<PAGE>


                                 STATE OF OHIO
                        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                           CHANGE ORDER FOR ASM 2525

<PAGE>

                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

<TABLE>
<S>                                                                          <C>
1.   DEFINITIONS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
  A.   APPENDIX 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
2.   ZONE 4, 1, AND 2 CONTRACTS, RFP, RRFP, AND OTHER AGREEMENTS  . . . . . .  1
  A.   Separate Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
  B.   ZONE 4 CONTRACT STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED
  CONTRACT FOR SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
  C.   ZONE 1 CONTRACT STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED
  CONTRACT FOR SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
  D.   ZONE 2 CONTRACT STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED
  CONTRACT FOR SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
  E.   ZONE 4 ZONE 1 AND ZONE 2 CONTRACTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
  F.   REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL ("RFP") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
  G.   RESPONSE OR CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSE TO THE REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL 
       ("RRFP") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
  H.   OTHER AGREEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
3.   ASM 2525 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
  A.   CONTRACTOR'S PERFORMANCE AND CHANGE ORDER  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
  B.   TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR QUICK TEST AND ASM 2525 . . . . . . . . .  4
    1.  GUIDANCE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
    2.  DRAFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
    3.  FINAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
  C.   IMPLEMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    1.  PHASE 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    2.  PHASE 11  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
  D.   ASM 2525 PLANS AND FINAL REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    1.  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    2.  SCHEDULE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
  E.   OEPA CHANGE ORDER PAYMENT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    1.  CONTRACTOR PAYMENT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
    2.  CHANGE ORDER COST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
    3.  OEPA REIMBURSEMENT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
4.  SECTION 2: OVERVIEW OF INSPECTION SYSTEM  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
5.  SECTION 5: INSPECTION SYSTEM NETWORK  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
6.  SECTION 6: STATION SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS  . . . . . . . . . . .  7
7.  SECTION 7: OPERATING AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS  . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
8.  SECTION 8: EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
9.  SECTION 9: INSPECTION PROCEDURES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
10. SECTION 10: DATA ACQUISITION SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
11. SECTION 11: PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING
REQUIREMENTS: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
12. SECTION 12: COMPUTER SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
13. SECTION 13: GENERAL PROVISIONS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9


                                       i

<PAGE>
<S>                                                                          <C>
APPENDIX 1  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
INDEX OF EXHIBITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
EXHIBIT A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
EXHIBIT 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
A. Functional Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
B. Equipment Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
  1. Sample Conditioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
  2. Exhaust Gas Analyzers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
  3. Flow Controller  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
  4. Standard Gas Unit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
  5. Chassis Dynamometer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
  6. Diesel Opacity Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
  7. System Down  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
  8. Exhaust Evacuation System  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
  9. Each test facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
 10. Each test lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
 11.  A Gas Cap Leak Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
C. General System Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
D. Quality Assurance and Control Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
E. System Acceptance Test Procedures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
F. Maintenance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
G. System Calibration Surveillance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
H. Equipment Requirements for an Enhanced ASM Program . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
EXHIBIT C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
A. Pre-Emissions Visual Safety Compliance Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
B. Test Vehicle Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
C. Tampering Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
D. Steady-State, Loaded Mode "Quick Test" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
  1. General requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
   a. Exhaust gas-sampling algorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
   b. Pass/fail determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
   c. Void test conditions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
   d. Multiple exhaust pipes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
   e. The test  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
  2. Test sequence -"Quick Test". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
  3. Overall test procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
E. Enhanced ASM 2525 Transient Test Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
F. Gas Cap Pressurization Test Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
G. Diesel Opacity Inspection Procedure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
  1. Light Duty Diesel Vehicle Opacity Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
H. Post-Test Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
  1. Passed Vehicles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
  2. Failed Vehicles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
I. The Vehicle Inspection Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35


                                       ii

<PAGE>
<S>                                                                          <C>
J. Vehicle Repair Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
K. Waiver Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
L. Hardship Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
M. Repair Spending Cap  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
N. Appeals  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
0. Recalls  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
EXHIBIT D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
A. Data Storage and Handling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
B. Data Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
  1. Date of Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
  2. Inspection Start and Completion Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
  3. Vehicle Identification and Owner Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
   a. The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   b. The License Plate Number  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   c. Vehicle Make  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   d. Model Year  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   e. Number of Cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   f. Fuel Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   g. Vehicle Net Weight  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   h. Registration Expiration Date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  4. Inspection/Reinspection Indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  5. Odometer Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  6. Date of Initial Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  7. Inspector Identification Number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  8. HC, CO, and NO Emission Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
  9. Diesel Opacity Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
 10. Tampering Inspection Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
 11. Pass/Fail Codes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
 12. Overall Pass/Fail Decision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
 13. Certificate Status Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
 14. Certificate Expiration Date  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
 15. Other Data Fields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
 16. Certificate Identification Number. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
 17. BARCODE Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
C. Vehicle Inspection Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
D. Inspection Data Analysis and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
  1. Required Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
  2. Additional Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
  3. Report Deadlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
  4. Reporting of Inspection Results/Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
  5.  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
E. Recall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
EXHIBIT E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
A. Data and Documentation Expectations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
B. Documentation of System Changes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55


                                      iii

<PAGE>
<S>                                                                          <C>
C. Off-Site Data Repository . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
EXHIBIT F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
A. Host Computer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
B. System Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
C. System Computers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
EXHIBIT G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
EXHIBIT H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

</TABLE>

                                       iv


<PAGE>

                                 STATE OF OHIO
                        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                 CHANGE ORDER


     THIS CHANGE ORDER FOR SERVICES ("Change Order") issued by the Ohio 
Environmental Protection Agency ("OEPA"), by its Director to Envirotest 
Systems Corp. ("Contractor") changes and restates (1) a contract for services 
between the parties for an automobile inspection and maintenance program in 
Cuyahoga County dated April 25, 1995, ("Zone 4 Contract"); (2) an amended 
contract for services between the parties for Summit, Portage, Medina, Lake, 
Lorain, and Geauga Counties dated April 25, 1995, ("Zone 1 Contract"); and 
(3) a contract for services between the parties for Montgomery, Clark, and 
Greene Counties dated October 24, 1994, ("Zone 2 Contract").

1.   DEFINITIONS

     A.  APPENDIX 1.  The terms used in this Change Order are defined in
         Appendix 1.

2.   ZONE 4, 1, AND 2 CONTRACTS, RFP, RRFP, AND OTHER AGREEMENTS

     The Contractor acknowledges that it has read the Contract Documents, 
understands them and agrees to be bound by their requirements, terms and 
conditions and further agrees that the Contract Documents, as defined herein, 
is the complete and exclusive statement of the Contract between the parties 
and supersedes all proposals, oral or written, and all other communications 
between the parties relating to the subject matter of the Contract.  The 
Contract Documents, unless otherwise provided herein, can only be modified in 
writing, signed by the Contractor and OEPA.

     A.  Separate Contracts

         This Change Order incorporates changes OEPA has made to the 
Contractor's performance and operation requirements under the Zone 4, Zone 1, 
and Zone 2 Contracts.  The parties affirm that, as restated and changed by 
this Change Order, that the Zone 4, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Contracts, as modified 
herein, remain separate and severable agreements between the parties.

     B.  ZONE 4 CONTRACT
         STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED CONTRACT FOR
         SERVICES

         This Restated Contract is entered into by and between Envirotest 
Systems Corp. of Sunnyvale, California ("Contractor") and the Ohio 
Environmental Protection Agency ("OEPA") on the date of execution by the 
Director of OEPA, for Contractor to operate an automobile inspection and 
maintenance program in Cuyahoga County in 

<PAGE>

accordance with the terms, conditions and provisions set forth in the 
Contract.

         In accordance with the terms, conditions and provisions of the 
Contract documents, Contractor shall perform an "enhanced motor vehicle 
inspection and maintenance program" or an "enhanced program" as defined under 
Ohio Rev. Code Section 3704.14(A)(5) that includes an alternative enhanced 
emissions test procedure defined as the "ASM 2525 test" on all applicable 
vehicles in Cuyahoga County for the remaining term of this Contract which 
provides for vehicle testing to commence on January 2, 1996.  The term of 
this Contract shall end on December 31, 2005, unless earlier terminated 
pursuant to the terms, conditions and provisions of this Contract; or if 
otherwise extended at the discretion of the OEPA.

         All test facilities shall be open for fifty-five (55) hours a week, 
fifty-two (52) weeks a year except as exempted pursuant to the Holiday 
Schedule.  Hours of operation shall be 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, and 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Saturday.

     C.  ZONE 1 CONTRACT
         STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED CONTRACT FOR
         SERVICES

         This Contract is entered into by and between Envirotest Systems 
Corp. of Sunnyvale, California ("Contractor"), and the Ohio Environmental 
Protection Agency ("OEPA") on the date of execution by the Director of OEPA, 
for Contractor to operate an automobile inspection and maintenance program in 
Summit, Portage, Medina, Lake, Lorain and Geauga Counties in accordance with 
the terms, conditions and provisions set forth in the Contract.

         In accordance with the terms, conditions and provisions of the 
Contract documents, Contractor shall perform an "enhanced motor vehicle 
inspection and maintenance program" or an "enhanced program" as defined under 
Ohio Rev. Code Section 3704.14(A)(5) that includes an alternative enhanced 
emissions test procedure defined as the "ASM 2525 test" on all applicable 
vehicles in the designated counties for the remaining term of this Contract 
which provides for vehicle testing to commence on January 2, 1996.  The term 
of this Contract shall end on December 31, 2005, unless earlier terminated 
pursuant to the terms, conditions and provisions of this Change Order; or if 
otherwise extended at the discretion of the OEPA.

         All test facilities shall be open for fifty-five (55) hours a week, 
fifty-two (52) weeks a year except as exempted pursuant to the Holiday 
Schedule.  Hours of operation shall be 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, and 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Saturday.

     D.  ZONE 2 CONTRACT
         STATE OF OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESTATED CONTRACT FOR
         SERVICES


                                       2

<PAGE>

         This Contract is entered into by and between Envirotest Systems 
Corp. of Sunnyvale, California ("Contractor") and the Ohio Environmental 
Protection Agency ("OEPA") on the date of execution by the Director of OEPA, 
for Contractor to operate an automobile inspection and maintenance program in 
Montgomery, Clark and Greene counties in accordance with the terms, conditions 
and provisions set forth in the Contract.

         In accordance with the terms, conditions and provisions of the 
Contract documents, Envirotest shall perform an "enhanced motor vehicle 
inspection and maintenance program" or an "enhanced program" as defined under 
Ohio Rev. Code Section 3704.14(A)(5) that includes an alternative enhanced 
emission test procedure defined as the "ASM 2525 test" on all applicable 
vehicles in the designated counties for the remaining term of this Contract 
which provides for vehicle testing to commence on January 2, 1996. The term 
of this Contract shall end on December 31, 2005, unless earlier terminated 
pursuant to the terms, conditions and provisions of this Change Order; or if 
otherwise extended at the discretion of the OEPA.

         All test facilities shall be open for fifty-five (55) hours a week, 
fifty-two (52) weeks a year except as exempted pursuant to the Holiday 
Schedule.  Hours of operation shall be 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Monday through 
Friday, and 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Saturday.

     E.  ZONE 4 ZONE 1 AND ZONE 2 CONTRACTS

         Any provisions in the Zone 4, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Contracts which 
either (i) no longer have prospective application, (ii) are no longer 
applicable, or (iii) are inconsistent with this Change Order shall be 
disregarded as superseded by this Change Order.

     F.  REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL ("RFP")

         Any RFP provisions which either (i) no longer have prospective 
application, (ii) are no longer applicable, or (iii) are inconsistent with 
this Change Order shall be disregarded as superseded by this Change Order.

     G.  RESPONSE OR CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSE TO THE REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL ("RRFP")

         Any RRFP provisions which either (i) no longer have prospective 
application, (ii) are no longer applicable, or (iii) are inconsistent with 
this Change Order shall be disregarded as superseded by this Change Order.

     H.  OTHER AGREEMENTS

         Any provisions which either (i) no longer have prospective 
application, (ii) are no longer applicable, or (iii) are inconsistent with 
this Change Order shall be disregarded as superseded by this Change Order.


                                       3

<PAGE>

3.   ASM 2525

     A.  CONTRACTOR'S PERFORMANCE AND CHANGE ORDER.  Subject to the terms and 
conditions of this Change Order, the Contractor shall undertake to perform 
the ASM 2525 test following the schedule in Paragraph 3.C. as implemented 
pursuant to the ASM 2525 Conversion Implementation Plan described in 
Paragraph 3.D. on all vehicles for the remainder of the term of the Change 
Order unless a vehicle is exempt from testing under the existing Ohio motor 
vehicle emission inspection and maintenance program, as codified at Ohio Rev. 
Code Section 3704.14.

     B.  TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST.

         1.  GUIDANCE.  The Contractor shall prepare a draft outline of the 
initial technical specifications document in response to Exhibit B through 
Exhibit F for conversion to ASM 2525 guided by the parties' current 
procedures for conducting the Quick Test and the single mode ASM 2525 test 
procedure as specified in Section 85.2(d)(2) of the U.S. EPA ASM 2525 
document and provide it within forty-five (45) Days of the effective date of 
this Change Order to OEPA for its review and approval.  OEPA's review and 
approval shall include the ability to provide comments regarding the 
deficiencies in the work product submitted by the Contractor, including any 
inadequacies, errors and/or omissions.

         2.  DRAFT.  The OEPA shall provide written comments and proposed 
modifications to the initial outline of the technical specifications document 
within fourteen (14) Business Days of receipt.  The Contractor shall submit a 
draft of the technical specifications document to OEPA for its approval 
within ten (10) Business Days of receiving OEPA's written comments and 
proposed modifications.  The OEPA shall provide written comments and proposed 
modifications to the draft technical specifications document within ten (10) 
Business Days of receipt.

         3.  FINAL.  The Contractor shall submit a final version of the 
technical specifications document, which technical specification shall 
include Contractor's response to Exhibits B through F, to OEPA for its 
approval within ten (10) Business Days of receiving OEPA's written comments 
and proposed modifications to the draft technical specifications document, 
which final document shall include any modifications the parties reasonably 
agree to.  OEPA may indicate its approval of the final technical 
specifications document within ten (10) Business Days from the date of its 
receipt by signing the submitted technical specifications document and 
returning it to the Contractor, or OEPA will provide additional comments 
regarding the final version for the Contractor's consideration.  In the event 
the Parties cannot agree on a final version of the document, the Director of 
OEPA shall make a final decision regarding the content of technical 
specifications document within ten (10) Business Days of the Parties 
submission to the Director of a request for dispute resolution.  Upon the 
Contractor's receipt and signature of the final approved technical 
specification document it shall become incorporated as a part of the Change 
Order.


                                       4

<PAGE>

     C.  IMPLEMENTATION.  The implementation of the changes in emission tests 
contemplated by this Change Order will proceed in two phases as follows:

         1.  PHASE I:  Within fifteen (15) Days from the effective date of 
this Change Order or July 1, 1998, whichever date is later, the Contractor 
shall conduct the Quick Test in place of the I/M 240 test.

         2.  PHASE II:  The Contractor shall commence the ASM 2525 within 242 
days from the date the final technical specifications for ASM 2525, as 
referenced in Paragraph 3.B.3., are approved by OEPA, which technical 
specification shall include approved Contractor's response to Exhibits B 
through F.

     D.  ASM 2525 PLANS AND FINAL REPORTS

         1.  The phased implementation of the ASM 2525 test will require 
the following additional plans and reports to be determined in good faith by 
the parties and approved by OEPA after the effective date of this Change 
Order:

             a.  Maintenance and System Calibration Plan;

             b.  Vehicle Repair, Rejection and Inspection Reports;

             c.  Public Information Plan;

             d.  ASM 2525 Conversion Implementation Plan; and

             e.  ASM 2525 Training Plan;

             f.  Ohio Data Specification;

             g.  Compatibility Specification;

             h.  Functionality Specification; and

             i.  Acceptance Test Procedures.

         2.  SCHEDULE.  Within sixty (60) Days after the effective date of 
this Change Order or September 1, 1998, whichever date is earlier, the 
parties shall agree to a schedule of dates by which Contractor shall submit 
outlines, draft, and final plans for the required plans and reports listed 
under Paragraph 3.D.1. for OEPA's approval, in accordance with the guidance, 
review and approval procedure described in Paragraph 3.B.

     E.  OEPA CHANGE ORDER PAYMENT.

         1.  CONTRACTOR PAYMENT.  Contractor shall pay, accrue or otherwise 
incur 


                                       5

<PAGE>

the direct and indirect cost to upgrade testing equipment and
change the performance and operation requirements as described in
Paragraphs 1 through 13 of this Change Order ("Change Order
Cost").

         2.  CHANGE ORDER COST.  The agreement of the Contractor and
OEPA as to the amount of the Change Order Cost to be incurred
from fifteen (15) days from the effective date of this Change
Order, or July 1, 1998 whichever is later, is contained in the
document entitled "OEPA Change Order Cost" attached as Exhibit H.

         3.  OEPA REIMBURSEMENT.  OEPA shall reimburse Contractor at
the end of each calendar month, with the first reimbursement to
be paid on July 30, 1998, pursuant to invoices (including, where
appropriate, sub-contractor invoices for equipment) submitted to
OEPA by the Contractor by the second week of each month.  The
Contractor shall provide a final accounting within thirty (30)
days after receipt of final payment from OEPA.

4.    SECTION 2: OVERVIEW OF INSPECTION SYSTEM

      A.  Section 2.A.9 shall state as follows: "The OEPA will monitor
the Contractor lanes using the 'Maintenance and System Calibration
Plan' for compliance with state and federal laws, regulations and
procedures.  OEPA will monitor the Contractor for compliance with
test methods, hardware and software.  Audits will include
monitoring the inspectors employed by the Contractor.  Monitoring
will consist of overt and covert checks as prescribed by the
'Maintenance and System Calibration Plan.'"


      B.  Section 2.A.11 shall state as follows: "The OEPA enhanced
program, in conjunction with the OBMV, has a registration based
enforcement system that will deny original registrations (new
plates issued to previously registered vehicles) and registration
renewals to those applicants who have failed an emission
inspection unless the applicants have been issued a waiver or a
permanent exemption.  The registration renewal application, sent
by OBMV forty-five (45) days prior to registration expiration,
will notify motorists in affected counties that an emission
inspection is required.  All motorists shall also receive a
notice of the inspection requirement from the Contractor sixty
(60) days prior to registration expiration date in the year they
are required to test under a biennial program.   Notices are to
be sent in this fashion for the term of the Change Order."




5.    SECTION 5: INSPECTION SYSTEM NETWORK

      A.   The third and fourth paragraphs of Section 5.B.6 titled
"Zone #1 (Akron-Cleveland)" and "Zone #2 (Dayton-Springfield)"
shall be replaced with the information contained on the document
entitled "Ohio ASM 2525 Network Design" attached to this Change
Order as Exhibit G.

                                    6

<PAGE>

      B.   The second sentence of Section 5.B.8.a. shall be replaced
with the following: "The Contractor guarantees a maximum daily
average waiting time for each station not to exceed fifteen (15)
minutes."

      C.   Section 5.C.1 shall state as follows: "All test facilities
shall be open for fifty-five (55) hours a week, fifty-two (52)
weeks a year except as exempted pursuant to the Holiday Schedule.
Hours of operation shall be 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., Monday
through Friday, and 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. on Saturday."

      D.   Section 5.D shall state as follows: Holiday Schedule and Station
Closure 

          Test stations shall be closed on the following holidays:

          1.     NEW YEAR'S DAY
          2.     MEMORIAL DAY
          3.     INDEPENDENCE DAY
          4.     LABOR DAY
          5.     THANKSGIVING DAY
          6.     CHRISTMAS DAY
          7.     MARTIN LUTHER KING DAY
          8.     PRESIDENTS' DAY
          9.     COLUMBUS DAY
         10.     VETERANS' DAY

      No later than December 1 of each calendar year the Contractor
shall provide a holiday schedule to OEPA.  The parties shall
agree in advance to the holiday schedule.   If a deviation from
the above schedule is desired, the change may be made only with
the prior approval of the OEPA.

      The Contractor, in its sole discretion, may close any station
or any lane in the event the Contractor determines that continued
operation of such station or lane presents a health or safety
hazard to the Contractor's employees or to the public.  The OEPA
must be notified within one hour of such closing.

      E.   Section 5.G.5 shall state as follows: "OEPA retains the
right to audit the Contractor's records and record-keeping
procedures to ascertain the number of tests performed by the
Contractor.  OEPA will provide the Contractor with reasonable
time to respond to inquiries regarding record-keeping
discrepancies.  OEPA audits will be performed in conformance with
the 'Maintenance and System Calibration Plan.'"

6.    SECTION 6: STATION SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

      A.  Section 6.C.6 shall state as follows: "One inspection site
selected by the Contractor shall serve as the Contractor's
operations headquarters and maintenance facility and shall
provide approximately eight hundred and fifty (850) square feet
of usable office space for a maximum of five (5) OEPA audit
personnel.  For Zone 2, Contractor will make

                                 7

<PAGE>

                               

available for lease by OEPA for its use approximately eight
hundred and fifty (850) square feet.  This space shall have a
public reception area with a greeting window or counter to
provide security for the office staff.  The public reception area
may be included as part of the testing facility lobby.  The
Contractor shall locate their headquarters for Zone 4, Zone 1 and
Zone 2 in central or northern Summit County.  The Contractor may
cease its use of the existing Zone 2 headquarters and maintenance
facility.  Contractor shall also maintain existing office space
for OEPA employees in Zone 1 and Zone 4".  The remaining language
in Section 6.C.6 is not changed.

7.    SECTION 7: OPERATING AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS

      A.  Section 7.C.1 shall be supplemented by the approved ASM 2525
Training Plan referenced in Paragraph 3.D, which Plan shall
require requisite amount of management and technical training as
approved by OEPA.  Training hours for an inspector shall be
fifty-six (56) hours, with a minimum of sixteen (16) hours in
the classroom and forty (40) hours on the job, provided however,
Contractor shall have the right to provide additional training.

      B.  Section 7.P., fourth sentence beginning "In its Technical
Proposal..." shall be replaced with the following:
"Beginning January 1, 1998 Contractor's public education
budget, on an annual basis, shall not exceed $850,000 a year.
Contractor's budget for conversion is subject to OEPA approval.
Expenses that are a part of that budget that exceed $850,000 in
1998 may be counted toward 1999 expenditures.  Contractor shall
submit by October 1st of each year its public education budget
and proposed activities for the upcoming year for OEPA's review
and approval."

      C.    Section 7.P.1.b. shall state as follows:

         "An inspection notice mailed to each motorist sixty (60) days
prior to his or her registration expiration in the year in which
the motorist is required to test in the biennial enhanced
program.  This mailer shall be published for the extent of the
program.  The Contractor shall be responsible for this mailing
and its costs, but these expenses shall be counted toward the
Contractor's public education expenditures as set forth in Section
7.P.4. OEPA and the Contractor will mutually agree on the mailer's
content and format."

8.    SECTION 8: EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENT

      A.   "ASM 2525 and Quick Test Equipment Requirements", attached as
Exhibit B, and the relevant portions of the documents referenced
in paragraph 3.D.1., replaces Section 8.

9.    SECTION 9: INSPECTION PROCEDURES

      A.   ASM 2525 and Quick Test Inspection Procedures, attached as
Exhibit C, and


                                 8
<PAGE>

the relevant portions of the documents referenced in paragraph 
3.D.1., replaces Section 9.


10.   SECTION 1O: DATA ACQUISITION SPECIFICATIONS

      A.    "ASM 2525 and Quick Test Data Acquisition
Specifications," attached as Exhibit D, and the relevant portions
of the documents referenced in paragraph 3.D.1., replaces Section
10.

11.   SECTION 11:   PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS:

      A.    "ASM 2525 and Quick Test Program Documentation and Reporting
Requirements," attached as Exhibit E, and the relevant portions
of the documents referenced in paragraph 3. D. 1., replaces
Section 11.

12.   SECTION 12: COMPUTER SPECIFICATIONS

      A.    "ASM 2525 and Quick Test Computer Specifications," attached as
Exhibit F, and the relevant portions of the documents referenced in
paragraph 3.D.1., replaces Section 12.

13.   SECTION 13: GENERAL PROVISIONS

      Section 13.W and Section 7.C.5. shall be replaced with the following 
and Section 13.X shall be deleted:
  
            Ownership and Confidentiality of Information and Use of Program
            Assets.

                Title to all reports, information, data, computer data elements
                and non-system software prepared by the Contractor in the
                performance of this Change Order shall vest in the State.
                Subject to applicable state and federal laws and regulations and
                as otherwise provided herein, the State shall have full and
                complete rights to reproduce, duplicate, disclose and otherwise
                use all such information.  Contractor may use the Program and 
                the information derived therefrom for other revenue producing
                activities as long as such activities (1) are approved by OEPA,
                which such approval shall not be unreasonably withheld; (2) such
                activities are legally permissible; (3) do not involve the
                promotion or sale of any automotive repair service or parts; (4)
                adversely affect wait times, throughput and customer convenience
                and service; or (5) otherwise constitute a conflict of interest
                under Section 13, subsection E hereof.  For purposes of this
                paragraph, the OEPA shall be deemed to have approved the
                requested activity if it has not sent notice of disapproval
                within ten (10) business days of receipt of the Contractor's
                written notice requesting such activity.

                                        9
<PAGE>




                              
                In the event of supplantation of the Contractor by the EPA, the
                Contractor shall grant to the EPA a non-exclusive license for 
                the use of the system software for a period covering the 
                remainder of the term contemplated in this Change Order. Any 
                other records or information furnished to the EPA by the 
                Contractor in performance of the Change Order shall be public
                record.

                All records, information and documentation developed in the
                performance of this contract and/or submitted with the proposal
                is subject to O.R.C. 149.43, the public records law, unless
                otherwise provided herein.


       B.    Section 7.J. shall be deleted and Section 13.U. shall be retitled
             "Payment by the Contractor to Ohio EPA's Motor Vehicle Inspection
             and Maintenance Fund" and state as follows: "The Contractor shall
             collect the test fee in the form of cash or check at the time of
             the inspection, except that the Contractor shall provide
             alternative provisions (upon request) for the billing of federal,
             state, and municipally owned vehicles.  The Contractor shall be
             responsible for, and account for all fees collected, and transfer
             the OEPA's portion of the weekly test fees paid from the cash
             collected or checks paid.  OEPA shall reimburse the Contractor
             for all checks returned for insufficient funds, after the
             Contractor has made reasonable efforts to collect such funds.
             The Contractor shall remit by check, payable to the State of
             Ohio, Motor Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Fund, within
             fourteen (14) days of the Monday following the close of the
             previous week OEPA's portion of the test fees. The Contractor
             shall pay a penalty of $1,000 per day for each Business Day the
             payment is late."








                               10


<PAGE>


APPENDIX 1

DEFINITIONS

         "ASM 2525" or the "ASM 2525 TEST," except as otherwise
provided, means the final technical specification document as
described in Paragraph 3.B. and the procedures approved by OEPA
by virtue of the Contractor's demonstration to OEPA pursuant to
the acceptance test procedures contained in the ASM 2525
Conversion Implementation Plan.

         "ASM 2525 CONVERSION IMPLEMENTATION PLAN" means the plan
referenced at Paragraph 3.D.1.d.

         "ASM 2525 TRAINING PLAN" means the plan referenced at Paragraph
3.D.1.e.

         "AUTOMOBILE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM" or "MOTOR
VEHICLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM" means an "ENHANCED
PROGRAM."

         "BUSINESS DAY" means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or
other day on which State of Ohio offices are authorized or
required to close.

         "CHANGE ORDER" means an order issued by the Director of OEPA
to the Contractor without competitive bidding pursuant to Ohio
Rev. Code Section 3704.14 and  Section 153.62.

         "CHANGE ORDER COST" shall be Contractor's actual costs
including wages, labor costs other than wages, wage taxes,
materials, equipment costs and rental, insurance, subcontracts
attributable to this Change Order, plus a reasonable sum for
overhead, not to exceed four million one hundred eighty nine
thousand five hundred and 00/100($4,189,500.00) dollars.

         "CONTRACT DOCUMENTS" consists of this Change Order, Exhibits
A through H of this Change Order, the RFP, the RRFP, the Zone 1
Contract, the Zone 2 Contract and Zone 4 Contract, the Ohio
Revised Code Section 3704.14, and Ohio Administrative Code Chapter 3745-
26.

         "DAY" or "DAYS" means a calendar day.

         "DIRECTOR" the Director of the Ohio Environmental Protection
Agency or an authorized representative.

         "ENHANCED PROGRAM," "EMISSION INSPECTIONS," "ENHANCED MOTOR
VEHICLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM," or "EXCHECK" means
an "enhanced program" as defined under Ohio Rev. Code Section  3704.14
(A)(5) which, after the effective date of this Change Order,
shall be the program, procedures, and operations described in
this Change Order, which shall include the "ASM 2525 TEST" and
"QUICK TEST" as implemented pursuant to Paragraph 3.C.


                               11
<PAGE>


         "EQUIPMENT AUDIT" means the equipment audit described in the
MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION PLAN.

         "EQUIPMENT PREVENTION MAINTENANCE PROGRAM" means the
equipment prevention maintenance program described in the
MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION PLAN.

         "EXTENSION CERTIFICATE" means shall have the same meaning as
set forth in O.A.C. Rule 3745-26-01(M).

         "FACILITY AUDITS" means the OEPA inspections described in the
MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION PLAN.

         "GOOD FAITH" means the parties will use all reasonable
efforts to achieve by mutual agreement the goal, agreement,
resolutions or such other action which requires the performance
of both parties under this Change Order.

         "HOLIDAYS" means the holidays set forth at Section 5 of the
Change Order.

         "I/M 240 TEST PROCEDURE" OR "I/M 240 Test" means the I/M 240
test procedure used by the Contractor prior to this Change Order.

         "INCONSISTENT AND NO LONGER APPLICABLE" means those
provisions, standards or agreements of the existing Zone 4, Zone
1, and Zone 2 Contracts, the RFP, the RRFP, and Other Agreements
that are no longer required upon the implementation of the ASM
2525 test as described in paragraph 3.C or differ from the terms
and conditions at this Change Order.

         "LANE CALIBRATION RECORDS AUDIT" means the records audit
described in the MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION PLAN.

         "MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM CALIBRATION PLAN" shall mean the plan
described in Exhibit B through F and developed and approved in
accordance with Paragraph 3.D.1.a.

         "MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM"
means an ENHANCED PROGRAM.

         "OPERATING RELIABILITY STANDARDS" means the procedures to be
performed by Contractor described in the MAINTENANCE AND SYSTEM
CALIBRATION PLAN.

         "OBMV" means the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles.

         "OTHER AGREEMENTS" means any agreements between the parties
regarding an automobile inspection and maintenance program
entered into or issued by OEPA prior to the effective date of
this Change Order.

         "PARTY" or "THE PARTIES" means Envirotest Systems Corp.
("Contractor") and the


                               12
<PAGE>


Ohio Environmental Protection Agency ("OEPA") as an agency of the
State of Ohio.

         "PUBLIC INFORMATION PLAN" means OEPA's information program to
introduce the ASM 2525 TEST to the public referenced at Paragraph
3.D.1.c.

         "QUICK TEST" shall mean the test set forth in Exhibit C.

         "REQUIRED PLANS AND REPORTS" are the plans and reports
identified in the Change Order to be produced by Contractor
pursuant to Paragraph 3-D.

         "RFP" means OEPA's Request for Proposal dated January 3,
1994, with a stated February 11, 1994 release date, and all
Addenda thereto.

         "RRFP" means the Contractor's response to the RFP and all Addenda 
thereto.

         "STATE" means the State of Ohio.

         "TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST" means
the functional specifications and requirements referred to in
Paragraph 3.B., described in Exhibits B through F (sometimes
referred to as the "Functional Specifications" or "Technical
Specification" document), which shall support the Acceptance Test
Procedures, Ohio Data Specifications and Compatibility
Specifications referenced in Exhibits B through F and the
relevant portions of the documents referenced in paragraph 3. D.1.

         "TEST STATION" means a facility in which the Contractor
performs EMISSION INSPECTIONS.

         "U.S. EPA ASM 2525 TECHNICAL DOCUMENT" or "U.S. EPA ASM 2525
DOCUMENT" means the document entitled "U.S. EPA Acceleration
Simulation Mode Test Procedures, Emission Standards, Quality
Control Requirements, and Equipment Specifications Technical
Guidance" (EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2)" dated July 1996, attached to
this Change Order as Exhibit A.

         "VEHICLE REPAIR, REJECTION AND INSPECTION REPORTS" mean the
reports referenced at Paragraph 3.D.1.b and defined in O.A.C.
Rule 3745-26-01 (II).

         "ZONE 1 CONTRACT" means an amended contract for services
between the parties for Summit, Portage, Medina, Lake, Lorain,
and Geauga Counties dated April 25, 1995.

         "ZONE 2 CONTRACT" means a contract for services between the
parties for Montgomery, Clark, and Greene counties dated October
24, 1994.

         "ZONE 4 CONTRACT" means the contract for services between the
parties for an automobile inspection and maintenance program in
Cuyahoga County dated April 25, 1995.


                                  13
<PAGE>


                       INDEX OF EXHIBITS

A.       U.S. EPA ASM 2525 Document

B.       ASM 2525 and Quick Test Equipment Requirements

C.       ASM 2525 and Quick Test Inspection Procedures

D.       ASM 2525 and Quick Test Data Acquisition Specification

E.       ASM 2525 and Quick Test Documentation and Reporting Requirements

F.       ASM 2525 and Quick Test Computer Specifications

G.       Ohio ASM 2525 Network Design

H.       OEPA Change Order Cost



                                  14


<PAGE>


                                 EXHIBIT A








                               15


<PAGE>

United States                                             EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2
Environmental Protection Agency                                     July 1996

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Air
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[LOGO]  ACCELERATION SIMULATION MODE TEST
        PROCEDURES, EMISSION STANDARDS, QUALITY
        CONTROL REQUIREMENTS, AND EQUIPMENT
        SPECIFICATIONS




                           TECHNICAL GUIDANCE






-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<PAGE>


                            Table of Contents

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                          Page
<S>                                                                       <C>
Section 85.1      Test Standards and Calculations                            1
                     (a) Emissions Standards                                 1
                     (b) Test Score Calculation                              7

Section 85.2      Test Procedures                                            9
                     (a)  General Requirements.                              9
                     (b)  Vehicle Pre-inspection and Preparation.            9
                     (c)  Equipment Preparation and Settings.               10
                     (d)  Test Procedure.                                   12
                     (e)  Second Chance Tests.                              15

Section 85.3      Test Equipment Specifications                             16
                     (a) Dynamometer Specifications.                        16
                     (b) Emission Sampling System.                          19
                     (c) Analytical Instruments.                            21
                     (d) Automated Test Process Software and Displays.      24

Section 85.4      Quality Control Requirements                              26
                     (a) General Requirements                               26
                     (b) Dynamometer                                        26
                     (c) Emission Sampling System.                          30
                     (d) Analytic Instruments.                              31

Section 85.5      Test Record Information                                   38
                     (a) General Information.                               38
                     (b) Ambient Test Conditions.                           38
                     (c) ASM Mode or Modes.                                 38
                     (d) Diagnostic/Quality Assurance Information.          38

</TABLE>

<PAGE>

Section 85.1   TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS


(a)   Emissions Standards

      (1)  START-UP ASM STANDARDS.  Start-up standards should be used during 
           the first cycle of the program.  The exhaust emissions standards 
           for the following model years and vehicle types are 
           cross-referenced by the number in the column in Section 85.1 
           (a)(3), as noted in the column headings:

           (i)  LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES.
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                     Carbon Monoxide                  Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                     ---------------                  ------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1994+ Tier 1                 1                                 21                                 41
           1991-1995                    2                                 22                                 42
           1983-1990                    4                                 23                                 43
           1981-1982                    4                                 26                                 43
           1980                         4                                 26                                 48
           1977-1979                   11                                 30                                 48
           1975-1976                   11                                 30                                 50
           1973-1974                   13                                 34                                 50
           1968-1972                   13                                 34                                 51
</TABLE>

           (ii)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ----------------                ------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1983-1984                    4                                 26                                 43
           1982                         4                                 29                                 43
</TABLE>

           (iii)  LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 1 (LESS THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>                        <C>                   <C>                               <C>
           1994+ Tier 1 < OR = 3750 LVW   1                               21                                41
           1994+ Tier 1 >      3750 LVW   2                               22                                42
           1991-1995                      5                               26                                43
           1988-1990                      7                               29                                44
           1984-1987                      7                               29                                49
           1979-1983                     11                               31                                49
           1975-1978                     12                               32                                50
           1973-1974                     13                               34                                50
           1968-1972                     13                               34                                51

</TABLE>

           (iv)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 1 (LESS THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
</TABLE>

PAGE 1                            7/2/96        TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS

<PAGE>
<TABLE>
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1991+                          6                               28                                43
           1988-1990                      9                               30                                44
           1984-1987                      9                               30                                49
           1982-1983                     12                               33                                49
</TABLE>
           (v)  LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 2 (GREATER THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>                      <C>                     <C>                               <C>

           1994+ Tier 1 < OR = 5750 LVW 2                                  22                                42
           1994+ Tier 1 >      5750 LVW 5                                  26                                45
           1991-1995                    5                                  26                                46
           1988-1990                    7                                  29                                47
           1984-1987                    7                                  29                                49
           1979-1983                   11                                  31                                49
           1975-1978                   12                                  32                                50
           1973-1974                   13                                  34                                50
           1968-1972                   13                                  34                                51
</TABLE>
           (vi)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 2 (GREATER THAN 6000 POUNDS 
                 GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1991+                       6                                  28                                46
           1988-1990                   9                                  30                                47
           1984-1987                   9                                  30                                49
           1982-1983                  12                                  33                                49
</TABLE>

      (2)  FINAL ASM STANDARDS.  The following exhaust emissions standards are
           designed to achieve the emission reduction credits issued by EPA.  
           They should only be used after at least one cycle of operation using 
           the start-up standards in Section 85.1(a)(1). The exhaust emissions 
           standards for the following model years and vehicle types are 
           cross-referenced by the number in the column in Section 85.1(a)(3), 
           as noted in the column headings:

           (i)  LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1994+ Tier 1                1                                  21                                41
           1983-1995                   1                                  21                                41
           1981-1982                   1                                  23                                41
           1980                        1                                  23                                45
           1977-1979                   6                                  27                                45
           1975-1976                   6                                  27                                48
           1973-1974                  10                                  32                                48
           1968-1972                  10                                  32                                49
</TABLE>

PAGE 2                            7/2/96        TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS

<PAGE>


           (ii)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1983-1984                   2                                  23                                41
           1982                        2                                  23                                41
</TABLE>

           (iii)  LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 1 (LESS THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1994+ Tier 1               1                                   21                                41
           1988-1995                  3                                   24                                42
           1984-1987                  3                                   24                                46
           1979-1983                  8                                   28                                46
           1975-1978                  9                                   29                                48
           1973-1974                 10                                   32                                48
           1968-1972                 10                                   32                                49
</TABLE>

          (iv)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 1 (LESS THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1988+                      4                                   26                                42
           1984-1987                  4                                   26                                46
           1982-1983                  9                                   30                                46
</TABLE>

           (v)  LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 2 (GREATER THAN 6000 POUNDS GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1994+ Tier 1              1                                   21                                 41
           1988-1995                 3                                   24                                 44
           1984-1987                 3                                   24                                 46
           1979-1983                 8                                   28                                 46
           1975-1978                 9                                   29                                 48
           1973-1974                10                                   32                                 48
           1968-1972                10                                   32                                 49
</TABLE>

           (vi)  HIGH-ALTITUDE LIGHT DUTY TRUCKS 2 (GREATER THAN 6000 POUNDS 
                 GVWR).

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
           Model Years           Hydrocarbons                      Carbon Monoxide                 Oxides of Nitrogen
           -----------           ------------                      ---------------                 -------------------
                           Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(i)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(ii)     Table Section 85.1 (a)(3)(iii)
           <S>             <C>                              <C>                               <C>
           1988+                     4                                   26                                 44
           1984-1987                 4                                   26                                 46
           1982-1983                 9                                   30                                 46
</TABLE>

PAGE 3                            7/2/96        TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS
<PAGE>

    (3) ASM 2525 and 5015 Concentration Tables
 
       (i) ASM2525 and ASM5015 Hydrocarbon (ppm C6) Table
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
  COLUMN #          1            1            2            2            3            3            4            4            5
     ETW          5015         2525         5015         2525         5015         2525         5015         2525         5015
-------------     -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----
<S>            <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>
       1750           142          136          224          216          257          249          291          282          324
       1875           134          129          212          205          243          236          275          266          306
       2000           127          123          201          194          230          223          260          252          289
       2125           121          116          191          184          219          212          246          239          274
       2250           115          111          182          175          208          201          234          227          260
       2375           109          106          173          167          198          192          223          216          247
       2500           105          101          166          160          189          183          212          206          236
       2625           100           97          159          153          181          175          203          197          225
       2750            96           93          152          147          173          168          194          189          216
       2875            92           89          146          141          167          161          187          181          207
       3000            89           86          141          136          160          155          180          174          199
       3125            86           83          136          132          155          150          173          168          191
       3250            83           80          132          127          149          145          167          162          185
       3375            81           78          128          123          145          140          162          157          179
       3500            78           76          124          120          140          136          157          152          173
       3625            76           74          120          117          136          132          152          148          168
       3750            74           72          117          114          133          129          148          144          163
       3875            72           70          114          111          129          125          144          140          159
       4000            71           68          112          108          126          122          140          137          155
       4125            69           67          109          106          123          119          137          133          151
       4250            67           65          107          103          120          117          134          130          147
       4375            66           64          104          101          118          114          131          127          144
       4500            65           63          102           99          115          112          128          124          141
       4625            63           61          100           97          113          109          125          122          137
       4750            62           60           98           95          110          107          122          119          134
       4875            61           59           96           93          108          105          120          117          132
       5000            60           58           94           92          106          103          117          114          129
       5125            58           57           93           90          104          101          115          112          126
       5250            57           56           91           88          102           99          112          110          123
       5375            56           55           89           86          100           97          110          107          121
       5500            55           54           87           85           98           95          108          105          118
       5625            54           53           86           83           96           93          106          103          116
       5750            53           52           84           82           94           91          104          101          113
       5875            52           51           83           80           92           90          102           99          111
       6000            51           50           81           79           90           88          100           97          109
       6125            50           49           80           78           89           86           98           95          107
       6250            50           48           79           76           87           85           96           94          105
       6375            49           48           77           75           86           84           95           92          103
       6500            48           47           76           74           85           83           93           91          102
       6625            48           46           76           74           84           82           92           90          101
       6750            47           46           75           73           83           81           91           89          100
       6875            47           46           75           73           83           81           91           89           99
       7000            47           46           74           72           83           80           91           88           99
       7125            47           46           74           72           82           80           90           88           98
       7250            47           46           74           72           82           80           90           88           98
       7375            47           46           74           72           82           80           90           88           98
       7500            47           46           74           72           82           80           90           88           98

<CAPTION>
  COLUMN #          5            6            6            7            7            8            8            9            9
     ETW          2525         5015         2525         5015         2525         5015         2525         5015         2525
-------------     -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----
<S>            <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>        <C>              <C>
       1750           315          374          364          390          381          407          397          457          447
       1875           297          353          344          368          359          384          375          431          421
       2000           281          333          325          348          339          363          354          407          398
       2125           267          316          308          329          321          343          335          385          376
       2250           253          299          292          312          305          325          318          365          357
       2375           241          284          277          297          290          309          302          346          339
       2500           230          271          264          283          276          294          288          329          322
       2625           219          259          252          270          263          281          274          314          307
       2750           210          247          241          258          252          269          262          300          294
       2875           201          237          231          247          241          257          251          287          281
       3000           194          228          222          237          232          247          241          276          270
       3125           186          219          214          228          223          238          232          265          260
       3250           180          211          206          220          215          229          224          256          250
       3375           174          204          199          213          208          221          216          247          241
       3500           169          198          193          206          201          214          209          239          234
       3625           164          192          187          200          195          207          203          231          226
       3750           159          186          182          194          189          201          197          224          220
       3875           155          181          177          188          184          196          191          218          213
       4000           151          176          172          183          179          191          186          212          208
       4125           147          172          168          179          175          186          181          206          202
       4250           143          167          164          174          170          181          177          201          197
       4375           140          164          160          170          166          177          173          196          192
       4500           137          160          156          166          162          172          169          192          188
       4625           134          156          152          162          159          169          165          187          183
       4750           131          153          149          159          155          165          161          183          179
       4875           128          149          146          155          152          161          157          179          175
       5000           126          146          143          152          148          157          154          175          171
       5125           123          143          139          148          145          154          150          171          167
       5250           120          140          136          145          142          150          147          167          163
       5375           118          137          133          142          138          147          144          163          159
       5500           115          134          130          139          136          144          141          159          156
       5625           113          131          128          136          133          141          138          156          152
       5750           111          128          125          133          130          138          135          152          149
       5875           108          125          122          130          127          135          132          149          146
       6000           106          123          120          127          124          132          129          146          143
       6125           104          120          118          125          122          129          126          143          140
       6250           102          118          115          123          120          127          124          140          137
       6375           101          116          113          120          118          125          122          138          135
       6500            99          114          112          119          116          123          120          136          133
       6625            98          113          110          117          114          121          119          134          131
       6750            97          112          109          116          113          120          117          132          129
       6875            97          111          109          115          113          119          117          132          129
       7000            96          111          108          115          112          119          116          131          128
       7125            96          111          108          115          112          119          116          131          128
       7250            96          111          108          115          112          119          116          131          128
       7375            96          111          108          115          112          119          116          131          128
       7500            96          111          108          115          112          119          116          131          128
 
<CAPTION>
  COLUMN #         10           10           11           11           12           12          13         13
     ETW          5015         2525         5015         2525         5015         2525        5015       2525
-------------     -----        -----        -----        -----        -----        -----     ---------  ---------
<S>            <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>          <C>        <C>       
       1750           706          694          774          761          843          828        1118       1098
       1875           665          653          729          717          794          780        1052       1034
       2000           627          616          688          676          749          736         992        975
       2125           592          582          650          638          707          695         938        921
       2250           560          551          615          604          669          658         887        872
       2375           531          522          583          573          635          624         841        827
       2500           505          496          554          544          603          593         800        786
       2625           481          472          528          518          574          564         761        748
       2750           459          451          503          495          548          539         726        714
       2875           439          431          481          473          524          515         695        683
       3000           420          413          461          453          502          493         666        654
       3125           404          397          443          435          482          474         639        628
       3250           388          382          426          419          464          456         615        604
       3375           374          368          411          404          447          440         593        583
       3500           362          355          397          390          432          424         573        563
       3625           350          344          384          377          418          411         554        544
       3750           339          333          372          365          405          398         537        527
       3875           329          323          361          355          393          386         521        512
       4000           320          314          351          345          382          375         506        497
       4125           311          305          341          335          371          365         492        484
       4250           303          297          332          326          361          355         479        471
       4375           295          290          323          318          352          346         467        459
       4500           287          282          315          310          343          337         455        447
       4625           280          275          308          302          335          329         444        436
       4750           273          269          300          295          327          321         433        425
       4875           267          262          293          288          319          313         423        415
       5000           260          256          286          281          311          305         412        405
       5125           254          250          279          274          304          298         402        395
       5250           248          244          272          267          296          291         393        386
       5375           242          238          266          261          289          284         383        376
       5500           236          232          259          253          282          277         374        367
       5625           231          226          253          248          276          271         365        359
       5750           225          221          247          243          269          264         357        350
       5875           220          216          241          237          263          258         348        342
       6000           215          211          236          232          257          252         341        334
       6125           210          206          231          227          251          247         333        327
       6250           206          202          226          222          246          242         326        320
       6375           202          198          222          218          242          237         320        314
       6500           199          195          218          214          238          233         315        309
       6625           196          192          215          211          234          230         310        304
       6750           194          190          213          209          232          227         307        301
       6875           193          189          211          207          230          225         305        299
       7000           192          188          211          207          229          225         304        298
       7125           192          188          211          206          229          225         304        298
       7250           192          188          211          206          229          225         304        298
       7375           192          188          211          206          229          225         304        298
       7500           192          188          211          206          229          225         304        298
</TABLE>

PAGE 4

<PAGE>
             (ii)  ASM2525 and ASM5015 Carbon Monoxide (%CO) Table
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Column #    21      21      22      22      23      23      24      24      25      25      26      26      27      27
----------
   ETW      5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>        <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>
1750        0.80    0.77    1.26    1.22    1.64    1.83    2.02    2.43    2.21    2.73    2.78    3.64    2.97    3.94
1875        0.75    0.73    1.19    1.16    1.55    1.72    1.91    2.29    2.09    2.58    2.63    3.43    2.81    3.71
2000        0.71    0.69    1.13    1.09    1.47    1.63    1.81    2.17    1.97    2.43    2.48    3.24    2.65    3.51
2125        0.68    0.66    1.07    1.04    1.39    1.54    1.71    2.05    1.87    2.30    2.35    3.06    2.51    3.32
2250        0.64    0.62    1.02    0.99    1.32    1.47    1.62    1.94    1.77    2.18    2.23    2.90    2.38    3.14
2375        0.61    0.59    0.97    0.94    1.26    1.39    1.54    1.85    1.69    2.07    2.12    2.76    2.26    2.98
2500        0.59    0.57    0.93    0.90    1.20    1.33    1.47    1.76    1.61    1.97    2.02    2.62    2.15    2.84
2625        0.56    0.54    0.89    0.86    1.15    1.27    1.41    1.68    1.53    1.88    1.92    2.50    2.05    2.70
2750        0.54    0.52    0.85    0.82    1.10    1.21    1.34    1.60    1.47    1.80    1.84    2.39    1.96    2.58
2875        0.52    0.50    0.82    0.79    1.05    1.16    1.29    1.54    1.41    1.72    1.76    2.29    1.88    2.47
3000        0.50    0.48    0.79    0.76    1.01    1.12    1.24    1.48    1.35    1.66    1.69    2.19    1.80    2.37
3125        0.48    0.46    0.76    0.73    0.98    1.08    1.19    1.42    1.30    1.59    1.63    2.11    1.74    2.28
3250        0.46    0.45    0.73    0.71    0.94    1.04    1.15    1.37    1.26    1.53    1.57    2.03    1.67    2.20
3375        0.45    0.43    0.71    0.69    0.91    1.00    1.11    1.32    1.21    1.48    1.52    1.96    1.62    2.12
3500        0.44    0.42    0.69    0.67    0.88    0.97    1.08    1.28    1.17    1.43    1.47    1.89    1.56    2.05
3625        0.42    0.41    0.67    0.65    0.86    0.94    1.05    1.24    1.14    1.39    1.42    1.84    1.52    1.98
3750        0.41    0.40    0.65    0.63    0.83    0.92    1.02    1.20    1.11    1.35    1.38    1.78    1.47    1.92
3875        0.40    0.39    0.63    0.61    0.81    0.89    0.99    1.17    1.08    1.31    1.34    1.73    1.43    1.87
4000        0.39    0.38    0.62    0.60    0.79    0.87    0.96    1.14    1.05    1.28    1.31    1.68    1.39    1.82
4125        0.38    0.37    0.60    0.58    0.77    0.85    0.94    1.11    1.02    1.24    1.27    1.64    1.36    1.77
4250        0.37    0.36    0.59    0.57    0.75    0.83    0.92    1.08    1.00    1.21    1.24    1.60    1.32    1.72
4375        0.36    0.35    0.58    0.56    0.74    0.81    0.89    1.06    0.97    1.18    1.21    1.56    1.29    1.68
4500        0.36    0.35    0.57    0.55    0.72    0.79    0.87    1.03    0.95    1.16    1.18    1.52    1.26    1.64
4625        0.35    0.34    0.55    0.54    0.70    0.77    0.85    1.01    0.93    1.13    1.15    1.48    1.23    1.60
4750        0.34    0.33    0.54    0.53    0.69    0.76    0.84    0.99    0.91    1.10    1.13    1.45    1.20    1.57
4875        0.34    0.33    0.53    0.52    0.67    0.74    0.82    0.97    0.89    1.08    1.10    1.42    1.17    1.53
5000        0.33    0.32    0.52    0.51    0.66    0.73    0.80    0.95    0.87    1.05    1.08    1.38    1.15    1.49
5125        0.32    0.31    0.51    0.50    0.65    0.71    0.78    0.92    0.85    1.03    1.05    1.35    1.12    1.46
5250        0.32    0.31    0.50    0.49    0.63    0.70    0.77    0.90    0.83    1.01    1.03    1.32    1.10    1.43
5375        0.31    0.30    0.49    0.48    0.62    0.68    0.75    0.89    0.81    0.99    1.01    1.29    1.07    1.39
5500        0.30    0.30    0.48    0.47    0.61    0.67    0.73    0.87    0.80    0.97    0.99    1.26    1.05    1.36
5625        0.30    0.29    0.47    0.46    0.59    0.65    0.72    0.85    0.78    0.94    0.97    1.24    1.03    1.33
5750        0.29    0.29    0.46    0.45    0.58    0.64    0.70    0.83    0.76    0.92    0.94    1.21    1.01    1.30
5875        0.29    0.28    0.45    0.44    0.57    0.63    0.69    0.81    0.75    0.91    0.92    1.18    0.98    1.27
6000        0.28    0.28    0.44    0.44    0.56    0.62    0.67    0.80    0.73    0.89    0.91    1.16    0.96    1.25
6125        0.28    0.27    0.44    0.43    0.55    0.61    0.66    0.78    0.72    0.87    0.89    1.13    0.94    1.22
6250        0.27    0.27    0.43    0.42    0.54    0.60    0.65    0.77    0.71    0.85    0.87    1.11    0.93    1.20
6375        0.27    0.26    0.42    0.42    0.53    0.59    0.64    0.76    0.69    0.84    0.86    1.09    0.91    1.18
6500        0.26    0.26    0.42    0.41    0.52    0.58    0.63    0.74    0.68    0.83    0.84    1.08    0.90    1.16
6625        0.26    0.26    0.41    0.41    0.52    0.57    0.62    0.73    0.67    0.82    0.83    1.06    0.88    1.14
6750        0.26    0.26    0.41    0.41    0.51    0.57    0.61    0.73    0.67    0.81    0.82    1.05    0.88    1.13
6875        0.26    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.51    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.82    1.04    0.87    1.12
7000        0.25    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.51    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.82    1.04    0.87    1.12
7125        0.25    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.51    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.81    1.04    0.87    1.12
7250        0.25    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.50    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.81    1.04    0.86    1.12
7375        0.25    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.50    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.81    1.04    0.86    1.12
7500        0.25    0.25    0.40    0.40    0.50    0.56    0.61    0.72    0.66    0.80    0.81    1.04    0.86    1.12
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
<CAPTION>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Column #    28      28      29      29      30      30      31      31      32      32      33      33      34      34
----------
   ETW      5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>        <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>
1750        3.16    4.24    3.54    4.85    3.92    5.45    4.31    6.06    5.07    7.26    5.26    7.44    8.02    9.90
1875        2.98    4.00    3.34    4.57    3.70    5.14    4.06    5.70    4.78    6.84    4.96    7.05    7.56    9.90
2000        2.82    3.77    3.16    4.31    3.49    4.85    3.83    5.38    4.51    6.45    4.68    6.68    7.14    9.90
2125        2.67    3.57    2.99    4.08    3.31    4.58    3.63    5.09    4.26    6.10    4.43    6.34    6.75    9.66
2250        2.53    3.38    2.83    3.86    3.13    4.34    3.44    4.82    4.04    5.78    4.20    6.00    6.40    9.14
2375        2.40    3.21    2.69    3.66    2.98    4.12    3.26    4.57    3.83    5.48    3.98    5.69    6.07    8.67
2500        2.29    3.05    2.56    3.48    2.83    3.91    3.10    4.35    3.65    5.21    3.79    5.41    5.78    8.25
2625        2.18    2.91    2.44    3.32    2.70    3.73    2.96    4.14    3.48    4.96    3.61    5.15    5.51    7.85
2750        2.09    2.78    2.33    3.17    2.58    3.56    2.83    3.95    3.32    4.73    3.45    4.92    5.26    7.50
2875        2.00    2.66    2.23    3.03    2.47    3.41    2.71    3.78    3.18    4.53    3.30    4.70    5.03    7.17
3000        1.92    2.55    2.14    2.91    2.37    3.27    2.60    3.62    3.05    4.34    3.17    4.51    4.83    6.87
3125        1.84    2.45    2.06    2.79    2.28    3.14    2.50    3.48    2.93    4.17    3.04    4.33    4.64    6.60
3250        1.78    2.36    1.99    2.69    2.20    3.02    2.40    3.35    2.82    4.01    2.93    4.17    4.47    6.35
3375        1.72    2.28    1.92    2.60    2.12    2.91    2.32    3.23    2.72    3.87    2.83    4.02    4.31    6.13
3500        1.66    2.20    1.86    2.51    2.05    2.82    2.24    3.12    2.63    3.74    2.73    3.88    4.17    5.92
3625        1.61    2.13    1.80    2.43    1.99    2.73    2.17    3.02    2.55    3.62    2.65    3.76    4.04    5.75
3750        1.56    2.07    1.74    2.36    1.93    2.64    2.11    2.93    2.47    3.51    2.57    3.64    3.91    5.55
3875        1.52    2.01    1.69    2.29    1.87    2.57    2.05    2.85    2.40    3.40    2.49    3.54    3.80    5.39
4000        1.48    1.95    1.65    2.22    1.82    2.49    1.99    2.77    2.33    3.31    2.43    3.44    3.70    5.24
4125        1.44    1.90    1.61    2.16    1.77    2.43    1.94    2.69    2.27    3.22    2.36    3.34    3.60    5.09
4250        1.40    1.85    1.56    2.11    1.73    2.36    1.89    2.62    2.21    3.13    2.30    3.25    3.51    4.96
4375        1.37    1.81    1.53    2.06    1.68    2.31    1.84    2.55    2.16    3.05    2.24    3.17    3.42    4.83
4500        1.34    1.76    1.49    2.01    1.64    2.25    1.80    2.49    2.11    2.98    2.19    3.09    3.34    4.71
4625        1.30    1.72    1.46    1.96    1.61    2.19    1.76    2.43    2.06    2.90    2.14    3.02    3.26    4.60
4750        1.28    1.68    1.42    1.91    1.57    2.14    1.72    2.37    2.01    2.83    2.09    2.95    3.18    4.49
4875        1.25    1.64    1.39    1.87    1.53    2.09    1.68    2.32    1.96    2.77    2.04    2.87    3.11    4.38
5000        1.22    1.60    1.36    1.82    1.50    2.04    1.64    2.26    1.92    2.70    1.99    2.81    3.03    4.28
5125        1.19    1.57    1.33    1.78    1.46    2.00    1.60    2.21    1.87    2.64    1.95    2.74    2.97    4.18
5250        1.16    1.53    1.30    1.74    1.43    1.95    1.56    2.16    1.83    2.58    1.90    2.68    2.90    4.08
5375        1.14    1.50    1.27    1.70    1.40    1.90    1.53    2.11    1.79    2.51    1.86    2.61    2.83    3.98
5500        1.11    1.46    1.24    1.66    1.37    1.86    1.49    2.06    1.75    2.46    1.82    2.55    2.77    3.89
5625        1.09    1.43    1.21    1.62    1.34    1.82    1.46    2.01    1.71    2.40    1.77    2.49    2.70    3.80
5750        1.07    1.40    1.19    1.59    1.31    1.78    1.43    1.96    1.67    2.34    1.74    2.43    2.64    3.71
5875        1.04    1.37    1.16    1.55    1.28    1.74    1.40    1.92    1.63    2.29    1.70    2.38    2.59    3.62
6000        1.02    1.34    1.14    1.52    1.25    1.70    1.37    1.88    1.60    2.24    1.66    2.33    2.53    3.54
6125        1.00    1.31    1.11    1.49    1.23    1.66    1.34    1.84    1.57    2.19    1.63    2.28    2.48    3.47
6250        0.98    1.28    1.09    1.46    1.20    1.63    1.31    1.80    1.54    2.15    1.60    2.23    2.43    3.40
6375        0.96    1.26    1.07    1.43    1.18    1.60    1.29    1.77    1.51    2.11    1.57    2.19    2.39    3.34
6500        0.95    1.24    1.06    1.41    1.16    1.57    1.27    1.74    1.48    2.07    1.54    2.15    2.35    3.28
6625        0.94    1.23    1.04    1.39    1.15    1.55    1.25    1.72    1.46    2.04    1.52    2.12    2.32    3.23
6750        0.93    1.21    1.03    1.37    1.14    1.54    1.24    1.70    1.45    2.02    1.50    2.10    2.29    3.20
6875        0.92    1.20    1.02    1.36    1.13    1.52    1.23    1.68    1.44    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.28    3.17
7000        0.92    1.20    1.02    1.36    1.12    1.52    1.23    1.68    1.43    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.27    3.17
7125        0.92    1.20    1.02    1.36    1.12    1.52    1.22    1.68    1.43    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.27    3.17
7250        0.92    1.20    1.02    1.36    1.12    1.52    1.22    1.68    1.43    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.27    3.17
7375        0.92    1.20    1.03    1.36    1.12    1.52    1.22    1.68    1.43    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.27    3.17
7500        0.92    1.20    1.02    1.36    1.12    1.52    1.22    1.68    1.43    2.00    1.49    2.08    2.27    3.17
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>

PAGE 5                    7/2/96                 TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS


<PAGE>
             (iii)  ASM2525 and ASM5015 Nitric Oxide (% NO) Table
<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Column #    41      41      42      42      43      43      44      44      45      45      46      46
----------
   ETW      5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525
           ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>        <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>
1750         1212    1095    1819    1642    2272    2114    2725    2587    3178    3060    3631    3532
1875         1142    1031    1713    1547    2181    1991    2649    2435    3117    2879    3586    3323
2000         1077     973    1616    1460    2058    1877    2499    2295    2941    2713    3383    3131
2125         1018     920    1527    1380    1944    1774    2360    2167    2776    2561    3192    2955
2250          964     871    1446    1307    1839    1678    2232    2050    2625    2422    3018    2794
2375          915     827    1372    1240    1744    1592    2115    1943    2487    2295    2859    2646
2500          869     786    1304    1179    1657    1512    2009    1845    2361    2179    2714    2512
2625          828     749    1242    1123    1577    1440    1912    1756    2246    2073    2581    2389
2750          791     715    1186    1072    1504    1374    1823    1675    2142    1976    2460    2277
2875          756     684    1134    1026    1438    1313    1742    1601    2046    1888    2350    2175
3000          725     656    1088     984    1378    1258    1668    1533    1959    1808    2249    2082
3125          696     630    1045     945    1323    1208    1601    1471    1879    1734    2157    1997
3250          670     607    1006     910    1273    1163    1539    1415    1806    1667    2073    1920
3375          647     585     970     878    1227    1121    1483    1363    1740    1606    1997    1849
3500          625     566     937     848    1184    1082    1432    1316    1679    1550    1926    1784
3625          605     547     907     821    1146    1047    1384    1273    1623    1498    1862    1724
3750          586     531     879     796    1110    1014    1340    1233    1571    1451    1802    1669
3875          569     515     853     773    1077     984    1300    1195    1523    1407    1747    1618
4000          553     501     829     751    1046     956    1262    1161    1479    1365    1695    1570
4125          538     487     807     731    1017     930    1227    1128    1437    1327    1647    1526
4250          524     475     786     712     990     905    1194    1098    1398    1291    1602    1484
4375          510     463     766     694     964     882    1162    1069    1360    1257    1559    1444
4500          498     451     747     677     939     859    1132    1042    1325    1224    1518    1406
4625          486     440     728     661     916     838    1104    1015    1291    1193    1479    1370
4750          474     430     711     645     893     818    1076     990    1259    1163    1441    1336
4875          463     420     694     630     872     798    1049     966    1227    1134    1405    1302
5000          452     410     677     615     850     778    1023     942    1196    1106    1369    1269
5125          441     400     661     600     830     760     998     919    1167    1078    1335    1237
5250          431     391     646     586     810     741     974     896    1138    1051    1301    1206
5375          420     382     631     573     790     723     950     874    1109    1025    1269    1176
5500          410     373     616     559     771     706     926     853    1082    1000    1237    1147
5625          401     364     601     546     752     689     904     832    1055     975    1206    1118
5750          391     356     587     534     734     673     882     812    1029     951    1176    1090
5875          383     348     574     522     717     657     860     793    1004     928    1147    1064
6000          374     340     561     510     701     642     840     774     980     906    1120    1039
6125          366     333     549     499     685     628     822     757     958     886    1094    1015
6250          359     326     538     489     671     615     804     741     937     867    1070     993
6375          352     320     528     480     658     604     788     727     919     850    1049     973
6500          346     315     519     473     647     593     775     714     902     835    1030     956
6625          341     311     512     466     638     585     763     704     889     823    1014     941
6750          338     307     507     461     631     578     755     696     879     813    1003     931
6875          335     305     503     458     626     574     749     691     872     807     995     924
7000          335     305     502     457     624     573     747     689     870     805     992     921
7125          335     305     502     457     625     573     747     689     870     805     992     921
7250          335     305     502     457     625     573     747     689     870     805     992     921
7375          335     305     502     457     625     573     747     689     870     805     992     921
7500          335     305     502     457     625     573     747     689     870     805     992     921
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
<CAPTION>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Column #    47      47      48      48      49      49      50      50      51      51
----------
   ETW      5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525    5015    2525
           ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>        <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>     <C>
1750         4084    4005    4990    4950    4990    4960    4990    4980    4990    4990
1875         4054    3767    4990    4655    4990    4738    4990    4906    4990    4990
2000         3824    3548    4707    4384    4778    4535    4919    4838    4990    4990
2125         3609    3348    4441    4136    4578    4349    4853    4776    4990    4990
2250         3411    3165    4197    3909    4395    4179    4792    4720    4990    4990
2375         3231    2998    3974    3701    4228    4024    4736    4668    4990    4990
2500         3066    2845    3771    3512    4076    3881    4685    4620    4990    4990
2625         2916    2706    3585    3339    3936    3752    4639    4577    4990    4990
2750         2779    2579    3416    3181    3809    3579    4596    4374    4990    4772
2875         2654    2463    3261    3037    3669    3417    4484    4176    4892    4556
3000         2539    2357    3120    2906    3510    3270    4290    3996    4680    4359
3125         2435    2260    2992    2787    3366    3135    4114    3832    4488    4180
3250         2340    2172    2874    2677    3234    3012    3952    3681    4311    4016
3375         2253    2092    2767    2577    3113    2899    3804    3544    4150    3866
3500         2174    2018    2668    2486    3002    2796    3669    3418    4002    3728
3625         2100    1950    2578    2401    2900    2701    3544    3302    3867    3602
3750         2033    1887    2494    2323    2806    2614    3429    3195    3741    3485
3875         1970    1829    2417    2251    2719    2533    3323    3096    3625    3377
4000         1912    1775    2345    2184    2638    2457    3224    3003    3517    3276
4125         1857    1724    2277    2122    2562    2387    3131    2917    3416    3182
4250         1806    1677    2214    2063    2490    2320    3044    2836    3321    3094
4375         1757    1632    2154    2007    2423    2258    2961    2759    3230    3010
4500         1711    1589    2096    1953    2359    2198    2883    2686    3145    2930
4625         1666    1548    2042    1903    2297    2140    2807    2616    3063    2854
4750         1624    1508    1989    1854    2238    2085    2735    2549    2983    2780
4875         1583    1470    1938    1806    2180    2032    2665    2483    2907    2709
5000         1542    1433    1889    1760    2125    1980    2597    2420    2833    2640
5125         1503    1397    1840    1715    2070    1930    2530    2359    2760    2573
5250         1465    1362    1793    1672    2017    1881    2466    2298    2690    2507
5375         1428    1327    1747    1629    1966    1833    2403    2240    2621    2443
5500         1392    1294    1703    1587    1916    1786    2341    2183    2554    2381
5625         1357    1261    1659    1547    1867    1740    2282    2127    2489    2321
5750         1323    1230    1617    1508    1820    1697    2224    2074    2426    2262
5875         1290    1199    1577    1471    1774    1654    2168    2022    2366    2206
6000         1259    1171    1539    1435    1731    1614    2116    1973    2308    2152
6125         1230    1144    1503    1401    1690    1577    2066    1927    2254    2102
6250         1203    1119    1469    1371    1653    1542    2020    1884    2204    2056
6375         1179    1096    1439    1343    1619    1510    1979    1846    2159    2014
6500         1158    1077    1413    1318    1590    1483    1943    1813    2119    1977
6625         1140    1060    1391    1298    1565    1460    1913    1785    2087    1947
6750         1127    1048    1374    1283    1546    1443    1890    1764    2062    1924
6875         1118    1040    1364    1273    1534    1432    1875    1750    2046    1909
7000         1115    1037    1360    1269    1530    1428    1870    1745    2040    1904
7125         1115    1037    1360    1269    1531    1428    1874    1745    2045    1904
7250         1115    1037    1360    1269    1531    1428    1874    1745    2045    1904
7375         1115    1037    1360    1269    1531    1428    1874    1745    2045    1904
7500         1115    1037    1360    1269    1531    1428    1874    1745    2045    1904
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>
 
PAGE 6                   7/2/96                  TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS
<PAGE>

(b)   Test Score Calculation

      (1)   EXHAUST GAS MEASUREMENT CALCULATION.

           (i)   MEASUREMENT START.  The analysis and recording of exhaust
                 gas concentrations shall begin 15 seconds after the
                 applicable test mode begins, or sooner if the system response
                 time (to 100%) is less than 15 seconds.  The analysis and
                 recording of exhaust gas concentrations shall not begin sooner
                 than the time period equivalent to the response time of the
                 slowest transducer.

           (ii)  SAMPLE RATE.  Exhaust gas concentrations shall be analyzed at
                 a minimum rate of once per second.

           (iii) EMISSION MEASUREMENT CALCULATIONS.  Partial stream
                 (concentration) emissions shall be calculated based on a
                 running 10 second average.  The values used for HC(j), CO(j),
                 and NO(j) are the raw (uncorrected) tailpipe concentrations.

                                  jHC(j) * DCF(j)
                                j-10
                 (A) AvgHC = -------------------
                                   10


                                jCO(j) * DCF(j)
                                j-10
                 (B) AvgCO = -------------------
                                   10


                                jNO(j) * DCF(j)
                                j-10
                 (C) AvgNO = -------------------
                                   10

           (iv)  DILUTION CORRECTION FACTOR.  The analyzer software shall
                 multiply the raw emissions values by the Dilution Correction
                 Factor (DCF) during any valid ASM emissions test.  The DCF
                 accounts for exhaust sample dilution (either intentional or
                 unintentional) during an emissions test.  The analyzer 
                 software shall calculate the DCF using the following 
                 procedure, and shall select the appropriate vehicle fuel 
                 formula.  If the calculated DCF exceeds 3.0 then a default 
                 value of 3.0 shall be used.

                                  [CO2]measured
                 (A)   X = ----------------------------
                           [CO2]measured + [CO]measured

                       Where [CO2]measured and [CO]measured are the 
                       instantaneous ASM emissions test readings.

                 (B)   Calculate [CO2]adjusted using the following formulas.

                       (1)   For Gasoline:
                                             _                _
                                             |        X        |
                             [CO2]adjusted = | --------------- | *100
                                             |_  4.644+1.88X  _|


PAGE 7                           7/2/96        TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS

<PAGE>

                       (2)  For Methanol or Ethanol:
                                             _                _
                                             |        X        |
                             [CO2]adjusted = | --------------- |  *100
                                             |_  4.73+1.88X   _|

                       (3)  For Compressed Natural Gas (CNG):

                                             _                _
                                             |        X        |
                             [CO2]adjusted = | --------------- |  *100
                                             |_  6.64+1.88X   _|

                       (4)  For Liquid Propane Gas (LPG):

                                             _                _
                                             |        X        |
                             [CO2]adjusted = | --------------- |  *100
                                             |_  5.39+1.88X   _|

                 (C)   Calculate the DCF using the following formula:

                                     [CO2]adjusted
                             DCF =  ----------------
                                     [CO2]measured

           (v)   NO HUMIDITY CORRECTION FACTOR.  The NO measurement shall be
                 adjusted based on relative humidity using a correction factor 
                 Kh, calculated as follows:

                                    1
                (A)   Kh =   ----------------
                             1 - 0.0047(H-75)

                (B)   H = Absolute humidity in grains of water per pound of 
                          dry air.

                             (43.478)Ra*Pd
                         =  ----------------
                             PB-(Pd*Ra/100)

                (C)   Ra = Relative humidity of the ambient air, percent.

                (D)   Pd = Saturated vapor pressure, mm Hg at the ambient dry 
                           bulb temperature.  If the temperature is above 
                           86 F, then it shall be used in lieu of the higher 
                           temperature, until EPA supplies final correction 
                           factors.

                (E)   PB = Barometric pressure, mm Hg.

      (2)   PASS/FAIL DETERMINATION.  A pass or fail determination shall be
            made for each applicable test mode based on a comparison of the
            applicable test standards and the measured value for HC, CO, and NO
            as described in Section 85.1(b)(1)(iii). A vehicle shall pass the
            test mode if the emission values for HC, CO, and NO are
            simultaneously below or equal to the applicable short test
            standards for all three pollutants.  A vehicle shall fail the
            test mode if the values for HC, CO, or NO, or any combination of
            the three, are above the applicable standards at the expiration
            of the test time.


PAGE 8                       7/2/96            TEST STANDARDS AND CALCULATIONS

<PAGE>

Section 85.2   TEST PROCEDURES

(a)   General Requirements.

      (1)  VEHICLE CHARACTERIZATION.  The following information shall be
           determined for the vehicle being tested and used to automatically
           select the dynamometer power absorption settings:

           (i)    Vehicle type: LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGT, and others as needed
           (ii)   Chassis model year
           (iii)  Make
           (iv)   Model
           (v)    Number of cylinders
           (vi)   Cubic inch or liters displacement of the engine
           (vii)  Transmission type
           (viii) Equivalent Test Weight.

      (2)   AMBIENT CONDITIONS.  The ambient temperature, absolute humidity,
            and barometric pressure shall be recorded continuously during the
            test cycle or as a single set of readings up to 4 minutes before
            the start of the driving cycle.

      (3)   RESTART.  If shut off, the vehicle shall be restarted as soon as
            possible before the test and shall be running for at least 30
            seconds prior to the start of the ASM driving cycle.

      (4)   VOID TEST CONDITIONS.  The test shall immediately end and any
            exhaust gas measurements shall be voided if the instantaneous
            measured concentration of CO plus C02 falls below six percent or
            the vehicle's engine stalls at any time during the test sequence.

      (5)   VEHICLE BRAKES.  The vehicle's brakes shall not be applied during
            the test modes.  If the vehicles brakes are applied during testing
            the mode timer shall be reset to zero (tt=0).

      (6)   TEST TERMINATION.  The test shall be aborted or terminated upon
            reaching the overall maximum test time.

(b)   Vehicle Pre-inspection and Preparation.

      (1)   ACCESSORIES.  All accessories (air conditioning, heat, defogger,
            radio, automatic traction control if switchable, etc.) shall be
            turned off (if necessary, by the inspector).

      (2)   EXHAUST LEAKS.  The vehicle shall be inspected for exhaust leaks.
            Audio assessment while blocking exhaust flow, or gas measurement
            of carbon dioxide or other gases shall be acceptable.  Vehicles
            with leaking exhaust systems shall be rejected from testing.


PAGE 9                    7/2/96                              TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

      (3)   FLUID LEAKS.  The vehicle shall be inspected for fluid leaks.
            Vehicles with leaking engine oil, transmission fluid, or coolant
            shall be rejected from testing.

      (4)   MECHANICAL CONDITION.  Vehicles with obvious mechanical problems
            (engine, transmission, brakes, or exhaust) that either create a 
            safety hazard or could bias test results shall be rejected from 
            testing.

      (5)   OPERATING TEMPERATURE.  The vehicle shall be at normal operating
            temperature prior to the start of the test.  The vehicle
            temperature gauge, if equipped and operating, shall be checked to
            assess temperature.  Vehicles in overheated condition shall be
            rejected from testing.

      (6)   TIRE CONDITION.  Vehicles shall be rejected from testing if tread
            indicators, tire cords, bubbles, cuts, or other damage are
            visible.  Vehicles shall be rejected from testing if they have
            space-saver spare tires or if they do not have reasonably sized
            tires on the drive axle or axles.  Vehicles may be rejected if
            they have different sized tires on the drive axle or axles.  In
            test-and-repair facilities, drive wheel tires shall be checked
            with a gauge for adequate tire pressure.  In test-only
            facilities, drive wheel tires shall be visually checked for
            adequate pressure level.  Drive wheel tires that appear low shall
            be inflated to approximately 30 psi, or to tire side wall
            pressure, or vehicle manufacturers recommendation.
            Alternatively, vehicles with apparent low tire pressure may be
            rejected from testing.

      (7)   GEAR SELECTION.  The vehicle shall be operated during each mode
            of the test with the gear selector in drive for automatic
            transmissions and in second (or third if more appropriate) for
            manual transmissions for the loaded modes.

      (8)   ROLL ROTATION.  The vehicle shall be maneuvered onto the
            dynamometer with the drive wheels positioned on the dynamometer
            rolls.  Prior to test initiation, the rolls shall be rotated
            until the vehicle laterally stabilizes on the dynamometer.
            Vehicles that cannot be stabilized on the dynamometer shall be
            rejected from testing.  Drive wheel tires shall be dried if
            necessary to prevent slippage.

      (9)   VEHICLE RESTRAINT.  Testing shall not begin until the vehicle is
            restrained.  Any restraint system shall meet the requirements of
            Section 85.3(a)(5)(ii). In addition, the parking brake shall be
            set for front wheel drive vehicles prior to the start of the
            test, unless parking brake functions on front axle or if is
            automatically disengaged when in gear.

     (10)   VEHICLE CONDITIONING

            (i).  QUEUING TIME.  When a vehicle waits in a queue more than 20
                  minutes or when a vehicle is shut-off for more than 5 minutes
                  prior to the test, vehicle conditioning shall be performed 
                  for 60 seconds, as specified in Section 85.2(b)(10)(ii)(C). 
                  Emissions may be monitored during this cycle and if passing 
                  readings are obtained, as specified for the ASM cycle in 
                  Section 85.2(d), then the cycle may be terminated and the 
                  respective ASM mode skipped.


PAGE 10                           7/2/96                     TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

            (ii)  DISCRETIONARY PRECONDITIONING.  At the program's discretion,
                  any vehicle may be preconditioned using any of the following
                  methods:

                  (A)   NON-LOADED PRECONDITIONING.  Increase engine speed to
                        approximately 2500 rpm, for up to 4 minutes, with or
                        without a tachometer.

                  (B)   LOADED PRECONDITIONING.  Drive the vehicle on the 
                        dynamometer at 30 miles per hour for up to 240 seconds 
                        at road-load.

                  (C)   ASM PRECONDITIONING.  Drive the vehicle on the 
                        dynamometer using either mode of the ASM test as 
                        specified in Section 85.2(d).

                  (D)   TRANSIENT PRECONDITIONING.  After maneuvering the 
                        vehicle onto the dynamometer, drive a transient cycle 
                        consisting of speed, time, acceleration, and load 
                        relationships such as the IM240.

(c)   Equipment Preparation and Settings.

      (1)   ANALYZER WARM-UP.  Emission testing shall be locked out until the
            analyzer is warmed-up and stable.  The analyzer shall reach
            stability within 30 minutes from startup.  If an analyzer does
            not achieve stability within the allotted time frame, it shall
            remain locked out from testing.  The instrument shall be
            considered "warmed-up" when the zero and span readings for HC,
            CO, NO, and C0(2) have stabilized within the accuracy values
            specified in Section 85.3(c)(3) for five minutes without
            adjustment (this does not require span gas verification of warm-up,
            but provides the quality assurance method for checking).

      (2)   EMISSION SAMPLE SYSTEM PURGE.  While a lane is in operation, the
            sample system shall be continuously purged after each test for at
            least 15 minutes if not taking measurements.

      (3)   PROBE INSERTION.  The sample probe shall be inserted into the
            vehicle's tailpipe to a minimum depth of 10 inches.  If the
            vehicle's exhaust system prevents insertion to this depth, a
            tailpipe extension shall be used.

      (4)   MULTIPLE EXHAUST PIPES.  Exhaust gas concentrations from vehicle
            engines equipped with functionally independent multiple exhaust
            pipes shall be sampled simultaneously.

      (5)   ANALYZER PREPARATION.  The analyzer shall perform an automatic
            zero, an ambient air reading, and an HC hang-up check prior to
            each test.  This process shall occur within two minutes of the
            start of the test.

            (i)   AUTOMATIC GAS ZERO.  The analyzer shall conduct automatic zero
                  adjustments using the zero gas specified in Section 
                  85.4(d)(2)(iii). The zero adjustment shall include the HC, CO,
                  C0(2), and NO channels.  Bottled or generated zero air may be 
                  used.



PAGE 11                              7/2/96                      TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>


            (ii)  AMBIENT AIR READING.  Filtered ambient air shall be introduced
                  to the analyzer before the sample pump, but after the sample
                  probe, hose, and filter/water trap.  The analyzer shall record
                  the concentrations of the four measured gases, but shall make
                  no adjustments.

            (iii) HC HANG-UP DETERMINATION.  The analyzer shall sample ambient
                  air through the probe to determine background pollution levels
                  and HC hang-up.  The analyzer shall be locked out from testing
                  until (1) the sample through probe has less than 15 ppm HC, 
                  0.02% CO, and 25 ppm NO; and, (2) the residual HC in the 
                  sampling system (probe sample - ambient air reading) is less
                  than 7 ppm.

      (6)   COOLING SYSTEM.  When ambient temperatures exceed 72DEG.F, testing
            shall not begin until the cooling system blower is positioned and
            activated.  The cooling system blower shall be positioned to
            direct air to the vehicle cooling system, but shall not be
            directed at the catalytic converter.

      (7)   DYNAMOMETER WARM-UR.  The dynamometer shall be automatically
            warmed-up prior to official testing and shall be locked out until
            it is warmed-up.  Dynamometers resting (not operated for at least
            30 seconds and at least 15 mph) for more than 30 minutes shall
            pass the coast-down check specified in Section 85.4(b)(1) prior
            to use in testing.  As specified in Section 85.4(a)(2), control
            charts may be used to demonstrate allowing a longer duration of
            inactivity before a required warm-up.

      (8)   LOAD SETTING.  Prior to each mode, the system shall automatically
            select the load setting of the dynamometer from a look-up table
            supplied by EPA or the state.

      (9)   ENGINE SPEED.  Engine speed measurement equipment shall be
            attached on all 1996 and newer light duty vehicles and trucks,
            and in test-and-repair programs, engine speed shall also be
            monitored on all pre-1996 vehicles.  Starting in 1998, the SAE-
            standardized OBD plug shall be used on 1996 and newer vehicles.
            Engine speed measurement equipment shall meet the requirements of
            Section 85.3(c)(5).

(d)   Test Procedures.

      The test sequence shall consist of either a single ASM mode or both ASM 
      modes described in Section 85.2(d)(1) and (2), and may be performed in 
      either order (with appropriate change in transition requirements in 
      Section 85.2(d)(1)(iv)). Vehicles that fail the first-chance test 
      described in Section 85.2(d) shall receive a second-chance test if the
      conditions in Section 85.2(e) apply.  The test timer shall start (tt=0)
      when the conditions specified in Section 85.2(c)(2) and Section 85.2(c)(3)
      are met and the mode timer initiates as specified in Section 85.2(d)(1)
      or Section 85.2(d)(2). The test sequence shall have an overall maximum 
      test time of 290 seconds (tt=290).  The test shall be immediately 
      terminated or aborted upon reaching the overall maximum test time.

      (1)   ASM5015 MODE.

            (i)   The mode timer shall start (mt=0) when the dynamometer speed
                  (and corresponding power) is maintained within 15 PLUS OR 
                  MINUS 1.0 miles per hour for 5 continuous seconds.  If the 
                  inertia simulation error exceeds the tolerance specified in 
                  Section 85.3(a)(4)(ii)(A) (or Section 85.3(a)(4)(ii)(B) 
                  if used) for more than 3 consecutive seconds after the mode 
                  timer is started, the test mode timer shall

PAGE 12                              7/2/96                     TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

                  be set to mt=0.  Should this happen a second time, the test 
                  shall be aborted.  The dynamometer shall apply the correct 
                  torque for 15.0 mph for the torque at any testing speed 
                  within the tolerance of 15 PLUS OR MINUS 1.0 miles per hour 
                  (i.e., constant torque load over speed range). The torque 
                  tolerance shall be PLUS OR MINUS 5% of the correct torque 
                  at 15 mph.

           (ii)   The dynamometer power shall be automatically selected from 
                  an EPA-supplied or EPA-approved look-up table, based upon 
                  the vehicle identification information described in Section 
                  85.2(a)(1). Vehicles not listed in the look-up table and 
                  for which ETW is not available shall be tested using the 
                  following default settings:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                       Default ASM5015 Actual Horsepower Settings
                             For 8.6" Dynamometers HP5015(8)
            -------------------------------------------------------------------
            Vehicle Type
              Number of Cylinders   3     4     5 & 6      8    GREATER THAN 8
            -------------------------------------------------------------------
            <S>                  <C>   <C>    <C>       <C>        <C>
            Sedans                7.9   11.4    13.8     16.4       16.0
            Station Wagons        8.1   11.7    13.8     16.1       16.1
            Mini-vans            10.2   14.1    15.8     17.9       18.2
            Pickup Trucks         9.6   13.1    16.4     19.2       21.1
            Sport/Utility        10.1   13.4    15.5     19.4       21.1
            Full Vans            10.3   13.9    17.7     19.6       20.5
            -------------------------------------------------------------------

</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                       Default ASM5015 Actual Horsepower Settings
                             For 20" Dynamometers HP5015(20)
            -------------------------------------------------------------------
            Vehicle Type
              Number of Cylinders   3     4     5 & 6      8    GREATER THAN 8
            -------------------------------------------------------------------
            <S>                  <C>   <C>    <C>       <C>        <C>
            Sedans                8.1   11.8   14.3      16.9       16.6
            Station Wagons        8.3   12.1   14.2      16.6       16.6
            Mini-vans            10.4   14.5   16.3      18.5       18.7
            Pickup Trucks         9.8   13.4   16.8      19.8       21.7
            Sport/Utility        10.5   13.8   15.9      19.9       21.7
            Full Vans            10.8   14.4   18.2      20.2       21.1
            -------------------------------------------------------------------

</TABLE>

                  If the dynamometer speed or torque falls outside the speed 
                  or torque tolerance for more than 2 consecutive seconds, 
                  or for more than 5 seconds total, the mode timer shall 
                  reset to zero and resume timing. The minimum mode length 
                  shall be determined as described in Section 85.2(d)(iii). 
                  The maximum mode length shall be 90 seconds elapsed time 
                  (mt=90).

                  During the 10 second period used for the pass decision, the 
                  dynamometer speed shall not fall more than 0.5 mph (absolute 
                  drop, not cumulative).  If the speed at the end of the 10 
                  second period is more than 0.5 mph less than the speed at 
                  the start of the 10 second period testing shall continue 
                  until the speed stabilizes enough to meet this criterion.

PAGE 13                              7/2/96                     TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

                  The ten second emissions window shall be matched to the 
                  corresponding vehicle speed trace time window.  This shall 
                  be performed by subtracting the nominal response time for 
                  the analyzers from the mode time to determine the time for 
                  the corresponding vehicle speed.

          (iii)   The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time 
                  of 25 seconds (mt=25).  A pass or fail determination shall 
                  be made for the vehicle and the mode shall be terminated 
                  as follows:

                  (A)   The vehicle shall pass the ASM5015 mode and the mode 
                        shall be immediately terminated if, at any point 
                        between an elapsed time of 25 seconds (mt=25) and 
                        90 seconds (mt=90), the 10 second running average 
                        measured values for each pollutant are simultaneously 
                        less than or equal to the applicable test standards 
                        described in Section 85.1(a).

                  (B)   The vehicle shall fail the ASM5015 mode and the mode 
                        shall be terminated if the requirements of Section 
                        85.2(d)(1)(iii)(A) are not satisfied by an elapsed 
                        time of 90 seconds (mt=90).

           (iv)   Upon termination of the ASM5015 mode, the vehicle shall 
                  immediately begin accelerating to the speed required for 
                  the ASM2525 mode.  The dynamometer torque shall smoothly 
                  transition during the acceleration period and shall 
                  automatically reset to the load required for the ASM2525 
                  mode as specified in Section 85.2(d)(2)(i) once the roll 
                  speed specified in Section 85.2(d)(2)(i) is achieved.

      (2)   ASM2525 MODE.

            (i)   The mode timer shall start (mt=0) when the dynamometer 
                  speed (and corresponding power) are maintained within 
                  25 PLUS OR MINUS 1.0 miles per hour for 5 continuous 
                  seconds.  If the inertia simulation error exceeds the 
                  tolerance specified in Section 85.3(a)(4)(ii)(A) (or 
                  Section 85.3(a)(4)(ii)(B) if used) for more than 3 
                  consecutive seconds after the mode timer is started, 
                  the test mode timer shall be set to mt=0.  Should this 
                  happen a second time, the test shall be aborted.  The 
                  dynamometer shall apply the correct torque for 25.0 mph 
                  for the torque at any testing speed within the tolerance 
                  of 25 PLUS OR MINUS 1.0 miles per hour (i.e., constant 
                  torque load over speed range). The torque tolerance shall 
                  be PLUS OR MINUS 5% of the correct torque at 25 mph.

           (ii)   The dynamometer power shall be automatically selected from 
                  an EPA-supplied or EPA-approved look-up table, based upon 
                  the vehicle identification information described in Section 
                  85.2(a)(1). Vehicles not listed in the look-up table and 
                  for which ETW is not available shall be tested using the 
                  following default settings:

PAGE 14                              7/2/96                     TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

Section 85.2                                                      Section 85.2


<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                              Default ASM2525 Actual Horsepower Settings
                                                       For 8.6" Dynamometers HP2525(8)
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Vehicle Type
                   Number of Cylinders           3        4         5 & 6        8          > 8
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  <S>                           <C>      <C>         <C>        <C>         <C>
                  Sedans                        6.7       9.5        11.5       13.7         13.3
                  Station Wagons                6.8       9.7        11.5       13.4         13.3
                  Mini-vans                     8.8      11.7        13.2       14.9         15.3
                  Pickup Trucks                 8.0      10.9        13.6       16.0         17.8
                  Sport/Utility                 8.8      11.2        12.9       16.1         17.8
                  Full Vans                     9.0      11.6        14.7       16.3         17.2
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                               Default ASM2525 Actual Horsepower Settings
                                                       For 20" Dynamometers HP2525(20)
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Vehicle Type
                   Number of Cylinders           3         4        5 & 6        8          > 8
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  <S>                          <C>       <C>        <C>         <C>         <C>
                  Sedans                       6.9       10.1        12.3       14.5         14.3
                  Station Wagons               7.0       10.4        12.2       14.2         14.4
                  Mini-vans                    8.9       12.5        14.0       15.9         16.3
                  Pickup Trucks                8.1       11.4        14.4       16.9         18.8
                  Sport/Utility                8.9       11.8        13.6       17.1         18.8
                  Full Vans                    9.1       12.5        15.5       17.3         18.3
                  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>

                  If the dynamometer speed or torque falls outside the speed 
                  or torque tolerance for more than two consecutive seconds, 
                  or for more than 5 seconds total, the mode timer shall 
                  reset to zero and resume timing. The minimum mode length 
                  shall be determined as described in Section 
                  85.2(d)(2)(iii). The maximum mode length shall be 90 
                  seconds elapsed time (mt=90).

                  During the 10 second period used for the pass decision, the 
                  dynamometer speed shall not fall more than 0.5 mph 
                  (absolute drop, not cumulative).  If the speed at the end 
                  of the 1O second period is more than 0.5 mph less than the 
                  speed at the start of the 1O second period, testing shall 
                  continue until the speed stabilizes enough to meet this 
                  criterion.

            (iii) The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 
                  25 seconds (mt=25).  A pass or fail determination shall be 
                  made for the vehicle and the mode shall be terminated as 
                  follows:

                  (A)   The vehicle shall pass the ASM2525 mode if, at any 
                        point between an elapsed time of 25 seconds (mt=25) 
                        and 90 seconds (mt=90), the 10-second running average 
                        measured values for each pollutant are simultaneously 
                        less than or equal to the applicable test standards 
                        described in Section 85.1(a). If the vehicle passed 
                        the ASM5015 mode, as described in Section 
                        85.2(d)(1)(iii), the ASM2525 mode shall be terminated 
                        upon obtaining passing scores for all three 
                        pollutants.  If the vehicle



PAGE 15                                 7/2/96                 TEST PROCEDURES

<PAGE>

Section 85.2                                                      Section 85.2

                        failed the ASM5015 mode, the ASM2525 mode shall 
                        continue for an elapsed time of 90 seconds (mt=90).

                  (B)   The vehicle shall fail the ASM2525 mode and the mode 
                        shall be terminated if the requirements of Section 
                        85.2(d)(2)(iii)(A) are not satisfied by an elapsed 
                        time of 90 seconds (mt=90).

(e)   Second Chance Tests.

      (1)   If the vehicle fails the first-chance test, the test timer shall 
            reset to zero (tt=O) and a second-chance test shall be performed, 
            except as noted below.  The second-chance test shall have an 
            overall maximum test time of 145 seconds (tt=145) if one mode is 
            repeated, an overall maximum time of 290 seconds (tt=290) if two 
            modes are repeated.

      (2)   Repetition or extension of failed modes for two mode ASM tests. 
            Except in the case of vehicles subject to preconditioning 
            specified in Section 85.2(b)(10(i), if at least 90 seconds of 
            loaded preconditioning is performed, as specified in Section 
            85.2(b)(10)(ii), then the second-chance test may be omitted.

            (i)   If the vehicle failed only the first mode (ASM5015) of the 
                  first chance test, then that mode shall be repeated upon 
                  completion of the second mode (ASM2525).  The repeated mode 
                  shall be performed as described in Section 85.2(d)(1) 
                  except that the provisions of Section 85.2(d)(1)(iv) shall 
                  be omitted.  The test will terminate when the mode ends or 
                  when the vehicle passes, whichever occurs first.

            (ii)  If the vehicle is failing only the second mode (ASM2525) of 
                  the first chance test, then the second mode shall not end 
                  at 90 seconds but shall continue for up to 180 seconds.  
                  Mode and test timers shall not reset but rather continue up 
                  to 180 seconds.  The provisions of Section 85.2(d)(2) shall 
                  continue to apply throughout the 180 second test period.

            (iii) If the vehicle failed both modes (ASM5015 and ASM2525) of 
                  the first chance test, then the vehicle shall receive a 
                  second-chance test for the ASM5015.  If the vehicle fails 
                  the second-chance ASM5015, then the vehicle shall fail the 
                  test.  Otherwise, the vehicle shall also receive a 
                  second-chance ASM2525.

      (3)   Repetition of failed modes for single mode ASM tests.

            (ii)  If the vehicle is failing at the end of the mode then 
                  the test mode shall not end at 90 seconds but shall 
                  continue for up to 180 seconds.  Mode and test timers shall 
                  not reset but rather continue up to 180 seconds.  The 
                  provisions of Section 85.2(d)(1) or Section 85.2(d)(2) 
                  shall continue to apply throughout the 180 second test 
                  period.



PAGE 16                                7/2/96                   TEST PROCEDURES


<PAGE>


Section 85.3   TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

(a)   Dynamometer Specifications.

      (1)   GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

            (i)   Only one diameter of dynamometer shall be used in a program.

            (ii)  The dynamometer structure (e.g., bearings, rollers, pit 
                  plates, etc.) shall accommodate all light-duty vehicles and 
                  light-duty trucks up to 8500 pounds GVWR.

            (iii) Dynamometer ASM load horsepower (HP5015 or HP2525) shall be 
                  automatically selected based on the vehicle parameters in 
                  the test record.

            (iv)  All dynamometers shall have an identification plate 
                  permanently affixed showing at a minimum, the dynamometer 
                  manufacturers name, the system provider's name, production 
                  date, model number, serial number, dynamometer type, 
                  maximum axle weight, maximum HP absorbed, roll diameter, 
                  roll width, base inertia weight, and electrical 
                  requirements.

            (v)   Alternative dynamometer specifications or designs may be 
                  allowed if proposed by a state and upon a determination by 
                  the Administrator that, for the purpose of properly 
                  conducting an approved short test, the evidence supporting 
                  such deviations show that proper vehicle loading will be 
                  applied.

      (2)   POWER ABSORPTION.

            (i)   VEHICLE LOADING.  The vehicle loading used during the ASM 
                  driving cycles shall follow the equation in Section 
                  85.3(a)(2)(ii) at 15 and 25 mph. Unless otherwise noted, 
                  any horsepower displayed during testing shall be expressed 
                  as HP.

            (ii)  IHP = THP - PLHP - GTRL

                  HP = IHP + PLHP
                   Where:
                   HP   = The actual Horsepower value contained in the 
                          look-up table for a vehicle being tested (using the 
                          ASM5015 or 2525) on a dynamometer with the 
                          specified diameter rollers. The actual horsepower 
                          is the sum of the indicated horsepower and the 
                          parasitic losses (PLHP)

                   IHP  = Indicated Horsepower value set on the dynamometer.

                   THP  = Total Horsepower for an ASM test includes 
                          indicated, tire losses, and parasitics. This value 
                          is independent of roll size.

                   GTRL = Generic Tire/Roll Interface Losses at the specified 
                          speed (15 or 25 mph) on a dynamometer with the 
                          specified diameter rollers.

PAGE 17                          7/2/96           TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

<PAGE>

                   PLHP = Parasitic Losses Horsepower due to internal 
                          dynamometer friction.  A value is specific to each 
                          individual dynamometer and speed.

            (iii) RANGE OF POWER ABSORBER.  The range of the power absorber 
                  shall be sufficient to simulate the load required to 
                  perform an ASM5015 and an ASM2525 on all light-duty 
                  vehicles and light-duty trucks up to 8500 pounds GVWR.  The 
                  power absorber shall absorb, at 14 mph and above, a minimum 
                  of 25 horsepower continuously for a steady-state test of at 
                  least 5 minutes, with 3 minutes between each test.

            (iv)  PARASITIC LOSSES.  The parasitic losses (PLHP) in each 
                  dynamometer system (including but not limited to windage, 
                  bearing friction, and system drive friction) shall be 
                  characterized at 15 and 25 mph upon initial acceptance, and 
                  during each dynamometer calibration.  The parasitic power 
                  losses shall be determined as indicated in Section 
                  85.4(b)(2).

            (v)   POWER ABSORBER.  Only electric power absorbers shall be 
                  used unless alternatives are proposed by the state and 
                  approved by the Administrator.  The power absorber shall be 
                  adjustable in 0.1 hp increments at both 15 MPH and 25 MPH. 
                  The accuracy of the power absorber (PAU + parasitic 
                  losses) shall be PLUS OR MINUS 0.25 horsepower or PLUS OR 
                  MINUS 2% of required power, whichever is greater, in either
                  direction of rotation. For field auditing the accuracy shall
                  be PLUS OR MINUS 0.5 horsepower.

            (vii) ACCURACY OVER THE OPERATING RANGE.  The dynamometer's 
                  accuracy when warm shall not deviate more than PLUS OR 
                  MINUS 0.5 horsepower over the full ambient operating range of
                  35 DEG. F to 110 DEG. F.  This may be accomplished by
                  intrinsic design or by software correction techniques. At any
                  constant temperature, the dynamometer shall have an accuracy
                  of PLUS OR MINUS 0.5 horsepower within 15 seconds of the start
                  of the test, and shall have an accuracy of PLUS OR MINUS 0.25 
                  horsepower within 30 seconds of the start of the test. For 
                  temperatures outside the specified range, the dynamometer
                  shall provide correction or proceed with a manufacturer 
                  warm-up sequence until full warm condition has been reached.

      (3)   Rolls.

            (i)   SIZE AND TYPE.  The dynamometer shall be equipped with twin 
                  rolls.  The rolls shall be electrically or mechanically 
                  coupled side-to-side and front-to-rear.  The dynamometer 
                  roll diameter shall be between 8.5 and 21.0 inches.  The 
                  spacing between the roll centers shall comply with the 
                  equation in Section 85.3(a)(3)(ii) to within 0.5 inches 
                  and -0.25 inches of the calculated value.  Fixed 
                  dynamometer rolls shall have an inside track width of no 
                  more than 30 inches and outside track width of at least 
                  100 inches.  Rolls moveable from side-to-side may be used 
                  if adequate measures are taken to prevent tire damage from 
                  lateral vehicle movement and the dynamometer sufficiently 
                  accommodates track widths of the full range of vehicles to 
                  be tested on the dynamometer.  Alternative track widths, 
                  roll sizes, and number of rolls may


PAGE 18                               7/2/96       TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS


<PAGE>

                  be used if approved by the state and the Administrator and 
                  if adequate measures are taken to prevent tire damage from 
                  lateral vehicle movement and the dynamometer sufficiently 
                  accommodates track widths of the full range of vehicles to 
                  be tested on the dynamometer.

            (ii)  Roll Spacing = (24.375+D) * Sin 31.5153

                        D = dynamometer roll diameter.

                        Roll spacing and roll diameter are expressed in inches.

           (iii)  DESIGN.  The roll size, surface finish, and hardness shall 
                  be such that tire slippage is minimized under all weather 
                  conditions; that water removal is maximized; that the 
                  specified accuracy of the distance and speed measurements 
                  are maintained; and that tire wear and noise are minimized.

      (4)   INERTIA.

            (i)   BASE INERTIA.  The dynamometer shall be equipped with 
                  mechanical flywheel(s) or with full inertia simulation 
                  providing a total base inertia weight of 2000 pounds 
                  PLUS/MINUS 40 pounds.  Any deviation from the 2000 pound 
                  base inertia shall be quantified and the coast-down time 
                  shall be corrected accordingly.  Any deviation from the 
                  stated inertia shall be quantified and the inertia simulation
                  shall be corrected accordingly.  The actual inertia weight 
                  shall be marked on the ID plate required in Section 
                  85.3(a)(1)(iv).

            (ii)  INERTIA/INERTIA SIMULATION.  The dynamometer shall be 
                  capable of conducting, at a minimum, diagnostic level 
                  transient inertia simulations with an acceleration rate 
                  between 0 and 3.3 miles per hour per second with a minimum 
                  load (power) of 25 horsepower at 14 mph over the inertia 
                  weight range of 2000 pounds to 6000 pounds.  For the 
                  diagnostic level inertia simulation, the 25 horsepower 
                  criterion is a requirement on acceleration only, while for 
                  the full inertia simulation option, the requirement is for 
                  both acceleration and deceleration.  Mechanical inertia 
                  simulation shall be provided in 500 pound increments; 
                  electric inertia simulation shall be provided in 1 pound 
                  increments.  Any deviation from the stated inertia shall be 
                  quantified and the inertia simulation shall be corrected 
                  accordingly.  Mechanical or electrical inertia simulation, 
                  or a combination of both, may be used, subject to review 
                  and approval by the state.

                  (A)   DIAGNOSTIC LEVEL SIMULATION.

                        1.  SYSTEM RESPONSE.  The torque response to a step 
                            change shall be at least 90% of the requested 
                            change within 300 milliseconds.

                        2.  SIMULATION ERROR.  An inertia simulation error 
                            (ISE) shall be continuously calculated any time 
                            the actual dynamometer speed is between 10 MPH 
                            and 60 MPH.  The ISE shall be calculated by the


PAGE 19                              7/2/96        TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

<PAGE>

                            equation in Section 85.3(a)(4)(ii)(C), and shall 
                            not exceed 3% of the inertia weight selected 
                            (IWs) for the vehicle under test.

                  (B)   FULL INERTIA SIMULATION. (Recommended Option)

                        1.  SYSTEM RESPONSE.  The torque response to a step 
                            change shall be at least 90% of the requested 
                            change within 100 milliseconds after a step 
                            change is commanded by the dynamometer control 
                            system, and shall be within 2% of the commanded 
                            torque by 300 milliseconds after the command is 
                            issued.  Any overshoot of the commanded torque 
                            value shall not exceed 25% of the torque value.

                        2.  SIMULATION ERROR.  An inertia simulation error 
                            (ISE) shall be continuously calculated any time 
                            the actual dynamometer speed is between 10 MPH 
                            and 60 MPH.  The ISE shall be calculated by the 
                            equation in Section 85.3 (a)(4)(ii)(C), and 
                            shall not exceed 1% of the inertia weight 
                            selected (IWs) for the vehicle under test.

                  (C)   INERTIA SIMULATION ERROR CALCULATION.

                        ISE = [(IWs  - It ) / (IWs )] * 100

                                     (1)             t
                        It  = Im  + (--)  -intergral-  (Fm  - Frl) dt
                                     (V)             0       

                        Where:
                        ISE           = Inertia Simulation Error

                        IWs           = Inertia Weight Selected
                          
                        It            = Total inertia being simulated by the 
                                        dynamometer (kg)

                        It (lb force) = It (kg) * 2.2046
                         
                        Im            = Base (mechanical inertia of the 
                                        dynamometer (kg)

                        V             = Measured roll speed (m/s)

                        Fm            = Force measured by the load cell 
                                        (translated to the roll surface) (N)

                        Frl           = Road load force (N) required by IHP 
                                        at the measure roll speed (V)

                        t             = Time (sec)

      (5)   OTHER REQUIREMENTS.

            (i)   VEHICLE SPEED.  The measurement of roll speed shall be 
                  accurate within 0.1 mph over the full operating range.  
                  The dynamometer shall accommodate vehicle speeds of up to 
                  60 mph.

            (ii)  VEHICLE RESTRAINT.  The vehicle shall be restrained during 
                  the driving cycle.  The restraint system shall be designed 
                  to insure that vertical and horizontal


PAGE 20                              7/2/96        TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS

<PAGE>

                  force on the drive wheels does not significantly affect 
                  emission levels.  The restraint system shall allow 
                  unobstructed vehicle ingress and egress and shall be 
                  capable of safely restraining the vehicle under all 
                  reasonable operating conditions without damaging the 
                  suspension system.

            (iii) VEHICLE COOLING.  The test system shall provide for a 
                  method to prevent overheating of the vehicle.  The test 
                  shall be conducted with the hood open and the cooling 
                  system activated when ambient temperature exceeds 72 
                  DEG. F. The cooling method used shall direct air to 
                  the test vehicle's cooling system.  The cooling system 
                  capacity shall be at least 3000 SCFM within 12 inches of 
                  the intake to the vehicle's cooling system.  The cooling 
                  system shall avoid improper cooling of the catalytic 
                  converter.

            (iv)  FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE.  If used, four-wheel drive dynamometers 
                  shall insure the application of correct vehicle loading as 
                  defined in Section 85.3(a)(2), shall not damage the four 
                  wheel drive system of the vehicle, and shall accommodate 
                  vehicles equipped with anti-lock brakes and/or traction 
                  control.  Front and rear wheel rolls shall maintain speed 
                  synchronization within 0.2 mph.

            (v)   INSTALLATION.  Either in-floor or above ground 
                  installations of the dynamometer are acceptable.  In all 
                  cases, installation must be performed so that the test 
                  vehicle is approximately level (PLUS/MINUS 5 DEG.) while on 
                  the dynamometer during testing.

            (vi)  AUGMENTED BRAKING.  Dynamometers shall apply augmented 
                  braking on major decelerations during transient drive 
                  cycles, if such cycles are used in the program.  The 
                  dynamometer software shall provide a signal output to 
                  inform the operator when augmented braking is activated.

(b)   Emission Sampling System.

      (1)   The sampling system shall be designed to insure durable, leak 
            free operation and be easily maintained.  Materials that are in 
            contact with the gases sampled shall not contaminate or change 
            the character of the gases to be analyzed, including gases from 
            vehicles not fueled by gasoline (except diesels). The system 
            shall be designed to be corrosion-resistant and be able to 
            withstand typical vehicle exhaust temperatures when the vehicle 
            is driven through the ASM test cycle for 290 seconds.

      (2)   The sampling system shall draw exhaust gas from the vehicle, 
            shall remove particulate matter and aerosols from the sampled 
            gas, shall drain condensed water from the sample if necessary, 
            and shall deliver the resultant gas sample to the 
            analyzers/sensors for analysis and then deliver the analyzed 
            sample directly outside the building.  The sampling system shall, 
            at a minimum, consist of a tailpipe probe, flexible sample line, 
            water removal system, a particulate trap, sample pump, and flow 
            control components.



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<PAGE>


      (3)   SAMPLE PROBE.

            (i)   INSERTION.  The sample probe shall allow at least a 16 inch 
                  insertion depth of the sample point into the vehicle's 
                  exhaust.  In addition, the probe shall be inserted at least 
                  1O inches into the vehicle's exhaust.  Use of a tailpipe 
                  extension is permitted as long as the extension does not 
                  change the exhaust back pressure by more than PLUS/MINUS 1.0 
                  inch of water pressure.

            (ii)  RETENTION.  The probe shall incorporate a positive means of 
                  retention to prevent it from slipping out of the tailpipe 
                  during use.  High through-put test systems may use 
                  alternative means to insure probe retention.

            (iii) FLEXIBILITY.  The probe shall be designed so that the tip 
                  extends 16 inches into the tailpipe.  The probe tip shall 
                  be shielded so that debris is not scooped up by the probe 
                  when it is inserted into the tailpipe.  High through-put 
                  test systems may use alternative means to insure adequate 
                  probe insertion.

            (iv)  PROBE TIP.  Probe tips shall be designed and constructed to 
                  prevent sample dilution.

            (v)   MATERIALS.  All materials in contact with exhaust gas prior 
                  to and throughout the measurement portion of the system 
                  shall be unaffected by and shall not affect the sample 
                  (i.e., the materials shall not react with the sample, and 
                  they shall not taint the sample).  Acceptable materials 
                  include stainless steel, Teflon, silicon rubber, and 
                  Tedlar.  Dissimilar metals with thermal expansion factors 
                  of more than 5% shall not be used in either the 
                  construction of probes or connectors.  The sample probe 
                  shall be constructed of stainless steel or other 
                  non-corrosive, non-reactive material which can withstand 
                  exhaust gas temperatures at the probe tip of up to 1,000_F 
                  for 10 minutes.

            (vi)  SYSTEM HOSES AND CONNECTIONS.  Hoses and all other sample 
                  handling components must be constructed of, or plated with 
                  a non-reactive, non-corrosive, high temperature material 
                  which will not affect, or be affected by, the exhaust 
                  constituents and tracer gases.

            (vii) DUAL EXHAUST.  The sample system shall provide for the 
                  testing of dual exhaust equipped vehicles.  When testing a 
                  vehicle with functional dual exhaust pipes, a dual sample 
                  probe of a design certified by the analyzer manufacturer to 
                  provide equal flow in each leg shall be used.  The equal 
                  flow requirement is considered to be met if the flow rate 
                  in each leg of the probe has been measured under two sample 
                  pump flow rates (the normal rate and a rate equal to the 
                  onset of low flow), and if the flow rates in each of the 
                  legs are found to be equal to each other (within 15% of the 
                  flow rate in the leg having lower flow).

      (4)   PARTICULATE FILTER.  The particulate filter shall be capable of 
            trapping 97% of all particulate and aerosols 5 microns or larger. 
            The filter element shall not absorb or adsorb hydrocarbons.  The 
            filter housing shall be transparent or translucent to allow the 
            operator to observe the filter element's condition without 
            removing the housing.



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<PAGE>

            The filter element shall be easily replaceable and shall provide for
            reliable sealing after filter element changes.

      (5)   WATER TRAP.  The water trap shall be sized to remove exhaust sample 
            water from vehicles fueled with gasoline, propane, compressed 
            natural gas, reformulated gasoline, alcohol blends or neat, and 
            oxygenated fuels.  The filter element, bowl and housing shall be 
            inert to these fuels as well as to the exhaust gases from vehicles 
            burning these fuels.  The condensed water shall be drained from the 
            water trap's bowl either continuously or automatically on a 
            periodic basis such that the following performance requirement is 
            maintained. Sufficient water shall be trapped, regardless of fuel, 
            to prevent condensation in the sample system or in the optical 
            bench's sample cell.

      (6)   LOW FLOW INDICATION.  The analyzer shall lock out official 
            testing when the sample flow is below the acceptable level. The 
            sampling system shall be equipped with a flow meter (or 
            equivalent) that shall indicate sample flow degradation when 
            measurement error exceeds 3% of the gas value used for checking, 
            or causes the system response time to exceed 13 seconds to 
            90 percent of a step change in input (excluding NO), whichever is 
            less.

      (7)   EXHAUST VENTILATION SYSTEM.  The high quantities of vehicle 
            emissions generated during loaded mode testing shall be properly 
            vented to prevent buildup of hazardous concentrations of HC, CO, 
            C02 and NOx.  Sufficient ventilation shall be provided in the 
            station to maintain HC, CO, C02 and NO levels below OSHA 
            standards.

            (i)   The ventilation system shall discharge the vehicle exhaust
                  outside the building.

            (ii)  The flow of the exhaust collection system shall not cause
                  dilution of the exhaust at the sample point in the probe.

            (iii) The flow of the exhaust collection system shall not cause a
                  change of more than PLUS/MINUS 1.0 inches of water pressure 
                  in the vehicle's exhaust system at the exhaust system outlet.

(c)   Analytical Instruments.

      (1)   GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

            (i)   MEASURED GASES.  The analyzer system shall consist of
                  analyzers for HC, CO, NO, and C02, (02 optional) and digital
                  displays for exhaust concentrations of HC, CO, NO, and C02,
                  and for vehicle speed.

            (ii)  EMISSION ACCURACY.  The system shall ensure that the
                  analytical system provides an accurate accounting of the
                  actual exhaust emissions produced during the test, taking into
                  consideration the individual channel accuracies,
                  repeatabilities, interference effects, sample transport times,
                  and analyzer response times.


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<PAGE>

            (iii) SAMPLE RATE.  The analyzer shall be capable of measuring 
                  exhaust concentrations of the gases specified in 
                  Section 85.3(c)(1)(i) at a minimum rate of once per second.

            (iv)  ALTERNATIVE EQUIPMENT.  Alternative analytic equipment 
                  specification, materials, designs, or detection methods may 
                  be allowed if proposed by a state and upon a determination 
                  by the Administrator, that for the purpose of properly 
                  conducting a test, the evidence supporting such deviations 
                  will not significantly affect the proper measurement of 
                  emissions.

      (2)   PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS.

            (i)   TEMPERATURE OPERATING RANGE.  The analyzer system and all 
                  associated hardware shall operate within the performance 
                  specifications described in Section 85.3(c)(3) at ambient 
                  air temperatures ranging from 35_F to 110_F.  Analyzers 
                  shall be designed so that adequate air flow is provided 
                  around critical components to prevent overheating (and 
                  automatic shutdown) and to prevent the condensation of 
                  water vapor which could reduce the reliability and 
                  durability of the analyzer.  The analyzer system shall 
                  otherwise include necessary features to keep the sampling 
                  system within the specified range.

            (ii)  HUMIDITY OPERATING RANGE.  The analyzer system and all 
                  associated hardware shall operate within the performance 
                  specifications described in Section 85.3(c)(3) at a 
                  minimum of 85% relative humidity throughout the required 
                  temperature range.

            (iii) INTERFERENCE EFFECTS.  The interference effects for 
                  non-interest gases shall not exceed PLUS/MINUS 4 ppm for 
                  hydrocarbons, PLUS/MINUS 0.02% for carbon monoxide, 
                  PLUS/MINUS 0.20% for carbon dioxide, and PLUS/MINUS 20 ppm 
                  for nitric oxide when using the procedure specified in 
                  Section 85.4(d)(5)(iv). Corrections for collision-broadening 
                  effects of combined high CO and C02 concentrations shall be 
                  taken into account in developing the factory calibration 
                  curves, and are included in the accuracy specifications.

            (iv)  BAROMETRIC PRESSURE COMPENSATION.  Barometric pressure 
                  compensation shall be provided.  Compensation shall be made 
                  for elevations up to 6000 feet (above mean sea level).  At 
                  any given altitude and ambient conditions specified in 
                  Section 85.3(c)(2)(i) and (ii), errors due to barometric 
                  pressure changes of PLUS/MINUS 2 inches of mercury shall not 
                  exceed the accuracy limits specified in Section 85.3(c)(3).

            (v)   SYSTEM LOCKOUT DURING WARM-UP.  Functional operation of the 
                  gas sampling unit shall remain disabled through a system 
                  lockout until the instrument meets stability and warm-up 
                  requirements.  The instrument shall be considered "warm" 
                  when the zero and span readings for HC, CO, NO, and C02 
                  have stabilized, within the accuracy values specified in 
                  Section 85.3(c)(3) for five minutes without adjustment.


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<PAGE>

            (vi)   ZERO DRIFT LOCKOUT.  If zero or span drift cause the 
                   optical bench signal levels to move beyond the adjustment 
                   range of the analyzer, the system shall be locked out from 
                   testing.

            (vii)  ELECTROMAGNETIC ISOLATION AND INTERFERENCE.  
                   Electromagnetic signals found in an automotive service 
                   environment shall not cause malfunctions or changes in the 
                   accuracy in the electronics of the analyzer system.  The 
                   instrument design shall ensure that readings do not vary 
                   as a result of electromagnetic radiation and induction 
                   devices normally found in the automotive service 
                   environment, including high energy vehicle ignition 
                   systems, radio frequency transmission radiation sources, 
                   and building electrical systems.

            (viii) VIBRATION AND SHOCK PROTECTION.  System operation shall be 
                   unaffected by the vibration and shock encountered under 
                   the normal operating conditions encountered in an 
                   automotive service environment.

            (ix)   PROPANE EQUIVALENCY FACTOR.  The nominal PEF range shall 
                   be between 0.490 and 0.540. For each audit/calibration 
                   point, the nominal PEF shall be conveniently displayed for 
                   the quality assurance inspector and other authorized 
                   personnel. If an optical bench must be replaced in the 
                   field, any external labels shall be changed to correspond 
                   to the nominal PEF of the new bench.  The analyzer shall 
                   incorporate an algorithm relating PEF to HC concentration. 
                   Corrections shall be made automatically.  The corrected 
                   PEF value may cover the range of 0.470 to 0.560.

            (x)    SYSTEM RESPONSE REQUIREMENTS.  The response time from the 
                   probe to the display for HC, CO, and C02 analyzers shall 
                   not exceed 8 seconds for 90% of a step change in input, 
                   nor shall it exceed 12 seconds to 95% of a step change in 
                   input.  The response time for a step change in 02 from 
                   20.9% 02 to 0. 1% 02 shall be no longer than 40 seconds.  
                   For NO analyzers, the response time shall not exceed 
                   12 seconds for 90% of a step change in input.  The response 
                   time for a step change in NO from a stabilized reading to 
                   10% of that reading shall be no longer than 12 seconds.

      (3)   DETECTION METHODS, INSTRUMENT RANGES, ACCURACY, AND REPEATABILITY.

            (i)    HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS.  Hydrocarbon analysis shall be 
                   determined by nondispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer.  The 
                   analyzer shall cover at least the range of 0 ppm HC to 
                   9999 ppm HC, where ppm HC is parts per million of 
                   hydrocarbon volume as hexane.  The accuracy of the 
                   instrument from 0-2000 ppm HC shall be PLUS/MINUS 3% of 
                   point or 4 ppm C6, whichever is greater.  The accuracy of 
                   the instrument between 2001 ppm HC and 5000 ppm HC shall 
                   be at least PLUS/MINUS 5% of point.  The accuracy of the 
                   instrument between 5001 ppm HC and 9999 ppm HC shall be at 
                   least PLUS/MINUS 10% of point.  The instrument shall 
                   comply with the quality control specifications in Section 
                   85.4(d).

            (ii)   CARBON MONOXIDE ANALYSIS.  Carbon monoxide analysis shall 
                   be determined by non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer. 
                   The analyzer shall cover at least 


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<PAGE>


               the range of 0.00% CO to 14.00% CO, where % CO is % volume CO. 
               The accuracy of the instrument between 0.01% and 10.00% CO 
               shall be PLUS/MINUS 3% of point or 0.02% CO, whichever is 
               greater. The accuracy of the instrument between 10.01% and 
               14.00% shall be at least PLUS/MINUS 5% of point.  The 
               instrument shall comply with the quality control 
               specifications in Section 85.4(d).

         (iii) CARBON DIOXIDE ANALYSIS.  Carbon dioxide analysis shall be 
               determined by non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer.  The 
               analyzer shall cover at least the range of 0.0% CO2 to 18.0% 
               CO2. The accuracy of the instrument between 0.01% and 16.00% 
               CO2 shall be PLUS/MINUS 3% of point or 0.3% CO2, whichever is 
               greater.  The accuracy of the instrument between 16.01% and 
               18.00% shall be at least PLUS/MINUS 5% of point.  The 
               instrument shall comply with the quality control 
               specifications in Section 85.4(d).

          (iv) NITRIC OXIDE ANALYSIS.  The analyzer shall cover at least the 
               range of 0 ppm NO to 5000 ppm NO, where ppm NO is parts per 
               million nitric oxide.  The accuracy of the instrument between 
               0 and 4000 ppm shall be at least PLUS/MINUS 4% of point or 25 
               ppm NO, whichever is greater.  The accuracy of the instrument 
               between 4001 and 5000 ppm shall be at least PLUS/MINUS 8% of 
               point.  The instrument shall comply with the quality control 
               specifications in Section 85.4(d).

           (v) OXYGEN ANALYSIS. (optional) If an oxygen analyzer is included, 
               the analyzer shall cover at least the range of 0.0% O2 to 
               25.0% O2. The accuracy of the instrument over this range shall 
               be at least 5% of point or PLUS/MINUS 0.1% O2, whichever is 
               greater.  The instrument shall comply with the quality control 
               specifications in Section 85.4(d).

          (vi) REPEATABILITY.  The repeatability for the HC analyzer in the 
               range of 0-1400 ppm HC shall be 2% of point or 3 ppm HC 
               absolute, whichever is greater.  In the range of 1400-2000 ppm 
               HC, the repeatability shall be 3% of point.  The repeatability 
               for the CO analyzer in the range of 0-7.00% CO shall be 2% of 
               point or 0.02% CO absolute, whichever is greater.  In the 
               range of 7.00% to 10.00% CO, the repeatability shall be 3% of 
               point.  The repeatability for the CO2 analyzer in the range 
               of 0-10.0% CO2 shall be 2% of point or 0.1% CO2 absolute, 
               whichever is greater. In the range of 10.0% to 16.0% CO2, 
               the repeatability shall be 3% of point.  The repeatability of 
               the NO analyzer shall be 3% of point or 20 ppm NO, whichever 
               is greater.  The repeatability of the O2 analyzer shall be 
               3% of point or 0.1% O2, whichever is greater.

         (vii) ROUNDING RULE.  Rounding beyond the decimal places shown in 
               Section 85.3(c)(3) shall follow the standard mathematical 
               practice of going to the next higher number for any numerical 
               value of five or more.  This shall also hold true for 
               pass/fail decisions.  For example, if 2.00% CO passes and 
               2.01% CO fails, and the reading is 2.0049%, the value shall be 
               rounded down and the decision shall be a pass.  If the reading 
               is 2.0050, the value shall be rounded up and the decision 
               shall be a fail.  The value displayed and printed on the test 
               report shall be consistent with the value used for the 
               pass/fail decision.

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<PAGE>

      (4) AMBIENT CONDITIONS.  The current relative humidity, dry-bulb 
          temperature, and barometric pressure shall be measured and recorded 
          prior to the start of every inspection in order to calculate Kh 
          (nitric oxide correction factor Section 85.1(b)(1)(v)).

          (i)  RELATIVE HUMIDITY.  The relative humidity measurement device 
               shall cover the range from 5% to 95% RH, between 35_F - 110_F, 
               with a minimum accuracy of PLUS/MINUS 3% RH.  Wet bulb 
               thermometers shall not be used.

          (ii) DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE.  The dry-bulb temperature device shall 
               cover the range from 0_F - 140_F with a minimum accuracy of 
               3_F.

         (iii) BAROMETRIC PRESSURE.  The barometric pressure measurement 
               device shall cover the range from 610 mm Hg - 810 mm Hg 
               absolute (24-32 inches), and 35_F - 110_F, with a minimum 
               accuracy of PLUS/MINUS 3% of point or better.

      (5) ENGINE SPEED DETECTION.  The analyzer shall utilize a tachometer 
          capable of detecting engine speed in revolutions per minute (rpm) 
          with a 0.5 second response time and an accuracy of PLUS/MINUS 3% of 
          the true rpm.  Starting in 1998, on vehicles equipped with onboard 
          diagnostic (OBD) systems, the engine speed shall be taken by 
          connecting to the SAE standardized OBD link on 1996 and newer 
          vehicles.  RPM readings shall be recorded on a second-by-second 
          basis for the 10 second period upon which the pass/fail basis is 
          based.

      (6) OBD FAULT CODE RETRIEVAL.  Starting in 1998, the system shall 
          include the hardware and software necessary to access the onboard 
          computer systems on 1996 and newer vehicles, determine OBD 
          readiness, and recover stored fault codes using the SAE 
          standardized link.

(d) Automated Test Process Software and Displays.

      (1) SOFTWARE.  The testing process, data collection, and quality 
          control features of the analyzer system shall be automated to the 
          greatest degree possible.  The software shall automatically select 
          the emission standards and set the vehicle load based on an 
          EPA-provided or approved look-up table.  Vehicle identification 
          information shall be derived from a database accessed over a 
          real-time data system to a host computer system.  Entry of license 
          plate and all or part of the VIN shall be sufficient to access the 
          vehicle record.  Provision shall be made for manual entry of data 
          for vehicles not in the host computer system.

      (2) TEST AND MODE TIMERS.  The analyzer shall be capable of 
          simultaneously determining the amount of time elapsed in a test 
          (overall test time), and in a mode within that test (mode time).

      (3) CLOCKS AND TIMERS.  The clock used to check the coast-down time 
          shall be accurate to within 0.1% of reading between 0.5 and 100 
          seconds, with a resolution of 0.001 seconds.  The test mode timers 
          used shall be accurate to within 0.1% of reading between 10 and 
          1000 seconds with a resolution of 0.1 seconds.


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<PAGE>

      (4) DRIVER'S AID.  The system shall be equipped with a driver's aid 
          that shall be clearly visible to the driver as the test is 
          performed.  The aid shall continuously display the required speed, 
          the number of seconds into the test mode, the driver's actual 
          speed/time performance (a display showing the deviation between 
          set-point and actual driving trace), engine RPM, the use of 
          augmented braking, and necessary prompts and alerts.  The driver's 
          aid shall also be capable of displaying test and equipment status 
          and other messages as required.  Dynamic information being 
          displayed shall be refreshed at a minimum rate of twice per second. 
          Emissions values shall not be displayed during official testing.

      (5) MINIMUM ANALYZER DISPLAY RESOLUTION.  The analyzer electronics 
          shall have sufficient resolution to achieve the following:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
<S>                                   <C>      <C>
              HC                      1        ppm HC as hexane
              NO                      1        ppm NO
              CO                      0.01     % CO
              CO2                     0.1      % CO2
              O2                      0.1      % O2(optional)
              RPM                     10       RPM
              Speed                   0.1      mph
              Load                    0.1      hp
              Relative Humidity       1        % RH
              Dry Bulb Temperature    1        _F
              Barometric Pressure     1        mm HG
</TABLE>




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<PAGE>


Section 85.4   QUALITY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

(a)   General Requirements

      (1) MINIMUMS.  The frequency and standards for quality control 
          specified here are minimum requirements, unless modified as 
          specified in Section 85.4(a)(2). Greater frequency or tighter 
          standards may be used as needed.

      (2) STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL.  Reducing the frequency of the quality 
          control checks, modifying the procedure or specification, or 
          eliminating the quality control checks altogether may be allowed if 
          the state demonstrates and the Administrator determines, for the 
          purpose of properly conducting an approved short test, that 
          sufficient Statistical Process Control (SPC) data exist to make a 
          determination, that the SPC data support such action, and that 
          taking such action will not significantly reduce the quality of the 
          emissions measurements.  Should emission measurement performance or 
          quality deteriorate as a result of allowing such actions, the 
          approval shall be suspended and the frequencies, procedures 
          specifications, or checks specified here or otherwise approved 
          shall be reinstated, pending further determination by the 
          Administrator.

(b)   Dynamometer

      (1) COAST DOWN CHECK.

           (i) The calibration of each dynamometer shall be automatically 
               checked every 72 hours in low volume stations (less than 4000 
               tests per year) and daily in high volume stations by a 
               dynamometer coast-down procedure equivalent to Section 
               86.118-78 (for reference see National Vehicle and Fuel 
               Emission Laboratory's Testing Services Division test procedure 
               TP-302A and TP-202) between the speeds of 30-20 mph if the 
               ASM2525 is used and 20-10 mph if the ASM5015 is used.  All 
               rotating dynamometer components shall be included in the 
               coast-down check.  Speed windows smaller than PLUS/MINUS 5 mph 
               may be used provided that they show the same calibration 
               capabilities.

          (ii) The base dynamometer inertia (2000 pounds) shall be checked at 
               two random horsepower settings for each speed range.  The two 
               random horsepower settings shall be between 8.0 and 18.0 
               horsepower.  A shunt resistor for a load cell performance 
               check shall not be used.

         (iii) The coast-down procedure shall use a vehicle off-dynamometer 
               type method or equivalent.  Using a vehicle to bring the 
               dynamometer up to speed and removing the vehicle before the 
               coast-down shall not be permitted.  If either the measured 
               30-20 mph coast-down time or 20-10 mph coast-down time is 
               outside the window bounded by the Calculated Coast-Down Time 
               (CCDT) (seconds) PLUS/MINUS 7% then it shall be locked out for 
               official testing purposes until recalibration allows a passing 
               value.

                (A) Randomly select an IHP2525 value that is between 8.0 hp 
                    and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.


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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                      Section 85.4

                        Coast-down dynamometer from 30-20 mph.
                                       (0.5 * DIW)       2    2
                                       (---------) * (V   -V   )
                        CCDT @ 25 mph =(    32.2 )     30   20
                                       (---------------------------
                                       (550 * (IHP2525 + PLHP25)
                                                         
                          Where:

                          DIW      =  Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total 
                                      "inertia" weight of all rotating 
                                      components in dynamometer.

                          V30      =  Velocity in feet/sec at 30 mph.
                           
                          V20      =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                           
                          IHP2525  =  Randomly selected ASM2525 indicated
                                       horsepower.

                          PLHP25   =  Parasitic Horsepower for specific 
                                      dynamometer at 25 mph.

                   (B)  Randomly select an IHP5015 value that is between 8.0 
                        hp and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.

                        Coast-down dynamometer from 20-10 mph.

                                       (0.5 * DIW)
                                       (---------)        2    2
                                       (   32.2  )   *(V   -V   )
                        CCDT @ 15 mph =(         )      20   10
                                       (----------------------------
                                       (550 * (IHP5015 + PLHP15 )
                                                         

                          Where:

                          DIW      =   Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                       "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                       components in dynamometer.

                          V20      =   Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                           
                          V10      =   Velocity in feet/sec at 10 mph.
                           
                          IHP5015  =   Randomly selected ASM5015 indicated
                                       horsepower.

                          PLHP15   =   Parasitic Horsepower for specific 
                                       dynamometer at 15 mph.

      (2)  PARASITIC VALUE CALCULATIONS.

           (i)  Parasitic losses shall be calculated using the following 
                equations at 25 and 15 mph whenever a coast-down check is 
                performed.  The indicated horsepower (IHP) shall be set to 
                zero for these tests.  This is only necessary if the 
                coast-down values do not verify in Section 85.4(b)(1)(iii) 
                above.


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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                       Section 85.4

           (ii)   Parasitic losses at 25 mph for a dynamometer with specified
                  diameter rollers.

                                                      2    2
                                    (0.5 * DIW) * (V   -V   )
                                    (---------)     30   20
                                    (  32.2   )
                         PLHP25  =  (----------------------
                                    (     550 * (ACDT)

                             Where:

                             DIW  =    Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                       "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                       components in dynamometer.

                             V30   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 30 mph.
                              
                             V20   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                              
                             ACDT  =  Actual coast-down time required
                                      for dynamometer to coast from 30 to
                                      20 mph.

           (iii)  Parasitic losses at 15 mph for a dynamometer with specified 
                  diameter rollers.

                                                      2    2
                                    (0.5 * DIW) * (V   -V   )
                                    (---------)     20   10
                                    (  32.2   )
                          PLHP15  = (----------------------
                                    (     550 * (ACDT)

                             Where:

                             DIW  =    Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                       "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                       components in dynamometer.

                             V20   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                              
                             V10   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 10 mph.
                              
                             ACDT  =  Actual coast-down time required
                                      for dynamometer to coast from 20 to
                                      10 mph.

      (3)  ROLL SPEED.  Roll speed and roll counts shall be checked at least 
           once per week by an independent means (e.g., photo tachometer).  
           Deviations greater than PLUS/MINUS 0.2 mph or a comparable tolerance
           in roll counts shall require corrective action. Alternatively, a 
           redundant roll speed transducer independent of the primary 
           transducer may be used in lieu of the weekly comparison.  
           Accuracy of redundant systems shall be checked bimonthly.

      (4)  LOAD MEASURING DEVICE.  If the dynamometer fails a coast-down 
           check or requires a recalibration for any other reason, the load 
           measuring device shall be checked using dead-weight method or an 
           equivalent procedure proposed by the state and approved by the 
           Administrator.  The check shall cover at least three points over 
           the range of loads used for vehicle testing.  Dead weights shall 
           be traceable to the National Institute of Standards (NIST) and 
           shall be accurate to within PLUS/MINUS 0.1%. The dynamometer shall 
           provide an automatic load measuring device calibration and 
           verification feature.

      (5)  ACCEPTANCE CHECK.

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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                       Section 85.4

          (i)   LOAD CELL VERIFICATION (if equipped).  This test confirms the 
                proper operation of the dynamometer load cell and associated 
                systems. Weights in the proper range shall be supplied by the 
                system supplier.  Weights shall be NIST traceable to 0.1% of 
                point.

                (A)  Calibrate the load cell according to the manufacturer's 
                     direction.

                (B)  Using a dead weight method, load the test cell to 20%, 
                     40%, 60%, and 80% (in ascending order) of the range used 
                     for ASM testing.  Record the readings for each weight.  
                     Remove the weights in the same steps (descending order) 
                     and record the results.

                (C)  Perform steps A through B two more times (total of 
                     three).  Calculate the average value for each weight.  
                     Multiply each average weight from E by the length of the 
                     torque arm.

                (D)  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The difference for each reading 
                     from the weight shall not exceed 1% of full scale.

          (ii)  SPEEDOMETER VERIFICATION.  This test confirms the accuracy of 
                the dynamometer's speedometer.

                (A)  Set dynamometer speed to 15 mph.  Independently measure 
                     and record dynamometer speed.  Repeat at 25 mph.

                (B)  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The difference for each reading 
                     from set dynamometer speed shall not exceed 0.2 mph.

         (iii)  PARASITICS VERIFICATION.  Parasitic losses shall be 
                calculated using the following equations at 25 and 15 mph.  
                The indicated horsepower (IHP) shall be set to zero for these 
                tests.  Using time versus speed data from the system, 
                calculate PLHP for 25 mph and 15 mph.

               (A)   Parasitic losses at 25 mph for a dynamometer with 
                     specified diameter rollers.

                                                      2    2
                                    (0.5 * DIW) * (V   -V   )
                                    (---------)     30   20
                                    (  32.2   )
                         PLHP25  =  (----------------------
                                    (     550 * (CDT)

                             Where:

                             DIW  =    Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                       "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                       components in dynamometer.

                             V30   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 30 mph.
                              
                             V20   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                              
                             CDT   =  Coast-down time required for
                                      dynamometer to coast from 30 to
                                      20 mph.


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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                       Section 85.4

                (B)  Parasitic losses at 15 mph for a dynamometer with
                     specified diameter rollers.

                                                      2    2
                                    (0.5 * DIW) * (V   -V   )
                                    (---------)     20   10
                                    (  32.2   )
                         PLHP15  =  (----------------------
                                    (     550 * (CDT)

                             Where:

                             DIW  =    Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                       "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                       components in dynamometer.

                             V20   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                              
                             V10   =  Velocity in feet/sec at 10 mph.
                              
                             ACDT  =  Coast-down time required for
                                      dynamometer to coast from 20 to
                                      10 mph.



                (C)   ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The difference between the 
                      externally calculated value and the machine calculated 
                      value shall not exceed 0.25 HP.

          (iv)  VERIFY COAST-DOWN.  The coast-down procedure shall use a 
                vehicle off-dynamometer type method or equivalent.  Using a 
                vehicle to bring the dynamometer up to speed and removing the 
                vehicle before the coast-down shall not be permitted.

                (A)  Randomly select an IHP2525 value that is between 8.0 hp 
                     and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.

                     Coast-down dynamometer from 30-20 mph.
                                                            2     2
                                          (0.5 * DIW) * (V   - V   )
                                          (---------)     30    20
                                          (  32.2   )
                          CCDT @25 mph =  (----------------------------------
                                          ( 550 * (IHP2525yy  + PLHP25 - yy)
                                                                    

                             Where:

                             DIW       =  Dynamometer Inertia Weight. Total
                                          "inertia" weight of all rotating
                                          components in dynamometer.

                             V30       =  Velocity in feet/sec at 30 mph.
                              
                             V20       =  Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.
                              
                             IHP2525   =  Randomly selected ASM2525 indicated
                                          horsepower.

                             PLHP25    =  Parasitic Horsepower for specific
                                          dynamometer at 25 mph.

                (B)  Randomly select an IHP5015 value that is between 8.0 hp 
                     and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.

PAGE 33                    7/2/96                  QUALITY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                      Section 85.4

                        Coast-down dynamometer from 20-10 mph.

                                    (0.5 * DIW)
                                    -----------  *  (V(20)(2) - V(10)(2))
                                    (  32.2   )
                                 = -------------------------------------
                   CCDT @ 15 mph   550 * (IHP5015(yy) + PLHP15-(yy))


                        Where:

                        DIW      = Dynamometer Inertia Weight.  Total "inertia"
                                   weight of all rotating components in 
                                   dynamometer.

                        V(20)    = Velocity in feet/sec at 20 mph.

                        V(10)    = Velocity in feet/sec at 10 mph.

                        IHP5015  = Randomly selected ASM5015 indicated
                                   horsepower.

                        PLHP15   = Parasitic Horsepower for specific dynamometer
                                   at 15 mph.

            (C)   ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The measured 30-20 mph coast-down time
                  and the 20-10 mph coast-down time must be inside the window
                  bounded by CCDT (seconds) PLUS OR MINUS 7%.

(c)   Emission Sampling System.

      (1)   LEAK CHECK.  The entire sample system shall be checked for vacuum
            leaks on a daily basis and proper flow on a continuous basis.
            This may be accomplished using a vacuum decay method, reading a 
            span gas, or other methods proposed by a state and approved by the 
            Administrator.  The analyzer shall not allow an error of more than 
            1% of reading using the high-range span gas described in Section 
            85.4(d)(2)(iii)(C). The analyzer shall be locked out from testing 
            if the leak check is not performed when due or fails to pass the 
            check.

      (2)   DILUTION.  The flow rate on the analyzer shall not cause more than 
            10% dilution during sampling of exhaust of a 1.6 liter engine a 
            normal idle.  Ten percent dilution is defined as a sample of 90% 
            exhaust and 10% ambient air.

      (3)   DILUTION ACCEPTANCE TEST.

            (i)   Set vehicle with 1.6 liter maximum engine displacement at 
                  factory - recommended idle speed, OEM configuration exhaust
                  system, transmission in neutral, hood up (a fan to cool the
                  engine may be used if needed).  Set idle speed not to exceed
                  920 RPM.  (Set for 900 RPM with a tolerance PLUS OR MINUS 
                  20 RPM.)

           (ii)   With a laboratory grade analyzer system, sample the exhaust 
                  at 40 centimeters depth with a flow sample rate below 320 
                  liters per hour.  Allow sufficient time for this test.  
                  Record all HC, CO, NO, CO(2), and O(2) readings.

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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                      Section 85.4

                  A chart recorder or electronically stored data may be used to
                  detect the point of stable readings.

          (iii)   While operating the candidate analyzer system in a mode which
                  has the same flow rate as the official test mode, record the
                  levels of HC, CO, NO, CO(2), and O(2).  Ensure that the probe
                  is installed correctly.

           (iv)   Repeat step (ii).

            (v)   ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: If the difference of the readings between
                  (ii) and (iv) exceed five percent of the average of (ii) and 
                  (iv), repeat (ii), (iii), and (iv); otherwise average (ii) 
                  and (iv) and compare with (iii).  If (iii) is within 10 
                  percent of the average of (ii) and (iv), then the equipment 
                  meets the dilution specification.

(d)   Analytic Instruments.

      (1)   GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.  The analyzer shall, to the extent possible,
            maintain accuracy between gas calibrations taking into account all
            errors, including noise, repeatability, drift, linearity,
            temperature, and barometric pressure.

      (2)   TWO-POINT GAS CALIBRATION AND LOW-RANGE AUDIT.

            (i)  Analyzers shall automatically require a zero gas calibration 
                 and a high-range gas calibration for HC, CO, NO, and CO(2). 
                 The system shall also use a low-range gas to check the 
                 calibration in the range of vehicle emission standards.  In 
                 high volume stations (4000 or more tests per year), analyzers 
                 shall be calibrated within four hours before each test.  In 
                 low volume stations (below 4000 tests per year), analyzers 
                 shall be calibrated within 72 hours before each test.  If 
                 the system does not calibrate or is not calibrated, the 
                 analyzer shall lock out from testing until corrective action 
                 is taken.

           (ii)  GAS CALIBRATION AND CHECK PROCEDURE.  Gas calibration shall 
                 be accomplished by introducing span gases that meet the
                 requirements of 85.4(d)(2)(iii) into the calibration port. 
                 The pressure in the sample cell shall be the same with the 
                 calibration gas flowing as with the sample flowing during 
                 testing.  The analyzer channels shall be adjusted to the 
                 center of the allowable tolerance range as a result of the 
                 calibration.  The system shall record the gas reading data 
                 from before the adjustment and other data pertinent to 
                 control charting, analyzer performance.

                 (A)  Zero the analyzer and perform a leak check.

                 (B)  Calibrate the analyzer using the high-range calibration 
                      gas specified in Section 85.4(d)(2)(iii).

                 (C)  Introduce the low-range check as specified in Section
                      85.4(d)(2)(iii). If the low-range check gas readings 
                      differ from the label value by more than PLUS OR MINUS 
                      2%, the analyzer shall be locked out from testing.

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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                      Section 85.4

          (iii)   The following gases shall be used for the 2-point 
                  calibration and low-range audit.

                  (A) Zero Gas
                      02   =    20.7%
                      HC   <    1 ppm THC
                      CO   <    1 ppm
                      CO(2)<    400 ppm
                      NO   <    1 ppm
                      N(2) =    Balance 99.99% pure

                  (B) Low-Range Audit Gas
                      HC   =    200 ppm propane
                      CO   =    0.5%
                      CO(2)=    6.0%
                      NO   =    300 ppm
                      N(2) =    Balance 99.99% pure

                  (C) High-Range Calibration Gas
                      HC   =    3200 ppm propane
                      CO   =    8.0%
                      C0(2)=    12.0%
                      NO   =    3000 ppm
                      N(2) =    Balance 99.99% pure

           (iv)   TRACEABILITY.  The audit and span gases used for the gas 
                  calibration shall be traceable to National Institute of 
                  Standards and Technology (NIST) standards PLUS OR MINUS 1%. 
                  Gases shall have a zero blend tolerance.  Stations that 
                  use large capacity gas bottles (size B or larger) and that 
                  provide a quality control check to insure proper entry of gas 
                  values, may use gases with a blend tolerance of up to 5%. 
                  Gases with a 5% blend tolerance may also be used by any 
                  station if the analyzer system reads the bar-coded 
                  calibration gas bottle specifications and adjusts the 
                  calibration accordingly.

      (3)   FIVE-POINT CALIBRATION AUDIT.

            (i)   Analyzers shall automatically require and successfully pass 
                  a five point gas audit for HC, CO, NO, and CO(2).  For high 
                  volume stations, audits shall be checked monthly.  In low 
                  volume stations, analyzers shall undergo the audit procedure 
                  every six months.

           (ii)   GAS AUDIT PROCEDURE.  Calibration auditing shall be 
                  accomplished by introducing audit gas through the probe. 
                  The pressure in the sample cell shall be the same with the 
                  audit gas flowing as with the sample flowing during testing.

                  (A) Zero the analyzer and perform a leak check.

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<PAGE>

Section 85.4                                                      Section 85.4

                  (B) Flow the low range audit gas specified in Section 
                      85.4(d)(3)(iii) through the sample probe, ensuring 
                      that the tip is equal to ambient barometric pressure 
                      PLUS OR MINUS 0.1 inches Hg (a balloon teed into the 
                      gas flow line is an acceptable pressure indicator; 
                      the balloon should stand slightly erect).

                  (C) When the HC, CO, NO, and CO(2) readings have stabilized 
                      (no less than 20 seconds of gas flow) record them as 
                      well as the PEF value at each audit blend.

                  (D) Repeat steps B and C for each audit gas specified in 
                      Section 85.4(d)(3)(iii).

                  (E) Compare the readings with the audit gas values. Divide 
                      the HC reading by its PEF using the following 
                      relationship:

                                                (Reading - Cylinder Value)
                                                --------------------------
                           Tolerance % = 100 *        Cylinder Value

                  (F) If the tolerance exceeds PLUS OR MINUS 4.0% for CO, CO(2),
                      and HC/PEF, or PLUS OR MINUS 5.0% for NO, then the 
                      analyzer shall fail the gas audit and shall be locked 
                      out from testing until it passes.

          (iii)   The following gases shall be used for the five-point 
                  calibration audit.

                  (A) Zero Audit Gas
                      O2   =   20.7% (if O2 span is desired)
                      HC   <   0.1 ppm THC
                      CO   <   0.5 ppm
                      CO(2)<   1 PPM
                      NO   <   0.1 ppm
                      N(2) =   Balance 99.99% pure

                  (B) Low Range Audit Gas
                      HC   =   200 ppm propane
                      CO   =   0.5%
                      CO(2)=   6.0%
                      NO   =   300 ppm
                      N(2) =   Balance 99.99% pure

                  (C) Low-Middle Range Audit Gas
                      HC   =   960 ppm propane 
                      CO   =   2.4%
                      CO(2)=   3.6%
                      NO   =   900 ppm
                      N(2) =   Balance 99.99% pure

                  (D) High-Middle Range Audit Gas
                      HC   =   1920 ppm propane
                      CO   =   4.8%

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<PAGE>

                           C0(2) = 7.2%
                           NO    = 1800 ppm
                           N(2)  = Balance 99.99% pure

                      (E)  High Range Audit Gas 
                           HC    = 3200 ppm propane
                           CO    = 8.0%
                           C0(2) = 12.0% 
                           NO    = 3000 ppm
                           N(2)  = Balance 99.99% pure

     (iv)  TRACEABILITY.  The gases used for the audit shall be traceable to
           National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards 
           PLUS OR MINUS 1%. Gases shall have a zero blend tolerance.

(4)  SERVICE, REPAIR AND MODIFICATION.

     (i)   Each time an analyzer's emissions measurement system, sensor, or 
           other related electronic components are repaired or replaced, the 
           calibration audit required in Section 85.4(d)(3) shall be performed,
           at a minimum, prior to returning the unit to service.

     (ii)  Each time the sample line integrity is broken, a leak check shall be
           performed prior to testing.

(5)  ACCEPTANCE TESTING.

     (i)   ANALYZER ACCURACY.  This test confirms the ability of the candidate 
           instruments to read various concentrations of gases within the 
           tolerances required by this specification.  The test compares the 
           response of the candidate instrument with that of standard 
           instruments, and also estimates the uncertainty of the readings.

           The analyzer shall be zeroed and gas calibrated using the high-range
           calibration gas.  The instrument shall be tested using propane, 
           carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and nitric oxide in nitrogen, with
           a certified accuracy of PLUS OR MINUS 1%, in the following 
           concentrations: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% of
           full scale for the analyzers.  Full scale is defined in Section 
           85.3(c)(3).

           (A)  Introduce the gases in ascending order of concentrations 
                beginning with the zero gas.  Record the readings of the 
                standard and candidate instruments to each concentration value.

           (B)  After the highest concentration has been introduced and 
                recorded, introduce the same gases to the standard and candidate
                analyzers in descending order, including the zero gas.  Record 
                the reading of analyzers to each gas, including negatives (if 
                any).

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<PAGE>

           (C)  Repeat steps A and B for the candidate only, four more times
                (total of five times).

           (D)  Calculations:

                1.   Calculate the average value of each concentration for the 
                     readings of the standard instruments.

                2.   Calculate the mean and standard deviation of each 
                     candidate's readings for each concentration.  Include both
                     upscale and downscale readings for the same gas 
                     concentration. (All calculations may not be possible for 
                     zero concentrations.)

                3.   For each concentration, calculate the difference between 
                     the candidate mean and the standard average.

                4.   For each concentration, compute the following:
                     (i)   Y(1) = x + K(sd)
                     (ii)  Y(2) = x - K(sd)
                     Where
                       K(sd) = std dev * 3.5 for zero and the highest 
                               concentration value
                       K(sd) = std dev * 2.5 for all other concentration values
                       x = mean (arithmetic average) of the set of candidate 
                           readings.

                5.   Compute the uncertainty (U) of the calibration curve for 
                     each concentration as follows:

                     (i)   U(1) = concentration value - Y(1)
                     (ii)  U(2) = concentration value - Y(2)

                6.   ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA:

                     (a)  For each concentration, the differences calculated in
                          Step 3 shall be no greater than the accuracy 
                          tolerances specified in Section 85.3(c)(3) for each 
                          instrument.

                     (b)  For each concentration, the uncertainties, (U(1) 
                          and U(2)) shall be no greater than the accuracy 
                          tolerances required in Section 85.3(c)(3).

     (ii)  ANALYZER SYSTEM REPEATABILITY.  This test characterizes the
           ability of the instrument to give consistent readings when
           repeatedly sampling the same gas concentration.

           (A)  Using an 80% full scale gas, introduce the gas through the
                calibration port.  Record the readings.

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<PAGE>

           (B)  Purge with ambient air for at least 30 seconds but no more than
                60 seconds.

           (C)  Repeat steps A and B above four more times.

           (D)  Repeat steps A, B, and C, introducing the gas through the 
                sample probe.

           (E)  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The differences between the highest and
                lowest readings from both ports shall not exceed the values
                specified in Section 85.3(c)(3)(vi).

     (iii) ANALYZER SYSTEM RESPONSE TIME.  This test determines the speed of 
           response of the candidate instrument when a sample is introduced at
           the sample probe.

           (A)  Gas calibrate the candidate instrument per the manufacturer's
                instructions.

           (B)  Using a solenoid valve or equivalent selector system, remotely
                introduce an 80% full scale gas to the probe.  The gas pressure
                at the entrance to the probe shall be equal to room ambient.

           (C)  Measure the elapsed time required for the instrument display to
                read 90% and 95% of the final stabilized reading for HC, CO, 
                C0(2) and NO. (Optional: Also, measure the time required for 
                the 0(2) analyzer to read 0.1% 0(2)).  Alternatively the bench 
                outputs may be recorded against a time base to determine the 
                response time. Record all times in seconds.

           (D)  Switch the solenoid valve to purge with zero air for at least 40
                seconds but no more than 60 seconds.

           (E)  Measure the elapsed time required for the NO instrument display
                to read 10% of the stabilized reading in Step C.

           (F)  Repeat steps A, B, and C, two more times (total three times).

           (G)  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The response (drop time for 0(2) and NO; 
                rise time for HC, CO, C0(2) and NO) times shall meet the 
                requirement specified in Section 85.3(c)(2)(x).  The response 
                time shall also be within PLUS OR MINUS 1 second of the nominal
                response time supplied by the equipment supplier for use in 
                Section 85.5(b)(5).

     (iv)  ANALYZER INTERFERENCE EFFECTS.  The following acceptance test
           procedure shall be performed at 45 DEG. F, 75 DEG. F, and 
           105 DEG. F conditions, except as noted.

           (A)  Zero and span the instrument.

           (B)  Sample the following gases for at least one minute.  Record the
                response of each channel to the presence of these gases.

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<PAGE>


               1.   16% Carbon Dioxide in Nitrogen.

               2.   1600 ppm Hexane in Nitrogen.

               3.   10% Carbon Monoxide in Nitrogen.

               4.   3000 ppm Nitric Oxide in Nitrogen.

               5.   75 ppm Sulfur Dioxide (SO(2)) in Nitrogen.

               6.   75 ppm Hydrogen Sulfide (H(2)S) in Nitrogen.

          (C)  WATER-SATURATED HOT AIR.  Water-saturated hot air shall be drawn
               through the probe from the top of a sealed vessel partially 
               filled with water through which ambient air will be bubbled.  The
               water shall be maintained at a temperature of 122 DEG. F PLUS 
               OR MINUS 9 DEG. F. This test shall be performed at only the 
               75 DEG. F, and 105 DEG. F conditions.

          (D)  ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The interference effects shall not exceed 
               the limits specified in Section 85.3(c)(2)(iii).

     (v)  ELECTROMAGNETIC ISOLATION AND INTERFERENCE.  This test shall measure 
          the ability of the candidate instrument to withstand electromagnetic 
          fields which could exist in vehicle testing and repair facilities.  
          For all tests described below, sample "Low-Middle Range Audit Gas" 
          specified in Section 85.4(d)(3)(iii)(C), at atmospheric pressure, 
          through the sample probe.  Record analyzer reading during test 
          periods.

          (A)  RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE TEST.

               1.   Use a test vehicle with an engine having a high energy 
                    ignition system (or equivalent), a solid core coil wire 
                    and a 3/8" air gap. Leave engine off.

               2.   Locate the candidate instrument within 5 feet of the 
                    ignition coil.  Gas calibrate the candidate instrument.

               3.   Sample gas specified above.  Wait 20 seconds, and record 
                    analyzer readings.

               4.   Start engine.  With the hood open and gas flowing to the 
                    analyzer, cycle the engine from idle through 25 mph on the
                    dynamometer at ASM loads and record the analyzer readings.

               5.   Relocate the instrument to within 6 inches of one side of 
                    the vehicle near the engine compartment.  Follow procedure
                    described in step 4 and record analyzer readings.

               6.   Relocate the instrument to within 6 inches of the other side
                    of the vehicle near the engine compartment.  Follow 
                    procedure described in step 4 and record analyzer readings.

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<PAGE>

         7.   ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The analyzer readings shall deviate no more
              than 0.5% full scale.

    (B)  INDUCTION FIELD TEST.  Use a variable speed (commutator type) hand 
         drill having a plastic housing and rated at 3 amps or more.  While 
         the analyzer is sampling the gas, vary the drill speed from zero to 
         maximum while moving from the front to the sides of the instrument 
         at various heights.

         ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The analyzer readings shall deviate no more
         than 0.5% full scale.

    (C)  LINE INTERFERENCE TEST.  Plug the drill used in part B above into 
         one outlet of a #16-3 wire extension cord approximately 20 feet 
         long. Connect the instrument into the other outlet of the extension 
         cord.  Repeat part B above.

         ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The analyzer readings shall deviate no more
         than 0.5% full scale.

    (D)  VHF BAND FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE TEST.  Locate both a citizens ban 
         radio (CB), with output equivalent to FCC legal maximum, and a 
         highway patrol transmitter (or equivalent) within 50 feet of the 
         instrument.  While the analyzer is sampling the gas, press and 
         release transmit button of the both radios several times.

         ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The analyzer readings shall deviate no more
         than 0.5% full scale.

    (E)  AMBIENT CONDITIONS INSTRUMENTS.  Upon installation and every six 
         months thereafter, the performance of the ambient conditions 
         instruments shall be cross checked against a master weather station.

         ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA: The individual instruments shall be within
         the tolerance specified in Section 85.3(c)(4).



PAGE 42                            7/2/96         QUALITY CONTROL REQUIREMENTS


<PAGE>

Section 85.5   TEST RECORD INFORMATION

         The following information shall be collected for each test
         performed (both passing and failing tests), recorded in electronic
         form, and made available to EPA upon request.

    (a)  GENERAL INFORMATION.

         (1)  Test Record Number
         (2)  Inspection station and inspector numbers
         (3)  Test system number
         (4)  Dynamometer site
         (5)  Date of test
         (6)  Emission test start time and the time final emission scores are
              determined.
         (7)  Vehicle identification number
         (8)  License plate number
         (9)  Test certificate number
         (10) Vehicle model year, make, and type
         (11) Number of cylinders or engine displacement
         (12) Transmission type
         (13) Odometer reading
         (14) Type of test performed (i.e., initial test, first retest, or
              subsequent retest)

    (b)  AMBIENT TEST CONDITIONS.

         (1)  Relative humidity (%)
         (2)  Dry-bulb temperature (-F)
         (3)  Atmospheric pressure (mm Hg)
         (4)  NO correction factor
         (5)  Nominal response time for each instrument (Transport + T90)

    (c)  ASM MODE OR MODES.  The following information shall be captured
         separately for each test mode (ASM5015 and/or ASM2525) performed.

         (1)  Final HC running average (AvgHC) (ppm)
         (2)  Final CO running average (AvgCO) (%)
         (3)  Final NO running average (AvgNO) (ppm)
         (4)  Total horsepower used to set the dynamometer (THP5015) (hp)
         (5)  Engine RPM running average corresponding to the final test score
         (6)  Dilution correction factor (DCF)

    (d)  DIAGNOSTIC/QUALITY ASSURANCE INFORMATION.

         (1)  Test time (seconds)
         (2)  Mode time (seconds)
         (3)  Vehicle speed (mph) for each second of the test
         (4)  Engine RPM for each second of the test
         (5)  Dynamometer load (pounds) for each second of the test
         (6)  HC concentration (ppm) for each second of the test, not corrected
              for dilution
         (7)  CO concentration (%) for each second of the test, not corrected 
              for dilution
         (8)  NO concentration (ppm) corrected for humidity for each second of
              the test, not corrected for dilution


PAGE 43                                   7/2/96       TEST RECORD INFORMATION

<PAGE>





         (9)  C0(2) concentration (%) for each second of the test
                
         (10) 0(2) concentration (%) for each second of the test (optional)
               







PAGE 44                                   7/2/96       TEST RECORD INFORMATION

<PAGE>


                                   EXHIBIT B

                ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

The Contractor shall comply with the equipment requirements of this Section.  
Computerized test systems are required for performing measurements on subject 
vehicles.  These computerized test systems shall conform to the performance 
features and functional characteristics of ASM 2525.

The Contractor shall install equipment in each station to implement the 
required inspection network.  All equipment shall be maintained according to 
good engineering practices to assure test accuracy.  "System" means the 
entire inspection network including, without limitation, program hardware, 
software, and equipment.  The System shall be designed in a manner to allow 
each inspection station to operate asynchronously and independently from each 
of the other stations (e.g. if a station was closed for any reason, other 
stations could continue testing operations).

      A.    Functional Requirements

            The System shall measure unburned hydrocarbons (HC), nitric oxide
            (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) exhaust emissions from gasoline
            powered light-duty and medium-duty vehicles, and perform gas cap
            pressure tests and tamper inspections.  The System shall control
            the operation and data collection of all tests conducted.  The
            System shall generate printed vehicle inspection reports (VIRs)
            which shall serve as certificates of compliance, noncompliance,
            waiver, rejection, or permanent exemption for vehicles requiring
            inspection.

            1.    A method shall be provided for automatically printing
                  inspection reports and certificates of compliance.
                  Inspection information shall be printed legibly onto 
                  pre-printed inspection certificates.  The Contractor shall
                  provide the preprinted inspection certificates used in the
                  program for OEPA's approval.

            2.    The State shall allow the Contractor access to the OBMV
                  registration data file for vehicle license plate numbers,
                  vehicle identification numbers, vehicle model years,
                  certificate identification numbers and certificate dates,
                  using State created tapes formatted pursuant to the
                  OEPA/Envirotest/MARTA Compatibility Specification.  This
                  access shall allow the Contractor to input certain
                  inspection information in the data file provided by the
                  OBMV.  The Cost for creating tapes is to be borne by the
                  Contractor.

            3.    The Contractor shall provide a method to allow the System
                  to test vehicles asynchronously.  Entry of the vehicle
                  identification data subsequent to testing shall allow for
                  automated compliance determinations, storage of data and
                  printing of test reports.

                  As vehicle identification data are entered into the System,
                  information shall


                                       16

<PAGE>

                  be limit-checked to minimize operator errors.  If data are
                  rejected as a result of a limit-check, a message shall be 
                  displayed prompting the inspector to correct the error.  
                  Vehicle testing data processing shall proceed independently 
                  in all lanes.

                  Each lane in the Contractor's network shall be equipped with a
                  bar code reader.  The bar code reader shall be used for
                  scanning number bar codes on dashboards when the codes are
                  produced on vehicles.

            4.    The System shall have the capability to accept commands to
                  terminate testing of a vehicle and purge the exhaust gas
                  sampling system.  The commands will dictate whether the
                  vehicle is to be retested or excluded from further testing.
                  If the vehicle is to be retested, the test sequence will be
                  repeated.  If the vehicle is to be excluded from further
                  testing, an inspection report shall not be generated.  Data
                  for an aborted test shall be documented in the bulk storage
                  medium.

            5.    The System shall assure that emission measurements are valid.
                  The means of assuring validity shall be determined, including
                  the sample rates, stabilization checks, and software
                  smoothing techniques.  Software changes may be required to
                  include additional standards in the System.

            6.    The System shall provide for manual and automatic gas analyzer
                  span and zero drift checking and correction pursuant to the
                  U.S. EPA ASM document.  The method of correcting data for span
                  and zero drift shall be subject to the approval of OEPA.

            7.    The analyzer shall perform an automatic zero, an ambient air
                  reading, and an HC hang-up check prior to each test.  This
                  process shall occur within two minutes of the start of the
                  test.

            8.    The System shall provide for manual and automatic sample
                  system back-purging and water removal unit draining.
                  Automatic back-purging and water removal unit draining shall
                  be conducted prior to each test.

            9.    The System shall provide for automatic sample system HC/CO/NO
                  hang-up checking.  Automatic HC/CO/NO hang-up checks shall be
                  conducted prior to each test.  If the HC/CO/NO levels present
                  in the ambient air exceed 15 parts per million (ppm) HC or
                  0.02% CO, and 25 ppm NO; and the residual HC in the sampling
                  system (probe sample - ambient air reading) exceeds 7 ppm HC,
                  the System shall prevent further testing and return to the
                  automatic back-purging mode.  The System shall automatically
                  alternate between the back-purge mode and the HC/CO/NO hang-up
                  check mode until the measured levels of HC/CO/NO hang-up are
                  below the allowable limits pursuant to the U.S. EPA ASM
                  document.


                                       17

<PAGE>

            10.   The System shall provide for automatic sample flow
                  monitoring.  The System shall prevent testing if sample
                  flow drops below a point that adversely affects the
                  HC/CO/NO measurements.  The sampling system shall be
                  equipped with a flow meter (or equivalent) that shall
                  indicate sample flow degradation when meter error exceeds
                  three percent (3%) of full scale, or causes system
                  response time to exceed thirteen (13) seconds to ninety
                  percent (90%) of a step change in input, whichever is
                  less.

      B.    Equipment Specifications

            Where the specification calls for specific assemblies or 
            subsystems, the intent is to define a performance standard for 
            the System.  The Contractor may arrange the equipment physically 
            in any reasonable manner so long as the alternative is 
            functionally equivalent to that described herein.  The Contractor 
            shall demonstrate that the performance standards have been met if 
            an alternative configuration is proposed.  The Contractor shall 
            incorporate calibrations, adjustments, and quality control 
            standards into the System pursuant to the U.S. EPA ASM document.

            1.    Sample Conditioner

                  The equipment to be provided as part of the sample
                  conditioning unit includes the following:

                  a.  Exhaust gas sample probe assemblies with flexible
                      sample lines;

                  b.  Coalescent filter for water removal;

                  c.  Solenoid valves and fittings as required;

                  d.  Particulate filters; and

                  e.  Input ports and plumbing to accept externally supplied
                      calibration gases.

                  Vehicle exhaust gas shall be sampled using a probe with a
                  thermally insulated grip and a sample line consisting of
                  non-contaminating material suitable for heavy-duty service.
                  Insulation shall be such that the temperature of the
                  handgrip does not exceed 120 degrees Fahrenheit during
                  normal use.  The System shall simultaneously sample exhaust
                  gases from all vehicle exhaust pipes.

                  The System shall include an automated method of checking
                  for exhaust sample dilution.  This method shall include the
                  use of additional gas analysis equipment such as C0(2)
                  analyzers.

                  The probe design shall be such that it will not slip out of
                  the vehicle tailpipe


                                       18

<PAGE>

                  when in use.  The probe shall be flexible enough to extend
                  into a curved tailpipe at least ten (10) inches.  A tight
                  fitting tailpipe extension device may be employed to prohibit
                  sample dilution.  The sample line shall be oil-resistant and
                  of such composition that molecular hydrocarbon hang-up will
                  be minimized.  The sample line length shall be at least
                  twenty (20) feet in length.  The line shall be able to
                  withstand distortion and return to its original shape when a
                  vehicle loaded to twenty thousand (20,000) pounds per axle is
                  driven over it.

                  A coalescent filter shall remove water from the exhaust gas
                  sample of the vehicle prior to gas analysis.

      2.    Exhaust Gas Analyzers

            a.    Each permanent gas analyzer assembly for testing 
                  gasoline-fueled vehicle shall include the following:

                  *NDIR CO Analyzer(s)
                  *NDIR C0(2) Analyzer(s)
                  *NDIR HC Analyzer(s)
                  *NDIR NO Analyzer(s)

            b.    All exhaust gas analyzers shall meet the performance
                  standards established by the California Bureau of
                  Automotive Repair (BAR) 97 certified emissions analyzers.
                  Instruments supplied pursuant to this specification, or
                  the major components thereof, shall be approved by OEPA in
                  accordance with approved Acceptance Test Procedures in the
                  technical specifications for the ASM 2525 and Quick Test
                  referenced in Paragraph 3.B. and Exhibit B at paragraph E.

      3.    Flow Controller

            The flow controller shall regulate ambient air, exhaust sample,
            span gas, and calibration gas.  The sampling system shall be
            equipped with a warning that alerts the operator when the sample
            flow is not within operating requirements.  The test shall not
            proceed until the sample flow is brought within operating
            requirements.


                                       19



<PAGE>

      4.    Standard Gas Unit

            The standard gas unit shall include all gas bottles, regulators,
            stainless steel plumbing, gas cart, fittings and manifolds
            necessary to provide gases for automated zeroing and spanning of
            gas analyzers and periodic calibration checks.

            The Contractor shall be required to obtain gases blended and
            analyzed to an accuracy of plus or minus one percent (+/- 1%)
            traceable to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), Standard
            Reference Materials (SRM's) for calibration purposes from a vendor
            which has California BAR certification.  Sufficient calibration
            gases shall be available to perform periodic multi-point
            calibration checks for each range used on each analyzer.

      5.    Chassis Dynamometer

            Each inspection lane shall be equipped with a chassis 
            dynamometer. The Contractor shall use the currently installed 
            dynamometers. The chassis dynamometer shall provide rolls to 
            support the drive wheels of front or rear-wheel-drive vehicles 
            and permit their continuous rotation.  The power generated by the 
            vehicle engine and delivered to the rolls through the tire treads 
            shall be transmitted to a power absorption device.  The load may 
            be established by the physical design characteristics of the 
            absorber or by automatic control.

            The frame and roll assemblies shall be mounted at floor level in 
            a manner to permit all vehicles to be driven over the rolls to 
            the test position, be tested in a level attitude, and be driven 
            off after the test.  A between-rolls platform and roll brakes 
            shall enable easy movement of the vehicles on and off of the 
            dynamometer.

            The steady state loaded mode chassis dynamometer shall meet the
            following specifications:

            a.     Power absorption: The dynamometer shall be capable of 
                   applying a load to the vehicle's driving tire surfaces at 
                   the horsepower (HP) and speeds specified in the U.S. EPA 
                   ASM document;

            b.     Repeatability of power absorption at a constant speed for 
                   any one weight class and cruise level shall be within two 
                   percent (2%) of the measured value;

            c.     Power absorption at constant speed shall not drift more
                   than 0.5 HP during any single test mode;

            d.     The dynamometer shall be capable of supporting a drive
                   over axle


                                   20

<PAGE>


                   weight up to and including ten thousand (10,000) pounds;

            e.     Roll wheel lifts shall be controllable and capable of
                   lifting individual axle loads of six thousand (6,000)
                   pounds;

            f.     Both roll brakes shall be locked when the wheel lift is
                   up;

            g.     Electrical output signals shall provide a digital
                   presentation of dynamometer speed;

            h.     Each roll shall have a diameter of not less than eight (8) 
                   inches.  The rolls shall be spaced so that a tire whose 
                   radius is thirteen (13) inches shall contact the rolls 
                   with an included angle from the wheel center to the roll 
                   centers of not less than fifty-eight (58) and not more 
                   than sixty-three (63) degrees.  The rolls shall provide a 
                   contact surface not less than ninety-six (96) inches wide. 
                   If the rolls are divided, the inner-end to inner-end 
                   dimension shall not be more than thirty (30) inches;

            i.     Speed meters or their functional equivalent shall be 
                   provided in the digital Test Display Unit having single 
                   scale lengths of not less than seven and five-tenths (7.5) 
                   inches and shall indicate zero (0) to sixty (60) miles per 
                   hour;

            j.     Provisions shall be included in the instrumentation system 
                   to calibrate the dynamometer for speed.  The calibration 
                   unit shall consist of all devices and accessories 
                   necessary to perform periodic calibration and adjustment 
                   of the dynamometer to specifications;

            k.     A roll speed sensor and safety interlock circuit shall be 
                   provided which prevents the application of the roll brakes 
                   and upward lift movement at any roll speeds above one-half 
                   (1/2) miles per hour; and

            l.     The dynamometer system shall be air-cooled.

      6.    Diesel Opacity Meter

            The diesel opacity meter shall read the equivalent opacity value 
            of neutral density gelatin filters within a plus or minus two 
            percent (2%) opacity at 20% opacity.  The opacity meters shall be 
            checked for accuracy using a neutral density gelatin filter and 
            shall pass an Opacity 3-point Span Check weekly, said check to 
            take place any time prior to or during the day in which the last 
            valid passing check expires.  The System shall prevent by means 
            of automatic lockout any test initiated if the above 3-point 
            requirement has not been met.  Additionally, the meter shall be 
            checked using an Opacity 2-point Span Check immediately prior to 
            performance of a valid diesel opacity inspection, said check to 
            be comprised of instrument zero and 100% spans.


                                   21

<PAGE>


                   13.    Each lane shall have a bar code scanner capable of 
                          reading bar code vehicle identification numbers 
                          through a windshield. The scanner shall be directional
                          scanning that is retro-collective.

                   14.    Tachometer- The tachometer for the high idle/2500 rpm 
                          test for dedicated four-wheel drive vehicles shall be 
                          either a type placed on the hood of the car or an 
                          induction pickup type.  Accuracy shall be + or - 3% at
                          2500 rpm.  The tachometer display shall be digital and
                          easily readable at a distance of 20 feet.

      C.    General System Design Requirements

            The System shall be designed and constructed so as to comply with
            current OSHA regulations.

            1.     Equipment shall be designed for easy access to all 
                   components contained within enclosures.  Slide-out or 
                   hinged mountings with quick-disconnect connectors and 
                   handles for extraction shall be employed where enclosures 
                   would otherwise prevent access to equipment.

            2.     Mechanical and electrical interchangeability shall exist
                   between like and/or compatible assemblies, components, and
                   their replacement parts.

            3.     Electronic enclosures shall provide dust-protective
                   housings.  National Electrical Manufacturer's Association
                   standards for enclosures shall apply.

            4.     The National Electrical Code shall govern all electrical 
                   installation of equipment and electrical distribution 
                   systems.  This requirement shall not relieve the 
                   Contractor of the responsibility for complying with the 
                   requirements of any applicable local electrical codes.

            5.     Performance of equipment shall be protected from 
                   degradation by the presence of interference signals which 
                   may be present at any facility.  It shall be the 
                   Contractor's responsibility to determine the degree of 
                   interference control required at each site.  Equipment 
                   shall be prevented from generating interference signals 
                   which affect proper operation of any equipment.  It shall 
                   be the responsibility of the Contractor to design and 
                   operate the System to meet the United States Government 
                   standards for radio frequency interference and 
                   electromagnetic radiation as set forth in Federal 
                   Communication Commission and Federal Aviation Authority 
                   rules and regulations.

            6.     System cables used in the test lane shall be designed of 
                   material resistant to gasoline, oil, water, and engine 
                   exhaust.  System cables shall be of heavy construction to 
                   resist abuse.  Bundled cables shall be protected from 
                   abrasion and fraying or dislocation of individual
                   conductors.  The environment


                                  23

<PAGE>

                   of the inspection facility core shall be conditioned to 
                   accommodate the operating requirements of all equipment 
                   installed therein.

            7.     Equipment in the inspection lanes shall be capable of 
                   operating as specified within an ambient (outside air) 
                   temperature range of zero (0) degrees Fahrenheit to one 
                   hundred ten (110) degrees Fahrenheit and shall be capable 
                   of operating as specified when exposed to a relative 
                   humidity of zero (0) to eighty-five (85) percent 
                   (non-condensing) for both continuous and intermittent 
                   periods.

      D.    Quality Assurance and Control Requirements

            The requirements in this Section describe the methods that shall 
            be used to ensure a high quality System.  The Contractor shall 
            establish and maintain a quality assurance program to ensure 
            compliance with the requirements of the Contract that shall 
            conform to the requirements of the U.S. EPA ASM document.

            All phases of the work, manufactured or performed within the 
            Contractors plant or at any other source, shall be controlled at 
            all points necessary to assure conformance to the Contract.  The 
            program shall provide for prevention and detection of 
            discrepancies and for prompt corrective action.  The Contractor 
            shall make evidence of quality conformance available to the OEPA.

            The Contractor agrees to implement quality control procedures 
            which comply with the U.S. EPA ASM document.  All quality 
            control checks shall be identified by station number, lane 
            number, and date.  In addition, data reports shall contain the 
            concentration values of the calibration gases used to perform the 
            gas characterization portion of the quality control checks. 
            Contractor shall supply OEPA with necessary hardware and 
            calibration gases to be used in quality control audits.

            The Contractor's quality control procedures shall insure that 
            emission measurement equipment is calibrated and maintained 
            properly, and that inspection, calibration records and control 
            charts are accurately created, recorded, and maintained. 
            Computerized analyzers shall automatically record all recordable 
            quality control check information.

      E.    System Acceptance Test Procedures

            There shall be two (2) Acceptance Test Procedures (ATPs) 
            performed.  ATP-Hardware shall govern the new system hardware, 
            the BAR97 analyzer for use with the "Quick Test" and subsequent 
            ASM 2525 testing.  ATP-Software shall govern the new ASM 2525 
            testing software.

      F.    Maintenance

            In order to minimize error due to calibration drift or equipment
            failure, the Contractor


                                    24

<PAGE>


            shall conduct an effective preventive maintenance and quality 
            control program.  Scheduled preventative maintenance, necessary 
            to insure accurate and repeatable operation, shall be performed 
            on all inspection equipment, on a periodic basis, by the 
            Contractor outside the normal station/lane operational hours or 
            during normal operating hours on a lane that is not in use for 
            emission testing.  Records of maintenance and calibration shall 
            be maintained and available for OEPA review. The program shall 
            include, but not be limited to the following:

            1.     Daily calibration checks;

            2.     Periodic recalibrations;

            3.     Periodic cleaning and maintenance of all equipment
                   according to manufacturer's specifications; and

            4.     Daily visual inspection of equipment.

      G.    System Calibration Surveillance

            OEPA shall conduct a program of surveillance to verify that the 
            Contractor is performing emission tests using properly calibrated 
            and correctly functioning equipment.  In order to facilitate this 
            surveillance, the cooperation of the Contractor is required.  A 
            Maintenance and Systems Surveillance Plan which provides the 
            surveillance obligations set forth in this Change Order shall be 
            provided to the OEPA.

            1.     Any station shall be available at any time for a check of
                   the calibration and proper operation of all equipment.

            2.     Any documentation or equipment necessary to perform
                   calibration checks shall be available at each station.

            3.     Access shall be provided during nonworking hours to
                   perform any required checks which OEPA does not wish to
                   perform during normal work hours.

            4.     Any defective condition which could adversely affect the
                   accuracy of tests performed shall be corrected
                   immediately.

            5.     If so ordered by an OEPA representative, any test lane
                   affected by a condition that would adversely affect the
                   accuracy of inspections in the lane shall be closed.  No
                   further testing shall be conducted until evidence that the
                   defective condition has been corrected has been submitted
                   by the Contractor and has been approved by OEPA.


                               25


<PAGE>


                                   EXHIBIT C

                ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST INSPECTION PROCEDURES


The Contractor shall comply with the inspection procedures in this Section.  
Inspection procedures described in the U.S. EPA ASM document shall take 
precedence except as specified in this Contract.

The Contractor shall inspect subject vehicles presented for testing during a 
station's operating hours.

A.   Pre-Emissions Visual Safety Compliance Check

     Each vehicle shall be visually inspected prior to the emissions 
     inspection for the following unsafe conditions:

     1.   Any fuel leaks in or around engine, fuel tank or lines causing 
          wetness or pooling of fuel;

     2.   Any continuous leaking of engine oil or transmission fluid onto the 
          floor;

     3.   Any continuous leaking of engine coolant onto the floor or an 
          illuminated engine temperature light;

     4.   Under inflated tires or tires in an unsafe condition (i.e. no tread, 
          visible steel belts, retreads coming off, etc.). Space-saver emergency
          spare tires are not acceptable. Vehicle drive wheel tires shall be 
          visually checked for tire pressure and inflated to approximately 30 
          pounds when they appear low;

     5.   Other unsafe conditions such as loud internal engine noises, obvious 
          exhaust leaks, or a missing tailpipe;

     6.   A missing gas cap; and

     7.   Altered or inaccessible exhaust system, other than systems than 
          conform to original equipment manufacturer specifications which 
          interferes with the operation of moving equipment or which cannot be 
          accessed on one knee with one arm's length.

      Any vehicle found to be in an unsafe condition may be rejected without an
      emission inspection.  A vehicle rejection report indicating why the 
      vehicle was rejected shall be provided to the motorist.  The vehicle 
      shall be repaired to alleviate the unsafe condition prior to an emission 
      inspection.  The Contractor shall be responsible for the design, printing
      and supplying of the vehicle rejection report approved by OEPA.


                                       27

<PAGE>

      An owner shall pay the inspection fee for each initial inspection 
      conducted on the owner's motor vehicle.  An owner shall not pay the 
      reinspection fee for a first reinspection conducted on the owner's motor 
      vehicle.  An owner shall not pay the reinspection fee for a first 
      reinspection conducted on the owner's motor vehicle, if a reinspection 
      is required.  An owner shall pay the inspection fee for a first 
      reinspection only if the inspection fee was not collected during the 
      vehicle's initial inspection.  An owner shall pay the reinspection fee 
      for the second and each subsequent reinspection conducted on the owner's 
      motor vehicle, if required, during each inspection period.

B.    Test Vehicle Classes

      Vehicles shall be tested in as-received condition.  The engine shall be 
      at normal operating temperature with all accessories turned off based on 
      a visual observation of overheating.  The Contractor shall address unique 
      characteristics of certain vehicle makes and models, and adjust the 
      inspection procedure accordingly.

      When a vehicle enters a testing station, the Contractor shall access the 
      data file to screen for inspections within the three hundred sixty five 
      (365) days prior to the vehicle owner's registration deadline.

      The screening is to prevent vehicle owners from receiving multiple initial
      inspections to avoid repairs.  Legitimate retests, exemption inspections,
      or tests subsequent to the motorist's registration renewal deadline do not
      constitute multiple initial inspections for purposes of this provision.

      OEPA intends motorists to use the inspection certificate for one 
      registration cycle only.  The certificate shall be transferable
      and viable when a vehicle is sold.  The certificate shall not be
      used by the same owner for a subsequent year's re-registration of
      that vehicle.

      All twenty-five (25) years old and newer gasoline vehicles being
      retested shall be inspected in accordance with the procedures and
      Pass/Fail criteria as specified herein.  If the vehicle passes the
      tampering portion of the initial inspection, that portion need not
      be repeated.  Inspection fees shall be collected from the motorist
      by the Contractor and deposited into the Contractor's business
      account.

      Three (3) classes of vehicles and the corresponding emissions
      inspection procedures are outlined within this Contract.  The
      classes are as follows:

      1.    Gasoline fueled vehicles twenty-five (25) years old and
            newer having a ten thousand (10,000) pounds gross vehicle
            weight rating (GVWR) or less; and

      2.    Diesel fueled vehicles twenty-five (25) years old and
            newer having a ten thousand (10,000) pounds GVWR or
            less.


                                       28

<PAGE>

      3.    Dedicated four-wheel drive vehicles twenty-five (25) years
            old and newer having a ten thousand (10,000) pounds GVWR
            or less.

C.    Tampering Test Procedure

      The initial test shall be a tampering inspection which shall apply
      to all gasoline fueled vehicles twenty-five (25) years old and
      newer.  The test shall consist of checks for the following items
      (if applicable to that specific model year and engine
      configuration):

      1.    Presence of a properly installed catalytic converter(s);
            and

      2.    Presence of a seal in the gas cap;

      An engine-switched vehicle shall be tested in the same manner
      as other vehicles.  An engine-switched vehicle shall meet the
      emission standards of the chassis model year provided in the
      vehicle registration.  For the tampering inspection, such
      vehicle shall match a light-duty certified configuration of
      the chassis model year or of a newer vehicle if it originally
      had been a light-duty configuration (heavy-duty vehicle shall
      match heavy-duty configuration).  The Contractor shall be
      responsible for verifying the proper configuration of an
      engine switch.  The Contractor's station manager or assistant
      manager shall verify these configurations.

      Vehicles that have been switched from an engine of one fuel
      type to an engine of another fuel type that are subject to
      testing (e.g. from a diesel engine to a gasoline engine) shall
      be subject to the test procedures and standards for the
      current fuel type and the requirements of the preceding
      paragraph.

      Except as provided in the preceding two paragraphs,
      application of a tampering test to each vehicle shall be
      performed on the basis of the vehicle's original emission
      control system configuration at the time of manufacture.  The
      applicable emission system requirements can be verified by the
      Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) label under the
      hood or by using emission control resources such as:

      -   Emission Control Systems application (Cascade
          Automotive Resources)
      -   Emission Control Application Tables (Mitchell
          Manuals) 
      -   Automotive Emission Systems (Colorado State
          University)

      If a conflict exists between the VECI label and one of the
      above-mentioned resources, the VECI label shall take
      precedence.  The Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining
      the aforementioned resources and subsequent updates.

      If the vehicle fails the tampering inspection, the ASM 2525 or
      the Quick Test shall not be conducted.  The costs associated
      with tampering repairs shall not apply


                                       29

<PAGE>

      towards a waiver.

      A pre-test rejection report stating the reasons that the test
      was not conducted shall be given to the motorist.

      An inspection report with the reasons for failing the test
      shall be given to the motorist.

      The anti-tampering test shall be conducted prior to the ASM
      2525 and Quick Tests.

D.    Steady-State, Loaded Mode "Quick Test"

     1. General requirements.

        a.  Exhaust gas-sampling algorithm.

            The analysis of exhaust gas concentrations shall begin ten (10) 
            seconds after the applicable test mode begins. Exhaust gas 
            concentrations shall be analyzed at a minimum rate of two (2) 
            times per second.  The measured value for pass/fail determinations 
            shall be a simple running average of the measurements taken over 
            ten seconds.

        b.  Pass/fail determination.

            A pass/fail determination shall be made for each applicable test 
            mode based on a comparison of the Quick Test standards.  A vehicle
            shall pass the test mode if any pair of simultaneous values for HC
            and CO are below or equal to the applicable Quick Test standards. A
            vehicle shall fail the test mode if the values for either HC or CO,
            or both, in all simultaneous pairs of values are above the 
            applicable standards.  These standards are subject to change by OEPA
            and the Contractor shall adjust its software accordingly.  The 
            Contractor shall maintain instrumentation accuracy requirements at 
            all times.

        c.  Void test conditions.

            The test shall immediately end and any exhaust gas measurements 
            shall be voided if the measured concentrations of CO + C0(2) fall 
            below six (6) percent or the vehicle's engine stalls at any time 
            during the test sequence. (If U.S. EPA has approved an auto
            manufacturer's request for less than percent, an override of this 
            requirement is acceptable).

        d.  Multiple exhaust pipes

            Exhaust gas concentrations from vehicle engines equipped with


                                       30


<PAGE>

                multiple exhaust pipes shall be sampled simultaneously.

            e.  The test shall be immediately terminated upon reaching the
                overall maximum test time.

      2.    Test sequence - Quick Test

            a.  The test sequence shall consist of a steady state, loaded
                mode using a chassis dynamometer followed immediately by
                an idle mode as described in paragraphs (D)(4) and (5) of
                this Section for all vehicles (except dedicated four-wheel
                drive and diesel vehicles).  Dedicated four-wheel drive
                vehicles shall be tested using the two-speed idle test
                described in 40 C.F.R., Part 51, Appendix B to Subpart S, II.
                Diesel vehicles shall be tested as described in paragraph G.

            b.  The test sequence shall begin only after the following
                requirements are met:

                The dynamometer shall be in stabilized operating condition,
                adjusted, and calibrated in accordance with the procedures
                described in 40 C.F.R., Part 51, Appendix A to Subpart S.

            c.  The vehicle shall be operated during each mode of the test
                with the gear selector in the following position:

                -  In drive for automatic transmissions and in second (or
                   third if more appropriate) for manual transmissions for the
                   loaded mode; and

                -  In park or neutral for the idle mode.

            d.  The sample probe shall be inserted into the vehicle's
                tailpipe to a minimum depth of ten (10) inches.  If the
                vehicle's exhaust system prevents insertion to this
                depth, a tailpipe extension shall be used.

            e.  The measured concentration of CO plus CO(2) shall be
                greater than or equal to six percent, except as provided
                in (D)(1)(c).

            f.  The tachometer shall be utilized in accordance with the
                analyzer manufacturer's instructions.

      3.    Overall test procedure

            The test timer shall start (tt=O) when the conditions specified in
            paragraph (2)(b) of this Section are met and the mode timer
            initiates as specified in 


                                       31

<PAGE>

            paragraph (2)(c) of this Section.  The test sequence shall have 
            an overall maximum test time of two hundred forty (240) seconds 
            (tt=240).  The test shall be immediately terminated upon reaching 
            the overall maximum test time.

E.    Enhanced ASM 2525 Test Sequence

      1.    The Contractor shall perform ASM 2525 testing.  The ASM 2525 
            shall consist of up to two hundred forty (240) seconds of 
            emissions measurements using a BAR97 analyzer while the vehicle 
            is driven at twenty-five (25) plus or minus one (1) miles per 
            hour on a dynamometer.  The ASM 2525 testing shall be conducted 
            on all subject vehicles.  A gas cap pressure test and visual 
            tampering check shall be required for all vehicles receiving the 
            ASM 2525 test.

            The mode timer shall start (mt=O) when the dynamometer speed (and 
            corresponding power) are maintained within twenty-five (25) plus 
            or minus (+/-) one (1) miles per hour for five (5) continuous
            seconds.

            The dynamometer shall apply the correct torque at any testing 
            speed within the tolerance of twenty-five (25) plus or minus 
            (+/-) one (1) miles per hour (i.e., constant torque load over 
            speed range).  The torque tolerance shall be plus or minus five 
            percent of the correct torque at twenty-five (25) miles per hour.

      2.    The dynamometer power shall be set in accordance with the U.S. EPA
            ASM document.


                                       32

<PAGE>

      3.    The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed time of 
            twenty-five (25) seconds (mt=25). A pass or fail determination 
            shall be made for the vehicle and the mode shall be terminated as 
            follows:

            a.  The vehicle shall pass the ASM 2525 mode if, at any point 
            between an elapsed time of twenty-five (25) seconds (mt=25) and 
            90 seconds (mt=90), the ten (10) second running average measured 
            values for each pollutant are simultaneously less than or equal 
            to the applicable test standards described in the U.S. EPA ASM 
            document and/or as may be modified by OEPA as described below.

            b.  The vehicle shall fail the ASM 2525 mode and the mode shall 
            be terminated if the requirements of Section D.3.A are not 
            satisfied by an elapsed time of 90 seconds (mt=90).

      The emission standards for the ASM 2525 shall be the standards set 
      forth in the U.S. EPA ASM document. The "Start up" standards will be 
      employed for the first year of the program as stated except for the 
      tier one (1) standards which have been eliminated. OEPA shall have the 
      ability to set emission standards that will result in an overall 
      failure rate of no greater than 20% of vehicles tested in any twelve 
      (12) month period after implementation of the ASM 2525 test and every 
      twelve (12) month period thereafter.

      The Contractor's ASM 2525 test procedure includes a "Quick 
      Test"/algorithm that is approved by the U.S. EPA.

      The Dilution Correction Factor described in the U.S. EPA ASM document 
      is offered optionally due to its untested status and potential 
      conflicts with the repair industry's emissions measurement capabilities.

F.    Gas Cap Pressurization Test Procedures

      The Contractor shall perform a gas cap pressurization test as part of 
      emission tests performed on all vehicles that were manufactured or 
      required to have a sealing gas cap.

      1.    The test sequence shall consist of the following steps:

            a.    Test equipment shall be connected to the gas cap and the 
                  gas cap shall be tested for leaks.

            b.    The system shall be pressurized to twenty-eight (28) plus 
                  or minus (+/-) one (1) inches of water without exceeding 
                  twenty-nine (29)



                                       33

<PAGE>

                inches of water system pressure.

            c.  The pressure source shall be closed off and the pressure decay
                shall be monitored for up to thirty (30) seconds.

      2.    Vehicles shall fail the gas cap pressurization test if the system
            cannot maintain a delta of six (6) inches of water.  Vehicles that
            fail shall be required to return with a valid replacement gas cap.

      3.    The gas cap pressurization test results shall be automatically
            entered into the System.

G.    Diesel Opacity Inspection Procedure

      The Contractor shall perform diesel opacity inspections for applicable 
      diesel fueled vehicles.  The System shall measure opacity for 
      particulates in the exhaust of light-duty diesel fueled vehicles 
      twenty-five (25) years old and newer having ten thousand (10,000) 
      pounds GVWR or less.  The System shall control the operation and data 
      collection of all tests conducted.  The System shall generate printed 
      vehicle inspection reports (VIRs) which shall serve as certificates of 
      compliance, noncompliance, or waiver for vehicles requiring diesel 
      opacity inspection.

      1.    Light Duty Diesel Vehicle Opacity Test Procedure

            a.  The emissions inspection procedure shall be conducted as
                follows:

                (i)   Diesel vehicles shall be tested by means of a loaded 
                      dynamometer test applying a single load as determined 
                      by vehicle type and number of cylinders as specified in 
                      EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2-Section 85.2-(d)-(2)-(ii).

            b.  The emissions pass/fail determination shall be made as follows:

                (i)   The opacity reading shall be taken over a period of ten 
                      (10) consecutive seconds with the engine under the 
                      applicable speed and loading specified in 
                      EPA-AA-RSPD-IM-96-2-Section 85.2(d)-(2)-(ii).

                (ii)  Any vehicle exceeding the appropriate standard shall 
                      fail the test.  Prior to reinspection, the vehicle 
                      shall have a low-emission tune up.

            c.  No diesel fueled vehicle shall have emissions in excess of 
                twenty percent (20%) visual opacity. Failed vehicles shall be 
                repaired to pass the test. Waiver limits shall be the same as 
                for


                                       34

<PAGE>

                  gasoline fueled vehicles.

                  d.    Exhaust sampling shall conform to the following:

                  (i)   Separate measurements shall be made on each exhaust 
                        outlet on diesel fueled vehicles equipped with 
                        multiple exhaust outlets.  For vehicles equipped with 
                        more than one (1) exhaust stack or pipe, the reading 
                        taken from the outlet giving the highest opacity 
                        reading shall be used for comparison with the 
                        appropriate standard.

                  (ii)  All diesel fueled vehicles shall be inspected with an 
                        opacity meter that is a full-flow, direct reading, 
                        continuous reading light extinction type using a 
                        collimated light source and photo-electric cell, 
                        accurate to a value within plus or minus five a plus 
                        or minus two percent (2%) opacity at 20% opacity.

H.    Post-Test Procedures

      1.    Passed Vehicles

            A vehicle that has passed the emission inspection shall
            receive a Vehicle Inspection Report and a Certificate of
            Compliance (both shall be on the same document).  The
            Contractor shall issue duplicate certificates upon request
            of a motorist.  The Contractor may charge a fee, not
            greater than one-fourth (1/4) of the inspection fee, for
            duplicate certificates.

      2.    Failed Vehicles

            A vehicle that fails the emission inspection shall be given a 
            Vehicle Inspection Report indicating failure (non-compliance) and 
            the necessary repair requirements and applicable waiver 
            requirements.

            The non-compliance certificates at OEPA's directions, shall also 
            contain a performance warranty statement.

I.    The Vehicle Inspection Report

      The current VIR form shall be used with only minor changes to the
      pre-printed information as approved by OEPA.  The print areas
      shall remain unchanged.

      1.    The following information shall be printed on the front
            of the VIR:

            a.    Certificate identification number

                                      35
<PAGE>

            b.    The date and time of the inspection

            c.    The vehicle identification number (VIN)

            d.    County of registration (For Official Use Only)

            e.    The vehicle make

            f.    The model year of the vehicle

            g.    The class of the vehicle (For Official Use Only)

            h.    Number of cylinders (For Official Use Only)

            i.    The fuel type (gasoline, diesel, or alternative fuel) (For
                  Official Use Only)

            j.    The odometer reading

            k.    The emissions standards for the vehicle model year

            l.    HC and CO readings for the Quick Test

            m.    HC, CO and NO readings for the ASM 2525 test

            n.    Separate pass/fail decisions for the gas cap pressure test 
                  for gasoline vehicles

            o.    Opacity standards and readings for diesel vehicles

            p.    The pass/fail code for the opacity test for diesel vehicles
                  (For Official Use Only)

            q.    The overall pass/fail decision

            r.    Tampering inspection results for gasoline vehicles

            s.    The inspection/reinspection indicator (For Official Use Only)

            t.    The type of certificate (compliance, noncompliance, waiver,
                  permanent exemption)

            u.    The inspector identification number (For Official Use Only)

            v.    The date of the initial inspection (For Official Use Only)

                                      36
<PAGE>

            w.    The initial HC, CO and NO (if applicable) readings
                  from a prior test shall be printed on any
                  reinspection report (For Official Use Only)

            x.    An emissions inspection certificate that can be
                  separated from the Vehicle Inspection Report and
                  which contains the following information if the
                  vehicle passes inspection: vehicle identification
                  number, model year, make, date, the certificate
                  identification number, date of certificate
                  expiration, and type of certificate.  If the vehicle
                  fails inspection, "NON-COMPLIANCE" shall be printed
                  continuously over the certificate

            y.    Certificate expiration date (365 days)

      2.    The back of the Vehicle Inspection Report (VIR) shall
            remain unchanged from its current design.

J.    Vehicle Repair Data

      The Contractor shall provide a method of recording and maintaining
      repair information in order to provide the required repair
      information reports in Exhibit D of this Contract.

K.    Waiver Procedure

      Vehicles shall be eligible for waivers from the emission 
      inspection requirements, as provided in Ohio Administrative Code
      Rule 3745-26-01 and Rule 3745-26-12 when proof is submitted that:

      1.    Appropriate repairs have been performed on the vehicle and
            the reinspection reached at least a thirty percent (30%)
            improvement over any initial fail reading (HC and/or CO)
            without any initial pass reading changing to exceed
            standards.  These repairs shall be visually verified and
            the station manager shall review the repair receipts;

      2.    The minimum expenditure made on emission repairs is one
            hundred-dollars ($100) for vehicles 1980 and older, and
            two hundred dollars ($200) for vehicles 1981 and newer.
            This expenditure minimum is identical for either basic or
            selected enhanced.  If an area is reclassified to serious
            ozone non-attainment, the waiver limit shall change to the
            federally required four hundred fifty dollar ($450) limit;
            and

      3.    The vehicle has received all repairs and adjustments for
            which it is eligible under any emission performance
            warranty or a written denial of warranty coverage from the
            manufacturer or authorized dealer.

                                      37
<PAGE>

      All expenditures must be documented and determined to be
      emission related repairs.  Motorists performing self-repair
      on pre-1980 model year vehicles shall be given expenditure
      credit on parts only.

      The Contractor shall use a stamp to mark all original repair
      receipts for waivers.  The stamp shall be used after the
      receipts have been accepted for the purpose of a waiver.

      Vehicle Inspection Reports that are processed for waived
      vehicles shall have the word "WAIVER" prominently printed in
      the pass/fail section.  The Contractor shall be responsible
      for explaining to motorists, whose vehicles fail the
      emissions test, that a waiver procedure is available.  The
      Contractor's station manager, assistant manager, or OEPA
      auditor shall make determinations of waiver eligibility.
      Inspectors shall not issue waivers.  Only centralized station
      managers or assistant managers shall have computer access to
      issue waivers.

      The waiver limit in a required enhanced area for 1981 and
      later vehicles shall be adjusted in January of each year by
      the percentage, if any, by which the Consumer Price Index for
      the preceding calendar year differs from the current Consumer
      Price Index.  OEPA shall notify Contractor three (3) months
      prior to such adjustment.

L.    Hardship Extension

      Low income motorists, as defined in O.A.C. Rule 3745-26-01
      (NN), may receive an extension which allows an additional six
      (6) months to have their vehicles repaired pursuant to O.A.C.
      Rule 3745-26-12(B)(7).  Vehicles failing only due to gas cap
      problems shall be excluded.  To receive a hardship extension,
      a motorist must mail to the OEPA, the inspection report from
      the Contractor's facility showing that the vehicle failed the
      test, a copy of the vehicle's current registration, an
      estimate totaling at least seventy-five dollars ($75.00) for
      emission related repairs and/or diagnostic costs and and the
      applicant must certify that his or her household income is
      below one hundred and fifty percent of the Federal poverty
      level.  Applications shall be available at every inspection
      station.

M.    Repair Spending Cap

      A motorist must demonstrate that he or she has spent an amount
      equal to or greater than the "repair spending cap", as defined at
      O.A.C. Rule 3745-26-01(MM), on emission-related repairs and
      diagnostic fees.  This amount shall not include the cost of
      repairing or replacing tampered emissions control equipment, and
      shall include only the cost of parts if the repairs are performed
      by the vehicle owner or lessee.

                                      38
<PAGE>

N.    Appeals

      Appeal forms shall be designed, printed, and distributed by the
      Contractor.  Appeals may be submitted by the vehicle owner to OEPA
      in cases where the inspection or waiver findings are in dispute.
      OEPA shall make the final inspection or waiver decision.  OEPA
      shall conduct the appeal inspection at the Contractor's site.

O.    Recall

      The Contractor shall implement any necessary changes to comply
      with vehicle recall requirements as mandated by U.S. EPA when the
      U.S. EPA central recall data base is established and available.

                                      39
<PAGE>



                                EXHIBIT D

     ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST DATA ACQUISITION SPECIFICATIONS

The Data Acquisition Specifications shall serve as both the specifications in 
developing a reliable data acquisition system and as the documentation of the 
existing system after the start of the program.  Documentation shall be 
updated after each change to the system in the Ohio Data Specifications 
document.  Certain codes for data elements may be changed pursuant to the 
Ohio Data Specification document.  All data coding procedures, data 
manipulation programs and any edit procedure changes shall be approved by 
OEPA before implementation.  The Contractor shall develop a data acquisition 
system that shall allow for the input of data and generation of reports as 
detailed in this Exhibit.

OEPA has arranged for a direct computer tie-in between the OBMV registration 
database and the Contractor's computer system.  In response to this Contract, 
the Contractor shall cooperate with the OBMV and OEPA to establish database 
access, communications protocol and security.  The Contractor shall bear the 
cost of all hardware and software required to facilitate the tie-in between 
the systems.  Questions regarding the BMV database shall be directed to Chief 
of Data Systems and Programing, Department of Highway Safety, Bureau of Motor 
Vehicles, 4300 Kimberly Parkway, Columbus, Ohio 43227, (614) 752-7692.

The tie-in provides "read only" access to the vehicle registration 
information, except for an inspection certificate number field provided in 
the OBMV database.  For example, as a motorist drives into a testing lane, 
the technician shall enter the license plate number, and the system shall 
display the registration information and print it onto the inspection 
certificate.  The vehicle is then tested.  If the vehicle fails, a 
"non-compliance" certificate without a certificate identification number is 
printed.  If the vehicle passes, a "compliance" certificate with an 
identification number is printed.  The Contractor's computer automatically 
displays the assigned certificate identification number, described herein, 
into the field provided in the permanent OBMV registration database.

A.     Data Storage and Handling




                                    40
<PAGE>

     1.   All required data collected at the centralized emissions inspection 
          stations shall be compiled at the Contractor's headquarters.  The 
          centralized emission inspection stations shall be connected to the 
          host computer by a real-time data link in order to prevent 
          unauthorized multiple initial tests on the same vehicle in a test 
          cycle and to insure test record accuracy.  The data forwarded to 
          the host computer shall be placed on a suitable recording medium, 
          stored, and subsequently used to provide the OEPA with its required 
          reports.  The OEPA computer, described in Exhibit F, Section D, 
          shall be capable of accessing the reports required in Section D of 
          this Exhibit entitled "Inspection Data Analysis and Reports."

     2.   Reports shall be supplied to OEPA by March 30 of each year for the 
          preceding calendar year.

     3.   The Contractor shall keep inspection results in an active data file 
          for a minimum of twenty-four (24) months from each annual 
          inspection.  The Contractor shall have access to the data file to 
          screen for previous inspections within three hundred sixty-five 
          (365) days prior to the owner's registration deadline.

     4.   The Contractor shall retain all tapes or disks used to store the 
          emission inspection reports for a period of at least five (5) years 
          after the transfer of the reports to OEPA.  These tapes or disks 
          may be audited by OEPA and U.S. EPA at any time.

B.   Data Format: The data that shall be entered for each inspection are 
     listed below.  Any unused fields shall contain blanks, except as 
     otherwise defined herein.

     1.   Date of Inspection

          This eight (8) character numeric field shall consist of two (2) 
          sets of numbers with two (2) characters each and one (1) set of 
          numbers with four (4) characters (representing the year).  The 
          date of inspection shall be automatically input into the OBMV 
          registration database field as part of a unique computer generated 
          certificate identification number.

          a.   The first set shall represent the month of the test as follows:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
               Month                    Number in Set
               -----                    -------------
<S>                                     <C>
               January                        01
               February                       02
               March                          03
               April                          04
               May                            05
               June                           06
</TABLE>

                                       41
<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<S>                                     <C>
               July                           07
               August                         08
               September                      09
               October                        10
               November                       11
               December                       12
</TABLE>

          b.   The second set shall be the day of the month of the 
               inspection.  If the day is less than the tenth of the month, a 
               zero (0) shall be placed to the left and adjacent to the 
               number.

          c.   The last set shall contain all four (4) digits of the year of 
               the test.  For example, if a test was conducted on January 1, 
               1995, the number appearing in the date field shall be 
               "01011995."

     2.   Inspection Start and Completion Time

          These two (2) fields consist of four characters each.  The 
          information represents the moment in time (based on twenty-four 
          (24) hours) in which testing is started and the time final emission 
          scores are determined (see 40 C.F.R. Part XX).  The accuracy shall 
          not vary more than five (5) minutes from Eastern Standard Time even 
          if recorded manually.  Adjustments to the twenty-four (24) hour 
          clock to daylight savings time shall be made in early spring and 
          late fall of each year.  The two (2) sets of numbers in these 
          fields are as follows:

          a.   The first set shall be the hour of a twenty-four (24) hour 
               clock.  The first digit shall be zero (0) if the hour of the 
               day is less than ten (10); and

          b.   The second set of digits shall be the minute in which the test 
               was completed.  The first digit shall be a zero (0) if the 
               minute of the hour is less than ten (10).

     3.   Vehicle Identification and Owner Information

          Vehicle and owner information shall be downloaded from an OBMV 
          database.  Downloading of data shall take place upon keyed license 
          plate number entry.  This does not preclude keying or correcting, 
          within the Contractor's database, all or part of the items listed 
          below for any vehicle presented for testing.

          This segment consists of eight (8) fields of information, which 
          shall be downloaded from the vehicle registration database or keyed 
          in by the Contractor from the Application for Renewal of 
          Registration or other official documents.  If a minor discrepancy 
          is found between the information on the


                               42

<PAGE>

          vehicle itself and the documentation accompanying the vehicle, the 
          information on the vehicle takes precedence.  Discrepancies shall 
          be recorded in the error correction codes field.  In cases other 
          than minor discrepancies, the Contractor shall have the right to 
          refuse to test vehicles that fail to match their legal 
          documentation.

          a.   The Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)

               This field consists of seventeen (17) alphanumeric 
               characters. The entire vehicle identification number (VIN) 
               appearing on the current registration card, Application for 
               Renewal of Registration, Application for Title and Renewal, 
               bill of sale, or from the vehicle itself shall be placed in 
               this field.  This field is the key to retrieving test results; 
               therefore, care shall be taken to ensure the accuracy of the 
               information.  No letters "O" or "I" shall be keyed.  The 
               vehicle itself shall be the primary source of information if a 
               discrepancy exists during the initial inspection between the 
               vehicle's legal documentation and the VIN on the vehicle.  
               Upon reinspection, the Vehicle Inspection Report (VIR) barcode 
               from the initial inspection shall be the primary source of 
               information.

               The Contractor shall use VIN verification software to alert 
               motorists regarding incorrect registration information.

          b.   The License Plate Number

               This field consists of seven (7) alphanumeric characters.  The 
               entire license plate number shall appear in this field without 
               a space between any adjacent numbers and letters.  The primary 
               source of information shall be vehicle's license plate number 
               recorded on the initial inspection and the license plate 
               number recorded on the VIR barcode upon reinspection.



                                      43



<PAGE>


            c.    Vehicle Make

                  This field consists of three (3) characters.  The vehicle 
                  make shall be placed in this field using vehicle make coding 
                  provided by OEPA.  The source of information for data entry 
                  during the reinspection is the VIN or the VIR barcode.

            d.    Model Year

                  This field consists of two (2) numeric characters.  The last
                  two digits of the vehicle model year shall be placed in this
                  field. For example, a 1976 model year vehicle shall require 
                  that the number "76" be placed in this field.  The primary 
                  source of information shall be the OBMV database during the 
                  inspection and the VIR barcode upon reinspection.  The vehicle
                  owner's representation or the Contractor's judgment of the 
                  model year shall only be used in the absence of documentation.
                  When a vehicle is reinspected, the accuracy of this field 
                  shall be double-checked and corrected if found to be in error.

            e.    Number of Cylinders

                  This field consists of two (2) numeric characters.  The VIN 
                  shall serve as the primary source of information for this 
                  field.  If there is a problem identifying the number of 
                  cylinders using the VIN the Contractor shall visually verify
                  the number of cylinders.

            f.    Fuel Code

                  This field consists of one (1) character.  The fuel used by 
                  the vehicle shall be determined from the vehicle operator and
                  the following code letters shall be used in the fuel code 
                  field.

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

                  Fuel Class            Code
                  ----------            ----
                  <S>                   <C>
                  Butane                 B
                  Natural Gas            N
                  Other                  O
                  Propane                P
                  Diesel                 D
                  Gasoline               G

</TABLE>

                  In the event that the vehicle operates using more than one (1)
                  fuel, the code for the actual fuel used by the vehicle upon
                  presentation at the test station shall be placed in the fuel
                  code field.  Gasoline is assumed to be used if no other 
                  information is available.  Anytime the fuel or

                                       44

<PAGE>


                  weight code entered is "B", "N", "IO", or "P", the software 
                  for the OEPA offices shall be directed to go immediately to 
                  the certificate code and automatically enter an "E", meaning
                  a certificate of permanent exemption is being issued.  Note 
                  that only the software created for the central office and 
                  field office OEPA staff shall have the capability of 
                  producing a certificate of permanent exemption for alternative
                  fuel codes.

            g.    Vehicle Net Weight:

                  The Vehicle Net Weight field shall be described in the 
                  Technical Specifications Document described in Paragraph 3.B.
                  of the Change Order.

            h.    Registration Expiration Date

                  This field consists of eight (8) characters and shall be 
                  formatted in the same manner as "Date of Inspection" in
                  Section B.1 (a-c) of this Exhibit and shall contain the
                  expiration date as determined from the registration renewal
                  card or current registration.  This field shall allow testing
                  of a vehicle only if the inspection occurs within 
                  three-hundred-sixty-five (365) days of the license renewal 
                  date.

    4.    Inspection/Reinspection Indicator

          This field consists of one (1) character.

          a.      If the inspection is an initial inspection, a "1" shall be
                  placed in this field.

          b.      If the inspection is a reinspection, number ">=2" shall be 
                  placed in this field to represent the actual test count
                  for the current testing cycle.

    5.    Odometer Reading

          This field consists of three (3) characters.  The odometer reading
          shall be truncated to the last thousand miles (e.g. a vehicle with
          23,501 miles on the odometer should be entered as 23,000).

    6.    Date of Initial Inspection

          This field consists of eight (8) characters.  Each vehicle
          reinspected shall have the date of the initial inspection keyed
          into this field.  The sequence shall be month, day and year, with
          the same specifications as those given in Section B.1 (a-c) of
          this Exhibit.  This shall be printed on the certificate portion of
          the Vehicle Inspection Report (VIR).

                                       45

<PAGE>

    7.    Inspector Identification Number

          This field consists of five (5) characters.  This number will be
          treated as though it were a signature of the inspector conducting
          the inspection.  The Contractor's inspectors shall be held
          accountable for entering accurate information about the vehicle
          and ensuring that a valid test was given to the vehicle.  The
          Contractor shall assign each test inspector a non-duplicating
          sequential identification number.

    8.    HC, CO, and NO Emission Data

          This information consists of nine (9) fields.  All gasoline
          powered vehicles, with the exception of dedicated four-wheel drive
          vehicles, shall be subject to the ASM 2525 transient mode for
          steady state loaded mode test.  Dedicated four-wheel drive
          vehicles shall be subject to the fast idle portion of the Quick
          Test.  The results of the fast idle portion of the Quick Test
          shall be entered in the loaded mode fields as listed below.
          Required data fields are as follows:

          a.     The vehicle's HC exhaust emission in parts per million
                 (ppm) at the idle test condition.  This field shall
                 contain five (5) characters;

          b.     The vehicle's CO exhaust emission in percentage by mol
                 volume at the idle test condition.  This field shall
                 contain four (4) characters;

          c.     The vehicle's HC exhaust emission in ppm at the loaded
                 mode.  This field shall contain five (5) characters;

          d.     The vehicle's CO exhaust emission in percentage by mol
                 volume at the loaded mode.  This field shall contain four
                 (4) characters;

          e.     The C02 value for the idle test for ASM test (not a
                 pass/fail criteria);

          f.     The C02 value for the loaded mode test or ASM test (not a
                 pass/fail criteria);

          g.     The NO value pursuant to the U.S. EPA ASM document;

          h.     The HC value pursuant to the U.S. EPA ASM document; and

          j.     The CO value pursuant to the U.S. EPA ASM document.

    9.    Diesel Opacity Data

                 Diesel powered vehicles shall be tested for percent
                 opacity.  This four character field shall contain the
                 value of the opacity test.

                                       46

<PAGE>

    10.   Tampering Inspection Results

              a.     This field shall consist of two (2) characters with
                     the following character designations:

                     (i)     Catalytic converter inspection results; and

                     (ii)    Gas cap presence inspection.

              b.     A "P" character shall be entered in each position for
                     which a test was performed and the result was a
                     "pass."

              c.     An "F" character shall be entered in each position
                     for which a test was performed and the result was a
                     "fail."

              d.     A "N" character shall be entered in each position for
                     which a code is inapplicable.

              If a vehicle fails for any of the above emission equipment,
              an "F" shall be entered.

    11.   Pass/Fail Codes

               a.    This field consists of seven (7) characters with the
                     following character designations:

                     (i)   HC emission test results at the idle test
                           condition;

                     (ii)  CO emission test results at the idle test
                           condition;

                     (iii) HC emission test results at the loaded mode
                           or fast idle of approximately 2500 rpm test
                           condition;

                     (iv)  CO emission test results at the loaded mode
                           or fast idle of approximately 2500 rpm test
                           condition;

                     (v)   Tampering test results;

                     (vi)  Opacity test results (for diesel powered vehicles)
                           (see Exhibit H); and

                     (vii) HC, CO, and NO test results at ASM loaded mode 
                           conditions.

                b.    A "P" character shall be entered in each position for
                      which a test was performed and the result was a
                      "pass."

                                        47

<PAGE>

                  c.    An "F" character shall be entered in each position
                        for which a test was performed and the result was a
                        "fail."

                  d.    An "N" character shall be entered in each position
                        for which a code is not applicable.

      12.   Overall Pass/Fail Decision

                  This field consists of one (1) character.  The value in
                  this field depends on a series of contingencies, which
                  vary as a function of vehicle class and model year.  The
                  contingencies are as follows:

                  a.   For gasoline powered vehicles subject to the
                       inspection requirements:

                       (i)  A "P" shall be placed in this field if the
                            vehicle passes the idle test (both HC and CO),
                            the loaded mode test or the ASM test (both HC
                            and CO), the gas cap pressure test and the
                            tampering test.

                      (ii)  An "F" shall be placed in this field if the 
                            vehicle fails the idle test, the loaded
                            mode test or ASM test, the gas cap pressure test
                            or the tampering test.

                  b.   For diesel powered vehicles subject to the inspection
                       requirements:

                       (i)  A "P" shall be placed in this field if the
                            vehicle passes the opacity test.

                      (ii)  An "F" shall be placed in this field if the 
                            vehicle fails the opacity test.

      13.   Certificate Status Code

                  This field consists of one (1) character and shall
                  contain a status code indicating the type of certificate
                  issued as a result of the inspection.

                  "C"-means Certificate of Compliance

                  "N"-means Certificate of Noncompliance

                  "E"-means Certificate of Permanent Exemption
  
                  "W"-means Certificate of Waiver

                                      48
<PAGE>

                  "H"-means Certificate of Hardship Extension

                  "X"-means Certificate of Extension

                  "B"-means Certificate of Extension Compliance

                  Only the station manager, assistant manager, and OEPA
                  auditors shall have security access to issue a
                  certificate of waiver.

                  The certificate identification number shall be
                  automatically entered into the OBMV database field (see
                  paragraph B.16 of this Section) if the status code
                  field contains "C", "E" or "W".

                  a.    If the value in the overall pass/fail decision field
                        for initial inspections or reinspection is a "P",
                        then a "C" shall be entered in this field and
                        "COMPLIANCE" shall be printed on the certificate
                        portion of VIR.  If the value in the overall
                        pass/fail decision field is an "F", then a "N" shall
                        be entered in this field and "NON-COMPLIANCE" shall
                        be printed continuously on half of the certificate
                        portion of the VIR, and the CAA 207(B) warranty
                        message printed on the other half.  If the value "E"
                        is entered in this field, then "PERM EXEMPT" shall be
                        printed on the certificate portion of the VIR.  If
                        the value "W" is entered in this field, then "WAIVER"
                        shall be printed on the certificate portion of the
                        VIR.  If the value "X" is entered into this field,
                        then "EXTENSION" shall be printed on the certificate
                        portion of the VIR.  If the value "H" is entered in
                        this field, then "HARDSHIP EXTENSION" shall be
                        printed on the certificate portion of the VIR.

                  b.    Anytime the fuel or weight code entered is "B," "N,"
                        "O," or "P", the software for the OEPA offices should
                        automatically enter an "E" in the character field and
                        "PERM EXEMPT" shall be printed on the certificate
                        portion of the VIR.

      14.   Certificate Expiration Date

                  This field shall consist of eight (8) characters.  The
                  field should be formatted pursuant to Subsection B.1 of
                  this Exhibit.  The certificate expiration date shall be
                  the date three hundred sixty-five (365) days after an
                  initial inspection.

      15.   Other Data Fields

                  The Contractor shall collect other information, which
                  would aid in program operation when requested by OEPA.
                  Costs of said request

                                      49
<PAGE>

            to be born by the OEPA.

      16.   Certificate Identification Number

            This field shall consist of a combination of other data
            fields, which are described in this Section.  An algorithm,
            similar to those employed to create check redundancy codes
            (CRC), has been developed by the OBMV and shall be used by
            the Contractor in each of the three Zones to produce the
            Certificate Identification Number.  The OBMV shall use the
            algorithm to verify that a valid compliance certificate is
            entered in its database prior to the issuance of a
            registration renewal.

            NOTE: If the "Certificate Status Code" indicates "N"
            for noncompliance, no certificate identification number
            shall be written into the OBMV data file field.

      17.   BARCODE Information

            The following information shall be transposed into BARCODE
            language to be printed onto the VIR of failed vehicles only;

            a.    VIN;

            b.    License Plate Number;

            c.    Vehicle Year;

            d.    Vehicle Make;

            e.    HC and CO idle and loaded mode and ASM mode initial
                  inspection results (ppm and %);

            f.    Tampering inspection results; and

            g.    Diesel inspection results (for diesel powered vehicles);

C.    Vehicle Inspection Reports

      If the vehicle is to be retested, the Vehicle Inspection Report
      (VIR) from the initial inspection shall be returned to the
      centralized inspection station by the motorist.  The back of the
      VIR shall be completed by the person repairing the vehicle.  The
      Contractor shall create a database, enter repair information into
      the database and provide reports of repair information which
      conform to the performance monitoring requirements in 40 CFR
      51.369. Reports summarizing repair performance information shall
      be made available to motorists who fail the initial inspection.

                                      50
<PAGE>

D.    Inspection Data Analysis and Reports

      The Contractor shall submit reports listed below as well as any
      additional reports required for ASM testing pursuant to U.S. EPA
      ASM document and the Quick Test and/or any reports developed and
      required pursuant to the documents listed in paragraph 3.D.1 of
      the Change Order.

      The Contractor shall provide emission test data analyses and
      furnish to OEPA the summary reports listed below on a weekly,
      monthly, quarterly and yearly basis on the same frequency as
      currently exists, or as mutually agreed by the Parties.  The
      Contractor shall also maintain software that allows OEPA staff
      to generate the following quality assurance and enforcement
      reports:

            1. Required reports and notices as developed with and
            approved by OEPA, are as follows (provided that existing
            reports will only be changed to the extent necessary to
            reflect the ASM 2525 test procedure):

                  a.  Wait time Report;

                  b.  Daily Billing Report;

                  c.  Daily Fee Report;

                  d.  Daily Throughput Report;

                  e.  Daily Wait Time Report;

                  f.  Daily Wait Time Breakdown Report;

                  g.  Fee Summary Report;

                  h.  Idle Emission Summary Report;

                  i.  Lane Status Report;

                  j.  Pressure Test Summary Report;

                  k.  Repair Facility Report;

                  l.  Station Status Report;

                  m.  Throughput Summary Report;

                  n.  PR Test by Zone and Station Number;

                  o.  Emission Fail Rate by Model Year Report;

                                      51
<PAGE>


          p.   Control Chart Report;

          q.   ASM Emission Summary Report;

          r.   Network Summary Report;

          In the future OEPA shall have the right, upon thirty (30) day 
          notice to the Contractor, or upon such other schedule as mutually 
          agreeable by the Parties, to require the Contractor to provide the 
          following reports:

          s.   Consumer Complaints and Damage Claims Report;

          t.   Listing of Significant problems encountered during the month 
               (for example fire and accidents);

          u.   Summary of Lane and Equipment Downtime Report;

          v.   Loss of any Test Data; and

          w.   Any Changes made in Basic Operational or Test Procedures that 
               affects the motorist.

     2.   Additional Reports

          OEPA may request that the Contractor provide reports other than the 
          reports enumerated above and the Contractor shall offer such 
          reports as a cost which shall include time, materials and overhead.

     3.   Report Deadlines

          a.   Weekly reports are due no later than the third Business Day of 
               the following week of the reporting period.

          b.   Monthly reports are due no later than the fifteenth Business 
               Day of the following month of the reporting period.

          c.   Quarterly reports are due no later than the fifteenth Business 
               Day of the month following the quarter reporting period.

          d.   Semiannual reports are due no later than the fifteenth 
               Business Day of the month following the prior six-month 
               reporting period.

          e.   Annual reports are due no later than thirty Business Days 
               following the anniversary date of the program start date.

     4.   Reporting of Inspection Results/Documentation



                                       52

<PAGE>

          The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that all relevant 
          data are entered into the Contractor's database and that the 
          appropriate data are transmitted to the State (OBMV and/or OEPA). 
          The Contractor shall be responsible for providing a printed copy of 
          an inspection report to each motorist.  The Contractor shall also 
          retain a duplicate electronic copy of the entire test data for two 
          and one half years.

          The Contractor shall give operators of vehicles both passing and 
          failing the inspection an inspection report. the inspection report 
          shall be designed by the Contractor and approved by OEPA.  The 
          Contractor shall design and print the forms which shall contain, at 
          a minimum, the information listed below;

          a.   Date and time of test;

          b.   Test number (initial, first retest, second retest, etc...);

          c.   Test lane ID number/inspector's ID numbers;

          d.   Vehicle plate number;

          e.   VIN;

          f.   Vehicle make and model year;

          g.   Odometer reading (to the nearest thousand);

          h.   Tampering inspection results;

          i.   Emissions inspection results and pass/fail determination;

          j.   Emission standards applicable to the vehicle;

          k.   Inspection cost;

          l.   Three lines reserved for slogans, clean air or safety message
               which may be changed;

          m.   Type of emissions and/or tampering failure;

          n.   Warranty information, if appropriate;

          o.   Warning that there will be no registration renewal until the
               vehicle has passed or is waived; and



                                         53

<PAGE>

          p.   Waiver information

          The report shall indicate that the vehicle shall be returned to an 
          inspection station (following repair) for reinspection.  Space on 
          the form shall be provided for emission repair documentation as 
          required by the State.

          All motorists shall be given a brief explanation of results 
          (pass/fail) and instructions explaining the next step required in 
          the inspection process.  The inspection report is to be provided by 
          the Contractor.  The document must contain security features to 
          discourage counterfeiting.

5.   The Contractor shall agree to provide OEPA with the appropriate access 
     to their database to allow for the generation of reports, sorted 
     chronologically by test date, for the following items:

     a.   License tag number;

     b.   Inspector identification number;

     c.   Inspection lane number; and

     d.   Facility number.

E.   Recall

     The Contractor shall implement any necessary changes to comply with 
     vehicle recall requirements as mandated by U.S. EPA when the U.S. EPA 
     central database is established and available.




                                         54

<PAGE>


                            EXHIBIT E

        ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION AND
                     REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

    A.   Data and Documentation Expectations

         To assure that the Contractor designs and implements an emission 
         inspection program on schedule, the Contractor shall be required to 
         submit design and implementation data during various stages of the 
         Change Order.

    B.   Documentation of System Changes

         System changes subsequent to completion of the network shall be 
         documented in a manner similar to that used for the original design 
         of the network.  Reasons for changes and the effective dates of 
         changes shall be documented.  All copies of documentation previously 
         delivered to the OEPA representative shall be updated. All changes 
         to the software that effects the test process shall have prior 
         approval of OEPA before Contractor implementation.

    C.   Off-Site Data Repository

         The Contractor shall maintain an off-site data repository for all 
         software and data for the life of the Zone 4, Zone 1, and Zone 2 
         Contracts.


                                       55

<PAGE>

                                  EXHIBIT F

               ASM 2525 AND QUICK TEST COMPUTER SPECIFICATIONS


A.    Host Computer

      1.    Contractor shall use existing host hardware as well as any
            additional hardware necessary to conduct ASM 2525.

B.    System Security

      A multi-level access code and security system shall allow normal 
      testing by the Contractor's staff, control by the station manager, and 
      access for the Contractor's Program Manager and OEPA to implement 
      changes.

      The security system shall consist of addressable entry computers having 
      levels of access to databases and assigned access codes for individual 
      authorized users.

      The levels of access shall allow certain inquiries, additions, 
      deletions, changes and inputs to computers from specific locations as 
      follows:

            Station Computers - Entry of test and quality assurance
            data with no changes permitted.  Changes to test records
            not permitted.

            Office Computers - Changes to the structure of
            Contractor's database permitted.  Changes to test records
            and the databases are not permitted.

            OEPA Computers - Read-Only access to Contractor's
            database permitted.  Changes to test records and the
            databases are not permitted.

      The Contractor's security system shall not allow changes to information 
      in the registration database.

      The Contractor's security system shall account for all license plate 
      inquiries and entries conducted by its employees, for which no 
      corresponding vehicle inspections were performed. The Contractor's 
      employees shall not, through act or omission, release any OBMV 
      registration information for any purposes other than valid vehicle 
      inspections.  The Contractor shall terminate the employment of anyone 
      found to have released such information outside scope of the normal 
      vehicle emission inspection process.

      The Contractor shall describe the physical security of the host system 
      and any connected terminals or computers.  The description shall 
      include the location of


                                     56

<PAGE>

      the item, applicable security access, and security method (e.g. locked 
      room, keyboard lock, etc.).

      The Host system (2) DEC Alpha 2100 and related peripherals shall 
      reside in a centrally located room within the Contractor's headquarters 
      with a separately maintained climate controlled environment.  Access to 
      this room shall only be available through an outer office.  After hours 
      monitoring shall be maintained by a security system, which includes: 
      motion sensors and a live twenty-four (24) hour monitoring system that 
      shall alert the proper authorities in the event of an attempted 
      break-in.

C.    Contractor shall use the following system computers or equivalents in the 
      test lanes:

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
----------------------------------
      POSITION #1 PC/ /
----------------------------------
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
             HARDWARE
----------------------------------
1     DECpc 433sx LPx 
      (486sx 33 MHz)
----------------------------------
2     8 MB (2x4MB SIMMs)
----------------------------------
3     Add-on Memory
      (4MB SIMM)
----------------------------------
4     340 MB Hard Drive
----------------------------------
5     3.5" 1.44 MB Floppy Drive
----------------------------------
6     Etherworks 3, Turbo 
      Network Interface Card
----------------------------------
7     Video Card
----------------------------------
----------------------------------
             SOFTWARE
----------------------------------
1     MS-DOS, Version 6.21
----------------------------------
2     Microsoft Windows, Version
----------------------------------
3     Microsoft Windows for 
      Workgroups, Version 3.11
----------------------------------
4     DEC PathWORKs, Version
      5.1
----------------------------------
5     Visual Basic Run Time, 
      Version 3.0 Professional
----------------------------------
6     Application
----------------------------------
</TABLE>


                                     57

<PAGE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
----------------------------------
        POSITION #2 - PC/ /
----------------------------------
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
             HARDWARE
----------------------------------
1     DECpc 466d2 LPx 
      (48666 MHz)
----------------------------------
2     4 MB (4MB SIMMs)
----------------------------------
3     Add-on Memory 
      (8MB 2x4MB SIMMs)
----------------------------------
4     128 KB Cache
----------------------------------
5     170 MB Hard Drive
----------------------------------
6     3.5" 1.44 MB Floppy Drive
----------------------------------
7     Etherworks 3, Turbo 
      Network Interface Card
----------------------------------
8     Video Card
----------------------------------
9     ADAC 504OMF, 
      Multifunction Data Acquis. 
      Board
----------------------------------
10    RPM Board (NON Contact)
----------------------------------
11    Jameco Add-on I/O Board
----------------------------------
12    Jameco Slave Serial 
      Connector
----------------------------------
----------------------------------
----------------------------------
             SOFTWARE
----------------------------------
1     MS-DOS, Version 6.21
----------------------------------
2     Microsoft Windows,
      Version 3.1
----------------------------------
3     Microsoft Windows for 
      Workgroups, Version 3.11
----------------------------------
4     DEC PathWORKs, Version 5.1
----------------------------------
5     Visual Basic Run Time, 
      Version 3.0 Professional
----------------------------------
6     Application
----------------------------------
</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
----------------------------------
        POSITION #3 - PC/ /
----------------------------------
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
             HARDWARE
----------------------------------
1     DECpc 433sx LPx 
      (486sx 33 MHz)
----------------------------------
2     4 MB (4MB SIMM)
----------------------------------
3     Add-on Memory
      (8MB 2x4MB SIMMs)
----------------------------------
4     170 MB Hard Drive
----------------------------------


                                     58

<PAGE>
<CAPTION>
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
5     3.5" 1.44 MB Floppy Drive
----------------------------------
6     Etherworks 3, Turbo 
      Network Interface Card
----------------------------------
7     Video Card
----------------------------------
8     ADAC 504OMF, Multifunction 
      Data Acquis. Board
----------------------------------
9     Jameco Add-on I/O Board
----------------------------------
----------------------------------
             SOFTWARE
----------------------------------
1     MS-DOS, Version 6.21
----------------------------------
2     Microsoft Windows, Version
      3.1
----------------------------------
3     Microsoft Windows for 
      Workgroups, Version 3.11
----------------------------------
4     DEC PathWORKs, Version
      5.1
----------------------------------
5     Visual Basic Run Time, 
      Version 3.0 Professional
----------------------------------
6     Application
----------------------------------
7     Diagnostic DB 
----------------------------------
</TABLE>

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
----------------------------------
           WAIVER PC/ /
----------------------------------

----------------------------------
      Note: All PC card slots are 
      referenced from the rear of 
      the PC, from right to left 
----------------------------------
      HARDWARE
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
1     DECpc 466d2 LPx 
      (486 66 MHz)
----------------------------------
2     8 MB (2x4MB SIMMs)
----------------------------------
3     Add-on Memory 
      (4MB SIMM)
----------------------------------
4     340 MB Hard Drive
----------------------------------
5     3.5" 1.44 MB Floppy Drive
----------------------------------
6     Etherworks 3, Turbo Network
      Interface Card
----------------------------------
7     Video Card
----------------------------------
8     SCSI Interface Card
----------------------------------
9     1 GB SCSI hard disk drive
----------------------------------
10    CD-ROM Drive
----------------------------------
----------------------------------
      SOFTWARE
----------------------------------
1     MS-DOS, Version 6.21
----------------------------------
2     Microsoft Windows, Version
      3.1
----------------------------------


                                     59

<PAGE>
<CAPTION>
<S>   <C>
----------------------------------
3     Microsoft Windows for 
      Workgroups, Version 3.11
----------------------------------
</TABLE>

      The aforementioned computers shall be stand-alone units (not terminals) 
      capable of performing the lane testing functions even if the link to 
      the host computer is severed for any reason.  The lane computers, 
      hardware and software shall utilize up-to-date technology and shall be 
      capable of expansion.  The software shall have the flexibility to 
      accommodate increases in the number of parameters and/or changes in 
      test procedures.  The lane computers shall meet, at a minimum, the 
      following specifications:

            -80486SX processor
            -33 MHz clock speed
            -4 MB RAM (expandable to 16 MB) 
            -80 MB hard disk
            -1.44 MB 3.5" floppy disk drive 
            -Serial and parallel ports 
            -VGA color monitor with 14" diagonal screen size 
            -101 key full function keyboard 
            -High speed (240 cps) 24 pin dot matrix printer 
            -MS DOS 6.0 (or latest version) operating system 
            -Integrated bar code reader

      The Contractor shall list the features of the lane computers used in 
      the inspection network.

      The Contractor shall provide computer software changes as requested by 
      the OEPA that in OEPA's determination are necessary for compliance with 
      the Contract Documents.  OEPA shall endeavor to keep software changes 
      at a minimum and provide the Contractor with ample time to implement 
      such changes.

      The lane computer shall provide the functions of real time control of 
      testing, processing, storing, and printing of acquired data at the 
      inspection position.

      The lane computer shall perform the following functions:

      1.    Accept vehicle identification data;

      2.    Accept manually entered vehicle data;

      3.    Calculate and correlate vehicle data and select failure limits;

      4.    Control and monitor dynamometer loading;

      5.    Control sample gas flow;

                                     60

<PAGE>

      6.    Control gas analyzer span and zero check gases;

      7.    Control test sequence via test display;

      8.    Accept test control inputs from operator;

      9.    Accept measured values from gas analyzers, opacity analyzers, 
            evaporative pressure check equipment and dynamometer;

      10.   Adjust measured values to correct for analyzer drift;

      11.   Linearize, scale, curve fit and compare measured values to limits 
            separately for each individual infrared cell;

      12.   Output test data for report printout; and

      13.   Output test data to bulk storage devices.

D.    OEPA Computers

      OEPA central office computer shall access the databases in each zone's 
      host computer (including the host computer for Cuyahoga County tailpipe 
      emissions program) and generate the reports described in Exhibit D.

      Contractor shall provide a personal computer, laser printer and modem 
      to the OEPA field office in its zone or, if access to the Novell 
      network is achieved, the modems and phone line connections shall 
      connect to the Division of Air Pollution Control's LAN.

      The Contractor shall be capable to transmit to the OEPA's central office 
      computer (via modem) the data available to the office terminals as well 
      as to access real-time query reports.  The query reports shall provide 
      information regarding number of inspections performed in a given period 
      of time (month, year-to-date, etc.), and failure rate for a given 
      period of time.  The field offices in each zone shall also have access 
      (via modem) to this information from the Contractor.  The Contractor 
      shall provide a listing of real-time reports that can be generated or 
      accessed by the OEPA computer.

      The OEPA computer shall also be capable of accessing OBMV data.

      The minimum specifications for the central office computers are as 
      follows:

      1.    32-bit 80486DX micro-processor with overdrive socket;

      2.    minimum 32Mhz clock speed;

                                     61

<PAGE>

      3.    64 KB hardware cache;

      4.    Minimum 8MB RAM;

      5.    Internal 35" 1.44 MB floppy disk drive and controller;

      6.    Internal 100 MB (minimum) IDE hard drive and controller;

      7.    One parallel port;

      8.    Two serial ports;

      9.    MS DOS 6.0 latest version;

      10.   Minimum three available expansion slots;

      11.   Real time clock/calendar with battery backup;

      12.   101 (or greater) detachable extended keyboard;

      13.   VGA color monitor with 14" diagonal screen size with tilt swivel 
            base;

      14.   Microsoft mouse or compatible;

      15.   Built-in mouse interface or third serial port;

      16.   200 Watt (minimum) power supply;

      17.   Super VGA 16-bit power graphics card with 1-MB (minimum) RAM;

      18.   Uninterruptable power supply (UPS);

      19.   Hewlett-Packard Laserjet 5L with 600 dpi resolution or equivalent; 
            and

      20.   9600 baud modem (v.32 bis)

E.    Documentation

      Computer specification documentation shall be updated after each change 
      to the system in the Compatibility Specifications.


                                     62


<PAGE>

                                   EXHIBIT G


OHIO ASM NETWORK

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>

    Northern Ohio

    Station No.          Station Name No. of Lanes
    <S>                  <C>                                 <C>
         1               Westlake                            4
         2               Berea                               3
         3               North Royalton                      4
         4               Cleveland West                      5
         5               Cleveland Central                   4
         6               Valleyview                          4
         7               Cleveland East                      3
         8               Warrensville Heights                5
        10               Euclid                              4
        11               Willoughby                          3
        12               Painesville                         3
        13               Chardon                             2
        14               Auburn                              2
        15               Rootstown                           3
        16               Kent                                3
        17               Twinsburg                           3
        18               Cuyahoga Falls                      3
        19               Akron South                         6
        20               Akron West                          5
        21               Medina                              3
        22               Spencer                             2
        23               Amherst                             3
        24               Elyria                              3

        Subtotal                                            79

    Dayton

        31               Springfield                         3
        32               Enon                                3
        33               Xenia                               2
        34               Beavercreek                         4
        35               Moraine                             5
        36               Harrison                            5
        37               Dayton                              4
        38               Madison                             2

        Subtotal                                            28

    TOTAL                                                  107

</TABLE>


                                       63


<PAGE>


                                   EXHIBIT H

                             OEPA CHANGE ORDER COST

<TABLE>
<S>   <C>                                                                   <C>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.    Removal and Installation of Equipment                                     530
      Decompression of CVS:
      Installation of BAR 97
      Includes: Management, Labor, vehicle and equipment rental
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.    Sample System
      Network (107 lanes)                                                       669
      Spares (20)                                                               113
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.    Dynamometer Modifications                                                 128
      Cooling Blowers, Air Ducts, Cables, Relays
      Labor and spares
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.    Position 2 Modifications
      ADAC unit, relocate dyne computer, fabricate cables                       107
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.    Facility Modifications
      Ventilation, booth mods., guard rails, electrical mods., data entry   1,556.5
      - approximately $52K per facility
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.    Training for Station staff and technicians                                150
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7.    Engineering                                                               786
      H/W Engineer; Test Sequence; Host Modifications;
      Horiba driver; transactions, QA; Underhood; ATP
      Documentation; Travel; Operating Supplies; Project Management
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8.    Public Information Start-Up Activities                                    150
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Total                                                                 4,189.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
</TABLE>


                                     64

<PAGE>

      By signing below, the parties affirm that they have read this Change 
Order and agree to be bound by all terms conditions and provisions therein.



WITNESSES:                             ENVIROTEST SYSTEMS CORP.

/s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                        BY:  /s/ F. Robert Miller
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------
                                            F. Robert Miller, President & CEO


 /s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                       DATE:            May 6, 1998
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------


                                       OHIO ENVIRONMENTAL
                                       PROTECTION AGENCY


 /s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                       BY:  /s/ Donald R. Schregardus
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------
                                            Donald R. Schregardus, Director

 /s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                       DATE:            May 18, 1998
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------


                                       BETTY D. MONTGOMERY
                                       ATTORNEY GENERAL OF OHIO


 /s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                       BY:  /s/ Christopher Jones
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------
                                            Christopher Jones, Esq.
                                            Chief, Environmental
                                            Enforcement Section

 /s/ [ILLEGIBLE]                       DATE:            May 18, 1998
---------------------------------           ---------------------------------


                                      
<PAGE>

                                  [LETTERHEAD]

                                   May 5, 1998


Christopher Jones, Chief
Environmental Enforcement Section
Attorney General's Office
State Office Tower
30 East Broad Street
Columbus, OH 43215-3428

      Re:   Agreement Regarding Penalty Provisions of Envirotest - OEPA Contract

Dear Chris:

      This letter contains Envirotest Systems Corp. and the State of Ohio's 
understanding regarding future negotiations between the parties.

      The parties agree to engage in good faith negotiations regarding 
modifications to Section 13 of the Contract.  The negotiations will commence 
by September, 1998, and will address (i) possible revision of the wait time 
penalties considering the wait time penalties customarily contained in 
vehicle emissions testing contracts, (ii) clarification of the inadequate 
staffing penalty to provide sufficient standards for an objective 
determination of compliance, and (iii) such other revisions and 
clarifications as either party may propose.

                                       Sincerely yours,

                                       /s/ Thomas M. Skove

                                       Thomas M. Skove

TMS:cls
AGREED AND ACCEPTED:

/s/ Christopher Jones
-----------------------------
Christopher Jones

<PAGE>

                                  [LETTERHEAD]

                                   May 4, 1998


Christopher Jones, Chief
Environmental Enforcement Section
Attorney General's Office
State Office Tower
30 East Broad Street
Columbus, OH 43215-3428

      Re:   Amendment to Ohio Rev. Code Section 3704.14

Dear Chris:

      This letter contains Envirotest Systems Corp. and the State of Ohio's 
understanding regarding future actions which the State will undertake.

      The parties have agreed upon language to conform Ohio Rev. Code 
Section 3704.14 to the current contract provisions relating to the motorists' 
payments for emissions tests.  Pursuant to the agreed upon language, 
motorists would pay the test fee at the initial test, whether or not the 
vehicle passed the test. Ohio EPA has agreed that it will attempt to 
insert this legislative language in the budget corrections bill that the 
administration is working to have introduced in May in the General Assembly.  
If that effort is unsuccessful, Ohio EPA will attempt to recommend the 
language in its FY 2000-2001 agency budget or at the first reasonable 
legislative opportunity.

                                       Sincerely yours,

                                       /s/ Thomas M. Skove

                                       Thomas M. Skove

TMS:cls

The above is Acknowledged and Agreed to:

/s/ Christopher Jones
-----------------------------
Christopher Jones

<PAGE>

                                  [LETTERHEAD]

                                  April 29, 1998


Christopher Jones, Chief
Environmental Enforcement Section
Attorney General's Office
State Office Tower
30 East Broad Street
Columbus, OH 43215-3428

      Re:   Sublease of Envirotest Dayton office to OEPA

Dear Chris:

      The attached summary contains the terms under which Envirotest will 
sublease a portion of its Dayton office to OEPA.

                                       Sincerely yours,

                                       /s/ Thomas M. Skove

                                       Thomas M. Skove

TMS:cls

The above is Acknowledged and Agreed to:

/s/ Christopher Jones
-----------------------------
Christopher Jones


<PAGE>

                    OEPA RENTAL PROPOSAL FOR DAYTON OFFICE

<TABLE>
<CAPTION>
                                                                   Monthly
                                                                    Cost
                                                                   -------
<S>   <C>                                                          <C>

1.    Rent                                                         $  850
      850 sq. ft. billed @ $12/sq. ft. annually

2.    Utilities       
      -  Gas (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)               200*
      -  Electricity (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)        45*
      -  Water (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)              19*

3.    Communications                                                  370*
      -  Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense

4.    Miscellaneous
      -  Security (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)           13
      -  Trash (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)              13
      -  Janitorial (Billed @ 20% of HQ total monthly expense)         73
      -  Snow removal (only billed when actual expenses occur)          7

                                                                   ------
      TOTAL                                                        $1,590
                                                                   ------
                                                                   ------
</TABLE>


* AVERAGE MONTHLY COSTS