# Patent

## Title
Active compound combinations for protecting animal hides and leather

## Abstract

The present application relates to the use of active compound combinations containing phenolic active compounds and fungicidal active compounds for preserving animal hides and leather.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present application relates to the use of active compound combinations containing phenolic active compounds and fungicidal active compounds for preserving animal hides and leather.
It is known that phenol derivatives and mixtures or formulations thereof can be used as compositions for the protection of materials in leather manufacture. However, it has emerged that these compounds, when employed alone or in combination, do not offer sufficient protection of stored hides and leather against microbial attack after some time.
It is furthermore known that benzimidazoles, imidazoles, triazoles, and/or morpholine derivatives in combination with phenolic compounds make possible a protection of the animal hides and leather during manufacture and storage (U.S. Pat. No. 5,888,415). The use of 2-mercapto-pyridine N-oxide and its salts for preserving leather is also known (WO 98/56959).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it has now been found that combinations of certain fungicidal active compounds such as mercaptobenzothiazole, methylene bisthiocyanate, thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctyl isothiazolinone (DCOIT), chlorothalonil, iodopropynyl, butylcarbamate (IPBC), di-iodo-methyl p-tolyl sulfone, N-cyclohexylbenzothiophene-2-carboxamide S,S-dioxide, and dithio-2,2′-bisbenzylmethylamide and phenolic active compounds are outstandingly suitable for the preservation of animal hides and leather.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Suitable phenolic active compounds are preferably phenol derivatives such as tribromophenol, trichlorophenol, nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol,3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, phenoxyethanol, dichloro-phene, o-phenylphenol, m-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (chlorophene), 2,4-dichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 4-chlorothymol, triclosan, fentichlor, and their ammonium, alkali metal, and alkaline earth metal salts, and mixtures thereof.
Preferred are combinations containing 3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (BP), 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK), and/or o-phenylphenol (OPP) as phenolic constituents and one or more of the above-mentioned fungicides.
The following combinations may be mentioned in particular:

    CMK/mercaptobenzothiazole,
    CMK/methylene bisthiocyanate,
    CMK/thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB),
    CMK/benzisothiazolinone (BIT),
    CMK/octylisothiazolinone (OIT),
    CMK/dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT),
    CMK/iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC),
    CMK/di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone,
    CMK/N-cyclohexylbenzothiophene-2-carboxamide S,S-dioxide,
    OPP/mercaptobenzothiazole,
    OPP/methylene bisthiocyanate,
    OPP/thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB),
    OPP/benzisothiazolinone (BIT),
    OPP/octylisothiazolinone (OIT),
    OPP/dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT),
    OPP/iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC),
    OPP/di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone,
    OPP/N-cyclohexylbenzothiophene-2-carboxamide S,S-dioxide,
    CMK/OPP/mercaptobenzothiazole,
    CMK/OPP/methylene bisthiocyanate,
    CMK/OPP/thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB),
    CMK/OPP/benzisothiazolinone (BIT),
    CMK/OPP/octylisothiazolinone (OIT),
    CMK/OPP/dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT),
    CMK/OPP/iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC),
    CMK/OPP/di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone,
    CMK/OPP/N-cyclohexylbenzothiophene-2-carboxamide S,S-dioxide,
    CMK/BP/mercaptobenzothiazole,
    CMK/BP/methylene bisthiocyanate,
    CMK/BP/thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole (TCMTB),
    CMK/BP/benzisothiazolinone (BIT),
    CMK/BP/octylisothiazolinone (OIT),
    CMK/BP/dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT),
    CMK/BP/iodopropynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC),
    CMK/BP/di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and
    CMK/BP/N-cyclohexylbenzothiophene-2-carboxamide S,S-dioxide.


The above-mentioned fungicidal and phenolic compounds are known. See, for example, “Microbicides for the Protection of Materials”, Chapmann & Hall, 1993.
In general, 5 to 200 by weight (preferably 10 to 100 by weight and especially preferably 12 to 50 parts by weight) of one or more of the above-mentioned phenolic compounds are employed per part by weight of one or more of the above-mentioned fungicides in the combinations according to the invention.
If two or more phenolic compounds are present in the combinations according to the invention, their ratio to each other can be varied within wide limits. Advantageous ratios can be determined in a simple fashion by conventional experiments that are known to the skilled worker. As a rule, the weight ratio between two phenolic compounds is between 1:1 and 1:10. If, for example, OPP is present in addition to CMK in a combination according to the invention, the preferred weight ratio OPP:CMK is between 1:1 and 1:5.
Surprisingly, the combinations according to the invention have a synergistic action, meaning that the action of the combination exceeds the action of the individual active compounds.
In general, the combinations according to the invention of the active compounds are employed as formulations. The concentration for their use is preferably 0.1 to 1% of active compound or active compound mixture based on the hides or leather to be protected.
The compositions arising from the formulation contain the active compound mixture preferably in an amount of 10 to 50%. In general, the compositions contain the following as further constituents: 0 to 30% alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxides; 0 to 20% ionic and/or nonionic emulsifiers; 5 to 60% organic solvents such as, in particular, glycols, ketones, glycol ethers, alcohols such as ethanol, methanol, 1,2-propanediol, and n-propanol; and 0 to 0.5% of odoriferous substances and fragrances. The remainder to 100% is water or organic solvent, such as, for example, 1,2-propanediol. The percentages stated are by weight.
The active compound mixtures and the compositions that can be prepared from them are used in accordance with the invention by generally customary application methods in leather manufacture for the protection of animal hides against attack and damage by microorganisms. It is of particular interest in this context that representatives of the species Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus repens, Hormoconis resinae, Penicillium glaucum, Trichoderma viride, Penicillium species such as P. citrinum or P. glaucum, Paecilomyces variotii, Cladosporium species, Mucor species such as Mucor mucedo, Rhizopus species such as Rhizopus oryzae, and Thizopus rouxii are suppressed fully and permanently.
The following examples further illustrate details for the preparation and use of the compositions of this invention. The invention, which is set forth in the foregoing disclosure, is not to be limited either in spirit or scope by these examples. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that known variations of the conditions and processes of the following preparative procedures can be used to prepare these compositions. Unless otherwise noted, all temperatures are degrees Celsius and all percentages are percentages by weight.


EXAMPLES
Example 1
Agar plates were inoculated with conidia of the species Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus repens, Penicillium glaucum, Trichoderma viride, and Hormoconis resinae. Wet blue samples treated with mixture I, mixture II, and mixture III were then placed on the agar plates and incubated for 28 days at 20 to 30° C. and at a relative atmospheric humidity of 95%.
Mixture I


    30 parts by weight of p-chlorocresol
    13 parts by weight of o-phenylphenol

Mixture II

    10 parts by weight of octyliso-m-thiazolinone

Mixture III

    30 parts by weight of p-chloro-m-cresol
    10 parts by weight of 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol
    2 parts by weight of octylisothiazolinone


Mold growth was observed on the test pieces after an incubation time of as little as 10 days for the wet blues preserved with mixture I and mixture II. No growth was observed after an incubation time of 20 days for mixture III.
Example 2
Formulation I


    30 parts by weight of p-chloro-m-cresol
    13 parts by weight of o-phenylphenol
    2 parts by weight of octylisothiazolinone
    12 parts by weight of naoh
    14 parts by weight of 1,2-propanediol
    remainder to 100 parts by weight: water

Formulation II

    27 parts by weight of p-chloro-m-cresol
    12 parts by weight of 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol
    1 part by weight of octylisothiazolinone
    Remainder to 100 parts by weight: 1,2-propanediol

## Claims

1. A composition comprising:
(1) at least one fungicidal active compound selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone(BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), chlorothalonil, and 2-dithio-2,2′-bisbenzylmethylamide; and
(2) two phenolic active compounds in a weight ratio of between 1:1 and 1:10, from 5 to 200 parts by weight of the phenolic active compounds per part by weight of the at least one fungicidal active compound, that is selected from the group consisting of nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK), 3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, phenoxyethanol, dichlorophene, o-phenyl-phenol (OPP), m-phenylphenol, p-phenylphenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (chlorophene, BP), 2,4-dichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 4-chlorothmol, triclosan, and fentichlor and the ammonium salts of the foregoing phenolic active compounds, alkali metal salts of the foregoing phenolic active compounds, and alkaline earth metal salts of the foregoing phenolic active compounds.

2. A composition comprising;
(1) at least one fungicidal active compound wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone; and
(2) at least one phenolic active compound, from 5 to 200 parts by weight of the at least one phenolic active compound per part by weight of the at least one fungicidal active compound, wherein the phenolic active compound is 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK).

3. A composition comprising:
(1) at least one fungicidal active compound, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzoth lazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone; and
(2) least one phenolic active compound, from 5 to 200 parts by weight of the at least one phenolic active compound per part by weight of the at least one fungicidal active compound, wherein the at least one phenolic active compound comprises a mixture of 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol and o-phenylphenol (CMK/OPP).

4. A composition comprising:
(1) at least one fungicidal active compound, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone; and
(2) at least one phenolic active compound, from 5 to 200 parts by weight of the at least one phenolic active compound per part by weight of the at least one fungicidal active compound, wherein the at least one phenolic active compound comprises a mixture of 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol and 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK/BP).

5. A method of protecting an animal hide or leather from microbial attack comprising treating the hide or leather with a composition comprising a mixture of:
(1) at least one fungicidal active compound selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone(BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), chlorothalonil, di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and 2-dithio-2,2′-bisbenzylmethylamide; and
(2) at least one phenolic active compound, from 5 to 200 parts by weight of the at least one phenolic active compound per part by weight of the at least one fungicidal active compound, that is selected from the group consisting of nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol(CMK), 3,5-dimethyl-4-chlorophenol, phenoxyethanol, dichlorophene, o-phenyl-phenol (OPP), m-phenylphenol, p-phenyiphenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (chlorophene, BP), 2,4-dichloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, 4-chlorothymol, triclosan, fentichlor, and ammonium salts, alkali metal salts, and alkaline earth metal salts of the at least one phenolic active compound, and a combination thereof;
and thereby protecting the animal hide or leather.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the composition is at a concentration from 0.1 to 1% based on the quantity of the animal hide or leather.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the composition comprises two phenolic active compounds in a weight ratio of between 1:1 and 1:10.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and the at least one phenolic active compound is 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK).

9. The method of claim 5, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and the at least one phenolic active compound is o-phenylphenol (OPP).

10. The method of claim 5, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and the at least one phenolic active compound comprises a mixture of 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol and o-phenylphenol (CMK/OPP).

11. The method of claim 5, wherein the at least one fungicidal active compound is selected from the group consisting of mercaptobenzothiazole, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), octylisothiazolinone (OIT), dichlorooctylisothiazolinone (DCOIT), and di-iodomethyl p-tolyl sulfone, and at least one phenolic active compound comprises a mixture of 3-methyl-4-chlorophenol and 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol (CMK/BP).