I 

108TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1719

To promote enhanced nonproliferation cooperation between the United States 

and the Russian Federation and foster various other actions that will 

increase the national security of the United States, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

APRIL 10, 2003

Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania (for himself, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. 

SPRATT, Mr. SOUDER, Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. 

LEACH, Ms. CORRINE BROWN of Florida, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. 

WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. REYES, Mr. CRAMER, 

Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina, Mr. SMITH of Michigan, Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland, Mr. STEARNS, Mr. HOYER, Mr. SHERWOOD, Mr. COX, and Mr. FARR) introduced the following bill; which was 

referred to the Committee on International Relations 

A BILL

To promote enhanced nonproliferation cooperation between 

the United States and the Russian Federation and foster 

various other actions that will increase the national security of the United States, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Nuclear Security Initiative Act of 2003’’. 
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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

2 this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

TITLE I—NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAM ENHANCEMENTS 

Sec. 101. Acceleration and expansion of International Nuclear Materials Protection and Cooperation program. 

Sec. 102. Funding for efforts to close nuclear weapons production facilities in 

Russia. 

Sec. 103. Funding to improve security at facilities in the former Soviet Union 

containing nuclear materials that could be used in radiological 

dispersal devices. 

Sec. 104. Enhanced funding for accelerated disposition for highly enriched uranium. 

Sec. 105. Improving measures to track and intercept illicit transfers of weapons 

of mass destruction and the materials and technologies for developing and producing such weapons. 

Sec. 106. Enhanced funding for Russian Transition Initiative. 

Sec. 107. Silk Road Initiative. 

Sec. 108. NATO Science for Peace program. 

TITLE II—ADMINISTRATION AND OVERSIGHT OF THREAT 

REDUCTION AND NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAMS 

Sec. 201. Analysis of effect on threat reduction and nonproliferation programs 

of congressional oversight measures with respect to such programs. 

Sec. 202. Annual report on the use of funds appropriated for threat reduction 

and nonproliferation in states of the former Soviet Union. 

Sec. 203. Plan for and coordination of chemical and biological weapons nonproliferation programs with states of the former Soviet Union. 

TITLE III—UNITED STATES-RUSSIA RELATIONS 

Sec. 301. Comprehensive inventories and data exchanges on nuclear weaponsgrade material and nuclear weapons. 

Sec. 302. Establishment of Duma-Congress nuclear threat reduction working 

group. 

Sec. 303. Joint United States/North Atlantic Treaty Organization cooperation 

with Russia on theater-level ballistic missile defenses. 

Sec. 304. Encouragement of enhanced collaboration to achieve more reliable 

Russian early warning systems. 

Sec. 305. Teller-Kurchatov Alliance for Peace. 

Sec. 306. Nonproliferation fellowships. 

TITLE IV—OTHER 

Sec. 401. Promotion of discussions on nuclear and radiological security and 

safety between the International Atomic Energy Agency and 

the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
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1 TITLE I—NONPROLIFERATION 

2 PROGRAM ENHANCEMENTS 

3 SEC. 101. ACCELERATION AND EXPANSION OF INTER4 NATIONAL NUCLEAR MATERIALS PROTEC5 TION AND COOPERATION PROGRAM. 

6 (a) POLICY WITH RESPECT TO FORMER SOVIET

7 UNION.—It is the policy of the United States to seek to 

8 cooperate with the Russian Federation and each other 

9 independent state of the former Soviet Union to effect as 

10 quickly as is reasonably practical basic security measures 

11 (such as the replacement of doors, the bricking of or place12 ment of bars in windows, the clearing of underbrush from 

13 facility perimeters, and the erection of fences) at each fa14 cility in the Russian Federation and each such state that 

15 is used for storing nuclear weapons or nuclear materials 

16 and is not yet protected by such measures. 

17 (b) POLICY WORLDWIDE.—It is the policy of the 

18 United States to seek to cooperate with all appropriate 

19 nations—

20 (1) to attempt to ensure that all nuclear weap21 ons and nuclear materials worldwide are secure and 

22 accounted for according to stringent standards; and 

23 (2) to minimize the number of facilities world24 wide at which separated plutonium and highly en25 riched uranium are present, so as to achieve the
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1 highest and most sustainable levels of security for 

2 such facilities in the most cost-effective manner. 

3 (c) EXPANSION OF PROGRAM TO ADDITIONAL COUN4 TRIES AUTHORIZED.—(1) The Secretary of Energy may 

5 expand the International Nuclear Materials Protection 

6 and Cooperation program of the Department of Energy 

7 to encompass countries other than the Russian Federation 

8 and the other independent states of the former Soviet 

9 Union. 

10 (2) In carrying out such program with respect to 

11 countries other than the Russian Federation and the other 

12 independent states of the former Soviet Union, the Sec13 retary of Energy may provide such funds as are needed 

14 to remove nuclear materials from potentially vulnerable fa15 cilities, including funds to cover the costs of—

16 (A) transporting such materials from those fa17 cilities to secure facilities; 

18 (B) purchasing such materials; 

19 (C) converting those facilities to a use that no 

20 longer requires nuclear materials; and 

21 (D) providing incentives to facilitate the re22 moval of such materials from such facilities. 

23 (3)(A) In carrying out such program with respect to 

24 countries other than the Russian Federation and the other 

25 independent states of the former Soviet Union, the Sec-
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1 retary of Energy may provide technical assistance to the 

2 Secretary of State in the efforts of the Secretary of State 

3 to assist such countries to review and improve their secu4 rity programs with respect to nuclear weapons and nuclear 

5 materials. 

6 (B) The technical assistance provided under subpara7 graph (A) may, where consistent with the treaty obliga8 tions of the United States, include the sharing of tech9 nology or methodologies to the countries referred to in 

10 that subparagraph. Any such sharing shall take into ac11 count the sovereignty of the country concerned and the 

12 nuclear weapons programs of such country, as well as the 

13 sensitivity of any information involved regarding United 

14 States nuclear weapons or nuclear weapons systems. 

15 (C) The Secretary of Energy may include the Russian 

16 Federation in activities under this paragraph if the Sec17 retary determines that the experience of the Russian Fed18 eration under the International Nuclear Materials Protec19 tion and Cooperation program would make the participa20 tion of the Russian Federation in those activities useful 

21 in providing technical assistance under subparagraph (A). 

22 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

23 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

24 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise authorized to be 

25 appropriated, to the Department of Energy for the Inter-
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1 national Nuclear Materials Protection and Cooperation 

2 program a total of $40,000,000 for the purpose of car3 rying out the policies specified in subsections (a) and (b) 

4 and the expansion of the program authorized by sub5 section (c). 

6 SEC. 102. FUNDING FOR EFFORTS TO CLOSE NUCLEAR 

7 WEAPONS PRODUCTION FACILITIES IN RUS8 SIA. 

9 (a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 

10 seek to cooperate with the Russian Federation to accel11 erate, to the maximum extent feasible, the closure of facili12 ties in the Russian Federation used for the production of 

13 nuclear weapons. 

14 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

15 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

16 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise authorized to be 

17 appropriated, to the Department of Energy for the Rus18 sian Transition Initiatives program a total of $35,000,000 

19 for the purpose of carrying out the policy specified in sub20 section (a). 
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1 SEC. 103. FUNDING TO IMPROVE SECURITY AT FACILITIES 

2 IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION CONTAINING 

3 NUCLEAR MATERIALS THAT COULD BE USED 

4 IN RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICES. 

5 (a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 

6 seek to cooperate with the Russian Federation and each 

7 other independent state of the former Soviet Union to im8 prove the security at facilities, in the Russian Federation 

9 and each such state, that contain radioactive materials 

10 that could be used in radiological dispersal devices. 

11 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

12 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

13 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise authorized to be 

14 appropriated, to the Department of Energy for the Na15 tional Nuclear Security Administration a total of 

16 $60,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out the policy 

17 specified in subsection (a). 

18 SEC. 104. ENHANCED FUNDING FOR ACCELERATED DIS19 POSITION FOR HIGHLY ENRICHED URANIUM. 

20 There is authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 

21 2004 and 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise author22 ized to be appropriated, to the Department of Energy for 

23 the National Nuclear Security Administration a total of 

24 $40,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out section 3157 

25 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization Act for 
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1 Fiscal Year 2003 (Public Law 107–314; 22 U.S.C. 5952 

2 note), to remain available until expended. 

3 SEC. 105. IMPROVING MEASURES TO TRACK AND INTER4 CEPT ILLICIT TRANSFERS OF WEAPONS OF 

5 MASS DESTRUCTION AND THE MATERIALS 

6 AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING AND 

7 PRODUCING SUCH WEAPONS. 

8 (a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 

9 seek to—

10 (1) cooperate with the Russian Federation and 

11 each other independent state of the former Soviet 

12 Union to improve border controls and other meas13 ures to track and intercept illicit transfers of weap14 ons of mass destruction and the materials and tech15 nologies for developing and producing such weapons; 

16 and 

17 (2) work with international partners to install, 

18 at critical international ports, appropriate devices to 

19 detect and intercept illicit transfers of weapons of 

20 mass destruction that are nuclear or radiological in 

21 nature and the materials and technologies for devel22 oping and producing such weapons. 

23 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

24 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

25 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise authorized to be
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1 appropriated, to the Department of Energy for the Inter2 national Nuclear Materials Protection and Cooperation 

3 program a total of $60,000,000 for the purpose of car4 rying out the policy specified in subsection (a) with respect 

5 to weapons of mass destruction that are nuclear or radio6 logical in nature. 

7 SEC. 106. ENHANCED FUNDING FOR RUSSIAN TRANSITION 

8 INITIATIVE. 

9 (a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States to 

10 prevent the proliferation, from the Russian Federation 

11 and the other independent states of the former Soviet 

12 Union to countries of proliferation concern, of scientists, 

13 engineers, and technicians possessing the expertise to de14 velop and produce weapons of mass destruction. 

15 (b) FINDINGS REGARDING THE FORMER IPP PRO16 GRAM AND NUCLEAR CITIES INITIATIVE PROGRAM.—

17 Congress makes the following findings: 

18 (1) The Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention 

19 program (hereinafter in this section referred to as 

20 ‘‘IPP’’) has been a very successful nonproliferation 

21 program. 

22 (2) Through cost-sharing partnerships between 

23 companies in the United States and scientists em24 ployed at nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons 

25 facilities in the independent states of the former So-
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1 viet Union, IPP has supported the creation of sus2 tainable commercial jobs that reduce incentives for 

3 the proliferation, to countries of proliferation con4 cern, of expertise to develop and produce weapons of 

5 mass destruction. 

6 (3) More than 125 companies, actively engaged 

7 in the part of the Russian Transition Initiative pro8 gram that derives from IPP, are developing high9 technology commercial products and creating new 

10 jobs in the United States and the independent states 

11 of the former Soviet Union. 

12 (4) The Nuclear Cities Initiative has also been 

13 successful in helping to prevent the proliferation of 

14 scientists and others with weapons expertise from 

15 the Russian Federation and other independent 

16 states of the former Soviet Union. 

17 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

18 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

19 2005, in addition to any sums otherwise appropriated, to 

20 the Department of Energy for the Russian Transition Ini21 tiative program a total of $60,000,000 for the purpose of 

22 carrying out the policy specified in subsection (a) in a 

23 manner consistent with the practices described in sub24 section (b). 
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1 SEC. 107. SILK ROAD INITIATIVE. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

3 (1) a number of independent states of the 

4 former Soviet Union have been helpful to the United 

5 States in the war on terrorism; and 

6 (2) these states are new and struggling democ7 racies and would benefit considerably from assist8 ance to create sustainable jobs for their under9 employed or unemployed scientists, engineers, and 

10 technicians who were formerly engaged in activities 

11 to develop and produce weapons of mass destruction 

12 for the Russian Federation or another independent 

13 state of the former Soviet Union. 

14 (b) POLICIES.—(1) It is the policy of the United 

15 States to seek to establish and promote programs to pre16 vent the proliferation, from scientists, engineers, and tech17 nicians of the Russian Federation and other independent 

18 states of the former Soviet Union to countries of prolifera19 tion concern, of expertise to develop and produce weapons 

20 of mass destruction. 

21 (2) It is also the policy of the United States to seek 

22 to assist independent states of the former Soviet Union 

23 that have been helpful to the United States in the war 

24 on terrorism so as to promote the creation of jobs that 

25 foster economic stability and democracy. 
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1 (c) PROGRAM REQUIRED.—(1) The Secretary of En2 ergy shall carry out a program, to be known as the Silk 

3 Road Initiative, to develop sustainable employment oppor4 tunities in the United States and in Silk Road nations for 

5 scientists, engineers, and technicians formerly engaged in 

6 activities to develop and produce weapons of mass destruc7 tion in the Silk Road nations. The program shall—

8 (A) incorporate best practices under the former 

9 Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention program; and 

10 (B) facilitate commercial partnerships between 

11 private entities in the United States and scientists, 

12 engineers, and technicians in the Silk Road nations. 

13 (2) Before implementing the program with respect to 

14 multiple Silk Road nations, the Secretary of Energy shall 

15 carry out a pilot program with respect to one Silk Road 

16 nation selected by the Secretary. It is the sense of Con17 gress that the Secretary should select the Republic of 

18 Georgia. 

19 (d) SILK ROAD NATIONS DEFINED.—In this section, 

20 the Silk Road nations are Armenia, Azerbaijan, the Re21 public of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, 

22 Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. 

23 (e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— There is 

24 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 
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1 2005 to the Department of Energy a total of $30,000,000 

2 to carry out the Silk Road Initiative under subsection (c). 

3 SEC. 108. NATO SCIENCE FOR PEACE PROGRAM. 

4 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find5 ings: 

6 (1) The North Atlantic Treaty Organization 

7 (hereinafter in this section referred to as ‘‘NATO’’) 

8 has been successful in sponsoring scientific research 

9 in the states of the former Warsaw Pact and Soviet 

10 Union through the program referred to as the 

11 ‘‘NATO Science for Peace program’’. 

12 (2) As operated as of the the date of the enact13 ment of this Act, the NATO Science for Peace pro14 gram does not lead to commercialization of results 

15 and the creation of sustainable technical jobs. 

16 (3) The NATO Science for Peace program 

17 could be improved—

18 (A) through the use of appropriate private 

19 entities and industrial NATO members to select 

20 current projects of that program that offer 

21 prospects of commercialization with United 

22 States companies; and 

23 (B) through assistance in developing fu24 ture Science for Peace projects with commercial 

25 potential.
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1 (b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is 

2 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

3 2005 to the Department of Defense a total of $1,500,000 

4 for the purpose of providing assistance to the NATO 

5 Science for Peace program consistent with subsection 

6 (a)(3). 

7 TITLE II—ADMINISTRATION AND 

8 OVERSIGHT OF THREAT RE9 DUCTION AND NON10 PROLIFERATION PROGRAMS 

11 SEC. 201. ANALYSIS OF EFFECT ON THREAT REDUCTION 

12 AND NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAMS OF 

13 CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT MEASURES 

14 WITH RESPECT TO SUCH PROGRAMS. 

15 (a) ANALYSIS OF AND REPORT ON CONGRESSIONAL

16 OVERSIGHT MEASURES.—(1) The Secretary of Energy, in 

17 consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall carry out 

18 an analysis of the effect on threat reduction and non19 proliferation programs of applicable congressional over20 sight measures. The analysis shall take into account—

21 (A) the national security interests of the United 

22 States; 

23 (B) the need for accountability in the expendi24 ture of funds by the United States; 
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1 (C) the effect of such congressional oversight 

2 measures on the continuity and effectiveness of such 

3 programs; and 

4 (D) the oversight responsibilities of Congress 

5 with respect to such programs. 

6 (2) In carrying out the analysis, the Secretary of En7 ergy shall consult with the chairs and ranking minority 

8 members of the Committees on Armed Services of the Sen9 ate and the House of Representatives. 

10 (b) REPORT.—Not later than November 1, 2004, the 

11 Secretary of Energy shall submit to Congress a report on 

12 the analysis required by subsection (a). The report shall—

13 (1) identify, and describe the purpose of, each 

14 congressional oversight measure; and 

15 (2) set forth such recommendations as the Sec16 retary considers appropriate as to whether the meas17 ure should be retained, amended, or repealed, to18 gether with the reasoning underlying that deter19 mination. 

20 (c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section: 

21 (1) the term ‘‘congressional oversight measure’’ 

22 means—

23 (A) the restrictions in subsection (d) of 

24 section 1203 of the Cooperative Threat Reduc25 tion Act of 1993 (22 U.S.C. 5952); 
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1 (B) the eligibility requirements in para2 graphs (1) through (4) of section 502 of the 

3 FREEDOM Support Act (22 U.S.C. 5852); 

4 (C) the prohibition in section 1305 of the 

5 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 

6 Year 2000 (Public Law 106–65; 113 Stat. 512; 

7 22 U.S.C. 5952 note); and 

8 (D) any restriction or prohibition on the 

9 use of funds otherwise available for threat re10 duction and nonproliferation programs that ap11 plies absent the submission to Congress (or any 

12 one or more officers or committees of Congress) 

13 of a report, certification, or other matter. 

14 (2) The term ‘‘threat reduction and non15 proliferation programs’’ means—

16 (A) the programs specified in section 

17 1501(b) of the National Defense Authorization 

18 Act for Fiscal Year 1997 (Public Law 104–201; 

19 110 Stat. 2731; 50 U.S.C. 2362 note); and 

20 (B) any programs for which funds are 

21 made available under the defense nuclear non22 proliferation account of the Department of En23 ergy. 
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1 SEC. 202. ANNUAL REPORT ON THE USE OF FUNDS APPRO2 PRIATED FOR THREAT REDUCTION AND NON3 PROLIFERATION IN STATES OF THE FORMER 

4 SOVIET UNION. 

5 (a) REPORT.—Not later than December 31 of each 

6 year, the Secretary of Energy shall submit to Congress 

7 a report on the use, during the fiscal year ending Sep8 tember 30 of that year, of funds appropriated for threat 

9 reduction and nonproliferation programs in the Russian 

10 Federation and the other independent states of the former 

11 Soviet Union. The report shall be prepared in consultation 

12 with the Secretary of Defense and shall include the fol13 lowing: 

14 (1) A description of the use of such funds and 

15 the manner in which such funds are being monitored 

16 and accounted for, including—

17 (A) the amounts obligated, and the 

18 amounts expended, for such activities; 

19 (B) the purposes for which such amounts 

20 were obligated and expended; 

21 (C) the forms of assistance provided, and 

22 the justification for each form of assistance pro23 vided; 

24 (D) the success of each such activity, in25 cluding the purposes achieved for each such ac26 tivity; 
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1 (E) a description of the participation in 

2 such activities by private sector entities in the 

3 United States and by Federal agencies; and 

4 (F) any other information that the Sec5 retary of Energy considers appropriate to pro6 vide a complete description of the operation and 

7 success of such activities. 

8 (2) An accounting of the financial commitment 

9 made by the Russian Federation, as of the date of 

10 the end of the fiscal year covered by the report, to 

11 the destruction of its weapons of mass destruction 

12 and to threat reduction and nonproliferation pro13 grams. 

14 (3) A description of the efforts made by the 

15 United States to encourage the Russian Federation 

16 to continue to maintain its current level of financial 

17 commitment at a level not less than the level of its 

18 commitment for fiscal year 2003, and the response 

19 of the Russian Federation to such efforts. 

20 (4) A description of the access provided by the 

21 Russian Federation to the United States during the 

22 fiscal year covered by the report to the facilities with 

23 respect to which the United States is providing as24 sistance under threat reduction and nonproliferation 

25 programs.
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1 (b) CONSULTATION REQUIRED.—In preparing the re2 port, the Secretary of Energy shall consult with the chairs 

3 and ranking minority members of the following congres4 sional committees: 

5 (1) The Committee on Armed Services, Com6 mittee on Appropriations, and Committee on Inter7 national Relations of the House of Representatives. 

8 (2) The Committee on Armed Services, Com9 mittee on Appropriations, and Committee on For10 eign Relations of the Senate. 

11 (c) INFORMATION FROM RUSSIAN FEDERATION.—In 

12 the case of activities covered by the report that are carried 

13 out in the Russian Federation, the Secretary of Energy 

14 shall, in preparing the report, include information pro15 vided by the Russian Federation with respect to those ac16 tivities. 

17 (d) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘threat 

18 reduction and nonproliferation programs’’ has the mean19 ing given such term in section 201. 

20 SEC. 203. PLAN FOR AND COORDINATION OF CHEMICAL 

21 AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS NONPROLIFERA22 TION PROGRAMS WITH STATES OF THE 

23 FORMER SOVIET UNION. 

24 (a) CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS PLAN.—

25 Section 1205 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
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1 for Fiscal Year 2002 (Public Law 107–107; 115 Stat. 

2 1247), as amended by section 1205 of the Bob Stump Na3 tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003 

4 (Public Law 107–314; 116 Stat. 2664) is amended—

5 (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub6 section (e); and 

7 (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol8 lowing new subsection (d): 

9 ‘‘(d) CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS.—(1) 

10 Not later than June 1, 2004, the President shall prepare 

11 and submit to Congress a comprehensive, detailed plan—

12 ‘‘(A) to secure and destroy all chemical and bio13 logical weapons, and the chemical and biological ma14 terials designed for use in such weapons, that are lo15 cated in Russia and the independent states of the 

16 former Soviet Union; and 

17 ‘‘(B) to prevent the outflow from those states of 

18 the technology and scientific expertise that could be 

19 used for developing those weapons, including delivery 

20 systems. 

21 ‘‘(2) The plan required by paragraph (1) shall include 

22 the following: 

23 ‘‘(A) Specific goals and measurable objectives 

24 for the programs that are designed to carry out the 
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1 objectives specified in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 

2 paragraph (1). 

3 ‘‘(B) Identification of all significant obstacles to 

4 achieving those objectives and the means for over5 coming those obstacles. 

6 ‘‘(C) Criteria for success for those programs 

7 and a strategy for eventual termination of United 

8 States contributions to those programs and assump9 tion of the ongoing support of those programs by the 

10 Russian Federation. 

11 ‘‘(D) Specification of the fiscal and other re12 sources necessary in each of the eight fiscal years 

13 after fiscal year 2003 to achieve those objectives. 

14 ‘‘(E) Recommendations for any changes—

15 ‘‘(i) in the structure or organization of the 

16 programs for carrying out those objectives; and 

17 ‘‘(ii) in regulations or legislation that 

18 would increase the efficiency and coordination 

19 of those programs or would otherwise con20 tribute to the achievement of those objectives. 

21 ‘‘(3) In developing the plan required by paragraph 

22 (1), the President shall consult with—

23 ‘‘(A) the majority and minority leadership of 

24 the appropriate committees of Congress; and 
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1 ‘‘(B) appropriate officials of the states of the 

2 former Soviet Union. 

3 ‘‘(4)(A) The President, after consultation with the 

4 majority and minority leadership of the appropriate com5 mittees of Congress, shall designate a senior official of the 

6 Executive Branch, and provide that official with sufficient 

7 authority and staffing and other resources, to coordinate 

8 the programs referred to in paragraph (2)(A). 

9 ‘‘(B) The President shall designate that official not 

10 later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of 

11 this subsection.’’. 

12 (b) REPORT REQUIRED TO COVER BOTH PLANS.—

13 Subsection (e) of section 1205 of the National Defense 

14 Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2002 (Public Law 107–

15 107; 115 Stat. 1247), as redesignated by subsection (a), 

16 is amended—

17 (1) in the subsection heading, by striking 

18 ‘‘PLAN.—’’ and inserting ‘‘PLANS.—’’; 

19 (2) in paragraph (1)—

20 (A) by striking ‘‘January 31, 2003,’’ and 

21 inserting ‘‘January 31, 2005,’’; and 

22 (B) by striking ‘‘plan required by sub23 section (a)’’ and inserting ‘‘plans required by 

24 subsections (a) and (d)(1)’’; and 

25 (3) in paragraph (2)—
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1 (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ‘‘plan 

2 required by subsection (a)’’ and inserting 

3 ‘‘plans required by subsections (a) and (d)(1)’’; 

4 and 

5 (B) in subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D) by 

6 striking ‘‘plan’’ each place it appears and in7 serting ‘‘plans’’. 

8 (c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The heading of sec9 tion 1205 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 

10 Fiscal Year 2002 (Public Law 107–107; 115 Stat. 1247) 

11 is amended to read as follows: 

12 ‘‘SEC. 1205. PLANS FOR SECURING NUCLEAR WEAPONS, MA13 TERIAL, AND EXPERTISE OF, AND FOR CO14 ORDINATING CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL 

15 WEAPONS NONPROLIFERATION PROGRAMS 

16 WITH, STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET 

17 UNION.’’. 

18 (d) EFFECTIVE DATE FOR FIRST REPORT COVERING

19 BOTH PLANS.—The amendments made by subsection (b) 

20 shall apply with respect to the first report due after Janu21 ary 31, 2004.
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1 TITLE III—UNITED STATES2 RUSSIA RELATIONS 

3 SEC. 301. COMPREHENSIVE INVENTORIES AND DATA EX4 CHANGES ON NUCLEAR WEAPONS-GRADE MA5 TERIAL AND NUCLEAR WEAPONS. 

6 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that inventories of 

7 nuclear weapons-grade material and nuclear weapons 

8 should be tracked in order, among other things—

9 (1) to make it more likely that the Russian 

10 Federation can fully account for its entire inventory 

11 of nuclear weapons-grade material and nuclear 

12 weapons; and 

13 (2) to make it more likely that the sources of 

14 any such material or weapons possessed or used by 

15 any foreign state or terrorist organization can be 

16 identified. 

17 (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 

18 United States to seek to establish jointly with the Russian 

19 Federation comprehensive inventories and data exchanges 

20 of Russian Federation and United States nuclear weap21 ons-grade material and nuclear weapons, with particular 

22 attention to tactical warheads and warheads that are no 

23 longer operationally deployed.

24 (c) ASSISTANCE IN DEVELOPING COMPREHENSIVE

25 INVENTORIES.—Notwithstanding any other provision of 
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1 law, the United States should seek to work with the Rus2 sian Federation to develop comprehensive inventories of 

3 Russian highly enriched uranium, weapons-grade pluto4 nium, and assembled warheads, with special attention to 

5 be focused on tactical warheads and warheads that are 

6 no longer operationally deployed. 

7 (d) DATA EXCHANGES.—As part of the development 

8 of inventories under subsection (c), to the maximum ex9 tent practicable and without jeopardizing United States 

10 national security interests, the United States may ex11 change data with the Russian Federation on categories of 

12 material and weapons described in subsection (c). 

13 (e) REPORT.—Not later than 12 months after the 

14 date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter 

15 until a comprehensive inventory is created and the infor16 mation collected from the inventory is exchanged between 

17 the United States and the Russian Federation, the Presi18 dent shall submit to Congress a report, in both classified 

19 and unclassified form as necessary, describing the 

20 progress that has been made toward creating an inventory 

21 and exchanging the information. 

22 SEC. 302. ESTABLISHMENT OF DUMA-CONGRESS NUCLEAR 

23 THREAT REDUCTION WORKING GROUP. 

24 (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF WORKING GROUP.—There 

25 is hereby established a working group to be known as the 
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1 ‘‘Nuclear Threat Reduction Working Group’’ as an inter2 parliamentary group of the United States and the Russian 

3 Federation. 

4 (b) PURPOSE OF WORKING GROUP.—The purpose of 

5 the Working Group established by subsection (a) shall be 

6 to explore means to enhance cooperation between the 

7 United States and the Russian Federation with respect 

8 to nuclear nonproliferation and security, and such other 

9 issues related to reducing nuclear weapons dangers as the 

10 delegations from the two legislative bodies may consider 

11 appropriate. 

12 (c) MEMBERSHIP.—(1) The majority leader of the 

13 Senate, after consultation with the minority leader of the 

14 Senate, shall appoint 10 Senators to the Working Group 

15 established by subsection (a). 

16 (2) The Speaker of the House of Representatives, 

17 after consultation with the minority leader of the House 

18 of Representatives, shall appoint 30 Representatives to the 

19 Working Group. 

20 SEC. 303. JOINT UNITED STATES/NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 

21 ORGANIZATION COOPERATION WITH RUSSIA 

22 ON THEATER-LEVEL BALLISTIC MISSILE DE23 FENSES. 

24 (a) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States 

25 that the President should seek to ensure that the United 
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1 States takes the lead in arranging for the United States, 

2 in conjunction with the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza3 tion, to enter into appropriate cooperative relationships 

4 with the Russian Federation with respect to the develop5 ment and deployment of theater-level ballistic missile de6 fenses. 

7 (b) PURPOSE OF COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIPS.—It 

8 is the policy of the United States—

9 (1) that the purpose of the cooperative relation10 ships described in subsection (a) is to increase trans11 parency and confidence with the Russian Federation; 

12 (2) that United States defense and security co13 operation with the Russian Federation should con14 tribute to defining a new bilateral strategic frame15 work that is not rooted in the concept of ‘‘mutual 

16 assured destruction’’; and 

17 (3) that that new bilateral strategic framework 

18 should be based upon improving the security of the 

19 United States and the Russian Federation by pro20 moting transparency and confidence between the two 

21 countries. 

22 (c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than one year 

23 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President 

24 shall transmit to Congress a report (in unclassified or clas25 sified form as necessary) on the feasibility of increasing 
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1 cooperation with the Russian Federation on the subject 

2 of theater-level ballistic missile defenses and on the pur3 poses and objectives set forth in subsection (b). The report 

4 shall include—

5 (1) recommendations from the Department of 

6 Defense and Missile Defense Agency; 

7 (2) a threat assessment; and 

8 (3) an assessment of possible benefits to missile 

9 defense programs of the United States. 

10 SEC. 304. ENCOURAGEMENT OF ENHANCED COLLABORA11 TION TO ACHIEVE MORE RELIABLE RUSSIAN 

12 EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS. 

13 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

14 (1) the innovative United States-Russian space15 based remote sensor research and development pro16 gram known as the Russian-American Observation 

17 Satellite (RAMOS) program addresses a variety of 

18 defense concerns while promoting enhanced trans19 parency and confidence between the United States 

20 and the Russian Federation; and 

21 (2) an initial concept of co-orbiting United 

22 States and Russian satellites for simultaneous stereo 

23 observations is complete and should be continued. 

24 (b) POLICY.—It is the policy of the United States—
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1 (1) to encourage joint efforts by the United 

2 States and the Russian Federation to reduce the 

3 chances of a Russian nuclear attack anywhere in the 

4 world as the result of misinformation or miscalcula5 tion by developing the capabilities and increasing the 

6 reliability of Russian ballistic missile early-warning 

7 systems, including the Russian-American Observa8 tion Satellite (RAMOS) program; and 

9 (2) to encourage other United States-Russian 

10 programs to ensure that the Russia Federation has 

11 reliable information, including real-time data, re12 garding launches of ballistic missiles anywhere in the 

13 world. 

14 (c) INTERIM RAMOS FUNDING.—The Secretary of 

15 Defense shall ensure that, pending the execution of a new 

16 agreement between the United States and the Russian 

17 Federation providing for the conduct of the RAMOS pro18 gram, sufficient amounts of funds appropriated for that 

19 program are used in order to ensure the satisfactory con20 tinuation of that program during fiscal years 2004 and 

21 2005. 

22 SEC. 305. TELLER-KURCHATOV ALLIANCE FOR PEACE. 

23 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

24 (1) Edward Teller of the United States and 

25 Igor Kurchatov of the former Soviet Union were ar-
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1 chitects of the nuclear weapons programs in their re2 spective countries; 

3 (2) these outstanding individuals both expressed 

4 a longing for peace and opposition to war; and 

5 (3) as the United States and the Russian Fed6 eration work together to redirect the nations of the 

7 world towards the peaceful use of nuclear energy, 

8 seeking to improve the quality of life for all human 

9 beings, it is appropriate to establish an alliance for 

10 peace in the names of Edward Teller and Igor 

11 Kurchatov. 

12 (b) TELLER-KURCHATOV ALLIANCE FOR PEACE.—

13 (1) The Secretary of Energy shall seek to enter into an 

14 agreement with the Minister of Atomic Energy of the Rus15 sian Federation to carry out a cooperative venture, to be 

16 known as the Teller-Kurchatov Alliance for Peace, to de17 velop and promote peaceful, safe, and environmentally 

18 sensitive uses of nuclear energy. 

19 (2) The cooperative venture referred to in paragraph 

20 (1) shall involve the national security laboratories of the 

21 National Nuclear Security Administration and the labora22 tories of the Ministry of Atomic Energy and the 

23 Kurchatov Institute of the Russian Federation. 

24 (3) The cooperative venture shall be directed by two 

25 co-chairs, one each from the United States and the Rus-
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1 sian Federation. The co-chair from the United States shall 

2 serve for a term of two years and shall be designated by 

3 the Administrator for Nuclear Security from among offi4 cials of the three national security laboratories, with each 

5 laboratory represented on a rotating basis. 

6 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— There is 

7 authorized to be appropriated for fiscal years 2004 and 

8 2005 to the Department of Energy a total of $5,000,000 

9 to carry out the cooperative venture referred to in sub10 section (b). 

11 SEC. 306. NONPROLIFERATION FELLOWSHIPS. 

12 (a) IN GENERAL.—(1) From amounts made available 

13 to carry out this section, the Administrator for Nuclear 

14 Security may carry out a program under which the Ad15 ministrator awards, to scientists employed at the 

16 Kurchatov Institute of the Russian Federation and Law17 rence Livermore National Laboratory, international ex18 change fellowships, to be known as Teller-Kurchatov Fel19 lowships, in the nuclear nonproliferation sciences. 

20 (2) The purpose of the program shall be to provide 

21 opportunities for advancement in the field of nuclear non22 proliferation to scientists who, as demonstrated by their 

23 academic or professional achievements, show particular 

24 promise of making significant contributions in that field.
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1 (3) A fellowship awarded to a scientist under the pro2 gram shall be for study and training at (and, where appro3 priate, at an institution of higher education in the vicinity 

4 of)—

5 (A) the Kurchatov Institute, in the case of a 

6 scientist employed at Lawrence Livermore National 

7 Laboratory; and 

8 (B) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 

9 in the case of a scientist employed at the Kurchatov 

10 Institute. 

11 (4) The duration of a fellowship under the program 

12 may not exceed two years. The Administrator may provide 

13 for a longer duration in an individual case to the extent 

14 warranted by extraordinary circumstances, as determined 

15 by the Administrator. 

16 (5) In a calendar year, the Administrator may not 

17 award more than—

18 (A) one fellowship to a scientist employed at the 

19 Kurchatov Institute; and 

20 (B) one fellowship to a scientist employed at 

21 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. 

22 (6) A fellowship under the program shall include—

23 (A) travel expenses; 
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1 (B) any tuition and fees at an institution of 

2 higher education for study or training under the fel3 lowship; and 

4 (C) any other expenses that the Administrator 

5 considers appropriate, such as room and board. 

6 (b) FUNDING.—Amounts available to the Depart7 ment of Energy for defense nuclear nonproliferation ac8 tivities shall be available for the fellowships authorized by 

9 subsection (a). 

10 (c) DEFINITIONS.—In this section—

11 (1) the term ‘‘institution of higher education’’ 

12 means a college, university, or other educational in13 stitution that is empowered by an appropriate au14 thority, as determined by the Administrator, to 

15 award degrees higher than the baccalaureate level; 

16 (2) the term ‘‘nuclear nonproliferation sciences’’ 

17 means bodies of scientific knowledge relevant to de18 veloping or advancing the means to prevent or im19 pede the proliferation of nuclear weaponry; and 

20 (3) the term ‘‘scientist’’ means an individual 

21 who has a degree from an institution of higher edu22 cation in a science that has practical application in 

23 the field of nuclear nonproliferation. 
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1 TITLE IV—OTHER 

2 SEC. 401. PROMOTION OF DISCUSSIONS ON NUCLEAR AND 

3 RADIOLOGICAL SECURITY AND SAFETY BE4 TWEEN THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC EN5 ERGY AGENCY AND THE ORGANIZATION FOR 

6 ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOP7 MENT. 

8 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

9 (1) cooperative programs to control potential 

10 threats from any fissile and radiological materials, 

11 whatever and wherever their sources, should be ex12 panded to include additional states and international 

13 organizations; and 

14 (2) addressing issues of nuclear weapons and 

15 materials, as well as the issue of radiological dis16 persal bombs, in new forums around the world is 

17 crucial to the generation of innovative mechanisms 

18 directed at addressing the threats. 

19 (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING INITIATION OF

20 DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE IAEA AND THE OECD.—It is 

21 the sense of Congress that—

22 (1) the United States should seek to initiate 

23 discussions between the International Atomic Energy 

24 Agency and the Organization for Economic Coopera25 tion and Development for the purpose of exploring 
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1 issues of nuclear and radiological security and safe2 ty, including the creation of new sources of revenue 

3 (including debt reduction) for states to provide nu4 clear security; and 

5 (2) the discussions referred to in paragraph (1) 

6 should also provide a forum to explore possible 

7 sources of funds in support of the G–8 Global Part8 nership Against the Spread of Weapons and Mate9 rials of Mass Destruction. 

10 (c) REPORT.—Not later than 12 months after the 

11 date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall sub12 mit to Congress a report on—

13 (1) the efforts made by the United States to 

14 initiate the discussions described in subsection (b); 

15 (2) the results of those efforts; and 

16 (3) any plans for further discussions and the 

17 purposes of such discussions.

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