IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

No. 19-0255

Filed July 24, 2019

IN THE INTEREST OF S.K.,

Minor Child,

A.L., Mother,

Appellant.

________________________________________________________________

Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Pottawattamie County, Scott Strait, 

District Associate Judge.

A mother appeals the termination of her parental rights. AFFIRMED.

Anne M. Rohling of Rohling Law, PLLC, Council Bluffs, for appellant mother.

Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Meredith L. Lamberti, Assistant 

Attorney General, for appellee State.

Maura C. Goaley, Council Bluffs, attorney and guardian ad litem for minor 

child.

Considered by Mullins, P.J., Bower, J., and Blane, S.J.*

*Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206 (2019).
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BLANE, Senior Judge.

The mother, Ashley, did not sufficiently address her substance-abuse 

issues to resume care of her child, S.K., and termination of her parental rights is 

supported under Iowa Code section 232.116(1)(h) (2018). 

We review termination proceedings de novo. In re A.B., 815 N.W.2d 764, 

773 (Iowa 2012). “Our primary concern . . . has always been the best interests of 

the child[ren].” In re L.T., 924 N.W.2d 521, 529 (Iowa 2019). We begin by 

considering the statutory grounds. “When the juvenile court terminates parental 

rights on more than one statutory ground, we may affirm the juvenile court’s order 

on any ground we find supported by the record.” A.B., 815 N.W.2d at 774. The 

juvenile court terminated Ashley’s parental rights under paragraphs (b), (e), (g), 

(h), and (l) of Iowa Code section 232.116(1). We consider the grounds of section 

232.116(1)(h), which allows the court to terminate parental rights if all of the 

following factors are met:

(1) The child is three years of age or younger.

(2) The child has been adjudicated a child in need of 

assistance pursuant to section 232.96.

(3) The child has been removed from the physical custody of 

the child’s parents for at least twelve of the last eighteen months, or 

for the last twelve consecutive months and any trial period at home 

has been less than thirty days.

(4) There is clear and convincing evidence that at the present 

time the child cannot be returned to the custody of the child’s parents 

as provided in section 232.102.

Ashley contends the State did not show S.K. cannot be returned to her custody. 

S.K. was born in November 2017 and removed from her parents 

immediately upon birth when hospital staff observed and reported to the 

department of human services (DHS) unusual behavior by the parents. Previously, 
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Ashley had her parental rights terminated to four other biological children based 

on her unresolved substance-abuse issues.1 Ashley reported she has used 

methamphetamine since she was fourteen years old. She tested positive for 

methamphetamine while pregnant with S.K. DHS initiated child-in-need-ofassistance (CINA) proceedings, and S.K. was placed in foster care. During these 

CINA proceedings, Ashley completed substance-abuse and mental-health 

evaluations but never followed through with or completed treatment. She tested 

positive for methamphetamine in May 2018 and missed nine random drug screens 

in total. She was dishonest in substance-abuse treatment about her use, reporting

she was sober even though she tested positive or missed tests. 

S.K. was born with a significant health issue requiring surgery and 

specialized medical care. She vomits frequently and suffers breathing 

abnormalities. At times, she has been dangerously underweight, but recently she 

has been improving in her physical condition. Cognitively, she shows some signs 

of developmental delays but requires further testing and evaluation. She will 

require continuing treatment and consistent care. 

Although at one point Ashley had overnight visits with S.K., she repeatedly 

called the family safety, risk, and permanency (FSRP) worker to end the visits early 

because she was unable to console S.K. or put S.K. to sleep or because she had 

to work the next morning. The DHS withdrew overnight visits and offered semisupervised visits. Once Ashley tested positive for methamphetamine in May 2018, 

DHS offered only supervised visits. Generally, though, no safety concerns were 

 

1 S.K.’s purported father’s parental rights were also terminated, and he does not join in 

this appeal. 
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noted at supervised visits; Ashley was able to provide appropriate care without 

prompting. She was also able to purchase appropriate equipment and toys for 

S.K. 

Ashley has been inconsistently employed during this CINA case—she has

reported obtaining and leaving multiple jobs in restaurants and hotels. She moved 

out of her father’s home and rented her own apartment in May 2018, but the

electricity was turned off in September for lack of payment. 

In September, the State filed a petition to terminate parental rights. 

Following the hearing, the court terminated Ashley’s rights. On our review of the 

record, we find the evidence is clear and convincing that S.K. could not be returned 

to Ashley’s custody. Although on appeal Ashley contends she has been sober, 

she had a positive drug test and missed nine random tests during these 

proceedings. She complains she missed the tests because she was working. 

Most significantly, she also has not completed any ordered substance-abuse or 

mental-health treatment and was not truthful to service providers and DHS about 

her use. “[U]nresolved, severe, and chronic drug addiction can render a parent 

unfit to raise children” by exposing the children to “hazards [that] are too great.” 

A.B., 815 N.W.2d at 776. Ashley has been using methamphetamine since she 

was fourteen, and it has caused her to lose her parental rights to her other children; 

she still has not addressed her addiction or demonstrated sufficient sobriety to 

ensure S.K.’s safety in her care. 

In addition, although supervised visitation went well, Ashley was unable to 

care for S.K. on her own during multiple unsupervised overnight visitations and 

had to ask they be terminated early. Considering S.K.’s medical condition and her 
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need for specialized, consistent, and timely care, Ashley is unable to meet those

needs at this time. Although she has obtained her own apartment, Ashley’s 

employment has been inconsistent and she has been unable to pay her bills to 

provide a habitable home environment for S.K. S.K. is currently placed with a 

foster family who is able to meet her needs and see to her medical care. She has 

been out of Ashley’s custody almost her entire life. The evidence is clear and 

convincing Ashley cannot resume custody of S.K. at this time. The State 

established the statutory basis for termination under section 232.116(1)(h), and 

accordingly, we affirm termination of Ashley’s parental rights.

AFFIRMED.