XCs-120 - CESIUM CATALYST 


SULFURIC ACID CATALYST 

UPPER AND LOWER BED APPLICATIONS 

Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc. offers a ribbed ring shaped, cesium-promoted 

sulfuric acid catalyst specifically designed for pressure drop reduction in all beds of the 

converter. This product is designated: "XCs-120". 

This product is designated XCs-120 (for use in all beds where appropriate); the "X" 

representing the eXtended surface area of these rings. Installation of the "XCs-120" 

catalyst will result in a pressure drop decrease in excess of 20 % to Cs-ll0 rings and 

approximately a 10 % reduction in pressure drop relative to Cs-120 rings. 

IIMonsanto's Cesium catalyst has allowed 

us to keep our emission levels well below 

100 ppm."JI 

SCX-2000 I XCs-120 Specifications: 

Nominal Ring Diameter "Point to Point" =0.48 in (11.9 mm) 

Average Length =0.38 - 0.55 in. (9.5 - 14.0 mm) 

A vg. Density =1.1 - 1.3 lb/liter (0.50 - 0.60 kg/liter) 

Contact your Monsanto Enviro-Chem sales representative or the local Monsanto EnviroChern offices for more technical details and for ordering information. 

M€CS 


A Monsanto Company 

ASIA EUROPE SOUTH AMERICA 14522 South Outer Forty Road 

Hong Kong. China Brussels. Belgium Sao Paulo. Brazil St. Louis. Missouri 63017 

Phone: 852-2832-8829 Phone: 32-2-658-2620 Phone: 55-11-5503-2600 Phone: 314275-5700 

Fax: 852-2907-0033 Fax: 32-2-658-2621 Fax: 55-11-5508-6799 Fax: 314 275-5701 

hk.enviroch@monsanto.com enviroeur@monsanlo.com brazil.enviroch@monsanto.com en viroch @monsanto.com 
. . ': ~~ ..: ~ , 

. ., ~ 

Catal st for Sulfuric Acid " .::..:?oo, 

Cesium-Promoted Ribbed Rings 

"MECS's Cesium Catalyst has allowed us to keep our emissions 

well below 100 parts per million': 

Our Catalyst and Process specialists will help you value engineer the best 


MECS Catalyst products to optimize throughput, energy efficiency and reliability 


for all your converter passes. Both SCX-2000 and XCs-120 provide benefits 


from the unique ribbed hollow rings. This design feature results in lower 


pressure drop characteristics for your converter. The extremely active Cesium 


component generates the highest conversion rates possible. 


scx - XCs Applications 

SCX-2000: Passes 4. or 5 


immediately after IPA 


XCs-120: All Converter 


Passes 


M€CS 

www.mecsglobal.com 

North America 

14522 South Outer Forty Road 

Chesterfield. Missouri 63017 USA 

Tel: 314-275-5700 

Fax: 314-275-5701 

E-mail: northamerica@goldwing.mecsglobal.com 

Hong Kong. China 

MECS Far East Umited 

Unit 2802 281F, 88 Hing Fat St. 

Causeway Bay 

Hong Kong, CHINA 

Tel: 852-2832-8829 

Fax: 852-2907-0033 

E-mail: hongkong@goldwing.mecsglobal.com 

Brussels. Belgium 

MECS Europe/Africa BVSA 

Rozendal, gebouw B 

Terhulpsesteenweg 6 

B-1560 Hoeilaart BELGIUM 

Tel: 32-2-658-2620 

Fax:32-2~2621 

E-mail: europe-africa@goldwlng.mecsglobal.com 

Sao Paulo. Brazil 

MECS Quimica Ind. Com. Ltda 

Rua Schilling, 413 - Sala 405 

Sao Paulo 05302-001 BRAZIL 

Tel: 55-11-3644-7788 

Fax: 55-11-36449065 

to MECS. Inc. 2( i7 brazil@goldwing.mecsglobal.com
M€CS 


www.mecsglobal.com Cesium-Promoted Ribbed Rings 

MECS offers Cesium-Promoted and SUPER Cesium Catalyst in a ribbed ring 

design for very high conversion rates and low pressure drop. 

XLP-ll0 Ribbed Rings 

XLP-220 Ribbed Rings 

SCX-2000 Ribbed Rings 

XCs-120 Ribbed Rings 

• LP-110 Rings T-210 Pellen 

T-ll Pellets 

Super Cesium by MEC5 has the industry's highest conversion rate. 

The SCX-2000 Super Cesium Catalyst by MECS is designed for 

lower pass converter applications - with or without Interpass 

Absorption and is ideal for reducing 802 emissions in volume-limited 

beds. In addition, you can benefit from a 20% increase in activity 

relative to standard Cesium-Promoted Catalysts under IPA conditions. 

The XCs-120 Cesium-Promoted MECS Catalyst is specially designed 

for lower pressure drop in all beds of the converter. Installation of the 

XCs-120 MECS Catalyst will result in a pressure drop decrease of up to 

20% compared to ring type catalysts and offers faster plant start ups 

due to lower ignition temperatures. Contact your MEC8 sales engineer 

for recommendations and to tailor the best MECS catalyst combination 

Cesium Product Highlights 

Super Cesium SCX-20aO 

• Higher plant production rates from 

Cesium-enhanced support formulation. 

• 	Lower ignition temperatures result in 

faster start ups and higher conversion. 

• Lower acid plant stack emissions. 

Cesium-Promoted XCs-720 

• 	Designed for lower pressure drop in all 

beds of the converter. 

• Extended surface area and improved 

dust management. 

• 	Ignition temperature at approximately 

360 degrees C/680 degrees F 

SCX-2000/XCs-720 

Nominal Dimensions 

Point to Point Diameter =Approx. 72 mm 

Inside Diameter = Approx. 4.0 mm 

Average length =Approx. 73.0 mm 

Applications 

SCX-2000: Passes 4, or 5, immediately 

after IPA. 

XCs-720: All Converter Passes 

CATALYST 


for your particular converter design and acid plant operating 

requirements. 
M€ CS.JNC. 


14522 South Outer Forty Rd. 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

314-275-5700 

314-275-5701 FAX 

www.mecsglobal.com 

SULFURIC ACID CATALYST TECHNOLOGY 

- Presented by: Atis Vavere - Catalyst Technology Manager, MECS, Inc. 

INTRODUCTION 

Vanadium-based sulfuric acid catalyst has been utilized to oxidize S02 to S03 since the 

early 1900's. This versatile product displaced the expensive and easily-poisoned 

platinum-based . catalyst in nearly all applications by the 1930's. Monsanto Company 

has been manufacturing the vanadium-based catalyst since 1925 and is currently one 

of the leading suppliers of this product in a variety of forms. Currently, Monsanto 

Enviro-Chem has world-wide customer/technical support for the catalyst as well as a 

dedicated catalyst manufacturing plant in Martinez, California. Enviro-Chem also has a 

strong technical and research and development program which supports the existing 

catalyst and creates new and improved products and services. This paper will describe 

some of the technical details of vanadium-based sulfuric acid catalysts and provide 

e;{amples of some of the applications of this technology in both products and services. 

CATALYST COMPOSITION 

Sulfuric acid catalyst is composed of potassium (K) and vanadium (V) salts supported 

on a silica (Si02) carrier. The silica support is diatomaceous earth (DE) which consists 

of the skeletons of diatoms (microscopic sea creatures); the DE provides the ideal 

properties for the sulfuric acid catalyst at an acceptable cost. The potassium/vanadium 

salt mixture actually liquefies under reaction conditions (> 660°F (350°C)) and forms a 

molten salt catalyst. The salt formation reaction can be shown as follows: 

1) + ---------> KwVxSyOz (molten salt compound(s)) 

The actual composition of the critical molten salt is still under investigation in a number 

of laboratories around the world; hence, the generic labeling of the salt compound with 

w, x, y, and z values. 

REACTION MECHANISM 

The S02 and 02 udissolve" into this molten salt, react to form the S03 which eventually 

escapes from the melt. The mechanism for the oxidation reaction is not well 

understood. A simplified version of a possible mechanism is shown below: 
M€CS, INC. 


14522 South Outer Forty Rd. 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

314-275-5700 

314-275-5701 FAX 

www.mecsglobal.com 

2) S02 + 2 Vs

+ + 0 2- ------> S03 + 2 V4+ 

<-----­

1/202 + 2 V4+ --------> 0 2

- + 2 Vs 

+ 

This mechanism requires the reduction/oxidation cycle between Vs + and V4 +; some 

recent mechanisms predict that the vanadium does not reduce below the + 5 state. 

The crucial "chemicals" which are required to generate the oxidation reaction are S02, 

O2, and VS 

+. The lack of any of these materials will reduce the reaction rate and lower 

the conversion efficiency of the catalyst. 

FACTORS AFFECTING CATALYST LIFE AND QUALITY 

There are a number of factors which can impact the life of the sulfuric acid catalyst and 

also the initial quality of the material. The catalyst life can be shortened through the 

following mechanisms: 

Vanadium Loss: dust accumulation in the bed; iron oxide corrosion products; 

chlorides in the gas stream; and acid/moisture contact with catalyst. 

Moisture Contact: leaching of the active salts; decreased catalyst hardness. 

Poison: arsenic (oxide coating of the catalyst). 

Carrier Degradation: fluorine attack (forms volatile SiF4); thermal cycling. 

The initial quality of the sulfuric acid catalyst can be affected by the following: 

Salt Chemistry: vanadium content (6-8 % V20S = optimum); KJV ratio (- 3/1). 

Carrier Support: optimal surface area (1-2 m2

/gm); pore size distribution; purity 

Pellet Characteristics: external surface area; porosity; hardness. 

Manufacturing Process: mixing, extrusion, drying, calcining =all critical 

quality control is crucial to optimizing catalyst reactivity. 

All of these factors can impact the catalyst performance in the sulfuric acid converter. 

The following features will insure that the highest quality sulfuric acid catalyst is 

provided to the customer: 

2 
M€CS, INC. 


14522 South Outer Forty Rd. 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

314-275-5700 

314-275-5701 FAX 

www.mecsglobal.com 

Total Quality Manufacturing: Statistical process control is critical to properly produce 

the sulfuric acid catalyst. Data on the raw materials, manufacturing process variable, 

intermediate and final product quality parameters must all be monitored to insure a 

consistent and prerTlium quality final catalyst product. 

Specially Designed Carrier: The composition of the silica support (carrier) is critical to 

the production of a thermally stable catalyst. The presence of crystalline silica 

(cristobalite) in the carrier produces a stable, non-changing support of the molten salt. 

If the DE does not initially contain cristobalite, the crystalline silica will slowly form under 

reactor conditions and destabilize the catalyst structure. This destabilization will lead to 

breakdown of the rings/pellets and high screening losses and/or pressure drop buildup. 

Enviro-Chem's sulfuric acid catalysts contain the stabilizing cristobalite as they are 

shipped from the plant and hence are stable to the thermal changes occurring in the 

sulfuric reactor. 

Fully Sulfated Catalyst: Sulfuric acid catalyst can be supplied in a partially or fully 

sulfated (approx. 15 % free S03). In the former state, the catalyst must pick up the 

additional S03 from the converter which generates a temperature rise. Partially 

sulfated catalyst is also very moisture sensitive relative to fully sulfated material. 

Enviro-Chem fully sulfates their catalyst products in the manufacturing plant, insuring 

optimum conversion immediately upon startup and less moisture sensitivity. Partially 

sulfated catalysts generally have a green appearance, indicating the presence of V4 

+. 

The fully sulfated "gold" catalyst contains a very high level of the desired V5 + species. 

TECHNICAL SERVICE 

Most catalyst suppliers offer various technical services to support their customers. 

These services include sample analysis and some computer simulation studies. 

Enviro-Chem offers these services as well as complete sulfuric acid process support. 

Also, over the last 6 years, Enviro-Chem has offered the Portable Gas Analysis System 

(PeGASyS) service for an extensive evaluation of the customer's plant operations. 

This gas chromatography-based system allows for evaluating the S02 and O2 levels in 

any accessible gas stream. Uniquely designed gas sampling techniques provide the 

analytical sample free of S03 which would damage the equipment. Utilizing this 

analytical data along with the computer simulation program (S020PT), the operation of 

the plant can be fully characterized with the results appearing in a detailed report 

supplied to the customer. There are many examples where the PeGASyS service has 

solved conversion problems, identified heat exchanger leaks, and increased the 

productivity of sulfuric acid plants. 

3 
M€CS, INC. 


14522 South Outer Forty Rd. 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

314-275-5700 

314-275-5701 FAX 

www.mecsglobal.com 

CESIUM-PROMOTED CATALYST 

The cesium-promoted sulfuric acid catalyst has become an important product in the 

ever changing acid industry. This catalyst was created to allow for low temperature 

operation in the first and lower beds of the converter, resulting in greater conversion 

and lower bed outlet temperatures. The cesium catalyst consists of the standard 

vc:madium-based formulation in which some of the potassium (K) has been replaced 

with an equi-molar amount of cesium (Cs). The cesium helps to stabilize the vanadium 

in the molten salt and prevents the precipitation of the vanadium below 770°F (410°C) 

as is observed for the conventional sulfuric catalysts. This precipitation results in 

catalyst deactivation and very low activity at low inlet temperatures. The conversion 

generated by the stabilized Cs catalyst is high for reasonable catalyst loadings down to 

inlet temperatures near 735°F (390°C). Use of the Cs catalyst in the first bed (as a 30 

0/0 cap) will reduce the bed outlet temperature at high conversion levels. A full final bed 

of the Cs catalyst will allow for low temperature (735 - 800°F (390 - 427°C», resulting in 

much higher conversion levels due to a higher equilibrium conversion limit. The 

advantages of the Cs catalyst in both double and single absorption plants are shown in 

Figures 1 and 2. Note that the minimum possible 502 emissions with conventional 4th 

pass catalyst (in these cases MEC LP-11 0 rings) are much higher than those observed 

using the cesium-promoted Cs-11 0 rings. The equilibrium conversion limit is raised as 

the fourth bed inlet temperature decreases, allowing for the high conversions observed 

in the cesium catalyst beds. There are numerous examples of conversion 

improvements in both single and double absorption plants utilizing the cesium-promoted 

Cs-120 (first pass) and Cs-11 0 (lower passes) catalysts. Furthermore, the Cs catalyst 

Cs-110 has been used in third beds of spent acid and metallurgical plants where heat 

exchanger limitations allow for only low bed inlet temperatures. The Cs-110 rings will 

generate much higher conversion than the standard catalyst and permit higher 

production rates with acceptable emissions. Also note that the cesium-promoted 

catalysts will operate with the same conversion levels as standard catalyst above the 

800°F (427°C) bed temperature. 

4 
· , "... Sulfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: II. 210, [ 5-0ct-2009 

516, Cs-I !O. Cs-120, Cs-210, LP-IIO, 

LP-110. LP-220, LP-1150, TD-750, XCs120, XLP-[ 10, XLP·220, WXC-[20. 

WXP-I10, WXP-220) 

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 


I 1 PRODUCT AND COJ\'IPANY IDENTIFICATION 

Product Name: Sulfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: 11,210,516, Cs-I10, Cs-120, Cs-210, LP-IIO, LP-120, 

LP-220, LP-1150, TD-750, XCs-120, XLP-IIO, XLP-220, WXC-120, WXP-IIO, WXP-220) 

Synonyms: None 

Manufacturer Name: 

MECS, INC 

14522 South Outer Forty Road 

Chesterfield, MO 63107 

Telephone: 314-275-5700 

Intended Use: Catalyst for use in Sulfuric Acid 

Manufacturing 

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 


Emergency Telephone: 


Toll free from North America: 800-514-1746. 


When calling from outside North America: +I 760­

602-8897. Access Code: 10280 


Contact Person: 


MECS 


E-mail: CatalystMSDS@mecsglobal.com 


Emergency Overview 


Physical State: Pellets, rings or ribbed rings 


Color: Yellow-green 


Odor: Odorless 


WARNING! 


Causes skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation. May be harmful if swallowed. Cancer hazard - can cause 


cancer. 


Potential Health Effects 


Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Frequent inhalation of fume/dust over a long period of 


time increases the risk of developing lung diseases. 


Eye Contact: Causes eye irritation. Exposed individuals may experience eye tearing, redness, and 


discomfort. 


Sldn Contact: Causes skin irritation. Skin irritation occurs on contact with moist or Ivet skin. 


Ingestion: May be harmful if swaJ lowed. 


Chronic Health Effects: Cristobalite and quartz: Crystalline silica (inhaled in the form of cristobalite or 


quartz) has been classified by IARC, NTP and ACGIH as a known human carcinogen and suspected 


human carcinogen respectively_ 


NORTH AMER[CAN MSDS 1 I 9
Sulfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: 11, 210. 

516, Cs-llO. C5-120, Cs-210, LP-IIO. 

LP-120, LP-220, LP-1150. TD-750. XCs120, XLP-IIO, XLP-220, WXC-120, 

WXP-IIO, WXP-220) 

\S-Oct-l009 

The substance (silica) may have an effect on the lungs, resulting in fibrosis (silicosis). 


Target Organ(s): I Eye I Skin I Respiratory system I Lung ! 


Potential Physical/Chemical Effects: This product is not flanunable. 


OSHA Regulatory Status: When used for its intended purpose, this material is classified as hazardous 


in accordance with OSHA 29CFR 1910.1200. 


Environment: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long~tenn adverse effects in the aquatic 


environment. 


I~3---------C-O-M--PO--SI-T-IO--N-/-IN-FO-RM---A-T-IO-N--O-N-I-N-G-RE--D-I-E-N-T-S--------------~ 

General Information: This product is a mixture that consists of a Vanadium salt complex 

(oxosulfatovanadates) containing potassium and vanadium on a diatomaceous earth support (Group I) or 

Vanadium salt complex (oxosulfatovanadates) containing cesium, potassium and vanadium on a 

diatomaceous earth support (Group 2). 

Chemical Name CAS-No. Concentration* 

tVanadium salt complex (oxosulfatovanadates) group 1 

or 2 

- >= 40 - <=49% 

tCristobali te 14464-46-1 >= 23 - <= 31% 

t Amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth) 68855-54-9 >= 25 - <= 27% 

tQuartz 14808-60-7 >= 0.1 - <= 10/0 

* All concentrations are In percent by weight unless mgredlent IS a gas. Gas concentrations are In percent by volume. 

t This chemical is hazardous according to OSHNWHMIS criteria. 

FIRST AID MEASURES 


Inhalation: Move to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial 

respiration. Get medical attention immediately. 

Eye Contact: Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove any contact lenses 

and open eyes wide apart. Do not rub eye. If irritation occurs, get medical assistance. 

Skin Contact: Rinse the skin immediately with lots of water. Take off immediately all contaminated 

clothing. If irritation occurs, get medical assistance. 

Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly. Remove partiL~cs from mouth. Never give liquid to an 

unconscious person. Only induce vomiting at the instruction of medical personnel. Get medical 

attention. 

FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 21 9 

15 
. . .. Su lfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: II, 2! 0, IS-Oct-2009 


516, Cs-IIO, Cs-120, Cs-210, LP-IIO, 


LP-120, LP-22D, LP-1150, TD-7S0, XCs120, XLP-II D, XLP-220. WXC-120. 


WXP-) 10, WXP-210) 


Extinguishing l\Iedia: The product is non-combustible. Use appropriate extinguishing media for any 

nearby fire. 

Unsuitable Extinguishing lVledia: Not applicable. 


SpeciaJ Fire Fighting Procedures: No specific fire fighting procedure given. Use appropriate 


extinguishing media for any nearby fire. 


Unusual Fire & Explosion Hazards: Product will release sulfur oxides upon heating. 

Hazardous Combustion Products: Metal oxides, Sulfur Oxides 

Protective Measures: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing must be worn in 

case of fire. Selection of respiratory protection for fire fighting: follow the general fire precautions 

indicated in the workplace. 

Flammability Class: N.FPA Rating Fire = O. Materials that will not bum. 

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE lVlEASURES 

Personal Precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust and contact with skin and eyes. See Section 8 of the 

MSDS for Personal Protective Equipment. 

Spill Cleanup Methods: Use a vacuum cleaner. Ifnot possible, moisten dust before it is collected with 

shovel, broom or the like. A void dust formation. Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at 

licensed waste disposal site. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the MSDS. 

Environmental Precautions: Avoid spreading dust or contaminated materials. Avoid discharge into 

drains, water courses or onto the ground. 

17 HANDLING AND STORAGE 


Handling: Avoid any exposure. Should be handled in closed systems, if possible. If enclosed handling 

cannot be guaranteed, ventilation and protective clothing must be used. Only trained personnel should 

use this product. The product, if wetted to the point of creating free liquid, will drip sulfuric acid. 

Corrosive when wet. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using the product. Wash hands after handling. 

Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean equipment after use. 

Storage: Keep container dry. Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well· ventilated place. Keep away 

from food, drink and animal foodstuffs. Store away from incompatible materials. 

/8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS I PERSONAL PROTECTION

Notes 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 3/ 9 
I 

· . 

Sulfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: II. 210. 15-0ct-2009 


516, (s-IIO, Cs-120, Cs-210, LP-IIO, 


LP-120, LP-220, LP-1150, TO-750, xes120, XLP-IIO, XLP-220. WXC-120, 


WXP-IIO, WXP-220) 


earth) (Respirable dust.) 


Amorphous silica (diatomaceous 
 3000 mg/mJ 


earth) 


Amorphour.ril1clt (diatomaceous 


US. NIOSH Guide IOLH 

0.8 mg/ml 


earth) 


Amorphous silica (diatomaceous 


US. OSHA Z-3 PEL TWAC 

US. OSHA Z-3 PEL TWA 20 Mppcf 


earth) 


Cristobalite (Respirable 
 0.05 mg/mJ 


particles. ) 


Cristobalite (Respirable 


CA. Alberta OELs TWA 

0.025 mg/mJ 


fraction.) 


CA. British Columbia TWA

OELs 


Cristobalite (Respirable 
 0.05 mg/ml 


fraction.) 


Cristobalite 


CA. Ontario OELs TWA

TWA 0.05 mgtmJ 


Cristobalite (Respirable 


MEX.OELs 

0.025 mg/ml 


fraction.) 


Cristobalite (Res~rableJ 

US. ACGIH TLV TWA

0.05 mg/m) 1.2 Mppcf 

Cristobalite (Total dust.) 

US. OSHA Z-3 PEL TWAC 

0.15 mg/m) 

ICTWA) 


Qua11z (Respirable particles.) 


US. OSHA Z-3 PEL OSHA Z3 

0.1 mg/ml 


Quartz (Respirable fraction.) 


CA. Alberta OELs TWA 

0.025 mg/ml 

OELs 


Quartz (Respirable fraction.) 


CA. British Columbia TWA 

0.1 mg/ml 


Quartz (Respirable dust.) 


CA. Ontario OELs TWA 

CA. Quebec OELs TWA 0.1 mg/m3 

I Quartz MEX.OELs 0.1 mg/m3 

!Quartz (Respirable fraction.) 

TWA 

0.025 mg/ml 


Quartz 


US. ACGIH TLV TWA 

25 mg/m3 


Quartz 


US. NIOSH Guide IDLH 

50 mg/m) 

ion 

I Quartz (Respirable.) 

US. NIOSH Guide Concentrat 

0.1 mg/m3 2.4 Mppcf 

Quartz (Total dust.) 

US. OSHA Z-3 PEL TWAC 

0.3 mg/ml 

I(TWA) 


Vanadium salt complex 


US. OSHA Z-3 PEL OSHA Z3 

35 mg/m) 

(oxosulfatovanadates) group 1 or 

2 

US. NJOSH Guide IDLH 

Engineering Controls: If enclosed handling cannot be guaranteed, ventilation and protective clothing 

must be used. Observe occupational exposure limits and minimize the risk of inhalation of dust. 

Respiratory Protection: If engineering controls do not maintain airborne concentrations below 

recommended exposure limits (where applicable) or to an acceptable level (in countries where exposure 

limits have not been established), an approved respirator must be worn. In the United States of America, 

if respirators are used, a program should be instituted to assure compliance with OSHA Standard 63 FR 

1152, January 8, 1998. Respirator type: High-efficiency particulate respirator. 

Eye Protection: Wt!ar approved safety goggles. 

Hand Protection: Wear protective gloves. 

Skin Protection: Wear appropriate clothing to prevent any possibility of skin contact. 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 41 9 
· . 

Sui furic Acid Catalyst (Types: II, 210, I 5-0ct-2009 


516, Cs-I [0, Cs-[20, Cs-21O, LP-IIO. 


LP-120. LP-220, LP-1150. TD-750. XCs120, XLP·ll 0, XLP-210. WXC-120. 


WXP-IIO. WXP-220) 


Hygiene lVleasures: Always observe good personal hygiene measures, such as washing after handling 

the material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking. Routinely wash work clothing and protective 

equipment to remove contaminants. Personal protection equipment should be kept separate from other 

clothing. Personal protection equipment should not be worn during lunch breaks. 

Environmental Exposure Controls: Environmental manager must be informed of all major spillages. 

/9 PHYSICAL AND CHE]\tIICAL PROPERTIES 

Color: Yellow-green 

Odor: Odorless 

Odor Threshold: No data available. 

Physical State: Pellets, rings or ribbed rings 

pH: Not applicable 

l\'lelting Point: No data available. 

Freezing Point: No data available. 

Boiling Point: No data available. 

Flash Point: Not applicable. 

Evaporation Rate: No data available. 

Flammability (Solid): No data available. 

Flammability Limit - Upper (0/0): Not applicable. 

Flammability Limit - Lower (%): Not applicable. 

Vapor Pressure: No data available. 

Vapor Density (Air=l): No data available. 

Specific Gravity: 0.5 - 0.61 

Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble in water. 

Solubility (Other): No data available. 

Partition Coefficient (n-Octanol/water): No data available. 

Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable. 

Decomposition Temperature: No data available. 

Viscosity: Not applicable. 

Percent Volatile: OO/ovol 

/10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY 

Stability: Stable under normal temperature conditions and recommended use. However when wetted the 


product is corrosive. 


Conditions to Avoid: Water, moisture. 


Incompatible Materials: Water. 


Hazardous Decomposition Products: When wetted: Sulfuric acid. When heated: sulfur oxides. 


Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: None. 


III TOXICOLOGICAL INFORl\1ATION 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 51 9 
/12 

Slllfuric Acid Catalyst (Typt!s: I I, 210, 

516. ('s-IIO, Cs-120. ('s-210, LP-IIO, 

LP-120. LP-220, LP-1150, TD-750. XCs120, XLP-IIO, XLP-220, WX(, ·120, 

WXp·IIO. WXP-220) 

15-0ct-2009 

Specified Substance(s) 


Acute Toxicity: 


Other Acute: Vanadium salt complex: Causes skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation. 


Chronic Toxicity: Vanadium salt complex: May cause damage to the liver and kidneys. May cause lung 


damage. Crystalline silica: Overexposure to the respirable dust of crystalline silica (quartz or 


cristobalite, less than or equal to 5 microns in size) may lead to silicosis in humans, which is a progressive 


and irreversible lung disease. 


L'IstedCarcmogeils: 

Chemical Name IARC NTP OSHA ACGIH 

Amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth) 3 Not Listed Not Listed Not Listed 

Cristo bali te 1 Listed Not Listed A2 

I Quartz 1 Listed Not Listed A2 

[ARC: 1= Carcinogenic to Humans; 2A = Probably Carclllogemc to Humans~•.2B := Possibly C~mogenlc to Humans; 3 = Not 

classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans; 4 =Probably not carcinogenic to humans; Not listed =Not evaluated by fARe. 

ACGIH: AI Confirmed Human Carcinogen; A2 Suspected Human Carcinogen; A3 = Confirmed Animal Carcinogen; A4 

= Not classifiable as a human carcinogen; A5 Not suspected to be a human carcinogen; Not listed = Not evaluated by ACGTH. 

Product Information 

Acute Toxicity: 

Test Results: Oral LD50 (Rat): 1460 mg/kg 

Dermal LD50 (Rabbit): > 5000 mg/kg 

Other Acute: Causes skin, eye and respiratory tract irritation. May be hannful if swallowed. 

Chronic Toxicity: Cancer hazard. Can cause cancer. May cause lung damage. 

ECOLOGICAL INFOMIATION 

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic 


environment. 


l\'lohility: No data available. 


Persistence and Degradability: None known. 


Bioaccumulation Potential: No data available on bioaccumulation. 


DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS 

General Information: Do not discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. It may be 

necessary to dispose this material or its container as a hazardous waste. Please consult your local 

regulations for guidance. 

FOLLOW LABEL WARNINGS EVEN AFTER CONTAINER HAS BEEN EMPTIED. Empty 

containers may contain product residues. 

DisposaJ Methods: Recover and reclaim or recycle, if practical. Disposal recommendations are based 

on material as supplied. Disposal must be in accordance with current applicable laws and regulations, and 

NORTH AMER[CAN MSDS 61 9 

113 
". 

Sulfuric Acid Catalyst.(Types: II, 210. IS-0ct-2009 

516, Cs-110, Cs-120, Cs-210. lP-IIO, 

lP-120, LP-220, LP-1150, TO-750, XCs120, XLP-IIO. XLP-220. WXC-120, 

WXP-IIO, WXP-220) 

material characteristics at time of disposal. 

114 TRANSPORT INFOAAlA TION 

DOT Not regulated. 

TDG Not regulated. 

lATA Not regulated. 

IMDG Not regulated. 

I 15 REGULATORY INFORl\'1ATION 

Canadian Controlled Products Regulations: This product has been classified according to the hazard 

criteria of the Canadian Controlled Products Regulations, Section 33, and the MSDS contains all required 

infonnation. 

WHlVIIS Classification: D2A, D2B 

Mexican Dangerous Statement: This product is dangerous according to Mexican regulations. 

Inventory Status 

This product or all components are listed or exempt from listing on the following inventory: TSCA 

This product or one or more component(s) are not listed on the following inventory: AlCS, DSL 

US Regulations 

CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4): Not regulated. 

SARA Title III 

Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substances (40 CFR 355, Appendix A): Not regulated. 

Section 311/312 (40 CFR 370):
 00 Acute (Immediate) ~Chronic (Delayed) DFire DReactive D Pressure Generating 


Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (40 CFR 372): 


Chemical Name CAS-No. Reporting threshold 

for other users 

Reporting threshold 

for manufacturing 

and processing 

Vanadium salt complex 

I(oxosulfatovanadates) group I or 2 

- 10000Ibs 250001bs 

... For reporting purposes: the De MinimiS ConcentratIOn for a tOXIC chemIcal In a mixture IS 0.1 % for carcinogens as defined m 29 

CFR 191O.1200(d)(4) or 1% for others. 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 71 9 
, " 

". 

Sulfuric Acid Calalyst (Types: I L 210, IS-Od-2009 


516, [s-IIO, Cs-120, Cs-:!IO, LP-lIO, 


LP-I:!O. LP·220, LP-1150, TO·7S0. xes120, XLP·lI 0, XLP-220, WXC-120, 


\VXP·IIO, WXP-220) 


Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 1 12(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130): 


Not regulated. 


Clean Water Act Section 311 Hazardous Substances (40 CFR 117.3): Not regulated. 


Drug Enforcement Act: Not regulated. 


TSCA Section 4(a) Final Test Rule~ & Testing Consent Orders: Not regulated. 

TSCA Section 5(a)(2) Final Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) (40CFR 721, Subpt. E): Not 


regulated. 


TSCA Section 5(e) PMN-Substance Consent Orders: Not regulated. 


TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. 0): Not regulat~d. 

State Regulations 


California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65): Cristobalite; 


Quartz 


i\tlassachusetts Right-To-Know List: Amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth); Cristobalite; Quartz 


i\tIichigan Critical Materials List (Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act 


(Act. 451 of 1994»): Not regulated. 

~Iinnesota Hazardous Substances List: Amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth) 


New Jersey Right-To-Know List: Amorphous silica (diatomaceolls earth); Cristobalite; Quartz 


Pennsylvania Right-To-Know List: Amorphous silica (diatomaceous earth); Cristobalite; Quartz 


Rhode Island Right-To-Know List: Not regulated. 


116 OTHER INFORlVlATION 

HAZARD RATINGS 


Health Hazard Fire Hazard ecial Hazard 

NFPA 2 o 

Hazard rating: °-Minimal; I - Slight; 2 - Moderate; 3 - Serious; 4 - Severe 

NFPA Label colored diamond code: Blue - Health; Red - Flammability; Yellow - Instability: White - Special Hazards 

Health Hazard Flammabilit Personal Protection 

HMIS 2* 0 x

Hazard rating: 0 - Minimal; I - Slight; 2 - Moderate; 3 . Serious; 4 - Severe *- Chronic Health Effect 

NORTH AMER[CAN MSDS 81 9 
, .' '. 

Sulfuric Acid Catalyst (Types: 11, 210, 15-0ct-2009 

516. (s-IIO,C5-120,(s-210, lP-IIO, 


lP-120, lP-220, lP-IISO, TD-750, XCs120, XLP-llO, XlP-220, WXC-120, 


WXP-IIO, WXP-220) 


HMIS labd colored bar code: Blue - Health; Red - Flanunability; Orange Physical Hazards; White - Special 

Issue Date: 15-0ct-2009 

Supercedes Date: 07-Sep-2007 

SDS No.: 1005383 

Disclaimer: This information is provided without warranty. The information is believed to be correct. 

This information should be used to make an independent determination of the methods to safeguard 

workers and the environment. 

NORTH AMERICAN MSDS 9/ 9
January 2003 HALDCR TCPSCE. INC. 

Page I of6 

Houston, Texas, USA 

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 


VK-38 


1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCT. 

Designation: VK38. Sulphuric acid catalyst. 

1.2 COMPANY INFORMATION. 

Haldor T opsoe, Inc. Phone: 281-228-5000 

17629 EI Camino Real Fax: 281-228-5209 

Houston, Texas 77058 Chemtrec - Transportation Emergencies: 800-424-9300 

2 INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS. 

%w/w Compound 	 CAS No EECNo Classification (67/548IEEC)* 

5-9 Vanadiwn 1314-62-1 215-239-8 Mut3 ~ R68 Rep3 ~ R63 

pentoxide T R48/23 Xn R20/22 Xi; R37 

N; R51/53 

10-30 Potassiwn sulphate K2S04 7778-80-5 231 9155 

1-7 Sodium sulphate Na2S04 7757-82-6 231 8209 

55-70 Silica, Si02 61790-53- Xn; R20 

diatomaceous earth 2 

1-5 Silica, crystalline Si02 Carc 3 R40 Xn; R20 

For the text of hazard classes and R phrases see section 16. 

3 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION. 

Fire, explosion and reactivity hazards: Not applicable. 


Routes of entry: Inhalation, eye and skin contact, ingestion. 


Health hazards: 


Acute: Harmful. Inhalation of excessive amoWlts of dust may cause 


irritation of the respiratory system; symptoms may include 

coughing and difficulty in breathing. May cause physical 

irritation of eyes. May initate skin. For further information on 

health hazards, see section 11. 

Chronic: 	 Crystalline silica is listed as a possible carcinogenic substance. 

Inhalation of silica may result in silicosis, a non-cancerous lWlg 

disease. Vanadiwn pentoxide is in EU classified as a mutagenic 

substance in category 3 i.e. may cause possible risk of 

irreversible effects. Vanadiwn pentoxide is also in EU classified 

as toxic for reproduction in category 3, i.e. possible risk of harm 

to the unborn child. 

Synergistic effects: None known. 

Environmental hazards: The product contains vanadiwn pentoxide, which is toxic to 

aquatic organisms and may cause long term adverse effects in the 

VK-38/US 
January 2003 HALDClR TClPSClE. INC. 

Page 2 of6 

Houston, Texas, USA 

aquatic environment. 

4 FIRST-AID MEASURES. 

Inhalation: 	 If dust is inhaled, move to fresh air. 

In case of significant inhalation of dust: seek medical attention if 

uncomfortable. 

Eye contact: 	 Immediately flush eyes with water. If irritation persists, seek 

medical attention. 

Skin contact: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. 

Ingestion: In case of substantial ingestion, drink plenty of water and induce 

vomiting. Seek medical attention. 

5 FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES. 

Product is compatible with standard fire-fighting agents. Check runoff for metals. May release toxic S02 

when heated above 400°C n50°F. 

6 ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES. 

Personal precautions: A void inhalation of dust. 


Environmental precautions: Do not wash spills into water ways or public treatment systems. 


Methods for cleaning up: Collect by vacuwning or sweeping (minimizing dust) and place 


in labelled container for proper reclamation or disposal. 

7 HANDLING AND STORAGE. 

Handling: 	 A void excessive dust formation. Use mechanical ventilation 

when appropriate. Use good housekeeping and personal hygiene 

practices. Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling materials. 

Storage: 	 In dry warehouse, preferably with floor of concrete, tiles or 

wood. The catalyst must be protected against moisture and 

water. 

8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS I PERSONAL PROTECTION. 

Exposure limits: 


Exposure limits may vary. It is recommended that information about locally applicable exposure limits 


are obtained. 


Compound 	 CAS no OELmg/mJ TLV mg/m3 PELmg/m3 

(ACGIH) (OSHA) 

Vanadium V2O, 1314-62-1 0.05 0.05 (A*, 0.5 «dust), C*) 

pentoxide (dust & fume» 0,1 «fume), C*) 

Potassium sulphate K2S04 7778-80-5 

Sodium sulphate Na2S04 7757-82-6 

Silica, Si02 61790-53-2 1,2 (A*, 10 6 

VK·38IUS 
.) 

January 2003 HALCCR TCPSCE. INC. 

Page 3 of6 

Houston, Texas, USA 

diatomaceous earth 	 natural resp. 


dust) 


- calcinated 68855-54-9 0,08 (A*) 

Silica. crystalline Si02 14464-46-1 0.3 (A*) 0.05 (A *) 0.05 (A*) 

Cristobalite 

*A = respirable 


*C= ceiling limit 


Personal protection: 

Respiratory protection: 	 Use approved respirator with particle filter type P3(EUstandard)/PlOO(US-standard), when exposure may exceed 

recommended limits. 

Hand protection: Gloves recommended. 

Eye protection: Goggles recommended. Contact lenses should not be worn 

when working with this product. 

Other protection: 	 Change work clothing daily. Safety shoes recommended 

when handling heavy containers. Wash hands thoroughly 

after handling. 

9 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES. 

State: Solid 


Appearance and odour: Greenish yellow. Extruded pellets. Odourless. 


pH: Not applicable. 


Boiling point or range: Not applicable. 


Melting point or range: Silica above 1600 °C I 2910 OF ~ alkali sulphates above approx 


400 °C1750 of. 

Flammability and limits: Non-flammable. 

Auto-flammability: Not applicable. 

Explosive properties: Non-explosive. 

Oxidizing properties: Non-oxidizing. 

Vapour pressure: Not applicable. 

Vapour density: Not applicable. 

Density relative to water: Above 1 

Solubility in water: Alkali-sulphates soluble. Vanadium compOlmds partly soluble. 

Partition coefficient (n- Not applicable. 

octanollwater): 

Other data: 

10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY. 

The product is stable under nonna! handling and storage conditions. 


Conditions to avoid: Not relevant. 


Materials to avoid: Water and moisture for catalyst integrity. 


Hazardous decomposition products: Heating above 400°C I 750°F may result in emission of S02 


VK-38/US 
January 2003 HALCCR TCPSCE. INC. 

Page 4 of6 

Houston, Texas, USA 

11 TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION. 

CompoWld RTECS No 	 Toxicity data 

Vanadiwn pentoxide YW2460000 	 No data 

Potassiwn sulphate TT5900000 	 Oral Woman LDLo 750 mg/kg 

Oral Rat LD50 6600 mglkg 

Subcutaneous Guinea Pig LDLo 3 gm/kg 

Sodium sulphate WE1650000 	 Oral Mouse LD50 5989 mglkg 

Intravenous Mouse TDLo 1220 mg/kg 

Silica, diatomaceous earth HL8600000 No data 

Silica, crystalline 

Cristobalite VV7325000 Intratracheal Rat LDLo 200 mg/kg 

Intravenous Mouse LDLo 40 mglkg 

Intravenous Dog LDLo 20 mglkg 

Dangerous to health effects: 

Inhalation: Dust and fumes from vanadiwn compoWlds can irritate the 

respiratory system~ symptoms may include nose bleeding, sore 

throat, cough, bronchitis, expectoration, chest pain; serious 

exposure may cause pneumonia and pulmonary oedema. The 

symptoms of pulmonary oedema often do not become manifest 

Wltil several hours have passed and they are aggravated by 

physical effort. Rest and medical observation is therefore 

essential. Vanadium compoWlds may cause green discoloration of 

the tongue. 

Eye contact: May cause physical irritation of eyes. 


Skin contact: May irritate skin. 


Ingestion: Ingestion may cause irritation of the mouth and throat and may 


cause discomfort. Ingestion of large quantities may give risk to 

gastrointestinal disorders. 

Chronic effects as listed by OSHA, IARC, NTP, MAK: 

Carcinogenic: Cristobalite (lARC Cancer Review: Group 2A~ NTP) 

Teratogenic: Not listed. 

Mutagenic: Not listed. 

12 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION. 

Constituents classified by EU for environmental hazards: 


The product contains vanadium pentoxide which is toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long tern 


adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 


Other ecological determinations: Not available 


13 DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS. 

May be reclaimed. Dispose of waste in accordance with applicable federal, state and local regulations. 

Haldor Topsoe, Inc makes no claim for the classification of used or contaminated material. 

VK.-38/US 
January 2003 HALDCR TCPBCE. INC. 

Page 5 of6 

Houston, Texas, USA 

14 	 TRANSPORT INFORMATION. 

Not classified as hazardous under: IMO/IMDG ADR-RID lATA DOT TOO 

15 	 REGULATORY INFORMATION. 

EEC label for product following directive 1 999/451EC: 


Warning: 


Xn Hannful. 


Contains: Vanadiwn pentoxide, Silica crystalline. 


R40: Possible risks ofirreversible effects. 


R48120: Hannfu1: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation. 


R63: Possible risk of hann to the unborn child. 


R68: Possible risk of irreversible effects. 


R52153: Hannful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-tenn adverse effects in the aquatic 


environment. 


S22: Do not breathe dust. 


S24: Avoid contact with skin. 


S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. 


US Label for Product: 

Warning: Suspect cancer hazard. Contains material which may cause cancer. May cause 

respiratory tract irritation. May cause allergic skin reaction. 

16 	 OTHER INFORMATION. 

Text of hazard classes and R phrases: 

T Toxic 

Xn Hannful 

Xi Irritant 

N Dangerous for the environment 

R20: Harmful by inhalation. 

R20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. 

R37: Irritating to respiratory system. 

R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. 

R48123: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through 

inhalation. 

R51153: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-tenn adverse effects in the aquatic 

environment. 

R63: Possible risk of hann to the unborn child. 

R68: Possible risk of irreversible effects. 

Mut3 Mutagenic, category 3. Substances of concern owing to possible mutagenic effect. 

Rep3 Toxic to reproduction, category 3. Substances of concern to man because of possible 

risk of hann to the unborn child. 


Carc 3: Carcinogenic category 3. Possible hwnan carcinogens. 


All components are included in TSCA (USA), DSL (Canada) and EINECS (EEC) inventories. 

Chemical release reporting (SARA section 313, as codified in 40 CFR part 372): 


Reporting required for vanadium compounds. 


VK-38/US 
January 2003 HALDCR TCPSCE. INC. 

Page 6 of6 LiJ Houston, Texas, USA 

Canadian WHMIS classification: Class D, Division 2A, Division 2B. 


References and additional information: 


RTECS (Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, National Institute for Occupational Safety 


and Health, 4676 Colwnbia Pkwy., Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA). 


The above information is believed to be accurate and is based on our present state of knowledge and eltperience. However, no warranty or representation 

with respect to such information is intended or given. This information is intended to be used for safety and environmental purposes only and should not be 

relied upon for any other purposes. 

VK-38/US 
.. Page I of4 " VK48/usIMay 1997 l]j' 

HALDDR TDPSDE. INC. 

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 

VK48 

1.1 	 IDENTIFICATION OF PRODUCT. 

Designation: VK48. Sulphuric acid catalyst. 

1.2 	 COMPANY. 

Haldor Topsoe, Inc. 


17629 EI Camino Real 


Houston, TX 77058, USA 


2 	 HAZARDOUS AND OTHER INGREDIENTS. 

Phone: (281) 228-5000 

Fax: (281) 228-5209 

Emergency 

Phone: (281) 228-5000 

Exposure limits may vary. It is recommended that information about locally applicable exposure limits be obtained. 

%w/w Compound 

5-10 Vanadium pentoxide 

10-30 Potassium sulphate 

3-7 Sodium sulphate 

55-70 Silica,diatomaceous earth 

- calcined 

Silica, crystalline 

Cristobalite 

Quartz 

Tridymite 

3 	 PHYSICAL DATA. 

State: 


Appearance and odour: 


pH: 


Boiling point or range: 


Melting point or range: 


Vapour pressure: 


Vapour density: 


Density relative to water: 


Solubility in water: 


Partition coefficient 


(n-octanol/water): 


Other data: 


CAS No MAKmglm3 TLVmglm3 PEL mglm3 

(Germany) (ACGIH) (OSHA) 

V20 S 1314-62-1 0.05 (resp) 0.05 resp 0.05 (resp) 

K2SO. 7778-80-5 

N~S04 7757-82-6 

Si02 61790-53-2 4 10 6 

68855-54-9 0.3 (resp) 

Si02 

14464-46-1 0.15 (resp) 0.05 (resp) 0.05 (resp) 

14808-60-7 0.15 (resp) 0.1 (resp) 0.1 (resp) 

15468-32-3 0.15 (resp) 0.05 (resp) 0.05 (resp) 

Solid 

Greenish yellow. Extruded pellets.Odourless. 

Not applicable. 

Not applicable. 


Silica above 1600 °C I 2910 OF ; alkalisulphates above approx 400°C / 750 OF. 


Not applicable. 


Not applicable. 


Above I. 


Alkalisulphates soluble. Vanadium compounds partly soluble. 


Not applicable. 

Page 20f4 

VK48/usIMay 1997 

4 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA. 

Fire, explosion and reactivity hazards: Not applicable. 


Flammability and flammability limits: Non flammable. 


Autoflammability: Not applicable. 


Explosive properties: Non explosive. 


Oxidizing properties: Non oxidizing. 


Fire fighting measures: 


Product is compatible with standard firefighting agents. May release toxic S02 when heated above 400°C 1750°F. Check 


runoff for metals. 


5 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY DATA. 

The product is stable under normal handling and storage conditions. 


Conditions to avoid: not relevant. 


Materials to avoid: not relevant. 


Hazardous decomposition products: Heating above 400°C I 750 OF may result in emission of S02' 


6 HEALTH HAZARDS. 

Routes of entry: 	 Inhalation, eye and skin contact, ingestion. 

Health hazards: 

Acute: 	 Inhalation of excessive amounts ofdust may cause irritation of the respiratory system; symptoms may 

include coughing and difficulty in breathing. Vanadium compounds can irritate the mucous memM 

branes of the respiratory system; symptoms may include nose bleeding, sore throat, cough, bronchitis, 

expectoration, chest pain; serious exposure may cause pneumonia & pulmonary edema. Exposure to 

fumes and dust of some metal oxides have been associated with, within 4-12 hours resulting in fluelike symptoms known as metal fume fever. Vanadium compounds may cause green discoloration of 

tongue. May cause physical irritation of eyes. May irritate skin. 

Chronic: 	 Crystalline silica is listed as a possible carcinogen. Inhalation of silica may result in silicosis, a 

noncancerous lung disease. 

Synergistic effects: 	 None known. 

Toxicological data: 

Compound RTECS No Toxicity data 

Vanadium pentoxide YW2460000 	 no data 

Potassium sulphate TT5900000 	 Oral Woman LOLo 800 mglkg 


Oral Rat L050 6600 mglkg 


Subcutaneous Guinea pig LOLo 3 gmlkg 


Sodium sulphate WE1650000 	 Oral mouse L050 5989 mglkg 

Intraveneus Mouse TOLo 1220 mglkg 


Silica,diatomaceous earth HL8600000 no data 


Silica,crystalline 


Cristobalite W7325000 Intratracheal Rat LOLo 200 mglkg 


Quartz W7330000 Intravenous Rat LOLo 90 mglkg 


Intravenous Mouse LOLo 40 mglkg 


Intravenous Dog LOLo 20 mglkg 


Tridymite VV7335000 Inhalation Man TCLo 16mppcf/8H117.9Y-I 


Intratracheal Rat LOLo 200 mglkg 

Page 3 of4 

VK48/usIMay 1997 

Chronic effects as listed by OSHA, IARC, NTP, MAK: 

Carcinogenic: 	 Quartz (lARC group 2A; NTP) 


Cristobalite (IARC group 2A; NTP) 


Tridymite (IARC group 2A; NTP) 


Teratogenic: not listed. 


Mutagenic: not listed. 


7 PREVENTIVE MEASURES. 

Avoid handling methods creating excessive dust. Use mechanical ventilation when appropriate. Use good housekeeping and 


personal hygiene practices. Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling materials. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. 


Personal protection: 


Respiratory protection: Use approved respirator when exposure may exceed recommended limits. 


Hand protection: Gloves recommended. 


Eye protection: Goggles recommended. 


Other protection: Change work clothing daily. Safety shoes recommended when handling heavy 


containers. 


Accidental release measures. 


Personal precautions: Avoid inhalation of dust. 


Environmental precautions: Do not wash spills into water ways or public treatment systems. 


Methods for cleaning up: Collect by vacuuming or sweeping (minimizing dust) and place in labelled container. 


Disposal considerations 


May be reclaimed. Dispose of in accordance with applicable federal, state and local regulations. Unused product is not an 


EPA hazardous waste. Haldor Topsoe, Inc. makes no claim for the classification of used or contaminated material. 


Handling and storage. 


Handling: Avoid excessive dust formation. 


Storage: Product may be damaged by water. 


Transport Information 


Not classified as hazardous under: IMOIIMDG ADR-RID lATA DOT TDG 


8 FIRST -AID MEASURES. 

Inhalation: 	 If dust is inhaled, move to fresh air. 

For significant inhalation: If breathing is difficult, give oxygen if available. If not 

breathing, give artificial respiration. Seek medical attention. 

Eye contact: Immediately flush eyes with water. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. 


Skin contact: Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. 


Ingestion: In case of substantial ingestion, drink plenty of water and induce vomiting. Seek me­


dical attention. 

9 OTHER INFORMATION. 

Regulatory Information: 

All components are included in TSCA (USA), DSL (Canada) and EINECS (EEC) inventories. 

Chemical release reporting (SARA section 313, as codified in 40 CFR part 372): 


Reporting not required. 


Canadian WHMIS classification: Class D, Division 2.A. 
• 


Page 4 of4 

VK48/uslMay 1997 

EEC label for product following directive 88/J79/EEC: 

Warning: 	 Contains crystalline silica and vanadium pentoxide. Possible risks of irreversible 

effects. Harmful by inhalation. Do not breathe dust. A void contact with skin. 

Xn Harmful. 


R40 R20 S22 S24 


References and additional information: 


RTECS (Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 


Columbia Pkwy., Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA). 


The above infonnation is believed to be accurate and is based on our present state of knowledge and experience. However, no warranty or representation with respect to 

such infonnation is intended or given. 
MECS, Inc. SALES PROPOSAL 

P.o. Box 14547 • st. MO 63178' Phone: RC199556·00 6/11/2012 

TO: Asarco LLC 

5285 E Williams Circle 

Suite 2000 

Tuscon, fj2 85711 

SULFURIC ACID CATALYST 

XCS..120/200 XCS-120 IN 200 L TR DRUMS 

XLP-220/1200 XLP-220 IN 1200 LTR BAGS 

XLP..110/1200 XLP-110 IN 1200 LTR BAGS 

20,000 Liters 

60,000 Liters 

30,000 Liters 

11.35 

5.26 

5.26 

USD/L T 

USD/LT 

USD/LT 

227,000.00 

315,600.00 

157,800.00 

USD 

USD 

USD 

Total Price FOB DESTINATION 700,400.00 USD 

Price does not include any applicable state use or sales tax. If your company is tax exempt, send a copy 

of your tax exempt certificate with your purchase order. Terms are ADVANCE WIRE TRANSFER. 

PACKING: 200 LITER STEEL DRUMS .. XCS-120 

1200 LITER BAGS .. XLP-220 AND XLP-11 0 

PAYMENT TERMS: 100% ADVANCE WIRE TRANSFER TO: 

MECS, INC. C/O PNC BANK NA 

120 S. CENTRAL CLAYTON, MO 63105 

ABA# 041000124 

SWIFT CODE: PNCCUS33 

PLEASE REFERENCE ACCT# 4612918902 

ADDITIONAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS: 


- PRICE IS FIRM FOR 30 DAYS . 


.. PRODUCT WILL SHIP FROM MARTINEZ, CA 


- FREIGHT IS PREPAID & ADD .. VIA AN MECS 


DESIGNATED CARRIER. 

- FUNDS RECEIVED BY MECS AFTER THE DUE DATE 

SPECIFIED IN THE CONTRACT WILL BE CHARGED A 

LATE PAYMENT FEE OF 0.05% PER DAY. THE LATE 

PAYMENT FEE WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE DAY THE 

OVERDUE FUNDS ARE RECEIVED. 

ACCEPTED AS OF THIS DATE: DATE: June 11, 2012 

("BUYER") MECS, Inc. ("SELLER") 

TITLE: 

BY: 

BY: *~ ------------------------------­ The terms and conditions attached and/or set forth on face and reverse side hereof are a part of this proposal. Please 

understand that by sending your acknowledgement, purchase order or other document for the equipment which is the 

subject of this proposal or by accepting delivery of such equipment you agree to the terms and conditions set forth on the 

reverse side hereof as well as those set forth on the face hereof. Any different or additional terms in your acceptance of 

this offer are hereby objected to. 

PE.PRO.CA (REV. 01197) RC199556-00 Page 1 
-------------------------------

" 


MECS, Inc. SALES PROPOSAL 

P.o. Box 14547 • Sl Louis. MO 63178· Phone: RC198649'()0 1117/2011 

TO: Asarco LLC 

5285 E Williams Circle 

Suite 2000 

Tuscon, AZ 85711 

SULFURIC ACID CATALYST 

XLP-220/1200 XLP·220 IN 1200 LTR BAGS 37,200 Liters 

XCS-120/1200 XCS-120 IN 1200 LITER BAC 20,400 Liters 

4.10 

7.60 

USDILT 

USDILT 

152,520.00 USD 

155,040.00 USD 

Total Price FOB DESTINATION 307,560.00 USD 

Price does not Include any applicable state use or sales tax. If your company Is tax exempt, send a copy 

of your tax exempt certificate with your purchase order. Terms are 50% ADVANCE /50% RECPT INV. 

PACKING: 1200 LITER BAGS - PALLETIZED 

PAYMENT TERMS: 

50% ADVANCE WIRE TRANSFER TO: 

MECS, INC. 

CIO PNC BANK NA 

120 S. CENTRAL, CLAYTON, MO 63105 

ABA# 041000124 SWIFT CODE: PNCCUS33 

PLEASE REFERENCE ACCOUNT NO: 4612918902 

50% PAY RECEIPT OF INVOICE 

ADDITIONAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS: 

- PRICE IS FIRM FOR 30 DAYS FOR SHIPMENT 

IN FEBRUARY, 2012. 

- PRODUCT IS AVAILABLE FROM MARTINEZ, CA• 

• 	FREIGHT IS PREPAID AND ADD, VIA AN MECS 

DESIGNATED CARRIER - OR· COLLECT, VIA AN 

ASARCO DESIGNATED CARRiER. 

-	 FUNDS RECEIVED BY MECS AFTER THE DUE DATE SPECIFIED 

WILL BE CHARGED A LATE PAYMENT FEE OF 0.05% PER DAY. 

THE LATE PAYMENT FEE WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE DAY 

THE OVERDUE FUNDS ARE RECEIVED. 

ACCEPTED AS OF THIS DATE: DATE: November 7,2011 

("BUYERft) MECS, Inc. rSELLER', 

BY: By:als=a~ TITLE: 

The terms and conditions attached and/or set forth on face and reverse side hereof are a part of this proposal. Please 

understand that by sending your acknowledgement, purchase order or other document for the equipment which is the 

subject of this proposal or by acceptIng delivery of such eqUipment you agree to the terms and conditions set forth on the 

reverse side hereof as well as those set forth on the face hereof. Any different or additional terms in your acceptance of 

this offer are hereby objected to. 

PE.PRO.CA (REV. 01/97) RC 198649-00 	 Page 1 
Page 2 of2 

Oscar, we need a change order to add the 20k liters of XCS-120; price is $7.25/Iiter exworks. 

The balance of the order will be shipped later in time for your April SID. 

I think I covered all that was discussed; if not callIe-mail me. 

Thanks 

Carlos Iwaszkowiec 

MECS, Inc. 

14522 South Outer Forty Road 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

Ph.: 314-275-5742 

Fax: 314-275-5918 

Cell: 314-308-4916 

This e-mail contains information intended only for the use of the individual or entity named as the 

addressee. This communication may contain information that is the confidential and proprietary property 

ofMECS, Inc. If the reader of the e-mail is not an intended recipient or the employee or agent 

responsible for delivering it to an intended recipient, any review, dissemination, distribution or copying 

is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please immediately notify us at (314) 275­

5700 and delete the copy you received. 

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Inc. The recipient of this e-mail is solely responsible for checking for the presence of "Viruses" or other 

"Malware". MECS, Inc. accepts no liability for any damage caused by any such code transmitted by or 

accompanying this e-mail or any attachment. 

This e-mail has been scanned using Skeptic(TM) technology powered by MessageLabs. 

This e-mail contains information intended only for the use of the individual or entity named as the 

addressee. This communication may contain information that is the confidential and proprietary property 

ofMECS, Inc. If the reader of the e-mail is not an intended recipient or the employee or agent 

responsible for delivering it to an intended recipient, any review, dissemination, distribution or copying 

is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please immediately notify us at (314) 275­

5700 and delete the copy you received. 

All e-mails and attachments sent and received are subject to monitoring, reading and archival by MECS, 

Inc. The recipient of this e-mail is solely responsible for checking for the presence of "Viruses" or other 

"Mal ware". MECS, Inc. accepts no liability for any damage caused by any such code transmitted by or 

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11/3/2010 

..... 	 Page 1 of3 

Murphy, Jim 

From: IWASZKOWIEC, CARLOS [STL] [CARLOS.IWASZKOWlEC@MECSGLOBAL.COM] 

Sent: Monday, November 29, 2010 11 :48 AM 

To: Murphy, Jim 

Cc: WARREN, LINDA P [STL]; IWASZKOWlEC, CARLOS [STL] 

Subject: RE: Catalist PO H26667 and Shipments 

Jim, 

As a follow up to your phone call/request last Wednesday regarding the subject plus additional catalyst 


you will need for the March shutdown, here is the status on what is left to ship plus the additional amounts 


you are requesting MECS to quote: 


Existing PO ~ rtJ JJ Ii JI4 Ifll"lff) r~ (.) 

) II.J) p,;, tj,..1 - XLP-11 0 (1,200 Itr bags) 22,800 liter to ship in February . .",-7 

"J..NIJ P4 ,2 - XLP-220 " 63600 liters - Shipped 51,600 - to ship in February 12,000) T, 8~ , :Jf 3 - XCS-120 20,000 liters - Shipped 	 , ~ '4 #{1'1"; 

.., ~_~ \., V /' /1\( FEf3

Additional quantities you requested (also to be shipped in February): '" . \ 

1- lJ \I" 

1 • XLP-220 (1,200 Itr bags) 10,800 liters Price $3.85I1iter FOB shipping point 


L 2 - XLP-11 0 (1,200 Itr bags) 21,600 liters Price $3.85I1iter FOB shipping point ./' 


3 - Cs-11 0 (1,200 Itr bags) 34,')0 liters Price $7.25/liter FOB shipping point V 


Please note that we kept the price as per the existing order and, an easy way to transact this additional 


amount would be to issue another revision to it. 


Let me know if you have any questions and of your decision, so we can lock this in to be delivered in 


February. 


Thanks, 

Carlos Iwaszkowiec 


MECS,lnc. 


14522 South Outer Forty Road 


Chesterfield, MO 63017 


Ph.: 314-275-5742 


Fax: 314-275-5918 


Cell: 314-308-4916 


From: IWASZKOWIEC, CARLOS [STL] [mailto:CARLOS.IWASZKOWIEC@MECSGLOBAL.COM] 


Sent: Wednesday, November 03, 2010 11:09 AM 


To: Murphy, Jim; Robles, Gilbert 


Cc: Stacy, Donna; Hise, Doyle G.; Jimenez, Juan; WARREN, LINDA P[STL]; Fernandez, Alberto; 


WINKLER, CHRISTOPHER D; FULGHUM, WAYNE L [AVON]; David Huerta Castillo 


Subject: Catalist Shipments 


Importance: High 


Jim/Oscar, 

51 k+ liters of XLP-220 (two trucks) will be leaving our warehouse near N. Orleans this afternoon with 


team drivers; the catalyst is being loaded as we speak; we will get the driver's cell phones and pass it to 


you so their progress can be monitored; according to Google maps, from N. Orleans to Hayden it is ­

12/2/20 10 
Page 2 of3 

1,500 miles; I don't know what the restrictions are even on team drivers, but I expect there might be some down 

time, so ETA could be Friday or early Saturday. 

The 20k liters of XCS-120 will be shipped (tomorrow/Friday) from MECS plant in Avon, CA, also with team drivers 

and should be there Saturday sometime. 

Once we get cell phones, weill pass these to you. 

As I don't have all the e-mails, please pass this on to the other folks that were in the conversations/contacted 

about this. From our end, Linda Warren is coordinating this order/shipment and will be sending the invoice for the 

30% shortly. Her phones are: office - 314-275-5748. 

Oscar, we need a change order to add the 20k liters of XCS-120; price is $7.25/liter exworks. 

The balance of the order will be shipped later in time for your April SID. 

I think I covered all that was discussed; if not call1e-mail me. 

Thanks 

Carlos Iwaszkowiec 

MECS, Inc. 

14522 South Outer Forty Road 

Chesterfield, MO 63017 

Ph.: 314-275-5742 

Fax: 314-275-5918 

Cell: 314-308-4916 

This e-mail contains information intended only for the use of the individual or entity named as the 

addressee. This communication may contain infonnation that is the confidential and proprietary property 

of MECS, Inc. If the reader of the e-mail is not an intended recipient or the employee or agent 

responsible for delivering it to an intended recipient, any review, dissemination, distribution or copying 

is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please immediately notify us at (314) 275­

5700 and delete the copy you received. 

All e-mails and attachments sent and received are subject to monitoring, reading and archival by MECS, 

Inc. The recipient of this e-mail is solely responsible for checking for the presence of "Viruses" or other 

"Malware". MECS, Inc. accepts no liability for any damage caused by any such code transmitted by or 

accompanying this e-mail or any attachment. 

This e-mail has been scanned using Skeptic(TM) technology powered by MessageLabs. 

This e-mail contains information intended only for the use of the individual or entity named as the 

addressee. This communication may contain infonnation that is the confidential and proprietary property 

of MECS, Inc. If the reader of the e-mail is not an intended recipient or the employee or agent 

responsible for delivering it to an intended recipient, any review, dissemination, distribution or copying 

is strictly prohibited. If you have received this e-mail in error, please immediately notify us at (314) 275­

5700 and delete the copy you received. 

All e-mails and attachments sent and received are subject to monitoring, reading and archival by MECS, 

Inc. The recipient of this e-mail is solely responsible for checking for the presence of "Viruses" or other 

12/2/20] 0