### UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION 5 77 WEST JACKSON BOULEVARD CHICAGO, IL 60604-3590

REPLYTOTHEATTENTION OF:

CERTIFIED MAIL 7009 1680 0000 7674 5314 RETURNRECEIPT REQUESTED Mr. Scott McDonald Project Manager Archer Daniels Midland Company 4666 Faries Parkway Decatur, Illinois 62526 WU-161

Subject: Second Requestfor Information RegardingArcherDaniels Midland (ADM) Well CCS #2, United States EnvironmentalProtectionAgency Underground Injection Control (VIC) PermitApplication#IL-115-6A-0001 Dear Mr. McDonald: The Underground Injection Control (UIC) Branch has completed additional review ofthe permit applicationreferenced above. Our comments and requests for additional information for Sections 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and a list ofrequired reference documents are enclosed. Please submityour answers within 30 days ofyour receipt ofthis letter. Inquiries concerning the contents ofthe enclosures may be directedto Dana Rzeznik ofmy staff by telephone at (312) 353-6492 orby email to rzeznik.dana@epa.gov. Sincerely yours,

# ~~d-~~ Rebecca Harvey, Chief Underground Injection Control Branch

cc: Mark Burau, ADM, with enclosures StephenNightingale, IEPA EnclosuresNotes/Deficiencies, ADM Class VI Permit Application, Section 3- Injection, Verification and Geophysical Wells Design and Construction

• According to 40 CFR 145.85 (B) Casing and cementing of Class VI Wells, it states "All well material must be compatible with fluids with which the materials may be expected to come into contact and must meet or exceed standards developed for such materials by the American Petroleum Institute, ASTM international or Comparable standards acceptable by the Director."



### Pleaseprovide a copy ofsuch standards for reference.

Notes/Deficiencies, ADM Class VI Permit Application, Section 4- Operation Program and Surface Facilities



### • Pleaseprovide the composition ofthe annulus fluid.
Notes/Deficiencies, ADM Class VI Permit Application, Section 6- Monitoring and Testing Plan 

### Section 6A.l.2- Please provide the rationale used to selectthe parameters to be analyzed in Appendix E. Please also address the corrosivity and toxicity ofthe injectate. Section 6A.2- More specific informationto "other zones above the caprock, and the shallow groundwater zones" is needed as the geologic stratigraphy ofthe site is known. The type of "monitoring data" should be specified "

... to validate modelingtechniques used in predicting the distribution ofcarbon dioxide." Section 6A.2.1 and 6A.2.2 -Please specifymethods to be used or reference appropriate sections for more detailed infonnation about the monitoring methods and systems. Section 6A.2.5 -Please specify the type ofacoustic measurements and provide reference thatthe acoustic methods couldprovide credible results intracking the plume. Please specify the type of seismic surveyto be used. Section 6A.6- Inthe discussion ofsemiarmual reports under monthly values, please change ii. Flow rate and volumeto Flowrate and mass. Section 6B.3. I)b- Please explainhowthe "

...more than 100 feet" was selected. Section 6B.3.1 We could not locate Figure 6- please provide a copy.The groundwatermonitoring wells thatterminate in the Pennsylvanian are really quite shallow and serve thepurpose to directly monitor anypotential changes to the locally utilized USDW rather than monitoring for leakage through the primary confining zone. EPA Guidance says "

..the owner is required to constructmonitoring wells perforated above the confining zone ina suitable formation for collection ofground water samples." The seemingly most economical solutionwould be ifthe Westbay system in the verification well could be perforated inthe aquifer above the Eau Claire (to detect leak<tge throughthe confining zone) as well as in the St. Peter (to detect fluid movement into the lowest USDW). Please address this issue inyour response. Notes/Deficiencies, ADM Class VI Permit Application, Section 7- Injection Fluid Characteristics

• No comments Notes/Deficiencies, ADM Class VI Permit Application, Section 8- Injection, Verification and Geophysical Wells Plugging and Abandonment Section 8A- Injectionwell

• With the proposed number ofsacks ofcement used for Plug #1 through#14, the calculated top ofcement would be at 219', and an additional plugis required from 219' to the surface (requiring 84 sacks ofcement). In addition, since the well will be plugged from the total depth to surface, a 20% excess cement should be used across the perforations. Please revise the P&Aplanto account for these requirements. Please also verifythatthe cost estimate is based on the actual costs ofcontracting an independent third party to conduct the activities.

Section 8B

- Verification well

• With the proposed number ofsacks ofcement used for Plug #1 through#14, the calculatedtop ofcement would be at 171 ', and an additionalplugis required from 171' to the surface (requiring 20 sacks ofcement). In addition, since the well will be plugged from the total depth to surface, a 20% excess cement should beused across the perforations. Please revise the P&Aplanto account for these requirements. Please also verify thatthe cost estimate is based onthe actual costs ofcontracting an independent thirdpartyto conductthe activities.

Section 8C

- Geophysical well

• Please provide the P&Aplan (form 7520-14) for this well. Please include a costestimate based onthe actual costs ofcontracting an independent third party to conductthe plugging and abandonment activities ofthe plan.References neededforADM CCS#2 Application Archie, G.E., 1942. The electrical resistivity log as an aid indetermining some reservoir characteristics: Journal ofPetroleum Technology, v. 5, p. 54-62. Bell, A.H., E. Atherton, T.C. Buschbach, D.H. Swann, 1964. Deep Oil Possibilities ofthe Illinois Basin, Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 368, 38 p. Berger, P.M., Mehnert, E., & Roy, W. R. (2009). Geochemical Modeling ofCarbon Sequestration in the Mt. Simon Sandstone.Abstracts with Programs, 41 (4), 4. Bethke, C. M. (2006). The Geochemist's Workbench (Release 6.0) Reference Manual. Golden, CO: Rockware, Inc. Bickford, M.E., W.R. Van Schmus, and I. Zietz, 1986. Proterozoic history ofthe mid-continent region ofNorth America: Geology, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 492-496. 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Groundwater discharge in the Illinois Basin as suggested bytemperature anomalies: Water Resources Research, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 912-918. Chenoweth, C., and A. Louchios, 2004. Directory ofCoal Mines in Illinois, 7.5-minute Quadrangle Series: Decatur Quadrangle, Macon County, Illinois. Illinois State Geological Survey, 12 p., with "Coal Mines in Illinois- Decatur Quadrangle, Macon County, Illinois", Illinois State Geological Survey Maps (l :24,000). Dickey, P.A. and Andresen K.H. 1946. "Selection ofPressure Water Flooding Various Reservoirs," Drilling and Production Practice, American Petroleum Institute. Driese, S.G., C.W. Byers, and R.H. Dott, Jr., 1981. Tidal deposition in the basal Upper Cambrian Mt. Simon Formation in Wisconsin: Journal ofSedimentary Petrology, v. 51, no. 2, p. 367-381.Droste, J.B., and R.H. Shaver, 1983. Atlas ofearly and middle Paleozoic paleogeography ofthe southern Great Lakes area: IndianaDepartment ofNatmalResomces, Indiana Geological Survey, Special Report 32, 32 p. Emrich, G.H., 1966. Ironton and Galesville (Cambrian) Sandstones in Illinois and adjacent areas, Illinois State Geological Survey, Circular 403, 55 p. Feinstein, D.T., R.J. Hunt and H.W. Reeves, 2010. Regional groundwater-flowmodel ofthe Lake Michigan Basin in support ofGreat Lakes Basin water availability and use studies, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5109: 379. Fenghom, A., Wakeham, W. A., & Vesovic, V. (1999). The Viscosity ofCarbon Dioxide. J Phys. Chern. RefData, 27 (1). Frailey, S.M., Damico, J., Leetaru, H.E., 2010. Reservoir Characterization ofthe Mt. Simon Sandstone, Illinois Basin, USA, proceedings, 1Oth International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies (GHGT-10), Amsterdam, September 19-23,2010. Freeze, R.A. and J.A. Cherry, 1979. Groundwater. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, Inc. Frommelt, D. 2009. Letterto Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Subject: Lowermost underground somce ofdrinking water (USDW), Archer Daniels Midland Company- UIC Permit UIC-012-ADM, dated September 29,2009. Frommelt, D., 2010. Letterto the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency, Subject: CCS Well #1 Completion Report, Archer Daniels Midland Company- UIC PermitUIC-012-ADM, dated May 5, 2010. Gibb, J.P., R.M. Schuller, and R.A. Griffin, 1981, Proceduresfor the collection of representative water quality datafrom monitoringwells, Illinois State Geological Survey Cooperative Groundwater Report 7, Champaign, IL, 61 p. Gupta, N. and E.S. Bair, 1997. Variable-density flow inthe midcontinent basins and arches region ofthe United States, Water Resomces Research, 33(8): 1785-1802. Hester, N.C., 1969. Sand and gravel resomces ofMacon County, Illinois: Illinois State Geological Survey Circular 446, 16 p. Howard, G. C. and C.R. Fast. 1970. Hydraulic Fracturing, New York Society ofPetroleum Engineers ofAIME, 210 p. Huang, T. and Rudnicki, J.W., 2006. A mathematical model for seepage ofdeeply buried groundwater underhigher temperature and pressure, Journal ofHydrology, Vol. 327, 42-54. Illinois State Geological Survey Mt. Simon databaseIllinois State Geological Survey, 2006. Directory ofCoal Mines in Illinois, Logan County, 10 p. Illinois State Geological Survey, 2006. Directory ofCoal Mines in Illinois, Macoupin County, 17 p. Kestin, J., E. Khalifa and R.J. Correia, 1981. Tables ofdynamic andkinematic viscosity of aqueousNaCl solutions inthe temperature range 20-150°C and the pressure range 0.1-35 MPa. Journal of"Physicaland ChemicalReference Data, 10(1): 71-87. Kalata, D.R., 199l.lllinoisbasin geometry, in M.W. Leighton, D.R. Kalata, D.F. Oltz, and 

### .T.J. Eidel, eds., Interior cratonic basins: American Association ofPetroleum Geologists, Memoir 51, p. 197. Lamar, J.E., 1964. Subsurface limestone resources inMacon County: Illinois State Geological Survey Unpublished Manuscript 141 Larson, D.R., B.L. Herzog and T.H. Larson, 2003. Groundwater Geology ofDeWitt, Piatt, and Northern Macon Counties, Illinois. Champaign, IL, Illinois State Geological Survey Environmental Geology !55: 35. Larson, K.R., 1965. Exhibit 25: Core Analyses. In the matter ofthe Application ofthe Peoples Gas Light and Coke Company for an order and certificate ofconvenience and necessity to develop, construct, operate and maintainthe Mahomet Storage Field in Champaign and Piatt Counties, Illinois Commerce Commission, DocketNo. 51416 [Unpublished data, a copy of which is available for inspection atthe Library ofthe Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign IL]. Leetaru, H., 20II. Personal communication, Illinois State Geological Survey. Leetaru, H.E., D.G. Morse, R. Bauer, S. Frailey, D. Keefer, D. Kalata, C. Korose, E. Mehnert, S. Rittenhouse, J. Drahovzal, S. Fisher, J. McBride, 2005. Saline reservoirs as a sequestration target, inAnAssessment ofGeological Carbon Sequestration Options inthe Illinois Basin, Final Report for U.S. DOE Contract: DE-FC26-03NT41994, Principal Investigator: Robert Finley, p 253-324 Locke, R. A., & Mehnert, E. (2011). Quarterly GroundwaterReport for Illinois EPA UndergroundInjection Control PermitNumber UIC-012-ADM (2011 Q1). University ofIllinois, Illinois State Geological Survey. Locke, R. A. II, and Mehnert, E., December 17,2010. Quarterly Groundwater Report For Illinois EPAUnderground Injection Control PermitNumber UIC-012-ADM (2010 Q4) submitted bythe Illinois State Geological Survey to Mark Carroll, Environmental Compliance Manager, ADM Decatur ComProcessing Plant.Meyer, S.C., G.S. Roadcap, Y.-F. Lin and D.D. Walker, 2009. Kane County Water Resources Investigations: Simulation ofGroundwater Flowin Kane County and Northeastern Illinois, Illinois State Water Survey Contract Report 2009-07: 425. Nelson, W . .T., 1995. Structural features in Illinois, Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 100, 144 p. Nightingale, S. 2009. Letterto ArcherDaniels Midland Company, Subject: Lowermost underground source ofdrinking water (USDW), PermitNo. UIC-012-ADM, Log No. PS09-206, dated December 2, 2009. Orion Research Inc., 1990, C02 Electrode Instruction Manual, Orion Research Inc., 36 p. Poole, V.L., K. Cartwright andD. Leap, 1989. Use ofGeophysical Logs to Estimate WaterQuality ofBasal Pennsylvanian Sandstones, Southwestern Illinois. Ground Water 27(5): 682- 688. Quarterly Groundwater ReportFor Illinois EPA Underground Injection Control Permit Number UIC-012-ADM (2010 Q4), Locke, R. and Mehnert, E. December 17,2010. Redlich, Otto, & Kwong, .T. N. S. (1949). Onthe Thermodynamics ofSolutions. V. An Equation ofState. Fugacities ofGaseous Solutions. ChemicalReviews, 44 (1): 233. Robinson, J. 2003. Personal communication, FranklinWell Services, Lawrenceville, Illinois. Sargent, M.L., and Z. Lasemi, 1993. Tidally dominated depositional environment for the Mt. Simon Sandstone in central Illinois: Great Lakes Section, Geological Society ofAmerica, Abstracts and Programs, v. 25, no. 3, p. 78. Spycher, N., & Pruess, K. (2005). C02-H20 mixtures in the geological sequestration ofC02. II. Partioning in chloride brines at 12-1OOC and up to 600 bar. Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa, 69 (13), 3309-3320. Treworgy, C., C. Korose, C.Chenoweth, and D. North, 2000. Availability ofthe Springfield Coal for Mining inIllinois, Illinois State Geological Survey, Illinois Minerals 118. Vaiden, R.C., 1991. Christian and Macon Counties, Cross-Section E-E' Various years, Illinois Annual Oil Field Reports, Illinois State Geological Survey. Vesovic, V., Wakeham, W. A., Olchowy, G. A., Sengers, .T.V., Watson, J. T., & Millat, 

### J. (1990). The Transport Properties ofCarbon Dioxide. J Phys. Chem. RefData, 19 (3). Willman, H.B., E. Atherton, T.C. Buschbach, C. Collinson, J.C. Frye, M.E. Hopkins, J.A. Lineback, and J.A. Simon, 1975. Handbook ofIllinois Stratigraphy, Illinois State Geological Survey Bulletin 95, 261 pp.Zaytsev, I. D., & Aseyev, G. G. (1992). Properties ofAqueousSolutions of Electrolytes. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Zimmerman, R.W., 1991. Compressibility ofsandstones, Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam.