FILED

September 4, 1996

Cecil Crowson, Jr.

Appellate Court Clerk

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE, WESTERN SECTION

AT KNOXVILLE

_______________________________________________________

)

JEANNIE FARROW, ) Knox County Circuit Court

) No. 3-494-95

 Plaintiff/Appellant. )

)

VS. ) C. A. NO. 03A01-9603-CV-00089

)

WARREN G. REED, )

)

 Defendant/Appellee. )

)

______________________________________________________________________________

From the Circuit Court of Knox County at Knoxville.

Honorable Wheeler A. Rosenbalm, Judge 

Carl R. Ogle, Jr., Jefferson City, Tennessee

Attorney for Plaintiff/Appellant.

Debby A. Thompson,

J. Tucker Montgomery,

MONTGOMERY & THOMPSON, Knoxville, Tennessee

Attorneys for Defendant/Appellee.

OPINION FILED:

AFFIRMED

FARMER, J.

CRAWFORD, P.J., W.S. : (Concurs)

LEWIS, J. : (Concurs)
In this medical malpractice action, Plaintiff-Appellant, Jeannie Farrow (“Farrow”

or “Plaintiff”), appeals the trial court’s judgment granting the Motion for Summary Judgment

filed by Defendant-Appellee, Warren G. Reed (“Dr. Reed” or “Defendant”).

On December 31, 1991, Dr. Reed performed out-patient surgery on Farrow to

correct a dislocated second digit of her right foot. During the surgery, Dr. Reed placed a 26-

gauge monofilament wire in Farrow’s toe to hold the bones in place while they healed. 

On July 26, 1994, Farrow consulted another doctor, who examined Farrow’s right

foot. The amended complaint alleges that the doctor informed Farrow that a “foreign object” had

been placed in the second digit of Farrow’s right foot and, further, that a different toe also had

been broken and/or dislocated. 

On July 25, 1995, Farrow sued Dr. Reed for negligence. In her amended

complaint, Farrow alleged that Dr. Reed negligently placed a foreign object in the second digit of

Farrow’s right foot and negligently allowed the foreign object to remain there. Farrow also

alleged that Dr. Reed’s actions constituted fraudulent concealment in that Dr. Reed “never

informed [Farrow] of the foreign object or of the [additional] broken and/or dislocated toe but

instead constantly informed and advised [Farrow] that her foot was healing properly.” 

Dr. Reed subsequently filed a Motion for Summary Judgment on the grounds that

Farrow’s malpractice action was barred by the three-year statute of repose contained in T.C.A.

§ 29-26-116 (1980). The trial court agreed and granted Dr. Reed’s motion.

On appeal, Farrow presents the following issue for review:

Whether the circuit judge erred in finding that the

plaintiff’s complaint was barred on the statute of limitations and

repose grounds and further finding that the foreign object and the

fraudulent concealment exception did not apply.

As pertinent, section 29-26-116 provides that:
(3) In no event shall any [malpractice] action be brought

more than three (3) years after the date on which the negligent act

or omission occurred except where there is fraudulent concealment

on the part of the defendant in which case the action shall be

commenced within one (1) year after discovery that the cause of

action exists.

(4) The time limitation herein set forth shall not apply in

cases where a foreign object has been negligently left in a patient’s

body in which case the action shall be commenced within one (1)

year after the alleged injury or wrongful act is discovered or should

have been discovered.

T.C.A. § 29-26-116 (1980).

We first reject Farrow’s contention that the “foreign object” exception saves this

action from being time-barred by the three-year statute of repose. The Supreme Court has held

that the “foreign object” exception found in section 29-26-116(4) applies only “to cases where

something never intended to be inserted at all or something only temporarily utilized was

negligently permitted to remain in a patient’s body, such as a clamp or sponge following

surgery.” Hall v. Ervin, 642 S.W.2d 724, 727 (Tenn. 1982). The exception does not apply “to

an object which [has] been deliberately implanted . . . , such as an intra-uterine contraceptive

device, a pacemaker, dental work or other devices knowingly and intentionally inserted and

intended to remain for an indefinite period of time.” Id. 

Here, Dr. Reed’s uncontradicted affidavit filed in support of his Motion for

Summary Judgment stated that he intended to place the wire in Farrow’s toe during surgery and

that he intended for the wire to remain in the toe permanently. Accordingly, the “foreign object”

exception does not apply in this case.

We likewise reject Farrow’s contention that the fraudulent concealment exception

prevents her action from being time-barred. In order to establish fraudulent concealment in a

malpractice case, the plaintiff must show that “the physician had knowledge of the wrong done

and concealed such information from the patient.” Housh v. Morris, 818 S.W.2d 39, 43 (Tenn.

App. 1991). “Knowledge on the part of the physician of the facts giving rise to a cause of action

is an essential element of fraudulent concealment.” Benton v. Snyder, 825 S.W.2d 409, 414

(Tenn. 1992).
1

In Byrd v. Hall, 847 S.W.2d 208, 215 (Tenn. 1993), the Supreme Court explained the

burden placed on the nonmoving party in a summary judgment proceeding:

When the party seeking summary judgment makes a properly

supported motion, the burden then shifts to the nonmoving party to

set forth specific facts, not legal conclusions, by using affidavits or

the discovery materials listed in Rule 56.03 [T.R.C.P.], establishing

that there are indeed disputed, material facts creating a genuine issue

that needs to be resolved by the trier of fact and that a trial is therefore

necessary. The nonmoving party may not rely upon the allegations or

denials of his pleadings in carrying out this burden as mandated by

Rule 56.05.

In this case, Dr. Reed’s affidavit stated that he diagnosed Farrow’s dislocated toe

by viewing x-rays taken four months after Farrow’s injury. At that time, “[n]o associated

fractures were seen.” Although Farrow’s complaint asserted that a second doctor diagnosed an

additional broken and/or dislocated toe in July 1994, the record contains no evidence that Dr.

Reed knew of the additional injury or that the injury existed in December 1991 when Dr. Reed

viewed Farrow’s x-rays and made his diagnosis. Accordingly, no evidence has been presented to

support Farrow’s fraudulent concealment theory.1

The judgment of the trial court is affirmed. Costs are assessed against Farrow, for

which execution may issue if necessary.

___________________________________

FARMER, J.

______________________________

CRAWFORD, P.J., W.S. (Concurs)

______________________________

LEWIS, J. (Concurs)