PREFACE

The Industry Trade and Technology Review (ITTR) is a quarterly staff publication of the

Office of Industries, U.S. International Trade Commission. The opinions and conclusions

contained in this report are those of the authors and are not the views of the Commission as

a whole or of any individual Commissioner. The report is intended to provide analysis of

important issues and insights into the global position of U.S. industries, the technological

competitiveness of the United States, and implications of trade and policy developments.

The information and analysis in this series are for the purpose of this report only. Nothing

in this report should be construed to indicate how the Commission would find in an

investigation conducted under any statutory authority.

Inquiries or comments on items in this report may be made directly to the author, or to:

Director of Industries

Industry Trade and Technology Review

U. S. International Trade Commission

500 E Street, SW

Washington, DC 20436

Fax: 202-205-3161

Requests for copies of the ITTR, or to be added to the mailing list, should be addressed to

the Office of the Secretary, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street SW,

Washington, DC 20436, or by fax: 202-205-2104

Quarterly Review Staff

Larry Brookhart

Karl Tsuji

assisted by

Zema Tucker

Sharon Greenfield

Contributing Authors

Michael Nunes

Ralph Watkins

Robert A. Rogowsky

Director of Operations

Vern Simpson

Director of Industries
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JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Index of Articles

i

Listing of Published Articles

(September 1998 - July 2002)

September 1998

Internet advertising

Progress in recognizing and regulating global professional service providers

Deregulation fosters globalization of the electric power industry

December 1998

Impediments to competitiveness in Russia’s minerals and metals sector

Nonstore retailing: Alternative retailers attracting customers

Apparel sourcing strategies for competing in the U.S. market

March 1999

Korea’s foreign exchange crisis and its implications for U.S.-Korean trade

Advanced structural ceramics: Vast potential has yet to be realized

June 1999

Energy services: Recent trends and future prospects

Market trends affecting the U.S. environmental services sector

Health care services: Strong fundamentals and innovations foreshadow growth 

in U.S. exports and foreign direct investment

October 1999

Outsourcing by the pharmaceutical industry provides opportunities for fine

chemical producers worldwide 

Thailand’s financial crisis and progress towards recovery—Implications for

U.S. trade

December 1999

Air transport services: International regulation and future prospects for

liberalization

Renewed services trade negotiations in the WTO

March 2000

Machine vision: Vital technology for manufacturing industries

Agriculture in the WTO: The Seattle Ministerial and beyond

July 2000

Express services: Issues for negotiation in the World Trade Organization

Production-sharing update: Developments in 1999

Apparel market: New U.S. legislation places CBERA countries on a more equal

competitive basis with Mexico

October 2000

WTO agricultural trade negotiations: An update

Steel sector explores E-Commerce although wary of quick transition

Mexico’s emergence as a global automotive production center drives 

trade and investment
JULY 2002

Index of Articles Industry Trade and Technology Review

ii

Listing of Published Articles—Continued

January 2001

U.S. metal mining: Recent trends and uncertainty discourage domestic

exploration and investment

Factors affecting the competitive position of the Indian software industry

Manufacturing strategies of the North American major household

appliance industry

March 2001

Apparel: Andean countries seek parity with Caribbean Basin countries

to remain competitive in the U.S. market

Chemical trade by the Central European countries: Difficulties of sector

 transition

Commercialization of hybrid automobiles: Prospective demand for light metals

July 2001

Trends in China’s steel consumption

Production-sharing update: Developments in 2000

October 2001

E-commerce and nonferrous metals: Despite potential, adoption

has been slow

Foreign direct investment in infrastructure services in OECD countries

December 2001

Evidence of trade, income, and employment effects of NAFTA

U.S. primary aluminum: Power costs and market conditions could

cause long-term restructuring

March 2002

Dyeing and finishing of apparel fabrics

WTO agricultural trade negotiations: A second update

Aluminum metal matrix composites gaining greater market acceptance 

July 2002

U.S. telecommunication services: Industry and trade outlook

Mexico versus China: Factors affecting export and investment competition

Production-sharing update: Developments in 2001
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Contents

iii

CONTENTS

Page

U.S. telecommunication services: Industry and 

trade outlook .......................................................... 1

Trade and investment trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Cross-border trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Foreign direct investment and affiliate transactions ........................... 4

Industry overview ........................................................ 5

U.S. output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Competitive environment ............................................... 6

WTO negotiating proposals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Mexico versus China: Factors affecting export

and investment competition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Indicators of competitiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Mexico’s leading products in the U.S. market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

China’s leading products in the U.S. market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Head-to-head competition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Factors influencing plant location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Outlook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Annex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Production-sharing update: Developments in 2001 . . . . . . 27

Automotive Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Machinery and electronic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Appendix A: Key performance indicators of selected

industries and regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

Steel:

Figure A-1 Declining sales led to losses for specialty producers while

increasing prices kept minimills profitable and reduced losses for

 integrated producers during first quarter 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

Table A-1 Semifinished imports increased significantly as exports declined

during first quarter 2002 compared with fourth quarter 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

Table A-2 March 2002 service center shipments increased by 32 percent from

December 2001, but first quarter 2002 shipment were still almost 12 percent

lower than first quarter 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
JULY 2002

Contents Industry Trade and Technology Review

iv

CONTENTS—Continued

Page

Steel—Continued

Figure A-2 Steel mill products, all grades: Capacity utilization rose to highest

level in almost 2 years during first quarter 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3

Automobiles:

Table A-3 U.S. sales of new automobiles, domestic and imported, and

share of U.S. market accounted for by sales of total imports and Japanese

imports, by specified periods, January 2001-March 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4

Figure A-3 U.S. sales of new passenger automobiles decline in first quarter

2002; imports as a percentage of total U.S. sales gain significantly compared

to first quarter 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4

Unwrought aluminum:

Figure A-4 Imports leveled off in the first quarter 2002 after a fluctuating

 increase since fourth quarter 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Table A-4 Aluminum prices increased during first quarter 2002 despite 

inventories in LME warehouses at their highest levels since the first

quarter 1995 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Flat glass:

Figure A-5 Japanese imports continue to decline in 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6

Services:

Figure A-6 Balance on U.S. service trade accounts, by quarters, 2001 . . . . . . . . . . . A-7

Figure A-7 Surpluses on cross-border U.S. services transactions with

selected trading partners, by quarter, 2000-2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7

North American trade:

North American trade highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8

Table A-5 North American trade, 1997-2001, January-March 2001, and

January-March 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9

Appendix B: Statistical tables (B-1 to B-19) for U.S.

imports under the production-sharing provisions of

HTS heading 9802 (HTS 9802.00.60, 9802.00.80, and

9802.00.90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Tables B-1 to B-19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2 - B-36

Appendix C: Statistical tables (C-1 to C-7) for trade

under Mexico’s production-sharing provisions

(Temporary Import Programs). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1

Tables C-1 to C-7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2 - C-16
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Telecommunication Services 

 1 The views expressed in this article are the author’s. They are not the views of the U.S.

International Trade Commission (USITC) as a whole or any of the individual Commissioners.

 2

 Basic services entail the transmission of voice and data without change in form or content.

 3

 Value-added services include services such as electronic mail, electronic data interchange,

electronic funds transfer, enhanced facsimile, and on-line database access.

 4

 Settlement payments may also reflect surcharges that some countries impose on collect and

country-direct calls.

1

U.S. Telecommunication Services: Industry

and Trade Outlook

Michael Nunes1

mnunes@usitc.gov

(202) 205-3462

U.S. telecommunication service firms, global leaders in terms of revenue,

accounted for approximately 32 percent of global revenue in 2001.

However, intense competition in the U.S. long-distance market has pushed

down calling rates in recent years, thereby reducing revenues. The U.S.

economic downturn has also reduced revenue growth for local

telecommunication service providers and has led to slower growth in U.S.

direct investment abroad in the telecommunications industry. Despite these

trends, the most recent 2000 annual data recorded a significant decline in

the U.S. trade deficit for telecommunication services, largely due to a

reduction in international accounting rates, which are fees used to settle

traffic imbalances between international telecommunication carriers. Seven

countries and regions have submitted negotiating proposals to the World

Trade Organization (WTO) aimed at further liberalizing global trade in

telecommunication services. This article assesses trade and investment

flows of global telecommunication firms, reviews the current state of the

U.S. industry, and reports on the progress of telecommunication services

negotiations in the WTO.

Telecommunication services trade encompasses basic2

 and value-added3 services, both of

which can be provided across national borders and through foreign-based affiliates. Crossborder trade, which predominantly involves the placement of a call in the home market and

the termination of the call in a foreign market, is the dominant mode of trade. Cross-border

trade data are essentially a product of the accounting rate system fashioned by European

carriers in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Under this system, telecommunication

carriers bilaterally negotiate fees (accounting rates) for carrying international traffic,

measured in calling minutes. Each carrier’s portion of the accounting rate is referred to as

the settlement rate, which in almost all cases is equal to one-half of the negotiated accounting

rate. As bilateral imbalances in international calling traffic occur, the carrier whose outbound

calling minutes exceed its inbound calling minutes makes a net settlement payment to its

foreign counterpart. The net settlement payment is essentially calculated by multiplying the

settlement rate by the number of imbalanced calling minutes.4

 Net settlement payments are

recorded as imports on the balance of payments, whereas net settlement receipts are recorded

as exports.
JULY 2002

Telecommunication Services Industry Trade and Technology Review

 5 U.S. Department of Commerce (USDOC), Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), Survey of

Current Business, Oct. 1997, p. 100.

 6

 Cross-border telecommunication services trade data reflect the most recent 2000 annual data.

Such data are estimated and published by the USDOC, BEA.

 7

 U.S. billed minutes includes all minutes billed by U.S. carriers, and include most calls that

originate in the United States. Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Trends in the

International Telecommunications Industry, Apr. 3, 2001, found at Internet address

http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Reports/FCC-State_Link/Intl/itrnd00.pdf,

retrieved, Dec. 11, 2001. 

 8

 Ibid.

 9

 FCC, Benchmark Order, 12 FCC Rcd 19,806 (1997).

 10 USITC staff estimate based on FCC, IMTS Accounting Rates of the United States,

1985-2001, Dec. 1, 2001, found at Internet address http://www.fcc.gov/ib/td/pf/account.html,

retrieved Dec. 11, 2001.

2

Cross-border trade data also reflect private leased channel services and support services,

which appear to account for approximately 15 percent of cross-border transactions in

telecommunication services; net settlement payments appear to account for the remaining

85 percent.5

 Affiliate transactions are increasing in importance as foreign countries continue

to privatize state-owned monopolies and liberalize foreign ownership restrictions, thereby

creating more opportunities for overseas participation by foreign carriers. Affiliate

transactions data primarily reflect the payment of network access fees by wireline and

wireless telecommunication services providers, and capacity leasing fees charged to resellers

and other telecommunication services providers.

Trade and Investment Trends

Cross-Border Trade6

In 2000, U.S. exports of telecommunication services totaled $3.8 billion, while U.S. imports

totaled $5.4 billion, resulting in a $1.5-billion deficit (figure 1). Exports increased by 2.9

percent in 2000, generally in line with the 3.7-percent average annual growth recorded

during 1995-99. In contrast, U.S. imports declined by 18.8 percent in 2000, significantly

faster than the 2.5-percent average annual decrease recorded during 1995-99. Because

imports declined significantly, while exports rose slightly, the telecommunication services

trade deficit declined by 47.2 percent in 2000.7

Despite a 78.6-percent total increase in U.S. billed international minutes during 1995-99, net

U.S. settlement payments declined from an all-time high of $5.7 billion in 1996 to $4.6

billion in 1999.8

 The decline in net settlement payments, and the resulting decline in U.S.

imports of telecommunication services, is largely attributable to a reduction in settlement

rates, which the Federal Communications Commission moved to lower with its 1997

Benchmark Order. The order established a 5-year time frame during which settlement rates

would be reduced to $0.15 per minute for upper-income countries, $0.19 per minute for

middle-income countries, and $0.23 per minute for lower-income countries.9

 During the first

4 years of the staged reductions, which commenced January 1, 1998, the average settlement

rate declined from $0.27 per minute to approximately $0.16 per minute.10
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Telecommunication Services 

 

11 UK billed minutes to the United States totaled 949 million in 2000, representing a decline of 15

percent from 1.15 billion in 1999. FCC, Trends in the International Telecommunications Industry;

and FCC representative, telephone interview with USITC staff, Washington, DC, Dec. 12, 2001. 

 

12 Mexican billed minutes increased at an average annual rate of 7.69 percent during 1995-99.

FCC, Trends in the International Telecommunications Industry. Former Mexican

telecommunication services monopoly Telmex recently reached an agreement with U.S.-based

WorldCom, Inc. that would progressively lower settlement rates to $0.10 per minute in 2003 from

(continued...)

3

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Exports Imports Trade balance

Billion dollars

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business,

Oct. 2001, found at Internet address http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/di/1001serv/cross-oct.htm.

Figure 1

Telecommunication services: U.S. cross-border exports, imports, and trade

balance, 1995-2000

Mexico, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Australia were the top five export markets

for U.S. telecommunication services in 2000 (figure 2). U.S. exports to Mexico increased

by 62 percent to $491 million, while exports to the United Kingdom, previously the top U.S.

export market, declined by 153 percent to $271 million. The large decrease in exports to the

United Kingdom is the result of an overall decline in call volumes from the United Kingdom,

which may be attributable, in part, to increased use of alternative communication media, such

as e-mail.11 In part as a result of this decline, Canada became the second-largest U.S. export

market. In 2000, U.S. telecommunication service receipts from Canadian firms totaled $352

million, representing an increase of approximately 45 percent over 1999. Japan remained the

fourth-largest U.S. export market, with U.S. telecommunication services exports of $253

million in 2000. Australia replaced Brazil as the fifth-largest U.S. export market, as exports

to Australia increased by 125 percent, while exports to Brazil declined by 9.5 percent.

Increased telecommunication receipts from Australia may be attributable, in part, to

increased telecommunications traffic as a result of the 2000 Summer Olympic Games.

Mexico remains the top U.S. import market for telecommunication services. U.S. imports

from Mexico totaled $1.1 billion in 2000, representing an increase of nearly 40 percent from

$794 million in 1999. This large increase indicates that growth in U.S. call volumes to Mexico

continued to outweigh settlement rate declines.12
JULY 2002

Telecommunication Services Industry Trade and Technology Review

 

12 (...continued)

$0.19 per minute in 2001. Such a reduction would likely result in a decrease in U.S. settlement

payments to Mexico and a corresponding decline in U.S. imports of telecommunication services

from Mexico. Inside U.S. Trade, “USTR Backs Off U.S. WTO Threat In Wake of Telecom Company

Deal,” June 1, 2001. 

 

13 Data for 1995 are not available.

4

Australia

Japan

United Kingdom

Canada

Mexico

-800 -600 -400 -200 0 200 400 600

Exports Trade balance

Million dollars

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business,

Oct. 2001, found at Internet address http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/di/1001serv/cross-oct.htm.

Figure 2

Telecommunication services: U.S. cross-border exports and trade balance, by

major trading partners, 2000

Foreign Direct Investment and Affiliate Transactions

U.S. telecommunication service providers’ direct investment position abroad totaled $15.9

billion in 2000, representing a 2.7-percent increase over 1999. This increase was significantly

lower than the 16-percent average annual increase recorded during 1995-99. The slower

2000 increase corresponds with the beginning of the slowdown in telecommunication

mergers and acquisitions discussed below. Foreign direct investment in the U.S.

telecommunication service industry increased by 8.6 percent to $27.7 billion in 2000, in

contrast to the average annual growth rate of almost 50 percent recorded during 1996-99.13

Inbound foreign direct investment growth reflects several large telecommunication mergers

in recent years, including Deutsche Telecom’s $24-billion acquisition of Voicestream

Wireless in May 2000 and British-based Vodafone Group’s $65.9-billion acquisition of San

Francisco-based Airtouch Communications in September 1999.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Telecommunication Services 

 

14 The McGraw-Hills Companies and USDOC, International Trade Administration (ITA),

“Telecommunications Services, Economic and Trade Trends,” in U.S. Industry & Trade Outlook,

2000 (Washington, DC: McGraw-Hill, 2000), p. 30-2; and Organization for Economic Cooperation

and Development (OECD), “OECD Economic Surveys - United States,” found at Internet address

http://www.lexis-nexis.com/, retrieved Oct. 12, 2000.

5

Figure 3

Telephone and telegraph services: Real gross domestic product, real gross

output, and real intermediate input, 1990-99

Industry Overview

U.S. Output

The U.S. telecommunication service industry experienced 9.1-percent average annual

growth in real gross output during 1990-99, to $385 billion. The increase in demand drove

12.7-percent average annual growth in intermediate inputs during the 1990s (figure 3).

Significant intermediate inputs include communication services from second parties;

maintenance and repair construction; legal, engineering, architectural, and related services;

other business and professional services; audio, video, and other communication equipment;

and electronic components and accessories. Intermediate inputs that grew most rapidly

during 1992-97 in terms of producer prices were audio, video, and other communication

equipment, and electronic components and accessories, which increased at average annual

rates of 14.9 percent and 15.1 percent, respectively, in real terms.14 Such inputs have

contributed to telecommunication network expansion. For example, the number of main

telephone lines in the United States increased at an average annual rate of approximately
JULY 2002

Telecommunication Services Industry Trade and Technology Review

 

15 International Telecommunications Union (ITU), World Telecommunication Indicators, 1999

(Geneva: ITU, Oct. 1999), p. A-11; and ITU, World Telecommunication Indicators, 1994 (Geneva:

ITU, Mar. 1994), p. A-3.

 

16 OECD, Communications Outlook (Paris: OECD, 2001), p. 76. 

 

17 ITU, World Telecommunication Indicators, 2000/2001 (Geneva: ITU, Mar. 2001), p. 55.

 

18 WorldCom announced in June 2002 that it would downwardly restate earnings by

approximately $3.8 billion. The company has since filed for bankruptcy protection.

 

19 The four remaining RBOCs are Verizon, BellSouth, SBC Communications, and Qwest.

 

20 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline, Industry Survey, May 31, 2001.

 

21 The McGraw-Hill Companies and USDOC, ITA, “Telecommunications Services, Economic

and Trade Trends,” U.S. Industry and Trade Outlook, 1999 (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1999),

p. 30-5. CLECs include cellular/PCS providers, Internet Service Providers, cable television

providers, and interexchange providers. CLECs build or rebuild their own local networks or they

lease portions of local networks from incumbent local providers. Recent industry consolidation

and financial difficulties may have reduced the total number of CLECs. 

 

22 AT&T Group, Company 10K report, found at Internet address http://www.sec.gov, retrieved

July 22, 2002.

 

23 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline, p. 1.

 

24 AT&T Group, Company 10K report; and WorldCom, Company 10K report, Mar. 13, 2002,

found at Internet address http://www.sec.gov, retrieved July 22, 2002.

6

5 percent during 1992-99, totaling 183.5 million in 1999.1 5 Additionally, U.S.

telecommunication firms’ investment in Internet network infrastructure, wireless network

digital technology, and local loop infrastructure totaled $88 billion in 1999, representing an

increase of 34 percent over 1998.16

Competitive Environment

In 2001, U.S. telecommunication service providers generated revenues of approximately

$293 billion, representing approximately 32 percent of global revenues.17 Almost 90 percent

of wireline service revenues in the United States are controlled by seven large companies -

AT&T Corp., WorldCom, Inc.,18 Sprint FON Group, and four Regional Bell Operating

Companies (RBOCs).19 In the United States, there are nearly 1,300 local telephone service

companies.20 Approximately 150 firms offer long-distance services over network facilities

that they own or partly own, and another 350 companies resell local services using leased

lines. More than 300 competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) provide local and,

increasingly, long-distance, international, and Internet services in urban areas.21

In the United States, incumbent wireline telecommunication firms increasingly face

competitive pressure both from alternative communication media, such as e-mail and

wireless technology, and from other industry players. In the long-distance voice service

market, incumbent firms have experienced a decrease in overall call volumes and a reduction

in service prices. For example, AT&T reported that its long-distance calling volumes

decreased by approximately 5 percent during 2001, compared to the previous year.22

Simultaneously, Sprint, AT&T, and WorldCom reduced long-distance calling rates from 10

cents per minute to between 5 and 7 cents per minute.23 Call volumes lost to market entrants

and alternative communication media, together with service price reductions, resulted in an

overall reduction in AT&T’s and WorldCom’s total 2000 revenues, which declined by

approximately 5.4 percent and 10.0 percent, respectively.24
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Telecommunication Services 

 

25 USITC staff estimates based on revenue data from company 10-K reports. 

 

26 Tim Greene, “The Long Road to Long Distance,” Network World, June 29, 1998; and Glenn

Bischoff, “The Long and Winding Road,” Telephony, Apr. 23, 2001, p. 12.

 

27 Although Qwest Communications provides long-distance services outside its regional

market, it is still awaiting regulatory approval to provide long-distance services within its local

service area, which encompasses 14 western states.

 

28 Barbara Etzel, “Big is Better: Mergers are Coming to Troubled Telecom, with Regionals

Leading the Way,” The Investment Dealers’ Digest, Nov. 19, 2001, found at Internet address

http://www.proquest.umi.com, retrieved Dec. 5, 2001; and Verizon, Company 10K report, Mar. 20,

2002, retrieved July 22, 2002.

 

29 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline, p. 2.

 

30 Reuters Limited, “McLeodUSA to Restructure, Warns May File for Bankruptcy,” Dec. 4, 2001,

found at Internet address http://www.totaltele.com, retrieved Dec. 4, 2001.

 

31 Reuters Limited, “Verizon to Maintain Links for NorthPoint DSL,” Apr. 2, 2001, found at

Internet address http://www.totaltele.com, retrieved Dec. 4, 2001.

 

32 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireless, Industry Survey, Nov. 1, 2001, p. 1.

 

33 Ibid., p. 3.

7

The RBOCs continued to gain increased revenues in 2000, despite the beginning of an

economic slowdown in the U.S. telecommunications market. In 2000, the four RBOCs

recorded revenues of $158.8 billion, a cumulative increase of 31 percent over 1999 levels.25

RBOCs stand to gain incremental revenue by providing long-distance services in addition to

their traditional local services. The Telecommunication Act of 1996 (Telecom Act) enables

RBOCs to sell long-distance services provided that they open their local markets to

competition. RBOC's long-distance revenue is expected to increase to $14 billion in 2003

from $1 billion in 2000.26 To date, SBC Communications and Verizon have achieved

regulatory approval to provide long-distance services in their service markets.27 Despite

potentially higher revenues from long-distance service offerings, RBOCs overall revenue

growth began to slow in 2001, largely as a result of the U.S. economic downturn. For

example, Verizon recorded revenue growth of 3.8 percent in 2001, compared with previous

estimates of 5 to 6 percent.28 Similarly, the U.S. economic slowdown has had a large

negative impact on the CLECs, which depend, in part, on capital markets to fund network

construction.29 Although CLEC revenues increased by 53 percent in the first half of 2000,

many CLECs are beginning to struggle financially as funding sources disappear. In

December 2001, for example, local telephone and data services provider McLeodUSA, an

Iowa-based CLEC, announced that it would initiate a restructuring plan to reduce debt but

may eventually be forced to seek bankruptcy protection.30 Similarly, California-based

NorthPoint Communications, a national CLEC, closed its network in April 2001, 3 months

after entering bankruptcy proceedings.31

Demand for wireless telecommunication services in the United States remains strong. Total

wireless subscribers increased to approximately 101 million in 2000, representing an increase

of 29.4 percent over 1999.32 This increase was slightly higher than the 24.5-percent average

annual growth rate registered during 1995-2000. Although wireless subscriber growth is

expected to plateau as wireless penetration rates reach saturation levels, revenue growth will

likely continue as service providers upgrade their network infrastructures to utilize the next

generation of wireless technologies. Such technology reportedly uses wireless spectrum

capacity more efficiently, potentially doubling carriers’ voice capacity.33 Additionally,

increased spectrum capacity enables the provision of new service offerings, such as voice
JULY 2002

Telecommunication Services Industry Trade and Technology Review

 

34 Voice portals are voice-activated Internet sites that customers access using wireless phones.

Such sites typically consist of a search engine, personalized web-pages, and e-mail services.

Unified messaging, or integrated messaging, enables customers to access all of their personal

communication media, such as voice mail, e-mail, and fax transmissions, from a single device, such

as a wireless phone. 

 

35 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireless, p. 4.

 

36 Barbara Etzel, “Some 82% of Telecom Mergers Used No Bankers,” The Investment Dealers'

Digest: IDD, Mar. 26, 2001; and Barbara Etzel, “Telecom Recovery? Think 2002: Overcapacity, Too

Much Debt and Hyper-Competition Could Keep the Industry Sidelined,” The Investment Dealers'

Digest: IDD, July 2, 2001; both found at Internet address http://www.proquest.umi.com, retrieved

Dec. 4, 2001.

 

37 Dave Lindorff, “The Next Wave,” The Investment Dealers’ Digest, New York, Oct. 4, 1999,

found at Internet address http://proquest.umi.com, retrieved Nov. 8, 1999. AT&T has since

moved to divest its interests in TCI and MediaOne in an effort to reduce its debt burden. Standard

& Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline, p. 3. 

 

38 Deborah Mendez-Wilson, “A New Qwest: Less Choice?” Wireless Week, July 3, 2000.

 

39 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline, p. 6. In December 2001, AT&T

announced that it may acquire fiber-optic networks and equipment from bankrupt communications

companies. Reuters Limited, “AT&T Eyes Networks of Struggling Telcos,” Total Telecom, Dec. 7,

2001. 

 

40 WTO, “Ruggiero congratulates governments on landmark telecommunications agreement,”

Press Release, Feb. 17, 1997, found at Internet address

http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres97_e/pr67_e.htm, retrieved Dec. 12, 2001.

8

portals and unified messaging,34 which has the potential to appeal to new customers and

contribute to revenue growth.35

Overall merger and acquisition (M&A) activity in the U.S. telecommunication market

declined markedly in 2001 after several strong years. During the first half of 2001, U.S.

telecommunication firms entered into M&A agreements worth $8.1 billion, compared to the

$23.0 billion in M&A activity announced during the first quarter of 2000.36 During 1998-2000,

several large mergers were announced or completed as telecommunication firms sought to

expand their service offerings. For example, AT&T spent $110 billion to acquire cable

companies TCI and MediaOne during 1998 and 1999,37 and Qwest Communications,

previously a long-distance voice and data service provider, completed its $48-billion merger

with US West in 2000, creating a company able to offer its customers Internet access, data,

multimedia, and voice services over a 25,000-mile broadband fiber-optic network.38 With

demand for bundled data and voice services slow to develop, however, the pace and size of

mergers and acquisitions in the U.S. telecommunications industry has decreased, as firms

reevaluate their product markets and shift resources to focus on revenue-generating

services. Industry analysts expect to see continuing consolidation in the CLEC market

segment, however, as established telecommunication firms seek to improve product offerings

and increase their market share by acquiring struggling CLECs or their assets.39

WTO Negotiating Proposals 

The World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Agreement on Basic Telecommunications entered

into force on February 5, 1998. At the conclusion of negotiations in February 1997, 69

countries, accounting for approximately 90 percent of global telecommunication revenues,

scheduled market liberalizing commitments.40 To date, 89 countries have made commitments
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Telecommunication Services 

 

41 Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR), Annual Report, 1999, p. 112, found

at Internet address http://www.ustr.gov/pdf/2000tpa_ii.pdf, retrieved Dec. 13, 2001. 

 

42 WTO, “Communication from Australia: Negotiating Proposals on Telecommunication

Services,” S/CSS/W/17, Dec. 5, 2000; “Communication from Canada: Initial Negotiating Proposal

on Telecommunication Services,” S/CSS/W/53, Mar. 14, 2001; “Communication from Colombia:

Telecommunication Services,” S/CSS/W/119, Nov. 27, 2001; “Communication from the European

Communities and their Member States,” S/CSS/W/35, Dec. 22, 2000; “Communication from Korea:

Negotiating Proposal for Telecommunication Services,” S/CSS/W/83, Nov. 5, 2001;

“Communication from Switzerland, GATS 2000: Telecommunications,” S/CSS/W/72, Apr. 5, 2001;

and “Communication from the United States: Market Access in Telecommunications and

Complementary Services,” S/CSS/W/30, Dec. 18, 2000; all found at Internet address

http://www.docsonline.wto.org, retrieved Aug. 9, 2001. 

 

43 See, for example, WTO, “Communication from the European Communities.” The

implementation of procompetitive domestic regulation, where it does not already exist, would fulfill

the requirements of the Reference Paper on Regulatory Principles, which is included as additional

commitments in the schedules of signatories to the Basic Telecom Agreement.

 

44 See, for example, WTO, “Communication from Switzerland;” and “Communication from

Colombia.” 

 

45 WTO, “Communication from the European Communities.”

 

46 Such services include distribution, computer services, express delivery, advertising, and

certain financial services. 

 

47 WTO, “Communication from the United States.”

9

on at least 1 telecommunication subsector, and many other countries have further liberalized

their markets on a unilateral basis.41

As of December 2001, Australia, Canada, Colombia, the European Union, Korea,

Switzerland, and the United States had submitted negotiating proposals to the WTO for the

current round of services negotiations.42 In general, the negotiating proposals seek to

encourage full commitments on telecommunication services, eliminate restrictions on market

access and national treatment, accelerate the implementation of current commitments, and

ensure domestic competition through pro-competitive regulation.43 Some WTO members

have suggested that telecommunication coverage should be expanded to incorporate certain

technological developments, such as Internet-based services.44 Additionally, some developed

countries propose the elimination of Normal Trade Relations exemptions related to

accounting rates.45 The U.S. proposal seeks to ensure a trade environment conducive to

network construction and use, which would involve full commitments on basic

telecommunication services, value-added services, services complementary to

telecommunications,46 and full commitments on all electronically delivered services.47

Outlook

Although demand for telecommunication services drove growth in intermediate inputs during

the 1990s (which contributed to network expansion), strong competition, and the effects of

the U.S. economic downturn have negatively impacted revenues of U.S. wireline firms.

Strong subscriber growth in the U.S. wireless services market during 2000 is expected to

plateau as wireless penetration rates reach saturation levels. Wireless revenue growth,

however, likely will be sustained as new value-added services are introduced and network

capacity is upgraded. 
JULY 2002

Telecommunication Services Industry Trade and Technology Review

 

48 Standard & Poor’s, Telecommunications: Wireline.

 

49 ITU, World Telecommunication Development Report, 2002, (Geneva: ITU, Mar. 2002), p. 68.

 

50 Broadband is a transmission facility that enables Internet users to access the Internet at

greater speeds. 

 

51 ITU, World Telecommunication Development Report, 2002, p. 68.

10

Data communication services likely will drive development in the global telecommunication

services industry. In the Asia-Pacific region, for example, growth in data traffic is expected

to exceed the volume of voice traffic on telecommunication networks by 2005.48 The volume

of data traffic transmitted globally may already exceed the volume of voice traffic.49 As

demand for data communication services grows, broadband50 subscriptions likely will

increase because of greater Internet need for streaming media (which otherwise slows

access).51

Foreign direct investment by U.S. firms slowed in 2000, reflecting a slowdown in

international M&A activity by U.S. telecommunication firms. However, the U.S. crossborder trade deficit in telecommunication services improved as exports rose slightly and

imports declined significantly, due to a decrease in net U.S. settlement payments. Continued

liberalization of foreign telecommunication markets, encouraged by telecommunication

services negotiations in the WTO, may further improve the U.S. telecommunication services

trade deficit. This likely would provide incentives to find alternatives to the current

accounting rate system that would moderate imbalances in settlement payments affecting

trade balances.#
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 1 The views expressed in this article are those of the author. They are not the views of the U.S.

International Trade Commission (USITC) as a whole or of any individual Commissioner.

 2

 At a news conference in Mexico City on July 10, 2002, Economy Secretary Luis Ernesto

Derbez reportedly raised concern about the transfer of assembly plants from Mexico to China and

possible Chinese subsidies that may violate rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Ioan

Grillo, “Mexico to File Complaint Against China at WTO,” The News (Mexico City), July 11,

2002. According to USITC staff contact with Mr. Carlos Forcero, International Commercial

Practices Group, Ministry of the Economy, Government of Mexico, on July 26, 2002, Mexico is

undertaking a preliminary investigation to determine if direct or indirect subsidies are being used

by China to lure firms away from Mexico. 

 3

 Don Michie, President, NAFTA Ventures, El Paso, TX, reported that at least five companies

in the El Paso/Juarez region have been told by representatives in China that their raw materials 

will be provided free of charge if their companies relocate to China. Telephone interview by

USITC staff, Aug. 14, 2002.

 4

 See Shifts in U.S. Merchandise Trade 2001, USITC publication 3525, July 2002, table 2-2. 

The inventory build-up in 2000 for computer hardware, telecommunications equipment, and

certain other electronic products also led to production and trade cutbacks in 2001.

11

Mexico Versus China: Factors Affecting

Export and Investment Competition

Ralph Watkins1

watkins@ustic.gov

(202) 205-3492

The competition between Mexico and China in the United States and other

key export markets is gaining increased attention. As Mexican exports to the

United States fall and unemployment rises, the Mexican maquiladora

industry, which assembles imported components into finished or

intermediate goods (most of which is exported to the United States),

continues to wait for a significant rebound in the U.S. market and renewed

export growth for these operations. Rising concerns regarding Chinese

competition also are evident; Mexico’s Secretary of the Economy

reportedly has alleged that Mexican manufacturers may be facing marketdistorting practices2

 that have given rise to their complaints that Chinese

products competing in Mexico and its key export markets could be

benefitting from unfair trade.3

 Several Mexican industry sources also

expressed concern about the Government’s apparent indifference to the loss

of relatively low-technology jobs in the maquiladora industry. This article

briefly examines the competition between Mexican and Chinese

manufactured goods in U.S. and other foreign markets, the product

segments in which each country is a leading supplier, and the factors that

influence the related investment decisions about location of manufacture.

Mexico was the second-largest supplier of imports to the United States in 2001; China

ranked fourth. While U.S. imports from Mexico fell by 3.1 percent ($4.2 billion) in 2001 to

$131 billion, imports from China rose by 2.5 percent ($2.5 billion) to $102 billion.4

Although it may be tempting to attribute these import changes to plants moving from Mexico

to China, this hypothesis does not hold up under scrutiny. In fact, falling petroleum prices

chiefly accounted for the decrease in the value of U.S. imports of Mexican crude petroleum:
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

 5 Because unit prices of goods imported from China may be lower than those imported from

Mexico in some sectors, shifts may be understated for imports in quantity terms from China

versus those from Mexico.

 6

 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups,” in

Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders December 2001, Feb. 5, 2002. 

 7

 “Special Report: Maquiladora Industry Struggles as Government Shifts Focus,” Mexico

Watch, vol. 8, No. 7, July 1, 2002, p. 9.

 8

 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups,” in

Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders December 2001, Feb. 5, 2002. 

12

$1.9 billion in 2001. This decrease accounted for nearly one-half of the total decline in

imports from Mexico. Much of the increase in U.S. imports from China and

remaining decrease from Mexico can be attributed to the machinery sector (in which imports

from Mexico dropped by $686 million and imports from China rose by $878 million), and

to the textiles and apparel sector (in which imports from Mexico dropped by $640 million

and imports from China rose by $414 million).5

Within the machinery sector, these data did not indicate a shift in competitiveness away from

Mexico towards China. The largest machinery sector decreases in U.S. imports from Mexico

in 2001 were of wiring harnesses for motor vehicles ($347 million) and of transformers

($297 million). As with Mexico, imports of transformers from China also fell in 2001, by a

similar $216 million. Rather than a shift to China, the 8-percent decline in imports of wiring

harnesses from Mexico largely reflects the 10-percent decrease in U.S. production of

automobiles and trucks in 2001.

As for increased imports of machinery from China, the sector category in which imports

grew by the largest amount in 2001 was household appliances, with a $410-million (17-

percent) rise to $2.8 billion. However, there was no shift of production from Mexico to

China inasmuch as imports of household appliances from Mexico grew by $320 million (21

percent) to $1.8 billion. Producers with assembly plants in both Mexico and China benefitted

from relatively low interest rates in the United States, which led to increased home purchases

and household improvements, including new appliances. U.S. producers’ shipments of

household appliances rose by $902 million (4 percent) in 2001 to $24.3 billion.6

However, in the textile and apparel sector, there appears to be evidence of a shift in sourcing

from Mexico to China. According to Nora Ambriz, Executive Director of the National

Textile Chamber, 200 textile and apparel plants closed in Mexico in 2001, putting 60,000

employees out of work.7

 That does not translate to companies shifting production to China.

Rather, customers of companies that produce apparel in Mexico are increasingly buying

cheaper apparel made in China and in other low labor-cost countries, or are losing their share

of the U.S. apparel market to companies that import from such countries. The 10.1-percent

decrease in textiles and apparel production in Mexico in 2001 compares with just a 2.2-

percent reduction in U.S. producers’ shipments of apparel and other textile products in the

United States.8

 This decline also reflects recent weaker demand in the United States for

products made in Mexico that was exacerbated by the September 11 attacks and recession.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 9 Mexico has a free-trade agreement with the EU that entered into force on July 1, 2000; the

extent to which this agreement may or has begun to impact Mexico-EU trade for 2001 (table 4) is

uncertain and would vary among Harmonized System categories. Mexico is also negotiating a

free-trade agreement with Japan.

 10 U.S. imports from Mexico in 2001 exceeded imports from China by 27 percent. However,

EU imports from China were more than 7 times greater than imports from Mexico, and Japanese

imports from China were 72 times greater than imports from Mexico.

 11 Likewise, despite being able to export qualifying products free of duty to its North American

Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners, Mexico may be losing its competitiveness to China in

computers, telecommunications equipment, and other products that enter free of duty under the

Information Technology Agreement.

13

Indicators of Competitiveness

An indication of the relative competitive position in 2001 of raw materials and manufactured

goods from Mexico and China in the U.S., the European Union (EU), and Japanese markets

is provided in tables 1-7 (see annex at end of article). The following conclusions can be

drawn from the data presented in these tables—

• Mexico can compete more effectively with China in the U.S. market, than in the EU

or Japanese markets9

 (compare tables 1-3 with tables 4-7).10

• The leading manufactured products for which Mexico is a more important supplier

than China in the U.S. market are motor vehicles, various auto parts and components,

and televisions (tables 1 and 3).

• China’s leading manufactured products in all three markets are sewn goods (apparel,

footwear, luggage, and dolls), computer equipment, and furniture (tables 2 and 3).

• Mexico experiences significant competition with China in the U.S. market for

computer equipment, apparel, consumer electronics (except televisions), telephone

apparatus, household appliances, and electrical transformers (table 3).11

Mexico’s Leading Products in the U.S. Market

Mexico’s competitive advantages over China are its proximity to the United States, North

American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA) rules of origin, low labor costs relative to total

costs for key products (e.g., certain computer equipment), and quota- and duty-free treatment

for apparel in the U.S. market. Table 1 shows that the leading manufactured products for

which Mexico had a competitive advantage relative to China in the U.S. market in 2001 were

motor vehicles and parts; televisions and video monitors; radio and television broadcasting

equipment; and measuring, testing, and controlling instruments.

Mexico is the sixth-largest motor vehicle producer in the world. Finished vehicle exports to

the United States amounted to $21.3 billion in 2001, compared with $0.9 million for China

(table 1 and appendix B, table B-13). The Mexican passenger vehicle industry is highly

integrated with that of the United States, largely as a result of NAFTA, and is composed

entirely of subsidiaries of foreign manufacturers that determine the local product mix and

local production levels as part of their regional, and even global, vehicle manufacturing
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

 12 Companies producing cars and light trucks in Mexico in 2001 included DaimlerChrysler,

Ford, General Motors, Nissan, Honda, BMW, and Volkswagen. Of these, only Volkswagen does

not assemble vehicles in the United States.

 13 Brian Corbett, Drew Winter, and Katherine Zachary, “Ay Caramba! Mexico is Heading into

the Automotive Big Leagues,” Ward’s Auto World, May 2000, p. 50.

 14 For more information about the motor vehicle industry in Mexico, see Deborah McNay and

Laura Polly, “Mexico’s Emergence as a Global Automotive Production Center Drives Trade and

Investment,” Industry Trade and Technology Review, USITC publication 3363, Oct. 2000, pp. 19-

33.

 15 Earlier in the 1960s, RCA had opened a picture tube plant in Mexico City to supply

television receiver producers in South America.

 16 These leading U.S. television producers established assembly plants in Ciudad Juarez and

Reynosa. In 1974, Kentucky-based Magnavox was purchased by Philips of the Netherlands;

Indiana-based RCA was purchased from General Electric by Thomson of France in 1988; and

Illinois/Missouri-based Zenith was purchased by LG Electronics of Korea in 1995.

14

strategies.12 The rationalization of motor vehicle production in the NAFTA region has led

automakers to focus their Mexican operations primarily on small car and light truck

production for the entire North American market. A high percentage of Mexican passenger

vehicle production is for export, mostly to the United States.

Because of its strategic geographic location, level of manufacturing competence, and existing

automotive manufacturing infrastructure, Mexico has been chosen as the lead North

American assembly site for numerous key new vehicle programs. The Mexican industry has

demonstrated significant improvements in labor productivity, product quality, and

competitiveness; vehicle quality is reportedly on par with vehicles built in the United States

or Canada; and some industry observers report that despite extensive reliance on manual

labor, many Mexican plants have better labor productivity than comparable U.S. and

Canadian plants.13

Mexico is also a significant producer of auto parts, and accounted for 28 percent ($14.5

billion) of U.S. imports in 2001. By comparison, auto parts imports from China accounted

for just 2 percent ($1.3 billion) of U.S. imports in 2001. Many U.S. and foreign auto parts

producers have established facilities in Mexico in response to automaker preferences for

local suppliers. Some of these auto parts manufacturers have multiple facilities in Mexico

that supply local vehicle assembly plants as well as produce for export to vehicle assembly

operations in the United States.14 Delphi, for example, manufactures auto parts in 47 plants

in Mexico and is the largest private-sector employer there, with nearly 50,000 employees in

maquiladora operations. Yazaki Corp., a Japan-based auto parts producer specializing in

wiring harnesses, is the second-largest employer under the Maquiladora Program, with

27,500 workers at 28 plants.

Mexico is the leading supplier of television receivers and video monitors to the United

States, accounting for 59 percent ($5.1 billion) of U.S. imports in 2001. China accounted for

just 3 percent ($263 million) (appendix B, tables B-3, B-6, and B-13). The principal U.S.

producers began to shift the assembly of televison receivers to Mexico in 1968,15 taking

advantage of lower labor costs there to be more price competitive with imports from Japan.16

Sony was the first foreign television producer to invest in the United States, building a

factory near San Diego in 1972. Other Japanese companies soon followed, with several

buying existing U.S. producers.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 17 Sharp’s plant is in Rosarito, south of Tijuana. Further, initial investments in North America

by some of these companies were motivated in part by concern that the United States might

restrict imports of televisions from Japan.

 18 For more information about the television industry in Mexico, see John Kitzmiller, “CrossBorder Manufacturing in Selected Industries: Television Receivers and Parts,” in Production

Sharing: Use of U.S. Components and Materials in Foreign Assembly Operations, 1995-1998,

USITC publication 3265, Dec. 1999, p. 3-13.

 19 For example, Royal Philips Electronics (Philips) recently announced plans to transfer

computer monitor production from Juarez, Mexico, to an existing facility in China. Philips,

“Philips to Relocate Its Mexican Monitor Production,” press information, June 28, 2002, found at

http://www.newscenter.philips.com, retrieved July 25, 2002.

15

Within a few years, Sony, Mastsushita, Hitachi, JVC, Sanyo, and Sharp established

television receiver assembly plants in the Tijuana area.17 Sharply reduced labor costs in

Mexico after the devaluation of the peso in 1983 encouraged many of these companies to

shift more of their production to Mexico. Relatively high U.S. tariffs on television receivers

and picture tubes, and the requirement under the NAFTA rules of origin that televisions from

Mexico must have a North American-made picture tube to qualify for duty-free treatment

under NAFTA, led four Japanese companies to invest in picture tube production facilities

in the United States and two Korean companies to build picture tube plants in Mexico.18

Given the substantial investment in North America for picture tube and television glass

production, and the 15-percent ad valorem average rate of duty on such non-NAFTA-origin

products entered into the U.S. market, North American companies are reluctant to transfer

production of picture tubes and sets out of the region. So far, the only operations of these

companies to be moved involve the assembly of computer monitors;19 reasons include

Normal Trade Relations duty-free treatment by signatory countries of the Information

Technology Agreement, excellent supplier networks in Asia, and consolidation of

manufacturing facilities stemming from the significant downturn in technology industries.

China’s Leading Products in the U.S. Market

China’s competitive advantage over Mexico in certain sectors stems from significantly lower

compensation for manufacturing workers and, more recently, a well-developed supplier base

for most industries. Also, some foreign companies invest in China, hoping eventually to sell

their resulting products to the Chinese domestic market. While waiting for the market in

China to develop, the bulk of products made there must be exported.

Manufactured products for which China is a leading supplier to the U.S. market (and Mexico

is not) include sewn products, such as footwear, apparel, luggage, and dolls, and other laborintensive, relatively low-technology articles such as toys, games, sporting goods, lighting

fittings, furniture, cameras, and air-conditioning equipment (table 2). Within these product

categories, imports from China tend to be less sophisticated or entry-level articles with the

exceptions of apparel and footwear.

For leading products imported from China, assembly in Mexico has not been a serious

option. Historically, U.S. producers experienced intense competition from low-wage
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

 20 Hong Kong had a surplus of inexpensive labor in the 1960s as millions of Chinese emigrated

to escape Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution. Hong Kong became a leading global producer of

toys, apparel, and electronic articles. Reforms in China under Premier Deng Xiaoping in the

1980s led manufacturers in Hong Kong to shift production to neighboring Guangdong Province.

Clay Chandler, “Hong Kong Success Lies Buried in the Past: Mainland Competitors Undermine

City’s Economy,” The Washington Post, June 28, 2002, p. E1.

 21 Especially U.S. industry segments making athletic footwear, soft-sided luggage, handbags,

billfolds, toys, dolls, baseballs, sports gloves, exercise equipment, tennis rackets, golf club heads,

knocked-down furniture, folding chairs, Christmas lighting, ballasts for fluorescent lights,

cameras, and electric fans.

 22 Denver-based Samsonite is the only significant producer of luggage in Mexico. However, its

maquiladora operation in Nogales only makes relatively capital-intensive hard-sided luggage,

whereas the company’s more labor-intensive soft-sided luggage is made by suppliers in Taiwan

and China.

 23 Mattel, the largest producer of toys and dolls in the world, is the only significant exporter of

toys in Mexico. Toys made in Mexico tend to be larger than the toys the company makes in China,

such as plastic ride-on toys or plastic playground equipment. Transportation costs become an

important factor in deciding where to make such toys, giving Mexico a competitive advantage.

16

locations in Asia (e.g., Hong Kong, Korea, and Taiwan).20 Also, these locations offered an

educated labor pool, well-developed seaport and customs infrastructure, tax incentives, and

export processing zones that permitted duty-free entry of imported components. Even with

the Maquiladora Program, Mexico could not compete with the Asian “Tigers.”

By the time the devaluation of the peso in 1983 made Mexican labor costs competitive with

those of the Asian Tigers, multiple segments of U.S. industries were dominated by imports

from the Tigers.21 Many companies were faced with the choice of supplementing their

higher-value added U.S. production with imports from Asia or losing market share. Some

stopped producing altogether and became brand-name marketers, licensing the use of their

name and designs to producers in the Tigers rather than setting up competing assembly

plants in Asia.

Mexico became more competitive with imports from the Tigers in the mid-to-late 1980s

because of efforts by the administrations of Presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Salinas de

Gortari to reduce trade barriers, attract foreign investment, modernize the industrial base and

national infrastructure, and join the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Lower

labor costs because of the devalued peso were also very important. At the same time, it was

becoming increasingly difficult to find workers in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Korea who were

willing to sit at sewing machines or stand at assembly lines with limited opportunity for job

advancement. Many companies in Taiwan and Hong Kong began shifting their most laborintensive assembly operations to China in the 1980s. As a result, assembly of those products

in Mexico was not an option.

Because sewing operations are very labor-intensive, China is the world’s dominant supplier

of labor-intensive sewn products and accounted for 88 percent of U.S. imports of dolls in

2001; 64 percent of footwear; and 51 percent of luggage,22 handbags, and flatgoods (table

2). Italy and Spain are competitive in the latter two categories, basing their positions in the

U.S. market on reputations for high quality. The ratio of labor to total production costs also

is quite high for toys and games, giving China a competitive advantage over most other

sources.23 Production processes for these articles involves metal stamping, plastic molding,

and/or cutting paper, and then snapping and/or gluing parts together. Packaging for toys and
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 24 See Laura Rodriguez, “Cross-Border Manufacturing in Selected Industries: Apparel,” in U.S.

International Trade Commission, Production Sharing: Use of Components and Materials in

Foreign Assembly Operations, 1995-98, USITC publication 3265, Dec. 1999, p. 3-19; and

“Apparel Market: New U.S. Legislation Places CBERA Countries on a More Equal Competitive

Basis with Mexico, in Industry Trade and Technology Review, USITC publication 3335, July

2000, p. 21.

 25 According to Nora Ambriz, Executive Director of the National Textile Chamber, Mexico’s

textile and apparel industry has been hurt by rising costs of electricity, transport, and labor, and

the unwillingness of banks to provide financing for textile companies. See “China Textile Exports

Hit Mexico Hard,” The News (Mexico City), June 14, 2002.

 26 The ATC, which entered into force with the WTO agreements in 1995, created special

interim rules to govern trade in textiles and apparel among WTO members for 10 years.

17

games is also labor-intensive, often costing more than the actual production of the toy or

game.

Head-to-Head Competition

The principal competition between Mexico and China for foreign investment dollars (and

job creation–or job maintenance in the case of Mexico) lies in the production of apparel;

computer equipment; telephone equipment; household appliances; and electrical assemblies,

such as transformers (table 3). As noted, there is both anecdotal and statistical evidence that

Mexico is losing jobs to China in the apparel sector, even if manufacturers may not be

“shifting” production to China, per se. Although existing data indicate that China has a

dominating competitive advantage in the sewn products industries, the question is how

Mexico can compete in the U.S. market with China in the apparel sector? The answer is

clear: preferential market access under NAFTA, competitively priced labor in key products,

proximity to suppliers and markets in the United States, and U.S. import quotas.

Under NAFTA, duties on most apparel imported from Mexico were phased out by 1999. By

contrast, the average rate of duty on apparel from China is about 17 percent ad valorem.

Production in Mexico became even more attractive for U.S. apparel companies with the 50-

percent devaluation of the peso during December 1994-January 1995. More recently, a

number of U.S. and other foreign textile producers established integrated factories in

Mexico, making thread from Mexican-grown cotton or Mexican-origin petrochemicals, and

then producing yarn, fabric, apparel, and other textile articles.24 At the same time, Mexican

labor compensation in manufacturing rose by 25 percent in U.S. dollar terms during 1999-

2001. Higher labor costs in Mexico combined with a weak market for apparel in the United

States led some of the U.S.-owned integrated textile mills to close and lay off thousands of

workers. Hundreds of Mexican-owned factories that supplied apparel to U.S. brand-name

marketers closed as their customers switched to lower-cost suppliers in Asia.25

Quotas have limited the growth of imports of apparel from China into the U.S. market,

effectively preserving a share of the U.S. market for other countries, such as Mexico.

However, the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC)26 calls for the gradual and

complete elimination of import quotas on textiles and apparel established by the United

States and other importing countries under the Multifiber Arrangement (MFA) and

predecessor arrangements by January 1, 2005. Although potential changes could occur in the

global pattern of trade resulting from the final completion of the quota phase-out required

by the ATC, this matter is not within the scope of this article.
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

 27 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups.”

 28 USITC, Shifts in U.S. Merchandise Trade 2001, table C-9.

 29 Marcela Nuñez, Marketing Manager, Celestica, Monterrey, Mexico, telephone interview by

USITC staff, Aug. 14, 2002.

 30 Rosie Molina, Materials Manager, Motorola, Chihuahua, Mexico, telephone interview by

USITC staff, Aug. 5, 2002.

 31 Roberto Martinez, Supplier Development Manager, Hewlett Packard, “New and Increasing

Areas of Capability Within the Mexican Supply Chain,” at Mexcon 2002: Maximizing the Cost

Cutting Opportunities of Manufacturing and Assembling in Mexico, San Diego, CA, Mar. 19,

2002, sponsored by the Institute for International Research.

 32 Ibid.

18

U.S. producers of telephone and computer equipment were under intense competitive

pressure in 2001. As global markets for each shrank, U.S. producers’ shipments of computers

and storage devices fell by $24.3 billion (22 percent) to $86.7 billion, and shipments of nondefense-related communications equipment dropped by $32.2 billion (29 percent) to $78.8

billion.27 At the same time, U.S. imports of computers, peripherals, and parts decreased by

$15.8 billion (18 percent) to $74.5 billion and imports of telephone and telegraph apparatus

declined by $5.0 billion (15 percent) to $27.2 billion.28

These two industry segments, experiencing like competitive conditions, reacted similarly

with regard to the pressure to reduce costs. The use of contract manufacturers and

rationalization of production is important in both sectors. One contract manufacturer,

Celestica, purchased the production assets of Lucent Technologies in Monterrey and supplies

customers with telephone switching equipment and related components.29 Motorola

manufactures one type of cell phone (used primarily in Latin America) in Chihuahua,

Mexico, and another type in China.30 Hewlett Packard (HP), which makes computer

equipment in Guadalajara for markets throughout North and South America (but has plants

in China as well), focused its production in Mexico on those products for which the company

determined that Mexico had an advantage in total costs of production.31

According to an HP official, relative labor costs comprise a smaller portion of the total cost

of production for certain computer equipment than for certain telephone equipment, creating

less pressure on producers of certain types of computer equipment to shift production to

China.32 That conclusion is supported by trade data. In 2001, U.S. imports of computers,

peripherals, and parts from Mexico increased by $1.3 billion (15 percent) to $10.4 billion,

whereas imports from China declined by $122 million (1 percent) to $10.5 billion. However,

for telephone and telegraph apparatus, imports from Mexico fell by $251 million (5 percent)

to $4.4 billion, whereas imports from China rose by $280 million (10 percent) to $3.2 billion

(table 3).

For the remaining products where imports from both Mexico and China are both competitive

in the U.S. market, the data do not support concern over a shift from Mexico to China, at

least not in 2001. In that year, U.S. imports decreased from both Mexico and China

especially for electrical transformers, static convertors, and inductors. As already noted,

imports of household appliances increased from both Mexico and China.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 33 For more information, see “Mexico May Lodge WTO Complaint Against China, Economy

Minister Says,” Bureau of National Affairs, July 12, 2002.

19

Factors Influencing Plant Location

The preceding analysis is not intended to downplay the prospect of plants leaving Mexico

for China. Rather, it has attempted to identify the sectors most “at risk.” An assessment of

U.S. import data suggests that Mexico lost market share and that China gained market share

in the apparel and telephone-apparatus sectors in 2001. Although future plant closings in

Mexico cannot be predicted, several factors have been identified that industry representatives

indicate are important in deciding where to locate operations. For example, one industry

official directly involved in assessing factors affecting plant location decisions has identified

the key competitive advantages of Mexico and China as follows:

Competitive factor Mexico China

Labor costs .................................... X

Electricity costs1 ................................ X

Supplier base2 .................................. X

Transportation costs and transit time ................ X

Skilled labor/productivity .......................... X

International telecommunication costs ............... X

Technology transfer ............................. X

Manufacturing/management flexibility ............... X

Protection of intellectual property ................... X

Transparency in regulation/administration ............ X

Free-trade agreements ........................... X

 1

 The reasons for relatively high electricity costs in Mexico are discussed in a

related article in this issue, “Production-Sharing Update: Developments in 2001.”

 2

 The greater diversity of component suppliers in China compared with Mexico

has been cited as a factor that companies making electronic products and electrical

items (such as computer monitors, transformers, and car audio systems)

considered in deciding to move production to China.

Source: Farouk Salim, Business Development Director, GE International Mexico,

presentation based on a GE study comparing manufacturing costs in China,

Mexico, India, and Hungary at Mexcon 2002: Maximizing the Cost-Cutting

Opportunities of Manufacturing and Assembling in Mexico, San Diego, CA, Mar. 19,

2002, sponsored by the Institute for International Research.

In 1999 (latest year available), foreign investment in Mexico has been most prevalent in

manufacturing sectors, especially motor vehicles and other types of machinery (annex

table-8). The United States accounted for over one-half of foreign direct investment into

Mexico in 1999 (annex table 9). Among members of the Organization for Economic

Cooperation and Development (OECD), the United States, Japan, Canada, Spain, Sweden,

and Switzerland invested more in Mexico than in China in 1999; in contrast, the Netherlands,

Germany, and Korea invested more in China (annex table 10). When more recent investment

data become available, are they likely to show a shift in investment toward China?

According to independent analysis for GE International by Farouk Salim, Mexico is the

better place to invest for companies manufacturing products that are higher up the “valueadded chain;” that is, for the more technology- or capital-intensive products.

Until the recent announcement by Economy Secretary Derbez concerning alleged Chinese

subsidies to foreign investors,33 the Fox administration reportedly had not responded to pleas

for assistance. The apparel producers say that they have been forced out of business because

the strong peso made it impossible for them to compete with China for U.S. customers. The
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

 34 Mexico Watch is produced monthly by Orbis Publications, L.L.C. (Washington, DC) to

provide intelligence on the economy, business, and politics in Mexico.

 35 “Special Report: Maquiladora Industry Struggles as Government Shifts Focus,” Mexico

Watch, vol. 8, No. 7., July 1, 2002, p. 8.

 36 Although data from Mexico’s National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Information

Sciences show that maquiladora employment dropped by 250,000 between Jan. 2001 and Mar.

2002, Bernardo Escudero, President of the Maquiladora Association in Juarez, Mexico, attributed

most of the layoffs to the sluggish performance of the U.S. economy and a much smaller portion

to plants leaving Mexico for China in search of lower labor costs. Vic Kolenc, “Maquiladoras

Losing Jobs to Cheaper Asian Labor,” El Paso Times, July 14, 2002.

 37 “Special Report: Maquiladora Industry,” p. 6.

20

philosophy of the Fox administration, according to Mexico Watch,

34 had been to “remain

watchful, but laissez-faire” as companies depending on low-cost labor, such as apparel

manufacturers, left Mexico and were replaced by companies that would help Mexico “evolve

toward higher-tech, higher-value-added, and . . . higher-paid industry.”35 According to

industry sources, the Fox administration apparently became concerned as statistics indicated

that unemployment among former maquiladora workers continued to escalate in the first

quarter of 2002 despite the reported recovery in the U.S. market. In the first half of 2002,

a series of announcements were made by certain producers of electronic products (including

computer monitors, ink jet printers, television set-top boxes, and car audio systems) that they

were closing or scaling back facilities in Mexico and transferring production to Asia. These

developments apparently convinced the Fox administration that more than lower-skilled jobs

(particularly apparel sewing operations) were leaving Mexico and the administration needed

to act, leading to the Derbez announcement.36

Mexico Watch recently expressed its support for the vision of moving production in Mexico

up the value-added chain,37 and suggested that the Government adopt policies or make

administrative changes that would encourage existing maquiladoras to remain in Mexico

while attracting new investment in higher value-added products, such as high-definition

televisions and aircraft parts. Mexico Watch recommended the following:

• To collaborate with the Mexican Congress to create a more permanent (i.e., predictable)

maquiladora tax regime, including exemption from the permanent establishment tax for

foreign companies that use maquiladora assembly services;

• To streamline and make more transparent administrative procedures for the Sectoral

Promotion (Prosec) Program and establish a minimum time period that imported

components will remain free of duty (or eligible for reduced duties) under the program;

• To follow fiscal and monetary policies that keep the peso from becoming overvalued;

and

• To work more closely with the Mexican Congress for reforms in the electricity and

natural-gas sectors that would permit greater foreign participation and more investment

in related infrastructure.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

 38 The reasons for the relatively high electricity costs in Mexico and the Mexican

Government’s efforts to reduce disincentives to foreign direct investment in its energy sector are

discussed in the following article, “Production-Sharing Update: Developments in 2001,” in this

publication

 39 James Miles, “A Dragon Out of Puff, A Survey of China,” The Economist, June 15, 2002,

pp. 3-5.

 40 For example, China has an advantage over Mexico of relatively lower electricity costs (see

tabulation of competitive factors in this article). However, an industry observer notes that current

surplus generating capacity could eventually turn to a shortage as China’s economy and electricity

demand continue to grow, but foreign and private investment may shun further investments as

provincial governments have reportedly reneged on contracts to pay foreign investors who built

generating plants. Moreover, initial reform efforts in the electric power sector are occurring at the

same time as the planning for the upcoming Party Congress with anticipated prospects of

leadership changes. “Electricity in China, Power Politics,” The Economist, June 8, 2002, pp. 59-

60..

 41 Miles, “A Dragon Out of Puff;” and various other articles from The Economist, The Far

Eastern Economic Review, and other publications. See also U.S.-China Security Review

Commission, “Trade and Investment,” “China and the World Trade Organization,” and “China’s

Growth as a Regional Economic Power,” Report to Congress of the U.S.-China Secruity Review

Commission– The National Security Implications of the Economic Relationship Between the

United States and China (Washington, DC: U.S.-China Security Review Commission, July 2002).

21

Outlook

A series of informal meetings between Fox administration officials and representatives of

the three major political parties is reportedly scheduled to take place in July and August

2002. These meetings will offer the prospect that the next session of the Mexican Congress,

which begins in September 2002, could result in measures to address issues of importance

to foreign investors, such as relatively high electricity costs.38 The recent (April-June 2002)

10-percent devaluation of the Mexican peso against the U.S. dollar and the dollar slide

against the euro presents another opportunity. The devaluations make products assembled

in Mexico more cost competitive in the U.S. market, as compared with imports from other

regions. However, that benefit will be overshadowed if demand in the United States for

manufactured goods is slow to rebound.

The years 2001 and 2002 mark China’s entry into a critical phase of economic reforms

associated with its WTO accession last December. According to one observer,39 China’s

action raised (1) prospects for more open markets and for more accountable governance but

also (2) concerns about exacerbated unemployment and financial instability. Moreover, the

upcoming Party Congress later this year offers the prospects of a “new” generation of

leaders. Although China has numerous advantages to continued attraction of foreign direct

investment,40 its economy is still heavily reliant on massive government spending. To sustain

growth of its partially reformed economy, reformers still confront rising public debts,

technically insolvent state-owned banks, loss-making state enterprises, extensive state

pension liabilities, stagnating rural incomes, unemployment, disparities in regional

development, and developing legal and commercial frameworks.41

Reform efforts affecting competition between Mexico and China for trade and investment

will likely be watched closely by potential investors seeking favorable investment

opportunities in these countries.
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

22

Annex

Table 1

Leading U.S. imports from Mexico in 2001, by industry/commodity (I/C) groups for which China

was not a leading supplier

I/C group

U.S. imports

from Mexico

Share of total

imports from

Mexico

Share of total

U.S. imports of

I/C group

Million dollars ——————Percent—————

Motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,327 17 17

Crude petroleum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,957 6 16

Television receivers and video monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,071 4 59

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,582 4 19

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,824 3 82

Radio and television broadcasting equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,157 3 52

Measuring, testing, and controlling instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,573 2 22

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . 2,403 2 18

Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130 2 66

Electric motors, generators, and related equipment . . . . . . . . . . 1,898 2 25

Fresh, chilled, or frozen vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,770 1 67

Circuit apparatus not exceeding 1000V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,683 1 32

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,533 1 14

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,601 54 (1

)

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,509 100 12

 1

 Not applicable.

Source: Compiled by U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) staff from official statistics of the U.S.

Department of Commerce.

Table 2

Leading U.S. imports from China in 2001, by industry/commodity (I/C) groups for which Mexico

was not a leading supplier

I/C group

U.S. imports

from China

Share of total

imports from

China

Share of total

U.S. imports of

I/C group

Million dollars ——————Percent—————

Footwear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,767 10 64

Toys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,410 6 81

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,608 5 21

Miscellaneous manufactured goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,889 3 31

Miscellaneous plastic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,777 3 22

Lamps and lighting fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,459 2 59

Luggage, handbags, and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,208 2 51

Sporting goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,710 2 47

Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,518 2 27

Dolls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,073 1 88

Air-conditioning equipment and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,036 1 17

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 919 1 26

Miscellaneous textile products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905 1 28

All Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,790 62 (1

)

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102,069 100 9

 1

 Not applicable.

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

23

Table 3

Leading articles for which both Mexico and China were important suppliers of U.S. imports in

2001, by industry/commodity (I/C) groups

I/C group

Mexico China

Combined

share of

total U.S.

imports of

I/C group

U.S.

imports

Share of

total

imports

from

Mexico

U.S.

imports

Share of

total

imports

 from

China

Million

dollars Percent Million

dollars

————Percent————

Computers, peripherals, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,365 8 10,548 10 28

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,129 7 8,912 9 27

Consumer electronics (except televisions) . . . . . . 2,813 2 6,229 6 44

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 4,390 4 3,222 3 28

Household appliances, including commercial

 applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,839 1 2,845 3 56

Miscellaneous products of base metal . . . . . . . . . 1,345 1 1,435 1 39

Electrical transformers, static converters, and 

 inductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,503 1 926 1 47

All Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,125 77 67,952 67 (1

)

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,509 100 102,069 100 21

 1

 Not applicable.

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Table 4

Leading exports from Mexico to the European Union (EU) in 2001, by selected Harmonized

System (HS) categories

HS no. HS categories

EU imports

from Mexico

Share of total exports

from Mexico to the EU

Million dollars Percent

27 Petroleum and mineral fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,206 23

87 Motor vehicles and bicycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676 13

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 7

8471 Computers and related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 6

8473 Parts for computers and other office machines . . . . . . . . . . . 256 5

8407 Spark-ignition internal combustion engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 4

8409 Parts for internal combustion engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 3

90 Optical, photographic, and medical goods; measuring 

 instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 3

22 Beverages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 2

72 Iron and steel products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 2

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 2

30 Pharmaceutical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 2

9503 Toys and puzzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 1

71 Pearls, precious metals and stones, jewelry, silverware . . . . . 78 1

7 Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 1

8517 Telecommunications equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 1

8411 Turbojets, gas turbines, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 1

8544 Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles and other insulated

 wire and cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 1

9 Spices, coffee, and tea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 1

37 Photographic or cinematographic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 1

 All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,188 22

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,344 100

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001.”
JULY 2002

Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

24

Table 5

Leading exports from China to the European Union (EU) in 2001, by selected Harmonized System

(HS) categories

HS no. HS categories

EU imports

from China

Share of total

exports from

China to the EU

Million dollars Percent

8471 Computers and related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,511 9

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,864 5

42 Leather articles; saddlery; luggage, handbags, and flat goods . . . . . . . 1,579 4

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,309 3

94 Furniture and bedding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,277 3

90 Optical, photographic, and medical goods; measuring instruments . . . . 1,264 3

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,221 3

73 Iron and steel products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218 3

8525 Radio and TV transmission equipment; video and digital cameras . . . . . 1,179 3

64 Footwear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,085 3

61 Knit apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993 2

8473 Parts for computers and other office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 971 2

89 Ships and boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938 2

9503 Toys and puzzles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787 2

8527 Radio broadcast receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773 2

8516 Heating appliances (stoves, coffee makers, hair dryers) . . . . . . . . . . . . 714 2

8517 Telecommunications equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711 2

63 Miscellaneous textile articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 1

82 Tools and cutlery of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 1

8508 Electro-mechanical hand tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571 1

 All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,830 44

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,965 100

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from “World Trade Atlas: China Edition, December 2001.”

Table 6

Leading exports from Mexico to Japan in 2001, by selected Harmonized System (HS) categories

HS no. HS categories

Japanese

imports

from

Mexico

Share of

 total exports

from Mexico

 to Japan

Million

dollars Percent

27 Petroleum and mineral fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 21

8471 Computers and related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 7

71 Pearls, precious metals and stones, jewelry, silverware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 7

87 Motor vehicles and bicycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 7

26 Ores, slag, ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 6

8503 Electric motors and generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4

25 Salt; sulfur; earths, stone; plastering materials, lime, and cement . . . . . . . . . 23 4

8519 Turntables, record players, and cassette players . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3

90 Optical, photographic, and related medical goods; measuring instruments . . 17 3

8 Edible fruit and nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3

72 Iron and steel products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2

16 Preparations of meat, fish, crustaceans, or other aquatic invertebrates . . . . . 15 2

3 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2

21 Miscellaneous food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2

8414 Air or vacuum pumps, compressors, and fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2

2 Meat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2

22 Beverages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2

32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; dyes, pigments, and other coloring elements;

 paints, varnishes, putty; inks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2

8407 Motor vehicle engines, internal combustion .......................... 9 1

8542 Integrated circuits .............................................. 7 1

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 18

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623 100

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001.”
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Industry Trade and Technology Review Mexico-China Competition

25

Table 7

Leading exports from China to Japan in 2001, by selected Harmonized System (HS) categories

HS no. HS categories

Japanese

imports

from China

Share of total

exports from

China to Japan

Million

dollars Percent

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,908 15

61 Knit apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,560 10

27 Petroleum and mineral fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,008 4

8471 Computers and related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,485 3

16 Preparations of meat, fish, crustaceans, or other aquatic invertebrates . . . . 1,449 3

90 Optical, photographic, and medical goods; measuring instruments . . . . . . . 1,352 3

63 Miscellaneous textile articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,163 3

64 Footwear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,010 2

8529 Parts for radio and television transmission and receiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,002 2

3 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 965 2

94 Furniture and bedding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 954 2

7 Vegetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 2

42 Leather articles; saddlery; luggage, handbags, and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . 895 2

44 Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823 2

73 Iron and steel products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725 2

8504 Transformers, static converters, and inductors; power supplies 

 for computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701 2

8522 Parts and accessories for turntables, tape recorders, and VCRs . . . . . . . . . 675 1

87 Motor vehicles and bicycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 673 1

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669 1

8528 Television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653 1

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,507 34

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,078 100

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from “World Trade Atlas: China Edition, December 2001.”

Table 8

Foreign direct investment in Mexico in 1999, by industrial sector

(Million U.S. dollars)

Industrial sector Inflow

Cumulative stock

(“Inward position”)

Manufacturing:

 Vehicles and other transportation equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,098 8,435

 Metal and mechanical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,808 4,343

 Food products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,041 8,329

 Petroleum, chemical, rubber, and plastic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 994 8,290

 Office machinery, computers, radio, TV and communications equipment . . . 921 1,527

 Textile and wood activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 1,832

 Subtotal (manufacturing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,081 35,065

Services:

 Trade and repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899 4,880

 Real estate and business activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858 5,595

 Financial activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 4,425

 Hotels and restaurants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 2,286

 Transport and communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 1,557

 Electricity, gas, and water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 69

 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 372

 Other services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 457

 Subtotal (services) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,931 19,641

Mining and quarrying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 777

Agriculture and fishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 327

Unallocated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674 -

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,869 55,810

Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), International Direct Investment

Yearbook 2000, (Paris: OECD, 2001).
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Mexico-China Competition Industry Trade and Technology Review

26

Table 9

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow in Mexico in 1999

Source of investment Value Share of total FDI inflow

Million

U.S. dollars Percent

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,515 54.9

Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,227 10.3

Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895 7.5

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781 6.6

Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602 5.1

Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 3.4

Denmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 1.5

France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 1.3

Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 1.0

Switzerland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 0.8

Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 0.6

Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 0.4

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 0.4

All other and unallocated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743 6.2

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,869 100.0

Source: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), International Direct Investment

Yearbook 2000, (Paris: OECD, 2001).

Table 10

Foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows to Mexico and China in 1999, by selected Organization

for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) members

Source of investment Mexico China

Value

United States (million U.S. dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,355 1,207

Japan (million yen) ........................................ 165,500 83,800

Netherlands (million guilders) ................................ 498 608

Germany1 (million deutschemarks) ............................ 5,514 6,081

Canada1 (million Canadian dollars) ............................ 2,824 420

Spain (million pesetas) ..................................... 158,732 4,326

Sweden (million Swedish krona) .............................. 535 240

Switzerland1 (million Swiss francs) ............................ 2,761 1,319

Korea1 (million U.S. dollars) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 4,135

Share of investor’s FDI (Percent)

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 0.9

Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 1.1

Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.7

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 1.0

Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 0.2

Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 0.1

Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.2

Switzerland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 0.5

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 18.4

 1

 Outward position.

Source: OECD, International Direct Investment Yearbook 2000, (Paris: OECD, 2001).

#
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 1 The views expressed in this article are the author’s. They are not the views of the U.S.

International Trade Commission (USITC) as a whole or of any individual Commissioner.

27

Production-Sharing Update: Developments 

in 2001

Ralph Watkins1

watkins@usitc.gov

(202) 205-3492

Investment in production-sharing operations (that use U.S.-made

components in foreign assembly plants) has become an integral part of

global efforts to reduce manufacturing costs and has contributed to the

accelerated pace of cross-border integration of manufacturing in North

America and the Caribbean Basin. Trade legislation implementing the

African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and the Caribbean Basin

Trade Partnership Act (CBTPA) in 2000 also had the effect of encouraging

additional production-sharing investments. Qualifying apparel made from

U.S.-formed fabric and/or yarn imported from eligible African and

Caribbean Basin countries is reported under newly created headings 9819

(AGOA) and 9820 (CBTPA) of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) of the

United States. Other imports that incorporate U.S. content can enter the

United States free of duty or at reduced duties under HTS subheadings

9802.00.60-9802.00.90. This article highlights developments in 2001

imports under the production-sharing provisions and cross-border

integration of manufacturing in North America and the Caribbean Basin.

Production sharing is an important aspect of globalization. Also known as cross-border

manufacturing networks, production sharing occurs when the processes used to manufacture

a good are conducted in more than one country. Such rationalization of production allows

companies to reduce costs or to improve response time, thereby becoming more competitive,

increasing profits, or both.

Major North American production-sharing trade flows include the export of machinery,

components, and materials from the United States and the import of assembled motor

vehicles and auto parts from Canada and Mexico; apparel from the Caribbean Basin and

Mexico; and televisions, computer hardware, and telecommunications equipment from

Mexico. In addition, several global electronics companies assemble semiconductors in East

Asia from wafers fabricated in the United States. Although a growing number of vehicles

imported into the United States from Asia and Europe contain specialized U.S.-made parts,

such parts remain a small share of the total value of these vehicles.

Manufacturers in Europe also use production sharing (“outward processing”) to reduce their

costs, establishing assembly plants in Central European countries such as the Czech

Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovenia. Similarly, companies in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan

use duty waiver or refund (drawback) provisions, and lower labor costs, at special economic

zones in China and export processing zones in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and

Thailand to rationalize the production of labor-intensive articles.
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 2 See appendix A, table A-5, for data on trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico

through March 2002. Each issue of this publication provides analysis on quarterly developments

in U.S. trade with its North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners.

 3

 Two new production-sharing headings (HTS 9819 and HTS 9820, respectively) were created

with the entry into force in October 2000 of AGOA and CBTPA. Both tariff headings have

subheadings that permit the duty-free entry of apparel made in eligible countries of sub-Saharan

Africa and the Caribbean Basin from U.S.-origin fabric of U.S.-origin yarn, with the fabric cut

locally or in the United States, with the latter having undergone a process in the beneficiary

country that disqualifies the apparel from entry under heading 9802.

 In addition, subheadings of HTS 9820 permit duty-free entry of limited quantities of apparel

made from fabric produced in CBTPA beneficiary countries from yarn formed in the United

States. Imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS headings 9819 and 9820 in 2001

are shown in tables 1 and 2. Data reflecting imports under those provisions have not been

incorporated into data shown in the appendix B tables (imports under HTS subheadings

9802.00.60-9802.00.90) because entries of apparel under HTS headings 9819 and 9820 are not

required to provide information on the value of the U.S.-origin fabric, yarns, or fasteners

incorporated into such apparel. 

 4

 When articles are eligible for duty-free entry under other provisions, there is little incentive to

complete the documents required to declare eligibility for reduced duties under the productionsharing provisions.

 5

 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups,” in

Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and Orders December 2001, Feb. 5, 2002. 

 6

 Official statistics of the Government of Mexico, referenced in this article and included in

appendix C, provide a more comprehensive measure of Mexico’s use of U.S. components in

production-sharing operations. Official U.S. statistics, however, are increasingly unable to

quantify the magnitude and scope of production-sharing activity because a significant and

growing portion of imports from production-sharing operations does not enter under heading 9802

provisions because the goods are eligible for duty-free treatment under other agreements or tariffpreference programs. Examples are goods entering duty-free from Mexico and Canada under 

(continued...)

28

Highlights of 2001 include—

! U.S. production-sharing trade likely decreased in 2001 as total U.S. international trade

contracted by 6.2 percent to $1.8 trillion. U.S. trade with its chief production-sharing

partners, Canada and Mexico, fell by 6.0 percent for each in 2001;2

 trade with

Caribbean Basin countries decreased by 4.9 percent. U.S. imports under the

production-sharing provisions of HTS headings 9802, 9819, and 9820 dropped by 8.0

percent, from $71.4 billion to $65.6 billion, and accounted for 5.8 percent of total U.S.

imports in 2001 (apparel section, tables 1and 2 and appendix B, table B-1).3

! A $5.4-billion (28-percent) reduction in imports from Mexico under these provisions

accounted for most of this decrease (table B-1) as a growing share of U.S. imports

from Mexico entered free of duty under the North American Free Trade Agreement

(NAFTA) or was eligible to enter free of duty under Uruguay Round tariff reductions.4

Further, the slowdown in the U.S. economy in 2001, reflected by a 5.9-percent

decrease in U.S. manufacturers’ shipments,5

 reduced demand by U.S. producers for

assembly services in Mexico.

! Mexico still accounted for nearly one-half ($6.9 billion) of the $14.2 billion of U.S.

content contained in imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading

9802 in 20016

 (table B-2), despite a 33-percent decrease in 2001. One-third of this
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 6 (...continued)

NAFTA, or from other countries under the Generalized System of Preferences, the Andean Trade

Preference Act, or the CBTPA (articles other than apparel); or products for which most U.S.

normal trade relations duties have been eliminated, such as computers and semiconductors.

 7

 For dutiable articles imported from countries that (1) are not subject to free-trade agreements

with the United States and (2) do not receive tariff preferences from the United States, data on

imports under HTS chapter 98 production-sharing provisions (9802.00.60-9802.00.90) provide

reliable information on the value of U.S.-made components incorporated in the foreign assembly

of such articles.

 8

 Data on imports under the production-sharing tariff provisions of HTS heading 9802, by

country of origin and commodity group, are available from the USITC Internet-based interactive

tariff and trade database (official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce), the DataWeb

(http://dataweb.usitc.gov). Data in this article that are not shown in appendices B and C of this

publication are based on data found on the DataWeb.

 9

 Statistical tables covering year 2001 trade under Mexico’s production-sharing provisions are

provided in appendix C.

 10 Companies in Mexico can operate under the Maquiladora Program or PITEX (Program for

Temporary Importation to Manufacture Exported Products), or both, as long as the manufacturing

projects are different. Until Jan. 1, 2001, companies registered under these programs were allowed

to import components, materials, and machinery free of duty provided they were used in the

assembly or manufacture of goods for export markets. For a discussion of changes to these

programs pursuant to Article 303 of NAFTA, see Ralph Watkins, “Production-Sharing Update:

Developments in 2000,” Industry Trade and Technology Review, USITC Publication 3443, July

2001, pp. 11-23.

29

duty-free, U.S.-origin content from Mexico was incorporated into apparel; electronic

products accounted for 26 percent; machinery and equipment, 16 percent; and motor

vehicles and parts, 15 percent (table B-6).

! Caribbean Basin countries accounted for 29 percent of U.S. content ($4.1 billion, table

B-16) contained in imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading

9802 in 2001,7

 and the Philippines, Malaysia, and Korea together accounted for 7

percent ($1.1 billion, table B-2). Apparel accounted for 90 percent of the value of the

U.S. content of imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802

from Caribbean Basin countries, whereas semiconductor devices accounted for 88

percent of such imports from the three Asian countries.8

! Official statistics of the Government of Mexico’s Economy Ministry provide a more

comprehensive measure of U.S.-Mexico production-sharing trade in machinery,

electronic products, and transportation equipment. Those statistics indicate that

Mexico’s imports of components and other inputs from the United States for use in

these assembly plants fell by $13.6 billion (17 percent) to $65.4 billion in 2001, nearly

the same level as 1999 (appendix C, table C-4), and represented 58 percent of

Mexico’s total imports from the United States in 2001 (table C-2).9

! Mexico’s exports to the United States from assembly plants operating under the

Maquiladora and PITEX Programs10 fell by $5.5 billion (4.3 percent) in 2001 to

$121.3 billion (table C-7), or 86 percent of Mexico’s total exports to the United States

(table C-5). Electronic products classified in HS chapter 85 (including

telecommunications equipment and semiconductors) accounted for most of the

decrease in exports from assembly plants to the United States, falling by $4.6 billion
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 11 Rising labor costs in Mexico reflected both the continuing shift towards higher-skilled

manufacturing jobs and the appreciation of the Mexican peso versus the U.S. dollar. Labor costs

in Mexico rose by 7 percent in peso terms in 2001 compared with 2000. Meanwhile, between the

end of 2000 and the end of 2001, the value of the peso rose by 5.4 percent in dollar terms (from

10.36 cents to 10.92 cents). When the value of the peso reached 11.12 cents on Apr. 1, 2002, the

Banco de Mexico relaxed its monetary policy and by the end of June 2002, the value of the peso

dropped by 10.1 percent to 10.0 cents. This devaluation is expected to boost foreign investment in

the manufacturing/assembly sector in Mexico in 2002. See “Quarterly Economic Forecast,”

Mexico Watch, vol. 8, no. 7, July 1, 2002, p. 1ff.

 12 Rising crime rates in Mexico, especially kidnappings, reportedly have factored into some

decisions to shift assembly operations from Mexico to Asia. “Crime in Mexico: Critical Threat,”

The Economist, June 15, 2002, p. 36.

 13 Mary Jordan, “Mexican Workers Pay for Success: With Labor Costs Rising, Factories

Depart for Asia,” The Washington Post, June 20, 2002, p. A1.

 14 “Electricity Reform and Concerns,” Business Mexico, June 2002, p. 12. According to

Marcelo Paramo, former General Counsel to Mexico’s Electricity Regulatory Commission (CRE),

Mexico will need to invest $59 billion in power-generation infrastructure by 2009 to meet

expected demand. Marcelo Paramo, “Energy Sector Sovereignty Vs. Economic Development -

Mexico,” Business News Americas, July 3, 2002.

 15 Without energy reforms that would reassure the safety of their investments, foreign energy

companies are disinclined to help Mexico develop its Burgos natural-gas fields. Instead, Mexico is

forced to import high-priced natural gas from the United States (valued at $300 million in 2001)

to operate its new co-generation power plants. Natural-gas shortages have led to electricity

blackouts, which have in turn idled dozens of manufacturing operations. “Pemex Courts Foreign

Investment in Natural Gas, but Firms Are Wary of Legal Minefield,” Mexico Watch, vol. 8. no. 7,

July 1, 2002, p. 4.

30

(10 percent) to $41.3 billion. Exports of apparel declined by $690 million (8 percent)

to $8.0 billion.

! The sluggish U.S. economy in 2001 provides only part of the explanation for

decreased Maquiladora and PITEX exports to the United States in 2001. Other factors

have more significant implications for the future of the assembly industry in Mexico.

Rising energy and labor11 costs in Mexico, combined with increased business taxes,

have led many companies to shift their sourcing to Asia.12 According to the National

Maquiladora Association and Mexico’s National Institute of Statistics, Geography,

and Information, the maquiladora industry lost a net of 483 plants and 250,000

workers between January 2001 and March 2002.13

! Mexico reportedly needs to invest over $50 billion over the next 10 years to expand

power-generation capacity to meet demand which is expected to grow by 6.3 percent

annually.14 Further, over 10 percent of the electricity carried on the national

distribution network is lost due to aging power lines. A shortage of generating

capacity, the high cost of imported natural gas to fuel new generating plants, and an

inefficient distribution network have combined to drive up energy costs to

manufacturers in Mexico, further discouraging new investment in the maquiladora

sector and leading some existing participants to seek alternative locations for assembly

services.15
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 16 For a discussion of the effects of the strong peso on labor costs and investment in Mexico

and the reasons for the continuing strength of the peso, see Deborah Riner, “Relentless Strength:

What’s Going on with the Peso?” Mexico Business, June 2002, p. 46.

 17 See the preceding article in this report, “Mexico Versus China: Factors Affecting Export and

Investment Competition.”

 18 IPPs are multinational firms that build and operate co-generation plants, selling most

electricity to industrial customers that are not connected with the federally owned grid.

 19 Prior to the decree, IPPs could sell up to 20 megawatts of electricity to CFE. The Fox decree

extended the limit to 50 percent of the total capacity for companies that generated electricity for

(continued...)

31

! Average hourly labor compensation costs in Mexico rose by 15 percent relative to

compensation in the United States in 2001, and by 25 percent during 1998-2001.16

Companies under pressure to reduce costs to remain competitive in the U.S. market

have had to re-evaluate their Mexican operations. Products with a relatively high

labor content, long production runs, few style changes, and long lead times were most

susceptible to relocation (or loss of market share) to lower labor-cost countries in Asia.

Examples of such products include electronic components, telephone equipment, and

small appliances and motors.17

! For certain products, there was no (or very little) drop-off in exports under the

Maquiladora and PITEX Programs in 2001. These products included motor vehicles

and parts; computer hardware; television and radio equipment; major household

appliances; and measuring, testing, and controlling instruments (table C-1). To varying

degrees, the following factors encouraged continued production in Mexico in 2001

rather than shifting to Asia: (1) production startups require a substantial investment

in capital equipment; (2) a significant investment has been made in developing an

experienced and skilled workforce at existing operations; (3) Mexico’s lower

transportation costs to the U.S. market and shorter lead times are important for some

products; (4) for products with frequent style changes, Mexico’s more flexible

production processes and workforce are key; and (5) Mexico’s proximity to U.S.

operations allows closer monitoring of production processes.

! Companies registered under the Maquiladora Program tend to be concentrated along

the U.S.-Mexico border and are more likely involved in the assembly of highly laborintensive electronic products and apparel. PITEX companies are more likely to

manufacture products for markets in both Mexico and the United States (such as motor

vehicles, computer hardware, and major household appliances), locate closer to the

interior of Mexico, and make more use of Mexican-origin content.

! Production processes for goods made in PITEX companies tend to be more highly

automated than processes for articles assembled in maquiladoras. Because the cost of

labor is a higher share of total production costs for maquiladoras, these companies are

more affected by rising labor costs than PITEX companies in terms of their ability to

compete with imports from Asia. 

! The Fox administration has made electricity reform a priority. A Presidential decree

on May 24, 2001, modified the Public Electricity Service Law allowing independent

power producers (IPPs)18 to sell a greater portion of their surplus capacity to the stateowned utility, Comision Federal de Electricidad (CFE).19 In April 2002, however,
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 19 (...continued)

their own industrial uses (self-supply producers) and 100 percent for the co-generation plants,

which are foreign-owned. See Jorge Jimenez, “Mexican Legal and Regulatory Update,” North

American Free Trade & Investment Report, vol. 12, no. 8, Apr. 30, 2002. pp. 1f.

 20 “Whither the New Energy Investment? Electricity Lawsuit Exposes Risks in Current

Investment Climate,” Mexico Watch, vol. 8, no. 6, June 1, 2002, p.4f.

 21 See Joel Estudillo Rendon, “Little by Little, the Executive and Legislative Branches are Still

Learning to Coexist,” Business Mexico, June 2002, p. 20; and “PAN: Private Investment Not

Privatization - Mexico,” Business News Americas, July 2, 2002. 

 22 For a discussion of the process leading to Mexico’s 2002 tax reform, see Sam Quinones,

“Tax Me if You Can,” Latin Trade, June 2002, p. 30ff. For a summary of the changes in Mexico’s

new tax law, see Deloitte & Touche, “New Taxes: An Update,” Twin Plant News, vol. 17, no. 11,

June 2002, p. 20ff. For a discussion of the implications Mexico’s 2002 tax reform, see “Assessing

Mexico’s Recent Tax Reform,” North American Free Trade & Investment Report, vol. 12, no. 10,

May 31, 2002, p. 1ff.

 23 John Nagel, “Mexico’s New Tax Reform Push to Focus on VAT Changes, Official Says,”

Bureau of National Affairs, June 13, 2002, p. 12.

 24 “Whither the New Energy Investment? Electricity Lawsuit Exposes Risks in Current

Investment Climate,” Mexico Watch, vol. 8, no. 6, June 1, 2002, p. 4f.

32

Mexico’s Supreme Court ruled that the Presidential decree was unconstitutional and

that electricity reform must come from the Mexican Congress. The Court also

suggested that the 1992 law permitting private companies to produce electricity to

satisfy public needs may be unconstitutional and that the CFE may be required to

expropriate all foreign-owned power plants within 240 days at an estimated cost of

$10 billion.20

! The Mexican Supreme Court decision had an immediate chilling effect on foreign

investment in power-generation facilities. The Fox administration and Mexico’s two

largest political parties had developed proposals for electricity reform by June 2002

that would expand the role of foreign investment in power generation (including

transmission, proposed by the Fox administration).21 The concept of foreign

involvement in any energy sector, however, remains very unpopular among the

Mexican public.

! The apparent reluctance of the Mexican Congress in its past session (ending June

2002) to implement tax and electricity reforms has also discouraged new investment

in Mexico. Instead of acting on the Fox administration’s request to broaden the valueadded tax (VAT) to cover food and medicine, the Congress passed a variety of

business-related taxes.22 Representatives of the maquiladora industry have claimed that

these taxes will increase the industry’s costs but revenue from the taxes will be

insufficient to provide needed infrastructure improvements (highways, railroads, and

electricity distribution). The Fox administration has indicated that it will attempt to

persuade Mexico’s Congress to pass a more comprehensive tax reform in 2003.23

! Some analysts anticipate that the cost of Court-mandated expropriations of foreignowned power plants may accelerate the pace of negotiations that would lead to a

constitutional amendment allowing greater foreign participation in Mexico’s

electricity sector.24 
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 25 PRI Senator Manuel Bartlett, Chairman of the Mexican Senate’s Commission on

Constitutional Issues.

 26 Official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

 27 Parts and materials used in the assembly of vehicles to be sold in the domestic market in

Mexico are imported under a separate “fiscal deposit” regime, which functions like a bonded

warehouse, and are subject to Mexico’s value-added tax. Machinery, however, can be used to

manufacture vehicles for both the domestic and export markets and is imported under PITEX.

PITEX accounted for 85 percent of Mexico’s motor vehicles and parts exports (HTS chapter 87)

to the United States in 2001; Maquiladora Program exports accounted for 14 percent (table C-5).

33

! Other analysts indicate, however, that the Energy Secretariat reportedly is trying to

persuade opposition Congressmen to support legislation that would encourage foreign

investment in co-generation power plants that would sell electricity to both private

customers and the CFE, but would fall short of the Fox administration goal of

allowing all electricity from IPP-owned co-generation plants to be sold to CFE.

Electricity reform reportedly will have a high priority when the Mexican Congress

reconvenes in September.25 Legislation encouraging foreign investment in power

generation would eventually lower energy costs for companies operating under the

Maquiladora and PITEX Programs.

Automotive Sector

! The leading suppliers of motor vehicles to the U.S. market in 2001 were Canada (32

percent, or $41.2 billion), Japan (26 percent, $33.0 billion), Mexico (17 percent, $21.3

billion), Germany (12 percent, $15.9 billion), and Korea (5 percent, $6.4 billion).26

Traditionally, all motor vehicles from Canada and Mexico contain U.S.-made

components. However, vehicles from both countries are eligible for duty-free entry to

the United States under NAFTA and only 1.3 percent ($287 million) of U.S. imports

of motor vehicles from Mexico in 2001 entered under the production-sharing

provisions of HTS heading 9802 (table B-6). U.S.-origin components accounted for

52 percent ($146 million) of that value.

! Imports from Japan under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802,

which accounted for 52 percent of total U.S. imports of motor vehicles from Japan in

2001 (table B-5), contained U.S. components comprising 2.4 percent ($412 million)

of the value of these imports. Motor vehicle imports from Germany under the

production-sharing provisions, which accounted for 56 percent of total vehicle imports

from Germany (table B-7), contained a U.S. content share of 1.1 percent ($94 million).

Motor vehicle imports from Korea under the production-sharing provisions, which

accounted for 25 percent of total vehicle imports from Korea (table B-11), contained

a U.S. content share of 1.4 percent ($22 million).

! All motor vehicle assembly plants in Mexico are registered under either PITEX or the

Maquiladora Program.27 Mexico’s exports of motor vehicles to the United States from

these production-sharing facilities rose by $83 million (0.4 percent) to $19.4 billion

in 2001 (table C-1). Meanwhile, Mexico’s exports of certain motor vehicle parts to the

United States from such assembly plants decreased by $142 million (1.2 percent) to

$11.8 billion. Together, vehicles and certain parts accounted for 26 percent of

Mexico’s production-sharing exports to the United States.
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 28 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups.”

 29 For additional information, see Deborah McNay and Laura Polly, “Mexico’s Emergence as a

Global Automotive Production Center Drives Trade and Investment,” Industry Trade and

Technology Review, USITC publication 3363, Oct. 2000, p. 19, posted on USITC Internet server

at www.usitc.gov (“Publications”). Mexico’s production of automobiles and trucks decreased by

3.4 percent in 2001 to 1.9 billion vehicles. Exports of vehicles (to all markets) declined by 2.5

percent to 1.4 billion vehicles, or 75 percent of all vehicles produced in Mexico. Industry Canada,

Aerospace and Automotive Branch, Semi-Annual Automotive Circular: January to December

2001, p. 29f.

 30 “Machinery and electronic products” discussed in this section encompass all products

classified in Harmonized System chapters 84 and 85.

 31 Machinery and electronic products accounted for 46 percent of Mexico’s production-sharing

(Maquiladora and PITEX) imports from the United States in 2001 (table C-2) and 51 percent of

Mexico’s production-sharing exports to the United States (table C-5).

 32 Appendix B, table B-3, lists commodity groups classified as electronic products.

 33 Products defined as “machinery” for this article include those listed under machinery and

equipment in table B-6 as well as wiring harnesses and pumps for motor vehicles.

 34 Mexico’s total exports of machinery and electronic products to the United States, as reported

by the Government of Mexico, were 20-percent larger than U.S. sector imports, as reported by the

U.S. Department of Commerce. This was due, in part, because certain parts for transportation

equipment (such as engines and wiring harnesses) are counted as machinery (HS chapter 84) for

Mexico’s exports, but as “automotive” products for U.S. imports in appendix B of this report.

34

! The slight (1.4-percent) rise in U.S. imports of motor vehicles from Mexico in 2001

(based on statistics from the U.S. Department of Commerce) despite a 9.7-percent

drop in the value of U.S. producers’ shipments of automobiles and trucks that year28

reflects sustained integration, interdependence, and rationalization of the U.S. and

Mexican automotive industries.29 Motor vehicle sales remained strong due in part to

generous incentives offered by vehicle manufacturers in the last quarter of 2001.

Machinery and Electronic Products

! Mexico’s imports of machinery and electronic products30 from the United States in

2001 for use by production-sharing operations (Maquiladora and PITEX) amounted

to $30.4 billion (table C-2).31 Exports to the United States from these productionsharing operations amounted to $61.3 billion, or 98 percent of total exports of

machinery and electronic products to the United States in 2001 (table C-5), indicating

that nearly all U.S. imports of machinery and electronic products from Mexico in 2001

were associated with production-sharing assembly operations.

! Electronic products32 accounted for $37.2 billion (29 percent) of U.S. imports from

Mexico in 2001 (table B-6). Machinery33 accounted for $14.8 billion (11 percent).34

! Production-sharing trade with Mexico in the electronic products sector remained stable

in 2001, whereas U.S. producers shipments declined. There was only a 0.04 percent

($15-million) increase in U.S. imports of electronic products from Mexico in 2001

over 2000 as the soft U.S. economy flattened demand for assembly services in
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 35 U.S. imports of electronic products from countries other than Mexico fell by 19 percent ($48

billion) in 2001 to $203 billion. Product categories leading the decrease in imports in this sector in

2001 were semiconductor devices (-$17.4 billion), computer hardware (-$15.8 billion), and

telephone apparatus (-$5.0 billion). See Wm. Scott Baker, “Electronic Products,” Shifts in U.S.

Merchandise Trade 2001, USITC publication 3525, July 2002, chapter 12.

 36 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups.”

 37 For this article, with regard to producers shipments, “machinery” consists of U.S. Census

Bureau categories “Machinery” and “Electrical equipment, appliances, and components.”

 38 U.S. Census Bureau, “Table 1. Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups.”

 39 According to official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. imports of

computer hardware from Mexico rose by $1.3 billion (15 percent) in 2001 to $10.4 billion.

(Compare table B-6 with table B-5 in Industry Trade and Technology Review, USITC Publication

3443, July 2001). By contrast, U.S. imports of computer hardware from all countries fell by $15.8

billion (18 percent) to $74.5 billion. See Baker, “Electronic Products.”

35

Mexico.35 By comparison, U.S. producers’ shipments of computers and other

electronic products fell by 14 percent in 2001 to $441 billion.36

! Imports of machinery from Mexico and U.S. shipments of machinery37 contracted in

2001, with each falling by 4 percent. Imports from Mexico dropped by $687 million

(USITC DataWeb and table B-6) while U.S. producers shipments decreased by $18

billion to $414 billion.38

! Many of the global leaders in the electronics industry have assembly plants in Mexico

(or contract with companies that have assembly plants there) to supply the North

American market with products requiring labor-intensive manufacturing processes.

Electronic products assembly in Mexico relies almost exclusively on components from

the United States and Asia. Assembly of televisions is clustered in the border cities of

Tijuana, Mexicali, Ciudad Juarez, and Reynosa; computer-hardware assembly is

centered in the interior city of Guadalajara; and production of telephone equipment is

dispersed both along the border and in interior locations.

! Mexico’s exports of machinery and electronic products to the United States from

Maquiladora and PITEX plants fell by $3.1 billion (5 percent) in 2001 (HS chapters

84 and 85 in table C-5). As indicated by more detailed U.S. import data, the product

categories most responsible for the decrease in these sector imports from Mexico in

2001 were components (semiconductors, capacitors, and resistors), transformers,

wiring harnesses, and telephone equipment (USITC DataWeb and table B-6).

! Counter to this overall trend, Mexico’s exports to the United States of computers and

parts from Maquiladora and PITEX assembly plants grew by $1.5 billion (21 percent)

to $8.7 billion (table C-1). U.S. computer equipment distributors increased their

purchases from assembly plants in Mexico while sharply reducing their imports from

Asia.39

! Mexico’s production-sharing exports of major household appliances to the United

States also rose in 2001, expanding by $314 million (69 percent) to $768 million (table

C-1). Whirlpool closed its aging appliance plant in Canada, shifting production to the

United States. In turn, Whirlpool consolidated an increasing share of its North

American production of entry-level refrigerators, gas ranges, and washers and dryers
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 40 Joel Millan, “Grupo Vitro Will Sell Unit to Whirlpool for $540 Million,” Wall Street

Journal, Feb 29, 2002, p. A9.

 41 As of Jan. 1, 2001, pursuant to NAFTA Article 303, machinery and components imported

from outside North America for Mexican assembly plants were no longer eligible for duty

drawback if the assembled products are exported to the United States or Canada.

 42 Despite the shift in some production of electronic products from Mexico to China in 2001,

U.S. imports from each country were virtually unchanged in 2001 compared with 2000, as imports

from Mexico increased by $15 million to $37.2 billion and imports from China declined by $357

million to $27.2 billion. Mexico became the leading supplier of U.S. imports of electronic

products in 2001 with a 16-percent share. Imports from Japan fell by $14.2 billion to $35.7 billion

and its share of U.S. imports in this sector fell from 18 percent to 16 percent. China’s share

accounted for 12 percent. See Baker, “Electronic Products,” for more details in 2001.

 43 The United States was by far the leading supplier of components, materials, and machinery

imported into Mexico under the Maquiladora and PITEX Programs, accounting for 74 percent

($65.4 billion) of the total in 2001, followed by Japan (6 percent), Korea (3 percent), and

Germany (3 percent); see appendix C, table C-4.

 44 IBM fabricates semiconductor chips in facilities in the United States and performs final

assembly in Bromont, Quebec.

 45 Some of the provisions under HTS headings 9819 and 9820 do not include productionsharing activities with U.S. firms. Apparel imports under these provisions that do not involve 

(continued...)

36

to its Vitromatic subsidiary in Mexico.40 Whirlpool appliances made in Monterrey and

Celaya are also exported to markets in Central and South America.

! Assembly in Mexico remained an important alternative to importing from Asia in

2001. Some electronic products firms responded to the January 1, 2001, imposition of

Mexican duties on non-North American-origin inputs41 by shifting production to Asia.

Others, however, had prepared for the deadline by switching to U.S. suppliers of

components and materials, or by convincing non-North American suppliers to relocate

to the United States or Mexico, or establish additional production facilities in North

America.

42 Although nearly all electronic products exported to the United States from

Mexico are assembled from imported components, predominantly from U.S.-made

parts,43 only a small portion of all electronic products imported into the United States

from Asia contain U.S. components

! Canada is an important U.S. partner in production-sharing in electronic goods, mainly

because of the proximity of markets and high level of overall economic integration

between the United States and Canada. The most important electronic products

involved in U.S.-Canadian production sharing are semiconductors,

telecommunications equipment, and computer hardware. Typically, the United States

exports unfinished semiconductors, printed circuit boards, electrical circuit apparatus,

other electronic devices, and parts for telecommunications equipment to Canada where

they are assembled into finished articles, some of which returns to the United States

incorporated into finished semiconductors,44 telecommunications equipment, computer

hardware, motor vehicles, and aircraft.

Apparel

! U.S. imports of apparel under the production-sharing provisions of HTS headings

9802, 9819, and 982045 fell by $831 million (6.3 percent) in 2001 to $12.3 billion
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 45 (...continued)

production sharing are identified in table 1 as “Other AGOA preferences”and in table 2 as “Other

CBTPA preferences.”

 46 Defined as those Caribbean and Central American countries designated by the President as

eligible for preferential treatment under the CBTPA.

 47 For apparel imported from Mexico to qualify for duty-free entry under HTS heading

9802.00.90, U.S.-origin fabric used in the manufacture must be cut in the United States. Apparel

made from U.S.-origin fabric that is cut in Mexico is not eligible for entry under the productionsharing provisions but generally would be eligible for duty-free entry under NAFTA. To qualify

for reduced duties under HTS heading 9802.00.80, imported apparel (from any source) must be

made from fabric cut in the United States although that fabric can be of non-U.S. origin.

 48 Several U.S. and Asian textile firms are benefitting from NAFTA provisions allowing dutyfree, quota-free entry into the United States of apparel sewn in Mexico from fabric made in North

America from North American yarn. These firms have established vertically integrated production

operations in Mexico to make such fabric for customers with sewing operations in Mexico.

Further, some firms are offering “full-package” options to apparel distributors and retailers, in

which the mills use their own fabric to produce or outsource production of garments to customer

specifications. These integrated mills, for the most part, produce cotton denim jeans and shirts,

although some more recent operations use petrochemicals of Mexican origin to produce manmade

fibers for use in the production of polyester/cotton-blend fabrics for apparel.

37

(tables 1, 2, and B-3). All other imports of apparel increased, by $424 million (0.8

percent) to $51.7 billion, and the share of total apparel imports accounted for by

imports under the production-sharing provisions only dropped from 20 percent to 19

percent. Caribbean Basin countries,46 China, and Mexico were the leading suppliers

of apparel to the United States in 2001, with Caribbean Basin countries and Mexico

accounting for 95 percent of U.S. imports under all of the production-sharing

provisions (see “Imports under production-sharing provisions,” table 3).

! U.S.-made components contained in apparel imported under HTS subheadings

9802.00.80 and 9802.00.90 decreased by $1.6 billion (21 percent) in 2001 to $6.0

billion (table B-3), largely attributable to (1) duty-free entry of apparel imports from

Mexico under NAFTA rather than entry under production-sharing provisions,47 and

(2) the establishment of integrated textile mills in Mexico and the Caribbean Basin that

resulted in greater use of regional fabric made from North American yarn by apparel

producers in these regions rather their use of U.S.-cut fabric.48 Since production of

apparel for export from factories in Mexico and Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery

Act (CBERA) countries is tied directly to U.S. consumer demand, shrinking demand

for apparel in the U.S. market during 2001 also triggered cuts in textiles and apparel

export production from Mexico and CBERA countries.

! Apparel accounted for 84 percent ($1.1billion) of the total duty savings achieved by

importing goods under the production-sharing provisions in 2001 (table B-18).

! Most apparel imported from Mexico and the Caribbean Basin is sewn from U.S.-origin

fabric whereas apparel imported from Asia is not. Total imports of apparel from

Mexico decreased by $602 million (7 percent) in 2001 to $8.1 billion (table B-6)

whereas apparel imported from the Caribbean Basin edged downward by $94 million

(1 percent) to $9.6 billion (table B-15). Together, Mexico and the Caribbean Basin

supplied 28 percent of U.S. imports of apparel by value in 2001.
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

38

Table 1

U.S. imports of apparel from African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA)-eligible countries in 2000 and 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Country1

2001

2000

Production sharing

Other AGOA

preferences5 Other Total

AGOA

Other

9802.00.804 9802.00.80.422

9819.11.03 

9819.11.063

Mauritius . . . . . . . 87 1,767 583 36,914 198,843 238,194 244,703

Lesotho . . . . . . . . 52 0 0 129,190 85,571 214,813 140,053

Madagascar . . . . 0 0 9 92,049 85,935 177,993 109,863

South Africa . . . . 0 229 157 28,849 144,577 173,812 141,738

Kenya . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 51,673 12,911 64,584 43,895

Swaziland . . . . . . 0 0 0 8,195 39,761 47,956 31,852

Malawi . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 4,695 6,523 11,218 7,325

Botswana . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 2,450 2,450 7,897

Other . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 163 599 762 385

 Total . . . . . . . 139 1,996 749 351,728 577,170 931,782 727,711

 1

 Ghana and Senegal were added to the list of countries designated by the President as eligible for benefits under

AGOA effective Mar. 20 and Apr. 23, 2002, respectively. See Federal Register notices 67FR14761 and 67FR21794.

 2

 HTS subheading 9802.00.80.42 provides duty-free entry for apparel assembled in AGOA countries from fabrics

made and cut in the United States of U.S. yarns.

 3

 Includes apparel imported from AGOA countries free of duty under six HTS subheadings, as follows: (1)

9819.11.03--apparel assembled in such countries from fabrics formed and cut in the United States of U.S. yarns that

would otherwise have qualified for entry under subheading 9802.00.80.42 but for the fact that the apparel, after

assembly, underwent further processing (e.g., embroidery or stone-washing); (2) 9819.11.06--apparel assembled

from fabrics formed in the United States but cut in AGOA countries, and sewn together with U.S. thread; (3)

9819.11.09--limited quantities of apparel knit to shape in an AGOA country from U.S. yarns, and knit apparel cut and

assembled in AGOA countries from fabrics formed in such countries of U.S. yarns or from fabrics formed in such

countries or the United States of U.S. yarns; (4) 9819.11.12--limited quantities of apparel made in lesser developed

AGOA countries from fabric formed in such countries from U.S. yarns; (5) 9819.11.15–cashmere sweaters knit-toshape in the United States, or AGOA countries, or both; and (6) 9819.11.18--wool sweaters knit-to-shape in AGOA

countries from fabrics made of worsted wool fabric of 18.5 microns or fewer formed in the United States from U.S.

yarns, and sewn together with U.S. thread. 

 4

 Includes apparel entered under HTS subheading 9802.00.80.66. This subheading provides a duty exemption for

U.S. components returned to the United States in the form of finished goods. In general, the duty is assessed on the

value added offshore. The fabric for making the apparel components can be of either U.S. or foreign origin as long as

the fabric is cut in the United States and exported ready for assembly. 

 5

 Includes apparel imported from AGOA countries free of duty under two HTS subheadings, as follows: (1)

9819.11.24--apparel assembled from fabrics or yarn designated by the President as not available in commercial

quantities in the United States; and (2) 9819.11.27--certified handloomed, handmade, and folklore articles.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Textiles and Apparel. The

data cover apparel that was subject to the former Multifiber Arrangement (superceded by the WTO Agreement on

Textiles and Clothing), which accounted for 97 percent of total U.S. apparel imports from AGOA countries in 2001.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

39

Table 2

U.S. imports of apparel from Caribbean Basin Trade Partnership Act (CBTPA)-eligible countries in 2000 and

2001

(1,000 dollars)

Country

2001

2000

Production sharing

Other CBTPA

 preferences4 Other Total

CBTPA

Other

9802.00.803 9802.00.80.441

9820.11.03- 

 9820.11.182

Honduras ..... 921,579 537,078 533,888 1,499 349,547 2,343,591 2,416,180

Dom. Rep. . . . . 944,014 581,844 540,149 8,925 176,713 2,251,645 2,442,924

El Salvador .... 559,272 371,813 454,164 3,468 223,012 1,611,729 1,600,362

Guatemala . . . . 137,712 278,681 359,176 3,039 825,370 1,603,978 1,486,134

Costa Rica . . . . 325,583 76,142 320,738 5,101 21,122 748,686 825,521

Nicaragua . . . . . 42,229 37,661 26,993 24 267,433 374,340 337,253

Haiti . . . . . . . . . 112,663 31,008 61,728 0 10,972 216,371 258,036

Jamaica . . . . . . 107,673 3,177 59,955 0 10,709 181,514 268,190

Other . . . . . . . . . 16,017 2,043 14,376 17 8,525 40,978 45,598

 Total . . . . . . . 3,166,742 1,919,447 2,371,167 22,073 1,893,403 9,372,832 9,680,198

 1

 HTS subheading 9802.00.80.44 provides duty-free entry for apparel assembled in CBTPA countries from fabrics

made and cut in the United States of U.S. yarns.

 2

 Includes apparel imported from CBTPA countries free of duty under six HTS subheadings, as follows: (1)

9820.11.03--apparel assembled in such countries from fabrics formed and cut in the United States of U.S. yarns that

would otherwise have qualified for entry under subheading 9802.00.80.44 but for the fact that the apparel, after

assembly, underwent further processing (e.g., embroidery or stone-washing); (2) 9820.11.06--apparel assembled

from fabrics formed in the United States but cut in CBTPA countries, and sewn together with U.S. thread; (3)

9820.11.09--limited quantities of apparel knit to shape (except socks) in a CBTPA country from U.S. yarns, and knit

apparel (except outerwear T-shirts) cut and assembled in CBTPA countries from fabrics formed in such countries of

U.S. yarns or from fabrics formed in such countries or the United States of U.S. yarns; (4) 9820.11.12--limited

quantities of outerwear T-shirts made in CBTPA countries from fabric formed in such countries from U.S. yarns; (5)

9820.11.15--brassieres both cut and sewn or otherwise assembled in the United States, or CBTPA countries, or both,

but subject to a 75-percent aggregate U.S. fabric components content requirement; and (6) 9820.11.18--knit apparel

(except outerwear T-shirts) cut and assembled in CBTPA countries from fabrics formed in the United States from U.S.

yarns, and sewn together with U.S. thread. 

 3

 Includes apparel entered under HTS subheadings 9802.00.80.15 and 9802.00.80.66. The latter provides a duty

exemption for U.S. components returned to the United States in the form of finished goods. In general, the duty is

assessed on the value added offshore. The fabric for making the apparel components can be of either U.S. or foreign

origin as long as the fabric is cut in the United States and exported ready for assembly. Subheading 9802.00.80.15

implements a 1986 “special access program” for CBTPA countries, under which apparel assembled from U.S.-formed

and -cut fabric is still subject to duty on the value added offshore, but enters under preferential quotas known as

guaranteed access levels (GALs).

 4

 Includes apparel imported from CBTPA countries free of duty under three HTS subheadings, as follows: (1)

9820.11.24--apparel assembled from fibers, yarns, or fabrics deemed to be in “short supply” in the United States, as

identified in annex 401 of NAFTA; (2) 9820.11.27--apparel assembled from fabrics or yarn designated by the

President as not available in commercial quantities in the United States; and (3) 9820.11.30--certified handloomed,

handmade, and folklore articles.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Textiles and Apparel. The

data cover apparel subject to the former Multifiber Arrangement (superceded by the WTO Agreement on Textiles and

Clothing), which accounted for 97 percent of total U.S. apparel imports from CBTPA countries in 2001.
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 49 The Dominican Republic (table B-10) and Honduras (table B-12) each supplied about onequarter of total U.S. apparel imports from Caribbean Basin countries (table B-15) in 2001. While

apparel imports from these two countries decreased by 3 percent in 2001 to $4.7 billion, the share

of total apparel imports from these countries accounted for by U.S.-cut fabric dropped from 52

percent in 2000 to 42 percent in 2001.

 50 This share of apparel imports from Mexico accounts for U.S.-origin parts that include

fasteners and only fabric cut in the United States but not U.S. fabric cut in Mexico.

 51 The CBTPA provides for duty-free and quota-free treatment for imports of qualifying textile

and apparel articles from CBERA beneficiary countries during a transition period beginning on

(continued...)

40

Table 3

U.S. imports of apparel from leading sources, total and under production-sharing provisions, 2001

Source

Imports under

production-sharing

provisions1

Other

imports2

Total

imports

Productionsharing part of

total

———————Million dollars———————— Percent

Caribbean Basin (CBTPA-eligible) . . . . . . . . . . 7,596 2,012 9,608 79.1

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 8,804 8,912 1.2

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,029 4,100 8,129 49.6

Sub-Saharan Africa (AGOA-eligible) . . . . . . . . 2 930 932 0.2

Other countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521 35,893 36,414 1.4

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,256 51,739 63,995 19.2

 1

 Includes U.S. imports of apparel made from fabric subject to the former Multifiber Arrangement (MFA,

superceded by the WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing–ATC) and containing U.S. content qualifying for import

under production-sharing provisions 9802, as well as apparel imports from CBTPA-eligible countries entered under

provisions 9820.11.03-9820.11.18 and from AGOA-eligible countries entered under provisions 9819.11.03-

9819.11.06.

 2

 Includes U.S. imports of apparel that do not contain qualifying U.S. content for import under production-sharing

provisions, as well as imports of apparel made from fabric that is not subject to MFA quotas being phased out under

the ATC.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Textiles and Apparel (AGOA

and CBTPA production-sharing imports, Tables 1 and 2 in this article) and U.S. Census Bureau (Appendix B in this

report, tables B-3, B-6, B-13, and B-15).

! Imports from China, which grew by 5 percent in 2001 to $8.9 billion, accounted for

14 percent of total U.S. apparel imports (tables B-3, B-13, and the USITC DataWeb).

With a 15-percent increase in average hourly compensation (measured in U.S. dollars)

in Mexico in 2001, many apparel marketers in the United States reportedly shifted

their source of supply from Mexico to Asia, especially China. Within the Caribbean

Basin region, some companies are shifting their sewing operations to Haiti to maintain

their U.S. market share in competition with apparel imported from Asia. Haiti has the

lowest labor costs in the Western Hemisphere. Haiti, nevertheless, remains a minor

supplier of apparel to the United States, accounting for only 2 percent of total U.S.

imports of apparel from Caribbean Basin countries in 2001 (table 2).

! Apparel containing U.S.-origin parts and imported under the production-sharing

provisions of HTS chapter 98 accounted for 79 percent of apparel imported into the

United States from the Caribbean Basin in 2001 (up from 74 percent in 2000),49 50

percent from Mexico50 (down from 58 percent in 2000), and 1 percent from China

(table 3). The pattern of trade has begun to change since implementation of the

CBTPA in October 2000.51 Enacted as Title II of the Trade and Development Act of
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Integration of Manufacturing 

 51 (...continued)

October 1, 2000, and ending on the earlier of September 30, 2008, or on the date on which the

Free Trade Area of the Americas or a comparable free-trade agreement between the United States

and CBERA countries enters into force.

 52 If the fabrics are cut to shape in CBERA countries, the garments must be sewn with U.S.

thread.

 53 The American Apparel and Footwear Association (AAFTA) cited a decline of $100 million

in duties paid on imports of apparel, headwear, and footwear during the first half of 2001,

compared with the same period in 2000. Office of the United States Trade Representative, Fourth

Report to Congress on the Operation of the Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, Dec. 31,

2001, p. 58.

 54 Ibid.

 55 Korean firms moved their apparel operations to Guatemala due to voluntary export restraint

limits on their own garment exports to the United States under the former Multifiber

Arrangement. USITC staff fieldwork in Guatemala, June 18, 2001; Taiwan has a strong presence

in Nicaragua and has taken advantage of low wages, tax incentives, and geographical location,

chiefly to produce textile goods for export to the United States. Klaus Blume, “Taiwan is a big

supporter of Central America for a price,” June 1, 2001, found at http://www.thenewsmexico.com;

Further, Taiwanese producers of denim and jeans (Roo Hsing and Nien Hsing) are investing in

new facilities in Nicaragua. “Taiwanese groups to expand Central American facilities,” July 2,

2002, found at http:// www.emergingtextiles.com. 

41

2000, the CBTPA, among other things, grants duty-free and quota-free entry to

imports of qualifying apparel articles assembled in CBERA countries from fabrics

made in the United States of U.S. yarns, whether the fabrics were cut to shape in the

United States or in CBERA countries.52 Similar to the shift in trade with Mexico,

uncut U.S. fabrics are now being sent to the CBERA countries for cutting and

assembly into qualifying garments, as evidenced by the fact that U.S. exports of

apparel (mainly garment parts) to the CBERA countries fell by 26 percent in 2001,

whereas U.S. fabric exports to the region rose by 105 percent.

! The slowdown in the U.S. economy during 2001 tempered the expected benefits of the

CBTPA. Rather than spurring new trade flows, the legislation, at least initially,

appeared to primarily cause a shift in trade from the traditional production-sharing

provisions to the new duty-free and quota-free preference categories, thereby

generating significant duty savings for U.S. firms importing apparel from the region.53

Another factor that may have inhibited U.S. importers, retailers, and consumers from

achieving the full benefits of the CBTPA are “unresolved implementation and

technical issues” associated with the language of the legislation.54

 

! Central American countries supplied 69 percent ($6.7 billion) of total U.S. imports

from CBTPA-eligible countries in 2001(table 2). Honduras was the leading CBTPA

supplier, accounting for 25 percent of the group total in 2001, followed by the

Dominican Republic (24 percent), El Salvador and Guatemala (17 percent for each),

and Costa Rica (8 percent).

! Among the top-10 CBTPA suppliers, U.S. imports of apparel rose in 2001 only from

Guatemala (by $118 million, or 8 percent) and Nicaragua (by $37 million, or 11

percent) (table 2). Both countries have been recipients of significant investments from

textile manufacturers in Korea and Taiwan.55 Significantly, apparel incorporating U.S.

fabric accounted for only 29 percent of U.S. apparel imports from Nicaragua in 2001

and 48 percent from Guatemala. By contrast, apparel made from U.S. fabric
JULY 2002

Integration of Manufacturing Industry Trade and Technology Review

 56 The value of the U.S.-origin cut fabric pieces and U.S.-origin fasteners is not subject to U.S.

duties.

 57 The Trade and Development Act of 2000 authorized the President to proclaim additional

preferential treatment for apparel made in AGOA and CBTPA beneficiary countries if the

President determines that certain fabrics or yarn cannot be supplied by the domestic industry in

commercial quantities in a timely manner, i.e., are in short supply. Additional information on

apparel imports in short supply is provided at www.usitc.gov/332s/shortsup/shortsupintro.htm.

42

accounted for 97 percent of U.S. apparel imports from the Costa Rica, 95 percent from

Haiti, 94 percent from Jamaica, 92 percent from the Dominican Republic, 86 percent

from El Salvador, and 85 percent from Honduras.

! In total, over three-fourths of the apparel imported from CBTPA-eligible countries in

2001 was sewn from U.S. fabric. Apparel assembled from wholly formed U.S. fabric

(of U.S. yarn) cut in the United States (duty-free under CBTPA) accounted for 33

percent of U.S. imports of apparel from the Caribbean Basin region in 2001 (table 2).

Apparel sewn from third-country fabric that was cut in the United States (or fabric

formed in the United States from third-country yarn and cut in the United States)56

accounted for 24 percent. Apparel sewn from U.S.-formed fabric (of U.S. yarn) cut in

a CBTPA country, or apparel that was made in a CBTPA country from U.S. yarn

(duty-free under CBTPA), accounted for 20 percent. 

! Apparel made from fabric or yarn that was not of U.S. origin accounted for only 0.4

percent ($22 million) of apparel imports from Caribbean Basin countries entering

duty-free under CBTPA (table 2). Virtually all of that value was accounted for by

imports qualifying under the “short supply” arrangement.57

! By contrast, apparel made from third-country fabric ($352 million) accounted for 99

percent of apparel imports under AGOA (table 1). Apparel made from U.S.-cut fabric

accounted for only 0.1 percent of total apparel imports from AGOA-eligible subSaharan African countries in 2001 (table 1). Apparel made from U.S.-formed fabric

(of U.S. yarn) cut in AGOA countries accounted for 0.2 percent. Apparel entering the

United States duty-free under AGOA ($355 million) accounted for 38 percent of total

apparel imports from AGOA countries in 2001.

! Mauritius accounted for 85 percent ($2.4 million) of U.S. production-sharing imports

of apparel from AGOA-eligible countries in 2001, and South Africa, for 13 percent

($386,000) (table 1). Nonetheless, apparel made from U.S.-origin fabric accounted for

only 1 percent of total U.S. apparel imports from Mauritius in 2001 and 0.2 percent

of apparel imports from South Africa.

! Mauritius was the leading supplier of U.S. imports of apparel from AGOA-eligible

countries, accounting for 26 percent of the group total in 2001, followed by Lesotho (23

percent), and Madagascar and South Africa (19 percent for each) (table 1). Lesotho was

the leading beneficiary of the AGOA, furnishing 36 percent ($129 million) of total U.S.

imports of apparel under that program, followed by Madagascar (26 percent) and

Kenya (15 percent).#
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Key Performance Indicators

 1 The data and views presented for the following indicators are compiled from the industry sources noted and are

those of the authors. They are not the views of the United States International Trade Commission as a whole or of

any individual Commissioner. Nothing contained in this information based on published sources should be

construed to indicate how the Commission would find in an investigation conducted under any statutory authority.

A-1

APPENDIX A

Key Performance Indicators of Selected

Industries and Regions1

Title Author1 Page

Steel Harry Lenchitz

(202) 205-2737

lenchitz@usitc.gov

A-2

A-3

Automobiles Laura A. Polly

(202) 205-3408

polly@usitc.gov

A-4

Unwrought Aluminum Judith-Anne Webster

(202) 205-3489

webster@usitc.gov

A-5

Flat Glass James Lukes

(202) 205-3426

lukes@usitc.gov

A-6

Services Tsedale Assefa

(202) 205-2374

asefa@usitc.gov

A-7

North American Trade Ruben Mata

(202) 205-3403

mata@usitc.gov

A-8

A-9
JULY 2002

Key Performance Indicators Industry Trade and Technology Review

A-2

STEEL

• Minimills and integrated producers benefitted from higher prices during first quarter 2002, primarily resulting from

reductions in supply of both domestic and imported product. Tariffs as high as 30 percent, to be phased out over

a 3-year period, were imposed on March 20, 2002. Details of the U.S. safeguards, including exclusions, are

available on the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative website:

http://www.ustr.gov/sectors/industry/steel201/background.htm 

• On May 30, 2002 Birmingham Steel Corporation announced it had reached a definitive agreement to sell

substantially all of its assets to Nucor Corporation for $615 million in cash. Birmingham plans to operate under

chapter 11 bankruptcy protection until the transaction closes. See http://www.birminghamsteel.com 

• On June 12, 2002 the New York Stock Exchange suspended trading of Bethlehem Steel Corporation's common

stock, which is presently being quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. Operating under chapter 11 bankruptcy

protection since October 15, 2001, Bethlehem reported a net loss of $97 million for first quarter 2002, about onehalf of its reported $196 million loss for fourth quarter 2001. See http://www.bethsteel.com/newsroom 

• On June 17, 2002 Nucor Corporation announced an agreement to purchase substantially all of the assets of

Qualitech Steel SBQ LLC for $37 million. The agreement has not been finalized. Nucor is in discussions with

Mitsubishi Corporation concerning an equity participation in the venture. See: http://www.nucor.com 

Table A-1

Semifinished imports increased significantly as exports declined during first quarter 2002

compared with fourth quarter 2001

Item Q4 2001

Percentage

change, Q1 2002

from 

Q4 20011 Q1 2002

Percentage

change, Q1 2002

from 

Q1 20011

Producers’ shipments (1,000 short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,282 2.8 23,938 -3.0

Finished imports (1,000 short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,157 -5.0 5,850 8.3

Ingots, blooms, billets, and slabs (1,000 short tons) . . . . . 1,826 30.0 2,373 63.0

Exports (1,000 short tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,526 -3.5 1,472 -10.8

Apparent supply, finished (1,000 short tons) ........ 27,913 1.4 28,317 -0.4

Ratio of finished imports to apparent supply (percent) . . . 22.1 2

-1.4 20.7 21.7 1

 Based on unrounded numbers.

2

 Percentage point change.

Note.–Because of rounding, figures may not add to the totals shown.

Source: American Iron and Steel Institute.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Key Performance Indicators

A-3

STEEL

Table A-2

March 2002 service center shipments increased by 32 percent from December 2001, but first

quarter 2002 shipments were still almost 12 percent lower than first quarter 2001

Item Dec. 2001 Mar. 2002

Percentage

change, Mar.

2002 from

 Dec. 20011 Q1 2001 Q1 2002

Percentage

change, Q1

2002 from

 Q1 20011

Shipments (1,000 short tons) . . . . . . . . 1,600 2,111 32.0 7,112 6,279 -11.7

Ending inventories (1,000 short tons) . . 7,556 7,152 -5.3 8,032 7,152 -11.0

Inventories on hand (months) . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.2 (2

) 3.6 3.2 (2)

 1 Based on unrounded numbers.

 2

 Not applicable.

Source: Metals Service Center Institute.

• According to the Metals Service Center Institute, U.S. service centers shipped almost 6.3 million tons of finished

steel products during first quarter 2002, an increase of 39 percent from the fourth quarter 2001 level of 4.5 million

tons. First quarter 2002 shipments remained almost 12 percent below the 7.1 million tons shipped during first

quarter 2001 (table A-2). See http://www.ssci.org 

• The American Institute for International Steel import market survey (June 2002) predicts domestic shortages of

semi-finished, hot-rolled, cold-rolled, and corrosion-resistant sheet, but a moderate oversupply of structural steel

products during the next 1 to 3 months. See http://www.aiis.org 

• On June 24, 2002 the Dispute Settlement Body of the World Trade Organization agreed that all challenges to

U.S. safeguard measures will be evaluated by a single panel. The United States maintains that its safeguards

are fully consistent with WTO agreements. See http://www.wto.org

• Domestic capacity utilization reached its highest quarterly level since third quarter 2000 (Figure A-2). American

Iron & Steel Institute data show that both domestic production and capacity utilization increased steadily during

first quarter 2002. See http://www.steel.org 
JULY 2002

Key Performance Indicators Industry Trade and Technology Review

A-4

AUTOMOBILES

Table A-3

U.S. sales of new automobiles, domestic and imported, and share of U.S. market accounted for by

sales of total imports and Japanese imports, by specified periods, January 2001-March 2002

 Percentage change 

Item

Oct.-Dec.

2001

Jan.-Mar.

2002

Jan.-Mar. 2002

from 

Oct.-Dec. 2001

Jan.-Mar. 2002

from 

Jan.-Mar. 2001

U.S. sales of domestic autos

(1,000 units)

1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,505 1,414 -6.1 -14.4

U.S. sales of imported autos

(1,000 units)

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548 531 -3.0 8.5

Total U.S. sales (1,000 units)

1, 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,053 1,946 -5.2 -9.2

Ratio of U.S. sales of imported autos to 

total U.S. sales (percent)

1, 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.7 27.3 2.4 19.4

U.S. sales of Japanese imports as a 

share of the total U.S. market (percent)

1, 2 . . . . . . . 11.9 11.6 -0.0 18.0

1

 Domestic automobile sales include U.S.-, Canadian-, and Mexican-built automobiles sold in the United States. 2

 Imports do not include automobiles imported from Canada and Mexico.

Source: Compiled from data obtained from Automotive News.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Key Performance Indicators

A-5

UNWROUGHT ALUMINUM1

 

• Despite only a modest rise in the price of aluminum, U.S. producers have restarted two idled operations in the Pacific

Northwest and have made capital investments for more cost-efficient production in anticipation of additional restarts by the

end of 2002. Industry expectations of improving economic conditions leading to a sustained increase in prices have fueled

these developments. 

 

• The prospects for the Pacific Northwest smelters may also improve if certain components of the recently passed Senate

energy bill (S. 517) are adopted when House (H.R. 4) and Senate bills are reconciled in conference. The Senate legislation

includes provisions such as hydro re-licensing, electricity transmission and access improvements, and a new greenhouse

gas emissions registry for trading credits which would benefit the aluminum industry. The House and Senate will need to

approve a final conference report agreement before the final bill is sent to the President for signature. 

Table A-4

Aluminum prices increased during first quarter 2002 despite inventories in LME warehouses at their

highest levels since the first quarter 1995

 Percentage change

Item Q1 2001 Q4 2001 Q1 2002

Q1 2002

from 

 Q1 2001

Q1 2002

from 

Q4 2001

Primary production (1,000 metric tons)............ 708 627 627 -11.4 0.0

Secondary recovery (1,000 metric tons) ........... 790r 769r 771 -2.4 0.3

Imports (1,000 metric tons)..................... 651 721 720 10.6 -0.1

Import penetration (percent)

1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.6 35.5 35.4 2

3.8 2-0.1

Exports (1,000 metric tons) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 86 82 -4.7 -4.9

Average nominal price (cents/lb) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.6 63.2 65.2 -12.7 3.0

LME inventory level (1,000 metric tons) ........... 474 821 1,029 117.1 20.2

1

 Calculations based on unrounded data

2

 Percentage point change

Note.–Revised data indicated by “r.”

Sources: Compiled from data obtained from U.S. Geological Survey and World Bureau of Metal Statistics.

1

 Product coverage includes only unwrought aluminum and certain aluminum alloys for improved data comparability. 
JULY 2002

Key Performance Indicators Industry Trade and Technology Review

A-6

FLAT GLASS

Background

• The U.S.-Japanese agreement on Japanese market access for imports of flat glass sought to increase

access and sales of foreign flat glass in Japan through such means as increased adoption of

nondiscriminatory standards and expanded promotion of safety and insulating glass. The agreement

covered the 1995-99 period and expired on December 31, 1999.1

• The Japanese economy has slowed in 2001 along with demand for imported flat glass. The average

monthly quantity of Japanese imports from all countries decreased by 13 percent during 2001 to 2.5 million

square meters, while the average monthly value of such imports decreased by 25 percent to $19.4 million. 

Imports from the United States decreased by 30 percent to 392,000 square meters and by 28 percent to

$9.9 million, respectively, and the U.S. share of the market declined.

 

Current

 

• Japanese demand for imported flat glass has continued to decline in 2002. The average monthly quantity of

Japanese imports from all countries decreased by 17 percent during 2001 to 2.1 million square meters, while

the average monthly value of such imports decreased by 37 percent to $12.2 million. However, imports from

the United States decreased by 41 percent to 232,000 square meters and by 69 percent to $3.1 million,

respectively, and the U.S. share of the market has declined in terms of quantity; imports from the United

States lost market share to imports from Thailand, Korea, and Taiwan during this period. 

 

1

 Office of the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), The President’s 1999 Annual Report on the Trade Agreements Program,

p. 227, downloaded from http://www.ustr.gov/reports/tpa/2000/index.html on Mar. 3, 2000.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Key Performance Indicators

A-7

SERVICES
JULY 2002

Key Performance Indicators Industry Trade and Technology Review

A-8

NORTH AMERICAN TRADE HIGHLIGHTS

U.S. trade with its North American partners is highlighted in table A-5. The following is a summary of key developments

during the first quarter 2002. 

 

• Comparing the downward trend in U.S. international trade for first quarter 2002 with first quarter 2001 suggests a contrast

with early indications of a modest 2.8-percent recovery in U.S. GDP1

 during the comparable periods. Although

consumption of U.S. imports from Canada and Mexico fell by 12 percent (to $50.6 billion) and 5 percent (to $31.1

billion), respectively, in a quarter-to-quarter 2002/2001 comparison, imports from the rest of the world also decreased by

13 percent (to $177.4 billion). 

• Several factors appear to explain reduced U.S. imports from both North American trading partners and other suppliers

while U.S. GDP showed modest growth: (1) both U.S. producers and importers responded to U.S. consumer demand by

selling down inventories;2

 (2) U.S. manufacturers’ shipments fell by 5.9 percent comparing the first quarters 2002/2001,3

leading to decreased demand for imported industrial inputs, such as construction equipment, industrial machinery, metalworking machinery, electronic components, electrical equipment, steel, petroleum, and basic chemicals; and (3) slack

industrial demand contributed to lower prices for imported petroleum products on a quarter-to-quarter basis for

2002/2001.

 

• The decline in import value from Canada in first quarter 2002 was led by a significant decrease in petroleum and electrical

energy. Other major import sectors incurring decreases during the period include motor-vehicles, electronics, and

machinery and equipment. Canada’s economy is highly dependent on the United States, which purchased 85 percent of all

goods exported from Canada in 2001 and 65 percent of all goods produced in Canada’s manufacturing sector. 

• The reduced value of petroleum products also accounted for much of the decrease in imports from Mexico during

January-March 2002. Contraction in the assembly of intermediate goods and apparel also contributed to the decrease.

Rising labor and energy costs, and a strong peso, have made products assembled in Mexico’s maquiladora industry less

competitive with U.S. imports from China.

• Similar to the pattern of U.S. imports, the quarter-to-quarter 2002/2001 declines in U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico

were smaller than the decrease to all other trading partners. While exports to Canada and Mexico fell by 9 percent (to

$34.0 billion) and 15 percent (to $20.2 billion), respectively, exports to the rest of the world dropped by 17 percent (to

$97.8 billion).

• Reduced U.S. exports to Canada and Mexico reflect the cross-border integration of manufacturing in North America and

dampened demand by these industrial customers of U.S. companies. A significant share of U.S. exports to each country is

accounted for by intermediate goods incorporated into further processed goods that are exported to the United States and

third-country markets.

• Electronic and electrical equipment were the leading products incurring significant declines in U.S. exports to Canada in

the first quarter of 2002, followed by motor-vehicles parts, electrical energy, aircraft engines and parts, and petroleum

products.4

 Leading the decrease in U.S. exports to Mexico were electrical and electronic machinery and equipment; motor

vehicles and parts; and miscellaneous plastics, resins, and polymers primarily destined for the automotive industry.5

1 The increase in GDP is based on seasonally adjusted current dollars reported in official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce. 2 The Dismal Scientist, “GDP, Analysis,” found at http://www.economy.com/dismal/dsp/release, retrieved June 13, 2002. 3 “Value of Manufacturers’ Shipments for Industry Groups,” in U.S. Census Bureau, Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and

Orders: March 2002, May 2, 2002, table 1. 4 The Canadian economy reportedly grew 1.5 percent in first quarter 2002 largely due to a surge in the housing market resulting from

record low long-term interest rates and robust consumer spending. Continued improvement in Canada’s economic growth, which is now

projected to grow at approximately 3 percent for all of 2002, is expected to increase demand for U.S. exports of household appliances,

furnishings, recreational equipment, and motor vehicles. 5 The Mexican economy reportedly fell by 0.25 percent on a seasonally adjusted basis comparing first quarter of 2002 with fourth

quarter of 2001, and at an annual rate of -2.0 percent. Mexico’s GDP contracted by 0.3 percent in 2001 after growing by 6.9 percent in 2000.

Some analysts predict that the Mexican economy will not recover until there is sustained growth in the U.S. economy, especially among

manufacturing sectors. “Economic Summary,” Mexico Watch, vol. 8, no. 6, June 1, 2002, p. 1.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Key Performance Indicators

A-9

NORTH AMERICAN TRADE

Table A-5

North American trade, 1997-2001, January-March 2001, and January-March 2002

 Percent

January-March change

Item 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2001 2002 2001/02

---------------------------Value (million dollars)------------------------------

U.S.-Mexico trade:

Total imports from Mexico . . . . . 85,005 93,017 109,018 134,734 130,509 32,664 31,056 -5

U.S. imports under NAFTA

Total value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,837 68,326 71,317 83,995 81,162 19,976 19,559 -2

Percent of total imports . . . . 74 73 65 62 62 61 63 --

Total exports to Mexico . . . . . . 68,393 75,369 81,381 100,442 90,537 23,775 20,184 -15

U.S. merchandise trade balance

with Mexico1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . -16,612 -17,648 -27,637 -34,292 -39,971 -8,890 -10,873 -22

U.S. -Canada trade:

Total imports from Canada .... 167,881 174,685 198,242 229,060 216,836 57,170 50,610 -12

U.S. imports under NAFTA

Total value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,949 111,675 115,715 123,052 113,179 28,993 27,301 -6

Percent of total imports . . . . 53 64 58 54 52 51 54 --

Total exports to Canada ...... 134,794 137,768 145,731 155,601 144,621 37,472 34,031 -9

U.S. merchandise trade balance 

with Canada2 . . . . . . . . . . . . -33,087 -36,918 -52,511 -73,459 -72,215 -19,699 -16,579 16

1

 The negative (-) symbol indicates a loss or trade deficit. The $34.3 billion deficit in U.S. merchandise trade

with Mexico in 2000 was partially offset by a $2.9 billion U.S. surplus in bilateral services trade (latest available

services trade data for Mexico). 2

 The $72.2 billion deficit in U.S. merchandise trade with Canada in 2001 was partially offset by a $7.3 billion

U.S. surplus in bilateral services trade.

Source: Compiled by USITC staff from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Statistics on U.S.

services trade with Canada and Mexico are based on preliminary data provided in U.S. Department of Commerce,

Bureau of Economic Analysis, “U.S. International Transactions Accounts Data,” tables 10 and 10a, found at

http://www.BEA.DOC.GOV/BEA/International/BP_web/list.CFM?ANON=92.

JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-1

APPENDIX B

Statistical Tables (B-1 to B-19) for U.S.

Imports Under the Production-Sharing

Provisions of HTS Heading 9802

(HTS 9802.00.60, 9802.00.80, and 9802.00.90)
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

B-2

Table B-1 

U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802,1

 by

principal suppliers (based on the value of U.S. components in the assembled imports in 2001), 1998-2001

(Million dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Country 1998 1999 2000 2001

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total imports ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,017 109,018 134,734 130,509

Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,445 4,278 4,378 4,187

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,544 2,712 3,091 3,131

Japan ................................ 121,313 130,951 145,742 126,139

El Salvador . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,436 1,603 1,925 1,882

Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,742 3,954 3,555 2,912

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,875 12,379 13,943 11,307

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,817 21,391 25,447 22,228

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,815 81,522 99,581 102,069

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,701 31,152 39,829 34,917

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556,942 618,475 733,113 693,353 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 907,647 1,017,435 1,205,339 1,132,635

Production-sharing imports under HTS Chapter 98 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,162 25,875 19,430 13,995

Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,806 2,789 2,727 2,085

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,604 1,882 1,890 1,531

Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,363 15,058 17,851 18,177

El Salvador . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023 1,186 1,315 1,048

Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845 832 893 882

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,254 2,331 2,099 1,288

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,831 2,109 1,639 602

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,477 1,612 1,242 1,387

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,601 2,002 1,378 1,940

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,102 22,649 20,889 20,774 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,068 78,327 71,354 63,709

U.S. content of imports under HTS Chapter 98 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,484 13,928 10,271 6,898

Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,766 1,791 1,700 1,294

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,142 1,329 1,300 1,056

Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 576 543 729

El Salvador . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592 704 774 614

Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552 548 577 569

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,129 1,137 933 537

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915 998 885 310

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 272 252 224

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 786 1,042 753 204

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,109 3,034 2,551 1,719 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,213 25,358 20,539 14,153 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

 1 See tables 1 and 2 in “Production-Sharing Update: Developments in 2001" in this report for U.S. imports under

the new production-sharing provisions of HTS headings 9819 and 9820 in 2001.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

See note(s) at end of table.

B-3

Table B-2

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS heading 9802: Total

imports, imports under HTS PSP, and U.S. content, by principal sources, 2000-01

2000 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Imports Imports

Total under U.S. Total under U.S.

Source imports HTS PSP content imports HTS PSP content

–––––––––– Million dollars –––––––––– –––––––– Percentage ––––––––

Japan ............... 145,742 17,851 543 12.1 25.0 2.6

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,349 9,849 137 4.8 13.8 0.7

Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,570 2,080 42 0.8 2.9 0.2

United Kingdom . . . . . . . 42,843 1,870 213 3.6 2.6 1.0

Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,844 1,066 28 0.8 1.5 0.1

Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . 9,679 788 38 0.8 1.1 0.2

France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,435 540 30 2.4 0.8 0.1

Canada .............. 229,060 483 232 19.0 0.7 1.1

Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,118 137 7 0.3 0.2 (1

) Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,794 125 27 2.1 0.2 0.1

Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,375 87 19 1.4 0.1 0.1

Spain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,674 37 6 0.5 0.1 (1) All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,847 52 14 2.7 0.1 0.1 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total, developed

 countries ........ 617,330 34,964 1,336 51.2 49.0 6.5

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,734 19,430 10,271 11.2 27.2 50.0

Dominican Republic . . . . 4,378 2,727 1,700 0.4 3.8 8.3

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . 13,943 2,099 933 1.2 2.9 4.5

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,091 1,890 1,300 0.3 2.6 6.3

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,447 1,639 885 2.1 2.3 4.3

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,829 1,378 753 3.3 1.9 3.7

El Salvador . . . . . . . . . . . 1,925 1,315 774 0.2 1.8 3.8

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,581 1,242 252 8.3 1.7 1.2

Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . 3,555 893 577 0.3 1.3 2.8

Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,384 882 395 3.4 1.2 1.9

Guatemala . . . . . . . . . . . 2,603 672 242 0.2 0.9 1.2

Thailand . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,301 396 224 1.4 0.6 1.1

Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . 11,349 253 98 0.9 0.4 0.5

Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631 240 194 0.1 0.3 0.9

Haiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 239 177 (1

) 0.3 0.9 Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,681 237 130 0.6 0.3 0.6

Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,108 235 95 1.6 0.3 0.5

Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,322 190 50 0.9 0.3 0.2

Nicaragua . . . . . . . . . . . . 597 96 62 (1) 0.1 0.3 India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,680 65 13 0.9 0.1 0.1

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,573 271 77 11.8 0.4 0.4

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total, less developed

 countries ........ 588,009 36,390 19,203 48.8 51.0 93.5

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . 1,205,339 71,354 20,539 100.0 100.0 100.0
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

B-4

Table B-2—Continued

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS heading 9802: Total

imports, imports under HTS PSP, and U.S. content, by principal sources, 2000-01

2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Imports Imports

Total under U.S. Total under U.S.

Source imports HTS PSP content imports HTS PSP content

–––––––––– Million dollars –––––––––– –––––––– Percentage ––––––––

Japan ............... 126,139 18,177 729 11.1 28.5 5.2

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,939 9,652 177 5.2 15.1 1.2

United Kingdom . . . . . . . 41,118 2,630 186 3.6 4.1 1.3

Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,793 2,171 27 0.8 3.4 0.2

Belgium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,039 1,216 26 0.9 1.9 0.2

Austria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,904 631 10 0.3 1.0 0.1

France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,024 616 47 2.7 1.0 0.3

Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . 9,449 499 21 0.8 0.8 0.1

Canada .............. 216,836 346 132 19.1 0.5 0.9

Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,707 122 32 2.1 0.2 0.2

Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,599 82 16 1.6 0.1 0.1

Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,333 43 11 0.6 0.1 0.1

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,400 66 12 2.8 0.1 0.1 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total, developed

 countries ........ 585,279 36,251 1,426 51.7 56.9 10.1

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130,509 13,995 6,898 11.5 22.0 48.7

Dominican Republic . . . . 4,187 2,085 1,294 0.4 3.3 9.1

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,917 1,940 204 3.1 3.0 1.4

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,131 1,531 1,056 0.3 2.4 7.5

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102,069 1,387 224 9.0 2.2 1.6

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . 11,307 1,288 537 1.0 2.0 3.8

El Salvador . . . . . . . . . . . 1,882 1,048 614 0.2 1.6 4.3

Costa Rica . . . . . . . . . . . 2,912 882 569 0.3 1.4 4.0

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,228 602 310 2.0 0.9 2.2

Guatemala . . . . . . . . . . . 2,589 512 170 0.2 0.8 1.2

Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,262 427 174 2.9 0.7 1.2

Thailand . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,672 237 93 1.3 0.4 0.7

Indonesia . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,931 218 29 0.9 0.3 0.2

Haiti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 191 138 (1) 0.3 1.0 Colombia . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,623 186 86 0.5 0.3 0.6

Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442 175 135 (1) 0.3 1.0 Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,899 113 38 1.3 0.2 0.3

Hong Kong . . . . . . . . . . . 9,571 101 14 0.8 0.2 0.1

Brazil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,415 95 3 1.3 0.1 (1

) Nicaragua . . . . . . . . . . . . 603 75 52 0.1 0.1 0.4

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,944 372 92 11.3 0.6 0.7

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total, less developed

 countries ........ 547,356 27,458 12,727 48.3 43.1 89.9

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . 1,132,635 63,709 14,153 100.0 100.0 100.0

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

 1 Less than 0.5 percent.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

See note(s) at end of table.

B-5

Table B-3

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS heading 9802, by

commodity groups, 2000-01 (1,000 dollars)

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Imports Imports Total under U.S. Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: . . . . . . . . . . 52,159,252 2,363 1,328 52,598,671 4,200 1,417

Forest products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,195,200 113,954 62,591 36,678,288 59,139 33,458

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products:

Fabricated plastic and rubber 

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,710,555 175,393 94,535 19,192,438 167,989 86,988

Other energy and chemical 

products .................. 198,234,618 67,896 27,854 193,598,300 29,483 13,684 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217,945,173 243,289 122,389 212,790,739 197,472 100,672

Textiles, apparel, and footwear:

Textiles and textile products 

(except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,506,771 341,337 199,539 15,950,737 357,167 202,127

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,402,070 13,087,307 7,625,432 63,995,084 10,334,711 5,999,445

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . 14,855,644 1,057,857 181,772 15,249,351 1,473,581 190,510 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,764,485 14,486,500 8,006,744 95,195,172 12,165,459 6,392,083

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . 15,025,667 14,035 8,642 11,630,045 15,400 11,604

Copper and related products . . . 4,881,251 10,186 5,028 4,296,294 6,373 1,060

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . 2,673,840 12,039 8,802 2,304,878 1,659 1,116

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . 1,973,491 87,119 61,884 1,948,333 90,052 57,043

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . 70,460,872 436,203 240,125 63,667,821 378,866 181,494 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,015,120 559,583 324,481 83,847,370 492,350 252,317

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and 

flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,380,678 104,561 59,144 4,309,464 82,046 36,759

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,355,339 38,478 24,275 6,188,230 55,726 30,594

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,158,720 7,354 4,658 14,839,061 8,568 2,672

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . 4,496,319 91,937 59,901 4,147,923 22,990 11,122

Other miscellaneous 

manufactured articles . . . . . . . . 33,722,709 218,358 54,985 33,851,159 181,428 45,035 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,113,764 460,688 202,962 63,335,837 350,758 126,182

Machinery and equipment:

Air conditioning equipment . . . . . 6,332,404 193,328 144,487 6,081,163 120,157 82,433

Household appliances, including 

commercial applications . . . . . . 7,688,558 404,895 216,983 8,355,680 328,810 179,001

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps 

for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,819,207 56,590 36,140 4,075,712 41,991 29,480

Semiconductor equipment, robots, 

and other equipment . . . . . . . . . 5,167,056 988 328 4,388,756 2,177 1,120

Taps, cocks, valves, and 

similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,021,412 272,094 203,429 4,809,036 218,442 152,341

Electric motors generators 

and related equipment . . . . . . . 6,493,531 735,571 329,881 7,645,853 675,374 214,265

Electrical transformers static 

converters and inductors . . . . . . 6,156,394 613,046 267,148 5,133,864 308,367 116,471

Powered handtools and 

parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,099,169 189,353 60,902 2,085,544 129,403 56,164

Flashlights and other similar 

electric lights light bulbs and 

fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . 1,579,021 126,454 91,832 1,785,292 101,917 64,253

Nonautomotive insulated electrical 

wire and related products . . . . . 3,566,025 474,150 297,292 3,203,446 286,046 167,595

Miscellaneous machinery and 

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,375,436 680,635 182,009 31,681,614 727,098 201,096 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,298,213 3,747,104 1,830,431 79,245,960 2,939,783 1,264,220
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-6

Table B-3—Continued

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS heading 9802, by

commodity groups, 2000-01 (1,000 dollars)

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Imports Imports

Total under U.S. Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment:

Aircraft engines and gas 

turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,938,713 89,941 54,009 13,547,537 531,197 378,204

Motors and engines, except internal 

combustion, aircraft, or electric . 772,305 5,190 2,875 784,210 4,915 2,722

Internal combustion piston engines, 

other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . 15,532,217 759,134 110,533 13,656,985 644,576 45,574

Construction and mining 

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,643,382 61,883 8,014 5,259,909 48,313 6,360

Forklift trucks and similar industrial 

vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,668,181 6,480 237 1,423,103 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . 1,803,953 38,837 20,164 1,578,882 22,901 10,452

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . 25,134,507 1,840,643 932,296 24,134,966 1,405,132 606,081

Primary cells and batteries and 

electric storage batteries . . . . . . 2,656,371 550,770 118,785 2,342,208 273,458 59,570

Ignition starting, lighting, and 

other electrical equipment . . . . . 3,076,269 134,561 71,142 3,051,970 123,649 63,315

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . 1,827,789 84,892 12,700 1,356,923 94,766 12,069

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and 

bodies and chassis of 

the foregoing ............... 129,553,448 32,490,478 1,328,772 127,243,762 34,990,185 909,341

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related 

equipment, except engines . . . . 18,019,229 87,723 28,052 21,027,368 113,104 38,413

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, 

and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . . 1,223,163 251,428 47,775 1,410,518 324,222 63,143

Miscellaneous vehicles and 

transportation-related 

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,986,277 30,758 14,134 2,367,473 15,185 4,503

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . 2,519,402 844 491 2,869,653 1,293 802 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223,355,206 36,433,564 2,749,978 222,055,466 38,592,896 2,200,548

Electronic products:

Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,892,109 69,901 29,339 1,817,451 60,713 19,394

Telephone and telegraph 

apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,129,583 855,273 392,934 27,174,433 361,864 176,545

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles 

and cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,399,392 63,285 29,441 1,243,546 40,216 15,656

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio 

amplifiers, and combinations 

thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,974,062 413,624 93,509 19,524,702 269,816 75,910

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, 

and other media . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,415,257 21,199 3,286 2,422,860 19,623 2,670

Records, tapes, compact discs, 

computer software, and other 

recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,389,038 150 26 1,259,475 107 24

Radio navigational aid, radar, and 

remote control apparatus . . . . . 1,702,123 52,858 17,612 1,796,476 31,579 10,651

Television receivers, video monitors, 

and combinations including 

television receivers . . . . . . . . . . 7,712,539 932,447 322,121 8,614,655 695,090 155,328

Television picture tubes and other 

cathode-ray tubes ........... 633,893 46,042 13,772 612,030 98,510 54,538

Television apparatus (except 

receivers and monitors), including 

cameras camcorders and cable 

apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,177,718 156,408 51,641 6,066,057 49,273 27,030

Electric sound and visual 

signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . 2,333,574 53,322 7,686 1,968,189 43,258 9,381

Special-purpose tubes ........ 213,269 0 0 271,236 3 0

Electrical and electronic articles, 

apparatus, and parts not 

elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . 16,977,352 1,897,651 1,017,634 13,691,870 1,389,869 707,973

Electrical capacitors 

and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,177,220 376,760 263,262 2,332,684 79,802 34,388
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-7

Table B-3—Continued

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS heading 9802, by

commodity groups, 2000-01

(1,000 dollars)

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Imports Imports

Total under U.S. Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content imports HTS PSP content

Electric products—Continued

 Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . 47,447,721 6,530,884 3,531,378 30,015,936 2,776,279 1,466,819

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . 90,383,614 939,653 235,562 74,547,236 874,928 77,883

Photographic cameras and 

equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,299,350 4,347 221 3,559,864 4,385 728

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . 2,204,795 79,209 39,007 1,856,468 54,109 26,930

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,178,395 771,921 364,814 10,868,869 693,997 326,272

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,881,366 137,155 29,181 4,957,266 18,693 7,202

Drawing and mathematical 

calculating and measuring 

instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234,079 1,237 721 207,466 474 243

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,354,010 145,116 41,050 2,956,838 73,505 32,742

Measuring, testing, controlling 

and analyzing instruments . . . . 11,743,132 495,167 298,265 11,805,855 493,834 285,025 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277,853,591 14,043,610 6,782,462 229,571,461 8,129,927 3,513,330

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles:

Seats for motor vehicles and 

aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,208,646 283,586 45,508 3,238,876 26,996 18,284

Wiring harnesses for motor 

vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,131,893 950,089 402,504 4,684,352 729,203 245,683

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . 862,864 29,859 7,622 788,396 20,900 4,448 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,203,403 1,263,535 455,634 8,711,623 777,099 268,415

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,435,611 0 0 48,604,752 97 64 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,205,339,019 71,354,189 20,539,001 1,132,635,340 63,709,180 14,152,706 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Table B-4 

U.S. imports for consumption under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802, by principal

sources, 2001

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total value Duty-free value ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Percentage Percentage

Source Value of total Value of total

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Million dollars Million dollars

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,709 100.0 14,153 100.0

Top 10 sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,855 86.1 11,330 80.1 Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,177 28.5 729 5.2

Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,995 22.0 6,898 48.7

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,652 15.1 177 1.2

United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . 2,630 4.1 186 1.3

Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,171 3.4 27 0.2

Dominican Rep . . . . . . . . . 2,085 3.3 1,294 9.1

Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,940 3.0 204 1.4

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,531 2.4 1,056 7.5

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,387 2.2 224 1.6

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,288 2.0 537 3.8 All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,854 13.9 2,822 19.9

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-8

Table B-5

Japan: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001 (1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 440,519 57 23

Forest products: ................................... 542,433 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000,564 28 7

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,906,473 6 5 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,907,038 34 12

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........... 535,933 153 73

Apparel ........................................ 174,185 17 (1

) Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,457 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711,575 170 74

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,154,258 0 0

Copper and related products ........................ 184,463 1,146 412

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,124 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,681 0 0

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,180,664 3,190 909 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,634,190 4,336 1,320

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,662 0 0

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,678 45 13

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,877 8 5

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47,542 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,468,927 3,969 98 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,605,686 4,021 116

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment ......................... 789,271 0 0

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181,520 0 0

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456,873 0 0

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,607,954 84 38

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 646,085 3,711 872

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 1,587,567 86,021 5,970

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors .... 404,956 48 8

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 281,822 268 36

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights ................... 203,620 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products ...................................... 149,186 2 (1

) Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,750,518 176,443 14,740 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,059,370 266,577 21,665

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines .................... 901,543 305,293 249,398

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric .............................. 141,064 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,752,436 29,661 4,961

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,211,740 47,925 6,259

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles ............ 277,125 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 496,527 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,192,235 37,808 196

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858,929 146,628 12,583

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 824,718 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-9

Table B-5—Continued

Japan: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock ..................... 160,699 3,297 1,285

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,019,392 17,257,006 412,284

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,397,713 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 39,959 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment .................................... 740,378 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,203,654 234 213 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,218,110 17,827,853 687,179

Electronic products: Office machines ................................. 175,544 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,487,540 270 127

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables .......... 203,108 112 73

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,165,120 0 0

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media ..... 963,289 157 7

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media ........................ 105,920 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus ..................................... 182,616 0 0

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,280,211 0 0

Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes ..... 159,417 76 68

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 551,624 0 0

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus ........... 383,153 0 0

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,207 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,037,901 394 184

Electrical capacitors and resistors .................... 760,843 0 0

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,531,008 52,795 15,047

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,200,012 14,148 2,263

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,325,016 147 2

Photographic supplies ............................. 699,739 0 0

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,279,149 30 14

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,224,928 12 3

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,188 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736,297 4 (1

) Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,117,071 5,942 836 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,675,901 74,088 18,624

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft .................. 125,836 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,383 17 2

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,640 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333,859 17 2

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,010,705 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total .................................... 126,139,387 18,177,153 729,014 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-10

Table B-6 

Mexico: U.S. imports for consumption under NAFTA and the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

U.S. conTotal tent under

Commodity group Total NAFTA HTS PSP HTS PSP

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Agricultural products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,157,036 4,713,113 1,332 737

Forest products: .................................. 999,386 654,490 54,885 31,535

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,375,423 1,229,948 132,175 74,093

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,115,739 9,392,786 14,318 8,417 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,491,162 10,622,734 146,493 82,510

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . 1,811,715 1,716,576 214,350 146,744

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,128,843 5,602,134 4,028,984 2,276,137

Footwear and parts .............................. 311,704 251,295 81,597 63,625 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,252,261 7,570,005 4,324,931 2,486,506

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ............................... 917,252 793,677 436 294

Copper and related products ....................... 737,813 530,277 3,978 446

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,701 39,468 47 20

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500,144 441,965 89,707 56,980

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,333,266 2,670,309 310,164 155,349 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,528,177 4,475,696 404,332 213,090

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods .................. 104,687 70,674 62,580 31,818

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188,399 176,351 15,656 3,583

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 922,879 4,145 8,006 2,420

Lamps and lighting fixtures ........................ 694,439 679,090 21,665 10,704

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . 1,254,470 495,413 68,544 18,850 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,164,874 1,425,674 176,451 67,374

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,159,956 642,121 118,706 81,904

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,839,011 548,106 286,083 175,589

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411,219 0 32,327 24,917

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,779 7 283 87

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,139,966 957,655 212,909 150,518

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . 1,898,350 1,749,125 355,332 172,813

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . 1,502,789 1,051,266 258,800 101,708

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................ 351,187 32,576 104,571 53,042

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights .................. 249,845 204,715 99,346 63,677

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,201,889 983,029 282,162 165,293

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,061,383 292,637 415,025 142,905 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,820,373 6,461,237 2,165,544 1,132,455

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines ................... 174,319 112,995 77,043 58,638

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,769 0 4,889 2,705

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,403,414 2,049,556 33,586 11,943

Construction and mining equipment ................. 392,328 0 378 98

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . 58,469000

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,426 69,303 20,855 9,968

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,582,448 4,213,657 835,545 575,505

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514,066 375,307 108,567 40,221

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . 935,776 733,299 114,268 60,751
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-11

Table B-6—Continued

Mexico: U.S. imports for consumption under NAFTA and the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

U.S. conTotal tent under

Commodity group Total NAFTA HTS PSP HTS PSP

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock .................... 273,580 87,291 120 (1

) Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,326,997 21,244,487 283,698 146,485

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,661 351 10,658 7,303

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . 3,794 1,261 5 5

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment ................................... 253,195 15,166 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,533 0 1,059 589 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,078,778 28,902,673 1,490,670 914,211

Electronic products: Office machines ................................ 206,382 59,028 52,517 18,084

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,390,408 4,547 340,666 170,661

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . 94,573 18,793 37,283 13,625

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,813,411 1,526,467 259,832 72,950

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media .... 192,536 0 19,262 2,652

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,448 12,390 2 1

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus .................................... 434,603 108,901 27,612 7,669

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,071,428 4,428,616 672,353 141,614

Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes .... 350,016 244,233 97,947 54,227

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . 3,157,346 1,370,020 34,918 19,291

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus .......... 268,866 200,363 42,068 9,053

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,118 2,237 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,347,054 2,414,165 1,083,671 550,923

Electrical capacitors and resistors ................... 547,147 3,696 67,405 27,222

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,072,309 0 200,563 93,312

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,364,917 0 816,126 58,937

Photographic cameras and equipment ............... 348,047 17,604 4,169 670

Photographic supplies ............................ 206,159 200,281 0 0

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,532,773 96,495 476,296 220,128

Optical goods .................................. 106,994 102,761 5,873 3,923

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,650 3,428 271 125

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,634 60,223 47,143 31,175

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,575,611 1,544,575 433,673 265,390 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,221,430 12,418,823 4,719,649 1,761,631

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,130,453 0 26,958 18,257

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,824,036 3,633,891 480,148 188,095

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,311 95,361 3,284 1,315 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,098,801 3,729,253 510,390 207,667

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,696,654 188,787 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total ................................... 130,508,931 81,162,486 13,994,677 6,897,716 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrouded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-12

Table B-7

Germany: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 800,338 0 0

Forest products: ................................... 906,405 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products ................ 889,155 522 184

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,357,366 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,246,521 522 184

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........... 406,151 0 0

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,491 0 0

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,527 55 13 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556,168 55 13

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ................................ 965,624 30 19

Copper and related products ........................ 206,313 3 2

Aluminum mill products ............................ 308,780 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,926 0 0

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,161,216 20,267 8,279 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,723,858 20,300 8,300

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,182 0 0

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,692 12 7

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167,072 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,228 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles ............ 760,175 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,031,349 12 7

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment ......................... 325,368 6 1

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426,757 9,205 1,517

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646,052 569 108

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment .................................... 411,197 625 104

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 454,148 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment ....... 734,711 18,312 4,303

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors .... 205,534 0 0

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 165,645 14 12

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights ................... 115,014 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,577 7 (1

) Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,917,377 22,117 2,635 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,485,380 50,854 8,680

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,478,721 72,767 35,178

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric .............................. 145,260 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,379,684 577,768 27,881

Construction and mining equipment .................. 576,561 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles ............ 111,848 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 135,549 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078,877 477 19

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,660 0 0

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 165,591 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-13

Table B-7—Continued

Germany: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,898 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,852,251 8,915,195 93,702

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,611,844 11 7

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 13,476 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment .................................... 168,944 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts ..................... 112,485 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,924,648 9,566,219 156,788

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,736 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus .................. 358,043 0 0

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables .......... 120,263 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,873 0 0

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . 81,257 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,208 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,827 0 0

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,301 483 291 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . 10,180 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . . 31,487 0 0

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 43,146 0 0

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,479 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 913,683 1,791 1,155

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,496 0 0

Semiconductor devices ............................ 862,456 473 79

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603,183 316 147

Photographic cameras and equipment ................ 100,056 8 6

Photographic supplies ............................. 103,794 53 29

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,598,658 602 523

Optical goods ................................... 372,059 8,747 345

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,285 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,183 29 3

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,531,539 1,063 213 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,242,194 13,565 2,792

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,711 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,553 0 0

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136,129 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229,394 0 0

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,792,274 2 (1

) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,938,529 9,651,529 176,764 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-14

Table B-8

United Kingdom: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of

HTS heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,206,947 0 0

Forest products: ................................... 804,884 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products ................ 658,627 201 40

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,106,022 234 179 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,764,650 436 219

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........... 368,649 109 56

Apparel ........................................ 284,620 119 98

Footwear and parts ............................... 150,943 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804,212 228 154

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ................................ 352,968 11 6

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,453 0 0

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,365 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,684 0 0

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,440,128 3,265 2,047 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,945,599 3,276 2,052

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,703 0 0

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,139 0 0

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188,280 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,881 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,394,758 108 77 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,664,761 108 77

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment ......................... 184,250 83 48

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,812 2 1 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250,426 3,357 226

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment .................................... 255,204 0 0

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 239,135 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment ....... 449,227 61,037 3,680

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors .... 119,630 14 7

Powered handtools and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,088 0 0

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,636 432 67

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,353 234 (1

) Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,633,984 10,103 1,464 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,344,746 75,262 5,493

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,614,211 1,049 842

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87,895 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585,415 445 12

Construction and mining equipment .................. 540,456 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles ............ 213,936 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,296 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389,571 121 43

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,604 4 2

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 81,520 64 10
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-15

Table B-8—Continued

United Kingdom: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of

HTS heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,969 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,728,437 2,443,571 157,214

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,262,690 240 168

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels ......... 139,097 73,174 6,870

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,902 6,820 1,215

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,418 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,837,417 2,525,489 166,376

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,364 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus .................. 583,120 82 68

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 68,138 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,746 2,218 1,276

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . 18,899 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media ........................ 110,202 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus ..................................... 234,749 240 208

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,416 20 19 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . 10,094 18 18

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 115,121 67 19

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 37,621 0 0

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,036 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 516,057 961 439

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,320 0 0

Semiconductor devices ............................ 289,168 78 77

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,539,178 288 287

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,806 11 8

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,228 15,197 8,129

Medical goods ................................... 347,133 0 0

Optical goods ................................... 182,281 38 37

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,421 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,022 0 0

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,286,157 91 53 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,805,276 19,308 10,638

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,194 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,265 1,430 661

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,186 4,227 620 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133,645 5,657 1,281

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,806,339 36 30 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,118,475 2,629,800 186,320 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-16

Table B-9

Sweden: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 359,226 0 0

Forest products: ................................... 281,395 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,342 0 0

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,185,876 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,281,218 0 0

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . 29,832 0 0

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,865 0 0

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,405 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,101 0 0

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ................................ 246,413 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,662 0 0

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,229 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,526 0 0

Other metal products ............................. 331,900 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649,729 0 0

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 0 0

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 0 0

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,399 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,177 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,354 577 100 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134,445 577 100

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,536 0 0

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154,914 0 0

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,334 0 0

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,938 0 0

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,503 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 51,788 0 0

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . . 19,340 0 0

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 122,188 0 0

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,796 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,522 0 0

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment .............. 583,546 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,176,407 0 0

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines .................... 182,296 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,659 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99,738 0 0

Construction and mining equipment .................. 217,996 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,664 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,696 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,021 1,693 1,031

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,245 0 0

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 5,755 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-17

Table B-9—Continued

Sweden: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,237 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,191,264 2,168,292 25,413

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,841 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 13,027 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,436 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,343 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,961,217 2,169,985 26,444

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,952 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus .................. 652,076 0 0

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 2,413 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,299 0 0

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . 79 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,248 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,243 0 0

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 0 0 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes ..... 0 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 133,720 0 0

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 2,536 0 0

Special-purpose tubes ............................ 8 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 118,053 0 0

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,724 0 0

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,176 0 0

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,657 0 0

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,475 29 28

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 0 0

Medical goods ................................... 139,756 0 0

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,853 0 0

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,543 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676 0 0

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175,804 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,407,681 29 28

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,718 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840 0 0

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,199 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,757 0 0

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483,336 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,792,512 2,170,591 26,572 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-18

Table B-10

Dominican Republic: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP)

of HTS heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 446,102 0 0

Forest products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,979 554 341

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,548 17,775 4,906

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,270 856 579 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,818 18,631 5,485

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . 50,828 42,242 25,689

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,286,019 1,508,311 944,511

Footwear and parts ............................... 193,114 82,257 58,384 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,529,961 1,632,810 1,028,584

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,645 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,958 5 1

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,330 0 0

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94,234 4,454 3,364 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,357 4,460 3,365

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,607 4,303 1,855

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172,968 27,454 21,481

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,813 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,658 5,708 3,730 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218,119 37,465 27,066

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 118 103

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,655 0 0 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 0 0 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 24 (1

) Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 3 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 9,815 9,668 3,201

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . . 45,475 5,823 2,670

Powered handtools and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 33 17

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights ................... 0 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,176 1,303 919

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,144 826 690 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,506 17,794 7,601

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines .................... 0 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric .............................. 0 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 0 0

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles ............ 0 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 0 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,398 3,197 3,029

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,710 3,557 1,586

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 15,213 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-19

Table B-10—Continued

Dominican Republic: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP)

of HTS heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock ..................... 0 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing .................................. 0 0 0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines ...................................... 6 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels ......... 8 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment .................................... 2 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,381 6,754 4,616

Electronic products: Office machines ................................. 0 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 24 8

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 12 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 0 0

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media ..... 4 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,597 2,597 2,106

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes ..... 0 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . . 19 17 7

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 33,960 0 0

Special-purpose tubes ............................ 0 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 174,353 142,057 104,481

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,361 3,453 2,090

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,440 561 319

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999 40 4

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 0 0

Photographic supplies ............................. 3 0 0

Medical goods ................................... 351,098 206,908 101,919

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,428 3,359 2,571

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 0 0

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,392 7,280 2,930 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 587,047 366,295 216,436

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft .................. 9 7 6

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 85 45

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 92 51

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,762 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,187,143 2,084,856 1,293,543 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-20

Table B-11

Korea: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 229,867 0 0

Forest products: ................................... 348,323 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products ................ 692,566 0 0

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218,293 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,910,860 0 0

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........... 951,424 1,045 80

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,364,268 12,717 803

Footwear and parts ............................... 103,297 16,954 646 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,418,989 30,716 1,529

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ................................ 779,352 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,527 0 0

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,142 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,987 0 0

Other metal products ............................. 898,495 1,843 40 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,767,503 1,843 40

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods ................... 104,498 496 27

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242,900 2,088 1,337

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,458 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,373 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles ............ 545,485 12,444 1,906 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 972,714 15,027 3,271

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment ......................... 413,907 0 0

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611,193 8 1

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,038 2,809 2,363 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,403 20 (1

) Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 116,429 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment ....... 171,165 0 0

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors .... 115,146 0 0

Powered handtools and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,065 0 0

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,613 1,048 259

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,720 0 0

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment .............. 668,854 5,066 992 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,265,533 8,952 3,614

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines .................... 226,051 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,377 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,573 849 298

Construction and mining equipment .................. 156,341 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles ............ 103,460 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,382 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339,100 22,647 12,478

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,743 0 0

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 130,516 1,535 263
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-21

Table B-11—Continued

Korea: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,354 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,369,425 1,575,797 21,838

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines ...................................... 188,218 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 79,759 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,841 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,479 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,821,620 1,600,828 34,876

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,093 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,526,723 8,390 686

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables .......... 217,268 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,123,994 50 14

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media ..... 189,918 155 7

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,453 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,619 0 0

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239,761 20,223 11,996

Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . 7,778 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . . 99,493 35 17

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 63,866 0 0

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,196 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 312,009 553 223

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,586 0 0

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,501,529 226,144 136,886

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,622,075 12,240 7,888

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,042 0 0

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,400 0 0

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,984 0 0

Optical goods ................................... 139,492 0 0

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,208 25 2

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,296 0 0

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,999 1,875 485 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,408,783 269,691 158,205

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,105 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,487 0 0

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,370 13,380 2,508 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,961 13,380 2,508

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 742,033 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,917,187 1,940,438 204,042 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-22

Table B-12

Honduras: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 412,997 0 0

Forest products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,739 0 0

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,220 177 134

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,549 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,770 177 134

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . 5,432 1,533 1,053

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,437,505 1,485,469 1,039,210

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5 4 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,442,950 1,487,007 1,040,267

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,191 0 0

Aluminum mill products ............................ 3 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 0 0

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,124 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,090 0 0

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 15 6

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 0 0

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42,419 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,386 333 300 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,908 348 306

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 0 0

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 0 0 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 0 0 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment .................................... 0 0 0

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 16 0 0

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . . 368 0 0

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 0 0 0

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights ................... 0 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 2 1

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,049 2 1

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines .................... 5 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 0 0

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 0 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,420 0 0

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527 0 0

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 39 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-23

Table B-12—Continued

Honduras: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock ..................... 0 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing .................................. 0 0 0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 918 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels ......... 0 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment .................................... 0 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,421 0 0

Electronic products: Office machines ................................. 0 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus .................. 8 0 0

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables .......... 0 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 0 0

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media ..... 0 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus ..................................... 0 0 0

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes ..... 0 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 0 0 0

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 71 0 0

Special-purpose tubes ............................ 0 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,880 0 0

Electrical capacitors and resistors .................... 0 0 0

Semiconductor devices ............................ 0 0 0

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 0 0

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 0 0

Photographic supplies ............................. 0 0 0

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 9 9

Optical goods ................................... 0 0 0

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,326 9 9

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,143 43,292 15,346

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,278 43,292 15,346

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,478 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,131,004 1,530,834 1,056,063 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-24

Table B-13

China: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,489,392 832 205

Forest products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,167,557 1,814 245

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,199,792 2,182 759

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,538,581 350 174 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,738,373 2,532 933

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . 2,212,022 14,538 2,247

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,912,016 108,451 51,996

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,766,942 937,140 49,107 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,890,980 1,060,129 103,350

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products ................................ 285,186 67 39

Copper and related products ........................ 102,512 0 0

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,163 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422,415 193 18

Other metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,423,197 11,653 2,464 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,250,473 11,913 2,522

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,208,483 8,318 1,714

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771,254 1,811 518

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,608,332 231 16

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,458,887 164 12

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,571,287 33,016 6,488 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,618,243 43,539 8,748

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,036,243 8 3

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,844,698 28,862 1,429

Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208,007 536 350

Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,251 0 0

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices .............. 341,352 14 5

Electric motors generators and related equipment ....... 441,370 862 82

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors .... 925,764 22,873 5,555

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 670,631 20,215 2,564

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights ................... 541,441 71 34

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products ...................................... 609,302 97 79

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment .............. 877,807 973 287 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,500,865 74,511 10,390

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,279 1,000 750

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,942 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79,262 0 0

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,269 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,944 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 152,024 848 157

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565,236 14,451 5,043

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325,761 4,991 1,181

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 110,238 479 40
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-25

Table B-13—Continued

China: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,339 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866 0 0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,117 7 3

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 55,543 7,800 1,998

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment .................................... 170,170 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,660 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,775,650 29,577 9,173

Electronic products: Office machines ................................. 628,142 26 7

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,222,257 2,117 512

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 40,646 733 398

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,228,562 7,040 1,102

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media ..... 135,906 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,895 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,174 119 99

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263,490 472 454

Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . 9,302 461 219

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 306,894 12,074 7,126

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus ........... 348,456 923 158

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,260 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,393,842 31,913 6,915

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,666 2,935 2,077

Semiconductor devices ............................ 625,166 83,955 64,926

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,547,572 3,077 991

Photographic cameras and equipment ................ 919,441 0 0

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,521 0 0

Medical goods ................................... 458,619 99 6

Optical goods ................................... 733,152 41 25

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,984 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599,331 279 76

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551,902 2,729 698 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,231,179 148,994 85,788

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,053 2 1

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,172 13,427 2,598

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,250 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188,475 13,429 2,599

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,218,139 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total .................................... 102,069,326 1,387,270 223,953 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-26

Table B-14

Philippines: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: ............................... 569,988 0 0

Forest products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,946 69 2

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,998 415 78

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38,301 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,299 415 78

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . 97,159 290 73

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,950,494 41,121 2,490

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,739 40 3 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,059,392 41,451 2,566

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 985 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,419 0 0

Aluminum mill products ............................ 0 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515 0 0

Other metal products ............................. 143,578 3 3 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159,497 3 3

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods ................... 283,158 2,285 283

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,538 0 0

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237,631 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,261 1,154 403

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,431 263 140 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671,019 3,702 827

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,118 0 0

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,778 0 0 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,795 60 48 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,356 5 5

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,799 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 13,657 204 61

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . . 46,685 0 0

Powered handtools and parts thereof ................. 6 0 0

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,774 0 0

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,648 0 0

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,592 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,208 270 114

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 0 0

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,623 0 0

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,076 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings ........................... 2 0 0

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,755 0 0

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,808 0 0

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 17,995 0 0
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-27

Table B-14—Continued

Philippines: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 0 0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,338 2,086 1,049

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 256 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,521 2,086 1,049

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,513 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus .................. 107,635 557 358

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 184 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,865 4 3

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . 601 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,350 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,011 38 35

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,621 0 0 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . 26 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus .... 130,026 0 0

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 27,036 0 0

Special-purpose tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 129,516 2,899 1,528

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,015 44 28

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,512,707 1,060,114 495,789

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,553,973 918 360

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,859 0 0

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 0 0

Medical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,055 0 0

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,596 109 23

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126,029 25,455 1,329

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,165 268 152 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,870,479 1,090,406 499,604

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 0 0

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288,219 149,145 32,260

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288,391 149,145 32,260

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285,457 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,307,198 1,287,547 536,502 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-28

Table B-15

CBERA: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Agricultural products: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,217,746 0 0

Forest products: ................................... 112,650 554 341

Chemicals, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and related products: Fabricated plastic and rubber products ................ 165,902 25,261 10,685

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,835,287 856 579 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,001,188 26,117 11,264

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........... 120,312 60,827 39,448

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,607,997 5,676,452 3,555,131

Footwear and parts ............................... 205,517 84,844 58,614 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,933,826 5,822,123 3,653,193

Minerals and metals:

Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,829 0 0

Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,945 5 1

Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,802 0 0

Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,074 0 0

Other metal products ............................. 415,187 4,568 3,430 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551,838 4,574 3,432

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53,803 4,853 2,072

Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218,290 27,454 21,481

Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,358 0 0

Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,077 0 0

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,513 6,068 4,045 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419,041 38,375 27,597

Machinery and equipment: Air conditioning equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,571 257 129

Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,614 261 73 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,387 1,130 1,093 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,346 1,081 831

Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 0 0

Electric motors generators and related equipment . . . . . . . 17,871 11,927 4,291

Electrical transformers static converters and inductors . . . . 62,724 8,734 4,241

Powered handtools and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 33 17

Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639 72 56

Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire and related

products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,038 2,958 1,792

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,926 892 721 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173,432 27,347 13,244

Transportation equipment: Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851 0 0

Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677 10 7

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,278 0 0

Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,479 0 0

Forklift trucks and similar industrial vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 0 0

Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5 2

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,717 3,200 3,032

Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,057 3,995 1,850

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment . . . 20,751 63 49
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

B-29

Table B-15—Continued

CBERA: U.S. imports for consumption, total and under the production-sharing provisions (PSP) of HTS

heading 9802, by commodity groups, 2001

(1,000 dollars)

Total Total under U.S.

Commodity group imports HTS PSP content

Transportation equipment—Continued

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 0 0

Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies and chassis of

the foregoing .................................. 6 0 0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,120 0 0

Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . 4,358 0 0

Miscellaneous vehicles and transportation-related equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 0 0

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,834 7,273 4,941

Electronic products: Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 0 0

Telephone and telegraph apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,605 45 26

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . 1,535 0 0

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,406 170 151

Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . 86 0 0

Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 0 0

Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,664 2,602 2,109

Television receivers, video monitors, and combinations

including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,186 14 12 Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes ..... 0 0 0

Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . . 4,799 2,035 479

Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . 34,090 41 32

Special-purpose tubes ............................ 2 0 0

Electrical and electronic articles, apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for ....................... 233,686 162,836 116,060

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,510 5,262 3,017

Semiconductor devices ............................ 334,684 186,773 96,770

Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111,868 1,351 797

Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 6 3

Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 0 0

Medical goods ................................... 648,648 208,286 102,766

Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,412 3,359 2,571

Drawing and mathematical calculating and measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 0 0

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 810 67 42

Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,303 9,079 4,133 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,510,310 581,927 328,968

Seats, wiring, and pumps for vehicles: Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7 6

Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,247 43,379 15,392

Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,855 43,386 15,399

Special provisions: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652,148 0 0 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,678,868 6,551,677 4,058,378 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

B-30

Table B-16 

U.S. imports for consumption under HTS heading 9802.00.60, by country and commodity, 2001

(1,000 dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Monitoring group Mexico France Germany Canada Spain All other Total

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Aircraft engines and gas turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,406 72,773 0 102 0 358 116,640

Other metal products . . . . . . . . 987 0 20,175 5,752 0 3,822 30,735

Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0 30,305 0 30,305

Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . 22,678 0 6 247 0 1,700 24,631

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for 

aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 21,682 49 0 0 21,730

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,972 555 742 26,076 0 7,358 49,703 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,043 73,328 42,605 32,225 30,305 13,238 273,744 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Table B-17 

Mexico: U.S. imports for consumption under HTS heading 9802.00.90, by commodity, 2000 and 2001

(1,000 dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Monitoring group 2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Textiles, apparel, and footwear: Textiles and textile products (except apparel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,440 28,299

Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,111,751 2,243,159

Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 1

Miscellaneous manufactures:

Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,450 26,268

Other miscellaneous manufactured articles .............................. 0 2 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,217,749 2,297,730 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Note:–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Table B-18 

Duty savings from use of the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802, by monitoring group, 2001,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Percent Nominal Effec

Monitoring group Total value U.S. content dutiable rate1 r

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

–––––––––– 1,000 dollars –––––––––– ––––––––––––––– Percent –––––––––

Agricultural products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,200 1,417 66 4 Forest products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,139 33,458 43 2 Fabricated plastic and rubber products .... 167,989 86,988 48 4 

Other energy and chemical products . . . . . 29,483 13,684 54 (3) 

Textiles and textile products (except apparel) ........................ 357,167 202,127 43 5 Apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,334,711 5,999,445 42 19 Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,473,581 190,510 87 14 Steel mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,400 11,604 25 2 Copper and related products . . . . . . . . . . . 6,373 1,060 83 1 Aluminum mill products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,659 1,116 33 3 Builders' hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90,052 57,043 37 5 Other metal products ................. 378,866 181,494 52 4 Luggage, handbags and flat goods . . . . . . . 82,046 36,759 55 17 Jewelry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55,726 30,594 45 5 Furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,568 2,672 69 0 Lamps and lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,990 11,122 52 6 Other miscellaneous manufactured

articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181,428 45,035 75 6 

Air conditioning equipment ............. 120,157 82,433 31 2 Household appliances, including commercial applications . . . . . . . . . . . 328,810 179,001 46 2 Centrifuges, filtering and purifying equipment, and pumps for liquids . . . . 41,991 29,480 30 0 Semiconductor equipment, robots, and other equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,177 1,120 49 0 Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices . . 218,442 152,341 30 2 Electric motors generators and related equipment ...................... 675,374 214,265 68 3 Electrical transformers static converters

and inductors .................... 308,367 116,471 62 2 

Powered handtools and parts thereof ..... 129,403 56,164 57 1 Flashlights and other similar electric lights light bulbs and fluorescent tubes; arc lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101,917 64,253 37 2 Nonautomotive insulated electrical wire

and related products .............. 286,046 167,595 41 2 

Miscellaneous machinery and equipment . . 727,098 201,096 72 2 Aircraft engines and gas turbines ........ 531,197 378,204 29 2 Motors and engines, except internal combustion, aircraft, or electric . . . . . . 4,915 2,722 45 0 

Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft .................. 644,576 45,574 93 2 Construction and mining equipment . . . . . . 48,313 6,360 87 0 Ball and rollers bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,901 10,452 54 7 Certain motor-vehicle parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,405,132 606,081 57 2 Primary cells and batteries and electric storage batteries ................. 273,458 59,570 78 3 See note(s) at end of table.

B-31
Table B-18—Continued

Duty savings from use of the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802, by monitoring group, 2001,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Percent Nominal Effec

Monitoring group Total value U.S. content dutiable rate1 r

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

–––––––––– 1,000 dollars –––––––––– ––––––––––––––– Percent –––––––––

Ignition starting, lighting, and other electrical equipment ............... 123,649 63,315 49 2 Rail locomotive and rolling stock . . . . . . . . . 94,766 12,069 87 3 Automobiles, trucks, buses, and bodies

and chassis of the foregoing . . . . . . . . 34,990,185 909,341 97 3 

Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment, except engines ......... 113,104 38,413 66 0 Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324,222 63,143 81 1 Miscellaneous vehicles and

transportation-related equipment . . . . . 15,185 4,503 70 (3) 

Motorcycles, mopeds, and parts . . . . . . . . . 1,293 802 38 0 Office machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,713 19,394 68 2 Telephone and telegraph apparatus ...... 361,864 176,545 51 (3) 

Optical fibers, optical fiber bundles and cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40,216 15,656 61 1 

Microphones, loudspeakers, audio amplifiers, and combinations thereof . . 269,816 75,910 72 4 Unrecorded magnetic tapes, discs, and other media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,623 2,670 86 0 Records, tapes, compact discs, computer software, and other recorded media . . 107 24 78 0 Radio navigational aid, radar, and remote control apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,579 10,651 66 2 Television receivers, video monitors, and

combinations including television receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695,090 155,328 78 4 

Television picture tubes and other cathode-ray tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,510 54,538 45 8 Television apparatus (except receivers and monitors), including cameras camcorders and cable apparatus . . . . 49,273 27,030 45 2 Electric sound and visual signaling apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43,258 9,381 78 1 Special-purpose tubes ................ 3 (4) 97 4 

Electrical and electronic articles,

apparatus, and parts not elsewhere provided for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,389,869 707,973 49 2 

Electrical capacitors and resistors . . . . . . . 79,802 34,388 57 (3) 

Semiconductor devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,776,279 1,466,819 47 0 Computer hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874,928 77,883 91 0 Photographic cameras and equipment . . . . 4,385 728 83 (3) Photographic supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,109 26,930 50 4 Medical goods ....................... 693,997 326,272 53 (3) Optical goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,693 7,202 61 3 Drawing and mathematical calculating and

measuring instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 243 49 4 

See note(s) at end of table.

B-32
Table B-18—Continued

Duty savings from use of the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802, by monitoring group, 2001,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Percent Nominal Effec

Monitoring group Total value U.S. content dutiable rate1 r

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

–––––––––– 1,000 dollars –––––––––– ––––––––––––––– Percent –––––––––

Watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,505 32,742 55 10 Measuring, testing, controlling and analyzing instruments ............. 493,834 285,025 42 1 Seats for motor vehicles and aircraft . . . . . 26,996 18,284 32 0 Wiring harnesses for motor vehicles . . . . . . 729,203 245,683 66 5 Pumps for motor vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,900 4,448 79 3 Special Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 64 34 0 

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,709,180 14,152,706 78 5 

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

1 Trade-weighted average rate of duty applicable to the products imported under HTS 9802.00.80 for each monitoring group. This is t

the dutiable portion of such imports. 2 Trade-weighted average rate of duty after accounting for the duty-free U.S.-origin content of imports under provision 9802.00.80. 3 Less than 0.5 percent. 4 Less than $500.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

B-33
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

See note(s) at end of table.

B-34

Table B-19 

U.S. imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802 for all countries, by North

American Industrial Classification (NAIC) code, 2000 and 2001

(Million dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

NAIC code Description Total U.S. content Total U.S. content

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

11199 All other agricultural products ............... 1 1 (1) (1) 11251 Farmed fish & related products .............. 0 0 (1

) (1) 11411 Fish, fresh/chilled/frozen & other marine

 products .............................. 0 0 1 (1

) 21232 Sand/gravel/clay/refractory minerals .......... (1

) (1) (1) (1) 31134 Nonchocolate confectionery products ......... (1

) (1) (1) (1) 31142 Fruits & vegetables ....................... (1

) (1)2 (1) 31171 Seafood prods, prepared, canned & packaged ............................. 0 0 (1

) (1) 31182 Flour mixes, dough & pasta ................. (1

) (1)0 0 31192 Coffee & tea ............................ (1

) (1) (1) (1) 31199 Other foods, nesoi ........................ (1

) (1)0 0 31311 Fibers, yarns & threads .................... (1

) (1) (1) (1) 31321 Broadwoven fabrics ....................... 1 (1

)1 (1) 31322 Narrow fabrics ........................... 6 3 3 1

31323 Nonwoven fabrics ........................ (1) (1) (1) (1) 31324 Knit fabrics & lace ........................ 2 1 1 (1

) 31331 Textile & fabric finishing mill products ......... (1

) (1) (1) (1) 31332 Coated fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 17 55 19

31411 Carpets & rugs .......................... 1 1 1 1

31412 Curtains & linens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 33 50 32

31491 Textile bags & canvas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7 28 7

31499 All other textile products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 65 100 60

31511 Hosiery & socks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 376 402 353

31522 Men s/boys apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,483 3,905 4,977 2,972

31523 Women s/girls apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,609 2,964 4,522 2,387

31529 Other apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 149 173 85

31599 Apparel accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312 232 267 207

31611 Leather & hide tanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 9 (1) (1) 31621 Footwear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 991 132 1,408 144

31699 Other leather products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 107 139 82

32111 Sawmill & wood products .................. (1

) (1)0 0 32121 Veneer, plywood & engineered wood products .............................. (1

) (1) (1) (1) 32191 Millwork ................................ (1

) (1)1 (1) 32192 Wood containers & pallets .................. (1

) (1) (1) (1) 32199 All other wood products .................... 1 1 (1

) (1) 32212 Paper mill products ....................... (1

) (1)0 0 32221 Paperboard containers .................... 5 4 1 1

32222 Paper bags & coated & treated paper . . . . . . . . . 10 4 10 4

32223 Stationery products ....................... (1) (1)0 0 32229 Other converted paper products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 13 32 17

32311 Print and stationery articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 38 11 6

32513 Synthetic dyes & pigments ................. 0 0 (1

) (1) 32518 Other basic inorganic chemicals ............. (1

) (1) (1) (1) 32519 Other basic organic chemicals .............. 4 3 (1

) (1) 32521 Resin & synthetic rubbers .................. (1

) (1) (1) (1) 32522 Artificial & synthetic fibers & filaments ......... 0 0 (1

) (1) 32541 Pharmaceuticals & medicines ............... (1

) (1) (1) (1) 32551 Paints & coatings ......................... 0 0 (1

) (1) 32561 Soaps & cleaning compounds ............... 1 (1

)1 (1) 32562 Perfumes, makeups & other toiletries . . . . . . . . . 35 11 13 4

32591 Printing inks ............................. (1) (1)0 0 32592 Explosives & accessories .................. 8 4 9 6

32599 All other chemical products & preparations . . . . . 79 39 54 27

32611 Plastics, films, sheets & bags ............... 2 1 1 1

32612 Plastics pipes, pipe fittings & profile shapes .... 9 7 3 1

32616 Plastics bottles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3 15 3

32619 Other plastics products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 55 104 54

32622 Rubber & plastics hoses & belting . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 17 22 19

32629 Other rubber products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4 13 3

32711 Pottery, ceramics & plumbing fixtures . . . . . . . . . 78 12 93 14

32721 Glass & glass products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 18 46 22

32791 Abrasive products ........................ 7 2 3 1

32799 All other nonmetallic mineral products ......... 2 1 4 3

33111 Iron & steel & ferroalloy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 11 18 14

33122 Rolling & drawing of purchased steel ......... 5 1 1 (1

) 33131 Alumina & aluminum & processing . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8 2 1
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data)

See note(s) at end of table.

B-35

Table B-19—Continued

U.S. imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802 for all countries, by North

American Industrial Classification (NAIC) code, 2000 and 2001

(Million dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

NAIC code Description Total U.S. content Total U.S. content

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

33141 Nonferrous (exc aluminum) smelting & refining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 (1

) (1) 33142 Copper rolling/drawing/extruding & alloying ..... 1 (1

) (1) (1) 33149 Other nonferrous

 roll/draw/extruding/alloying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 44 25 11 33151 Ferrous metal foundries ................... 1 1 2 1

33221 Cutlery & handtools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 12 21 12

33231 Plate work & fabricated structural products . . . . . 30 11 22 11

33232 Ornamental & architectural metal products . . . . . 12 6 9 4

33241 Power boilers & heat exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 8 1 1

33242 Metal tanks (heavy gauge) ................. 3 2 2 1

33243 Light gauge metal containers ............... 2 1 0 0

33251 Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 137 153 108

33261 Springs & wire products .................... 4 3 2 2

33272 Bolts/nuts/scrws/rivts/washrs & other

 turned prods ........................... 4 2 8 3

33291 Metal valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 213 222 154

33299 Other fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 59 79 44

33311 Agricultural implements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 45 65 45

33312 Construction machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 66 241 74

33313 Mining & oil & gas field machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 8 15 4

33321 Sawmill & woodworking machinery ........... 1 (1

) 12 3 33322 Plastics & rubber industry machinery ......... 2 (1

) (1) (1) 33329 Other industrial machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3 15 3

33331 Commercial & service industry machinery . . . . . . 211 57 81 26

33341 Hvac & commercial refrigeration equipment . . . . 86 46 67 35

33351 Metalworking machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 43 146 37

33361 Engines, turbines & power transmsn equip . . . . . 354 155 791 437

33391 Pumps & compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 64 66 53

33392 Material handling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 8 28 9

33399 Other general purpose machinery . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 48 135 55

33411 Computer equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 689 92 776 38

33421 Telephone apparatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524 334 210 131

33422 Radio/tv broadcast & wireless

 communication equip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 54 42 23

33429 Other communications equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 3 59 2

33431 Audio & video equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,271 409 906 227

33441 Semiconductors & other electronic

 components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,836 4,637 3,969 1,982

33451 Navigational/measuring/medical/control instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751 371 630 344

33461 Magnetic & optical media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3 20 3

33511 Electric lamp bulbs & parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 91 102 64

33512 Lighting fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 60 23 11

33521 Small electrical appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 177 237 137

33522 Major appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 55 191 56

33531 Electrical equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,687 799 1,324 545

33591 Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 108 264 54

33592 Communication & energy wires & cables . . . . . . 534 325 320 177

33593 Wiring devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 189 293 148

33599 Electrical equipment & components, nesoi . . . . . 115 54 97 35

33611 Autos & light duty motor vehicles, incl chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,064 680 34,359 711

33612 Heavy duty trucks & chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,425 644 627 192

33621 Motor vehicle bodies & trailers .............. 2 (1

)2 (1) 33631 Motor vehicle gasoline engines & engine parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577 25 577 19 33632 Motor vehicle electrical & electronic

 equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,081 471 850 307

33633 Motor vehicle steering & suspension parts ..... 4 3 3 2

33634 Motor vehicle brake systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 42 35 24

33635 Motor vehicle transmission & power train parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593 15 539 21 33636 Motor vehicle seating & interior trim . . . . . . . . . . 688 403 420 315

33637 Motor vehicle metal stampings .............. (1) (1)0 0 33639 Motor vehicle parts, nesoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780 581 480 286

33641 Aerospace products & parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 31 121 42

33651 Railroad rolling stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 12 93 11
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (U.S. Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

B-36

Table B-19 

U.S. imports under the production-sharing provisions of HTS heading 9802 for all countries, by North

American Industrial Classification (NAIC) code, 2000 and 2001

(Million dollars) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

2000 2001 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

NAIC code Description Total U.S. content Total U.S. content

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

33661 Ships & boats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 48 324 63

33699 Transportation equipment, nesoi . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 12 59 9

33712 Household & institutional furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 10 3

33721 Office furniture (including fixtures) ............ 4 3 (1) (1) 33791 Mattresses .............................. (1

) (1)0 0 33792 Blinds & shades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 15 47 31

33911 Medical equipment & supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 395 702 365

33991 Jewelry & silverware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 24 56 31

33992 Sporting & athletic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 15 53 12

33993 Dolls, toys & games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 4 11 2

33994 Office supplies (except paper) ............... 9 7 3 2

33995 Signs .................................. (1) (1) (1) (1) 33999 Other manufactured commodities . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 42 79 37

91000 Waste and scrap ......................... (1

) (1)1 1 98000 Goods ret to ca (exp); us goods ret & reimps (imp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 (1

) (1) 99000 Special classification provisions, nesoi ........ (1

) (1) (1) (1)

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,354 20,539 63,709 14,153 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1

Less than $500,000.

Note.–Calculations based on unrounded data.

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-1

APPENDIX C

Selected Statistical Tables (C-1 to C-7) for

Trade Under Mexico’s Production-Sharing

Provisions (Temporary Import Programs)
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-2

Table C-1

Mexico's exports to the United States1

 under Temporary Import Programs (TIP) (Maquiladora and

Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture Exported Products (PITEX), by leading

product sectors, 1998-2001

 Exports under TIP 

Total

exports to

the U.S.

TIP share

of total

exports to

Products sectors (HS range) 1998 1999 2000 2001 in 2001 the U.S.

-----------------------Million dollars---------------------- Percent

Motor vehicles2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,607 15,798 19,344 19,427 19,442 100

Certain motor-vehicle parts3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,851 10,611 11,933 11,791 12,135 97

Apparel and other textile articles (61-63,65) . . . . . . . 6,605 7,843 8,648 7,958 8,236 97

Color television receivers and parts (8528.12,

 8529.90, 8540.11, 8504.91) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,316 6,892 7,859 7,751 7,757 100

Radio transmission and reception apparatus

 (8525, 8527, and 8529 (pt)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,929 5,324 7,749 7,724 7,788 99

Computers and components (8471) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,769 5,701 7,186 8,679 8,783 99

Electrical circuit apparatus (8534, 8535, 8536,

8537, 8538) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,786 3,358 4,898 4,234 4,340 98

Measuring, testing, and controlling instruments

(9024, 9025, 9027, 9028, 9029, 9030, 9031,

9032, 9033 (pt)) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,080 1,314 1,588 1,833 1,875 98

Major household appliances (8418, 8422.11,

8422.19, 8450, 8451) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 434 454 768 802 96

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,644 47,749 57,134 51,129 69,215 74

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,951 105,024 126,794 121,294 140,373 86

 1 Official Mexican statistics on Mexico’s exports to the United States in 1998 were valued 10 percent larger than official

U.S. statistics on U.S. imports from Mexico. Much of the difference in the reported trade levels can be attributed to

maquiladora shipments to U.S. distribution centers that are later re-exported to global markets. Significant discrepancies

between U.S. and Mexican data on an individual product basis can be caused by differences in classification.

 2

 Covers HS numbers 8701.20, 8702, 8703.22 to 8703.90, 8704.21 to 8704.90, 8706.00.03, 8706.00.05, 8706.00.15.20,

8707.10.00.20, 8707.90.50.20, 8707.90.50.40, and 8707.90.50.60.

 3

 The products covered in the “certain motor-vehicle parts” sector include body stampings, engines and parts, bumpers,

brakes and parts, gear boxes, axles, wheels, shock absorbers, radiators, exhaust systems, clutches, steering wheels,

wiring harnesses, car seats and parts, and miscellaneous parts and accessories; these products include HS numbers 

8407, 8408, 8409, 8544.30, 8708, 9401.20. In the tables in app. B, however, the category “certain motor-vehicle parts” does

not include engines, wiring harnesses, or seats and parts.

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001,” which used data provided by INEGI, the

statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-3

Table C-2

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

Mexico’s imports from the

United States

U.S.

 exports to

Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

01 Live animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 158 158 146

02 Meat and edible offal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 59 1,444 1,506 1,203

03 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 25 26 49

04 Dairy produce; eggs; honey; edible animal products . . . . . 1 10 281 292 220

05 Other products of animal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1 90 97 194

06 Live trees & plants; cut flowers & ornamental foliage . . . . . 3 0 28 31 25

07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers . . . . . . . . . 2 4 163 169 137

08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons . . . . . . . 8 1 370 379 279

09 Coffee, tea, mate, and spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 16 17 18

10 Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 1,552 1,554 1,525

11 Milling products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten . . . . . 1 10 179 190 143

12 Oil seeds & oleaginous fruits; misc. grains, seeds, & fruits;

 industrial or medicinal plants; straw & fodder . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1,006 1,008 946

13 Lac; gums; resins & other vegetable saps & extracts . . . . . 1 2 31 34 39

14 Vegetable plaiting materials & veg. products, nesoi ...... 0 0 1 1 1

15 Animal or vegetable fats, oils, & waxes; edible fats . . . . . . 1 4 278 283 274

16 Edible preparations of meat, fish, or seafood . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 133 133 90

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5 126 156 91

18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 92 98 263

19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch, or milk . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 178 180 116

20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, parts of plants . . . . 5 1 200 206 140

21 Miscellaneous edible preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5 492 504 411

22 Beverages, spirits, and vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 140 143 164

23 Residues, waste of the food industries; animal feed . . . . . . 0 1 358 359 499

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes . . . . . . . . . 0 0 3 3 11

25 Salt; sulfur; earths & stone; plaster, lime, and cement . . . . 28 33 115 176 127

26 Ores, slag and ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 35 19 56 107

27 Mineral fuels, oils, waxes; bituminous substances . . . . . . . 37 188 3,752 3,977 3,295

28 Inorganic chemicals; compounds of precious metals, rare-

 earth metals, or radioactive elements or isotopes . . . . . 35 247 336 618 475

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 557 1,351 1,961 1,861

30 Pharmaceutical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 18 288 375 354

31 Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 153 154 161

32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins; dyes, pigments, other

 coloring matter; paints & varnishes; putty; inks . . . . . . . 180 69 416 665 528

33 Essential oils; perfume; cosmetic/ toilet preparations . . . . . 14 9 337 360 418

34 Soap; lubricating products; waxes; polishing/scouring

 products; candles; modeling pastes; dental plaster . . . . 36 14 226 276 208

35 Albumoidal substances; starches; glues; enzymes . . . . . . . 58 33 133 224 182

36 Explosives; fireworks; matches; combustible prep . . . . . . . 34 0 10 44 31

37 Photographic or cinematographic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 172 252 451 455

38 Miscellaneous chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 137 766 1,186 735

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,727 1,007 2,774 8,508 6,625
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-4

Table C-2—Continued

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

Mexico’s imports from the

United States

U.S.

 exports to

Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather . . . . 284 87 178 549 361

42 Leather articles; saddlery; travel goods; handbags . . . . . . . 159 32 20 211 73

43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof ......... 1 0 1 2 4

44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 57 208 499 404

45 Cork and articles of cork ........................... 2 0 2 4 3

46 Manufactures of straw; basketware and wickerwork ...... 0 0 1 1 3

47 Wood pulp; waste and scrap paper and paperboard . . . . . 0 17 429 446 401

48 Paper & paperboard; articles of pulp, paper, paperbd . . . . 1,269 370 1,197 2,836 2,324

49 Printed products, including books, newspapers, plans . . . . 164 18 261 443 333

50 Silk, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof ......... 2 0 1 3 4

51 Wool & animal hair, yarns & woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . 18 30 5 53 30

52 Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . 580 170 584 1,334 1,227

53 Other vegetable textile fibers; yarns and fabrics of such

 vegetable fibers and paper ...................... 1 0 2 3 4

54 Manmade filaments, including yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . 458 101 178 737 757

55 Manmade staple fibers, incl. yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . . 270 101 156 527 318

56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine,

 cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof . . . . . . . 246 55 72 373 257

57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 64 42 151 94

58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace;

 tapestries; trimmings; embroidery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 75 29 513 280

59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics;

 textile articles suitable for industrial use . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 52 74 527 430

60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 108 67 395 356

61 Knitted or crocheted apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,226 207 139 1,572 1,184

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764 160 131 1,055 797

63 Other textile articles; needlecraft; used clothing . . . . . . . . . 105 10 60 175 127

64 Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 1 9 77 129

65 Headgear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1 8 28 13

66 Umbrellas, walking sticks, whips, and riding crops ....... 0 0 3 3 4

67 Articles of feathers and down; artificial flowers; articles

 of human hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 3 4 9

68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica . . . . . 64 17 110 191 139

69 Ceramic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 32 55 139 164

70 Glass and glassware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 160 192 602 457

71 Natural or cultured pearls; precious or semiprecious

 stones; precious-metal and imitation jewelry; coin . . . . . 198 17 337 552 507

72 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 441 591 1,502 1,203

73 Articles of iron or steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,219 540 667 3,426 1,952

74 Copper and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719 161 98 978 551

75 Nickel and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 35 9 69 63

76 Aluminum and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754 150 581 1,485 1,017

78 Lead and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 9 4 27 25
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-5

Table C-2—Continued

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

Mexico’s imports from the

United States

U.S.

 exports to

Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

80 Tin and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 11 25 15

81 Other articles of base metals; cermets & articles of . . . . . . 262 10 13 285 62

82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base

 metal; parts thereof of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 24 413 500 325

83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646 335 186 1,167 841

84 Machinery and mechanical appliances, including nuclear

 reactors, boilers, computer hardware, & parts . . . . . . . . 3,312 3,865 8,943 16,120 14,610

85 Electrical machinery & equipment; sound recorders &

 reproducers; television equip.; parts & accessories . . . . 20,492 2,697 5,228 28,417 24,855

86 Railway locomotives, rolling stock, track fixtures and parts;

 traffic signaling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 106 52 231 243

87 Other vehicles, incl. automobiles, trucks, buses, parts . . . . 962 5,250 5,468 11,680 11,049

88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8 130 145 691

89 Ships, boats and floating structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 35 36 37

90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring,

 checking, precision, or medical instruments, & parts . . . 1,090 688 1,403 3,181 3,208

91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 0 21 41 71

92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories thereof . . . . . . 12 1 9 22 21

93 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof . . . . 0 1 9 10 4

94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, & cushions; lamps &

 lighting fittings; illuminated signs; prefab buildings . . . . . 322 368 407 1,097 1,134

95 Toys, games & sports equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . . 100 33 128 261 316

96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 25 99 292 183

97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 4 4 13

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,510 19,747 48,118 113,375 97,505

 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 23 158 274 4,009

 Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,603 19,770 48,276 113,649 101,509

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-6

Table C-3

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

01 Live animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 59 60

02 Meat and edible offal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 8 367 376

03 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 70 72

04 Dairy produce; eggs; honey; edible animal products . . . . . . . 3 18 497 518

05 Other products of animal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 17 19

06 Live trees & plants; cut flowers & ornamental foliage . . . . . . . 1 0 15 16

07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 33 35

08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons . . . . . . . . . 0 7 131 138

09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 7 63 70

10 Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 173 174

11 Milling products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten . . . . . . . 1 0 34 35

12 Oil seeds & oleaginous fruits; misc. grains, seeds, & fruits;

 industrial or medicinal plants; straw & fodder . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 348 348

13 Lac; gums; resins & other vegetable saps & extracts . . . . . . . 0 12 34 46

14 Vegetable plaiting materials & veg. products, nesoi . . . . . . . . 1 11 12 24

15 Animal or vegetable fats, oils, & waxes; edible fats . . . . . . . . 1 1 107 109

16 Edible preparations of meat, fish, or seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 29 29

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 41 41

18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 69 69

19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch, or milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 153 154

20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, parts of plants . . . . . . 0 1 79 80

21 Miscellaneous edible preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 7 58 65

22 Beverages, spirits, and vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 2 193 195

23 Residues, waste of the food industries; animal feed . . . . . . . . 0 0 45 45

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 34 35

25 Salt; sulfur; earths & stone; plaster, lime, and cement . . . . . . 1 58 47 106

26 Ores, slag and ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 193 73 267

27 Mineral fuels, oils, waxes; bituminous substances . . . . . . . . . 3 98 1,230 1,331

28 Inorganic chemicals; compounds of precious metals, rare-

 earth metals, or radioactive elements or isotopes ....... 24 49 114 187

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 289 1,327 1,619

30 Pharmaceutical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 14 858 873

31 Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 242 245

32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins; dyes, pigments, other

 coloring matter; paints & varnishes; putty; inks . . . . . . . . . 28 18 243 289

33 Essential oils; perfume; cosmetic/ toilet preparations . . . . . . . 1 6 357 364

34 Soap; lubricating products; waxes; polishing/scouring

 products; candles; modeling pastes; dental plaster ...... 2 5 72 79

35 Albumoidal substances; starches; glues; enzymes . . . . . . . . . 13 5 121 139

36 Explosives; fireworks; matches; combustible prep . . . . . . . . . 14 2 12 28

37 Photographic or cinematographic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 29 91 141

38 Miscellaneous chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 35 411 458

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 172 848 1,418

40 Rubber and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 124 483 663

41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather . . . . . . 139 56 66 261

42 Leather articles; saddlery; travel goods; handbags . . . . . . . . . 31 3 137 171

43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof ........... 1 0 2 3

44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 33 277 334
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-7

Table C-3—Continued

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

45 Cork and articles of cork ............................. 0 1 5 6

46 Manufactures of straw; basketware and wickerwork ........ 0 0 3 3

47 Wood pulp; waste and scrap paper and paperboard . . . . . . . 0 1 58 59

48 Paper & paperboard; articles of pulp, paper, paperbd . . . . . . 69 16 426 511

49 Printed products, including books, newspapers, plans . . . . . . 21 2 292 315

50 Silk, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof ........... 1 1 6 8

51 Wool & animal hair, yarns & woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . . . 7 40 49 96

52 Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . . . 57 50 71 178

53 Other vegetable textile fibers; yarns and fabrics of such

 vegetable fibers and paper ........................ 1 5 6 12

54 Manmade filaments, including yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . . . 73 189 144 406

55 Manmade staple fibers, incl. yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . . . . 27 68 86 181

56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine,

 cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof ......... 6 8 34 48

57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 16 19

58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace;

 tapestries; trimmings; embroidery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 16 29 64

59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics;

 textile articles suitable for industrial use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 15 55 80

60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 60 51 161

61 Knitted or crocheted apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 20 256 303

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 27 328 393

63 Other textile articles; needlecraft; used clothing . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 29 42

64 Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 191 194

65 Headgear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 25 27

66 Umbrellas, walking sticks, whips, and riding crops . . . . . . . . . 0 0 12 12

67 Articles of feathers and down; artificial flowers; articles

 of human hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 23 24

68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica . . . . . . . 5 9 60 74

69 Ceramic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 28 143 177

70 Glass and glassware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 34 130 300

71 Natural or cultured pearls; precious or semiprecious

 stones; precious-metal and imitation jewelry; coin . . . . . . . 65 5 213 283

72 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 755 686 1,538

73 Articles of iron or steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 215 507 955

74 Copper and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 53 405 546

75 Nickel and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3 16 32

76 Aluminum and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 136 251 428

78 Lead and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 10 14

79 Zinc and articles therof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 0 8 11

80 Tin and articles thereof .............................. 2 0 3 5

81 Other articles of base metals; cermets & articles of . . . . . . . . 4 5 10 19

82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base

 metal; parts thereof of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 13 291 309

83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 126 142 312

84 Machinery and mechanical appliances, including nuclear

 reactors, boilers, computer hardware, & parts . . . . . . . . . . 1,725 2,709 6,779 11,213
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-8

Table C-3—Continued

Mexico's imports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other), from all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

85 Electrical machinery & equipment; sound recorders &

 reproducers; television equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . 7,617 2,506 4,676 14,799

86 Railway locomotives, rolling stock, track fixtures and parts;

 traffic signaling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3 12 52

87 Other vehicles, incl. automobiles, trucks, buses, parts . . . . . . 41 1,597 3,683 5,321

88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 8 56 64

89 Ships, boats and floating structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 9 17 26

90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring,

 checking, precision, or medical instruments, & parts . . . . . 236 273 924 1,433

91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4 137 151

92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories thereof . . . . . . . . 1 0 40 41

93 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof . . . . . . 0 0 11 11

94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, & cushions; lamps &

 lighting fittings; illuminated signs; prefab buildings ....... 19 30 391 440

95 Toys, games & sports equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . . . . 48 7 395 450

96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5 140 160

97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques ............. 0 2 4 6

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,695 10,339 32,007 54,041

 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 46 244 589

 Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,994 10,385 32,251 54,630

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-9

Table C-4

Total imports into Mexico under Temporary Import Programs (Maquiladora and Program for

Temporary Importation to Manufacture Exported Products), by leading sources, 1998-2001

Source 1998 1999 2000 2001

Percentage of

total in 2001

----------------------------Millions dollars-------------------------

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,867 65,221 78,933 65,376 74

Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,288 2,637 3,581 5,214 6

Korea, South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,229 2,004 2,671 2,321 3

Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 796 837 1,116 2,068 2

China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 741 1,084 1,744 2

Malaysia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 692 950 1,559 2

Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 632 908 1,409 1,394 2

Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 317 341 812 1

Philippines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 317 523 732 1

Thailand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 239 344 416 0

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,251 5,554 6,728 6,119 7

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,016 79,467 97,680 87,755 100

 1

 Less than 0.5 percent.

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-10

Table C-5

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other) to the United States in 2001

(Million U. S. Dollars)

Mexico’s exports to the

United States U.S. imports

 from Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

01 Live animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 419 419 410

02 Meat and edible offal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 47 152 199 16

03 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 265 247 527 457

04 Dairy produce; eggs; honey; edible animal products . . . . 0 3 8 11 13

05 Other products of animal origin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 4 11 25

06 Live trees & plants; cut flowers & ornamental foliage . . . . 0 16 26 42 46

07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers . . . . . . . . 50 1,183 1,034 2,267 1,790

08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons . . . . . . 0 316 383 699 735

09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 51 116 167 182

10 Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 5 5 8

11 Milling products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten . . . . 3 0 8 11 9

12 Oil seeds & oleaginous fruits; misc. grains, seeds, &

 fruits; industrial or medicinal plants; straw & fodder . . . 0 4 41 45 28

13 Lac; gums; resins & other vegetable saps & extracts . . . . 0 8 9 17 23

14 Vegetable plaiting materials & veg. products, nesoi . . . . . 0 1 15 16 24

15 Animal or vegetable fats, oils, & waxes; edible fats . . . . . 2 1 24 27 27

16 Edible preparations of meat, fish, or seafood . . . . . . . . . . 12 25 38 75 48

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 62 99 211 205

18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 21 18 45 38

19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch, or milk . . . . . . . . . . 13 46 120 179 181

20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, parts of plants . . . 37 54 153 244 286

21 Miscellaneous edible preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 49 128 205 143

22 Beverages, spirits, and vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 912 434 1,384 1,396

23 Residues, waste of the food industries; animal feed . . . . . 1 0 17 18 7

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes . . . . . . . . 0 9 17 26 15

25 Salt; sulfur; earths & stone; plaster, lime, and cement . . . 0 6 178 184 165

26 Ores, slag and ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 27 26 53 35

27 Mineral fuels, oils, waxes; bituminous substances . . . . . . 0 386 9,176 9,562 10,213

28 Inorganic chemicals; compounds of precious metals, rare- 

 earth metals, or radioactive elements or isotopes . . . . 35 114 78 227 236

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 161 124 290 313

30 Pharmaceutical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 26 39 183 108

31 Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 75 4 79 9

32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins; dyes, pigments,

 other coloring matter; paints & varnishes; putty; inks . . 231 33 67 331 104

33 Essential oils; perfume; cosmetic/ toilet preparations . . . . 31 27 69 127 67

34 Soap; lubricating products; waxes; polishing/scouring

 products; candles; modeling pastes; dental plaster . . . 17 46 232 295 238

35 Albumoidal substances; starches; glues; enzymes . . . . . . 2 2 13 17 12

36 Explosives; fireworks; matches; combustible prep . . . . . . 13 0 11 24 22

37 Photographic or cinematographic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 230 6 247 208

38 Miscellaneous chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 70 72 203 220

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,546 591 273 2,410 1,240
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-11

Table C-5—Continued

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other) to the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. Dollars)

Mexico’s exports to the

United States U.S. imports

from Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

40 Rubber and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 246 125 589 541

41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather . . . 134 43 34 211 68

42 Leather articles; saddlery; travel goods; handbags . . . . . . 135 48 24 207 166

43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof ........ 2 0 1 3 2

44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 88 100 376 314

45 Cork and articles of cork .......................... 2 0 3 5 1

46 Manufactures of straw; basketware and wickerwork ..... 0 0 2 2 1

47 Wood pulp; waste and scrap paper and paperboard . . . . 24 1 3 28 4

48 Paper & paperboard; articles of pulp, paper, paperbd . . . 396 177 203 776 520

49 Printed products, including books, newspapers, plans . . . 156 6 40 202 159

50 Silk, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof ........ 0 0 0 0 0

51 Wool & animal hair, yarns & woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . 18 12 19 49 45

52 Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . 60 54 92 206 170

53 Other vegetable textile fibers; yarns and fabrics of such

 vegetable fibers and paper ..................... 1 1 1 3 2

54 Manmade filaments, including yarns & woven fabrics . . . . 74 121 118 313 226

55 Manmade staple fibers, incl. yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . 24 82 58 164 139

56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine,

 cordage, ropes and cables and articles thereof . . . . . 40 60 26 126 132

57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 8 7 28 15

58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace;

 tapestries; trimmings; embroidery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 3 19 96 39

59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics;

 textile articles suitable for industrial use . . . . . . . . . . . 31 7 11 49 46

60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 51 24 95 83

61 Knitted or crocheted apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,117 840 84 3,041 3,356

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,185 1,140 74 4,399 4,672

63 Other textile articles; needlecraft; used clothing . . . . . . . . 510 121 84 715 666

64 Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 112 95 333 312

65 Headgear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 8 15 60 54

66 Umbrellas, walking sticks, whips, and riding crops ...... 3 2 0 5 2

67 Articles of feathers and down; artificial flowers; articles

 of human hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 0 1 4 2

68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica . . . . 161 45 153 359 286

69 Ceramic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 233 175 512 440

70 Glass and glassware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 345 258 846 769

71 Natural or cultured pearls; precious or semiprecious

 stones; precious-metal and imitation jewelry; coin . . . . 267 100 307 674 489

72 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 578 103 795 801

73 Articles of iron or steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,024 749 255 2,028 1,545

74 Copper and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 249 367 753 665

75 Nickel and articles thereof......................... 5 3 0 8 6

76 Aluminum and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 80 94 439 319
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-12

Table C-5—Continued

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other) to the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

Mexico’s exports to the

United States U.S. imports

from Mexico:

HS no. HS categories General

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

78 Lead and articles thereof ......................... 0 6 1 7 8

79 Zinc and articles therof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 100 40 151 177

80 Tin and articles thereof ........................... 0 1 1 2 2

81 Other articles of base metals; cermets & articles of . . . . . 1 8 1 10 10

82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base

 metal; parts thereof of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 126 24 708 239

83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,001 206 76 1,283 814

84 Machinery and mechanical appliances, including nuclear 

 reactors, boilers, computer hardware, & parts . . . . . . . 12,226 7,858 705 20,789 18,217

85 Electrical machinery & equipment; sound recorders &

 reproducers; television equip.; parts & accessories . . . 37,809 3,442 519 41,770 33,409

86 Railway locomotives, rolling stock, track fixtures and

 parts; traffic signaling equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 163 16 515 274

87 Other vehicles, incl. automobiles, trucks, buses, parts . . . 3,612 21,206 284 25,102 26,277

88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 258 66 363 53

89 Ships, boats and floating structures ................. 2 3 3 8 1

90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring,

 checking, precision, or medical instruments, & parts . . 3,565 1,103 95 4,763 4,696

91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 4 2 117 61

92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories thereof . . . . . 73 0 1 74 67

93 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof . . . 5 14 2 21 22

94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, & cushions; lamps &

 lighting fittings; illuminated signs; prefab buildings . . . 3,089 713 251 4,053 3,914

95 Toys, games & sports equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . 520 80 19 619 779

96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 73 44 367 285

97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques . . . . . . . . . . 2 0 7 9 33

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,450 45,847 19,015 140,312 125,697

 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 62 63 5,737

 Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,450 45,848 19,077 140,375 131,434

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-13

Table C-6

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported Products (PITEX), and other) to all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

01 Live animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 1 1

02 Meat and edible offal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 8 15

03 Fish and seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 9 57 66

04 Dairy produce; eggs; honey; edible animal products . . . . . . . . . 0 43 25 68

05 Other products of animal origin .......................... 0 0 1 1

06 Live trees & plants; cut flowers & ornamental foliage . . . . . . . . . 0 1 9 10

07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 136 139

08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons . . . . . . . . . . . 0 30 64 94

09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 47 79 126

10 Cereals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 77 77

11 Milling products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten . . . . . . . . . 0 1 15 16

12 Oil seeds & oleaginous fruits; misc. grains, seeds, & fruits;

 industrial or medicinal plants; straw & fodder . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 17 17

13 Lac; gums; resins & other vegetable saps & extracts . . . . . . . . . 0 19 8 27

14 Vegetable plaiting materials & veg. products, nesoi . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 9 10

15 Animal or vegetable fats, oils, & waxes; edible fats . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 8 13

16 Edible preparations of meat, fish, or seafood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 14 16 31

17 Sugars and sugar confectionery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 31 32 64

18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations .......................... 0 4 3 7

19 Preparations of cereals, flour, starch, or milk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 51 43 94

20 Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, parts of plants . . . . . . . . 0 16 34 50

21 Miscellaneous edible preparations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 43 103 148

22 Beverages, spirits, and vinegar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 148 131 279

23 Residues, waste of the food industries; animal feed . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 16 16

24 Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 33 4 37

25 Salt; sulfur; earths & stone; plaster, lime, and cement . . . . . . . . 0 1 115 116

26 Ores, slag and ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 32 99 131

27 Mineral fuels, oils, waxes; bituminous substances . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 3,071 3,071

28 Inorganic chemicals; compounds of precious metals, rare-earth

 metals, or radioactive elements or isotopes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 81 73 159

29 Organic chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 544 220 764

30 Pharmaceutical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 145 559 704

31 Fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 15 11 26

32 Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins; dyes, pigments, other

 coloring matter; paints & varnishes; putty; inks . . . . . . . . . . . 5 183 60 248

33 Essential oils; perfume; cosmetic/ toilet preparations . . . . . . . . . 1 22 326 349

34 Soap; lubricating products; waxes; polishing/scouring products;

 candles; modeling pastes; dental plaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 17 150 167

35 Albumoidal substances; starches; glues; enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 16 22

36 Explosives; fireworks; matches; combustible prep . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 4 4

37 Photographic or cinematographic goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 87 9 96

38 Miscellaneous chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 60 65 127

39 Plastics and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 236 279 534

40 Rubber and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 32 29 61

41 Raw hides and skins (other than furskins) and leather . . . . . . . . 11 26 8 45

42 Leather articles; saddlery; travel goods; handbags . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1 7 15

43 Furskins and artificial fur; manufactures thereof ............. 0 0 0 0

44 Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 11 14
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-14

Table C-6—Continued

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported products (PITEX), and other) to all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

45 Cork and articles of cork ............................... 0 0 0 0

46 Manufactures of straw; basketware and wickerwork .......... 0 0 0 0

47 Wood pulp; waste and scrap paper and paperboard ......... 0 0 0 0

48 Paper & paperboard; articles of pulp, paper, paperbd . . . . . . . . 4 35 139 178

49 Printed products, including books, newspapers, plans . . . . . . . . 0 3 93 96

50 Silk, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof ............. 0 0 0 0

51 Wool & animal hair, yarns & woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . . . . . 0 4 7 11

52 Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7 46 75

53 Other vegetable textile fibers; yarns and fabrics of such

 vegetable fibers and paper .......................... 0 0 0 0

54 Manmade filaments, including yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . . . . . 0 67 57 124

55 Manmade staple fibers, incl. yarns & woven fabrics . . . . . . . . . . 0 62 73 135

56 Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine, cordage,

 ropes and cables and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 13 20 33

57 Carpets and other textile floor coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 20 8 28

58 Special woven fabrics; tufted textile fabrics; lace; tapestries;

 trimmings; embroidery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 20 23

59 Impregnated, coated, covered or laminated textile fabrics; textile

 articles suitable for industrial use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 30 35

60 Knitted or crocheted fabrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 2 7

61 Knitted or crocheted apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 55 21 244

62 Woven apparel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 39 27 147

63 Other textile articles; needlecraft; used clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 10 13 23

64 Footwear and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 3 20 23

65 Headgear and parts .................................. 0 0 3 3

66 Umbrellas, walking sticks, whips, and riding crops ........... 0 0 0 0

67 Articles of feathers and down; artificial flowers; articles of

 human hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 0 0 0

68 Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica . . . . . . . . . 0 4 25 29

69 Ceramic products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 17 37 54

70 Glass and glassware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 52 63 116

71 Natural or cultured pearls; precious or semiprecious stones;

 precious-metal and imitation jewelry; coin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 23 112 136

72 Iron and steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 180 31 212

73 Articles of iron or steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 161 104 268

74 Copper and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 12 28 40

75 Nickel and articles thereof.............................. 0 0 0 0

76 Aluminum and articles thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 29 58 89

78 Lead and articles thereof .............................. 1 1 3 5

79 Zinc and articles therof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 20 7 27

80 Tin and articles thereof ................................ 0 0 0 0

81 Other articles of base metals; cermets & articles of . . . . . . . . . . 0 5 0 5

82 Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal;

 parts thereof of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 27 35 63

83 Miscellaneous articles of base metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 19 35 55

84 Machinery and mechanical appliances, including nuclear

 reactors, boilers, computer hardware, & parts . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 2,256 318 2,885
JULY 2002

Industry Trade and Technology Review Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data)

C-15

Table C-6—Continued

Mexico's exports (Maquiladora Program, Program for Temporary Importation to Manufacture

Exported products (PITEX, and other) to all countries except the United States in 2001

(Million U.S. Dollars)

HS no. HS categories

Maquiladora PITEX Other Total

85 Electrical machinery & equipment; sound recorders &

 reproducers; television equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . . . 540 650 296 1,486

86 Railway locomotives, rolling stock, track fixtures and parts;

 traffic signaling equipment ........................... 0 3 13 16

87 Other vehicles, incl. automobiles, trucks, buses, parts . . . . . . . . 29 2,681 105 2,815

88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 8 13 21

89 Ships, boats and floating structures ...................... 0 0 1 1

90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic, measuring, checking,

 precision, or medical instruments, & parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 183 54 262

91 Clocks and watches and parts thereof .................... 0 7 2 9

92 Musical instruments; parts and accessories thereof .......... 2 0 0 2

93 Arms and ammunition; parts and accessories thereof ........ 0 0 1 1

94 Furniture; bedding, mattresses, & cushions; lamps & lighting

 fittings; illuminated signs; prefab buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 42 53 101

95 Toys, games & sports equip.; parts & accessories . . . . . . . . . . . 134 28 9 171

96 Miscellaneous manufactured articles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 9 25 34

97 Works of art, collectors’ pieces and antiques ............... 0 0 1 1

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,390 8,742 8,016 18,148

 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 1 25 26

 Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,390 8,743 8,041 18,174

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.
JULY 2002

Production Sharing Tables (Mexican Data) Industry Trade and Technology Review

C-16

Table C-7

Total exports from Mexico under Temporary Import Programs (Maquiladora and Program for

Temporary Importation to Manufacture Exported Products), by leading markets, 1998-2001

 Percentage of

Source 1998 1999 2000 2001 total in 2001

--------------------------------Million dollars--------------------

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88,951 105,024 126,794 121,294 92

Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,215 2,002 2,840 2,611 2

United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 336 349 425 (1

)

Korea, South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 436 524 416 (1

)

Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 120 154 263 (1

)

Ireland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 461 181 217 (1

)

Cayman Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 56 104 175 (1

)

Honduras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 102 133 128 (1

)

Dominican Republic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 73 121 96 (1

)

Singapore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 191 110 88 (1

)

All other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,076 6,013 5,941 5,716 4

 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,519 114,814 137,251 131,429 100

 1

 Less than 0.5 percent.

Source: Compiled from “World Trade Atlas: Mexico Edition, December 2001, “ which used data provided by INEGI,

the statistical agency of the Government of Mexico.