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1990 CP-S-1-2

1990 Census of Population

Detailed Ancestry

Groups for States

U.S. Department of Commerce

Economics and Statistics Administration

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS
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The Decennial Planning Division, Susan M. Miskura, Chief, coordinated

and directed all census operations. Patricia A. Berman, Assistant Division

Chief for Content and Data Products, directed the development and

implementation of the 1990 Census Tabulation and Publication Program.

Other assistant division chiefs were Robert R. Bair, Rachel F. Brown,

James L. Dinwiddie, Allan A. Stephenson, and Edwin B. Wagner, Jr.

The following branch chiefs made significant contributions: Cheryl R.

Landman, Adolfo L. Paez, A. Edward Pike, and William A. Starr. Other

important contributors were Linda S. Brudvig, Cindy S. Easton, Avis L.

Foote, Carolyn R. Hay, Douglas M. Lee, Gloria J. Porter, and A. Nishea

Quash.

The Decennial Operations Division, Arnold A. Jackson, Chief, was

responsible for processing and tabulating census data. Assistant division

chiefs were: Donald R. Dalzell, Kenneth A. Riccini, Billy E. Stark, and

James E. Steed. Processing offices were managed by Alfred Cruz, Jr.,

Earle B. Knapp, Jr., Judith N. Petty, Mark M. Taylor, Russell L.

Valentine, Jr., Carol A. Van Horn, and C. Kemble Worley. The following

branch chiefs made significant contributions: Jonathan G. Ankers,

Sharron S. Baucom, Catharine W. Burt, Vickie L. Cotton, Robert J.

Hemmig, George H. McLaughlin, Carol M. Miller, Lorraine D. Neece,

Peggy S. Payne, William L. Peil, Cotty A. Smith, Dennis W. Stoudt, and

Richard R. Warren. Other important contributors were Eleanor I. Banks,

Miriam R. Barton, Danny L. Burkhead, J. Kenneth Butler, Jr., Albert A.

Csellar, Donald H. Danbury, Judith A. Dawson, Donald R. Dwyer,

Beverly B. Fransen, Katherine H. Gilbert, Lynn A. Hollabaugh, Ellen B.

Katzoff, Randy M. Klear, Norman W. Larsen, Peter J. Long, Sue Love,

Patricia O. Madson, Mark J. Matsko, John R. Murphy, Dan E. Philipp,

Eugene M. Rashlich, Willie T. Robertson, Barbara A. Rosen, Sharon A.

Schoch, Imelda B. Severdia, Diane J. Simmons, Emmett F. Spiers,

Johanne M. Stovall, M. Lisa Sylla, and Jess D. Thompson.

The Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division, Daniel H.

Weinberg, Chief, developed the questionnaire content, designed the data

tabulations, and reviewed the data for the economic and housing characteristics. Gordon W. Green, Jr., Assistant Division Chief for Economic

Characteristics, and Leonard J. Norry, Assistant Division Chief for Housing Characteristics, directed the development of this work. The following

branch chiefs made significant contributions: William A. Downs, Peter J.

Fronczek, Patricia A. Johnson, Enrique J. Lamas, Charles T. Nelson,

and Thomas S. Scopp. Other important contributors were Eleanor

F. Baugher, Jeanne C. Benetti, Robert L. Bennefield, Robert W.

Bonnette, William S. Chapin, Higinio Feliciano, Timothy S. Grall,

Cynthia J. Harpine, Selwyn Jones, Mary C. Kirk, Richard G. Kreinsen,

Gordon H. Lester, Mark S. Littman, Wilfred T. Masumura, John M.

McNeil, Diane C. Murphy, George F. Patterson, Thomas J. Palumbo,

Kirby G. Posey, John Priebe, Anne D. Smoler, and Carmina F. Young.

The Population Division, Paula J. Schneider, Chief, developed the

questionnaire content, designed the data tabulations, and reviewed the

data for the demographic and social characteristics of the population.

Philip N. Fulton, Assistant Division Chief for Census Programs, directed

the development of this work. Other assistant division chiefs were

Nampeo R. McKenney and Arthur J. Norton. The following branch and

staff chiefs made significant contributions: Jorge H. del Pinal, Campbell J.

Gibson, Roderick J. Harrison, Donald J. Hernandez, Jane H. Ingold,

Martin T. O’Connell, Marie Pees, J. Gregory Robinson, Phillip A.

Salopek, Paul M. Siegel, Robert C. Speaker, Gregory K. Spencer, and

Cynthia M. Taeuber. Other important contributors were Celia G. Boertlein,

Rosalind R. Bruno, Janice A. Costanzo, Rosemarie C. Cowan, Arthur

R. Cresce, Larry G. Curran, Carmen DeNavas, Robert O. Grymes,

Kristin A. Hansen, Mary C. Hawkins, Rodger V. Johnson, Michael J.

Levin, Edna L. Paisano, Sherry B. Pollock, Stanley J. Rolark, A. Dianne

Schmidley, Denise I. Smith, and Nancy L. Sweet.

The Data User Services Division, Gerard C. Iannelli, then Chief,

directed the development of data product dissemination and information to

increase awareness, understanding, and use of census data. Marie G.

Argana, Assistant Chief for Data User Services, directed preparation of

electronic data products and their dissemination. Alfonso E. Mirabal,

Assistant Chief for Group Information and Advisory Services, directed

activities related to the National Services Program, State Data Centers, and

preparation of training materials. The following branch chiefs made significant contributions: Deborah D. Barrett, Frederick G. Bohme, Larry W.

Carbaugh, James P. Curry, Samuel H. Johnson, John C. Kavaliunas,

and Forrest B. Williams. Other important contributors were Molly

Abramowitz, Celestin J. Aguigui, Barbara J. Aldrich, Delores A.

Baldwin, Albert R. Barros, Geneva A. Burns, Carmen D. Campbell,

James R. Clark, Virginia L. Collins, George H. Dailey, Jr., Barbara L.

Hatchl, Theresa C. Johnson, Paul T. Manka, John D. McCall, Jo Ann

Norris, David M. Pemberton, Sarabeth Rodriguez, Charles J. Wade,

Joyce J. Ware, and Gary M. Young.

The Geography Division, Robert W. Marx, Chief, directed and coordinated the census mapping and geographic activities. Jack R. George,

Assistant Division Chief for Geoprocessing, directed the planning and

development of the TIGER System and related software. Robert A.

LaMacchia, Assistant Division Chief for Planning, directed the planning

and implementation of processes for defining 1990 census geographic

areas. Silla G. Tomasi, Assistant Division Chief for Operations, managed

the planning and implementation of 1990 census mapping applications

using the TIGER System. The following branch chiefs made significant

contributions: Frederick R. Broome, Charles E. Dingman, Linda M.

Franz, David E. Galdi, Dan N. Harding, Donald I. Hirschfeld, David B.

Meixler, Peter Rosenson, Joel Sobel, Brian Swanhart, and Richard

Trois. Other important contributors were Gerard Boudriault,

Desmond J. Carron, Anthony W. Costanzo, Paul W. Daisey,

Beverly A. Davis, Carl S. Hantman, Christine J. Kinnear, Terence D.

McDowell, Linda M. Pike, Rose J. A. Quarato, Lourdes Ramirez,

Gavin H. Shaw, Daniel L. Sweeney, Timothy F. Trainor, Phyllis S.

Willette, and Walter E. Yergen.

The Statistical Support Division, John H. Thompson, Chief, directed

the application of mathematical statistical techniques in the design and

conduct of the census. John S. Linebarger, Assistant Division Chief for

Quality Assurance, directed the development and implementation of

operational and software quality assurance. Henry F. Woltman, Assistant Division Chief for Census Design, directed the development and

implementation of sample design, disclosure avoidance, weighting, and

variance estimation. Howard Hogan and David V. Bateman were

contributing assistant division chiefs. The following branch chiefs made

significant contributions: Florence H. Abramson, Deborah H. Griffin,

Richard A. Griffin, Lawrence I. Iskow, and Michael L. Mersch. Other

important contributors were Linda A. Flores-Baez, Larry M. Bates,

Somonica L. Green, James E. Hartman, Steven D. Jarvis, Alfredo

Navarro, Eric L. Schindler, Carolyn T. Swan, and Glenn D. White.

The 1990 Census Redistricting Data Office, Marshall L. Turner, Jr.,

Chief, assisted by Cathy L. Talbert, directed the development and

implementation of the 1990 Census Redistricting Data Program.

The Administrative and Publications Services Division, Walter C.

Odom, Chief, provided direction for the census administrative services,

publications, printing, and graphics functions. Michael G. Garland was a

contributing assistant division chief. The following branch and staff chiefs

made significant contributions: Bernard E. Baymler, Albert W. Cosner,

Gary J. Lauffer, Gerald A. Mann, Clement B. Nettles, Russell Price,

and Barbara J. Stanard. Other important contributors were Barbara M.

Abbott, Robert J. Brown, David M. Coontz, and John T. Overby.

The Data Preparation Division, Joseph S. Harris, Chief, provided

management of a multi-operational facility including kit preparation,

procurement, warehousing and supply, and census processing activities.

Plummer Alston, Jr., and Patricia M. Clark were assistant division

chiefs.

The Field Division, Stanley D. Matchett, Chief, directed the census

data collection and associated field operations. Richard L. Bitzer,

Richard F. Blass, Karl K. Kindel, and John W. Marshall were assistant

division chiefs. Regional office directors were William F. Adams, John E.

Bell, LaVerne Collins, Dwight P. Dean, Arthur G. Dukakis, Sheila H.

Grimm, William F. Hill, James F. Holmes, Stanley D. Moore, Marvin L.

Postma, John E. Reeder, and Leo C. Schilling.

The Personnel Division, David P. Warner, Chief, provided management direction and guidance to the staffing, planning pay systems, and

employee relations programs for the census. Colleen A. Woodard was

the assistant chief.

The Technical Services Division, C. Thomas DiNenna, Chief, designed,

developed, deployed, and produced automated technology for census

data processing.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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1990 CP-S-1-2

1990 Census of Population

Detailed Ancestry

Groups for States

U.S. Department of Commerce

Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary

Rockwell A. Schnabel, Deputy Secretary

Economics and Statistics Administration

J. Antonio Villamil, Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Barbara Everitt Bryant, Director
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BUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Barbara Everitt Bryant, Director

C.L. Kincannon, Deputy Director

Charles D. Jones, Associate Director for

Decennial Census

William P. Butz, Associate Director for

Demographic Programs

Bryant Benton, Associate Director for

Field Operations

Bryant Benton, Acting Associate Director for

Management Services

Peter A. Bounpane, Assistant Director for

Decennial Census

SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This report was prepared by Susan J. Lapham and Patricia A. Montgomery in the Population

Division, under the general supervision of Jorge del Pinal, Chief, Ethnic and Hispanic Statistics

Branch, with the overall direction of Nampeo R. McKenney, Assistant Division Chief for Special

Population Statistics. Marie Pees and Rosalyn Green of the Computer Applications and

Processing Staff were responsible for the computer programming of the detailed tables.

Economics and Statistics

Administration

Mark W. Plant, Acting Under Secretary

for Economic Affairs and Administrator

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402.
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How to Use This Census Report------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I–1

User Notes ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ II–1

Abstract ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- III–1

STATISTICAL TABLES

1. Type of Ancestry Response: 1990 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1

United States

Region

Division

State

2. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990---------------------------------------------- 3

United States

3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990---------------------------------------------- 6

United States

Region

Division

State

APPENDIXES

A. Area Classifications ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A–1

B. Definitions of Subject Characteristics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- B–1

C. Accuracy of the Data---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- C–1

D. Collection and Processing Procedures--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- D–1

E. Facsimiles of Respondent Instructions and Questionnaire Pages --------------------------------------------------- E–1

F. Data Products and User Assistance ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F–1

G. Ancestry Code List ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ G–1

CONTENTS

Page

CONTENTS iii
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HOW TO USE THIS CENSUS REPORT

CONTENTS

Contents of the Appendixes -------------------------------- I–2

How to Use the Statistical Tables --------------------------- I–1

User Notes------------------------------------------------- I–2

INTRODUCTION

Data from the 1990 census are presented in several

different report series. These series are published under

the following three subject titles:

1. 1990 Census of Population (1990 CP)

2. 1990 Census of Housing (1990 CH)

3. 1990 Census of Population and Housing (1990 CPH)

In addition, special compilations of census data are

presented in the supplementary report series (1990 CP-S-1

or 1990 CH-S-1). This report is part of this series and

provides 1990 census sample data on 215 ancestry groups

in the United States. For information on the criteria for

ancestry group selection, see appendix B. See appendix F

for detailed information about the various report series;

additional 1990 census data products such as computer

tapes, microfiche, and laser disks; other related materials;

and sources of assistance.

This report includes an abstract, which contains a

summary of results and four text tables; three statistical

tables; and seven appendixes. The detailed information

tabulated in this report is presented for the United States,

regions, divisions, and States.

The data from the 1990 census were derived from a

limited number of basic questions asked of the entire

population and about every housing unit (referred to as the

100-percent questions), and from additional questions

asked of a sample of the population and housing units

(referred to as the sample questions). Two primary versions of questionnaires were used: a short form containing

only the 100-percent questions and a long form containing

both the 100-percent questions and the additional sample

questions. Appendix E presents facsimiles of the questionnaire pages and the respondent instructions used to

collect the data included in this report. Appendix F lists the

subjects that are covered by the 100-percent and sample

components of the 1990 census.

Legal provision for this census, which was conducted as

of April 1, 1990, was made in the Act of Congress of

August 31, 1954 (amended August 1957, December 1975,

and October 1976), which is codified in Title 13, United

States Code.

HOW TO USE THE STATISTICAL TABLES

Parts of a Statistical Table

The census data included in printed reports are arranged

in tables. Each table includes four major parts: (1) heading,

(2) boxhead, (3) stub, and (4) data field.

A typical census report table is illustrated below.

The heading consists of the table number, title, and

headnote. The table number indicates the position of the

table within the report, while the title is a brief statement

indicating the classification, nature, and time reference of

the data presented in the table. The headnote is enclosed

in brackets and is located under the title. It contains

statements that qualify, explain, or provide information

pertaining to the entire table.

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The boxhead is under the heading. This portion of the

table, which contains the individual column heads or

captions, describes the data in each vertical column. In the

boxhead of many tables, a spanner appears across and

above two or more column heads or across two or more

lower spanners. The purpose of a spanner is to classify or

qualify items below it or separate the table into identifiable

blocks in terms of major aspects of the data.

The stub is located at the left edge of the table. It

includes a listing of line or row captions or descriptions. At

the top of the stub is the stubhead. The stubhead is

considered to be an extension of the table title and usually

shows generic geographic area designations and restrictions.

In the stub, several features are used to help the user

better understand the contents of the table. Usually, a

block of data lines is preceded by a sidehead. The

sidehead, similar to a spanner, describes and classifies the

stub entries following it. The use of indentation in a stub

indicates the relationship of one data line to another.

Indented data lines represent subcategories that in most

instances, sum to a total. Occasionally in tables, it is

desirable to show one or more single-line subcategories

that do not sum to the total. The unit of measure, such as

dollars, is shown when it is not clear from the general

wording of the data line.

The data field is that part of the table that contains the

data. It extends from the bottom of the boxhead to the

bottom of the table and from the right of the stub to the

right-hand edge of the page.

Both geographic and subject-matter terms appear in

tables. It is important to read the definitions of the terms

used in the tables because census terms often are defined

in special ways that reflect the manner in which the

questions were asked and the data were tabulated. Definitions of geographic terms are provided in appendix A.

Subject-matter terms are defined in appendix B.

Symbols and Abbreviations

The following symbols are used in the tables and

explanations of subjects covered in this report:

• A dash ‘‘-’’ represents zero or a percent that rounds to

less than 0.1.

• Three dots ‘‘...’’ mean not applicable.

• (NA) means not available.

• (n.e.c.) means not elsewhere classified.

USER NOTES

User notes include corrections, errata, and related

explanatory information. This section appears directly before

the statistical tables in census reports unless graphics are

shown. It presents information about unique characteristics of the report and changes or corrections made too late

to be reflected in the text or tables themselves.

CONTENTS OF THE APPENDIXES

Appendix A—Provides definitions of the types of geographic areas and related information used in census

reports.

Appendix B—Contains definitions for the subject-matter

items used in census reports, including explanations of

derived measures, limitations of the data, and comparability with previous censuses. The subjects are listed alphabetically.

Appendix C—Provides information on confidentiality of

the data, allocations and substitutions, and sources of

errors in the data.

Appendix D—Explains the residence rules used in counting the population and housing units, presents a brief

overview of data collection operations, and describes

processing procedures used to convert data from unedited

questionnaires to final 1990 publications and tapes. This

appendix also clarifies the procedures used to collect data

for persons abroad at the time of the census, where

persons on military bases or away at school were counted,

how data were collected for persons in institutions, and

which citizens of foreign countries were included in the

U.S. data.

Appendix E—Presents a facsimile of the 1990 census

questionnaire pages and the respondent instructions used

to collect the data in this report.

Appendix F—Summarizes the 1990 census data products

program by describing the information available in printed

reports and in other sources, such as microfiche or computer tape; and provides information on where to obtain

assistance.

Appendix G—Contains the code list used in processing

the data. This list is especially helpful in determining the

components included in the categories shown in this

report.

I–2 HOW TO USE THIS CENSUS REPORT
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USER NOTES

Additional information concerning this 1990 census

product may be available at a later date. If you wish to

receive these User Notes, contact:

Data User Services Division

Customer Services

Bureau of the Census

Washington, DC 20233

301-763-4100

Questions concerning the content of this report may be

directed to:

Susan J. Lapham

Population Division

Bureau of the Census

Washington, DC 20233

ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS OF DATA

GENERAL

User Note 1

The user should note that there are limitations to many

of these data. Please refer to the text provided with this

report for further explanations on the limitations of the

data.

User Note 2

Estimated population and housing unit totals based on

tabulations from only the sample questionnaires (sample

tabulations) may differ from the official counts as tabulated

from every census questionnaire (100-percent tabulations).

Such differences result, in part, because the sample

tabulations are based on information from a sample of

households rather than from all households (sampling

error). Differences also can occur because the interview

situation (length of questionnaire, effect of the interviewer,

etc.) and the processing rules differ between the 100-

percent and sample tabulations. These types of differences are referred to as nonsampling errors. (For more

information on nonsampling error, see appendix C.)

The 100-percent data are the official counts and should

be used as the source of information on population and

housing items collected on the 100-percent questionnaire,

such as age, race, Hispanic origin, number of rooms, and

tenure. This is especially appropriate when the primary

focus is on counts of the population or housing units for

small areas such as census tracts/ BNA’s, block groups,

and for American Indian and Alaska Native areas. For

estimates of counts of persons and housing units by

characteristics asked only on a sample basis (such as

education, labor force status, income, and source of

water), the sample estimates should be used within the

context of the error associated with them.

Many users are interested in tabulations of items collected on the sample cross-classified by items collected on

a 100-percent basis such as age, race, sex, Hispanic

origin, and housing units by tenure. Given the way the

weights were applied during sample tabulations, generally,

there is exact agreement between sample estimates and

100-percent counts for total population and total housing

units for most geographic areas. At the State level and

higher geographic levels, sample estimates and 100-percent

counts for population by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin

and for housing units by tenure, number of rooms and so

on would be reasonably similar and, in some cases, the

same.

At smaller geographic levels, including census tract/

BNA, there is still general agreement between 100-percent

counts and sample estimates of total population or housing units. At smaller geographic levels, however, there will

be expected differences between sample estimates and

100-percent counts for population by age, sex, race, and

Hispanic origin and for housing units by tenure, number of

rooms and so on. In these cases, users may want to

consider using derived measures (such as means and

medians) or percent distributions. Whether using absolute

numbers or derived measures for small population groups

and for a small number of housing units in small geographic areas, users should be cautioned that the sampling

error associated with these data may be large.

Even though the differences between sample estimates

and 100-percent counts for these categories are generally

small, the differences for the American Indian, as well as

the Hispanic origin populations, are relatively larger than

for other groups. The following provides some explanation

for these differences.

State-level sample estimates of the number of American Indians are generally higher than the corresponding

100-percent counts. It appears the differences are primarily the result of proportionately higher reporting of ‘‘Cherokee’’ tribe on sample questionnaires. This phenomenon

occurs primarily in off-reservation areas. The reasons for

USER NOTES II–1
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the greater reporting of Cherokee on sample forms are not

fully known at this time. The Census Bureau will do

research to provide more information on this phenomenon.

For the Hispanic origin population, sample estimates at

the State level are generally lower than the corresponding

100-percent counts. The majority of difference is caused

by the 100-percent and sample processing of the Hispanic

question on the sample questionnaire when the respondent did not mark any response category. When processing

the sample, we used written entries in race or Hispanic

origin as well as responses to questions only asked on the

sample, such as ancestry and place of birth. These procedures led to a lower proportion of persons being assigned

as Hispanic in sample processing than were assigned

during 100-percent processing. The Census Bureau will

evaluate the effectiveness of the 100-percent and sample

procedures.

As in previous censuses, the Census Bureau will evaluate the quality of the data and make this information

available to data users. In the meanwhile, both 100-

percent and sample data serve very important purposes

and, therefore, should be used within the limitations of the

sampling and nonsampling errors.

II–2 USER NOTES
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ABSTRACT

CONTENTS

General --------------------------------------------------- III–1

Summary of the Results ----------------------------------- III–1

Tables

A. Type of Ancestry Response: 1990 --------------------- III–4

B. Percent Distribution of European (Non Hispanic)

Ancestry Groups With 1,000,000 or More Persons: 1990- III–4

C. European (Non Hispanic) Ancestry Groups With

1,000,000 or More Persons: 1990 ---------------------- III–5

D. Percent Distribution of Other Ancestry Groups With

75,000 or More Persons: 1990 ------------------------- III–5

GENERAL

This report presents sample data from the 1990 census

on the population size and geographic distribution of 215

ancestry groups in the United States. The ancestry question was based on self-identification, provided no prelisted

categories, and allowed for one or two ancestry responses.

Data are shown for the United States, regions, divisions,

and States. In this report, the terms ‘‘ancestry’’ and

‘‘origin’’ (and ancestry group and ethnic group) are used

interchangeably. See appendixes A and B for detailed

information on the definitions of the types of geographic

areas and subject-matter items used in this report.

The 1980 and 1990 censuses collected ethnic data on

persons regardless of the number of generations removed

from their country of origin. Ethnic information collected

prior to the 1980 census came from questions on country

of birth of persons and their parents and identified ethnicity

for only foreign-born or native persons of foreign or mixed

parentage. Ethnic questions based on self-identification

are subject to certain response problems. For more information on the limitations of the 1990 census ancestry data,

see appendix B.

SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS

Type of Ancestry Response

About 90 percent of the United States population reported

at least one specific ancestry in the 1990 census. The

remaining population included approximately 1 percent

who provided a religious or unclassifiable response, and

just under 10 percent who did not report any ancestry.

About 5 percent of the respondents reported ‘‘American’’

or ‘‘United States’’ (see tables A and 1).

The type of ancestry response provided by the respondents varied by geographic area. The proportion of the

population reporting at least one specific ancestry group

was slightly above the national level (90 percent) in each

region except the South where the proportion was only 87

percent. The South also had the largest proportion of the

population reporting ‘‘American’’ or ‘‘United States’’ (9

percent) or that did not report any ancestry (13 percent).

Some respondents reported only one ancestry group

while others reported more than one ancestry group; that

is, a multiple response consisting of a first and second

ancestry. All first and second ancestry responses were

coded. Since two ancestry responses are classified in

each applicable group, the sum of the ancestry groups is

greater than the total number of persons; for example,

persons reporting English-French were tabulated in both

the ‘‘English’’ and ‘‘French’’ categories.

Nationally, 90 percent of the population reported one

specific ancestry; 30 percent also provided a second

response. In each region, the percentage of the population

reporting one ancestry was much greater than that reporting two ancestries. However, there were differences among

the regions in the proportions providing two origins. In the

Northeast and Midwest regions, about one-third of the

population gave a second response and in the South, the

proportion was less than one-fourth (see tables A and 1).

ANCESTRY GROUPS

Largest Ancestry Groups—The results of the 1990 census show that German, Irish, and English were the most

frequently reported ancestry groups. About 58 million

persons were reported as being solely or partly of German

ancestry, while Irish or part-Irish accounted for 39 million

persons and English or part-English accounted for 33

million persons (see table 2). The following figures present

the most frequently reported ancestry groups (first and

second responses combined). For more information on

various groups listed below, see appendix B.

German --------------------------------- 58 million

Irish-------------------------------------- 39 million

English ---------------------------------- 33 million

Afro-American -------------------------- 24 million

Italian------------------------------------ 15 million

Mexican --------------------------------- 12 million

French ---------------------------------- 10 million

Polish ------------------------------------- 9 million

American Indian ------------------------- 9 million

Dutch ------------------------------------- 6 million

Scotch-Irish ------------------------------ 6 million

The next largest ancestry groups (in rank order from 5

million to at least 1 million persons) were Scottish, Swedish, Norwegian, Russian (includes persons who reported

ABSTRACT III–1
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Russian, Black Russian, Great Russian, Red Russian,

Rossiya, and Russia), French Canadian, Welsh, Spanish,

Puerto Rican, Slovak, Danish, Hungarian, Chinese, Filipino, Czech, Portuguese, British, Hispanic, Greek, Swiss,

and Japanese.

The ancestry data from the 1990 census reflect the

diverse ethnic groups which have come to the United

States throughout its history. Prior to the 17th century,

most of the residents of this country were American Indian.

Persons of German, Irish, and English origin were the first

Europeans to arrive in large numbers; the immigration of

these groups peaked in the late 19th century. A number of

other European groups (Italian and Polish) reached a peak

in the early part of the 20th century. Other groups, such as

Portuguese and Greek, have had significant, but relatively

smaller, streams of immigrants settling in this country.

From the early 17th century to the early 19th century, many

Africans were forcibly moved to the United States. The

immigrants during the last two decades included substantial numbers of West Indian, Arab, Hispanic, and Asian

persons; the latter two groups were also among earlier

immigrants to this country.

Geographic Distribution

European Ancestry Groups—Table B shows the percent

distribution by region of the 21 ancestry groups with 1

million or more persons included under the Western European (non Hispanic groups) and Eastern Europe and

Soviet Union classifications. These classifications are also

shown in tables 2 and 3 in this text.

Of the largest European ancestries, French, Scottish,

and Welsh were distributed fairly evenly throughout the

four regions. Other groups were more concentrated (see

table B). For instance, more than one-half of the nation’s

Italians lived in the Northeast region, Norwegians and

Czechs lived in the Midwest Central region. About 47

percent of Scotch-Irish were concentrated in the South

and about 45 percent of Danish were in the West.

California, the recipient of large numbers of migrants,

ranked first in population size for many of the largest

European ancestry groups (see table C). In 1990, more

German, Irish, English, French, Dutch, Scotch-Irish, Scottish, Swedish, Welsh, Danish, Portuguese, British, and

Swiss lived in California than in any other State. New York,

the traditional port of entry for many immigrant groups, had

the largest number of persons reported in the Italian,

Polish, Russian, and Greek groups. Other States ranking

first were Minnesota for Norwegians, Pennsylvania for

Slovaks, Ohio for Hungarians, and Texas for Czechs.

California was one of the five top-ranking States for each

of the largest European groups, except for Polish and

Slovak who were primarily located in the Northeast and

North Central regions (see table C).

Large regional and State concentrations are also evident for a few of the European ancestry groups with less

than 1 million persons. Specifically, data from table 3 show

that about 70 percent of the Luxemburgers in this country

lived in the Midwest region, mostly in Illinois. The proportions of Slovenes, Belgians, and Serbians residing in the

Midwest region were also high—65 percent, 57 percent,

and 50 percent, respectively. More than one-half of the

Ukrainians in the United States were located in the Northeast, with the largest number of this group living in

Pennsylvania.

Other Ancestry Groups—Table D shows the population

size and regional distribution of 53 ancestry groups with

75,000 or more persons. These groups are included in nine

broad classification categories:

• Central and South America (Hispanic)

• West Indies (non Hispanic)

• Central and South America (non Hispanic)

• North Africa and Southwest Asia

• Subsaharan Africa

• South Asia

• Other Asian

• Pacific

• North America

The 53 largest groups presented in table D reflect the

Nation’s ethnic diversity, range widely in population size,

and show different geographic distribution patterns within

the United States. In 1990, 12 of the groups—Mexican,

Spanish, Puerto Rican, Hispanic, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Afro-American, American, American Indian, French

Canadian, and White—had more than 1 million persons; 8

groups—Panamanian, Trinidadian and Tobagonian, Guyanese, Turkish, Israeli, Egyptian, Nigerian, and Hmong—had

fewer than 100,000 persons. (Data for some of the groups

in table D are also available from the 1990 census race

and Hispanic origin items which are the primary data

sources for these groups. For more information on the

uses of the data, see appendix B.)

The 15 groups under the ‘‘Hispanic’’ classification were

concentrated in one region, however the specific region

varied by group. The Northeast contained about 86 percent of the Dominicans, 66 percent of the Puerto Ricans,

and 63 percent of the Ecuadorians; the South about 69

percent of the Cubans; and the West about 62 percent of

the Salvadorans and Guatemalans. The five groups under

‘‘West Indies’’ and ‘‘Central and South America’’ classifications in table D were heavily concentrated in the Northeast. The greatest concentration were Guyanese with 80

percent living in the Northeast.

The regional distribution of the largest North African and

Southwest Asian groups varied considerably. About onehalf of all Israelis resided in the Northeast, mainly New

York, while over 50 percent of Armenians and Iranians

III–2 ABSTRACT
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lived in the West, primarily California. The Lebanese and

Arab groups were more evenly distributed throughout the

four regions (see tables D and 3).

Persons reporting French Canadian or Canadian resided

largely in the Northeast, 45 percent and 34 percent,

respectively. However, the Midwest region contained 20

percent of the French Canadians, and the South had about

the same proportion of Canadians. In the Northeast, the

French Canadians and Canadians were found primarily in

Massachusetts and New York (see table 3).

Some groups had high proportions (50 percent or more)

residing in one State. Figures from table 3 show that New

York, for example, contained more than 60 percent of the

Guyanese, Dominicans, and Barbadians in the United

States. More than 60 percent of the Bahamians were in

Florida and 58 percent of the Cape Verdeans were located

in Massachusetts. California had about 60 percent of the

Salvadorans in this country.

Comparability—The 1990 census was the second to use

an open-ended ancestry question based on self-identification.

The revisions to the ancestry question for 1990 were

relatively minor. Changes were made to both the wording

of the question and instructions to clarify the intent of the

question, improve reporting, and reduce non-response.

For instance, the term ‘‘ethnic origin’’ was added to the

question for 1990. Additions and deletions were made to

the ancestry examples to reduce misreporting and to

encourage a broader interpretation of ethnicity beyond

reporting place or country of birth.

About 90 percent of the population in the 1990 census

reported an ancestry with only 1.4 percent (3.4 million)

reporting a response that was unable to be coded, for

example ‘‘adopted,’’ ‘‘don’t know,’’ or ‘‘none of your business.’’ These results parallel the 1980 results that show

89.8 percent with an ancestry response and .8 percent (1.8

million) reporting an uncodable response.

There is consistency at the national level in general

types of ancestry response between 1980 and 1990. For

example, the percent of persons reporting ‘‘American’’

ancestry was very similar between 1980 and 1990 (5.9 and

5.2 percent respectively). The percent not reporting ancestry actually declined slightly from the 1980 level of 10.2

percent to a 1990 level of 9.6.

Despite apparent consistency at the national level, a

review of the data at the regional level reveals some

differences between the 1980 and 1990 census results.

The regions experienced a decline in the percent reporting

‘‘American’’ with the exception of the South, which had a

slightly higher percentage reporting ‘‘American,’’ and higher

percentages with an unclassifiable ancestry or with no

ancestry reported.

The 1990 census provides results that show both

significant inconsistencies and strong consistencies in

levels of ancestry groups over two periods of time. For

groups such as Italian, French, Polish, Dutch, Swedish,

Russian, Welsh, Danish, Swiss, Austrian, Lebanese, and

American, there was reasonable consistency between

1980 and 1990. On the other hand, there were groups that

showed inconsistent reporting. Persons of German ancestry substantially increased from 1980 to 1990. In contrast,

persons reporting English ancestry declined from 1980 to

1990. The number of persons reporting Scottish and Irish

ancestry also declined, but the decrease was not as

dramatic as that for English.

The increased reporting of German in the 1990 census

relative to the 1980 census seems to add to the concern

about inconsistent reporting for this question. However,

the 1986 National Content Test, using a question similar to

the one used in 1980, produced an estimate that was quite

close to the 1990 German total. One possible explanation

for these apparently contradictory results is that ‘‘German’’

is used as the first ancestry example in the 1990 and 1986

questions. For persons who may not be sure of their ethnic

origin or ancestry, the examples provided may serve as

response categories from which the respondent may choose

the first that applies.

The examples provided also may have encouraged

respondents to use them as response categories. Substantial increases from 1980 to 1990 in the number of Acadian/

Cajun and French Canadian, which were added as examples for the 1990 question, lends some credence to this

hypothesis. Evidence of this ‘‘example effect’’ on the

question raises concerns about how respondents perceive

their ethnicity and how we structure the question.

The decline in reporting of English seems to be tied

directly to the changes in question design (such as eliminating ‘‘English’’ as an example and placing the ancestry

question before the language question) that addressed

apparent overreporting in 1980. A small part of the difference can be accounted for by the separate identification of

‘‘British’’ in the 1990 census.

The substantial differences between 1980 and 1990 for

the Scottish and Irish ancestries appear to have a relatively

simple explanation. In 1980, the Census Bureau treated

this combination of groups as a multiple response and

tabulated them under Scotch and Irish categories. In 1990,

a unique code was used for persons reporting ‘‘ScotchIrish.’’ Therefore, Scotch-Irish was treated as a single

rather than a multiple response. Both Scotch and Irish

were lower in 1990 and in the 1986 National Content Test.

However, if one were to add the ‘‘Scotch-Irish’’ total to the

Scotch and Irish totals, the numbers would be more

comparable to 1980 numbers.

Consistency of response, especially consistency of

reporting of individual respondents, will be a key component of evaluation research for the ancestry question. The

information provided in this report is only a preliminary

sketch to describe consistency at a macro level.

ABSTRACT III–3
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Table A. Type of Ancestry Response: 1990

Region

United States Region (percent)

Total Percent Northeast Midwest South West

Total population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 709 873 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Total responses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 559 710 120.0 124.6 127.9 109.9 123.3

Reported at least one specific ancestry . . . . . . . 224 788 502 90.4 92.4 91.9 87.0 92.2

First ancestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 788 502 90.4 92.4 91.9 87.0 92.2

Second ancestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 771 208 29.7 32.2 36.0 22.8 31.1

Single ancestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 017 294 59.8 59.7 54.7 63.3 60.1

Multiple ancestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 771 208 29.7 32.2 36.0 22.8 31.1

American or United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 039 560 5.2 2.7 3.9 9.2 2.7

Ancestry not specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 311 069 11.0 9.3 9.5 14.2 9.1

Other1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 389 599 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.3

Not reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 921 371 9.6 7.6 8.1 13.0 7.8

Note: Since persons who reported two ancestries were included in more than one ancestry group, the sum of responses is greater than the total

population.

1

Includes responses indicating religious groups, mixture and unclassifiable responses (such as ‘‘adopted’’ and ‘‘don’t know’’). Some tables in this report

show data for ‘‘other’’ and ‘‘not classified’’ separately.

Table B. Percent Distribution of European (Non Hispanic) Ancestry Groups With 1,000,000 or More

Persons: 1990

Region Total

(1,000)

Percent distribution

Total Northeast Midwest South West

German . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 947 100.0 17.1 38.8 25.2 18.8

Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 736 100.0 24.3 24.9 33.4 17.4

English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 652 100.0 18.0 22.3 34.8 24.8

Italian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 665 100.0 51.1 16.6 16.9 15.4

French1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 321 100.0 25.6 25.6 28.7 20.1

Polish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 366 100.0 37.4 37.0 14.5 11.1

Dutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 227 100.0 16.4 34.1 28.6 20.9

Scotch-Irish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 618 100.0 13.7 19.2 46.6 20.5

Scottish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 394 100.0 20.2 21.0 32.8 26.0

Swedish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 681 100.0 14.3 39.7 14.3 31.6

Norwegian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 869 100.0 6.2 51.7 9.5 32.5

Russian2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 953 100.0 43.8 16.0 18.5 21.7

Welsh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 034 100.0 22.0 24.2 26.8 27.0

Slovak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 883 100.0 40.3 34.4 14.5 10.8

Danish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 635 100.0 8.9 34.0 11.9 45.2

Hungarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 582 100.0 35.7 31.9 16.5 15.9

Czech. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 296 100.0 10.0 51.8 22.5 15.8

Portuguese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 153 100.0 48.9 2.6 7.9 40.6

British. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 119 100l0 16.8 17.5 39.3 26.3

Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 110 100.0 37.2 23.0 21.1 18.6

Swiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 045 100.0 16.3 36.2 17.4 30.1

Note: Includes persons who reported two ancestry groups. Persons who reported a second ancestry group may be included in more than one category.

1

Excludes French Basque.

2

Includes persons who reported as ‘‘Russian,’’ ‘‘Cossack,’’ ‘‘Black Russian,’’ ‘‘Great Russian,’’ ‘‘Red Russian,’’ ‘‘Rossiya,’’ and ‘‘Muscovite.’’

III–4 ABSTRACT
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Table C. European (Non Hispanic) Ancestry Groups With 1,000,000 or More Persons: 1990

Largest Five States

Rank of States

First Second Third Fourth Fifth

German. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA PA OH IL TX

Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA NY TX PA FL

English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA TX FL NY OH

Italian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NY NJ CA PA MA

French1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA MI MA NY TX

Polish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NY IL MI PA NJ

Dutch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA MI NY PA TX

Scotch-Irish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA TX NC FL PA

Scotish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA FL TX NY MI

Swedish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA MN IL WA MI

Norwegian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MN WI CA WA ND

Russian2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NY CA FL NJ PA

Welsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA PA OH NY FL

Slovak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PA OH IL NY NJ

Danish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA UT MN IA WA

Hungarian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OH NY CA PA NJ

Czeck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TX IL WI NE CA

Portuguese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA MA RI NJ HI

British . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA TX FL NY VA

Greek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NY CA IL MA FL

Swiss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CA OH PA WI IL

Note: Includes persons who reported two ancestry groups. Persons who reported a second ancestry group may be included in more than one category.

1

Excludes French Basque.

2

Includes persons who reported as ‘‘Russian,’’ ‘‘Cossack,’’ ‘‘Black Russian,’’ ‘‘Great Russian,’’ ‘‘Red Russian,’’ ‘‘Rossiya,’’ and ‘‘Muscovite.’’

Table D. Percent Distribution of Other Ancestry Groups With 75,000 or More Persons: 1990

[Data include persons who reported first and second ancestry group(s)]

Region Total

(1,000)

Percent distribution

Total Northeast Midwest South West

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC)

Mexican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 587 100.0 1.2 8.8 32.6 57.4

Spanish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 024 100.0 16.4 7.8 30.4 45.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 955 100.0 66.0 10.7 15.0 8.3

Hispanic* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 113 100.0 13.4 5.5 31.2 49.9

Cuban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860 100.0 18.3 3.4 69.1 9.2

Dominican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 100.0 86.3 1.2 10.5 2.0

Salvadoran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 100.0 13.3 1.7 23.0 61.9

Spaniard1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 100.0 21.7 4.8 36.5 37.1

Colombian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 100.0 49.2 5.1 32.4 13.3

Guatemanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 100.0 15.9 7.4 15.0 61.7

Equadoran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 100.0 63.0 6.0 15.4 15.7

Nicaraguan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 100.0 8.8 1.8 51.1 38.3

Peruvian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 100.0 38.2 5.2 26.8 29.9

Hondoran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 100.0 30.2 4.8 39.7 25.3

Panamanian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 100.0 37.6 7.0 35.0 20.4

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON

HISPANIC)

Guyanese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 100.0 79.7 2.5 13.8 3.9

WEST INDIES (NON HISPANIC)

Jamaican. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 100.0 59.0 4.8 30.6 5.6

Hatian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 100.0 54.7 2.5 40.5 2.3

West Indian* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 100.0 65.5 4.5 22.2 7.8

Trinidadian Tobagonian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 100.0 68.8 2.3 23.9 5.0

ABSTRACT III–5
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Table D. Percent Distribution of Other Ancestry Groups With 75,000 or More Persons: 1990—Con.

[Data include persons who reported first and second ancestry group(s)]

Region Total

(1,000)

Percent distribution

Total Northeast Midwest South West

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Lebanese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 100.0 28.2 25.6 27.5 18.7

Armenian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 100.0 29.0 10.5 7.7 52.8

Iranian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 100.0 14.7 9.5 23.4 52.4

Syrian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 100.0 43.2 18.9 20.2 17.7

Arab* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 100.0 20.1 28.7 23.3 28.0

Turkish. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 100.0 40.6 12.3 25.2 21.9

Israeli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 100.0 46.5 8.8 15.8 28.8

Egyptian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 100.0 41.3 11.3 19.2 28.2

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 100.0 29.1 16.1 37.3 17.6

Nigerian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 100.0 20.7 17.3 47.3 14.7

SOUTH ASIA

Asian Indian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 100.0 31.7 19.0 25.6 23.8

Pakastani. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 100.0 31.7 19.8 27.3 21.2

OTHER ASIA

Chinese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 505 100.0 24.9 7.9 12.3 54.9

Filipino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 451 100.0 10.3 8.8 12.5 68.4

Japanese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 005 100.0 8.9 8.5 10.7 71.9

Korean. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837 100.0 21.5 14.3 20.2 44.0

Vietnamese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536 100.0 9.4 8.4 27.8 54.5

Taiwanese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 100.0 22.9 10.8 19.5 46.9

Laotian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 100.0 9.9 19.5 18.6 52.0

Cambodian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 100.0 18.9 8.5 13.8 58.8

Thai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 100.0 13.2 15.0 28.9 42.9

Asian* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 100.0 18.0 14.8 25.4 41.8

Hmong. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 100.0 1.9 43.1 1.3 53.7

PACIFIC

Hawaiian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 100.0 2.7 3.5 7.1 86.7

NORTH AMERICA

Afro-American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 777 100.0 15.4 20.5 54.4 9.7

American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 396 100.0 10.3 17.8 61.0 11.0

American Indian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 708 100.0 8.7 21.9 46.9 22.5

French Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 167 100.0 44.9 20.1 19.5 15.4

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 800 100.0 6.7 12.8 52.6 27.9

Acadian/ Cajun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 100.0 1.4 2.5 91.2 4.9

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644 100.0 15.7 17.8 53.1 13.4

Canadian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 100.0 33.6 18.3 20.5 27.5

Pennsylvania German. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 100.0 53.7 25.2 10.6 10.5

Note: Data for some of the groups in table D also are available from the 1990 census race and Hispanic origin items, which are the primary data source

for these groups.

*This category represents a general type of response, which may encompass several ancestry groups.

1

Excludes Spanish Basque.

III–6 ABSTRACT
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Table 1. Type of Ancestry Response: 1990

United States

Region

Division

State

Total

Total

population

Total

responses

First

ancestry

Second

ancestry

American

or U.S.

Other and not

classified1 Notreported

United States 248 709 873 ------------------------------------------- 298 559 710 224 788 502 73 771 208 13 039 560 3 389 599 23 921 371

REGION AND DIVISION

Northeast 50 809 229 ---------------------------------------------------- 63 293 355 46 954 109 16 339 246 1 376 404 867 916 3 855 120

New England -------------------------------------------------- 13 206 943 16 921 778 12 321 796 4 599 982 428 336 192 036 885 147

Middle Atlantic ------------------------------------------------- 37 602 286 46 371 577 34 632 313 11 739 264 948 068 675 880 2 969 973

Midwest 59 668 632 ------------------------------------------------------ 76 305 174 54 836 104 21 469 070 2 318 991 845 996 4 832 528

East North Central ---------------------------------------------- 42 008 942 53 255 774 38 592 902 14 662 872 1 663 163 671 844 3 416 040

West North Central --------------------------------------------- 17 659 690 23 049 400 16 243 202 6 806 198 655 828 174 152 1 416 488

South 85 445 930 -------------------------------------------------------- 93 868 510 74 344 302 19 524 208 7 899 791 997 282 11 101 628

South Atlantic ------------------------------------------------- 43 566 853 48 166 307 37 873 608 10 292 699 3 775 954 494 720 5 693 245

East South Central ---------------------------------------------- 15 176 284 15 473 681 12 599 551 2 874 130 2 324 035 189 800 2 576 733

West South Central --------------------------------------------- 26 702 793 30 228 522 23 871 143 6 357 379 1 799 802 312 762 2 831 650

West 52 786 082 --------------------------------------------------------- 65 092 671 48 653 987 16 438 684 1 444 374 678 405 4 132 095

Mountain ----------------------------------------------------- 13 658 776 17 357 170 12 610 605 4 746 565 431 713 190 589 1 048 171

Pacific ------------------------------------------------------- 39 127 306 47 735 501 36 043 382 11 692 119 1 012 661 487 816 3 083 924

STATE

New England

Maine ------------------------------------------------------- 1 227 928 1 554 596 1 140 279 414 317 86 797 23 291 87 649

New Hampshire ------------------------------------------------ 1 109 252 1 460 004 1 031 932 428 072 50 978 14 963 77 320

Vermont------------------------------------------------------ 562 758 727 511 519 465 208 046 32 123 11 622 43 293

Massachusetts ------------------------------------------------- 6 016 425 7 669 664 5 626 381 2 043 283 161 069 94 050 390 044

Rhode Island -------------------------------------------------- 1 003 464 1 281 465 943 465 338 000 20 961 11 329 59 999

Connecticut---------------------------------------------------- 3 287 116 4 228 538 3 060 274 1 168 264 76 408 36 781 226 842

Middle Atlantic

New York----------------------------------------------------- 17 990 455 21 439 004 16 433 904 5 005 100 468 237 431 474 1 556 551

New Jersey --------------------------------------------------- 7 730 188 9 607 064 7 161 728 2 445 336 170 232 105 831 568 460

Pennsylvania--------------------------------------------------- 11 881 643 15 325 509 11 036 681 4 288 828 309 599 138 575 844 962

East North Central

Ohio--------------------------------------------------------- 10 847 115 13 683 307 9 904 673 3 778 634 540 664 219 731 942 442

Indiana------------------------------------------------------- 5 544 159 6 615 048 4 889 372 1 725 676 395 123 142 902 654 787

Illinois ------------------------------------------------------- 11 430 602 14 279 605 10 571 267 3 708 338 318 637 154 153 859 335

Michigan ----------------------------------------------------- 9 295 297 12 002 536 8 572 320 3 430 216 332 181 127 760 722 977

Wisconsin----------------------------------------------------- 4 891 769 6 675 278 4 655 270 2 020 008 76 558 27 298 236 499

West North Central Minnesota ---------------------------------------------------- 4 375 099 6 140 451 4 157 549 1 982 902 66 401 29 622 217 550

Iowa -------------------------------------------------------- 2 776 755 3 655 637 2 566 788 1 088 849 86 691 24 282 209 967

Missouri------------------------------------------------------ 5 117 073 6 291 862 4 547 860 1 744 002 329 643 67 918 569 213

North Dakota -------------------------------------------------- 638 800 861 449 618 316 243 133 9 994 2 636 20 484

South Dakota-------------------------------------------------- 696 004 914 992 656 737 258 255 12 527 5 421 39 267

Nebraska ----------------------------------------------------- 1 578 385 2 106 637 1 488 032 618 605 32 045 14 494 90 353

Kansas------------------------------------------------------- 2 477 574 3 078 372 2 207 920 870 452 118 527 29 779 269 654

South Atlantic

Delaware ----------------------------------------------------- 666 168 821 444 604 940 216 504 29 070 8 097 61 228

Maryland ----------------------------------------------------- 4 781 468 5 767 633 4 342 363 1 425 270 178 446 63 168 439 105

District of Columbia --------------------------------------------- 606 900 611 873 534 505 77 368 11 638 5 539 72 395

Virginia ------------------------------------------------------ 6 187 358 6 921 900 5 372 008 1 549 892 577 595 58 132 815 350

West Virginia -------------------------------------------------- 1 793 477 1 990 434 1 488 568 501 866 267 877 34 696 304 909

North Carolina ------------------------------------------------- 6 628 637 6 819 499 5 590 933 1 228 566 787 111 63 639 1 037 704

South Carolina ------------------------------------------------- 3 486 703 3 532 706 2 921 871 610 835 363 370 27 035 564 832

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------ 6 478 216 6 726 867 5 488 604 1 238 263 836 669 55 318 989 612

Florida ------------------------------------------------------- 12 937 926 14 973 951 11 529 816 3 444 135 724 178 179 096 1 408 110

East South Central Kentucky ----------------------------------------------------- 3 685 296 3 799 021 2 996 741 802 280 609 602 60 667 688 555

Tennessee ---------------------------------------------------- 4 877 185 5 025 694 4 019 087 1 006 607 680 833 64 718 858 098

Alabama ----------------------------------------------------- 4 040 587 4 062 963 3 378 448 684 515 705 573 27 612 662 139

Mississippi ---------------------------------------------------- 2 573 216 2 586 003 2 205 275 380 728 328 027 36 803 367 941

West South Central Arkansas ----------------------------------------------------- 2 350 725 2 519 691 1 947 648 572 043 314 041 27 446 403 077

Louisiana ----------------------------------------------------- 4 219 973 4 737 543 3 814 651 922 892 279 979 35 710 405 322

Oklahoma----------------------------------------------------- 3 145 585 3 658 704 2 679 717 978 987 266 214 40 140 465 868

Texas-------------------------------------------------------- 16 986 510 19 312 584 15 429 127 3 883 457 939 568 209 466 1 557 383

Mountain

Montana ----------------------------------------------------- 799 065 1 077 377 747 827 329 550 24 157 12 369 51 238

Idaho -------------------------------------------------------- 1 006 749 1 309 607 924 357 385 250 43 250 21 968 82 392

Wyoming ----------------------------------------------------- 453 588 601 501 416 583 184 918 18 097 4 922 37 005

Colorado ----------------------------------------------------- 3 294 394 4 340 003 3 074 673 1 265 330 96 408 42 904 219 721

New Mexico--------------------------------------------------- 1 515 069 1 740 589 1 390 264 350 325 50 061 16 118 124 805

Arizona ------------------------------------------------------ 3 665 228 4 489 627 3 343 069 1 146 558 101 353 49 752 322 159

Utah -------------------------------------------------------- 1 722 850 2 266 052 1 603 205 662 847 57 211 21 845 119 645

Nevada ------------------------------------------------------ 1 201 833 1 532 414 1 110 627 421 787 41 176 20 711 91 206

Pacific

Washington --------------------------------------------------- 4 866 692 6 452 145 4 470 609 1 981 536 171 150 80 898 396 083

Oregon------------------------------------------------------- 2 842 321 3 758 108 2 582 167 1 175 941 103 250 61 015 260 154

California ----------------------------------------------------- 29 760 021 35 509 141 27 427 694 8 081 447 707 730 331 630 2 332 327

Alaska ------------------------------------------------------- 550 043 680 385 510 177 170 208 22 965 8 091 39 866

Hawaii ------------------------------------------------------- 1 108 229 1 335 722 1 052 735 282 987 7 566 6 182 55 494

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 1
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Table 1. Type of Ancestry Response: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Percent

Total

population

Total

responses

First

ancestry

Second

ancestry

American

or U.S.

Other and not

classified1 Notreported

United States 100.0 ------------------------------------------- 120.0 90.4 29.7 5.2 1.4 9.6

REGION AND DIVISION

Northeast ---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 124.6 92.4 32.2 2.7 1.7 7.6 New England -------------------------------------------------- 100.0 128.1 93.3 34.8 3.2 1.5 6.7

Middle Atlantic ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 123.3 92.1 31.2 2.5 1.8 7.9

Midwest ------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 127.9 91.9 36.0 3.9 1.4 8.1 East North Central ---------------------------------------------- 100.0 126.8 91.9 34.9 4.0 1.6 8.1

West North Central --------------------------------------------- 100.0 130.5 92.0 38.5 3.7 1.0 8.0

South -------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 109.9 87.0 22.8 9.2 1.2 13.0 South Atlantic ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 110.6 86.9 23.6 8.7 1.1 13.1

East South Central ---------------------------------------------- 100.0 102.0 83.0 18.9 15.3 1.3 17.0

West South Central --------------------------------------------- 100.0 113.2 89.4 23.8 6.7 1.2 10.6

West --------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 123.3 92.2 31.1 2.7 1.3 7.8 Mountain ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 127.1 92.3 34.8 3.2 1.4 7.7

Pacific ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 122.0 92.1 29.9 2.6 1.2 7.9

STATE

New England Maine ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 126.6 92.9 33.7 7.1 1.9 7.1

New Hampshire ------------------------------------------------ 100.0 131.6 93.0 38.6 4.6 1.3 7.0

Vermont------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 129.3 92.3 37.0 5.7 2.1 7.7

Massachusetts ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 127.5 93.5 34.0 2.7 1.6 6.5

Rhode Island -------------------------------------------------- 100.0 127.7 94.0 33.7 2.1 1.1 6.0

Connecticut---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 128.6 93.1 35.5 2.3 1.1 6.9

Middle Atlantic

New York----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 119.2 91.3 27.8 2.6 2.4 8.7

New Jersey --------------------------------------------------- 100.0 124.3 92.6 31.6 2.2 1.4 7.4

Pennsylvania--------------------------------------------------- 100.0 129.0 92.9 36.1 2.6 1.2 7.1

East North Central Ohio--------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 126.1 91.3 34.8 5.0 2.0 8.7

Indiana------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 119.3 88.2 31.1 7.1 2.6 11.8

Illinois ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 124.9 92.5 32.4 2.8 1.3 7.5

Michigan ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 129.1 92.2 36.9 3.6 1.4 7.8

Wisconsin----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 136.5 95.2 41.3 1.6 0.6 4.8

West North Central

Minnesota ---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 140.3 95.0 45.3 1.5 0.7 5.0

Iowa -------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 131.7 92.4 39.2 3.1 0.9 7.6

Missouri------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 123.0 88.9 34.1 6.4 1.3 11.1

North Dakota -------------------------------------------------- 100.0 134.9 96.8 38.1 1.6 0.4 3.2

South Dakota-------------------------------------------------- 100.0 131.5 94.4 37.1 1.8 0.8 5.6

Nebraska ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 133.5 94.3 39.2 2.0 0.9 5.7

Kansas------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 124.2 89.1 35.1 4.8 1.2 10.9

South Atlantic

Delaware ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 123.3 90.8 32.5 4.4 1.2 9.2

Maryland ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 120.6 90.8 29.8 3.7 1.3 9.2

District of Columbia --------------------------------------------- 100.0 100.8 88.1 12.7 1.9 0.9 11.9

Virginia ------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 111.9 86.8 25.0 9.3 0.9 13.2

West Virginia -------------------------------------------------- 100.0 111.0 83.0 28.0 14.9 1.9 17.0

North Carolina ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 102.9 84.3 18.5 11.9 1.0 15.7

South Carolina ------------------------------------------------- 100.0 101.3 83.8 17.5 10.4 0.8 16.2

Georgia ------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 103.8 84.7 19.1 12.9 0.9 15.3

Florida ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 115.7 89.1 26.6 5.6 1.4 10.9

East South Central

Kentucky ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 103.1 81.3 21.8 16.5 1.6 18.7

Tennessee ---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 103.0 82.4 20.6 14.0 1.3 17.6

Alabama ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 100.6 83.6 16.9 17.5 0.7 16.4

Mississippi ---------------------------------------------------- 100.0 100.5 85.7 14.8 12.7 1.4 14.3

West South Central Arkansas ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 107.2 82.9 24.3 13.4 1.2 17.1

Louisiana ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 112.3 90.4 21.9 6.6 0.8 9.6

Oklahoma----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 116.3 85.2 31.1 8.5 1.3 14.8

Texas-------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 113.7 90.8 22.9 5.5 1.2 9.2

Mountain

Montana ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 134.8 93.6 41.2 3.0 1.5 6.4

Idaho -------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 130.1 91.8 38.3 4.3 2.2 8.2

Wyoming ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 132.6 91.8 40.8 4.0 1.1 8.2

Colorado ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 131.7 93.3 38.4 2.9 1.3 6.7

New Mexico--------------------------------------------------- 100.0 114.9 91.8 23.1 3.3 1.1 8.2

Arizona ------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 122.5 91.2 31.3 2.8 1.4 8.8

Utah -------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 131.5 93.1 38.5 3.3 1.3 6.9

Nevada ------------------------------------------------------ 100.0 127.5 92.4 35.1 3.4 1.7 7.6

Pacific

Washington --------------------------------------------------- 100.0 132.6 91.9 40.7 3.5 1.7 8.1

Oregon------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 132.2 90.8 41.4 3.6 2.1 9.2

California ----------------------------------------------------- 100.0 119.3 92.2 27.2 2.4 1.1 7.8

Alaska ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 123.7 92.8 30.9 4.2 1.5 7.2

Hawaii ------------------------------------------------------- 100.0 120.5 95.0 25.5 0.7 0.6 5.0

Note: Since persons who reported two ancestries were included in more than one ancestry group, the sum of responses is greater than the total.

1Includes responses indicating religious groups or unclassifiable responses.

2 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 2. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990

United States

Persons who reported at least one specific

ancestry Percent

Total Percent of total

1 Persons who reported first ancestry

Persons who reported second ancestry First ancestry Second ancestry

Total ------------------------------------------------ 248 709 873 100.0 224 788 502 73 771 208 90.4 29.7

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 16 465 0.0 9 683 6 782 58.8 41.2

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 864 783 0.3 542 138 322 645 62.7 37.3

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 47 956 0.0 37 842 10 114 78.9 21.1

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 6 001 0.0 4 961 1 040 82.7 17.3

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 7 620 0.0 6 681 939 87.7 12.3

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 34 335 0.0 26 200 8 135 76.3 23.7

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 4 348 0.0 2 833 1 515 65.2 34.8

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 380 498 0.2 239 439 141 059 62.9 37.1

British ------------------------------------------------------ 1 119 154 0.4 867 255 251 899 77.5 22.5

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 29 652 0.0 22 966 6 686 77.5 22.5

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 3 991 0.0 2 237 1 754 56.1 43.9

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 4 897 0.0 4 678 219 95.5 4.5

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 2 197 0.0 2 161 36 98.4 1.6

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 289 0.0 289 0 100.0 0.0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 2 411 0.0 2 228 183 92.4 7.6

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 1 634 669 0.7 980 868 653 801 60.0 40.0

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 6 227 089 2.5 3 475 410 2 751 679 55.8 44.2

English------------------------------------------------------ 32 651 788 13.1 21 834 160 10 817 628 66.9 33.1

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 658 870 0.3 465 070 193 800 70.6 29.4

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 14 157 0.0 8 636 5 521 61.0 39.0

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 10 320 935 4.1 6 194 501 4 126 434 60.0 40.0

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 57 947 374 23.3 45 555 748 12 391 626 78.6 21.4

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 1 110 373 0.4 921 782 188 591 83.0 17.0

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 40 529 0.0 27 171 13 358 67.0 33.0

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 38 735 539 15.6 22 695 454 16 040 085 58.6 41.4

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 14 664 550 5.9 11 246 781 3 417 769 76.7 23.3

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 49 061 0.0 28 846 20 215 58.8 41.2

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 39 600 0.0 30 292 9 308 76.5 23.5

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 6 317 0.0 3 806 2 511 60.3 39.7

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 4 009 0.0 2 832 1 177 70.6 29.4

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 3 869 395 1.6 2 517 760 1 351 635 65.1 34.9

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 1 153 351 0.5 900 060 253 291 78.0 22.0

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 4 310 0.0 2 873 1 437 66.7 33.3

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 184 0.0 106 78 57.6 42.4

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 1 148 857 0.5 897 081 251 776 78.1 21.9

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 25 469 0.0 19 184 6 285 75.3 24.7

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 4 519 0.0 2 658 1 861 58.8 41.2

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 678 880 0.3 480 646 198 234 70.8 29.2

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 5 617 773 2.3 4 334 197 1 283 576 77.2 22.8

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 5 393 581 2.2 3 315 306 2 078 275 61.5 38.5

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 50 389 0.0 40 034 10 355 79.4 20.6

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 4 680 863 1.9 2 881 950 1 798 913 61.6 38.4

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 1 045 495 0.4 607 833 437 662 58.1 41.9

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 5 748 0.0 3 718 2 030 64.7 35.3

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 2 033 893 0.8 1 038 603 995 290 51.1 48.9

West German ------------------------------------------------ 3 885 0.0 3 509 376 90.3 9.7

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 42 409 0.0 41 664 745 98.2 1.8

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 2 005 0.0 1 328 677 66.2 33.8

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 47 710 0.0 38 361 9 349 80.4 19.6

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 4 277 0.0 3 471 806 81.2 18.8

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 29 595 0.0 20 894 8 701 70.6 29.4

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 7 602 0.0 6 927 675 91.1 8.9

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 5 604 0.0 5 434 170 97.0 3.0

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 544 270 0.2 409 458 134 812 75.2 24.8

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 296 411 0.5 769 427 526 984 59.4 40.6

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 315 285 0.1 240 489 74 796 76.3 23.7

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 26 762 0.0 20 996 5 766 78.5 21.5

European* --------------------------------------------------- 466 718 0.2 444 107 22 611 95.2 4.8

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 10 153 0.0 9 833 320 96.8 3.2

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 1 582 302 0.6 997 545 584 757 63.0 37.0

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 100 331 0.0 75 747 24 584 75.5 24.5

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 811 865 0.3 526 089 285 776 64.8 35.2

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 20 365 0.0 16 113 4 252 79.1 20.9

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 3 781 0.0 2 660 1 121 70.4 29.6

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 65 993 0.0 64 758 1 235 98.1 1.9

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 9 366 106 3.8 6 542 844 2 823 262 69.9 30.1

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 5 693 0.0 3 353 2 340 58.9 41.1

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 365 544 0.1 235 774 129 770 64.5 35.5

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 2 952 987 1.2 2 115 232 837 755 71.6 28.4

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 3 776 0.0 3 010 766 79.7 20.3

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 116 795 0.0 89 583 27 212 76.7 23.3

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 76 931 0.0 43 301 33 630 56.3 43.7

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 1 882 897 0.8 1 210 652 672 245 64.3 35.7

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 124 437 0.1 87 500 36 937 70.3 29.7

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 7 729 0.0 6 080 1 649 78.7 21.3

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 740 803 0.3 514 085 226 718 69.4 30.6

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 3 189 0.0 1 935 1 254 60.7 39.3

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 257 994 0.1 184 952 73 042 71.7 28.3

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 132 332 0.1 123 717 8 615 93.5 6.5

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 3
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Table 2. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Persons who reported at least one specific

ancestry Percent

Total Percent of total

1 Persons who reported first ancestry

Persons who reported second ancestry First ancestry Second ancestry

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 63 176 0.0 54 324 8 852 86.0 14.0

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 33 738 0.0 31 035 2 703 92.0 8.0

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 10 310 0.0 9 755 555 94.6 5.4

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 61 465 0.0 54 842 6 623 89.2 10.8

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 351 717 0.1 329 160 22 557 93.6 6.4

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 51 771 0.0 45 601 6 170 88.1 11.9

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 859 739 0.3 805 204 54 535 93.7 6.3

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 505 690 0.2 484 893 20 797 95.9 4.1

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 197 374 0.1 182 904 14 470 92.7 7.3

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 241 559 0.1 229 479 12 080 95.0 5.0

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 1 113 259 0.4 1 059 910 53 349 95.2 4.8

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 116 635 0.0 108 364 8 271 92.9 7.1

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 43 521 0.0 39 446 4 075 90.6 9.4

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 11 586 983 4.7 11 165 939 421 044 96.4 3.6

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 177 077 0.1 167 395 9 682 94.5 5.5

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 88 649 0.0 76 829 11 820 86.7 13.3

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 5 415 0.0 4 916 499 90.8 9.2

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 161 866 0.1 147 504 14 362 91.1 8.9

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 1 955 323 0.8 1 813 122 142 201 92.7 7.3

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 499 153 0.2 479 977 19 176 96.2 3.8

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 10 867 0.0 9 075 1 792 83.5 16.5

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 360 935 0.1 312 865 48 070 86.7 13.3

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 2 024 004 0.8 1 625 866 398 138 80.3 19.7

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 14 641 0.0 13 418 1 223 91.6 8.4

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 40 331 0.0 34 046 6 285 84.4 15.6

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 5 259 0.0 3 940 1 319 74.9 25.1

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA

(NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 22 922 0.0 21 205 1 717 92.5 7.5

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 65 875 0.0 57 108 8 767 86.7 13.3

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 81 665 0.0 75 765 5 900 92.8 7.2

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 1 217 0.0 1 078 139 88.6 11.4

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 21 081 0.0 18 752 2 329 89.0 11.0

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 35 455 0.0 33 178 2 277 93.6 6.4

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 4 941 0.0 4 007 934 81.1 18.9

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 37 819 0.0 35 446 2 373 93.7 6.3

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 7 364 0.0 6 891 473 93.6 6.4

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 11 188 0.0 10 737 451 96.0 4.0

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 2 811 0.0 2 564 247 91.2 8.8

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 3 415 0.0 3 113 302 91.2 8.8

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 5 773 0.0 5 487 286 95.0 5.0

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 7 268 0.0 6 654 614 91.6 8.4

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 61 530 0.0 33 473 28 057 54.4 45.6

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 289 521 0.1 280 874 8 647 97.0 3.0

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 435 024 0.2 410 933 24 091 94.5 5.5

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 76 270 0.0 71 720 4 550 94.0 6.0

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 7 621 0.0 6 831 790 89.6 10.4

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 159 167 0.1 138 521 20 646 87.0 13.0

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 4 139 0.0 3 405 734 82.3 17.7

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 3 215 0.0 2 537 678 78.9 21.1

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 127 364 0.1 112 411 14 953 88.3 11.7

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 308 096 0.1 267 975 40 121 87.0 13.0

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 51 765 0.0 46 099 5 666 89.1 10.9

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 78 574 0.0 73 097 5 477 93.0 7.0

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 235 521 0.1 220 714 14 807 93.7 6.3

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 23 212 0.0 20 657 2 555 89.0 11.0

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 81 677 0.0 69 018 12 659 84.5 15.5

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 20 656 0.0 19 657 999 95.2 4.8

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 394 180 0.2 309 578 84 602 78.5 21.5

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 7 656 0.0 6 654 1 002 86.9 13.1

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 19 089 0.0 15 015 4 074 78.7 21.3

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 48 019 0.0 44 651 3 368 93.0 7.0

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 4 486 0.0 4 257 229 94.9 5.1

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 129 606 0.1 95 155 34 451 73.4 26.6

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 83 850 0.0 66 492 17 358 79.3 20.7

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 4 011 0.0 3 497 514 87.2 12.8

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 10 670 0.0 9 225 1 445 86.5 13.5

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 245 845 0.1 224 740 21 105 91.4 8.6

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 50 772 0.0 46 552 4 220 91.7 8.3

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 4 270 0.0 4 231 39 99.1 0.9

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 30 581 0.0 29 637 944 96.9 3.1

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 20 066 0.0 19 695 371 98.2 1.8

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 4 639 0.0 4 460 179 96.1 3.9

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 8 797 0.0 8 309 488 94.5 5.5

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 91 688 0.0 86 875 4 813 94.8 5.2

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 4 627 0.0 4 441 186 96.0 4.0

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 17 992 0.0 15 347 2 645 85.3 14.7

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 3 623 0.0 3 341 282 92.2 7.8

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 2 681 0.0 2 475 206 92.3 7.7

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 20 607 0.0 19 182 1 425 93.1 6.9

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 31 301 0.0 30 600 701 97.8 2.2

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 570 322 0.2 549 669 20 653 96.4 3.6

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 12 486 0.0 11 901 585 95.3 4.7

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 2 516 0.0 2 369 147 94.2 5.8

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 99 974 0.0 95 301 4 673 95.3 4.7

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 14 448 0.0 13 541 907 93.7 6.3

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 116 0.0 116 0 100.0 0.0

4 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 2. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Persons who reported at least one specific

ancestry Percent

Total Percent of total

1 Persons who reported first ancestry

Persons who reported second ancestry First ancestry Second ancestry

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 15 523 0.0 15 449 74 99.5 0.5

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 107 172 0.0 98 776 8 396 92.2 7.8

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 8 646 0.0 7 196 1 450 83.2 16.8

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 134 955 0.1 132 157 2 798 97.9 2.1

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 25 020 0.0 24 926 94 99.6 0.4

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 1 505 245 0.6 1 404 634 100 611 93.3 6.7

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 14 177 0.0 13 553 624 95.6 4.4

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 1 450 512 0.6 1 333 521 116 991 91.9 8.1

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 84 823 0.0 81 194 3 629 95.7 4.3

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 5 774 0.0 4 541 1 233 78.6 21.4

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 43 969 0.0 27 936 16 033 63.5 36.5

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 1 004 645 0.4 908 599 96 046 90.4 9.6

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 2 979 0.0 2 979 0 100.0 0.0

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 836 987 0.3 798 595 38 392 95.4 4.6

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 146 930 0.1 142 640 4 290 97.1 2.9

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 27 800 0.0 25 317 2 483 91.1 8.9

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 3 507 0.0 2 554 953 72.8 27.2

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 10 554 0.0 8 498 2 056 80.5 19.5

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 2 419 0.0 2 230 189 92.2 7.8

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 192 973 0.1 187 012 5 961 96.9 3.1

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 112 117 0.0 102 941 9 176 91.8 8.2

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 535 825 0.2 519 200 16 625 96.9 3.1

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 2 185 0.0 1 887 298 86.4 13.6

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 52 133 0.0 36 290 15 843 69.6 30.4

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 4 427 0.0 4 065 362 91.8 8.2

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 7 472 0.0 6 928 544 92.7 7.3

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 39 237 0.0 33 053 6 184 84.2 15.8

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 256 081 0.1 205 802 50 279 80.4 19.6

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 3 406 0.0 3 171 235 93.1 6.9

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 7 742 0.0 5 997 1 745 77.5 22.5

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 11 330 0.0 10 289 1 041 90.8 9.2

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 10 854 0.0 8 303 2 551 76.5 23.5

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 55 419 0.0 49 503 5 916 89.3 10.7

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 16 019 0.0 14 971 1 048 93.5 6.5

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 8 674 0.0 7 258 1 416 83.7 16.3

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 668 271 0.3 597 729 70 542 89.4 10.6

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 23 777 098 9.6 23 541 280 235 818 99.0 1.0

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 15 816 0.0 13 232 2 584 83.7 16.3

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 8 708 220 3.5 4 864 263 3 843 957 55.9 44.1

American ---------------------------------------------------- 12 395 999 5.0 12 395 999 0 100.0 0.0

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 549 990 0.2 354 656 195 334 64.5 35.5

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 52 920 0.0 48 523 4 397 91.7 8.3

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 2 167 127 0.9 1 698 394 468 733 78.4 21.6

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 5 412 0.0 3 636 1 776 67.2 32.8

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 12 618 0.0 12 618 0 100.0 0.0

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 5 489 0.0 3 320 2 169 60.5 39.5

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 305 841 0.1 246 461 59 380 80.6 19.4

United States------------------------------------------------- 643 561 0.3 643 561 0 100.0 0.0

White19----------------------------------------------------- 1 799 711 0.7 1 799 711 0 100.0 0.0

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 309 0.0 185 124 59.9 40.1

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 3 389 599 1.4 3 088 188 301 411 91.1 8.9

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 23 921 371 9.6 23 921 371 n.a. n.a. n.a.

Note: Some individuals reported a single ancestry group; others reported more than one group. All first (or single) and second responses were coded. Since persons who reported two ancestries were included in more than one group, the sum of persons reporting the ancestry groups is greater than the total. The ancestry data include groups that correspond to those identified separately in the race and Hispanic origin items.In the 1990 census, separate

questions were asked on race and Hispanic origin. The race item provides the primary source of data for White; Black; American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut; and Asian and Pacific Islander. The 1990 census Hispanic origin question is the primary identifier for Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban and those who indicated that they were of " other" Spanish/ Hispanic origin.

*This category represents a general type response, which may encompass several ancestry groups.

1Numbers and percents by ancestry group do not add to total because persons reporting a multiple ancestry are included in more than one group. 2Excludes Tirol. 3Excludes Flemish. 4Excludes French Basque. 5Excludes Bavarian, Prussian, Saxon and West German. 6Excludes Greek Cypriot. 7Excludes Northern Irish and Celtic. 8Excludes Sicilian. 9Includes persons who reported " Scotch-Irish." 10Excludes Moravian. 11Includes persons who reported " Rusyn," " Cossack," " Black Russian," " Great Russian," " Red Russian," " Rossiya," and " Muscovite." 12Excludes Spanish Basque. 13Excludes Eritrean. 14Excludes Khmer. 15Excludes Cantonese. 16Includes persons who reported "African American," "Afro-American," "Afro," " Black," " Negro," " Colored," " Creole," and other related groups. 17Includes persons who reported " Native American," " Centraal American Indian," " South American Indian," and " Cherokee," and other related groups. 18Excludes Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. 19Includes persons who reported " White," " Caucasian." "Anglo," " Wasp," "Appalachian," "Aryan," and other related groups. 20Includes persons who reported " Mixture," "Adopted," " Don’t know," and other unclassifiable responses, as well as responses indicating religious groups.

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 5
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990

United States

Region

Division

State

Region

United States Northeast Midwest South West

Total ------------------------------------------------- 248 709 873 50 809 229 59 668 632 85 445 930 52 786 082

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 16 465 4 300 3 466 5 417 3 282

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 864 783 329 401 183 307 165 340 186 735

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 47 956 2 855 1 671 4 192 39 238

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 6 001 287 233 459 5 022

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 7 620 556 210 901 5 953

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 34 335 2 012 1 228 2 832 28 263

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 4 348 624 1 430 1 197 1 097

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 380 498 18 023 84 353 17 040 21 643

British ------------------------------------------------------ 1 119 154 188 052 195 956 440 352 294 794

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 29 652 5 679 4 516 9 340 10 117

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 3 991 435 1 656 553 1 347

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 4 897 2 700 583 1 147 467

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 2 197 1 139 357 496 205

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 289 143 20 69 57

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 2 411 1 418 206 582 205

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 1 634 669 146 046 555 346 194 769 738 508

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 6 227 089 1 020 383 2 123 623 1 780 043 1 303 040

English------------------------------------------------------ 32 651 788 5 873 052 7 293 707 11 375 464 8 109 565

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 658 870 95 408 310 855 73 761 178 846

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 14 157 2 280 4 029 3 843 4 005

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 10 320 935 2 637 321 2 640 874 2 964 481 2 078 259

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 57 947 374 9 928 722 22 477 450 14 630 411 10 910 791

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 1 110 373 413 246 255 780 234 530 206 817

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 40 529 4 140 10 904 5 594 19 891

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 38 735 539 9 420 118 9 643 261 12 950 799 6 721 361

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 14 664 550 7 503 740 2 429 651 2 473 371 2 257 788

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 49 061 2 503 34 408 4 174 7 976

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 39 600 10 829 14 769 4 657 9 345

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 6 317 492 2 448 1 212 2 165

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 4 009 1 468 666 1 029 846

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 3 869 395 241 229 2 000 129 369 485 1 258 552

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 1 153 351 563 801 29 814 90 924 468 812

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 4 310 1 991 112 297 1 910

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 184 78 29 24 53

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 1 148 857 561 732 29 673 90 603 466 849

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 25 469 3 695 7 691 6 434 7 649

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 4 519 647 1 670 1 275 927

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 678 880 52 958 221 666 100 981 303 275

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 5 617 773 772 250 1 078 883 2 616 155 1 150 485

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 5 393 581 1 088 462 1 135 343 1 768 494 1 401 282

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 50 389 14 061 13 353 9 274 13 701

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 4 680 863 669 531 1 858 855 671 099 1 481 378

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 1 045 495 170 618 378 239 181 425 315 213

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 5 748 4 313 426 619 390

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 2 033 893 446 623 493 214 545 082 548 974

West German ------------------------------------------------ 3 885 942 755 1 301 887

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 42 409 5 526 7 986 12 724 16 173

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 2 005 254 429 596 726

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 47 710 28 730 10 822 4 381 3 777

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 4 277 1 818 1 120 758 581

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 29 595 4 986 10 326 4 984 9 299

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 7 602 5 651 1 053 646 278

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 5 604 2 019 1 108 1 173 1 304

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 544 270 114 681 236 134 106 302 87 153

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 296 411 129 325 671 371 290 732 204 983

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 315 285 72 008 103 162 69 313 70 802

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 26 762 9 760 4 212 5 441 7 349

European* --------------------------------------------------- 466 718 64 179 77 638 144 257 180 644

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 10 153 1 452 3 503 1 817 3 381

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 1 582 302 564 216 504 619 261 688 251 779

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 100 331 32 870 26 830 18 548 22 083

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 811 865 352 523 228 210 127 266 103 866

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 20 365 3 438 12 770 1 644 2 513

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 3 781 431 1 192 1 660 498

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 65 993 7 975 14 258 13 378 30 382

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 9 366 106 3 499 502 3 468 832 1 361 537 1 036 235

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 5 693 890 1 176 1 467 2 160

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 365 544 122 949 96 318 64 601 81 676

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 2 952 987 1 292 472 473 588 545 671 641 256

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 3 776 1 945 900 528 403

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 116 795 26 349 58 782 13 727 17 937

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 76 931 21 581 22 076 12 388 20 886

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 1 882 897 759 264 648 461 272 131 203 041

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 124 437 19 697 81 163 10 701 12 876

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 7 729 3 895 877 1 221 1 736

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 740 803 374 282 163 133 104 695 98 693

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 3 189 2 896 44 148 101

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 257 994 59 941 72 606 30 553 94 894

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 132 332 68 773 14 756 24 484 24 319

6 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Region

United States Northeast Midwest South West

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 63 176 22 252 4 015 15 867 21 042

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 33 738 7 053 2 879 14 476 9 330

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 10 310 1 800 464 2 026 6 020

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 61 465 18 828 4 144 18 252 20 241

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 351 717 173 173 17 862 113 859 46 823

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 51 771 16 109 2 911 13 968 18 783

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 859 739 157 247 29 269 594 106 79 117

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 505 690 436 478 6 083 53 021 10 108

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 197 374 124 318 11 745 30 356 30 955

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 241 559 38 449 17 922 36 218 148 970

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 1 113 259 149 104 61 715 347 411 555 029

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 116 635 35 254 5 590 46 298 29 493

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 43 521 5 342 3 448 17 193 17 538

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 11 586 983 142 829 1 021 049 3 774 379 6 648 726

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 177 077 15 620 3 125 90 541 67 791

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 88 649 33 302 6 179 31 049 18 119

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 5 415 2 357 556 1 642 860

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 161 866 61 788 8 350 43 312 48 416

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 1 955 323 1 289 858 209 974 293 124 162 367

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 499 153 66 537 8 709 114 707 309 200

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 10 867 4 547 690 2 817 2 813

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 360 935 78 181 17 160 131 738 133 856

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 2 024 004 331 319 158 061 614 708 919 916

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 14 641 8 044 573 3 806 2 218

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 40 331 10 646 2 685 20 696 6 304

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 5 259 672 271 3 706 610

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 22 922 6 230 2 456 2 956 11 280

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 65 875 31 099 4 997 17 234 12 545

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 81 665 65 127 2 031 11 306 3 201

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 1 217 590 12 347 268

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 21 081 3 142 1 145 16 001 793

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 35 455 29 229 627 4 202 1 397

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 4 941 2 507 430 1 627 377

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 37 819 28 199 807 7 346 1 467

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 7 364 5 625 189 1 367 183

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 11 188 8 819 118 1 921 330

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 2 811 1 937 115 677 82

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 3 415 2 315 48 934 118

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 5 773 4 841 117 664 151

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 7 268 4 662 220 1 783 603

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 61 530 1 668 2 856 49 492 7 514

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 289 521 158 470 7 201 117 261 6 589

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 435 024 256 637 20 861 133 259 24 267

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 76 270 52 473 1 760 18 215 3 822

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 7 621 3 546 360 2 988 727

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 159 167 104 248 7 132 35 373 12 414

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 4 139 1 897 180 1 627 435

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 3 215 1 007 368 1 035 805

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 127 364 25 583 36 498 29 670 35 613

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 308 096 89 331 32 365 23 625 162 775

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 51 765 3 799 29 403 1 897 16 666

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 78 574 32 478 8 844 15 063 22 189

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 235 521 34 693 22 283 55 109 123 436

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 23 212 4 273 9 015 2 989 6 935

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 81 677 38 015 7 221 12 924 23 517

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 20 656 4 543 4 884 5 016 6 213

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 394 180 111 321 100 783 108 312 73 764

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 7 656 2 612 985 1 785 2 274

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 19 089 6 794 2 880 5 472 3 943

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 48 019 8 642 13 023 12 681 13 673

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 4 486 563 820 1 792 1 311

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 129 606 55 996 24 526 26 162 22 922

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 83 850 34 003 10 295 21 168 18 384

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 4 011 1 820 991 562 638

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 10 670 2 421 1 843 3 098 3 308

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 245 845 71 442 39 542 91 605 43 256

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 50 772 44 528 636 2 839 2 769

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 4 270 420 618 1 506 1 726

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 30 581 152 161 225 406

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 20 066 9 206 2 303 6 388 2 169

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 4 639 1 081 748 1 555 1 255

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 8 797 3 819 1 488 2 819 671

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 91 688 18 961 15 852 43 354 13 521

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 4 627 1 487 356 2 460 324

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 17 992 4 570 2 118 5 898 5 406

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 3 623 1 732 448 925 518

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 2 681 515 574 1 003 589

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 20 607 6 131 2 997 7 808 3 671

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 7
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Region

United States Northeast Midwest South West

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 31 301 6 560 1 938 7 619 15 184

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 570 322 180 513 108 383 145 791 135 635

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 12 486 7 211 1 097 2 631 1 547

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 2 516 809 408 718 581

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 99 974 31 691 19 809 27 305 21 169

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 14 448 4 124 2 220 3 167 4 937

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 116 43 13 20 40

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 15 523 2 195 2 578 5 076 5 674

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 107 172 19 279 15 837 27 252 44 804

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 8 646 1 644 975 1 794 4 233

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 134 955 25 543 11 470 18 572 79 370

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 25 020 7 393 1 338 1 572 14 717

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 1 505 245 374 410 118 844 185 231 826 760

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 14 177 1 937 1 452 2 921 7 867

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 1 450 512 149 972 127 070 181 898 991 572

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 84 823 1 619 36 530 1 141 45 533

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 5 774 1 627 493 607 3 047

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 43 969 6 669 4 156 6 631 26 513

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 1 004 645 89 521 84 897 107 527 722 700

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 2 979 814 108 481 1 576

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 836 987 180 288 119 455 169 025 368 219

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 146 930 14 481 28 597 27 401 76 451

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 27 800 4 569 4 424 6 523 12 284

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 3 507 1 082 377 784 1 264

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 10 554 305 575 1 166 8 508

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 2 419 538 325 494 1 062

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 192 973 44 141 20 748 37 565 90 519

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 112 117 14 773 16 842 32 396 48 106

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 535 825 50 348 45 010 148 704 291 763

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 2 185 372 192 410 1 211

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 52 133 9 613 8 559 13 360 20 601

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 4 427 159 175 901 3 192

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 7 472 191 95 193 6 993

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 39 237 1 997 1 900 7 204 28 112

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 256 081 6 822 9 079 18 121 222 059

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 3 406 79 289 482 2 556

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 7 742 1 153 751 1 741 4 097

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 11 330 787 1 014 1 974 7 555

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 10 854 676 959 2 185 7 034

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 55 419 901 1 695 3 498 49 325

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 16 019 122 249 676 14 972

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 8 674 600 842 1 513 5 719

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 668 271 9 653 16 484 609 427 32 707

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 23 777 098 3 658 088 4 875 147 12 936 066 2 307 797

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 15 816 332 408 574 14 502

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 8 708 220 754 051 1 907 001 4 086 342 1 960 826

American ---------------------------------------------------- 12 395 999 1 275 211 2 204 709 7 558 114 1 357 965

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 549 990 184 979 100 717 112 858 151 436

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 52 920 981 1 864 2 004 48 071

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 2 167 127 973 230 436 548 423 497 333 852

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 5 412 3 899 432 742 339

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 12 618 1 338 2 140 6 520 2 620

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 5 489 3 107 317 1 400 665

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 305 841 164 385 77 033 32 402 32 021

United States------------------------------------------------- 643 561 101 193 114 282 341 677 86 409

White19----------------------------------------------------- 1 799 711 121 033 230 641 946 103 501 934

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 309 6 100 109 94

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 3 389 599 867 916 845 996 997 282 678 405

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 23 921 371 3 855 120 4 832 528 11 101 628 4 132 095

8 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Division

New

England

Middle

Atlantic East NorthCentral

West North

Central

South

Atlantic East SouthCentral

West South

Central Mountain Pacific

Total ------------------------------------------------- 13 206 943 37 602 286 42 008 942 17 659 690 43 566 853 15 176 284 26 702 793 13 658 776 39 127 306

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 999 3 301 2 728 738 2 153 343 2 921 745 2 537

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 50 435 278 966 138 405 44 902 122 996 10 327 32 017 50 440 136 295

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 771 2 084 1 175 496 2 214 295 1 683 15 675 23 563

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 61 226 152 81 227 41 191 1 262 3 760

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 158 398 145 65 508 73 320 1 926 4 027

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 552 1 460 878 350 1 479 181 1 172 12 487 15 776

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 114 510 918 512 724 157 316 218 879

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 5 126 12 897 69 300 15 053 10 276 1 328 5 436 6 347 15 296

British ------------------------------------------------------ 65 793 122 259 141 990 53 966 260 839 70 500 109 013 83 313 211 481

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 2 080 3 599 3 029 1 487 4 792 1 628 2 920 2 166 7 951

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 125 310 1 501 155 331 34 188 316 1 031

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 178 2 522 520 63 931 54 162 65 402

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 75 1 064 332 25 412 46 38 21 184

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 0 143 9 11 69 0 0 0 57

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 103 1 315 179 27 450 8 124 44 161

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 50 410 95 636 239 081 316 265 107 478 18 971 68 320 336 938 401 570

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 136 755 883 628 1 496 951 626 672 886 239 313 043 580 761 389 819 913 221

English------------------------------------------------------ 2 329 864 3 543 188 5 082 750 2 210 957 6 306 540 1 977 550 3 091 374 2 843 048 5 266 517

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 57 165 38 243 190 625 120 230 49 808 6 902 17 051 42 262 136 584

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 856 1 424 3 215 814 2 455 332 1 056 927 3 078

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 590 707 1 046 614 1 816 430 824 444 1 264 676 384 360 1 315 445 573 581 1 504 678

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 1 307 116 8 621 606 14 775 614 7 701 836 7 881 678 2 177 176 4 571 557 3 477 358 7 433 433

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 137 313 275 933 218 564 37 216 170 102 20 231 44 197 50 961 155 856

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 1 668 2 472 3 360 7 544 3 538 578 1 478 5 945 13 946

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 2 948 634 6 471 484 6 655 116 2 988 145 6 376 855 2 580 937 3 993 007 1 921 297 4 800 064

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 835 919 5 667 821 2 044 546 385 105 1 671 248 217 775 584 348 541 972 1 715 816

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 762 1 741 18 996 15 412 2 647 407 1 120 2 471 5 505

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 944 9 885 14 338 431 3 379 397 881 916 8 429

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 181 311 1 845 603 774 79 359 600 1 565

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 606 862 436 230 706 146 177 188 658

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 72 934 168 295 713 424 1 286 705 207 706 31 994 129 785 357 392 901 160

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 443 753 120 048 21 409 8 405 64 692 5 991 20 241 28 980 439 832

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 1 902 89 42 70 226 5 66 149 1 761

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 53 25 29 0 17 0 7 12 41

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 441 798 119 934 21 338 8 335 64 449 5 986 20 168 28 819 438 030

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 1 015 2 680 5 120 2 571 3 647 641 2 146 2 430 5 219

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 117 530 1 526 144 665 271 339 206 721

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 20 446 32 512 80 025 141 641 57 625 11 733 31 623 102 203 201 072

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 249 130 523 120 705 146 373 737 1 374 240 503 642 738 273 330 609 819 876

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 465 724 622 738 822 675 312 668 1 047 924 277 659 442 911 430 824 970 458

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 3 873 10 188 11 376 1 977 5 753 911 2 610 3 275 10 426

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 305 296 364 235 885 338 973 517 380 329 70 863 219 907 482 921 998 457

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 29 424 141 194 273 152 105 087 104 653 27 497 49 275 102 233 212 980

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 145 4 168 332 94 552 32 35 212 178

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 73 965 372 658 356 125 137 089 325 604 77 293 142 185 190 595 358 379

West German ------------------------------------------------ 176 766 547 208 828 174 299 229 658

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 1 970 3 556 4 958 3 028 6 700 1 701 4 323 3 520 12 653

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 65 189 264 165 359 37 200 162 564

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 12 225 16 505 9 926 896 3 414 289 678 778 2 999

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 253 1 565 1 065 55 628 49 81 62 519

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 953 4 033 8 267 2 059 3 126 536 1 322 2 038 7 261

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 298 5 353 954 99 563 7 76 100 178

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 386 1 633 735 373 899 134 140 250 1 054

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 7 241 107 440 190 979 45 155 59 161 20 581 26 560 23 900 63 253

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 26 310 103 015 354 871 316 500 88 635 12 010 190 087 71 967 133 016

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 13 467 58 541 66 621 36 541 35 244 4 106 29 963 20 587 50 215

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 2 428 7 332 3 145 1 067 4 373 291 777 1 209 6 140

European* --------------------------------------------------- 16 497 47 682 48 038 29 600 81 274 27 760 35 223 45 439 135 205

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 213 1 239 1 753 1 750 969 169 679 1 032 2 349

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 82 828 481 388 461 975 42 644 199 238 18 747 43 703 60 254 191 525

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 10 592 22 278 21 061 5 769 14 217 1 231 3 100 3 905 18 178

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 128 984 223 539 205 529 22 681 100 431 7 356 19 479 24 446 79 420

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 600 2 838 12 288 482 1 158 115 371 695 1 818

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 166 265 794 398 337 55 1 268 130 368

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 2 958 5 017 7 162 7 096 7 037 1 959 4 382 6 917 23 465

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 809 571 2 689 931 2 979 889 488 943 962 041 92 364 307 132 289 648 746 587

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 155 735 822 354 580 298 589 437 1 723

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 17 040 105 909 84 360 11 958 51 189 3 703 9 709 13 537 68 139

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 250 307 1 042 165 353 972 119 616 448 460 24 106 73 105 112 096 529 160

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 103 1 842 747 153 421 28 79 95 308

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 184 25 165 52 620 6 162 10 011 984 2 732 5 209 12 728

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 2 787 18 794 15 385 6 691 8 389 1 071 2 928 6 156 14 730

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 76 273 682 991 568 825 79 636 189 227 19 775 63 129 69 900 133 141

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 1 522 18 175 72 316 8 847 7 100 890 2 711 5 685 7 191

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 792 3 103 687 190 1 049 33 139 319 1 417

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 49 481 324 801 139 059 24 074 81 661 5 710 17 324 23 252 75 441

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 9 2 887 30 14 73 0 75 31 70

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 6 358 53 583 58 586 14 020 19 528 3 162 7 863 21 706 73 188

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 13 708 55 065 11 662 3 094 20 100 1 253 3 131 3 254 21 065

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 9
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Division

New

England

Middle

Atlantic East NorthCentral

West North

Central

South

Atlantic East SouthCentral

West South

Central Mountain Pacific

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 3 170 19 082 3 278 737 12 472 378 3 017 1 772 19 270

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 311 5 742 2 142 737 12 527 170 1 779 887 8 443

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 110 1 690 462 2 942 49 1 035 240 5 780

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 2 977 15 851 3 059 1 085 14 861 419 2 972 2 580 17 661

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 20 305 152 868 14 531 3 331 93 814 1 905 18 140 4 918 41 905

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 2 846 13 263 2 331 580 10 044 473 3 451 1 568 17 215

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 13 768 143 479 24 322 4 947 564 962 4 102 25 042 11 365 67 752

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 43 237 393 241 5 196 887 46 620 1 432 4 969 1 780 8 328

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 6 339 117 979 10 392 1 353 24 442 905 5 009 1 428 29 527

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 10 826 27 623 16 915 1 007 22 705 477 13 036 4 285 144 685

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 28 364 120 740 47 285 14 430 79 639 4 479 263 293 227 602 327 427

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 4 177 31 077 4 599 991 27 188 779 18 331 1 734 27 759

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 1 013 4 329 2 868 580 6 174 464 10 555 1 296 16 242

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 25 929 116 900 838 617 182 432 254 785 31 276 3 488 318 1 108 796 5 539 930

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 1 198 14 422 2 460 665 78 636 506 11 399 2 378 65 413

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 2 364 30 938 4 188 1 991 21 759 1 812 7 478 3 260 14 859

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 315 2 042 381 175 1 325 36 281 175 685

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 7 373 54 415 6 967 1 383 35 533 683 7 096 3 897 44 519

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 209 670 1 080 188 199 870 10 104 237 662 9 343 46 119 21 768 140 599

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 9 854 56 683 7 323 1 386 59 670 351 54 686 6 712 302 488

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 529 4 018 593 97 2 137 176 504 424 2 389

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 8 203 69 978 13 221 3 939 91 834 2 749 37 155 52 062 81 794

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 67 919 263 400 115 087 42 974 310 304 32 973 271 431 415 896 504 020

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 920 7 124 325 248 3 090 49 667 283 1 935

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 2 299 8 347 1 993 692 15 952 672 4 072 1 235 5 069

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 167 505 220 51 3 125 84 497 120 490

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 245 5 985 2 359 97 1 775 30 1 151 318 10 962

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 10 960 20 139 3 799 1 198 13 902 642 2 690 2 049 10 496

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 1 349 63 778 1 445 586 9 969 283 1 054 210 2 991

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 32 558 12 0 280 0 67 0 268

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 376 2 766 831 314 15 019 514 468 206 587

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 4 483 24 746 539 88 3 474 122 606 125 1 272

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 682 1 825 367 63 1 273 192 162 27 350

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 1 918 26 281 661 146 5 998 221 1 127 261 1 206

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 398 5 227 133 56 1 002 54 311 44 139

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 168 8 651 86 32 1 589 37 295 28 302

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 97 1 840 105 10 633 15 29 19 63

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 249 2 066 48 0 611 14 309 3 115

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 175 4 666 88 29 582 19 63 80 71

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 831 3 831 201 19 1 581 82 120 87 516

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 211 1 457 1 319 1 537 2 915 3 381 43 196 2 606 4 908

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 30 156 128 314 6 327 874 113 998 710 2 553 806 5 783

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 33 327 223 310 18 163 2 698 121 260 2 882 9 117 2 696 21 571

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 3 746 48 727 1 523 237 15 096 549 2 570 446 3 376

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 359 3 187 252 108 2 317 102 569 138 589

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 11 811 92 437 5 688 1 444 27 531 1 875 5 967 1 636 10 778

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 180 1 717 164 16 1 337 89 201 63 372

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 321 686 287 81 651 20 364 115 690

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 4 495 21 088 33 302 3 196 17 668 2 571 9 431 4 932 30 681

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 44 314 45 017 29 465 2 900 18 017 1 309 4 299 7 242 155 533

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 952 1 847 29 154 249 1 043 198 656 571 16 095

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 3 492 28 986 6 838 2 006 10 257 1 020 3 786 1 624 20 565

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 7 492 27 201 15 465 6 818 33 293 4 217 17 599 8 232 115 204

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 528 3 745 8 629 386 2 055 220 714 549 6 386

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 4 633 33 382 5 747 1 474 9 835 598 2 491 2 081 21 436

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 470 4 073 4 361 523 2 473 756 1 787 432 5 781

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 48 737 62 584 81 635 19 148 61 709 12 839 33 764 16 810 56 954

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 327 2 285 613 372 1 047 166 572 214 2 060

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 843 5 951 2 200 680 4 607 167 698 694 3 249

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 1 356 7 286 11 871 1 152 7 804 1 154 3 723 1 314 12 359

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 231 332 531 289 1 000 130 662 446 865

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 13 482 42 514 19 819 4 707 16 225 1 923 8 014 4 352 18 570

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 4 669 29 334 8 192 2 103 15 204 1 617 4 347 2 804 15 580

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 38 1 782 907 84 443 46 73 34 604

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 476 1 945 1 288 555 1 789 487 822 556 2 752

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 10 701 60 741 29 313 10 229 59 483 10 160 21 962 6 270 36 986

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 42 647 1 881 473 163 2 227 153 459 196 2 573

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 158 262 465 153 1 208 0 298 54 1 672

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 36 116 124 37 178 22 25 62 344

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 1 182 8 024 1 902 401 4 983 152 1 253 270 1 899

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 220 861 494 254 909 85 561 104 1 151

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 081 2 738 924 564 2 227 120 472 23 648

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 3 037 15 924 10 986 4 866 22 592 4 153 16 609 2 115 11 406

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 182 1 305 259 97 2 012 32 416 0 324

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 1 321 3 249 1 800 318 3 625 358 1 915 742 4 664

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 112 1 620 340 108 733 76 116 150 368

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 236 279 375 199 834 23 146 76 513

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 1 091 5 040 2 027 970 5 973 306 1 529 697 2 974

10 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

Division

New

England

Middle

Atlantic East NorthCentral

West North

Central

South

Atlantic East SouthCentral

West South

Central Mountain Pacific

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 665 5 895 1 068 870 6 239 157 1 223 1 154 14 030

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 26 275 154 238 91 737 16 646 83 491 12 397 49 903 12 191 123 444

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 381 6 830 872 225 1 683 277 671 237 1 310

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 231 578 341 67 521 35 162 152 429

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 3 551 28 140 17 201 2 608 15 901 1 162 10 242 2 179 18 990

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 590 3 534 1 327 893 2 191 172 804 575 4 362

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 9 34 6 7 20 0 0 0 40

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 577 1 618 1 453 1 125 3 024 544 1 508 1 279 4 395

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 3 696 15 583 12 270 3 567 14 667 2 748 9 837 4 261 40 543

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 294 1 350 881 94 1 385 91 318 248 3 985

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 17 586 7 957 6 293 5 177 10 688 1 520 6 364 3 402 75 968

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 1 105 6 288 1 146 192 822 83 667 339 14 378

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 64 558 309 852 91 281 27 563 103 888 14 246 67 097 39 312 787 448

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 578 1 359 1 124 328 1 927 295 699 926 6 941

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 19 475 130 497 106 092 20 978 119 096 10 913 51 889 38 683 952 889

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 1 060 559 18 815 17 715 906 26 209 1 395 44 138

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 292 1 335 364 129 315 17 275 86 2 961

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 1 327 5 342 3 068 1 088 3 864 611 2 156 1 889 24 624

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 19 563 69 958 64 460 20 437 62 157 13 102 32 268 46 807 675 893

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 545 269 62 46 326 5 150 18 1 558

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 23 256 157 032 85 743 33 712 108 266 14 906 45 853 31 888 336 331

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 9 369 5 112 14 993 13 604 10 955 3 602 12 844 6 031 70 420

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 983 3 586 3 081 1 343 3 344 917 2 262 879 11 405

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 108 974 326 51 383 95 306 304 960

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 65 240 422 153 680 157 329 445 8 063

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 130 408 236 89 252 43 199 69 993

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 6 169 37 972 15 240 5 508 19 243 2 922 15 400 4 556 85 963

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 3 609 11 164 11 326 5 516 19 613 2 366 10 417 7 854 40 252

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 18 626 31 722 22 644 22 366 56 586 8 737 83 381 17 977 273 786

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 48 324 104 88 272 19 119 106 1 105

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 2 869 6 744 6 063 2 496 8 271 1 557 3 532 4 548 16 053

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 61 98 127 48 607 82 212 204 2 988

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 33 158 41 54 120 8 65 103 6 890

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 492 1 505 1 068 832 3 550 726 2 928 2 078 26 034

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 786 5 036 5 740 3 339 9 742 2 163 6 216 10 200 211 859

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 15 64 78 211 200 42 240 357 2 199

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 395 758 477 274 1 191 77 473 865 3 232

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 170 617 828 186 1 155 185 634 816 6 739

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 159 517 489 470 1 046 278 861 1 480 5 554

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 213 688 606 1 089 1 981 507 1 010 3 254 46 071

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 38 84 70 179 145 10 521 4 147 10 825

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 122 478 577 265 964 132 417 854 4 865

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 4 738 4 915 10 196 6 288 37 241 24 461 547 725 9 153 23 554

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 392 392 3 265 696 4 107 796 767 351 7 105 744 2 510 316 3 320 006 316 954 1 990 843

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 80 252 281 127 286 62 226 477 14 025

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 227 371 526 680 1 244 276 662 725 1 557 713 862 348 1 666 281 725 235 1 235 591

American ---------------------------------------------------- 404 788 870 423 1 577 339 627 370 3 598 563 2 243 648 1 715 903 409 847 948 118

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 115 597 69 382 84 666 16 051 79 517 10 177 23 164 29 541 121 895

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 325 656 965 899 948 291 765 1 280 46 791

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 755 924 217 306 335 442 101 106 223 732 35 977 163 788 86 830 247 022

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 2 809 1 090 291 141 625 31 86 70 269

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 399 939 1 535 605 3 506 1 465 1 549 565 2 055

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 2 878 229 172 145 636 50 714 119 546

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 2 988 161 397 55 213 21 820 23 079 2 554 6 769 10 730 21 291

United States------------------------------------------------- 23 548 77 645 85 824 28 458 177 391 80 387 83 899 21 866 64 543

White19----------------------------------------------------- 52 962 68 071 154 394 76 247 355 622 214 413 376 068 135 335 366 599

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 0 6 40 60 59 13 37 35 59

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 192 036 675 880 671 844 174 152 494 720 189 800 312 762 190 589 487 816

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 885 147 2 969 973 3 416 040 1 416 488 5 693 245 2 576 733 2 831 650 1 048 171 3 083 924

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 11
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware

District of

Columbia

Total ------------------------------------------------- 4 040 587 550 043 3 665 228 2 350 725 29 760 021 3 294 394 3 287 116 666 168 606 900

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 31 12 251 68 1 865 215 368 77 68

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 2 497 1 695 12 212 1 746 104 645 16 568 20 333 2 203 2 533

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 82 245 1 316 104 19 122 937 319 13 37

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 24 37 53 20 3 387 148 22 0 0

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 44 38 298 21 3 508 110 64 7 16

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 14 170 965 63 12 227 679 233 6 21

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 59 0 74 29 634 43 42 0 33

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 290 172 1 651 359 10 229 2 055 1 196 219 147

British ------------------------------------------------------ 19 913 3 012 18 034 9 383 151 050 19 730 17 547 4 378 3 803

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 500 107 590 205 5 420 746 529 57 76

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 8 0 86 36 681 93 55 0 14

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 0 10 44 34 324 0 36 13 22

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 157 0 22 13 6

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 57 0 0 0 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 0 10 44 34 110 0 14 0 16

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 5 180 5 993 36 859 5 014 262 101 42 801 16 739 1 732 1 264

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 76 037 14 365 95 326 72 670 591 618 100 024 37 183 14 956 3 768

English------------------------------------------------------ 479 499 76 600 586 458 290 462 3 645 975 581 886 462 919 122 759 34 266

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 1 759 3 773 10 395 983 64 302 8 632 7 486 872 479

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 68 35 219 53 2 130 304 190 39 96

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 93 104 23 844 155 951 75 026 1 032 843 148 950 260 064 19 190 8 566

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 430 442 127 103 878 088 400 234 4 935 147 1 063 694 450 247 138 128 39 218

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 6 895 1 665 12 799 2 734 125 792 11 999 26 646 3 203 2 279

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 210 131 759 95 6 512 939 444 29 91

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 617 065 74 322 529 575 464 287 3 425 089 537 945 613 765 139 180 34 392

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 52 969 14 467 159 140 30 199 1 439 778 155 844 628 232 63 467 11 662

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 113 79 924 104 3 487 629 234 7 72

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 107 15 435 63 8 029 144 280 40 61

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 28 13 67 37 1 048 102 22 0 17

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 12 0 73 22 538 51 159 0 0

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 8 489 23 087 70 940 8 778 411 282 75 646 19 004 3 036 2 620

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 1 408 1 628 7 338 1 337 356 495 4 654 43 098 1 127 870

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 5 0 27 6 1 630 16 99 0 7

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 26 0 5 0 0

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 1 403 1 628 7 311 1 331 354 839 4 638 42 994 1 127 863

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 167 77 569 97 3 430 707 368 18 17

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 35 0 47 6 527 45 48 0 0

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 2 845 4 814 16 735 2 343 102 310 17 002 5 029 966 736

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 127 826 12 850 82 552 67 388 546 496 95 012 45 742 13 847 5 943

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 76 020 16 996 93 835 36 231 646 674 100 952 82 319 16 796 8 194

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 297 124 1 157 142 8 654 763 991 101 29

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 18 235 17 716 92 248 16 168 587 772 125 097 79 374 7 659 3 531

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 4 107 2 902 16 700 5 280 140 351 20 288 10 558 1 860 1 632

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 15 0 14 0 138 78 64 161 0

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 18 809 5 774 38 340 12 436 238 134 41 520 19 018 9 759 2 477

West German ------------------------------------------------ 50 0 35 20 514 58 98 19 14

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 524 187 419 401 8 666 1 167 399 114 86

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 13 28 32 10 343 72 21 0 0

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 26 197 189 36 2 261 198 2 745 123 60

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 15 0 30 23 368 24 71 18 27

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 197 110 431 54 5 277 591 181 13 57

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 0 0 60 14 128 40 262 0 0

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 96 8 43 16 874 93 120 0 22

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 5 336 518 6 769 3 145 47 822 6 437 2 669 542 547

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 3 031 2 834 18 043 4 175 88 286 24 184 10 682 1 449 1 034

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 1 109 878 5 374 1 115 35 510 6 662 6 162 736 483

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 110 95 323 33 4 101 391 1 088 123 48

European* --------------------------------------------------- 8 769 3 598 8 645 3 422 89 777 10 921 3 689 906 1 777

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 23 24 283 47 1 563 469 116 40 85

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 4 117 2 200 22 433 2 300 159 121 16 861 49 508 3 468 2 518

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 252 179 1 029 198 13 652 1 772 2 389 438 552

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 1 809 1 267 9 353 1 456 63 871 7 232 41 747 2 695 1 789

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 18 2 243 21 1 498 122 285 13 38

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 19 0 13 8 260 95 47 0 0

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 777 611 1 081 348 14 188 2 131 670 38 167

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 21 907 12 294 102 405 17 600 578 256 82 257 312 587 38 286 9 879

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 11 0 112 130 1 213 89 57 0 0

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 816 549 5 714 427 57 417 3 211 6 359 680 987

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 5 157 6 032 35 508 2 595 447 752 36 134 79 884 6 839 12 353

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 0 0 28 0 270 19 65 16 0

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 182 274 1 772 155 10 605 1 271 374 183 163

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 162 254 1 456 146 10 803 2 225 1 106 193 73

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 5 022 1 895 21 335 3 752 101 328 24 257 49 891 4 697 1 378

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 247 97 1 104 76 5 546 3 194 864 79 169

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 2 0 78 0 1 262 147 107 7 67

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 585 962 8 471 870 56 211 6 984 23 711 4 950 1 082

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 55 0 9 3 0

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 656 1 374 4 869 450 53 442 4 840 2 786 364 386

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 368 337 1 017 120 18 469 1 335 3 347 342 1 272

12 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware

District of

Columbia

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 63 54 413 15 18 390 391 1 407 43 300

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 70 42 198 41 7 989 179 182 36 764

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 19 3 148 22 5 712 39 3 0 29

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 95 138 655 68 16 124 466 1 183 98 316

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 574 421 1 517 270 39 427 810 7 098 369 822

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 177 47 441 21 16 379 325 942 67 128

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 1 260 366 2 314 331 64 152 2 049 5 377 649 911

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 326 394 383 183 7 032 547 4 253 245 1 568

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 150 20 364 32 28 698 456 3 212 41 688

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 108 56 1 359 137 143 017 640 1 304 59 1 053

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 1 151 1 232 50 573 919 303 271 53 798 12 428 1 229 1 147

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 278 40 693 90 26 834 209 593 55 365

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 58 0 358 70 15 631 339 410 20 176

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 7 556 6 888 520 009 10 835 5 322 170 198 902 7 555 2 515 2 361

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 137 113 606 102 64 285 244 420 41 850

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 540 203 733 219 13 015 1 272 543 341 581

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 36 0 30 9 634 66 133 75 165

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 119 246 950 65 42 322 1 264 3 897 39 933

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 2 659 1 623 6 840 1 069 113 548 6 020 93 608 5 246 1 089

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 80 161 1 697 179 300 102 595 1 018 115 8 547

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 49 0 126 21 2 134 126 168 27 24

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 631 442 6 385 501 74 787 14 052 3 599 291 529

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 9 366 4 252 44 059 5 668 434 759 121 029 23 222 2 514 3 628

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 16 0 70 0 1 837 75 216 0 80

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 221 20 363 63 4 575 391 599 18 104

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 31 2 11 0 471 38 60 0 5

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 8 0 154 9 10 848 44 82 0 0

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 188 64 617 18 9 357 307 2 489 89 524

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 133 72 42 0 2 671 85 698 38 757

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 0 0 0 0 233 0 0 0 0

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 167 20 70 14 398 24 154 48 48

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 64 6 26 22 1 160 36 972 74 102

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 97 0 0 20 176 7 127 32 70

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 62 33 80 22 994 43 493 22 298

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 24 16 14 0 91 15 76 6 34

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 15 265 8 8 0 117

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 7 0 12 0 63 0 83 0 19

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 0 6 0 0 97 0 147 0 5

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 10 0 34 0 55 13 37 13 95

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 21 11 20 7 423 7 142 3 28

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 583 51 782 2 679 3 841 421 89 14 0

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 188 91 319 39 5 054 198 5 004 242 937

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 814 186 1 005 180 19 237 819 20 219 1 118 3 184

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 225 41 250 24 3 100 58 899 158 1 012

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 28 0 67 0 517 71 63 9 131

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 692 140 649 211 9 136 409 3 842 289 1 164

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 22 0 51 10 315 0 139 8 23

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 2 11 0 0 579 108 38 0 26

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 757 148 1 600 303 27 688 1 394 815 250 493

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 353 138 2 519 185 151 340 1 686 5 218 294 369

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 42 0 302 111 15 736 106 1 212 0 62

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 279 0 568 43 19 597 489 735 221 291

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 1 118 144 2 351 343 108 871 2 105 1 669 254 1 144

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 45 0 243 47 6 080 158 85 39 44

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 135 14 966 26 20 651 423 1 320 162 146

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 287 0 195 13 5 503 71 57 24 16

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 3 672 279 6 296 817 49 776 3 544 8 612 533 1 070

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 18 0 99 2 1 836 55 53 0 43

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 73 5 163 20 2 981 118 187 74 353

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 367 15 497 144 11 566 489 322 94 186

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 33 0 143 128 517 224 93 11 75

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 270 76 1 820 301 15 803 801 1 843 202 116

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 592 66 772 166 12 929 792 1 329 327 309

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 0 0 18 0 525 0 0 0 16

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 36 7 239 36 2 168 151 78 22 50

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 3 120 361 2 073 1 125 32 413 1 566 3 064 774 4 750

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 0 20 104 67 2 433 29 3 047 0 145

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 1 438 34 21 0 180

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 0 0 43 0 315 0 0 0 11

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 17 5 148 45 1 681 84 375 6 168

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 11 0 5 23 942 21 28 9 33

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 33 0 0 0 639 23 83 22 101

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 1 401 53 557 894 10 027 730 803 231 1 762

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 0 275 0 26 0 167

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 78 0 265 19 4 299 227 496 36 129

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 57 0 85 0 305 40 50 7 126

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 13 0 0 8 436 45 20 17 26

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 95 20 260 44 2 377 270 314 93 662

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 13
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware

District of

Columbia

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 19 0 220 58 13 018 456 131 30 42

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 3 686 466 4 642 1 202 112 560 2 764 8 866 1 518 1 150

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 116 0 85 12 1 256 40 75 27 67

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 13 0 30 26 224 84 15 6 8

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 365 21 549 226 17 729 666 1 301 217 228

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 26 14 171 0 3 827 184 234 92 110

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 0

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 130 100 343 110 3 022 331 143 21 96

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 738 288 1 273 393 34 715 1 232 966 170 290

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 22 3 79 0 3 636 18 0 23 77

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 363 75 958 81 63 431 929 1 217 65 92

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 11 0 110 19 13 457 103 37 27 63

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 3 529 1 549 12 542 1 575 641 250 9 117 10 217 1 813 2 574

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 133 40 291 53 5 728 193 176 27 34

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 2 305 8 584 10 069 2 166 709 599 7 270 6 272 1 479 2 035

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 0 0 24 0 42 843 1 080 0 0 0

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 0 0 24 0 2 761 36 31 8 35

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 110 56 506 64 21 767 608 323 50 223

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 3 516 3 009 8 430 1 586 353 251 15 198 5 000 989 1 260

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 5 0 0 0 1 317 12 9 0 0

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 3 969 4 349 7 300 1 470 260 822 12 490 5 427 1 463 943

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 746 233 581 2 004 59 976 1 771 2 720 122 33

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 202 62 245 170 9 755 132 498 14 89

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 6 44 49 0 828 82 21 0 0

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 64 10 237 0 1 799 110 8 0 9

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 0 0 4 0 890 27 74 0 17

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 1 003 193 1 704 342 79 658 1 062 1 127 444 278

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 674 432 1 800 368 33 654 1 645 710 270 335

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 2 136 429 4 511 1 788 242 946 6 679 3 671 475 663

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 0 0 21 16 709 51 0 9 9

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 442 197 869 95 12 006 786 976 96 129

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 8 0 61 0 1 851 64 35 0 0

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 8 2 31 0 5 866 43 13 0 0

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 141 234 571 175 19 820 697 82 21 31

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 436 985 2 324 318 43 418 1 931 353 96 121

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 5 28 104 21 615 101 0 0 0

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 12 32 117 35 2 460 144 92 0 25

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 40 188 242 0 4 869 163 49 23 21

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 43 152 189 48 3 545 171 23 0 0

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 34 533 374 36 26 444 295 48 0 8

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 0 121 244 2 7 056 0 0 0 0

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 8 48 183 54 2 031 102 34 17 33

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 5 780 852 2 459 5 237 18 337 2 528 784 247 167

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 838 689 18 834 91 580 307 292 1 784 171 115 008 189 181 94 890 315 318

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 29 10 244 57 44 1 091 67 0 0 29

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 236 720 50 506 255 131 228 070 838 458 107 287 40 309 16 278 7 331

American ---------------------------------------------------- 687 394 22 350 96 176 305 459 658 879 91 998 70 810 27 697 10 639

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 2 650 1 440 9 644 1 306 86 341 6 191 13 768 1 248 603

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 50 42 024 263 133 1 854 303 24 8 0

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 9 185 5 335 25 248 5 981 156 625 21 859 110 426 2 990 1 717

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 6 0 23 7 186 12 62 0 23

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 334 35 139 163 1 712 202 79 14 13

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 14 17 13 23 369 39 107 0 0

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 395 354 2 645 682 12 742 3 569 904 2 396 59

United States------------------------------------------------- 18 179 615 5 177 8 582 48 851 4 410 5 598 1 373 999

White19----------------------------------------------------- 60 705 7 445 37 431 37 817 267 505 27 241 11 125 2 910 2 258

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 0 8 0 0 39 25 0 0 0

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 27 612 8 091 49 752 27 446 331 630 42 904 36 781 8 097 5 539

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 662 139 39 866 322 159 403 077 2 332 327 219 721 226 842 61 228 72 395

14 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas

Total ------------------------------------------------- 12 937 926 6 478 216 1 108 229 1 006 749 11 430 602 5 544 159 2 776 755 2 477 574

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 805 155 76 28 888 286 138 100

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 63 932 9 396 1 943 2 759 49 970 8 330 4 516 6 541

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 1 189 128 169 5 587 445 190 59 70

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 117 11 19 166 49 55 20 10

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 334 27 29 353 75 0 8 24

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 738 90 121 5 068 321 135 31 36

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 227 29 13 34 184 102 48 126

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 4 636 1 099 171 310 13 131 5 180 2 997 1 719

British ------------------------------------------------------ 76 630 39 724 2 882 5 121 34 734 24 749 7 960 10 028

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 1 172 738 114 122 564 470 228 252

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 109 62 4 10 160 28 44 0

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 330 55 9 0 177 68 8 0

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 140 29 9 0 131 29 4 0

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 28 000000 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 162 26 0 0 46 39 4 0

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 46 654 10 404 3 455 40 297 70 586 14 918 84 202 18 878

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 279 077 112 322 9 839 35 881 264 339 198 589 175 769 99 645

English------------------------------------------------------ 1 845 667 889 698 71 569 290 516 1 140 917 767 070 389 466 405 709

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 25 031 4 978 1 422 3 937 20 636 4 470 2 401 1 717

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 634 315 63 44 849 414 144 115

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 508 205 155 250 21 674 45 801 355 629 209 181 103 265 109 945

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 2 410 257 810 165 102 714 278 615 3 326 248 2 084 667 1 394 542 968 078

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 66 861 14 795 1 589 2 525 93 046 18 978 6 233 3 986

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 1 348 353 127 408 981 224 310 169

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 1 898 822 970 713 65 473 141 901 1 860 989 965 080 527 428 435 784

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 784 770 111 940 21 535 23 736 729 000 124 581 45 213 44 528

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 1 259 192 162 207 9 249 685 6 153 361

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 2 190 182 41 28 314 121 80 49

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 351 85 4 149 634 78 95 81

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 285 39 0 6 118 52 26 79

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 90 375 21 388 9 054 32 956 167 003 25 978 152 084 21 878

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 32 345 4 925 57 125 2 717 6 810 2 476 1 097 1 414

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 120 0 7 43 2 8 0 8

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 4 0 7 0 29 0 0 0

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 32 221 4 925 57 111 2 674 6 779 2 468 1 097 1 406

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 1 270 558 126 162 1 093 455 273 588

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 258 56 30 2 68 147 25 12

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 20 057 6 978 1 748 10 349 23 446 6 528 13 221 4 700

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 320 217 192 187 10 628 26 230 173 035 113 568 64 500 74 643

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 316 732 141 833 13 784 39 890 176 096 111 535 53 694 57 460

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 2 887 538 157 127 2 824 716 182 102

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 171 780 39 612 10 396 52 892 374 965 69 619 120 470 79 188

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 37 877 9 210 1 948 12 680 47 057 44 511 18 886 18 105

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 93 28 22 8 26 28 0 4

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 103 115 37 811 4 596 20 746 63 144 42 004 29 060 27 031

West German ------------------------------------------------ 360 53 0 38 174 116 35 16

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 1 327 1 255 168 387 1 330 735 680 632

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 164 37 0 0 68 53 26 21

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 812 202 63 21 2 837 255 86 66

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 232 15 8 0 627 42 12 0

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 1 396 205 137 80 2 136 944 437 219

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 220 10 0 0 75 78 0 11

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 449 53 25 4 266 13 36 3

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 18 020 9 651 679 981 61 284 18 633 5 295 8 511

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 35 993 7 199 1 553 5 252 131 503 11 582 58 690 21 629

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 15 085 2 817 703 1 260 23 927 3 458 6 142 3 564

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 501 236 48 71 1 164 315 93 78

European* --------------------------------------------------- 22 179 14 216 1 622 3 757 14 040 7 263 4 071 6 333

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 145 59 40 29 464 167 67 659

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 99 822 13 418 2 631 2 455 68 439 40 828 3 710 4 058

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 5 725 1 035 224 47 6 978 1 622 965 384

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 41 713 6 751 1 411 831 109 417 11 098 3 090 2 079

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 583 74 6 74 1 264 3 210 17 17

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 134 21 0 5 438 21 27 90

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 1 920 732 170 785 1 807 1 078 1 250 689

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 410 666 67 171 11 795 11 540 962 827 179 501 32 502 34 844

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 306 30 29 115 275 147 24 34

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 29 675 3 850 610 470 23 202 7 725 917 940

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 232 298 29 235 5 246 4 155 144 656 18 288 7 669 16 484

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 65 57 16 6 120 67 21 0

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 4 082 558 188 161 15 503 8 418 639 454

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 3 136 755 164 207 3 658 1 252 454 479

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 74 335 13 110 2 087 2 582 120 400 44 412 10 599 8 085

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 2 733 726 73 112 11 743 1 495 397 1 085

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 350 65 0 11 322 91 14 76

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 33 792 4 967 1 234 906 38 414 6 379 1 356 2 075

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 16 16 6 0 13 0 8 0

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 9 462 1 317 678 1 137 19 145 4 214 1 047 1 425

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 5 900 1 699 95 53 4 901 549 226 371

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 15
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 8 356 455 89 68 1 759 199 79 75

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 2 904 352 8 41 1 423 154 55 145

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 548 35 24 0 285 19 0 0

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 8 856 441 55 106 1 580 237 129 172

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 78 183 3 308 244 120 9 747 667 200 505

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 7 130 510 84 36 1 000 241 111 159

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 541 011 6 530 314 140 14 625 1 537 388 1 111

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 36 116 1 301 259 19 2 518 426 162 108

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 16 377 778 176 32 9 009 272 70 537

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 12 137 962 60 92 15 263 203 132 336

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 54 960 4 071 1 133 3 018 22 248 3 287 1 547 4 895

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 21 682 789 161 74 3 212 224 208 174

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 4 188 327 73 70 1 338 433 140 121

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 134 161 37 267 10 720 35 591 557 536 60 593 21 255 65 729

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 70 374 694 101 127 1 366 101 103 117

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 10 907 2 133 241 93 1 903 567 304 444

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 269 60 0 3 207 46 18 77

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 21 784 1 581 143 170 4 821 273 95 256

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 174 445 11 512 16 432 512 121 871 13 164 762 2 342

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 10 502 1 783 111 114 5 951 156 299 306

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 1 031 167 43 0 253 19 17 22

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 78 656 2 703 1 332 767 6 845 1 246 367 1 067

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 201 059 21 116 12 998 8 159 41 586 11 734 4 211 10 046

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 2 039 254 15 0 183 15 29 10

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 12 362 697 45 4 654 191 21 285

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 2 644 125 0 0 117 23 21 0

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 1 334 63 31 3 2 118 129 10 33

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 7 788 742 67 129 1 729 419 153 243

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 4 497 530 49 0 679 81 60 5

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 247 700000 0

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 13 668 462 5 8 286 64 68 44

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 1 770 287 30 0 195 62 6 21

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 400 203 56 0 92 22 7 7

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 3 678 341 24 0 191 11 16 29

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 685 58 12 0 35 0 0 6

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 850 39 0 0 7 0 16 0

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 417 66 0 0 19 0 0 0

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 344 84 12 0 10 0 0 0

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 331 21 0 0 47 11 0 12

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 1 051 73 0 0 73 0 0 11

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 903 600 46 176 232 256 79 476

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 105 495 1 183 215 32 4 597 316 50 85

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 86 231 6 262 443 78 7 734 1 368 104 442

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 7 500 616 63 43 444 157 31 71

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 1 353 213 6 0 53 63 2 0

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 13 350 2 064 268 53 2 093 494 75 326

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 861 41 0 0 32 17 0 2

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 169 133 0 0 89 10 15 10

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 7 233 1 198 254 183 10 468 1 513 391 579

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 7 424 1 122 478 147 8 431 1 052 304 358

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 414 101 9 59 13 759 398 0 66

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 3 119 1 043 125 40 2 407 571 221 228

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 6 088 3 279 352 366 6 458 1 230 787 1 155

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 696 90 0 26 1 638 47 30 74

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 5 518 415 74 45 2 528 521 125 137

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 615 300 0 7 1 833 170 130 103

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 24 322 5 792 504 285 8 299 3 610 2 180 2 937

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 324 82 35 8 283 23 58 75

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 1 400 89 24 10 690 138 44 81

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 2 786 420 10 23 5 534 471 165 270

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 324 45 11 13 157 49 33 7

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 8 225 1 032 152 145 3 367 1 773 660 450

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 5 809 1 478 229 103 2 778 842 301 205

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 152 8 13 0 25 0 0 0

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 621 195 33 0 330 117 77 57

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 13 065 10 212 308 80 10 106 3 108 926 1 628

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 718 204 50 0 111 53 0 69

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 91 163 0 0 129 0 0 0

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 14 32 0 0 14 21 0 4

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 415 531 17 0 1 167 111 51 94

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 76 134 6 4 171 12 31 62

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 199 563 0 0 282 39 9 32

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 2 922 5 040 13 96 4 455 720 423 344

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 210 146 0 0 17 19 0 0

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 1 379 700 13 43 599 109 35 18

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 47 8 0 0 147 9 18 38

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 41 143 8 0 137 30 31 69

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 786 931 33 16 675 201 225 100

16 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 196 503 44 6 557 129 37 175

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 22 240 9 868 719 382 45 778 6 093 2 438 3 280

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 425 165 24 0 233 98 46 109

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 67 21 79 0 16 13 27 0

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 3 835 1 665 192 92 11 237 1 035 356 623

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 422 73 186 14 405 267 53 152

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 0 000000 0

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 633 494 153 48 301 290 185 202

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 3 760 1 858 1 903 104 5 655 1 012 525 714

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 267 50 145 14 482 40 11 28

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 1 347 1 860 133 73 2 720 277 586 662

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 274 73 394 0 748 49 56 22

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 28 787 11 180 95 899 1 469 44 077 6 128 3 727 4 298

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 691 190 289 16 488 55 21 38

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 37 531 7 527 176 370 1 586 66 984 5 354 2 156 2 974

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 22 320 0 0 483 134 325 483

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 141 11 76 10 197 27 2 35

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 1 211 340 474 97 723 406 270 236

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 15 401 9 450 262 113 3 865 26 579 6 338 2 189 3 360

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 7 6 0 0 3 0 25 0

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 14 722 16 580 28 887 1 214 42 167 6 298 4 959 5 406

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 2 365 3 306 1 554 430 4 191 699 2 860 2 049

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 904 426 634 40 972 421 132 315

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 66 60 42 5 106 40 7 0

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 142 114 5 998 17 77 75 0 23

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 35 20 47 0 70 8 16 0

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 4 509 2 364 1 632 82 7 163 1 168 1 025 1 246

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 6 295 2 224 1 753 279 5 963 1 056 1 305 1 073

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 14 586 6 864 5 277 572 8 550 2 420 2 128 6 001

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 28 13 48 0 15 11 7 64

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 2 791 1 065 409 375 1 539 826 231 645

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 94 69 416 2 18 30 0 13

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 30 33 371 0 0 6 0 8

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 935 545 1 954 148 410 113 27 257

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 3 075 1 156 156 812 695 1 535 1 008 430 631

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 31 41 999 49 10 6 0 77

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 368 134 137 36 160 65 63 74

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 340 53 691 65 397 44 10 0

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 390 154 1 083 53 103 123 40 76

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 602 332 14 971 130 136 164 25 268

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 136 0 3 283 78 9 26 33 43

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 264 113 1 887 101 148 31 10 74

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 12 114 7 893 800 374 3 175 1 860 498 1 474

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 1 194 537 1 420 631 23 864 3 190 1 425 762 370 476 41 013 121 451

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 131 17 86 41 61 11 0 35

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 426 108 292 003 14 835 42 043 254 707 246 891 57 866 122 760

American ---------------------------------------------------- 678 601 804 672 7 013 41 831 301 671 373 498 82 295 112 285

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 43 958 6 425 1 699 2 323 12 794 6 451 2 385 2 793

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 319 147 237 202 254 184 24 155

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 110 221 20 430 3 176 7 529 47 059 20 094 11 030 11 512

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 288 43 0 3 88 37 2 10

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 741 515 6 18 433 374 63 126

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 406 83 0 0 9 13 30 42

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 9 451 1 027 149 930 7 208 9 684 6 580 5 042

United States------------------------------------------------- 45 577 31 997 553 1 419 16 966 21 625 4 396 6 242

White19----------------------------------------------------- 62 393 82 402 13 442 9 138 29 455 32 446 9 644 17 117

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 12 18 0 0 2 18 2 0

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 179 096 55 318 6 182 21 968 154 153 142 902 24 282 29 779

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 1 408 110 989 612 55 494 82 392 859 335 654 787 209 967 269 654

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 17
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi

Total ---------------------------------------------- 3 685 296 4 219 973 1 227 928 4 781 468 6 016 425 9 295 297 4 375 099 2 573 216

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian ------------------------------------------------- 133 133 41 308 444 342 204 38

Austrian2 ------------------------------------------------ 2 945 3 445 1 910 18 028 20 733 24 899 16 361 1 171

Basque -------------------------------------------------- 94 226 36 268 337 236 130 28

Basque, French ------------------------------------------ 11 73 2 60 37 7 24 4

Basque, Spanish ----------------------------------------- 15 38 21 45 73 47 15 0

Basque, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 68 115 13 163 227 182 91 24

Bavarian ------------------------------------------------- 29 26 8 116 41 79 172 16

Belgian3 ------------------------------------------------- 309 1 203 250 1 152 2 263 22 559 6 328 134

British--------------------------------------------------- 18 006 10 837 6 646 28 992 28 905 31 204 11 596 8 537

Celtic --------------------------------------------------- 354 281 280 689 792 721 372 208

Comish -------------------------------------------------- 24 0 2 45 49 292 55 0

Cypriot -------------------------------------------------- 25 52 0 231 120 193 37 0

Cypriot, Greek ------------------------------------------- 25 11 0 66 42 131 21 0

Cypriot, Turkish ------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 41 0 7 0 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 0 41 0 124 78 55 16 0

Danish -------------------------------------------------- 3 888 5 713 6 979 12 563 18 172 51 184 98 373 2 454

Dutch --------------------------------------------------- 79 575 43 259 15 416 80 433 53 062 560 792 103 757 31 860

English -------------------------------------------------- 552 802 335 620 372 042 670 915 920 850 1 315 444 356 574 253 741

Finnish -------------------------------------------------- 1 405 1 590 6 326 5 547 31 529 109 357 103 603 1 250

Flemish -------------------------------------------------- 132 123 32 357 414 692 278 52

French4 -------------------------------------------------- 92 588 550 440 223 653 125 278 634 833 652 465 236 268 84 955

German5------------------------------------------------- 798 001 507 453 108 859 1 218 257 497 462 2 666 179 2 020 975 224 674

Greek6 -------------------------------------------------- 4 060 5 964 5 341 32 203 81 769 42 678 8 924 2 215

Icelander------------------------------------------------- 108 81 110 425 719 756 3 165 84

Irish7 --------------------------------------------------- 695 853 518 124 217 226 769 312 1 570 742 1 320 458 573 755 392 864

Italian8 -------------------------------------------------- 55 423 196 904 51 397 252 428 843 524 409 573 88 812 36 304

Luxemburger---------------------------------------------- 83 59 42 340 326 907 5 898 70

Maltese ------------------------------------------------- 114 61 30 184 401 13 446 104 88

Manx --------------------------------------------------- 32 20 9 113 103 343 206 19

Northern Irish --------------------------------------------- 79 59 39 48 360 141 56 5

Norwegian ----------------------------------------------- 7 355 9 510 7 256 22 520 30 726 72 261 757 212 4 052

Portuguese ----------------------------------------------- 1 275 2 988 4 523 6 898 289 424 4 203 1 386 1 306

Azores Islander ------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 20 1 276 4 22 0

Madeira Islander ----------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0

Portuguese, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------- 1 275 2 988 4 523 6 878 288 112 4 199 1 364 1 306

Prussian ------------------------------------------------- 157 297 77 584 421 1 130 662 29

Saxon--------------------------------------------------- 91 22 19 86 44 126 27 43

Scandinavian ---------------------------------------------- 2 696 2 774 2 217 7 012 8 804 16 514 91 712 1 755

Scotch-Irish9 ---------------------------------------------- 89 822 79 491 41 310 89 223 108 407 157 483 52 423 88 052

Scottish ------------------------------------------------- 65 638 40 417 72 320 108 427 199 489 252 104 63 996 35 921

Sicilian -------------------------------------------------- 159 874 219 849 1 908 2 636 351 195

Swedish ------------------------------------------------- 16 447 15 908 24 131 40 456 143 841 194 063 536 203 8 629

Swiss --------------------------------------------------- 10 901 4 217 2 227 14 405 10 670 27 146 25 524 2 237

Tirol ---------------------------------------------------- 9 0 11 153 55 79 60 0

Welsh --------------------------------------------------- 21 128 12 408 10 124 47 236 26 621 55 588 22 753 8 611

West German --------------------------------------------- 74 0 21 156 27 108 18 12

Western European* ----------------------------------------- 339 283 147 921 907 1 206 561 211

Other Western European, n.e.c. ------------------------------- 9 21 12 71 17 51 55 11

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ------------------------------------------------- 53 81 597 429 7 710 4 955 148 23

Belorussian ----------------------------------------------- 0 0 35 239 99 189 33 18

Bulgarian ------------------------------------------------ 106 124 95 588 532 2 232 635 50

Carpath Rusyn -------------------------------------------- 0 6 0 146 36 174 82 7

Central European------------------------------------------- 23 27 4 207 210 171 101 7

Croatian ------------------------------------------------- 3 140 5 081 645 5 869 2 535 29 356 11 020 7 428

Czech10-------------------------------------------------- 2 832 3 883 1 833 18 130 9 285 40 242 87 718 1 271

Czechoslovakian ------------------------------------------- 1 073 1 666 746 6 686 4 569 14 485 11 466 400

Estonian ------------------------------------------------- 71 55 86 1 487 977 478 558 0

European* ----------------------------------------------- 7 385 2 820 1 443 9 881 6 787 10 523 6 247 3 563

German Russian/ Volga -------------------------------------- 101 77 8 90 86 338 385 0

Hungarian ------------------------------------------------ 5 819 5 722 3 234 26 726 19 989 109 178 12 349 1 462

Latvian -------------------------------------------------- 240 285 455 3 398 6 479 5 485 2 612 116

Lithuanian ------------------------------------------------ 1 726 1 899 4 678 23 608 68 447 38 384 7 033 569

Macedonian ---------------------------------------------- 61 33 3 198 181 4 106 115 15

Moravian ------------------------------------------------ 13 27 18 47 50 114 30 2

Northern European* ---------------------------------------- 198 685 161 1 070 1 249 2 153 2 871 122

Polish --------------------------------------------------- 24 487 22 456 23 838 200 570 359 677 889 527 238 039 10 645

Rom ---------------------------------------------------- 41 70 10 114 56 145 99 77

Romanian ------------------------------------------------ 1 081 858 421 7 672 7 809 24 832 4 903 445

Russian11 ------------------------------------------------ 6 435 7 328 8 122 95 964 133 080 76 121 31 945 1 892

Ruthenian ------------------------------------------------ 2 5 6 137 29 137 79 7

Serbian -------------------------------------------------- 333 236 85 1 196 595 7 439 3 292 115

Slavic* -------------------------------------------------- 241 364 195 1 398 957 3 713 4 169 323

Slovak -------------------------------------------------- 5 017 5 133 3 518 33 597 16 321 84 864 31 190 2 319

Slovene-------------------------------------------------- 321 166 67 1 018 393 3 002 6 614 66

Soviet Union ---------------------------------------------- 11 11 0 362 513 128 27 0

Ukrainian ------------------------------------------------ 1 582 1 391 1 328 15 872 17 500 43 914 10 691 480

Windish ------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0

Yugoslavian* --------------------------------------------- 860 1 818 339 2 505 2 390 15 878 7 765 952

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c.------------------- 256 472 405 6 577 8 381 2 376 1 049 107

18 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND

SPAIN

Argentinean ---------------------------------------------- 112 392 96 1 432 1 421 595 132 14

Bolivian-------------------------------------------------- 53 131 24 2 879 717 226 196 0

Central American* ------------------------------------------ 11 175 0 205 105 35 2 0

Chilean -------------------------------------------------- 76 341 45 2 231 1 493 545 268 90

Colombian------------------------------------------------ 678 1 421 219 4 332 7 795 1 623 1 295 201

Costa Rican----------------------------------------------- 143 628 24 762 1 739 313 115 59

Cuban--------------------------------------------------- 931 6 048 262 5 254 6 468 3 890 1 116 309

Dominican------------------------------------------------ 502 657 190 3 342 29 065 1 053 186 211

Ecuadorian ----------------------------------------------- 526 781 67 2 632 2 437 471 192 63

Guatemalan ---------------------------------------------- 159 1 890 75 4 042 5 866 475 227 85

Hispanic* ------------------------------------------------ 1 255 4 325 363 5 999 13 516 10 461 2 437 635

Honduran ------------------------------------------------ 145 8 268 30 1 910 3 155 525 204 122

Latin American* ------------------------------------------- 123 444 9 488 535 579 160 95

Mexican ------------------------------------------------- 6 823 21 046 1 990 14 948 11 421 118 424 28 512 4 900

Nicaraguan ----------------------------------------------- 95 3 635 19 3 279 591 237 158 74

Panamanian ---------------------------------------------- 531 982 79 2 243 1 497 638 358 236

Paraguayan----------------------------------------------- 0 14 13 483 157 44 79 0

Peruvian ------------------------------------------------- 180 410 51 4 396 2 817 487 338 78

Puerto Rican ---------------------------------------------- 2 692 4 089 939 13 004 103 792 13 698 2 668 880

Salvadoran ----------------------------------------------- 96 1 118 78 16 449 7 835 345 315 85

South American*------------------------------------------- 14 69 7 272 311 195 12 84

Spaniard12 ----------------------------------------------- 591 4 099 119 3 326 3 812 2 426 584 588

Spanish* ------------------------------------------------- 5 810 65 125 2 947 22 255 32 495 26 094 7 584 8 555

Uruguayan ----------------------------------------------- 5 0 5 316 525 87 151 0

Venezuelan ----------------------------------------------- 65 481 45 1 257 1 403 589 119 142

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 9 219 0 82 107 41 18 11

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ------------------------------------------------- 10 331 0 150 102 80 20 6

Brazilian ------------------------------------------------- 98 290 113 2 551 7 483 887 403 120

Guyanese ------------------------------------------------ 47 80 0 3 106 541 126 414 5

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. ------------------------ 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian ------------------------------------------------ 32 50 2 295 192 250 66 50

Barbadian ------------------------------------------------ 28 87 8 626 3 393 128 50 12

Bermudan ------------------------------------------------ 21 3 47 168 390 126 15 37

British West Indian ----------------------------------------- 41 76 56 1 196 1 268 296 65 5

Antigua and Barbuda -------------------------------------- 26 15 2 141 320 62 29 0

Grenadian ---------------------------------------------- 6 11 8 508 138 55 14 0

Kitts-Nevis Islander---------------------------------------- 0 0 0 87 14 67 5 0

St. Lucia Islander ----------------------------------------- 0 44 22 84 80 0 0 0

Vincent-Grenadine Islander ---------------------------------- 3 0 0 102 101 30 11 0

British West Indian, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 6 6 24 274 615 82 6 5

Dutch West Indian------------------------------------------ 434 339 1 178 100 212 48 225

Haitian -------------------------------------------------- 276 633 157 3 837 23 692 614 237 80

Jamaican ------------------------------------------------ 600 1 105 198 15 456 11 990 3 777 696 318

Trinidadian and Tobagonian ----------------------------------- 111 349 40 4 493 2 590 294 63 24

US Virgin Islander ------------------------------------------ 25 110 0 277 281 38 75 0

West Indian* --------------------------------------------- 315 829 156 5 424 7 271 1 357 498 274

Other West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------ 11 32 6 249 35 50 9 9

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian ------------------------------------------------- 0 36 0 128 283 63 40 10

Arab* --------------------------------------------------- 569 1 271 156 2 160 2 782 14 842 751 160

Armenian ------------------------------------------------ 258 530 908 3 076 28 714 14 263 714 158

Assyrian ------------------------------------------------- 3 78 11 157 663 14 724 66 46

Egyptian ------------------------------------------------- 147 269 14 1 817 2 197 1 785 760 141

Iranian -------------------------------------------------- 962 1 123 143 9 644 4 659 3 117 1 922 235

Iraqi ---------------------------------------------------- 17 98 0 468 383 6 668 80 9

Israeli --------------------------------------------------- 136 184 76 2 254 2 899 1 150 452 83

Jordanian ------------------------------------------------ 229 123 9 467 326 1 441 111 37

Lebanese------------------------------------------------- 3 153 6 705 2 623 5 771 29 700 39 673 6 096 3 177

Middle Eastern* ------------------------------------------- 20 59 2 266 256 161 116 29

Moroccan ------------------------------------------------ 49 58 37 1 303 550 758 70 27

Palestinian ----------------------------------------------- 231 454 67 1 038 903 2 695 368 92

Saudi Arabian --------------------------------------------- 0 38 0 84 106 178 74 40

Syrian--------------------------------------------------- 639 1 659 490 1 845 7 552 7 656 1 114 314

Turkish -------------------------------------------------- 290 449 152 2 366 2 336 1 776 597 206

Yemeni -------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 156 23 840 35 0

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. ------------------ 93 93 0 359 341 310 170 48

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ------------------------------------------------- 1 601 5 604 168 12 107 5 841 6 219 2 129 2 459

Cape Verdean --------------------------------------------- 60 84 57 484 29 326 85 37 12

Eritrean-------------------------------------------------- 0 82 8 419 120 106 137 0

Ethiopian13 ----------------------------------------------- 9 0 5 53 26 77 33 7

Ghanian ------------------------------------------------- 59 68 7 2 502 661 330 181 0

Kenyan -------------------------------------------------- 20 0 5 408 166 53 102 0

Liberian-------------------------------------------------- 0 19 0 720 385 312 452 0

Nigerian ------------------------------------------------- 445 1 430 44 6 515 1 620 2 103 1 714 1 225

Sierra Leonean -------------------------------------------- 8 0 0 975 156 53 78 0

South African* -------------------------------------------- 59 58 33 568 750 360 119 19

Sudanese ------------------------------------------------ 6 24 0 170 57 82 22 13

Ugandan ------------------------------------------------- 10 0 0 317 211 46 99 0

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c. ------------------------------ 103 102 25 1 929 601 556 280 19

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 19
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan ---------------------------------------------- 18 9 304 488 214 217 225 0

Asian Indian ---------------------------------------------- 2 367 4 385 449 21 262 13 603 18 100 5 308 1 793

Bangladeshi ---------------------------------------------- 62 23 15 487 256 250 0 26

Nepali--------------------------------------------------- 0 3 15 241 197 167 25 22

Pakastani ------------------------------------------------ 228 485 16 3 342 1 814 2 524 446 99

Sri Lankan ----------------------------------------------- 57 129 24 844 297 158 497 35

Other South Asian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------ 0 000 900 0

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* ---------------------------------------------- 108 207 49 448 264 223 283 138

Asian* -------------------------------------------------- 557 1 095 165 2 358 1 944 2 688 1 012 463

Burmese ------------------------------------------------- 0 30 9 513 237 85 31 27

Cambodian14---------------------------------------------- 190 173 809 1 798 11 821 687 2 981 14

Cantonese------------------------------------------------ 67 63 0 186 952 232 29 0

Chinese15 ------------------------------------------------ 3 137 5 321 1 269 26 479 47 245 17 100 8 850 2 532

Eurasian* ------------------------------------------------ 75 54 7 407 335 300 155 11

Filipino -------------------------------------------------- 2 587 5 981 1 438 21 086 8 024 16 086 5 210 2 120

Hmong -------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 90 2 013 16 785 0

Hong Kong ----------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 63 244 24 80 0

Indonesian ----------------------------------------------- 307 224 41 770 808 876 164 39

Japanese ------------------------------------------------ 3 275 2 681 1 202 10 067 10 662 13 309 5 330 1 576

Khmer -------------------------------------------------- 0 37 0 83 528 0 21 0

Korean -------------------------------------------------- 4 264 3 643 1 225 29 471 12 878 17 738 12 922 1 610

Laotian -------------------------------------------------- 308 862 44 639 3 953 2 753 7 252 54

Malaysian------------------------------------------------ 63 120 33 400 310 503 76 198

Mongolian------------------------------------------------ 55 19 13 76 52 53 13 6

Okinawan ------------------------------------------------ 22 0 27 61 17 67 34 71

Singaporean ---------------------------------------------- 5 15 0 47 56 31 16 0

Taiwanese------------------------------------------------ 356 968 48 5 303 4 401 2 892 1 179 297

Thai ---------------------------------------------------- 625 1 032 221 3 202 1 996 1 803 883 283

Vietnamese ----------------------------------------------- 1 340 14 696 809 7 809 13 101 5 229 8 698 3 340

Other Asian, n.e.c.----------------------------------------- 14 0 19 40 23 20 4 0

PACIFIC

Australian ------------------------------------------------ 475 350 191 1 251 1 198 1 388 607 162

Chamorro ------------------------------------------------ 49 13 2 69 24 6 32 0

Fijian---------------------------------------------------- 0 9 0 50 20 35 0 0

Guamanian ----------------------------------------------- 180 307 85 390 256 216 140 83

Hawaiian------------------------------------------------- 539 779 276 986 637 1 333 493 303

Micronesian ---------------------------------------------- 0 50 0 33 0 50 21 0

New Zealander -------------------------------------------- 7 67 18 201 206 144 36 8

Pacific Islander* ------------------------------------------- 57 32 43 101 56 227 101 7

Polynesian------------------------------------------------ 74 60 19 85 66 48 69 42

Samoan ------------------------------------------------- 181 98 23 87 115 148 72 56

Tongan -------------------------------------------------- 10 0 2 0 23 8 39 0

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 60 47 37 141 41 179 83 11

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun--------------------------------------------- 2 086 432 549 2 365 2 298 1 162 1 954 645 11 097

Afro-American16 ------------------------------------------- 222 428 1 097 499 4 882 965 573 170 439 1 099 751 78 891 774 950

Aleut --------------------------------------------------- 7 38 9 21 33 22 68 1

American Indian17 ------------------------------------------ 208 938 154 511 48 617 121 765 67 157 282 695 70 252 114 236

American ------------------------------------------------ 586 090 272 108 84 120 167 320 150 550 316 566 63 517 317 021

Canadian18 ----------------------------------------------- 2 200 2 435 13 648 6 606 66 007 47 488 4 495 1 357

Eskimo -------------------------------------------------- 71 98 41 77 128 150 240 65

French Canadian ------------------------------------------- 8 033 86 569 110 209 21 206 310 636 174 138 46 719 7 487

Newfoundland --------------------------------------------- 7 21 107 58 2 333 87 48 0

North American* ------------------------------------------- 193 164 29 254 200 286 83 249

Nova Scotian --------------------------------------------- 21 485 182 61 2 206 41 48 7

Pennsylvania German --------------------------------------- 818 469 374 3 581 1 025 10 758 2 185 181

United States --------------------------------------------- 23 512 7 871 2 677 11 126 10 519 15 615 2 884 11 006

White19-------------------------------------------------- 42 777 34 343 7 603 18 457 18 700 38 556 8 890 44 108

Other North America, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 13 0 0 5 0 11 0 0

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20------------------------- 60 667 35 710 23 291 63 168 94 050 127 760 29 622 36 803

Not reported---------------------------------------------- 688 555 405 322 87 649 439 105 390 044 722 977 217 550 367 941

20 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada

New

Hampshire

New

Jersey

New

Mexico

New

York

North

Carolina

Total ------------------------------------------------- 5 117 073 799 065 1 578 385 1 201 833 1 109 252 7 730 188 1 515 069 17 990 455 6 628 637

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 228 8 40 46 49 717 156 1 977 165

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 11 764 5 556 3 152 4 401 2 851 58 912 3 299 156 994 6 859

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 151 469 45 4 840 53 534 502 1 300 119

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 27 66 0 472 0 72 63 131 16

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 10 46 0 776 0 143 61 242 6

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 114 357 45 3 592 53 319 378 927 97

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 116 5 8 32 0 70 18 227 97

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 1 930 994 1 017 469 688 2 978 283 5 115 813

British ------------------------------------------------------ 18 492 2 135 3 997 5 368 6 716 27 217 6 397 58 197 34 868

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 404 73 126 165 230 784 186 1 920 517

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 15 6 41 52 16 48 13 104 29

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 11 7 0 7 12 659 7 1 734 17

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 0 7 0 7 3 315 7 687 17

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 11 0 0 0 0 9 0 134 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 9 335 0 913 0

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 20 695 16 752 59 860 19 170 4 156 27 703 7 122 47 058 9 848

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 153 961 27 018 46 237 30 751 14 238 159 165 29 401 369 807 147 469

English------------------------------------------------------ 743 232 137 181 208 616 207 010 265 668 702 504 188 934 1 566 019 986 683

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 3 583 7 324 1 651 3 582 8 294 8 343 2 266 21 288 3 830

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 166 41 72 47 97 272 90 801 299

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 268 116 43 073 54 459 60 172 205 455 157 195 43 970 625 459 141 803

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 1 843 299 285 385 794 911 279 693 118 033 1 407 956 234 000 2 898 888 1 110 581

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 13 294 1 920 3 266 6 490 15 507 60 899 3 108 159 876 14 927

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 304 334 226 342 166 522 149 1 427 245

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 1 037 658 138 828 272 185 199 772 232 409 1 415 489 163 690 2 800 128 841 276

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 161 173 21 322 35 014 86 785 81 310 1 457 013 36 204 2 837 904 111 983

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 417 216 922 225 90 425 132 915 83

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 98 0 45 193 84 1 252 11 8 245 268

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 133 87 67 45 23 57 32 130 50

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 55 5 0 16 9 175 0 411 87

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 29 531 86 460 30 533 23 229 8 401 46 991 13 936 90 158 20 184

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 3 086 1 421 744 8 246 10 199 63 188 1 768 44 090 4 970

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 40 0 0 42 19 31 8 46 9

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 0 8 0 12 18 7

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 3 046 1 421 744 8 204 10 172 63 157 1 748 44 026 4 954

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 633 109 183 286 77 487 153 1 366 373

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 35 31 45 29 0 76 29 76 77

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 7 156 9 971 5 988 6 112 2 428 7 921 4 098 17 092 6 678

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 129 228 25 369 34 701 27 950 27 747 86 869 33 977 165 952 343 345

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 94 211 27 904 26 278 32 601 56 864 132 882 29 082 266 312 177 699

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 949 139 301 740 386 2 284 174 5 968 434

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 69 039 36 784 99 263 31 301 25 464 72 647 19 999 165 333 35 861

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 26 697 5 754 10 408 7 392 2 608 25 402 4 281 46 873 10 716

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 23 0 0 8 0 287 1 385 9

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 40 516 9 704 11 998 14 266 7 868 47 015 11 275 103 679 36 229

West German ------------------------------------------------ 109 24 30 12 13 238 28 322 92

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 879 174 195 328 284 759 251 1 693 1 103

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 34 16 19 9 0 23 14 154 29

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 531 45 50 158 849 3 339 30 10 628 191

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 10 8 0 0 24 629 0 703 45

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 361 246 123 206 2 815 61 2 208 240

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 6 0 0 0 0 614 0 1 038 38

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 187 0 25 35 4 454 53 913 44

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 16 519 3 119 3 283 2 560 682 8 173 1 842 20 517 8 189

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 24 529 7 607 90 043 5 518 1 693 23 473 4 245 50 014 6 156

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 4 550 1 967 7 871 1 615 799 13 686 1 811 28 402 2 355

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 155 66 58 148 128 2 623 67 3 982 304

European* --------------------------------------------------- 9 436 2 652 2 271 2 626 1 481 9 531 3 229 27 446 11 253

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 202 30 172 89 3 328 88 598 179

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 14 843 2 750 3 318 7 100 4 093 141 627 4 337 186 898 12 749

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 760 223 869 278 713 5 393 257 12 038 843

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 6 283 915 3 557 2 722 7 953 49 870 1 943 70 397 5 602

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 265 36 42 145 31 460 62 1 570 29

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 54 1 179 0 3 65 7 118 71

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 798 588 472 427 270 1 010 710 2 854 920

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 95 900 15 736 61 199 33 591 48 767 626 506 19 523 1 181 077 59 722

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 114 20 48 53 17 284 34 225 12

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 3 733 572 900 1 745 937 21 177 713 66 977 2 007

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 27 516 7 776 10 136 13 241 11 066 229 449 7 912 596 875 17 688

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 7 8 46 0 0 330 3 277 16

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 285 522 443 871 68 1 718 307 3 534 639

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 1 084 556 342 475 131 4 171 384 5 969 751

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 17 261 3 907 9 156 6 311 2 671 117 562 4 469 118 045 12 313

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 515 264 190 238 80 972 189 2 619 537

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 41 0 32 63 56 469 12 2 150 28

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 4 766 1 478 1 161 2 434 2 434 73 935 1 512 121 113 4 897

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 6 11 0 20 0 29 0 31 7

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 2 668 3 355 483 2 483 359 12 682 903 30 455 1 315

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 1 275 97 151 315 511 11 075 243 34 778 913

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 21
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada

New

Hampshire

New

Jersey

New

Mexico

New

York

North

Carolina

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 318 17 119 415 43 5 789 116 12 087 410

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 276 6 65 165 10 1 052 67 4 406 127

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 53 2 369 0 1 300 31

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 307 24 143 374 99 4 640 306 10 288 456

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 1 011 49 124 1 262 436 47 809 469 99 935 1 707

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 144 0 42 443 103 4 612 90 7 939 433

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 1 845 145 383 5 430 641 72 373 772 64 741 3 296

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 314 29 105 429 756 51 138 246 337 867 999

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 467 24 53 286 129 27 486 101 89 040 1 008

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 259 46 27 852 103 6 694 681 20 293 471

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 2 752 553 2 083 5 022 369 26 265 105 892 78 843 2 795

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 224 36 97 384 204 7 241 87 23 014 457

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 118 9 35 228 6 934 144 2 843 213

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 35 860 7 037 25 814 72 281 2 334 24 703 215 576 71 284 24 685

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 240 37 44 957 31 3 663 270 10 036 408

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 585 75 143 361 45 3 063 434 26 491 1 890

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 1 0 0 28 10 413 13 1 552 34

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 476 62 197 430 119 22 962 175 30 011 462

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 2 894 368 916 3 829 2 528 219 942 2 183 762 429 10 161

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 232 34 192 3 121 88 14 766 498 40 992 863

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 41 12 5 24 16 547 20 3 168 153

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 1 351 229 406 2 435 247 23 666 24 861 42 309 1 620

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 13 993 3 351 4 686 20 156 3 051 71 596 190 700 156 310 15 957

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 49 0 9 36 142 3 297 5 3 742 58

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 215 66 46 150 62 2 130 95 5 559 430

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 12 0 0 18 0 77 53 334 130

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 29 0 5 61 14 304 50 5 520 74

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 254 7 103 408 289 7 482 184 11 145 469

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 79 27 28 23 39 6 697 33 56 462 308

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 0 0 0 0 0 45 0 489 17

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 71 0 37 97 21 562 4 1 986 114

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 3 0 0 25 32 1 687 26 22 298 211

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 29 0 0 7 58 529 5 1 050 110

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 29 2 5 106 24 1 857 8 23 799 149

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 21 0 0 7 0 421 0 4 659 8

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 2 0 0 12 0 483 8 7 916 52

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 0 0 5 0 0 172 0 1 617 22

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 3 0 139 0 1 906 16

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 6 0 0 26 0 282 0 4 335 9

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 0 2 0 58 24 360 0 3 366 42

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 778 37 97 169 0 152 899 1 153 550

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 414 0 55 128 281 18 854 66 107 207 542

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 1 202 26 158 369 324 26 690 261 186 429 2 639

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 54 0 8 73 53 4 245 16 42 973 391

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 27 0 4 0 9 338 0 2 743 71

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 394 10 117 238 147 8 935 179 80 075 1 634

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 5 0 0 0 0 320 12 1 330 51

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 12 0 0 7 0 94 0 523 62

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 1 090 52 310 553 307 5 311 712 12 884 1 348

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 1 058 158 210 1 224 2 710 14 664 525 23 590 1 060

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 70 9 15 66 0 845 13 680 14

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 520 37 186 253 185 11 704 143 15 211 903

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 2 208 106 479 1 118 499 5 804 667 18 183 2 094

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 119 18 23 30 51 632 31 2 814 124

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 566 24 172 339 51 6 569 144 24 091 253

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 122 19 15 33 0 1 234 41 2 408 265

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 4 973 816 1 682 2 219 3 777 12 261 1 974 31 089 5 619

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 85 2 13 0 0 491 44 1 618 45

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 437 34 43 214 12 811 61 4 043 124

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 291 23 14 57 8 2 367 112 4 098 894

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 75 0 59 0 6 46 54 46 68

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 1 230 164 749 789 628 11 722 269 18 201 1 114

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 632 52 218 404 379 7 579 336 19 325 1 046

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 40 0 0 0 0 141 9 1 564 0

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 178 0 7 51 33 359 42 1 338 72

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 4 607 36 740 1 045 239 10 922 872 41 452 7 650

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 36 0 21 22 114 436 21 1 099 211

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 16 0 0 20 0 33 0 192 0

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 12 0 26 7 74 9

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 59 0 16 19 68 1 466 8 6 158 205

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 59 0 0 54 12 493 20 272 87

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 54 0 17 0 0 952 0 1 422 220

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 1 644 67 466 188 49 4 330 95 9 610 2 083

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 19 0 0 0 0 384 0 710 103

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 88 0 58 8 25 716 106 1 884 217

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 23 0 7 0 5 158 0 1 221 23

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 0 14 0 0 0 0 9 231 64

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 283 19 53 56 31 734 29 3 408 686

22 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada

New

Hampshire

New

Jersey

New

Mexico

New

York

North

Carolina

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 158 0 275 196 9 659 223 4 675 118

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 4 030 213 948 1 236 1 871 54 039 1 566 80 430 7 091

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 55 0 15 22 17 548 63 5 989 69

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 0 11 15 25 4 36 0 441 123

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 908 28 145 380 217 7 053 203 19 163 787

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 136 7 55 99 9 898 61 1 923 180

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 0 0 7 0 0 27 0 7 8

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 231 18 100 249 55 366 166 777 420

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 981 64 200 909 149 4 234 346 9 117 1 521

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 14 3 0 40 25 196 29 970 112

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 695 6 125 290 289 476 59 3 326 1 493

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 76 0 9 84 5 632 10 5 366 0

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 8 006 811 1 908 7 001 2 218 47 068 2 400 236 876 8 078

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 45 13 49 164 0 335 38 715 123

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 7 181 908 1 699 12 734 1 304 51 821 2 539 64 202 6 181

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 0 123 117 13 0 16 0 184 551

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 6 0 6 0 0 133 6 1 090 19

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 268 22 92 180 47 916 175 3 680 273

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 6 233 1 391 2 307 5 111 1 153 19 948 3 482 39 859 8 069

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 153 92

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 6 452 842 2 600 4 693 1 635 38 087 1 756 93 145 8 572

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 637 171 675 950 475 526 444 2 658 1 731

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 535 42 173 223 51 718 118 2 471 203

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 20 48 5 83 0 362 37 301 21

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 66 0 21 53 9 45 18 78 150

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 0 0 0 22 0 82 0 315 57

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 1 500 16 378 605 200 11 391 476 21 956 2 076

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 1 433 126 525 2 408 285 2 284 655 6 991 1 982

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 3 652 239 1 242 1 978 281 5 480 1 374 12 116 4 406

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 8 8 5 14 0 39 5 271 137

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 763 268 140 576 241 1 573 129 3 688 698

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 3 0 0 22 0 26 12 43 202

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 46 7 0 0 0 52 4 68 7

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 216 44 145 245 40 363 249 775 380

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 1 202 269 342 2 060 308 1 260 583 1 876 1 428

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 76 7 29 27 5 9 0 3 39

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 46 45 0 96 39 219 34 386 107

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 55 6 2 150 9 353 27 188 117

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 211 56 28 130 19 52 46 339 183

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 621 91 87 384 0 147 100 335 390

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 56 0 0 177 0 4 18 25 0

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 58 19 14 219 10 92 81 302 103

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 3 074 235 483 1 278 257 1 047 1 308 2 219 4 478

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 469 075 2 071 51 226 67 797 5 181 750 914 25 288 1 620 890 1 227 936

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 6 80 15 42 9 94 163 133 10

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 306 254 55 858 31 998 55 723 30 114 88 728 144 936 271 105 265 777

American ---------------------------------------------------- 316 691 22 699 30 722 39 377 48 993 156 379 46 290 426 740 752 901

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 4 359 1 469 1 077 3 354 12 913 12 783 1 643 45 274 6 621

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 335 131 44 161 34 71 31 388 95

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 17 860 7 780 6 503 9 662 118 857 30 768 6 260 155 531 20 308

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 65 0 6 20 257 201 12 688 51

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 252 31 62 60 48 207 50 517 689

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 22 28 0 11 267 32 7 113 23

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 3 013 1 040 3 709 752 355 7 886 664 10 503 1 747

United States------------------------------------------------- 12 952 1 458 1 323 1 799 1 985 13 853 3 771 41 497 34 210

White19----------------------------------------------------- 34 484 3 669 3 766 9 093 7 417 11 325 29 880 33 624 76 652

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 52 0 6 0 0 6 0 0 17

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 67 918 12 369 14 494 20 711 14 963 105 831 16 118 431 474 63 639

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 569 213 51 238 90 353 91 206 77 320 568 460 124 805 1 556 551 1 037 704

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 23
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

North

Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

South

Dakota Tennessee

Total ---------------------------------------------- 638 800 10 847 115 3 145 585 2 842 321 11 881 643 1 003 464 3 486 703 696 004 4 877 185

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian ------------------------------------------------- 19 868 47 292 607 49 86 9 141

Austrian2 ------------------------------------------------ 1 178 29 810 3 379 9 582 63 060 2 695 3 166 1 390 3 714

Basque -------------------------------------------------- 11 203 105 2 257 250 24 48 30 91

Basque, French ------------------------------------------ 0 33 0 172 23 0 4 0 2

Basque, Spanish ----------------------------------------- 0 15 23 298 13 0 14 8 14

Basque, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 11 155 82 1 787 214 24 30 22 75

Bavarian ------------------------------------------------- 18 226 57 92 213 0 31 24 53

Belgian3 ------------------------------------------------- 441 3 085 589 1 862 4 804 554 247 621 595

British--------------------------------------------------- 853 41 342 11 932 19 028 36 845 3 181 15 548 1 040 24 044

Celtic --------------------------------------------------- 45 1 028 176 1 048 895 117 199 60 566

Comish -------------------------------------------------- 0 99 52 110 158 0 20 0 2

Cypriot -------------------------------------------------- 0 74 0 6 129 0 29 7 29

Cypriot, Greek ------------------------------------------- 0 35 0 6 62 0 0 0 21

Cypriot, Turkish ------------------------------------------ 0 000 0000 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 0 39 0 0 67 0 29 7 8

Danish -------------------------------------------------- 10 801 21 602 9 938 47 806 20 875 1 978 5 307 23 456 7 449

Dutch --------------------------------------------------- 10 459 310 765 140 457 118 089 354 656 6 933 55 860 36 844 125 571

English -------------------------------------------------- 39 015 1 449 303 441 391 575 183 1 274 665 161 001 436 149 68 345 691 508

Finnish -------------------------------------------------- 3 807 21 044 1 844 22 977 8 612 1 562 1 849 3 468 2 488

Flemish -------------------------------------------------- 20 442 125 373 351 62 70 19 80

French4 -------------------------------------------------- 27 901 360 151 118 804 160 967 263 960 134 128 87 527 24 490 113 713

German5------------------------------------------------- 324 929 4 067 840 714 184 878 555 4 314 762 73 425 500 089 355 102 724 059

Greek6 -------------------------------------------------- 608 49 496 4 451 8 535 55 158 6 208 8 119 905 7 061

Icelander------------------------------------------------- 3 161 590 155 1 200 523 185 127 209 176

Irish7 --------------------------------------------------- 53 678 1 896 231 641 733 466 887 2 255 867 213 653 485 804 87 657 875 155

Italian8 -------------------------------------------------- 4 255 637 143 44 951 83 093 1 372 904 199 028 56 291 6 110 73 079

Luxemburger---------------------------------------------- 419 867 253 606 401 65 108 1 242 141

Maltese ------------------------------------------------- 36 294 55 107 388 104 87 19 88

Manx --------------------------------------------------- 21 632 57 208 124 6 7 0 0

Northern Irish --------------------------------------------- 6 112 1 20 276 31 45 8 50

Norwegian ----------------------------------------------- 189 106 31 911 17 401 124 216 31 146 4 010 9 170 106 361 12 098

Portuguese ----------------------------------------------- 256 6 151 2 612 11 369 12 770 94 650 2 252 422 2 002

Azores Islander ------------------------------------------ 0 24 0 67 12 508 9 0 0

Madeira Islander ----------------------------------------- 0 000 7400 0

Portuguese, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------- 256 6 127 2 612 11 302 12 751 94 138 2 243 422 2 002

Prussian ------------------------------------------------- 53 1 075 364 540 827 48 197 179 288

Saxon--------------------------------------------------- 0 1 147 65 57 378 0 46 0 102

Scandinavian ---------------------------------------------- 11 074 9 046 4 305 28 021 7 499 924 3 874 7 790 4 437

Scotch-Irish9 ---------------------------------------------- 8 262 217 478 95 508 95 336 270 299 13 638 159 534 9 980 197 942

Scottish ------------------------------------------------- 8 557 224 351 59 409 110 314 223 544 24 144 77 111 8 472 100 080

Sicilian -------------------------------------------------- 46 3 274 142 688 1 936 162 210 46 260

Swedish ------------------------------------------------- 35 933 87 475 32 638 124 620 126 255 22 373 18 534 33 421 27 552

Swiss --------------------------------------------------- 2 036 88 523 7 474 30 984 68 919 1 459 5 546 3 431 10 252

Tirol ---------------------------------------------------- 0 141 0 0 3 496 15 8 7 8

Welsh --------------------------------------------------- 1 697 165 494 21 894 40 781 221 964 3 253 17 190 4 034 28 745

West German --------------------------------------------- 0 99 77 29 206 9 41 0 38

Western European* ----------------------------------------- 55 1 092 204 1 361 1 104 37 337 26 627

Other Western European, n.e.c. ------------------------------- 6 31 27 69 12 15 25 4 4

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ------------------------------------------------- 15 1 107 22 139 2 538 223 52 0 187

Belorussian ----------------------------------------------- 0 146 19 99 233 24 0 0 16

Bulgarian ------------------------------------------------ 175 2 408 277 768 1 010 105 117 109 183

Carpath Rusyn -------------------------------------------- 0 620 15 2 3 701 0 0 0 0

Central European------------------------------------------- 4 183 16 37 266 18 49 17 8

Croatian ------------------------------------------------- 246 59 315 2 592 3 804 78 750 461 4 585 281 4 677

Czech10-------------------------------------------------- 15 298 67 389 15 215 16 470 29 528 1 262 3 183 18 593 4 876

Czechoslovakian ------------------------------------------- 1 565 15 864 3 451 5 202 16 453 640 1 087 1 383 1 524

Estonian ------------------------------------------------- 115 852 47 641 727 56 194 10 110

European* ----------------------------------------------- 327 10 902 5 156 16 311 10 705 1 017 4 958 915 8 043

German Russian/ Volga -------------------------------------- 228 441 222 127 313 0 67 37 45

Hungarian ------------------------------------------------ 3 005 218 145 3 797 10 776 152 863 2 902 6 111 1 361 7 349

Latvian -------------------------------------------------- 64 3 973 338 1 197 4 847 377 252 115 623

Lithuanian ------------------------------------------------ 383 29 840 2 090 4 341 103 272 4 580 2 673 256 3 252

Macedonian ---------------------------------------------- 9 3 452 38 135 808 66 28 17 21

Moravian ------------------------------------------------ 4 98 24 47 82 25 7 14 21

Northern European* ---------------------------------------- 219 1 271 509 2 724 1 153 161 406 797 862

Polish --------------------------------------------------- 17 320 442 226 29 519 48 414 882 348 47 227 29 762 9 139 35 325

Rom ---------------------------------------------------- 18 224 143 206 226 13 16 17 169

Romanian ------------------------------------------------ 339 25 950 860 4 439 17 755 1 102 936 226 1 361

Russian11 ------------------------------------------------ 18 544 81 618 7 580 28 735 215 841 12 412 6 483 7 322 10 622

Ruthenian ------------------------------------------------ 0 417 15 0 1 235 0 15 0 19

Serbian -------------------------------------------------- 27 15 545 160 466 19 913 7 262 22 354

Slavic* -------------------------------------------------- 85 4 165 298 917 8 654 192 382 78 345

Slovak -------------------------------------------------- 1 557 273 380 5 781 8 939 447 384 2 231 6 926 1 788 7 417

Slovene-------------------------------------------------- 24 49 598 215 343 14 584 73 290 22 256

Soviet Union ---------------------------------------------- 0 127 9 43 484 90 18 0 20

Ukrainian ------------------------------------------------ 3 634 43 569 1 969 6 220 129 753 3 530 2 266 391 2 063

Windish ------------------------------------------------- 0 17 9 0 2 827 0 7 0 0

Yugoslavian* --------------------------------------------- 272 13 172 652 4 968 10 446 251 769 360 694

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c.------------------- 8 2 876 95 871 9 212 519 356 14 522

24 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

North

Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

South

Dakota Tennessee

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND

SPAIN

Argentinean ---------------------------------------------- 0 544 162 251 1 206 153 107 14 189

Bolivian-------------------------------------------------- 0 153 108 132 284 361 65 0 47

Central American* ------------------------------------------ 0 107 14 25 21 0 0 0 19

Chilean -------------------------------------------------- 4 409 121 448 923 146 165 62 158

Colombian------------------------------------------------ 152 1 584 780 722 5 124 4 617 888 44 452

Costa Rican----------------------------------------------- 0 423 138 381 712 13 127 9 94

Cuban--------------------------------------------------- 70 2 826 905 1 197 6 365 811 1 204 34 1 602

Dominican------------------------------------------------ 2 840 254 186 4 236 8 902 544 10 393

Ecuadorian ----------------------------------------------- 28 515 163 148 1 453 457 292 6 166

Guatemalan ---------------------------------------------- 14 770 277 992 636 3 463 118 12 125

Hispanic* ------------------------------------------------ 287 7 884 3 847 6 957 15 632 1 537 1 307 429 1 438

Honduran ------------------------------------------------ 65 503 359 404 822 152 322 19 234

Latin American* ------------------------------------------- 6 381 132 236 552 29 91 0 188

Mexican ------------------------------------------------- 2 311 50 725 53 069 71 680 20 913 1 994 8 316 2 951 11 997

Nicaraguan ----------------------------------------------- 3 370 100 412 723 130 151 0 200

Panamanian ---------------------------------------------- 42 814 711 346 1 384 170 625 115 505

Paraguayan----------------------------------------------- 0 66 18 13 77 0 21 0 0

Peruvian ------------------------------------------------- 12 1 080 486 612 1 442 440 192 9 306

Puerto Rican ---------------------------------------------- 263 35 644 3 444 2 180 97 817 8 366 4 282 259 3 112

Salvadoran ----------------------------------------------- 30 615 312 800 925 826 119 12 90

South American*------------------------------------------- 0 94 39 38 303 18 123 0 29

Spaniard12 ----------------------------------------------- 47 2 056 1 329 1 745 4 003 301 817 117 939

Spanish* ------------------------------------------------- 1 158 26 408 13 880 18 692 35 494 3 679 8 497 1 296 9 242

Uruguayan ----------------------------------------------- 0 13 38 16 85 32 22 0 28

Venezuelan ----------------------------------------------- 6 416 233 148 658 162 146 0 244

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 0 12 4 0 94 0 29 0 33

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ------------------------------------------------- 0 10 18 23 161 47 58 0 6

Brazilian ------------------------------------------------- 36 531 235 394 1 512 529 298 6 236

Guyanese ------------------------------------------------ 0 476 70 60 619 69 73 0 98

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. ------------------------ 0 5 8 0 24 0 0 0 0

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian ------------------------------------------------ 23 154 68 71 218 5 147 5 265

Barbadian ------------------------------------------------ 0 114 31 26 761 72 75 8 18

Bermudan ------------------------------------------------ 5 88 7 11 246 47 37 0 37

British West Indian ----------------------------------------- 0 128 30 9 625 77 42 2 113

Antigua and Barbuda -------------------------------------- 0 30 7 9 147 0 19 0 4

Grenadian ---------------------------------------------- 0 24 4 0 252 14 0 0 31

Kitts-Nevis Islander---------------------------------------- 0 19 7 0 51 0 0 0 8

St. Lucia Islander ----------------------------------------- 0 16 7 0 21 0 13 0 14

Vincent-Grenadine Islander ---------------------------------- 0 0 5 0 49 37 0 0 6

British West Indian, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 0 39 0 0 105 26 10 2 50

Dutch West Indian------------------------------------------ 32 539 23 465 604 152 21 220 27 2 139

Haitian -------------------------------------------------- 25 703 208 195 2 253 958 300 8 166

Jamaican ------------------------------------------------ 67 3 841 332 223 10 191 483 1 135 29 1 150

Trinidadian and Tobagonian ----------------------------------- 0 469 179 4 1 509 147 189 10 189

US Virgin Islander ------------------------------------------ 0 65 30 17 106 6 47 0 49

West Indian* --------------------------------------------- 18 1 499 414 357 3 427 332 752 16 594

Other West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------ 0 35 22 25 67 0 20 0 47

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian ------------------------------------------------- 0 116 64 36 69 0 7 4 8

Arab* --------------------------------------------------- 26 5 340 790 866 2 893 380 608 49 1 085

Armenian ------------------------------------------------ 174 2 948 401 1 308 6 763 6 345 455 82 540

Assyrian ------------------------------------------------- 6 159 14 139 322 57 55 26 107

Egyptian ------------------------------------------------- 28 1 654 328 255 2 071 306 279 63 453

Iranian -------------------------------------------------- 117 3 399 2 494 2 208 3 214 378 570 150 1 902

Iraqi ---------------------------------------------------- 28 267 74 104 299 9 11 32 149

Israeli --------------------------------------------------- 13 1 158 167 249 2 722 194 198 9 244

Jordanian ------------------------------------------------ 26 723 153 43 431 78 118 16 203

Lebanese------------------------------------------------- 563 27 226 4 308 2 611 19 234 2 666 3 732 717 2 837

Middle Eastern* ------------------------------------------- 25 96 42 67 176 6 39 0 99

Moroccan ------------------------------------------------ 5 449 66 142 1 097 41 180 0 18

Palestinian ----------------------------------------------- 20 2 436 181 317 821 44 140 24 464

Saudi Arabian --------------------------------------------- 0 75 83 152 240 21 0 41 57

Syrian--------------------------------------------------- 204 6 145 732 1 350 12 591 2 796 637 300 700

Turkish -------------------------------------------------- 80 2 147 459 673 2 430 399 828 70 529

Yemeni -------------------------------------------------- 0 42 0 34 77 15 7 9 46

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. ------------------ 59 336 85 310 248 8 17 7 310

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ------------------------------------------------- 66 8 035 1 604 1 109 8 367 1 179 3 390 133 2 980

Cape Verdean --------------------------------------------- 0 214 44 19 346 10 080 78 0 81

Eritrean-------------------------------------------------- 0 196 20 11 37 9 0 0 0

Ethiopian13 ----------------------------------------------- 0 2 19 6 16 0 0 0 6

Ghanian ------------------------------------------------- 0 215 215 24 400 67 103 0 76

Kenyan -------------------------------------------------- 0 245 7 109 96 9 0 0 54

Liberian-------------------------------------------------- 0 251 49 9 364 611 20 0 87

Nigerian ------------------------------------------------- 147 2 329 1 132 541 1 984 508 1 582 128 1 082

Sierra Leonean -------------------------------------------- 0 150 0 10 211 0 0 0 24

South African* -------------------------------------------- 0 630 52 116 649 14 149 0 202

Sudanese ------------------------------------------------ 0 37 0 14 241 0 45 0 0

Ugandan ------------------------------------------------- 0 133 0 23 48 5 112 0 0

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c. ------------------------------ 0 309 131 164 898 108 96 29 89

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 25
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

North

Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania

Rhode

Island

South

Carolina

South

Dakota Tennessee

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan ---------------------------------------------- 0 100 11 272 561 0 46 0 120

Asian Indian ---------------------------------------------- 428 17 633 3 810 2 726 19 769 1 227 3 500 214 4 551

Bangladeshi ---------------------------------------------- 0 191 108 16 293 16 20 0 73

Nepali--------------------------------------------------- 0 76 20 88 101 0 0 0 0

Pakastani ------------------------------------------------ 59 1 683 610 333 1 924 116 182 71 470

Sri Lankan ----------------------------------------------- 0 341 26 211 713 26 24 0 54

Other South Asian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------ 0 600 0000 0

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* ---------------------------------------------- 92 471 135 286 475 43 173 32 168

Asian* -------------------------------------------------- 33 2 006 764 680 2 232 325 670 102 990

Burmese ------------------------------------------------- 0 250 3 72 184 19 7 10 42

Cambodian14---------------------------------------------- 74 2 165 451 2 255 4 155 3 417 248 54 953

Cantonese------------------------------------------------ 0 40 10 196 290 103 24 0 5

Chinese15 ------------------------------------------------ 364 16 829 5 178 14 796 25 908 3 037 2 872 410 5 048

Eurasian* ------------------------------------------------ 3 210 93 284 309 40 83 17 76

Filipino -------------------------------------------------- 934 12 726 3 689 9 114 14 474 2 032 6 028 824 3 901

Hmong -------------------------------------------------- 5 243 76 516 359 970 6 0 26

Hong Kong ----------------------------------------------- 0 74 13 65 112 11 12 0 17

Indonesian ----------------------------------------------- 33 659 313 1 239 746 52 57 25 155

Japanese ------------------------------------------------ 560 13 999 4 272 14 142 10 151 1 010 3 279 458 4 735

Khmer -------------------------------------------------- 0 41 0 5 104 8 0 0 0

Korean -------------------------------------------------- 687 13 041 5 459 9 355 25 800 1 293 3 198 686 5 063

Laotian -------------------------------------------------- 42 2 053 821 3 287 1 928 2 040 393 89 2 494

Malaysian------------------------------------------------ 14 861 322 192 397 72 176 98 454

Mongolian------------------------------------------------ 0 84 10 8 311 11 0 6 28

Okinawan ------------------------------------------------ 2 162 54 92 117 0 26 7 0

Singaporean ---------------------------------------------- 33 50 8 34 11 0 42 24 38

Taiwanese------------------------------------------------ 127 3 032 1 010 939 4 625 300 450 53 1 266

Thai ---------------------------------------------------- 159 1 965 1 087 1 144 1 889 348 965 138 784

Vietnamese ----------------------------------------------- 256 4 121 6 248 8 130 14 126 587 1 379 389 1 921

Other Asian, n.e.c.----------------------------------------- 0 29 6 55 14 6 5 0 5

PACIFIC

Australian ------------------------------------------------ 25 1 489 410 1 429 1 483 170 379 85 478

Chamorro ------------------------------------------------ 0 49 27 131 29 0 41 0 25

Fijian---------------------------------------------------- 0 0 9 256 38 0 0 0 0

Guamanian ----------------------------------------------- 14 209 329 746 367 11 230 33 322

Hawaiian------------------------------------------------- 86 1 225 983 3 437 1 900 158 799 155 885

Micronesian ---------------------------------------------- 8 11 8 297 52 0 18 0 37

New Zealander -------------------------------------------- 7 54 25 250 153 15 17 48 50

Pacific Islander* ------------------------------------------- 10 121 100 234 76 8 136 8 81

Polynesian------------------------------------------------ 36 178 95 292 126 25 110 10 119

Samoan ------------------------------------------------- 16 106 128 488 206 0 108 0 236

Tongan -------------------------------------------------- 0 14 7 181 55 0 0 8 0

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 16 163 64 460 84 0 101 10 53

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun--------------------------------------------- 49 2 614 3 957 1 061 1 649 96 5 086 65 5 498

Afro-American16 ------------------------------------------- 3 082 997 269 194 597 38 914 893 892 21 098 869 786 2 613 674 249

Aleut --------------------------------------------------- 3 120 55 439 25 23 9 0 25

American Indian17 ------------------------------------------ 26 597 383 689 468 588 141 079 166 847 12 731 117 321 46 998 302 454

American ------------------------------------------------ 9 669 512 979 257 655 98 355 287 304 19 137 347 488 12 191 653 143

Canadian18 ----------------------------------------------- 438 13 508 2 306 10 553 11 325 5 338 3 438 504 3 970

Eskimo -------------------------------------------------- 15 231 195 694 197 79 47 86 105

French Canadian ------------------------------------------- 4 194 38 709 10 961 29 161 31 007 72 747 9 923 3 288 11 272

Newfoundland --------------------------------------------- 1 69 0 25 201 38 19 9 18

North American* ------------------------------------------- 0 327 174 102 215 33 425 19 689

Nova Scotian --------------------------------------------- 3 60 16 76 84 83 5 0 8

Pennsylvania German --------------------------------------- 518 24 872 1 810 3 556 143 008 182 797 773 1 160

United States --------------------------------------------- 325 27 685 8 559 4 895 22 295 1 824 15 882 336 27 690

White19-------------------------------------------------- 661 45 819 53 971 27 747 23 122 3 308 40 027 1 685 66 823

Other North America, n.e.c. ---------------------------------- 0 740 0000 0

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20------------------------- 2 636 219 731 40 140 61 015 138 575 11 329 27 035 5 421 64 718

Not reported---------------------------------------------- 20 484 942 442 465 868 260 154 844 962 59 999 564 832 39 267 858 098

26 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

Total ------------------------------------------------- 16 986 510 1 722 850 562 758 6 187 358 4 866 692 1 793 477 4 891 769 453 588

WESTERN EUROPE (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Alsatian----------------------------------------------------- 2 673 29 48 456 292 33 344 12

Austrian2---------------------------------------------------- 23 447 3 903 1 913 14 886 18 430 1 993 25 396 1 742

Basque ----------------------------------------------------- 1 248 1 422 2 403 1 770 9 101 602

Basque, French --------------------------------------------- 98 148 0 19 145 0 8 146

Basque, Spanish -------------------------------------------- 238 261 0 59 154 0 8 21

Basque, n.e.c. --------------------------------------------- 912 1 013 2 325 1 471 9 85 435

Bavarian ---------------------------------------------------- 204 12 23 151 140 40 327 0

Belgian3----------------------------------------------------- 3 285 425 175 1 564 2 862 399 25 345 160

British ------------------------------------------------------ 76 861 24 527 2 798 49 823 35 509 7 073 9 961 2 001

Celtic ------------------------------------------------------- 2 258 268 132 1 109 1 262 235 246 16

Comish ----------------------------------------------------- 100 46 3 27 236 25 922 10

Cypriot ----------------------------------------------------- 76 0 10 234 53 0 8 0

Cypriot, Greek ---------------------------------------------- 27 0 8 141 12 0 6 0

Cypriot, Turkish --------------------------------------------- 0 000002 0

Cypriot, n.e.c. ---------------------------------------------- 49 0 2 93 41 0 0 0

Danish------------------------------------------------------ 47 655 163 048 2 386 18 374 82 215 1 332 80 791 10 889

Dutch ------------------------------------------------------ 324 375 55 770 9 923 117 477 179 310 74 877 162 466 15 648

English------------------------------------------------------ 2 023 901 749 665 147 384 1 050 605 897 190 269 798 410 016 101 398

Finnish------------------------------------------------------ 12 634 3 718 1 968 6 770 44 110 452 35 118 2 408

Flemish ----------------------------------------------------- 755 127 61 595 477 50 818 55

French4 ----------------------------------------------------- 571 175 53 902 132 574 178 732 265 350 40 125 239 004 21 762

German5 ---------------------------------------------------- 2 949 686 299 414 59 090 1 186 056 1 389 914 468 927 2 630 680 158 469

Greek6------------------------------------------------------ 31 048 10 439 1 842 23 390 18 275 4 325 14 366 1 681

Icelander ---------------------------------------------------- 1 147 2 970 44 814 5 976 106 809 44

Irish7------------------------------------------------------- 2 368 863 136 645 100 839 888 908 768 293 348 448 612 358 72 941

Italian8 ----------------------------------------------------- 312 294 45 857 32 428 207 023 156 943 71 684 144 249 13 084

Luxemburger ------------------------------------------------- 704 39 5 564 1 171 22 7 288 99

Maltese ----------------------------------------------------- 702 84 45 360 237 7 163 21

Manx ------------------------------------------------------ 245 108 18 135 292 16 158 10

Northern Irish ------------------------------------------------ 95 27 8 199 100 3 13 10

Norwegian --------------------------------------------------- 94 096 36 178 3 537 35 815 333 521 2 598 416 271 18 047

Portuguese -------------------------------------------------- 13 304 1 954 1 859 10 818 13 215 487 1 769 882

Azores Islander---------------------------------------------- 60 13 0 54 57 7 4 0

Madeira Islander--------------------------------------------- 7 006800 0

Portuguese, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------- 13 237 1 941 1 859 10 758 13 150 480 1 765 882

Prussian----------------------------------------------------- 1 388 377 24 581 1 046 49 1 367 67

Saxon ------------------------------------------------------ 246 23 6 129 107 13 38 0

Scandinavian ------------------------------------------------- 22 201 34 106 1 044 10 366 64 179 958 24 491 3 830

Scotch-Irish9-------------------------------------------------- 495 886 24 292 12 286 195 722 154 566 54 222 43 582 15 227

Scottish ----------------------------------------------------- 306 854 89 463 30 588 166 959 182 690 34 173 58 589 17 097

Sicilian------------------------------------------------------ 1 452 151 207 554 803 151 1 926 24

Swedish----------------------------------------------------- 155 193 103 715 10 113 56 040 257 953 6 856 159 216 20 885

Swiss ------------------------------------------------------ 32 304 31 737 1 902 19 451 36 795 3 956 65 915 3 401

Tirol ------------------------------------------------------- 35 58 0 100 18 0 58 45

Welsh ------------------------------------------------------ 95 447 48 070 7 081 54 891 69 094 16 896 29 895 6 674

West German ------------------------------------------------ 202 27 8 89 115 4 50 7

Western European* -------------------------------------------- 3 435 629 196 1 343 2 271 214 595 165

Other Western European, n.e.c.----------------------------------- 142 0 0 26 124 7 61 19

EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET UNION

Albanian ---------------------------------------------------- 539 137 101 533 339 12 772 0

Belorussian -------------------------------------------------- 39 0 0 45 44 7 61 0

Bulgarian---------------------------------------------------- 867 275 38 355 969 155 547 148

Carpath Rusyn ------------------------------------------------ 41 0 0 103 48 46 7 0

Central European ---------------------------------------------- 81 22 30 75 110 0 102 0

Croatian ---------------------------------------------------- 15 742 1 446 249 7 543 10 430 4 215 22 391 746

Czech10 ----------------------------------------------------- 166 814 3 373 1 555 13 555 23 873 1 936 104 155 3 745

Czechoslovakian----------------------------------------------- 23 731 1 108 551 5 144 7 922 851 8 887 790

Estonian ---------------------------------------------------- 642 107 93 461 1 255 19 336 36

European* --------------------------------------------------- 23 825 11 711 2 080 14 593 23 897 1 511 5 310 1 898

German Russian/ Volga------------------------------------------ 333 24 0 289 595 15 343 20

Hungarian --------------------------------------------------- 31 884 2 944 3 102 25 178 16 797 9 248 25 385 1 374

Latvian ----------------------------------------------------- 2 279 172 179 1 806 2 926 168 3 003 127

Lithuanian --------------------------------------------------- 14 034 1 118 1 579 13 375 8 530 2 225 16 790 332

Macedonian-------------------------------------------------- 279 0 34 150 177 45 256 13

Moravian---------------------------------------------------- 1 209 9 23 57 61 0 123 0

Northern European* -------------------------------------------- 2 840 935 447 1 643 5 772 141 853 260

Polish ------------------------------------------------------ 237 557 14 832 17 475 115 121 95 828 30 864 505 808 9 764

Rom ------------------------------------------------------- 246 0 2 57 275 45 31 14

Romanian --------------------------------------------------- 7 564 943 412 4 633 5 124 749 2 651 169

Russian11---------------------------------------------------- 55 602 4 401 5 743 42 578 41 395 5 022 33 289 2 969

Ruthenian --------------------------------------------------- 59 31 3 92 22 23 6 0

Serbian ----------------------------------------------------- 2 181 220 55 1 563 1 195 1 365 5 715 85

Slavic* ----------------------------------------------------- 2 120 532 206 1 446 2 592 255 2 597 321

Slovak ------------------------------------------------------ 48 463 4 167 1 641 31 604 18 892 11 267 45 769 2 872

Slovene ----------------------------------------------------- 2 254 289 45 1 125 1 132 423 6 478 295

Soviet Union ------------------------------------------------- 119 8 26 146 112 6 19 0

Ukrainian ---------------------------------------------------- 13 094 1 062 978 12 321 10 814 1 514 6 783 405

Windish ----------------------------------------------------- 66 006900 0

Yugoslavian* ------------------------------------------------- 4 943 3 095 233 2 523 12 726 887 6 177 1 024

Other Eastern European and Soviet Union, n.e.c. ---------------------- 2 444 178 545 2 957 1 293 84 960 16

DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES 27
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (HISPANIC GROUPS) AND SPAIN

Argentinean -------------------------------------------------- 2 448 332 50 1 350 486 19 181 20

Bolivian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 499 224 17 5 385 272 15 186 7

Central American* --------------------------------------------- 824 0 0 94 16 0 16 0

Chilean ----------------------------------------------------- 2 442 649 11 2 195 896 103 288 0

Colombian --------------------------------------------------- 15 669 666 140 4 078 1 091 127 910 25

Costa Rican -------------------------------------------------- 2 664 233 25 870 324 17 354 0

Cuban ------------------------------------------------------ 17 758 497 209 5 851 1 723 256 1 444 18

Dominican --------------------------------------------------- 3 875 114 71 2 318 457 187 359 13

Ecuadorian--------------------------------------------------- 4 033 159 37 2 564 485 62 125 6

Guatemalan -------------------------------------------------- 10 732 612 15 3 850 560 13 204 3

Hispanic* ---------------------------------------------------- 254 202 6 708 151 7 779 14 834 352 3 405 2 038

Honduran---------------------------------------------------- 9 614 216 43 1 561 320 47 135 35

Latin American* ----------------------------------------------- 9 909 136 24 660 302 11 137 12

Mexican ---------------------------------------------------- 3 403 368 45 675 635 28 375 128 472 2 157 51 339 13 725

Nicaraguan -------------------------------------------------- 7 562 115 7 2 821 502 18 386 22

Panamanian-------------------------------------------------- 5 566 258 30 3 000 1 054 39 266 34

Paraguayan -------------------------------------------------- 240 35 2 218 38 0 18 0

Peruvian ---------------------------------------------------- 6 135 829 49 6 105 1 196 41 306 17

Puerto Rican ------------------------------------------------- 37 517 1 656 437 17 453 6 816 470 15 493 360

Salvadoran -------------------------------------------------- 53 077 629 9 21 170 1 314 122 256 24

South American* ---------------------------------------------- 375 103 9 316 174 24 32 13

Spaniard12--------------------------------------------------- 31 226 2 804 125 3 600 3 488 292 648 529

Spanish* ---------------------------------------------------- 186 758 21 075 2 525 30 357 33 319 4 921 9 265 7 367

Uruguayan--------------------------------------------------- 629 97 0 315 67 6 27 0

Venezuelan -------------------------------------------------- 3 295 147 28 912 281 26 143 19

Other Hispanic, n.e.c. ------------------------------------------ 274 0 0 98 17 12 27 0

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Belizean ---------------------------------------------------- 793 6 0 89 60 7 22 0

Brazilian ---------------------------------------------------- 2 147 386 57 1 382 614 59 233 11

Guyanese --------------------------------------------------- 904 0 2 660 139 0 83 0

Other Central and South American, n.e.c. --------------------------- 59 0 0 9 35 0 7 0

WEST INDIES (NON-HISPANIC GROUPS)

Bahamian --------------------------------------------------- 336 3 2 237 93 0 77 0

Barbadian --------------------------------------------------- 466 12 6 315 50 14 40 0

Bermudan --------------------------------------------------- 132 8 13 237 107 16 39 0

British West Indian -------------------------------------------- 999 22 0 268 146 4 35 0

Antigua and Barbuda ----------------------------------------- 289 8 0 51 11 0 6 0

Grenadian-------------------------------------------------- 265 0 0 23 37 0 0 0

Kitts-Nevis Islander ------------------------------------------- 22 7 0 22 0 0 0 0

St. Lucia Islander -------------------------------------------- 258 0 0 65 0 0 22 0

Vincent-Grenadine Islander-------------------------------------- 58 7 0 11 16 0 0 0

British West Indian, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 107 0 0 96 82 4 7 0

Dutch West Indian --------------------------------------------- 16 713 81 0 217 366 233 80 41

Haitian ----------------------------------------------------- 1 673 63 64 1 398 228 64 97 0

Jamaican ---------------------------------------------------- 7 500 102 113 4 975 1 482 260 1 443 36

Trinidadian and Tobagonian -------------------------------------- 2 018 6 17 737 168 0 159 0

US Virgin Islander --------------------------------------------- 429 0 0 216 49 0 33 0

West Indian* ------------------------------------------------- 4 513 86 63 2 787 877 67 245 12

Other West Indian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 137 0 0 84 32 0 30 0

NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

Algerian----------------------------------------------------- 264 0 0 121 64 5 9 0

Arab* ------------------------------------------------------ 7 067 404 55 4 122 1 725 256 1 139 34

Armenian---------------------------------------------------- 3 183 928 419 4 078 2 269 139 2 771 55

Assyrian ---------------------------------------------------- 453 16 9 220 211 20 114 0

Egyptian ---------------------------------------------------- 3 146 94 55 2 462 588 122 421 0

Iranian------------------------------------------------------ 13 639 1 458 144 9 858 3 629 362 1 261 61

Iraqi ------------------------------------------------------- 495 43 0 570 202 13 9 0

Israeli ------------------------------------------------------ 2 114 134 93 856 448 33 390 6

Jordanian --------------------------------------------------- 1 498 66 0 660 235 8 194 0

Lebanese ---------------------------------------------------- 21 934 1 534 1 359 10 692 3 784 4 178 2 827 142

Middle Eastern* ----------------------------------------------- 469 0 10 248 122 0 50 6

Moroccan --------------------------------------------------- 554 89 16 1 076 97 8 165 5

Palestinian --------------------------------------------------- 2 944 105 12 2 170 451 76 735 8

Saudi Arabian ------------------------------------------------ 413 0 5 363 185 30 72 12

Syrian ------------------------------------------------------ 5 322 315 173 2 248 1 189 806 878 49

Turkish ----------------------------------------------------- 3 273 317 74 2 673 1 683 368 649 28

Yemeni ----------------------------------------------------- 73 7 0 90 32 14 0 0

Other North Africian and Southwest Asian, n.e.c. --------------------- 608 73 16 434 234 19 195 0

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

African* ---------------------------------------------------- 13 629 488 210 7 112 2 795 423 1 845 110

Cape Verdean ------------------------------------------------ 264 20 23 387 51 0 10 0

Eritrean ----------------------------------------------------- 196 0 0 355 223 0 34 0

Ethiopian13--------------------------------------------------- 6 0 5 59 23 0 10 0

Ghanian----------------------------------------------------- 925 11 4 1 048 172 5 79 0

Kenyan ----------------------------------------------------- 531 0 0 162 94 0 13 0

Liberian ----------------------------------------------------- 404 0 2 382 0 0 40 0

Nigerian----------------------------------------------------- 13 153 280 13 2 210 772 247 1 379 102

Sierra Leonean------------------------------------------------ 416 0 0 405 39 6 20 0

South African* ----------------------------------------------- 1 786 93 3 437 236 10 102 0

Sudanese---------------------------------------------------- 92 17 0 307 49 0 65 8

Ugandan ---------------------------------------------------- 138 8 0 109 46 5 29 0

Other Subsaharan African, n.e.c.---------------------------------- 1 252 47 12 772 380 18 286 0

28 DETAILED ANCESTRY GROUPS FOR STATES
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Table 3. Persons Who Reported at Least One Specific Ancestry Group: 1990mCon.

United States

Region

Division

State

State

Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

SOUTH ASIA

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------- 1 145 29 7 4 814 696 2 65 24

Asian Indian ------------------------------------------------- 40 506 1 306 259 14 937 6 973 1 925 4 133 82

Bangladeshi -------------------------------------------------- 528 27 2 363 14 60 100 0

Nepali ------------------------------------------------------ 113 2 0 55 38 0 69 0

Pakastani---------------------------------------------------- 8 921 132 87 5 278 715 367 722 129

Sri Lankan --------------------------------------------------- 649 33 0 405 124 41 156 6

Other South Asian, n.e.c. --------------------------------------- 0 0 0 12 6 0 0 0

OTHER ASIA

Amerasian* -------------------------------------------------- 1 056 104 23 667 834 72 168 20

Asian*------------------------------------------------------ 7 585 263 147 3 696 2 957 344 909 70

Burmese ---------------------------------------------------- 285 63 4 311 129 25 24 2

Cambodian14 ------------------------------------------------- 5 659 1 050 33 3 761 10 074 24 444 37

Cantonese --------------------------------------------------- 575 32 8 159 331 16 77 0

Chinese15---------------------------------------------------- 55 023 5 487 572 20 857 33 954 1 248 7 147 485

Eurasian* --------------------------------------------------- 499 189 20 346 600 26 71 22

Filipino------------------------------------------------------ 40 053 2 983 405 35 605 49 222 1 624 4 942 594

Hmong ----------------------------------------------------- 133 155 0 7 779 0 15 942 0

Hong Kong -------------------------------------------------- 262 10 6 26 59 0 42 0

Indonesian --------------------------------------------------- 1 555 288 56 894 1 088 46 404 13

Japanese ---------------------------------------------------- 23 729 8 455 536 12 385 43 378 1 257 4 235 875

Khmer ------------------------------------------------------ 113 6 0 128 236 10 18 0

Korean ----------------------------------------------------- 35 281 3 215 798 32 362 32 918 955 6 499 378

Laotian ----------------------------------------------------- 9 157 1 678 137 2 321 5 370 45 5 297 6

Malaysian --------------------------------------------------- 1 650 40 19 1 117 762 15 324 39

Mongolian --------------------------------------------------- 277 0 11 148 38 12 43 0

Okinawan --------------------------------------------------- 275 10 4 178 164 0 41 0

Singaporean ------------------------------------------------- 176 9 0 34 22 0 77 7

Taiwanese --------------------------------------------------- 13 080 567 93 3 527 3 541 292 985 44

Thai-------------------------------------------------------- 7 930 831 49 3 997 3 269 343 539 110

Vietnamese -------------------------------------------------- 60 649 2 540 177 20 271 17 004 133 2 324 84

Other Asian, n.e.c. -------------------------------------------- 97 7 0 31 293 0 29 0

PACIFIC

Australian --------------------------------------------------- 2 677 1 372 93 1 651 2 012 211 821 173

Chamorro --------------------------------------------------- 172 39 0 132 590 0 24 4

Fijian ------------------------------------------------------- 47 18 0 0 395 0 0 0

Guamanian -------------------------------------------------- 2 117 69 18 1 006 3 280 12 120 55

Hawaiian ---------------------------------------------------- 4 136 2 102 54 1 901 7 207 180 639 236

Micronesian -------------------------------------------------- 161 69 10 38 260 0 1 0

New Zealander ----------------------------------------------- 346 390 25 331 353 8 54 3

Pacific Islander* ----------------------------------------------- 502 140 5 333 757 31 39 23

Polynesian --------------------------------------------------- 658 831 7 119 482 5 37 4

Samoan----------------------------------------------------- 748 1 854 27 442 3 635 12 52 26

Tongan ----------------------------------------------------- 512 3 630 13 9 184 0 13 0

Other Pacific Islander, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 252 133 0 188 439 4 56 16

NORTH AMERICA

Acadian/ Cajun ------------------------------------------------ 105 982 519 74 4 581 2 504 377 593 452

Afro-American16----------------------------------------------- 1 720 618 9 288 1 611 969 899 125 060 47 174 214 538 2 732

Aleut ------------------------------------------------------- 89 25 6 69 2 165 0 67 2

American Indian17 --------------------------------------------- 815 112 43 145 28 443 201 613 190 713 109 517 76 294 21 112

American ---------------------------------------------------- 880 681 54 004 31 178 549 672 161 521 259 573 72 625 17 472

Canadian18--------------------------------------------------- 17 117 4 287 3 923 9 597 21 862 1 021 4 425 630

Eskimo ----------------------------------------------------- 339 173 19 212 1 982 43 146 16

French Canadian ---------------------------------------------- 60 277 5 607 33 049 33 641 52 725 3 296 55 442 2 885

Newfoundland ------------------------------------------------ 58 0 12 143 58 0 10 0

North American* ---------------------------------------------- 1 048 57 10 696 200 159 115 8

Nova Scotian ------------------------------------------------- 190 21 33 52 84 6 49 0

Pennsylvania German ------------------------------------------- 3 808 329 148 3 033 4 490 988 2 691 801

United States------------------------------------------------- 58 877 3 207 945 27 923 9 629 8 304 3 933 625

White19----------------------------------------------------- 249 937 15 055 4 809 56 228 50 460 14 295 8 118 3 828

Other North America, n.e.c. ------------------------------------- 33 10 0 0 12 7 2 0

OTHER GROUPS, N.E.C., NOT CLASSIFIED AND NOT REPORTED

Other groups, n.e.c. and not classified20 ---------------------------- 209 466 21 845 11 622 58 132 80 898 34 696 27 298 4 922

Not reported ------------------------------------------------- 1 557 383 119 645 43 293 815 350 396 083 304 909 236 499 37 005

Note: Some individuals reported a single ancestry group; others reported more than one group. All first (or single) and second responses were coded. Since persons who reported two ancestries were included in more than one group, the sum of persons reporting the ancestry groups is greater than the total. The ancestry data include groups that correspond to those identified separately in the race and Hispanic origin items.In the 1990 census, separate

questions were asked on race and Hispanic origin. The race item provides the primary source of data for White; Black; American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut; and Asian and Pacific Islander. The 1990 census Hispanic origin question is the primary identifier for Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban and those who indicated that they were of " other" Spanish/ Hispanic origin.

*This category represents a general type response, which may encompass several ancestry groups.

1Numbers and percents by ancestry group do not add to total because persons reporting a multiple ancestry are included in more than one group. 2Excludes Tirol. 3Excludes Flemish. 4Excludes French Basque. 5Excludes Bavarian, Prussian, Saxon and West German. 6Excludes Greek Cypriot. 7Excludes Northern Irish and Celtic. 8Excludes Sicilian. 9Includes persons who reported " Scotch-Irish." 10Excludes Moravian. 11Includes persons who reported " Rusyn," " Cossack," " Black Russian," " Great Russian," " Red Russian," " Rossiya," and " Muscovite." 12Excludes Spanish Basque. 13Excludes Eritrean. 14Excludes Khmer. 15Excludes Cantonese. 16Includes persons who reported "African American," "Afro-American," "Afro," " Black," " Negro," " Colored," " Creole," and other related groups. 17Includes persons who reported " Native American," " Centraal American Indian," " South American Indian," and " Cherokee," and other related groups. 18Excludes Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. 19Includes persons who reported " White," " Caucasian." "Anglo," " Wasp," "Appalachian," "Aryan," and other related groups. 20Includes persons who reported " Mixture," "Adopted," " Don’t know," and other unclassifiable responses, as well as responses indicating religious groups.

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APPENDIX A.

Area Classifications

CONTENTS

Census Division (See Census Region and Census Division)

Census Region and Census Division ----------------------- A–1

Division (See Census Region and Census Division)

Region (See Census Region and Census Division)

State ----------------------------------------------------- A–1

United States --------------------------------------------- A–2

These definitions are for many geographic entities and

concepts that the Census Bureau will include in its 1990

census data products. Not all entities and concepts are

shown in any one 1990 census data product. For a

description of geographic areas included in each data

product, see appendix F.

CENSUS REGION AND CENSUS DIVISION

Census Division

Census divisions are groupings of States that are subdivisions of the four census regions. There are nine

divisions, which the Census Bureau adopted in 1910 for

the presentation of data. The regions, divisions, and their

constituent States are:

Northeast Region

New England Division:

Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,

Rhode Island, Connecticut

Middle Atlantic Division:

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania

Midwest Region

East North Central Division:

Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin

West North Central Division:

Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota, South Dakota,

Nebraska, Kansas

South Region

South Atlantic Division:

Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia,

West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,

Florida

East South Central Division:

Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi

West South Central Division:

Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

West Region

Mountain Division:

Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico,

Arizona, Utah, Nevada

Pacific Division:

Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, Hawaii

Census Region

Census regions are groupings of States that subdivide

the United States for the presentation of data. There are

four regions—Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. Each

of the four census regions is divided into two or more

census divisions. Prior to 1984, the Midwest region was

named the North Central region. From 1910, when census

regions were established, through the 1940’s, there were

three regions—North, South, and West.

STATE

States are the primary governmental divisions of the

United States. The District of Columbia is treated as a

statistical equivalent of a State for census purposes. The

four census regions, nine census divisions, and their

component States are shown under ‘‘CENSUS REGION

AND CENSUS DIVISION’’ in this appendix.

The Census Bureau treats the outlying areas as State

equivalents for the 1990 census. The outlying areas are

American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands,

Palau, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands of the United

States. Geographic definitions specific to each outlying

area are shown in appendix A in the data products for each

area.

Each State and equivalent is assigned a two-digit numeric

Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) code in

alphabetical order by State name, followed by the outlying

area names. Each State and equivalent area also is

assigned a two-digit census code. This code is assigned

on the basis of the geographic sequence of each State

within each census division; the first digit of the code is the

code for the respective division. Puerto Rico, the Virgin

AREA CLASSIFICATIONS A–1
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Islands, and the outlying areas of the Pacific are assigned

‘‘0’’ as the division code. Each State and equivalent area

also is assigned the two-letter FIPS/ United States Postal

Service (USPS) code.

In 12 selected States (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey,

New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and

Wisconsin), the minor civil divisions also serve as generalpurpose local governments. The Census Bureau presents

data for these minor civil divisions in all data products in

which it provides data for places.

UNITED STATES

The United States comprises the 50 States and the

District of Columbia. In addition, the Census Bureau treats

the outlying areas as statistical equivalents of States for

the 1990 census. The outlying areas include American

Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Puerto

Rico, and the Virgin Islands.

A–2 AREA CLASSIFICATIONS
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APPENDIX B.

Definitions of Subject Characteristics

CONTENTS

Ancestry -------------------------------------------------- B–1

Relationship of Ancestry, Race, and Hispanic Origin

Questions------------------------------------------------ B–3

ANCESTRY

The data on ancestry were derived from answers to

questionnaire item 13, which was asked of a sample of

persons. The question was based on self-identification; the

data on ancestry represent self-classification by people

according to the ancestry group(s) with which they most

closely identify. Ancestry refers to a person’s ethnic origin

or descent, ‘‘roots,’’ or heritage or the place of birth of the

person or the person’s parents or ancestors before their

arrival in the United States. Some ethnic identities, such as

‘‘Lebanese’’ or ‘‘West Indian’’ can be traced to geographic

areas such as Lebanon or the West Indies; other ancestries such as ‘‘Pennsylvania German’’ or ‘‘Acadian/ Cajun’’

evolved in the United States.

The intent of the ancestry question was not to measure

the degree of attachment the respondent had to a particular ethnicity. For example, a response of ‘‘Irish’’ might

reflect total involvement in an Irish community or only a

memory of ancestors several generations removed from

the individual.

The Census Bureau coded the responses through an

automated review, edit, and coding operation. The openended write-in ancestry item was coded by subject-matter

specialists into a numeric representation using a code list

containing over 600 categories. The 1990 code list reflects

the results of the Census Bureau’s own research and

consultations with many ethnic experts. Many decisions

were made to determine the classification of responses.

These decisions affected the grouping of the tabulated

data. For example, the Assyrian category includes both

responses of Assyrian and Chaldean (see appendix G for

a full ancestry code list).

The ancestry question allowed respondents to report

one or more ancestry groups. While a large number of

respondents listed a single ancestry, just under one-third

included more than one ethnic entry. Generally, only the

first two responses reported were coded in 1990. If a

response was in terms of a dual ancestry; for example,

Irish-English, the person was assigned two codes, in this

case one code for Irish and another code for English.

However, in certain cases, multiple responses such as

‘‘French Canadian,’’ ‘‘Scotch-Irish,’’ ‘‘Greek Cypriote,’’ and

‘‘Black Dutch’’ were assigned a single code reflecting their

status as unique groups. If a person reported one of these

groups in addition to another group, for example, ‘‘ScotchIrish English,’’ resulting in three terms, that person received

one code for the unique group (‘‘Scotch-Irish’’) and another

one for the remaining group (‘‘English’’). If a person

reported ‘‘English Irish French,’’ only English and Irish

were coded. Certain combinations of ancestries, where the

ancestry group is a part of another, such as ‘‘GermanBavarian,’’ were coded as a single ancestry using the

smaller group (‘‘Bavarian’’). Also, responses such as ‘‘Italian American’’ or ‘‘Arab American,’’ were coded and

tabulated as a single entry (‘‘Italian’’ or ‘‘Arab’’).

The Census Bureau accepted ‘‘American’’ as a unique

ethnicity if it was given alone, with an ambiguous response

(such as ‘‘mixed’’ or ‘‘adopted’’), or with State names. If

the respondent listed any other specific ethnic identity

such as ‘‘Chinese American,’’ generally the ‘‘American’’

portion of the response was not coded. However, distinct

groups such as ‘‘American Indian,’’ ‘‘Mexican American,’’

and ‘‘African American’’ were coded and identified separately because these groups are considered different from

those who reported as ‘‘Indian,’’ ‘‘Mexican,’’ or ‘‘African’’

respectively.

In all tabulations, when respondents provided an unacceptable ethnic identity (for example, an uncodable or

unintelligible response such as ‘‘multi-national,’’ ‘‘adopted,’’

or ‘‘I have no idea’’), the answer was included in either the

‘‘not classified’’ or ‘‘not reported’’ categories.

The tabulations on ancestry are presented using two

types of data presentations—one using total persons as

the base, and the other using total responses as the base.

In this publication we have used presentations based on

responses. Presentations based on persons will be available in our Summary Tape File products. The following are

categories shown in the two data presentations:

Presentation Based on Persons:

Single Ancestries Reported—Includes all persons who

reported only one ethnic group. Included in this category

are persons with multiple-term responses such as ‘‘ScotchIrish’’ who reported more than one group and were

assigned a single code.

Multiple Ancestries Reported—Includes all persons who

reported more than one group and were assigned two

ancestry codes.

Ancestry Unclassified—Includes all persons who provided a response that could not be assigned an ancestry code because they provided nonsensical entries or

religious responses.

DEFINITIONS OF SUBJECT CHARACTERISTICS B–1
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Presentations Based on Responses:

Total Ancestries Reported—Includes the total number

of ancestries reported and coded. If a person reported a

multiple ancestry such as ‘‘French Danish,’’ that response

was counted twice in the tabulations—once in the

‘‘French’’ category and again in the ‘‘Danish’’ category.

Thus, the sum of the counts in this type of presentation

is not the total population but the total of all responses.

First Ancestry Reported—Includes the first response of

all persons who reported at least one entry. For example, in this category, the count for ‘‘Danish’’ would

include all those who reported only Danish and those

who reported Danish and some other group.

Second Ancestry Reported—Includes the second response

of all persons who reported a multiple ancestry. Thus,

the count for ‘‘Danish’’ in this category includes all

persons who reported Danish as the second response,

regardless of the first response provided.

Ancestry Classification

The Bureau prepared a preliminary ancestry classification list for this report using a number of source materials,

including the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic

Groups. Persons knowledgeable in different aspects of

ethnicity then reviewed the preliminary list for accuracy,

consistency, and completeness. On the basis of a review

of the comments, 1990 census results, and additional

research, the Census Bureau finalized the list of ancestries

shown in appendix G. The Census Bureau used a similar

procedure to construct the 1980 census ancestry code list.

It should be recognized that persons knowledgeable in

ethnic identification sometimes have different views on

some classifications since several groups may justifiably

be classified in various ways. As a result, some experts

would have classified several groups in this report differently.

More information about the classification of the ancestry

groups shown in the tables, is discussed below:

1. The ancestry groups shown in tables 2 and 3 have

been classified in the following 11 geographical/

cultural groupings:

• Western Europe (non Hispanic)

• Eastern Europe and Soviet Union

• Central and South America (Hispanic)

• Central and South America (non Hispanic)

• West Indies (non Hispanic)

• North Africa and Southwest Asia

• Subsaharan Africa

• South Asia

• Other Asia

• Pacific

• North American

These groupings do not adhere to strict geographical or

cultural definitions. The Central and South America (Hispanic) grouping, however, adheres to Federal Statistical

Directive No. 15, which provides guidelines on racial and

ethnic categories for all Federal agencies.

2. Several ancestry groups in tables 2 and 3 can be

combined to obtain a total for a broad category for

example, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, and Yugoslavian

may be combined for certain purposes.

Other 1990 Census Ancestry Tabulations

The proposed 1990 subject report on ancestry will

present additional data on the social and economic characteristics for ancestry groups. While the classification

scheme and terminology used in this report are basically

the same as that used in other 1990 census reports and

summary tape files, the following differences in these

sources should be noted:

1. This ancestry report presents a detailed list of 215

ancestry groups for the nation and States. The 1990

Summary Tape File (STF) 3 and related census reports

show just over 30 groups and STF 4 and related

census reports provides for an intermediate level of

listing, showing 105 groups. Both the STF 3 and STF

4 data products provide data for small level geography, down to the block group level.

2. The composition of the ancestry categories (for example, Greek, Yugoslavian, and German, as well as other

European and other North American) may differ from

those in other data products.

Limitation of the Data—Although some experts consider

religious affiliation a component of ethnic identity, the

ancestry question was not designed to collect any information concerning religion. The Bureau of the Census is

prohibited from collecting information on religion. Thus, if a

religion was given as an answer to the ancestry question,

it was coded as an ‘‘Other’’ response.

Comparability—A question on ancestry was first asked in

the 1980 census. Although there was no comparable data

prior to the 1980 census, related information on ethnicity

was collected through questions on parental birthplace,

own birthplace, and language, which were included in

previous censuses. Unlike other census questions, there

was no imputation for nonresponse to the ancestry question.

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In 1990, respondents were allowed to report more than

one ancestry group; however, only the first two ancestry

groups were coded. In 1980, the Census Bureau attempted

to code a third ancestry for selected triple-ancestry responses.

New categories such as ‘‘Arab’’ and ‘‘West Indian’’

were added to the 1990 tabulation to meet important data

needs. The ‘‘West Indian’’ category excluded ‘‘Hispanic’’

groups such as ‘‘Puerto Rican’’ and ‘‘Cuban’’ that were

identified primarily through the question on Hispanic origin.

In 1990, the ancestry group, ‘‘American’’ is recognized and

tabulated as a unique ethnicity. In 1980, ‘‘American’’ was

tabulated but included under the category ‘‘Ancestry not

specified.’’

A major improvement in the 1990 census was the use of

an automated coding system for ancestry responses. The

automated coding system used in the 1990 census greatly

reduced the potential for error associated with a clerical

review. Specialists with a thorough knowledge of the

subject matter reviewed, edited, coded, and resolved

inconsistent or incomplete responses.

RELATIONSHIP OF ANCESTRY, RACE, AND

HISPANIC ORIGIN QUESTIONS

In the 1990 census, separate questions also were

asked on race and Hispanic origin (see appendix E for a

facsimile of questionnaire items 4 and 7). The relationship

of the ancestry item to the race and Hispanic origin items

is described below.

Race

The data on race were derived from answers to questionnaire item 4. The concept of race as used by the

Census Bureau reflects self-identification. The race item

provided the primary source of data for the White; Black;

American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut; and Asian and Pacific

Islander groups. Since race was reported separately from

ancestry, a person indicating a particular ancestry could be

of any race. For example, persons reporting ‘‘Black’’ in the

race item may have reported a response of ‘‘Afro-American,’’

‘‘African,’’ or ‘‘Jamaican’’ or more than one response in

the ancestry question; likewise, persons reporting Chinese

in the race item may have reported Chinese, Taiwanese,

etc., or a multiple response in the ancestry item.

The number of persons reporting ‘‘American Indian’’

ancestry (8.7 million) was considerably higher than the

number of persons reporting ‘‘American Indian’’ in the race

item (2.0 million). Most persons who reported ‘‘American

Indian’’ ancestry, reported ‘‘White’’ as the race item.

Differences between data derived from the ancestry and

race questions for some groups may reflect factors such

as differences in the concepts of race and ancestry,

question format, etc. Additional evaluation is planned on

this subject.

Hispanic origin

The data on Spanish/ Hispanic origin were derived from

answers to questionnaire item 7. Persons of Hispanic

origin are those who classified themselves in one of the

specific Hispanic origin categories listed on the questionnaire—‘‘Mexican,’’ ‘‘Puerto Rican,’’ ‘‘Cuban,’’—as well as

those who indicated that they were of ‘‘other Spanish/ Hispanic’’ origin. Data on the Hispanic origin population

shown in this report are based on the ancestry question;

however, the 1990 census Hispanic origin question is the

primary identifier of this population.

Hispanic origin population estimates derived from the

ancestry and Hispanic origin questions may differ because

of different question wording and format, respondent understanding of the question, etc. Cross-tabulations of the

ancestry and Hispanic origin items and post-census evaluation will provide information about these differences.

Also, the cross-tabulations will provide data on the composition of the ‘‘Other Hispanic’’ category of the Hispanic

origin item.

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APPENDIX C.

Accuracy of the Data

CONTENTS

Confidentiality of the Data -------------------------------- C–1

Editing of Unacceptable Data ------------------------------ C–9

Errors in the Data ----------------------------------------- C–2

Estimation Procedure ------------------------------------- C–5

Sample Design ------------------------------------------- C–1

INTRODUCTION

The data contained in this data product are based on

the 1990 census sample. The data are estimates of the

actual figures that would have been obtained from a

complete count. Estimates derived from a sample are

expected to be different from the 100-percent figures

because they are subject to sampling and nonsampling

errors. Sampling error in data arises from the selection of

persons and housing units to be included in the sample.

Nonsampling error affects both sample and 100-percent

data, and is introduced as a result of errors that may occur

during the collection and processing phases of the census.

Provided below is a detailed discussion of both types of

errors and a description of the estimation procedures.

SAMPLE DESIGN

Every person and housing unit in the United States was

asked certain basic demographic and housing questions

(for example, race, age, marital status, housing value, or

rent). A sample of these persons and housing units was

asked more detailed questions about such items as income,

occupation, and housing costs in addition to the basic

demographic and housing information. The primary sampling unit for the 1990 census was the housing unit,

including all occupants. For persons living in group quarters, the sampling unit was the person. Persons in group

quarters were sampled at a 1-in-6 rate.

The sample designation method depended on the data

collection procedures. Approximately 95 percent of the

population was enumerated by the mailback procedure. In

these areas, the Bureau of the Census either purchased a

commercial mailing list, which was updated by the United

States Postal Service and Census Bureau field staff, or

prepared a mailing list by canvassing and listing each

address in the area prior to Census Day. These lists were

computerized and the appropriate units were electronically

designated as sample units. The questionnaires were

either mailed or hand-delivered to the addresses with

instructions to complete and mail back the form.

Housing units in governmental units with a precensus

(1988) estimated population of fewer than 2,500 persons

were sampled at 1-in-2. Governmental units were defined

for sampling purposes as all incorporated places, all

counties, all county equivalents such as parishes in Louisiana, and all minor civil divisions in Connecticut, Maine,

Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire,

New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin. Housing units in census tracts and

block numbering areas (BNA’s) with a precensus housing

unit count below 2,000 housing units were sampled at

1-in-6 for those portions not in small governmental units

(governmental units with a population less than 2,500).

Housing units within census tracts and BNA’s with 2,000 or

more housing units were sampled at 1-in-8 for those

portions not in small governmental units.

In list/ enumerate areas (about 5 percent of the population), each enumerator was given a blank address register

with designated sample lines. Beginning about Census

Day, the enumerator systematically canvassed an assigned

area and listed all housing units in the address register in

the order they were encountered. Completed questionnaires, including sample information for any housing unit

listed on a designated sample line, were collected. For all

governmental units with fewer than 2,500 persons in

list/ enumerate areas, a 1-in-2 sampling rate was used. All

other list/ enumerate areas were sampled at 1-in-6.

Housing units in American Indian reservations, tribal

jurisdiction statistical areas, and Alaska Native villages

were sampled according to the same criteria as other

governmental units, except the sampling rates were based

on the size of the American Indian and Alaska Native

population in those areas as measured in the 1980 census.

Trust lands were sampled at the same rate as their

associated American Indian reservations. Census designated places in Hawaii were sampled at the same rate as

governmental units because the Census Bureau does not

recognize incorporated places in Hawaii.

The purpose of using variable sampling rates was to

provide relatively more reliable estimates for small areas

and decrease respondent burden in more densely populated areas while maintaining data reliability. When all

sampling rates were taken into account across the Nation,

approximately one out of every six housing units in the

Nation was included in the 1990 census sample.

CONFIDENTIALITY OF THE DATA

To maintain the confidentiality required by law (Title 13,

United States Code), the Bureau of the Census applies a

confidentiality edit to the 1990 census data to assure that

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published data do not disclose information about specific

individuals, households, or housing units. As a result, a

small amount of uncertainty is introduced into the estimates of census characteristics. The sample itself provides adequate protection for most areas for which sample

data are published since the resulting data are estimates of

the actual counts; however, small areas require more

protection. The edit is controlled so that the basic structure

of the data is preserved.

The confidentiality edit is implemented by selecting a

small subset of individual households from the internal

sample data files and blanking a subset of the data items

on these household records. Responses to those data

items were then imputed using the same imputation procedures that were used for nonresponse. A larger subset

of households is selected for the confidentiality edit for

small areas to provide greater protection for these areas.

The editing process is implemented in such a way that the

quality and usefulness of the data were preserved.

ERRORS IN THE DATA

Since statistics in this data product are based on a

sample, they may differ somewhat from 100-percent figures that would have been obtained if all housing units,

persons within those housing units, and persons living in

group quarters had been enumerated using the same

questionnaires, instructions, enumerators, etc. The sample

estimate also would differ from other samples of housing

units, persons within those housing units, and persons

living in group quarters. The deviation of a sample estimate

from the average of all possible samples is called the

sampling error. The standard error of a sample estimate is

a measure of the variation among the estimates from all

the possible samples and thus is a measure of the

precision with which an estimate from a particular sample

approximates the average result of all possible samples.

The sample estimate and its estimated standard error

permit the construction of interval estimates with prescribed confidence that the interval includes the average

result of all possible samples. Described below is the

method of calculating standard errors and confidence

intervals for the data in this product.

In addition to the variability which arises from the

sampling procedures, both sample data and 100-percent

data are subject to nonsampling error. Nonsampling error

may be introduced during any of the various complex

operations used to collect and process census data. For

example, operations such as editing, reviewing, or handling questionnaires may introduce error into the data. A

detailed discussion of the sources of nonsampling error is

given in the section on ‘‘Control of Nonsampling Error’’ in

this appendix.

Nonsampling error may affect the data in two ways.

Errors that are introduced randomly will increase the

variability of the data and should therefore be reflected in

the standard error. Errors that tend to be consistent in one

direction will make both sample and 100-percent data

biased in that direction. For example, if respondents

consistently tend to under-report their income, then the

resulting counts of households or families by income

category will tend to be understated for the higher income

categories and overstated for the lower income categories.

Such biases are not reflected in the standard error.

Calculation of Standard Errors

Totals and Percentages—Tables A through C in this

appendix contain the information necessary to calculate

the standard errors of sample estimates in this data

product. To calculate the standard error, it is necessary to

know the basic standard error for the characteristic (given

in table A or B) that would result under a simple random

sample design (of persons, households, or housing units)

and estimation technique; the design factor for the particular characteristic estimated (given in table C); and the

number of persons or housing units in the tabulation area

and the percent of these in the sample. For machinereadable products, the percent-in-sample is included in a

data matrix on the file for each tabulation area. In printed

reports, the percent-in-sample is provided in data tables at

the end of the statistical tables that compose the report.

The design factors reflect the effects of the actual sample

design and complex ratio estimation procedure used for

the 1990 census. Tape purchasers will receive table C, the

table of design factors, as a supplement to the technical

documentation. Table C is included in this appendix for

printed reports.

The steps given below should be used to calculate the

standard error of an estimate of a total or a percentage

contained in this product. A percentage is defined here as

a ratio of a numerator to a denominator where the numerator is a subset of the denominator. For example, the

proportion of Black teachers is the ratio of Black teachers

to all teachers.

1. Obtain the standard error from table A or B (or use

the formula given below the table) for the estimated

total or percentage, respectively.

2. Find the geographic area to which the estimate

applies in the appropriate percent-in-sample table

or appropriate matrix, and obtain the person or

housing unit ‘‘percent-in-sample’’ figure for this

area. Use the person ‘‘percent-in-sample’’ figure for

person and family characteristics. Use the housing

unit ‘‘percent-in-sample’’ figure for housing unit

characteristics.

3. Use table C to obtain the design factor for the

characteristic (for example, employment status, school

enrollment) and the range that contains the percentin-sample with which you are working. Multiply the

basic standard error by this factor.

The unadjusted standard errors of zero estimates or of

very small estimated totals or percentages will approach

zero. This is also the case for very large percentages or

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estimated totals that are close to the size of the tabulation

areas to which they correspond. Nevertheless, these estimated totals and percentages still are subject to sampling

and nonsampling variability, and an estimated standard

error of zero (or a very small standard error) is not

appropriate. For estimated percentages that are less than

2 or greater than 98, use the basic standard errors in table

B that appear in the ‘‘2 or 98’’ row. For an estimated total

that is less than 50 or within 50 of the total size of the

tabulation area, use a basic standard error of 16.

An illustration of the use of the tables is given in the

section entitled ‘‘Use of Tables to Compute Standard

Errors.’’

Sums and Differences—The standard errors estimated

from these tables are not directly applicable to sums of and

differences between two sample estimates. To estimate

the standard error of a sum or difference, the tables are to

be used somewhat differently in the following three situations:

1. For the sum of or difference between a sample

estimate and a 100-percent value, use the standard

error of the sample estimate. The complete count

value is not subject to sampling error.

2. For the sum of or difference between two sample

estimates, the appropriate standard error is approximately the square root of the sum of the two

individual standard errors squared; that is, for standard errors:

SEX

ˆ and SEYˆ of estimates Xˆ and Yˆ

:

SE$ Xˆ

$ Yˆ$ = SE$ Xˆ$ Yˆ$ = √$SEX

ˆ

)

2

$$SEY

ˆ

)

2

This method, however, will underestimate (overestimate) the standard error if the two items in a

sum are highly positively (negatively) correlated or if

the two items in a difference are highly negatively

(positively) correlated. This method may also be

used for the difference between (or sum of) sample

estimates from two censuses or from a census

sample and another survey. The standard error for

estimates not based on the 1990 census sample

must be obtained from an appropriate source outside of this appendix.

3. For the differences between two estimates, one of

which is a subclass of the other, use the tables

directly where the calculated difference is the estimate of interest. For example, to determine the

estimate of non-Black teachers, one may subtract

the estimate of Black teachers from the estimate of

total teachers. To determine the standard error of

the estimate of non-Black teachers apply the above

formula directly.

Ratios—Frequently, the statistic of interest is the ratio of

two variables, where the numerator is not a subset of the

denominator. For example, the ratio of teachers to students in public elementary schools. The standard error of

the ratio between two sample estimates is estimated as

follows:

1. If the ratio is a proportion, then follow the procedure

outlined for ‘‘Totals and Percentages.’’

2. If the ratio is not a proportion, then approximate the

standard error using the formula below.

SE$ Xˆ

$ Yˆ$ = X

ˆ

Y

ˆ

$

$SEX

ˆ

$2

X

ˆ2

$

$SEY

ˆ

$2

Y

ˆ2

Medians—For the standard error of the median of a

characteristic, it is necessary to examine the distribution

from which the median is derived, as the size of the base

and the distribution itself affect the standard error. An

approximate method is given here. As the first step,

compute one-half of the number on which the median is

based (refer to this result as N/ 2). Treat N/ 2 as if it were

an ordinary estimate and obtain its standard error as

instructed above. Compute the desired confidence interval

about N/ 2. Starting with the lowest value of the characteristic, cumulate the frequencies in each category of the

characteristic until the sum equals or first exceeds the

lower limit of the confidence interval about N/ 2. By linear

interpolation, obtain a value of the characteristic corresponding to this sum. This is the lower limit of the

confidence interval of the median. In a similar manner,

continue cumulating frequencies until the sum equals or

exceeds the count in excess of the upper limit of the

interval about N/ 2. Interpolate as before to obtain the

upper limit of the confidence interval for the estimated

median.

When interpolation is required in the upper open-ended

interval of a distribution to obtain a confidence bound, use

1.5 times the lower limit of the open-ended confidence

interval as the upper limit of the open-ended interval.

Confidence Intervals

A sample estimate and its estimated standard error may

be used to construct confidence intervals about the estimate. These intervals are ranges that will contain the

average value of the estimated characteristic that results

over all possible samples, with a known probability. For

example, if all possible samples that could result under the

1990 census sample design were independently selected

and surveyed under the same conditions, and if the

estimate and its estimated standard error were calculated

for each of these samples, then:

1. Approximately 68 percent of the intervals from one

estimated standard error below the estimate to one

estimated standard error above the estimate would

contain the average result from all possible samples;

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2. Approximately 90 percent of the intervals from

1.645 times the estimated standard error below the

estimate to 1.645 times the estimated standard

error above the estimate would contain the average

result from all possible samples.

3. Approximately 95 percent of the intervals from two

estimated standard errors below the estimate to

two estimated standard errors above the estimate

would contain the average result from all possible

samples.

The intervals are referred to as 68 percent, 90 percent,

and 95 percent confidence intervals, respectively.

The average value of the estimated characteristic that

could be derived from all possible samples is or is not

contained in any particular computed interval. Thus, we

cannot make the statement that the average value has a

certain probability of falling between the limits of the

calculated confidence interval. Rather, one can say with a

specified probability of confidence that the calculated

confidence interval includes the average estimate from all

possible samples (approximately the 100-percent value).

Confidence intervals also may be constructed for the

ratio, sum of, or difference between two sample figures.

This is done by first computing the ratio, sum, or difference,

then obtaining the standard error of the ratio, sum, or

difference (using the formulas given earlier), and finally

forming a confidence interval for this estimated ratio, sum,

or difference as above. One can then say with specified

confidence that this interval includes the ratio, sum, or

difference that would have been obtained by averaging the

results from all possible samples.

The estimated standard errors given in this appendix do

not include all portions of the variability due to nonsampling error that may be present in the data. The standard

errors reflect the effect of simple response variance, but

not the effect of correlated errors introduced by enumerators, coders, or other field or processing personnel. Thus,

the standard errors calculated represent a lower bound of

the total error. As a result, confidence intervals formed

using these estimated standard errors may not meet the

stated levels of confidence (i.e., 68, 90, or 95 percent).

Thus, some care must be exercised in the interpretation of

the data in this data product based on the estimated

standard errors.

A standard sampling theory text should be helpful if the

user needs more information about confidence intervals

and nonsampling errors.

Use of Tables to Compute Standard Errors

The following is a hypothetical example of how to

compute a standard error of a total and a percentage.

Suppose a particular data table shows that for City A 9,948

persons out of all 15,888 persons age 16 years and over

were in the civilian labor force. The percent-in-sample

table lists City A with a percent-in-sample of 16.0 percent

(Persons column). The column in table C which includes

16.0 percent-in-sample shows the design factor to be 1.1

for ‘‘Employment status.’’

The basic standard error for the estimated total 9,948

may be obtained from table A or from the formula given

below table A. In order to avoid interpolation, the use of the

formula will be demonstrated here. Suppose that the total

population of City A was 21,220. The formula for the basic

standard error, SE, is

SE$9,948$ = √5$9,948$ $1$9,948$21,220$

= 163 persons.

The standard error of the estimated 9,948 persons 16

years and over who were in the civilian labor force is found

by multiplying the basic standard error 163 by the design

factor, 1.1 from table C. This yields an estimated standard

error of 179 for the total number of persons 16 years and

over in City A who were in the civilian labor force.

The estimated percent of persons 16 years and over

who were in the civilian labor force in City A is 62.6. From

table B, the unadjusted standard error is found to be

approximately 0.85 percentage points. The standard error

for the estimated 62.6 percent of persons 16 years and

over who were in the civilian labor force is 0.85 x 1.1 =

0.94 percentage points.

A note of caution concerning numerical values is necessary. Standard errors of percentages derived in this

manner are approximate. Calculations can be expressed

to several decimal places, but to do so would indicate more

precision in the data than is justifiable. Final results should

contain no more than two decimal places when the

estimated standard error is one percentage point (i.e.,

1.00) or more.

In the previous example, the standard error of the 9,948

persons 16 years and over in City A who were in the civilian

labor force was found to be 179. Thus, a 90 percent

confidence interval for this estimated total is found to be:

$9,948 $ 1.645$179$$ to $9,948 $ 1.645$179$$

or

9,654 to 10,242

One can say, with about 90 percent confidence, that this

interval includes the value that would have been obtained

by averaging the results from all possible samples.

The following is an illustration of the calculation of

standard errors and confidence intervals when a difference between two sample estimates is obtained. For

example, suppose the number of persons in City B age 16

years and over who were in the civilian labor force was

9,314 and the total number of persons 16 years and over

was 16,666. Further suppose the population of City B was

25,225. Thus, the estimated percentage of persons 16

years and over who were in the civilian labor force is 55.9

percent. The unadjusted standard error determined using

the formula provided at the bottom of table B is 0.86

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percentage points. We find that City B had a percent-insample of 15.7. The range which includes 15.7 percent-insample in table C shows the design factor to be 1.1 for

‘‘Employment Status.’’ Thus, the approximate standard

error of the percentage (55.9 percent) is 0.86 x 1.1 = 0.95

percentage points.

Now suppose that one wished to obtain the standard

error of the difference between City A and City B of the

percentages of persons who were 16 years and over and

who were in the civilian labor force. The difference in the

percentages of interest for the two cities is:

62.6 - 55.9 = 6.7 percent.

Using the results of the previous example:

SE$6.7$ = √$SE$62.6$$2$$SE$55.9$$2= √$0.94$2$$0.95$2

= 1.34 percentage points

The 90 percent confidence interval for the difference is

formed as before:

$6.70 $ 1.645$1.34$$ to $6.70 $ 1.645$1.34$$

or

4.50 to 8.90

One can say with 90 percent confidence that the

interval includes the difference that would have been

obtained by averaging the results from all possible samples.

For reasonably large samples, ratio estimates are normally distributed, particularly for the census population.

Therefore, if we can calculate the standard error of a ratio

estimate then we can form a confidence interval around

the ratio. Suppose that one wished to obtain the standard

error of the ratio of the estimate of persons who were 16

years and over and who were in the civilian labor force in

City A to the estimate of persons who were 16 years and

over and who were in the civilian labor force in City B. The

ratio of the two estimates of interest is:

9948/ 9314 = 1.07

SE $1.07$ = $

9948

9314$ $ 1792

$9948$2 $

1882

$9314$2

= .029

Using the results above, the 90 percent confidence

interval for this ratio would be:

$1.07$1.645$.029$$ to $1.07$1.645$.029$$

or

1.02 to 1.12

ESTIMATION PROCEDURE

The estimates which appear in this publication were

obtained from an iterative ratio estimation procedure (iterative proportional fitting) resulting in the assignment of a

weight to each sample person or housing unit record. For

any given tabulation area, a characteristic total was estimated by summing the weights assigned to the persons or

housing units possessing the characteristic in the tabulation area. Estimates of family or household characteristics

were based on the weight assigned to the family member

designated as householder. Each sample person or housing unit record was assigned exactly one weight to be used

to produce estimates of all characteristics. For example, if

the weight given to a sample person or housing unit had

the value 6, all characteristics of that person or housing

unit would be tabulated with the weight of 6. The estimation procedure, however, did assign weights varying from

person to person or housing unit to housing unit. The

estimation procedure used to assign the weights was

performed in geographically defined ‘‘weighting areas.’’

Weighting areas generally were formed of contiguous

geographic units which agreed closely with census tabulation areas within counties. Weighting areas were required

to have a minimum sample of 400 persons. Weighting

areas never crossed State or county boundaries. In small

counties with a sample count below 400 persons, the

minimum required sample condition was relaxed to permit

the entire county to become a weighting area.

Within a weighting area, the ratio estimation procedure

for persons was performed in four stages. For persons, the

first stage applied 17 household-type groups. The second

stage used two groups: sampling rate of 1-in-2; sampling

rate less than 1-in-2. The third stage used the dichotomy

householders/ nonhouseholders. The fourth stage applied

180 aggregate age-sex-race-Hispanic origin categories.

The stages were as follows:

PERSONS

STAGE I: TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD

Group Persons in Housing Units With a Family

With Own Children Under 18

1 2 persons in housing unit

2 3 persons in housing unit

3 4 persons in housing unit

4 5 to 7 persons in housing unit

5 8 or more persons in housing unit

Persons in Housing Units With a Family

Without Own Children Under 18

6-10 2 through 8 or more persons in

housing unit

Persons in All Other Housing Units

11 1 person in housing unit

12-16 2 through 8 or more persons in

housing unit

Persons in Group Quarters

17 Persons in Group Quarters

STAGE II: SAMPLING RATES

1 Sampling rate of 1-in-2

2 Sampling rate less than 1-in-2

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STAGE III: HOUSEHOLDER/ NONHOUSEHOLDER

1 Householder

2 Nonhouseholder

STAGE IV: AGE/ SEX/ RACE/ HISPANIC ORIGIN

Group White

Persons of Hispanic Origin

Male

1 0 to 4 years

2 5 to 14 years

3 15 to 19 years

4 20 to 24 years

5 25 to 34 years

6 35 to 54 years

7 55 to 64 years

8 65 to 74 years

9 75 years and over

Female

10-18 Same age categories as groups

1 through 9.

Persons Not of Hispanic Origin

19-36 Same sex and age categories

as groups 1 through 18.

Black

37-72 Same age/ sex/ Hispanic origin categories as groups 1 through 36.

Asian or Pacific Islander

73-108 Same age/ sex/ Hispanic origin categories as groups 1 through 36.

American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut

109-144 Same age/ sex/ Hispanic origin categories as groups 1 through 36.

Other Race (includes those races not

listed above)

145-180 Same age/ sex/ Hispanic origin categories as groups 1 through 36.

Within a weighting area, the first step in the estimation

procedure was to assign an initial weight to each sample

person record. This weight was approximately equal to the

inverse of the probability of selecting a person for the

census sample.

The next step in the estimation procedure, prior to

iterative proportional fitting, was to combine categories in

each of the four estimation stages, when needed to

increase the reliability of the ratio estimation procedure.

For each stage, any group that did not meet certain criteria

for the unweighted sample count or for the ratio of the

100-percent to the initially weighted sample count, was

combined, or collapsed, with another group in the same

stage according to a specified collapsing pattern. At the

fourth stage, an additional criterion concerning the number

of complete count persons in each race/ Hispanic origin

category was applied.

As the final step, the initial weights underwent four

stages of ratio adjustment applying the grouping procedures described above. At the first stage, the ratio of the

complete census count to the sum of the initial weights for

each sample person was computed for each stage I group.

The initial weight assigned to each person in a group was

then multiplied by the stage I group ratio to produce an

adjusted weight.

In stage II, the stage I adjusted weights were again

adjusted by the ratio of the complete census count to the

sum of the stage I weights for sample persons in each

stage II group. Next, at stage III, the stage II weights were

adjusted by the ratio of the complete census count to the

sum of the stage II weights for sample persons in each

stage III group. Finally, at stage IV, the stage III weights

were adjusted by the ratio of the complete census count to

the sum of the stage III weights for sample persons in each

stage IV group. The four stages of ratio adjustment were

performed two times (two iterations) in the order given

above. The weights obtained from the second iteration for

stage IV were assigned to the sample person records.

However, to avoid complications in rounding for tabulated

data, only whole number weights were assigned. For

example, if the final weight of the persons in a particular

group was 7.25 then 1/ 4 of the sample persons in this

group were randomly assigned a weight of 8, while the

remaining 3/ 4 received a weight of 7.

The ratio estimation procedure for housing units was

essentially the same as that for persons, except that

vacant units were treated differently. The occupied housing unit ratio estimation procedure was done in four stages,

and the vacant housing unit ratio estimation procedure was

done in a single stage. The first stage for occupied housing

units applied 16 household type categories, while the

second stage used the two sampling categories described

above for persons. The third stage applied three units-instructure categories; i.e. single units, multi-unit less than 10

and multi-unit 10 or more. The fourth stage could potentially use 200 tenure-race-Hispanic origin-value/ rent groups.

The stages for ratio estimation for housing units were as

follows:

OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS

STAGE I: TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD

Group Housing Units With a Family With Own

Children Under 18

1 2 persons in housing unit

2 3 persons in housing unit

3 4 persons in housing unit

4 5 to 7 persons in housing unit

5 8 or more persons in housing unit

Housing Units With a Family Without

Own Children Under 18

6-10 2 through 8 or more persons in

housing unit

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STAGE I: TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD—Con.

All Other Housing Units

11 1 person in housing unit

12-16 2 through 8 or more persons in

housing unit

STAGE II: SAMPLING RATE CATEGORY

1 Sampling rate of 1-in-2

2 Sampling rate less than 1-in-2

STAGE III: UNITS IN STRUCTURE

1 Single unit structure

2 Multi-unit structure consisting of fewer

than 10 individual units

3 Multi-unit structure consisting of 10 or

more individual units

STAGE IV: TENURE/ RACE AND HISPANIC ORIGIN OF

HOUSEHOLDER/ VALUE OR RENT

Group Owner

White Householder

Householder of Hispanic Origin

Value

1 Less than $20,000

2 $20,000 to $39,999

3 $40,000 to $59,999

4 $60,000 to $79,999

5 $80,000 to $99,999

6 $100,000 to $149,999

7 $150,000 to $249,999

8 $250,000 to $299,999

9 $300,000 or more

10 Other1

Householder Not of Hispanic Origin

11-20 Same value categories as groups

1 through 10

Black Householder

21-40 Same Hispanic origin/ value categories as groups 1 through 20

Asian or Pacific Islander Householder

41-60 Same Hispanic origin/ value categories as groups 1 through 20

American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut

Householder

61-80 Same Hispanic origin/ value categories as groups 1 through 20

Householder of Other Race

81-100 Same Hispanic origin/ value categories as groups 1 through 20

1

Value of units in this category results from other factors besides

housing value alone, for example, inclusion of more than 10 acres of

land, or presence of a business establishment on the premises.

Renter

White Householder

Householder of Hispanic origin

Rent

101 Less than $100

102 $100 to $199

103 $200 to $299

104 $300 to $399

105 $400 to $499

106 $500 to $599

107 $600 to $749

108 $750 to $999

109 $1,000 or more

110 No cash rent

Householder Not of Hispanic Origin

111-120 Same rent categories as groups

101 through 110

Black Householder

121-140 Same Hispanic origin/ rent categories as groups 101 through

120

Asian or Pacific Islander Householder

141-160 Same Hispanic origin/ rent categories as groups 101 through

120

American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut

Householder

161-180 Same Hispanic origin/ rent categories as groups 101 through

120

Householder of Other Race

181-200 Same Hispanic origin/ rent categories as groups 101 through

120

Vacant Housing Units

1 Vacant for rent

2 Vacant for sale

3 Other vacant

The estimates produced by this procedure realize some

of the gains in sampling efficiency that would have resulted

if the population had been stratified into the ratio estimation groups before sampling, and if the sampling rate had

been applied independently to each group. The net effect

is a reduction in both the standard error and the possible

bias of most estimated characteristics to levels below what

would have resulted from simply using the initial, unadjusted weight. A by-product of this estimation procedure is

that the estimates from the sample will, for the most part,

be consistent with the complete count figures for the

population and housing unit groups used in the estimation

procedure.

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Control of Nonsampling Error

As mentioned earlier, both sample and 100-percent

data are subject to nonsampling error. This component of

error could introduce serious bias into the data, and the

total error could increase dramatically over that which

would result purely from sampling. While it is impossible to

completely eliminate nonsampling error from an operation

as large and complex as the decennial census, the Bureau

of the Census attempted to control the sources of such

error during the collection and processing operations.

Described below are the primary sources of nonsampling

error and the programs instituted for control of this error.

The success of these programs, however, was contingent

upon how well the instructions actually were carried out

during the census. As part of the 1990 census evaluation

program, both the effects of these programs and the

amount of error remaining after their application will be

evaluated.

Undercoverage—It is possible for some households or

persons to be missed entirely by the census. The undercoverage of persons and housing units can introduce

biases into the data.

Several coverage improvement programs were implemented during the development of the census address list

and census enumeration and processing to minimize undercoverage of the population and housing units. These

programs were developed based on experience from the

1980 census and results from the 1990 census testing

cycle. In developing and updating the census address list,

the Census Bureau used a variety of specialized procedures in different parts of the country.

• In the large urban areas, the Census Bureau purchased

and geocoded address lists. Concurrent with geocoding,

the United States Postal Service (USPS) reviewed and

updated this list. After the postal check, census enumerators conducted a dependent canvass and update operation. In the fall of 1989, local officials were given the

opportunity to examine block counts of address listings

(local review) and identify possible errors. Prior to mailout, the USPS conducted a final review.

• In small cities, suburban areas, and selected rural parts

of the country, the Census Bureau created the address

list through a listing operation. The USPS reviewed and

updated this list, and the Census Bureau reconciled

USPS corrections and updated through a field operation.

In the fall of 1989, local officials participated in reviewing

block counts of address listings. Prior to mailout, the

USPS conducted a final review.

• The Census Bureau (rather than the USPS) conducted a

listing operation in the fall of 1989 and delivered census

questionnaires in selected rural and seasonal housing

areas in March of 1990. In some inner-city public housing developments, whose addresses had been obtained

via the purchased address list noted above, census

questionnaires were also delivered by Census Bureau

enumerators.

Coverage improvement programs continued during and

after mailout. A recheck of units initially classified as

vacant or nonexistent improved further the coverage of

persons and housing units. All local officials were given the

opportunity to participate in a post-census local review,

and census enumerators conducted an additional recanvass. In addition, efforts were made to improve the coverage of unique population groups, such as the homeless

and parolees/ probationers. Computer and clerical edits

and telephone and personal visit followup also contributed

to improved coverage.

More extensive discussion of the programs implemented

to improve coverage will be published by the Census

Bureau when the evaluation of the coverage improvement

program is completed.

Respondent and Enumerator Error—The person answering the questionnaire or responding to the questions posed

by an enumerator could serve as a source of error,

although the questions were phrased as clearly as possible based on precensus tests, and detailed instructions for

completing the questionnaire were provided to each household. In addition, respondents’ answers were edited for

completeness and consistency, and problems were followed up as necessary.

The enumerator may misinterpret or otherwise incorrectly record information given by a respondent; may fail to

collect some of the information for a person or household;

or may collect data for households that were not designated as part of the sample. To control these problems,

the work of enumerators was monitored carefully. Field

staff were prepared for their tasks by using standardized

training packages that included hands-on experience in

using census materials. A sample of the households

interviewed by enumerators for nonresponse were reinterviewed to control for the possibility of data for fabricated

persons being submitted by enumerators. Also, the estimation procedure was designed to control for biases that

would result from the collection of data from households

not designated for the sample.

Processing Error—The many phases involved in processing the census data represent potential sources for the

introduction of nonsampling error. The processing of the

census questionnaires includes the field editing, followup,

and transmittal of completed questionnaires; the manual

coding of write-in responses; and the electronic data

processing. The various field, coding and computer operations undergo a number of quality control checks to

insure their accurate application.

Nonresponse—Nonresponse to particular questions on

the census questionnaire allows for the introduction of bias

into the data, since the characteristics of the nonrespondents have not been observed and may differ from those

reported by respondents. As a result, any imputation

procedure using respondent data may not completely

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reflect this difference either at the elemental level (individual person or housing unit) or on the average. Some

protection against the introduction of large biases is afforded

by minimizing nonresponse. In the census, nonresponse

was reduced substantially during the field operations by

the various edit and followup operations aimed at obtaining

a response for every question. Characteristics for the

nonresponses remaining after this operation were imputed

by the computer by using reported data for a person or

housing unit with similar characteristics.

EDITING OF UNACCEPTABLE DATA

The objective of the processing operation is to produce

a set of data that describes the population as accurately

and clearly as possible. To meet this objective, questionnaires were edited during field data collection operations

for consistency, completeness, and acceptability. Questionnaires also were reviewed by census clerks for omissions, certain specific inconsistencies, and population coverage. For example, write-in entries such as ‘‘Don’t know’’

or ‘‘NA’’ were considered unacceptable. For some district

offices, the initial edit was automated; however, for the

majority of the district offices, it was performed by clerks.

As a result of this operation, a telephone or personal visit

followup was made to obtain missing information. Potential

coverage errors were included in the followup, as well as a

sample of questionnaires with omissions and/ or inconsistencies.

Subsequent to field operations, remaining incomplete or

inconsistent information on the questionnaires was assigned

using imputation procedures during the final automated

edit of the collected data. Imputations, or computer assignments of acceptable codes in place of unacceptable

entries or blanks, are needed most often when an entry for

a given item is lacking or when the information reported for

a person or housing unit on that item is inconsistent with

other information for that same person or housing unit. As

in previous censuses, the general procedure for changing

unacceptable entries was to assign an entry for a person

or housing unit that was consistent with entries for persons

or housing units with similar characteristics. The assignment of acceptable codes in place of blanks or unacceptable entries enhances the usefulness of the data.

Another way in which corrections were made during the

computer editing process was through substitution; that is,

the assignment of a full set of characteristics for a person

or housing unit. When there was an indication that a

housing unit was occupied but the questionnaire contained

no information for the people within the household or the

occupants were not listed on the questionnaire, a previously accepted household was selected as a substitute,

and the full set of characteristics for the substitute was

duplicated. The assignment of the full set of housing

characteristics occurred when there was no housing information available. If the housing unit was determined to be

occupied, the housing characteristics were assigned from

a previously processed occupied unit. If the housing unit

was vacant, the housing characteristics were assigned

from a previously processed vacant unit.

ACCURACY OF THE DATA C–9
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Table A. Unadjusted Standard Error for Estimated Totals

[Based on a 1-in-6 simple random sample]

Estimated Total1

Size of publication area2

500 1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 5,000,000 10,000,000 25,000,000

50 . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16

100 . . . . . . . . . . . 20 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22

250 . . . . . . . . . . . 25 30 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35

500 . . . . . . . . . . . - 35 45 45 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

1,000 . . . . . . . . . . - - 55 65 65 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70

2,500 . . . . . . . . . . - - - 80 95 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110 110

5,000 . . . . . . . . . . - - - - 110 140 150 150 160 160 160 160 160 160

10,000 . . . . . . . . . - - - - - 170 200 210 220 220 220 220 220 220

15,000 . . . . . . . . . - - - - - 170 230 250 270 270 270 270 270 270

25,000 . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - 250 310 340 350 350 350 350 350

75,000 . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - 310 510 570 590 610 610 610

100,000 ........ ---- - - - - 550 630 670 700 700 710

250,000 ........ - - - - - - - - - 790 970 1 090 1 100 1 100

500,000 ........ - - - - - - - - - - 1 120 1 500 1 540 1 570

1,000,000....... ---- - - - - - - - 2 000 2 120 2 190

5,000,000....... ---- - - - - - - - - 3 540 4 470

10,000,000...... ---- - - - - - - - - - 5 480

1

For estimated totals larger than 10,000,000, the standard error is somewhat larger than the table values. The formula given below should be used

to calculate the standard error.

SE$ Yˆ$ = $5 Yˆ

$1 $

Y

ˆ

N $

N = Size of area

Y

ˆ = Estimate of characteristic total

2

The total count of persons in the area if the estimated total is a person characteristic, or the total count of housing units in the area if the estimated

total is a housing unit characteristic.

Table B. Unadjusted Standard Error in Percentage Points for Estimated Percentage

[Based on a 1-in-6 simple random sample]

Estimated Percentage

Base of percentage1

500 750 1,000 1,500 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000

2 or 98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

5 or 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

10 or 90. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0 2.4 2.1 1.7 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1

15 or 85. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

20 or 80. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.3 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

25 or 75. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 3.5 3.1 2.5 1.9 1.4 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

30 or 70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6 3.7 3.2 2.6 2.0 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1

35 or 65. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 3.9 3.4 2.8 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2

50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 4.1 3.5 2.9 2.2 1.6 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2

1

For a percentage and/ or base of percentage not shown in the table, the formula given below may be used to calculate the standard error. This table

should only be used for proportions, that is, where the numerator is a subset of the denominator.

SE$ pˆ$= $ 5

B p

ˆ

$100$ pˆ$

B = Base of estimated percentage

p

ˆ = Estimated percentage

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Table C. Standard Error Design Factors—United States

[Percent of persons or housing units in sample]

Characteristic Less than 15

percent

15 to 30

percent

30 to 45

percent

45 percent

or more

POPULATION

Age. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Sex. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Hispanic origin (of any race). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Marital status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 0.9 0.5 0.4

Household type and relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Children ever born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 2.3 1.5 1.2

Work disability and mobility limitation status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Ancestry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 1.7 1.0 0.8

Place of birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 2.1 1.2 1.1

Citizenship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.5 0.9 0.7

Residence in 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 1.9 1.1 0.9

Year of entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.6 0.5

Language spoken at home and ability to speak English. . . . . . . . 1.7 1.4 0.8 0.7

Educational attainment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

School enrollment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.5 0.9 0.7

Type of residence (urban/ rural) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.1

Household type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Family type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Group quarters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8

Subfamily type and presence of children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5

Employment status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Occupation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Class of worker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.6

Hours per week and weeks worked in 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Number of workers in family. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Place of work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.6

Means of transportation to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.6

Travel time to work. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Private vehicle occupancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.6

Time leaving home to go to work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.1 0.6 0.5

Type of income in 1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 1.2 0.6 0.5

Household income in 1989 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5

Family income in 1989. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5

Poverty status in 1989 (persons). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 1.4 0.8 0.7

Poverty status in 1989 (families) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.5

Armed Forces and veteran status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.5

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APPENDIX D.

Collection and Processing Procedures

CONTENTS

Data Collection Procedures -------------------------------- D–2

Enumeration and Residence Rules ------------------------- D–1

Processing Procedures ------------------------------------ D–4

ENUMERATION AND RESIDENCE RULES

In accordance with census practice dating back to the

first United States census in 1790, each person was to be

enumerated as an inhabitant of his or her ‘‘usual residence’’ in the 1990 census. Usual residence is the place

where the person lives and sleeps most of the time or

considers to be his or her usual residence. This place is not

necessarily the same as the person’s legal residence or

voting residence. In the vast majority of cases, however,

the use of these different bases of classification would

produce substantially the same statistics, although there

might be appreciable differences for a few areas.

The implementation of this practice has resulted in the

establishment of rules for certain categories of persons

whose usual place of residence is not immediately apparent. Furthermore, this practice means that persons were

not always counted as residents of the place where they

happened to be staying on Census Day (April 1, 1990).

Enumeration Rules

Each person whose usual residence was in the United

States was to be included in the census, without regard to

the person’s legal status or citizenship. In a departure from

earlier censuses, foreign diplomatic personnel participated

voluntarily in the census, regardless of their residence on

or off the premises of an embassy. As in previous censuses, persons in the United States specifically excluded

from the census were foreign travelers who had not

established a residence.

Americans with a usual residence outside the United

States were not enumerated in the 1990 census. United

States military and Federal civilian employees, and their

dependents overseas, are included in the population counts

for States for purposes of Congressional apportionment,

but are excluded from all other tabulations for States and

their subdivisions. The counts of United States military and

Federal civilian employees, and their dependents, were

obtained from administrative records maintained by Federal departments and agencies. Other Americans living

overseas, such as employees of international agencies

and private businesses and students, were not enumerated, nor were their counts obtained from administrative

sources. On the other hand, Americans temporarily overseas were to be enumerated at their usual residence in the

United States.

Residence Rules

Each person included in the census was to be counted

at his or her usual residence—the place where he or she

lives and sleeps most of the time or the place where the

person considers to be his or her usual home. If a person

had no usual residence, the person was to be counted

where he or she was staying on April 1, 1990.

Persons temporarily away from their usual residence,

whether in the United States or overseas, on a vacation or

on a business trip, were counted at their usual residence.

Persons who occupied more than one residence during the

year were counted at the one they considered to be their

usual residence. Persons who moved on or near Census

Day were counted at the place they considered to be their

usual residence.

Persons in the Armed Forces—Members of the Armed

Forces were counted as residents of the area in which the

installation was located, either on the installation or in the

surrounding community. Family members of Armed Forces

personnel were counted where they were living on Census

Day (for example, with the Armed Forces person or at

another location).

Each Navy ship not deployed to the 6th or 7th Fleet was

attributed to the municipality that the Department of the

Navy designated as its homeport. If the homeport included

more than one municipality, ships berthed there on Census

Day were assigned by the Bureau of the Census to the

municipality in which the land immediately adjacent to the

dock or pier was actually located. Ships attributed to the

homeport, but not physically present and not deployed to

the 6th or 7th Fleet, were assigned to the municipality

named on the Department of the Navy’s homeport list.

These rules also apply to Coast Guard vessels.

Personnel assigned to each Navy and Coast Guard ship

were given the opportunity to report a residence off the

ship. Those who did report an off-ship residence in the

communities surrounding the homeport were counted there;

those who did not were counted as residents of the ship.

Personnel on Navy ships deployed to the 6th or 7th Fleet

on Census Day were considered to be part of the overseas

population.

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Persons on Maritime Ships—Persons aboard maritime

ships who reported an off-ship residence were counted at

that residence. Those who did not were counted as

residents of the ship, and were attributed as follows:

1. The port where the ship was docked on Census Day,

if that port was in the United States or its territories.

2. The port of departure if the ship was at sea, provided

the port was in the United States or its territories.

3. The port of destination in the United States or its

territories, if the port of departure of a ship at sea was

a foreign port.

4. The overseas population if the ship was docked at a

foreign port or at sea between foreign ports. (These

persons were not included in the overseas population

for apportionment purposes.)

Persons Away at School—College students were counted

as residents of the area in which they were living while

attending college, as they have been since the 1950

census. Children in boarding schools below the college

level were counted at their parental home.

Persons in Institutions—Persons under formally authorized, supervised care or custody, such as in Federal or

State prisons; local jails; Federal detention centers; juvenile institutions; nursing, convalescent, and rest homes for

the aged and dependent; or homes, schools, hospitals, or

wards for the physically handicapped, mentally retarded,

or mentally ill, were counted at these places.

Persons Away From Their Usual Residence on Census

Day—Migrant agricultural workers who did not report a

usual residence elsewhere were counted as residents of

the place where they were on Census Day. Persons in

worker camps who did not report a usual residence

elsewhere were counted as residents of the camp where

they were on Census Day.

In some parts of the country, natural disasters displaced

significant numbers of households from their usual place of

residence. If these persons reported a destroyed or damaged residence as their usual residence, they were counted

at that location.

Persons away from their usual residence were counted

by means of interviews with other members of their

families, resident managers, or neighbors.

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES

The 1990 census was conducted primarily through

self-enumeration. The questionnaire packet included general information about the 1990 census and an instruction

guide explaining how to complete the questionnaire. Spanishlanguage questionnaires and instruction guides were available on request. Instruction guides also were available in

32 other languages.

Enumeration of Housing Units

Each housing unit in the country received one of two

versions of the census questionnaire:

1. A short-form questionnaire that contained a limited

number of basic population and housing questions;

these questions were asked of all persons and housing units and are often referred to as 100-percent

questions.

2. A long-form questionnaire that contained the 100-

percent items and a number of additional questions; a

sampling procedure was used to determine those

housing units that were to receive the long-form

questionnaire.

Three sampling rates were employed. For slightly more

than one-half of the country, one in every six housing units

(about 17 percent) received the long-form or sample

questionnaire. In functioning local governmental units (counties and incorporated places, and in some parts of the

country, towns and townships) estimated to have fewer

than 2,500 inhabitants, every other housing unit (50 percent) received the sample questionnaire in order to enhance

the reliability of the sample data for these small areas. For

census tracts and block numbering areas having more

than 2,000 housing units in the Census Bureau’s address

files, one in every eight housing units (about 13 percent)

received a sample questionnaire, providing reliable statistics for these areas while permitting the Census Bureau to

stay within a limit of 17.7 million sample questionnaires, or

a one-in-six sample, nationwide.

The mail-out/ mail-back procedure was used mainly in

cities, suburban areas, towns, and rural areas where

mailing addresses consisted of a house number and street

name. In these areas, the Census Bureau developed

mailing lists that included about 88.4 million addresses.

The questionnaires were delivered through the mail and

respondents were to return them by mail. Census questionnaires were delivered 1 week before Census Day

(April 1, 1990)

The update/ leave/ mail-back method was used mainly

in densely populated rural areas where it was difficult to

develop mailing lists because mailing addresses did not

use house number and street name. The Census Bureau

compiled lists of housing units in advance of the census.

Enumerators delivered the questionnaires, asked respondents to return them by mail, and added housing units not

on the mailing lists. This method was used mainly in the

South and Midwest, and also included some high-rise,

low-income urban areas. A variation of this method was

used in urban areas having large numbers of boarded-up

buildings. About 11 million housing units were enumerated

using this method.

The list/ enumerate method (formerly called conventional or door-to-door enumeration) was used mainly in

very remote and sparsely-settled areas. The United States

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Postal Service delivered unaddressed short-form questionnaires before Census Day. Starting a week before Census

Day, enumerators canvassed these areas, checked that all

housing units received a questionnaire, created a list of all

housing units, completed long-form questionnaires, and

picked up the completed short-form questionnaires. This

method was used mainly in the West and Northeast to

enumerate an estimated 6.5 million housing units.

Followup

Nonresponse Followup—In areas where respondents

were to mail back their questionnaires, an enumerator

visited each address from which a questionnaire was not

received.

Coverage and Edit-Failure Followup—In the mail-back

areas, some households returned a questionnaire that did

not meet specific quality standards because of incomplete

or inconsistent information, or the respondent had indicated difficulty in deciding who was to be listed on the

questionnaire. These households were contacted by telephone or by personal visit to obtain the missing information

or to clarify who was to be enumerated in the household. In

areas where an enumerator picked up the questionnaires,

the enumerator checked the respondent-filled questionnaire for completeness and consistency.

Special Enumeration Procedures

Special procedures and questionnaires were used for

the enumeration of persons in group quarters, such as

college dormitories, nursing homes, prisons, military barracks, and ships. The questionnaires (Individual Census

Reports, Military Census Reports, and Shipboard Census

Reports) included the 100-percent population questions

but did not include any housing questions. In all group

quarters, all persons were asked the basic population

questions; in most group quarters, additional questions

were asked of a sample (one-in-six) of persons.

Shelter and Street Night (S-Night)

The Census Bureau collected data for various components of the homeless population at different stages in the

1990 census. ‘‘Shelter and Street Night’’ (S-Night) was a

special census operation to count the population in four

types of locations where homeless people are found. On

the evening of March 20, 1990, and during the early

morning hours of March 21, 1990, enumerators counted

persons in pre-identified locations:

1. Emergency shelters for the homeless population (public and private; permanent and temporary).

2. Shelters with temporary lodging for runaway youths.

3. Shelters for abused women and their children.

4. Open locations in streets or other places not intended

for habitation.

Emergency shelters include all hotels and motels costing $12 or less (excluding taxes) per night regardless of

whether persons living there considered themselves to be

homeless, hotels and motels (regardless of cost) used

entirely to shelter homeless persons, and pre-identified

rooms in hotels and motels used for homeless persons

and families. Enumeration in shelters usually occurred

from 6 p.m. to midnight; street enumeration, from 2 a.m. to

4 a.m.; abandoned and boarded-up buildings from 4 a.m. to

8 a.m.; and shelters for abused women, from 6 p.m. on

March 20 to noon on March 21.

Other components, which some consider as part of the

homeless population, were enumerated as part of regular

census operations. These include persons doubled up with

other families, as well as persons with no other usual home

living in transient sites, such as commercial campgrounds,

maternity homes for unwed mothers, and drug/ alcohol

abuse detoxification centers. In institutions, such as local

jails and mental hospitals, the Census Bureau does not

know who has a usual home elsewhere; therefore, even

though some are literally homeless, these persons cannot

be identified separately as a component of the homeless

population.

There is no generally agreed-upon definition of ‘‘the

homeless,’’ and there are limitations in the census count

that prevent obtaining a total count of the homeless

population under any definition. As such, the Census

Bureau does not have a definition and will not provide a

total count of ‘‘the homeless.’’ Rather, the Census Bureau

will provide counts and characteristics of persons found at

the time of the census in selected types of living arrangements. These selected components can be used as building blocks to construct a count of homeless persons

appropriate to particular purposes as long as the data

limitations are taken into account.

In preparation for ‘‘Shelter-and-Street-Night’’ enumeration, the regional census centers (RCC’s) mailed a certified

letter (Form D-33 (L)) to the highest elected official of each

active functioning government of the United States (more

than 39,000) requesting them to identify:

1. All shelters with sleeping facilities (permanent and

temporary, such as church basements, armories,

public buildings, and so forth, that could be open on

March 20).

2. Hotels and motels used to house homeless persons

and families.

3. A list of outdoor locations where homeless persons

tend to be at night.

4. Places such as bus or train stations, subway stations,

airports, hospital emergency rooms, and so forth,

where homeless persons seek shelter at night.

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5. The specific addresses of abandoned or boarded-up

buildings where homeless persons were thought to

stay at night.

The letter from the RCC’s to the governmental units

emphasized the importance of listing night-time congregating sites. The list of shelters was expanded using information from administrative records and informed local sources.

The street sites were limited to the list provided by the

jurisdictions. All governmental units were eligible for ‘‘Shelter and Street Night.’’ For cities with 50,000 or more

persons, the Census Bureau took additional steps to

update the list of shelter and street locations if the local

jurisdiction did not respond to the certified letter. Smaller

cities and rural areas participated if the local jurisdiction

provided the Census Bureau a list of shelters or open

public places to visit or if shelters were identified through

our inventory development, local knowledge update, or

during the Special Place Prelist operation.

The Census Bureau encouraged persons familiar with

homeless persons and the homeless themselves to apply

as enumerators. This recruiting effort was particularly

successful in larger cities.

For shelters, both long- and short-form Individual Census Reports (ICR’s) were distributed. For street enumeration, only short-form ICR’s were used. Persons in shelters

and at street locations were asked the basic population

questions. Additional questions about social and economic

characteristics were asked of a sample of persons in

shelters only.

Enumerators were instructed not to ask who was homeless; rather, they were told to count all persons (including

children) staying overnight at the shelters, and everyone

they saw on the street except the police, other persons in

uniform, and persons engaged in employment or obvious

money-making activities other than begging and panhandling.

At both shelter and street sites, persons found sleeping

were not awakened to answer questions. Rather, the

enumerator answered the sex and race questions by

observation and estimated the person’s age to the best of

his or her ability. In shelters, administrative records and

information from the shelter operator were used, when

available, for persons who were already asleep.

Less than 1 percent of shelters refused to participate in

the census count at first. By the end of the census period,

most of those eventually cooperated and the number of

refusals had been reduced to a few. For the final refusals,

head counts and population characteristics were obtained

by enumerators standing outside such shelters and counting people as they left in the morning.

The ‘‘street’’ count was restricted to persons who were

visible when the enumerator came to the open, public

locations that had been identified by local jurisdictions.

Homeless persons who were well hidden, moving about, or

in locations other than those identified by the local governments were likely missed. The number missed will

never be known and there is no basis to make an estimate

of the number missed from census data. The count of

persons in open, public places was affected by many

factors, including the extra efforts made to encourage

people to go to shelters for ‘‘Shelter and Street Night,’’ the

weather (which was unusually cold in many parts of the

country), the presence of the media, and distrust of the

census. Expectations of the number of homeless persons

on the street cannot be based on the number seen during

the day because the night-time situation is normally very

different as more homeless persons are in shelters or very

well hidden.

For both ‘‘Shelter-and-Street-Night’’ locations, the Census Bureau assumed that the usual home of those enumerated was in the block where they were found (shelter

or street).

The ‘‘Shelter-and-Street-Night’’ operation replaced and

expanded the 1980 Mission Night (M-Night) and Casual

Count operations. These two operations were aimed at

counting the population who reported having no usual

residence. M-Night was conducted a week after Census

Day, in April 1980. Enumerators visited hotels, motels, and

similar places costing $4 or less each night; missions,

flophouses, local jails and similar places at which the

average length of stay was 30 days or less; and nonshelter

locations, such as bus depots, train stations, and all night

movie theaters. Questions were asked of everyone, regardless of age. Enumerators conducted M-Night up to midnight on April 8, 1980, and returned the next morning to

collect any forms completed after midnight.

The Casual Count operation was conducted in May

1980 at additional nonshelter locations, such as street

corners, pool halls, welfare and employment offices. This

operation lasted for approximately 2 weeks. Casual Count

was conducted during the day only in selected large

central cities. Only persons who appeared to be at least 15

years of age were asked if they had been previously

enumerated. Casual Count was actually a coverage-improvement operation. It was not specifically an operation to

count homeless persons living in the streets. Persons were

excluded if they said they had a usual home outside the

city because it was not cost effective to check through

individual questionnaires in another city to try to find the

person.

PROCESSING PROCEDURES

Respondents returned many census questionnaires by

mail to 1 of over 344 census district offices or to one of six

processing offices. In these offices, the questionnaires

were ‘‘checked in’’ and edited for completeness and

consistency of the responses. After this initial processing

had been performed, all questionnaires were sent to the

processing offices.

In the processing offices, the household questionnaires

were microfilmed and processed by the Film Optical

Sensing Device for Input to Computers (FOSDIC). For

most items on the questionnaire, the information supplied

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by the respondent was indicated by filling circles in predesignated positions. FOSDIC electronically ‘‘read’’ these

filled circles from the microfilm copy of the questionnaire

and transferred the information to computer tape. The

computer tape did not include individual names, addresses,

or handwritten responses.

The data processing was performed in several stages.

All questionnaires were microfilmed, ‘‘read’’ by FOSDIC,

and transferred to computer disk. Selected written entries

in the race question on both the short and long forms were

keyed from the microfilm and coded using the data base

developed from the 1980 census and subsequent content

and operational tests. Keying of other written entries on

the long forms occurred in the seven processing offices.

The information (for example, income dollar amounts or

homeowner shelter costs) on these keyed files was merged

with the FOSDIC data or processed further through one of

three automated coding programs. The codes for industry,

occupation, place-of-birth, migration, place-of-work, ancestry, language, relationship, race, and Hispanic origin were

merged with the FOSDIC data for editing, weighting, and

tabulating operations at Census Bureau headquarters. All

responses to the questions on Individual Census Reports

(ICR’s), Military Census Reports (MCR’s), and Shipboard

Census Reports (SCR’s) were keyed, not processed by

microfilm or FOSDIC.

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APPENDIX E.

Facsimiles of Respondent Instructions and

Questionnaire Pages

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APPENDIX F.

Data Products and User Assistance

CONTENTS

Data Products --------------------------------------------- F–1

Geographic Products -------------------------------------- F–3

Other Census Bureau Resources -------------------------- F–5

Reference Materials --------------------------------------- F–4

Sources of Assistance ------------------------------------- F–4

The 1990 census data products, being released during

1991-93, are available in a variety of new and traditional

media. The Census Bureau has increased the product

options available to data users in an effort to meet a variety

of requirements and maximize the usefulness of the data.

For example,laser discs,called CD-ROM (compact disc—readonly memory), are a new data delivery medium.

The Census Bureau also has expanded services and

sources of assistance available to data users. For example, the State Data Center Program has been expanded to

include over 1,400 organizations to provide data and

services to the public.

This appendix provides a detailed introduction to the

1990 census data products and related materials, such as

maps and reference publications. It concludes by describing sources of assistance and other Census Bureau data

available to the public.

DATA PRODUCTS

Printed reports and computer tape files traditionally are

the most widely used products. The Census Bureau also

offers data on microfiche, on CD-ROM laser discs, and

through its online service, CENDATATM. These various

products are described below. For information about prices

and how to order, write or call Customer Services. (See the

‘‘Sources of Assistance’’ section for the address and

phone number.)

The data products present statistics about the subjects

covered in the 1990 census questionnaires. These subjects are listed in figure 1, page F–7. As the figure shows,

there are 100-percent subjects (those covered in questions asked of everyone or about every housing unit) and

sample subjects (those covered in questions asked at

about one out of every six housing units). Generally, a data

product presents either 100-percent data prepared by

tabulating the responses to the 100-percent questions

from all questionnaires, or sample data prepared by tabulating only the responses to the 100-percent and sample

questions from the ‘‘long-form’’ questionnaires. Two report

series, 1990 CPH-3 and 1990 CPH-4 (see figure 2, page

F–8), present both 100-percent and sample data.

Printed Reports

Printed reports are the most convenient and readily

available source of data for most census users. The

Census Bureau releases the reports in several series (see

figure 2) that are grouped under three broad titles: 1990

Census of Population and Housing (1990 CPH), 1990

Census of Population (1990 CP), and 1990 Census of

Housing (1990 CH). There also are reports, not reflected in

figure 2, for the outlying areas of the Pacific. The reports

are sold by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. (See the ‘‘Sources of Assistance’’

section for the address and phone number.)

In several series, there are separate reports for each

State. The geographic coverage of the State reports is

listed in figure 2. The United States summaries for these

report series contain, for the most part, data for the United

States, regions, divisions, States, metropolitan areas (MA’s),

urbanized areas (UA’s), counties, American Indian and

Alaska Native areas, places with 10,000 or more persons,

and other large substate areas (for example, county subdivisions, such as towns and townships, with 10,000 or

more persons in selected States).

Report series that present data for small areas, such as

census tracts, contain limited subject-matter detail (for

example, counts of people by age ranges—under 5 years,

5 to 9 years, etc.—rather than by single years). Report

series that include greater amounts of subject-matter detail

include less geographic detail.

Computer Tape Files

The Census Bureau provides more data on tape and

other machine-readable products than in printed reports.

These products are sold by the Census Bureau’s Customer Services. There are several general types of data

files released on computer tape (available on both reels

and cartridges). They are introduced below, and more

information is presented in figures 3 and 4, pages F–11

through F–13.

Public Law 94-171 Data—This data file presents the

counts designed and formatted for use in legislative redistricting. These counts also are available on CD-ROM

and paper listings. Excerpts are available on

CENDATATM. The counts, for areas as small as blocks,

census tracts, and voting districts, include totals for population, race groups, persons of Hispanic origin, population

18 years and over, and housing units. (See figure 4.)

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Summary Tape Files (STF’s)— These computer tape files

provide statistics with greater subject-matter detail than

printed reports. They also present statistics for some types

of areas, such as block groups and blocks, that are not

included in the reports. (See figure 3.)

Here are some important features of STF’s:

• Each STF presents a particular set of data tables for

specific types of geographic areas.

• Each STF has three or more file types (indicated by a

letter suffix attached to the STF number) that differ in the

geographic levels reported, but contain the same data

detail.

• STF’s 1 and 2 contain 100-percent data, and STF’s 3

and 4 offer sample data.

• STF’s 1 and 3 report on smaller areas and offer less

data detail than STF’s 2 and 4.

• STF’s 1 through 4 offer greater data detail than the 1980

STF’s 1 through 4.

Subject Summary Tape Files (SSTF’s)—These files are

the source of the subject reports and provide greater

subject-matter detail than the STF’s. They present data for

the United States, regions, and divisions, and, in some

cases, also for States, counties, and large cities. (See

figure 4.)

Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) Files—These

computer tape files (see figure 4) contain data from

samples of long-form housing-unit records (‘‘microdata’’) for large geographic areas. Each sample housingunit record includes essentially all the 1990 census data

collected about each person in a sample household and

the characteristics of the housing unit. Information that

could be used to identify an individual or a housing unit is

not included in the file.

Microdata files enable users to prepare customized

tabulations and cross-tabulations of most items on the

census questionnaire. There are two PUMS files:

• A file presenting a 5-percent sample of housing units in

which each household record includes codes to let the

user know in what area, such as a group of counties, a

single county, or a place, the household is located. Each

area identified must have a population of at least 100,000

and boundaries that do not cross State lines.

• A file presenting a 1-percent sample of housing units. Its

household records include codes associating them with

MA’s and other large areas, the boundaries of which

may cross State lines. (For the 1980 census, there were

two files with 1-percent samples. The 1-percent sample

showing data for selected urbanized areas and other

large areas will not be produced for the 1990 census.)

Other Special Computer Tape Files—Other files include

the Census/ Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Special

File and the County-to-County Migration File. (See figure

4.) The Census Bureau may prepare additional special

files.

Microfiche

Block statistics are available on microfiche as they were

for the 1980 census. The microfiche present, in table

format, a subset of the tabulations for census blocks found

in STF 1B (see figure 3). In the 1990 census, for the first

time, the entire land area of the Nation and its possessions

was block-numbered. This increased the number of blocks

for which the Census Bureau provides data from 2.5 million

in 1980 to 7 million for 1990. The cost and storage of block

data of this magnitude would be prohibitive if the data were

published in printed reports.

STF’s 1A and 3A are available on microfiche, as well. As

noted in figure 3, they provide data for a variety of

geographic areas. Also, all printed reports are offered on

microfiche from Customer Services soon after they are

published.

Compact Disc—Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)

For the 1990 census, the Public Law (P.L.) 94-171 file;

an extract of STF 1B that presents selected statistics for

blocks; and STF’s 1A, 1C, 3A, 3B, and 3C are also

available on CD-ROM. (One 4 3/ 4-inch CD-ROM, a type of

optical or laser disc, can hold the contents of approximately 1,600 flexible diskettes, or three or four highdensity computer tapes.)

Online Information Systems

The Census Bureau began CENDATATM, its online

information service, in 1984. CENDATATM is accessible

through two information vendors, CompuServe and

DIALOG. A number of Census Bureau reports, in whole

or in part, are offered online. For the 1990 census,

CENDATATM provides up-to-date information about the

availability of data products and carries selections of State,

county, MA, and place data from the P.L. 94-171 tape file

and STF’s 1 and 3.

Custom Data Products

These products are for users who require unique tabulations that are not included in standard products; for

example, information for locally defined geographic areas.

Users also can order special microdata files.

The cost of preparing custom products must be paid by

the users who request them. Any data that the Census

Bureau provides in these products are subject to the same

standards applied to other data to ensure that confidential

individual information is not revealed.

User-Defined Areas Program (UDAP) Tabulations—

UDAP can provide a set of predefined data tables for

locally defined areas that do not correspond to standard

1990 census geographic areas. Users identify the geographic areas of interest to them by delineating boundaries

around groupings of census blocks on 1990 census County

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Block Maps or by electronically submitting the geographic

components of their area of interest. (A contact for more

information is given in the ‘‘Sources of Assistance’’ section.)

Special Tabulations—The Census Bureau can prepare

special data tabulations for any specific geographic or

subject-matter area. Users should rely on standard reports,

tapes, microfiche, or user-defined area tabulations whenever possible, since special tabulations tend to be substantially more expensive and take time to arrange and produce. (Contacts for more information are given in the

‘‘Sources of Assistance’’ section.)

GEOGRAPHIC PRODUCTS

Maps

Census Bureau maps are necessary for virtually all uses

of small-area 1990 census data. They are needed to locate

the specific geographic areas for which the census provides data and to study the spatial relationship of the data

for analytic purposes. The Census Bureau prepares a

variety of 1990 census maps. Among the most useful are

these four series:

County Block Maps—These maps show census blocks

and their numbers; boundaries for statistical and governmental entities, such as census tracts and places; and

physical features. The P.L. 94-171 version of these maps

also shows voting district boundaries in those States that

furnished them. The maps are prepared on electrostatic

plotters by county (or equivalent entity) with one or more

map sheets each, depending on the size and shape of the

area and the density of the block pattern. An average

county requires 20 map sheets. The maps may be purchased from Customer Services.

County Subdivision Outline Maps—Maps in this Statebased series present the boundaries of the counties,

county subdivisions, places, American Indian and Alaska

Native areas (including off-reservation trust lands), tribal

designated statistical areas, and tribal jurisdiction statistical areas. Electrostatic-plotter copies are available for

purchase from Customer Services. Also, they appear on

multiple page-size sheets in the State reports of these

series: 1990 CPH-1, 1990 CPH-2, 1990 CPH-5, 1990 CP-1,

1990 CP-2, 1990 CH-1, and 1990 CH-2.

Census Tract/ Block Numbering Area (BNA) Outline

Maps—Maps in this county-based series depict census

tract or BNA boundaries and numbers, and the features

underlying the boundaries. They also show governmental

units in relation to the census tracts/ BNA’s. Customer

Services sells electrostatic-plotter copies, and the Superintendent of Documents sells printed copies.

Voting District Outline Maps—Maps in this county-based

series depict voting district boundaries (for those counties

for which States furnished boundary information) and the

features underlying the boundaries. They also show governmental unit boundaries in relation to the voting districts.

They are prepared on electrostatic plotters and sold by

Customer Services.

Geographic Publications

The Geographic Identification Code Scheme report in

the 1990 CPH-R series shows the 1990 census geographic area codes and Federal information processing

standards (FIPS) codes, as appropriate, for States, metropolitan areas, counties, county subdivisions, places, American Indian and Alaska Native areas, and other entities,

along with some descriptive information about the codes.

The code scheme also is offered on computer tape.

Machine-Readable Geographic Files

All 1990 census summary tape files include 1990 census geographic area codes, FIPS codes, certain area

names, land and inland water area in square kilometers,

geographic coordinates for an internal point for each

entity, and other geographic information.

The Census Bureau developed an automated geographic data base, known as the TIGER (Topologically

Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing) System, to produce the geographic products for the 1990

census. TIGER provides coordinate-based digital map

information for the entire United States, Puerto Rico, the

U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Pacific territories over which

the United States has jurisdiction.

The TIGER System has significantly improved the utility

of 1990 census maps and geographic reference products.

Extract files generated from the TIGER System permit

users, with appropriate software, to perform such tasks as

linking the statistical data in the P.L. 94-171 file or the

STF’s and displaying selected characteristics on maps or a

video display screen at different scales and with whatever

boundaries they select for any geographic area of the

country. For example, a map for a particular county could

show the distribution of the voting age population by city

block.

The first extract of selected geographic and cartographic information intended for computer applications,

such as plotting maps and building geographic information

systems, is called the TIGER/ LineTM files. TIGER/ LineTM

files contain attributes for the segments of each boundary

and feature (for example, roads, railroads, and rivers),

including 1990 census geographic codes for adjacent

areas, latitude/ longitude coordinates of segment end points

and the curvature of segments, the name and type of the

feature, and the relevant census feature class code identifying the feature segment by category. TIGER/ LineTM

files also furnish address ranges and associated ZIP

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Codes for each side of street segments in major urban

areas; provide the names of landmarks, such as lakes and

golf courses; and include other information.

TIGER/ LineTM files and other TIGER System extracts,

such as TIGER/ BoundaryTM and TIGER/ DataBaseTM, are

released on computer tape and, in some cases, CD-ROM.

For information on TIGER extract files, contact Customer

Services.

REFERENCE MATERIALS

The Census Bureau issues several reference publications for data users. Some are sold by the Superintendent

of Documents; others are distributed free by Customer

Services. Addresses and phone numbers for the Superintendent of Documents and Customer Services are given in

the following section.

• 1990 Census of Population and Housing, Guide. This

guide, in the 1990 CPH-R report series, provides detailed

information about all aspects of the census and a

comprehensive glossary of census terms. Sold by the

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

• 1990 Census of Population and Housing Tabulation and

Publication Program. A free report describing 1990

census products, comparing 1990 products with those

of 1980, and more. Request from Customer Services.

• Census ’90 Basics. A free booklet covering how the

1990 census data were collected and processed, the full

range of data products, the maps and geographic files,

and more, but with less detail than the Guide (above).

Request from Customer Services.

• Census ABC’s—Applications in Business and Community. A free booklet that highlights key information about

the 1990 census and illustrates a variety of ways the

data can be used. Request from Customer Services.

• Strength in Numbers. A free, tabloid-size booklet designed

to assist people in using 1990 census data in redistricting. Among other features, it includes illustrations of

maps and Public Law 94-171 counts. Request from

Customer Services.

• TIGER: The Coast-to-Coast Digital Map Data Base. A

free booklet describing the structure and uses of the

Census Bureau’s TIGER System. Request from Customer Services.

• Census and You. The Census Bureau’s monthly newsletter for data users. It reports on the latest 1990 census

developments, selected new publications and computer

tape files, other censuses and surveys, developments in

services to users, and upcoming conferences and training courses. Subscriptions are sold by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

• Monthly Product Announcement. A free monthly listing

of all new Census Bureau publications; microfiche; maps;

data files on tape, diskettes, or CD-ROM; and technical

documentation. To subscribe, contact Customer Services.

• Census Catalog and Guide. A comprehensive annual

description of data products, statistical programs, and

services of the Census Bureau. It provides abstracts of

the publications, data files, microfiche, maps, and items

online. In addition, the Catalog/ Guide offers such features as information about censuses and surveys and

telephone contact lists of data specialists at the Census

Bureau, the State Data Centers, and other data processing service centers. It is sold by the Superintendent of

Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Users also can get listings of new Census Bureau

products, updated daily, by subscribing to the Daily List.

This information and selected statistics are available online

through CENDATATM, the Census Bureau’s online information service. For more information, contact Customer

Services.

SOURCES OF ASSISTANCE

U.S. Bureau of the Census

The Census Bureau’s Customer Services sells most of

the machine-readable data products, microfiche, and maps

described earlier. (The 1990 census printed reports are

sold by the Superintendent of Documents, as noted below.)

Also, users may consult with specialists at the Census

Bureau’s Washington headquarters and its 12 regional

offices. From time to time, the specialists also conduct

workshops, seminars, and training courses.

Washington, DC, Contacts—To order products, for a

telephone contacts list of Census Bureau specialists, and

for general information: Customer Services, U.S. Bureau

of the Census, Washington, DC 20233, telephone 301-

763-4100 (fax number, 301-763-4794).

For User-Defined Areas Program (UDAP) information:

UDAP Staff, Decennial Planning Division, U.S. Bureau of

the Census, Washington, DC 20233, telephone 301-763-

4282.

For special tabulation information: Population—Rosemarie Cowan, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the

Census, Washington, DC 20233, telephone 301-763-5476;

Housing—William Downs, Housing and Household Economic Statistics, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington,

DC 20233, telephone 301-763-8553.

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Regional Office Contacts—

Atlanta, GA 404-347-2274

Boston, MA 617-565-7078

Charlotte, NC 704-371-6144

Chicago, IL 312-353-0980

Dallas, TX 214-767-7105

Denver, CO 303-969-7750

Detroit, MI 313-354-4654

Kansas City, KS 913-236-3711

Los Angeles, CA 818-904-6339

New York, NY 212-264-4730

Philadelphia, PA 215-597-8313

Seattle, WA 206-728-5314

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government

Printing Office

The Superintendent of Documents handles the sale of

most of the Federal Government’s publications, including

1990 census reports. To order reports and for information:

Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing

Office, Washington, DC 20402, telephone 202-783-3238.

Other Sources of Products and Services

State Data Centers—The Census Bureau furnishes data

products, training in data access and use, technical assistance, and consultation to all States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. State

Data Centers, in turn, offer publications for reference,

printouts from computer tape, specially prepared reports,

maps, and other products and assistance to data users.

For a list of the State Data Centers, see the Census

Catalog and Guide or contact Customer Services. The list

also notes organizations in States participating in the

Census Bureau’s Business/ Industry Data Center (BIDC)

Program. The BIDC’s help business people, economic

development planners, and other data users obtain and

use data.

National Services Program—The National Services Program (NSP) provides data-related services for nationally

based nonprofit organizations that represent minorities or

other segments of the population who have been historically undercounted in decennial censuses. The participants include social service, business, professional, civil

rights, educational, and religious groups. Through a pilot

project, the National Services Information Center (NSIC)

Initiative, three of these nonprofit groups now offer their

clientele reports, computer tape printouts, and other information from the Census Bureau. To learn more about the

NSP and the NSIC, write to the National Services Program,

Data User Services Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC 20233, or call 301-763-1384.

National Clearinghouse—The National Clearinghouse for

Census Data Services is a listing of private companies and

other organizations that offer assistance in obtaining and

using data released by the Census Bureau. For a list of

participants in the National Clearinghouse, see the Census

Catalog and Guide or contact Customer Services.

Depository Libraries—There are 1,400 libraries that receive

(from the Government Printing Office) Federal publications

that they think their patrons will need. Often some of these

publications are Census Bureau reports. The Census Bureau

provides free reports to an additional 120 census depository libraries. Also, many libraries purchase census reports

and maps for their areas. The Census Catalog and Guide

includes a list of all depository libraries.

OTHER CENSUS BUREAU RESOURCES

The Census Bureau has more to offer than just the

results of the census of population and housing. Through

other censuses, surveys, and estimates programs, it compiles and issues (in reports, computer tape, and other

media) data on subjects as diverse as appliance sales,

neighborhood conditions, and exports to other countries.

Here are examples of the information published about—

• People: Age, race, sex, income, poverty, child care,

child support, fertility, noncash benefits, education, commuting habits, pension coverage, unemployment, ancestry.

• Business and industry: Number of employees, total payroll, sales and receipts, products manufactured or sold.

• Housing and construction: Value of new construction,

numbers of owners and renters, property value or rent

paid, housing starts, fuels used, mortgage costs.

• Farms: Number, acreage, livestock, crop sales.

• Governments: Revenues and expenditures, taxes, employment, pension funds.

• Foreign trade: Exports and imports, origin and destination, units shipped.

• Other nations: Population, birth rates, death rates, literacy, fertility.

The other censuses, such as agriculture, retail trade,

manufactures, and governments, are collected for years

ending in ‘‘2’’ and ‘‘7.’’ Surveys and estimates programs

generate results as often as every month.

Many of the monthly ‘‘economic indicators’’ that measure how the Nation is doing come directly or indirectly

from the Census Bureau. Examples: employment and

unemployment; housing starts; wholesale and retail trade;

manufacturers’ shipments, inventories, and orders; export

and import trade; and sales of single-family homes.

The other statistical activities of the Census Bureau are

described below. Data users will find more information

about them and descriptions of their data products in the

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annual Census Catalog and Guide. Also, special guides

and brochures are prepared for most of them. Contact the

Census Bureau’s Customer Services for more information.

Current Demographic and Housing Programs

Two types of current programs complement the 10-year

census: population estimates and surveys. The total population of the United States is estimated monthly; the

population of States, counties, and metropolitan areas is

estimated annually; and the population of places and other

governmental units is estimated every 2 years. Projections

of future population are made at the national and State

levels.

The Census Bureau’s many household surveys update

population and housing characteristics at the national level

and sometimes for States and metropolitan areas, as well.

These surveys also obtain many characteristics not included

in the 10-year census. The Current Population Survey is

taken monthly; the American Housing Survey national

sample is taken biennially; the American Housing Survey

metropolitan sample is taken in 44 areas, 11 per year in a

4-year cycle; most other surveys are annual or less frequent.

Economic Censuses and Surveys

The economic censuses provide statistics about business establishments once every 5 years, covering years

ending in ‘‘2’’ and ‘‘7.’’ The 1987 Economic Censuses

include the censuses of retail trade, wholesale trade,

service industries, transportation, manufactures, mineral

industries, and construction industries. Also included are

related programs, such as statistics on minority- and

women-owned businesses, enterprise statistics, and censuses of economic activity in Puerto Rico and some of the

outlying areas under U.S. jurisdiction.

Several key statistics are tabulated for all industries

covered in the censuses. They are number of establishments, number of employees, payroll, and measure of

output (sales or receipts, and value of shipments or of work

done). Other items vary from sector to sector.

The Census Bureau also has programs that provide

current statistics on such measures as total sales of

particular kinds of businesses or production of particular

products. These programs include monthly, quarterly, and

annual surveys, the results of which appear in publication

series such as Current Business Reports and Current

Industrial Reports. The County Business Patterns program

offers annual statistics based on data compiled primarily

from administrative records.

Agriculture Census and Surveys

The agriculture census is conducted concurrently with

the economic censuses. It is the only source of uniform

agriculture data at the county level. It provides data on

such subjects as the number and size of farms; land use

and ownership; livestock, poultry, and crops; and value of

products sold.

Results of three surveys—the 1988 Farm and Ranch

Irrigation Survey, 1988 Census of Horticulture Specialties,

and 1988 Agricultural Economics and Land Ownership

Survey—are published in conjunction with the 1987 Census of Agriculture. Also, the Census Bureau regularly

issues reports from a survey on cotton ginnings.

Governments Census and Surveys

The census of governments, also for years ending in

‘‘2’’ and ‘‘7,’’ covers all types of governments: Federal,

State, county, municipal (place), township (county subdivision), school district, and special district. It provides data

on such subjects as number of public employees, payrolls,

revenue, and expenditures.

Annual and quarterly surveys cover the same principal

subjects but generate data only for States and the largest

local governments.

Foreign Trade Statistics

Monthly U.S. merchandise trade data compiled by the

Census Bureau summarize export and import transactions

and are based on the official documents filed by shippers

and receivers. These figures reflect the flow of merchandise but not intangibles like services and financial commitments. The trade figures trace commodity movements out

of and into the U.S. Customs jurisdiction, which includes

Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands as well as the 50

States and the District of Columbia. Data are published

separately on trade between the United States and Puerto

Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and other U.S. possessions.

Other Statistical Activities

The Census Bureau also offers international data. It

maintains an international data base which is available to

the public on computer tape and is used to produce the

biennial World Population Profile report. It prepares studies

dealing with the demographic and economic characteristics of other countries and world regions.

Statistical compendia are another important data product. These publications (sometimes also offered in machinereadable form) draw data from many sources and reorganize them for convenient use. The most widely used

compendia are the annual Statistical Abstract of the United

States, the County and City Data Book (published every 5

years), and the State and Metropolitan Area Data Book

(published approximately every 4 years).

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Figure 1. 1990 Census Content

100-PERCENT COMPONENT

Population Housing

Household relationship Number of units in structure

Sex Number of rooms in unit

Race Tenure—owned or rented

Age Value of home or monthly rent

Marital status Congregate housing (meals included in rent)

Hispanic origin Vacancy characteristics

SAMPLE COMPONENT

Population Housing

Social characteristics: Year moved into residence

Education—enrollment and attainment Number of bedrooms

Place of birth, citizenship, and year of entry into U.S. Plumbing and kitchen facilities

Ancestry Telephone in unit

Language spoken at home Vehicles available

Migration (residence in 1985) Heating fuel

Disability Source of water and method of sewage disposal

Fertility Year structure built

Veteran status Condominium status

Farm residence

Economic characteristics: Shelter costs, including utilities

Labor force

Occupation, industry, and class of worker

Place of work and journey to work

Work experience in 1989

Income in 1989

Year last worked

NOTE: Questions dealing with the subjects covered in the 100-percent component were asked of all persons and housing units. Those covered by

the sample component were asked of a sample of the population and housing units.

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Figure 2. 1990 Census Printed Reports

Series Title

Report(s)

issued for Description Geographic areas

1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND HOUSING (1990 CPH)

100-Percent Data

1990

CPH-1

Summary Population and Housing

Characteristics

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Population and housing

unit counts, and summary

statistics on age, sex,

race, Hispanic origin,

household relationship,

units in structure, value

and rent, number of

rooms, tenure, and

vacancy characteristics

Local governmental units (i.e.,

counties, places, and towns and

townships), other county subdivisions, and American Indian and

Alaska Native areas

1990

CPH-2

Population and

Housing Unit

Counts

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Total population and

housing unit counts for

1990 and previous censuses

States, counties, county subdivisions, places, State component

parts of metropolitan areas (MA’s)

and urbanized areas (UA’s), and

summary geographic areas (for

example, urban and rural)

100-Percent and Sample Data

1990

CPH-3

Population and

Housing Characteristics for Census Tracts and

Block Numbering

Areas

MA’s, and the

nonmetropolitan

balance of each

State, Puerto

Rico, and U.S.

Virgin Islands

Statistics on 100-percent

and sample population

and housing subjects

In MA’s: census tracts/ block numbering areas (BNA’s), places of

10,000 or more inhabitants, and

counties. In the remainder of each

State: census tracts/ BNA’s, places

of 10,000 or more, and counties

1990

CPH-4

Population and

Housing Characteristics for Congressional Districts

of the 103rd Congress

States and DC Statistics on 100-percent

and sample population

and housing subjects

Congressional districts (CD’s) and,

within CD’s, counties, places of

10,000 or more inhabitants, county

subdivisions of 10,000 or more

inhabitants in selected States, and

American Indian and Alaska Native

areas

Sample Data

1990

CPH-5

Summary Social,

Economic, and

Housing Characteristics

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Statistics generally on

sample population and

housing subjects

Local governmental units (i.e.,

counties, places, and towns and

townships), other county subdivisions, and American Indian and

Alaska Native areas

1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION (1990 CP)

100-Percent Data

1990

CP-1

General Population

Characteristics

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Detailed statistics on age,

sex, race, Hispanic origin,

marital status, and household relationship characteristics

States, counties, places of 1,000

or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 1,000 or more inhabitants in selected States, State parts

of American Indian areas, Alaska

Native areas, and summary geographic areas such as urban and

rural

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Figure 2. 1990 Census Printed Reports—Con.

Series Title

Report(s)

issued for Description Geographic areas

1990 CENSUS OF POPULATION (1990 CP)—Con.

100-Percent Data—Con.

1990

CP-1-1A

General Population

Characteristics for

American Indian

and Alaska Native

Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on age,

sex, race, Hispanic origin,

marital status, and household relationship characteristics

American Indian and Alaska Native

areas; i.e., American Indian reservations, off-reservation trust lands,

tribal jurisdiction statistical areas

(Oklahoma), tribal designated statistical areas, Alaska Native village

statistical areas, and Alaska Native

Regional Corporations

1990

CP-1-1B

General Population

Characteristics for

Metropolitan Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on age,

sex, race, Hispanic origin,

marital status, and household relationship characteristics

Individual MA’s. For MA’s split by

State boundaries, summaries are

provided both for the parts and for

the whole MA

1990

CP-1-1C

General Population

Characteristics for

Urbanized Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on age,

sex, race, Hispanic origin,

marital status, and household relationship characteristics

Individual UA’s. For UA‘s split by

State boundaries, summaries are

provided both for the parts and for

the whole UA

Sample Data

1990

CP-2

Social and Economic CharacteristicsU.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Statistics generally on

sample population subjects

States (including summaries such

as urban and rural), counties,

places of 2,500 or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 2,500

or more inhabitants in selected

States, Alaska Native areas, and

the State portion of American

Indian areas

1990

CP-2-1A

Social and Economic Characteristics for American

Indian and Alaska

Native Areas

U.S. Statistics generally on

sample population subjects

American Indian and Alaska Native

areas, as for CP-1-1A

1990

CP-2-1B

Social and Economic Characteristics for Metropolitan AreasU.S. Statistics generally on

sample population subjects

Individual MA’s, as for

CP-1-1B

1990

CP-2-1C

Social and Economic Characteristics for Urbanized

Areas

U.S. Statistics generally on

sample population subjects

Individual UA’s, as for

CP-1-1C

1990

CP-3

Population Subject

Reports

Selected subjects Approximately 30 reports

on population census subjects such as migration,

education, income, the

older population, and

racial and ethnic groups

Generally limited to the U.S.,

regions, and divisions; for some

reports, other highly populated

areas such as States, MA’s, counties, and large places

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Figure 2. 1990 Census Printed Reports—Con.

Series Title

Report(s)

issued for Description Geographic areas

1990 CENSUS OF HOUSING (1990 CH)

100-Percent Data

1990

CH-1

General Housing

Characteristics

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Detailed statistics on units

in structure, value and

rent, number of rooms,

tenure, and vacancy characteristics

States, counties, places of 1,000

or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 1,000 or more inhabitants in selected States, State parts

of American Indian areas, Alaska

Native areas, and summary geographic areas such as urban and

rural

1990

CH-1-1A

General Housing

Characteristics for

American Indian

and Alaska Native

Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on units

in structure, value and

rent, number of rooms,

tenure, and vacancy characteristics

American Indian and Alaska Native

areas; i.e., American Indian reservations, trust lands, tribal jurisdiction statistical areas (Oklahoma),

tribal designated statistical areas,

Alaska Native village statistical

areas, and Alaska Native Regional

Corporations

1990

CH-1-1B

General Housing

Characteristics for

Metropolitan Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on units

in structure, value and

rent, number of rooms,

tenure, and vacancy characteristics

Individual MA’s. For MA’s split by

State boundaries, summaries are

provided both for the parts and for

the whole MA

1990

CH-1-1C

General Housing

Characteristics for

Urbanized Areas

U.S. Detailed statistics on units

in structure, value and

rent, number of rooms,

tenure, and vacancy characteristics

Individual UA’s. For UA’s split by

State boundaries, summaries are

provided both for the parts and for

the whole UA

Sample Data

1990

CH-2

Detailed Housing

Characteristics

U.S., States, DC,

Puerto Rico, and

U.S. Virgin

Islands

Statistics generally on

sample housing subjects

States (including summaries such

as urban and rural), counties,

places of 2,500 or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 2,500

or more inhabitants in selected

States, Alaska Native areas, and

State parts of American Indian

areas

1990

CH-2-1A

Detailed Housing

Characteristics for

American Indian

and Alaska Native

Areas

U.S. Statistics generally on

sample housing subjects

American Indian and Alaska Native

areas, as in 1990

CH-1-1A

1990

CH-2-1B

Detailed Housing

Characteristics for

Metropolitan Areas

U.S. Statistics generally on

sample housing subjects

Individual MA’s, as in 1990

CH-1-1B

1990

CH-2-1C

Detailed Housing

Characteristics for

Urbanized Areas

U.S. Statistics generally on

sample housing subjects

Individual UA’s, as in 1990

CH-1-1C

1990

CH-3

Housing Subject

Reports

Selected subjects Approximately 10 reports

on housing census subjects such as structural

characteristics and space

utilization

Generally limited to U.S., regions,

and divisions; for some reports,

other highly populated areas such

as States, MA’s, counties, and

large places

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Figure 3. 1990 Census Summary Tape Files

Summary Tape File

(STF 1A, 1B, etc.)

and data type

(100 percent or

sample)1 Geographic areas Description

A2 3 States, counties, county subdivisions, places, census

tracts/ block numbering areas (BNA’s), block groups

(BG’s). Also Alaska Native areas and State parts of American Indian areas

Over 900 cells/ items of 100-

percent population and housing

counts and characteristics for each

geographic area

B2 3 States, counties, county subdivisions, places, census

tracts/ BNA’s, BG’s, blocks. Also Alaska Native areas and

State parts of American Indian areas

STF 1 C3

(100 percent)

U.S., regions, divisions, States (including summaries such

as urban and rural), counties, places of 10,000 or more

inhabitants, county subdivisions of 10,000 or more inhabitants in selected States, metropolitan areas (MA’s), urbanized areas (UA’s), American Indian and Alaska Native

areas

D Congressional districts (CD’s) of the 103rd Congress by

State; and within each CD: counties, places of 10,000 or

more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 10,000 or more

inhabitants in selected States, Alaska Native areas, and

American Indian areas

A In MA’s: counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants,

and census tracts/ BNA’s. In the remainder of each State:

counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants, and census tracts/ BNA’s

Over 2,100 cells/ items of 100-

percent population and housing

counts and characteristics for each

geographic area. Each of the STF

2 files will include a set of tabulations for the total population and

separate presentations of tabulations by race and Hispanic origin

STF 2 B

(100 percent)

States (including summaries such as urban and rural),

counties, places of 1,000 or more inhabitants, county subdivisions, State parts of American Indian areas, and Alaska

Native areas

C U.S., regions, divisions, States (including summaries such

as urban and rural), counties, places of 10,000 or more

inhabitants, county subdivisions of 10,000 or more inhabitants in selected States, all county subdivisions in New

England MA’s, American Indian and Alaska Native areas,

MA’s, UA’s

A2 3 States, counties, county subdivisions, places, census

tracts/ BNA’s, BG’s. Also Alaska Native areas and State

parts of American Indian areas

Over 3,300 cells/ items of sample

population and housing characteristics for each geographic area

B3 Five-digit ZIP Codes within each State

STF 3 C3

(Sample)

U.S., regions, divisions, States, counties, places of 10,000

or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 10,000 or more

inhabitants in selected States, American Indian and Alaska

Native areas, MA’s, UA’s

D CD’s of the 103rd Congress by State; and within each CD:

counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants, county

subdivisions of 10,000 or more inhabitants in selected

States

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Figure 3. 1990 Census Summary Tape Files—Con.

Summary Tape File

(STF 1A, 1B, etc.)

and data type

(100 percent or

sample)1 Geographic areas Description

A In MA’s: counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants,

and census tracts/ BNA’s. In the remainder of each State:

counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants, and census tracts/ BNA’s

Over 8,500 cells/ items of sample

population and housing characteristics for each geographic area.

Each of the STF 4 files will include

a set of tabulations for the total

population and separate presentations of tabulations by race and

Hispanic origin.

STF 4 B

(Sample)

State (including summaries such as urban and rural), counties, places of 2,500 or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 2,500 or more inhabitants in selected States, all

county subdivisions in New England MA’s, State parts of

American Indian areas, and Alaska Native areas

C U.S., regions, divisions, States (including urban and rural

and metropolitan and nonmetropolitan components), counties, places of 10,000 or more inhabitants, county subdivisions of 10,000 or more inhabitants in selected States, all

county subdivisions in New England MA’s, American Indian

and Alaska Native areas, MA’s, UA’s

1

Similar STF’s will be prepared for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

2

Also available on microfiche. STF 1B microfiche provides only part of the data for blocks and other areas in the tape file.

3

Also available on laser disc (CD-ROM). STF 1B CD-ROM presents the same file extract as STF 1B microfiche.

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Figure 4. Other 1990 Census Data Products

Title Description Geographic areas

Subject Summary

Tape Files

About 20 computer tape files used to produce

the subject reports (1990 CP-3 and 1990 CH-3

series). On the average, a file is the source of

two subject reports

U.S., regions, divisions, States, metropolitan

areas ( MA’s), and large counties and

places

Public Law 94-171

Data File (redistricting

data)

Counts by total, race, and Hispanic origin for

the total population and population 18 years

old and over, and counts of housing units.

Available on tape, CD-ROM, and paper listings

States, counties, county subdivisions,

places, census tracts/ block numbering

areas (BNA’s), block groups (BG’s), and

blocks; voting districts where States have

identified them for the Census Bureau; and

American Indian and Alaska Native areas

Census/ Equal Employment Opportunity

(EEO) Special File

Sample tabulations showing detailed occupations and educational attainment data by age;

cross tabulated by sex, Hispanic origin, and

race

Counties, MA’s, places of 50,000 or more

inhabitants

County-to-County

Migration File

Summary statistics for all intra-state county-tocounty migration streams and significant interstate county-to-county migration streams. Each

record will include codes for the geographic

area of destination, and selected characteristics of the persons who made up the migration

stream

States, counties

Public Use Microdata

Sample (PUMS) Files

Machine-readable files containing a sample of

individual long-form census records showing

most population and housing characteristics

but with identifying information removed

5 Percent—PUMS

Areas

County groups, counties, county subdivisions, and places with 100,000 or more

inhabitants

1 Percent—Metropolitan Areas (1990)MA’s and other large areas with 100,000 or

more inhabitants

User-Defined Areas

Tabulations

A set of standard tabulations provided on printouts, tapes, or other products with maps and

narrative (if requested)

User-defined areas created by aggregating

census blocks

Special Tabulations User-defined tabulations for specified geographic areas provided on printouts, tapes, or

other products

User-defined areas or standard areas

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APPENDIX G.

Ancestry Code List

ANCESTRY

This section contains the code list for ancestry categories. Each person enumerated in the census had the opportunity

to enter two distinct ancestry identities which indicated his or her ethnic origin. Each entry received one of the unique

three-digit codes listed below. However, not all ancestry entries are listed. The ancestry codes can be aggregated to create

commonly recognized national groupings. For example, the code for Walloon can be collapsed with other ‘‘Belgian’’ entries

to form a national grouping representative of an area in Europe. National groupings can also be collapsed to represent

continental areas. For example, Belgium can be added to France and other European clusters to form a representation of

that continent. The abbreviation for not elsewhere classified is ‘‘n.e.c.’’

000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)

000-001 ALSATIAN

000-001 Alsace Lorraine

002 ANDORRAN

002 Andorra

003-004 AUSTRIAN

003 AUSTRIAN

003 Austria

004 TIROL

004 Tirol

005-007 BASQUE

005 BASQUE

005 Euskalduna

005 Euzkadi

006 FRENCH BASQUE

007 SPANISH BASQUE

007 Vasco

008-010 BELGIAN

008 BELGIAN

008 Belgium

009 FLEMISH

009 Flanders

009 Fleming

009 Vlamand

010 WALLOON

011-014 BRITISH

011 BRITISH

011 Great Britain

011 United Kingdom

012 BRITISH ISLES

013 CHANNEL ISLANDER

000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)—Con.

013 Guernsey Islander

013 Jersey Islander

014 GIBRALTAR

015 CORNISH

015 Cornwall

016 CORSICAN

016 Corsica

017-019 CYPRIOT

017 CYPRIOT

017 Cyprus

018 GREEK CYPRIOTE

019 TURKISH CYPRIOTE

020 DANISH

020 Denmark

021 DUTCH

021 Holland

021 Netherlands

022 ENGLISH

022 Anglican

022 England

022 Mayflower

023 FAEROE ISLANDER

023 Faeroe Islands

024-025 FINNISH

024 FINNISH

024 Finland

025 KARELIAN

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–1
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000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)—Con.

026-027 FRENCH

026 FRENCH

026 France

026 Gascon

026 Hugenot

026 Normandy

027 LORRAINE

028 BRETON

028 Breizh

028 Bretagne

028 Brittany

029 FRISIAN

029 Friesian Islands

030-031 FRIULIAN

030 FRIULIAN

030 Friuli

030 Furlan

031 LADIN

032-045 GERMAN

032 GERMAN

032 Germany

033 BAVARIA

034 BERLIN

035 HAMBURG

036 HANNOVER

037 HESSIAN

038 LUBECKER

039 POMERANIAN

040 PRUSSIAN

041 SAXON

042 SUDETENLANDER

043 WESTPHALIAN

044 EAST GERMAN

045 WEST GERMAN

045 Palatinate

045 Rhineland

046-048 GREEK

046 GREEK

046 Greece

047 CRETAN

048 CYCLADES

048 Dodecanese Islander

048 Peloponnesian

049 ICELANDER

049 Iceland

050 IRISH

050 Black Irish

000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)—Con.

050 Clare

050 Cork

050 Donegal

050 Dubliner

050 Eire

050 Galway

050 Ireland

050 Irish Free State

050 Kerry

050 Kildare

050 Kilkenny

050 Laoighis

050 Leitrim

050 Leix

050 Limerick

050 Longford

050 Louth

050 Mayo

050 Meath

050 Monaghan

050 Offaly

050 Roscommon

050 Sligo

050 Tipperary

050 Waterford

050 Westmeath

050 Wexford

050 Wicklow

051-074 ITALIAN

051 ITALIAN

051 Istria

051 Italy

052 TRIESTE

053 ABRUZZI

054 APULIAN

054 Apulia

055 BASILICATA

055 Lucania

056 CALABRIAN

057 AMALFIN

057 Campania

058 EMILIA ROMAGNA

059 ROME

059 Lazio

059 Vatican City

060 LIGURIAN

061 LOMBARDIAN

062 MARCHE

063 MOLISE

064 NEAPOLITAN

G–2 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
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000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)—Con.

065 PIEDMONTESE

066 PUGLIA

067 SARDINIAN

068 SICILIAN

068 Sicily

069 TOSCANA

069 Tuscany

070 TRENTINO

071 UMBRIAN

072 VALLE DAOST

073 VENETIAN

073 Venezia Giulia

074 SAN MARINO

075 LAPP

075 Lapland

075 Samelat

076 LIECHTENSTEINER

076 Liechtenstein

077 LUXEMBURGER

077 Luxemburg

078 MALTESE

078 Gozo

078 Malta

079 MANX

079 Isle of Man

080 MONEGASQUE

080 Monaco

081 NORTH IRISH

081 Antrim

081 Armagh

081 Derry

081 Down

081 Fermanagh

081 Londonderry

081 Northern Ireland

081 Orangeman

081 Tyrone

081 Ulster

082 NORWEGIAN

082 Jan Meyen Islander

082 Norway

082 Spitsbergen

082 Svalbard Islander

083 OCCITAN

083 Provence

000-099 WESTERN EUROPE (EXCEPT

SPAIN)—Con.

084-086 PORTUGUESE

084 PORTUGUESE

084 Lusitania

084 Luso

084 Portugal

085 AZORES ISLANDER

086 MADEIRA ISLANDER

087 SCOTCH-IRISH

087 Scot-Irish

088 SCOTTISH

088 Orkney Islander

088 Pict

088 Scot

088 Scotland

088 Shetland Islander

089-090 SWEDISH

089 SWEDISH

089 Sweden

090 ALAND ISLANDER

091-096 SWISS

091 SWISS

091 Switzerland

092 SUISSE

093 SWITZER

093-094 Schweiz

095 ROMANSCH

096 SUISSE ROMANE

096 Ticino

097 WELSH

097 Wales

098 SCANDINAVIAN

098 Nordic

098 Scandinavia

099 CELTIC

099 Celtic

100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION

100 ALBANIAN

100 Albania

100 Arberesh

100 Gheg

100 Italo Albanian

100 Kossovo

100 Tosc

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–3
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100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION—Con.

101 AZERBAIJANI

101 Adjerbaijani

101 Azerbaidzhan

101 Azeri

102 BELORUSSIAN

102 Byelorussian

103 BULGARIAN

103 Bulgaria

103 Bulgaro Macedonian

103 Eastern Rumelian

104-105 CARPATHO RUSYN

104 CARPATHO RUSYN

104 Carpatho Rus

104 Carpatho Russian

104 Carpatho Ruthenian

105 CARPATHIAN

106 RUSYN

106 Rus

106 Rusin

106 Rusnak

107 RUTHENIAN

107 Ruthenia

108 COSSACK

108 Don Cossack

108 Orenburg Cossack

108 Terek Cossack

108 Ural Cossack

109-110 CROATIAN

109 Croatia

109 Dalmatian

109-110 Zadar

111-113 CZECH

111 CZECH

112 BOHEMIAN

113 MORAVIAN

114 CZECHOSLOVAKIAN

114 Czechoslovakia

114 Tczechoslovakia

115-116 ESTONIAN

115 ESTONIAN

115 Estonia

116 LIVONIAN

117-119 FINNO UGRIAN

117 FINNO UGRIAN

100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION—Con.

117 Komi

117 Mari

117 Udmurt

118 MORDOVIAN

119 VOYTAK

120-121 GRUZIIA

120-121 Gruzinets

122-123 GERMAN FROM RUSSIA

122 GERMAN FROM RUSSIA

123 VOLGA

123 Black Sea German

123 Volhynian German

124 ROM

124 Boyash

124 Cali

124 Dom

124 Gitanos

124 Gypsy

124 Kalderash

124 Luri

124 Manouche

124 Nat

124 Romnichal

124 Senti

124 Xoraxaya

125-126 HUNGARIAN

125 HUNGARIAN

125 Hungary

125 Szekler

126 MAGYAR

127 KALMYK

127 Kalmuck

128 LATVIAN

128 Latvia

128 Lettish

129 LITHUANIAN

129 Jmoud

129 Lithuania

130 MACEDONIAN

130 Macedonia

130 Slavophone

131 MONTENEGRIN

131 Orna Gora

132-141 NORTH CAUCASIAN

G–4 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
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100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION—Con.

132 NORTH CAUCASIAN

132 Abkhazian

132 Adyge

132 Avar

132 Caucasus Mountains

132 Chechen

132 Daghestan

132 Darghinian

132 Gortsy

132 Ingush

132 Kabardinian

132 Lezghian

132 Tavlintsy

133 NORTH CAUCASIAN TURKIC

133 Adzharian

133 Balkar

133 Cherkess

133 Circassian

133 Karachay

133-139 Kumyk

140-141 OSSETIAN

142-143 POLISH

142 POLISH

142 Gorali

142 Masurian

142 Poland

142 Polonia

142 Polska

143 KASHUBIAN

144-147 ROMANIAN

144 ROMANIAN

144 Romania

144 Transylvania

145 BESSARABIAN

145 Dobruja

146 MOLDAVIAN

147 WALLACHIAN

147 Vlach

148-151 RUSSIAN

148 RUSSIAN

148 Black Russian

148 Great Russian

148 Red Russian

148 Rossiya

148-149 Russia

150-151 MUSCOVITE

152 SERBIAN

152 Serb

100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION—Con.

153 SLOVAK

153 Slovakian

153 Slovjak

154-155 SLOVENE

154 SLOVENE

154 Slovenc

154 Slovenian

154 Slovenski

155 SORBIAN/ WEND

155 Lusatian Serb

155 Sorb

155 Wend

155 Wendish

156-163 SOVIET TURKIC

156 SOVIET TURKIC

156 Soviet Turk

157 BASHKIR

158 CHUVASH

159 GAGAUZ

160 MESKNETIAN

161-162 TUVINIAN

163 YAKUT

164 SOVIET UNION

164 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

165-167 TATAR

165 TATAR

165 Crimean Tatar

165 Kazan Tatar

165 Nogay Tatar

165 Polish Tatar

165-166 Volga Tatar

167 SOVIET CENTRAL ASIA

167 Kurile Islander

167 Sakhalin Islander

167 Siberian

168-170 TURKESTANI

168 TURKESTANI

168 Karakalpak

168 Kazak

168 Kirghiz

168 Tadzhik

168 Turcoman

168 Turkestani

168 Turkmen

168 Turkoman

168 Uiger

169-170 UZBEG

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–5
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100-180 EASTERN EUROPE AND SOVIET

UNION—Con.

171-174 UKRAINIAN

171 UKRANIAN

171 Little Russian

171 Malo Russian

171 Ukraine

172 LEMKO

172 Lemkian

173 BIOKO

174 HUSEL

175 WINDISH

175 Prekmurje

175 Windisch

176-177 YUGOSLAVIAN

176 YUGOSLAVIAN

176 Jugoslavia

177 HERZEGOVINIAN

177 Bosanci

177 Bosnian Muslim

177 Bosnjaci

178-180 SLAVIC

178 SLAVIC

178 Slav

179-180 SLAVONIAN

181-199 EUROPE, N.E.C.

181 EUROPE, N.E.C.

181 Central European

181-182 Middle European

183 NORTHERN EUROPEAN

183-184 North Europe

185 SOUTHERN EUROPEAN

185-186 South Europe

187 WESTERN EUROPEAN

187-189 West Europe

190 EASTERN EUROPEAN

190 Byzantine

190 East Europe

191-192 BUKOVINA

193-194 SILESIAN

195 EUROPEAN

196 GALICIAN

196-199 Galicia

200-299 HISPANIC CATEGORIES

(INCLUDING SPAIN)

200-203 SPANIARD

200-299 HISPANIC CATEGORIES

(INCLUDING SPAIN)—Con.

200 SPANIARD

200 Espanola

200 Iberian

200 Spain

201 ANDALUSIAN

202 ASTURIAN

203 CASTILLIAN

204-209 CATALONIAN

204 CATALONIAN

204 Catalonia

205 BALEARIC ISLANDER

205 Mallorca

206 GALLEGO

207 VALENCIAN

208-209 CANARY ISLANDER

210-218 MEXICAN

210 MEXICAN

211 MEXICAN AMERICAN

212 MEXICANO

213 CHICANO

214-217 LA RAZA

218 MEXICAN STATE

218 Aguascalientes

218 Baja California

218 Campeche

218 Chiapas

218 Chihuahua

218 Coahuila

218 Colima

218 Distrito Federal

218 Durango

218 Guanajuato

218 Guerrero

218 Hidalgo

218 Jalisco

218 Mexico

218 Michoacan

218 Morelos

218 Nayarit

218 Nuevo Leon

218 Oaxaca

218 Puebla

218 Queretaro

218 Quintana Roo

218 San Luis Potosi

218 Sinaloa

218 Sonora

218 Tabasco

218 Tamaulipas

G–6 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
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200-299 HISPANIC CATEGORIES

(INCLUDING SPAIN)—Con.

218 Tlaxcala

218 Vera Cruz

218 Yucatan

218 Zacatecas

219-221 COSTA RICAN

219 Costa Rica

219-221 Costarricense

222 GUATEMALAN

222 Guatemala

223 HONDURAN

223 Honduras

224 NICARAGUAN

224 Nicaragua

225 PANAMANIAN

225 Panama

226 SALVADORAN

226 El Salvador

226 Salvadorian

227-228 CENTRAL AMERICAN

227-228 Central America

229-230 CANAL ZONE

231 ARGENTINEAN

231 Argentine

232 BOLIVIAN

232 Bolivia

233 CHILEAN

233 Chile

234 COLOMBIAN

234 Antiochio

234 Colombia

235 ECUADORIAN

235 Ecuador

235 Galapagos Islander

236 PARAGUAYAN

236 Paraguay

237 PERUVIAN

237 Peru

238 URUGUAYAN

238 Uruguay

200-299 HISPANIC CATEGORIES

(INCLUDING SPAIN)—Con.

239 VENEZUELAN

239 Venezuela

240-248 CRIOLLO

240-248 Criolla

249 SOUTH AMERICAN

249 America Del Sur

249 Sudamerica

250-260 LATIN AMERICAN

250 LATIN AMERICAN

250 America Latina

250 Latinoamericana

251 LATIN

252-260 LATINO

261-270 PUERTO RICAN

261 Boricua

261 Borinquena

261 New York Puerto Rican

261 Puerto Rico

261-270 Puertorriqueno

271-274 CUBAN

271 Cuba

271 Cubana

271-274 Guajiro

275 DOMINICAN

275 Dominican Republic

275 Dominicana

275 Santo Domingo

276-290 HISPANIC

276-290 Hispano

291-299 SPANISH

292 CALIFORNIO

293 TEJANO

293 Tejana

294 NUEVO MEXICANO

295-299 SPANISH AMERICAN

300-359 WEST INDIES (EXCEPT

HISPANIC)

300 BAHAMIAN

300 Bahamas

301 BARBADIAN

301 Barbados

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–7
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300-359 WEST INDIES (EXCEPT

HISPANIC)—Con.

302 BELIZEAN

302 Belize

302 British Honduran

303 BERMUDAN

303 Bermuda

304-307 CAYMAN ISLANDER

308-309 JAMAICAN

308-309 Jamaica

310-313 DUTCH WEST INDIES

310 DUTCH WEST INDIES

310 Black Dutch

310 Netherlands Antilles

311 ARUBA ISLANDER

311 Bonaire Islander

311 Curacao Islander

312-313 ST. MAARTEN ISLANDER

312 Saba Islander

312-313 St. Eustatius Islander

314-316 TRINIDADIAN TOBAGONIAN

314 TRINIDADIAN TOBAGONIAN

315 TRINIDADIAN

316 TOBAGONIAN

317-320 U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDER

317 U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDER

318 ST. CROIX ISLANDER

318 Crucian

318 Santa Cruz

319 ST. JOHN ISLANDER

320 ST. THOMAS ISLANDER

321-331 BRITISH WEST INDIES

321 BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDER

321 Tortolan

321 Virgin Gorda

321 Anegada

321 Jost Van Dyke

321 Peter and Norman

322 BRITISH WEST INDIAN

322 British West Indies

323 TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDER

324 ANGUILLA ISLANDER

325 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA

325 Antigua

325 Barbuda

325 Redonda Islander

326 MONTSERRAT ISLANDER

327 KITTS-NEVIS ISLANDER

327 St. Christopoher Islander

300-359 WEST INDIES (EXCEPT

HISPANIC)—Con.

327 Sombrero Islander

327 St. Kitts

327 Nevis

328 DOMINICA ISLANDER

329 GRENADIAN

329 Grenada Islander

330 VINCENT-GRENADINE ISLANDER

330 St. Vincent Island

330 Vincentian

330 Grenadines Islander

331 ST. LUCIA ISLANDER

332-334 FRENCH WEST INDIES

332 FRENCH WEST INDIES

332 French West Indian

333 GUADELOUPE ISLANDER

333 Martinicois

333 Martinique Islander

334 CAYENNE

334 French Guiana

334 French Guianese

334 Guyane

335 WEST INDIAN

335 West Indies

335 Arawak

335 Caribs

335 Caribbean

335 Garifuna

336-359 HAITIAN

336-359 Haiti

360-399 CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA

(EXCEPT HISPANIC)

360-364 BRAZILIAN

360-364 Brazil

365-369 SAN ANDRES

370-374 GUYANESE

370 British Guiana

370-374 Guyana

375-379 PROVIDENCIA

380-399 SURINAM

380 Dutch Guiana

380-399 Netherlands Guiana

400-499 NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA

400-401 ALGERIAN

G–8 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
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400-499 NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA—Con.

400-401 Algeria

402-403 EGYPTIAN

402 Copt

402 Egypt

402-403 Fellahin

404-405 LIBYAN

404-405 Libya

406-407 MOROCCAN

406 MOROCCAN

406 Moor

407 IFNI

408-410 TUNISIAN

408-410 Tunisia

411 NORTH AFRICAN

412 ALHUCEMAS

412 Ceuta

412 Chafarinas

412 Melilla

413 BERBER

414 RIO DE ORO

414 Saguia El Hamra

415 BAHRAINI

415 Bahrain

416 IRANIAN

416 Iran

416 Parsi

416 Persia

417-418 IRAQI

417-418 Iraq

419-420 ISRAELI

419-420 Israel

421-422 JORDANIAN

421 JORDANIAN

421 Hashemite

421 Jordan

422 TRANSJORDAN

423-424 KUWAITI

423-424 Kuwait

425-426 LEBANESE

425 Lebanon

425-426 Maronite

400-499 NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA—Con.

427-428 SAUDI ARABIAN

427-428 Saudi Arabia

429-430 SYRIAN

429 Djebel Druze

429 Latakia

429-430 Syria

431-433 ARMENIAN

431-433 Armenia

434 TURKISH

434 Turkey

435 YEMENI

435 Yemen Arab Republic

436-441 OMANI

436 OMANI

437 MUSCAT

438 TRUCIAL STATES

438 Trucial Oman

439-440 QATAR

441 BEDOUIN

442-464 KURDISH

442-443 KURDISH

444-464 KURIA MURIA ISLANDER

465-469 PALESTINIAN

465 PALESTINIAN

466 GAZA STRIP

467-469 WEST BANK

470-479 SOUTH YEMEN

470 SOUTH YEMEN

470 Democratic Republic of Yemen

471-479 ADEN

480-481 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

480 Abu Dhabi

480 Ajman

480 Dubai

480 Fujairah

480 Ras Al Kaimah

480 Sharjah

480-481 Umm Al Qaiwain

482-489 ASSYRIAN

482 Aramean

482 Assyria

482 Chaldean

482 Chaldo

482 Jacobite

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–9
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 10 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

400-499 NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA—Con.

482 Kaldany

482 Kaldu

482 Kasddem

482 Kasdu

482 Nestorian

482-489 Telkeffee

490-494 MIDEAST

490-494 Middle Eastern

495-499 ARAB

495 ARAB

495 Arabia

496-499 ARABIC

500-599 SUBSAHARAN AFRICA

500-501 ANGOLAN

500 Angola

500-501 Cabinda

502-503 BENIN

502 Dahomey

502-503 Fon

504-505 BOTSWANA

504-505 Bechuana

506-507 BURUNDIAN

506-507 Urundi

508-509 CAMEROONIAN

508 Cameroon

508-509 Fako

510-511 CAPE VERDEAN

510 Brava

510-511 Cape Verde Islander

512 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

512 Ubangi Shari

513-514 CHADIAN

513-514 Chad

515-518 CONGOLESE

515 CONGOLESE

516-518 CONGO BRAZZAVILLE

519 DJIBOUTI

519 Afars And Issas

519 Jibuti

520-521 EQUATORIAL GUINEA

500-599 SUBSAHARAN AFRICA—Con.

520 EQUATORIAL GUINEA

520 Rio Muni

521 CORSICO ISLANDER

521 Annobon Islander

521 Bioko Islander

521 Elobeis Islander

521 Fernando Po Islander

522-524 ETHIOPIAN

522 ETHIOPIAN

522 Abyssinia

522 Ethiopia

523-524 ERITREAN

525-526 GABONESE

525-526 Gabon

527-528 GAMBIAN

527-528 Gambia

529 GHANIAN

529 Ashanti

529 Ghana

529 Gold Coast

529 TWI

530 GUINEAN

530 Guinea

531 GUINEA BISSAU

532-533 IVORY COAST

534-537 KENYAN

534-537 Kenya

538-540 LESOTHO

538-540 Basuto

541-542 LIBERIAN

541-542 Liberia

543-544 MADAGASCAN

543-544 Madagascar

545 MALAWIAN

545 Malawi

546 MALIAN

546 Mali

547-548 MAURITANIAN

547-548 Mauritania

549 MOZAMBICAN

549 Mozambique

G–10 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 11 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

500-599 SUBSAHARAN AFRICA—Con.

550 NAMIBIAN

550 Namibia

551-552 NIGER

553-560 NIGERIAN

553 NIGERIAN

553 Nigeria

554 FULAH

554 Fulani

555 HAUSA

556 IBO

557 TIV

558-560 YORUBA

561-563 RWANDAN

561-563 Rwanda

564-565 SENEGALESE

564 Dakar

564-565 Senegal

566-567 SIERRA LEONEAN

566-567 Sierra Leone

568 SOMALIAN

568 Somali Republic

568 Somalia

569 SWAZILAND

570-573 SOUTH AFRICAN

570 SOUTH AFRICAN

571 UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA

571 Orange Free State

571 Pretoria

571 Transkei

571 Transvaal

572 AFRIKANER

572 Boer

573 NATALIAN

574-575 ZULU

574-575 Zululand

576-581 SUDANESE

576 SUDANESE

576 Sudan

577 DINKA

578 NUER

579 FUR

579 Darfur

580-581 BAGGARA

582-585 TANZANIAN

500-599 SUBSAHARAN AFRICA—Con.

582 TANZANIAN

582 Tanzania

583 TANGANYIKAN

584-585 ZANZIBAR ISLANDER

586-587 TOGO

586-587 Togoland

588 UGANDAN

588 Lugbara

588 Uganda

589-590 UPPER VOLTAN

589 UPPER VOLTAN

590 VOLTA

591 ZAIRIAN

591 Belgian Congo

591 Congo Kinshasa

591 Zaire

592 ZAMBIAN

592 Zambia

593 ZIMBABWEAN

593 Rhodesia

593 Zimbabwe

594-595 AFRICA ISLANDS (EXCEPT

MADAGASCAR)

594 AFRICA ISLANDS

594 Comoros Islander

594 Principe Islander

594 Reunion Islander

594 Sao Tome Islander

594 Seychelles Islander

594 St. Helena Islander

594 St. Pierre Islander

594 Tristan De Cunha Islander

595 MAURITIAN

595 Mauritius Islander

596-599 SUBSAHARAN AFRICAN, N.E.C.

596 CENTRAL AFRICAN

596 Central Africa

596 Middle Congo

597 EAST AFRICAN

597 East Africa

597 Galla

597 Kikuyu

597 Masai

598 WEST AFRICAN

598 West Africa

599 AFRICAN

599 Africa

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–11
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 12 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

600-699 SOUTH ASIA

600-602 AFGHANISTAN

600 AFGHANISTAN

601 BALUCHISTAN

602 PATHAN

603-606 BANGLADESHI

603 Bangladesh

603-606 East Pakistan

607-608 BHUTANESE

607-608 Bhotan

609-614 NEPALI

609-614 Nepal

615-679 ASIAN INDIAN

615 ASIAN INDIAN

615 Behar

615 Dravidian

615 Hindu

615 Indo Aryan

615 Sikh

616-617 KASHMIR

618-619 BENGALI

620-621 EAST INDIAN

622 ANDAMAN ISLANDER

622-623 Nocobar Islander

624-625 ANDHRA PRADESH

626-627 ASSAMESE

628-629 GOANESE

630-631 GUJARATI

632-633 KARNATAKAN

634-635 KERALAN

636-637 MADHYA PRADESH

638-639 MAHARASHTRAN

640-641 MADRAS

642-643 MYSORE

644-645 NAGALAND

646-647 ORISSA

648-649 PONDICHERRY

650-651 PUNJAB

652-653 RAJASTHAN

654-655 SIKKIM

656-657 TAMIL NADU

658-674 UTTAR PRADESH

675-679 EAST INDIES

680-689 PAKISTANI

680 Jammu

680 Pakistan

680 Sind

680-689 West Pakistan

690-694 SRI LANKAN

600-699 SOUTH ASIA—Con.

690 SRI LANKAN

690 Ceylon

690 Sri Lanka

691 SINGHALESE

692-694 VEDDAH

695-699 MALDIVIAN

695 Kampuchean

695-699 Maldive Islander

700-799 OTHER ASIA

700-702 BURMESE

700 BURMESE

700 Cachin

700 Karen

700 Mon

700-701 Palaung

702 SHAN

703-705 CAMBODIAN

703 CAMBODIAN

703 Cambodia

703 Kampuchea

704-705 KHMER

706-711 CHINESE

706 CHINESE

706 China

706 Jehol

706 Sino Chinese

706 Yao

707 CANTONESE

708 MANCHURIA

709-711 MANDARIN

712-713 MONGOLIAN

712 Buriat

712-713 Mongolia

714-715 TIBETAN

714-715 Tibet

716-717 HONG KONG

716 Hong Kong Chinese

716 Eastern Archipelago

716-717 Riau Islander

718-719 MACAO

720-729 FILIPINO

720 Cebuanos

720 Philippines

G–12 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 13 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

700-799 OTHER ASIA—Con.

720-729 Tagalog

730-739 INDONESIAN

730 INDONESIAN

730 Ascension Islander

730 Bangka

730 Billiton

730 Celebes Islander

730 Dutch East Indian

730 Indonesia

730 Molucca Islander

730 Portuguese Timor

730 Spice Islander

730-731 Sulawesi Islander

732-733 BORNEO

734-735 JAVA

736-739 SUMATRA

740-745 JAPANESE

740 JAPANESE

740 Japan

740 Nipponese

741 ISSEI

742 NISEI

743 SANSEI

744 YONSEI

745 GONSEI

746-747 RYUKYU ISLANDER

746-747 Northern Ryukyu Islander

748-749 OKINAWAN

748-749 Okinawa

750-764 KOREAN

750 Chosen

750-764 Korea

765-767 LAOTIAN

765 LAOTIAN

765 Lao

765 Laos

766-767 MEO

768-769 HMONG

768 Hmongtana

768 Laohmong

768-769 Mong

770 MALAYSIAN

770 Malaysia

770 Sakai

770 Semang

700-799 OTHER ASIA—Con.

770 Senoi

771-773 NORTH BORNEO

771 Brunei

771 Sabah

771-773 Sarawak

774-775 SINGAPOREAN

774-775 Singapore

776-781 THAI

776 THAI

776 Siam

776 Thailand

777 BLACK THAI

777 Thai Dam

778-781 WESTERN LAO

782 TAIWANESE

782 Taiwan

783-784 FORMOSAN

783-784 Formosa

785-789 VIETNAMESE

785 VIETNAMESE

785 Anam

785 Vietnam

786 KATU

787 MA

788-789 MNONG

790-791 MONTAGNARD

790-791 Cham

792 INDO CHINESE

792 Indochina

793 EURASIAN

793 Indoeuropean

794 AMERASIAN

795-799 ASIAN

795 Asia

795-799 Orient

800-899 PACIFIC

800-802 AUSTRALIAN

800 AUSTRALIAN

800 Australia

800 New South Wales

800 Northern Territory

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–13
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 14 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

800-899 PACIFIC—Con.

800 Queensland

800 Victoria

801 TASMANIAN

802 AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINE

803-807 NEW ZEALANDER

803-807 New Zealand

808-810 POLYNESIAN

808 POLYNESIAN

808 Norfolk Islander

809 KAPINGAMARANGAN

809 Nukuoroan

810 MAORI

811-813 HAWAIIAN

811 HAWAIIAN

811 Mixed Hawaiian

811-812 Native Hawaiian

813 PART HAWAIIAN

814, 861 SAMOAN

814 SAMOAN

814 Samoa

861 PART-SAMOAN

815 TONGAN

815 Tonga

816 TOKELAUAN

816 Tokelau Islander

817 COOK ISLANDER

818 TAHITIAN

818 French Polynesia

818 Society Islander

819 NIUEAN

820 MICRONESIAN

820 Micronesia Islander

820 U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific

821-822 GUAMANIAN

821 GUAMANIAN

821 Guam

822 CHAMORRO ISLANDER

823 SAIPANESE

823 Northern Marianas Islander

823 Saipan Islander

824 PALAUAN

825 MARSHALLESE

825 Marshall Islander

800-899 PACIFIC—Con.

826 KOSRAEAN

827 PONAPEAN (POHNPEIAN)

827 Mokilese

827 Ngatikese

827 Pingelapese

828 TRUKESE (CHUUKESE)

828 Hall Islander

828 Mortlockese

828 Namanouito

828 Pulapese

828 Pulasukese

828 Pulawatese

828 Tamatamian

828 Ulul

829 YAPESE

830 CAROLINIAN

830 Eauripikese

830 Faisian

830 Ifalukese

830 Lamotrekese

830 Satawalese

830 Ulithian

830 Woleaian

831 KIRIBATESE

831 Gilbertese

832-833 NAURUAN

832 NAURUAN

833 TARAWA ISLANDER

834-839 TINIAN

840 MELANESIAN

841-842 FIJIAN

841-842 Fiji

843-844 NEW GUINEAN

843 NEW GUINEAN

844 PAPUAN

845 SOLOMON ISLANDER

845 British Solomons

846 NEW CALEDONIAN

847-849 VANUATUAN

847 New Hebrides Islander

847-849 Ni Vanuatu

850-859 PACIFIC ISLANDER

G–14 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 15 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

800-899 PACIFIC—Con.

850 Campbell Islander

850 Christmas Islander

850 Kermadec Islander

850 Midway Islander

850 Phoenix Islander

850-859 Wake Islander

860 PACIFIC

860 Oceania

861 See SAMOAN (code 814)

862 CHAMOLINIAN

863-899 RESERVE CODE

864 RESERVE CODE 1

865 RESERVE CODE 2

866 RESERVE CODE 3

867 RESERVE CODE 4

868 RESERVE CODE 5

869 RESERVE CODE 6

870 RESERVE CODE 7

871 RESERVE CODE 8

872 RESERVE CODE 9

873 RESERVE CODE 10

874 RESERVE CODE 11

875 RESERVE CODE 12

876 RESERVE CODE 13

877 RESERVE CODE 14

878 RESERVE CODE 15

879 RESERVE CODE 16

880 RESERVE CODE 17

881 RESERVE CODE 18

882 RESERVE CODE 19

883 RESERVE CODE 20

884 RESERVE CODE 21

885 RESERVE CODE 22

886 RESERVE CODE 23

887 RESERVE CODE 24

888 RESERVE CODE 25

889 RESERVE CODE 26

890 RESERVE CODE 27

891 RESERVE CODE 28

892 RESERVE CODE 29

893 RESERVE CODE 30

894 RESERVE CODE 31

895 RESERVE CODE 32

896 RESERVE CODE 33

897 RESERVE CODE 34

898 RESERVE CODE 35

899 RESERVE CODE 36

900-994 NORTH AMERICA (EXCEPT HISPANIC)

900-912 AFRICAN AMERICAN

900 AFRO AMERICAN

901 AFRO

902 AFRICAN AMERICAN

903 BLACK

904 NEGRO

905 NONWHITE

906 COLORED

906 Bilalian

906 Nigritian

907 CREOLE

908-912 MULATTO

913-923 NATIVE AMERICAN

913 CENTRAL AMERICAN INDIAN

914-918 SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN

919 CHEROKEE

920 AMERICAN INDIAN

921 ALEUT

922 ESKIMO

923 INUIT

924-928 WHITE

924 WHITE

924 Caucasian

925 ANGLO

925 Swamp Yankee

925-926 Wasp

927 APPALACHIAN

927 Hillbilly

928 ARYAN

929 PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN

929 Amish

929 Pennsylvania Dutch

929 Mennonite

929 Hutterite

930 GREENLANDER

931-934 CANADIAN

931 CANADIAN

931 Albertan

931 British Columbia

931 Canada

931 Labrador

931 Manitoba

931 New Brunswick

931 Ontario

931 Prince Edward Islander

931 Saskatchewan

931-932 Yukon

933 NEWFOUNDLAND

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–15
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 16 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

900-994 NORTH AMERICA (EXCEPT

HISPANIC)—Con.

934 NOVA SCOTIA

935 FRENCH CANADIAN

935 Canadien

935 Franco American

935 Quebec

935 Quebecois

936-938 ACADIAN/ CAJUN

936 ACADIAN

936 Acadia

937-938 CAJUN

939 AMERICAN

940-992 UNITED STATES

940 UNITED STATES

941 ALABAMA

942 ALASKA

943 ARIZONA

944 ARKANSAS

945 CALIFORNIA

946 COLORADO

947 CONNECTICUT

948 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

949 DELAWARE

950 FLORIDA

951 IDAHO

952 ILLINOIS

953 INDIANA

954 IOWA

955 KANSAS

956 KENTUCKY

957 LOUISIANA

958 MAINE

959 MARYLAND

960 MASSACHUSETTS

961 MICHIGAN

962 MINNESOTA

963 MISSISSIPPI

964 MISSOURI

965 MONTANA

966 NEBRASKA

967 NEVADA

968 NEW HAMPSHIRE

969 NEW JERSEY

970 NEW MEXICO

971 NEW YORK

972 NORTH CAROLINA

973 NORTH DAKOTA

974-975 OHIO

976 OKLAHOMA

977 OREGON

900-994 NORTH AMERICA (EXCEPT

HISPANIC)—Con.

978 PENNSYLVANIA

979 RHODE ISLAND

980 SOUTH CAROLINA

981 SOUTH DAKOTA

982 TENNESSEE

983 TEXAS

984 UTAH

985 VERMONT

986 VIRGINIA

987 WASHINGTON

988 WEST VIRGINIA

989 WISCONSIN

990 WYOMING

991-992 GEORGIA

993 SOUTHERNER

994 NORTH AMERICAN

994 North America

995-999 RESIDUAL AND NO

RESPONSE

995 MIXTURE

996-997 UNCODABLE ENTRIES

998 OTHER RESPONSES

998 Adventist

998 Agnostic

998 Apostolic

998 Ashkenazim Jew

998 Atheist

998 Bahai

998 Baptist

998 Brethren

998 Buddhist

998 Catholic

998 Christian

998 Christian Scientist

998 Congregationalist

998 Episcopal

998 Evangelist

998 Hebrew

998 Holiness

998 Islam

998 Jain

998 Jehovahs Witnesses

998 Jewish

998 Latter Day Saints

998 Lutheran

998 Methodist

998 Mormon

998 Muslim

998 Orthodox

G–16 ANCESTRY CODE LIST
 JOBNAME: No Job Name PAGE: 17 SESS: 43 OUTPUT: Wed Sep 2 15:07:17 1992 / node2/ F main F / 90dec/ s1/ 2/ appg

995-999 RESIDUAL AND NO

RESPONSE—Con.

998 Pentecostal

998 Presbyterian

998 Protestant

998 Quaker

998 Roman Catholic

998 Salvation Army

995-999 RESIDUAL AND NO

RESPONSE—Con.

998 Sephardic

998 Seventh Day Adventist

998 Shiite

998 Unitarian

998 Yiddish

998 Zoroastrian

999 NOT REPORTED

ANCESTRY CODE LIST G–17