DA 14-0291

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF MONTANA

2014 MT 341N

DOUGLAS L. PLOUFFE,

 Plaintiff and Appellant,

 v.

GEORGE E. KNUDSON,

 Defendant and Appellee.

APPEAL FROM: District Court of the Seventeenth Judicial District,

In and For the County of Phillips, Cause No. DV 2014-01

Honorable John C. McKeon, Presiding Judge

COUNSEL OF RECORD:

For Appellant:

Douglas L. Plouffe, Self-Represented, Chinook, Montana 

For Appellee:

Steven T. Potts, PLLC, Attorney at Law, Great Falls, Montana 

Submitted on Briefs: November 13, 2014

 Decided: December 23, 2014

Filed:

__________________________________________

Clerk

December 23 2014

Case Number: DA 14-0291
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Justice Patricia Cotter delivered the Opinion of the Court.

¶1 Pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(d), Montana Supreme Court Internal Operating 

Rules, this case is decided by memorandum opinion and shall not be cited and does not serve 

as precedent. Its case title, cause number, and disposition shall be included in this Court’s 

quarterly list of noncitable cases published in the Pacific Reporter and Montana Reports.

¶2 In January 2014, Douglas Plouffe, representing himself, sued George Knudson in the 

Seventeenth Judicial District Court for Phillips County for conversion alleging that Knudson 

had unlawfully acquired and sold property belonging to Plouffe and the Sleeping Buffalo 

Hot Springs resort. Plouffe claimed the equipment was worth approximately $142,000. 

Knudson responded by filing a motion to dismiss on the grounds that the Complaint failed to 

state a claim for which relief could be granted. On February 14, 2014, the District Court 

denied the motion because Knudson failed to file a brief in support. 

¶3 On February 21, Plouffe moved for entry of default judgment asserting that Knudson 

did not file a response to Plouffe’s Complaint in a timely manner. On February 27, the 

District Court denied this motion stating that no default had been entered against Knudson; 

therefore, under M. R. Civ. P. 55, default judgment could not be entered. The court further 

determined that Knudson had not failed to file a timely response because his answer was not 

due until March 3, 2014. The court extended Knudson’s time to respond until March 17, 

2014. Knudson filed a timely response. 

¶4 On March 21, Knudson moved for summary judgment, arguing that Plouffe had sued 

Knudson in 2012 based upon the same allegations and had sought the identical amount in 

damages. The district court in the 2012 case had granted summary judgment to Knudson and 
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Plouffe did not appeal that ruling. Knudson argued that res judicata and collateral estoppel 

precluded Plouffe’s 2014 case against him. On May 5, the District Court granted Knudson’s 

motion and dismissed the claim. Plouffe appeals the court’s orders denying his motion for 

default judgment and granting Knudson’s motion for summary judgment. While Plouffe 

presents multiple issues on appeal, the dispositive issue is whether the District Court erred in 

its disposition of these motions.

¶5 Generally, a court has discretion to grant or deny a party’s application for default 

judgment after a party has defaulted. Steyh v. Steyh, 2013 MT 175, ¶ 8, 370 Mont. 494, 305 

P.3d 50. In this case, however, the District Court relied upon the rules of civil procedure to 

determine whether Knudson had defaulted. This constituted a conclusion of law which we 

review for correctness. Additionally, we review de novo a district court’s ruling on a motion 

for summary judgment, using the same criteria applied by the district court under M. R. Civ. 

P. 56. Estate of Irvine v. Oaas, 2013 MT 271, ¶ 12, 372 Mont. 49, 309 P.3d 986.

¶6 We affirm the District Court’s denial of Plouffe’s motion for entry of a default 

judgment. The District Court did not err in determining that the grounds for granting a 

default judgment against Knudson had not been satisfied. Moreover, the District Court had 

the authority to sua sponte grant an extension of time for Knudson to file his response to 

Plouffe’s Complaint. M. R. Civ. P. 6(b)(1)(A).

¶7 We also affirm the District Court’s grant of summary judgment to Knudson. The 

court properly relied on the principles of res judicata and concluded that the subject matter of 

the 2012 and 2014 claims were the same, as were the issues and the capacities of the parties. 

The court further determined that the doctrine of claim preclusion, which bars relitigation of 
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a claim that the party has already had an opportunity to litigate, precluded Plouffe from 

presenting his 2014 conversion claim. The District Court expressly noted that Plouffe had 

the “opportunity in [the 2012] action to develop and present this [conversion] theory using 

appropriate procedural rules” but had “failed to present evidence to show a genuine issue of 

material fact relative to his conversion claim.” Consequently, the court did not err in 

granting Knudson’s motion and dismissing Plouffe’s action.

¶8 We have determined to decide this case pursuant to Section I, Paragraph 3(d) of our 

Internal Operating Rules, which provides for noncitable memorandum opinions. The issues 

in this case are legal and are controlled by settled Montana law which the District Court 

correctly interpreted. We therefore affirm the District Court.

/S/ PATRICIA COTTER

We Concur:

/S/ LAURIE McKINNON

/S/ JAMES JEREMIAH SHEA

/S/ BETH BAKER

/S/ JIM RICE