................................... 194 −−− 194

Railroad ................................................................... 194 −−− 194

Indiana ........................................................................ − 1,302 − − 1,302

Railroad ................................................................... − 1,302 − − 1,302

Mississippi .................................................................. − − 35 − 35

Truck ....................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Pennsylvania ............................................................... − 157 − − 157

Railroad ................................................................... − 157 − − 157

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Wisconsin .................................................................... 72 −−− 72

Railroad ................................................................... 72 −−− 72

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 46

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 46

State Total .................................................................. 12,658 1,681 1,582 23 1 15,990

Railroad ................................................................... 5,528 1,620 134 − 7,282

River ........................................................................ 4,116 −−− 4,116

Truck ....................................................................... 3,014 61 1,448 23 4,546

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 46

ORIGIN: ALASKA

Alaska ......................................................................... 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

State Total .................................................................. 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

ORIGIN: ARIZONA

Arizona ....................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Railroad ................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Nevada ........................................................................ 4,494 −−− 4,494

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

State Total .................................................................. 12,623 −−− 12,623

Railroad ................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

ORIGIN: ARKANSAS

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Missouri ...................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Texas ........................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

State Total .................................................................. − − 22 − 22

Truck ....................................................................... − − 22 − 22

ORIGIN: COLORADO

Arizona ....................................................................... 547 − 98 * 645

Railroad ................................................................... 547 − 98 − 645

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − 10 − 10

See footnotes at end of table.

112 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: COLORADO (Continued)

California .................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Colorado ..................................................................... 11,621 − 573 99 12,294

Railroad ................................................................... 7,360 − 375 − 7,735

Truck ....................................................................... 4,260 − 199 99 4,559

Illinois ......................................................................... 171 − 159 − 330

Railroad ................................................................... 30 − 155 − 185

River ........................................................................ 141 −−− 141

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Iowa ............................................................................. 306 − 170 − 475

Railroad ................................................................... − − 170 − 170

River ........................................................................ 306 −−− 306

Kansas ......................................................................... 587 −−− 587

Railroad ................................................................... 587 −−− 587

Kentucky ..................................................................... 2,946 −−− 2,946

Railroad ................................................................... 2,946 −−− 2,946

Michigan ..................................................................... 55 −−− 55

Railroad ................................................................... 12 −−− 12

River ........................................................................ 43 −−− 43

Mississippi .................................................................. 1,101 −−− 1,101

Railroad ................................................................... 1,101 −−− 1,101

Missouri ...................................................................... 1,766 −−− 1,766

Railroad ................................................................... 1,766 −−− 1,766

Nebraska ..................................................................... 6 − 14 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... 6 − 14 − 20

New Mexico................................................................ 26 − 72 1 99

Truck ....................................................................... 26 − 72 1 99

Tennessee .................................................................... 2,920 −−− 2,920

Railroad ................................................................... 2,803 −−− 2,803

River ........................................................................ 117 −−− 117

Texas ........................................................................... 2,610 − 340 − 2,951

Railroad ................................................................... 2,610 − 340 − 2,951

Utah ............................................................................. 1,360 250 − − 1,610

Railroad ................................................................... 1,360 250 − − 1,610

Wisconsin .................................................................... 221 −−− 221

River ........................................................................ 221 −−− 221

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 148 − 148

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 146 − 146

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 8

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 8

State Total .................................................................. 26,244 250 1,594 100 1 28,198

Railroad ................................................................... 21,129 250 1,173 − 22,553

River ........................................................................ 829 −−− 829

Truck ....................................................................... 4,287 − 421 100 4,808

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 8

ORIGIN: ILLINOIS

Alabama ...................................................................... 1,338 −−− 1,338

Railroad ................................................................... 661 −−− 661

River ........................................................................ 577 −−− 577

Tidewater ................................................................ 100 −−− 100

Florida ......................................................................... 4,300 −−− 4,300

Railroad ................................................................... 1,073 −−− 1,073

River ........................................................................ 3,227 −−− 3,227

Georgia ....................................................................... 614 −−− 614

Railroad ................................................................... 614 −−− 614

Illinois ......................................................................... 14,748 − 2,701 143 17,592

Railroad ................................................................... 8,235 − 1,186 − 9,420

River ........................................................................ 3,136 − − 25 3,161

Truck ....................................................................... 3,378 − 1,494 118 4,989

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

Indiana ........................................................................ 5,007 − 152 3 5,162

Railroad ................................................................... 3,956 −−− 3,956

River ........................................................................ 770 − − 3 773

Truck ....................................................................... 282 − 152 − 434

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 113 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: ILLINOIS (Continued)

Iowa ............................................................................. 1,418 − 425 219 2,061

Railroad ................................................................... 203 − 11 − 214

River ........................................................................ 1,215 − 221 219 1,655

Truck ....................................................................... − − 193 * 193

Kentucky ..................................................................... 395 − − * 395

Railroad ................................................................... 368 −−− 368

Truck ....................................................................... 27 − − * 27

Minnesota ................................................................... 72 −−− 72

River ........................................................................ 72 −−− 72

Mississippi .................................................................. 1,433 − 38 − 1,472

River ........................................................................ 388 − 38 − 427

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,045 −−− 1,045

Missouri ...................................................................... 1,556 − 538 177 2,271

Railroad ................................................................... 999 − − * 1,000

River ........................................................................ 499 − 53 − 551

Truck ....................................................................... 58 − 485 176 720

New York ................................................................... −−− 63 63

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 63 63

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

River ........................................................................ − − 1 − 1

Pennsylvania ............................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Tennessee .................................................................... 3,109 −−− 3,109

River ........................................................................ 3,109 −−− 3,109

Wisconsin .................................................................... 710 − 125 − 835

Railroad ................................................................... − − 99 − 99

River ........................................................................ 710 −−− 710

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 26 − 26

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 818

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 818

State Total .................................................................. 34,700 − 3,980 604 1 40,102

Railroad ................................................................... 16,108 − 1,296 * 17,405

River ........................................................................ 13,703 − 313 247 14,263

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 26 − 26

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,145 −−− 1,145

Truck ....................................................................... 3,744 − 2,324 357 6,425

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 818

ORIGIN: INDIANA

Illinois ......................................................................... 965 − 27 12 1,004

Railroad ................................................................... 740 − 27 − 767

Truck ....................................................................... 225 − − 12 237

Indiana ........................................................................ 28,908 − 1,551 283 30,742

Railroad ................................................................... 20,377 − 188 * 20,565

River ........................................................................ − − 293 − 293

Truck ....................................................................... 7,907 − 1,070 283 9,260

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

Iowa ............................................................................. 40 − 69 − 109

Railroad ................................................................... 40 − 69 − 109

Kentucky ..................................................................... 1,887 −−− 1,887

Railroad ................................................................... 799 −−− 799

River ........................................................................ 237 −−− 237

Truck ....................................................................... 851 −−− 851

Michigan ..................................................................... 68 −−− 68

Great Lakes............................................................. 68 −−− 68

Minnesota ................................................................... 83 −−− 83

Railroad ................................................................... 83 −−− 83

Missouri ...................................................................... 6 −−− 6

Railroad ................................................................... 6 −−− 6

Ohio ............................................................................. 72 −−− 72

Railroad ................................................................... 46 −−− 46

River ........................................................................ 26 −−− 26

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

River ........................................................................ − − 1 − 1

See footnotes at end of table.

114 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: INDIANA (Continued)

Wisconsin .................................................................... 163 − 65 − 228

Railroad ................................................................... 163 − 65 − 228

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 16

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 16

State Total .................................................................. 32,191 − 1,713 295 1 34,215

Railroad ................................................................... 22,254 − 349 * 22,603

River ........................................................................ 263 − 294 − 557

Great Lakes............................................................. 68 −−− 68

Truck ....................................................................... 8,983 − 1,070 295 10,347

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 16

ORIGIN: KANSAS

Kansas ......................................................................... 406 −−− 406

Truck ....................................................................... 406 −−− 406

Missouri ...................................................................... 2 −−− 2

Truck ....................................................................... 2 −−− 2

State Total .................................................................. 408 −−− 408

Truck ....................................................................... 408 −−− 408

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, TOTAL

Alabama ...................................................................... 2,054 − 234 * 2,288

Railroad ................................................................... 967 − 118 − 1,085

River ........................................................................ 1,087 − 90 − 1,178

Truck ....................................................................... − − 26 * 26

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Delaware ..................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

District of Columbia ................................................. −−− 3 3

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

Florida ......................................................................... 12,668 − 2,543 6 15,218

Railroad ................................................................... 11,315 − 774 6 12,096

River ........................................................................ 1,353 − 1,769 − 3,122

Georgia ....................................................................... 14,662 − 1,783 5 16,450

Railroad ................................................................... 14,662 − 1,593 − 16,255

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 169 5 174

Illinois ......................................................................... 30 − 1,336 26 1,391

Railroad ................................................................... 19 − 848 − 867

River ........................................................................ 10 − 364 26 400

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 82 − 82

Truck ....................................................................... − − 43 * 43

Indiana ........................................................................ 2,388 205 342 52 2,987

Railroad ................................................................... 222 205 102 26 556

River ........................................................................ 1,784 − 170 25 1,979

Truck ....................................................................... 382 − 70 1 452

Iowa ............................................................................. 27 − 284 78 389

Railroad ................................................................... − − 30 − 30

River ........................................................................ 27 − 254 78 359

Truck ....................................................................... * −−− *

Kentucky ..................................................................... 24,558 448 625 298 2 25,939

Railroad ................................................................... 8,050 423 4 * 8,477

River ........................................................................ 5,170 − 66 168 5,404

Truck ....................................................................... 11,338 25 554 130 12,047

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 10

Louisiana .................................................................... 264 − 15 − 279

River ........................................................................ 264 − 15 − 279

Maine .......................................................................... − − 168 − 168

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Maryland .................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Railroad ................................................................... 108 −−− 108

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 115 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, TOTAL (Continued)

Massachusetts ............................................................. 296 − 29 28 353

Railroad ................................................................... 166 − 29 28 223

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Michigan ..................................................................... 4,128 866 1,032 13 6,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,263 603 319 13 3,198

Great Lakes............................................................. 397 263 691 − 1,351

Truck ....................................................................... 1,468 − 23 * 1,491

Minnesota ................................................................... 19 − 139 − 157

River ........................................................................ 15 − 110 − 126

Great Lakes............................................................. 3 − 28 − 32

Mississippi .................................................................. 1,043 − 77 − 1,119

Railroad ................................................................... 1,039 −−− 1,039

River ........................................................................ 4 − 77 − 81

Missouri ...................................................................... 221 − 51 − 273

Railroad ................................................................... 218 −−− 218

River ........................................................................ 3 − 51 − 54

Nevada ........................................................................ 11 −−− 11

Railroad ................................................................... 11 −−− 11

New Jersey ................................................................. 10 −−− 10

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

New York ................................................................... 557 82 537 39 1,216

Railroad ................................................................... 557 82 537 − 1,176

River ........................................................................ −−− 39 39

North Carolina........................................................... 12,675 − 710 72 13,457

Railroad ................................................................... 12,360 − 566 72 12,998

Truck ....................................................................... 315 − 144 * 459

North Dakota ............................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Ohio ............................................................................. 7,993 614 453 81 9,140

Railroad ................................................................... 1,875 614 106 − 2,595

River ........................................................................ 5,986 − 157 32 6,174

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 29 − 29

Truck ....................................................................... 133 − 161 49 342

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 46 − 46

River ........................................................................ − − 46 − 46

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 113 102 452 47 714

Railroad ................................................................... 66 61 208 1 336

River ........................................................................ 18 40 184 46 288

Truck ....................................................................... 28 1 61 * 89

South Carolina........................................................... 10,342 − 1,378 5 11,724

Railroad ................................................................... 10,342 − 1,332 5 11,678

Truck ....................................................................... − − 46 * 46

Tennessee .................................................................... 15,121 − 1,572 79 16,772

Railroad ................................................................... 7,465 − 917 11 8,392

River ........................................................................ 7,414 − 262 67 7,743

Truck ....................................................................... 242 − 393 1 636

Texas ........................................................................... 151 − 2 − 153

Railroad ................................................................... 151 −−− 151

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Virginia ....................................................................... 4,836 − 755 77 5,668

Railroad ................................................................... 4,306 − 619 45 4,971

River ........................................................................ 444 −−− 444

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Truck ....................................................................... 76 − 136 31 243

West Virginia............................................................. 349 − 75 − 425

Railroad ................................................................... 12 − 37 − 49

River ........................................................................ 254 − 12 − 266

Truck ....................................................................... 84 − 27 − 110

Wisconsin .................................................................... 203 − 593 156 952

Railroad ................................................................... 49 − 311 * 360

River ........................................................................ 64 − 39 143 246

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 242 − 332

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

See footnotes at end of table.

116 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, TOTAL (Continued)

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 450

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 450

State Total .................................................................. 114,895 2,317 15,259 1,066 3 133,997

Railroad ................................................................... 76,293 1,988 8,478 211 86,969

River ........................................................................ 23,979 40 3,689 625 28,334

Great Lakes............................................................. 538 263 1,072 − 1,874

Tidewater ................................................................ 19 − 168 − 187

Truck ....................................................................... 14,065 25 1,852 230 16,172

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 460

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, EASTERN

Alabama ...................................................................... 181 − 234 * 415

Railroad ................................................................... 159 − 118 − 276

River ........................................................................ 22 − 90 − 112

Truck ....................................................................... − − 26 * 26

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Delaware ..................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

District of Columbia ................................................. −−− 3 3

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

Florida ......................................................................... 11,254 − 2,543 6 13,804

Railroad ................................................................... 11,254 − 774 6 12,035

River ........................................................................ − − 1,769 − 1,769

Georgia ....................................................................... 14,662 − 1,783 5 16,450

Railroad ................................................................... 14,662 − 1,593 − 16,255

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 169 5 174

Illinois ......................................................................... 19 − 1,191 26 1,236

Railroad ................................................................... 19 − 848 − 867

River ........................................................................ − − 219 26 245

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 82 − 82

Truck ....................................................................... − − 43 * 43

Indiana ........................................................................ 2,376 205 309 52 2,942

Railroad ................................................................... 222 205 102 26 556

River ........................................................................ 1,777 − 170 25 1,973

Truck ....................................................................... 377 − 37 1 414

Iowa ............................................................................. 5 − 209 54 268

Railroad ................................................................... − − 30 − 30

River ........................................................................ 5 − 178 54 237

Truck ....................................................................... * −−− *

Kentucky ..................................................................... 8,586 448 580 297 2 9,921

Railroad ................................................................... 2,690 423 4 * 3,117

River ........................................................................ 1,749 − 66 168 1,984

Truck ....................................................................... 4,147 25 509 128 4,809

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 10

Louisiana .................................................................... 1 − 15 − 16

River ........................................................................ 1 − 15 − 16

Maine .......................................................................... − − 168 − 168

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Maryland .................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Railroad ................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Massachusetts ............................................................. 296 − 29 28 353

Railroad ................................................................... 166 − 29 28 223

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Michigan ..................................................................... 4,128 866 1,032 13 6,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,263 603 319 13 3,198

Great Lakes............................................................. 397 263 691 − 1,351

Truck ....................................................................... 1,468 − 23 * 1,491

Minnesota ................................................................... 3 − 139 − 142

River ........................................................................ − − 110 − 110

Great Lakes............................................................. 3 − 28 − 32

Mississippi .................................................................. 1,039 − 3 − 1,042

Railroad ................................................................... 1,039 −−− 1,039

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 117 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, EASTERN (Continued)

Missouri ...................................................................... 218 − 43 − 261

Railroad ................................................................... 218 −−− 218

River ........................................................................ − − 43 − 43

Nevada ........................................................................ 11 −−− 11

Railroad ................................................................... 11 −−− 11

New Jersey ................................................................. 10 −−− 10

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

New York ................................................................... 557 82 537 39 1,216

Railroad ................................................................... 557 82 537 − 1,176

River ........................................................................ −−− 39 39

North Carolina........................................................... 12,675 − 710 72 13,457

Railroad ................................................................... 12,360 − 566 72 12,998

Truck ....................................................................... 315 − 144 * 459

North Dakota ............................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Ohio ............................................................................. 7,935 614 453 81 9,083

Railroad ................................................................... 1,875 614 106 − 2,595

River ........................................................................ 5,928 − 157 32 6,117

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 29 − 29

Truck ....................................................................... 133 − 161 49 342

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 46 − 46

River ........................................................................ − − 46 − 46

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 113 102 452 47 714

Railroad ................................................................... 66 61 208 1 336

River ........................................................................ 18 40 184 46 288

Truck ....................................................................... 28 1 61 * 89

South Carolina........................................................... 10,342 − 1,378 5 11,724

Railroad ................................................................... 10,342 − 1,332 5 11,678

Truck ....................................................................... − − 46 * 46

Tennessee .................................................................... 6,016 − 1,525 46 7,587

Railroad ................................................................... 5,618 − 917 11 6,546

River ........................................................................ 157 − 219 34 410

Truck ....................................................................... 241 − 390 1 632

Texas ........................................................................... 151 − 2 − 153

Railroad ................................................................... 151 −−− 151

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Virginia ....................................................................... 4,836 − 755 77 5,668

Railroad ................................................................... 4,306 − 619 45 4,971

River ........................................................................ 444 −−− 444

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Truck ....................................................................... 76 − 136 31 243

West Virginia............................................................. 349 − 75 − 425

Railroad ................................................................... 12 − 37 − 49

River ........................................................................ 254 − 12 − 266

Truck ....................................................................... 84 − 27 − 110

Wisconsin .................................................................... 203 − 372 156 730

Railroad ................................................................... 49 − 105 * 155

River ........................................................................ 64 − 23 143 230

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 242 − 332

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 199

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 199

State Total .................................................................. 86,144 2,317 14,610 1,007 3 104,287

Railroad ................................................................... 68,217 1,988 8,272 211 78,688

River ........................................................................ 10,502 40 3,328 567 14,437

Great Lakes............................................................. 538 263 1,072 − 1,874

Tidewater ................................................................ 19 − 168 − 187

Truck ....................................................................... 6,867 25 1,771 228 8,891

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 209

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, WESTERN

Alabama ...................................................................... 1,873 −−− 1,873

Railroad ................................................................... 808 −−− 808

River ........................................................................ 1,065 −−− 1,065

See footnotes at end of table.

118 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: KENTUCKY, WESTERN (Continued)

Florida ......................................................................... 1,414 −−− 1,414

Railroad ................................................................... 61 −−− 61

River ........................................................................ 1,353 −−− 1,353

Illinois ......................................................................... 10 − 145 − 155

River ........................................................................ 10 − 145 − 155

Indiana ........................................................................ 12 − 33 − 45

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Truck ....................................................................... 5 − 33 − 38

Iowa ............................................................................. 21 − 76 25 122

River ........................................................................ 21 − 76 25 122

Kentucky ..................................................................... 15,972 − 45 2 16,019

Railroad ................................................................... 5,360 −−− 5,360

River ........................................................................ 3,421 −−− 3,421

Truck ....................................................................... 7,191 − 45 2 7,238

Louisiana .................................................................... 262 −−− 262

River ........................................................................ 262 −−− 262

Minnesota ................................................................... 15 −−− 15

River ........................................................................ 15 −−− 15

Mississippi .................................................................. 4 − 74 − 78

River ........................................................................ 4 − 74 − 78

Missouri ...................................................................... 3 − 8 − 11

River ........................................................................ 3 − 8 − 11

Ohio ............................................................................. 58 −−− 58

River ........................................................................ 58 −−− 58

Tennessee .................................................................... 9,105 − 46 33 9,185

Railroad ................................................................... 1,847 −−− 1,847

River ........................................................................ 7,257 − 43 33 7,333

Truck ....................................................................... 2 − 3 − 5

Virginia ....................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Wisconsin .................................................................... − − 221 − 221

Railroad ................................................................... − − 206 − 206

River ........................................................................ − − 16 − 16

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 251

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 251

State Total .................................................................. 28,751 − 648 59 1 29,710

Railroad ................................................................... 8,076 − 206 − 8,281

River ........................................................................ 13,477 − 362 57 13,896

Truck ....................................................................... 7,198 − 81 2 7,281

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 251

ORIGIN: LOUISIANA

Louisiana .................................................................... 2,952 −−− 2,952

Truck ....................................................................... 716 −−− 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

State Total .................................................................. 2,952 −−− 2,952

Truck ....................................................................... 716 −−− 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

ORIGIN: MARYLAND

Delaware ..................................................................... 139 −−− 139

Railroad ................................................................... 139 −−− 139

Maryland .................................................................... 467 − 208 2 677

Railroad ................................................................... 183 −−− 183

Truck ....................................................................... 284 − 208 2 495

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 2 −−− 2

Truck ....................................................................... 2 −−− 2

West Virginia............................................................. 3,055 − 1 * 3,056

Truck ....................................................................... 3,055 − 1 * 3,056

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 1

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1

State Total .................................................................. 3,663 − 209 2 1 3,875

Railroad ................................................................... 322 −−− 322

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 119 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: MARYLAND (Continued)

State Total

Truck ....................................................................... 3,341 − 209 2 3,552

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1

ORIGIN: MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi .................................................................. 18 −−− 18

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

State Total .................................................................. 18 −−− 18

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

ORIGIN: MISSOURI

Kansas ......................................................................... −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Missouri ...................................................................... 312 − 78 1 391

Truck ....................................................................... 312 − 78 1 391

State Total .................................................................. 312 − 78 3 392

Truck ....................................................................... 312 − 78 3 392

ORIGIN: MONTANA

Arizona ....................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,769 −−− 1,769

Railroad ................................................................... 1,769 −−− 1,769

Indiana ........................................................................ 1,308 −−− 1,308

Railroad ................................................................... 1,308 −−− 1,308

Kansas ......................................................................... 1,319 −−− 1,319

Railroad ................................................................... 1,319 −−− 1,319

Michigan ..................................................................... 9,688 − 264 − 9,952

Railroad ................................................................... 3,474 −−− 3,474

Great Lakes............................................................. 6,214 − 264 − 6,478

Minnesota ................................................................... 9,429 −−− 9,429

Railroad ................................................................... 9,429 −−− 9,429

Mississippi .................................................................. 1,926 −−− 1,926

Railroad ................................................................... 1,926 −−− 1,926

Montana ...................................................................... 9,861 − 483 3 10,346

Railroad ................................................................... 9 −−− 9

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 64 3 289

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

North Dakota ............................................................. 810 − − 67 877

Railroad ................................................................... 810 − − 67 877

Ohio ............................................................................. − − 168 − 168

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 168 − 168

Oregon ........................................................................ 1,507 −−− 1,507

Railroad ................................................................... 1,507 −−− 1,507

South Dakota ............................................................. 1,496 −−− 1,496

Railroad ................................................................... 1,496 −−− 1,496

Wisconsin .................................................................... 482 −−− 482

Railroad ................................................................... 482 −−− 482

State Total .................................................................. 39,664 − 915 69 40,649

Railroad ................................................................... 23,598 − − 67 23,665

Great Lakes............................................................. 6,214 − 433 − 6,647

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 64 3 289

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

ORIGIN: NEW MEXICO

Arizona ....................................................................... 10,849 − 497 − 11,346

Railroad ................................................................... 10,849 − 497 − 11,346

California .................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

See footnotes at end of table.

120 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: NEW MEXICO (Continued)

Colorado ..................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

New Mexico................................................................ 16,417 − − 5 2 16,423

Railroad ................................................................... 9,378 −−− 9,378

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 0

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 64 − 64

Railroad ................................................................... − − 64 − 64

Texas ........................................................................... − − 395 − 395

Railroad ................................................................... − − 395 − 395

Wisconsin .................................................................... 216 −−− 216

Railroad ................................................................... 216 −−− 216

State Total .................................................................. 27,482 − 963 5 2 28,450

Railroad ................................................................... 20,443 − 963 − 21,406

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 0

ORIGIN: NORTH DAKOTA

North Dakota ............................................................. 24,631 − 6,257 50 30,938

Railroad ................................................................... 502 −−− 502

Truck ....................................................................... 4,492 − − 50 4,542

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

State Total .................................................................. 24,631 − 6,257 50 30,938

Railroad ................................................................... 502 −−− 502

Truck ....................................................................... 4,492 − − 50 4,542

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

ORIGIN: OHIO

Alabama ...................................................................... 31 −−− 31

River ........................................................................ 31 −−− 31

Connecticut ................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Georgia ....................................................................... 42 −−− 42

Railroad ................................................................... 42 −−− 42

Indiana ........................................................................ 29 − 61 − 91

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Truck ....................................................................... 22 − 61 − 84

Kentucky ..................................................................... 123 −−− 123

River ........................................................................ 123 −−− 123

Michigan ..................................................................... 158 − 76 5 239

Great Lakes............................................................. 2 − 1 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... 156 − 76 5 237

Minnesota ................................................................... −−− 5 5

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

New Hampshire ......................................................... 7 −−− 7

Railroad ................................................................... 7 −−− 7

New Jersey ................................................................. 16 −−− 16

Railroad ................................................................... 16 −−− 16

New York ................................................................... 1 − − 19 20

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 16 16

Truck ....................................................................... 1 − − 3 4

Ohio ............................................................................. 19,178 − 1,242 101 20,521

Railroad ................................................................... 1,335 −−− 1,335

River ........................................................................ 4,649 −−− 4,649

Great Lakes............................................................. * −−− *

Truck ....................................................................... 6,707 − 1,242 101 8,050

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 219 − 139 * 358

Railroad ................................................................... * −−− *

River ........................................................................ 167 −−− 167

Truck ....................................................................... 52 − 139 * 191

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 121 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: OHIO (Continued)

West Virginia............................................................. 1,609 −−− 1,609

River ........................................................................ 1,609 −−− 1,609

Wisconsin .................................................................... * −−− *

Railroad ................................................................... * −−− *

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 7

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 7

State Total .................................................................. 21,413 − 1,518 130 1 23,068

Railroad ................................................................... 1,400 − − 16 1,416

River ........................................................................ 6,585 −−− 6,585

Great Lakes............................................................. 2 − 1 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... 6,939 − 1,518 114 8,570

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 7

ORIGIN: OKLAHOMA

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 66 − 66

Truck ....................................................................... − − 66 − 66

Kansas ......................................................................... 71 − 5 5 82

Truck ....................................................................... 71 − 5 5 82

Oklahoma ................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

Truck ....................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

Texas ........................................................................... − − 56 − 56

Truck ....................................................................... − − 56 − 56

State Total .................................................................. 1,275 − 375 7 1,657

Truck ....................................................................... 1,275 − 375 7 1,657

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, TOTAL

Alabama ...................................................................... 306 − 11 − 317

Railroad ................................................................... 200 − * − 200

River ........................................................................ 106 − 11 − 117

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Arizona ....................................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 1*1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

California .................................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Colorado ..................................................................... 1,096 − 18 * 1,115

Railroad ................................................................... − − 18 − 18

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Truck ....................................................................... − − **1

Connecticut ................................................................. 80 − 1 5 87

Railroad ................................................................... 80 −−− 80

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

Delaware ..................................................................... 393 − 39 1 433

Railroad ................................................................... 393 − 32 * 426

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7*7

District of Columbia ................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Florida ......................................................................... 256 − * * 256

Railroad ................................................................... 256 − * − 256

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Georgia ....................................................................... 688 − 3 − 691

Railroad ................................................................... 688 − * − 688

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 113 * 114

Railroad ................................................................... − − 16 − 16

River ........................................................................ − − 97 − 97

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Indiana ........................................................................ 283 − 39 5 327

Railroad ................................................................... 68 − * * 68

River ........................................................................ 215 −−− 215

Truck ....................................................................... − − 39 5 44

See footnotes at end of table.

122 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, TOTAL (Continued)

Iowa ............................................................................. 19 − 236 25 280

Railroad ................................................................... − − 34 − 34

River ........................................................................ 19 − 200 25 243

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Kansas ......................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Kentucky ..................................................................... 589 − 19 * 608

Railroad ................................................................... 319 − 11 − 331

River ........................................................................ 269 − 3 − 272

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5*5

Louisiana .................................................................... 68 − * * 68

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

River ........................................................................ 68 −−− 68

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Maine .......................................................................... − − 12 3 15

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 * 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Maryland .................................................................... 2,881 − 292 3 3,176

Railroad ................................................................... 2,781 − 98 * 2,879

Truck ....................................................................... 100 − 194 3 297

Massachusetts ............................................................. 115 − * 10 124

Railroad ................................................................... 115 − − * 115

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

Michigan ..................................................................... 2,912 188 241 1 3,342

Railroad ................................................................... 2,647 − 94 * 2,741

River ........................................................................ 265 −−− 265

Great Lakes............................................................. − 188 147 − 334

Truck ....................................................................... − − *11

Minnesota ................................................................... − − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 5*5

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Mississippi .................................................................. − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Missouri ...................................................................... − − 639

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Montana ...................................................................... − − 3*3

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Nebraska ..................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

New Hampshire ......................................................... 556 − 1 3 560

Railroad ................................................................... 542 − − * 542

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

New Jersey ................................................................. 446 − 6 5 456

Railroad ................................................................... 446 − * * 446

Truck ....................................................................... − − 6 5 10

New Mexico................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

New York ................................................................... 4,833 − 489 53 5,376

Railroad ................................................................... 3,930 − 296 1 4,227

River ........................................................................ 48 − − 2 50

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Truck ....................................................................... 390 − 194 51 634

North Carolina........................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

North Dakota ............................................................. * − − 11 11

Truck ....................................................................... * − − 11 11

Ohio ............................................................................. 4,486 273 290 4 5,053

Railroad ................................................................... 1,555 − 18 * 1,573

River ........................................................................ 2,879 273 107 2 3,261

Great Lakes............................................................. 15 − 87 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 38 − 78 2 118

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 123 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, TOTAL (Continued)

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 17 − 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 17 − 17

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 31,755 1,395 3,128 633 2 36,912

Railroad ................................................................... 10,592 − 398 * 10,989

River ........................................................................ 3,620 1,395 70 14 5,100

Truck ....................................................................... 13,301 − 2,599 619 16,518

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 1

Rhode Island .............................................................. −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

South Carolina........................................................... 26 − 49 − 74

Railroad ................................................................... 26 − 42 − 67

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Tennessee .................................................................... 932 − 2 − 933

Railroad ................................................................... 27 − * − 27

River ........................................................................ 905 −−− 905

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Texas ........................................................................... * − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... * − **1

Utah ............................................................................. − 77 5 − 82

Railroad ................................................................... − 77 − − 77

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5 − 5

Vermont ...................................................................... −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Virginia ....................................................................... 619 − 16 1 636

Railroad ................................................................... 256 − * − 256

Truck ....................................................................... 362 − 16 1 379

West Virginia............................................................. 5,848 24 510 1 6,382

Railroad ................................................................... 28 24 * − 53

River ........................................................................ 3,991 − 417 − 4,408

Truck ....................................................................... 650 − 89 1 739

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 1,178 − 4 − 1,182

Wisconsin .................................................................... 980 − 25 1 1,007

Railroad ................................................................... 514 − 8 − 522

River ........................................................................ − − 17 1 19

Great Lakes............................................................. 466 −−− 466

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 48 − 48

Railroad ................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 166

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 166

State Total .................................................................. 60,167 1,957 5,642 771 3 68,703

Railroad ................................................................... 25,462 101 1,123 3 26,689

River ........................................................................ 13,482 1,668 924 44 16,118

Great Lakes............................................................. 947 188 233 − 1,367

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... 14,842 − 3,296 725 18,862

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 5,421 − 66 − 5,486

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 166

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, ANTHRACITE

Alabama ...................................................................... − − 11 − 11

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

River ........................................................................ − − 11 − 11

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Arizona ....................................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 1*1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

See footnotes at end of table.

124 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, ANTHRACITE (Continued)

California .................................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Colorado ..................................................................... − − 18 * 18

Railroad ................................................................... − − 18 − 18

Truck ....................................................................... − − **1

Connecticut ................................................................. − − 156

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

Delaware ..................................................................... − − 717

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7*7

District of Columbia ................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Florida ......................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Georgia ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 17 * 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Indiana ........................................................................ − − 39 5 44

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 39 5 44

Iowa ............................................................................. − − 36 * 36

Railroad ................................................................... − − 34 − 34

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Kansas ......................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Kentucky ..................................................................... − − 19 * 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 11 − 11

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5*5

Louisiana .................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Maine .......................................................................... −−− 2 2

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Maryland .................................................................... − − 98 2 100

Railroad ................................................................... − − 98 * 98

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Massachusetts ............................................................. − − * 10 10

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

Michigan ..................................................................... − − *12

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − *11

Minnesota ................................................................... − − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 5*5

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Mississippi .................................................................. − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Missouri ...................................................................... − − 639

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Montana ...................................................................... − − 3*3

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Nebraska ..................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

New Hampshire ......................................................... − − 134

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 125 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, ANTHRACITE (Continued)

New Jersey ................................................................. − − 6 5 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 6 5 10

New Mexico................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

New York ................................................................... 12 − 22 45 79

Railroad ................................................................... − − *11

Truck ....................................................................... 12 − 22 44 78

North Carolina........................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

North Dakota ............................................................. −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Ohio ............................................................................. − − 9 2 11

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 9 2 11

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 17 − 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 17 − 17

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 2,969 − 320 488 3,776

Railroad ................................................................... 172 − 37 * 209

Truck ....................................................................... 2,797 − 283 487 3,567

Rhode Island .............................................................. −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

South Carolina........................................................... − − 49 − 49

Railroad ................................................................... − − 42 − 42

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Texas ........................................................................... * − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... * − **1

Vermont ...................................................................... −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Virginia ....................................................................... − − 213

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 113

West Virginia............................................................. 3 − 45 * 48

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 45 * 48

Wisconsin .................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Railroad ................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 42

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 42

State Total .................................................................. 2,984 − 761 578 1 4,365

Railroad ................................................................... 172 − 310 3 485

River ........................................................................ − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... 2,812 − 435 575 3,822

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 42

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, BITUMINOUS

Alabama ...................................................................... 306 −−− 306

Railroad ................................................................... 200 −−− 200

River ........................................................................ 106 −−− 106

Colorado ..................................................................... 1,096 −−− 1,096

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Connecticut ................................................................. 80 − − * 80

Railroad ................................................................... 80 −−− 80

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

See footnotes at end of table.

126 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, BITUMINOUS (Continued)

Delaware ..................................................................... 393 − 32 * 425

Railroad ................................................................... 393 − 32 − 425

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Florida ......................................................................... 256 −−− 256

Railroad ................................................................... 256 −−− 256

Georgia ....................................................................... 688 −−− 688

Railroad ................................................................... 688 −−− 688

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 97 − 97

River ........................................................................ − − 97 − 97

Indiana ........................................................................ 283 −−− 283

Railroad ................................................................... 68 −−− 68

River ........................................................................ 215 −−− 215

Iowa ............................................................................. 19 − 200 25 243

River ........................................................................ 19 − 200 25 243

Kentucky ..................................................................... 589 −−− 589

Railroad ................................................................... 319 −−− 319

River ........................................................................ 269 −−− 269

Louisiana .................................................................... 68 −−− 68

River ........................................................................ 68 −−− 68

Maine .......................................................................... − − 12 * 12

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 − 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Maryland .................................................................... 2,881 − 194 1 3,076

Railroad ................................................................... 2,781 −−− 2,781

Truck ....................................................................... 100 − 194 1 295

Massachusetts ............................................................. 115 −−− 115

Railroad ................................................................... 115 −−− 115

Michigan ..................................................................... 2,912 188 240 − 3,340

Railroad ................................................................... 2,647 − 94 − 2,741

River ........................................................................ 265 −−− 265

Great Lakes............................................................. − 188 147 − 334

New Hampshire ......................................................... 556 −−− 556

Railroad ................................................................... 542 −−− 542

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

New Jersey ................................................................. 446 −−− 446

Railroad ................................................................... 446 −−− 446

New York ................................................................... 4,821 − 467 8 5,296

Railroad ................................................................... 3,930 − 296 − 4,226

River ........................................................................ 48 − − 2 50

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Truck ....................................................................... 378 − 172 6 556

North Dakota ............................................................. * − − 10 11

Truck ....................................................................... * − − 10 11

Ohio ............................................................................. 4,486 273 281 2 5,042

Railroad ................................................................... 1,555 − 18 − 1,572

River ........................................................................ 2,879 273 107 2 3,261

Great Lakes............................................................. 15 − 87 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 38 − 69 − 107

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 28,787 1,395 2,809 145 2 33,136

Railroad ................................................................... 10,420 − 361 − 10,780

River ........................................................................ 3,620 1,395 70 14 5,100

Truck ....................................................................... 10,504 − 2,316 131 12,951

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 1

South Carolina........................................................... 26 −−− 26

Railroad ................................................................... 26 −−− 26

Tennessee .................................................................... 932 −−− 932

Railroad ................................................................... 27 −−− 27

River ........................................................................ 905 −−− 905

Texas ........................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Utah ............................................................................. − 77 5 − 82

Railroad ................................................................... − 77 − − 77

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5 − 5

Virginia ....................................................................... 619 − 14 * 633

Railroad ................................................................... 256 −−− 256

Truck ....................................................................... 362 − 14 * 377

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 127 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: PENNSYLVANIA, BITUMINOUS (Continued)

West Virginia............................................................. 5,845 24 465 * 6,334

Railroad ................................................................... 28 24 − − 52

River ........................................................................ 3,991 − 417 − 4,408

Truck ....................................................................... 647 − 44 * 692

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 1,178 − 4 − 1,182

Wisconsin .................................................................... 980 − 17 1 999

Railroad ................................................................... 514 −−− 514

River ........................................................................ − − 17 1 19

Great Lakes............................................................. 466 −−− 466

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 123

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 123

State Total .................................................................. 57,184 1,957 4,881 193 3 64,338

Railroad ................................................................... 25,291 101 813 − 26,204

River ........................................................................ 13,482 1,668 908 44 16,103

Great Lakes............................................................. 947 188 233 − 1,367

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... 12,030 − 2,861 149 15,040

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 5,421 − 66 − 5,486

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 124

ORIGIN: TENNESSEE

Alabama ...................................................................... − − 49 − 49

Railroad ................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Truck ....................................................................... − − 14 − 14

Delaware ..................................................................... − − 13 − 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 13 − 13

Florida ......................................................................... 30 −−− 30

Railroad ................................................................... 30 −−− 30

Georgia ....................................................................... 776 − 35 − 811

Railroad ................................................................... 776 − 11 − 787

Truck ....................................................................... − − 24 − 24

Kentucky ..................................................................... 46 − 2 39 87

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Truck ....................................................................... 46 − 1 39 86

North Carolina........................................................... − − 354 * 354

Railroad ................................................................... − − 352 − 352

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

Ohio ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Pennsylvania ............................................................... − − 11 − 11

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 − 11

South Carolina........................................................... 289 −−− 289

Railroad ................................................................... 289 −−− 289

Tennessee .................................................................... 1,245 − 216 4 1,465

Railroad ................................................................... 542 − 142 − 684

Truck ....................................................................... 703 − 74 4 781

West Virginia............................................................. − − 33 − 33

Railroad ................................................................... − − 33 − 33

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 9

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 9

State Total .................................................................. 2,385 − 714 44 1 3,151

Railroad ................................................................... 1,637 − 574 − 2,211

Truck ....................................................................... 748 − 139 44 931

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 9

ORIGIN: TEXAS

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 12 − 12

River ........................................................................ − − 12 − 12

Michigan ..................................................................... 23 −−− 23

Great Lakes............................................................. 23 −−− 23

See footnotes at end of table.

128 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: TEXAS (Continued)

Ohio ............................................................................. 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 −−− 7

Texas ........................................................................... 50,027 − 2,828 − 52,855

Railroad ................................................................... 23,668 − 149 − 23,817

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 260 − 13,805

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

Wisconsin .................................................................... 4 −−− 4

Railroad ................................................................... 4 −−− 4

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 2

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 2

State Total .................................................................. 50,061 − 2,840 − 1 52,903

Railroad ................................................................... 23,672 − 149 − 23,821

River ........................................................................ − − 12 − 12

Great Lakes............................................................. 30 −−− 30

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 260 − 13,805

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 2

ORIGIN: UTAH

California .................................................................... 3,154 − 1,948 28 5,130

Railroad ................................................................... 3,154 − 1,946 * 5,101

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1 27 29

Colorado ..................................................................... −−− 3 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Idaho ........................................................................... − − 12 54 66

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 − 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 54 54

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,331 − 175 − 1,507

Railroad ................................................................... 1,331 − 175 − 1,507

Kansas ......................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Missouri ...................................................................... 77 − 22 − 99

Railroad ................................................................... 77 − 22 − 99

Montana ...................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Nebraska ..................................................................... 3 −−− 3

Truck ....................................................................... 3 −−− 3

Nevada ........................................................................ 3,440 − 417 * 3,857

Railroad ................................................................... 3,440 − 299 − 3,740

Truck ....................................................................... − − 117 * 118

New Mexico................................................................ −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

North Dakota ............................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Oregon ........................................................................ 287 − 144 * 431

Railroad ................................................................... 287 − 144 − 431

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Tennessee .................................................................... 1,142 −−− 1,142

Railroad ................................................................... 1,142 −−− 1,142

Texas ........................................................................... 105 −−− 105

Railroad ................................................................... 105 −−− 105

Utah ............................................................................. 10,646 − 219 114 10,979

Railroad ................................................................... 3,112 −−− 3,112

Truck ....................................................................... 4,141 − 219 114 4,474

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

Washington ................................................................. − − 51 16 67

Railroad ................................................................... − − 51 15 66

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Wyoming ..................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 10

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 10

State Total .................................................................. 20,185 − 2,992 215 1 23,402

Railroad ................................................................... 12,648 − 2,650 15 15,314

Truck ....................................................................... 4,144 − 342 200 4,685

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 129 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: UTAH (Continued)

State Total

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 10

ORIGIN: VIRGINIA

Alabama ...................................................................... − 276 325 − 601

Railroad ................................................................... − 276 325 − 601

Delaware ..................................................................... 182 −−− 182

Railroad ................................................................... 182 −−− 182

Florida ......................................................................... 589 − 2 − 590

Railroad ................................................................... 589 − 2 − 590

Georgia ....................................................................... 4,024 − 440 11 4,475

Railroad ................................................................... 4,024 − 440 11 4,475

Illinois ......................................................................... − 2 3 − 4

River ........................................................................ − 2 3 − 4

Indiana ........................................................................ 941 798 − − 1,739

Railroad ................................................................... − 798 − − 798

River ........................................................................ 941 −−− 941

Maryland .................................................................... −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Michigan ..................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

New Jersey ................................................................. 731 − 2 − 734

Tidewater ................................................................ 731 −−− 731

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

New York ................................................................... − 93 − − 93

Railroad ................................................................... − 93 − − 93

North Carolina........................................................... 281 − 396 23 700

Railroad ................................................................... 268 − 361 23 652

Truck ....................................................................... 13 − 35 * 48

Ohio ............................................................................. 427 564 * * 991

Railroad ................................................................... − 564 − − 564

River ........................................................................ 427 − * * 427

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 20 322 8 − 350

Railroad ................................................................... 20 322 8 − 350

South Carolina........................................................... 759 − 379 − 1,138

Railroad ................................................................... 759 − 379 − 1,137

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Tennessee .................................................................... 1,525 − 994 − 2,519

Railroad ................................................................... 1,525 − 939 − 2,464

Truck ....................................................................... − − 55 − 55

Texas ........................................................................... − − 4 8 12

Railroad ................................................................... − − 4 8 12

Utah ............................................................................. − 58 − − 58

Railroad ................................................................... − 58 − − 58

Virginia ....................................................................... 6,822 963 400 23 2 8,355

Railroad ................................................................... 5,336 − 371 11 5,718

Truck ....................................................................... 1,485 * 15 12 1,513

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 963 14 − 977

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 146

West Virginia............................................................. 17 296 − * 314

Railroad ................................................................... 16 289 − * 305

River ........................................................................ 1 7 − − 8

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 8

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 8

State Total .................................................................. 16,317 3,373 2,953 67 3 22,865

Railroad ................................................................... 12,718 2,401 2,829 54 18,001

River ........................................................................ 1,369 9 3 * 1,381

Tidewater ................................................................ 731 −−− 731

Truck ....................................................................... 1,499 * 107 13 1,620

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 963 14 − 977

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 154

See footnotes at end of table.

130 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WASHINGTON

Washington ................................................................. 4,074 −−− 4,074

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

State Total .................................................................. 4,074 −−− 4,074

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, TOTAL

Alabama ...................................................................... 413 1,609 134 − 2,156

Railroad ................................................................... 10 1,609 58 − 1,677

River ........................................................................ 400 − 63 − 464

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 13 − 16

Connecticut ................................................................. 715 −−− 715

Railroad ................................................................... 117 −−− 117

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Delaware ..................................................................... 507 − 18 * 525

Railroad ................................................................... 507 − 16 − 523

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

District of Columbia ................................................. − − 336

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Florida ......................................................................... 2,590 − 25 − 2,615

Railroad ................................................................... 1,125 − 9 − 1,135

River ........................................................................ 159 − 13 − 172

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Georgia ....................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Railroad ................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Illinois ......................................................................... − 1,157 392 − 1,549

Railroad ................................................................... − 736 200 − 936

River ........................................................................ − 415 172 − 587

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 20 − 20

Truck ....................................................................... − 6 − − 6

Indiana ........................................................................ 1,178 5,356 949 − 7,484

Railroad ................................................................... 381 4,665 850 − 5,896

River ........................................................................ 797 691 99 − 1,588

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Iowa ............................................................................. 3,417 − 47 68 3,531

Railroad ................................................................... 3,409 − 27 − 3,437

River ........................................................................ 7 − 20 68 95

Kentucky ..................................................................... 6,926 739 1,065 63 8,793

Railroad ................................................................... 337 739 102 12 1,190

River ........................................................................ 6,296 − 845 45 7,186

Truck ....................................................................... 294 − 117 7 418

Louisiana .................................................................... 155 −−− 155

River ........................................................................ 155 −−− 155

Maine .......................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Maryland .................................................................... 8,748 − 245 40 9,033

Railroad ................................................................... 6,772 − 163 − 6,936

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

Truck ....................................................................... 750 − 82 40 871

Massachusetts ............................................................. 870 − 4 − 873

Railroad ................................................................... 625 − 4 − 628

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

Michigan ..................................................................... 4,830 891 223 − 5,944

Railroad ................................................................... 4,737 1 202 − 4,940

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 87 890 21 − 997

Minnesota ................................................................... 5 − 87 3 94

River ........................................................................ 5 − 87 3 94

Mississippi .................................................................. 99 − 41 − 140

Railroad ................................................................... 99 − 41 − 140

Missouri ...................................................................... 199 − 65 45 308

Railroad ................................................................... 11 − 1 − 12

River ........................................................................ 188 − 63 45 297

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 131 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, TOTAL (Continued)

Nevada ........................................................................ −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

New Hampshire ......................................................... 211 −−− 211

Railroad ................................................................... 211 −−− 211

New Jersey ................................................................. 1,591 −−− 1,591

Railroad ................................................................... 1,063 −−− 1,063

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 483 −−− 483

New York ................................................................... 2,735 887 154 5 3,782

Railroad ................................................................... 2,658 887 62 − 3,608

River ........................................................................ − − 92 − 92

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

North Carolina........................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Railroad ................................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Ohio ............................................................................. 24,185 1,249 1,036 31 26,501

Railroad ................................................................... 4,124 868 373 − 5,365

River ........................................................................ 19,840 314 172 8 20,334

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 68 101 − 175

Truck ....................................................................... 215 − 389 23 627

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 14 − 14

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

River ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 19 − 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 19 − 19

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 8,043 4,823 1,764 10 14,640

Railroad ................................................................... 2,049 1,588 782 − 4,418

River ........................................................................ 5,154 3,235 907 − 9,296

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 435 − 76 10 521

South Carolina........................................................... 707 − 6 232 946

Railroad ................................................................... 707 − 6 232 946

Tennessee .................................................................... 87 − 71 15 173

Railroad ................................................................... 87 − 2 − 90

River ........................................................................ − − 48 − 48

Truck ....................................................................... − − 21 15 36

Texas ........................................................................... 167 −−− 167

Railroad ................................................................... 103 −−− 103

River ........................................................................ 63 −−− 63

Utah ............................................................................. − 141 32 − 173

Railroad ................................................................... − 141 32 − 173

Vermont ...................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Virginia ....................................................................... 3,466 142 1,039 23 4,670

Railroad ................................................................... 3,039 84 1,002 16 4,141

River ........................................................................ − − 5 − 5

Truck ....................................................................... 427 − 32 7 466

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 − − 59

West Virginia............................................................. 21,126 1,131 1,378 167 2 23,813

Railroad ................................................................... 8,098 90 13 64 8,265

River ........................................................................ 7,333 773 391 44 8,541

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 3,330 9 611 60 4,009

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 364 − 2,729

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 11

Wisconsin .................................................................... 100 − 112 − 212

Railroad ................................................................... 39 − 30 − 69

River ........................................................................ 47 − 5 − 52

Great Lakes............................................................. 13 − 78 − 91

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 69

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 69

State Total .................................................................. 105,225 18,125 10,692 760 3 134,882

Railroad ................................................................... 52,462 11,408 5,772 382 70,024

River ........................................................................ 40,498 5,428 2,991 212 49,130

Great Lakes............................................................. 157 957 220 − 1,335

Tidewater ................................................................ 4,290 259 − − 4,548

See footnotes at end of table.

132 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, TOTAL (Continued)

State Total

Truck ....................................................................... 5,453 15 1,345 166 6,978

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 59 364 − 2,787

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 80

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, NORTHERN

Alabama ...................................................................... 250 −−− 250

River ........................................................................ 250 −−− 250

Connecticut ................................................................. 614 −−− 614

Railroad ................................................................... 17 −−− 17

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Delaware ..................................................................... 175 − 18 * 193

Railroad ................................................................... 175 − 16 − 191

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Florida ......................................................................... 855 −−− 855

Railroad ................................................................... 855 −−− 855

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Railroad ................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Indiana ........................................................................ 338 −−− 338

Railroad ................................................................... 219 −−− 219

River ........................................................................ 120 −−− 120

Kentucky ..................................................................... 1,441 −−− 1,441

River ........................................................................ 1,436 −−− 1,436

Truck ....................................................................... 5 −−− 5

Louisiana .................................................................... 155 −−− 155

River ........................................................................ 155 −−− 155

Maryland .................................................................... 4,504 − 244 40 4,787

Railroad ................................................................... 3,754 − 162 − 3,916

Truck ....................................................................... 750 − 82 40 871

Massachusetts ............................................................. 3 −−− 3

Railroad ................................................................... 3 −−− 3

Michigan ..................................................................... 568 −−− 568

Railroad ................................................................... 545 −−− 545

Great Lakes............................................................. 23 −−− 23

Missouri ...................................................................... − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

New Hampshire ......................................................... 177 −−− 177

Railroad ................................................................... 177 −−− 177

New Jersey ................................................................. 1,379 −−− 1,379

Railroad ................................................................... 948 −−− 948

Tidewater ................................................................ 430 −−− 430

New York ................................................................... 2,246 317 − 1 2,565

Railroad ................................................................... 2,246 317 − − 2,563

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Ohio ............................................................................. 5,723 − 41 − 5,764

Railroad ................................................................... 1,883 − 18 − 1,901

River ........................................................................ 3,828 − 11 − 3,839

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 − 12 − 19

Truck ....................................................................... 6 −−− 6

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − * − *

River ........................................................................ − − * − *

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 6,425 833 251 2 7,510

Railroad ................................................................... 1,049 812 180 − 2,041

River ........................................................................ 5,153 21 − − 5,174

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Truck ....................................................................... 172 − 71 2 245

South Carolina........................................................... 106 −−− 106

Railroad ................................................................... 106 −−− 106

Texas ........................................................................... 19 −−− 19

Railroad ................................................................... 19 −−− 19

Virginia ....................................................................... 421 −−− 421

Truck ....................................................................... 421 −−− 421

West Virginia............................................................. 9,759 69 164 4 9,996

Railroad ................................................................... 182 69 − − 252

River ........................................................................ 4,509 − 2 − 4,510

Truck ....................................................................... 2,703 − 153 4 2,860

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 9 − 2,374

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 133 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, NORTHERN (Continued)

Wisconsin .................................................................... 21 − 72 − 94

Railroad ................................................................... 12 −−− 12

Great Lakes............................................................. 9 − 72 − 82

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 14

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 14

State Total .................................................................. 35,181 1,219 797 47 1 37,259

Railroad ................................................................... 12,191 1,198 380 − 13,769

River ........................................................................ 15,451 21 17 − 15,488

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 84 − 174

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,028 −−− 1,028

Truck ....................................................................... 4,057 − 307 47 4,411

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 9 − 2,374

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 14

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, SOUTHERN

Alabama ...................................................................... 163 1,609 134 − 1,906

Railroad ................................................................... 10 1,609 58 − 1,677

River ........................................................................ 150 − 63 − 213

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 13 − 16

Connecticut ................................................................. 101 −−− 101

Railroad ................................................................... 101 −−− 101

Delaware ..................................................................... 332 −−− 332

Railroad ................................................................... 332 −−− 332

District of Columbia ................................................. − − 336

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Florida ......................................................................... 1,735 − 25 − 1,760

Railroad ................................................................... 270 − 9 − 279

River ........................................................................ 159 − 13 − 172

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Georgia ....................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Railroad ................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Illinois ......................................................................... − 1,157 388 − 1,545

Railroad ................................................................... − 736 196 − 932

River ........................................................................ − 415 172 − 587

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 20 − 20

Truck ....................................................................... − 6 − − 6

Indiana ........................................................................ 840 5,356 949 − 7,146

Railroad ................................................................... 163 4,665 850 − 5,678

River ........................................................................ 678 691 99 − 1,468

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Iowa ............................................................................. 3,417 − 47 68 3,531

Railroad ................................................................... 3,409 − 27 − 3,437

River ........................................................................ 7 − 20 68 95

Kentucky ..................................................................... 5,485 739 1,065 63 7,352

Railroad ................................................................... 337 739 102 12 1,190

River ........................................................................ 4,859 − 845 45 5,750

Truck ....................................................................... 289 − 117 7 413

Maine .......................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Maryland .................................................................... 4,244 − 1 − 4,245

Railroad ................................................................... 3,018 − 1 − 3,019

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

Massachusetts ............................................................. 867 − 4 − 870

Railroad ................................................................... 621 − 4 − 625

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

Michigan ..................................................................... 4,261 891 223 − 5,375

Railroad ................................................................... 4,191 1 202 − 4,394

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 63 890 21 − 974

Minnesota ................................................................... 5 − 87 3 94

River ........................................................................ 5 − 87 3 94

Mississippi .................................................................. 99 − 41 − 140

Railroad ................................................................... 99 − 41 − 140

See footnotes at end of table.

134 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, SOUTHERN (Continued)

Missouri ...................................................................... 199 − 61 45 305

Railroad ................................................................... 11 − 1 − 12

River ........................................................................ 188 − 60 45 293

Nevada ........................................................................ −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

New Hampshire ......................................................... 34 −−− 34

Railroad ................................................................... 34 −−− 34

New Jersey ................................................................. 212 −−− 212

Railroad ................................................................... 114 −−− 114

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 52 −−− 52

New York ................................................................... 489 570 154 4 1,217

Railroad ................................................................... 412 570 62 − 1,044

River ........................................................................ − − 92 − 92

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 4 4

North Carolina........................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Railroad ................................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Ohio ............................................................................. 18,462 1,249 995 31 20,737

Railroad ................................................................... 2,241 868 356 − 3,465

River ........................................................................ 16,012 314 161 8 16,495

Great Lakes............................................................. − 68 89 − 157

Truck ....................................................................... 209 − 389 23 621

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 13 − 13

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

River ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Oregon ........................................................................ − − 19 − 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 19 − 19

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 1,618 3,990 1,513 8 7,130

Railroad ................................................................... 999 776 602 − 2,377

River ........................................................................ 1 3,214 907 − 4,122

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 262 − 5 8 276

South Carolina........................................................... 601 − 6 232 840

Railroad ................................................................... 601 − 6 232 840

Tennessee .................................................................... 87 − 71 15 173

Railroad ................................................................... 87 − 2 − 90

River ........................................................................ − − 48 − 48

Truck ....................................................................... − − 21 15 36

Texas ........................................................................... 148 −−− 148

Railroad ................................................................... 84 −−− 84

River ........................................................................ 63 −−− 63

Utah ............................................................................. − 141 32 − 173

Railroad ................................................................... − 141 32 − 173

Vermont ...................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Virginia ....................................................................... 3,044 142 1,039 23 4,249

Railroad ................................................................... 3,039 84 1,002 16 4,141

River ........................................................................ − − 5 − 5

Truck ....................................................................... 6 − 32 7 44

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 − − 59

West Virginia............................................................. 11,367 1,062 1,214 163 2 13,817

Railroad ................................................................... 7,916 21 13 64 8,013

River ........................................................................ 2,824 773 389 44 4,030

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 627 9 458 56 1,149

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 354 − 354

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 11

Wisconsin .................................................................... 78 − 40 − 118

Railroad ................................................................... 27 − 30 − 57

River ........................................................................ 47 − 5 − 52

Great Lakes............................................................. 4 − 6 − 10

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 54

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 54

State Total .................................................................. 70,044 16,906 9,895 713 3 97,624

Railroad ................................................................... 40,271 10,210 5,393 382 56,255

River ........................................................................ 25,047 5,407 2,975 212 33,641

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 135 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WEST VIRGINIA, SOUTHERN (Continued)

State Total

Great Lakes............................................................. 67 957 136 − 1,161

Tidewater ................................................................ 3,262 259 − − 3,521

Truck ....................................................................... 1,396 15 1,037 119 2,567

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 354 − 413

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 65

ORIGIN: WYOMING

Alabama ...................................................................... 10,679 −−− 10,679

Railroad ................................................................... 10,679 −−− 10,679

Arizona ....................................................................... 142 −−− 142

Railroad ................................................................... 142 −−− 142

Arkansas ..................................................................... 15,167 −−− 15,167

Railroad ................................................................... 15,167 −−− 15,167

California .................................................................... − − 189 − 189

Railroad ................................................................... − − 189 − 189

Colorado ..................................................................... 11,015 − 62 − 11,077

Railroad ................................................................... 11,015 − 62 − 11,077

Florida ......................................................................... 416 −−− 416

River ........................................................................ 416 −−− 416

Georgia ....................................................................... 6,805 −−− 6,805

Railroad ................................................................... 6,805 −−− 6,805

Idaho ........................................................................... − − 248 1 249

Railroad ................................................................... − − 237 − 237

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 1 12

Illinois ......................................................................... 23,311 −−− 23,311

Railroad ................................................................... 23,311 −−− 23,311

Indiana ........................................................................ 14,315 −−− 14,315

Railroad ................................................................... 7,102 −−− 7,102

River ........................................................................ 7,213 −−− 7,213

Iowa ............................................................................. 23,251 − 849 − 24,100

Railroad ................................................................... 23,251 − 849 − 24,100

Kansas ......................................................................... 13,751 −−− 13,751

Railroad ................................................................... 13,751 −−− 13,751

Kentucky ..................................................................... 1,789 −−− 1,789

Railroad ................................................................... 1,789 −−− 1,789

Louisiana .................................................................... 11,130 −−− 11,130

Railroad ................................................................... 11,130 −−− 11,130

Michigan ..................................................................... 10,462 −−− 10,462

Railroad ................................................................... 9,505 −−− 9,505

Great Lakes............................................................. 957 −−− 957

Minnesota ................................................................... 8,803 − 159 6 8,968

Railroad ................................................................... 7,946 − 159 6 8,111

Great Lakes............................................................. 470 −−− 470

Truck ....................................................................... 387 −−− 387

Missouri ...................................................................... 35,958 −−− 35,958

Railroad ................................................................... 34,537 −−− 34,537

River ........................................................................ 1,422 −−− 1,422

Montana ...................................................................... 656 − 67 * 724

Railroad ................................................................... 656 − 67 − 723

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Nebraska ..................................................................... 12,060 − 166 − 12,226

Railroad ................................................................... 12,060 − 166 − 12,226

North Carolina........................................................... 28 −−− 28

Railroad ................................................................... 28 −−− 28

Ohio ............................................................................. 3,364 − 475 − 3,840

Railroad ................................................................... 3,364 −−− 3,364

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 475 − 475

Oklahoma ................................................................... 21,058 − 5 − 21,063

Railroad ................................................................... 21,058 − 5 − 21,063

Oregon ........................................................................ 2,012 − 28 − 2,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,012 − 28 − 2,040

South Carolina........................................................... 1,122 −−− 1,122

Railroad ................................................................... 1,122 −−− 1,122

See footnotes at end of table.

136 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: WYOMING (Continued)

South Dakota ............................................................. 679 − 267 1 947

Railroad ................................................................... 558 −−− 558

Truck ....................................................................... 120 − 267 1 388

Tennessee .................................................................... 2,743 −−− 2,743

Railroad ................................................................... 2,743 −−− 2,743

Texas ........................................................................... 47,438 − 176 − 47,614

Railroad ................................................................... 47,438 − 176 − 47,614

Utah ............................................................................. 15 − − * 15

Railroad ................................................................... 15 −−− 15

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Washington ................................................................. 82 − − * 83

Railroad ................................................................... 82 − − * 83

Wisconsin .................................................................... 22,849 − 929 − 23,778

Railroad ................................................................... 22,164 − 929 − 23,093

River ........................................................................ 191 −−− 191

Great Lakes............................................................. 494 −−− 494

Wyoming ..................................................................... 26,509 − 1,907 104 28,519

Railroad ................................................................... 14,227 − 1,216 1 15,444

Truck ....................................................................... 761 − 691 103 1,555

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 3

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 3

State Total .................................................................. 327,609 − 5,527 113 1 333,253

Railroad ................................................................... 303,657 − 4,083 8 307,748

River ........................................................................ 9,242 −−− 9,242

Great Lakes............................................................. 1,921 − 475 − 2,397

Truck ....................................................................... 1,269 − 969 105 2,343

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 3

ORIGIN: U.S. TOTAL

Alabama ...................................................................... 27,213 2,107 2,139 23 31,482

Railroad ................................................................... 17,778 2,046 557 − 20,380

River ........................................................................ 6,318 − 164 − 6,482

Tidewater ................................................................ 100 −−− 100

Truck ....................................................................... 3,017 61 1,418 23 4,520

Alaska ......................................................................... 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

Arizona ....................................................................... 19,737 − 595 * 20,332

Railroad ................................................................... 19,737 − 595 − 20,332

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Arkansas ..................................................................... 15,167 − 213 * 15,380

Railroad ................................................................... 15,167 − 142 − 15,309

Truck ....................................................................... − − 70 * 70

California .................................................................... 3,154 − 2,153 28 5,335

Railroad ................................................................... 3,154 − 2,151 * 5,305

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 27 29

Colorado ..................................................................... 23,732 − 655 102 24,490

Railroad ................................................................... 18,375 − 456 − 18,831

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Truck ....................................................................... 4,260 − 199 102 4,562

Connecticut ................................................................. 795 − 1 5 801

Railroad ................................................................... 197 −−− 197

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

Delaware ..................................................................... 1,291 − 70 1 1,362

Railroad ................................................................... 1,291 − 48 * 1,339

Truck ....................................................................... − − 22 1 22

District of Columbia ................................................. − − 369

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 6 6

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Florida ......................................................................... 20,850 − 2,570 6 23,426

Railroad ................................................................... 14,388 − 785 6 15,180

River ........................................................................ 5,156 − 1,782 − 6,938

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 137 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

Florida

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3*3

Georgia ....................................................................... 31,517 − 2,261 17 33,795

Railroad ................................................................... 31,517 − 2,045 11 33,573

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 195 5 201

Idaho ........................................................................... − − 261 55 315

Railroad ................................................................... − − 249 − 249

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 55 66

Illinois ......................................................................... 42,326 1,158 4,918 181 48,583

Railroad ................................................................... 35,436 736 2,607 − 38,779

River ........................................................................ 3,288 417 647 51 4,402

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 102 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 3,603 6 1,540 130 5,279

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

Indiana ........................................................................ 54,357 7,662 3,095 343 65,457

Railroad ................................................................... 33,414 6,971 1,141 27 41,552

River ........................................................................ 11,727 691 562 28 13,008

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Truck ....................................................................... 8,593 − 1,392 288 10,273

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

Iowa ............................................................................. 28,476 − 2,081 389 30,946

Railroad ................................................................... 26,903 − 1,190 − 28,093

River ........................................................................ 1,573 − 695 389 2,657

Truck ....................................................................... * − 195 * 196

Kansas ......................................................................... 16,134 − 6 7 16,147

Railroad ................................................................... 15,657 − 1 − 15,658

Truck ....................................................................... 477 − 5 7 489

Kentucky ..................................................................... 39,258 1,187 1,711 401 2 42,567

Railroad ................................................................... 14,609 1,162 119 12 15,902

River ........................................................................ 12,094 − 915 214 13,222

Truck ....................................................................... 12,555 25 677 176 13,433

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 10

Louisiana .................................................................... 14,570 − 15 * 14,584

Railroad ................................................................... 11,130 − * − 11,130

River ........................................................................ 487 − 15 − 502

Truck ....................................................................... 716 − − * 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

Maine .......................................................................... − − 180 3 182

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 * 12

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Truck ....................................................................... − − *22

Maryland .................................................................... 12,205 − 745 46 12,996

Railroad ................................................................... 9,845 − 261 * 10,106

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

Truck ....................................................................... 1,134 − 483 46 1,664

Massachusetts ............................................................. 1,281 − 33 37 1,351

Railroad ................................................................... 906 − 33 28 966

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

Michigan ..................................................................... 32,324 1,944 1,837 20 36,125

Railroad ................................................................... 22,637 604 615 14 23,869

River ........................................................................ 315 −−− 315

Great Lakes............................................................. 7,747 1,341 1,123 − 10,212

Truck ....................................................................... 1,624 − 99 6 1,729

Minnesota ................................................................... 18,410 − 389 15 18,814

Railroad ................................................................... 17,458 − 164 6 17,628

River ........................................................................ 92 − 197 3 292

Great Lakes............................................................. 473 − 28 − 501

Truck ....................................................................... 387 − * 5 393

Mississippi .................................................................. 5,621 − 191 − 5,812

Railroad ................................................................... 4,165 − 41 − 4,206

River ........................................................................ 393 − 115 − 507

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,045 −−− 1,045

Truck ....................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

See footnotes at end of table.

138 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

Missouri ...................................................................... 40,097 − 776 226 41,098

Railroad ................................................................... 37,613 − 29 * 37,643

River ........................................................................ 2,112 − 168 45 2,324

Truck ....................................................................... 372 − 579 181 1,131

Montana ...................................................................... 10,517 − 557 3 11,077

Railroad ................................................................... 665 − 70 − 735

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 67 3 293

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

Nebraska ..................................................................... 12,069 − 188 − 12,257

Railroad ................................................................... 12,066 − 188 − 12,254

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − * − 3

Nevada ........................................................................ 7,946 − 417 * 8,363

Railroad ................................................................... 3,452 − 299 − 3,751

Truck ....................................................................... − − 117 * 118

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

New Hampshire ......................................................... 773 − 1 3 777

Railroad ................................................................... 760 − − * 760

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

New Jersey ................................................................. 2,794 − 8 5 2,807

Railroad ................................................................... 1,525 − * * 1,525

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,224 −−− 1,224

Truck ....................................................................... − − 8 5 13

New Mexico................................................................ 16,443 − 72 6 2 16,521

Railroad ................................................................... 9,378 − * − 9,378

Truck ....................................................................... 26 − 72 6 104

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 0

New York ................................................................... 8,126 1,063 1,181 180 10,550

Railroad ................................................................... 7,145 1,063 896 17 9,120

River ........................................................................ 48 − 92 41 181

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... 391 − 194 122 706

North Carolina........................................................... 21,426 − 3,229 150 24,805

Railroad ................................................................... 21,098 − 3,049 149 24,297

Truck ....................................................................... 328 − 180 1 508

North Dakota ............................................................. 25,441 − 6,257 128 31,826

Railroad ................................................................... 1,312 − − 67 1,379

Truck ....................................................................... 4,493 − − 61 4,554

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

Ohio ............................................................................. 59,713 2,700 3,664 217 66,294

Railroad ................................................................... 12,298 2,045 498 * 14,841

River ........................................................................ 33,806 587 436 42 34,872

Great Lakes............................................................. 29 68 860 − 957

Truck ....................................................................... 7,093 − 1,869 175 9,137

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

Oklahoma ................................................................... 22,261 − 379 2 22,642

Railroad ................................................................... 21,058 − 76 * 21,134

River ........................................................................ − − 55 − 55

Truck ....................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

Oregon ........................................................................ 3,805 − 216 * 4,021

Railroad ................................................................... 3,805 − 216 − 4,021

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Pennsylvania ............................................................... 40,152 6,798 5,502 690 2 53,143

Railroad ................................................................... 12,727 2,128 1,395 1 16,251

River ........................................................................ 8,960 4,670 1,161 60 14,851

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 13,817 1 2,885 629 17,331

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 1

Rhode Island .............................................................. −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

South Carolina........................................................... 13,245 − 1,811 237 15,293

Railroad ................................................................... 13,245 − 1,758 237 15,240

Truck ....................................................................... − − 53 * 53

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 139 
Table 63. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin State, Consumer, Destination

and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial State of Destination Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

ORIGIN: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

South Dakota ............................................................. 2,175 − 267 1 2,443

Railroad ................................................................... 2,054 −−− 2,054

Truck ....................................................................... 120 − 267 1 388

Tennessee .................................................................... 28,823 − 2,901 98 31,822

Railroad ................................................................... 16,333 − 2,000 11 18,344

River ........................................................................ 11,545 − 310 67 11,922

Truck ....................................................................... 945 − 592 20 1,557

Texas ........................................................................... 100,499 − 3,809 8 104,316

Railroad ................................................................... 74,076 − 1,068 8 75,152

River ........................................................................ 63 − 3 − 67

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 319 * 13,865

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

Utah ............................................................................. 12,020 527 257 114 12,918

Railroad ................................................................... 4,486 527 32 − 5,045

Truck ....................................................................... 4,141 − 224 114 4,479

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

Vermont ...................................................................... − − *22

Truck ....................................................................... − − *22

Virginia ....................................................................... 15,742 1,106 2,210 124 2 19,328

Railroad ................................................................... 12,938 84 1,992 73 15,086

River ........................................................................ 444 − 5 − 449

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Truck ....................................................................... 2,351 * 199 51 2,601

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 1,022 14 − 1,036

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 146

Washington ................................................................. 4,157 − 51 17 4,224

Railroad ................................................................... 82 − 51 16 149

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

West Virginia............................................................. 32,004 1,451 1,997 168 2 35,632

Railroad ................................................................... 8,154 403 83 64 8,704

River ........................................................................ 13,188 781 819 44 14,832

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 7,119 9 727 60 7,915

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,543 − 368 − 3,911

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 11

Wisconsin .................................................................... 26,001 − 1,849 157 28,007

Railroad ................................................................... 23,704 − 1,441 * 25,146

River ........................................................................ 1,232 − 61 144 1,438

Great Lakes............................................................. 1,064 − 345 − 1,409

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

Wyoming ..................................................................... 26,509 − 2,103 104 28,715

Railroad ................................................................... 14,227 − 1,219 1 15,447

Truck ....................................................................... 761 − 884 103 1,748

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

Unknown State........................................................... −−−− 1 1,612

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1,612

U.S. Total.................................................................... 941,636 27,703 65,824 4,879 3 1,041,823

Railroad ................................................................... 628,110 17,768 29,574 1,239 676,691

River ........................................................................ 114,066 7,145 8,226 1,128 130,566

Great Lakes............................................................. 9,877 1,408 2,459 − 13,745

Tidewater ................................................................ 6,199 259 168 − 6,625

Truck ....................................................................... 93,632 101 15,838 2,511 112,083

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 89,751 1,022 9,559 − 100,332

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 1,781

1 Includes distribution to unknown consumers.

2 Includes distribution to the transportation sector.

3 Includes distribution to both the transportation sector and unknown consumers.

* Quantity is less than 500 short tons or percent is less than .05.

 Note: Total may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

140 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: ALABAMA

Alabama ...................................................................... 12,392 222 1,387 23 14,024

Railroad ................................................................... 5,262 161 21 − 5,444

River ........................................................................ 4,116 −−− 4,116

Truck ....................................................................... 3,014 61 1,366 23 4,464

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,338 −−− 1,338

Railroad ................................................................... 661 −−− 661

River ........................................................................ 577 −−− 577

Tidewater ................................................................ 100 −−− 100

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 2,054 − 234 * 2,288

Railroad ................................................................... 967 − 118 − 1,085

River ........................................................................ 1,087 − 90 − 1,178

Truck ....................................................................... − − 26 * 26

Eastern ..................................................................... 181 − 234 * 415

Railroad ................................................................... 159 − 118 − 276

River ........................................................................ 22 − 90 − 112

Truck ....................................................................... − − 26 * 26

Western .................................................................... 1,873 −−− 1,873

Railroad ................................................................... 808 −−− 808

River ........................................................................ 1,065 −−− 1,065

Ohio ............................................................................. 31 −−− 31

River ........................................................................ 31 −−− 31

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 306 − 11 − 317

Railroad ................................................................... 200 − * − 200

River ........................................................................ 106 − 11 − 117

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 11 − 11

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

River ........................................................................ − − 11 − 11

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Bituminous .............................................................. 306 −−− 306

Railroad ................................................................... 200 −−− 200

River ........................................................................ 106 −−− 106

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 49 − 49

Railroad ................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Truck ....................................................................... − − 14 − 14

Virginia ....................................................................... − 276 325 − 601

Railroad ................................................................... − 276 325 − 601

West Virginia Total................................................... 413 1,609 134 − 2,156

Railroad ................................................................... 10 1,609 58 − 1,677

River ........................................................................ 400 − 63 − 464

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 13 − 16

Northern .................................................................. 250 −−− 250

River ........................................................................ 250 −−− 250

Southern .................................................................. 163 1,609 134 − 1,906

Railroad ................................................................... 10 1,609 58 − 1,677

River ........................................................................ 150 − 63 − 213

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 13 − 16

Wyoming ..................................................................... 10,679 −−− 10,679

Railroad ................................................................... 10,679 −−− 10,679

State Total .................................................................. 27,213 2,107 2,139 23 31,482

Railroad ................................................................... 17,778 2,046 557 − 20,380

River ........................................................................ 6,318 − 164 − 6,482

Tidewater ................................................................ 100 −−− 100

Truck ....................................................................... 3,017 61 1,418 23 4,520

DESTINATION: ALASKA

Alaska ......................................................................... 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

State Total .................................................................. 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 141 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: ARIZONA

Arizona ....................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Railroad ................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Colorado ..................................................................... 547 − 98 * 645

Railroad ................................................................... 547 − 98 − 645

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Montana ...................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

New Mexico................................................................ 10,849 − 497 − 11,346

Railroad ................................................................... 10,849 − 497 − 11,346

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Wyoming ..................................................................... 142 −−− 142

Railroad ................................................................... 142 −−− 142

State Total .................................................................. 19,737 − 595 * 20,332

Railroad ................................................................... 19,737 − 595 − 20,332

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

DESTINATION: ARKANSAS

Alabama ...................................................................... − − 113 − 113

Railroad ................................................................... − − 113 − 113

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Colorado ..................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Kentucky Total .......................................................... − − 20 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Eastern ..................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... − − 20 − 20

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 66 − 66

Truck ....................................................................... − − 66 − 66

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 1*1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 1*1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

Wyoming ..................................................................... 15,167 −−− 15,167

Railroad ................................................................... 15,167 −−− 15,167

State Total .................................................................. 15,167 − 213 * 15,380

Railroad ................................................................... 15,167 − 142 − 15,309

Truck ....................................................................... − − 70 * 70

DESTINATION: CALIFORNIA

Colorado ..................................................................... − − 10 − 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − 10 − 10

New Mexico................................................................ − − 6 − 6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Utah ............................................................................. 3,154 − 1,948 28 5,130

Railroad ................................................................... 3,154 − 1,946 * 5,101

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1 27 29

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 189 − 189

Railroad ................................................................... − − 189 − 189

State Total .................................................................. 3,154 − 2,153 28 5,335

Railroad ................................................................... 3,154 − 2,151 * 5,305

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 27 29

See footnotes at end of table.

142 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: COLORADO

Colorado ..................................................................... 11,621 − 573 99 12,294

Railroad ................................................................... 7,360 − 375 − 7,735

Truck ....................................................................... 4,260 − 199 99 4,559

New Mexico................................................................ − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 1,096 − 18 * 1,115

Railroad ................................................................... − − 18 − 18

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Truck ....................................................................... − − **1

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 18 * 18

Railroad ................................................................... − − 18 − 18

Truck ....................................................................... − − **1

Bituminous .............................................................. 1,096 −−− 1,096

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Utah ............................................................................. −−− 3 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Wyoming ..................................................................... 11,015 − 62 − 11,077

Railroad ................................................................... 11,015 − 62 − 11,077

State Total .................................................................. 23,732 − 655 102 24,490

Railroad ................................................................... 18,375 − 456 − 18,831

River ........................................................................ 1,096 −−− 1,096

Truck ....................................................................... 4,260 − 199 102 4,562

DESTINATION: CONNECTICUT

Ohio ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 80 − 1 5 87

Railroad ................................................................... 80 −−− 80

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 156

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

Bituminous .............................................................. 80 − − * 80

Railroad ................................................................... 80 −−− 80

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... 715 −−− 715

Railroad ................................................................... 117 −−− 117

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Northern .................................................................. 614 −−− 614

Railroad ................................................................... 17 −−− 17

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Southern .................................................................. 101 −−− 101

Railroad ................................................................... 101 −−− 101

State Total .................................................................. 795 − 1 5 801

Railroad ................................................................... 197 −−− 197

Tidewater ................................................................ 598 −−− 598

Truck ....................................................................... − − 156

DESTINATION: DELAWARE

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Eastern ..................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Railroad ................................................................... 69 −−− 69

Maryland .................................................................... 139 −−− 139

Railroad ................................................................... 139 −−− 139

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 393 − 39 1 433

Railroad ................................................................... 393 − 32 * 426

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7*7

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 717

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7*7

Bituminous .............................................................. 393 − 32 * 425

Railroad ................................................................... 393 − 32 − 425

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 143 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: DELAWARE (Continued)

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 13 − 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 13 − 13

Virginia ....................................................................... 182 −−− 182

Railroad ................................................................... 182 −−− 182

West Virginia Total................................................... 507 − 18 * 525

Railroad ................................................................... 507 − 16 − 523

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Northern .................................................................. 175 − 18 * 193

Railroad ................................................................... 175 − 16 − 191

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Southern .................................................................. 332 −−− 332

Railroad ................................................................... 332 −−− 332

State Total .................................................................. 1,291 − 70 1 1,362

Railroad ................................................................... 1,291 − 48 * 1,339

Truck ....................................................................... − − 22 1 22

DESTINATION: DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... −−− 3 3

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

Eastern ..................................................................... −−− 3 3

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Anthracite ................................................................ −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... − − 336

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Southern .................................................................. − − 336

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 3 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

State Total .................................................................. − − 369

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 6 6

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

DESTINATION: FLORIDA

Illinois ......................................................................... 4,300 −−− 4,300

Railroad ................................................................... 1,073 −−− 1,073

River ........................................................................ 3,227 −−− 3,227

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 12,668 − 2,543 6 15,218

Railroad ................................................................... 11,315 − 774 6 12,096

River ........................................................................ 1,353 − 1,769 − 3,122

Eastern ..................................................................... 11,254 − 2,543 6 13,804

Railroad ................................................................... 11,254 − 774 6 12,035

River ........................................................................ − − 1,769 − 1,769

Western .................................................................... 1,414 −−− 1,414

Railroad ................................................................... 61 −−− 61

River ........................................................................ 1,353 −−− 1,353

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 256 − * * 256

Railroad ................................................................... 256 − * − 256

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Anthracite ................................................................ − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Bituminous .............................................................. 256 −−− 256

Railroad ................................................................... 256 −−− 256

Tennessee .................................................................... 30 −−− 30

Railroad ................................................................... 30 −−− 30

Virginia ....................................................................... 589 − 2 − 590

Railroad ................................................................... 589 − 2 − 590

West Virginia Total................................................... 2,590 − 25 − 2,615

Railroad ................................................................... 1,125 − 9 − 1,135

River ........................................................................ 159 − 13 − 172

See footnotes at end of table.

144 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: FLORIDA (Continued)

West Virginia Total

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Northern .................................................................. 855 −−− 855

Railroad ................................................................... 855 −−− 855

Southern .................................................................. 1,735 − 25 − 1,760

Railroad ................................................................... 270 − 9 − 279

River ........................................................................ 159 − 13 − 172

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Wyoming ..................................................................... 416 −−− 416

River ........................................................................ 416 −−− 416

State Total .................................................................. 20,850 − 2,570 6 23,426

Railroad ................................................................... 14,388 − 785 6 15,180

River ........................................................................ 5,156 − 1,782 − 6,938

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,306 −−− 1,306

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3*3

DESTINATION: GEORGIA

Alabama ...................................................................... 194 −−− 194

Railroad ................................................................... 194 −−− 194

Illinois ......................................................................... 614 −−− 614

Railroad ................................................................... 614 −−− 614

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 14,662 − 1,783 5 16,450

Railroad ................................................................... 14,662 − 1,593 − 16,255

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 169 5 174

Eastern ..................................................................... 14,662 − 1,783 5 16,450

Railroad ................................................................... 14,662 − 1,593 − 16,255

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 169 5 174

Ohio ............................................................................. 42 −−− 42

Railroad ................................................................... 42 −−− 42

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 688 − 3 − 691

Railroad ................................................................... 688 − * − 688

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Bituminous .............................................................. 688 −−− 688

Railroad ................................................................... 688 −−− 688

Tennessee .................................................................... 776 − 35 − 811

Railroad ................................................................... 776 − 11 − 787

Truck ....................................................................... − − 24 − 24

Virginia ....................................................................... 4,024 − 440 11 4,475

Railroad ................................................................... 4,024 − 440 11 4,475

West Virginia Total................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Railroad ................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Southern .................................................................. 3,713 −−− 3,713

Railroad ................................................................... 3,713 −−− 3,713

Wyoming ..................................................................... 6,805 −−− 6,805

Railroad ................................................................... 6,805 −−− 6,805

State Total .................................................................. 31,517 − 2,261 17 33,795

Railroad ................................................................... 31,517 − 2,045 11 33,573

River ........................................................................ − − 21 − 21

Truck ....................................................................... − − 195 5 201

DESTINATION: IDAHO

Utah ............................................................................. − − 12 54 66

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 − 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 54 54

Wyoming ..................................................................... − − 248 1 249

Railroad ................................................................... − − 237 − 237

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 1 12

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 145 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: IDAHO (Continued)

State Total .................................................................. − − 261 55 315

Railroad ................................................................... − − 249 − 249

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 55 66

DESTINATION: ILLINOIS

Colorado ..................................................................... 171 − 159 − 330

Railroad ................................................................... 30 − 155 − 185

River ........................................................................ 141 −−− 141

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Illinois ......................................................................... 14,748 − 2,701 143 17,592

Railroad ................................................................... 8,235 − 1,186 − 9,420

River ........................................................................ 3,136 − − 25 3,161

Truck ....................................................................... 3,378 − 1,494 118 4,989

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

Indiana ........................................................................ 965 − 27 12 1,004

Railroad ................................................................... 740 − 27 − 767

Truck ....................................................................... 225 − − 12 237

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 30 − 1,336 26 1,391

Railroad ................................................................... 19 − 848 − 867

River ........................................................................ 10 − 364 26 400

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 82 − 82

Truck ....................................................................... − − 43 * 43

Eastern ..................................................................... 19 − 1,191 26 1,236

Railroad ................................................................... 19 − 848 − 867

River ........................................................................ − − 219 26 245

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 82 − 82

Truck ....................................................................... − − 43 * 43

Western .................................................................... 10 − 145 − 155

River ........................................................................ 10 − 145 − 155

Montana ...................................................................... 1,769 −−− 1,769

Railroad ................................................................... 1,769 −−− 1,769

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 113 * 114

Railroad ................................................................... − − 16 − 16

River ........................................................................ − − 97 − 97

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 17 * 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Bituminous .............................................................. − − 97 − 97

River ........................................................................ − − 97 − 97

Texas ........................................................................... − − 12 − 12

River ........................................................................ − − 12 − 12

Utah ............................................................................. 1,331 − 175 − 1,507

Railroad ................................................................... 1,331 − 175 − 1,507

Virginia ....................................................................... − 2 3 − 4

River ........................................................................ − 2 3 − 4

West Virginia Total................................................... − 1,157 392 − 1,549

Railroad ................................................................... − 736 200 − 936

River ........................................................................ − 415 172 − 587

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 20 − 20

Truck ....................................................................... − 6 − − 6

Northern .................................................................. − − 4 − 4

Railroad ................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Southern .................................................................. − 1,157 388 − 1,545

Railroad ................................................................... − 736 196 − 932

River ........................................................................ − 415 172 − 587

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 20 − 20

Truck ....................................................................... − 6 − − 6

Wyoming ..................................................................... 23,311 −−− 23,311

Railroad ................................................................... 23,311 −−− 23,311

State Total .................................................................. 42,326 1,158 4,918 181 48,583

Railroad ................................................................... 35,436 736 2,607 − 38,779

River ........................................................................ 3,288 417 647 51 4,402

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 102 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 3,603 6 1,540 130 5,279

See footnotes at end of table.

146 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: ILLINOIS (Continued)

State Total

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

DESTINATION: INDIANA

Alabama ...................................................................... − 1,302 − − 1,302

Railroad ................................................................... − 1,302 − − 1,302

Illinois ......................................................................... 5,007 − 152 3 5,162

Railroad ................................................................... 3,956 −−− 3,956

River ........................................................................ 770 − − 3 773

Truck ....................................................................... 282 − 152 − 434

Indiana ........................................................................ 28,908 − 1,551 283 30,742

Railroad ................................................................... 20,377 − 188 * 20,565

River ........................................................................ − − 293 − 293

Truck ....................................................................... 7,907 − 1,070 283 9,260

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 2,388 205 342 52 2,987

Railroad ................................................................... 222 205 102 26 556

River ........................................................................ 1,784 − 170 25 1,979

Truck ....................................................................... 382 − 70 1 452

Eastern ..................................................................... 2,376 205 309 52 2,942

Railroad ................................................................... 222 205 102 26 556

River ........................................................................ 1,777 − 170 25 1,973

Truck ....................................................................... 377 − 37 1 414

Western .................................................................... 12 − 33 − 45

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Truck ....................................................................... 5 − 33 − 38

Montana ...................................................................... 1,308 −−− 1,308

Railroad ................................................................... 1,308 −−− 1,308

Ohio ............................................................................. 29 − 61 − 91

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Truck ....................................................................... 22 − 61 − 84

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 283 − 39 5 327

Railroad ................................................................... 68 − * * 68

River ........................................................................ 215 −−− 215

Truck ....................................................................... − − 39 5 44

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 39 5 44

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 39 5 44

Bituminous .............................................................. 283 −−− 283

Railroad ................................................................... 68 −−− 68

River ........................................................................ 215 −−− 215

Virginia ....................................................................... 941 798 − − 1,739

Railroad ................................................................... − 798 − − 798

River ........................................................................ 941 −−− 941

West Virginia Total................................................... 1,178 5,356 949 − 7,484

Railroad ................................................................... 381 4,665 850 − 5,896

River ........................................................................ 797 691 99 − 1,588

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Northern .................................................................. 338 −−− 338

Railroad ................................................................... 219 −−− 219

River ........................................................................ 120 −−− 120

Southern .................................................................. 840 5,356 949 − 7,146

Railroad ................................................................... 163 4,665 850 − 5,678

River ........................................................................ 678 691 99 − 1,468

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Wyoming ..................................................................... 14,315 −−− 14,315

Railroad ................................................................... 7,102 −−− 7,102

River ........................................................................ 7,213 −−− 7,213

State Total .................................................................. 54,357 7,662 3,095 343 65,457

Railroad ................................................................... 33,414 6,971 1,141 27 41,552

River ........................................................................ 11,727 691 562 28 13,008

Tidewater ................................................................ − * − − *

Truck ....................................................................... 8,593 − 1,392 288 10,273

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 147 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: IOWA

Colorado ..................................................................... 306 − 170 − 475

Railroad ................................................................... − − 170 − 170

River ........................................................................ 306 −−− 306

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,418 − 425 219 2,061

Railroad ................................................................... 203 − 11 − 214

River ........................................................................ 1,215 − 221 219 1,655

Truck ....................................................................... − − 193 * 193

Indiana ........................................................................ 40 − 69 − 109

Railroad ................................................................... 40 − 69 − 109

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 27 − 284 78 389

Railroad ................................................................... − − 30 − 30

River ........................................................................ 27 − 254 78 359

Truck ....................................................................... * −−− *

Eastern ..................................................................... 5 − 209 54 268

Railroad ................................................................... − − 30 − 30

River ........................................................................ 5 − 178 54 237

Truck ....................................................................... * −−− *

Western .................................................................... 21 − 76 25 122

River ........................................................................ 21 − 76 25 122

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 19 − 236 25 280

Railroad ................................................................... − − 34 − 34

River ........................................................................ 19 − 200 25 243

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 36 * 36

Railroad ................................................................... − − 34 − 34

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2*2

Bituminous .............................................................. 19 − 200 25 243

River ........................................................................ 19 − 200 25 243

West Virginia Total................................................... 3,417 − 47 68 3,531

Railroad ................................................................... 3,409 − 27 − 3,437

River ........................................................................ 7 − 20 68 95

Southern .................................................................. 3,417 − 47 68 3,531

Railroad ................................................................... 3,409 − 27 − 3,437

River ........................................................................ 7 − 20 68 95

Wyoming ..................................................................... 23,251 − 849 − 24,100

Railroad ................................................................... 23,251 − 849 − 24,100

State Total .................................................................. 28,476 − 2,081 389 30,946

Railroad ................................................................... 26,903 − 1,190 − 28,093

River ........................................................................ 1,573 − 695 389 2,657

Truck ....................................................................... * − 195 * 196

DESTINATION: KANSAS

Colorado ..................................................................... 587 −−− 587

Railroad ................................................................... 587 −−− 587

Kansas ......................................................................... 406 −−− 406

Truck ....................................................................... 406 −−− 406

Missouri ...................................................................... −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Montana ...................................................................... 1,319 −−− 1,319

Railroad ................................................................... 1,319 −−− 1,319

Oklahoma ................................................................... 71 − 5 5 82

Truck ....................................................................... 71 − 5 5 82

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 1 − 1

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Utah ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Wyoming ..................................................................... 13,751 −−− 13,751

Railroad ................................................................... 13,751 −−− 13,751

State Total .................................................................. 16,134 − 6 7 16,147

Railroad ................................................................... 15,657 − 1 − 15,658

Truck ....................................................................... 477 − 5 7 489

See footnotes at end of table.

148 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: KENTUCKY

Colorado ..................................................................... 2,946 −−− 2,946

Railroad ................................................................... 2,946 −−− 2,946

Illinois ......................................................................... 395 − − * 395

Railroad ................................................................... 368 −−− 368

Truck ....................................................................... 27 − − * 27

Indiana ........................................................................ 1,887 −−− 1,887

Railroad ................................................................... 799 −−− 799

River ........................................................................ 237 −−− 237

Truck ....................................................................... 851 −−− 851

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 24,558 448 625 298 1 25,939

Railroad ................................................................... 8,050 423 4 * 8,477

River ........................................................................ 5,170 − 66 168 5,404

Truck ....................................................................... 11,338 25 554 130 12,047

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 10

Eastern ..................................................................... 8,586 448 580 297 1 9,921

Railroad ................................................................... 2,690 423 4 * 3,117

River ........................................................................ 1,749 − 66 168 1,984

Truck ....................................................................... 4,147 25 509 128 4,809

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 10

Western .................................................................... 15,972 − 45 2 16,019

Railroad ................................................................... 5,360 −−− 5,360

River ........................................................................ 3,421 −−− 3,421

Truck ....................................................................... 7,191 − 45 2 7,238

Ohio ............................................................................. 123 −−− 123

River ........................................................................ 123 −−− 123

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 589 − 19 * 608

Railroad ................................................................... 319 − 11 − 331

River ........................................................................ 269 − 3 − 272

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5*5

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 19 * 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 11 − 11

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5*5

Bituminous .............................................................. 589 −−− 589

Railroad ................................................................... 319 −−− 319

River ........................................................................ 269 −−− 269

Tennessee .................................................................... 46 − 2 39 87

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Truck ....................................................................... 46 − 1 39 86

West Virginia Total................................................... 6,926 739 1,065 63 8,793

Railroad ................................................................... 337 739 102 12 1,190

River ........................................................................ 6,296 − 845 45 7,186

Truck ....................................................................... 294 − 117 7 418

Northern .................................................................. 1,441 −−− 1,441

River ........................................................................ 1,436 −−− 1,436

Truck ....................................................................... 5 −−− 5

Southern .................................................................. 5,485 739 1,065 63 7,352

Railroad ................................................................... 337 739 102 12 1,190

River ........................................................................ 4,859 − 845 45 5,750

Truck ....................................................................... 289 − 117 7 413

Wyoming ..................................................................... 1,789 −−− 1,789

Railroad ................................................................... 1,789 −−− 1,789

State Total .................................................................. 39,258 1,187 1,711 401 1 42,567

Railroad ................................................................... 14,609 1,162 119 12 15,902

River ........................................................................ 12,094 − 915 214 13,222

Truck ....................................................................... 12,555 25 677 176 13,433

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 10

DESTINATION: LOUISIANA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 264 − 15 − 279

River ........................................................................ 264 − 15 − 279

Eastern ..................................................................... 1 − 15 − 16

River ........................................................................ 1 − 15 − 16

Western .................................................................... 262 −−− 262

River ........................................................................ 262 −−− 262

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 149 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: LOUISIANA (Continued)

Louisiana .................................................................... 2,952 −−− 2,952

Truck ....................................................................... 716 −−− 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 68 − * * 68

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

River ........................................................................ 68 −−− 68

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Bituminous .............................................................. 68 −−− 68

River ........................................................................ 68 −−− 68

West Virginia Total................................................... 155 −−− 155

River ........................................................................ 155 −−− 155

Northern .................................................................. 155 −−− 155

River ........................................................................ 155 −−− 155

Wyoming ..................................................................... 11,130 −−− 11,130

Railroad ................................................................... 11,130 −−− 11,130

State Total .................................................................. 14,570 − 15 * 14,584

Railroad ................................................................... 11,130 − * − 11,130

River ........................................................................ 487 − 15 − 502

Truck ....................................................................... 716 − − * 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

DESTINATION: MAINE

Kentucky Total .......................................................... − − 168 − 168

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Eastern ..................................................................... − − 168 − 168

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 12 3 15

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 * 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Anthracite ................................................................ −−− 2 2

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Bituminous .............................................................. − − 12 * 12

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 − 12

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Southern .................................................................. − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

State Total .................................................................. − − 180 3 182

Railroad ................................................................... − − 12 * 12

Tidewater ................................................................ − − 168 − 168

Truck ....................................................................... − − *22

DESTINATION: MARYLAND

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 108 −−− 108

Railroad ................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Eastern ..................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Railroad ................................................................... 108 −−− 108

Maryland .................................................................... 467 − 208 2 677

Railroad ................................................................... 183 −−− 183

Truck ....................................................................... 284 − 208 2 495

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 2,881 − 292 3 3,176

Railroad ................................................................... 2,781 − 98 * 2,879

Truck ....................................................................... 100 − 194 3 297

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 98 2 100

Railroad ................................................................... − − 98 * 98

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Bituminous .............................................................. 2,881 − 194 1 3,076

Railroad ................................................................... 2,781 −−− 2,781

Truck ....................................................................... 100 − 194 1 295

See footnotes at end of table.

150 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: MARYLAND (Continued)

Virginia ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

West Virginia Total................................................... 8,748 − 245 40 9,033

Railroad ................................................................... 6,772 − 163 − 6,936

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

Truck ....................................................................... 750 − 82 40 871

Northern .................................................................. 4,504 − 244 40 4,787

Railroad ................................................................... 3,754 − 162 − 3,916

Truck ....................................................................... 750 − 82 40 871

Southern .................................................................. 4,244 − 1 − 4,245

Railroad ................................................................... 3,018 − 1 − 3,019

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

State Total .................................................................. 12,205 − 745 46 12,996

Railroad ................................................................... 9,845 − 261 * 10,106

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,226 −−− 1,226

Truck ....................................................................... 1,134 − 483 46 1,664

DESTINATION: MASSACHUSETTS

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 296 − 29 28 353

Railroad ................................................................... 166 − 29 28 223

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Eastern ..................................................................... 296 − 29 28 353

Railroad ................................................................... 166 − 29 28 223

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 115 − * 10 124

Railroad ................................................................... 115 − − * 115

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

Anthracite ................................................................ − − * 10 10

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

Bituminous .............................................................. 115 −−− 115

Railroad ................................................................... 115 −−− 115

West Virginia Total................................................... 870 − 4 − 873

Railroad ................................................................... 625 − 4 − 628

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

Northern .................................................................. 3 −−− 3

Railroad ................................................................... 3 −−− 3

Southern .................................................................. 867 − 4 − 870

Railroad ................................................................... 621 − 4 − 625

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

State Total .................................................................. 1,281 − 33 37 1,351

Railroad ................................................................... 906 − 33 28 966

River ........................................................................ 82 −−− 82

Great Lakes............................................................. 48 −−− 48

Tidewater ................................................................ 245 −−− 245

Truck ....................................................................... − − *99

DESTINATION: MICHIGAN

Colorado ..................................................................... 55 −−− 55

Railroad ................................................................... 12 −−− 12

River ........................................................................ 43 −−− 43

Indiana ........................................................................ 68 −−− 68

Great Lakes............................................................. 68 −−− 68

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 4,128 866 1,032 13 6,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,263 603 319 13 3,198

Great Lakes............................................................. 397 263 691 − 1,351

Truck ....................................................................... 1,468 − 23 * 1,491

Eastern ..................................................................... 4,128 866 1,032 13 6,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,263 603 319 13 3,198

Great Lakes............................................................. 397 263 691 − 1,351

Truck ....................................................................... 1,468 − 23 * 1,491

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 151 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: MICHIGAN (Continued)

Montana ...................................................................... 9,688 − 264 − 9,952

Railroad ................................................................... 3,474 −−− 3,474

Great Lakes............................................................. 6,214 − 264 − 6,478

Ohio ............................................................................. 158 − 76 5 239

Great Lakes............................................................. 2 − 1 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... 156 − 76 5 237

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 2,912 188 241 1 3,342

Railroad ................................................................... 2,647 − 94 * 2,741

River ........................................................................ 265 −−− 265

Great Lakes............................................................. − 188 147 − 334

Truck ....................................................................... − − *11

Anthracite ................................................................ − − *12

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − *11

Bituminous .............................................................. 2,912 188 240 − 3,340

Railroad ................................................................... 2,647 − 94 − 2,741

River ........................................................................ 265 −−− 265

Great Lakes............................................................. − 188 147 − 334

Texas ........................................................................... 23 −−− 23

Great Lakes............................................................. 23 −−− 23

Virginia ....................................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... 4,830 891 223 − 5,944

Railroad ................................................................... 4,737 1 202 − 4,940

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 87 890 21 − 997

Northern .................................................................. 568 −−− 568

Railroad ................................................................... 545 −−− 545

Great Lakes............................................................. 23 −−− 23

Southern .................................................................. 4,261 891 223 − 5,375

Railroad ................................................................... 4,191 1 202 − 4,394

River ........................................................................ 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 63 890 21 − 974

Wyoming ..................................................................... 10,462 −−− 10,462

Railroad ................................................................... 9,505 −−− 9,505

Great Lakes............................................................. 957 −−− 957

State Total .................................................................. 32,324 1,944 1,837 20 36,125

Railroad ................................................................... 22,637 604 615 14 23,869

River ........................................................................ 315 −−− 315

Great Lakes............................................................. 7,747 1,341 1,123 − 10,212

Truck ....................................................................... 1,624 − 99 6 1,729

DESTINATION: MINNESOTA

Illinois ......................................................................... 72 −−− 72

River ........................................................................ 72 −−− 72

Indiana ........................................................................ 83 −−− 83

Railroad ................................................................... 83 −−− 83

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 19 − 139 − 157

River ........................................................................ 15 − 110 − 126

Great Lakes............................................................. 3 − 28 − 32

Eastern ..................................................................... 3 − 139 − 142

River ........................................................................ − − 110 − 110

Great Lakes............................................................. 3 − 28 − 32

Western .................................................................... 15 −−− 15

River ........................................................................ 15 −−− 15

Montana ...................................................................... 9,429 −−− 9,429

Railroad ................................................................... 9,429 −−− 9,429

Ohio ............................................................................. −−− 5 5

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 5*5

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 5*5

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

See footnotes at end of table.

152 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: MINNESOTA (Continued)

West Virginia Total................................................... 5 − 87 3 94

River ........................................................................ 5 − 87 3 94

Southern .................................................................. 5 − 87 3 94

River ........................................................................ 5 − 87 3 94

Wyoming ..................................................................... 8,803 − 159 6 8,968

Railroad ................................................................... 7,946 − 159 6 8,111

Great Lakes............................................................. 470 −−− 470

Truck ....................................................................... 387 −−− 387

State Total .................................................................. 18,410 − 389 15 18,814

Railroad ................................................................... 17,458 − 164 6 17,628

River ........................................................................ 92 − 197 3 292

Great Lakes............................................................. 473 − 28 − 501

Truck ....................................................................... 387 − * 5 393

DESTINATION: MISSISSIPPI

Alabama ...................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Truck ....................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Colorado ..................................................................... 1,101 −−− 1,101

Railroad ................................................................... 1,101 −−− 1,101

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,433 − 38 − 1,472

River ........................................................................ 388 − 38 − 427

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,045 −−− 1,045

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 1,043 − 77 − 1,119

Railroad ................................................................... 1,039 −−− 1,039

River ........................................................................ 4 − 77 − 81

Eastern ..................................................................... 1,039 − 3 − 1,042

Railroad ................................................................... 1,039 −−− 1,039

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Western .................................................................... 4 − 74 − 78

River ........................................................................ 4 − 74 − 78

Mississippi .................................................................. 18 −−− 18

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

Montana ...................................................................... 1,926 −−− 1,926

Railroad ................................................................... 1,926 −−− 1,926

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

West Virginia Total................................................... 99 − 41 − 140

Railroad ................................................................... 99 − 41 − 140

Southern .................................................................. 99 − 41 − 140

Railroad ................................................................... 99 − 41 − 140

State Total .................................................................. 5,621 − 191 − 5,812

Railroad ................................................................... 4,165 − 41 − 4,206

River ........................................................................ 393 − 115 − 507

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,045 −−− 1,045

Truck ....................................................................... − − 35 − 35

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

DESTINATION: MISSOURI

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... − − 16 − 16

Colorado ..................................................................... 1,766 −−− 1,766

Railroad ................................................................... 1,766 −−− 1,766

Illinois ......................................................................... 1,556 − 538 177 2,271

Railroad ................................................................... 999 − − * 1,000

River ........................................................................ 499 − 53 − 551

Truck ....................................................................... 58 − 485 176 720

Indiana ........................................................................ 6 −−− 6

Railroad ................................................................... 6 −−− 6

Kansas ......................................................................... 2 −−− 2

Truck ....................................................................... 2 −−− 2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 153 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: MISSOURI (Continued)

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 221 − 51 − 273

Railroad ................................................................... 218 −−− 218

River ........................................................................ 3 − 51 − 54

Eastern ..................................................................... 218 − 43 − 261

Railroad ................................................................... 218 −−− 218

River ........................................................................ − − 43 − 43

Western .................................................................... 3 − 8 − 11

River ........................................................................ 3 − 8 − 11

Missouri ...................................................................... 312 − 78 1 391

Truck ....................................................................... 312 − 78 1 391

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 639

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 639

Railroad ................................................................... − − 6 − 6

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 3 3

Utah ............................................................................. 77 − 22 − 99

Railroad ................................................................... 77 − 22 − 99

West Virginia Total................................................... 199 − 65 45 308

Railroad ................................................................... 11 − 1 − 12

River ........................................................................ 188 − 63 45 297

Northern .................................................................. − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 3 − 3

Southern .................................................................. 199 − 61 45 305

Railroad ................................................................... 11 − 1 − 12

River ........................................................................ 188 − 60 45 293

Wyoming ..................................................................... 35,958 −−− 35,958

Railroad ................................................................... 34,537 −−− 34,537

River ........................................................................ 1,422 −−− 1,422

State Total .................................................................. 40,097 − 776 226 41,098

Railroad ................................................................... 37,613 − 29 * 37,643

River ........................................................................ 2,112 − 168 45 2,324

Truck ....................................................................... 372 − 579 181 1,131

DESTINATION: MONTANA

Montana ...................................................................... 9,861 − 483 3 10,346

Railroad ................................................................... 9 −−− 9

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 64 3 289

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 3*3

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 3*3

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Utah ............................................................................. − − 4 − 4

Truck ....................................................................... − − 4 − 4

Wyoming ..................................................................... 656 − 67 * 724

Railroad ................................................................... 656 − 67 − 723

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

State Total .................................................................. 10,517 − 557 3 11,077

Railroad ................................................................... 665 − 70 − 735

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 67 3 293

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

DESTINATION: NEBRASKA

Colorado ..................................................................... 6 − 14 − 20

Railroad ................................................................... 6 − 14 − 20

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

See footnotes at end of table.

154 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: NEBRASKA (Continued)

Utah ............................................................................. 3 −−− 3

Truck ....................................................................... 3 −−− 3

Wyoming ..................................................................... 12,060 − 166 − 12,226

Railroad ................................................................... 12,060 − 166 − 12,226

State Total .................................................................. 12,069 − 188 − 12,257

Railroad ................................................................... 12,066 − 188 − 12,254

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − * − 3

DESTINATION: NEVADA

Arizona ....................................................................... 4,494 −−− 4,494

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 11 −−− 11

Railroad ................................................................... 11 −−− 11

Eastern ..................................................................... 11 −−− 11

Railroad ................................................................... 11 −−− 11

Utah ............................................................................. 3,440 − 417 * 3,857

Railroad ................................................................... 3,440 − 299 − 3,740

Truck ....................................................................... − − 117 * 118

West Virginia Total................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Southern .................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

State Total .................................................................. 7,946 − 417 * 8,363

Railroad ................................................................... 3,452 − 299 − 3,751

Truck ....................................................................... − − 117 * 118

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

DESTINATION: NEW HAMPSHIRE

Ohio ............................................................................. 7 −−− 7

Railroad ................................................................... 7 −−− 7

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 556 − 1 3 560

Railroad ................................................................... 542 − − * 542

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 134

Railroad ................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

Bituminous .............................................................. 556 −−− 556

Railroad ................................................................... 542 −−− 542

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

West Virginia Total................................................... 211 −−− 211

Railroad ................................................................... 211 −−− 211

Northern .................................................................. 177 −−− 177

Railroad ................................................................... 177 −−− 177

Southern .................................................................. 34 −−− 34

Railroad ................................................................... 34 −−− 34

State Total .................................................................. 773 − 1 3 777

Railroad ................................................................... 760 − − * 760

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... − − 134

DESTINATION: NEW JERSEY

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 10 −−− 10

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Eastern ..................................................................... 10 −−− 10

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Ohio ............................................................................. 16 −−− 16

Railroad ................................................................... 16 −−− 16

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 446 − 6 5 456

Railroad ................................................................... 446 − * * 446

Truck ....................................................................... − − 6 5 10

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 155 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: NEW JERSEY (Continued)

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 6 5 10

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 6 5 10

Bituminous .............................................................. 446 −−− 446

Railroad ................................................................... 446 −−− 446

Virginia ....................................................................... 731 − 2 − 734

Tidewater ................................................................ 731 −−− 731

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

West Virginia Total................................................... 1,591 −−− 1,591

Railroad ................................................................... 1,063 −−− 1,063

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 483 −−− 483

Northern .................................................................. 1,379 −−− 1,379

Railroad ................................................................... 948 −−− 948

Tidewater ................................................................ 430 −−− 430

Southern .................................................................. 212 −−− 212

Railroad ................................................................... 114 −−− 114

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 52 −−− 52

State Total .................................................................. 2,794 − 8 5 2,807

Railroad ................................................................... 1,525 − * * 1,525

River ........................................................................ 46 −−− 46

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,224 −−− 1,224

Truck ....................................................................... − − 8 5 13

DESTINATION: NEW MEXICO

Colorado ..................................................................... 26 − 72 1 99

Truck ....................................................................... 26 − 72 1 99

New Mexico................................................................ 16,417 − − 5 1 16,423

Railroad ................................................................... 9,378 −−− 9,378

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 0

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − * − *

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Utah ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

State Total .................................................................. 16,443 − 72 6 1 16,521

Railroad ................................................................... 9,378 − * − 9,378

Truck ....................................................................... 26 − 72 6 104

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 0

DESTINATION: NEW YORK

Illinois ......................................................................... −−− 63 63

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 63 63

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 557 82 537 39 1,216

Railroad ................................................................... 557 82 537 − 1,176

River ........................................................................ −−− 39 39

Eastern ..................................................................... 557 82 537 39 1,216

Railroad ................................................................... 557 82 537 − 1,176

River ........................................................................ −−− 39 39

Ohio ............................................................................. 1 − − 19 20

Railroad ................................................................... −−− 16 16

Truck ....................................................................... 1 − − 3 4

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 4,833 − 489 53 5,376

Railroad ................................................................... 3,930 − 296 1 4,227

River ........................................................................ 48 − − 2 50

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Truck ....................................................................... 390 − 194 51 634

See footnotes at end of table.

156 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: NEW YORK (Continued)

Anthracite ................................................................ 12 − 22 45 79

Railroad ................................................................... − − *11

Truck ....................................................................... 12 − 22 44 78

Bituminous .............................................................. 4,821 − 467 8 5,296

Railroad ................................................................... 3,930 − 296 − 4,226

River ........................................................................ 48 − − 2 50

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Truck ....................................................................... 378 − 172 6 556

Virginia ....................................................................... − 93 − − 93

Railroad ................................................................... − 93 − − 93

West Virginia Total................................................... 2,735 887 154 5 3,782

Railroad ................................................................... 2,658 887 62 − 3,608

River ........................................................................ − − 92 − 92

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Northern .................................................................. 2,246 317 − 1 2,565

Railroad ................................................................... 2,246 317 − − 2,563

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Southern .................................................................. 489 570 154 4 1,217

Railroad ................................................................... 412 570 62 − 1,044

River ........................................................................ − − 92 − 92

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 4 4

State Total .................................................................. 8,126 1,063 1,181 180 10,550

Railroad ................................................................... 7,145 1,063 896 17 9,120

River ........................................................................ 48 − 92 41 181

Great Lakes............................................................. 465 −−− 465

Tidewater ................................................................ 77 −−− 77

Truck ....................................................................... 391 − 194 122 706

DESTINATION: NORTH CAROLINA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 12,675 − 710 72 13,457

Railroad ................................................................... 12,360 − 566 72 12,998

Truck ....................................................................... 315 − 144 * 459

Eastern ..................................................................... 12,675 − 710 72 13,457

Railroad ................................................................... 12,360 − 566 72 12,998

Truck ....................................................................... 315 − 144 * 459

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Anthracite ................................................................ − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − ***

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 354 * 354

Railroad ................................................................... − − 352 − 352

Truck ....................................................................... − − 1*1

Virginia ....................................................................... 281 − 396 23 700

Railroad ................................................................... 268 − 361 23 652

Truck ....................................................................... 13 − 35 * 48

West Virginia Total................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Railroad ................................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Southern .................................................................. 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Railroad ................................................................... 8,442 − 1,770 54 10,266

Wyoming ..................................................................... 28 −−− 28

Railroad ................................................................... 28 −−− 28

State Total .................................................................. 21,426 − 3,229 150 24,805

Railroad ................................................................... 21,098 − 3,049 149 24,297

Truck ....................................................................... 328 − 180 1 508

DESTINATION: NORTH DAKOTA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 157 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: NORTH DAKOTA (Continued)

Eastern ..................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Montana ...................................................................... 810 − − 67 877

Railroad ................................................................... 810 − − 67 877

North Dakota ............................................................. 24,631 − 6,257 50 30,938

Railroad ................................................................... 502 −−− 502

Truck ....................................................................... 4,492 − − 50 4,542

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... * − − 11 11

Truck ....................................................................... * − − 11 11

Anthracite ................................................................ −−− 1 1

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Bituminous .............................................................. * − − 10 11

Truck ....................................................................... * − − 10 11

Utah ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

State Total .................................................................. 25,441 − 6,257 128 31,826

Railroad ................................................................... 1,312 − − 67 1,379

Truck ....................................................................... 4,493 − − 61 4,554

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

DESTINATION: OHIO

Indiana ........................................................................ 72 −−− 72

Railroad ................................................................... 46 −−− 46

River ........................................................................ 26 −−− 26

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 7,993 614 453 81 9,140

Railroad ................................................................... 1,875 614 106 − 2,595

River ........................................................................ 5,986 − 157 32 6,174

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 29 − 29

Truck ....................................................................... 133 − 161 49 342

Eastern ..................................................................... 7,935 614 453 81 9,083

Railroad ................................................................... 1,875 614 106 − 2,595

River ........................................................................ 5,928 − 157 32 6,117

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 29 − 29

Truck ....................................................................... 133 − 161 49 342

Western .................................................................... 58 −−− 58

River ........................................................................ 58 −−− 58

Montana ...................................................................... − − 168 − 168

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 168 − 168

Ohio ............................................................................. 19,178 − 1,242 101 20,521

Railroad ................................................................... 1,335 −−− 1,335

River ........................................................................ 4,649 −−− 4,649

Great Lakes............................................................. * −−− *

Truck ....................................................................... 6,707 − 1,242 101 8,050

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 4,486 273 290 4 5,053

Railroad ................................................................... 1,555 − 18 * 1,573

River ........................................................................ 2,879 273 107 2 3,261

Great Lakes............................................................. 15 − 87 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 38 − 78 2 118

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 9 2 11

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Truck ....................................................................... − − 9 2 11

Bituminous .............................................................. 4,486 273 281 2 5,042

Railroad ................................................................... 1,555 − 18 − 1,572

River ........................................................................ 2,879 273 107 2 3,261

Great Lakes............................................................. 15 − 87 − 102

Truck ....................................................................... 38 − 69 − 107

Tennessee .................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Texas ........................................................................... 7 −−− 7

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 −−− 7

Virginia ....................................................................... 427 564 * * 991

Railroad ................................................................... − 564 − − 564

River ........................................................................ 427 − * * 427

See footnotes at end of table.

158 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: OHIO (Continued)

West Virginia Total................................................... 24,185 1,249 1,036 31 26,501

Railroad ................................................................... 4,124 868 373 − 5,365

River ........................................................................ 19,840 314 172 8 20,334

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 68 101 − 175

Truck ....................................................................... 215 − 389 23 627

Northern .................................................................. 5,723 − 41 − 5,764

Railroad ................................................................... 1,883 − 18 − 1,901

River ........................................................................ 3,828 − 11 − 3,839

Great Lakes............................................................. 7 − 12 − 19

Truck ....................................................................... 6 −−− 6

Southern .................................................................. 18,462 1,249 995 31 20,737

Railroad ................................................................... 2,241 868 356 − 3,465

River ........................................................................ 16,012 314 161 8 16,495

Great Lakes............................................................. − 68 89 − 157

Truck ....................................................................... 209 − 389 23 621

Wyoming ..................................................................... 3,364 − 475 − 3,840

Railroad ................................................................... 3,364 −−− 3,364

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 475 − 475

State Total .................................................................. 59,713 2,700 3,664 217 66,294

Railroad ................................................................... 12,298 2,045 498 * 14,841

River ........................................................................ 33,806 587 436 42 34,872

Great Lakes............................................................. 29 68 860 − 957

Truck ....................................................................... 7,093 − 1,869 175 9,137

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

DESTINATION: OKLAHOMA

Illinois ......................................................................... − − 1 − 1

River ........................................................................ − − 1 − 1

Indiana ........................................................................ − − 1 − 1

River ........................................................................ − − 1 − 1

Kentucky Total .......................................................... − − 46 − 46

River ........................................................................ − − 46 − 46

Eastern ..................................................................... − − 46 − 46

River ........................................................................ − − 46 − 46

New Mexico................................................................ − − 64 − 64

Railroad ................................................................... − − 64 − 64

Oklahoma ................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

Truck ....................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

Anthracite ................................................................ − − ***

Railroad ................................................................... − − ***

West Virginia Total................................................... − − 14 − 14

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

River ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Northern .................................................................. − − * − *

River ........................................................................ − − * − *

Southern .................................................................. − − 13 − 13

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

River ........................................................................ − − 7 − 7

Wyoming ..................................................................... 21,058 − 5 − 21,063

Railroad ................................................................... 21,058 − 5 − 21,063

State Total .................................................................. 22,261 − 379 2 22,642

Railroad ................................................................... 21,058 − 76 * 21,134

River ........................................................................ − − 55 − 55

Truck ....................................................................... 1,204 − 247 2 1,453

DESTINATION: OREGON

Kentucky Total .......................................................... − − 7 − 7

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Eastern ..................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Railroad ................................................................... − − 7 − 7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 159 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: OREGON (Continued)

Montana ...................................................................... 1,507 −−− 1,507

Railroad ................................................................... 1,507 −−− 1,507

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 17 − 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 17 − 17

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 17 − 17

Railroad ................................................................... − − 17 − 17

Utah ............................................................................. 287 − 144 * 431

Railroad ................................................................... 287 − 144 − 431

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... − − 19 − 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 19 − 19

Southern .................................................................. − − 19 − 19

Railroad ................................................................... − − 19 − 19

Wyoming ..................................................................... 2,012 − 28 − 2,040

Railroad ................................................................... 2,012 − 28 − 2,040

State Total .................................................................. 3,805 − 216 * 4,021

Railroad ................................................................... 3,805 − 216 − 4,021

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

DESTINATION: PENNSYLVANIA

Alabama ...................................................................... − 157 − − 157

Railroad ................................................................... − 157 − − 157

Illinois ......................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 113 102 452 47 714

Railroad ................................................................... 66 61 208 1 336

River ........................................................................ 18 40 184 46 288

Truck ....................................................................... 28 1 61 * 89

Eastern ..................................................................... 113 102 452 47 714

Railroad ................................................................... 66 61 208 1 336

River ........................................................................ 18 40 184 46 288

Truck ....................................................................... 28 1 61 * 89

Maryland .................................................................... 2 −−− 2

Truck ....................................................................... 2 −−− 2

Ohio ............................................................................. 219 − 139 * 358

Railroad ................................................................... * −−− *

River ........................................................................ 167 −−− 167

Truck ....................................................................... 52 − 139 * 191

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 31,755 1,395 3,128 633 1 36,912

Railroad ................................................................... 10,592 − 398 * 10,989

River ........................................................................ 3,620 1,395 70 14 5,100

Truck ....................................................................... 13,301 − 2,599 619 16,518

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1

Anthracite ................................................................ 2,969 − 320 488 3,776

Railroad ................................................................... 172 − 37 * 209

Truck ....................................................................... 2,797 − 283 487 3,567

Bituminous .............................................................. 28,787 1,395 2,809 145 1 33,136

Railroad ................................................................... 10,420 − 361 − 10,780

River ........................................................................ 3,620 1,395 70 14 5,100

Truck ....................................................................... 10,504 − 2,316 131 12,951

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 11 − 11

Truck ....................................................................... − − 11 − 11

Virginia ....................................................................... 20 322 8 − 350

Railroad ................................................................... 20 322 8 − 350

West Virginia Total................................................... 8,043 4,823 1,764 10 14,640

Railroad ................................................................... 2,049 1,588 782 − 4,418

River ........................................................................ 5,154 3,235 907 − 9,296

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 435 − 76 10 521

Northern .................................................................. 6,425 833 251 2 7,510

Railroad ................................................................... 1,049 812 180 − 2,041

River ........................................................................ 5,153 21 − − 5,174

See footnotes at end of table.

160 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: PENNSYLVANIA (Continued)

Northern

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Truck ....................................................................... 172 − 71 2 245

Southern .................................................................. 1,618 3,990 1,513 8 7,130

Railroad ................................................................... 999 776 602 − 2,377

River ........................................................................ 1 3,214 907 − 4,122

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 262 − 5 8 276

State Total .................................................................. 40,152 6,798 5,502 690 1 53,143

Railroad ................................................................... 12,727 2,128 1,395 1 16,251

River ........................................................................ 8,960 4,670 1,161 60 14,851

Great Lakes............................................................. 50 −−− 50

Tidewater ................................................................ 355 −−− 355

Truck ....................................................................... 13,817 1 2,885 629 17,331

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,243 − 62 − 4,305

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 1

DESTINATION: RHODE ISLAND

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Anthracite ................................................................ −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

State Total .................................................................. −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

DESTINATION: SOUTH CAROLINA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 10,342 − 1,378 5 11,724

Railroad ................................................................... 10,342 − 1,332 5 11,678

Truck ....................................................................... − − 46 * 46

Eastern ..................................................................... 10,342 − 1,378 5 11,724

Railroad ................................................................... 10,342 − 1,332 5 11,678

Truck ....................................................................... − − 46 * 46

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 26 − 49 − 74

Railroad ................................................................... 26 − 42 − 67

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 49 − 49

Railroad ................................................................... − − 42 − 42

Truck ....................................................................... − − 7 − 7

Bituminous .............................................................. 26 −−− 26

Railroad ................................................................... 26 −−− 26

Tennessee .................................................................... 289 −−− 289

Railroad ................................................................... 289 −−− 289

Virginia ....................................................................... 759 − 379 − 1,138

Railroad ................................................................... 759 − 379 − 1,137

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

West Virginia Total................................................... 707 − 6 232 946

Railroad ................................................................... 707 − 6 232 946

Northern .................................................................. 106 −−− 106

Railroad ................................................................... 106 −−− 106

Southern .................................................................. 601 − 6 232 840

Railroad ................................................................... 601 − 6 232 840

Wyoming ..................................................................... 1,122 −−− 1,122

Railroad ................................................................... 1,122 −−− 1,122

State Total .................................................................. 13,245 − 1,811 237 15,293

Railroad ................................................................... 13,245 − 1,758 237 15,240

Truck ....................................................................... − − 53 * 53

DESTINATION: SOUTH DAKOTA

Montana ...................................................................... 1,496 −−− 1,496

Railroad ................................................................... 1,496 −−− 1,496

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 161 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: SOUTH DAKOTA (Continued)

Wyoming ..................................................................... 679 − 267 1 947

Railroad ................................................................... 558 −−− 558

Truck ....................................................................... 120 − 267 1 388

State Total .................................................................. 2,175 − 267 1 2,443

Railroad ................................................................... 2,054 −−− 2,054

Truck ....................................................................... 120 − 267 1 388

DESTINATION: TENNESSEE

Alabama ...................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Colorado ..................................................................... 2,920 −−− 2,920

Railroad ................................................................... 2,803 −−− 2,803

River ........................................................................ 117 −−− 117

Illinois ......................................................................... 3,109 −−− 3,109

River ........................................................................ 3,109 −−− 3,109

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 15,121 − 1,572 79 16,772

Railroad ................................................................... 7,465 − 917 11 8,392

River ........................................................................ 7,414 − 262 67 7,743

Truck ....................................................................... 242 − 393 1 636

Eastern ..................................................................... 6,016 − 1,525 46 7,587

Railroad ................................................................... 5,618 − 917 11 6,546

River ........................................................................ 157 − 219 34 410

Truck ....................................................................... 241 − 390 1 632

Western .................................................................... 9,105 − 46 33 9,185

Railroad ................................................................... 1,847 −−− 1,847

River ........................................................................ 7,257 − 43 33 7,333

Truck ....................................................................... 2 − 3 − 5

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 932 − 2 − 933

Railroad ................................................................... 27 − * − 27

River ........................................................................ 905 −−− 905

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Bituminous .............................................................. 932 −−− 932

Railroad ................................................................... 27 −−− 27

River ........................................................................ 905 −−− 905

Tennessee .................................................................... 1,245 − 216 4 1,465

Railroad ................................................................... 542 − 142 − 684

Truck ....................................................................... 703 − 74 4 781

Utah ............................................................................. 1,142 −−− 1,142

Railroad ................................................................... 1,142 −−− 1,142

Virginia ....................................................................... 1,525 − 994 − 2,519

Railroad ................................................................... 1,525 − 939 − 2,464

Truck ....................................................................... − − 55 − 55

West Virginia Total................................................... 87 − 71 15 173

Railroad ................................................................... 87 − 2 − 90

River ........................................................................ − − 48 − 48

Truck ....................................................................... − − 21 15 36

Southern .................................................................. 87 − 71 15 173

Railroad ................................................................... 87 − 2 − 90

River ........................................................................ − − 48 − 48

Truck ....................................................................... − − 21 15 36

Wyoming ..................................................................... 2,743 −−− 2,743

Railroad ................................................................... 2,743 −−− 2,743

State Total .................................................................. 28,823 − 2,901 98 31,822

Railroad ................................................................... 16,333 − 2,000 11 18,344

River ........................................................................ 11,545 − 310 67 11,922

Truck ....................................................................... 945 − 592 20 1,557

DESTINATION: TEXAS

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 3 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... − − 3 − 3

See footnotes at end of table.

162 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: TEXAS (Continued)

Colorado ..................................................................... 2,610 − 340 − 2,951

Railroad ................................................................... 2,610 − 340 − 2,951

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 151 − 2 − 153

Railroad ................................................................... 151 −−− 151

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Eastern ..................................................................... 151 − 2 − 153

Railroad ................................................................... 151 −−− 151

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

New Mexico................................................................ − − 395 − 395

Railroad ................................................................... − − 395 − 395

Oklahoma ................................................................... − − 56 − 56

Truck ....................................................................... − − 56 − 56

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... * − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... * − **1

Anthracite ................................................................ * − 5*6

Railroad ................................................................... − − 3 − 3

River ........................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... * − **1

Bituminous .............................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Texas ........................................................................... 50,027 − 2,828 − 52,855

Railroad ................................................................... 23,668 − 149 − 23,817

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 260 − 13,805

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

Utah ............................................................................. 105 −−− 105

Railroad ................................................................... 105 −−− 105

Virginia ....................................................................... − − 4 8 12

Railroad ................................................................... − − 4 8 12

West Virginia Total................................................... 167 −−− 167

Railroad ................................................................... 103 −−− 103

River ........................................................................ 63 −−− 63

Northern .................................................................. 19 −−− 19

Railroad ................................................................... 19 −−− 19

Southern .................................................................. 148 −−− 148

Railroad ................................................................... 84 −−− 84

River ........................................................................ 63 −−− 63

Wyoming ..................................................................... 47,438 − 176 − 47,614

Railroad ................................................................... 47,438 − 176 − 47,614

State Total .................................................................. 100,499 − 3,809 8 104,316

Railroad ................................................................... 74,076 − 1,068 8 75,152

River ........................................................................ 63 − 3 − 67

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 319 * 13,865

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

DESTINATION: UTAH

Colorado ..................................................................... 1,360 250 − − 1,610

Railroad ................................................................... 1,360 250 − − 1,610

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − 77 5 − 82

Railroad ................................................................... − 77 − − 77

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5 − 5

Bituminous .............................................................. − 77 5 − 82

Railroad ................................................................... − 77 − − 77

Truck ....................................................................... − − 5 − 5

Utah ............................................................................. 10,646 − 219 114 10,979

Railroad ................................................................... 3,112 −−− 3,112

Truck ....................................................................... 4,141 − 219 114 4,474

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

Virginia ....................................................................... − 58 − − 58

Railroad ................................................................... − 58 − − 58

West Virginia Total................................................... − 141 32 − 173

Railroad ................................................................... − 141 32 − 173

Southern .................................................................. − 141 32 − 173

Railroad ................................................................... − 141 32 − 173

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 163 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: UTAH (Continued)

Wyoming ..................................................................... 15 − − * 15

Railroad ................................................................... 15 −−− 15

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

State Total .................................................................. 12,020 527 257 114 12,918

Railroad ................................................................... 4,486 527 32 − 5,045

Truck ....................................................................... 4,141 − 224 114 4,479

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

DESTINATION: VERMONT

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

Anthracite ................................................................ −−− 2 2

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 2 2

West Virginia Total................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Southern .................................................................. − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

State Total .................................................................. − − *22

Truck ....................................................................... − − *22

DESTINATION: VIRGINIA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 4,836 − 755 77 5,668

Railroad ................................................................... 4,306 − 619 45 4,971

River ........................................................................ 444 −−− 444

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Truck ....................................................................... 76 − 136 31 243

Eastern ..................................................................... 4,836 − 755 77 5,668

Railroad ................................................................... 4,306 − 619 45 4,971

River ........................................................................ 444 −−− 444

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

Truck ....................................................................... 76 − 136 31 243

Western .................................................................... −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 619 − 16 1 636

Railroad ................................................................... 256 − * − 256

Truck ....................................................................... 362 − 16 1 379

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 213

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... − − 113

Bituminous .............................................................. 619 − 14 * 633

Railroad ................................................................... 256 −−− 256

Truck ....................................................................... 362 − 14 * 377

Virginia ....................................................................... 6,822 963 400 23 1 8,355

Railroad ................................................................... 5,336 − 371 11 5,718

Truck ....................................................................... 1,485 * 15 12 1,513

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 963 14 − 977

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 146

West Virginia Total................................................... 3,466 142 1,039 23 4,670

Railroad ................................................................... 3,039 84 1,002 16 4,141

River ........................................................................ − − 5 − 5

Truck ....................................................................... 427 − 32 7 466

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 − − 59

Northern .................................................................. 421 −−− 421

Truck ....................................................................... 421 −−− 421

Southern .................................................................. 3,044 142 1,039 23 4,249

Railroad ................................................................... 3,039 84 1,002 16 4,141

River ........................................................................ − − 5 − 5

Truck ....................................................................... 6 − 32 7 44

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 − − 59

State Total .................................................................. 15,742 1,106 2,210 124 1 19,328

Railroad ................................................................... 12,938 84 1,992 73 15,086

River ........................................................................ 444 − 5 − 449

Tidewater ................................................................ 10 −−− 10

See footnotes at end of table.

164 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: VIRGINIA (Continued)

State Total

Truck ....................................................................... 2,351 * 199 51 2,601

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 1,022 14 − 1,036

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 146

DESTINATION: WASHINGTON

Utah ............................................................................. − − 51 16 67

Railroad ................................................................... − − 51 15 66

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Washington ................................................................. 4,074 −−− 4,074

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

Wyoming ..................................................................... 82 − − * 83

Railroad ................................................................... 82 − − * 83

State Total .................................................................. 4,157 − 51 17 4,224

Railroad ................................................................... 82 − 51 16 149

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 1 1

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

DESTINATION: WEST VIRGINIA

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 349 − 75 − 425

Railroad ................................................................... 12 − 37 − 49

River ........................................................................ 254 − 12 − 266

Truck ....................................................................... 84 − 27 − 110

Eastern ..................................................................... 349 − 75 − 425

Railroad ................................................................... 12 − 37 − 49

River ........................................................................ 254 − 12 − 266

Truck ....................................................................... 84 − 27 − 110

Maryland .................................................................... 3,055 − 1 * 3,056

Truck ....................................................................... 3,055 − 1 * 3,056

Ohio ............................................................................. 1,609 −−− 1,609

River ........................................................................ 1,609 −−− 1,609

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 5,848 24 510 1 6,382

Railroad ................................................................... 28 24 * − 53

River ........................................................................ 3,991 − 417 − 4,408

Truck ....................................................................... 650 − 89 1 739

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 1,178 − 4 − 1,182

Anthracite ................................................................ 3 − 45 * 48

Railroad ................................................................... − − * − *

Truck ....................................................................... 3 − 45 * 48

Bituminous .............................................................. 5,845 24 465 * 6,334

Railroad ................................................................... 28 24 − − 52

River ........................................................................ 3,991 − 417 − 4,408

Truck ....................................................................... 647 − 44 * 692

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 1,178 − 4 − 1,182

Tennessee .................................................................... − − 33 − 33

Railroad ................................................................... − − 33 − 33

Virginia ....................................................................... 17 296 − * 314

Railroad ................................................................... 16 289 − * 305

River ........................................................................ 1 7 − − 8

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

West Virginia Total................................................... 21,126 1,131 1,378 167 1 23,813

Railroad ................................................................... 8,098 90 13 64 8,265

River ........................................................................ 7,333 773 391 44 8,541

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 3,330 9 611 60 4,009

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 364 − 2,729

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 11

Northern .................................................................. 9,759 69 164 4 9,996

Railroad ................................................................... 182 69 − − 252

River ........................................................................ 4,509 − 2 − 4,510

Truck ....................................................................... 2,703 − 153 4 2,860

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 9 − 2,374

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 165 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: WEST VIRGINIA (Continued)

Southern .................................................................. 11,367 1,062 1,214 163 1 13,817

Railroad ................................................................... 7,916 21 13 64 8,013

River ........................................................................ 2,824 773 389 44 4,030

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 627 9 458 56 1,149

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 354 − 354

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 11

State Total .................................................................. 32,004 1,451 1,997 168 1 35,632

Railroad ................................................................... 8,154 403 83 64 8,704

River ........................................................................ 13,188 781 819 44 14,832

Tidewater ................................................................ − 259 − − 259

Truck ....................................................................... 7,119 9 727 60 7,915

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,543 − 368 − 3,911

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 11

DESTINATION: WISCONSIN

Alabama ...................................................................... 72 −−− 72

Railroad ................................................................... 72 −−− 72

Colorado ..................................................................... 221 −−− 221

River ........................................................................ 221 −−− 221

Illinois ......................................................................... 710 − 125 − 835

Railroad ................................................................... − − 99 − 99

River ........................................................................ 710 −−− 710

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 26 − 26

Indiana ........................................................................ 163 − 65 − 228

Railroad ................................................................... 163 − 65 − 228

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 203 − 593 156 952

Railroad ................................................................... 49 − 311 * 360

River ........................................................................ 64 − 39 143 246

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 242 − 332

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

Eastern ..................................................................... 203 − 372 156 730

Railroad ................................................................... 49 − 105 * 155

River ........................................................................ 64 − 23 143 230

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 242 − 332

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

Western .................................................................... − − 221 − 221

Railroad ................................................................... − − 206 − 206

River ........................................................................ − − 16 − 16

Montana ...................................................................... 482 −−− 482

Railroad ................................................................... 482 −−− 482

New Mexico................................................................ 216 −−− 216

Railroad ................................................................... 216 −−− 216

Ohio ............................................................................. * −−− *

Railroad ................................................................... * −−− *

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 980 − 25 1 1,007

Railroad ................................................................... 514 − 8 − 522

River ........................................................................ − − 17 1 19

Great Lakes............................................................. 466 −−− 466

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 8 − 8

Railroad ................................................................... − − 8 − 8

Truck ....................................................................... − − * − *

Bituminous .............................................................. 980 − 17 1 999

Railroad ................................................................... 514 −−− 514

River ........................................................................ − − 17 1 19

Great Lakes............................................................. 466 −−− 466

Texas ........................................................................... 4 −−− 4

Railroad ................................................................... 4 −−− 4

West Virginia Total................................................... 100 − 112 − 212

Railroad ................................................................... 39 − 30 − 69

River ........................................................................ 47 − 5 − 52

Great Lakes............................................................. 13 − 78 − 91

Northern .................................................................. 21 − 72 − 94

Railroad ................................................................... 12 −−− 12

Great Lakes............................................................. 9 − 72 − 82

See footnotes at end of table.

166 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: WISCONSIN (Continued)

Southern .................................................................. 78 − 40 − 118

Railroad ................................................................... 27 − 30 − 57

River ........................................................................ 47 − 5 − 52

Great Lakes............................................................. 4 − 6 − 10

Wyoming ..................................................................... 22,849 − 929 − 23,778

Railroad ................................................................... 22,164 − 929 − 23,093

River ........................................................................ 191 −−− 191

Great Lakes............................................................. 494 −−− 494

State Total .................................................................. 26,001 − 1,849 157 28,007

Railroad ................................................................... 23,704 − 1,441 * 25,146

River ........................................................................ 1,232 − 61 144 1,438

Great Lakes............................................................. 1,064 − 345 − 1,409

Truck ....................................................................... − − 2 12 14

DESTINATION: WYOMING

Colorado ..................................................................... − − 148 − 148

Railroad ................................................................... − − 1 − 1

Truck ....................................................................... − − 146 − 146

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... − − 48 − 48

Railroad ................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Anthracite ................................................................ − − 2 − 2

Railroad ................................................................... − − 2 − 2

Bituminous .............................................................. − − 47 − 47

Truck ....................................................................... − − 47 − 47

Utah ............................................................................. −−− * *

Truck ....................................................................... −−− * *

Wyoming ..................................................................... 26,509 − 1,907 104 28,519

Railroad ................................................................... 14,227 − 1,216 1 15,444

Truck ....................................................................... 761 − 691 103 1,555

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

State Total .................................................................. 26,509 − 2,103 104 28,715

Railroad ................................................................... 14,227 − 1,219 1 15,447

Truck ....................................................................... 761 − 884 103 1,748

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

DESTINATION: U.S. TOTAL

Alabama ...................................................................... 12,658 1,681 1,582 23 2 15,990

Railroad ................................................................... 5,528 1,620 134 − 7,282

River ........................................................................ 4,116 −−− 4,116

Truck ....................................................................... 3,014 61 1,448 23 4,546

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 46

Alaska ......................................................................... 483 − − 553 1,036

Railroad ................................................................... 148 − − 483 631

Truck ....................................................................... 335 − − 69 405

Arizona ....................................................................... 12,623 −−− 12,623

Railroad ................................................................... 8,129 −−− 8,129

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,494 −−− 4,494

Arkansas ..................................................................... − − 22 − 22

Truck ....................................................................... − − 22 − 22

Colorado ..................................................................... 26,244 250 1,594 100 2 28,198

Railroad ................................................................... 21,129 250 1,173 − 22,553

River ........................................................................ 829 −−− 829

Truck ....................................................................... 4,287 − 421 100 4,808

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 8

Illinois ......................................................................... 34,700 − 3,980 604 2 40,102

Railroad ................................................................... 16,108 − 1,296 * 17,405

River ........................................................................ 13,703 − 313 247 14,263

Great Lakes............................................................. − − 26 − 26

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,145 −−− 1,145

Truck ....................................................................... 3,744 − 2,324 357 6,425

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − − 21 − 21

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 818

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 167 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

Indiana ........................................................................ 32,191 − 1,713 295 2 34,215

Railroad ................................................................... 22,254 − 349 * 22,603

River ........................................................................ 263 − 294 − 557

Great Lakes............................................................. 68 −−− 68

Truck ....................................................................... 8,983 − 1,070 295 10,347

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 624 −−− 624

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 16

Kansas ......................................................................... 408 −−− 408

Truck ....................................................................... 408 −−− 408

Kentucky Total .......................................................... 114,895 2,317 15,259 1,066 3 133,997

Railroad ................................................................... 76,293 1,988 8,478 211 86,969

River ........................................................................ 23,979 40 3,689 625 28,334

Great Lakes............................................................. 538 263 1,072 − 1,874

Tidewater ................................................................ 19 − 168 − 187

Truck ....................................................................... 14,065 25 1,852 230 16,172

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 460

Eastern ..................................................................... 86,144 2,317 14,610 1,007 3 104,287

Railroad ................................................................... 68,217 1,988 8,272 211 78,688

River ........................................................................ 10,502 40 3,328 567 14,437

Great Lakes............................................................. 538 263 1,072 − 1,874

Tidewater ................................................................ 19 − 168 − 187

Truck ....................................................................... 6,867 25 1,771 228 8,891

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 209

Western .................................................................... 28,751 − 648 59 2 29,710

Railroad ................................................................... 8,076 − 206 − 8,281

River ........................................................................ 13,477 − 362 57 13,896

Truck ....................................................................... 7,198 − 81 2 7,281

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 251

Louisiana .................................................................... 2,952 −−− 2,952

Truck ....................................................................... 716 −−− 716

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,236 −−− 2,236

Maryland .................................................................... 3,663 − 209 2 2 3,875

Railroad ................................................................... 322 −−− 322

Truck ....................................................................... 3,341 − 209 2 3,552

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 1

Mississippi .................................................................. 18 −−− 18

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 18 −−− 18

Missouri ...................................................................... 312 − 78 3 392

Truck ....................................................................... 312 − 78 3 392

Montana ...................................................................... 39,664 − 915 69 40,649

Railroad ................................................................... 23,598 − − 67 23,665

Great Lakes............................................................. 6,214 − 433 − 6,647

Truck ....................................................................... 223 − 64 3 289

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 9,629 − 419 − 10,048

New Mexico................................................................ 27,482 − 963 5 1 28,450

Railroad ................................................................... 20,443 − 963 − 21,406

Truck ....................................................................... −−− 5 5

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 7,039 −−− 7,039

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 1 0

North Dakota ............................................................. 24,631 − 6,257 50 30,938

Railroad ................................................................... 502 −−− 502

Truck ....................................................................... 4,492 − − 50 4,542

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 19,636 − 6,257 − 25,893

Ohio ............................................................................. 21,413 − 1,518 130 2 23,068

Railroad ................................................................... 1,400 − − 16 1,416

River ........................................................................ 6,585 −−− 6,585

Great Lakes............................................................. 2 − 1 − 3

Truck ....................................................................... 6,939 − 1,518 114 8,570

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 6,487 −−− 6,487

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 7

Oklahoma ................................................................... 1,275 − 375 7 1,657

Truck ....................................................................... 1,275 − 375 7 1,657

Pennsylvania Total .................................................... 60,167 1,957 5,642 771 3 68,703

Railroad ................................................................... 25,462 101 1,123 3 26,689

River ........................................................................ 13,482 1,668 924 44 16,118

Great Lakes............................................................. 947 188 233 − 1,367

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... 14,842 − 3,296 725 18,862

See footnotes at end of table.

168 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

Pennsylvania Total

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 5,421 − 66 − 5,486

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 166

Anthracite ................................................................ 2,984 − 761 578 2 4,365

Railroad ................................................................... 172 − 310 3 485

River ........................................................................ − − 16 − 16

Truck ....................................................................... 2,812 − 435 575 3,822

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 42

Bituminous .............................................................. 57,184 1,957 4,881 193 3 64,338

Railroad ................................................................... 25,291 101 813 − 26,204

River ........................................................................ 13,482 1,668 908 44 16,103

Great Lakes............................................................. 947 188 233 − 1,367

Tidewater ................................................................ 13 −−− 13

Truck ....................................................................... 12,030 − 2,861 149 15,040

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 5,421 − 66 − 5,486

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 124

Tennessee .................................................................... 2,385 − 714 44 2 3,151

Railroad ................................................................... 1,637 − 574 − 2,211

Truck ....................................................................... 748 − 139 44 931

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 9

Texas ........................................................................... 50,061 − 2,840 − 2 52,903

Railroad ................................................................... 23,672 − 149 − 23,821

River ........................................................................ − − 12 − 12

Great Lakes............................................................. 30 −−− 30

Truck ....................................................................... 13,545 − 260 − 13,805

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 12,815 − 2,419 − 15,233

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 2

Utah ............................................................................. 20,185 − 2,992 215 2 23,402

Railroad ................................................................... 12,648 − 2,650 15 15,314

Truck ....................................................................... 4,144 − 342 200 4,685

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 3,393 −−− 3,393

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 10

Virginia ....................................................................... 16,317 3,373 2,953 67 3 22,865

Railroad ................................................................... 12,718 2,401 2,829 54 18,001

River ........................................................................ 1,369 9 3 * 1,381

Tidewater ................................................................ 731 −−− 731

Truck ....................................................................... 1,499 * 107 13 1,620

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 963 14 − 977

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 154

Washington ................................................................. 4,074 −−− 4,074

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 4,074 −−− 4,074

West Virginia Total................................................... 105,225 18,125 10,692 760 3 134,882

Railroad ................................................................... 52,462 11,408 5,772 382 70,024

River ........................................................................ 40,498 5,428 2,991 212 49,130

Great Lakes............................................................. 157 957 220 − 1,335

Tidewater ................................................................ 4,290 259 − − 4,548

Truck ....................................................................... 5,453 15 1,345 166 6,978

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 59 364 − 2,787

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 80

Northern .................................................................. 35,181 1,219 797 47 2 37,259

Railroad ................................................................... 12,191 1,198 380 − 13,769

River ........................................................................ 15,451 21 17 − 15,488

Great Lakes............................................................. 90 − 84 − 174

Tidewater ................................................................ 1,028 −−− 1,028

Truck ....................................................................... 4,057 − 307 47 4,411

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 2,365 − 9 − 2,374

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 14

Southern .................................................................. 70,044 16,906 9,895 713 3 97,624

Railroad ................................................................... 40,271 10,210 5,393 382 56,255

River ........................................................................ 25,047 5,407 2,975 212 33,641

Great Lakes............................................................. 67 957 136 − 1,161

Tidewater ................................................................ 3,262 259 − − 3,521

Truck ....................................................................... 1,396 15 1,037 119 2,567

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. − 59 354 − 413

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 65

Wyoming ..................................................................... 327,609 − 5,527 113 2 333,253

Railroad ................................................................... 303,657 − 4,083 8 307,748

River ........................................................................ 9,242 −−− 9,242

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 169 
Table 64. Domestic Distribution of U.S. Coal by Destination State, Consumer,

Origin and Method of Transportation, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Industrial Coal-Producing State of Origin Electricity Coke Residential Plants Total by Method of Transportation Generation Plants and Commercial (Except Coke)

DESTINATION: U.S. TOTAL (Continued)

Wyoming

Great Lakes............................................................. 1,921 − 475 − 2,397

Truck ....................................................................... 1,269 − 969 105 2,343

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 11,521 −−− 11,521

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 2 3

U.S. Total.................................................................... 941,636 27,703 65,824 4,879 3 1,041,823

Railroad ................................................................... 628,110 17,768 29,574 1,239 676,691

River ........................................................................ 114,066 7,145 8,226 1,128 130,566

Great Lakes............................................................. 9,877 1,408 2,459 − 13,745

Tidewater ................................................................ 6,199 259 168 − 6,625

Truck ....................................................................... 93,632 101 15,838 2,511 112,083

Tramway, Conveyor, and Slurry Pipeline ............. 89,751 1,022 9,559 − 100,332

Unknown ................................................................. −−−− 3 1,781

1 Includes distribution to the transportation sector.

2 Includes distribution to unknown consumers.

3 Includes distribution to both the transportation sector and unknown consumers.

* Quantity is less than 500 short tons or percent is less than .05.

 Note: Total may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

170 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Alabama ............................................................... 7,282 4,116 − 3,307 7,423 4,546 − 46 19,297

Alabama ............................................................. 5,444 4,116 − − 4,116 4,464 − − 14,024

Arkansas ............................................................. 113 − − − −− − − 113

Georgia ............................................................... 194 − − − −− − − 194

Indiana ............................................................... 1,302 − − − −− − − 1,302

Mississippi ......................................................... −− − − − 35 − − 35

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 157 − − − −− − − 157

Tennessee ........................................................... −− − − − 47 − − 47

Wisconsin ........................................................... 72 − − − −− − − 72

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 46 46

Foreign ............................................................... −− − 3,307 3,307 −− − 3,307

Alaska ................................................................... 631 − − 537 537 405 − − 1,573

Alaska ................................................................ 631 −− − − 405 − − 1,036

Foreign ............................................................... −− − 537 537 −− − 537

Arizona ................................................................. 8,129 − − − −− 4,494 − 12,623

Arizona ............................................................... 8,129 − − − −− − − 8,129

Nevada ............................................................... −− − − −− 4,494 − 4,494

Arkansas .............................................................. −− − − − 22 − − 22

Arkansas ............................................................. −− − − − 4 − − 4

Missouri ............................................................. −− − − − 16 − − 16

Texas .................................................................. −− − − − 3 − − 3

Colorado ............................................................... 23,905 829 − 467 1,295 4,808 − 8 30,017

Alaska ................................................................ 15 − − − −− − − 15

Arizona ............................................................... 630 −− − − * − − 630

Arkansas ............................................................. 10 − − − −− − − 10

California ........................................................... 10 − − − −− − − 10

Colorado ............................................................. 7,735 −− − − 4,559 − − 12,294

Illinois ................................................................ 185 141 − − 141 4 − − 330

Iowa ................................................................... 170 306 − − 306 −− − 475

Kansas ................................................................ 587 − − − −− − − 587

Kentucky ............................................................ 2,946 − − − −− − − 2,946

Michigan ............................................................ 12 43 − − 43 −− − 55

Mississippi ......................................................... 1,101 − − − −− − − 1,101

Missouri ............................................................. 1,766 − − − −− − − 1,766

Nebraska ............................................................ 20 − − − −− − − 20

New Mexico ...................................................... −− − − − 99 − − 99

Tennessee ........................................................... 2,803 117 − − 117 −− − 2,920

Texas .................................................................. 2,951 − − − −− − − 2,951

Utah .................................................................... 1,610 − − − −− − − 1,610

Wisconsin ........................................................... − 221 − − 221 −− − 221

Wyoming ........................................................... 1 −− − − 146 − − 148

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 8 8

Foreign ............................................................... 1,352 − − 467 467 −− − 1,819

Illinois ................................................................... 17,405 14,263 26 1,210 15,499 6,425 21 818 40,167

Alabama ............................................................. 661 577 − 100 677 −− − 1,338

Florida ................................................................ 1,073 3,227 − − 3,227 −− − 4,300

Georgia ............................................................... 614 − − − −− − − 614

Illinois ................................................................ 9,420 3,161 − − 3,161 4,989 21 − 17,592

Indiana ............................................................... 3,956 773 − − 773 434 − − 5,162

Iowa ................................................................... 214 1,655 − − 1,655 193 − − 2,061

Kentucky ............................................................ 368 −− − − 27 − − 395

Minnesota ........................................................... − 72 − − 72 −− − 72

Mississippi ......................................................... − 427 − 1,045 1,472 −− − 1,472

Missouri ............................................................. 1,000 551 − − 551 720 − − 2,271

New York .......................................................... −− − − − 63 − − 63

Oklahoma ........................................................... − 1 − − 1 −− − 1

Pennsylvania ...................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Tennessee ........................................................... − 3,109 − − 3,109 −− − 3,109

Wisconsin ........................................................... 99 710 26 − 735 −− − 835

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 818 818

Foreign ............................................................... −− − 65 65 −− − 65

Indiana ................................................................. 22,603 557 68 − 625 10,347 624 16 34,215

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 171 
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Indiana (Continued)

Illinois ................................................................ 767 −− − − 237 − − 1,004

Indiana ............................................................... 20,565 293 − − 293 9,260 624 − 30,742

Iowa ................................................................... 109 − − − − −− − 109

Kentucky ............................................................ 799 237 − − 237 851 − − 1,887

Michigan ............................................................ − − 68 − 68 −− − 68

Minnesota ........................................................... 83 − − − − −− − 83

Missouri ............................................................. 6 − − − − −− − 6

Ohio ................................................................... 46 26 − − 26 −− − 72

Oklahoma ........................................................... − 1 − − 1 −− − 1

Wisconsin ........................................................... 228 − − − − −− − 228

Unknown State .................................................. − − − − − −− 16 16

Kansas .................................................................. −− − − − 408 − − 408

Kansas ................................................................ −− − − − 406 − − 406

Missouri ............................................................. −− − − − 2 − − 2

Kentucky .............................................................. 87,555 28,356 2,763 3,325 34,444 16,172 − 460 138,632

Alabama ............................................................. 1,085 1,178 − − 1,178 26 − − 2,288

Arkansas ............................................................. 20 − − − − −− − 20

Delaware ............................................................ 69 − − − − −− − 69

District of Columbia.......................................... 3 − − − − −− − 3

Florida ................................................................ 12,096 3,122 − − 3,122 −− − 15,218

Georgia ............................................................... 16,255 21 − − 21 174 − − 16,450

Illinois ................................................................ 867 400 82 − 482 43 − − 1,391

Indiana ............................................................... 556 1,979 − − 1,979 452 − − 2,987

Iowa ................................................................... 30 359 − − 359 * − − 389

Kentucky ............................................................ 8,477 5,404 − − 5,404 12,047 − 10 25,939

Louisiana ............................................................ − 279 − − 279 −− − 279

Maine ................................................................. −− − 168 168 −− − 168

Maryland ............................................................ 108 − − − − −− − 108

Massachusetts .................................................... 223 82 48 − 130 −− − 353

Michigan ............................................................ 3,198 − 1,351 − 1,351 1,491 − − 6,040

Minnesota ........................................................... − 126 32 − 157 −− − 157

Mississippi ......................................................... 1,039 81 − − 81 −− − 1,119

Missouri ............................................................. 218 54 − − 54 −− − 273

Nevada ............................................................... 11 − − − − −− − 11

New Jersey......................................................... −− − 10 10 −− − 10

New York .......................................................... 1,176 39 − − 39 −− − 1,216

North Carolina ................................................... 12,998 −− − − 459 − − 13,457

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Ohio ................................................................... 2,595 6,174 29 − 6,204 342 − − 9,140

Oklahoma ........................................................... − 46 − − 46 −− − 46

Oregon ............................................................... 7 − − − − −− − 7

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 336 288 − − 288 89 − − 714

South Carolina ................................................... 11,678 −− − − 46 − − 11,724

Tennessee ........................................................... 8,392 7,743 − − 7,743 636 − − 16,772

Texas .................................................................. 151 2 − − 2 −− − 153

Virginia .............................................................. 4,971 444 − 10 454 243 − − 5,668

West Virginia..................................................... 49 266 − − 266 110 − − 425

Wisconsin ........................................................... 360 246 332 − 578 14 − − 952

Unknown State .................................................. − − − − − −− 450 450

Foreign ............................................................... 586 22 889 3,138 4,050 −− − 4,636

Kentucky, Eastern .............................................. 79,274 14,459 2,763 3,325 20,548 8,891 − 209 108,922

Alabama ............................................................. 276 112 − − 112 26 − − 415

Arkansas ............................................................. 20 − − − − −− − 20

Delaware ............................................................ 69 − − − − −− − 69

District of Columbia.......................................... 3 − − − − −− − 3

Florida ................................................................ 12,035 1,769 − − 1,769 −− − 13,804

Georgia ............................................................... 16,255 21 − − 21 174 − − 16,450

Illinois ................................................................ 867 245 82 − 327 43 − − 1,236

Indiana ............................................................... 556 1,973 − − 1,973 414 − − 2,942

Iowa ................................................................... 30 237 − − 237 * − − 268

Kentucky ............................................................ 3,117 1,984 − − 1,984 4,809 − 10 9,921

Louisiana ............................................................ − 16 − − 16 −− − 16

Maine ................................................................. −− − 168 168 −− − 168

Maryland ............................................................ 108 − − − − −− − 108

See footnotes at end of table.

172 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Kentucky, Eastern (Continued)

Massachusetts .................................................... 223 82 48 − 130 −− − 353

Michigan ............................................................ 3,198 − 1,351 − 1,351 1,491 − − 6,040

Minnesota ........................................................... − 110 32 − 142 −− − 142

Mississippi ......................................................... 1,039 3 − − 3 −− − 1,042

Missouri ............................................................. 218 43 − − 43 −− − 261

Nevada ............................................................... 11 − − − −− − − 11

New Jersey......................................................... −− − 10 10 −− − 10

New York .......................................................... 1,176 39 − − 39 −− − 1,216

North Carolina ................................................... 12,998 −− − − 459 − − 13,457

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Ohio ................................................................... 2,595 6,117 29 − 6,146 342 − − 9,083

Oklahoma ........................................................... − 46 − − 46 −− − 46

Oregon ............................................................... 7 − − − −− − − 7

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 336 288 − − 288 89 − − 714

South Carolina ................................................... 11,678 −− − − 46 − − 11,724

Tennessee ........................................................... 6,546 410 − − 410 632 − − 7,587

Texas .................................................................. 151 2 − − 2 −− − 153

Virginia .............................................................. 4,971 444 − 10 454 243 − − 5,668

West Virginia..................................................... 49 266 − − 266 110 − − 425

Wisconsin ........................................................... 155 230 332 − 562 14 − − 730

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 199 199

Foreign ............................................................... 586 22 889 3,138 4,050 −− − 4,636

Kentucky, Western ............................................. 8,281 13,896 − − 13,896 7,281 − 251 29,710

Alabama ............................................................. 808 1,065 − − 1,065 −− − 1,873

Florida ................................................................ 61 1,353 − − 1,353 −− − 1,414

Illinois ................................................................ − 155 − − 155 −− − 155

Indiana ............................................................... − 7 − − 7 38 − − 45

Iowa ................................................................... − 122 − − 122 −− − 122

Kentucky ............................................................ 5,360 3,421 − − 3,421 7,238 − − 16,019

Louisiana ............................................................ − 262 − − 262 −− − 262

Minnesota ........................................................... − 15 − − 15 −− − 15

Mississippi ......................................................... − 78 − − 78 −− − 78

Missouri ............................................................. − 11 − − 11 −− − 11

Ohio ................................................................... − 58 − − 58 −− − 58

Tennessee ........................................................... 1,847 7,333 − − 7,333 5 − − 9,185

Virginia .............................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Wisconsin ........................................................... 206 16 − − 16 −− − 221

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 251 251

Louisiana .............................................................. −− − − − 716 2,236 − 2,952

Louisiana ............................................................ −− − − − 716 2,236 − 2,952

Maryland .............................................................. 322 − − * * 3,552 − 1 3,875

Delaware ............................................................ 139 − − − −− − − 139

Maryland ............................................................ 183 −− − − 495 − − 677

Pennsylvania ...................................................... −− − − − 2 − − 2

West Virginia..................................................... −− − − − 3,056 − − 3,056

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 1 1

Foreign ............................................................... −− − * * −− − *

Mississippi ............................................................ −− − − −− 18 − 18

Mississippi ......................................................... −− − − −− 18 − 18

Missouri ................................................................ −− − − − 392 − − 392

Kansas ................................................................ −− − − − 1 − − 1

Missouri ............................................................. −− − − − 391 − − 391

Montana ............................................................... 24,136 − 6,858 − 6,858 289 10,048 − 41,332

Arizona ............................................................... 69 − − − −− − − 69

Illinois ................................................................ 1,769 − − − −− − − 1,769

Indiana ............................................................... 1,308 − − − −− − − 1,308

Kansas ................................................................ 1,319 − − − −− − − 1,319

Michigan ............................................................ 3,474 − 6,478 − 6,478 −− − 9,952

Minnesota ........................................................... 9,429 − − − −− − − 9,429

Mississippi ......................................................... 1,926 − − − −− − − 1,926

Montana ............................................................. 9 −− − − 289 10,048 − 10,346

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 173 
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Montana (Continued)

North Dakota ..................................................... 877 − − − −− − − 877

Ohio ................................................................... − − 168 − 168 −− − 168

Oregon ............................................................... 1,507 − − − −− − − 1,507

South Dakota ..................................................... 1,496 − − − −− − − 1,496

Wisconsin ........................................................... 482 − − − −− − − 482

Foreign ............................................................... 471 − 212 − 212 −− − 682

New Mexico ......................................................... 21,406 −− − − 5 7,039 * 28,450

Arizona ............................................................... 11,346 − − − −− − − 11,346

California ........................................................... 6 − − − −− − − 6

Colorado ............................................................. 1 − − − −− − − 1

New Mexico ...................................................... 9,378 −− − − 5 7,039 * 16,423

Oklahoma ........................................................... 64 − − − −− − − 64

Texas .................................................................. 395 − − − −− − − 395

Wisconsin ........................................................... 216 − − − −− − − 216

North Dakota....................................................... 502 −− − − 4,542 25,893 − 30,938

North Dakota ..................................................... 502 −− − − 4,542 25,893 − 30,938

Ohio ...................................................................... 1,416 6,585 7 2 6,594 8,570 6,487 7 23,074

Alabama ............................................................. − 31 − − 31 −− − 31

Connecticut ........................................................ −− − − − * − − *

Georgia ............................................................... 42 − − − −− − − 42

Indiana ............................................................... − 7 − − 7 84 − − 91

Kentucky ............................................................ − 123 − − 123 −− − 123

Michigan ............................................................ − − 2 − 2 237 − − 239

Minnesota ........................................................... −− − − − 5 − − 5

New Hampshire ................................................. 7 − − − −− − − 7

New Jersey......................................................... 16 − − − −− − − 16

New York .......................................................... 16 −− − − 4 − − 20

Ohio ................................................................... 1,335 4,649 * − 4,649 8,050 6,487 − 20,521

Pennsylvania ...................................................... * 167 − − 167 191 − − 358

West Virginia..................................................... − 1,609 − − 1,609 −− − 1,609

Wisconsin ........................................................... * − − − −− − − *

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 7 7

Foreign ............................................................... − − 426 −− − 6

Oklahoma ............................................................. −− − − − 1,657 − − 1,657

Arkansas ............................................................. −− − − − 66 − − 66

Kansas ................................................................ −− − − − 82 − − 82

Oklahoma ........................................................... −− − − − 1,453 − − 1,453

Texas .................................................................. −− − − − 56 − − 56

Pennsylvania ........................................................ 26,995 16,764 2,591 4,802 24,157 18,864 5,486 166 75,669

Alabama ............................................................. 200 117 − − 117 * − − 317

Arizona ............................................................... * −− − − * − − *

Arkansas ............................................................. −− − − − 1 − − 1

California ........................................................... * −− − − * − − *

Colorado ............................................................. 18 1,096 − − 1,096 1 − − 1,115

Connecticut ........................................................ 80 −− − − 6 − − 87

Delaware ............................................................ 426 −− − − 7 − − 433

District of Columbia.......................................... −− − − − * − − *

Florida ................................................................ 256 −− − − * − − 256

Georgia ............................................................... 688 −− − − 3 − − 691

Illinois ................................................................ 16 97 − − 97 * − − 114

Indiana ............................................................... 68 215 − − 215 44 − − 327

Iowa ................................................................... 34 243 − − 243 2 − − 280

Kansas ................................................................ 1 − − − −− − − 1

Kentucky ............................................................ 331 272 − − 272 5 − − 608

Louisiana ............................................................ * 68 − − 68 * − − 68

Maine ................................................................. 12 −− − − 2 − − 15

Maryland ............................................................ 2,879 −− − − 297 − − 3,176

Massachusetts .................................................... 115 −− − − 9 − − 124

Michigan ............................................................ 2,741 265 334 − 599 1 − − 3,342

Minnesota ........................................................... 5 −− − − * − − 6

Mississippi ......................................................... * − − − −− − − *

Missouri ............................................................. 6 −− − − 3 − − 9

See footnotes at end of table.

174 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Pennsylvania (Continued)

Montana ............................................................. 3 −− − − * − − 3

Nebraska ............................................................ 8 −− − − * − − 8

New Hampshire ................................................. 542 − − 13 13 4 − − 560

New Jersey......................................................... 446 −− − − 10 − − 456

New Mexico ...................................................... * −− − − * − − *

New York .......................................................... 4,227 50 465 − 515 634 − − 5,376

North Carolina ................................................... * −− − − * − − *

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − 11 − − 11

Ohio ................................................................... 1,573 3,261 102 − 3,363 118 − − 5,053

Oklahoma ........................................................... * − − − −− − − *

Oregon ............................................................... 17 − − − −− − − 17

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 10,989 5,100 − − 5,100 16,518 4,305 1 36,912

Rhode Island...................................................... −− − − − 2 − − 2

South Carolina ................................................... 67 −− − − 7 − − 74

Tennessee ........................................................... 27 905 − − 905 2 − − 933

Texas .................................................................. 3 2 − − 2 1 − − 6

Utah .................................................................... 77 −− − − 5 − − 82

Vermont ............................................................. −− − − − 2 − − 2

Virginia .............................................................. 256 −− − − 379 − − 636

West Virginia..................................................... 53 4,408 − − 4,408 739 1,182 − 6,382

Wisconsin ........................................................... 522 19 466 − 485 * − − 1,007

Wyoming ........................................................... 2 −− − − 47 − − 48

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 166 166

Foreign ............................................................... 306 646 1,224 4,789 6,659 2 − − 6,966

Pennsylvania Anthracite .................................... 695 16 − 4 20 3,823 − 42 4,580

Alabama ............................................................. * 11 − − 11 * − − 11

Arizona ............................................................... * −− − − * − − *

Arkansas ............................................................. −− − − − 1 − − 1

California ........................................................... * −− − − * − − *

Colorado ............................................................. 18 −− − − 1 − − 18

Connecticut ........................................................ −− − − − 6 − − 6

Delaware ............................................................ * −− − − 7 − − 7

District of Columbia.......................................... −− − − − * − − *

Florida ................................................................ * −− − − * − − *

Georgia ............................................................... * −− − − 3 − − 3

Illinois ................................................................ 16 −− − − * − − 17

Indiana ............................................................... * −− − − 44 − − 44

Iowa ................................................................... 34 −− − − 2 − − 36

Kansas ................................................................ 1 − − − −− − − 1

Kentucky ............................................................ 11 3 − − 3 5 − − 19

Louisiana ............................................................ * −− − − * − − *

Maine ................................................................. * −− − − 2 − − 2

Maryland ............................................................ 98 −− − − 2 − − 100

Massachusetts .................................................... * −− − − 9 − − 10

Michigan ............................................................ * −− − − 1 − − 2

Minnesota ........................................................... 5 −− − − * − − 6

Mississippi ......................................................... * − − − −− − − *

Missouri ............................................................. 6 −− − − 3 − − 9

Montana ............................................................. 3 −− − − * − − 3

Nebraska ............................................................ 8 −− − − * − − 8

New Hampshire ................................................. * −− − − 4 − − 4

New Jersey......................................................... * −− − − 10 − − 10

New Mexico ...................................................... * −− − − * − − *

New York .......................................................... 1 −− − − 78 − − 79

North Carolina ................................................... * −− − − * − − *

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − 1 − − 1

Ohio ................................................................... * −− − − 11 − − 11

Oklahoma ........................................................... * − − − −− − − *

Oregon ............................................................... 17 − − − −− − − 17

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 209 −− − − 3,567 − − 3,776

Rhode Island...................................................... −− − − − 2 − − 2

South Carolina ................................................... 42 −− − − 7 − − 49

Tennessee ........................................................... * −− − − 2 − − 2

Texas .................................................................. 3 2 − − 2 1 − − 6

Vermont ............................................................. −− − − − 2 − − 2

Virginia .............................................................. * −− − − 3 − − 3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 175 
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Pennsylvania Anthracite (Continued)

West Virginia..................................................... * −− − − 48 − − 48

Wisconsin ........................................................... 8 −− − − * − − 8

Wyoming ........................................................... 2 − − − −− − − 2

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 42 42

Foreign ............................................................... 210 − − 4 42 − − 216

Pennsylvania Bituminous................................... 26,300 16,749 2,591 4,798 24,138 15,041 5,486 124 71,089

Alabama ............................................................. 200 106 − − 106 −− − 306

Colorado ............................................................. − 1,096 − − 1,096 −− − 1,096

Connecticut ........................................................ 80 −− − − * − − 80

Delaware ............................................................ 425 −− − − * − − 425

Florida ................................................................ 256 − − − −− − − 256

Georgia ............................................................... 688 − − − −− − − 688

Illinois ................................................................ − 97 − − 97 −− − 97

Indiana ............................................................... 68 215 − − 215 −− − 283

Iowa ................................................................... − 243 − − 243 −− − 243

Kentucky ............................................................ 319 269 − − 269 −− − 589

Louisiana ............................................................ − 68 − − 68 −− − 68

Maine ................................................................. 12 −− − − * − − 12

Maryland ............................................................ 2,781 −− − − 295 − − 3,076

Massachusetts .................................................... 115 − − − −− − − 115

Michigan ............................................................ 2,741 265 334 − 599 −− − 3,340

New Hampshire ................................................. 542 − − 13 13 −− − 556

New Jersey......................................................... 446 − − − −− − − 446

New York .......................................................... 4,226 50 465 − 515 556 − − 5,296

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − 11 − − 11

Ohio ................................................................... 1,572 3,261 102 − 3,363 107 − − 5,042

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 10,780 5,100 − − 5,100 12,951 4,305 1 33,136

South Carolina ................................................... 26 − − − −− − − 26

Tennessee ........................................................... 27 905 − − 905 −− − 932

Texas .................................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Utah .................................................................... 77 −− − − 5 − − 82

Virginia .............................................................. 256 −− − − 377 − − 633

West Virginia..................................................... 52 4,408 − − 4,408 692 1,182 − 6,334

Wisconsin ........................................................... 514 19 466 − 485 −− − 999

Wyoming ........................................................... −− − − − 47 − − 47

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 123 123

Foreign ............................................................... 96 646 1,224 4,785 6,655 * − − 6,750

Tennessee ............................................................. 2,215 −− − − 931 − 9 3,155

Alabama ............................................................. 35 −− − − 14 − − 49

Delaware ............................................................ −− − − − 13 − − 13

Florida ................................................................ 30 − − − −− − − 30

Georgia ............................................................... 787 −− − − 24 − − 811

Kentucky ............................................................ 1 −− − − 86 − − 87

North Carolina ................................................... 352 −− − − 1 − − 354

Ohio ................................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Pennsylvania ...................................................... −− − − − 11 − − 11

South Carolina ................................................... 289 − − − −− − − 289

Tennessee ........................................................... 684 −− − − 781 − − 1,465

West Virginia..................................................... 33 − − − −− − − 33

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 9 9

Foreign ............................................................... 4 − − − −− − − 4

Texas ..................................................................... 23,830 12 102 92 205 13,805 15,233 2 53,075

Illinois ................................................................ − 12 − − 12 −− − 12

Michigan ............................................................ − − 23 − 23 −− − 23

Ohio ................................................................... − − 7 − 7 −− − 7

Texas .................................................................. 23,817 −− − − 13,805 15,233 − 52,855

Wisconsin ........................................................... 4 − − − −− − − 4

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 2 2

Foreign ............................................................... 8 − 72 92 163 −− − 172

Utah ...................................................................... 15,314 − − 2,313 2,313 4,685 3,393 10 25,715

See footnotes at end of table.

176 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

Utah (Continued)

California ........................................................... 5,101 −− − − 29 − − 5,130

Colorado ............................................................. −− − − − 3 − − 3

Idaho .................................................................. 12 −− − − 54 − − 66

Illinois ................................................................ 1,507 − − − −− − − 1,507

Kansas ................................................................ −− − − − * − − *

Missouri ............................................................. 99 − − − −− − − 99

Montana ............................................................. −− − − − 4 − − 4

Nebraska ............................................................ −− − − − 3 − − 3

Nevada ............................................................... 3,740 −− − − 118 − − 3,857

New Mexico ...................................................... −− − − − * − − *

North Dakota ..................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Oregon ............................................................... 431 −− − − * − − 431

Tennessee ........................................................... 1,142 − − − −− − − 1,142

Texas .................................................................. 105 − − − −− − − 105

Utah .................................................................... 3,112 −− − − 4,474 3,393 − 10,979

Washington ........................................................ 66 −− − − 1 − − 67

Wyoming ........................................................... −− − − − * − − *

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 10 10

Foreign ............................................................... −− − 2,313 2,313 −− − 2,313

Virginia ................................................................ 18,276 1,381 − 9,226 10,608 1,620 977 154 31,634

Alabama ............................................................. 601 − − − −− − − 601

Delaware ............................................................ 182 − − − −− − − 182

Florida ................................................................ 590 − − − −− − − 590

Georgia ............................................................... 4,475 − − − −− − − 4,475

Illinois ................................................................ − 4 − − 4 −− − 4

Indiana ............................................................... 798 941 − − 941 −− − 1,739

Maryland ............................................................ −− − − − 1 − − 1

Michigan ............................................................ * −− − − * − − *

New Jersey......................................................... −− − 731 731 2 − − 734

New York .......................................................... 93 − − − −− − − 93

North Carolina ................................................... 652 −− − − 48 − − 700

Ohio ................................................................... 564 427 − − 427 −− − 991

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 350 − − − −− − − 350

South Carolina ................................................... 1,137 −− − − * − − 1,138

Tennessee ........................................................... 2,464 −− − − 55 − − 2,519

Texas .................................................................. 12 − − − −− − − 12

Utah .................................................................... 58 − − − −− − − 58

Virginia .............................................................. 5,718 −− − − 1,513 977 146 8,355

West Virginia..................................................... 305 8 − − 8 * − − 314

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 8 8

Foreign ............................................................... 274 − − 8,495 8,495 −− − 8,770

Washington .......................................................... −− − − −− 4,074 − 4,074

Washington ........................................................ −− − − −− 4,074 − 4,074

West Virginia ...................................................... 74,196 49,165 6,412 18,110 73,687 6,980 2,787 80 157,730

Alabama ............................................................. 1,677 464 − − 464 16 − − 2,156

Connecticut ........................................................ 117 − − 598 598 −− − 715

Delaware ............................................................ 523 −− − − 2 − − 525

District of Columbia.......................................... 3 3 − − 3 −− − 6

Florida ................................................................ 1,135 172 − 1,306 1,478 3 − − 2,615

Georgia ............................................................... 3,713 − − − −− − − 3,713

Illinois ................................................................ 936 587 20 − 607 6 − − 1,549

Indiana ............................................................... 5,896 1,588 − * 1,588 −− − 7,484

Iowa ................................................................... 3,437 95 − − 95 −− − 3,531

Kentucky ............................................................ 1,190 7,186 − − 7,186 418 − − 8,793

Louisiana ............................................................ − 155 − − 155 −− − 155

Maine ................................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Maryland ............................................................ 6,936 − − 1,226 1,226 871 − − 9,033

Massachusetts .................................................... 628 − − 245 245 −− − 873

Michigan ............................................................ 4,940 7 997 − 1,004 −− − 5,944

Minnesota ........................................................... − 94 − − 94 −− − 94

Mississippi ......................................................... 140 − − − −− − − 140

Missouri ............................................................. 12 297 − − 297 −− − 308

Nevada ............................................................... −− − − − * − − *

New Hampshire ................................................. 211 − − − −− − − 211

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 177 
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

West Virginia (Continued)

New Jersey......................................................... 1,063 46 − 483 528 −− − 1,591

New York .......................................................... 3,608 92 − 77 169 5 − − 3,782

North Carolina ................................................... 10,266 − − − −− − − 10,266

Ohio ................................................................... 5,365 20,334 175 − 20,509 627 − − 26,501

Oklahoma ........................................................... 7 7 − − 7 −− − 14

Oregon ............................................................... 19 − − − −− − − 19

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 4,418 9,296 50 355 9,701 521 − − 14,640

South Carolina ................................................... 946 − − − −− − − 946

Tennessee ........................................................... 90 48 − − 48 36 − − 173

Texas .................................................................. 103 63 − − 63 −− − 167

Utah .................................................................... 173 − − − −− − − 173

Vermont ............................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Virginia .............................................................. 4,141 5 − − 5 466 59 − 4,670

West Virginia..................................................... 8,265 8,541 − 259 8,799 4,009 2,729 11 23,813

Wisconsin ........................................................... 69 52 91 − 143 −− − 212

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 69 69

Foreign ............................................................... 4,172 36 5,077 13,562 18,674 2 − − 22,848

West Virginia, Northern .................................... 13,968 15,488 1,706 1,549 18,744 4,411 2,374 14 39,512

Alabama ............................................................. − 250 − − 250 −− − 250

Connecticut ........................................................ 17 − − 598 598 −− − 614

Delaware ............................................................ 191 −− − − 2 − − 193

Florida ................................................................ 855 − − − −− − − 855

Illinois ................................................................ 4 − − − −− − − 4

Indiana ............................................................... 219 120 − − 120 −− − 338

Kentucky ............................................................ − 1,436 − − 1,436 5 − − 1,441

Louisiana ............................................................ − 155 − − 155 −− − 155

Maryland ............................................................ 3,916 −− − − 871 − − 4,787

Massachusetts .................................................... 3 − − − −− − − 3

Michigan ............................................................ 545 − 23 − 23 −− − 568

Missouri ............................................................. − 3 − − 3 −− − 3

New Hampshire ................................................. 177 − − − −− − − 177

New Jersey......................................................... 948 − − 430 430 −− − 1,379

New York .......................................................... 2,563 −− − − 1 − − 2,565

Ohio ................................................................... 1,901 3,839 19 − 3,858 6 − − 5,764

Oklahoma ........................................................... − * − − * −− − *

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 2,041 5,174 50 − 5,224 245 − − 7,510

South Carolina ................................................... 106 − − − −− − − 106

Texas .................................................................. 19 − − − −− − − 19

Virginia .............................................................. −− − − − 421 − − 421

West Virginia..................................................... 252 4,510 − − 4,510 2,860 2,374 − 9,996

Wisconsin ........................................................... 12 − 82 − 82 −− − 94

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 14 14

Foreign ............................................................... 199 − 1,533 521 2,054 −− − 2,253

West Virginia, Southern .................................... 60,228 33,677 4,706 16,561 54,943 2,569 413 65 118,219

Alabama ............................................................. 1,677 213 − − 213 16 − − 1,906

Connecticut ........................................................ 101 − − − −− − − 101

Delaware ............................................................ 332 − − − −− − − 332

District of Columbia.......................................... 3 3 − − 3 −− − 6

Florida ................................................................ 279 172 − 1,306 1,478 3 − − 1,760

Georgia ............................................................... 3,713 − − − −− − − 3,713

Illinois ................................................................ 932 587 20 − 607 6 − − 1,545

Indiana ............................................................... 5,678 1,468 − * 1,468 −− − 7,146

Iowa ................................................................... 3,437 95 − − 95 −− − 3,531

Kentucky ............................................................ 1,190 5,750 − − 5,750 413 − − 7,352

Maine ................................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Maryland ............................................................ 3,019 − − 1,226 1,226 −− − 4,245

Massachusetts .................................................... 625 − − 245 245 −− − 870

Michigan ............................................................ 4,394 7 974 − 981 −− − 5,375

Minnesota ........................................................... − 94 − − 94 −− − 94

Mississippi ......................................................... 140 − − − −− − − 140

Missouri ............................................................. 12 293 − − 293 −− − 305

Nevada ............................................................... −− − − − * − − *

New Hampshire ................................................. 34 − − − −− − − 34

New Jersey......................................................... 114 46 − 52 98 −− − 212

New York .......................................................... 1,044 92 − 77 169 4 − − 1,217

See footnotes at end of table.

178 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

West Virginia, Southern (Continued)

North Carolina ................................................... 10,266 − − − −− − − 10,266

Ohio ................................................................... 3,465 16,495 157 − 16,651 621 − − 20,737

Oklahoma ........................................................... 7 7 − − 7 −− − 13

Oregon ............................................................... 19 − − − −− − − 19

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 2,377 4,122 − 355 4,477 276 − − 7,130

South Carolina ................................................... 840 − − − −− − − 840

Tennessee ........................................................... 90 48 − − 48 36 − − 173

Texas .................................................................. 84 63 − − 63 −− − 148

Utah .................................................................... 173 − − − −− − − 173

Vermont ............................................................. −− − − − * − − *

Virginia .............................................................. 4,141 5 − − 5 44 59 − 4,249

West Virginia..................................................... 8,013 4,030 − 259 4,289 1,149 354 11 13,817

Wisconsin ........................................................... 57 52 10 − 62 −− − 118

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 54 54

Foreign ............................................................... 3,973 36 3,545 13,040 16,620 2 − − 20,595

Wyoming .............................................................. 308,057 9,242 5,039 823 15,104 2,343 11,521 3 337,027

Alabama ............................................................. 10,679 − − − −− − − 10,679

Arizona ............................................................... 142 − − − −− − − 142

Arkansas ............................................................. 15,167 − − − −− − − 15,167

California ........................................................... 189 − − − −− − − 189

Colorado ............................................................. 11,077 − − − −− − − 11,077

Florida ................................................................ − 416 − − 416 −− − 416

Georgia ............................................................... 6,805 − − − −− − − 6,805

Idaho .................................................................. 237 −− − − 12 − − 249

Illinois ................................................................ 23,311 − − − −− − − 23,311

Indiana ............................................................... 7,102 7,213 − − 7,213 −− − 14,315

Iowa ................................................................... 24,100 − − − −− − − 24,100

Kansas ................................................................ 13,751 − − − −− − − 13,751

Kentucky ............................................................ 1,789 − − − −− − − 1,789

Louisiana ............................................................ 11,130 − − − −− − − 11,130

Michigan ............................................................ 9,505 − 957 − 957 −− − 10,462

Minnesota ........................................................... 8,111 − 470 − 470 387 − − 8,968

Missouri ............................................................. 34,537 1,422 − − 1,422 −− − 35,958

Montana ............................................................. 723 −− − − * − − 724

Nebraska ............................................................ 12,226 − − − −− − − 12,226

North Carolina ................................................... 28 − − − −− − − 28

Ohio ................................................................... 3,364 − 475 − 475 −− − 3,840

Oklahoma ........................................................... 21,063 − − − −− − − 21,063

Oregon ............................................................... 2,040 − − − −− − − 2,040

South Carolina ................................................... 1,122 − − − −− − − 1,122

South Dakota ..................................................... 558 −− − − 388 − − 947

Tennessee ........................................................... 2,743 − − − −− − − 2,743

Texas .................................................................. 47,614 − − − −− − − 47,614

Utah .................................................................... 15 −− − − * − − 15

Washington ........................................................ 83 − − − −− − − 83

Wisconsin ........................................................... 23,093 191 494 − 685 −− − 23,778

Wyoming ........................................................... 15,444 −− − − 1,555 11,521 − 28,519

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 3 3

Foreign ............................................................... 309 − 2,642 823 3,465 −− − 3,774

U.S. Total ............................................................. 684,173 131,269 23,865 44,214 199,348 112,086 100,332 1,781 1,097,721

Alabama ............................................................. 20,380 6,482 − 100 6,582 4,520 − − 31,482

Alaska ................................................................ 646 −− − − 405 − − 1,051

Arizona ............................................................... 20,316 −− − − * − − 20,317

Arkansas ............................................................. 15,309 −− − − 70 − − 15,380

California ........................................................... 5,305 −− − − 29 − − 5,335

Colorado ............................................................. 18,831 1,096 − − 1,096 4,562 − − 24,490

Connecticut ........................................................ 197 − − 598 598 6 − − 801

Delaware ............................................................ 1,339 −− − − 22 − − 1,362

District of Columbia.......................................... 6 3 − − 3 * − − 9

Florida ................................................................ 15,180 6,938 − 1,306 8,244 3 − − 23,426

Georgia ............................................................... 33,573 21 − − 21 201 − − 33,795

Idaho .................................................................. 249 −− − − 66 − − 315

Illinois ................................................................ 38,779 4,402 102 − 4,504 5,279 21 − 48,583

Indiana ............................................................... 41,552 13,008 − * 13,008 10,273 624 − 65,457

Iowa ................................................................... 28,093 2,657 − − 2,657 196 − − 30,946

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 179 
Table 65. Distribution of U.S. Coal by Origin, Destination, and Method of Transportation, 1999

(Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons)

Water Tramway,

Origin State and Conveyor, Railroad Truck Unknown Total Destination State Great and Slurry River Tidewater Total Lakes Pipeline

U.S. Total (Continued)

Kansas ................................................................ 15,658 −− − − 489 − − 16,147

Kentucky ............................................................ 15,902 13,222 − − 13,222 13,433 − 10 42,567

Louisiana ............................................................ 11,130 502 − − 502 716 2,236 − 14,584

Maine ................................................................. 12 − − 168 168 2 − − 182

Maryland ............................................................ 10,106 − − 1,226 1,226 1,664 − − 12,996

Massachusetts .................................................... 966 82 48 245 375 9 − − 1,351

Michigan ............................................................ 23,869 315 10,212 − 10,527 1,729 − − 36,125

Minnesota ........................................................... 17,628 292 501 − 793 393 − − 18,814

Mississippi ......................................................... 4,206 507 − 1,045 1,552 35 18 − 5,812

Missouri ............................................................. 37,643 2,324 − − 2,324 1,131 − − 41,098

Montana ............................................................. 735 −− − − 293 10,048 − 11,077

Nebraska ............................................................ 12,254 −− − − 3 − − 12,257

Nevada ............................................................... 3,751 −− − − 118 4,494 − 8,363

New Hampshire ................................................. 760 − − 13 13 4 − − 777

New Jersey......................................................... 1,525 46 − 1,224 1,269 13 − − 2,807

New Mexico ...................................................... 9,378 −− − − 104 7,039 * 16,521

New York .......................................................... 9,120 181 465 77 723 706 − − 10,550

North Carolina ................................................... 24,297 −− − − 508 − − 24,805

North Dakota ..................................................... 1,379 −− − − 4,554 25,893 − 31,826

Ohio ................................................................... 14,841 34,872 957 − 35,829 9,137 6,487 − 66,294

Oklahoma ........................................................... 21,134 55 − − 55 1,453 − − 22,642

Oregon ............................................................... 4,021 −− − − * − − 4,021

Pennsylvania ...................................................... 16,251 14,851 50 355 15,256 17,331 4,305 1 53,143

Rhode Island...................................................... −− − − − 2 − − 2

South Carolina ................................................... 15,240 −− − − 53 − − 15,293

South Dakota ..................................................... 2,054 −− − − 388 − − 2,443

Tennessee ........................................................... 18,344 11,922 − − 11,922 1,557 − − 31,822

Texas .................................................................. 75,152 67 − − 67 13,865 15,233 − 104,316

Utah .................................................................... 5,045 −− − − 4,479 3,393 − 12,918

Vermont ............................................................. −− − − − 2 − − 2

Virginia .............................................................. 15,086 449 − 10 458 2,601 1,036 146 19,328

Washington ........................................................ 149 −− − − 1 4,074 − 4,224

West Virginia..................................................... 8,704 14,832 − 259 15,091 7,915 3,911 11 35,632

Wisconsin ........................................................... 25,146 1,438 1,409 − 2,847 14 − − 28,007

Wyoming ........................................................... 15,447 −− − − 1,748 11,521 − 28,715

Unknown State .................................................. −− − − −− − 1,612 1,612

Foreign ............................................................... 7,482 704 10,120 37,589 48,413 3 − − 55,898

* Data round to zero.

 Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

180 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Demand

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 181 
Domestic Markets

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 183 
184 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1

10

100

1,000

10,000

Million Short Tons (Logarithmic Units)

Total

Res/Com

Coke

Other Industrial

Electricity

Figure 9. U.S. Coal Consumption, 1990-1999

 Note: Total consumption does not include coal consumed by other power producers.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration,  Electric Utilities: Form EIA-759, “Monthly Power Plant Report.”

 Coke Plants: Form EIA-5, “Coke Plant Report % Quarterly.”  Other Industrial: Form EIA-3, “Quarterly Coal

Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants” and Form EIA-6, “Coal Distribution Report.”  Residential and

Commercial: Form EIA-6, “Coal Distribution Report.”
Table 66. Major U.S. Coal Consumers, 1999

 Rank Company Name Plant Locations

Electric Utilities

1 Tennessee Valley Authority (AL) (KY) (TN)

2 Texas Utilities Electric Company (TX)

3 Pacificorp (UT) (WA) (WY)

4 Georgia Power Company (GA)

5 Alabama Power Company (AL)

6 Detroit Edison Company (The) (MI)

7 Reliant Energy (TX)

8 Union Electric Company (MO)

9 Basin Electric Power (ND) (WY)

10 Duke Power Company (NC) (SC)

11 PSI Energy, Inc (IN)

12 Commonwealth Edison Company (IL)

13 Ohio Power Company (OH) (WV)

14 Appalachian Power Company (VA) (WV)

15 Virginia Electric & Power Company (VA) (WV)

16 Monongahela Power Company (WV)

17 Arkansas Power & Light Company (AR)

18 Northern States Power Company (MN) (WI)

19 Arizona Public Service Company (AZ) (NM)

20 Southwestern Electric Power Company (AR) (TX)

21 Midamerican Energy (IA)

22 Cincinnati Gas Electric Company (KY) (OH)

23 Carolina Power & Light Company (NC) (SC)

24 Pennsylvania Electric Company (PA)

25 Indiana Michigan Power Company (IN)

26 Wisconsin Electric Power Company (MI) (WI)

27 Salt River Project (AZ)

28 Public Service Company of Colorado (CO)

29 KPL - Western Resources (KS)

30 Kansas City Power & Light Company (KS) (MO)

31 Montana Power Company (MT)

32 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company (OK)

33 Associated Electric Coop (MO)

34 Southwestern Public Service Company (TX)

35 Consumers Power Company (MI)

36 Northern Indiana Public Service Company (IN)

37 Dayton Power & Light Company (The) (OH)

38 Kentucky Utilities Company (KY)

39 Indianapolis Power & Light Company (IN)

40 Wisconsin Power & Light Company (WI)

41 Pennsylvania Power & Light Company (PA)

42 Tampa Electric Company (FL)

43 Ohio Edison Company (OH)

44 Cooperative Power Association (ND)

45 Louisville Gas & Electric Company (KY)

46 Lower Colorado River Authority (TX)

47 Cajun Elec Power Coop Inc (LA)

48 Public Service Company of New Mexico (NM)

49 Central Illinois Public Service Company (IL)

50 Potomac Electric Power Company (MD) (VA)

51 South Carolina Public Service Authority (SC)

52 Scana Corporation (SC)

53 Pennsylvania Power Company (PA)

54 San Antonio Public Service Board (TX)

55 Illinois Power Company (IL)

56 Nebraska Public Power Dististribution (NE)

57 Florida Power Corporation (FL)

58 Baltimore Gas & Electric Company (MD)

59 Los Angeles (City of) (UT)

60 Mississippi Power Company (MS)

61 Electric Energy Inc (IL)

62 Central Louisiana Electric Company (LA)

63 I E S Utilities Company (IA)

64 Tri-State G & T Association Inc (CO)

65 West Penn Power Company (PA)

66 Omaha Public Power District (NE)

67 Minnkota Power Coop Inc (ND)

68 Southern California Edison Company (NV)

69 Indiana-Kentucky Electric Corporation (IN)

70 Columbus Southern Power Company (OH)

71 Cleveland Elec Illumination Company (OH)

72 Minnesota Power Inc (MN)

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 185 
Table 66. Major U.S. Coal Consumers, 1999 (Continued)

 Company Name Plant Location

Top Ten Manufacturers

Aluminum Company of America (IN) (OH) (TN) (TX)

Archer Daniels Midland (IA) (IL) (MN)

Champion International Corp (AL) (FL) (ME) (MI) (MN) (NC) (NY) (OH)

Dakota Gasification Co (ND)

E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co (DE) (MS) (NC) (SC) (TN) (VA) (WV)

Eastman Chemical Company (AR) (NY) (SC) (TN) (TX)

Hoechst AG (SC) (TX) (VA)

Holnam Inc (AL) (CO) (IA) (MI) (MO) (MS) (SC) (UT) (WA)

Inland Steel Industries Inc (IN)

Westvaco Corporation (MD) (PA) (SD) (VA)

Other Major Manufacturers

A E Staley Manufacturing Co (IL) (IN) (TN)

American Crystal Sugar Co (MN) (ND)

Applied Energy Services Inc (PA)

Ash Grove Cement Company (AR) (KS) (MT) (NE) (OR) (TX) (UT)

Blue Circle Inc (AL) (GA) (NY) (OK) (SC)

Cargill Incorporated (GA) (IA) (MI) (MN) (NC) (OH) (TN) (VA)

Consolidated Papers Inc (WI)

Dravo Corporation (AL) (KY)

Elkem A/S (OH) (WV)

Florida Crushed Stone (FL)

Fort James Corporation (GA) (OK) (WI)

FMC Corporation (NC) (WV) (WY)

General Chemical Corporation (WY)

General Motors Corporation (AL) (IL) (IN) (MI) (MO) (OH) (WI)

Georgia-Pacific Corp (AR) (GA) (MI) (VA)

International Paper Company (AL) (LA) (PA) (SC) (WI)

Jefferson Smurfit Corp (AL) (FL) (IL) (IN) (OH) (PA)

Kerr-McGee Corporation (CA)

Kimberly Clark Corporation (AL) (MI) (PA) (WI)

Lafarge Corporation (IA) (IL) (KS) (MI) (MO) (PA)

Lone Star Industries, Inc (FL) (IL) (IN) (MO) (OK) (TX)

Mead Corporation (MI) (OH) (TN)

Monsanto Company (AL) (IA) (ID) (IL) (MA) (WV)

P H Glatfelter Co (NC) (PA)

PPG Industries Inc (WV)

Societe Des Ciments Francais (IN) (MD) (PA)

Solvay Minerals, Inc. (OH) (TN) (WY)

Southdown Inc (CA) (CO) (FL) (OH) (TN)

Stone Container Corporation (AZ) (FL) (MI) (SC) (VA)

Union Camp Corporation (AL) (GA) (SC) (VA)

Top Ten Coke Producers

AK Steel Corp (KY) (OH)

Bethlehem Steel Corp (IN) (MD) (NY) (PA)

Citizens Gas & Coke Utility (IN)

Drummond Company Inc (AL)

Indiana Harbor Coke Co, LP (IN)

LTV Steel Company Inc (IL) (IN) (OH) (PA)

National Steel Corp. (IL) (MI)

Sun Coal Co (VA)

USX Corporation (IN) (PA)

Wheeling Pittsburgh Steel Corp (WV)

Note: Major electric utility coal consumers are companies that consumed more than 4.04 million short tons of coal in 1999. Major manufacturers are the top 40 coal consumers in the manufacturing sector. Major coke producers are the top 10 coal consumers in the coke plant

sector. Electric utilities are ranked by consumption and manufacturers and coke producers are listed in alphabetical order.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, • Electric Utilities: Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report.’’ • Manufacturers: Form EIA-3,

‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants.’’ • Coke Plants: Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

186 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 67. Coal Consumption by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 RR New England ......................................... 1,969 5,400 7,967 7,024 6,662 6,771 −63.5 −26.3 −12.8

Connecticut .......................................... 5 596 1,065 931 906 971 −99.1 −72.6 −44.2

Maine ................................................... 119 141 194 234 282 265 −15.5 −19.3 −8.5

Massachusetts ...................................... 497 3,189 4,891 4,477 4,113 4,337 −84.4 −41.0 −21.4

New Hampshire ................................... 1,344 1,469 1,705 1,377 1,355 1,186 −8.5 −.2 1.4

Rhode Island........................................ 2 2 3 3 3 5 −25.6 −12.2 −12.3 RR Vermont ............................................... 2 2 110 2 3 8 −4.0 −9.5 −14.9 RR Middle Atlantic ..................................... 55,346 69,310 73,325 70,965 68,462 73,812 −20.1 −5.2 −3.1

New Jersey........................................... 2,596 2,372 2,867 2,402 2,074 3,029 9.4 5.8 −1.7 RR New York ............................................ 7,336 12,435 11,784 11,337 11,062 13,465 −41.0 −9.8 −6.5 RR Pennsylvania ........................................ 45,414 54,504 58,673 57,226 55,326 57,319 −16.7 −4.8 −2.5 R RR East North Central............................... 229,361 234,060 233,883 229,034 217,702 209,619 −2.0 1.3 1.0 RR Illinois .................................................. 42,170 44,662 47,637 44,431 39,623 33,904 −5.6 1.6 2.4 RR Indiana .................................................. 66,157 66,300 66,051 64,021 62,631 61,701 −.2 1.4 .8 R RR Michigan .............................................. 38,273 38,024 35,887 36,727 35,802 34,713 .6 1.7 1.1 RR Ohio ...................................................... 57,500 60,356 58,821 59,835 56,580 59,205 −4.7 .4 −.3 RR Wisconsin ............................................. 25,260 24,718 25,487 24,019 23,066 20,097 2.2 2.3 2.6 R RR West North Central.............................. 145,086 144,652 138,303 137,081 131,028 116,268 .3 2.6 2.5 R RR Iowa ...................................................... 23,459 23,143 21,672 21,170 20,636 17,929 1.4 3.3 3.0

Kansas .................................................. 19,004 17,736 17,673 19,084 16,521 15,175 7.1 3.6 2.5 R RR Minnesota ............................................. 19,085 19,958 19,086 19,703 18,947 18,377 −4.4 .2 .4 RR Missouri ............................................... 37,977 38,549 36,860 34,382 31,753 25,836 −1.5 4.6 4.4 R Nebraska .............................................. 11,625 11,889 11,211 10,379 10,396 8,266 −2.2 2.8 3.9

North Dakota ....................................... 31,287 31,060 29,360 30,511 30,237 28,114 .7 .8 1.2

South Dakota ....................................... 2,650 2,316 2,442 1,852 2,537 2,571 14.4 1.1 .3 R RR South Atlantic ....................................... 173,353 173,488 170,655 165,546 155,259 149,455 −.1 2.8 1.7

Delaware .............................................. 1,393 1,773 1,866 1,956 2,011 2,293 −21.4 −8.8 −5.4

District of Columbia............................ 6 6 40 23 6 69 −2.6 1.3 −23.8

Florida .................................................. 27,287 28,827 28,719 28,443 26,526 25,233 −5.3 .7 .9 R Georgia ................................................. 33,494 32,721 32,693 31,158 31,288 30,067 2.4 1.7 1.2 R RR Maryland .............................................. 11,776 11,790 11,240 11,367 11,198 11,193 −.1 1.3 .6 R North Carolina ..................................... 28,410 28,917 29,556 27,624 24,084 21,150 −1.8 4.2 3.3 R South Carolina ..................................... 15,766 14,649 14,109 13,852 12,279 11,447 7.6 6.4 3.6 RR Virginia ................................................ 15,802 15,857 15,273 14,983 13,378 13,105 −.3 4.3 2.1 RR West Virginia....................................... 39,419 38,949 37,160 36,140 34,489 34,896 1.2 3.4 1.4 RR East South Central ............................... 108,418 107,809 112,977 110,450 105,830 91,126 .6 .6 1.9 RR Alabama ............................................... 38,099 36,328 36,607 37,052 34,309 27,640 4.9 2.6 3.6 RR Kentucky .............................................. 37,495 38,798 41,889 40,862 39,516 34,449 −3.3 −1.3 .9

Mississippi ........................................... 6,207 5,897 6,273 5,791 4,606 4,159 5.2 7.7 4.5 RR Tennessee ............................................. 26,617 26,786 28,208 26,744 27,399 24,878 −.6 −.7 .8 RR West South Central.............................. 150,482 147,133 150,374 146,472 139,106 131,478 2.3 2.0 1.5 R Arkansas ............................................... 15,299 14,563 14,068 14,815 13,540 12,092 5.0 3.1 2.6

Louisiana .............................................. 13,951 13,891 13,874 12,534 13,357 12,547 .4 1.1 1.2 RR Oklahoma ............................................. 19,075 19,582 21,128 20,125 19,596 15,423 −2.6 −.7 2.4 RR Texas .................................................... 102,157 99,098 101,304 98,998 92,612 91,415 3.1 2.5 1.2 R RR Mountain ................................................ 116,985 118,343 111,482 107,228 107,923 107,158 −1.1 2.0 1.0

Arizona ................................................. 19,711 19,014 18,205 16,792 16,682 16,419 3.7 4.3 2.0 RR Colorado ............................................... 18,235 18,072 17,908 17,222 16,971 16,710 .9 1.8 1.0

Idaho .................................................... 431 479 361 397 465 549 −10.0 −1.9 −2.7 RR Montana ............................................... 10,369 10,776 9,474 8,032 10,005 9,676 −3.8 .9 .8 RR Nevada ................................................. 8,067 8,216 7,447 7,604 7,340 7,442 −1.8 2.4 .9

New Mexico ........................................ 16,303 15,963 15,887 15,297 15,221 15,111 2.1 1.7 .8 RR Utah ...................................................... 16,191 17,052 16,105 15,237 15,307 15,738 −5.0 1.4 .3 RR Wyoming .............................................. 27,679 28,772 26,096 26,647 25,933 25,514 −3.8 1.6 .9 RR Pacific ..................................................... 10,847 11,155 9,576 10,282 8,908 9,792 −2.8 5.0 1.1

Alaska .................................................. 694 693 739 706 815 784 .1 −3.9 −1.3 RR California ............................................. 2,064 2,001 2,805 2,591 2,618 2,899 3.2 −5.8 −3.7 R Hawaii .................................................. 117 146 166 169 192 28 −19.7 −11.6 17.3

Oregon .................................................. 2,154 2,074 917 1,134 1,125 934 3.8 17.6 9.7

Washington .......................................... 5,818 6,241 4,948 5,682 4,158 5,147 −6.8 8.8 1.4

R Other Power Producers.................... 52,693 26,941 21,603 22,224 21,158 7,413 95.6 25.6 24.3

 R RR U.S. Total............................................... 1,044,538 1,038,292 1,030,145 1,006,306 962,038 902,893 0.6 2.1 1.6

R Revised Data.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-867, ‘‘Annual Non-utility Power Producer

Report’’for 1997 and prior years; and for 1998 forward, Form EIA-860B, ‘‘Annual Electric Generation Report - Non-utility.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 187 
188 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1

10

100

1,000

Million Short Tons (Logarithmic Units)

Total

Other Industrial & Coke

Electricity

Figure 10. U.S. Consumer Coal Stocks, 1990-1999

 Notes: Each increment represents end-of-year data. Industrial stocks reflect manufacturing

plants and coke plants.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration,  Electric Utilities: Form EIA-759, “Monthly

Power Plant Report.”  Industrial: Form EIA-5, “Coke Plant Report - Quarterly” and Form EIA3, “Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants.”
Table 68. Year-End Consumer Coal Stocks by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ 340 665 816 1,297 969 1,145 −48.8 −23.0 −12.6

Connecticut.................................................... − 134 66 173 164 140 −− −

Maine............................................................. w 78 51 51 47 30 w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w 175 400 713 438 599 w w w

New Hampshire............................................. w 278 298 359 319 348 w w w

Rhode Island.................................................. − − − − − 28 −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 5,343 11,231 10,376 10,895 12,404 18,776 −52.4 −19.0 −13.0

New Jersey .................................................... w 664 567 825 805 756 w w w

New York...................................................... w 1,511 1,151 1,213 1,296 2,594 w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w 9,057 8,658 8,857 10,303 15,426 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. 35,769 36,808 30,794 30,815 33,818 45,411 −2.8 1.4 −2.6

Illinois............................................................ w 7,225 5,353 5,159 5,956 8,287 w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w 8,989 6,643 7,955 9,298 12,226 w w w

Michigan ........................................................ w 9,450 8,047 7,814 8,972 10,414 w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w 6,175 6,324 5,428 5,936 10,471 w w w

Wisconsin ...................................................... w 4,969 4,427 4,459 3,656 4,012 w w w

West North Central Total............................. 22,336 19,029 14,833 18,327 18,713 20,480 17.4 4.5 1.0

Iowa ............................................................... w 4,261 2,944 4,612 4,447 4,920 w w w

Kansas............................................................ w 3,187 2,298 2,984 3,860 3,742 w w w

Minnesota ...................................................... w 2,394 1,994 1,738 1,985 2,336 w w w

Missouri......................................................... w 5,159 3,851 5,317 4,779 4,611 w w w

Nebraska........................................................ w 2,109 1,622 1,728 1,440 1,625 w w w

North Dakota................................................. w 1,689 1,879 1,787 1,991 2,939 w w w

South Dakota................................................. w 230 244 160 211 307 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 23,691 21,834 17,009 19,577 19,707 29,422 8.5 4.7 −2.4

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ w 4,649 3,508 3,438 3,268 4,972 w w w

Georgia .......................................................... w 3,566 2,407 3,848 3,786 5,704 w w w

Maryland........................................................ w 1,178 1,204 1,377 1,062 2,263 w w w

North Carolina............................................... w 3,751 2,024 2,671 2,855 4,659 w w w

South Carolina............................................... w 2,743 2,021 2,177 2,194 2,316 w w w

Virginia.......................................................... w 1,490 1,301 1,143 1,275 1,947 w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w 3,988 4,222 4,590 4,903 7,144 w w w

East South Central Total .............................. 12,975 11,650 10,087 9,306 10,940 16,846 11.4 4.3 −2.8

Alabama......................................................... w 3,577 2,971 2,858 3,648 4,372 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w 4,891 4,663 4,322 4,674 7,840 w w w

Mississippi..................................................... w 835 627 626 734 803 w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... w 2,347 1,826 1,500 1,884 3,830 w w w

West South Central Total ............................. 21,967 14,750 11,344 19,886 20,564 16,579 48.9 1.7 3.2

Arkansas ........................................................ w 1,124 954 2,719 2,820 1,735 w w w

Louisiana ....................................................... w 2,181 1,258 2,480 2,669 2,503 w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w 3,438 2,592 4,210 4,246 2,721 w w w

Texas .............................................................. w 8,007 6,540 10,477 10,829 9,619 w w w

Mountain Total............................................... 12,209 10,803 9,978 11,602 14,937 17,321 13.0 −4.9 −3.8

Arizona .......................................................... w 1,925 1,414 2,024 3,032 3,129 w w w

Colorado ........................................................ w 2,862 2,476 3,054 3,682 3,334 w w w

Idaho.............................................................. w 126 105 77 118 140 w w w

Montana......................................................... w 343 419 520 520 820 w w w

Nevada........................................................... w 888 817 1,244 1,361 1,233 w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w 793 797 817 969 1,539 w w w

Utah ............................................................... w 2,546 2,395 1,597 2,319 3,833 w w w

Wyoming ....................................................... w 1,320 1,555 2,267 2,936 3,293 w w w

Pacific Total.................................................... 1,375 1,301 1,163 1,274 2,586 2,231 5.6 −14.6 −5.2

Alaska............................................................ w − * 1 1 2 w w w

California....................................................... w 188 118 150 133 122 w w w

Hawaii............................................................ w 42 67 45 51 24 w w w

Oregon ........................................................... w 196 96 221 432 704 w w w

Washington.................................................... w 875 882 857 1,969 1,378 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ 136,005 128,072 106,401 122,979 134,639 168,210 6.2 .3 −2.3

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Stocks for the residential and commercial sector and the non-utility sector are not included. Totals may not equal sum of components due to

independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; and Form

EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 189 
Table 69. Coal Consumption at Electric Utility Plants by Census Division and State,

1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ 1,768 5,183 7,583 6,701 6,272 6,305 −65.9 −27.1 −13.2

Connecticut.................................................... − 590 1,058 925 881 958 −− −

Massachusetts................................................ 427 3,128 4,826 4,406 4,044 4,201 −86.4 −43.0 −22.4

New Hampshire............................................. 1,341 1,465 1,699 1,369 1,346 1,146 −8.5 −.1 1.8

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 41,554 54,738 54,179 51,718 49,357 54,197 −24.1 −4.2 −2.9

New Jersey .................................................... 2,583 2,357 2,851 2,387 2,054 2,740 9.6 5.9 −.6

New York...................................................... 4,412 9,410 8,726 8,254 8,051 9,993 −53.1 −13.9 −8.7

Pennsylvania.................................................. 34,558 42,971 42,603 41,076 39,252 41,465 −19.6 −3.1 −2.0

East North Central Total.............................. 200,289 204,721 204,251 198,900 187,490 171,756 −2.2 1.7 1.7

Illinois............................................................ 35,996 38,255 41,017 38,090 33,463 27,396 −5.9 1.8 3.1

Indiana ........................................................... 55,105 55,086 54,845 52,855 52,089 47,654 * 1.4 1.6

Michigan........................................................ 33,615 34,021 31,928 32,175 31,165 29,726 −1.2 1.9 1.4

Ohio ............................................................... 52,123 54,455 52,893 53,543 49,785 48,848 −4.3 1.1 .7

Wisconsin ...................................................... 23,450 22,903 23,568 22,236 20,987 18,133 2.4 2.8 2.9

West North Central Total............................. 130,540 130,374 123,968 122,419 116,720 103,445 .1 2.8 2.6

Iowa ............................................................... 20,071 20,031 18,195 17,864 17,785 15,331 .2 3.1 3.0

Kansas............................................................ 18,888 17,627 17,534 18,853 16,345 15,018 7.1 3.7 2.6

Minnesota ...................................................... 17,114 17,902 17,490 17,459 17,282 16,916 −4.4 −.2 .1

Missouri......................................................... 36,546 37,165 35,193 33,059 30,440 24,231 −1.7 4.7 4.7

Nebraska........................................................ 11,219 11,505 10,796 10,091 10,048 8,027 −2.5 2.8 3.8

North Dakota................................................. 24,542 24,278 22,754 23,640 22,680 21,579 1.1 2.0 1.4

South Dakota................................................. 2,159 1,866 2,005 1,453 2,137 2,345 15.7 .3 −.9

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 158,464 157,764 155,499 149,354 138,134 128,072 .4 3.5 2.4

Delaware........................................................ 1,244 1,592 1,686 1,787 1,816 2,056 −21.9 −9.0 −5.4

Florida............................................................ 26,090 27,542 27,372 27,172 25,200 24,022 −5.3 .9 .9

Georgia .......................................................... 31,506 30,731 30,631 29,171 29,280 27,812 2.5 1.8 1.4

Maryland........................................................ 10,931 10,968 10,417 10,540 10,141 8,945 −.3 1.9 2.3

North Carolina............................................... 26,507 26,834 27,206 25,083 21,424 18,005 −1.2 5.5 4.4

South Carolina............................................... 13,666 12,664 12,096 11,833 10,074 9,131 7.9 7.9 4.6

Virginia.......................................................... 12,427 12,300 11,605 10,994 9,543 8,228 1.0 6.8 4.7

West Virginia ................................................ 36,092 35,132 34,487 32,775 30,657 29,873 2.7 4.2 2.1

East South Central Total .............................. 97,377 96,320 99,620 96,809 92,262 77,579 1.1 1.3 2.5

Alabama......................................................... 33,428 31,474 30,840 31,216 28,759 22,010 6.2 3.8 4.8

Kentucky........................................................ 34,711 35,842 38,281 37,072 35,707 30,867 −3.1 −.7 1.3

Mississippi..................................................... 6,022 5,684 6,035 5,558 4,319 3,888 5.9 8.7 5.0

Tennessee ...................................................... 23,216 23,320 24,464 22,964 23,477 20,814 −.4 −.3 1.2

West South Central Total ............................. 144,986 141,671 144,218 140,493 132,633 125,698 2.3 2.3 1.6

Arkansas ........................................................ 14,974 14,277 13,772 14,467 13,216 11,836 4.9 3.2 2.6

Louisiana ....................................................... 13,914 13,850 13,807 12,450 12,930 11,748 .5 1.8 1.9

Oklahoma ...................................................... 18,353 18,883 20,101 19,386 18,130 14,866 −2.8 .3 2.4

Texas.............................................................. 97,746 94,661 96,537 94,189 88,358 87,248 3.3 2.5 1.3

Mountain Total............................................... 111,143 111,787 105,216 101,507 101,013 100,505 −.6 2.4 1.1

Arizona .......................................................... 19,025 18,316 17,503 16,117 16,021 15,758 3.9 4.4 2.1

Colorado ........................................................ 17,704 17,663 17,116 16,841 16,222 15,924 .2 2.2 1.2

Montana......................................................... 10,198 10,627 9,286 7,897 9,373 9,399 −4.0 2.1 .9

Nevada........................................................... 7,763 7,961 7,261 7,424 7,084 7,270 −2.5 2.3 .7

New Mexico.................................................. 16,224 15,883 15,802 15,215 15,137 15,065 2.1 1.7 .8

Utah ............................................................... 14,590 14,664 14,252 13,584 13,325 13,563 −.5 2.3 .8

Wyoming ....................................................... 25,639 26,674 23,997 24,430 23,850 23,526 −3.9 1.8 1.0

Pacific Total.................................................... 8,000 8,309 5,827 6,780 5,127 5,992 −3.7 11.8 3.3

Alaska............................................................ 140 162 235 229 293 290 −13.6 −16.8 −7.8

Oregon ........................................................... 2,154 2,037 821 1,044 977 850 5.7 21.8 10.9

Washington.................................................... 5,707 6,111 4,770 5,507 3,857 4,852 −6.6 10.3 1.8

U.S. Total ........................................................ 894,120 910,867 900,361 874,681 829,007 773,549 −1.8 1.9 1.6

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report.’’

190 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 70. Year-End Coal Stocks at Electric Utility Plants by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w 575 754 1,236 908 1,113 −51.1 −25.4 −14.2

Connecticut.................................................... − 134 66 173 164 140 −− −

Massachusetts................................................ w 163 389 704 425 597 −62.4 −38.4 −22.4

New Hampshire............................................. w 278 298 359 319 348 −20.9 −8.9 −5.0

Rhode Island.................................................. − − − − − 28 −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 4,307 10,232 9,175 9,606 11,064 17,148 −57.9 −21.0 −14.2

New Jersey .................................................... w 663 566 824 804 740 6.7 −3.1 −.5

New York...................................................... w 1,128 819 905 1,015 2,045 −75.5 −27.8 −19.9

Pennsylvania .................................................. w 8,441 7,790 7,878 9,244 14,363 −60.6 −22.6 −15.0

East North Central Total.............................. 33,073 34,128 28,051 27,618 30,505 40,740 −3.1 2.0 −2.3

Illinois............................................................ w 6,572 4,828 4,578 5,331 7,398 −57.0 −14.7 −10.1

Indiana ........................................................... w 8,198 5,822 7,103 8,435 10,610 26.5 5.3 −.3

Michigan........................................................ w 8,776 7,222 6,530 7,708 9,093 1.2 3.6 −.3

Ohio ............................................................... w 5,902 6,066 5,229 5,661 9,956 −7.1 −.8 −6.4

Wisconsin ...................................................... w 4,679 4,113 4,178 3,371 3,683 17.9 13.1 4.6

West North Central Total............................. 21,199 17,961 13,707 17,107 17,732 19,324 18.0 4.6 1.0

Iowa ............................................................... w 3,788 2,447 4,042 3,923 4,206 14.6 2.5 .3

Kansas............................................................ w 3,168 2,282 2,968 3,850 3,729 18.7 −.6 .1

Minnesota ...................................................... w 2,093 1,737 1,461 1,898 2,253 −16.6 −2.1 −2.8

Missouri......................................................... w 5,032 3,670 5,159 4,641 4,434 32.8 9.5 4.7

Nebraska........................................................ w 2,096 1,596 1,691 1,409 1,589 34.2 18.9 6.5

North Dakota................................................. w 1,580 1,755 1,642 1,858 2,828 3.3 −3.2 −5.9

South Dakota................................................. w 204 219 143 153 286 10.0 10.0 −2.7

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 22,924 20,938 16,141 18,662 18,851 27,799 9.5 5.0 −2.1

Delaware........................................................ w 470 319 322 363 406 11.0 9.5 2.8

Florida............................................................ w 4,565 3,441 3,349 3,204 4,822 −5.0 7.8 −1.2

Georgia .......................................................... w 3,424 2,279 3,727 3,657 5,473 27.7 4.6 −2.5

Maryland........................................................ w 1,157 1,188 1,346 1,038 2,114 23.0 8.2 −4.3

North Carolina............................................... w 3,622 1,912 2,559 2,715 4,419 5.3 8.9 −1.6

South Carolina............................................... w 2,539 1,809 1,979 2,033 2,052 −21.3 −.4 −.3

Virginia.......................................................... w 1,370 1,152 1,010 1,098 1,639 15.1 9.5 −.4

West Virginia ................................................ w 3,791 4,042 4,370 4,744 6,874 28.7 .7 −3.7

East South Central Total .............................. 12,154 10,808 9,329 8,514 10,148 15,876 12.4 4.6 −2.9

Alabama......................................................... w 3,195 2,609 2,526 3,282 3,869 8.9 1.5 −1.2

Kentucky........................................................ w 4,668 4,475 4,119 4,472 7,612 7.5 2.9 −4.5

Mississippi..................................................... w 820 614 602 724 799 56.4 15.4 5.4

Tennessee ...................................................... w 2,124 1,630 1,266 1,670 3,596 11.6 9.2 −4.5

West South Central Total ............................. 21,626 14,396 11,050 19,525 20,195 15,344 50.2 1.7 3.9

Arkansas ........................................................ w 1,107 934 2,701 2,790 1,722 41.7 −13.4 −1.0

Louisiana ....................................................... w 2,157 1,248 2,470 2,659 2,458 2.0 −4.6 −1.2

Oklahoma ...................................................... w 3,349 2,516 4,067 4,118 2,633 76.6 9.5 9.4

Texas .............................................................. w 7,784 6,352 10,287 10,628 8,531 53.4 3.0 3.8

Mountain Total............................................... 11,797 10,404 9,667 11,304 14,562 16,828 13.4 −5.1 −3.9

Arizona .......................................................... w 1,855 1,386 1,992 2,998 3,090 33.8 −4.6 −2.4

Colorado ........................................................ w 2,840 2,458 3,027 3,622 3,298 30.6 .6 1.3

Montana......................................................... w 335 410 508 511 767 −96.6 −61.4 −37.4

Nevada........................................................... w 881 812 1,239 1,356 1,222 34.4 −3.3 −.3

New Mexico.................................................. w 789 795 815 967 1,538 6.8 −3.4 −6.5

Utah ............................................................... w 2,461 2,309 1,526 2,250 3,697 −14.5 −1.7 −6.1

Wyoming ....................................................... w 1,243 1,498 2,197 2,857 3,215 17.7 −15.4 −8.4

Pacific Total.................................................... w 1,060 952 1,052 2,341 1,993 6.8 −16.6 −6.1

Alaska............................................................ w − * 1 1 2 − −−11.0

Oregon ........................................................... w 196 83 203 399 675 96.6 −.8 −6.0

Washington.................................................... w 864 868 848 1,941 1,316 −13.6 −21.2 −6.1

U.S. Total ........................................................ 128,494 120,501 98,826 114,623 126,304 156,166 6.6 .4 −2.1

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 191 
Table 71. Coal Consumption at Other Industrial Plants by Census Division and

State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

R New England Total ........................................ w w 333 268 321 325 w w w

Connecticut.................................................... − − − − w w −− −

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

New Hampshire............................................. − − − − w w −− −

Rhode Island.................................................. − − − − − w −− −

Vermont ......................................................... − − 107 − − w −− − R Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 5,118 5,179 w w w w w w w

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w R New York...................................................... w w 1,484 1,449 1,408 1,844 w w w RR Pennsylvania.................................................. 3,587 3,584 4,492 4,466 4,027 4,090 0.1 −2.8 −1.4 R RR East North Central Total.............................. 14,750 15,745 16,896 17,146 16,566 18,886 −6.3 −2.9 −2.7 RR Illinois............................................................ 3,635 3,846 3,880 3,740 3,653 3,888 −5.5 −.1 −.7 RR Indiana ........................................................... 4,145 4,399 5,096 4,987 4,373 4,629 −5.8 −1.3 −1.2 R RR Michigan........................................................ 1,945 2,129 2,413 2,948 2,983 3,656 −8.6 −10.1 −6.8 RR Ohio ............................................................... 3,371 3,684 3,751 3,794 3,609 4,753 −8.5 −1.7 −3.7 RR Wisconsin ...................................................... 1,653 1,687 1,757 1,678 1,949 1,960 −2.0 −4.0 −1.9 R RR West North Central Total............................. 13,780 13,673 13,329 13,853 13,581 11,972 .8 .4 1.6 RR Iowa ............................................................... 2,999 2,832 3,103 3,085 2,761 2,353 5.9 2.1 2.7

Kansas............................................................ 108 109 137 154 138 157 −.9 −5.8 −4.0 RR Minnesota ...................................................... 1,956 2,014 1,490 2,088 1,401 1,283 −2.9 8.7 4.8 RR Missouri......................................................... 1,205 1,218 1,401 1,118 1,102 1,321 −1.1 2.2 −1.0

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. 490 450 436 398 393 222 8.8 5.7 9.2

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ 1,190 1,279 1,347 1,270 1,325 1,207 −6.9 −2.6 −.1 R Georgia .......................................................... 1,971 1,978 2,046 1,985 1,949 2,232 −.4 .3 −1.4 RR Maryland........................................................ 799 769 768 785 760 945 3.9 1.2 −1.8 R North Carolina............................................... 1,753 1,883 2,158 2,336 2,437 2,989 −6.9 −7.9 −5.8 R South Carolina............................................... 1,863 1,962 2,012 2,000 2,188 2,310 −5.0 −3.9 −2.4 RR Virginia.......................................................... 2,230 2,368 2,500 2,613 2,585 3,756 −5.8 −3.6 −5.6 RR West Virginia ................................................ 1,600 1,913 1,690 1,630 1,984 2,918 −16.3 −5.2 −6.4

East South Central Total .............................. w w w w w ww w w RR Alabama......................................................... 2,340 2,442 2,738 2,545 2,286 2,237 −4.2 .6 .5 R RR Kentucky........................................................ 1,108 1,392 1,912 2,321 2,250 2,253 −20.4 −16.2 −7.6

Mississippi..................................................... w w w w w w w w w RR Tennessee ...................................................... 3,303 3,441 3,613 3,670 3,777 3,779 −4.0 −3.3 −1.5 RR West South Central Total ............................. 5,485 5,448 5,865 5,978 6,456 5,769 .7 −4.0 −.5 R Arkansas ........................................................ 325 287 296 348 325 256 13.3 * 2.7

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w RR Texas.............................................................. 4,403 4,422 4,766 4,808 4,255 4,157 −.4 .8 .6

Mountain Total R R ............................................... w w 4,795 4,142 5,615 4,841 w w w

Arizona .......................................................... 685 698 702 675 657 660 −1.8 1.1 .4 R RR Colorado ........................................................ 429 391 728 368 729 729 9.6 −12.4 −5.7

Idaho.............................................................. w w 330 369 426 489 −10.8 w w

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w RR Utah ............................................................... 745 1,304 709 512 915 676 −42.8 −5.0 1.1 R Wyoming ....................................................... 1,936 1,939 1,959 1,835 1,937 1,857 −.2 * .5 R RR Pacific Total.................................................... 2,250 2,186 3,116 2,827 3,047 3,214 2.9 −7.3 −3.9

Alaska ............................................................ w w w w − − w − − R RR California....................................................... 2,036 1,885 2,697 2,414 2,485 2,874 8.0 −4.8 −3.8

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... − w w w w w −− −

Washington.................................................... w w 156 152 223 229 w w w

 R RR U.S. Total ........................................................ 64,738 67,439 71,515 71,689 73,055 76,330 −4.0 −3.0 −1.8

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Regional totals for 1990 may not sum to the U.S. total due to distribution of coal to unknown State.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; and Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

192 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 72. Year-End Coal Stocks at Other Industrial Plants by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w w 62 60 60 32 w w w

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 477 416 w w w w w w w

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New York...................................................... w w 255 192 203 365 w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. 230 163 220 231 218 330 40.8 1.3 −3.9

East North Central Total.............................. 1,741 1,730 1,926 1,862 2,031 2,955 .7 −3.8 −5.7

Illinois............................................................ 312 290 237 252 333 508 7.8 −1.6 −5.3

Indiana ........................................................... 290 306 379 384 451 856 −5.2 −10.4 −11.3

Michigan........................................................ 716 674 825 827 822 1,046 6.3 −3.4 −4.1

Ohio ............................................................... 110 171 170 118 138 216 −35.8 −5.7 −7.3

Wisconsin ...................................................... 313 290 314 281 286 330 8.2 2.3 −.6

West North Central Total............................. 1,137 1,069 1,126 1,220 981 1,156 6.3 3.7 −.2

Iowa ............................................................... 522 473 497 570 524 714 10.5 −.1 −3.4

Kansas............................................................ 22 19 16 16 10 13 18.2 23.3 6.2

Minnesota ...................................................... 243 301 257 277 87 84 −19.1 29.3 12.6

Missouri......................................................... 126 127 182 158 138 177 −1.3 −2.3 −3.8

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. 33 27 24 17 58 21 23.7 −12.9 5.3

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ 90 84 67 89 64 151 6.6 9.0 −5.6

Georgia .......................................................... 127 142 128 121 129 231 −10.5 −.4 −6.4

Maryland........................................................ 23 21 16 30 24 35 7.1 −1.2 −4.6

North Carolina............................................... 96 128 112 112 140 240 −25.1 −9.0 −9.7

South Carolina............................................... 159 203 212 198 160 263 −22.0 −.2 −5.5

Virginia.......................................................... 120 120 149 133 177 308 * −9.3 −9.9

West Virginia ................................................ 116 125 116 136 105 192 −7.4 2.5 −5.5

East South Central Total .............................. w w w w w ww w w

Alabama......................................................... 162 188 174 135 133 183 −14.0 4.9 −1.4

Kentucky........................................................ 83 76 86 83 120 142 9.8 −8.6 −5.7

Mississippi..................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... 265 223 196 234 215 233 19.1 5.4 1.4

West South Central Total ............................. 341 354 294 361 370 1,214 −3.7 −2.0 −13.2

Arkansas ........................................................ 29 17 20 18 29 13 68.7 −.1 9.3

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Texas.............................................................. 192 223 188 190 201 1,067 −13.7 −1.2 −17.3

Mountain Total............................................... w w 228 231 313 417 w w w

Arizona .......................................................... 49 70 28 32 34 39 −29.5 9.3 2.7

Colorado ........................................................ 19 23 18 27 59 36 −15.7 −24.8 −7.0

Idaho.............................................................. w w 105 77 118 140 26.5 w w

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... 5 5 3 5 7 60 .4 −6.6 −23.9

Wyoming ....................................................... 69 77 57 71 79 78 −10.2 −3.4 −1.3

Pacific Total.................................................... 242 241 212 222 245 237 .4 −.3 .2

California....................................................... 192 188 118 150 133 122 2.2 9.6 5.2

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... − w w w w w −− −

Washington.................................................... w w 14 8 28 62 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ 5,569 5,545 5,597 5,688 5,702 8,716 .4 −.6 −4.8

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Other industrial plants include manufacturing plants only. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 193 
Table 73. Coal Carbonized at Coke Plants by Census Division and State,

1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 7,799 8,401 w w w w −7.2 w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w w 10,334 10,689 10,858 10,456 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. 13,404 12,322 11,366 11,414 12,345 17,233 8.8 2.1 −2.8

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w w 5,715 5,823 5,883 8,867 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w w 1,848 1,842 2,777 4,949 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Maryland........................................................ − − − − − w −− −

Virginia.......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. 3,584 3,736 w w w w −4.1 w w

Alabama......................................................... w w 2,956 3,247 3,257 3,288 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ 28,108 28,189 30,203 31,706 33,011 38,877 −.3 −3.9 −3.5

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

Table 74. Year-End Coal Stocks at Coke Plants by Census Division and State,

1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 559 584 w w w w −4.3 w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w w 648 748 841 733 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. 954 951 817 1,335 1,282 1,716 .3 −7.1 −6.3

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w w 442 469 412 761 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w w 87 81 136 299 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Maryland........................................................ − − − − − w −− −

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. 302 341 w w w w −11.4 w w

Alabama......................................................... w w 188 197 233 320 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... − − − − − w −− −

West South Central Total ............................. −−−−− 21 −− −

Texas.............................................................. − − − − − 21 −− −

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ 1,943 2,026 1,978 2,667 2,632 3,329 −4.1 −7.3 −5.8

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

194 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 75. Coal Consumption by Residential and Commercial Sector, by Census

Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w w 51 55 69 142 w w w

Connecticut.................................................... 5 6 w w w w −19.8 w w

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

New Hampshire............................................. w w w w w w w w w

Rhode Island.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Vermont......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 875 993 1,504 1,285 1,416 1,594 −11.9 −11.3 −6.4

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. 690 841 1,244 995 1,188 1,308 −17.9 −12.7 −6.8

East North Central Total.............................. 918 1,272 1,370 1,574 1,301 1,743 −27.8 −8.3 −6.9

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... 343 371 395 356 287 551 −7.5 4.6 −5.1

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... 217 391 329 656 409 654 −44.4 −14.6 −11.5

Wisconsin ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West North Central Total............................. w w w w w ww w w

Iowa ............................................................... 389 279 374 222 90 245 39.4 44.3 5.3

Kansas ............................................................ 7 * 2 78 38 * NM −35.1 38.1

Minnesota ...................................................... 15 42 105 156 264 179 −65.1 −51.5 −24.3

Missouri......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 755 640 598 803 954 744 18.0 −5.7 .2

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

District of Columbia ..................................... 6 6 40 23 6 69 −2.6 1.3 −23.8

Florida............................................................ 6 6 − 1 1 5 15.3 49.3 3.7

Georgia .......................................................... 17 11 17 3 59 22 51.3 −27.4 −3.3

Maryland........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Carolina............................................... 150 200 192 206 224 156 −25.1 −9.5 −.4

South Carolina............................................... 237 23 1 19 17 6 NM 93.6 49.3

Virginia.......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. 522 266 557 272 283 473 96.4 16.5 1.1

Alabama ......................................................... 23 9 73 44 7 105 144.0 33.8 −15.5

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Mississippi ..................................................... − w w − − w −− −

Tennessee ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West South Central Total ............................. 11 15 291 1 17 11 −28.5 −10.3 *

Arkansas ........................................................ * * * − − * 83.3 − −15.6

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w − w − w w −

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Texas .............................................................. 8 14 * − − 10 −41.4 − −2.4

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Arizona .......................................................... * * * * 5 * −83.5 −67.5 −9.0

Colorado ........................................................ 102 18 65 13 20 58 481.0 51.0 6.5

Idaho.............................................................. 55 58 30 28 39 61 −4.5 9.1 −1.1

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Wyoming ....................................................... 104 159 140 382 146 130 −34.6 −8.0 −2.4

Pacific Total.................................................... 597 659 634 675 734 586 −9.5 −5.0 .2

Alaska............................................................ 553 530 503 474 523 494 4.3 1.4 1.3

California....................................................... 28 115 109 177 133 25 −76.1 −32.5 1.0

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Washington.................................................... 17 14 22 23 78 66 21.3 −32.0 −14.2

U.S. Total ........................................................ 4,879 4,856 6,463 6,006 5,807 6,724 .5 −4.3 −3.5

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Regional totals for 1990 may not sum to the U.S. total due to distribution of coal to unknown State.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 195 
Foreign Markets

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 197 
198 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Million Short Tons

Total

Europe

Japan

Canada

Figure 11. U.S. Coal Exports, 1990-1999

 Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report EM-545.”
Table 76. U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... 21,244 22,316 16,947 13,609 10,411 15,859 −4.8 19.5 3.3

Canada1 ......................................................... 19,826 20,654 14,975 12,029 9,427 15,511 −4.0 20.4 2.8

Mexico........................................................... 1,411 1,543 1,899 1,509 871 210 −8.6 12.8 23.5

Other2............................................................ 7 119 73 72 113 137 −93.8 −49.3 −27.7

South America Total...................................... 4,521 7,034 8,214 7,505 6,968 6,902 −35.7 −10.3 −4.6

Brazil ............................................................. 4,442 6,475 7,455 6,540 6,351 5,847 −31.4 −8.5 −3.0

Other2............................................................ 78 559 760 965 618 1,055 −86.0 −40.3 −25.1

Europe Total................................................... 22,508 33,773 41,331 47,193 48,620 58,382 −33.3 −17.5 −10.0

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 2,073 3,195 4,319 4,569 4,501 8,500 −35.1 −17.6 −14.5

Bulgaria ......................................................... 522 989 1,114 1,387 1,339 88 −47.2 −21.0 21.9

Finland........................................................... 233 463 662 704 1,308 95 −49.6 −35.0 10.4

France ............................................................ 2,522 3,192 3,398 3,852 3,659 6,879 −21.0 −8.9 −10.5

Germany, FR................................................. 573 1,247 870 1,055 1,953 1,057 −54.0 −26.4 −6.6

Iceland ........................................................... 51 39 54 62 39 47 31.3 6.9 1.0

Ireland ............................................................ 868 1,150 637 765 914 1,458 −24.5 −1.3 −5.6

Italy................................................................ 4,014 5,317 7,019 9,204 9,063 11,947 −24.5 −18.4 −11.4

Netherlands.................................................... 3,432 4,516 4,825 7,058 7,301 8,369 −24.0 −17.2 −9.4

Norway .......................................................... 86 93 96 85 120 177 −7.4 −7.9 −7.7

Portugal.......................................................... 745 746 1,470 1,803 1,752 1,786 −.1 −19.3 −9.3

Romania......................................................... 322 1,097 2,244 1,512 1,984 1,718 −70.7 −36.5 −17.0

Spain.............................................................. 2,472 3,156 4,134 4,093 4,653 3,791 −21.7 −14.6 −4.6

Sweden .......................................................... 638 757 834 1,070 1,117 866 −15.6 −13.1 −3.3

Turkey............................................................ 795 1,592 2,092 2,167 2,011 2,117 −50.1 −20.7 −10.3

United Kingdom............................................ 3,162 5,947 7,185 6,196 4,726 5,177 −46.8 −9.5 −5.3

Other2............................................................ 1 277 379 1,612 2,179 4,310 −99.6 −85.1 −60.2

Asia Total........................................................ 9,157 12,311 14,498 17,980 19,095 22,725 −25.6 −16.8 −9.6

China (Taiwan).............................................. 1,215 1,519 2,241 2,441 2,533 4,604 −20.0 −16.8 −13.8

Israel .............................................................. 603 527 593 1,202 760 639 14.3 −5.6 −.6

Japan.............................................................. 4,953 7,734 7,974 10,529 11,787 13,338 −35.9 −19.5 −10.4

Korea, Republic of........................................ 2,365 2,453 3,489 3,773 4,012 3,999 −3.6 −12.4 −5.7

Other2 ............................................................ 21 78 201 36 2 145 −72.9 73.7 −19.3

Oceania & Australia Total............................ *511*3 −98.3 −22.0 −32.1

Other2 ............................................................ * 5 1 1 * 3 −98.3 −22.0 −32.1

Africa Total..................................................... 1,046 2,609 2,554 4,184 3,453 1,933 −59.9 −25.8 −6.6

Algeria ........................................................... 317 343 264 177 220 479 −7.6 9.6 −4.5

Egypt .............................................................. 260 891 1,130 1,038 1,235 646 −70.8 −32.3 −9.6

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 469 1,299 987 1,320 786 55 −63.9 −12.1 26.8

Other2 ............................................................ * 76 173 1,650 1,212 752 −99.9 −91.1 −64.0

Total................................................................. 58,476 78,048 83,545 90,473 88,547 105,804 −25.1 −9.8 −6.4

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 199 
Table 77. U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... 4,277 4,947 5,355 6,500 4,776 4,399 −13.5 −2.7 −0.3

Canada1 ......................................................... 4,277 4,927 4,891 6,030 4,452 4,396 −13.2 −1.0 −.3

Mexico ........................................................... 1 20 463 470 324 3 −96.9 −79.1 −15.9

Other2 ............................................................ * −−−− * − −−16.8

South America Total...................................... 4,424 6,822 7,641 6,814 6,778 6,468 −35.1 −10.1 −4.1

Brazil ............................................................. 4,418 6,458 7,364 6,445 6,336 5,753 −31.6 −8.6 −2.9

Other2............................................................ 6 363 277 368 442 715 −98.4 −65.9 −41.3

Europe Total................................................... 18,313 26,002 28,802 28,253 27,282 36,690 −29.6 −9.5 −7.4

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 2,020 2,925 3,372 3,445 3,468 6,098 −30.9 −12.6 −11.5

Bulgaria ......................................................... 522 989 1,114 1,214 1,339 49 −47.2 −21.0 30.1

Finland........................................................... 233 463 501 540 724 95 −49.6 −24.7 10.4

France ............................................................ 2,491 3,103 3,056 3,084 3,155 4,961 −19.7 −5.7 −7.4

Germany, FR................................................. 136 380 650 538 231 701 −64.1 −12.3 −16.6

Iceland ........................................................... 51 39 54 54 39 31 31.3 6.9 5.8

Ireland............................................................ − − 121 − − −− − −

Italy................................................................ 3,998 4,554 4,581 5,293 4,504 7,029 −12.2 −2.9 −6.1

Netherlands.................................................... 2,569 4,115 4,114 4,142 3,978 3,975 −37.6 −10.3 −4.7

Norway .......................................................... 86 86 90 61 92 109 .3 −1.6 −2.6

Portugal.......................................................... 369 278 214 174 30 258 32.5 86.8 4.0

Romania......................................................... 322 1,097 2,148 1,512 1,685 1,718 −70.7 −33.9 −17.0

Spain.............................................................. 1,676 2,398 2,251 2,103 2,178 3,479 −30.1 −6.3 −7.8

Sweden .......................................................... 638 757 834 987 1,109 843 −15.6 −12.9 −3.0

Turkey............................................................ 794 1,589 2,087 2,027 1,806 2,101 −50.1 −18.6 −10.3

United Kingdom............................................ 2,407 3,228 3,615 3,081 2,932 4,090 −25.4 −4.8 −5.7

Other2 ............................................................ − − * − 13 1,153 − −100.0 −100.0

Asia Total........................................................ 4,068 6,788 7,978 8,814 11,014 14,721 −40.1 −22.0 −13.3

China (Taiwan).............................................. 126 345 555 376 370 394 −63.4 −23.6 −11.9

Israel .............................................................. − 73 137 265 141 55 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Japan.............................................................. 2,217 4,329 4,791 5,552 7,929 11,044 −48.8 −27.3 −16.3

Korea, Republic of........................................ 1,713 2,029 2,472 2,597 2,574 3,206 −15.6 −9.7 −6.7

Other2............................................................ 12 12 23 24 − 23 * − −6.7

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 3 −−− 1 −100.0 − −100.0

Other2 ............................................................ − 3 −−− 1 −100.0 − −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 1,046 2,532 2,379 2,570 2,239 1,180 −58.7 −17.3 −1.3

Algeria ........................................................... 317 343 264 177 220 479 −7.6 9.6 −4.5

Egypt .............................................................. 260 890 1,128 1,037 1,233 646 −70.8 −32.3 −9.6

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 469 1,299 987 1,320 786 55 −63.9 −12.1 26.8

Other2............................................................ − − − 37 − −− − −

Total................................................................. 32,128 47,093 52,154 52,950 52,089 63,459 −31.8 −11.4 −7.3

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

200 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 78. U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... 16,967 17,368 11,592 7,110 5,635 11,460 −2.3 31.7 4.4

Canada1 ......................................................... 15,549 15,727 10,084 5,999 4,975 11,115 −1.1 33.0 3.8

Mexico........................................................... 1,410 1,522 1,435 1,039 547 208 −7.4 26.7 23.7

Other2............................................................ 7 119 73 72 113 137 −93.8 −49.4 −27.7

South America Total...................................... 96 213 573 691 190 435 −54.6 −15.6 −15.4

Brazil ............................................................. 24 17 90 95 15 94 46.5 13.2 −14.0

Other2............................................................ 72 196 482 596 176 340 −63.1 −19.9 −15.8

Europe Total................................................... 4,195 7,771 12,530 18,940 21,338 21,692 −46.0 −33.4 −16.7

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 53 270 947 1,125 1,033 2,402 −80.4 −52.4 −34.5

Bulgaria ......................................................... − − − 173 − 39 − −−100.0

Finland ........................................................... − − 160 164 584 − −−100.0 −

France ............................................................ 30 89 342 769 503 1,918 −65.8 −50.5 −36.9

Germany, FR................................................. 437 867 221 517 1,722 356 −49.6 −29.0 2.3

Iceland ........................................................... − − − 8 − 16 − −−100.0

Ireland ............................................................ 868 1,150 516 765 914 1,458 −24.5 −1.3 −5.6

Italy................................................................ 15 764 2,438 3,911 4,559 4,917 −98.0 −75.9 −47.4

Netherlands.................................................... 862 401 711 2,917 3,323 4,393 115.1 −28.6 −16.5

Norway .......................................................... − 7 7 24 28 68 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Portugal.......................................................... 377 468 1,256 1,628 1,722 1,528 −19.5 −31.6 −14.4

Romania ......................................................... − − 96 − 299 − −−100.0 −

Spain .............................................................. 796 758 1,883 1,990 2,475 312 5.0 −24.7 10.9

Sweden .......................................................... − − − 83 9 23 − −100.0 −100.0

Turkey............................................................ 1 3 5 140 206 17 −55.9 −71.4 −24.2

United Kingdom............................................ 755 2,719 3,570 3,115 1,795 1,088 −72.2 −19.4 −4.0

Other2............................................................ 1 277 379 1,612 2,166 3,157 −99.6 −85.1 −58.8

Asia Total........................................................ 5,089 5,523 6,520 9,166 8,081 8,004 −7.9 −10.9 −4.9

China (Taiwan).............................................. 1,089 1,174 1,686 2,066 2,163 4,211 −7.3 −15.8 −13.9

Israel .............................................................. 603 454 456 936 620 584 32.8 −.7 .3

Japan.............................................................. 2,736 3,406 3,183 4,976 3,858 2,294 −19.6 −8.2 2.0

Korea, Republic of........................................ 652 424 1,017 1,175 1,438 793 53.8 −17.9 −2.1

Other2 ............................................................ 9 66 178 12 2 122 −86.4 40.1 −25.3

Oceania & Australia Total............................ *211*2 −95.9 −22.0 −30.4

Other2 ............................................................ * 2 1 1 * 2 −95.9 −22.0 −30.4

Africa Total..................................................... * 77 175 1,615 1,214 753 −99.9 −91.1 −64.0

Egypt.............................................................. − 1 2 1 2 * −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... −−−− * − −−100.0 −

Other2 ............................................................ * 76 173 1,614 1,212 752 −99.9 −91.1 −64.0

Total................................................................. 26,347 30,954 31,390 37,522 36,458 42,345 −14.9 −7.8 −5.1

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 201 
Table 79. Coal Exports by Customs District, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Short Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Customs District 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Eastern Total .................................................. 32,444 48,668 52,806 58,161 55,374 66,160 −33.3 −12.5 −7.6

Boston, MA................................................... − − 22 − 33 54 − −100.0 −100.0

Baltimore, MD .............................................. 4,834 6,576 6,297 11,221 11,313 7,786 −26.5 −19.1 −5.1

Portland, ME ................................................. 396 400 1 * 57 1 −1.0 62.1 99.7 R Buffalo, NY................................................... 3,118 5,144 3,594 2,263 1,574 503 −39.4 18.6 22.5 R New York City, NY...................................... 1 9 3 6 87 17 −84.4 −64.1 −24.1 R Ogdensburg, NY ........................................... 117 85 92 116 163 54 38.8 −7.9 9.0

Philadelphia, PA............................................ 167 202 265 406 339 3,237 −17.0 −16.2 −28.0

Norfolk, VA .................................................. 23,810 36,252 42,533 44,148 41,808 54,508 −34.3 −13.1 −8.8

St. Albans, VT .............................................. * − 11* − − 55.7 −

 R Southern Total................................................ 7,091 11,261 15,327 16,077 19,936 21,988 −37.0 −22.8 −11.8

Mobile, AL.................................................... 2,683 4,537 5,379 5,897 8,283 7,607 −40.9 −24.6 −10.9

Savannah, GA ............................................... 1 2 37 − 4 * −30.3 −27.1 21.0

Miami, FL ..................................................... 1 2 1 2 2 1 −49.8 −11.6 −2.3

Tampa, FL..................................................... − * * − 1 19 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0 R New Orleans, LA .......................................... 2,923 4,848 7,639 8,669 10,522 12,811 −39.7 −27.4 −15.1

Wilmington, NC............................................ * * * * − − NM − −

San Juan, PR ................................................. 28 40 83 * * − −28.5 327.5 −

Charleston, SC............................................... 3 * 164 154 401 1,193 NM −69.4 −47.7

El Paso, TX................................................... − − * − * − −−100.0 −

Houston-Galveston, TX ................................ 74 299 560 297 179 154 −75.4 −19.9 −7.9 R Laredo, TX .................................................... 1,377 1,533 1,463 1,057 542 201 −10.2 26.2 23.8

 R Western Total ................................................. 3,698 3,793 4,771 6,832 5,527 3,009 −2.5 −9.6 2.3

Anchorage, AK ............................................. 618 343 740 784 919 793 80.0 −9.4 −2.7

Nogales, AZ .................................................. * * − * − 3 104.5 − −36.5

Los Angeles, CA........................................... 3,049 3,440 3,785 5,899 4,475 1,936 −11.4 −9.1 5.2

San Diego, CA .............................................. 12 3 * − * 3 350.8 261.6 14.9

San Francisco, CA ........................................ * 3 104 1 * 188 −93.1 −14.3 −53.2

Great Falls, MT............................................. 3 3 1 * * * −3.5 80.2 40.8

Portland, OR.................................................. 15 − 41 − − 4 − − 15.4 R Seattle, WA ................................................... 1 1 100 147 132 82 15.2 −68.2 −36.7

 R Northern Total................................................ 15,220 14,291 10,616 9,358 7,688 14,622 6.5 18.6 .4

Chicago, IL.................................................... 5 − 21 − − 47 − −−21.7 R Detroit, MI..................................................... 1,974 2,485 2,283 3,804 1,845 3,901 −20.6 1.7 −7.3

Duluth, MN ................................................... 3,319 1,093 128 247 210 504 203.6 99.3 23.3

 R Pembina, ND................................................. 59 63 1 1 19 * −5.3 33.3 81.0

Cleveland, OH............................................... 9,863 10,651 8,183 5,306 5,614 10,073 −7.4 15.1 −.2

Milwaukee, WI.............................................. − * −−− 96 −100.0 − −100.0

 R Other Ports ..................................................... 23 35 25 45 22 25 −33.7 .8 −.9

Total................................................................. 58,476 78,048 83,545 90,473 88,547 105,804 −25.1 −9.8 −6.4

* Data round to zero.

R Revised Data. NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

202 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Coal Prices

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 203 
204 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

10

20

30

40

50

Nominal Dollars per Short Ton

Export

Mine

Consumer

Import

Figure 12. Coal Prices, 1990-1999

 Notes: Average mine prices exclude mines producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year. Mine Price is calculated by

dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) mine value of the coal produced by the total production. Consumer Price is based on the cost

including insurance and freight (C.I.F. cost) for electric utilities, and insurance, freight and taxes for manufacturing and coke plants, and

does not include the residential and commercial sector. Export Price is based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value. Import Price is based

on the customers import value.

 Sources:  Mine Price: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-7A, “Coal Production Report”; State Mining Agency Coal

Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, “Quarterly Mine Employment

and Coal Production Report.”  Consumer Prices: Federal Regulatory Commission (FERC), FERC Form 423, “Monthly Report on Cost

and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants”; EIA, Form EIA-5, “Coke Plant Report % Quarterly” and Form EIA-3, “Quarterly Coal Consumption

Report % Manufacturing Plants.”  Export Prices: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report EM 545.”  Import

Prices: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Monthly Report IM 145.”
Mine Prices

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 205 
Table 80. Average Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Percent Average Annual Percent Change Coal-Producing 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................... $35.29 $37.23 $38.48 $39.48 $38.44 $43.04 −5.2 −2.1 −2.2

Alaska .................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Arizona ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Arkansas .............................................. w w w − w ww w w

California ............................................. − − − − − w −− −

Colorado .............................................. $17.23 $17.30 $18.46 $17.94 $19.26 $21.75 −.4 −2.7 −2.5

Illinois .................................................. 22.90 22.86 21.44 22.74 23.05 27.73 .2 −.2 −2.1

Indiana ................................................. 19.99 19.68 19.62 20.24 21.71 23.91 1.6 −2.0 −2.0

Iowa ..................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Kansas.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Kentucky Total .................................... $23.50 $23.82 $23.72 $23.91 $24.79 $25.19 −1.3 −1.3 −.8

Eastern .............................................. 24.14 24.59 24.65 24.98 26.00 25.84 −1.8 −1.8 −.8

Western ............................................. 21.15 21.01 20.49 20.38 20.75 23.32 .7 .5 −1.1

Louisiana.............................................. w w w w w w w w w

Maryland.............................................. $23.27 $24.35 $23.26 $24.40 $24.69 $25.97 −4.4 −1.5 −1.2

Mississippi ........................................... w − − − − −− − −

Missouri ............................................... w 20.78 16.87 23.31 18.91 w w w w

Montana ............................................... $8.82 8.25 9.84 9.96 9.62 $9.42 6.8 −2.2 −.7

New Mexico ........................................ 20.97 20.68 21.83 24.66 23.80 22.43 1.4 −3.1 −.7

North Dakota ....................................... 8.01 8.01 8.06 8.01 7.99 7.67 * * .5

Ohio ..................................................... 28.18 27.56 23.66 24.85 25.97 28.65 2.3 2.1 −.2

Oklahoma............................................. 26.70 26.02 26.32 26.54 24.13 30.39 2.6 2.5 −1.4 R Pennsylvania Total .............................. 24.14 25.79 25.98 25.78 26.78 30.15 −6.4 −2.6 −2.4

Anthracite.......................................... 35.13 42.91 35.12 36.78 39.78 39.40 −18.1 −3.1 −1.3 R Bituminous........................................ 23.43 24.66 25.41 24.98 25.77 29.72 −5.0 −2.3 −2.6

Tennessee............................................. 29.24 28.69 27.03 27.79 26.94 27.96 1.9 2.1 .5

Texas.................................................... 12.46 12.47 12.15 12.17 12.16 11.20 * .6 1.2

Utah...................................................... 17.33 18.47 17.61 21.63 19.10 18.53 −6.2 −2.4 −.7

Virginia ................................................ 26.30 28.69 28.24 28.45 28.47 28.05 −8.3 −1.9 −.7

Washington .......................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia Total............................. $25.57 $27.07 $26.64 $26.58 $27.18 $28.62 −5.6 −1.5 −1.2

Northern ............................................ 22.98 25.62 25.86 24.86 24.91 29.05 −10.3 −2.0 −2.6

Southern ............................................ 26.39 27.57 26.90 27.21 28.07 28.40 −4.3 −1.5 −.8

Wyoming ............................................. 5.38 5.41 6.00 6.41 6.58 8.43 −.7 −4.9 −4.9

 R Appalachian Total1 ........................... 25.58 26.84 26.55 26.78 27.45 28.89 −4.7 −1.7 −1.3

Interior Total1 ................................... 18.52 18.45 17.91 18.41 18.81 21.45 .4 −.4 −1.6

Western Total1 .................................. 8.59 8.76 9.52 10.03 10.15 11.60 −2.0 −4.1 −3.3

 R East of Miss. River............................ 24.77 25.77 25.39 25.70 26.35 28.09 −3.9 −1.5 −1.4

West of Miss. River........................... 9.07 9.25 9.92 10.40 10.48 11.81 −1.9 −3.5 −2.9

U.S. Total............................................ 16.63 17.67 18.14 18.50 18.83 21.76 −5.8 −3.0 −2.9

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data.

Notes: For 1997 and prior years, average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) mine value of the coal produced by the

total production. For 1998 and forward, average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the

total coal sold. A measure of dispersion of the 1999 average prices at the State level (interquartile range) is given in Appendix D, Table D1. Excludes silt,

culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are

not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

206 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 81. Average Real Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Percent Average Annual Percent Change Coal-Producing 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................... $33.74 $36.11 $37.75 $39.48 $39.19 $49.75 −6.6 −3.7 −4.2

Alaska .................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Arizona ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Arkansas .............................................. w w w − w ww w w

California ............................................. − − − − − w −− −

Colorado .............................................. $16.47 $16.78 $18.12 $17.94 $19.63 $25.15 −1.8 −4.3 −4.6

Illinois .................................................. 21.89 22.17 21.03 22.74 23.50 32.05 −1.3 −1.8 −4.1

Indiana ................................................. 19.11 19.08 19.25 20.24 22.13 27.64 .1 −3.6 −4.0

Iowa ..................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Kansas.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Kentucky Total .................................... $22.47 $23.10 $23.27 $23.91 $25.27 $29.12 −2.7 −2.9 −2.8

Eastern .............................................. 23.07 23.84 24.19 24.98 26.50 29.87 −3.2 −3.4 −2.8

Western ............................................. 20.22 20.37 20.11 20.38 21.15 26.96 −.8 −1.1 −3.1

Louisiana.............................................. w w w w w w w w w

Maryland.............................................. $22.24 $23.62 $22.82 $24.40 $25.17 $30.02 −5.8 −3.0 −3.3

Mississippi ........................................... w − − − − −− − −

Missouri ............................................... w 20.15 16.55 23.31 19.27 w w w w

Montana ............................................... $8.43 8.01 9.66 9.96 9.81 $10.89 5.3 −3.7 −2.8

New Mexico ........................................ 20.05 20.05 21.42 24.66 24.26 25.92 * −4.6 −2.8

North Dakota ....................................... 7.65 7.77 7.91 8.01 8.15 8.87 −1.5 −1.5 −1.6

Ohio ..................................................... 26.94 26.72 23.21 24.85 26.47 33.11 .8 .4 −2.3

Oklahoma............................................. 25.52 25.23 25.83 26.54 24.60 35.13 1.1 .9 −3.5

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 23.08 25.01 25.49 25.78 27.30 34.85 −7.7 −4.1 −4.5

Anthracite.......................................... 33.58 41.62 34.46 36.78 40.55 45.55 −19.3 −4.6 −3.3

Bituminous........................................ 22.40 23.92 24.93 24.98 26.27 34.35 −6.3 −3.9 −4.6

Tennessee............................................. 27.95 27.83 26.53 27.79 27.46 32.31 .4 .4 −1.6

Texas.................................................... 11.91 12.09 11.93 12.17 12.40 12.94 −1.5 −1.0 −.9

Utah...................................................... 16.56 17.91 17.28 21.63 19.47 21.42 −7.5 −4.0 −2.8

Virginia ................................................ 25.15 27.82 27.71 28.45 29.02 32.43 −9.6 −3.5 −2.8

Washington .......................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia Total............................. $24.44 $26.25 $26.14 $26.58 $27.71 $33.08 −6.9 −3.1 −3.3

Northern ............................................ 21.97 24.85 25.38 24.86 25.40 33.58 −11.6 −3.6 −4.6

Southern ............................................ 25.23 26.74 26.39 27.21 28.62 32.83 −5.6 −3.1 −2.9

Wyoming ............................................. 5.14 5.25 5.89 6.41 6.70 9.74 −2.1 −6.4 −6.9

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 24.45 26.03 26.05 26.78 27.98 33.39 −6.0 −3.3 −3.4

Interior Total1 ................................... 17.71 17.89 17.58 18.41 19.17 24.79 −1.0 −2.0 −3.7

Western Total1 .................................. 8.21 8.50 9.35 10.03 10.35 13.41 −3.4 −5.6 −5.3

East of Miss. River............................ 23.68 24.99 24.92 25.70 26.86 32.47 −5.2 −3.1 −3.4

West of Miss. River........................... 8.67 8.97 9.73 10.40 10.69 13.65 −3.3 −5.1 −4.9

U.S. Total............................................ 15.90 17.13 17.80 18.50 19.20 25.16 −7.2 −4.6 −5.0

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. For 1997 and

prior years, average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) mine value of the coal produced by the total production.For 1998

and forward, average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 207 
Table 82. Average Price of Coal by State and Mine Type, 1999

(Dollars per Short Ton)

 Underground Surface Total

 Coal-Producing

State and Region Nominal Real1 Nominal Real1 Real1

Nominal

Alabama .................................................. $35.58 $34.01 $34.40 $32.89 $35.29 $33.74

Alaska ..................................................... − − wwww

Arizona .................................................... − − wwww

Arkansas .................................................. − − wwww

Colorado .................................................. 16.30 15.58 $19.27 $18.42 $17.23 $16.48

Illinois ..................................................... 22.84 21.83 23.56 22.52 22.90 21.89

Indiana .................................................... w w w w 19.99 19.11

Kansas ..................................................... − − wwww

Kentucky Total ....................................... $23.82 $22.78 $22.97 $21.96 $23.50 $22.47

Eastern .................................................. 24.59 23.51 23.51 22.48 24.14 23.07

Western ................................................ 21.71 20.75 19.25 18.40 21.15 20.22

Louisiana ................................................. − − wwww

Maryland ................................................. w w w w $23.27 $22.24

Mississippi .............................................. − − wwww

Missouri .................................................. − − wwww

Montana .................................................. − − $8.82 $8.43 $8.82 $8.43

New Mexico ........................................... w w w w 20.97 20.05

North Dakota .......................................... − − $8.01 $7.66 8.01 7.66

Ohio ........................................................ $31.50 $30.12 24.52 23.44 28.18 26.94

Oklahoma ................................................ w w w w 26.70 25.52

Pennsylvania Total ................................. $23.86 $22.81 $25.07 $23.97 24.14 23.08

Anthracite ............................................. 40.86 39.06 34.77 33.24 35.13 33.58

Bituminous ........................................... 23.78 22.73 21.90 20.94 23.43 22.40

Tennessee ................................................ w w w w 29.24 27.95

Texas ....................................................... − − $12.46 $11.91 12.46 11.91

Utah ......................................................... $17.33 $16.57 − − 17.33 16.57

Virginia ................................................... 26.73 25.55 25.32 24.21 26.30 25.15

Washington ............................................. − − wwww

West Virginia Total................................ 26.21 25.06 $24.36 $23.29 $25.57 $24.44

Northern ............................................... 23.10 22.08 22.29 21.31 22.98 21.97

Southern ............................................... 27.66 26.44 24.59 23.51 26.39 25.23

Wyoming ................................................ w w w w 5.38 5.14

Appalachian Total2 .............................. 26.07 24.92 24.65 23.57 25.58 24.46

Interior Total2 ...................................... 22.42 21.43 16.04 15.33 18.52 17.71

Western Total2...................................... 16.95 16.20 7.69 7.36 8.59 8.21

East of Miss. River ............................... 25.39 24.27 23.64 22.60 24.77 23.68

West of Miss. River.............................. 17.00 16.25 8.32 7.95 9.07 8.67

U.S. Total............................................... 24.33 23.26 12.37 11.82 16.63 15.90

1 Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. A measure

of dispersion of these average nominal prices at the State level (interquartile range) is given in Appendix D, Table D2. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to

provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

208 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 83. Average Price of Coal by State and Underground Mining Method, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Continuous1 Conventional2 Longwall3 Other4 Total State and Region

Alabama ............................................... $28.51 − $35.62 − $35.58

Colorado .............................................. 21.47 − 16.11 − 16.30

Illinois .................................................. 22.12 − 24.12 − 22.84

Indiana ................................................. w −−− w

Kentucky Total .................................... $23.83 $23.90 23.71 $30.71 $23.82

Eastern .............................................. 24.68 23.90 21.86 30.71 24.59

Western ............................................. 20.47 − 24.06 − 21.71

Maryland .............................................. w − w − w

New Mexico ........................................ $19.31 − − − $19.31

Ohio ..................................................... 20.97 − $33.90 − 31.50

Oklahoma............................................. 29.31 − − − 29.31

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 26.16 37.17 23.19 43.34 23.86

Anthracite .......................................... 41.63 37.17 − 43.34 40.86

Bituminous ........................................ 25.92 − 23.19 − 23.78

Tennessee ............................................. w −−− w

Utah...................................................... $16.12 21.38 17.26 − $17.33

Virginia ................................................ 25.90 28.40 28.69 − 26.73

West Virginia Total............................. 26.30 23.60 26.09 − 26.21

Northern ............................................ 20.52 − 24.09 − 23.10

Southern ............................................ 27.39 23.60 28.26 − 27.66

Wyoming ............................................. − − w − w

Appalachian Total5 ........................... 25.51 24.21 26.76 34.29 26.07

Interior Total5 ................................... 21.58 − 24.10 − 22.42

Western Total5 .................................. 17.52 21.38 16.81 − 16.95

East of Miss. River............................ 24.64 24.21 26.38 34.29 25.39

West of Miss. River........................... 18.24 21.38 16.81 − 17.00

U.S. Total............................................ 24.53 23.43 24.14 34.29 24.33

1 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by continuous mining method.

2 Mines that produce greater than 50 percent of coal by conventional mining method, or mines that produce less than 10,000 short tons, which are not

required to provide data.

3 Mines that have any production from longwall mining method. A typical longwall mining operation uses 80 percent longwall mining and 20 percent

continuous mining.

4 Mines that produce coal using shortwall, scoop loading, hand loading, or other mining methods or a 50/50 percent continuous/conventional split in

mining method.

5 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 209 
Table 84. Coal Disposition, Number of Mines, and Average Price,

by State and County, 1999

(Thousand Short Tons, Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Number of Mines Disposition Average Price State and County

Alabama ............................................ 44 19,258 35.29

Bibb .............................................. 1 45 w

Cullman ........................................ 2 82 w

Fayette .......................................... 1 2,350 w

Jefferson ....................................... 8 7,903 $40.68

Marion .......................................... 1 34 w

Tuscaloosa .................................... 7 5,261 $31.21

Walker .......................................... 21 3,254 35.41

Winston ........................................ 3 330 w

Alaska ................................................ 1 1,573 w

Yukon River................................. 1 1,573 w

Arizona .............................................. 2 12,623 w

Navajo .......................................... 2 12,623 w

Arkansas ............................................ 1 15 w

Johnson ......................................... 1 15 w

Colorado ............................................ 12 30,146 17.23

Delta ............................................. 1 1,751 w

Fremont ........................................ 1 226 w

Gunnison ...................................... 2 8,298 w

La Plata ........................................ 1 223 w

Mesa ............................................. 1 278 w

Moffat ........................................... 2 7,780 w

Montrose ...................................... 1 359 w

Rio Blanco ................................... 1 1,333 w

Routt ............................................. 2 9,898 w

Illinois ................................................ 23 40,280 22.90

Christian ....................................... 1 43 w

Gallatin ......................................... 4 4,639 $24.10

Jackson ......................................... 2 815 w

Jefferson ....................................... 1 3,878 w

Logan ............................................ 1 2,303 w

Macoupin ...................................... 2 4,309 w

McDonough .................................. 1 480 w

Montgomery ................................. 1 1,703 w

Perry ............................................. 1 2,436 w

Randolph ...................................... 1 2,490 w

Saline ............................................ 3 9,245 w

Vermilion ..................................... 1 919 w

Wabash ......................................... 1 1,296 w

Washington .................................. 1 3,384 w

White ............................................ 1 2,320 w

Williamson ................................... 1 21 w

Indiana .............................................. 34 33,969 19.99

Clay .............................................. 3 78 w

Daviess ......................................... 4 3,573 $20.10

Dubois .......................................... 1 79 w

Gibson .......................................... 4 5,888 $18.19

Greene .......................................... 4 4,970 21.46

Knox ............................................. 6 5,490 21.47

Parke ............................................. 1 216 w

Pike ............................................... 4 4,503 $19.94

Spencer ......................................... 1 228 w

Sullivan ........................................ 1 1,508 w

Vigo .............................................. 2 3,548 w

Warrick ......................................... 3 3,888 w

Kansas ............................................... 2 400 w

Linn .............................................. 2 400 w

Kentucky ........................................... 415 139,117 23.50

Bell ............................................... 20 4,565 $25.68

Breathitt ........................................ 6 2,626 21.60

Christian ....................................... 1 332 w

Clay .............................................. 3 86 w

Daviess ......................................... 2 934 w

Floyd ............................................ 29 4,841 $24.02

Harlan ........................................... 33 8,638 25.08

Henderson .................................... 2 1,259 w

Hopkins ........................................ 12 7,371 $19.42

Johnson ......................................... 5 1,168 22.83

Knott ............................................. 48 10,813 19.45

Knox ............................................. 11 489 36.68

Laurel ........................................... 1 43 w

See footnotes at end of table.

210 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 84. Coal Disposition, Number of Mines, and Average Price,

by State and County, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons, Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Number of Mines Disposition Average Price State and County

Kentucky (Continued)

Lawrence ...................................... 2 131 $24.46

Leslie ............................................ 12 7,940 23.15

Letcher .......................................... 37 9,460 25.49

Martin ........................................... 28 11,171 23.95

McLean ........................................ 2 616 w

Morgan ......................................... 1 43 w

Muhlenberg .................................. 5 3,403 $17.25

Ohio .............................................. 3 161 w

Owsley .......................................... 2 31 w

Perry ............................................. 30 12,895 $22.19

Pike ............................................... 107 34,369 25.90

Union ............................................ 3 7,396 w

Webster ........................................ 6 8,101 $23.02

Whitley ......................................... 4 235 20.22

Louisiana ........................................... 2 2,952 w

De Soto ........................................ 1 2,236 w

Red River ..................................... 1 716 w

Maryland ........................................... 11 3,963 23.27

Allegany ....................................... 6 562 $25.55

Garrett .......................................... 5 3,402 22.89

Mississippi ......................................... 1 15 w

Choctaw ........................................ 1 15 w

Missouri ............................................. 2 391 w

Barton ........................................... 1 73 w

Bates ............................................. 1 318 w

Montana ............................................ 6 41,231 8.82

Big Horn ...................................... 3 27,340 w

Richland ....................................... 1 278 w

Rosebud ........................................ 2 13,613 w

New Mexico ...................................... 7 28,011 20.97

Colfax ........................................... 1 1,146 w

McKinley ...................................... 2 11,813 w

San Juan ....................................... 4 15,051 $20.89

North Dakota.................................... 4 30,977 8.01

McLean ........................................ 1 7,151 w

Mercer .......................................... 2 19,297 w

Oliver ............................................ 1 4,529 w

Ohio ................................................... 59 23,113 28.18

Belmont ........................................ 6 5,408 $20.05

Carroll .......................................... 2 142 17.83

Columbiana .................................. 4 491 14.98

Coshocton ..................................... 3 105 w

Gallia ............................................ 1 221 w

Guernsey ...................................... 2 68 w

Harrison ........................................ 7 2,982 $21.61

Holmes ......................................... 1 168 w

Jackson ......................................... 3 1,422 w

Jefferson ....................................... 5 654 $22.31

Meigs ............................................ 2 4,554 w

Monroe ......................................... 1 1,065 w

Morgan ......................................... 1 1,016 w

Muskingum .................................. 1 663 w

Noble ............................................ 2 714 w

Perry ............................................. 5 966 $23.16

Stark ............................................. 3 551 16.56

Tuscarawas ................................... 8 800 18.06

Vinton ........................................... 2 1,123 w

Oklahoma .......................................... 7 1,648 26.70

Craig ............................................. 1 195 w

Haskell .......................................... 1 614 w

Latimer ......................................... 1 116 w

Le Flore........................................ 3 501 $28.10

Rogers .......................................... 1 222 w

Pennsylvania ..................................... 230 76,952 24.14

Allegheny ..................................... 1 11 w

Armstrong .................................... 22 5,412 $25.00

Beaver .......................................... 1 209 w

Butler ............................................ 2 530 $25.93

Cambria ........................................ 12 1,395 23.83

Carbon .......................................... 1 39 w

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 211 
Table 84. Coal Disposition, Number of Mines, and Average Price,

by State and County, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons, Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Number of Mines Disposition Average Price State and County

Pennsylvania (Continued)

Clarion .......................................... 5 435 $23.62

Clearfield ...................................... 29 3,446 24.03

Columbia ...................................... 3 532 40.47

Elk ................................................ 3 448 17.40

Fayette .......................................... 8 280 21.23

Greene .......................................... 10 38,136 22.69

Indiana .......................................... 23 4,994 28.68

Jefferson ....................................... 14 1,569 21.85

Lawrence ...................................... 2 74 w

Luzerne ......................................... 8 1,051 $42.23

Lycoming ..................................... 1 256 w

Northumberland ........................... 4 847 $19.72

Schuylkill ..................................... 39 2,127 36.85

Somerset ....................................... 25 4,898 19.96

Sullivan ........................................ 2 60 w

Venango ....................................... 1 91 w

Washington .................................. 7 9,621 $25.34

Westmoreland .............................. 7 490 19.63

Tennessee .......................................... 20 3,013 29.24

Anderson ...................................... 2 91 w

Campbell ...................................... 8 880 $32.61

Claiborne ...................................... 7 1,198 26.01

Cumberland .................................. 1 263 w

Scott .............................................. 1 168 w

Sequatchie .................................... 1 413 w

Texas .................................................. 14 53,048 12.46

Atascosa ....................................... 1 3,420 w

Freestone ...................................... 1 4,971 w

Harrison ........................................ 2 3,873 w

Hopkins ........................................ 1 2,126 w

Leon .............................................. 1 8,935 w

Milam ........................................... 1 6,298 w

Panola ........................................... 2 7,768 w

Robertson ..................................... 1 1,640 w

Rusk .............................................. 1 6,237 w

Titus .............................................. 2 7,536 w

Webb ............................................ 1 244 w

Utah ................................................... 14 26,787 17.33

Carbon .......................................... 8 8,206 $18.83

Emery ........................................... 3 11,966 w

Sevier ............................................ 3 6,615 w

Virginia .............................................. 142 31,673 26.30

Buchanan ...................................... 46 11,139 $27.74

Dickenson ..................................... 23 4,238 28.71

Lee ................................................ 7 1,003 24.88

Russell .......................................... 3 406 27.56

Tazewell ....................................... 8 1,346 28.87

Wise .............................................. 55 13,541 24.18

Washington ....................................... 1 4,074 w

Lewis ............................................ 1 4,074 w

West Virginia.................................... 275 158,437 25.57

Barbour ......................................... 4 688 $22.30

Boone ........................................... 31 30,144 25.37

Brooke .......................................... 1 1,645 w

Clay .............................................. 6 6,462 $27.01

Fayette .......................................... 5 2,078 30.76

Grant ............................................. 3 603 w

Greenbrier .................................... 3 327 w

Harrison ........................................ 14 7,099 $25.04

Kanawha ....................................... 12 14,905 23.89

Lincoln ......................................... 1 357 w

Logan ............................................ 20 9,524 $24.18

Marion .......................................... 2 1,278 w

Marshall ........................................ 2 10,846 w

McDowell ..................................... 46 4,886 $26.80

Mineral ......................................... 1 49 w

Mingo ........................................... 29 19,961 $27.25

Monongalia .................................. 8 6,714 21.30

Nicholas ........................................ 11 4,319 26.04

Preston .......................................... 6 1,354 25.14

See footnotes at end of table.

212 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 84. Coal Disposition, Number of Mines, and Average Price,

by State and County, 1999 (Continued)

(Thousand Short Tons, Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Number of Mines Disposition Average Price State and County

West Virginia (Continued)

Raleigh ......................................... 18 10,789 $31.02

Tucker .......................................... 2 258 w

Upshur .......................................... 12 2,262 $20.29

Wayne .......................................... 7 6,673 25.93

Webster ........................................ 9 5,495 20.03

Wyoming ...................................... 22 9,718 28.10

Wyoming ........................................... 22 336,646 5.38

Campbell ...................................... 13 294,339 $4.77

Carbon .......................................... 3 2,921 w

Converse ....................................... 2 25,625 w

Lincoln ......................................... 1 4,320 w

Sheridan ........................................ 1 72 w

Sweetwater ................................... 2 9,369 w

U.S. Total .......................................... 1,351 1,100,313 16.63

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to provide data. Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and

dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 213 
Table 85. Average Price by State and Coal Rank, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Bituminous Subbituminous Lignite Anthracite Total State and Region

Alabama............................................... $35.29 − − − $35.29

Alaska .................................................. − w − − w

Arizona ................................................ w −−− w

Arkansas .............................................. − − − w w

Colorado .............................................. $16.79 $18.50 − − $17.23

Illinois .................................................. 22.90 − − − 22.90

Indiana ................................................. 19.99 − − − 19.99

Kansas .................................................. w −−− w

Kentucky Total .................................... $23.50 − − − $23.50

Eastern .............................................. 24.14 − − − 24.14

Western ............................................. 21.15 − − − 21.15

Louisiana .............................................. − − w − w

Maryland.............................................. 23.27 − − − $23.27

Mississippi ........................................... − − w − w

Missouri ............................................... w −−− w

Montana ............................................... − w w − $8.82

New Mexico ........................................ w w − − 20.97

North Dakota ....................................... − − $8.01 − 8.01

Ohio ..................................................... $28.18 − − − 28.18

Oklahoma............................................. 26.70 − − − 26.70

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 23.43 − − $35.13 24.14

Anthracite.......................................... − − − 35.13 35.13

Bituminous........................................ 23.43 − − − 23.43

Tennessee............................................. 29.24 − − − 29.24

Texas .................................................... w − w − 12.46

Utah...................................................... $17.33 − − − 17.33

Virginia ................................................ 26.30 − − − 26.30

Washington .......................................... − w − − w

West Virginia Total............................. 25.57 −−− $25.57

Northern ............................................ 22.98 − − − 22.98

Southern ............................................ 26.39 − − − 26.39

Wyoming ............................................. w w − − 5.38

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 25.48 − − 35.13 25.58

Interior Total1 ................................... 21.56 − 12.73 w 18.52

Western Total1 .................................. 18.82 6.87 8.03 − 8.59

East of Miss. River............................ 24.68 − 11.04 35.13 24.77

West of Miss. River........................... 19.05 6.87 11.04 w 9.07

U.S. Total............................................ 23.92 6.87 11.04 2 35.13 16.63

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

2 Does not include Arkansas. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge vaule of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

214 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 86. Average Price of U.S. Coal by Mine Production Range and Mine Type, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Mine Production Range Underground Surface (thousand short tons) Total

Over 1,000 ......................................... $24.00 $10.41 $14.56

500 to 1,000....................................... 26.20 22.64 24.57

200 to 500.......................................... 24.48 24.36 24.42

100 to 200.......................................... 23.58 24.48 23.90

50 to 100............................................ 24.17 24.07 24.12

10 to 50.............................................. 25.70 23.31 24.20

U.S. Total .......................................... 24.33 12.37 16.63

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Table 87. Average Price of U.S. Coal by Coalbed Thickness and Mine Type, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coalbed Thickness Underground Surface (inches) Total

 < 7 .................................................... − $30.86 $30.86

7-12 .................................................... − 22.43 22.43

13-18 .................................................. − 24.20 24.20

19-24 .................................................. $29.72 20.57 20.71

25-30 .................................................. 25.25 22.04 22.46

31-36 .................................................. 26.42 22.68 24.60

37-42 .................................................. 24.73 22.71 23.94

43-48 .................................................. 26.14 24.05 25.21

49-54 .................................................. 27.25 22.21 25.08

55-60 .................................................. 25.78 22.62 24.61

61-66 .................................................. 24.07 20.86 23.51

67-72 .................................................. 24.31 19.45 22.98

73-78 .................................................. 26.51 23.38 26.08

79-84 .................................................. 24.56 17.94 22.38

85-90 .................................................. 25.66 15.90 20.94

91-96 .................................................. 21.65 21.63 21.65

97-102 ................................................ 19.74 22.88 20.93

103-108 .............................................. 29.49 15.15 17.74

109-114 .............................................. 14.46 22.57 18.98

115-120 .............................................. 20.22 24.80 22.01

> 120 .............................................. 16.43 7.09 7.59

U.S. Total .......................................... 24.33 12.37 16.63

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 215 
Table 88. Average Price of Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Productivity Range

Coal-Producing (short tons per miner per hour)

State and Region

> = 16 8 to 16 4 to 8 2 to 4 0 to 2 Total

Alabama .................................................. − − $29.89 $36.89 $32.04 $35.29

Alaska ..................................................... − − w − − w

Arizona .................................................... − − w − − w

Arkansas .................................................. −−−− w w

Colorado .................................................. − w $21.50 w − $17.23

Illinois ..................................................... − w 22.40 $24.77 w 22.90

Indiana .................................................... − w 19.94 22.88 w 19.99

Kansas ..................................................... − w w − − w

Kentucky Total ....................................... w $23.54 $23.10 24.37 w $23.50

Eastern .................................................. w w 23.78 24.53 w 24.14

Western ................................................ − w 21.38 21.52 − 21.15

Louisiana ................................................. − w −−− w

Maryland ................................................. − w 22.78 26.05 w $23.27

Mississippi .............................................. −−−− w w

Missouri .................................................. −−− www

Montana .................................................. w w −−− $8.82

New Mexico ........................................... − $19.57 24.47 − − 20.97

North Dakota .......................................... $7.73 10.62 −−− 8.01

Ohio ........................................................ − 19.50 20.47 $37.64 $22.92 28.18

Oklahoma ................................................ − − 25.66 27.27 29.31 26.70

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 17.47 22.10 22.87 24.94 37.14 24.14

Anthracite ............................................. 17.70 35.56 25.55 38.47 53.79 35.13

Bituminous ........................................... 16.35 21.04 22.86 24.40 31.94 23.43

Tennessee ................................................ − w w 27.90 26.53 29.24

Texas ....................................................... − $12.27 w w − 12.46

Utah ......................................................... − 17.74 $16.52 w w 17.33

Virginia ................................................... − 26.53 25.30 $27.25 $26.54 26.30

Washington ............................................. −−− w − w

West Virginia Total................................ 19.60 25.58 25.62 $25.78 26.51 $25.57

Northern ............................................... 13.49 21.46 23.64 22.16 23.87 22.98

Southern ............................................... 22.15 26.13 26.32 27.78 27.70 26.39

Wyoming ................................................ 4.74 15.62 w w − 5.38

Appalachian Total1 .............................. 19.12 24.70 24.37 27.84 31.01 25.58

Interior Total1 ...................................... − 13.09 20.93 24.18 24.11 18.52

Western Total1...................................... 5.39 16.78 20.53 24.22 17.18 8.59

East of Miss. River ............................... 19.12 24.23 23.52 27.42 30.90 24.77

West of Miss. River.............................. 5.39 15.15 20.07 24.57 21.21 9.07

U.S. Total............................................... 5.54 18.02 23.09 27.26 30.54 16.63

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

216 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 89. Average Price of Underground Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Productivity Range

Coal-Producing (short tons per miner per hour)

State and Region

> = 16 8 to 16 4 to 8 2 to 4 0 to 2 Total

Alabama .................................................. −−− $37.55 $31.97 $35.58

Colorado .................................................. − $14.44 $22.36 21.47 − 16.30

Illinois ..................................................... − w 22.26 25.07 w 22.84

Indiana .................................................... − − w w − w

Kentucky Total ....................................... w $26.06 $23.26 $24.62 $25.41 $23.82

Eastern .................................................. w 26.06 24.27 24.82 25.41 24.59

Western ................................................ − − 21.69 w − 21.71

Maryland ................................................. − − w − − w

New Mexico ........................................... − − w − − w

Ohio ........................................................ − − $19.92 $42.08 − $31.50

Oklahoma ................................................ −−−− w w

Pennsylvania Total ................................. − 21.38 23.07 25.04 $34.29 $23.86

Anthracite ............................................. −−−− 40.86 40.86

Bituminous ........................................... − 21.38 23.07 25.04 33.75 23.78

Tennessee ................................................ − − w 27.28 26.00 w

Utah ......................................................... − 17.74 $16.52 18.89 17.18 $17.33

Virginia ................................................... − − 25.65 27.39 27.34 26.73

West Virginia Total................................ $19.22 27.70 26.10 25.83 26.65 26.21

Northern ............................................... 12.85 23.60 23.51 22.13 23.47 23.10

Southern ............................................... 21.50 27.79 27.75 27.80 27.84 27.66

Wyoming ................................................ − w −−− w

Appalachian Total1 .............................. 19.85 25.20 24.70 28.06 30.36 26.07

Interior Total1 ...................................... − 20.53 21.97 24.34 26.78 22.42

Western Total1...................................... − 16.19 18.25 19.80 17.18 16.95

East of Miss. River ............................... 19.85 25.03 24.00 27.61 30.32 25.39

West of Miss. River.............................. − 16.19 18.25 19.80 21.16 17.00

U.S. Total............................................... 19.85 20.47 23.61 27.46 29.95 24.33

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 217 
Table 90. Average Price of Surface Coal by State and Productivity Range, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Productivity Range

(short tons per miner per hour) Coal-Producing State and Region

> = 16 8 to 16 4 to 8 2 to 4 0 to 2 Total

Alabama .................................................. − − $29.89 $35.26 $37.48 $34.40

Alaska ..................................................... − − w − − w

Arizona .................................................... − − w − − w

Arkansas .................................................. −−−− w w

Colorado .................................................. − $18.34 $20.57 − − $19.27

Illinois ..................................................... − w 25.11 w $24.49 23.56

Indiana .................................................... − w 19.89 $19.06 w w

Kansas ..................................................... − w w − − w

Kentucky Total ....................................... $23.93 $22.96 $22.87 23.46 $22.70 $22.97

Eastern .................................................. 23.93 24.98 23.29 23.57 22.70 23.51

Western ................................................ − 17.31 20.02 17.31 − 19.25

Louisiana ................................................. − w −−− w

Maryland ................................................. − $24.71 − 26.05 w w

Mississippi .............................................. −−−− w w

Missouri .................................................. −−− www

Montana .................................................. 8.81 10.27 −−− $8.82

New Mexico ........................................... − w w − − w

North Dakota .......................................... 7.73 $10.62 −−− $8.01

Ohio ........................................................ − 19.50 $20.97 $30.59 $22.92 24.52

Oklahoma ................................................ − − w w − w

Pennsylvania Total ................................. 17.47 25.96 $21.85 $24.73 42.62 $25.07

Anthracite ............................................. 17.70 35.56 25.55 38.47 57.23 34.77

Bituminous ........................................... 16.35 17.69 21.72 22.87 24.76 21.90

Tennessee ................................................ − w w 28.46 28.00 w

Texas ....................................................... − $12.27 $13.73 30.40 − $12.46

Virginia ................................................... − 26.53 24.82 26.66 22.71 25.32

Washington ............................................. −−− w − w

West Virginia Total................................ 21.56 23.72 24.74 $23.92 25.34 $24.36

Northern ............................................... 15.41 21.26 27.09 22.68 25.35 22.29

Southern ............................................... 26.61 24.35 24.67 26.32 25.32 24.59

Wyoming ................................................ 4.74 15.31 w w − w

Appalachian Total1 .............................. 18.52 24.15 23.83 27.11 33.55 24.65

Interior Total1 ...................................... − 12.95 19.64 23.60 21.35 16.04

Western Total1...................................... 5.39 17.20 21.76 26.41 − 7.69

East of Miss. River ............................... 18.52 23.41 22.75 26.74 33.08 23.64

West of Miss. River.............................. 5.39 14.80 20.90 26.41 21.54 8.32

U.S. Total............................................... 5.47 16.80 22.37 26.69 32.83 12.37

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

218 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 91. Average Price by State and Disposition, 1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

 Coal-Producing Open Market1 Captive2

State and Region Total

Alabama ................................................................ w w 35.29

Alaska .................................................................... w − w

Arizona .................................................................. w − w

Arkansas ................................................................ w − w

Colorado ................................................................ w w 17.23

Illinois ................................................................... w w 22.90

Indiana ................................................................... 19.99 − 19.99

Kansas ................................................................... w − w

Kentucky Total ..................................................... 23.47 26.60 23.50

Eastern................................................................ 24.11 26.60 24.14

Western .............................................................. 21.15 − 21.15

Louisiana ............................................................... w − w

Maryland ............................................................... w w 23.27

Mississippi ............................................................ w − w

Missouri ................................................................ 21.75 − 21.75

Montana ................................................................ w w 8.82

New Mexico.......................................................... 20.97 − 20.97

North Dakota ........................................................ w w 8.01

Ohio....................................................................... 20.51 46.47 28.18

Oklahoma .............................................................. 26.70 − 26.70

Pennsylvania Total................................................ 24.28 20.97 24.14

Anthracite........................................................... 41.79 17.31 35.13

Bituminous ......................................................... 23.44 23.31 23.43

Tennessee .............................................................. 29.24 − 29.24

Texas ..................................................................... w w 12.46

Utah ....................................................................... w w 17.33

Virginia ................................................................. 26.43 23.61 26.30

Washington ........................................................... − w w

West Virginia Total .............................................. 25.59 25.21 25.57

Northern ............................................................. 23.55 13.73 22.98

Southern ............................................................. 26.23 29.09 26.39

Wyoming............................................................... 5.17 9.27 5.38

Appalachian Total3 ............................................ 25.27 31.15 25.58

Interior Total3..................................................... 20.91 12.24 18.52

Western Total3.................................................... 8.22 13.62 8.59

East of Miss. River ............................................. 24.51 30.06 24.77

West of Miss. River ............................................ 8.52 12.62 9.07

U.S. Total ............................................................. 16.61 16.88 16.63

1 Open Market includes all coal sold on the open market to other coal companies or consumers.

2 Captive includes all coal used by the producing company or sold to affiliated or parent companies.

3 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the total coal sold. Excludes

silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which

are not required to provide data.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’ and U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 219 
Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 221

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nominal Dollars per Short Ton

Electricity

Coke

Other Industrial

Figure 13. U.S. Coal Prices by Sector, 1990-1999

Consumer Prices

 Sources:  Electric Utilities: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), FERC Form 423, “Monthly

Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.”  Coke Plants: Energy Information Administration

(EIA), Form EIA-5, “Coke Plant Report % Quarterly.”  Industrial: Form EIA-3, “Quarterly Coal Consumption

Report % Manufacturing Plants.”
Table 92. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ $41.22 $42.94 $43.67 $43.55 $43.34 $47.38 −4.0 −1.2 −1.5

Connecticut.................................................... 45.85 47.59 50.02 50.05 49.33 56.35 −3.6 −1.8 −2.3

Massachusetts................................................ 45.63 42.30 42.72 42.64 42.63 45.30 7.9 1.7 .1

New Hampshire............................................. 39.79 42.35 42.62 42.23 41.67 47.39 −6.0 −1.1 −1.9

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 33.48 34.33 34.39 35.08 34.63 38.56 −2.5 −.8 −1.5

New Jersey .................................................... 38.23 41.71 45.94 45.53 47.17 48.37 −8.3 −5.1 −2.6

New York...................................................... 37.77 37.44 37.32 37.15 36.86 41.45 .9 .6 −1.0

Pennsylvania.................................................. 32.61 33.28 33.28 34.06 33.48 37.25 −2.0 −.7 −1.5

East North Central Total.............................. 26.60 27.51 27.68 28.29 29.67 33.17 −3.3 −2.7 −2.4

Illinois............................................................ 27.47 30.22 30.41 32.14 32.58 37.79 −9.1 −4.2 −3.5

Indiana ........................................................... 23.58 23.63 24.35 24.67 25.94 28.78 −.2 −2.3 −2.2

Michigan........................................................ 27.39 28.19 28.93 29.34 30.95 35.60 −2.8 −3.0 −2.9

Ohio ............................................................... 32.47 32.52 31.41 32.31 34.44 36.01 −.1 −1.4 −1.1

Wisconsin ...................................................... 18.66 19.97 20.43 19.55 21.23 26.18 −6.6 −3.2 −3.7

West North Central Total............................. 14.58 14.91 15.39 15.53 16.10 19.66 −2.3 −2.5 −3.3

Iowa ............................................................... 14.09 15.12 16.23 16.30 17.13 19.89 −6.8 −4.8 −3.8

Kansas............................................................ 16.47 17.06 17.91 17.51 17.83 22.23 −3.5 −2.0 −3.3

Minnesota ...................................................... 19.47 19.00 19.47 18.99 20.12 22.00 2.4 −.8 −1.3

Missouri......................................................... 16.56 16.40 16.80 17.31 18.14 28.03 1.0 −2.2 −5.7

Nebraska........................................................ 9.42 10.07 10.06 12.37 12.86 12.88 −6.4 −7.5 −3.4

North Dakota................................................. 9.56 10.01 10.21 9.72 9.65 9.10 −4.4 −.2 .5

South Dakota................................................. 16.16 16.19 15.99 16.94 14.35 13.97 −.1 3.0 1.6

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 34.84 35.58 36.34 36.68 38.25 41.86 −2.1 −2.3 −2.0

Delaware........................................................ 41.12 40.52 41.05 41.51 42.27 47.31 1.5 −.7 −1.5

Florida............................................................ 39.08 40.03 41.82 42.40 43.93 45.72 −2.4 −2.9 −1.7

Georgia .......................................................... 36.29 36.31 37.28 36.54 38.62 42.48 −.1 −1.5 −1.7

Maryland........................................................ 35.69 37.63 38.75 38.49 39.00 41.96 −5.1 −2.2 −1.8

North Carolina............................................... 35.80 35.66 35.35 36.87 40.57 44.64 .4 −3.1 −2.4

South Carolina............................................... 36.29 37.05 37.21 37.54 38.86 43.54 −2.1 −1.7 −2.0

Virginia.......................................................... 34.11 34.73 34.98 35.73 36.90 39.29 −1.8 −1.9 −1.5

West Virginia ................................................ 29.22 30.06 30.68 30.93 31.61 36.66 −2.8 −1.9 −2.5

East South Central Total .............................. 28.03 29.10 28.70 29.35 30.08 33.98 −3.7 −1.8 −2.1

Alabama......................................................... 32.36 36.28 35.58 36.39 37.00 44.58 −10.8 −3.3 −3.5

Kentucky........................................................ 24.52 24.52 24.20 24.43 25.71 27.58 * −1.2 −1.3

Mississippi..................................................... 34.34 32.51 32.44 33.31 34.40 41.49 5.6 * −2.1

Tennessee ...................................................... 26.32 26.39 26.67 27.64 27.94 32.12 −.3 −1.5 −2.2

West South Central Total ............................. 18.86 19.34 19.69 20.13 20.66 22.91 −2.4 −2.3 −2.1

Arkansas ........................................................ 25.19 25.53 28.56 26.15 27.99 28.17 −1.3 −2.6 −1.2

Louisiana ....................................................... 22.79 23.15 23.97 24.74 25.13 27.78 −1.5 −2.4 −2.2

Oklahoma ...................................................... 15.73 15.74 15.87 16.79 17.00 24.98 −.1 −1.9 −5.0

Texas.............................................................. 18.01 18.61 18.69 19.26 19.65 21.19 −3.2 −2.1 −1.8

Mountain Total............................................... 20.69 20.83 21.52 21.82 21.51 22.19 −.6 −1.0 −.8

Arizona .......................................................... 27.21 27.12 28.95 29.55 28.65 29.98 .3 −1.3 −1.1

Colorado ........................................................ 19.20 19.41 19.93 20.24 20.73 20.81 −1.0 −1.9 −.9

Montana......................................................... 12.26 11.36 11.52 11.90 11.47 11.47 7.9 1.7 .7

Nevada........................................................... 29.13 29.07 31.10 30.44 29.02 33.16 .2 .1 −1.4

New Mexico.................................................. 24.27 23.72 24.23 26.04 25.59 24.03 2.3 −1.3 .1

Utah ............................................................... 23.96 25.97 25.22 24.66 25.27 26.80 −7.8 −1.3 −1.2

Wyoming ....................................................... 13.39 13.83 14.16 14.30 14.29 14.74 −3.2 −1.6 −1.0

Pacific Total.................................................... 23.77 23.07 25.19 23.96 22.83 24.42 3.0 1.0 −.3

Oregon ........................................................... 19.34 18.92 19.95 18.81 18.79 18.02 2.2 .7 .8

Washington.................................................... 25.65 24.44 26.15 24.91 23.74 25.64 5.0 1.9 *

U.S. Total ........................................................ 24.72 25.64 26.16 26.45 27.01 30.45 −3.5 −2.2 −2.3

* Data round to zero.

Note: Average prices are based on the cost including insurance and freight.

Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

222 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 93. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by

Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ $39.40 $41.64 $42.85 $43.55 $44.18 $54.77 −5.4 −2.8 −3.6

Connecticut.................................................... 43.83 46.15 49.09 50.05 50.28 65.14 −5.0 −3.4 −4.3

Massachusetts................................................ 43.62 41.02 41.92 42.64 43.46 52.36 6.3 .1 −2.0

New Hampshire............................................. 38.04 41.07 41.82 42.23 42.47 54.78 −7.4 −2.7 −4.0

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 32.01 33.29 33.74 35.08 35.30 44.57 −3.9 −2.4 −3.6

New Jersey .................................................... 36.55 40.45 45.08 45.53 48.08 55.92 −9.6 −6.6 −4.6

New York...................................................... 36.11 36.31 36.62 37.15 37.57 47.91 −.6 −1.0 −3.1

Pennsylvania.................................................. 31.17 32.28 32.66 34.06 34.13 43.06 −3.4 −2.2 −3.5

East North Central Total.............................. 25.43 26.68 27.16 28.29 30.24 38.34 −4.7 −4.2 −4.5

Illinois............................................................ 26.26 29.30 29.84 32.14 33.21 43.68 −10.4 −5.7 −5.5

Indiana ........................................................... 22.54 22.91 23.89 24.67 26.44 33.26 −1.6 −3.9 −4.2

Michigan........................................................ 26.19 27.34 28.39 29.34 31.55 41.15 −4.2 −4.5 −4.9

Ohio ............................................................... 31.04 31.54 30.82 32.31 35.10 41.63 −1.6 −3.0 −3.2

Wisconsin ...................................................... 17.84 19.37 20.05 19.55 21.64 30.27 −7.9 −4.7 −5.7

West North Central Total............................. 13.93 14.46 15.10 15.53 16.42 22.73 −3.7 −4.0 −5.3

Iowa ............................................................... 13.47 14.67 15.92 16.30 17.46 22.99 −8.1 −6.3 −5.8

Kansas............................................................ 15.74 16.55 17.57 17.51 18.18 25.70 −4.9 −3.5 −5.3

Minnesota ...................................................... 18.61 18.43 19.11 18.99 20.51 25.44 1.0 −2.4 −3.4

Missouri......................................................... 15.83 15.90 16.49 17.31 18.49 32.40 −.4 −3.8 −7.6

Nebraska........................................................ 9.01 9.76 9.87 12.37 13.11 14.89 −7.8 −9.0 −5.4

North Dakota................................................. 9.14 9.71 10.02 9.72 9.84 10.52 −5.8 −1.8 −1.5

South Dakota................................................. 15.45 15.70 15.69 16.94 14.63 16.15 −1.6 1.4 −.5

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 33.31 34.51 35.65 36.68 38.99 48.39 −3.5 −3.9 −4.1

Delaware........................................................ 39.31 39.30 40.28 41.51 43.09 54.69 * −2.3 −3.6

Florida............................................................ 37.35 38.82 41.04 42.40 44.78 52.85 −3.8 −4.4 −3.8

Georgia .......................................................... 34.69 35.22 36.58 36.54 39.36 49.11 −1.5 −3.1 −3.8

Maryland........................................................ 34.12 36.49 38.02 38.49 39.75 48.50 −6.5 −3.7 −3.8

North Carolina............................................... 34.22 34.58 34.69 36.87 41.35 51.61 −1.0 −4.6 −4.5

South Carolina............................................... 34.69 35.93 36.51 37.54 39.61 50.33 −3.5 −3.3 −4.0

Virginia.......................................................... 32.61 33.69 34.33 35.73 37.62 45.42 −3.2 −3.5 −3.6

West Virginia ................................................ 27.93 29.16 30.10 30.93 32.22 42.37 −4.2 −3.5 −4.5

East South Central Total .............................. 26.79 28.22 28.16 29.35 30.67 39.28 −5.0 −3.3 −4.2

Alabama......................................................... 30.94 35.18 34.91 36.39 37.71 51.53 −12.1 −4.8 −5.5

Kentucky........................................................ 23.44 23.78 23.75 24.43 26.20 31.88 −1.4 −2.8 −3.4

Mississippi..................................................... 32.83 31.53 31.83 33.31 35.07 47.96 4.1 −1.6 −4.1

Tennessee ...................................................... 25.16 25.60 26.17 27.64 28.49 37.13 −1.7 −3.0 −4.2

West South Central Total ............................. 18.03 18.75 19.32 20.13 21.06 26.49 −3.8 −3.8 −4.2

Arkansas ........................................................ 24.08 24.76 28.02 26.15 28.53 32.56 −2.7 −4.1 −3.3

Louisiana ....................................................... 21.78 22.45 23.52 24.74 25.61 32.11 −2.9 −4.0 −4.2

Oklahoma ...................................................... 15.04 15.27 15.57 16.79 17.33 28.87 −1.5 −3.5 −7.0

Texas.............................................................. 17.22 18.05 18.34 19.26 20.03 24.50 −4.6 −3.7 −3.8

Mountain Total............................................... 19.78 20.20 21.11 21.82 21.92 25.65 −2.1 −2.5 −2.8

Arizona .......................................................... 26.01 26.30 28.40 29.55 29.21 34.65 −1.1 −2.8 −3.1

Colorado ........................................................ 18.36 18.82 19.56 20.24 21.13 24.05 −2.5 −3.4 −2.9

Montana......................................................... 11.72 11.02 11.30 11.90 11.69 13.26 6.3 .1 −1.4

Nevada........................................................... 27.84 28.20 30.51 30.44 29.58 38.33 −1.3 −1.5 −3.5

New Mexico.................................................. 23.20 23.01 23.78 26.04 26.09 27.78 .8 −2.9 −2.0

Utah ............................................................... 22.90 25.19 24.74 24.66 25.76 30.98 −9.1 −2.9 −3.3

Wyoming ....................................................... 12.80 13.41 13.89 14.30 14.56 17.03 −4.6 −3.2 −3.1

Pacific Total.................................................... 22.72 22.37 24.72 23.96 23.27 28.22 1.6 −.6 −2.4

Oregon ........................................................... 18.49 18.35 19.58 18.81 19.16 20.83 .8 −.9 −1.3

Washington.................................................... 24.52 23.70 25.66 24.91 24.20 29.64 3.5 .3 −2.1

U.S. Total ........................................................ 23.63 24.86 25.67 26.45 27.53 35.20 −4.9 −3.7 −4.3

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices

are based on the cost including insurance and freight.

Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 223 
Table 94. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants By Census

Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w w w $57.36 $56.90 $65.11 w w w

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

New Hampshire............................................. − − − − w w −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $35.65 w w w w w w w w

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New York...................................................... w w w $40.11 $41.91 $44.07 w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. $33.63 $34.33 $34.20 33.84 34.07 36.61 −2.0 −0.3 −0.9

East North Central Total.............................. 33.34 33.22 33.53 34.44 34.89 36.16 .4 −1.1 −.9

Illinois............................................................ 29.62 29.46 29.76 29.69 29.03 31.28 .5 .5 −.6

Indiana ........................................................... 30.33 30.21 29.75 31.76 33.14 32.83 .4 −2.2 −.9

Michigan........................................................ 40.05 40.40 41.94 41.28 41.18 43.39 −.9 −.7 −.9

Ohio ............................................................... 34.44 33.52 34.05 35.28 35.18 35.04 2.8 −.5 −.2

Wisconsin ...................................................... 38.99 40.42 40.03 40.02 40.21 43.41 −3.5 −.8 −1.2

West North Central Total............................. 18.78 18.72 19.02 19.05 18.92 18.41 .3 −.2 .2

Iowa ............................................................... 28.22 28.19 28.92 29.32 29.24 30.26 .1 −.9 −.8

Kansas............................................................ 33.01 31.08 31.93 32.46 32.42 28.69 6.2 .4 1.6

Minnesota ...................................................... 31.02 29.70 31.03 28.85 34.40 36.63 4.4 −2.5 −1.8

Missouri......................................................... 29.87 30.48 30.06 31.37 32.81 30.18 −2.0 −2.3 −.1

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. $25.71 $23.99 $23.36 $24.90 $22.21 $16.20 7.1 3.7 5.3

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ $42.62 $44.62 $45.13 $45.69 $46.63 $47.22 −4.5 −2.2 −1.1

Georgia .......................................................... 44.12 44.54 44.84 44.21 44.64 44.90 −.9 −.3 −.2

Maryland........................................................ 32.00 32.41 32.62 32.52 31.66 28.71 −1.2 .3 1.2

North Carolina............................................... 41.68 42.72 43.14 43.36 43.29 44.86 −2.4 −.9 −.8

South Carolina............................................... 44.13 44.03 44.23 44.08 43.16 43.79 .2 .5 .1

Virginia.......................................................... 42.93 43.60 43.85 43.51 42.50 41.05 −1.5 .3 .5

West Virginia ................................................ 37.86 48.24 35.31 33.37 33.61 31.88 −21.5 3.0 1.9

East South Central Total .............................. w w w w w ww w w

Alabama......................................................... $39.81 $39.49 $40.20 $40.15 $39.53 $40.58 .8 .2 −.2

Kentucky........................................................ 42.72 43.66 44.71 44.02 44.09 45.81 −2.1 −.8 −.8

Mississippi..................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... $35.26 $36.62 $36.33 $35.21 $35.68 $35.16 −3.7 −.3 *

West South Central Total ............................. 22.87 22.91 22.42 21.79 22.04 21.28 −.2 .9 .8

Arkansas ........................................................ 43.08 41.58 42.38 43.24 43.52 45.39 3.6 −.3 −.6

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Texas.............................................................. $21.01 $21.05 $20.13 $18.99 $18.76 $16.79 −.2 2.9 2.5

Mountain Total............................................... w w 27.14 26.70 27.06 28.75 w w w

Arizona .......................................................... $39.88 $38.67 38.81 39.27 40.46 39.54 3.1 −.4 .1

Colorado ........................................................ 23.99 23.75 25.13 23.17 26.11 26.93 1.0 −2.1 −1.3

Idaho.............................................................. w w 34.57 36.39 34.11 31.78 12.3 w w

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... $21.53 $19.05 $19.28 $19.10 $19.74 $28.49 13.0 2.2 −3.1

Wyoming ....................................................... 24.26 24.10 23.68 22.32 22.72 24.91 .6 1.6 −.3

Pacific Total.................................................... 41.08 43.12 43.24 42.45 43.68 45.96 −4.7 −1.5 −1.2

California....................................................... 39.82 41.02 40.14 39.54 41.11 45.11 −2.9 −.8 −1.4

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... − w w w w w −− −

Washington.................................................... w w $59.80 $58.81 $59.15 $55.63 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $31.59 $32.30 32.41 32.32 32.42 33.59 −2.2 −.6 −.7

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Price data are for manufacturing plants only. Average prices are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption - Manufacturing Plants.’’

224 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 95. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants by

Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w w w $57.36 $58.00 $75.26 w w w

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

New Hampshire............................................. − − − − w w −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $34.08 w w w w w w w w

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New York...................................................... w w w $40.11 $42.72 $50.94 w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. $32.15 $33.29 $33.56 33.84 34.73 42.32 −3.4 −1.9 −3.0

East North Central Total.............................. 31.87 32.22 32.90 34.44 35.56 41.80 −1.0 −2.7 −3.0

Illinois............................................................ 28.31 28.57 29.20 29.69 29.59 36.16 −.9 −1.1 −2.7

Indiana ........................................................... 29.00 29.30 29.20 31.76 33.78 37.95 −1.0 −3.7 −2.9

Michigan........................................................ 38.29 39.19 41.15 41.28 41.98 50.16 −2.3 −2.3 −2.9

Ohio ............................................................... 32.92 32.50 33.41 35.28 35.86 40.50 1.3 −2.1 −2.3

Wisconsin ...................................................... 37.27 39.20 39.27 40.02 40.99 50.18 −4.9 −2.3 −3.3

West North Central Total............................. 17.96 18.16 18.67 19.05 19.29 21.28 −1.1 −1.8 −1.9

Iowa ............................................................... 26.97 27.34 28.38 29.32 29.80 34.98 −1.3 −2.5 −2.8

Kansas............................................................ 31.56 30.14 31.33 32.46 33.05 33.16 4.7 −1.1 −.5

Minnesota ...................................................... 29.65 28.81 30.45 28.85 35.06 42.34 2.9 −4.1 −3.9

Missouri......................................................... 28.55 29.56 29.50 31.37 33.45 34.89 −3.4 −3.9 −2.2

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. $24.57 $23.27 $22.92 $24.90 $22.64 $18.73 5.6 2.1 3.1

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ $40.74 $43.27 $44.28 $45.69 $47.54 $54.59 −5.8 −3.8 −3.2

Georgia .......................................................... 42.18 43.20 44.00 44.21 45.50 51.90 −2.3 −1.9 −2.3

Maryland........................................................ 30.59 31.43 32.01 32.52 32.27 33.18 −2.7 −1.3 −.9

North Carolina............................................... 39.84 41.43 42.33 43.36 44.13 51.86 −3.8 −2.5 −2.9

South Carolina............................................... 42.18 42.70 43.40 44.08 44.00 50.62 −1.2 −1.0 −2.0

Virginia.......................................................... 41.04 42.29 43.03 43.51 43.32 47.45 −2.9 −1.3 −1.6

West Virginia ................................................ 36.19 46.79 34.64 33.37 34.26 36.85 −22.7 1.4 −.2

East South Central Total .............................. w w w w w ww w w

Alabama......................................................... $38.06 $38.30 $39.45 $40.15 $40.30 $46.90 −.6 −1.4 −2.3

Kentucky........................................................ 40.84 42.34 43.87 44.02 44.94 52.95 −3.5 −2.4 −2.8

Mississippi..................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... $33.71 $35.52 $35.65 $35.21 $36.37 $40.64 −5.1 −1.9 −2.0

West South Central Total ............................. 21.86 22.22 22.00 21.79 22.46 24.60 −1.6 −.7 −1.3

Arkansas ........................................................ 41.18 40.32 41.58 43.24 44.36 52.47 2.1 −1.8 −2.6

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Texas.............................................................. $20.08 $20.41 $19.75 $18.99 $19.12 $19.41 −1.6 1.2 .4

Mountain Total............................................... w w 26.63 26.70 27.59 33.23 w w w

Arizona .......................................................... $38.12 $37.51 38.08 39.27 41.24 45.71 1.6 −1.9 −2.0

Colorado ........................................................ 22.93 23.03 24.66 23.17 26.61 31.13 −.4 −3.6 −3.3

Idaho.............................................................. w w 33.92 36.39 34.77 36.73 10.7 w w

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... $20.58 $18.47 $18.92 $19.10 $20.12 $32.93 11.4 .6 −5.1

Wyoming ....................................................... 23.19 23.37 23.24 22.32 23.16 28.80 −.8 * −2.4

Pacific Total.................................................... 39.27 41.82 42.43 42.45 44.53 53.12 −6.1 −3.1 −3.3

California....................................................... 38.07 39.78 39.39 39.54 41.91 52.15 −4.3 −2.4 −3.4

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... − w w w w w −− −

Washington.................................................... w w $58.68 $58.81 $60.30 $64.30 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $30.20 $31.33 31.80 32.32 33.05 38.83 −3.6 −2.2 −2.8

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Price data are for manufacturing plants only. Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators.

See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption - Manufacturing Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 225 
Table 96. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $44.33 $44.16 w w w w 0.4 w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w w $46.20 $45.16 $46.11 $45.78 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. $47.74 $48.39 49.12 49.54 49.09 48.81 −1.3 −0.7 −0.2

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w w $50.75 $51.93 $52.74 $49.39 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w w $46.89 $44.98 $42.18 $48.29 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Maryland........................................................ − − − − − w −− −

Virginia.......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. $45.28 $46.43 w w w w −2.5 w w

Alabama......................................................... w w $50.04 $49.37 $48.42 $48.93 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $45.85 $46.06 $47.61 $47.33 $47.34 $47.73 −.4 −.8 −.4

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Note: Average prices are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

Table 97. Average Real Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census

Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $42.38 $42.82 w w w w −1.0 w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w w $45.33 $45.16 $47.00 $52.92 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. $45.64 $46.93 48.20 49.54 50.05 56.43 −2.7 −2.3 −2.3

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w w $49.80 $51.93 $53.76 $57.09 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w w $46.01 $44.98 $43.00 $55.83 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Maryland........................................................ − − − − − w −− −

Virginia.......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. $43.28 $45.03 w w w w −3.9 w w

Alabama......................................................... w w $49.10 $49.37 $49.36 $56.56 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $43.83 $44.67 $46.72 $47.33 $48.26 $55.17 −1.9 −2.4 −2.5

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices

are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

226 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Import/Export Prices

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 227 
Table 98. Average Price of U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of

Origin, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Origin 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $34.23 $35.38 $38.11 $36.51 $36.87 $24.56 −3.2 −1.8 3.8

Canada ........................................................... 35.03 35.40 38.11 36.52 36.94 24.45 −1.0 −1.3 4.1

Mexico........................................................... 21.93 20.87 − 33.43 20.87 38.36 5.1 1.2 −6.0

South America Total...................................... 29.98 31.16 32.49 31.53 32.38 37.59 −3.8 −1.9 −2.5

Colombia ....................................................... 29.17 31.21 32.11 31.90 31.26 36.87 −6.5 −1.7 −2.6

Venezuela ...................................................... 31.99 31.09 33.26 30.87 34.70 41.50 2.9 −2.0 −2.8

Europe Total................................................... 29.48 36.80 49.22 − 25.70 37.17 −19.9 3.5 −2.5

Denmark ........................................................ − − − − − 36.35 − −−100.0

Norway .......................................................... − − 49.45 − − −− − −

Spain.............................................................. − 36.48 − − − − −100.0 − −

Switzerland.................................................... − − 41.20 − − −− − −

United Kingdom............................................ 29.48 42.03 − − 25.70 37.19 −29.8 3.5 −2.5

Asia Total........................................................ 43.14 34.13 33.05 32.45 35.13 − 26.4 5.3 −

China (Mainland) .......................................... 42.65 − − − − −− − −

Indonesia........................................................ 43.15 34.13 32.82 32.45 35.13 − 26.4 5.3 −

Vietnam ......................................................... − − 49.09 − − −− − −

Oceania & Australia Total............................ 27.26 31.89 33.47 33.41 33.57 41.73 −14.5 −5.1 −4.6

Australia ........................................................ 27.26 31.89 33.47 33.41 30.99 41.73 −14.5 −3.1 −4.6

New Zealand ................................................. − − − − 46.42 − −−100.0 −

Total1............................................................... 31.50 32.19 33.50 32.67 33.60 33.43 −2.1 −1.6 −.7

U.S. Total2 ...................................................... 30.77 32.18 34.32 33.78 34.05 34.45 −4.4 −2.5 −1.2

1 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal imports and fall within

the range of $20 to $55 per short ton, inclusively.

2 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal imports.

Notes: Average price is based on the customs import value. Coal imports include coal to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’

228 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 99. Average Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $28.74 $28.48 $30.57 $33.09 $34.05 $32.75 0.9 −4.1 −1.4

Canada1 ......................................................... 27.69 27.65 29.16 32.23 33.49 32.66 .1 −4.6 −1.8

Mexico........................................................... 43.13 38.61 41.31 39.70 39.96 38.12 11.7 1.9 1.4

Other2............................................................ 36.16 37.38 38.08 38.03 34.29 34.18 −3.3 1.3 .6

South America Total...................................... 39.31 42.82 43.94 43.81 43.46 46.30 −8.2 −2.5 −1.8

Brazil ............................................................. 39.41 42.85 44.12 44.67 43.88 46.88 −8.0 −2.6 −1.9

Other2............................................................ 32.66 42.36 42.14 36.09 39.06 43.05 −22.9 −4.4 −3.0

Europe Total................................................... 41.10 43.28 43.02 42.10 40.92 44.18 −5.0 .1 −.8

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 43.86 46.38 45.71 45.73 43.47 45.05 −5.4 .2 −.3

Bulgaria ......................................................... 41.63 44.57 46.42 44.26 44.04 49.24 −6.6 −1.4 −1.8

Finland........................................................... 37.00 40.50 41.63 42.11 39.47 44.72 −8.6 −1.6 −2.1

France ............................................................ 42.71 46.07 45.96 44.94 43.71 43.00 −7.3 −.6 −.1

Germany, FR................................................. 31.64 35.49 44.59 41.08 34.99 42.81 −10.8 −2.5 −3.3

Iceland ........................................................... 54.30 55.88 59.33 57.49 56.04 48.24 −2.8 −.8 1.3

Ireland............................................................ 29.92 36.38 37.99 37.35 36.07 39.05 −17.7 −4.5 −2.9

Italy................................................................ 46.28 46.53 45.54 45.05 44.14 44.95 −.5 1.2 .3

Netherlands.................................................... 39.93 45.26 44.97 41.36 41.97 42.93 −11.8 −1.2 −.8

Norway .......................................................... 54.50 55.80 58.38 57.05 56.42 54.02 −2.3 −.9 .1

Portugal.......................................................... 32.96 38.03 36.76 36.53 36.46 40.80 −13.3 −2.5 −2.3

Romania......................................................... 39.26 42.31 44.58 46.95 42.43 47.90 −7.2 −1.9 −2.2

Spain.............................................................. 39.05 42.89 37.01 37.56 34.75 47.87 −8.9 3.0 −2.2

Sweden .......................................................... 45.26 47.16 48.19 47.50 48.21 48.40 −4.0 −1.6 −.7

Turkey............................................................ 38.50 44.92 46.07 44.33 42.61 46.13 −14.3 −2.5 −2.0

United Kingdom............................................ 40.74 39.01 39.30 38.90 40.92 47.34 4.4 −.1 −1.6

Other2............................................................ 40.00 34.03 31.78 30.15 29.63 37.32 17.5 7.8 .8

Asia Total........................................................ 36.33 39.37 39.73 39.57 39.10 43.37 −7.7 −1.8 −1.9

China (Taiwan).............................................. 34.44 36.29 36.75 36.86 36.95 38.64 −5.1 −1.7 −1.3

Israel .............................................................. 31.81 33.50 36.81 36.40 35.79 39.42 −5.0 −2.9 −2.3

Japan.............................................................. 35.79 38.59 39.00 39.41 39.14 44.33 −7.3 −2.2 −2.3

Korea, Republic of........................................ 39.48 44.79 43.98 42.72 40.97 46.43 −11.9 −.9 −1.8

Other2............................................................ 50.10 45.76 36.33 48.89 30.41 38.91 9.5 13.3 2.8

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 48.03 40.79 40.71 39.87 34.74 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Other2............................................................ − 48.03 40.79 40.71 39.87 34.74 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 48.53 45.52 48.50 44.36 43.07 41.36 6.6 3.0 1.8

Algeria ........................................................... 42.78 43.77 46.64 50.23 47.80 48.42 −2.3 −2.7 −1.4

Egypt.............................................................. 56.23 43.59 51.29 53.37 49.36 47.04 29.0 3.3 2.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 48.15 48.13 48.66 49.55 47.38 50.21 * .4 −.5

Other2............................................................ − 32.31 32.22 33.93 33.00 31.34 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Total3............................................................... 35.91 38.55 40.24 40.53 40.03 42.42 −6.8 −2.7 −1.8

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 36.50 38.89 40.55 40.76 40.27 42.63 −6.1 −2.4 −1.7

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Average price is based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 229 
Table 100. Average Real Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination,

1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $27.47 $27.63 $30.00 $33.09 $34.71 $37.86 −0.5 −5.7 −3.5

Canada1 ......................................................... 26.48 26.82 28.62 32.23 34.14 37.76 −1.3 −6.1 −3.9

Mexico........................................................... 41.24 37.45 40.54 39.70 40.73 44.07 10.1 .3 −.7

Other2............................................................ 34.57 36.26 37.37 38.03 34.96 39.52 −4.6 −.3 −1.5

South America Total...................................... 37.58 41.53 43.13 43.81 44.30 53.53 −9.5 −4.0 −3.8

Brazil ............................................................. 37.67 41.57 43.30 44.67 44.73 54.20 −9.3 −4.2 −4.0

Other2............................................................ 31.22 41.09 41.35 36.09 39.82 49.77 −24.0 −5.9 −5.0

Europe Total................................................... 39.29 41.98 42.22 42.10 41.71 51.07 −6.4 −1.5 −2.9

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 41.93 44.98 44.85 45.73 44.31 52.08 −6.8 −1.4 −2.4

Bulgaria ......................................................... 39.80 43.23 45.55 44.26 44.89 56.92 −7.9 −3.0 −3.9

Finland........................................................... 35.37 39.28 40.86 42.11 40.24 51.70 −9.9 −3.2 −4.1

France ............................................................ 40.83 44.68 45.10 44.94 44.56 49.71 −8.6 −2.2 −2.2

Germany, FR................................................. 30.25 34.42 43.76 41.08 35.67 49.49 −12.1 −4.0 −5.3

Iceland ........................................................... 51.92 54.20 58.22 57.49 57.13 55.77 −4.2 −2.4 −.8

Ireland............................................................ 28.61 35.29 37.28 37.35 36.76 45.15 −18.9 −6.1 −4.9

Italy................................................................ 44.25 45.13 44.69 45.05 45.00 51.96 −1.9 −.4 −1.8

Netherlands.................................................... 38.17 43.90 44.13 41.36 42.78 49.63 −13.0 −2.8 −2.9

Norway .......................................................... 52.10 54.13 57.29 57.05 57.51 62.45 −3.7 −2.4 −2.0

Portugal.......................................................... 31.52 36.89 36.08 36.53 37.16 47.16 −14.6 −4.0 −4.4

Romania......................................................... 37.53 41.04 43.75 46.95 43.25 55.37 −8.5 −3.5 −4.2

Spain.............................................................. 37.33 41.60 36.32 37.56 35.42 55.34 −10.3 1.3 −4.3

Sweden .......................................................... 43.27 45.74 47.30 47.50 49.14 55.95 −5.4 −3.1 −2.8

Turkey............................................................ 36.81 43.57 45.21 44.33 43.44 53.33 −15.5 −4.0 −4.0

United Kingdom............................................ 38.95 37.84 38.57 38.90 41.71 54.73 2.9 −1.7 −3.7

Other2............................................................ 38.24 33.00 31.18 30.15 30.20 43.14 15.9 6.1 −1.3

Asia Total........................................................ 34.73 38.19 38.98 39.57 39.86 50.14 −9.0 −3.4 −4.0

China (Taiwan).............................................. 32.92 35.20 36.07 36.86 37.67 44.67 −6.5 −3.3 −3.3

Israel .............................................................. 30.41 32.50 36.13 36.40 36.48 45.57 −6.4 −4.4 −4.4

Japan.............................................................. 34.21 37.43 38.27 39.41 39.90 51.24 −8.6 −3.8 −4.4

Korea, Republic of........................................ 37.74 43.45 43.16 42.72 41.77 53.67 −13.1 −2.5 −3.8

Other2............................................................ 47.90 44.39 35.66 48.89 31.00 44.99 7.9 11.5 .7

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 46.58 40.03 40.71 40.64 40.16 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Other2............................................................ − 46.58 40.03 40.71 40.64 40.16 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 46.39 44.15 47.60 44.36 43.90 47.82 5.1 1.4 −.3

Algeria ........................................................... 40.89 42.46 45.77 50.23 48.72 55.98 −3.7 −4.3 −3.4

Egypt.............................................................. 53.75 42.28 50.33 53.37 50.32 54.38 27.1 1.7 −.1

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 46.04 46.68 47.76 49.55 48.30 58.05 −1.4 −1.2 −2.5

Other2............................................................ − 31.34 31.62 33.93 33.63 36.23 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Total3............................................................... 34.33 37.39 39.49 40.53 40.81 49.04 −8.2 −4.2 −3.9

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 34.90 37.72 39.80 40.76 41.05 49.28 −7.5 −4.0 −3.8

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 (nominal) per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices

are based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

230 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 101. Average Price of U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by Destination,

1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $32.63 $34.44 $35.39 $36.79 $37.25 $37.94 −5.3 −3.3 −1.7

Canada1 ......................................................... 32.63 34.38 34.10 35.99 36.55 37.93 −5.1 −2.8 −1.7

Mexico........................................................... 49.80 50.28 49.86 47.36 46.90 43.67 −.9 1.5 1.5

Other2............................................................ − − − − − 49.93 − −−100.0

South America Total...................................... 39.42 42.96 44.32 44.61 43.66 46.89 −8.3 −2.5 −1.9

Brazil ............................................................. 39.41 42.86 44.15 44.73 43.89 46.95 −8.0 −2.6 −1.9

Other2............................................................ 44.51 44.85 48.88 41.11 40.34 46.38 −.8 2.5 −.4

Europe Total................................................... 44.14 46.84 47.60 47.68 46.02 47.45 −5.8 −1.0 −.8

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 44.00 47.34 48.34 48.68 45.97 47.98 −7.1 −1.1 −.9

Bulgaria ......................................................... 41.63 44.57 46.42 43.36 44.04 49.44 −6.6 −1.4 −1.9

Finland........................................................... 37.00 40.50 43.37 44.21 42.65 44.72 −8.6 −3.5 −2.1

France ............................................................ 42.76 46.35 47.20 47.13 45.08 45.29 −7.7 −1.3 −.6

Germany, FR................................................. 42.59 46.41 47.84 49.87 47.52 46.63 −8.2 −2.7 −1.0

Iceland ........................................................... 54.30 55.88 59.33 57.43 56.04 50.67 −2.8 −.8 .8

Ireland............................................................ − − 37.42 − − −− − −

Italy................................................................ 46.28 48.02 48.85 47.90 46.61 47.88 −3.6 −.2 −.4

Netherlands.................................................... 43.46 46.88 47.10 47.29 46.56 47.12 −7.3 −1.7 −.9

Norway .......................................................... 54.50 55.70 58.38 57.05 56.42 55.00 −2.1 −.9 −.1

Portugal.......................................................... 41.64 45.49 44.31 45.20 46.45 45.79 −8.5 −2.7 −1.0

Romania......................................................... 39.26 42.31 45.31 46.95 43.02 47.90 −7.2 −2.3 −2.2

Spain.............................................................. 46.61 48.62 49.23 50.92 49.02 48.97 −4.1 −1.3 −.5

Sweden .......................................................... 45.26 47.16 48.19 48.20 48.20 48.77 −4.0 −1.6 −.8

Turkey............................................................ 38.50 44.93 46.08 44.54 43.28 46.16 −14.3 −2.9 −2.0

United Kingdom............................................ 44.68 47.74 48.49 49.08 47.22 48.49 −6.4 −1.4 −.9

Other2............................................................ − − − − − 45.50 − −−100.0

Asia Total........................................................ 42.25 43.59 43.64 43.45 42.38 46.24 −3.1 −.1 −1.0

China (Taiwan).............................................. 37.19 42.54 42.95 45.24 44.48 47.48 −12.6 −4.4 −2.7

Israel .............................................................. − 35.69 39.79 40.91 40.91 43.64 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Japan.............................................................. 40.33 42.29 41.68 42.19 41.14 45.67 −4.6 −.5 −1.4

Korea, Republic of........................................ 45.00 46.75 47.68 46.08 45.98 48.11 −3.7 −.5 −.7

Other2............................................................ 56.93 57.72 57.41 59.36 − −−1.4 − −

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 55.11 −−− 27.24 −100.0 − −100.0

Other2 ............................................................ − 55.11 −−− 27.24 −100.0 − −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 48.53 45.92 49.69 50.87 48.52 47.75 5.7 * .2

Algeria ........................................................... 42.78 43.77 46.64 50.23 47.80 48.42 −2.3 −2.7 −1.4

Egypt.............................................................. 56.23 43.60 51.31 53.38 49.38 47.05 29.0 3.3 2.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 48.15 48.13 48.66 49.55 47.38 50.21 * .4 −.5

Other2............................................................ − − − 30.30 − −− − −

Total3............................................................... 41.86 44.48 45.36 45.40 44.24 46.46 −5.9 −1.4 −1.1

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 41.91 44.58 45.45 45.49 44.30 46.51 −6.0 −1.4 −1.1

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Average price is based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 231 
Table 102. Average Real Price of U.S. Metallurgical Coal Exports by

Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $31.19 $33.40 $34.73 $36.79 $37.98 $43.86 −6.6 −4.8 −3.7

Canada1 ......................................................... 31.19 33.35 33.46 35.99 37.26 43.85 −6.5 −4.3 −3.7

Mexico........................................................... 47.61 48.76 48.93 47.36 47.81 50.48 −2.4 −.1 −.6

Other2............................................................ − − − − − 57.72 − −−100.0

South America Total...................................... 37.68 41.67 43.49 44.61 44.51 54.20 −9.6 −4.1 −3.9

Brazil ............................................................. 37.68 41.57 43.33 44.73 44.74 54.28 −9.4 −4.2 −4.0

Other2............................................................ 42.55 43.50 47.97 41.11 41.12 53.62 −2.2 .8 −2.5

Europe Total................................................... 42.20 45.43 46.72 47.68 46.91 54.86 −7.1 −2.6 −2.9

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 42.06 45.92 47.43 48.68 46.86 55.47 −8.4 −2.7 −3.0

Bulgaria ......................................................... 39.80 43.23 45.55 43.36 44.89 57.16 −7.9 −3.0 −3.9

Finland........................................................... 35.37 39.28 42.56 44.21 43.47 51.70 −9.9 −5.0 −4.1

France ............................................................ 40.88 44.96 46.32 47.13 45.96 52.36 −9.1 −2.9 −2.7

Germany, FR................................................. 40.71 45.01 46.95 49.87 48.44 53.90 −9.5 −4.2 −3.1

Iceland ........................................................... 51.92 54.20 58.22 57.43 57.13 58.58 −4.2 −2.4 −1.3

Ireland............................................................ − − 36.72 − − −− − −

Italy................................................................ 44.25 46.58 47.94 47.90 47.51 55.35 −5.0 −1.8 −2.4

Netherlands.................................................... 41.54 45.47 46.22 47.29 47.46 54.48 −8.6 −3.3 −3.0

Norway .......................................................... 52.10 54.02 57.29 57.05 57.51 63.58 −3.6 −2.4 −2.2

Portugal.......................................................... 39.81 44.12 43.48 45.20 47.35 52.93 −9.8 −4.2 −3.1

Romania......................................................... 37.53 41.04 44.46 46.95 43.86 55.37 −8.5 −3.8 −4.2

Spain.............................................................. 44.56 47.15 48.31 50.92 49.97 56.61 −5.5 −2.8 −2.6

Sweden .......................................................... 43.27 45.74 47.30 48.20 49.14 56.38 −5.4 −3.1 −2.9

Turkey............................................................ 36.81 43.58 45.22 44.54 44.12 53.36 −15.5 −4.4 −4.0

United Kingdom............................................ 42.72 46.31 47.59 49.08 48.13 56.06 −7.8 −2.9 −3.0

Other2............................................................ − − − − − 52.60 − −−100.0

Asia Total........................................................ 40.39 42.28 42.83 43.45 43.20 53.46 −4.5 −1.7 −3.1

China (Taiwan).............................................. 35.56 41.26 42.15 45.24 45.34 54.89 −13.8 −5.9 −4.7

Israel .............................................................. − 34.61 39.05 40.91 41.71 50.45 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Japan.............................................................. 38.56 41.02 40.90 42.19 41.94 52.79 −6.0 −2.1 −3.4

Korea, Republic of........................................ 43.03 45.34 46.79 46.08 46.87 55.62 −5.1 −2.1 −2.8

Other2............................................................ 54.43 55.99 56.34 59.36 − −−2.8 − −

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 53.45 −−− 31.49 −100.0 − −100.0

Other2 ............................................................ − 53.45 −−− 31.49 −100.0 − −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 46.39 44.54 48.77 50.87 49.46 55.20 4.2 −1.6 −1.9

Algeria ........................................................... 40.89 42.46 45.77 50.23 48.72 55.98 −3.7 −4.3 −3.4

Egypt.............................................................. 53.75 42.29 50.35 53.38 50.33 54.39 27.1 1.6 −.1

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 46.04 46.68 47.76 49.55 48.30 58.05 −1.4 −1.2 −2.5

Other2............................................................ − − − 30.30 − −− − −

Total3............................................................... 40.02 43.14 44.51 45.40 45.10 53.71 −7.2 −2.9 −3.2

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 40.07 43.24 44.60 45.49 45.16 53.77 −7.3 −2.9 −3.2

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 (nominal) per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices

are based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

232 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 103. Average Price of U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination,

1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $27.72 $26.76 $28.26 $29.41 $31.06 $30.67 3.6 −2.8 −1.1

Canada1 ......................................................... 26.28 25.51 26.64 28.06 30.46 30.48 3.0 −3.6 −1.6

Mexico........................................................... 43.13 38.48 38.67 36.21 35.60 38.04 12.1 4.9 1.4

Other2............................................................ 36.16 37.38 38.08 38.03 34.29 34.16 −3.3 1.3 .6

South America Total...................................... 33.67 37.82 38.78 34.94 35.66 37.16 −11.0 −1.4 −1.1

Brazil ............................................................. 39.00 40.81 42.12 40.57 34.81 42.44 −4.4 2.9 −.9

Other2............................................................ 31.44 37.56 38.13 33.90 35.70 35.83 −16.3 −3.1 −1.4

Europe Total................................................... 27.09 31.22 32.52 33.71 34.33 38.64 −13.2 −5.7 −3.9

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 38.47 35.91 36.34 36.69 35.07 37.64 7.1 2.3 .2

Bulgaria ......................................................... − − − 50.55 − 48.99 − −−100.0

Finland ........................................................... − − 36.20 35.23 35.53 − −−100.0 −

France ............................................................ 38.23 36.14 34.84 36.14 35.13 37.07 5.8 2.1 .3

Germany, FR................................................. 28.22 30.70 35.04 31.92 33.31 35.29 −8.1 −4.1 −2.4

Iceland ........................................................... − − − 57.93 − 43.59 − −−100.0

Ireland............................................................ 29.92 36.38 38.13 37.35 36.07 39.05 −17.7 −4.5 −2.9

Italy................................................................ 46.39 37.66 39.30 41.20 41.70 40.76 23.2 2.7 1.4

Netherlands.................................................... 27.16 27.91 32.52 32.94 36.45 39.14 −2.7 −7.1 −4.0

Norway .......................................................... − 56.66 −−− 52.77 −100.0 − −100.0

Portugal.......................................................... 24.48 33.60 35.48 35.60 36.28 39.96 −27.2 −9.4 −5.3

Romania ......................................................... − − 29.17 − 39.08 − −−100.0 −

Spain.............................................................. 21.40 22.43 22.38 22.14 21.37 35.64 −4.6 * −5.5

Sweden .......................................................... − − − 39.21 48.54 35.00 − −100.0 −100.0

Turkey............................................................ 40.80 40.78 42.02 41.28 30.98 39.30 * 7.1 .4

United Kingdom............................................ 28.16 28.64 29.99 28.82 30.63 43.00 −1.7 −2.1 −4.6

Other2............................................................ 40.00 34.03 31.78 30.15 29.63 34.43 17.5 7.8 1.7

Asia Total........................................................ 31.59 34.18 34.94 35.84 34.63 38.11 −7.6 −2.3 −2.1

China (Taiwan).............................................. 34.12 34.46 34.71 35.33 35.66 37.81 −1.0 −1.1 −1.1

Israel .............................................................. 31.81 33.15 35.92 35.12 34.63 39.02 −4.0 −2.1 −2.2

Japan.............................................................. 32.10 33.88 34.97 36.31 35.03 37.87 −5.3 −2.1 −1.8

Korea, Republic of........................................ 24.95 35.43 35.01 35.32 32.01 39.63 −29.6 −6.0 −5.0

Other2............................................................ 39.54 43.53 33.56 38.26 30.41 38.91 −9.1 6.8 .2

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 37.25 40.79 40.71 39.87 36.60 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Other2............................................................ − 37.25 40.79 40.71 39.87 36.60 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... − 32.38 32.31 34.02 33.01 31.34 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Egypt.............................................................. − 39.88 40.73 40.78 40.81 35.91 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... −−−− 39.80 − −−100.0 −

Other2............................................................ − 32.31 32.22 34.01 33.00 31.34 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Total3............................................................... 28.41 29.34 31.61 33.51 33.89 36.30 −3.1 −4.3 −2.7

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 29.91 30.24 32.42 34.09 34.51 36.81 −1.1 −3.5 −2.3

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Average price is based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value. Steam coal includes bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, and anthracite.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 233 
Table 104. Average Real Price of U.S. Steam Coal Exports by Destination,

1990, 1995-1999

(Real Dollars per Short Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $26.50 $25.96 $27.73 $29.41 $31.67 $35.46 2.1 −4.3 −3.2

Canada1 ......................................................... 25.13 24.74 26.15 28.06 31.05 35.24 1.6 −5.1 −3.7

Mexico........................................................... 41.23 37.33 37.95 36.21 36.29 43.97 10.5 3.2 −.7

Other2............................................................ 34.57 36.26 37.37 38.03 34.96 39.49 −4.6 −.3 −1.5

South America Total...................................... 32.19 36.68 38.05 34.94 36.35 42.96 −12.2 −3.0 −3.1

Brazil ............................................................. 37.29 39.58 41.33 40.57 35.49 49.06 −5.8 1.2 −3.0

Other2............................................................ 30.05 36.43 37.42 33.90 36.39 41.42 −17.5 −4.7 −3.5

Europe Total................................................... 25.90 30.28 31.92 33.71 34.99 44.67 −14.5 −7.2 −5.9

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 36.78 34.83 35.66 36.69 35.74 43.51 5.6 .7 −1.8

Bulgaria ......................................................... − − − 50.55 − 56.63 − −−100.0

Finland ........................................................... − − 35.52 35.23 36.22 − −−100.0 −

France ............................................................ 36.55 35.05 34.19 36.14 35.81 42.86 4.3 .5 −1.8

Germany, FR................................................. 26.98 29.78 34.38 31.92 33.96 40.80 −9.4 −5.6 −4.5

Iceland ........................................................... − − − 57.93 − 50.40 − −−100.0

Ireland............................................................ 28.61 35.29 37.42 37.35 36.76 45.15 −18.9 −6.1 −4.9

Italy................................................................ 44.35 36.53 38.56 41.20 42.51 47.12 21.4 1.1 −.7

Netherlands.................................................... 25.96 27.08 31.92 32.94 37.16 45.25 −4.1 −8.6 −6.0

Norway .......................................................... − 54.95 −−− 61.00 −100.0 − −100.0

Portugal.......................................................... 23.40 32.59 34.82 35.60 36.98 46.19 −28.2 −10.8 −7.3

Romania ......................................................... − − 28.62 − 39.84 − −−100.0 −

Spain.............................................................. 20.46 21.75 21.96 22.14 21.79 41.20 −5.9 −1.6 −7.5

Sweden .......................................................... − − − 39.21 49.48 40.46 − −100.0 −100.0

Turkey............................................................ 39.01 39.55 41.24 41.28 31.58 45.43 −1.4 5.4 −1.7

United Kingdom............................................ 26.92 27.78 29.43 28.82 31.22 49.72 −3.1 −3.6 −6.6

Other2............................................................ 38.24 33.00 31.18 30.15 30.20 39.80 15.9 6.1 −.4

Asia Total........................................................ 30.20 33.15 34.28 35.84 35.30 44.06 −8.9 −3.8 −4.1

China (Taiwan).............................................. 32.62 33.42 34.06 35.33 36.35 43.71 −2.4 −2.7 −3.2

Israel .............................................................. 30.41 32.15 35.25 35.12 35.30 45.11 −5.4 −3.7 −4.3

Japan.............................................................. 30.69 32.87 34.32 36.31 35.71 43.78 −6.6 −3.7 −3.9

Korea, Republic of........................................ 23.85 34.37 34.35 35.32 32.63 45.82 −30.6 −7.5 −7.0

Other2............................................................ 37.80 42.22 32.93 38.26 31.00 44.99 −10.4 5.1 −1.9

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 36.13 40.03 40.71 40.64 42.32 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Other2............................................................ − 36.13 40.03 40.71 40.64 42.32 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... − 31.41 31.71 34.02 33.65 36.23 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Egypt.............................................................. − 38.68 39.97 40.78 41.60 41.51 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... −−−− 40.57 − −−100.0 −

Other2............................................................ − 31.34 31.62 34.01 33.63 36.23 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Total3............................................................... 27.17 28.46 31.02 33.51 34.54 41.97 −4.5 −5.8 −4.7

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 28.59 29.33 31.82 34.09 35.18 42.56 −2.5 −5.0 −4.3

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 (nominal) per short ton, inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

Notes: Real prices are in 1996 dollars, calculated using implicit Gross Domestic Product price deflators. See Appendix D, Table D2. Average prices

are based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value. Steam coal includes bituminous, subbituminous, lignite, and anthracite.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

234 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Coal Quality

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 235 
Table 105. Estimate of Recoverable Reserves of Coal by Sulfur Range, State, and

Mine Type

(Million Short Tons Remaining as of January 1, 1997)

Sulfur Content

(pounds of sulfur per million Btu) State and Type of Mining Total

< = 0.40 0.41 - 0.60 0.61 - 0.83 0.84 - 1.67 1.68 - 2.50 > 2.50

Alabama .................................................................... − 403 367 2,010 190 − 2,970

Surface .................................................................... − 253 267 1,664 136 − 2,320

Underground ........................................................... − 150 100 347 54 − 650

Alaska, Southern...................................................... 251 94 − − − − 2,544

Surface .................................................................... 383 41 − − − − 424

Underground ........................................................... 2,067 53 − − − − 2,120

Alaska, Northern ..................................................... − − − − − − −

Surface .................................................................... − − − − − − −

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Arizona...................................................................... − 98 − − − − 98

Surface .................................................................... − 47 − − − − 47

Underground ........................................................... − 51 − − − − 51

Arkansas1 ................................................................. − 8 163 44 6 7 228

Surface .................................................................... − 2 73 24 1 1 101

Underground ........................................................... − 7 90 20 5 6 127

Colorado1.................................................................. 3,646 2,298 3,681 324 95 − 10,045

Surface .................................................................... 264 116 3,325 41 14 − 3,759

Underground ........................................................... 3,382 2,183 357 283 81 − 6,286

Georgia...................................................................... 1 1 * * * * 2

Surface .................................................................... * * * * * * 1

Underground ........................................................... * * * * * * 1

Idaho.......................................................................... * 1 1 1 − − 2

Surface .................................................................... − − − − − − −

Underground ........................................................... * 1 1 1 − − 2

Illinois........................................................................ 46 188 407 1,540 1,588 34,437 38,206

Surface .................................................................... − − 3 203 339 9,561 10,106

Underground ........................................................... 46 188 404 1,337 1,249 24,876 28,099

Indiana ...................................................................... − 308 183 667 1,116 2,014 4,287

Surface .................................................................... − 60 26 101 141 290 618

Underground ........................................................... − 248 157 566 975 1,724 3,669

Iowa ........................................................................... − − − − 407 720 1,127

Surface .................................................................... − − − − 320 − 320

Underground ........................................................... − − − − 87 720 807

Kansas....................................................................... − − − − 226 457 683

Surface .................................................................... − − − − 226 457 683

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Kentucky, Eastern ................................................... 169 2,011 1,388 1,713 833 636 6,750

Surface .................................................................... 138 1,637 1,130 1,394 678 518 5,495

Underground ........................................................... 32 374 258 318 155 118 1,255

Kentucky, Western .................................................. − − − 155 2,706 6,366 9,227

Surface .................................................................... − − − 124 919 1,267 2,310

Underground ........................................................... − − − 31 1,787 5,099 6,917

Louisiana................................................................... − − − 343 − − 343

Surface .................................................................... − − − 343 − − 343

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Maryland .................................................................. − 31 56 116 201 − 403

Surface .................................................................... − 3 8 13 31 − 54

Underground ........................................................... − 28 49 103 169 − 349

Michigan ................................................................... − − 8 23 16 11 59

Surface .................................................................... − − 1 2 1 * 3

Underground ........................................................... − − 8 21 16 11 55

Missouri .................................................................... − − − − 170 3,680 3,850

Surface .................................................................... − − − − 150 3,011 3,161

Underground ........................................................... − − − − 20 670 689

Montana .................................................................... 33,529 16,816 16,761 4,811 2,022 1,371 75,310

Surface .................................................................... 17,966 6,983 9,484 2,440 1,609 905 39,387

Underground ........................................................... 15,563 9,833 7,277 2,371 413 466 35,923

New Mexico1 ............................................................ 60 2,429 1,601 3,048 − − 7,138

Surface .................................................................... 36 1,045 1,096 2,099 − − 4,276

Underground ........................................................... 25 1,384 505 949 − − 2,863

North Carolina......................................................... − − *221 5

Surface .................................................................... − − − − − − −

Underground ........................................................... − − *221 5

North Dakota............................................................ 432 744 1,364 3,410 850 366 7,167

Surface .................................................................... 432 744 1,364 3,410 850 366 7,167

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Ohio ........................................................................... 81 168 334 1,045 2,626 7,418 11,672

Surface .................................................................... 20 96 167 413 858 2,291 3,846

Underground ........................................................... 61 73 167 632 1,767 5,127 7,826

See footnotes at end of table.

236 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 105. Estimate of Recoverable Reserves of Coal by Sulfur Range, State, and

Mine Type (Continued)

(Million Short Tons Remaining as of January 1, 1997)

Sulfur Content

(pounds of sulfur per million Btu) State and Type of Mining Total

< = 0.40 0.41 - 0.60 0.61 - 0.83 0.84 - 1.67 1.68 - 2.50 > 2.50

Oklahoma.................................................................. − 219 123 178 113 180 813

Surface .................................................................... − 65 25 33 33 80 237

Underground ........................................................... − 154 98 144 80 100 576

Oregon....................................................................... 4 1 3 − 1 1 9

Surface .................................................................... 1 * 1 − ** 2

Underground ........................................................... 3 1 2 − 1 1 7

Pennsylvania, Anthracite ........................................ 180 467 96 17 2 * 762

Surface .................................................................... 85 262 61 11 1 * 422

Underground ........................................................... 95 205 35 6 1 − 341

Pennsylvania, Bituminous....................................... − 280 798 4,949 4,109 1,500 11,635

Surface .................................................................... − 22 62 295 219 130 728

Underground ........................................................... − 258 736 4,654 3,890 1,370 10,907

South Dakota............................................................ − − 104 1 172 − 277

Surface .................................................................... − − 104 1 172 − 277

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Tennessee .................................................................. − 105 61 221 97 − 484

Surface .................................................................... − 38 23 92 40 − 193

Underground ........................................................... − 67 38 129 58 − 291

Texas .......................................................................... − − 584 5,623 3,375 373 9,954

Surface .................................................................... − − 584 5,623 3,375 372 9,954

Underground ........................................................... − − − − − − −

Utah ........................................................................... 372 666 544 850 221 296 2,949

Surface .................................................................... 8 32 19 85 35 34 212

Underground ........................................................... 363 634 525 765 186 262 2,737

Virginia1 ................................................................... 184 598 382 126 − − 1,290

Surface .................................................................... 42 190 156 44 − − 432

Underground ........................................................... 143 408 227 82 − − 858

Washington............................................................... 63 92 92 473 − − 720

Surface .................................................................... − − 6 39 − − 45

Underground ........................................................... 63 92 86 434 − − 675

West Virginia ........................................................... 639 6,358 2,682 3,975 2,489 3,179 19,322

Surface .................................................................... 112 1,414 550 436 177 106 2,794

Underground ........................................................... 528 4,945 2,131 3,539 2,312 3,073 16,528

Wyoming................................................................... 6,654 17,325 10,065 7,396 1,158 2,216 44,813

Surface .................................................................... 4,303 8,563 4,015 2,274 517 2,184 21,855

Underground ........................................................... 2,351 8,762 6,050 5,122 640 33 22,959

U.S. Total.................................................................. 48,512 51,708 41,847 43,060 24,788 65,229 275,143

Surface .................................................................... 23,790 21,612 22,549 21,203 10,842 21,575 121,570

Underground ........................................................... 24,722 30,096 19,298 21,857 13,946 43,654 153,573

1 Data include minor amounts of anthracite (all occurring in heat content categories greater than 23.00 million short tons) as follows: Arkansas 52.2,

Colorado 13.4, New Mexico 1.2, and Virginia 70.5, expressed in million short tons.

* Data round to zero.

 Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Coal Reserves: A Review and Update (DOE/EIA-0529(95)), August, 1996, and further updates.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 237 
Table 106. Average Quality of Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Census Division and State Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Quality1

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England

Btu .............................................................. 13,147 12,810 12,756 12,793 12,848 13,136 3 1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.22 .87 .86 .85 .84 1.24 40.6 9.8 −0.2

Ash.............................................................. 6.48 7.85 7.79 7.75 7.48 7.43 −17.5 −3.5 −1.5

Connecticut

Btu .............................................................. 13,541 13,138 13,132 13,100 13,110 13,233 3 1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... .61 .53 .54 .54 .56 .54 14.8 2.0 1.4

Ash.............................................................. 4.85 6.80 7.20 7.14 7.05 6.36 −28.6 −8.9 −3.0

Massachusetts

Btu .............................................................. 13,160 12,617 12,571 12,633 12,698 13,062 4 1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... .86 .72 .72 .71 .71 1.23 19.9 4.8 −3.9

Ash.............................................................. 7.22 8.52 8.24 8.07 7.83 7.89 −15.3 −2.0 −1.0

New Hampshire

Btu .............................................................. 13,133 13,133 13,054 13,146 13,111 13,303 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.35 1.40 1.42 1.56 1.38 1.81 −4.1 −.6 −3.3

Ash.............................................................. 6.31 6.71 6.88 7.02 6.74 6.75 −6.0 −1.6 −.7

Middle Atlantic

Btu .............................................................. 12,638 12,478 12,436 12,460 12,474 12,409 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 2.04 2.07 2.05 2.01 2.03 2.05 −1.7 .1 −.1

Ash.............................................................. 10.81 11.84 12.03 11.80 11.93 12.38 −8.6 −2.4 −1.5

New Jersey

Btu .............................................................. 13,150 13,113 13,084 12,993 13,282 13,429 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.14 1.13 1.24 1.36 1.21 1.16 .7 −1.5 −.2

Ash.............................................................. 8.64 8.70 8.54 9.02 7.51 7.36 −.8 3.5 1.8

New York

Btu .............................................................. 13,034 13,052 13,105 13,013 13,051 12,846 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.67 1.75 1.80 1.80 1.79 1.84 −4.3 −1.7 −1.0

Ash.............................................................. 7.52 7.79 7.63 7.91 7.90 9.13 −3.4 −1.2 −2.1

Pennsylvania

Btu .............................................................. 12,552 12,323 12,279 12,321 12,315 12,241 2 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 2.15 2.19 2.13 2.09 2.12 2.16 −1.9 .3 *

Ash.............................................................. 11.37 12.86 13.03 12.72 12.97 13.46 −11.5 −3.2 −1.8

East North Central

Btu .............................................................. 10,562 10,589 10,588 10,611 10,676 10,988 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.28 1.33 1.35 1.36 1.28 1.82 −3.8 * −3.8

Ash.............................................................. 8.02 8.12 8.22 8.07 8.00 8.93 −1.2 .1 −1.2

Illinois

Btu .............................................................. 9,560 9,700 9,781 9,878 9,970 10,789 −1 −1 −1

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.03 1.10 1.17 1.16 1.14 2.07 −6.7 −2.5 −7.5

Ash.............................................................. 6.76 6.91 7.04 6.98 7.01 8.81 −2.1 −.9 −2.9

Indiana

Btu .............................................................. 10,620 10,517 10,461 10,357 10,338 10,562 1 1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.58 1.63 1.61 1.59 1.57 2.06 −2.9 .2 −2.9

Ash.............................................................. 7.84 7.94 7.90 7.76 7.65 8.58 −1.2 .6 −1.0

Michigan

Btu .............................................................. 10,487 10,563 10,566 10,504 10,677 11,131 −1 * −1

Sulfur .......................................................... .62 .67 .67 .63 .63 .70 −7.6 −.5 −1.4

Ash.............................................................. 6.49 6.41 6.65 6.59 6.66 6.79 1.1 −.6 −.5

Ohio

Btu .............................................................. 11,918 11,913 11,891 12,056 12,122 11,882 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.98 2.01 2.01 2.08 1.89 2.44 −1.6 1.1 −2.3

Ash.............................................................. 11.31 11.45 11.53 11.01 10.84 11.47 −1.3 1.0 −.1

Wisconsin

Btu .............................................................. 9,115 9,299 9,375 9,222 9,351 9,642 −2 −1 −1

Sulfur .......................................................... .39 .46 .50 .46 .46 .81 −15.3 −3.9 −7.8

Ash.............................................................. 5.42 5.55 5.74 5.74 6.03 6.33 −2.3 −2.6 −1.7

West North Central

Btu .............................................................. 8,347 8,388 8,394 8,430 8,418 8,701 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .45 .47 .51 .53 .54 .96 −3.8 −4.4 −8.1

Ash.............................................................. 6.18 6.15 6.31 6.38 6.41 7.41 .5 −.9 −2.0

Iowa

Btu .............................................................. 8,581 8,636 8,662 8,658 8,678 8,892 −1* *

Sulfur .......................................................... .40 .44 .45 .45 .49 .70 −8.9 −4.8 −6.0

Ash.............................................................. 5.54 5.57 5.53 5.61 5.60 5.98 −.6 −.3 −.8

See footnotes at end of table.

238 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 106. Average Quality of Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Average Annual Percent Percent Census Division and State Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Quality1

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Kansas

Btu .............................................................. 8,628 8,696 8,766 8,827 8,730 8,948 −1* *

Sulfur .......................................................... .43 .45 .48 .49 .43 .58 −5.1 −0.1 −3.3

Ash.............................................................. 5.35 5.45 5.52 5.52 5.46 5.81 −1.8 −.5 −.9

Minnesota

Btu .............................................................. 8,883 8,883 8,895 8,914 8,828 8,788 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .44 .44 .45 .45 .47 .51 −1.0 −1.8 −1.7

Ash.............................................................. 6.27 6.29 6.32 6.32 6.71 7.58 −.2 −1.7 −2.1

Missouri

Btu .............................................................. 8,948 8,938 8,994 9,063 9,216 10,400 * −1 −2

Sulfur .......................................................... .34 .37 .47 .58 .57 2.01 −8.9 −12.5 −18.0

Ash.............................................................. 5.04 5.18 5.32 5.62 5.69 8.33 −2.6 −3.0 −5.4

Nebraska

Btu .............................................................. 8,498 8,584 8,595 8,599 8,594 8,561 −1* *

Sulfur .......................................................... .30 .27 .32 .34 .33 .35 9.0 −2.9 −2.0

Ash.............................................................. 5.06 4.77 4.79 5.11 5.16 5.05 6.1 −.5 *

North Dakota

Btu .............................................................. 6,547 6,566 6,559 6,597 6,585 6,636 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .75 .76 .77 .72 .74 .81 −.8 .5 −.8

Ash.............................................................. 9.39 9.10 9.38 9.32 9.29 9.26 3.2 .2 .1

South Dakota

Btu .............................................................. 8,630 8,728 8,687 9,034 6,972 6,096 −15 4

Sulfur .......................................................... .60 .72 .63 .52 .87 .90 −17.2 −9.0 −4.4

Ash.............................................................. 8.67 9.12 8.88 6.66 4.96 8.44 −4.8 15.0 .3

South Atlantic

Btu .............................................................. 12,344 12,296 12,311 12,285 12,324 12,395 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.26 1.26 1.29 1.27 1.27 1.52 * −.3 −2.1

Ash.............................................................. 9.83 9.92 10.05 9.75 9.71 9.99 −.9 .3 −.2

Delaware

Btu .............................................................. 12,935 12,962 13,062 13,020 13,085 13,035 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .97 .98 .99 1.01 1.00 .97 −1.0 −.7 *

Ash.............................................................. 9.26 8.93 8.65 8.72 8.56 8.71 3.7 2.0 .7

Florida

Btu .............................................................. 12,299 12,144 12,122 12,193 12,296 12,364 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.53 1.55 1.59 1.55 1.47 1.73 −1.4 .9 −1.4

Ash.............................................................. 8.06 8.01 8.40 7.96 8.09 8.44 .5 −.1 −.5

Georgia

Btu .............................................................. 11,740 11,750 11,755 11,581 11,576 11,893 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .80 .85 .84 .83 .81 1.63 −5.9 −.5 −7.6

Ash.............................................................. 9.30 9.40 9.42 8.84 8.87 9.81 −1.0 1.2 −.6

Maryland

Btu .............................................................. 12,943 12,914 12,913 12,879 12,965 12,734 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.12 1.17 1.14 1.11 1.06 1.44 −4.6 1.4 −2.8

Ash.............................................................. 9.30 9.04 9.42 9.49 9.32 10.48 2.8 −.1 −1.3

North Carolina

Btu .............................................................. 12,450 12,398 12,368 12,422 12,461 12,544 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .85 .89 .90 .89 .86 .96 −5.2 −.4 −1.3

Ash.............................................................. 10.39 10.53 10.50 10.16 10.20 9.89 −1.3 .5 .5

South Carolina

Btu .............................................................. 12,809 12,805 12,855 12,757 12,852 12,655 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.16 1.20 1.20 1.21 1.19 1.19 −3.7 −.7 −.4

Ash.............................................................. 8.78 8.90 8.70 8.90 8.53 9.21 −1.4 .7 −.5

Virginia

Btu .............................................................. 12,702 12,603 12,554 12,597 12,743 12,714 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.30 .97 1.01 .99 1.03 .96 33.9 6.2 3.4

Ash .............................................................. 9.62 9.96 11.58 11.02 10.21 9.84 −3.4 −1.5 −.3

West Virginia

Btu .............................................................. 12,361 12,305 12,398 12,378 12,418 12,452 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.84 1.86 1.95 1.93 1.98 1.89 −1.2 −1.8 −.3

Ash.............................................................. 11.78 12.17 11.88 11.78 11.88 11.55 −3.2 −.2 .2

East South Central

Btu .............................................................. 11,376 11,543 11,584 11,714 11,808 11,855 −1 −1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.60 1.71 1.83 1.86 1.87 2.10 −6.4 −3.8 −3.0

Ash.............................................................. 10.10 10.58 10.65 10.60 10.58 11.12 −4.6 −1.1 −1.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 239 
Table 106. Average Quality of Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Average Annual Percent Percent Census Division and State Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Quality1

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama

Btu .............................................................. 10,963 11,519 11,584 11,794 11,861 12,094 −5 −2 −1

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.02 1.13 1.13 1.24 1.20 1.51 −9.7 −3.8 −4.2

Ash.............................................................. 9.32 10.45 10.49 10.71 10.74 11.74 −10.8 −3.5 −2.5

Kentucky

Btu .............................................................. 11,582 11,579 11,571 11,536 11,625 11,558 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... 2.27 2.37 2.50 2.47 2.42 2.59 −4.2 −1.6 −1.5

Ash.............................................................. 12.35 12.66 12.46 12.15 11.91 12.12 −2.5 .9 .2

Mississippi

Btu .............................................................. 11,062 10,569 10,486 11,023 11,221 12,543 5 * −1

Sulfur .......................................................... .74 .75 .68 .93 1.04 1.64 −1.4 −8.1 −8.4

Ash.............................................................. 6.85 6.03 6.13 6.44 7.81 7.84 13.6 −3.2 −1.5

Tennessee

Btu .............................................................. 11,635 11,733 11,855 12,062 12,130 11,966 −1 −1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.58 1.69 1.90 1.87 1.97 2.00 −6.3 −5.4 −2.6

Ash.............................................................. 8.82 8.89 9.17 8.89 8.83 9.46 −.7 * −.8

West South Central

Btu .............................................................. 7,836 7,837 7,766 7,798 7,733 7,701 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .56 .60 .64 .60 .64 .65 −7.3 −3.6 −1.6

Ash.............................................................. 9.16 9.12 9.35 9.19 9.53 10.04 .4 −1.0 −1.0

Arkansas

Btu .............................................................. 8,651 8,671 8,707 8,703 8,687 8,740 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .27 .29 .33 .33 .33 .34 −7.7 −4.5 −2.5

Ash.............................................................. 4.75 4.90 5.12 5.20 5.10 5.26 −3.0 −1.8 −1.1

Louisiana

Btu .............................................................. 8,149 8,097 8,102 8,171 8,110 8,194 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .58 .56 .64 .57 .58 .49 3.4 * 2.0

Ash.............................................................. 7.40 7.76 7.22 7.13 7.42 7.47 −4.6 −.1 −.1

Oklahoma

Btu .............................................................. 8,620 8,651 8,641 8,600 8,557 8,894 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .31 .30 .30 .33 .36 .47 1.9 −4.1 −4.5

Ash.............................................................. 5.18 4.87 4.85 4.93 5.20 5.50 6.5 −.1 −.6

Texas

Btu .............................................................. 7,506 7,509 7,423 7,440 7,346 7,291 * 1 *

Sulfur .......................................................... .65 .71 .75 .71 .77 .74 −9.0 −4.0 −1.4

Ash.............................................................. 10.90 10.82 11.09 10.98 11.50 11.80 .8 −1.3 −.9

Mountain

Btu .............................................................. 9,755 9,708 9,723 9,741 9,736 9,792 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .55 .55 .56 .55 .54 .55 −1.0 .3 *

Ash.............................................................. 11.14 11.24 11.40 11.37 11.16 11.00 −.9 * .1

Arizona

Btu .............................................................. 10,257 10,186 10,159 10,232 10,274 10,482 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .55 .55 .54 .55 .53 .49 .3 1.0 1.3

Ash.............................................................. 12.67 12.70 12.73 12.41 12.13 11.95 −.2 1.1 .6

Colorado

Btu .............................................................. 9,749 9,834 9,872 9,858 9,895 9,808 −1* *

Sulfur .......................................................... .38 .38 .38 .39 .39 .38 .3 −.5 .1

Ash.............................................................. 6.67 6.73 6.92 6.94 7.16 6.95 −.8 −1.8 −.4

Montana

Btu .............................................................. 8,435 8,433 8,426 8,439 8,520 8,564 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .73 .72 .72 .68 .68 .63 .9 1.7 1.5

Ash.............................................................. 9.71 9.49 9.32 9.00 9.15 8.84 2.3 1.5 1.0

Nevada

Btu .............................................................. 11,257 11,199 11,169 11,140 11,075 11,122 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .46 .47 .50 .49 .48 .53 −.8 −.9 −1.5

Ash.............................................................. 9.35 9.68 9.80 9.71 9.70 9.82 −3.4 −.9 −.5

New Mexico

Btu .............................................................. 9,132 9,082 9,069 9,116 9,033 9,117 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .80 .80 .81 .80 .80 .79 −.7 −.1 *

Ash.............................................................. 22.86 22.80 22.71 22.78 22.51 21.84 .3 .4 .5

Utah

Btu .............................................................. 11,620 11,310 11,330 11,513 11,550 11,483 3 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .46 .46 .48 .47 .47 .49 −.3 −.6 −.7

Ash.............................................................. 9.93 11.17 10.90 10.90 10.27 10.13 −11.0 −.8 −.2

See footnotes at end of table.

240 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 106. Average Quality of Coal Received at Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Average Annual Percent Percent Census Division and State Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change and Quality1

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Wyoming

Btu .............................................................. 8,784 8,794 8,787 8,716 8,738 8,811 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .51 .53 .54 .52 .50 .54 −4.8 0.4 −0.6

Ash.............................................................. 7.62 7.52 7.61 8.12 8.06 7.69 1.3 −1.4 −.1

Pacific

Btu .............................................................. 8,444 8,332 8,153 8,066 8,380 8,169 1 * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .64 .52 .58 .64 .62 .64 23.4 1.1 .1

Ash.............................................................. 10.39 10.42 12.43 13.62 11.79 13.00 −.2 −3.1 −2.4

Oregon

Btu .............................................................. 8,961 8,685 8,757 8,782 8,882 8,348 3 * 1

Sulfur .......................................................... .39 .32 .33 .26 .30 .31 22.7 6.5 2.4

Ash.............................................................. 6.41 5.19 5.41 4.79 5.52 4.57 23.5 3.8 3.8

Washington

Btu .............................................................. 8,224 8,215 8,043 7,936 8,267 8,135 * * *

Sulfur .......................................................... .75 .59 .62 .71 .69 .70 27.6 2.3 .8

Ash.............................................................. 12.08 12.14 13.71 15.24 13.20 14.62 −.5 −2.2 −2.1

U.S. Total

Btu .............................................................. 10,163 10,241 10,275 10,263 10,248 10,465 −1* *

Sulfur .......................................................... 1.01 1.06 1.11 1.10 1.08 1.35 −5.2 −1.7 −3.2

Ash.............................................................. 9.01 9.18 9.36 9.22 9.23 9.85 −1.8 −.6 −1.0

1 Quality units are: Btu (per pound); sulfur (percent by weight); and ash (percent by weight).

* Data round to zero.

Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 241 
Table 107. Average Quality of Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by

Census Division and State, 1995-1999

Percent Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Quality1

1998-1999

New England

Btu .............................................................................. 13,236 13,264 13,326 13,028 13,410 −0.2

Sulfur .......................................................................... .80 .79 .85 1.03 1.32 1.3

Ash ............................................................................. 6.03 7.55 7.33 7.35 6.99 −20.1

Maine

Btu .............................................................................. 13,041 13,174 13,218 12,935 13,392 −1.0

Sulfur .......................................................................... .82 .80 .87 1.08 1.39 2.1

Ash ............................................................................. 6.26 7.60 7.34 7.31 6.93 −17.6

Massachusetts

Btu .............................................................................. 13,768 13,675 13,746 13,697 13,556 .7

Sulfur .......................................................................... .75 .73 .76 .74 .75 2.5

Ash ............................................................................. 5.41 7.35 7.29 7.65 7.55 −26.5

Middle Atlantic

Btu .............................................................................. 12,611 12,790 12,797 12,780 12,559 −1.4

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.21 1.19 1.19 1.20 1.15 1.3

Ash ............................................................................. 7.19 7.16 6.99 7.12 7.11 .4

New Jersey

Btu .............................................................................. 12,659 12,615 12,497 12,474 12,575 .3

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.35 1.72 .64 1.36 .96 −21.8

Ash ............................................................................. 12.82 12.55 11.56 10.98 11.34 2.1

New York2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,318 13,183 13,262 13,168 13,122 −6.6

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.32 1.18 1.36 1.41 1.29 12.1

Ash ............................................................................. 6.52 6.73 6.82 6.84 7.20 −3.1

Pennsylvania2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,722 12,633 12,640 12,658 12,366 .7

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.18 1.19 1.16 1.16 1.12 −1.4

Ash ............................................................................. 7.36 7.26 7.02 7.17 7.09 1.3

East North Central

Btu .............................................................................. 11,972 11,939 12,013 11,990 12,022 .3

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.41 1.48 1.56 1.52 1.46 −4.8

Ash ............................................................................. 7.27 7.59 7.55 7.34 7.59 −4.3

Illinois2

Btu .............................................................................. 11,365 11,346 11,351 11,332 11,290 .2

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.91 1.97 1.95 1.89 1.82 −2.9

Ash ............................................................................. 7.67 7.67 7.45 7.41 7.49 .1

Indiana2

Btu .............................................................................. 11,997 11,941 11,867 11,826 11,894 .5

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.15 1.28 1.35 1.32 1.20 −10.2

Ash ............................................................................. 7.00 7.32 7.07 7.02 7.38 −4.4

Michigan2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,490 12,439 12,506 12,440 12,386 .4

Sulfur .......................................................................... .86 .99 1.04 .96 .96 −12.8

Ash ............................................................................. 6.57 7.47 7.67 6.80 7.60 −12.0

Ohio2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,363 12,310 12,348 12,415 12,424 .4

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.83 1.68 1.80 1.82 1.69 8.4

Ash ............................................................................. 7.76 8.17 8.52 8.27 7.79 −5.1

Wisconsin

Btu .............................................................................. 11,837 11,876 12,453 12,330 12,450 −.3

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.51 1.37 1.68 2.05 2.14 10.4

Ash ............................................................................. 7.95 7.40 7.45 7.72 8.40 7.5

West North Central

Btu .............................................................................. 8,631 8,626 8,716 8,702 8,669 .1

Sulfur .......................................................................... .94 .95 .87 .87 .89 −1.0

Ash ............................................................................. 6.34 6.34 6.44 6.40 6.54 *

Iowa

Btu .............................................................................. 10,140 10,292 10,261 10,373 10,332 −1.5

Sulfur .......................................................................... .97 1.01 .95 1.04 .96 −3.6

Ash ............................................................................. 6.36 6.38 6.25 6.40 6.44 −.4

Kansas

Btu .............................................................................. 12,354 12,344 12,287 12,243 12,197 .1

Sulfur .......................................................................... 3.74 3.11 3.12 3.07 3.41 20.2

Ash ............................................................................. 8.83 9.61 10.75 10.36 11.48 −8.2

See footnotes at end of table.

242 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 107. Average Quality of Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by

Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Percent Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Quality1

1998-1999

Minnesota

Btu .............................................................................. 9,656 9,626 9,910 10,051 10,280 0.3

Sulfur .......................................................................... .50 .58 .46 .61 .56 −13.9

Ash ............................................................................. 5.15 5.47 5.24 5.08 4.95 −6.0

Missouri2

Btu .............................................................................. 11,359 11,287 11,470 11,541 11,644 .6

Sulfur .......................................................................... 2.23 2.25 2.23 2.02 1.91 −.7

Ash ............................................................................. 8.90 7.92 8.39 8.31 9.92 12.4

Nebraska

Btu .............................................................................. 9,962 10,375 10,201 10,622 10,096 −4.0

Sulfur .......................................................................... .50 .52 .32 .36 .42 −2.8

Ash ............................................................................. 6.43 6.46 8.12 8.92 5.73 −.4

North Dakota

Btu .............................................................................. 7,133 7,138 7,135 7,136 7,171 −.1

Sulfur .......................................................................... .76 .78 .62 .61 .71 −1.9

Ash ............................................................................. 6.02 6.02 6.10 5.97 6.08 −.1

South Dakota

Btu .............................................................................. 10,184 9,884 9,786 9,849 9,504 3.0

Sulfur .......................................................................... .92 .81 .81 .83 .86 13.9

Ash ............................................................................. 7.24 8.47 7.38 7.55 7.72 −14.5

South Atlantic

Btu .............................................................................. 13,049 13,035 12,988 12,972 12,992 .1

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.08 1.06 1.10 1.09 1.10 2.4

Ash ............................................................................. 7.96 7.95 8.39 8.11 8.07 .1

Delaware

Btu .............................................................................. 13,076 13,452 13,450 13,381 13,483 −2.8

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.77 1.17 1.73 1.75 1.87 51.7

Ash ............................................................................. 7.56 6.94 7.01 7.01 7.01 9.0

Florida

Btu .............................................................................. 12,988 13,022 12,834 12,903 12,865 −.3

Sulfur .......................................................................... .89 .86 .91 .87 .91 4.0

Ash ............................................................................. 8.07 7.56 8.38 8.07 8.14 6.8

Georgia

Btu .............................................................................. 12,925 12,828 12,756 12,873 12,895 .8

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.04 .98 1.11 1.11 1.23 6.0

Ash ............................................................................. 8.39 8.30 8.80 8.79 8.78 1.1

Maryland2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,650 12,656 12,653 12,411 12,598 *

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.84 1.79 1.96 1.92 1.92 3.1

Ash ............................................................................. 13.75 13.98 14.06 14.19 14.52 −1.7

North Carolina

Btu .............................................................................. 13,195 13,193 13,234 13,243 13,250 *

Sulfur .......................................................................... .92 .93 .98 .93 .97 −.9

Ash ............................................................................. 7.48 7.56 7.53 7.10 6.99 −1.0

South Carolina

Btu .............................................................................. 13,174 13,106 13,179 13,076 13,051 .5

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.02 1.03 1.00 1.02 1.08 −.2

Ash ............................................................................. 7.87 7.87 8.24 8.09 8.24 −.1

Virginia2

Btu .............................................................................. 13,228 13,204 13,081 12,982 13,067 .2

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.04 1.05 −1.3

Ash ............................................................................. 7.48 7.75 8.06 7.97 7.75 −3.5

West Virginia2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,855 12,885 12,782 12,809 12,765 −.2

Sulfur .......................................................................... 1.17 1.14 1.18 1.14 1.06 3.1

Ash ............................................................................. 7.02 7.04 7.78 7.24 7.28 −.3

East South Central

Btu .............................................................................. 12,997 12,848 12,750 12,916 12,941 1.2

Sulfur .......................................................................... .90 .99 1.02 1.06 1.09 −8.9

Ash ............................................................................. 6.30 7.45 7.34 7.20 7.32 −15.4

Alabama2

Btu .............................................................................. 12,942 12,738 12,539 12,632 12,612 1.6

Sulfur .......................................................................... .95 .92 .98 .98 .94 3.1

Ash ............................................................................. 6.41 7.12 7.18 6.90 7.07 −10.0

Kentucky2

Btu .............................................................................. 13,120 12,735 12,831 13,072 13,086 3.0

Sulfur .......................................................................... .61 .97 1.01 1.05 1.03 −37.6

Ash ............................................................................. 3.33 6.88 6.55 6.59 6.61 −51.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 243 
Table 107. Average Quality of Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by

Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Percent Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Quality1

1998-1999

Mississippi

Btu .............................................................................. 11,856 11,907 11,977 11,911 11,897 −0.4

Sulfur.......................................................................... 2.05 2.06 1.55 1.41 1.41 −.5

Ash ............................................................................. 7.86 9.33 9.60 9.73 10.66 −15.7

Tennessee2

Btu .............................................................................. 13,052 13,013 12,910 13,103 13,160 .3

Sulfur.......................................................................... .98 1.03 1.07 1.14 1.35 −4.9

Ash ............................................................................. 8.07 8.19 8.01 7.94 8.04 −1.4

West South Central

Btu .............................................................................. 8,652 12,111 9,155 9,176 9,116 −28.6

Sulfur.......................................................................... 1.25 1.16 1.07 1.06 1.00 7.8

Ash ............................................................................. 11.45 12.16 11.39 11.36 10.78 −5.9

Arkansas

Btu .............................................................................. 12,732 12,545 12,369 12,474 12,573 1.5

Sulfur.......................................................................... 2.09 2.03 1.98 2.03 2.02 3.3

Ash ............................................................................. 11.37 11.06 10.25 10.27 9.96 2.8

Louisiana

Btu .............................................................................. 11,742 12,534 12,395 12,627 9,292 −6.3

Sulfur.......................................................................... 1.21 1.23 1.33 1.27 .39 −1.8

Ash ............................................................................. 9.45 10.47 10.25 10.23 5.29 −9.8

Oklahoma

Btu .............................................................................. 9,890 9,970 9,974 9,835 9,995 −.8

Sulfur .......................................................................... 2.32 1.02 .93 .89 .72 127.1

Ash ............................................................................. 6.42 6.79 6.18 5.97 5.60 −5.5

Texas2

Btu .............................................................................. 8,126 12,410 8,789 8,757 8,690 −34.5

Sulfur.......................................................................... 1.01 1.12 1.02 1.01 1.02 −10.1

Ash ............................................................................. 12.29 13.08 12.15 12.37 12.20 −6.1

Mountain

Btu .............................................................................. 10,679 10,683 10,851 10,699 10,698 *

Sulfur.......................................................................... .69 .73 .72 .67 .71 −4.8

Ash ............................................................................. 7.46 7.44 7.09 7.79 7.28 .3

Arizona

Btu .............................................................................. 10,978 10,850 12,250 10,603 10,969 1.2

Sulfur.......................................................................... .60 .59 .76 .53 .54 2.7

Ash ............................................................................. 13.00 13.73 10.48 13.15 12.23 −5.3

Colorado

Btu .............................................................................. 11,241 11,219 11,293 11,308 11,262 .2

Sulfur.......................................................................... .77 .79 .55 .54 .61 −2.9

Ash ............................................................................. 8.13 7.94 8.03 7.79 7.24 2.3

Idaho

Btu .............................................................................. 10,525 9,860 10,131 10,148 10,232 6.8

Sulfur.......................................................................... .79 .84 .72 .72 .78 −5.5

Ash ............................................................................. 7.00 5.31 6.46 6.40 6.22 31.9

Montana

Btu .............................................................................. 8,548 11,688 8,689 8,695 8,368 −26.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... .53 .49 .44 .44 .59 7.5

Ash ............................................................................. 6.59 6.14 5.27 5.31 7.93 7.3

Nevada

Btu .............................................................................. 11,555 11,495 11,576 11,533 11,698 .5

Sulfur.......................................................................... .45 .51 .50 .51 .48 −12.0

Ash ............................................................................. 8.76 8.90 8.76 8.80 7.13 −1.5

New Mexico

Btu .............................................................................. 12,557 12,383 12,507 12,302 12,518 1.4

Sulfur.......................................................................... .93 .92 .74 .82 .79 1.1

Ash ............................................................................. 9.08 10.45 10.36 11.67 10.26 −13.1

Utah2

Btu .............................................................................. 11,684 11,775 11,552 11,589 11,671 −.8

Sulfur.......................................................................... .61 .74 .79 .82 .84 −17.5

Ash ............................................................................. 8.01 8.18 8.10 8.01 8.08 −2.0

Wyoming

Btu .............................................................................. 10,096 10,158 10,119 10,365 10,170 −.6

Sulfur.......................................................................... .78 .76 .73 .70 .71 2.5

Ash ............................................................................. 4.87 4.61 4.66 4.68 4.84 5.6

See footnotes at end of table.

244 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table 107. Average Quality of Coal Received at Manufacturing and Coke Plants by

Census Division and State, 1995-1999 (Continued)

Percent Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 Change and Quality1

1998-1999

Pacific

Btu .............................................................................. 11,673 11,564 11,513 11,677 11,551 0.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... .56 .57 .57 .56 .53 −1.9

Ash ............................................................................. 8.84 9.14 8.96 9.15 9.17 −3.3

California

Btu .............................................................................. 11,871 11,814 11,759 11,899 11,912 .5

Sulfur.......................................................................... .55 .57 .57 .55 .52 −3.6

Ash ............................................................................. 8.66 8.99 8.72 8.72 8.62 −3.6

Hawaii

Btu .............................................................................. 8,237 7,928 8,704 9,157 9,275 3.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... .55 .49 .52 .53 .53 11.2

Ash ............................................................................. 12.71 12.85 13.22 14.99 15.37 −1.1

Oregon

Btu .............................................................................. 11,655 11,001 10,989 11,159 10,188 5.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... .59 .65 .65 .65 .54 −8.8

Ash ............................................................................. 7.15 7.00 6.96 7.03 5.98 2.2

Washington

Btu .............................................................................. 11,076 11,651 11,818 11,622 11,846 −4.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... .68 .58 .58 .65 .57 16.9

Ash ............................................................................. 9.70 8.10 8.70 10.00 9.62 19.7

U.S. Total

Btu .............................................................................. 11,245 11,583 11,407 11,405 11,367 −2.9

Sulfur.......................................................................... 1.13 1.15 1.17 1.17 1.15 −1.7

Ash ............................................................................. 7.42 7.71 7.62 7.58 7.61 −3.6

1 Quality units are: Btu (per pound); sulfur (percent by weight); and ash (percent by weight).

2 Includes sulfur and ash data for coke plants.

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Btu data are for manufacturing plants only. The national average of coke plant data ranges from .51 to 1.70 for sulfur and 2.6 to

10.1 for ash.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; and Form EIA-5A, ‘‘Annual Coal Quality Report - Coke Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 245 
Appendix A

Major Coal

Producing

States
Appendix A

Major Coal Producing States

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 249 
Table A1. Alabama Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 436,207 373,714 374,421 451,760 510,406 489,395 16.7 −3.8 −1.3

Productive Capacity1........................ 22,290 27,891 29,081 32,159 32,546 NA −20.1 −9.0 NA

Production Total ............................... 19,504 23,013 24,468 24,637 24,640 29,030 −15.2 −5.7 −4.3

Underground .................................. 14,799 17,316 18,505 18,217 17,605 17,540 −14.5 −4.2 −1.9

Surface ........................................... 4,705 5,697 5,963 6,420 7,036 11,490 −17.4 −9.6 −9.4

Capacity Utilization2........................ 87.42 82.45 84.05 76.57 75.52 NA 6.0 3.7 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 22.4 16.2 15.3 18.3 20.7 16.9 37.7 1.9 3.2

 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 4,183 4,875 4,928 5,031 5,567 6,534 −14.2 −6.9 −4.8 R Productivity Total2........................... 2.25 2.31 2.39 2.20 2.24 2.23 −2.3 .1 .1 R Underground .................................. 2.09 2.16 2.21 1.95 2.02 2.01 −3.0 .8 .4 R Surface ........................................... 2.98 2.93 3.21 3.50 3.07 2.69 1.9 −.7 1.2

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,172 1,636 1,289 1,031 1,358 − 32.8 12.5 −

Imports3 ............................................ 692 169 214 161 162 − 308.7 43.8 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 19,297 23,046 23,921 24,636 25,159 NA −16.3 −6.4 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 15,990 18,245 18,108 19,772 19,127 NA −12.4 −4.4 NA

Within State ................................ 14,024 17,831 17,489 18,503 18,024 NA −21.3 −6.1 NA

To Other States ........................... 1,966 414 619 1,269 1,103 NA 374.9 15.6 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 3,307 4,801 5,813 4,864 6,032 NA −31.1 −13.9 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 3,307 4,743 5,699 4,523 5,330 NA −30.3 −11.3 NA

Steam ..................................... − 59 114 341 702 NA −100.0 −100.0 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 3,307 4,801 5,813 4,864 6,032 NA −31.1 −13.9 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 3,307 4,743 5,699 4,523 5,330 NA −30.3 −11.3 NA

Steam ..................................... − 59 114 341 702 NA −100.0 − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 38,099 36,328 36,607 37,052 34,309 27,640 4.9 2.6 3.6

Electric Utility ............................... 33,428 31,474 30,840 31,216 28,759 22,010 6.2 3.8 4.8 RR Other Industrial.............................. 2,340 2,442 2,738 2,545 2,286 2,237 −4.2 .6 .5

Coke ............................................... w w 2,956 3,247 3,257 3,288 w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. 23 9 73 44 7 105 144.0 33.8 −15.5

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 3,577 2,971 2,858 3,648 4,372 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 3,195 2,609 2,526 3,282 3,869 w w w

All Other........................................ 358 381 362 332 366 503 −6.2 −.6 −3.7

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $35.29 $37.23 $38.48 $39.48 $38.44 $43.04 −5.2 −2.1 −2.2

Underground .................................. 35.58 37.69 39.54 40.75 39.26 42.48 −5.6 −2.4 −2.0

Surface ........................................... 34.40 35.89 35.15 35.87 36.38 43.90 −4.2 −1.4 −2.7

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $32.36 $36.28 35.58 36.39 37.00 44.58 −10.8 −3.3 −3.5

Other Industrial.............................. 39.81 39.49 40.20 40.15 39.53 40.58 .8 .2 −.2

Coke ............................................... w w 50.04 49.37 48.42 48.93 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

250 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A2. Arizona Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... w w w w w w w w w

Productive Capacity1........................ w w w w w NA w w NA

Production Total ............................... 11,787 11,315 11,723 10,442 11,947 11,304 4.2 −0.3 0.5

Surface ........................................... 11,787 11,315 11,723 10,442 11,947 11,304 4.2 −.3 .5

Capacity Utilization2........................ w w w w w NA w w NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... w w w w w w w w w

 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 732 747 676 651 831 951 −2.0 −3.1 −2.9 R Productivity Total2........................... 6.61 6.53 6.79 6.30 6.34 5.93 1.3 1.0 1.2 R Surface ........................................... 6.61 6.53 6.79 6.30 6.34 5.93 1.3 1.0 1.2

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 1,229 2,077 2,911 2,232 2,760 − −40.8 −18.3 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 NA 3.7 1.7 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 12,623 12,169 11,044 10,970 11,783 NA 3.7 1.7 NA

Within State ................................ 8,129 7,680 6,646 6,499 6,956 NA 5.8 4.0 NA

To Other States ........................... 4,494 4,489 4,398 4,470 4,827 NA .1 −1.8 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

Consumption Total ........................... 19,711 19,014 18,205 16,792 16,682 16,419 3.7 4.3 2.0

Electric Utility ............................... 19,025 18,316 17,503 16,117 16,021 15,758 3.9 4.4 2.1

Other Industrial.............................. 685 698 702 675 657 w −1.8 1.1 w

Residential/Commercial ................. * * * * 5 w −83.5 −67.5 w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 1,925 1,414 2,024 3,032 3,129 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 1,855 1,386 1,992 2,998 3,090 w w w

All Other........................................ 49 70 28 32 34 w −29.5 9.3 w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w w w w

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $27.21 $27.12 $28.95 $29.55 $28.65 $29.98 .3 −1.3 −1.1

Other Industrial.............................. 39.88 38.67 38.81 39.27 40.46 39.54 3.1 −.4 .1

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 251 
Table A3. Colorado Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 616,548 540,199 567,538 641,615 692,030 546,239 14.1 −2.8 1.3

Productive Capacity1........................ 41,098 36,658 35,466 29,330 32,435 NA 12.1 6.1 NA

Production Total ............................... 29,989 29,631 27,449 24,886 25,710 18,910 1.2 3.9 5.3

Underground .................................. 20,478 19,705 17,820 15,581 17,187 10,628 3.9 4.5 7.5

Surface ........................................... 9,511 9,926 9,628 9,305 8,523 8,281 −4.2 2.8 1.5

Capacity Utilization2........................ 72.97 80.83 77.39 84.85 79.27 NA −9.7 −2.0 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 20.6 18.2 20.7 25.8 26.9 28.9 12.8 −6.5 −3.7 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 1,863 1,845 1,362 1,332 1,777 2,009 1.0 1.2 −.8 R Productivity Total2........................... 7.93 7.89 7.68 7.32 6.14 4.24 .5 6.6 7.2 R Underground .................................. 8.13 7.73 7.44 6.67 5.86 3.26 5.1 8.5 10.7 R Surface ........................................... 7.53 8.22 8.17 8.76 6.79 6.86 −8.4 2.6 1.0

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 1,661 1,594 1,364 494 1,063 − 4.2 11.8 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 30,017 29,294 26,968 25,405 25,635 NA 2.5 4.0 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 28,198 27,541 25,445 23,990 24,734 NA 2.4 3.3 NA

Within State ................................ 12,294 11,993 12,307 10,704 11,820 NA 2.5 1.0 NA

To Other States ........................... 15,904 15,547 13,138 13,286 12,915 NA 2.3 5.3 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,415 900 NA 3.7 19.2 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − − 30 − NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,385 900 NA 3.7 19.2 NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,415 900 NA 3.7 19.2 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − − 30 − NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 1,819 1,754 1,523 1,385 900 NA 3.7 19.2 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R RR Consumption Total ........................... 18,235 18,072 17,908 17,222 16,971 16,710 .9 1.8 1.0

Electric Utility ............................... 17,704 17,663 17,116 16,841 16,222 15,924 .2 2.2 1.2 R RR Other Industrial.............................. 429 391 728 368 729 729 9.6 −12.4 −5.7

Residential/Commercial................. 102 18 65 13 20 w 481.0 51.0 w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 2,862 2,476 3,054 3,682 w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 2,840 2,458 3,027 3,622 3,298 w w w

All Other........................................ 19 23 18 27 59 w −15.7 −24.8 w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $17.23 $17.30 $18.46 $17.94 $19.26 $21.75 −.4 −2.7 −2.5

Underground .................................. 16.30 16.38 18.50 17.73 18.58 24.27 −.4 −3.2 −4.3

Surface ........................................... 19.27 16.99 18.40 18.28 20.63 18.53 13.4 −1.7 .4

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $19.20 $19.41 19.93 20.24 20.73 20.81 −1.0 −1.9 −.9

Other Industrial.............................. 23.99 23.75 25.13 23.17 26.11 26.93 1.0 −2.1 −1.3

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

252 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A4. Illinois Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 780,453 743,592 744,512 891,109 882,323 1,173,982 4.9 −3.0 −4.4

Productive Capacity1........................ 48,783 47,625 51,523 61,727 56,627 NA 2.4 −3.6 NA

Production Total ............................... 40,417 39,732 41,159 46,656 48,180 60,393 1.7 −4.3 −4.4

Underground .................................. 36,758 35,251 34,824 38,948 41,118 41,671 4.3 −2.8 −1.4

Surface ........................................... 3,659 4,482 6,334 7,707 7,062 18,722 −18.4 −15.1 −16.6

Capacity Utilization2........................ 82.85 83.43 79.87 75.58 85.08 NA −.7 −.7 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 19.3 18.7 18.1 19.1 18.3 19.4 3.2 1.3 −.1 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 4,323 4,297 4,612 5,174 5,652 10,018 .6 −6.5 −8.9 R Productivity Total2........................... 4.19 4.17 4.20 4.18 3.87 2.94 .4 2.0 4.0 R Underground .................................. 4.29 4.20 4.07 4.10 3.86 2.70 2.3 2.7 5.3 R Surface ........................................... 3.36 3.98 5.11 4.67 3.89 3.64 −15.7 −3.6 −.9

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 1,049 952 1,358 1,190 2,069 − 10.1 −15.6 −

Imports3 ............................................ 30 61 148 216 223 − −50.6 −39.4 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 40,167 39,754 41,220 47,076 47,869 NA 1.0 −4.3 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 40,102 39,447 40,447 45,190 45,170 NA 1.7 −2.9 NA

Within State ................................ 17,592 16,652 18,085 16,052 15,587 NA 5.6 3.1 NA

To Other States ........................... 22,511 22,795 22,362 29,137 29,582 NA −1.2 −6.6 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 65 307 773 1,886 2,699 NA −78.8 −60.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − − − 49 NA − −100.0 NA

Steam..................................... 65 307 773 1,886 2,650 NA −78.8 −60.4 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 65 307 773 1,886 2,699 NA −78.8 −60.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − − − 49 NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 65 307 773 1,886 2,650 NA −78.8 −60.4 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 42,170 44,662 47,637 44,431 39,623 33,904 −5.6 1.6 2.4

Electric Utility ............................... 35,996 38,255 41,017 38,090 33,463 27,396 −5.9 1.8 3.1 RR Other Industrial.............................. 3,635 3,846 3,880 3,740 3,653 3,888 −5.5 −.1 −.7

Coke ............................................... w w w w w 2,355 w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w 265 w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w 8,287 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 6,572 4,828 4,578 5,331 7,398 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w 889 w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $22.90 $22.86 $21.44 $22.74 $23.05 $27.73 .2 −.2 −2.1

Underground .................................. 22.84 22.96 22.22 23.12 22.88 28.30 −.5 − −2.4

Surface ........................................... 23.56 22.07 17.12 20.86 24.04 26.45 6.8 −.5 −1.3

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $27.47 $30.22 30.41 32.14 32.58 37.79 −9.1 −4.2 −3.5

Other Industrial.............................. 29.62 29.46 29.76 29.69 29.03 31.28 .5 .5 −.6

Coke ............................................... w w w w w 47.91 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 253 
Table A5. Indiana Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 290,640 313,382 393,357 386,063 323,667 444,020 −7.3 −2.6 −4.6

Productive Capacity1........................ 41,355 42,190 36,999 35,564 35,256 NA −2.0 4.1 NA

Production Total ............................... 34,004 36,803 35,497 29,670 26,007 35,907 −7.6 6.9 −.6

Underground .................................. 3,553 3,445 3,530 2,963 3,540 3,037 3.1 .1 1.8

Surface ........................................... 30,451 33,359 31,967 26,707 22,467 32,870 −8.7 7.9 −.8

Capacity Utilization2........................ 82.22 87.19 95.94 83.42 73.70 NA −5.7 2.8 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 8.5 8.5 11.1 13.0 12.4 12.4 .4 −9.0 −4.0 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 2,633 2,930 2,712 2,579 2,571 4,195 −10.1 .6 −5.0 R Productivity Total2........................... 5.42 5.17 5.33 4.98 4.68 3.84 4.9 3.8 3.9 R Underground .................................. 3.44 3.63 3.74 3.09 3.22 2.90 −5.1 1.7 1.9 R Surface ........................................... 5.81 5.41 5.59 5.34 5.04 3.96 7.5 3.6 4.4

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 521 672 698 574 611 − −22.4 −3.9 −

Imports3 ............................................ 193 976 474 735 761 − −80.2 −29.0 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 34,215 36,774 34,810 29,674 25,695 NA −7.0 7.4 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 34,215 36,774 34,805 29,664 25,625 NA −7.0 7.5 NA

Within State ................................ 30,742 32,872 29,916 24,309 21,185 NA −6.5 9.8 NA

To Other States ........................... 3,473 3,902 4,889 5,354 4,439 NA −11.0 −5.9 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. − − 5 11 70 NA − −100.0 NA

Steam ..................................... − − 5 11 70 NA − −100.0 NA

Canada Total ............................... − − − − * NA − − NA

Steam..................................... − − − − * NA − − NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... − − 5 11 69 NA − − NA

Steam ..................................... − − 5 11 69 NA − − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 66,157 66,300 66,051 64,021 62,631 61,701 −.2 1.4 .8

Electric Utility ............................... 55,105 55,086 54,845 52,855 52,089 47,654 * 1.4 1.6 RR Other Industrial.............................. 4,145 4,399 5,096 4,987 4,373 4,629 −5.8 −1.3 −1.2

Coke ............................................... w w 5,715 5,823 5,883 8,867 w w w

Residential/Commercial................. 343 371 395 356 287 551 −7.5 4.6 −5.1

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 8,989 6,643 7,955 9,298 12,226 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 8,198 5,822 7,103 8,435 10,610 w w w

All Other........................................ 811 791 821 853 863 1,616 2.6 −1.5 −7.4

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $19.99 $19.68 $19.62 $20.24 $21.71 $23.91 1.6 −2.0 −2.0

Underground .................................. w w w w w w w w w

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w w w w

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $23.58 $23.63 $24.35 $24.67 $25.94 $28.78 −.2 −2.3 −2.2

Other Industrial.............................. 30.33 30.21 29.75 31.76 33.14 32.83 .4 −2.2 −.9

Coke ............................................... w w 50.75 51.93 52.74 49.39 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

254 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A6. Kentucky Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 1,119,287 1,179,662 1,330,702 1,255,351 1,279,011 1,585,081 −5.1 −3.3 −3.8

Productive Capacity1........................ 182,633 187,582 195,453 189,225 203,173 NA −2.6 −2.6 NA

Production Total ............................... 139,626 150,295 155,853 152,425 153,739 173,322 −7.1 −2.4 −2.4

Underground .................................. 86,150 92,832 96,302 94,306 94,207 105,290 −7.2 −2.2 −2.2

Surface ........................................... 53,476 57,462 59,551 58,119 59,532 68,032 −6.9 −2.6 −2.6

Capacity Utilization2........................ 76.32 79.98 79.62 80.38 75.49 NA −4.6 .3 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 8.0 7.8 8.5 8.2 8.3 9.1 2.1 −.9 −1.4 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 17,211 18,927 18,937 18,826 21,125 30,498 −9.1 −5.0 −6.1 R Productivity Total2........................... 3.89 3.79 3.94 3.80 3.57 2.83 2.4 2.1 3.6 R Underground .................................. 3.55 3.51 3.64 3.53 3.25 2.54 1.2 2.2 3.8 R Surface ........................................... 4.60 4.37 4.57 4.35 4.23 3.43 5.1 2.1 3.3

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 5,510 4,651 5,376 4,460 4,777 − 18.5 3.6 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 138,632 153,102 152,746 152,891 151,466 NA −9.4 −2.2 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 133,997 146,171 145,526 143,748 141,771 NA −8.3 −1.4 NA

Within State ................................ 25,939 29,690 22,813 25,700 27,140 NA −12.6 −1.1 NA

To Other States ........................... 108,057 116,481 122,713 118,047 114,631 NA −7.2 −1.5 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 4,636 6,931 7,220 9,143 9,695 NA −33.1 −16.8 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 3,907 5,042 4,762 5,303 3,640 NA −22.5 1.8 NA

Steam..................................... 728 1,889 2,458 3,841 6,055 NA −61.4 −41.1 NA

Canada Total ............................... 1,497 1,459 739 1,178 777 NA 2.6 17.8 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 1,459 1,459 739 1,178 777 NA * 17.0 NA

Steam..................................... 38 − − −− NA − − NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... 3,138 5,472 6,481 7,966 8,918 NA −42.6 −23.0 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 2,448 3,583 4,023 4,125 2,863 NA −31.7 −3.8 NA

Steam..................................... 691 1,889 2,458 3,841 6,055 NA −63.4 −41.9 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R RR Consumption Total ........................... 37,495 38,798 41,889 40,862 39,516 34,449 −3.3 −1.3 .9

Electric Utility ............................... 34,711 35,842 38,281 37,072 35,707 30,867 −3.1 −.7 1.3 R RR Other Industrial.............................. 1,108 1,392 1,912 2,321 2,250 2,253 −20.4 −16.2 −7.6

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial................. 401 232 354 117 130 151 73.1 32.4 11.5

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 4,668 4,475 4,119 4,472 7,612 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $23.50 $23.82 $23.72 $23.91 $24.79 $25.19 −1.3 −1.3 −.8

Underground .................................. 23.82 24.23 24.73 24.66 25.18 25.24 −1.7 −1.4 −.6

Surface ........................................... 22.97 23.16 22.08 22.68 24.19 25.11 −.8 −1.3 −1.0

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $24.52 $24.52 24.20 24.43 25.71 27.58 * −1.2 −1.3

Other Industrial.............................. 42.72 43.66 44.71 44.02 44.09 45.81 −2.1 −.8 −.8

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available. R Revised Data.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 255 
Table A7. Montana Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 1,146,570 1,191,240 1,167,892 1,308,793 1,250,866 1,872,492 −3.7 −2.1 −5.3

Productive Capacity1........................ 54,882 55,882 56,140 56,175 51,597 NA −1.8 1.5 NA

Production Total ............................... 41,102 42,840 41,005 37,891 39,451 37,616 −4.0 1.0 1.0

Underground .................................. − − 8 147 10 − − − −

Surface ........................................... 41,102 42,840 40,997 37,744 39,441 37,616 −4.0 1.0 1.0

Capacity Utilization2........................ 74.89 76.66 73.03 67.45 76.44 NA −2.3 −.5 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 27.9 27.8 28.5 34.5 31.7 49.8 .3 −3.1 −6.2 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 927 925 708 705 722 821 .2 6.4 1.3

 R Productivity Total2........................... 22.84 22.96 23.56 21.88 21.06 18.78 −.5 2.0 2.2 R Underground .................................. − .00 − 3.50 − −− − − R Surface ........................................... 22.84 22.96 23.56 22.34 21.06 18.78 −.5 2.0 2.2

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 603 745 682 580 718 − −19.0 −4.3 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 41,332 42,674 40,942 38,288 39,620 NA −3.1 1.1 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 40,649 41,860 40,363 37,770 39,362 NA −2.9 .8 NA

Within State ................................ 10,346 10,360 9,019 7,844 9,477 NA −.1 2.2 NA

To Other States ........................... 30,303 31,500 31,345 29,926 29,885 NA −3.8 .3 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 682 814 579 518 259 NA −16.1 27.4 NA

Steam..................................... 682 814 579 518 259 NA −16.1 27.4 NA

Canada Total ............................... 682 814 438 316 259 NA −16.1 27.4 NA

Steam..................................... 682 814 438 316 259 NA −16.1 27.4 NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... − − 141 202 − NA − − NA

Steam ..................................... − − 141 202 − NA − − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R RR Consumption Total ........................... 10,369 10,776 9,474 8,032 10,005 9,676 −3.8 .9 .8

Electric Utility ............................... 10,198 10,627 9,286 7,897 9,373 9,399 −4.0 2.1 .9 R RR Other Industrial.............................. 168 145 105 130 621 220 16.2 −27.9 −2.9

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 335 410 508 511 767 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $8.82 $8.25 $9.84 $9.96 $9.62 $9.42 6.8 −2.2 −.7

Underground .................................. − − w 9.68 − −− − −

Surface ........................................... $8.82 $8.25 w 9.97 9.62 9.42 6.8 −2.2 −.7

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $12.26 $11.36 $11.52 11.90 11.47 11.47 7.9 1.7 .7

Other Industrial.............................. w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

256 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A8. New Mexico Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 1,384,562 1,384,761 1,415,028 1,436,359 1,479,956 1,526,520 * −1.6 −1.1

Productive Capacity1........................ 32,797 32,790 31,604 32,695 32,760 NA * * NA

Production Total ............................... 29,156 28,597 27,025 24,067 26,813 24,292 1.9 2.1 2.0

Underground .................................. 106 203 − − 640 76 −48.0 −36.3 3.7

Surface ........................................... 29,051 28,394 27,025 24,067 26,173 24,217 2.3 2.6 2.0

Capacity Utilization2........................ 88.90 87.21 85.51 73.61 81.85 NA 1.9 2.1 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 47.5 48.4 52.4 59.7 55.2 62.8 −1.9 −3.7 −3.1 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 1,687 1,734 1,339 1,347 1,747 1,472 −2.7 −.9 1.5 R Productivity Total2........................... 8.30 7.92 9.37 8.45 6.92 7.64 4.8 4.7 .9 R Underground .................................. 2.10 4.01 − − 2.68 4.27 −47.6 −5.8 −7.6 R Surface ........................................... 8.39 7.98 9.37 8.45 7.19 7.66 5.2 3.9 1.0

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,528 1,916 1,023 1,890 2,015 − 32.0 5.8 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 28,450 28,026 27,377 25,043 26,154 NA 1.5 2.1 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 28,450 28,026 27,352 25,035 25,640 NA 1.5 2.6 NA

Within State ................................ 16,423 15,819 15,786 15,009 14,630 NA 3.8 2.9 NA

To Other States ........................... 12,028 12,206 11,566 10,026 11,010 NA −1.5 2.2 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. − − 25 9 514 NA − −100.0 NA

Steam ..................................... − − 25 9 514 NA − −100.0 NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... − − 25 9 514 NA − − NA

Steam ..................................... − − 25 9 514 NA − − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R Consumption Total ........................... 16,303 15,963 15,887 15,297 15,221 15,111 2.1 1.7 .8

Electric Utility ............................... 16,224 15,883 15,802 15,215 15,137 15,065 2.1 1.7 .8

Other Industrial.............................. w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 789 795 815 967 1,538 w w w

All Other........................................ 3 w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $20.97 $20.68 $21.83 $24.66 $23.80 $22.43 1.4 −3.1 −.7

Underground .................................. w w − w w ww w w

Surface ........................................... w w 21.83 w w w w w w

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $24.27 $23.72 24.23 $26.04 $25.59 $24.03 2.3 −1.3 .1

Other Industrial.............................. w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 257 
Table A9. North Dakota Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 1,188,258 1,169,618 1,210,828 1,301,400 1,667,596 1,414,294 1.6 −8.1 −1.9

Productive Capacity1........................ 32,610 32,484 32,568 32,184 34,464 NA .4 −1.4 NA

Production Total ............................... 31,135 29,912 29,580 29,861 30,112 29,213 4.1 .8 .7

Surface ........................................... 31,135 29,912 29,580 29,861 30,112 29,213 4.1 .8 .7

Capacity Utilization2........................ 95.48 92.08 90.82 92.78 87.37 NA 3.7 2.2 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 38.2 39.1 40.9 43.6 55.4 48.4 −2.4 −8.9 −2.6 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 925 928 657 640 716 931 −.3 6.6 −.1 R Productivity Total2........................... 17.26 16.77 17.82 17.20 16.80 16.12 2.9 .7 .8 R Surface ........................................... 17.26 16.77 17.82 17.20 16.80 16.12 2.9 .7 .8

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,561 2,364 1,965 1,574 1,797 − 8.3 9.3 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,118 NA 1.2 .7 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 30,118 NA 1.2 .7 NA

Within State ................................ 30,938 30,557 29,172 30,025 28,838 NA 1.2 1.8 NA

To Other States ........................... −−−− 1,281 NA − − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

Consumption Total ........................... 31,287 31,060 29,360 30,511 30,237 28,114 .7 .8 1.2

Electric Utility ............................... 24,542 24,278 22,754 23,640 22,680 21,579 1.1 2.0 1.4

Other Industrial.............................. w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 1,580 1,755 1,642 1,858 2,828 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $8.01 $8.01 $8.06 $8.01 $7.99 $7.67 − − .5

Surface ........................................... $8.01 $8.01 8.06 8.01 7.99 7.67 − − .5

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $9.56 $10.01 10.21 9.72 9.65 9.10 −4.4 −.2 .5

Other Industrial.............................. w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

258 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A10. Ohio Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 382,519 356,132 318,428 414,759 467,984 691,984 7.4 −4.9 −6.4

Productive Capacity1........................ 30,617 33,691 33,443 37,584 34,011 NA −9.1 −2.6 NA

Production Total ............................... 22,480 28,048 29,154 28,572 26,118 35,252 −19.8 −3.7 −4.9

Underground .................................. 11,431 14,604 16,949 15,912 13,077 12,920 −21.7 −3.3 −1.3

Surface ........................................... 11,048 13,444 12,205 12,660 13,041 22,332 −17.8 −4.1 −7.5

Capacity Utilization2........................ 73.10 83.13 87.07 75.88 76.55 NA −12.0 −1.1 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 17.0 12.7 10.9 14.5 17.9 19.6 34.0 −1.3 −1.6 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 3,069 3,415 3,124 3,232 3,386 5,866 −10.1 −2.4 −6.9 R Productivity Total2........................... 3.19 3.50 4.02 3.95 3.62 2.80 −8.7 −3.1 1.4 R Underground .................................. 3.02 3.48 4.18 4.19 3.81 2.34 −13.4 −5.6 2.8 R Surface ........................................... 3.40 3.52 3.81 3.69 3.46 3.17 −3.3 −.4 .8

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 800 1,276 774 532 1,374 − −37.3 −12.6 −

Imports3 ............................................ − − 1 11 − −−100.0 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 23,074 27,166 29,434 28,881 24,345 NA −15.1 −1.3 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 23,068 26,503 29,024 28,609 24,318 NA −13.0 −1.3 NA

Within State ................................ 20,521 23,091 24,521 24,478 20,228 NA −11.1 .4 NA

To Other States ........................... 2,547 3,412 4,502 4,131 4,090 NA −25.3 −11.2 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 6 663 410 271 28 NA −99.1 −32.6 NA

Steam..................................... 6 663 410 271 28 NA −99.1 −32.6 NA

Canada Total ............................... 4 204 − 3 13 NA −98.1 −25.7 NA

Steam ..................................... 4 204 − 3 13 NA −98.1 −25.7 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 2 459 410 269 15 NA −99.6 −41.1 NA

Steam..................................... 2 459 410 269 15 NA −99.6 −41.1 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 57,500 60,356 58,821 59,835 56,580 59,205 −4.7 .4 −.3

Electric Utility ............................... 52,123 54,455 52,893 53,543 49,785 48,848 −4.3 1.1 .7 RR Other Industrial.............................. 3,371 3,684 3,751 3,794 3,609 4,753 −8.5 −1.7 −3.7

Coke ............................................... w w 1,848 1,842 2,777 4,949 w w w

Residential/Commercial................. 217 391 329 656 409 654 −44.4 −14.6 −11.5

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 6,175 6,324 5,428 5,936 10,471 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 5,902 6,066 5,229 5,661 9,956 w w w

All Other........................................ 212 273 257 199 275 515 −22.5 −6.3 −9.4

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $28.18 $27.56 $23.66 $24.85 $25.97 $28.65 2.3 2.1 −.2

Underground .................................. 31.50 28.48 25.16 25.98 28.98 33.93 10.6 2.1 −.8

Surface ........................................... 24.52 26.61 21.57 23.43 22.92 25.57 −7.9 1.7 −.5

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $32.47 $32.52 31.41 32.31 34.44 36.01 −.1 −1.4 −1.1

Other Industrial.............................. 34.44 33.52 34.05 35.28 35.18 35.04 2.8 −.5 −.2

Coke ............................................... w w 46.89 44.98 42.18 48.29 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 259 
Table A11. Pennsylvania Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 657,416 774,883 905,320 796,035 736,601 1,126,272 −15.1 −2.8 −5.8

Productive Capacity1........................ 93,770 94,581 87,527 81,684 77,187 NA −.8 5.0 NA

Production Total ............................... 76,399 81,036 76,198 67,942 61,576 70,514 −5.7 5.5 .9

Underground .................................. 59,211 59,553 54,829 47,247 41,409 40,530 −.6 9.3 4.3

Surface ........................................... 17,188 21,483 21,369 20,694 20,167 29,984 −20.0 −3.9 −6.0

Capacity Utilization2........................ 81.06 85.28 86.46 82.53 78.81 NA −4.9 .7 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 8.6 9.6 11.9 11.7 12.0 16.0 −10.0 −7.9 −6.6 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 9,318 9,915 9,575 9,021 8,968 15,903 −6.0 1.0 −5.8 R Productivity Total2........................... 3.81 3.77 3.63 3.36 3.23 2.24 1.1 4.2 6.1 R Underground .................................. 4.31 4.22 4.05 3.74 3.49 2.12 2.2 5.4 8.2 R Surface ........................................... 2.72 2.91 2.86 2.72 2.79 2.42 −6.5 −.6 1.3

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,134 2,682 2,507 3,113 2,487 − −20.4 −3.8 −

Imports3 ............................................ − − 72 80 87 − −−100.0 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 75,669 80,525 73,725 69,128 62,240 NA −6.0 5.0 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 68,703 72,616 65,027 59,882 53,961 NA −5.4 6.2 NA

Within State ................................ 36,912 41,917 40,834 39,222 36,147 NA −11.9 .5 NA

To Other States ........................... 31,791 30,700 24,193 20,660 17,814 NA 3.5 15.6 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 6,966 7,908 8,698 9,246 8,279 NA −11.9 −4.2 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 1,985 1,912 2,105 1,642 1,467 NA 3.8 7.8 NA

Steam..................................... 4,981 5,996 6,593 7,604 6,812 NA −16.9 −7.5 NA

Canada Total ............................... 2,552 2,286 2,612 1,050 713 NA 11.7 37.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 20 17 − − 4 NA 16.6 47.7 NA

Steam..................................... 2,533 2,269 2,612 1,050 708 NA 11.6 37.5 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 4,414 5,623 6,087 8,196 7,566 NA −21.5 −12.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 1,965 1,895 2,105 1,642 1,463 NA 3.7 7.6 NA

Steam..................................... 2,449 3,728 3,981 6,554 6,103 NA −34.3 −20.4 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 45,414 54,504 58,673 57,226 55,326 57,319 −16.7 −4.8 −2.5

Electric Utility ............................... 34,558 42,971 42,603 41,076 39,252 41,465 −19.6 −3.1 −2.0 RR Other Industrial.............................. 3,587 3,584 4,492 4,466 4,027 4,090 .1 −2.8 −1.4

Coke ............................................... w w 10,334 10,689 10,858 10,456 w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. 690 841 1,244 995 1,188 1,308 −17.9 −12.7 −6.8

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 9,057 8,658 8,857 10,303 15,426 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 8,441 7,790 7,878 9,244 14,363 w w w

All Other........................................ 637 616 868 980 1,059 1,063 3.4 −11.9 −5.5

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

 R Mine Total ........................................ $24.14 $25.79 $25.98 $25.78 $26.78 $30.15 −6.4 −2.6 −2.4

Underground .................................. 23.86 25.40 26.30 25.79 27.09 33.23 −6.1 −3.1 −3.6 R Surface ........................................... 25.07 27.02 25.13 25.76 26.14 25.91 −7.8 −1.0 −.4

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $32.61 $33.28 33.28 34.06 33.48 37.25 −2.0 −.7 −1.5

Other Industrial.............................. 33.63 34.33 34.20 33.84 34.07 36.61 −2.0 −.3 −.9

Coke ............................................... w w 46.20 45.16 46.11 45.78 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

260 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A12. Texas Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 755,506 791,111 921,939 878,486 939,901 1,209,492 −4.5 −5.3 −5.1

Productive Capacity1........................ 54,705 54,475 54,614 59,604 54,758 NA .4 * NA

Production Total ............................... 53,072 52,583 53,328 55,164 52,684 55,755 .9 .2 −.5

Surface ........................................... 53,072 52,583 53,328 55,164 52,684 55,755 .9 .2 −.5

Capacity Utilization2........................ 97.02 96.53 97.64 92.55 96.21 NA .5 .2 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 14.2 15.0 17.3 15.9 17.8 21.7 −5.4 −5.5 −4.6 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 2,464 2,523 1,363 1,550 1,590 2,131 −2.3 11.6 1.6 R Productivity Total2........................... 10.08 9.66 10.24 10.13 9.10 7.48 4.4 2.6 3.4 R Surface ........................................... 10.08 9.66 10.24 10.13 9.10 7.48 4.4 2.6 3.4

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 1,187 1,319 1,506 1,254 864 − −10.0 8.3 −

Imports3 ............................................ 69 170 99 16 − −−59.4 − −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 53,075 52,935 53,463 49,655 52,832 NA .3 .1 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 52,903 52,913 53,463 49,538 52,812 NA * * NA

Within State ................................ 52,855 52,769 53,463 49,538 52,812 NA .2 * NA

To Other States ........................... 48 144 − −− NA −66.9 − NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 172 22 − 117 20 NA NM 72.0 NA

Steam ..................................... 172 22 − 117 20 NA NM 72.0 NA

Canada Total ............................... 72 − − −− NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 72 − − −− NA − − NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 100 22 − 117 20 NA 348.3 50.2 NA

Steam ..................................... 100 22 − 117 20 NA 348.3 50.2 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 102,157 99,098 101,304 98,998 92,612 91,415 3.1 2.5 1.2

Electric Utility ............................... 97,746 94,661 96,537 94,189 88,358 87,248 3.3 2.5 1.3 RR Other Industrial.............................. 4,403 4,422 4,766 4,808 4,255 4,157 −.4 .8 .6

Residential/Commercial ................. 8 14 * − − w −41.4 − w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 8,007 6,540 10,477 10,829 w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 7,784 6,352 10,287 10,628 8,531 w w w

All Other........................................ 192 223 188 190 201 w −13.7 −1.2 w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $12.46 $12.47 $12.15 $12.17 $12.16 $11.20 * .6 1.2

Surface ........................................... $12.46 $12.47 12.15 12.17 12.16 11.20 * .6 1.2

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $18.01 $18.61 18.69 19.26 19.65 21.19 −3.2 −2.1 −1.8

Other Industrial.............................. 21.01 21.05 20.13 18.99 18.76 16.79 −.2 2.9 2.5

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 261 
Table A13. Utah Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 424,045 433,354 432,777 284,433 374,750 505,042 −2.1 3.1 −1.9

Productive Capacity1........................ 32,158 33,838 30,281 30,230 30,888 NA −5.0 1.0 NA

Production Total ............................... 26,373 26,075 26,683 27,507 25,167 22,058 1.1 1.2 2.0

Underground .................................. 26,373 26,075 26,683 27,507 25,167 22,058 1.1 1.2 2.0

Capacity Utilization2........................ 81.98 77.06 88.09 90.97 81.48 NA 6.4 .1 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 16.1 16.6 16.2 10.3 14.9 22.9 −3.3 1.9 −3.8 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 1,837 2,072 1,922 1,804 1,893 2,434 −11.3 −.7 −3.1 R Productivity Total2........................... 6.84 6.16 6.34 7.23 7.02 4.74 11.1 −.6 4.1 R Underground .................................. 7.15 6.22 6.34 7.24 7.02 4.74 15.0 .5 4.7

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,147 1,809 2,112 1,337 1,946 − 18.7 2.5 −

Imports3 ............................................ 146 − − − − −− − −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 25,715 26,765 26,272 23,868 25,521 NA −3.9 .2 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 23,402 24,229 22,857 18,563 21,591 NA −3.4 2.0 NA

Within State ................................ 10,979 12,531 13,936 9,389 12,755 NA −12.4 −3.7 NA

To Other States ........................... 12,423 11,699 8,922 9,174 8,836 NA 6.2 8.9 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 2,313 2,535 3,414 5,305 3,930 NA −8.8 −12.4 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − 97 187 − NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 2,313 2,535 3,317 5,118 3,930 NA −8.8 −12.4 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 2,313 2,535 3,414 5,305 3,930 NA −8.8 −12.4 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − 97 187 − NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 2,313 2,535 3,317 5,118 3,930 NA −8.8 −12.4 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 16,191 17,052 16,105 15,237 15,307 15,738 −5.0 1.4 .3

Electric Utility ............................... 14,590 14,664 14,252 13,584 13,325 13,563 −.5 2.3 .8 RR Other Industrial.............................. 745 1,304 709 512 915 676 −42.8 −5.0 1.1

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 2,461 2,309 1,526 2,250 3,697 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $17.33 $18.47 $17.61 $21.63 $19.10 $18.53 −6.2 −2.4 −.7

Underground .................................. $17.33 $18.47 17.61 21.63 19.10 18.53 −6.2 −2.4 −.7

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $23.96 $25.97 25.22 24.66 25.27 26.80 −7.8 −1.3 −1.2

Other Industrial.............................. 21.53 19.05 19.28 19.10 19.74 28.49 13.0 2.2 −3.1

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

262 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A14. Virginia Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 220,268 190,061 207,765 188,344 203,159 423,584 15.9 2.0 −7.0

Productive Capacity1........................ 39,729 39,064 43,023 41,593 43,037 NA 1.7 −2.0 NA

Production Total ............................... 32,294 33,747 35,837 35,590 34,099 46,917 −4.3 −1.3 −4.1

Underground .................................. 22,562 25,212 26,929 25,568 25,372 39,150 −10.5 −2.9 −5.9

Surface ........................................... 9,732 8,535 8,907 10,022 8,727 7,767 14.0 2.8 2.5

Capacity Utilization2........................ 81.09 86.13 83.09 85.34 79.07 NA −5.8 .6 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 6.8 5.6 5.8 5.3 6.0 9.0 21.1 3.4 −3.1 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 5,450 5,887 6,235 6,241 6,919 10,342 −7.4 −5.8 −6.9 R Productivity Total2........................... 3.09 2.82 2.77 2.72 2.50 2.24 9.5 5.4 3.6 R Underground .................................. 2.87 2.64 2.56 2.44 2.25 2.14 8.7 6.3 3.3 R Surface ........................................... 3.73 3.51 3.69 3.79 3.73 2.89 6.4 * 2.9

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 2,240 2,565 2,328 1,644 1,649 − −12.6 8.0 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 31,634 33,539 35,577 36,208 34,024 NA −5.7 −1.8 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 22,865 20,728 22,736 22,776 24,283 NA 10.3 −1.5 NA

Within State ................................ 8,355 7,602 6,854 7,231 5,657 NA 9.9 10.2 NA

To Other States ........................... 14,510 13,126 15,882 15,545 18,625 NA 10.5 −6.0 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 8,770 12,810 12,841 13,432 9,742 NA −31.5 −2.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 8,036 12,649 12,288 12,760 8,921 NA −36.5 −2.6 NA

Steam..................................... 734 162 553 671 821 NA 353.3 −2.8 NA

Canada Total ............................... 734 719 508 387 445 NA 2.0 13.3 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − 719 508 387 445 NA −100.0 − NA

Steam..................................... 734 − − −− NA − − NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... 8,036 12,091 12,333 13,044 9,297 NA −33.5 −3.6 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 8,036 11,929 11,780 12,373 8,475 NA −32.6 −1.3 NA

Steam..................................... − 162 553 671 821 NA −100.0 − NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 15,802 15,857 15,273 14,983 13,378 13,105 −.3 4.3 2.1

Electric Utility ............................... 12,427 12,300 11,605 10,994 9,543 8,228 1.0 6.8 4.7 RR Other Industrial.............................. 2,230 2,368 2,500 2,613 2,585 3,756 −5.8 −3.6 −5.6

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 1,370 1,152 1,010 1,098 1,639 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $26.30 $28.69 $28.24 $28.45 $28.47 $28.05 −8.3 −1.9 −.7

Underground .................................. 26.73 29.55 29.07 29.46 29.20 28.39 −9.5 −2.2 −.7

Surface ........................................... 24.21 26.21 25.74 25.88 26.34 26.32 −7.6 −2.1 −.9

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $34.11 $34.73 34.98 35.73 36.90 39.29 −1.8 −1.9 −1.5

Other Industrial.............................. 42.93 43.60 43.85 43.51 42.50 41.05 −1.5 .3 .5

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available. R Revised Data.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 263 
Table A15. West Virginia Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 1,464,660 1,911,052 1,736,836 1,731,154 1,731,400 2,115,125 −23.3 −4.1 −4.0

Productive Capacity1........................ 195,128 203,816 203,006 217,409 204,837 NA −4.3 −1.2 NA

Production Total ............................... 157,978 171,145 173,743 170,433 162,997 169,205 −7.7 −.8 −.8

Underground .................................. 103,727 117,191 116,523 115,585 110,029 123,306 −11.5 −1.5 −1.9

Surface ........................................... 54,251 53,955 57,220 54,848 52,968 45,898 .5 .6 1.9

Capacity Utilization2........................ 80.89 83.91 85.50 78.32 79.50 NA −3.6 .4 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 9.3 11.2 10.0 10.2 10.6 12.5 −17.0 −3.3 −3.3 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 15,536 17,822 18,245 20,121 21,334 29,578 −12.8 −7.6 −6.9 R Productivity Total2........................... 4.77 4.62 4.46 3.91 3.74 2.96 3.0 6.2 5.4 R Underground .................................. 4.31 4.29 4.03 3.50 3.40 2.70 .4 6.1 5.3 R Surface ........................................... 5.97 5.56 5.71 5.18 4.74 4.02 7.4 5.9 4.5

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 6,697 6,008 5,504 4,947 6,176 − 11.5 2.0 −

Imports3 ............................................ 5 − − − − −− − −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 157,730 172,612 172,236 169,200 165,187 NA −8.6 −1.1 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 134,882 135,082 133,777 127,156 120,866 NA −.1 2.8 NA

Within State ................................ 23,813 28,451 29,141 29,220 29,018 NA −16.3 −4.8 NA

To Other States ........................... 111,069 106,631 104,636 97,936 91,848 NA 4.2 4.9 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 22,848 37,531 38,459 42,044 44,321 NA −39.1 −15.3 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 20,120 32,224 30,327 31,717 34,633 NA −37.6 −12.7 NA

Steam..................................... 2,728 5,307 8,132 10,327 9,688 NA −48.6 −27.2 NA

Canada Total ............................... 9,474 10,500 8,291 7,222 5,784 NA −9.8 13.1 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 7,547 8,945 6,956 6,907 5,759 NA −15.6 7.0 NA

Steam..................................... 1,927 1,555 1,335 315 25 NA 23.9 196.8 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 13,374 27,031 30,168 34,822 38,537 NA −50.5 −23.3 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 12,574 23,279 23,370 24,810 28,874 NA −46.0 −18.8 NA

Steam..................................... 800 3,752 6,798 10,012 9,663 NA −78.7 −46.3 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 RR Consumption Total ........................... 39,419 38,949 37,160 36,140 34,489 34,896 1.2 3.4 1.4

Electric Utility ............................... 36,092 35,132 34,487 32,775 30,657 29,873 2.7 4.2 2.1 RR Other Industrial.............................. 1,600 1,913 1,690 1,630 1,984 2,918 −16.3 −5.2 −6.4

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Residential/Commercial ................. w w w w w w w w w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w w w w w w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 3,791 4,042 4,370 4,744 6,874 w w w

All Other........................................ w w w w w w w w w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $25.57 $27.07 $26.64 $26.58 $27.18 $28.62 −5.6 −1.5 −1.2

Underground .................................. 26.21 28.25 27.64 27.31 27.77 29.75 −7.2 −1.4 −1.4

Surface ........................................... 22.39 24.50 24.60 25.04 25.95 25.55 −8.6 −3.6 −1.5

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $29.22 $30.06 30.68 30.93 31.61 36.66 −2.8 −1.9 −2.5

Other Industrial.............................. 37.86 48.24 35.31 33.37 33.61 31.88 −21.5 3.0 1.9

Coke ............................................... w w w w w w w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1994 through 1998 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1989 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

264 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A16. Wyoming Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 7,093,750 7,220,356 6,464,670 6,591,293 6,723,963 6,563,528 −1.8 1.3 0.9

Productive Capacity1........................ 407,977 379,380 366,680 350,908 337,184 NA 7.5 4.9 NA

Production Total ............................... 337,119 314,409 281,881 278,440 263,822 184,249 7.2 6.3 6.9

Underground .................................. 1,673 1,723 2,846 2,641 2,008 1,722 −2.9 −4.5 −.3

Surface ........................................... 335,446 312,686 279,035 275,799 261,814 182,527 7.3 6.4 7.0

Capacity Utilization2........................ 82.63 82.87 76.87 79.35 78.24 NA −.3 1.4 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 21.0 23.0 22.9 23.7 25.5 35.6 −8.4 −4.7 −5.7 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 4,412 4,447 2,777 2,814 3,142 3,330 −.8 8.8 3.2 R Productivity Total2........................... 37.29 35.98 34.55 32.06 30.06 21.41 3.6 5.5 6.3 R Underground .................................. 10.29 9.14 10.13 9.18 5.97 2.80 12.6 14.5 15.5 R Surface ........................................... 37.78 36.57 35.42 32.84 31.02 22.84 3.3 5.0 5.8

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 5,917 3,873 2,036 1,504 1,997 − 52.8 31.2 −

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 337,027 314,891 280,795 279,117 263,601 NA 7.0 6.3 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 333,253 311,162 278,255 276,723 261,333 NA 7.1 6.3 NA

Within State ................................ 28,519 27,719 26,756 26,253 26,521 NA 2.9 1.8 NA

To Other States ........................... 304,734 283,443 251,499 250,470 234,812 NA 7.5 6.7 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 3,774 3,729 2,541 2,395 2,269 NA 1.2 13.6 NA

Steam..................................... 3,774 3,729 2,541 2,395 2,269 NA 1.2 13.6 NA

Canada Total ............................... 2,951 1,931 818 443 32 NA 52.8 210.9 NA

Steam ..................................... 2,951 1,931 818 443 32 NA 52.8 210.9 NA

Overseas Total3 .......................... 823 1,798 1,723 1,952 2,237 NA −54.2 −22.1 NA

Steam..................................... 823 1,798 1,723 1,952 2,237 NA −54.2 −22.1 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R Consumption Total ........................... 27,679 28,772 26,096 26,647 25,933 25,514 −3.8 1.6 .9

Electric Utility ............................... 25,639 26,674 23,997 24,430 23,850 23,526 −3.9 1.8 1.0 R Other Industrial.............................. 1,936 1,939 1,959 1,835 w w −.2 w w

Residential/Commercial................. 104 159 140 382 146 w −34.6 −8.0 w

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 1,320 1,555 2,267 2,936 w w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 1,243 1,498 2,197 2,857 3,215 w w w

All Other........................................ 69 77 57 71 79 w −10.2 −3.4 w

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $5.38 $5.41 $6.00 $6.41 $6.58 $8.43 −.7 −4.9 −4.9

Underground .................................. w w w w w w w w w

Surface ........................................... w w w w w w w w w

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $13.39 $13.83 $14.16 $14.30 $14.29 $14.74 −3.2 −1.6 −1.0

Other Industrial.............................. 24.26 24.10 23.68 22.32 22.72 24.91 .6 1.6 −.3

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Includes Mexico. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 265 
Table A17. All Other States Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

Recoverable Reserves....................... 583,316 361,383 416,535 427,163 420,998 588,588 61.4 8.5 −0.1

Productive Capacity1........................ 22,500 23,132 24,996 23,441 24,495 NA −2.7 −2.1 NA

Production Total ............................... 17,996 18,353 19,349 19,674 19,911 25,140 −1.9 −2.5 −3.6

Underground .................................. 4,968 4,618 4,909 5,227 4,880 6,617 7.6 .4 −3.1

Surface ........................................... 13,027 13,734 14,440 14,447 15,031 18,523 −5.1 −3.5 −3.8

Capacity Utilization2........................ 79.65 79.06 77.22 83.55 81.02 NA .8 −.4 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 32.4 19.7 21.5 21.7 21.1 23.4 64.6 11.3 3.7 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 2,153 2,129 2,344 2,394 2,312 4,297 1.1 −1.8 −7.4 R Productivity Total2........................... 4.00 4.15 3.78 3.73 3.96 2.84 −3.6 .2 3.9 R Underground .................................. 3.66 3.87 3.29 2.94 3.03 1.95 −5.4 4.8 7.3 R Surface ........................................... 4.15 4.25 3.98 4.13 4.41 3.39 −2.4 −1.5 2.3

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 518 389 539 292 784 − 33.1 −9.8 −

Imports3 ............................................ 4,944 6,167 5,192 5,267 5,084 1,366 −19.8 −.7 15.4

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 18,108 18,592 19,191 19,828 19,080 NA −2.6 −1.3 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 17,585 18,212 18,261 18,285 17,930 NA −3.4 −.5 NA

Within State ................................ 10 29 24 28 26 NA −67.0 −22.5 NA

To Other States ........................... 17,576 18,184 18,236 18,257 17,904 NA −3.3 −.5 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 541 380 931 1,544 1,150 NA 42.5 −17.2 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − 48 − 38 NA − −100.0 NA

Steam..................................... 541 380 882 1,544 1,112 NA 42.5 −16.5 NA

Canada Total ............................... 4 − * * 1 NA − 55.9 NA

Steam ..................................... 4 − * * 1 NA − 55.9 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 537 380 931 1,544 1,149 NA 41.4 −17.3 NA

Metallurgical ......................... − − 48 − 38 NA − − NA

Steam..................................... 537 380 882 1,544 1,112 NA 41.4 −16.6 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R RR Consumption Total ........................... 407,859 415,791 412,092 400,796 382,060 354,565 −1.9 1.6 1.6

Electric Utility ............................... 374,013 382,587 376,543 365,146 344,785 315,146 −2.2 2.0 1.9 R RR Other Industrial.............................. 27,666 28,177 29,946 30,467 31,653 33,065 −1.8 −3.3 −2.0

Coke ............................................... w w 2,677 2,686 2,784 3,740 w w w

Residential/Commercial................. 2,266 2,004 2,925 2,497 2,838 2,614 13.0 −5.5 −1.6

Consumer Stocks Total .................... w 63,195 48,790 60,121 62,368 71,991 w w w

Electric Utility ............................... w 59,476 45,078 55,817 58,348 66,880 w w w

All Other........................................ 3,786 3,719 3,712 4,304 4,021 5,111 1.8 −1.5 −3.3

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

 R Mine Total ........................................ $24.51 $24.09 $23.50 $24.06 $22.80 $25.18 1.7 1.8 −.3 R Underground .................................. 24.30 25.19 24.26 25.78 26.25 28.25 −3.5 −1.9 −1.7 R Surface ........................................... 24.59 23.70 23.24 23.44 21.67 24.09 3.8 3.2 .2

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $25.58 $26.38 27.39 27.46 28.22 33.18 −3.0 −2.4 −2.8

Other Industrial.............................. 37.11 37.96 38.47 38.22 38.51 40.30 −2.2 −.9 −.9

Coke ............................................... w w 49.16 51.21 51.67 53.79 w w w

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

R Revised Data. NA Not available.

Notes: Other States include Alaska, Arkansas, California, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Washington. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

266 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table A18. Total U.S. Coal Statistics, 1990, 1995-1999

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Category 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Supply (thousand short tons)

 R Recoverable Reserves....................... 18,919,666 19,322,240 19,164,398 19,427,980 20,105,197 22,761,328 −2.1 −1.5 −2.0 R Productive Capacity1........................ 1,345,632 1,337,679 1,325,604 1,324,712 1,299,054 NA .6 .9 NA

Production Total ............................... 1,100,431 1,117,535 1,089,932 1,063,856 1,032,974 1,029,076 −1.5 1.6 .7

Underground .................................. 391,790 417,728 420,657 409,849 396,249 424,546 −6.2 −.3 −.9

Surface ........................................... 708,642 699,807 669,274 654,007 636,725 604,529 1.3 2.7 1.8

Capacity Utilization2........................ 81.70 83.47 82.13 80.21 79.40 NA −2.1 .7 NA

Ratio of Recoverable

Reserves to Production..................... 17.2 17.3 17.6 18.3 19.5 22.1 −.6 −3.0 −2.8 R Number of Employees/Miners ......... 78,723 85,418 81,516 83,462 90,252 131,310 −7.8 −3.3 −5.5 R Productivity Total2........................... 6.61 6.20 6.04 5.69 5.38 3.83 6.6 5.3 6.3 R Underground .................................. 3.99 3.90 3.83 3.57 3.39 2.54 2.4 4.2 5.1 R Surface ........................................... 10.39 9.58 9.46 9.05 8.48 5.94 8.4 5.2 6.4

Producer/Distributor Stocks ............. 39,475 36,530 33,973 28,648 34,444 29,000 8.1 3.5 3.5

Imports3 ............................................ 6,079 7,543 6,200 6,476 6,317 1,366 −19.4 −.9 18.0

Distribution (thousand short tons)

Distribution Total ............................. 1,097,721 1,122,421 1,078,896 1,059,892 1,030,330 NA −2.2 1.6 NA

Domestic Distribution Total.......... 1,041,823 1,042,236 995,664 967,693 940,423 NA * 2.6 NA

Within State ................................ 348,389 367,564 356,763 340,005 336,821 NA −5.2 .8 NA

To Other States ........................... 693,434 674,672 638,901 627,688 603,602 NA 2.8 3.5 NA

Foreign Distribution Total............. 55,898 80,185 83,232 92,199 89,907 NA −30.3 −11.2 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 37,355 56,569 55,326 56,162 54,077 NA −34.0 −8.8 NA

Steam..................................... 18,543 23,616 27,906 36,037 35,830 NA −21.5 −15.2 NA

Canada Total ............................... 17,971 17,913 13,405 10,599 8,023 NA .3 22.3 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 9,026 11,140 8,203 8,472 6,986 NA −19.0 6.6 NA

Steam..................................... 8,945 6,772 5,202 2,127 1,037 NA 32.1 71.4 NA

Overseas Total4 .......................... 37,928 62,273 69,827 81,600 81,884 NA −39.1 −17.5 NA

Metallurgical ......................... 28,329 45,429 47,124 47,690 47,091 NA −37.6 −11.9 NA

Steam..................................... 9,598 16,844 22,704 33,910 34,793 NA −43.0 −27.5 NA

Demand (thousand short tons)

 R RR Consumption Total ........................... 1,044,538 1,038,292 1,030,145 1,006,306 962,038 902,893 93.7 26.9 25.5

Electric Utility ............................... 894,120 910,867 900,361 874,681 829,007 773,549 −1.8 1.9 1.6 R RR Other Industrial.............................. 64,738 67,439 71,515 71,689 73,055 76,330 −4.0 −3.0 −1.8

Coke ............................................... 28,108 28,189 30,203 31,706 33,011 38,877 −.3 −3.9 −3.5

Residential/Commercial................. 4,879 4,856 6,463 6,006 5,807 6,724 .5 −4.3 −3.5

Other Power Producers.................. 52,693 26,941 21,603 22,224 21,158 7,413 95.6 25.6 24.3

Consumer Stocks Total .................... 136,005 128,072 106,401 122,979 134,639 168,210 6.2 .3 −2.3

Electric Utility ............................... 128,494 120,501 98,826 114,623 126,304 156,166 6.6 .4 −2.1

All Other........................................ 7,511 7,571 7,576 8,355 8,334 12,044 −.8 −2.6 −5.1

Coal Prices (nominal dollars per short ton)

Mine Total ........................................ $16.63 $17.67 $18.14 $18.50 $18.83 $21.76 −5.8 −3.0 −2.9

Underground .................................. 24.33 25.64 25.68 25.96 26.18 28.58 −5.1 −1.8 −1.8

Surface ........................................... 12.37 12.92 13.39 13.82 14.25 16.98 −4.3 −3.5 −3.5

Consumer

Electric Utility ............................... $24.72 $25.64 26.16 26.45 27.01 30.45 −3.5 −2.2 −2.3

Other Industrial.............................. 31.59 32.30 32.41 32.32 32.42 33.59 −2.2 −.6 −.7

Coke ............................................... 45.85 46.06 47.61 47.33 47.34 47.73 −.4 −.8 −.4

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 Capacity utilization (percent) is the ratio of total production to annual productive capacity as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Productivity (short tons per miner per hour) is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, and shop or yard work at mining operations.

3 Imports for 1995 through 1999 include imports to electric utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants. Imports for 1990 include only imports to electric utilities.

4 Includes Mexico.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. R Revised Data. NA Not available. R Revised Data.

Notes: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; and U.S.

Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 267 
Appendix B

Metric Tables

In response to requests from international users of

U.S. coal statistics, certain summary data have been

converted from the customary short tons to metric.

This enables U.S. statistics to be compared with data

published by countries using the metric system. The

conversion to metric tons is made by multiplying

short tons by 0.907185.

The data converted to metric tons are from Tables

ES3, 1, 16, 25, 35, 48, 67, 68, 76, 80, 92, 94, 96, 98,

and 99.

Table B1. Trends in U.S. Coal Production, Imports, Consumption, Exports, and

Stocks, 1990, 1995-1999

(Million Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Activity 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Production ........................................................ 998 1,014 989 965 937 934 −1.5 1.6 0.7

Imports.............................................................. 8 8 7 7 9 2 4.2 −1.0 14.4

Producer and Distributor Stocks1.................... 36 33 31 26 31 26 8.1 3.5 3.5 R RRR Consumption .................................................... 948 942 935 913 873 819 0.6 2.1 1.6

Exports.............................................................. 53 71 76 82 80 96 −25.1 −9.8 −6.4

Consumer Stocks1............................................ 123 116 97 112 122 153 6.2 .3 −2.3

1 Reported as of the last day of the quarter. R Revised Data.

 Note: Consumption does not include coal consumed by other power producers.

Sources: • Production: Energy Information Administration (EIA), Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and

Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report’’; and State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports. • Imports: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’ • Producer and Distributor Stocks: EIA, Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’ • Exports: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

• Consumption and Consumer Stocks: EIA, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; Form EIA-3, Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing

Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; and Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 269 
Table B2. Coal Production by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 17,694 20,877 22,197 22,351 22,353 26,335 −15.2 −5.7 −4.3

Alaska............................................................... 1,420 1,220 1,315 1,343 1,540 1,548 16.4 −2.0 −.9

Arizona ............................................................. 10,693 10,265 10,635 9,473 10,838 10,254 4.2 −.3 .5

Arkansas ........................................................... 20 22 17 19 26 53 −9.2 −6.7 −10.3

California.......................................................... − − − − − 55 −− −

Colorado ........................................................... 27,206 26,881 24,901 22,576 23,324 17,155 1.2 3.9 5.3

Illinois............................................................... 36,666 36,045 37,338 42,325 43,708 54,787 1.7 −4.3 −4.4

Indiana .............................................................. 30,848 33,387 32,203 26,916 23,593 32,574 −7.6 6.9 −.6

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 346 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 371 309 326 211 258 654 20.0 9.4 −6.1

Kentucky Total................................................. 126,667 136,345 141,388 138,278 139,470 157,235 −7.1 −2.4 −2.4

Eastern ........................................................... 99,830 105,827 109,695 106,096 107,539 116,479 −5.7 −1.8 −1.7

Western.......................................................... 26,837 30,518 31,693 32,182 31,931 40,756 −12.1 −4.3 −4.5

Louisiana .......................................................... 2,679 2,918 3,216 2,922 3,374 2,890 −8.2 −5.6 −.8

Maryland .......................................................... 3,481 3,683 3,774 3,713 3,327 3,163 −5.5 1.1 1.1

Mississippi........................................................ 17 − − − − −− − −

Missouri............................................................ 356 337 364 644 497 2,401 5.4 −8.0 −19.1

Montana............................................................ 37,287 38,864 37,199 34,374 35,789 34,125 −4.0 1.0 1.0

New Mexico..................................................... 26,450 25,943 24,517 21,834 24,324 22,038 1.9 2.1 2.0

North Dakota.................................................... 28,245 27,136 26,834 27,089 27,317 26,502 4.1 .8 .7

Ohio .................................................................. 20,393 25,445 26,449 25,920 23,694 31,980 −19.8 −3.7 −4.9

Oklahoma ......................................................... 1,507 1,507 1,470 1,543 1,702 1,540 * −3.0 −.2

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 69,308 73,515 69,126 61,636 55,860 63,969 −5.7 5.5 .9

Anthracite ...................................................... 4,312 4,746 4,244 4,310 4,248 3,181 −9.1 .4 3.4

Bituminous .................................................... 64,996 68,769 64,882 57,325 51,613 60,788 −5.5 5.9 .7

Tennessee ......................................................... 2,755 2,446 2,994 3,312 2,922 5,618 12.6 −1.5 −7.6

Texas ................................................................ 48,146 47,703 48,378 50,044 47,794 50,580 .9 .2 −.5

Utah .................................................................. 23,925 23,655 24,206 24,954 22,831 20,011 1.1 1.2 2.0

Virginia............................................................. 29,297 30,615 32,511 32,286 30,934 42,562 −4.3 −1.3 −4.1

Washington....................................................... 3,721 4,208 4,078 4,142 4,416 4,537 −11.6 −4.2 −2.2

West Virginia Total ......................................... 143,316 155,260 157,617 154,614 147,869 153,500 −7.7 −.8 −.8

Northern......................................................... 35,188 40,477 38,829 41,649 41,834 51,384 −13.1 −4.2 −4.1

Southern......................................................... 108,128 114,783 118,788 112,965 106,034 102,116 −5.8 .5 .6

Wyoming .......................................................... 305,830 285,227 255,718 252,597 239,336 167,148 7.2 6.3 6.9

Appalachian Total1........................................ 386,073 417,668 424,361 409,928 394,499 443,607 −7.6 −.5 −1.5

Interior Total1 ................................................ 147,445 152,746 155,005 156,805 152,884 186,582 −3.5 −.9 −2.6

Western Total1 ............................................... 464,777 443,398 409,404 398,381 389,715 303,373 4.8 4.5 4.8

East of Miss. River......................................... 480,440 517,618 525,595 511,351 493,732 571,724 −7.2 −.7 −1.9

West of Miss. River ....................................... 517,855 496,194 463,175 453,763 443,367 361,838 4.4 3.9 4.1

U.S. Total ........................................................ 998,295 1,013,811 988,770 965,114 937,098 933,562 −1.5 1.6 .7

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

Notes: Coal production excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Totals may not equal

sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

270 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B3. Productive Capacity of Coal Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 19901 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 20,221 25,302 26,382 29,174 29,526 NA −20.1 −9.0 NA

Alaska ............................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

Arizona ............................................................. w w w w w NA w w NA

Arkansas ........................................................... w w w − w NA w w NA

California.......................................................... − − − − − NA − − NA

Colorado ........................................................... 37,284 33,256 32,174 26,608 29,425 NA 12.1 6.1 NA

Illinois............................................................... 44,255 43,205 46,741 55,998 51,371 NA 2.4 −3.6 NA

Indiana .............................................................. 37,517 38,274 33,565 32,263 31,984 NA −2.0 4.1 NA

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − NA − − NA

Kansas .............................................................. w w w w w NA w w NA

Kentucky Total................................................. 165,682 170,172 177,312 171,662 184,316 NA −2.6 −2.6 NA

Eastern ........................................................... 129,149 132,585 138,510 132,169 137,993 NA −2.6 −1.6 NA

Western.......................................................... 36,533 37,587 38,802 39,493 46,323 NA −2.8 −5.8 NA

Louisiana .......................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

Maryland .......................................................... 3,832 3,856 4,430 4,477 3,999 NA −.6 −1.0 NA

Mississippi ........................................................ w − − −− NA − − NA

Missouri ............................................................ w 807 626 949 980 NA w w NA

Montana............................................................ 49,788 50,695 50,930 50,961 46,808 NA −1.8 1.5 NA

New Mexico..................................................... 29,753 29,747 28,670 29,660 29,719 NA * * NA

North Dakota.................................................... 29,583 29,469 29,545 29,197 31,265 NA .4 −1.4 NA

Ohio .................................................................. 27,775 30,564 30,339 34,096 30,854 NA −9.1 −2.6 NA

Oklahoma ......................................................... 2,341 1,797 2,223 1,797 2,320 NA 30.3 .2 NA

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 85,067 85,803 79,404 74,102 70,023 NA −.8 5.0 NA

Anthracite ...................................................... 6,008 6,194 4,993 4,993 5,939 NA −3.0 .3 NA

Bituminous .................................................... 79,060 79,609 74,411 69,109 64,083 NA −.7 5.4 NA

Tennessee ......................................................... 3,381 3,759 3,719 3,637 3,402 NA −10.1 −.1 NA

Texas ................................................................ 49,627 49,419 49,545 54,072 49,676 NA .4 * NA

Utah .................................................................. 29,174 30,697 27,470 27,424 28,021 NA −5.0 1.0 NA

Virginia............................................................. 36,041 35,438 39,029 37,733 39,042 NA 1.7 −2.0 NA

Washington ....................................................... w w w w w NA w w NA

West Virginia Total ......................................... 177,017 184,899 184,164 197,230 185,825 NA −4.3 −1.2 NA

Northern......................................................... 43,058 44,231 46,034 49,534 51,124 NA −2.6 −4.2 NA

Southern......................................................... 133,959 140,668 138,130 147,696 134,701 NA −4.8 −.1 NA

Wyoming .......................................................... 370,110 344,168 332,647 318,338 305,888 NA 7.5 4.9 NA

Appalachian Total2........................................ 482,482 502,204 505,978 512,618 500,664 NA −3.9 −.9 NA

Interior Total2 ................................................ 174,693 174,926 175,740 188,385 186,329 NA −.1 −1.6 NA

Western Total2 ............................................... 563,561 536,392 520,850 500,757 491,489 NA 5.1 3.5 NA

East of Miss. River......................................... 600,806 621,271 625,085 640,372 630,341 NA −3.3 −1.2 NA

West of Miss. River ....................................... 619,931 592,251 577,483 561,387 548,141 NA 4.7 3.1 NA

U.S. Total ........................................................ 1,220,737 1,213,522 1,202,568 1,201,759 1,178,482 NA .6 .9 NA

1 For 1990, the Form EIA-7A solicited data on ‘‘Annual Productive Capacity.’’ However, that data was not verified with the respondents and as a result

it is not releasable.

2 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data. NA Not available.

Notes: Productive capacity is the maximum amount of coal that can be produced as reported by mining companies on Form EIA-7A. Excludes silt,

culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are

not required to provide data.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 271 
Table B4. Recoverable Coal Reserves at Producing Mines by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Million Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................................ 396 339 340 410 463 444 16.7 −3.8 −1.3

Alaska............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Arizona ............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Arkansas ........................................................... − − − − w w −− −

California.......................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Colorado ........................................................... 559 490 515 582 628 496 14.1 −2.8 1.3

Illinois............................................................... 708 675 675 808 800 1,065 4.9 −3.0 −4.4

Indiana .............................................................. 264 284 357 350 294 403 −7.3 −2.6 −4.6

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − w −− −

Kansas .............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Kentucky Total................................................. 1,015 1,070 1,207 1,139 1,160 1,438 −5.1 −3.3 −3.8

Eastern ........................................................... 648 689 875 742 692 902 −5.9 −1.6 −3.6

Western.......................................................... 368 381 332 396 468 536 −3.6 −5.8 −4.1

Louisiana .......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Maryland .......................................................... 72 58 61 64 52 77 23.7 8.4 −.8

Mississippi........................................................ w − − − − −− − −

Missouri ............................................................ w 3 1 2 2 w w w w

Montana............................................................ 1,040 1,081 1,059 1,187 1,135 1,699 −3.7 −2.1 −5.3

New Mexico..................................................... 1,256 1,256 1,284 1,303 1,343 1,385 * −1.6 −1.1

North Dakota.................................................... 1,078 1,061 1,098 1,181 1,513 1,283 1.6 −8.1 −1.9

Ohio .................................................................. 347 323 289 376 425 628 7.4 −4.9 −6.4

Oklahoma ......................................................... 32 17 21 17 17 34 90.8 16.4 −.9

Pennsylvania Total........................................... 596 703 821 722 668 1,022 −15.1 −2.8 −5.8

Anthracite ...................................................... 69 80 109 81 45 70 −13.9 11.2 −.1

Bituminous .................................................... 528 623 712 641 623 952 −15.3 −4.1 −6.3

Tennessee ......................................................... 13 24 51 54 62 57 −48.3 −32.7 −15.4

Texas ................................................................ 685 718 836 797 853 1,097 −4.5 −5.3 −5.1

Utah .................................................................. 385 393 393 258 340 458 −2.1 3.1 −1.9

Virginia............................................................. 200 172 188 171 184 384 15.9 2.0 −7.0

Washington....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia Total ......................................... 1,329 1,734 1,576 1,570 1,571 1,919 −23.3 −4.1 −4.0

Northern......................................................... 501 777 648 673 709 924 −35.5 −8.3 −6.6

Southern......................................................... 828 957 928 898 861 995 −13.5 −1.0 −2.0

Wyoming .......................................................... 6,435 6,550 5,865 5,980 6,100 5,954 −1.8 1.3 .9

Appalachian Total1........................................ 3,600 4,042 4,202 4,110 4,117 5,433 −10.9 −3.3 −4.5

Interior Total1 ................................................ 2,377 2,203 2,351 2,501 2,572 3,340 7.9 −1.9 −3.7

Western Total1 ............................................... 11,187 11,284 10,833 11,014 11,550 11,876 −.9 −.8 −.7

East of Miss. River......................................... 5,136 5,383 5,566 5,665 5,679 7,437 −4.6 −2.5 −4.0

West of Miss. River ....................................... 12,028 12,146 11,820 11,960 12,560 13,212 −1.0 −1.1 −1.0

U.S. Total ........................................................ 17,164 17,529 17,386 17,625 18,239 20,649 −2.1 −1.5 −2.0

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Recoverable reserves represent the quantity of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from existing coal reserves at reporting mines. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short

tons, which are not required to provide data. Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

272 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B5. U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of Origin, 1990, 1995-1999

(Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 of Origin 1998- 1995- 1990- 1999 1999 1999

North America Total ..................................... 954,639 1,059,919 1,099,428 1,583,086 1,767,772 888,336 −9.9 −14.3 0.8

Canada ........................................................... 887,977 1,058,137 1,099,108 1,576,456 1,738,296 882,708 −16.1 −15.4 .1

Mexico ........................................................... 66,662 1,782 320 6,630 7,108 5,628 NM 75.0 31.6

Netherlands Antilles...................................... −− − − 22,368 − −−100.0 −

South America Total...................................... 6,027,258 5,407,158 4,201,364 4,234,575 5,671,088 1,534,039 11.5 1.5 16.4

Argentina ....................................................... 210 − 12 − − − − −−

Brazil ............................................................. 30 − − − − − − −−

Colombia ....................................................... 4,130,785 3,155,356 2,827,805 2,745,687 3,819,494 1,295,594 30.9 2.0 13.8

Venezuela ...................................................... 1,896,233 2,251,802 1,373,547 1,488,888 1,851,594 238,445 −15.8 .6 25.9

Europe Total................................................... 65,894 39,529 24,163 2,369 474 4,892 66.7 243.4 33.5

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 9,665 3,614 5,458 2,243 − − 167.4 − −

Denmark ........................................................ −− − − 214 118 − −100.0 −100.0

Germany, FR................................................. − − 18 − − 1 − −−100.0

Italy ................................................................ 1 33 − − − −−97.0 − −

Norway .......................................................... − − 18,491 − − 42 − −−100.0

Russia ............................................................ 857 − − − − − − −−

Spain .............................................................. − 33,051 − 90 − −−100.0 − −

Switzerland .................................................... − − 182 − − − − −−

Turkey ............................................................ −− − 36 − − − −−

United Kingdom............................................ 55,371 2,831 14 − 260 4,731 NM 282.0 31.4

Asia Total........................................................ 1,051,436 1,284,831 1,324,946 1,392,520 923,980 2 −18.2 3.3 332.1

China (Mainland) .......................................... 18,361 2,329 1,820 − 48 − NM 342.2 −

Hong Kong.................................................... − 9 − 1 − −−100.0 − −

India ............................................................... 523 − − − − − − −−

Indonesia ........................................................ 1,032,444 1,282,492 1,293,569 1,392,517 923,908 − −19.5 2.8 −

Japan .............................................................. − 1 − 2 24 2 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Syria ............................................................... 107 − − − − − − −−

Vietnam ......................................................... − − 29,557 − − − − −−

Oceania & Australia Total............................ 146,480 122,560 141,988 149,498 230,554 21,586 19.5 −10.7 23.7

Australia ........................................................ 146,480 84,060 104,789 149,498 192,054 21,586 74.3 −6.5 23.7

New Zealand ................................................. − 38,500 37,199 − 38,500 − −100.0 −100.0 −

Total ................................................................. 8,245,707 7,913,997 6,791,889 7,362,048 8,593,868 2,448,855 4.2 −1.0 14.4

NM Not meaningful as value is greater than 500 percent.

Note: Coal imports include coal to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 273 
Table B6. Coal Mining Productivity by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Metric Tons of Coal Produced per Employee/Miner per Hour)

Average Annual Percent Percent Coal-Producing Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 R Alabama............................................................ 2.04 2.09 2.17 2.00 2.03 2.02 −2.3 0.1 0.1 R Alaska............................................................... 5.04 4.21 5.82 6.18 6.77 7.67 19.6 −7.1 −4.5 R Arizona ............................................................. 6.00 5.92 6.16 5.72 5.75 5.38 1.3 1.0 1.2

Arkansas ........................................................... 1.72 1.77 1.76 − 1.33 1.33 −2.8 6.6 2.9

California.......................................................... − − − − − 16.04 −− − R Colorado ........................................................... 7.19 7.15 6.97 6.64 5.57 3.84 .5 6.6 7.2

 R Illinois............................................................... 3.80 3.78 3.81 3.79 3.51 2.66 .4 2.0 4.0

 R Indiana .............................................................. 4.92 4.69 4.84 4.52 4.24 3.48 4.9 3.8 3.9

Iowa .................................................................. − − − − − 1.31 −− −

Kansas .............................................................. 7.78 6.79 3.46 1.97 2.01 1.84 14.5 40.2 17.3

 R Kentucky Total................................................. 3.53 3.44 3.58 3.45 3.24 2.57 2.4 2.1 3.6

 R Eastern ........................................................... 3.39 3.36 3.48 3.34 3.14 2.41 1.0 1.9 3.8

 R Western.......................................................... 4.14 3.77 3.97 3.89 3.60 3.14 9.8 3.5 3.1

 R Louisiana .......................................................... 7.70 8.00 9.93 9.86 12.02 11.94 −3.7 −10.5 −4.8 R Maryland .......................................................... 3.81 3.73 3.56 3.74 3.46 2.66 2.1 2.4 4.1

Mississippi........................................................ .17 − − − − −− − − R Missouri............................................................ 2.62 2.46 2.89 3.16 2.31 2.71 6.5 3.2 −.4 R Montana............................................................ 20.72 20.83 21.37 19.85 19.10 17.04 −.5 2.0 2.2 R New Mexico..................................................... 7.53 7.18 8.50 7.66 6.27 6.93 4.8 4.7 .9

 R North Dakota.................................................... 15.65 15.22 16.17 15.61 15.24 14.62 2.9 .7 .8

 R Ohio .................................................................. 2.90 3.17 3.65 3.59 3.29 2.54 −8.7 −3.1 1.4 R Oklahoma ......................................................... 2.86 2.99 2.28 2.37 2.69 1.89 −4.4 1.5 4.7 R Pennsylvania Total........................................... 3.46 3.42 3.29 3.05 2.93 2.03 1.1 4.2 6.1

 R Anthracite ...................................................... 1.59 1.85 1.60 1.74 1.89 .93 −14.0 −4.2 6.2 R Bituminous .................................................... 3.74 3.63 3.53 3.23 3.06 2.15 3.1 5.1 6.3

 R Tennessee ......................................................... 2.49 2.46 2.15 1.99 2.14 1.65 1.4 3.9 4.7

 R Texas ................................................................ 9.14 8.76 9.29 9.19 8.25 6.78 4.4 2.6 3.4

 R Utah .................................................................. 6.21 5.59 5.75 6.56 6.37 4.30 11.1 −.6 4.1 R Virginia............................................................. 2.80 2.56 2.51 2.46 2.27 2.03 9.5 5.4 3.6

 R Washington....................................................... 3.58 3.84 3.26 3.60 3.67 3.09 −6.8 −.6 1.6 R West Virginia Total ......................................... 4.32 4.20 4.05 3.55 3.40 2.69 3.0 6.2 5.4

 R Northern......................................................... 4.20 4.23 4.06 3.68 3.38 2.44 −.7 5.6 6.2 R Southern......................................................... 4.36 4.18 4.04 3.50 3.40 2.83 4.3 6.4 4.9

 R Wyoming .......................................................... 33.83 32.64 31.34 29.08 27.27 19.42 3.6 5.5 6.3

 R Appalachian Total1........................................ 3.48 3.42 3.41 3.16 3.01 2.36 1.7 3.7 4.4 R Interior Total1 ................................................ 5.11 4.89 5.02 4.89 4.51 3.52 4.6 3.2 4.2 R Western Total1 ............................................... 17.28 16.36 16.10 15.79 14.22 10.72 5.6 5.0 5.4

 R East of Miss. River......................................... 3.60 3.53 3.53 3.30 3.13 2.48 2.1 3.6 4.3 R West of Miss. River ....................................... 15.59 14.76 14.55 14.21 12.87 9.44 5.6 4.9 5.7

 R U.S. Total ........................................................ 6.00 5.63 5.48 5.16 4.88 3.47 6.6 5.3 6.3

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. R Revised Data.

Notes: Productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production by the total direct labor hours worked by all employees engaged in production, preparation, processing, development, maintenance, repair, shop or yard work at mining operations, including office workers for 1998 forward. For 1997 and

prior years, includes mining operations management and all technical and engineering personnel, excluding office workers. Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank,

slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are not required to

provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

274 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B7. Coal Consumption by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

 RR New England ......................................... 1,786 4,899 7,228 6,372 6,043 6,143 −63.5 −26.3 −12.8

Connecticut .......................................... 5 541 966 845 822 881 −99.1 −72.6 −44.2

Maine ................................................... 108 128 176 212 256 240 −15.5 −19.3 −8.5

Massachusetts ...................................... 451 2,893 4,437 4,062 3,732 3,934 −84.4 −41.0 −21.4

New Hampshire ................................... 1,219 1,333 1,547 1,249 1,229 1,076 −8.5 −.2 1.4

Rhode Island........................................ 1 2 3 3 2 5 −25.6 −12.2 −12.3 RR Vermont ............................................... 2 2 99 2 3 7 −4.0 −9.5 −14.9 RR Middle Atlantic ..................................... 50,209 62,877 66,519 64,378 62,108 66,961 −20.1 −5.2 −3.1

New Jersey........................................... 2,355 2,152 2,601 2,179 1,881 2,747 9.4 5.8 −1.7 RR New York ............................................ 6,655 11,280 10,691 10,284 10,036 12,215 −41.0 −9.8 −6.5 RR Pennsylvania ........................................ 41,198 49,445 53,228 51,915 50,191 51,999 −16.7 −4.8 −2.5 R RR East North Central............................... 208,072 212,336 212,175 207,776 197,496 190,163 −2.0 1.3 1.0 RR Illinois .................................................. 38,256 40,517 43,216 40,307 35,946 30,757 −5.6 1.6 2.4 RR Indiana .................................................. 60,016 60,146 59,921 58,079 56,818 55,974 −.2 1.4 .8 R RR Michigan .............................................. 34,721 34,495 32,556 33,319 32,479 31,491 .6 1.7 1.1 RR Ohio ...................................................... 52,163 54,754 53,362 54,281 51,328 53,710 −4.7 .4 −.3 RR Wisconsin ............................................. 22,916 22,424 23,121 21,790 20,925 18,231 2.2 2.3 2.6 R RR West North Central.............................. 131,620 131,226 125,467 124,358 118,867 105,477 .3 2.6 2.5 R RR Iowa ...................................................... 21,282 20,995 19,660 19,205 18,721 16,265 1.4 3.3 3.0

Kansas .................................................. 17,240 16,090 16,033 17,313 14,987 13,766 7.1 3.6 2.5 R RR Minnesota ............................................. 17,313 18,106 17,315 17,874 17,189 16,672 −4.4 .2 .4 RR Missouri ............................................... 34,452 34,971 33,439 31,191 28,806 23,438 −1.5 4.6 4.4 R Nebraska .............................................. 10,546 10,786 10,170 9,415 9,431 7,499 −2.2 2.8 3.9

North Dakota ....................................... 28,383 28,178 26,635 27,679 27,431 25,505 .7 .8 1.2

South Dakota ....................................... 2,404 2,101 2,215 1,680 2,302 2,332 14.4 1.1 .3 R RR South Atlantic ....................................... 157,263 157,386 154,816 150,181 140,849 135,583 −.1 2.8 1.7

Delaware .............................................. 1,264 1,609 1,692 1,775 1,825 2,080 −21.4 −8.8 −5.4

District of Columbia............................ 5 6 36 21 5 63 −2.6 1.3 −23.8

Florida .................................................. 24,754 26,151 26,054 25,803 24,064 22,891 −5.3 .7 .9 R Georgia ................................................. 30,385 29,684 29,659 28,266 28,384 27,276 2.4 1.7 1.2 R RR Maryland .............................................. 10,683 10,695 10,196 10,312 10,159 10,154 −.1 1.3 .6 R North Carolina ..................................... 25,773 26,233 26,812 25,060 21,849 19,187 −1.8 4.2 3.3 R South Carolina ..................................... 14,303 13,289 12,799 12,566 11,139 10,385 7.6 6.4 3.6 RR Virginia ................................................ 14,336 14,385 13,856 13,592 12,136 11,888 −.3 4.3 2.1 RR West Virginia....................................... 35,760 35,334 33,711 32,785 31,288 31,658 1.2 3.4 1.4 RR East South Central ............................... 98,355 97,802 102,491 100,198 96,008 82,668 .6 .6 1.9 RR Alabama ............................................... 34,562 32,956 33,209 33,613 31,124 25,074 4.9 2.6 3.6 RR Kentucky .............................................. 34,015 35,197 38,001 37,069 35,849 31,251 −3.3 −1.3 .9

Mississippi ........................................... 5,631 5,350 5,691 5,254 4,178 3,773 5.2 7.7 4.5 RR Tennessee ............................................. 24,147 24,300 25,590 24,262 24,856 22,569 −.6 −.7 .8 RR West South Central.............................. 136,515 133,477 136,417 132,877 126,195 119,275 2.3 2.0 1.5 R Arkansas ............................................... 13,879 13,212 12,763 13,440 12,284 10,970 5.0 3.1 2.6

Louisiana .............................................. 12,656 12,601 12,586 11,371 12,118 11,383 .4 1.1 1.2 RR Oklahoma ............................................. 17,304 17,764 19,167 18,257 17,777 13,992 −2.6 −.7 2.4 RR Texas .................................................... 92,675 89,900 91,901 89,809 84,017 82,931 3.1 2.5 1.2 RR R Mountain ................................................ 106,127 107,359 101,134 97,275 97,906 97,212 −1.1 2.0 1.0

Arizona ................................................. 17,881 17,249 16,515 15,234 15,134 14,895 3.7 4.3 2.0 RR Colorado ............................................... 16,543 16,394 16,246 15,624 15,395 15,159 .9 1.8 1.0

Idaho .................................................... 391 434 327 360 421 498 −10.0 −1.9 −2.7 RR Montana ............................................... 9,407 9,776 8,594 7,286 9,076 8,778 −3.8 .9 .8 RR Nevada ................................................. 7,318 7,453 6,756 6,898 6,659 6,751 −1.8 2.4 .9

New Mexico ........................................ 14,790 14,482 14,412 13,877 13,809 13,709 2.1 1.7 .8 RR Utah ...................................................... 14,688 15,470 14,610 13,823 13,886 14,277 −5.0 1.4 .3 RR Wyoming .............................................. 25,110 26,102 23,674 24,173 23,526 23,145 −3.8 1.6 .9 RR Pacific ..................................................... 9,840 10,120 8,687 9,328 8,081 8,884 −2.8 5.0 1.1

Alaska .................................................. 629 629 670 640 740 711 .1 −3.9 −1.3 RR California ............................................. 1,872 1,815 2,545 2,351 2,375 2,630 3.2 −5.8 −3.7 R Hawaii .................................................. 106 132 151 154 174 25 −19.7 −11.6 17.3

Oregon .................................................. 1,954 1,882 832 1,029 1,020 848 3.8 17.6 9.7

Washington .......................................... 5,278 5,662 4,489 5,155 3,772 4,669 −6.8 8.8 1.4

R Other Power Producers....................... 47,802 24,440 19,598 20,162 19,194 6,725 95.6 25.6 24.3

 R RR U.S. Total............................................... 947,589 941,923 934,532 912,906 872,747 819,091 0.6 2.1 1.6

R Revised Data.

Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; and Form EIA-6A, ‘‘Coal Distribution Report’’; Form EIA-867, ‘‘Annual Non-utility Power Producer Report’’ for 1997 and prior years; and for 1998 forward, Form EIA-860B, ‘‘Annual Electric Generation Report - Non-utility.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 275 
Table B8. Year-End Consumer Coal Stocks by Census Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ 308 603 740 1,176 879 1,039 −48.8 −23.0 −12.6

Connecticut.................................................... − 122 60 157 149 127 −− −

Maine............................................................. w 71 47 46 43 27 w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w 159 363 647 397 544 w w w

New Hampshire............................................. w 252 271 326 290 316 w w w

Rhode Island.................................................. − − − − − 25 −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 4,847 10,189 9,413 9,884 11,253 17,033 −52.4 −19.0 −13.0

New Jersey .................................................... w 602 514 748 731 686 w w w

New York...................................................... w 1,370 1,044 1,100 1,176 2,353 w w w

Pennsylvania .................................................. w 8,217 7,855 8,035 9,346 13,994 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. 32,449 33,392 27,936 27,955 30,679 41,196 −2.8 1.4 −2.6

Illinois............................................................ w 6,555 4,856 4,680 5,403 7,518 w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w 8,154 6,026 7,217 8,435 11,091 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w 8,573 7,301 7,089 8,139 9,448 w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w 5,602 5,737 4,924 5,385 9,499 w w w

Wisconsin ...................................................... w 4,508 4,016 4,045 3,317 3,640 w w w

West North Central Total............................. 20,262 17,263 13,456 16,626 16,976 18,579 17.4 4.5 1.0

Iowa ............................................................... w 3,865 2,671 4,184 4,034 4,463 w w w

Kansas............................................................ w 2,891 2,085 2,707 3,501 3,395 w w w

Minnesota ...................................................... w 2,172 1,809 1,577 1,800 2,119 w w w

Missouri......................................................... w 4,680 3,494 4,824 4,335 4,183 w w w

Nebraska........................................................ w 1,913 1,472 1,567 1,307 1,474 w w w

North Dakota................................................. w 1,533 1,705 1,622 1,807 2,666 w w w

South Dakota................................................. w 209 221 145 191 279 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 21,492 19,808 15,431 17,760 17,878 26,691 8.5 4.7 −2.4

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ w 4,218 3,182 3,119 2,965 4,511 w w w

Georgia .......................................................... w 3,235 2,184 3,491 3,435 5,175 w w w

Maryland ........................................................ w 1,068 1,092 1,249 963 2,053 w w w

North Carolina............................................... w 3,402 1,836 2,423 2,590 4,227 w w w

South Carolina............................................... w 2,488 1,833 1,975 1,990 2,101 w w w

Virginia.......................................................... w 1,352 1,180 1,037 1,157 1,766 w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w 3,617 3,830 4,164 4,448 6,481 w w w

East South Central Total .............................. 11,771 10,569 9,151 8,443 9,925 15,283 11.4 4.3 −2.8

Alabama......................................................... w 3,245 2,696 2,593 3,310 3,966 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w 4,437 4,230 3,921 4,240 7,113 w w w

Mississippi..................................................... w 758 569 568 666 729 w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... w 2,129 1,657 1,361 1,709 3,475 w w w

West South Central Total ............................. 19,928 13,381 10,291 18,040 18,656 15,040 48.9 1.7 3.2

Arkansas ........................................................ w 1,020 865 2,467 2,558 1,574 w w w

Louisiana ....................................................... w 1,979 1,141 2,250 2,422 2,271 w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w 3,119 2,352 3,819 3,852 2,469 w w w

Texas.............................................................. w 7,263 5,933 9,504 9,824 8,726 w w w

Mountain Total............................................... 11,076 9,801 9,052 10,525 13,551 15,714 13.0 −4.9 −3.8

Arizona .......................................................... w 1,746 1,283 1,836 2,751 2,839 w w w

Colorado ........................................................ w 2,597 2,246 2,771 3,340 3,025 w w w

Idaho.............................................................. w 114 96 70 107 127 w w w

Montana......................................................... w 312 381 472 471 744 w w w

Nevada........................................................... w 806 741 1,129 1,235 1,119 w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w 719 723 742 879 1,396 w w w

Utah ............................................................... w 2,309 2,172 1,449 2,104 3,477 w w w

Wyoming ....................................................... w 1,198 1,411 2,057 2,664 2,987 w w w

Pacific Total.................................................... 1,247 1,180 1,055 1,156 2,346 2,024 5.6 −14.6 −5.2

Alaska............................................................ w − * 1 1 2 w w w

California....................................................... w 171 107 136 121 110 w w w

Hawaii............................................................ w 38 61 41 46 22 w w w

Oregon ........................................................... w 178 87 201 392 639 w w w

Washington.................................................... w 794 800 777 1,786 1,250 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ 123,382 116,185 96,526 111,564 122,142 152,598 6.2 .3 −2.3

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Stocks for Residential and Commercial Sector are not included.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-759, ‘‘Monthly Power Plant Report’’; Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly’’; and Form

EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption Report - Manufacturing Plants.’’

276 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B9. U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Thousand Metric Tons)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... 19,272 20,245 15,374 12,346 9,444 14,387 −4.8 19.5 3.3

Canada1 ......................................................... 17,986 18,737 13,586 10,912 8,552 14,071 −4.0 20.4 2.8

Mexico........................................................... 1,280 1,399 1,722 1,369 790 191 −8.6 12.8 23.5

Other2............................................................ 7 108 66 66 102 125 −93.8 −49.3 −27.7

South America Total...................................... 4,101 6,381 7,452 6,808 6,321 6,262 −35.7 −10.3 −4.6

Brazil ............................................................. 4,030 5,874 6,763 5,933 5,761 5,304 −31.4 −8.5 −3.0

Other2............................................................ 71 507 689 875 560 957 −86.0 −40.3 −25.1

Europe Total................................................... 20,419 30,638 37,495 42,813 44,107 52,964 −33.3 −17.5 −10.0

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 1,880 2,898 3,918 4,145 4,084 7,711 −35.1 −17.6 −14.5

Bulgaria ......................................................... 474 898 1,011 1,258 1,214 80 −47.2 −21.0 21.9

Finland........................................................... 211 420 600 638 1,187 86 −49.6 −35.0 10.4

France ............................................................ 2,288 2,895 3,083 3,495 3,319 6,241 −21.0 −8.9 −10.5

Germany, FR................................................. 520 1,131 789 957 1,772 959 −54.0 −26.4 −6.6

Iceland ........................................................... 46 35 49 56 36 42 31.3 6.9 1.0

Ireland ............................................................ 787 1,043 578 694 829 1,322 −24.5 −1.3 −5.6

Italy................................................................ 3,641 4,824 6,368 8,350 8,222 10,838 −24.5 −18.4 −11.4

Netherlands.................................................... 3,113 4,097 4,377 6,403 6,624 7,592 −24.0 −17.2 −9.4

Norway .......................................................... 78 85 87 77 109 161 −7.4 −7.9 −7.7

Portugal.......................................................... 676 677 1,334 1,635 1,590 1,620 −.1 −19.3 −9.3

Romania......................................................... 292 995 2,035 1,372 1,800 1,559 −70.7 −36.5 −17.0

Spain.............................................................. 2,242 2,863 3,750 3,713 4,221 3,439 −21.7 −14.6 −4.6

Sweden .......................................................... 579 686 756 970 1,014 785 −15.6 −13.1 −3.3

Turkey............................................................ 721 1,444 1,898 1,966 1,825 1,921 −50.1 −20.7 −10.3

United Kingdom............................................ 2,869 5,395 6,518 5,621 4,288 4,697 −46.8 −9.5 −5.3

Other2............................................................ 1 251 344 1,462 1,976 3,910 −99.6 −85.1 −60.2

Asia Total........................................................ 8,307 11,168 13,152 16,311 17,323 20,616 −25.6 −16.8 −9.6

China (Taiwan).............................................. 1,102 1,378 2,033 2,215 2,298 4,177 −20.0 −16.8 −13.8

Israel .............................................................. 547 478 538 1,090 690 580 14.3 −5.6 −.6

Japan.............................................................. 4,494 7,017 7,234 9,551 10,693 12,100 −35.9 −19.5 −10.4

Korea, Republic of........................................ 2,145 2,225 3,165 3,423 3,640 3,628 −3.6 −12.4 −5.7

Other2 ............................................................ 19 70 182 32 2 132 −72.9 73.7 −19.3

Oceania & Australia Total............................ *411*2 −98.3 −22.1 −32.1

Other2 ............................................................ * 4 1 1 * 2 −98.3 −22.1 −32.1

Africa Total..................................................... 949 2,366 2,317 3,796 3,133 1,753 −59.9 −25.8 −6.6

Algeria ........................................................... 288 311 240 160 200 435 −7.6 9.6 −4.5

Egypt .............................................................. 236 808 1,025 941 1,120 586 −70.8 −32.3 −9.6

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 425 1,178 895 1,197 713 50 −63.9 −12.1 26.8

Other2 ............................................................ * 69 157 1,497 1,099 682 −99.9 −91.1 −64.0

Total................................................................. 53,048 70,804 75,791 82,075 80,329 95,984 −25.1 −9.8 −6.4

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons (45,359 metric tons) in 1999.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Total may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 277 
Table B10. Average Price of Coal by State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Percent Average Annual Percent Change Coal-Producing 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change State and Region 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Alabama............................................... $38.90 $41.04 $42.41 $43.52 $42.38 $47.44 −5.2 −2.1 −2.2

Alaska .................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Arizona ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Arkansas .............................................. w w w − w ww w w

California ............................................. − − − − − w −− −

Colorado .............................................. $19.00 $19.07 $20.35 $19.77 $21.23 $23.98 −.4 −2.7 −2.5

Illinois .................................................. 25.24 25.20 23.63 25.07 25.41 30.56 .2 −.2 −2.1

Indiana ................................................. 22.04 21.69 21.62 22.31 23.93 26.36 1.6 −2.0 −2.0

Iowa ..................................................... − − − www −− −

Kansas.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Kentucky Total .................................... $25.91 $26.25 $26.14 $26.36 $27.33 $27.77 −1.3 −1.3 −.8

Eastern .............................................. 26.61 27.10 27.17 27.54 28.66 28.49 −1.8 −1.8 −.8

Western ............................................. 23.31 23.16 22.59 22.47 22.88 25.71 .7 .5 −1.1

Louisiana.............................................. w w w w w w w w w

Maryland.............................................. $25.65 $26.84 $25.63 $26.90 $27.22 $28.63 −4.4 −1.5 −1.2

Mississippi ........................................... w − − − − −− − −

Missouri ............................................... w 22.91 18.60 25.70 20.84 w w w w

Montana ............................................... $9.72 9.10 10.85 10.98 10.61 $10.38 6.8 −2.2 −.7

New Mexico ........................................ 23.12 22.79 24.06 27.18 26.24 24.72 1.4 −3.1 −.7

North Dakota ....................................... 8.83 8.83 8.89 8.83 8.81 8.46 * * .5

Ohio ..................................................... 31.06 30.37 26.08 27.39 28.62 31.58 2.3 2.1 −.2

Oklahoma............................................. 29.43 28.68 29.02 29.25 26.60 33.50 2.6 2.5 −1.4

Pennsylvania Total .............................. 26.61 28.43 28.64 28.42 29.52 33.24 −6.4 −2.6 −2.4

Anthracite.......................................... 38.72 47.30 38.71 40.54 43.85 43.43 −18.1 −3.1 −1.3

Bituminous........................................ 25.83 27.18 28.01 27.54 28.41 32.76 −5.0 −2.3 −2.6

Tennessee............................................. 32.23 31.63 29.80 30.63 29.70 30.82 1.9 2.1 .5

Texas.................................................... 13.74 13.74 13.40 13.41 13.41 12.34 * .6 1.2

Utah...................................................... 19.10 20.35 19.41 23.85 21.06 20.43 −6.2 −2.4 −.7

Virginia ................................................ 29.00 31.62 31.13 31.36 31.38 30.92 −8.3 −1.9 −.7

Washington .......................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia Total............................. $28.18 $29.84 $29.37 $29.30 $29.96 $31.54 −5.6 −1.5 −1.2

Northern ............................................ 25.33 28.24 28.51 27.41 27.46 32.03 −10.3 −2.0 −2.6

Southern ............................................ 29.09 30.39 29.65 30.00 30.94 31.30 −4.3 −1.5 −.8

Wyoming ............................................. 5.93 5.97 6.62 7.06 7.25 9.29 −.7 −4.9 −4.9

Appalachian Total1 ........................... 28.20 29.58 29.26 29.52 30.25 31.84 −4.7 −1.7 −1.3

Interior Total1 ................................... 20.42 20.34 19.75 20.29 20.73 23.64 .4 −.4 −1.6

Western Total1 .................................. 9.46 9.66 10.50 11.06 11.19 12.79 −2.0 −4.1 −3.3

East of Miss. River............................ 27.31 28.41 27.99 28.33 29.04 30.97 −3.9 −1.5 −1.4

West of Miss. River........................... 10.00 10.19 10.93 11.46 11.56 13.01 −1.9 −3.5 −2.9

U.S. Total............................................ 18.33 19.47 19.99 20.39 20.76 23.99 −5.8 −3.0 −2.9

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C.

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) mine value of the coal produced by the total production for 1997

and prior years. For 1998 and forward, average mine price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b.) rail/barge value of the coal sold by the

total coal sold. A measure of dispersion of the 1999 average prices at the State level (interquartile range) is given in Appendix D, Table D1. Excludes silt,

culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less than 10,000 short tons, which are

not required to provide data.

Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; State Mining Agency Coal Production Reports; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

278 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B11. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Electric Utilities by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ $45.43 $47.33 $48.14 $48.01 $47.78 $52.23 −4.0 −1.2 −1.5

Connecticut.................................................... 50.54 52.46 55.14 55.17 54.37 62.11 −3.6 −1.8 −2.3

Massachusetts................................................ 50.30 46.63 47.09 47.00 47.00 49.93 7.9 1.7 .1

New Hampshire............................................. 43.86 46.68 46.98 46.55 45.93 52.24 −6.0 −1.1 −1.9

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... 36.91 37.84 37.91 38.67 38.17 42.50 −2.5 −.8 −1.5

New Jersey .................................................... 42.14 45.98 50.65 50.18 52.00 53.32 −8.3 −5.1 −2.6

New York...................................................... 41.64 41.27 41.14 40.95 40.63 45.69 .9 .6 −1.0

Pennsylvania.................................................. 35.94 36.69 36.69 37.55 36.91 41.06 −2.0 −.7 −1.5

East North Central Total.............................. 29.32 30.33 30.52 31.18 32.70 36.56 −3.3 −2.7 −2.4

Illinois............................................................ 30.28 33.31 33.52 35.43 35.91 41.66 −9.1 −4.2 −3.5

Indiana ........................................................... 26.00 26.04 26.84 27.20 28.59 31.72 −.2 −2.3 −2.2

Michigan........................................................ 30.20 31.07 31.89 32.34 34.12 39.24 −2.8 −3.0 −2.9

Ohio ............................................................... 35.79 35.84 34.62 35.61 37.96 39.70 −.1 −1.4 −1.1

Wisconsin ...................................................... 20.57 22.01 22.52 21.55 23.40 28.86 −6.6 −3.2 −3.7

West North Central Total............................. 16.07 16.44 16.96 17.12 17.75 21.68 −2.3 −2.5 −3.3

Iowa ............................................................... 15.54 16.67 17.89 17.96 18.88 21.92 −6.8 −4.8 −3.8

Kansas............................................................ 18.15 18.81 19.74 19.30 19.66 24.51 −3.5 −2.0 −3.3

Minnesota ...................................................... 21.46 20.94 21.47 20.94 22.18 24.26 2.4 −.8 −1.3

Missouri......................................................... 18.26 18.07 18.52 19.08 20.00 30.90 1.0 −2.2 −5.7

Nebraska........................................................ 10.39 11.10 11.09 13.64 14.18 14.20 −6.4 −7.5 −3.4

North Dakota................................................. 10.54 11.03 11.25 10.71 10.64 10.03 −4.4 −.2 .5

South Dakota................................................. 17.81 17.84 17.62 18.67 15.82 15.40 −.1 3.0 1.6

South Atlantic Total ...................................... 38.41 39.22 40.05 40.43 42.17 46.15 −2.1 −2.3 −2.0

Delaware........................................................ 45.33 44.66 45.25 45.76 46.60 52.15 1.5 −.7 −1.5

Florida............................................................ 43.07 44.12 46.10 46.74 48.42 50.39 −2.4 −2.9 −1.7

Georgia .......................................................... 40.00 40.03 41.09 40.28 42.57 46.83 −.1 −1.5 −1.7

Maryland........................................................ 39.35 41.48 42.71 42.43 42.99 46.25 −5.1 −2.2 −1.8

North Carolina............................................... 39.46 39.31 38.97 40.65 44.72 49.21 .4 −3.1 −2.4

South Carolina............................................... 40.00 40.84 41.02 41.38 42.83 48.00 −2.1 −1.7 −2.0

Virginia.......................................................... 37.60 38.29 38.56 39.38 40.68 43.31 −1.8 −1.9 −1.5

West Virginia ................................................ 32.21 33.14 33.82 34.09 34.84 40.41 −2.8 −1.9 −2.5

East South Central Total .............................. 30.90 32.07 31.64 32.35 33.16 37.46 −3.7 −1.8 −2.1

Alabama......................................................... 35.67 39.99 39.22 40.11 40.78 49.14 −10.8 −3.3 −3.5

Kentucky........................................................ 27.03 27.03 26.68 26.93 28.34 30.41 * −1.2 −1.3

Mississippi..................................................... 37.86 35.84 35.76 36.71 37.92 45.74 5.6 * −2.1

Tennessee ...................................................... 29.02 29.10 29.40 30.46 30.80 35.41 −.3 −1.5 −2.2

West South Central Total ............................. 20.79 21.31 21.70 22.19 22.78 25.26 −2.4 −2.3 −2.1

Arkansas ........................................................ 27.77 28.14 31.48 28.83 30.85 31.05 −1.3 −2.6 −1.2

Louisiana ....................................................... 25.12 25.51 26.42 27.27 27.70 30.62 −1.5 −2.4 −2.2

Oklahoma ...................................................... 17.34 17.35 17.50 18.51 18.74 27.53 −.1 −1.9 −5.0

Texas.............................................................. 19.85 20.51 20.61 21.24 21.66 23.36 −3.2 −2.1 −1.8

Mountain Total............................................... 22.81 22.96 23.72 24.05 23.71 24.46 −.6 −1.0 −.8

Arizona .......................................................... 30.00 29.89 31.91 32.57 31.59 33.04 .3 −1.3 −1.1

Colorado ........................................................ 21.17 21.39 21.97 22.31 22.85 22.94 −1.0 −1.9 −.9

Montana......................................................... 13.52 12.53 12.69 13.12 12.64 12.64 7.9 1.7 .7

Nevada........................................................... 32.11 32.05 34.28 33.55 31.99 36.55 .2 .1 −1.4

New Mexico.................................................. 26.76 26.15 26.71 28.71 28.21 26.49 2.3 −1.3 .1

Utah ............................................................... 26.41 28.63 27.80 27.18 27.85 29.54 −7.8 −1.3 −1.2

Wyoming ....................................................... 14.76 15.25 15.61 15.76 15.75 16.24 −3.2 −1.6 −1.0

Pacific Total.................................................... 26.20 25.43 27.77 26.42 25.16 26.91 3.0 1.0 −.3

Oregon ........................................................... 21.32 20.85 21.99 20.73 20.72 19.86 2.2 .7 .8

Washington.................................................... 28.28 26.94 28.82 27.46 26.17 28.27 5.0 1.9 *

U.S. Total ........................................................ 27.25 28.26 28.83 29.16 29.77 33.57 −3.5 −2.2 −2.3

* Data round to zero.

Note: Average prices are based on the cost including insurance and freight.

Source: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, FERC Form 423, ‘‘Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Plants.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 279 
Table B12. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Other Industrial Plants by Census

Division and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

New England Total ........................................ w w w $63.22 $62.72 $71.77 w w w

Maine............................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Massachusetts................................................ w w w w w w w w w

New Hampshire............................................. − − − − w w −− −

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $39.30 w w w w w w w w

New Jersey .................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New York...................................................... w w w $44.21 $46.19 $48.57 w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. $37.08 $37.84 $37.69 37.30 37.56 40.36 −2.0 −0.3 −0.9

East North Central Total.............................. 36.76 36.62 36.96 37.96 38.45 39.86 .4 −1.1 −.9

Illinois............................................................ 32.65 32.47 32.80 32.72 32.00 34.48 .5 .5 −.6

Indiana ........................................................... 33.44 33.30 32.80 35.01 36.53 36.19 .4 −2.2 −.9

Michigan........................................................ 44.15 44.54 46.23 45.50 45.39 47.83 −.9 −.7 −.9

Ohio ............................................................... 37.96 36.94 37.53 38.89 38.78 38.62 2.8 −.5 −.2

Wisconsin ...................................................... 42.98 44.55 44.12 44.12 44.32 47.85 −3.5 −.8 −1.2

West North Central Total............................. 20.71 20.64 20.97 21.00 20.86 20.29 .3 −.2 .2

Iowa ............................................................... 31.10 31.08 31.88 32.32 32.23 33.36 .1 −.9 −.8

Kansas............................................................ 36.39 34.26 35.20 35.78 35.74 31.63 6.2 .4 1.6

Minnesota ...................................................... 34.19 32.74 34.21 31.80 37.92 40.38 4.4 −2.5 −1.8

Missouri......................................................... 32.92 33.60 33.14 34.58 36.17 33.27 −2.0 −2.3 −.1

Nebraska........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

North Dakota................................................. w w w w w w w w w

South Dakota................................................. $28.34 $26.45 $25.74 $27.45 $24.48 $17.86 7.1 3.7 5.3

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Delaware........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Florida............................................................ $46.98 $49.18 $49.75 $50.36 $51.41 $52.06 −4.5 −2.2 −1.1

Georgia .......................................................... 48.64 49.10 49.42 48.73 49.21 49.49 −.9 −.3 −.2

Maryland........................................................ 35.28 35.72 35.95 35.85 34.90 31.64 −1.2 .3 1.2

North Carolina............................................... 45.95 47.09 47.55 47.80 47.72 49.45 −2.4 −.9 −.8

South Carolina............................................... 48.64 48.53 48.75 48.59 47.58 48.27 .2 .5 .1

Virginia.......................................................... 47.33 48.07 48.33 47.96 46.85 45.25 −1.5 .3 .5

West Virginia ................................................ 41.73 53.18 38.92 36.78 37.05 35.14 −21.5 3.0 1.9

East South Central Total .............................. w w w w w ww w w

Alabama......................................................... $43.88 $43.53 $44.31 $44.26 $43.58 $44.73 .8 .2 −.2

Kentucky........................................................ 47.09 48.13 49.28 48.52 48.60 50.50 −2.1 −.8 −.8

Mississippi..................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... $38.87 $40.37 $40.05 $38.82 $39.33 $38.76 −3.7 −.3 *

West South Central Total ............................. 25.21 25.26 24.71 24.02 24.29 23.46 −.2 .9 .8

Arkansas ........................................................ 47.49 45.83 46.71 47.67 47.97 50.03 3.6 −.3 −.6

Louisiana ....................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Oklahoma ...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Texas.............................................................. $23.15 $23.20 $22.19 $20.93 $20.68 $18.51 −.2 2.9 2.5

Mountain Total............................................... w w 29.91 29.44 29.83 31.69 w w w

Arizona .......................................................... $43.96 $42.63 42.78 43.29 44.60 43.59 3.1 −.4 .1

Colorado ........................................................ 26.45 26.18 27.70 25.54 28.78 29.68 1.0 −2.1 −1.3

Idaho.............................................................. w w 38.10 40.11 37.60 35.03 12.3 w w

Montana......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Nevada........................................................... w w w w w w w w w

New Mexico.................................................. w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... $23.73 $21.00 $21.25 $21.06 $21.76 $31.40 13.0 2.2 −3.1

Wyoming ....................................................... 26.74 26.57 26.11 24.61 25.05 27.46 .6 1.6 −.3

Pacific Total.................................................... 45.28 47.53 47.67 46.79 48.15 50.66 −4.7 −1.5 −1.2

California....................................................... 43.89 45.21 44.25 43.58 45.32 49.73 −2.9 −.8 −1.4

Hawaii............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Oregon ........................................................... − w w w w w −− −

Washington.................................................... w w $65.92 $64.83 $65.20 $61.32 w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $34.83 $35.61 35.72 35.63 35.74 37.03 −2.2 −.6 −.7

* Data round to zero.

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Notes: Price data are for manufacturing plants only. Average prices are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-3, ‘‘Quarterly Coal Consumption - Manufacturing Plants.’’

280 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B13. Average Price of Coal Delivered to Coke Plants by Census Division

and State, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Change Census Division and State 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change

1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

Middle Atlantic Total .................................... $48.87 $48.67 w w w w 0.4 w w

New York...................................................... w w w w w w w w w

Pennsylvania.................................................. w w $50.93 $49.79 $50.83 $50.46 w w w

East North Central Total.............................. $52.63 $53.34 54.15 54.61 54.12 53.81 −1.3 −0.7 −0.2

Illinois............................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Indiana ........................................................... w w $55.94 $57.25 $58.13 $54.45 w w w

Michigan........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Ohio ............................................................... w w $51.69 $49.58 $46.50 $53.24 w w w

South Atlantic Total ...................................... w w w w w ww w w

Maryland........................................................ − − − − − w −− −

Virginia.......................................................... w w w w w w w w w

West Virginia ................................................ w w w w w w w w w

East South Central Total .............................. $49.91 $51.18 w w w w −2.5 w w

Alabama......................................................... w w $55.16 $54.42 $53.38 $53.94 w w w

Kentucky........................................................ w w w w w w w w w

Tennessee ...................................................... − − − − − w −− −

Mountain Total............................................... w w w w w w w w w

Utah ............................................................... w w w w w w w w w

U.S. Total ........................................................ $50.54 $50.77 $52.48 $52.17 $52.18 $52.61 −.4 −.8 −.4

w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

Note: Average prices are based on the cost including insurance, freight, and taxes.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-5, ‘‘Coke Plant Report - Quarterly.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 281 
Table B14. Average Price of U.S. Coal Imports by Continent and Country of

Origin, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Origin 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $37.74 $39.00 $42.01 $40.24 $40.64 $27.07 −3.2 −1.8 3.8

Canada ........................................................... 38.61 39.02 42.01 40.26 40.72 26.95 −1.0 −1.3 4.1

Mexico........................................................... 24.17 23.01 − 36.85 23.01 42.29 5.1 1.2 −6.0

South America Total...................................... 33.05 34.35 35.81 34.76 35.70 41.43 −3.8 −1.9 −2.5

Colombia ....................................................... 32.15 34.40 35.40 35.16 34.46 40.64 −6.5 −1.7 −2.6

Venezuela ...................................................... 35.27 34.27 36.66 34.03 38.25 45.75 2.9 −2.0 −2.8

Europe Total................................................... 32.50 40.56 54.25 − 28.27 40.98 −19.9 3.5 −2.5

Denmark ........................................................ − − − − − 40.05 − −−100.0

Norway .......................................................... − − 54.51 − − −− − −

Spain.............................................................. − 40.21 − − − − −100.0 − −

Switzerland.................................................... − − 45.51 − − −− − −

United Kingdom............................................ 32.50 46.33 − − 28.27 41.00 −29.8 3.5 −2.5

Asia Total........................................................ 47.56 37.62 36.43 35.77 38.73 − 26.4 5.3 −

China (Mainland) .......................................... 47.02 − − − − −− − −

Indonesia........................................................ 47.57 37.62 36.18 35.77 38.73 − 26.4 5.3 −

Vietnam ......................................................... − − 54.11 − − −− − −

Oceania & Australia Total............................ 30.05 35.15 36.89 36.83 37.00 46.00 −14.5 −5.1 −4.6

Australia ........................................................ 30.05 35.15 36.89 36.83 34.16 46.00 −14.5 −3.1 −4.6

New Zealand ................................................. − − − − 51.17 − −−100.0 −

Total1............................................................... 34.72 35.48 36.93 36.02 37.03 36.86 −2.1 −1.6 −.7

U.S. Total2 ...................................................... 33.92 35.48 37.83 37.23 37.54 37.98 −4.4 −2.5 −1.2

1 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal imports and fall within

the range of $20 to $55 per short ton ($18.14 to $49.90 per metric ton), inclusively.

2 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal imports.

Notes: Average price is based on the customs import value. Coal imports include coal to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report IM 145.’’

282 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table B15. Average Price of U.S. Coal Exports by Destination, 1990, 1995-1999

(Nominal Dollars per Metric Ton)

Average Annual Percent Percent Continent and Country Change 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1990 Change of Destination 1998-1999 1995-1999 1990-1999

North America Total ..................................... $31.68 $31.40 $33.70 $36.48 $37.53 $36.10 0.9 −4.1 −1.4

Canada1 ......................................................... 30.53 30.48 32.15 35.53 36.92 36.01 .1 −4.6 −1.8

Mexico........................................................... 47.55 42.56 45.53 43.77 44.05 42.02 11.7 1.9 1.4

Other2............................................................ 39.85 41.20 41.97 41.92 37.80 37.68 −3.3 1.3 .6

South America Total...................................... 43.33 47.20 48.44 48.29 47.90 51.04 −8.2 −2.5 −1.8

Brazil ............................................................. 43.44 47.24 48.64 49.25 48.37 51.68 −8.0 −2.6 −1.9

Other2............................................................ 36.00 46.70 46.45 39.78 43.05 47.45 −22.9 −4.4 −3.0

Europe Total................................................... 45.30 47.71 47.42 46.41 45.10 48.70 −5.0 .1 −.8

Belgium & Luxembourg............................... 48.34 51.12 50.38 50.41 47.92 49.66 −5.4 .2 −.3

Bulgaria ......................................................... 45.89 49.13 51.17 48.79 48.54 54.28 −6.6 −1.4 −1.8

Finland........................................................... 40.79 44.64 45.89 46.42 43.51 49.30 −8.6 −1.6 −2.1

France ............................................................ 47.08 50.78 50.66 49.53 48.19 47.40 −7.3 −.6 −.1

Germany, FR................................................. 34.88 39.12 49.15 45.28 38.57 47.19 −10.8 −2.5 −3.3

Iceland ........................................................... 59.86 61.60 65.40 63.38 61.78 53.18 −2.8 −.8 1.3

Ireland............................................................ 32.99 40.10 41.88 41.17 39.76 43.05 −17.7 −4.5 −2.9

Italy................................................................ 51.02 51.29 50.19 49.66 48.66 49.55 −.5 1.2 .3

Netherlands.................................................... 44.02 49.89 49.57 45.59 46.26 47.32 −11.8 −1.2 −.8

Norway .......................................................... 60.07 61.51 64.35 62.89 62.19 59.54 −2.3 −.9 .1

Portugal.......................................................... 36.34 41.93 40.52 40.26 40.18 44.97 −13.3 −2.5 −2.3

Romania......................................................... 43.28 46.64 49.14 51.76 46.77 52.80 −7.2 −1.9 −2.2

Spain.............................................................. 43.05 47.28 40.79 41.41 38.30 52.76 −8.9 3.0 −2.2

Sweden .......................................................... 49.89 51.98 53.13 52.36 53.14 53.35 −4.0 −1.6 −.7

Turkey............................................................ 42.44 49.52 50.78 48.86 46.97 50.85 −14.3 −2.5 −2.0

United Kingdom............................................ 44.90 43.00 43.32 42.88 45.11 52.18 4.4 −.1 −1.6

Other2............................................................ 44.11 37.51 35.03 33.24 32.66 41.14 17.6 7.8 .8

Asia Total........................................................ 40.05 43.40 43.79 43.62 43.10 47.81 −7.7 −1.8 −1.9

China (Taiwan).............................................. 37.96 40.01 40.51 40.63 40.73 42.59 −5.1 −1.7 −1.3

Israel .............................................................. 35.06 36.93 40.58 40.12 39.45 43.45 −5.0 −2.9 −2.3

Japan.............................................................. 39.45 42.54 42.99 43.44 43.14 48.86 −7.3 −2.2 −2.3

Korea, Republic of........................................ 43.52 49.38 48.48 47.10 45.17 51.18 −11.9 −.9 −1.8

Other2............................................................ 55.23 50.44 40.05 53.89 33.52 42.89 9.5 13.3 2.8

Oceania & Australia Total............................ − 52.95 44.93 44.89 43.82 38.28 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Other2............................................................ − 52.95 44.93 44.89 43.82 38.28 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Africa Total..................................................... 53.49 50.17 53.46 48.90 47.47 45.59 6.6 3.0 1.8

Algeria ........................................................... 47.15 48.25 51.41 55.37 52.69 53.37 −2.3 −2.7 −1.4

Egypt.............................................................. 61.98 48.05 56.54 58.83 54.42 51.85 29.0 3.3 2.0

South Africa, Rep of..................................... 53.08 53.05 53.64 54.61 52.23 55.35 * .4 −.5

Other2............................................................ − 35.62 35.52 37.40 36.37 34.54 −100.0 −100.0 −100.0

Total3............................................................... 39.58 42.49 44.36 44.67 44.13 46.76 −6.8 −2.7 −1.8

U.S. Total4 ...................................................... 40.24 42.87 44.70 44.93 44.39 46.99 −6.1 −2.4 −1.7

1 Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce began reporting statistics on U.S. exports

to Canada based on information on imports provided monthly by the Canadian government.

2 Includes countries with exports less than or equal to 50,000 short tons in 1999.

3 The average prices presented in this table, with the exception of U.S. Total, are considered to be representative prices for coal exports and fall within

the range of $20 to $60 per short ton ($18.14 to $54.43 per metric ton), inclusively.

4 U.S. Total is the average price of all coal exports.

* Data round to zero.

Note: Average price is based on the free alongside ship (f.a.s.) value.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, ‘‘Monthly Report EM 545.’’

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 283 
Appendix C

References

Figure C1. Coal-Bearing Areas of the United States

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 285 
Coal-Producing Regions

Appalachian

Alabama, Georgia, Eastern Kentucky, Maryland,

Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West

Virginia.

Interior

Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Western

Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri,

Oklahoma, Texas.

Western

Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New

Mexico, North Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming.

Table C1. Classification of Coals by Rank

286 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Coal Reports and Feature

Articles

Coal Reports

• Weekly Coal Production, DOE/EIA-0218

(2001-17).

• Coal Data: A Reference, DOE/EIA-0064 (93),

February 1995.

• State Coal Profiles, DOE/EIA-0576, January

1994.

• Quarterly Coal Report, DOE/EIA-0121(2000/4Q).

• The Changing Structure of the U.S. Coal Industry:

An Update, DOE/EIA-0513(93), July 1993.

• U.S. Coal Reserves: A Review and Update

DOE/EIA-0529(95), August 1996.

• Annual Energy Outlook 2001,

DOA/EIA-0383(2000), December 2000.

• Energy Policy Transportation Rate Study: Final

Report on Coal Transportation DOE/EIA-0597,

October 2000.

• Electric Power Monthly,

DOE/EIA-0226(2001/03), April 2001.

• Electric Power Annual, DOE/EIA-0348(99), Vol.

2, February 2000.

• Longwall Mining, DOE/EIA-TR-0588 March

1995.

• Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2001/05)

May 2001.

• Short-Term Energy Outlook: Quarterly

Projections January 2001,

DOE/EIA-0202(2001/2Q), April 2001.

• Cost and Quality of Fuels for Electric Utility

Plants 1999, DOE/EIA-0191(99), May 2000.

Feature Articles

• "U.S. Coal Supply and Demand: 1999 Review,"

Mining Engineering, May 2000, Vol.52,No.5,

May 2000, pp.49-56.

• "Carbon Dioxide Emission Factors for Coal,"

Quarterly Coal Report, DOE/EIA-0121 (94/1Q),

August 1994.

• "Federal and Indian Coal Lands: A Growing

Source of Energy and Revenue," Coal Production

1992, DOE/EIA-0118(92), October 1993.

• "Wyoming Coal: An Overview," Coal Production

1991, DOE/EIA-0118(91), October 1992.

• "Profile of New Coal Mines in the 1980's," Coal

Production 1990, DOE/EIA-0118), September

1991.

• "The Comparability of Resource and Reserve

Data for Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Coal, and

Uranium," Quarterly Coal Report OctoberDecember 1994, DOE/EIA-0121 (94/4Q) May

1995.

• "Coal Geology, Reserves and Production in

Northern and Central Appalachia," Mining Engineering, Special Edition, December 1995.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 287 
Appendix D

Explanatory Notes

Data Sources

All data in this report were collected by the Energy

Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Department

of Energy (DOE), except: import and export data,

which were collected by the Bureau of the Census

(Census Bureau), U.S. Department of Commerce; supplemental export data which were collected by King's

Publishing Corporation, Knoxville, Tennessee;

Federal and Indian land leasing data which were collected by the U.S. Department of the Interior (Bureau

of Land Management and Minerals Management

Service); and miner injury and fatality data which

were collected by the U.S. Department of Labor

(Mine Safety and Health Administration).

Coal Surveys

As early as the 1880's, the U.S. Geological Survey

began collecting coal data under a voluntary reporting

system. The responsibility for gathering this information was transferred to the Bureau of Mines in the

1920's, initially under the U.S. Department of Commerce and later under the U.S. Department of the

Interior, which published the data in its Minerals

Yearbook. Except for a brief period from 1937 to

1943, when bituminous coal data were collected under

the mandatory authority of the Bituminous Coal Act,

the Bureau of Mines continued to conduct voluntary

coal surveys until the Department of Energy was

created.

Coal Production Report (Form EIA-7A)

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) began

collecting annual coal production data on October 1,

1977. The 1998 coal production and identification

data in this report were collected on Form EIA-7A,

"Coal Production Report," and the U.S. Department of

Labor's Mine Safety and Health Administration's

Form 7000-2, "Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal

Production Report" from companies that produced,

processed or prepared coal in 1998. All other data collected on Form EIA-7A are reported for only those

companies that owned a mining operation that

produced, prepared or processed 10,000 short tons or

more of coal in 1998 and preparation plants with

5,000 or more employee hours.

So that the EIA may fulfill its data collection functions as specified in the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-275), response to

this survey is mandatory. EIA compares respondents

to this survey with lists of mining operations maintained by various State coal mining/licensing agencies

and the Mine Safety and Health Administration

(MSHA), U.S. Department of Labor, to identify new

respondents. No sampling procedures are used. In

1998, there were 1,773 mining operations that

produced, processed, or prepared 10,000 or more short

tons of coal. All of the data were collected by mail

and were edited to ensure that they were complete and

accurate.

As in all surveys, data from Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," are subject to various sources of

error: (1) coverage (the list of respondents may not be

complete or, on the other hand, there may be double

counting), (2) nonresponse (all units that are surveyed

may not respond or may not provide all the information requested), (3) respondents (respondents may

commit errors in reporting the data), (4) processing

(the data collection agency may lose or incorrectly

transcribe the submissions), (5) concept (the data collection elements may not measure the items they were

intended to measure), and (6) adjustment (errors may

be made in estimating values for missing data).

Because the annual coal production survey (Form

EIA-7A) is not a sample survey, the estimates shown

in this report are not subject to sampling error. 1 It is

1 Sampling error is a measure of the variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than a complete enumeration of units is

surveyed. 

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 289 
not possible to present estimates of nonsampling

error, but precautionary steps were taken at each stage

of the survey design to minimize the possible occurrence of these errors. These steps are described as

follows.

The forms are logged within 24 hours of receipt and

assigned to a team of data editors consisting of Coal

Table D1. Interquartile Range and Average Mine Price by State and Mine Type, 1999

(Dollars per Short Ton)

 Underground Surface Total Coal-Producing

 State and Average Interquartile Average Interquartile Average Interquartile Region Mine Price Range Mine Price Range Mine Price Range

Alabama .......................................... $35.58 $15.48 $34.40 $6.23 $35.29 $15.48

Alaska ............................................. − − wwww

Arizona ............................................ − − wwww

Arkansas .......................................... − − wwww

Colorado .......................................... 16.30 .65 $19.27 $.56 $17.23 $4.13

Illinois ............................................. 22.84 3.72 23.56 3.66 22.90 3.72

Indiana ............................................. w w w w 19.99 4.41

Kansas ............................................. − − wwww

Kentucky Total ............................... $23.82 $4.21 $22.97 $4.27 $23.50 $4.65

Eastern .......................................... 24.59 3.94 23.51 3.98 24.14 4.26

Western ........................................ 21.71 4.08 19.25 4.06 21.15 5.26

Louisiana ......................................... − − wwww

Maryland ......................................... w w w w $23.27 $.36

Mississippi ...................................... − − wwww

Missouri .......................................... − − wwww

Montana .......................................... − − $8.82 $5.74 $8.82 $5.74

New Mexico ................................... w w w w 20.97 4.15

North Dakota .................................. − − $8.01 $.22 8.01 .22

Ohio ................................................. $31.50 $30.87 24.52 5.98 28.18 5.64

Oklahoma ........................................ w w w w 26.70 2.11

Pennsylvania Total ......................... $23.86 $2.78 $25.07 $8.17 24.14 2.96

Anthracite ..................................... 40.86 2.89 34.77 29.48 35.13 29.48

Bituminous ................................... 23.78 2.78 21.90 6.36 23.43 2.79

Tennessee ........................................ w w w w 29.24 7.06

Texas ............................................... − − $12.46 $3.47 12.46 3.47

Utah ................................................. $17.33 $4.48 − − 17.33 4.48

Virginia ........................................... 26.73 2.76 25.32 3.46 26.30 3.07

Washington ..................................... − − wwww

West Virginia Total........................ 26.21 6.12 $24.36 $2.60 $25.57 $5.74

Northern ....................................... 23.10 6.96 22.29 1.67 22.98 6.96

Southern ....................................... 27.66 4.21 24.59 2.73 26.39 5.35

Wyoming ......................................... w w w w 5.38 1.26

Appalachian Total1 ...................... $26.07 $6.69 $24.65 $4.75 25.58 5.48

Interior Total1............................... 22.42 3.80 16.04 8.45 18.52 9.15

Western Total1.............................. 16.95 3.72 7.69 3.93 8.59 7.50

East of Miss. River ....................... 25.39 5.09 23.64 5.26 24.77 5.12

West of Miss. River ...................... 17.00 3.72 8.32 5.77 9.07 8.72

U.S. Total....................................... 24.33 6.64 12.37 15.36 16.63 18.64

1 For a definition of coal-producing regions, see Appendix C. w Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company data.

 Note: Excludes silt, culm, refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines producing less

than 10,000 short tons of coal during the year. Average Mine Price is calculated by dividing the total free on board (f.o.b) mine value of the coal produced by the total production.

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-7A, ‘‘Coal Production Report’’; and/or U.S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health

Administration, Form 7000-2, ‘‘Quarterly Mine Employment and Coal Production Report.’’

team personnel. The editors screen the forms for legibility, completeness, and consistency. Names and

address changes are updated in the files. The reported

data are compared with data from previous years.

Inconsistencies are identified and the respondents

contacted for clarification. Computer edits are generated to identify keypunch errors, errors made by

coders, out-of-range codes, and unlikely data combinations. Errors are corrected to conform to the data on

the submissions or revised after telephone conversations with the company representatives. All changes

to reported data are documented. EIA maintains data

from the Form EIA-7A on an automated database at

its computing facility in Washington, D.C. The survey

forms are filed by EIA indetification number organized by State and county.

The survey forms were sent via regular mail in February with a due date of April 7, 2000. Nonresponse

letters were mailed April 11 to those mining operations that had not submitted their forms. Subsequent

to the letter, attempts were made to contact, by telephone, those nonrespondents whose reported 1998

production was 100,000 short tons or more.

290 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Some forms could not be delivered. Where possible,

address corrections were obtained. Some mining operations that had reported in earlier surveys or operated

only in 1999 were no longer in business.

Since 1992, California has not reported coal production as the courts determined that the product

mined in that State did not meet the standard classification for coal.

Missing coalbed classification, coalbed thickness,

and coal rank/group data were estimated using State

mining agency production reports, geological data,

and previous years' reports for these mines.

When a mine had a missing disposition value, its disposition was multiplied by the county-level average

mine price to estimate the value. County-level average

mine prices were calculated by dividing the total

value for the appropriate disposition (open/captive)

and the type of mining (underground or surface) by

the corresponding total disposition. All missing disposition was classified as open market unless information was available to classify it as captive. Of those

mines whose produciton was 10,000 or more short

tons, value data were esitmated for 238 mines, representing 2.5 percent (27.5 million short tons) of the disposition total.

When an underground mine had unreported mining

method, it was assumed that the mining method was

conventional.

Missing recoverable coal reserves data were estimated by using the mine's 1998 recoverable reserves

minus the mine's 1999 production. If this calculation

could not be made, the mine's projected production

for 2000 was used. If recoverable coal reserves for

1998 and 1999 and projected production for 2000

were all missing, no estimate was made. In 1999,

recoverable reserves were reported by or estimated for

1,111 mines, representing 1,073 million short tons, or

97.5 percent of the mines whose production exceeded

10,000 or more short tons.

Missing recovery percentage data were estimated by

using 1999 recovery percentage averages at the State

level for the appropriate type of mining (underground

or surface).

Missing productive capacity data were estimated by

assuming productive capacity was equal to 1999 production. If productive capacity was reported as less

than annual production, productive capacity was

equated to 1999 production. There were 579 in-scope

mines with production of 293.2 million short tons for

which 1999 production was used as a proxy for productive capacity, resulting in 100 percent capacity

utilization.

These mines included those with productive capacity

less than 1999 production, and mines that did not

report productive capacity and could not be contacted.

If these mines were excluded from the calculation of

percent utilization, the U.S. total becomes 76.70

versus 81.70, when those mines are included.

In 1999, there were 29 mines that produced 1.7

million short tons of refuse bituminous and

subbituminous coal. Those operations are not included

in this report. In 1999, there were 2.5 million short

tons of anthracite refuse produced and included in this

report.

In order to protect the confidentiality of individual

respondent's data, a policy was implemented to ensure

that the reporting of survey data on mine prices and

recoverable reserves in this publication would not

associate those data with a particular company. The

final phase in the data quality assurance and control

procedures is determining which data must be suppressed (withheld) during publication to provide the

necessary confidentiality for mines or companies that

represent a significant portion of a reported data cell.

All withholding analysis is done based upon production volumes. These procedures are performed as

follows:

1. Primary Withholding Based on the Number of

Respondents in a Cell -- All cells with three or

fewer active coal mining operations are suppressed.

2. Residual Withholding Dominance Rule Phase 1

All cells containing between 4 and 10 active coal

mining operations are examined. A cell is suppressed if any single respondent accounts for 75

percent or more of the volume for all respondents

included in that cell.

3. Residual Withholding Dominance Rule Phase 2

All cells in which two active coal mining operations represent 90 percent or more of the volume

for all respondents included in that cell are suppressed.

4. Complementary Suppression -- All tables are

reviewed to identify cells which should have data

withheld to prevent disclosure of already suppressed cells. An example of cells to be withheld

during complementary suppression is underground

price, if the surface price is withheld during

primary or residual suppression. Because the total

price is published, if the underground price is not

withheld, the surface price could be calculated

using the total price, the underground price, and

the underground, surface, and total volumes.

5. Most complementary suppression involves type of

mining considerations. Other complementary suppression is based on regional level data. A State

or region must be withheld during complementary

suppression because an already withheld State

could be calculated using other States and the

regional total. Cells are also selected for complementary suppression that represent the smallest

volumes or that were withheld in prior years.

6. Inter-table effects are also examined regarding

complementary suppression. For example, States

that are withheld in one State table can influence

the complementary suppression of an associated

State table. This analysis is very similar to that

done at the regional level, except that two tables

are involved rather than one. Finally, similar

tables are reviewed to ensure that all like supEnergy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 291 
pressed cells are consistently withheld (suppressed) in all tables in which they appear.

The withholding/suppression of data is performed as

an adjunct to the quality assurance (QA) procedures.

The work is performed by survey editors, and the QA

staff and is reviewed by the survey manager before

being submitted to division-level QA review.

All sensitive cells identified in withholding analysis

are denoted with the symbol/letter "w." The use of the

symbol/letter applies to primary, complementary and

inter-table suppressions as well as all withheld data.

The symbol/letter "w" is footnoted as follows: "w

Withheld to avoid disclosure of individual company

data."

The interquartile range is a measure of dispersion of

State-level average mine prices. Two States may have

the same average mine price, but the spread about this

price may be totally different. For a fixed average

mine price, a larger interquartile range suggests a

broader distribution of coal prices than a smaller

interquartile range. The summary statistics (Table D2)

given in this publication are weighted by production.

The interquartile range (weighted by production) is

computed in the following manner:

• Each cell is sorted according to average mine

price, from the lowest to the highest.

• For each cell, the corresponding mine's production according to increasing average mine

price is divided by that particular cell's total production and multiplied by 100. These percentages

are then added as a cumulative percentage of production.

• The first quartile (Q1) is the associated mine price

for which the cumulative percentage of production first passes 25 percent. Thus, at least 25

percent of that cell's total production is identified

with prices at or lower than Q1.

• The third quartile (Q3), is the associated mine

price for which the cumulative percentage of production first passes 75 percent. Thus, at least 75

percent of that cell's total production is identified

with prices at or lower than Q3.

The interquartile range is Q3-Q1.

Quarterly Coal Consumption Report -

Manufacturing Plants (Form EIA-3)

Form EIA-3 is used to survey U.S. manufacturers that

consume 1,000 tons or more of coal per year for all

uses other than coke production. These data were collected on a monthly basis until 1980, when the

reporting cycle was revised to a quarterly schedule.

Data on manufacturers' coal stocks, receipts, prices,

and consumption are reported.

Through the end of 1988, all manufacturers that consumed coal were required to file Form EIA-3. Beginning with the first quarter of 1989, only those

manufacturers that consumed 1,000 or more tons in

the past year were required to report. In 1999, 581

manufacturers responded to the EIA-3 survey. The

response rate for the year was 100 percent. In order to

identify undercoverage problems, the data from this

survey are compared with shipments to manufacturers reported on EIA's "Coal Distribution Report,"

Form EIA-6A. At present, the coal receipts reported

by manufacturers on Form EIA-3 cover approximately 99 percent of the coal shipments to manufacturers on Form EIA-6A. Consequently, the coal

consumption data gathered on the Form EIA-3 do not

represent the total consumption at manufac- turing

plants. See Technical Note 5 for data adjustment procedures for coal consumption for the other industrial

sector.

Current year data from this survey are preliminary and

unrevised in the January - March, April - June, and

July - September issues of the Quarterly Coal Report

(DOE/EIA-0121). In the October - December issue,

any revisions necessary for the entire year are applied

and the data are considered final.

The respondent list of manufacturers for Form EIA-3

is compared with lists of coal-consuming manufacturing plants from State Air Quality and Energy

Offices. When new respondents are found, they are

added to the survey mailing list.

Annual Coal Quality Report -

Manufacturing Plants (Form EIA-3A)

Form EIA-3A contains questions on the origin of coal

(State or Country), the quantity of coal receipts, the

Btu, sulfur and ash content of the coal receipts, and

the basis used to determine the coal quality data. The

threshold for the annual collection will be the same as

for the EIA-3: manufacturing plants that consume in

excess of 1,000 short tons of coal per per year. In

1998, 601 manufacturers responded to the EIA-3A

survey. The response rate for the year was 100

percent.

Coke Plant Report (Form EIA-5)

Form EIA-5, a quarterly report of coal receipts,

carbonization, and stocks, and of coke and breeze production, distribution, and stocks, is used to survey all

U.S. coke plants.

Coke plants were surveyed monthly and a supplemental survey was taken annually until 1981, when

the reporting cycle was revised to a quarterly schedule

with an annual supplemental survey. In 1985, collection of the annual supplement was ended.

In 1999, there were 24 respondents to the EIA-5

survey, and the response rate was 100 percent. The

respondent list for this survey is updated by continuous monitoring of the industry literature.

Current year data from this survey are preliminary and

unrevised in the January - March, April - June, and

July - September issues of the Quarterly Coal Report

(DOE/EIA-0121). In the October - December issue,

292 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
any revisions necessary for the entire year are applied

and the data are considered final.

Annual Coal Quality Report - Coke

Plants (Form EIA-5A)

This form contains questions on the origin of coal

(State or country), the quantity of coal receipts, the

volatile matter, sulfur and ash content, and the basis

used to determine the coal quality data. There is no

threshold for this form. In 1998, there were 24

respondents to the EIA-5A survey, and the response

rate was 100 percent.

Coal Distribution Report (Form EIA-6A)

Form EIA-6A is used to survey all U.S. companies

(producers and/or distributors) that own or purchase

and distribute more than 50,000 short tons annually.2

Data on coal production and purchases, distribution

by consumer category, and method of transportation

are reported.

In 1999, there were about 950 respondents to the

EIA-6A survey. Until the end of 1988, coal distribution companies were required to report production on

a Bureau of Mines district basis. For the year 1989,

respondents were required to report on a BOM

district/State basis. Beginning with the first quarter of

1990, respondents were required to report on a State

basis. The response rate for the current quarter was

100 percent. The annual production total reported on

Form EIA-6A exceeds 99 percent of total production

as reported by all mines on Form EIA-7A, "Coal Production Report," due to the difference in reporting

thresholds. The data gathered on the Form EIA-6A

only represent the domestic coal distributed; therefore, imported coal distributed during the quarters is

not included.

Current year data from this survey are preliminary and

unrevised in the January - March, April - June, and

July - September issued of the Quarterly Coal Report

(DOE/EIA-0121). In the October - December issue,

any revisions necessary for the entire year are applied

and the data are considered final.

The respondent list for this survey is updated by comparing it with lists of coal producers from the Mine

Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), U.S.

Department of Labor, and from similar lists maintained by various State agencies. Also, new respondents are frequently identified on Form EIA-6A itself

when other companies are named as sources of coal

purchases.

Electric Utility Surveys

Coal data appear in this report from three surveys of

electric utilities --from all generating electric utilities

and from fossil-fueled plants.

The Census Bureau collected and published the results

of a census taken every 5 years from 1902 to 1937 on

the electric light and power industries and some data

on industrial production of electric energy. The U.S.

Geological Survey collected data on capacity and generation of electric utilities from 1920 to 1936, when

this activity was turned over to the Federal Power

Commission (FPC).

All data are presented as reported on the surveys. No

estimates or other adjustments are made for missing

data. The data are maintained in a computer system

and are edited to ensure that they are reasonable, consistent, and complete. For additional information from

these surveys and for other electric utility data, see

the EIA publication, Electric Power Monthly

(DOE/EIA-0226).

Monthly Power Plant Report (Form

EIA-759)

Form EIA-759 (which, until 1982, was called FPC

Form 4) is used to survey all generating electric utilities. The Federal Power Act and FPC Order Number

141 define the legislative authority to collect power

production data. Consumption and stocks of coal and

other fuels at each plant are reported. The respondents

to Form EIA-759, approximately 700 plants,

accounted for 100 percent of total electric utility generation.

Beginning with the 1996 data collection, the Form

EIA-759 is a cutoff model sample of approximately

360 electric utilities drawn from the frame of all operators of electric utility plants (approximately 700

electric utilities) that generate electric power for

public use. Data will be collected on an annual basis

from the remaining operators of electric utiltiy plants.

The new monthly data collection is from all utilities

with at least one plant with a name- plate capacity of

25 megawatts or more. (Note: includes all nuclear

units). However, the few utilities that generate electricity by using renewable fuel sources other than

hydroelectric are all included in the sample. The Form

EIA-759 is used to collect monthly data on net generation; consumption of coal, petroleum, and natural

gas; and end-of-the-month stocks of coal and petroleum for each plant by fuel-type combination.

Current year data from this survey are considered

final.

2 For the States of Arkansas, Maryland, Oklahoma, and the anthracite portion of Pennsylvania, the threshold is 10,000 tons.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 293 
Monthly Report of Cost and Quality of

Fuels for Electric Plants (FERC Form

423)

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Form

423 is used to survey all fossil-fueled plants with a

total steam-generating capacity of 50 megawatts or

more. It is submitted by approximately 230 electric

utilities. (Before 1983, this form was called FPC Form

423, and all fossil-fueled plants with a total generating capacity of 25 megawatts or more were surveyed.) In 1972, the FPC issued Order Number 453,

which included the legislative authority to create

FERC Form 423. Cost, quality, and source of fuels

(by State or country of origin), including coal, are

reported. Current year data from this survey are considered final.

Annual Nonutility Power Producer

Report (Form EIA-867)

The Form EIA-867 is a restricted-universe census

used to collect annual data from all existing and

planned nonutility power producers in the United

States during the years 1993 through 1997. In 1992,

the reporting threshold of the Form EIA-867 was

lowered to include all facilities with a combined

nameplate capacity of 1 or more megawatts. Previously data were collected every 3 years from facilities

with a nameplate capacity between 1 and 5 megawatts. For the purpose of this data collection, a nonutility power producer is an enterprise that has electric

generating capacity and is not an electric utility. They

include qualifying cogenerators, qualifying small

power producers, and other nonutility generators

(including independent power producers) without a

designated franchised service area. The form is used

to collect data on the installed capacity, energy consumption, generation, and electric energy sales to

electric utilities from approximately 2,000 facilities.

Annual Electric Generator Report -

Nonutility (Form EIA-860B)

The Form EIA-860B is a mandatory survey of all

existing and planned nonutility electric generating

facilities in the United States with a total generator

nameplate capacity of 1 or more megawatts. The form

is used to collect data on the installed capacity,

energy consumption, generation, and electric energy

sales to electric utilities and other nonutilities by

facility. Additionally, the form is used to collect data

on the quality of fuels burned and the types of environmental equipment used by the respondent. These

data are aggregated to provide geographic totals for

selected States and at the Census division and national

levels.

Export and Import Data

Export and import data (except imports to electric

utilities, manufacturing plants and coke plants, which

are reported on the FERC Form 423, EIA-3A, and

EIA-5A, respectively.) are obtained from the Census

Bureau--export data from the monthly EM 545 (formerly EM 522) report, import data from the monthly

IM 145 report. The Census Bureau compiles these

data monthly from documents filed with the U.S.

Customs Service as required by law. They include

shippers' export declaration forms, import entry

forms, and warehouse withdrawal forms. No sampling

procedures are used. The Census Bureau publication

Guide to Foreign Trade Statistics describes the

foreign trade statistics program, including the EM 545

and IM 145 monthly reports. Data from these surveys

are considered final at the time of publication. Import

data for the years 1994 through 1997 have been

revised in this publication due to the misclassification

of coal import ranks and the translation of this rank to

another code.

Foreign distribution of U.S. coal, major exporting

State, and destination, along with foreign distribution

of metallurgical and steam coal (Tables 62, 63, and

64, respectively), was determined using EIA-6A distribution data by origin State, and coal export data

from King's COALBASE (King Publishing Corporation, Knoxville, Tennessee) which gives the

metallurgical and steam breakdown as well as the

country destination data. The percentage of

metallurgical and steam coal for each country of destination are applied to the EIA-6A export figures for

each State of origin to derive coal distribution data

that link State of origin to countries of destination by

type of coal. The King's destination country data are

considered to be more accurate than the Census

country-of-destination data because it account for

transhipments through intermediate countries to final

destination countries, whereas the Census data would

designate the destination as the intermediate country.

Copies of the survey forms and instructions used to

collect data appearing in this publication can be

obtained by calling EIA's National Energy Information Center at (202) 586-8800.

294 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Technical Notes

1. Differences in Related Coal

Data

Coal Production versus Coal Distribution. Coal production represents newly mined coal. Coal distribution represents shipments of newly mined coal and

coal from producer/distributor stockpiles (previously

mined coal).

Coal Distribution versus Coal Receipts. Differences

in coal distribution data and coal receipts data are due

to the time lag between distribution and receipt of

coal shipments, and due to the survey threshold differences. In addition, coal distributed includes only

domestic coal, whereas receipts include imported

coal.

Foreign Distribution of U.S. Coal versus U.S. Coal

Exports. Foreign distribution of U.S. coal does not

equal U.S. coal exports because there are differences

in reporting time and survey thresholds.

Receipts of Imported Coal versus U.S. Coal Imports.

Receipts of imported coal at electric utilities and manufacturing and coke plants does not equal U.S. coal

imports due to reporting time differences. In addition,

it does not include receipts at independent power producers.

2. Other Industrial Plants and

Manufacturing

The other industrial plants end-use sector includes

the manufacturing, agriculture, forestry and fishing,

mining, and construction industries. Manufacturing

accounts for approximately 97 percent of the coal

receipts and consumption and 100 percent of the coal

stocks in the other industrial plants sector as reported

herein. Data sources for the other industrial plants

sector and the manufacturing sector are Forms

EIA-6A and EIA-3, respectively. The source statement in each table identifies the survey used to collect

coal data for the other industrial plants sector, and

the following technical notes describe the methodology used for deriving data.

3. Residential and

Commercial

To reduce the reporting burden to coal users, the EIA

does not conduct any survey of coal data from residential and commercial users of coal. Shipments of

coal to this sector, reported by producers and distributors of coal on Form EIA-6A, are equated to coal

receipts and consumption by the residential and commercial sector, assuming no stock changes.

4. Consumer Prices

Prices are derived for each end-use sector as follows:

Electric Utilities. Prices are reported for each plant in

cents-per-million Btu on FERC Form 423. The price

per ton of coal is calculated at each plant using centsper-million Btu and the average Btu content per pound

of coal for the appropriate rank of coal. The average

prices appearing in the tables (e.g., across all States)

are calculated by summing the dollar value at each

plant (short tons of coal multiplied by price per short

ton) and dividing by the corresponding total tons. For

more information about prices of coal at electric utilities, see the EIA publication, Electric Power Monthly

(DOE/EIA-0226).

Coke Plants. Respondents are asked to report the

number of tons of coal received (or coke distributed)

on Form EIA-5 and the total value of that coal (or

coke) in dollars. Average prices are calculated by

summing the reported values (e.g., across all States)

and dividing by the corresponding total tons.

Other Industrial Plants. Respondents (manufacturing

plants only) are asked to report the number of tons of

coal received on Form EIA-3 and the total value of

that coal in dollars. Average prices are calculated by

summing the reported values across all States and

dividing by the corresponding total tons.

Residential and Commercial. Data are not collected.

See Technical Note 3.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 295 
5. Consumption

Annual Data

Annual coal consumption data are sums of quarterly

or monthly data described below except for nonutility

power producers whose coal consumption is not

included in this report. These data are however,

reported on Form EIA-867 and published in the Electric Power Annual (DOE/EIA-0348).

Electric Utilities. Consumption is reported on Form

EIA-759.

Nonutility Electric Generating Facilities. For 1997

and prior years, consumption is reported on Form

EIA-867. For 1998 and forward years, consumption

data is reported on the Form EIA-860B.

Coke Plants. Consumption is reported on Form

EIA-5.

Other Industrial Plants. In deriving a quarterly estimate for coal consumption for the other industrial

plants sector, the first step is to equate consumption

to beginning stocks plus receipts minus ending stocks.

In terms of an equation, consumption can be

expressed as C = Sb + R - Se, where Sb = beginning

stocks, R = receipts, and Se = ending stocks.

Therefore, consumption is C = (Sb - Se (change in

stocks)) + R. Next, stock change at the State level is

equated to the stock change for that State as reported

on Form EIA-3, receipts at the State level are derived

as described in Section 3, and a computed consumption is derived using the same equation for each State.

Finally, the quarterly consumption (C) at the State

level is equated to the maximum of the computed consumption at the State level, as previously described,

and the quarterly consumption for that State as

reported on Form EIA-3. This process ensures that

State-level consumption for the other industrial

plants sector is always greater than or equal to the

manufacturing sector consumption for that State.

Total quarterly consumption for the other industrial

plants sector is computed by summing the quarterly

State-level consumption figures.

Residential and Commercial. Shipments to the residential and commercial sector as reported on Form

EIA-6A are defined as consumption as well as

receipts for this end-use sector.

EIA publishes monthly estimates of coal consumption

in the Monthly Energy Review (DOE/EIA-0035).

Monthly coal consumption at electric utility plants is

derived directly from Form EIA-759. Prior to 1980,

monthly coal consumption at coke plants was derived

directly from Form EIA-5. For 1981 through 1987, it

was derived from the quarterly coal consumption

reported on Form EIA-5, using the ratios of monthly

to quarterly consumption in 1979, the last year that

coke plant data were collected monthly on Form

EIA-5. These ratios by month (January - December)

are 0.3377, 0.3200, 0.3423; 0.3529, 0.3462, 0.3009;

0.3364, 0.3347, 0.3289; and 0.3273, 0.3301, 0.3426.

Starting with 1988, monthly coal consumption at coke

plants is derived from quarterly coal consumption

reported on Form EIA-5, using ratios derived from

monthly data on raw steel production published by the

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) on Form

AIS7. The ratio is the proportion of monthly raw steel

production from open hearth and basic oxygen process

furnaces to the quarterly raw steel production from

those furnace types.

Prior to 1978, coal consumption for the other industrial plants sector (i.e., industrial users minus coke

plants) was derived by using monthly data reported on

Form EIA-3 to modify baseline coal consumption

figures from the most recent Census of Manufactures

or Annual Survey of Manufactures, Bureau of the

Census, U.S. Department of Commerce. For 1978

through 1987, data from Forms EIA-3 and EIA-6A are

used to compute monthly coal consumption for the

other industrial plants sector.

Given the quarterly consumption for the other industrial plants sector (C), the monthly consumption for

the sector (Cm) is estimated for each month in the

quarter as Cm = (Cm3/C3) x C where Cm3/C3 is the

ratio of monthly to quarterly coal consumption as

reported on Form EIA-3. For the 1978 coal consumption figures, the ratios used are based on 1978 EIA-3

data. For 1979 through 1987, the ratios used are based

on the 1979 EIA-3 data. These 1979 ratios by month

(January - December) are 0.3593, 0.3264, 0.3143;

0.3485, 0.3332, 0.3183; 0.3317, 0.3407, 0.3276; and

0.3045, 0.3253, 0.3702.

Starting with 1988, monthly coal consumption for the

other industrial plants sector is derived from quarterly

coal consumption reported on Form EIA-3 using

monthly ratios derived from the industrial production

indices published by the Board of Governors of the

Federal Reserve System. Six major industry groups'

indices are used as the basis for calculating the

monthly ratios. These groups are food manufacturing

(North American Industry Classification System

(NAICS 311), paper manufacturing (NAICS 322),

chemicals manufacturing (NAICS 325), petroleum and

coal products (NAICs 324), nonmetallic mineral products (NAICS 327) and primary metal manufacturing

(NAICS 331).

The monthly ratios are computed as the monthly sum

of weighted indices as a proportion of the quarterly

sum of weighted indices, using the 1985 proportion as

the weight.

Prior to 1980, monthly coal consumption for the residential and commercial sector was derived by using

monthly data reported on Form EIA-2, "Monthly Coal

Report -- Retail Dealers and Upper Lake Docks," to

modify baseline coal consumption figures developed

by the Bureau of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior.

For 1980, the quarterly coal consumption figures in

the residential and commercial sector are converted

296 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
to monthly coal consumption figures using the ratios

of monthly to quarterly coal deliveries to this sector

in 1979 as reported on Form EIA-2. These 1979 ratios

by month (January-December) are 0.4002, 0.3502,

0.2496; 0.4805, 0.2901, 0.2294; 0.3126, 0.2952,

0.3922; and 0.2931, 0.3101, 0.3968. The 1981 and

1982 monthly coal consumption figures were derived

using the 1979 ratios but were also modified

according to heating/cooling degree-days. For 1983

through 1987, coal consumption figures are converted

to monthly coal consumption figures using only the

ratios of monthly to quarterly coal deliveries to this

sector in 1979.

Starting with 1988, monthly coal consumption figures

are derived using the monthly national average population weighted heating/cooling degree-days obtained

from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The ratio is the proportion of the monthly

national sum of heating and cooling degree-days to

the quarterly sum.

6. Stocks

Annual stocks are calculated at the end of the year or

the end of the fourth quarter. Coal stocks are derived

for each end-use sector as follows:

Electric Utilities. Stocks are reported on Form

EIA-759.

Coke Plants. Stocks are reported on Form EIA-5.

Other Industrial Plants. Stocks are reported on Form

EIA-3, i.e., stocks at manufacturing plants only.

Technical Note 2 discusses the difference between

other industrial plants and manufacturing plants.

Residential and Commercial. Data are not available.

See Technical Note 3.

Producer and Distributor. Stocks are reported on

Form EIA-6A.

7. Methods of Transportation

Rail: Shipments of coal moved to consumers by rail,

either private or public/commercial. Included is coal

hauled to or away from a railroad siding by truck.

Water Transportation: Shipments of coal moved by

one of the three methods--river, Great Lakes, or

tidewater piers and coastal ports. Included in these

shipments is coal hauled to or from water loading

facilities by other means of transportation.

River: Shipments of coal moved to consumers via

river by barge, except shipments to Great Lakes

coal loading docks or tidewater piers or coastal

ports.

Great Lakes: Shipments of coal moved to consumers

via the Great Lakes. These shipments are moved via

the Great Lakes coal loading docks, which are identified by name and locations as follows: Superior

Midwest Energy Terminal, Superior, Wisconsin;

Bessemer & Lake Erie Coal Storage & Transfer

Facility, Conneaut, Ohio; B&O Railroad

Coal Loading Dock, Lorain, Ohio; C&O Railroad

Presque Isle Docks, Toledo, Ohio; Lakefront Dock &

Railroad Terminal Company Coal Loading Dock,

Toledo, Ohio; N&W Sandusky Coal Pier No. 3,

Sandusky, Ohio; ConRail Coal Transfer Facilities,

Ashtabula, Ohio; Rail to Water Transfer Corporation

Dock, Chicago, Illinois.

Tidewater Piers and Coastal Ports: Shipments of coal

moved to tidewater piers and coastal ports for further

shipments to consumers via coastal water or ocean.

The tidewater piers are identified by name and

location as follows: B&O Curtis Bay Coal Piers,

Baltimore, Maryland; C&O Coal Piers Nos. 14 & 15,

Newport News, Virginia; N&W Lamberts Point Coal

Piers Nos. 5 & 6, Norfolk, Virginia; Alabama State

Docks Bulk Handling Plant, Mobile, Alabama;

Alabama State Docks/McDuffie Terminals, Mobile,

Alabama; Canton Coal Piers, Baltimore Harbor on the

Chesapeake Bay; Greenwich Coal Pier, Greenwich

Point, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on Delaware River;

Port Richmond Pier, Pier 18 Port Richmond,

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the Delaware River;

Galveston Regional Coal Distribution Center, Pelican

Island, Galveston, Texas; International Marine

Terminals/Plaquemines Parish Terminal, Mile 57

AHP-Mississippi River, approximately 30 miles south

of New Orleans; Energy Terminals of Houston, Inc., a

Subsidiary of Soros Associates, Houston, Texas.

Coastal Ports are those located at Charleston, South

Carolina; New York, New York; San Diego,

California; Los Angeles, California; and Seattle,

Washington.

Truck: Shipments of coal moved to consumers by

truck.

Tramway, Conveyor, or Slurry Pipeline: Shipments

of coal moved to consumers by tramway, conveyor, or

slurry pipeline.

8. Census Export and Import

Data

Export and import data are obtained from the Bureau

of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, where

they are compiled monthly from documents filed with

the U.S. Customs Service, as required by law.

Each coal shipment is reported in short tons with corresponding total dollar values. EIA converts all value

data obtained from the Census Bureau to average

price data by dividing the dollar value by the quantity.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 297 
Based on an analysis and sample validation of the

Census Bureau import and export data conducted by

the EIA, it was determined that some of the coal and

coke data collected from the Census Bureau may be

misleading or incorrect (particularly those data associated with very small quantities or very high prices).

Because of this, a methodology was developed to edit

the Census Bureau price data.

Prior to 1989, certain data cells had been suppressed

for publication purposes only: (1) average import coal

prices of $50.00 or more per short ton; (2) average

export coal prices of $60.00 or more per short ton; (3)

average coke prices of $200.00 or more per short ton;

(4) all percent changes of 500 percent or more.

Beginning with 1989, coal export data were categorized as metallurgical coal and steam coal, rather than

as bituminous steam coal, lignite, anthracite, and

bituminous metallurgical coal.

In addition, coal export tables were revised to present

those countries to which the United States exported

more than 50,000 short tons in the prior calendar year.

The remaining countries in each continent were aggregated in an "other" category. This reduces the number

of empty cells and highlights the major importers of

U.S. coal. All coke export and import, and coal import

countries and quantities are displayed.

The following methodology was used to derive the

typical average prices as presented in the price tables.

For all coal, a price distribution was derived from the

prior calendar year export price data. Since extreme

price variations in the Census Bureau data are the

exception rather than the rule, the price distribution

was used to identify a typical price range. The price

distribution, from low to high, along with the frequency of each price (quantity) was analyzed to determine the representative prices. The extreme prices at

both ends of the distribution were eliminated to arrive

at a price range that covered at least 90 percent of the

exports. This price range was considered to include

typical or representative prices. Considering the

records that fell within the typical price range, the

weighted average price was calculated by country of

destination and type of coal.

The same procedure was used to determine the typical

average prices of coal imports. In addition to the

average prices based on the above methodology, a

U.S. total row is presented in the price tables, which

represents the average price using all the Census

Bureau data.

For reporting purposes, the month of exportation

reflects the month in which the shipment leaves the

United States. The month of importation generally is

based on the month in which the U.S. Customs

Service releases the merchandise to the importer. For

both sets of data, however, there can exist a small

carry-over from the actual month of exportation or

importation to a subsequent month, usually the succeeding month. A number of factors in processing

account for this, e.g., late receipt of a document for an

end-of-month shipment, or rejection of a shipment by

the computer due to failure to meet established edit

criteria. These limitations should be considered when

making comparisons.

Based on the U.S. - Canada Free Trade Agreement, as

of January 1990, the U.S. Department of Commerce

began reporting statistics on U.S. exports to Canada

based on information on imports provided monthly by

the Canadian government.

Comparing Census reported imported coal figures in

Table 35 with EIA reported imported coal receipts at

electric utilities, manufacturers, and coke plants for

1997 shows a difference of about 1.3 million short

tons. The main reason for this is that the EIA receipts

data do not cover imported coal received by nonutility

power producers who are not in the manufacturing

sector.

The import data for the years 1994 through 1996 have

been revised. These revisons were done because of a

missed "Harmonized Tariff Schedule" code for a category of coal.

9. Revisions

All data published in this report are considered final.

The Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate

Fuels has adopted the following policy with respect to

the revision and correction of recurrent data in energy

publications:

1. Annual survey data collected by this office are published either as preliminary or final when first

appearing in a data report. Data initially released as

preliminary will be so noted in the report. These data

will be revised, if necessary, and declared final in the

next publication of the data.

2. All monthly and quarterly survey data collected by

this office are published as preliminary. These data

are revised only after the completion of the 12-month

cycle of the data. No revisions are made to the published data before this.

3. After data are published as final, corrections will

be made only in the event of a greater than one

percent difference at the national level. Corrections

for differences that are less than the 1-percent

threshold are left to the discretion of the Office

Director.

10. Price Data and Taxes

F.O.B. mine coal prices and prices of coal delivered

to or received by end-use consumers (electric utility

plants, manufacturing plants, and coke plants) as

reported in this publication include relevant local,

State and Federal excise and sales taxes.

298 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Table D2. Implicit Price Deflator,

1990-1999

Implicit Price Deflator Year (1996 = 100)

1990 86.5

1991 89.7

1992 91.8

1993 94.1

1994 96.0

1995 98.1

1996 100.0

1997 101.9

1998 103.1

1999 104.6

 Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce, Survey of Current Business.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 299 
Glossary

Agglomerating Character: Agglomeration describes

the caking properties of coal. Agglomerating character

is determined by examination and testing of the

residue when a small powdered sample is heated to

950 degrees centigrade under specified conditions. If

the sample is "agglomerating," the residue will be

coherent, show swelling or cell structure, and be

capable of supporting a 500-gram weight without

pulverizing.

Anthracite: A hard, black lustrous coal, often

referred to as hard coal, containing a high percentage

of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile

matter. Comprises three groups classified according to

the following ASTM Specification D388-91a, on a dry

mineral-matter-free (mmf) basis:

Fixed

Carbon Volatile

Limits Matter

GE LT GT LE

Meta-Anthracite 98 - - 2

Anthracite 92 98 2 8

Semianthracite 86 92 8 14

GE = Greater than or equal to

LT = Less than

GT = Greater than

LE = Less than or equal to

Anthracite coal is non-agglomerating.

If agglomerating, semianthracite is

classified in the low-volatile group

of the bituminous class.

Ash: Impurities consisting of silica, iron, alumina,

and other incombustible matter that are contained in

coal. Ash increases the weight of coal, adds to the

cost of handling, and can affect the burning characteristics. Ash content is measured as a percent by weight

of coal on an "as received" or a "dry" (moisture-free,

usually part of a laboratory analysis) basis.

Auger Mine: A surface mine where coal is recovered

through the use of a large-diameter drill driven into a

coalbed in a hillside. It usually follows contour

surface mining, particularly when the overburden is

too costly to excavate.

Average Annual Percent Change:

n

√ Vn 

V0

− 1 (1)

Where: V0 = the value for the base period.

Vn = the value for the nth period.

n = the number of periods.

Average Mine Price: The ratio of the total value of

the coal produced at the mine to the total production

tonnage. (See F.O.B. mine price and F.O.B rail/barge

price.)

Average Number of Miners: The arithmetic mean

number of miners working each day at a mining operation. Includes maintenance as well as production

work performed.

Average Production per Miner per Hour: The ratio

of the total production at a mining operation to the

total direct labor hours worked at the operation.

Average Quality of Coal: Refers to individual measurements such as heat value, fixed carbon, moisture,

ash, sulfur, phosphorus, major, minor, and trace elements, coking properties, petrologic properties, and

particular organic constituents. The individual quality

elements may be aggregated in various ways to classify coal for such special purposes as metallurgical,

gas, petrochemical, and blending usages.

Average Recovery Percentage: Average recovery

percentage represents the percentage of coal that can

be recovered from coal reserves at reporting mines,

averaged for all mines in the reported geographic

area.

Bituminous Coal: The most common coal. It is

dense and black (often with well-defined bands of

bright and dull material). Its moisture content is

usually less than 20 percent. It is used for generating

electricity, making coke, and for space heating. Comprises five groups classified according to ASTM

Specification D-388-91a, on a dry mineral-matter-free

mmf basis for fixed-carbon and volatile matter and a

moist mmf basis for calorific value. Coals having 69

percent or more fixed carbon on the dry, mineralmatter-free basis shall be classified according to fixed

carbon, regardless of calorific (heating) value. Highvolatile C bituminous coal is agglomerating, but other

bituminous coals are commonly agglomerating.

However, it is recognized that there may be

nonagglomerating varieties in these groups of the

bituminous class, and there are notable exceptions in

the high-volatile C bituminous group. Coals with less

than 69 percent fixed carbon, but with 14,000 or more

Btu per pound, are classified as high-volatile A

bituminous.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 301 
Fixed Volatile Calorific

Carbon Matter Value

Limits Limits Limits

Btu/lb.

GE LT GT LT GE LE

lv 78 86 14 22 - -

mv 69 78 22 31 - -

hvA - 69 31 - 14000 -

hvB - - - - 13000 14000

hvC - - - - 10500 13000

lv = Low-volatile bituminous coal

mv = Medium-volatile bituminous coal

hvA = High-volatile A bituminous coal

hvB = High-volatile B bituminous coal

hvC = High-volatile C bituminous coal

GE = Greater than or equal to

LT = Less than

GT = Greater than

LE = Less than or equal to

Btu (British thermal unit): The amount of heat

needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water

by 1 degree Fahrenheit. The Btu is a convenient

measure by which to compare the energy content of

various fuels.

Cannel Coal: A variety of bituminous coal that is

noncaking, contains a high percentage of volatile

matter, ignites easily, and burns with a luminous

smokey flame.

Capacity Utilization: Capacity utilization is computed by dividing production by productive capacity

and multiplying by 100.

Captive Coal: Coal produced and consumed by the

mine operator, a subsidiary, or parent company (for

example, steel companies and electric utilities).

Carbon Dioxide: CO2 A colorless, odorless,

incombustible gas formed during combustion in

fossil-fuel electric generation plants.

Census Divisions: The nine geographic divisions of

the United States established by the Bureau of the

Census, U.S. Department of Commerce for statistical

analysis. The boundaries of Census divisions coincide

with State boundaries. In some cases, the Pacific

Division is subdivided into the Pacific Contiguous

and Pacific Noncontiguous areas.

CIF: See Cost, Insurance, Freight.

Coal Carbonized: The amount of coal decomposed

into solid coke and gaseous products by heating in a

coke oven in a limited air supply or in the absence of

air.

Coal (Coke): See Coke (coal).

Coal Mining Productivity: Coal mining productivity is calculated by dividing total coal production

by the total direct labor hours worked by all mine

employees.

Coal Preparation: The process of sizing and

cleaning coal to meet market specifications by

removing impurities such as rock, sulfur, etc. May

include crushing, screening, or mechanical cleaning.

Coal-Producing Regions: A geographic classification of coal-producing States. The States in the

Appalachian Region are Alabama, Georgia, eastern

Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee,

Virginia, and West Virginia. The States in the Interior

Region are Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas,

western Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Oklahoma,

and Texas. The States in the Western Region are

Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, New

Mexico, North Dakota, Utah, Washington, and

Wyoming.

Coal-Producing States: The States where mined

and/or purchased coal originates are defined as

follows: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas,

California, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas,

Kentucky Eastern, Kentucky Western, Louisiana,

Maryland, Missouri, Montana, New Mexico, North

Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania anthracite,

Pennsylvania bituminous, Tennessee, Texas, Utah,

Virginia, Washington, West Virginia Northern, West

Virginia Southern, and Wyoming. The following

Coal-Producing States are split in origin of coal, as

defined below:

• Kentucky, Eastern All mines located in counties

other than the Western Kentucky counties.

• Kentucky, Western All mines in the following

counties in Western Kentucky: Butler, Caldwell,

Christian, Crittenden, Daviess, Edmonson,

Grayson, Hancock, Henderson, Hopkins, Logan,

McLean, Muhlenberg, Ohio, Simpson, Todd,

Union, Warren, and Webster.

• Pennsylvania Anthracite All mines in the following counties: Carbon, Columbia, Dauphin,

Lackawanna, Lebanon, Luzerne, Northumberland,

Schuylkill, Sullivan, and Susquehanna. All

anthracite mines in Bradford County.

• Pennsylvania Bituminous All mines located in

counties other than the Pennsylvania anthracite

counties and all bituminous mines in Bradford

County.

• West Virginia, Northern All mines in the following counties (formerly defined as CoalProducing Districts 1, 3, & 6): Barbour, Brooke,

Braxton, Calhoun, Doddridge, Gilmer, Grant,

Hancock, Harrison, Jackson, Lewis, Marion,

Marshall, Mineral, Monongalia, Ohio, Pleasants,

Preston, Randolph, Ritchie, Roane, Taylor,

Tucker, Upshur, Webster, Wetzel, Wirt, and

Wood.

• West Virginia, Southern All mines in the following counties (formerly defined as CoalProducing Districts 7 & 8): Boone, Cabell, Clay,

Fayette, Greenbrier, Kanawha, Lincoln, Logan,

Mason, McDowell, Mercer, Mingo, Monroe,

Nicholas, Pocahontas, Putnam, Raleigh, Summers,

Wayne, and Wyoming.

Coal Rank/Group: A classification of coal based on

fixed carbon, volatile matter, calorific (heating) value,

and agglomerating character. Coal is ranked progressively from lignite (least carbonaceous) to anthracite

(most carbonaceous). The rank of coal can also deter302 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
mined by measuring the reflectance of vitrinite, one of

several organic components of coal. The lower rank

coal can be classified based on heat content. The heat

content of the higher rank coals is generally above 14

thousand Btu per pound for each coal rank group

(except for meta-anthracite, which trends slightly

lower), and heat content ranges vary within a relatively narrow range. Since heat content is not a

dependable criterion for these higher rank coals, their

rank categories are instead described by degree of

metamorphism, or "coalification," a property that is

measured by fixed carbon content. Finally, the

agglomerating character of bituminous coals is a critical attribute for certain coal consumers, and thus

agglomerating character has come to define the distinctions between certain adjacent coal groups. Some

high-volatile C bituminous and subbituminous A coals

can be distinguished only on the basis of

agglomerating character. Percentages are based on dry

mineral-matter-free coal. Volatile matter (not shown)

is the complement of fixed carbon; that is, the percentages of fixed carbon and volatile matter sum to

100 percent. As fixed carbon percentage decreases,

therefore, volatile matter percentage increases by the

same amount.

Coal Stocks: The supply of coal at a mine, plant, or

utility at the end of the reporting period.

Coalbed: A bed or stratum of coal. Also called a

coal seam.

Cogenerator: A generating facility that produces

electricity and another form of useful thermal energy

(such as heat or steam) used for industrial, commercial, heating, and cooling purposes. To receive status

as a qualifying facility (QF) under the Public Utility

Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA), the facility must

produce electric energy and "another form of useful

thermal energy through the sequential use of energy,"

and meet certain ownership, operating, and efficiency

criteria established by the Federal Energy Regulatory

Commission (FERC). (See the Code of Federal Regulation, Title 18, Part 292.)

Coke (coal): In general, coke is made from

bituminous coal (or blends of bituminous coal) from

which the volatile constituents are driven off by

baking in an oven at temperatures as high as 2,000

degrees Fahrenheit, so that the fixed carbon and ash

are fused together. Coke is hard and porous, has a

gray, submetallic luster, and is strong enough to

support a load of iron ore in a blast furnace. It is used

both as a fuel and a reducing agent in smelting iron

ore in a blast furnace. Coke has a heating value of

24.8 million Btu per short ton.

Coke Plants: Plants where coal is carbonized in slot

or beehive ovens for the manufacture of coke.

Continuous Mining: A form of room-and-pillar

mining in which a continuous mining machine

extracts and removes coal from the working face in

one operation; no blasting is required.

Conventional Mining: The oldest form of room-andpillar mining which consists of a series of operations

that involve cutting the coalbed so it breaks easily

when blasted with explosives or high-pressure air, and

then loading the broken coal.

Cost, Insurance, Freight (CIF): A type of sale in

which the buyer of the product agrees to pay a unit

price that includes the F.O.B. value of the product at

the point of origin plus all costs of insurance and

transportation. This type of transaction differs from a

"delivered" purchase in that the buyer accepts the

quantity as determined at the loading port (as certified

by the Bill of Loading and Quality Report) rather than

pay on the basis of the quantity and quality ascertained at the unloading port. It is similar to the terms

of an F.O.B. sale, except that the seller, as a service

for which he is compensated, arranges for transportation and insurance.

Crude Oil: A mixture of hydrocarbons that exists in

liquid phase in underground reservoirs and remains

liquid at atmospheric pressure after passing through

surface-separating facilities. Included are lease

condensate and liquid hydrocarbons produced from tar

sands, gilsonite and oil shale. Drip gases are also

included, but topped crude (residual oil) and other

unfinished oils are excluded. Liquids produced at

natural gas processing plants and mixed with crude oil

are likewise excluded where identifiable. Crude oil is

considered as either domestic or foreign, according to

the following: or from its "outer continental shelf" as

defined in 43 U.S.C. 1331. States. Imported

Athabasca hydrocarbons are included.

Culm: Waste from Pennsylvania anthracite preparation plants, consisting of coarse rock fragments containing as much as 30 percent small-sized coal;

sometimes defined as including very fine coal particles called silt. Its heat value ranges from 8 to 17

million Btu per short ton.

Customs District: Customs districts, as defined by

the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, "Monthly Report EM 545," are as follows

• Eastern: Bridgeport, CT, Washington, DC,

Boston, MA, Baltimore, MD, Portland, ME,

Buffalo, NY, New York City, NY, Ogdensburg,

NY, Philadelphia, PA, Providence, RI, Norfolk,

VA, St. Albans, VT.

• Southern: Mobile, AL, Savannah, GA, Miami,

FL, Tampa, FL, New Orleans, LA, Wilmington,

NC, San Juan, PR, Charleston, SC, Dallas-Fort

Worth, TX, El Paso, TX, Houston-Galveston, TX,

Laredo, TX, Virgin Islands.

• Western: Anchorage, AK, Nogales, AZ, Los

Angeles, CA, San Diego, CA, San Francisco, CA,

Honolulu, HI, Great Falls, MT, Portland, OR,

Seattle, WA.

• Northern: Chicago, IL, Detroit, MI, Duluth, MN,

Minneapolis, MN, St. Louis, MO, Pembina, ND,

Cleveland, OH, Milwaukee, WI.

Customs Import Value: The value of imports as

appraised by the U.S. Customs Service in accordance

with the legal requirements of the Tariff Act of 1930,

as amended. This value is generally defined as the

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 303 
price actually paid or payable for merchandise when

sold for exportation to the United States, excluding

U.S. import duties, freight, insurance, and other

charges incurred in bringing the merchandise to the

United States.

Demonstrated Reserve Base: A collective term for

the sum of coal in both measured and indicated

resource categories of reliability which represents 100

percent of the coal in these categories in place as of a

certain date. Includes beds of bituminous coal and

anthracite 28 inches or more thick and beds of

subbituminous coal 60 inches or more thick that occur

at depths to 1 thousand feet. Includes beds of lignite

60 inches or more thick that can be surface mined.

Includes also thinner and/or deeper beds that presently

are being mined or for which there is evidence that

they could be mined commercially at this time.

Represents that portion of the identified coal resource

from which reserves are calculated.

Depletion: The subtraction of both the tonnage

produced and the tonnage lost to mining from identified resources to determine the remaining tonnage as

of a certain time.

Depletion Factor: The multiplier applied to the

tonnage produced to compute depletion. This multiplier takes into account both the tonnage recovered

and the tonnage lost due to mining. The depletion

factor is the reciprocal of the recovery factor in

relation to a given quantity of production.

Direct Labor Hours: Direct labor hours worked by

all mining employees at a mining operation during the

year. Includes hours worked by those employees

engaged in production, preparation, development,

maintenance, repair, shop or yard work, management,

and technical or engineering work. Excludes office

workers. Excludes vacation and leave hours.

Distillate Fuel Oil: A general classification for one

of the petroleum fractions produced in conventional

distillation operations. Included are products known

as No.1, No.2, and No.4 fuel oils and No.1, No.2, and

No.4 diesel fuels. It is used primarily for space

heating, on-and-off-highway diesel engine fuel

(including railroad engine fuel and fuel for agricultural machinery), and electric power generation.

Dredge Mining: A method of recovering coal from

rivers or streams.

Drift Mine: An underground mine that has a horizontal entry dug to a coalbed in a hillside.

Dry (Coal) Basis: Coal quality data calculated to a

theoretical basis in which no moisture is associated

with the sample. This basis is determined by measuring the weight loss of a sample when its inherent

moisture is driven off under controlled conditions of

low temperature air-drying followed by heating to just

above the boiling point of water (104 to 110 degrees

centigrade).

Electricity: A form of energy generated by friction,

induction, or chemical change that is caused by the

presence and motion of elementary charged particles

of which matter consists.

Electricity Generation: The process of producing

electric energy or transforming other forms of energy

into electric energy. Also the amount of electric

energy produced or expressed in watthours (Wh).

Electricity Generation, Gross: The total amount of

electric energy produced by the generating station or

stations, measured at the generator terminals.

Electricity Generation, Net: Gross generation less

electricity consumed at the generating plant for

station use. Electricity required for pumping at

pumped-storage plants is regarded as plant use and is

deducted from gross generation.

Electric Power Plant: A station containing prime

movers, electric generators, and auxiliary equipment

for converting mechanical, chemical, and/or fission

energy into electric energy.

Electric Utility: A corporation, person, agency,

authority, or other legal entity or instrumentality that

owns and/or operates facilities within the United

States, its territories, or Puerto Rico for the generation, transmission, distribution, or sale of electric

energy primarily for use by the public and files forms

listed in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 18,

Part 141. Facilities that qualify as cogenerators or

small power producers under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) and exempt wholesale

generators under Energy Policy Act of 1992 are not

considered electric utilities. See definition of nonutility power producer.

Electric Utility Sector: The electric utility sector

consists of privately and publicly owned establishments that generate, transmit, distribute, or sell electricity primarily for use by the public and that meet

the definition of an electric utility. Nonutility power

producers are not included in the electric utility

sector.

Emissions: The pollutants discharged into the atmosphere in exhaust gases. For coal-burning plants, these

emissions are primarily Carbon Dioxide (CO2),

Nitrogen Oxide ( NOx), and Sulfur Dioxide ( SO2).

Energy: The capacity for doing work as measured by

the capability of doing work (potential energy) or the

conversion of this capability to motion (kinetic

energy). Energy has several forms, some of which are

easily convertible and can be changed to another form

useful for work. Most of the world's convertible

energy comes from fossil fuels that are burned to

produce heat that is then used as a transfer medium to

mechanical or other means in order to accomplish

tasks. Electrical energy is usually measured in kilowatt hours, while heat energy is usually measured in

British thermal units.

Energy Consumption: The use of energy as a source

of heat or power or as an input in the manufacturing

process.

304 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Exports: Shipments of goods from the 50 States and

the District of Columbia to foreign countries, Puerto

Rico, the Virgin Islands, and other U.S. possessions

and territories.

Fahrenheit: A temperature scale on which the

boiling point of water is at 212 degrees above zero on

the scale and the freezing point is at 32 degrees above

zero at standard atmospheric pressure.

F.A.S. Value: Free alongside ship value. The value

of a commodity at the port of exportation, generally

including the purchase price plus all charges incurred

in placing the commodity alongside the carrier at the

port of exportation in the country of exportation.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC):

A quasi-independent regulatory agency within the

Department of Energy having jurisdiction over interstate electricity sales, wholesale electric rates, hydroelectric licensing, natural gas pricing, oil pipeline

rates, and gas pipeline certification.

Federal Coal Lease: A lease granted to a mining

company to produce coal from land owned and administered by the Federal Government in exchange for

royalties and other revenues.

Federal Power Act: Enacted in 1920, and amended

in 1935, the Act consists of three parts. The first part

incorporated the Federal Water Power Act administered by the former Federal Power Commission,

whose activities were confined almost entirely to

licensing non-Federal hydroelectric projects. Parts II

and III were added with the passage of the Public

Utility Act. These parts extended the Act's jurisdiction to include regulating the interstate transmission

of electrical energy and rates for its sale as wholesale

in interstate commerce. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission is now charged with the administration of this law.

Federal Power Commission: The predecessor

agency of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The Federal Power Commission (FPC) was

created by an Act of Congress under the Federal

Water Power Act on June 10, 1920. It was charged

originally with regulating the electric power and

natural gas industries. The FPC was abolished on September 20, 1977, when the Department of Energy was

created. The functions of the FPC were divided

between the Department of Energy and the Federal

Energy Regulatory Commission.

FERC: The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

Fixed Carbon: The nonvolatile matter in coal minus

the ash. Fixed carbon is the solid residue other than

ash obtained by prescribed methods of destructive

distillation of a coal. Fixed carbon is the part of the

total carbon that remains when coal is heated in a

closed vessel until all volatile matter is driven off.

Flue Gas Desulfurization Unit (Scrubber): Equipment used to remove sulfur oxides from the combustion gases of a boiler plant before discharge to the

atmosphere. Chemicals, such as lime, are used as the

scrubbing media.

Flue Gas Particulate Collectors: Equipment used to

remove fly ash from the combustion gases of a boiler

plant before discharge to the atmosphere. Particulate

collectors include electrostatic precipitators, mechanical collectors (cyclones), fabric filters (baghouses),

and wet scrubbers.

F.O.B. Mine Price: The free on board mine price.

This is the price paid for coal at the mining operation

site. It excludes freight or shipping and insurance

costs.

F.O.B. Rail/Barge Price: The free on board price of

coal at the point of first sale. It excludes freight or

shipping and insurance costs.

Foreign-Controlled Firms: Foreign-controlled firms

are U.S. coal producers with more than 50 percent of

their stock or assets owned by a foreign firm.

Fossil-Fuel Electric Generation: Electric generation

in which the prime mover is a turbine rotated by highpressure steam produced in a boiler by heat from

burning fossil fuels.

Geothermal Energy: Energy from the internal heat

of the earth, which may be residual heat, friction heat,

or a result of radioactive decay. The heat is found in

rocks and fluids at various depths and can be

extracted by drilling and/or pumping.

Greenhouse Effect: The increasing mean global

surface temperature of the earth caused by gases in

the atmosphere (including carbon dioxide, methane,

nitrous oxide, ozone, and chlorofluorocarbon). The

greenhouse effect allows solar radiation to penetrate

but absorbs the infrared radiation returning to space.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of

goods and services produced by labor and property in

the United States. As long as the labor and property

are located in the United States, the supplier (that is,

the workers and, for property, the owners) may be

either U.S. residents or residents of foreign countries.

Hand Loading: An underground loading method by

which coal is removed from the working face by

manual labor through the use of a shovel for

conveyance to the surface. Though rapidly disappearing, it is still used in very small-tonnage mines.

Highwall: the unexcavated face of exposed overburden and coal in a surface mine.

High-Volatile A Bituminous Coal: See Bituminous

coal.

High-Volatile B Bituminous Coal: See Bituminous

coal.

High-Volatile C Bituminous Coal: See Bituminous

coal.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 305 
High-Volatile (specific sub-group unknown): See

Bituminous coal.

Hydroelectric Power: The harnessing of flowing

water to produce mechanical or electrical energy.

Implicit Price Deflator: The implicit price deflator,

published by the U.S. Department of Commerce,

Bureau of Economic Analysis, is used to convert

nominal figures to real figures.

Imports: Receipts of goods into the 50 States and

the District of Columbia from foreign countries and

from Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and other U.S.

possessions and territories.

Indian Coal Lease: A lease granted to a mining

company to produce coal from Indian lands in

exchange for royalties and other revenues; obtained

by direct negotiation with the Indians, but subject to

approval and administration by the U.S. Department

of the Interior.

Industrial Sector: The industrial sector comprises

manufacturing industries which make up the largest

part of the sector, along with mining, construction,

agriculture, fisheries, and forestry. Establishments in

the sector range from steel mills, to small farms, to

companies assembling electronic components. The

NAICS codes used to classify establishments as

industrial are 331 through 339.

Interquartile Range: The interquartile range is the

range within which the middle 50 percent of observations are concentrated. See Appendix D, Section

"Interquartile Range."

Jet Fuel: The term includes kerosene-type jet fuel

and naphtha-type jet fuel. Kerosene-type jet fuel is a

kerosene-quality product used primarily for commercial turbojet and turboprop aircraft engines. Naphthatype jet fuel is a fuel in the heavy naphtha range used

primarily for military turbojet and turboprop aircraft

engines.

Lease Condensate: A natural gas liquid recovered

from gas well gas (associated and non-associated) in

lease separators or natural gas field facilities. Lease

condensate consists primarily of pentane and heavier

hydrocarbons.

Lignite: A brownish-black coal of low rank with

high inherent moisture and volatile matter (used

almost exclusively for electric power generation).

Similar coal in Europe and Australia are also referred

to as brown coal. Lignite comprises two groups classified according to the following ASTM Specification

D-388-91a for calorific values on a moist mineralmatter-free basis:

Limits Btu/lb.

GE LT

Lignite A 6300 8300

Lignite B - 6300

GE = Greater than or equal to

LT = Less than

Lignite is non-agglomerating.

Lignite A: See Lignite.

Lignite B: See Lignite.

Longwall Mining: A form of underground coal

mining which is gaining in importance in the United

States and can be used at greater depths than roomand-pillar mining. In longwall mining, a cutting

machine is pulled back and forth across a panel of

coal 300 to 600 feet wide and as much as a mile long,

with the broken coal moved by conveyor. Longwall

mining is done under movable roof supports that are

advanced as the bed is cut. The roof in the mined-out

area is allowed to fall as the mining advances.

Low-Volatile Bituminous Coal: See Bituminous

Coal.

Major Coal-Producing States: Any State that

produces more than 12 million short tons of coal

during the year.

Manufacturing (except coke plants): Those industrial users/plants, not including coke plants, that are

engaged in the mechanical or chemical transformation

of materials or substances into new (i.e., finished or

semifinished) products. Includes coal used for

gasification/liquefaction.

Medium-Volatile Bituminous Coal: See Bituminous

Coal.

Merchant Coke Plant: A coke plant where coke is

produced primarily for sale on the commercial (open)

market.

Meta-Anthracite: See Anthracite.

Metallurgical Coal: Coal that meets the requirements for making coke. It must be low in ash and

sulfur and form a coke that is capable of supporting

the charge of iron ore and limestone in a blast

furnace. A blend of two or more bituminous coals is

usually required to make coke.

Metric Ton: A unit of weight equal to 2,204.6

pounds.

Mine Type: See Surface Mine and Underground

Mine.

Mineral-Matter-Free Basis: Mineral matter in coal

is the parent material in coal from which ash is

derived, and which comes from minerals present in

the original plant materials that formed the coal, or

from extraneous sources such as sediments and precipitates from mineralized water is called the mineral

matter. Mineral matter in coal cannot be analytically

determined and is commonly calculated using data on

ash and ash-forming constituents. Coal analyses are

calculated to the mineral-matter-free basis by

adjusting formulas used in calculations in order to

deduct the weight of mineral matter from the total

coal.

306 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
Moist (Coal) Basis: "Moist" coal contains its natural

inherent or bed moisture, but does not include water

adhering to the surface. Coal analyses expressed on a

moist basis are performed or adjusted so as to

describe the data when the coal contains only that

moisture which exists in the bed in its natural state of

deposition, and when the coal has not lost any

moisture due to drying.

NAICS: See North American Industry Classification

System

Naphtha: A genetic term applied to a petroleum

fraction with an approximate boiling range between

122 and 400 degrees Fahrenheit.

Natural Gas: A mixture of hydrocarbons and small

quantities of various nonhydrocarbons existing in the

gaseous phase or in solution with crude oil in underground reservoirs.

Natural Gas (Dry): The marketable portion of

natural gas production, which is obtained by subtracting extraction losses, including natural gas

liquids removed at natural gas processing plants, from

total production.

Natural Gas Plant Liquids (NGPL): Natural gas

liquids recovered from natural gas in processing

plants and, in some situations, from natural gas field

facilities, as well as those extracted by fractionators.

Natural gas plant liquids are defined according to the

published specifications of the Gas Processors Association and the American Society for Testing and Materials as follows: ethane, propane, normal butane,

isobutane, pentane plus, and other products from

natural gas processing plants (i.e., products meeting

the standards for finished petroleum products

produced at natural gas processing plants, such as finished motor gasoline, finished aviation gasoline,

special naphtha, kerosene, distillate fuel oil, and miscellaneous products).

Nitrogen Oxide: NOx. A gas formed in hightemperature environments when nitrogen and oxygen

are present together. This typically occurs in a combustion chamber such as those in fossil-fuel burning

electric utilities. Nitrogen oxide emissions are a contributor to acid rain.

Nominal Price: The price paid for a product or

service at the time of the transaction. The nominal

price, which is expressed in current dollars, is not

adjusted to remove the effect of changes in the purchasing power of the dollar.

Nonutility Power Producers: A corporation, person,

agency, authority, or other legal entity or

instrumentality that owns electric generating capacity

and is not an electric utility. Nonutility power producers include qualifying cogenerators, qualifying

small- power producers, and other nonutility generators (including independent power producers) without

a designated franchised service area and which do not

file forms listed in the Code of Federal Regulations,

Title 18, Part 141. (See Electric Utility.)

North American Industry Classification System

(NAICS): A standardized set of codes which categorizes industries into groups with similar economic

activities, used by the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. The

NAICS codes replace the SIC codes.

Nuclear Electric Power: Electricity generated by an

electric power plant whose turbines are driven by

steam generated in a reactor by heat from the fissioning of nuclear fuel.

Number of Mines: The number of mines, or mines

collocated with preparation plants or tipples, located

in a particular geographic area (State or region). If a

mine is mining coal across two counties within a

State, or across two States, then it is counted as two

operations. This is done so that EIA can separate production by State and county.

Number of Mining Operations: The number of

mining operations includes preparation plants with

greater than 5,000 total direct labor hours. Mining

operations that consist of a mine and preparation plant

or a preparation plant only will be counted as two

operations, if the preparation plant processes both

underground and surface coal. Excluded are silt, culm,

refuse bank, slurry dam, and dredge operations except

for Pennsylvania anthracite. Excludes mines

producing less than 10,000 short tons of coal during

the year, and preparation plants with less than 5,000

employee hours.

Open Market Coal: Coal sold in the open market,

i.e., coal sold to companies other than the reporting

company's parent company or an operating subsidiary

of the parent company.

Operating Subsidiary: A company which is controlled through the ownership of voting stock, or a

corporate joint venture in which a corporation is

owned by a small group of businesses as a separate

and specific business or project for the mutual benefit

of the members of the group.

Other Industrial Plant: Industrial users, not

including coke plants, engaged in the mechanical or

chemical transformation of materials or substances

into new products (manufacturing); and companies

engaged in the agriculture, mining, or construction

industries.

Other Power Producers: This sector is comprised

of coal-burning facilities that generate power but are

not covered by the EIA survey form EIA-759.

Other Unions: See Union Type.

Overburden: Any material, consolidated or unconsolidated, that overlies a coal deposit.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 307 
Parent Company: A company which solely or

jointly owns the reporting company and which is not

itself a subsidiary of, or owned by, another company.

Percent Utilization: The ratio of total production to

productive capacity, times 100.

Petroleum: Petroleum includes residential and

distillate fuel oils, crude oil, and all other petroleum

fuels, excluding petroleum coke.

Petroleum Coke: A residue that is the final product

of the condensation process in cracking. The product

is either marketable petroleum coke or catalyst petroleum coke.

Petroleum Products: Products obtained from the

processing of crude oil (including lease condensate),

natural gas, and other hydrocarbon compounds. Petroleum products include unfinished oils, liquefied petroleum gases, pentane plus, aviation gasoline, motor

gasoline, naphtha-type jet fuel, kerosene-type jet fuel,

kerosene, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil,

petrochemical feedstocks, special naphtha, lubricants,

waxes, petroleum coke, asphalt, road oil, still gas, and

miscellaneous products.

Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Energy (as used at

electric utilities): Energy radiated by the sun as

electromagnetic waves (electromagnetic radiation)

that is converted at electric utilities into electricity by

means of solar (photovoltaic) cells or concentrating

(focusing) collectors.

Preparation Plant: A mining facility at which coal

is crushed, screened, and mechanically cleaned.

Producer and Distributor Coal Stocks: Producer

and distributor coal stocks consist of coal held in

stock by producers/distributors at the end of a

reporting period.

Productive Capacity: The maximum amount of coal

that a mining operation can produce or process during

a period with the existing mining equipment and/or

preparation plant in place, assuming that the labor and

materials sufficient to utilize the plant and equipment

are available, and that the market exists for the

maximum production.

Quadrillion Btu: 1015 Btu.

Real Price: A price that has been adjusted to remove

the effect of changes in the purchasing power of the

dollar. Real prices, which are expressed in constant

dollars, usually reflect buying power relative to a base

year.

Recoverable Coal Reserves at Mines: The quantity

of coal that can be recovered (i.e., mined) from

existing coal reserves, as reported on Form EIA-7A.

Recoverable Reserves of Coal: An estimate of the

amount of coal that can be recovered (mined) from the

accessible reserves of the demonstrated reserve base.

Recovery Percentage: The percentage of coal that

can be recovered from the coal deposits at existing

mines.

Refuse Bank: A repository for waste material generated by the coal cleaning process.

Refuse Mine: A surface mine where coal is recovered from previously mined coal. It may also be

known as a silt bank, culm bank, refuse bank, slurry

dam, or dredge operation.

Report Year: The calendar year beginning at 12:00

a.m. January 1 and ending at 11:59 p.m. December 31.

Residential and Commercial Sector: Housing units;

wholesale and retail businesses (except coal wholesale

dealers); health institutions (hospitals); social and

educational institutions (schools and universities); and

Federal, State, and local governments (military installations, prisons, office buildings).

Residual Fuel Oil: The heavier oils that remain after

the distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons are

distilled away in refinery operations and that conform

to ASTM Specifications D396 and 975. Included are

No. 5, a residual fuel oil of medium viscosity; Navy

Special, for use in steam-powered vessels in government service and in shore power plants; and No. 6,

which includes Bunker C fuel oil and is used for commercial and industrial heating, electricity generation,

and to power ships. Imports of residual fuel oil

include imported crude oil burned as fuel.

Room-and-Pillar Mining: The most common

method of underground mining in which the mine roof

is supported mainly by coal pillars left at regular

intervals. Rooms are places where the coal is mined;

pillars are areas of coal left between the rooms.

Room-and-pillar mining is done either by conventional or continuous mining.

Royalties: Payments, in money or kind, of a stated

share of production from mineral deposits, by the

lessee to the lessor. Royalties may be an established

minimum, a sliding-scale, or a step-scale. A step-scale

royalty rate increases by steps as the average production on the lease increases. A sliding-scale royalty

rate is based on average production and applies to all

production from the lease.

Sales Volume: The reported output from Federal

and/or Indian lands, the basis of royalties. It is

approximately equivalent to production, which

includes coal sold, and coal added to stockpiles.

Scoop Loading: An underground loading method by

which coal is removed from the working face by a

tractor unit equipped with a hydraulically operated

bucket attached to the front; also called a front-end

loader.

Semianthracite: See Anthracite.

Shaft Mine: An underground mine that reaches the

coalbed by means of a vertical shaft. In addition to the

passages providing entry to the coalbed, a network of

308 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999
other passages are also dug, some to provide access to

various parts of the mine and some for ventilation.

Short Ton: A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds.

Shortwall Mining: A form of underground mining

that involves the use of a continuous mining machine

and movable roof supports to shear coal panels 150 to

200 feet wide and more than half a mile long.

Although similar to longwall mining, shortwall

mining is generally more flexible because of the

smaller working area. Productivity is lower than with

longwall mining because the coal is hauled to the

mine face by shuttle cars as opposed to conveyors.

SIC: See Standard Industrial Classification.

Silt: Waste from Pennsylvania anthracite preparation

plants, consisting of coarse rock fragments containing

as much as 30 percent small-sized coal; sometimes

defined as including very fine coal particles called

silt. Its heat value ranges from 8 to 17 million Btu per

short ton. Synonymous with culm.

Silt, Culm Refuse Bank, or Slurry Dam Mining: A

mining operation producing coal from these sources

of coal. (See refuse mine.)

Slope Mine: An underground mine in which the

entry is driven at an angle to reach the coal deposit.

Slurry Dam: A repository for the silt or culm from a

preparation plant.

Solar Energy: The radiant energy of the sun, which

can be converted into other forms of energy, such as

heat or electricity.

Solar Thermal Collector: A devise designed to

receive solar radiation and convert it into thermal

energy. Normally, a solar thermal collector includes a

frame, glazing, and an absorber, together with appropriate insulation. The heat collected by the solar

thermal collector may be used immediately or stored

for later use.

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC): A set of

codes developed by the Office of Management and

Budget which categorizes industries to groups with

similar economic activities. The SIC codes have been

replaced by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Steam Coal: All noncoking coal.

Stocks: The supply of coal or coke at a mine, plant,

or utility at the end of the reporting period.

Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR): Petroleum

stocks maintained by the Federal Government for use

during periods of major supply interruption.

Strip (Surface) Mining: A method used on flat

terrain to recover coal by mining long strips successively. The material excavated from the strip being

mined is deposited in the strip previously mined.

Subbituminous Coal: A dull black coal of rank

intermediate between lignite and bituminous, consisting of subbituminous A coal, subbituminous B

coal, and subbituminous C coal, classified according

to the following ASTM Specification D-388-91a on a

moist mineral-matter-free basis:

Calorific

Value

Limits

Btu/lb.

GE LT

Subbituminous A Coal 10500 11500

Subbituminous B Coal 9500 10500

Subbituminous C Coal 8300 9500

GE = Greater than or equal to

LT = Less than

Subbituminous coal is non-agglomerating.

Subbituminous A Coal: See Subbituminous Coal.

Subbituminous B Coal: See Subbituminous Coal.

Subbituminous C Coal: See Subbituminous Coal.

Sulfur: One of the elements present in varying quantities in coal that contributes to environmental degradation when coal is burned. In terms of sulfur content

by weight, coal is generally classified as low (less

than or equal to 1 percent), medium (greater than 1

percent and less than or equal to 3 percent), and high

(greater than 3 percent). Sulfur content is measured as

a percent by weight of coal on an "as received" or a

"dry" (moisture-free, usually part of a laboratory analysis) basis.

Sulfur Dioxide: SO2. A caustic, corrosive gas that is

a by-product of combustion and emissions from

fossil-fuel burning electric utility plants. The primary

agent in the production of acid rain.

Supplemental Gaseous Fuels: Any gaseous substance that, introduced into or commingled with

natural gas, increases the volume available for disposition. Such substances include, but are not limited to,

propane-air, refinery gas, coke oven gas, still gas,

manufactured gas, biomass gas, or air or inert gases

added for Btu stabilization.

Surface Mine: A coal-producing mine that is usually

within a few hundred feet of the surface. Earth and

rock above or around the coal (overburden) is

removed to expose the coalbed, which is then mined

with surface excavation equipment such as draglines,

power shovels, bulldozers, loaders, and augers. It may

also be known as an area, contour, open-pit, strip, or

auger mine.

Tipple: A central facility used in loading coal for

transportation by rail or truck.

Transportation Sector: The transportation sector

consists of private and public vehicles that move

people and commodities. Included are automobiles,

trucks. buses, motorcycles, railroads and railways

(including streetcars), aircraft, ships, barges, and

natural gas pipelines.

Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999 309 
Underground Mine: A mine where coal is produced

by tunneling into the earth to the coalbed, which is

then mined with underground mining equipment such

as cutting machines and continuous, longwall, and

shortwall mining machines. Underground mines are

classified according to the type of opening used to

reach the coal, i.e., drift (level tunnel), slope (inclined

tunnel), or shaft (vertical tunnel).

Unfinished Oils: All oils requiring further refinery

processing, except those requiring only mechanical

blending. Includes naphtha and lighter oils, kerosene

and light gas oils, heavy gas oils, and residuum.

Union Type: Union type consists of United Mine

Workers of America (UMWA), and the following

"Other Union" types: Southern Labor Union (SLU),

Appalachian Miners of America (AMA), Scotia

Employees Association (SEA), International Union of

Operating Engineers (IUOE), Utility Workers of

America (UWA), Progressive Mine Workers Association (PMWA), International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), International Chemical

Workers Union (ICWU), Redstone Workers Association (RWA), Chariton Valley Independent Union

(CVIU), American Federation of Labor - Congress of

Industrial Organization (AFL-CIO), Labors International (LABO), Crow Hollow Miners (CROW), Coal

Strippers (COAL), United Steel Workers (USW),

Independent Miners Association (IMA), Independent

Union (INUN), Independence Miners, Brokers, and

Truckers Association (IMBT), Council of Southern

Mountains (CSM), International Brotherhood of

Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers

Union (TEAM), Thompson Creek Workers Association (TCWA), United Brotherhood of Clay Workers

(UBCW), Wilmot Employees Independent Union

(WEIU), Independent Strip Miners Union (ISMU),

Independent Miners (IM), Independent Workers (IW),

Coal Strippers Union (CSU), Independent Miners

Union (IMU), Independent Coal Workers (ICW),

Independent Strip Mining Workers (ISMW), Independent Strip Union (ISU), Association of Bituminous

Contractors (ABC), Arch Minerals Employees Association (AMEA), United Paperworkers International

Union (UPIU), Welch Miners Union (WMU), Falcon

Coal Employees Association (FCEA), Justus

Employees Association (JEA), International Construction Union (ICU), Brotherhood of Miners

(BOM), Western Energy Workers (WEW), Carlin

Independent Union (CIU), International Association

of United Workers Union (IAWU), and Stove,

Furnace and Allied Appliance Workers International

Union of N. A. (SFAW).

U.S. Coal Exports: Amount of U.S. coal shipped to

foreign destinations, as reported in the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census, "Monthly

Report EM 545."

U.S. Coal Imports: Amount of foreign coal shipped

to the United States, as reported in the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Monthly

Report IM 145."

Wind Energy (as used at electric utilities): The

kinetic energy of wind converted at electric utilities

into mechanical energy by wind turbines (i.e., blades

rotating from the hub) that drive generators to

produce electricity for distribution.

Wood and Waste (as used at electric utilities):

Wood energy, garbage, bagasse, sewerage gas, and

other industrial, agricultural, and urban refuse used to

generate electricity for distribution.

Volatile Matter: Those products, exclusive of

moisture, given off by a material as gas or vapor. Volatile matter is determined by heating the coal to 950

degrees centigrade under carefully controlled conditions and measuring the weight loss, excluding weight

of moisture driven off at 105 degrees Centigrade.

310 Energy Information Administration/ Coal Industry Annual 1999