United States

Department of

Agriculture

Natural

Resources

Conservation

Service

Soil Survey of

Humboldt County,

Iowa

In cooperation with

Iowa Agriculture and Home

Economics Experiment

Station and Cooperative

Extension Service, Iowa

State University; and

Division of Soil

Conservation, Iowa

Department of Agriculture

and Land Stewardship
The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is committed to making its

information accessible to all of its customers and employees. If you are experiencing

accessibility issues and need assistance, please contact our Helpdesk by phone at

1-800-457-3642 or by e-mail at helpdesk@helpdesk.itc.nrcs.usda.gov. For assistance

with publications that include maps, graphs, or similar forms of information, you may

also wish to contact our State or local office. You can locate the correct office and

phone number at http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app.

NRCS Accessibility Statement
General Soil Map

The general soil map, which is a color map, shows the survey area divided into groups of associated soils called

general soil map units. This map is useful in planning the use and management of large areas.

To find information about your area of interest, locate that area on the map, identify the name of the map unit in the

area on the color-coded map legend, then refer to the section General Soil Map Units for a general description of

the soils in your area.

Detailed Soil Maps

The detailed soil maps can be useful in planning the use and

management of small areas.

To find information about your area

of interest, locate that area on the

Index to Map Sheets. Note the

number of the map sheet and turn

to that sheet.

Locate your area of interest on

the map sheet. Note the map unit

symbols that are in that area. Turn

to the Contents, which lists the

map units by symbol and name

and shows the page where each

map unit is described.

The Contents shows which table

has data on a specific land use for

each detailed soil map unit. Also

see the Contents for sections of

this publication that may address

your specific needs.

3

How To Use This Soil Survey
4

Additional information about the Nation’s natural resources is available on the

Natural Resources Conservation Service homepage on the World Wide Web. The

address is http://www.nrcs.usda.gov.

This soil survey is a publication of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort

of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State

agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The

Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) has

leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey.

Major fieldwork for this soil survey was completed in 1998. Soil names and

descriptions were approved in 1998. Unless otherwise indicated, statements in this

publication refer to conditions in the survey area in 1998. This survey was made

cooperatively by the Natural Resources Conservation Service; the Iowa Agriculture and

Home Economics Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State

University; and the Iowa Division of Soil Conservation, Iowa Department of Agriculture

and Land Stewardship. The survey is part of the technical assistance furnished to the

Humboldt County Soil and Water Conservation District.

Soil maps in this survey may be copied without permission. Enlargement of these

maps, however, could cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping. If enlarged,

maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a

larger scale.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all of

its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability,

political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases

apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for

communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should

contact the USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice or TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights,

Room 326W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC

20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity

provider and employer.

Cover: Soybeans in an area of Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes. Okoboji silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes, is in the background. Most areas of these soils are intensively

row cropped.
5

Contents

How To Use This Soil Survey ................................. 3

Foreword ................................................................. 9

General Nature of the Survey Area......................... 11

Climate ............................................................... 11

History and Development ................................... 12

Transportation Facilities ...................................... 12

Industry .............................................................. 12

Recreation .......................................................... 12

Farming .............................................................. 12

Physiography and Drainage ............................... 13

How This Survey Was Made ................................... 13

General Soil Map Units ........................................ 15

1. Webster-Clarion-Nicollet Association ........... 15

2. Garmore-Clarion-Webster Association ........ 16

3. Canisteo-Clarion-Nicollet Association .......... 17

4. Lester-Spillville-Coland Association ............. 18

5. Spillville-Ridgeport-Coland Association ....... 19

Detailed Soil Map Units ........................................ 21

6—Okoboji silty clay loam, depressional,

0 to 1 percent slopes.................................... 22

27B—Terril loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes .............. 22

54—Zook silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 22

55—Nicollet loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes ............ 23

62F—Storden loam, 18 to 25 percent slopes ..... 23

90—Okoboji mucky silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes ............. 23

95—Harps clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ....... 24

107—Webster silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 24

135—Coland clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 25

138B—Clarion loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes ........ 25

138C2—Clarion loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes,

moderately eroded ....................................... 25

175—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes ............................................. 26

175B—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 2 to 5

percent slopes ............................................. 26

175C—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 5 to 9

percent slopes ............................................. 27

188—Kensett silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 27

201B—Coland-Terril complex, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 27

203—Cylinder loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand

and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes ................. 28

221—Klossner muck, depressional, 0 to 1

percent slopes ............................................. 28

236B—Lester loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes .......... 29

236C—Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes ......... 29

236C2—Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes,

moderately eroded ....................................... 29

236D2—Lester loam, 9 to 14 percent slopes,

moderately eroded ....................................... 30

236E—Lester loam, 14 to 18 percent slopes ...... 30

236F—Lester loam, 18 to 25 percent slopes ...... 30

253B—Farrar fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 31

253C—Farrar fine sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent

slopes .......................................................... 31

256G—Lester-Storden complex, 25 to 40

percent slopes ............................................. 32

259—Biscay clay loam, 32 to 40 inches to

sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes......... 32

274—Rolfe silt loam, depressional, 0 to 1

percent slopes ............................................. 33

308—Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand

and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes ................. 33

308B—Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand

and gravel, 2 to 5 percent slopes ................. 33

330—Kingston silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 34

338—Garmore loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes ........ 34

339—Truman silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 35

339B—Truman silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 35

344B—Copaston fine sandy loam, 1 to 5

percent slopes ............................................. 35

354—Aquolls (marsh), ponded, 0 to 1

percent slopes ............................................. 36

485—Spillville loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded..................................... 36

506—Wacousta silty clay loam, depressional,

0 to 1 percent slopes.................................... 36

507—Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 37

508—Calcousta silty clay loam, depressional,

0 to 1 percent slopes.................................... 37
6

526—Wacousta mucky silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes ............. 38

536—Hanlon fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded ........................ 38

638C2—Clarion-Storden complex, 5 to 9

percent slopes, moderately eroded .............. 38

659—Mayer loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand

and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes ................. 39

823—Ridgeport sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes .......................................................... 39

823B—Ridgeport sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 40

823C2—Ridgeport sandy loam, 5 to 9

percent slopes, moderately eroded .............. 40

828B—Zenor sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes .......................................................... 40

828C2—Zenor sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent

slopes, moderately eroded ........................... 41

829D2—Zenor-Storden complex, 9 to 14

percent slopes, moderately eroded .............. 41

835D2—Storden-Omsrud complex, 9 to 14

percent slopes, moderately eroded .............. 42

835E2—Storden-Omsrud complex, 14 to 18

percent slopes, moderately eroded .............. 42

956—Harps-Okoboji, depressional, complex,

0 to 2 percent slopes.................................... 43

1585—Spillville-Coland complex, channeled,

0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded ..... 43

4000—Urban land .............................................. 44

5010—Pits, gravel .............................................. 45

5030—Pits, limestone quarries ........................... 45

5040—Udorthents, loamy (cut and fill land) ........ 45

5080—Udorthents, sanitary landfill..................... 45

AW—Animal waste ............................................. 46

SL—Sewage lagoon ........................................... 46

W—Water........................................................... 46

Use and Management of the Soils ...................... 47

Interpretive Ratings ............................................ 47

Rating Class Terms ........................................ 47

Numerical Ratings.......................................... 47

Crops and Pasture ............................................. 47

Cropland Management Considerations .......... 47

Crop Yield Estimates ...................................... 49

Pasture and Hayland Interpretations .............. 50

Land Capability Classification ........................ 50

Prime Farmland ............................................. 51

Erosion Factors .............................................. 52

Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings .......... 52

Windbreak Suitability Groups ......................... 53

Recreation .......................................................... 54

Wildlife Habitat ................................................... 55

Engineering ........................................................ 56

Building Site Development ............................. 57

Sanitary Facilities ........................................... 58

Agricultural Waste Management .................... 59

Construction Materials ................................... 61

Water Management........................................ 61

Soil Properties ...................................................... 63

Engineering Index Properties ............................. 63

Physical Properties ............................................ 64

Chemical Properties ........................................... 65

Water Features ................................................... 66

Soil Features ...................................................... 67

Classification of the Soils .................................... 69

Soil Series and Their Morphology ........................... 69

Biscay Series ..................................................... 69

Calcousta Series ................................................ 70

Canisteo Series .................................................. 71

Clarion Series..................................................... 72

Coland Series..................................................... 73

Colo Series ........................................................ 73

Copaston Series................................................. 74

Crippin Series..................................................... 74

Cylinder Series ................................................... 75

Dickinson Series ................................................ 76

Farrar Series ...................................................... 76

Garmore Series .................................................. 77

Hanlon Series..................................................... 78

Harps Series ...................................................... 78

Havelock Series ................................................. 79

Hawick Series .................................................... 80

Kensett Series .................................................... 80

Kingston Series .................................................. 81

Klossner Series .................................................. 81

Knoke Series ...................................................... 82

Le Sueur Series ................................................. 83

Lester Series ...................................................... 84

Mayer Series ...................................................... 85

Nicollet Series .................................................... 85

Okoboji Series .................................................... 86
7

Omsrud Series ................................................... 87

Ridgeport Series ................................................ 88

Rolfe Series ........................................................ 88

Spillville Series ................................................... 89

Storden Series ................................................... 90

Sunburg Series .................................................. 91

Terril Series ........................................................ 91

Truman Series .................................................... 92

Wacousta Series ................................................ 93

Wadena Series ................................................... 94

Webster Series ................................................... 94

Zenor Series ...................................................... 95

Zook Series ........................................................ 96

Formation of the Soils.......................................... 97

Factors of Soil Formation ................................... 97

Processes of Horizon Differentiation ................ 100

References .......................................................... 101

Glossary .............................................................. 103

Tables .................................................................. 117

Table 1.—Temperature and Precipitation .......... 118

Table 2.—Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall........ 119

Table 3.—Growing Season ............................... 119

Table 4.—Acreage and Proportionate

Extent of the Soils ...................................... 120

Table 5.—Cropland Management

Considerations ........................................... 122

Table 6.—Land Capability, Corn Suitability

Rating, Subsoil Nutrients, and Yields

per Acre of Crops....................................... 129

Table 7.—Land Capability and Yields per

Acre of Pasture .......................................... 133

Table 8.—Prime Farmland ................................ 137

Table 9.—Windbreaks and Environmental

Plantings .................................................... 138

Table 10.—Windbreak Suitability Groups ......... 146

Table 11a.—Recreational Development............ 149

Table 11b.—Recreational Development ............ 155

Table 12.—Wildlife Habitat ................................ 161

Table 13a.—Building Site Development ............ 165

Table 13b.—Building Site Development ............ 171

Table 14a.—Sanitary Facilities ......................... 179

Table 14b.—Sanitary Facilities.......................... 187

Table 15.—Agricultural Waste Management ..... 194

Table 16.—Construction Materials .................... 204

Table 17.—Water Management ........................ 210

Table 18.—Engineering Index Properties ......... 216

Table 19.—Physical Properties of the Soils ...... 229

Table 20.—Chemical Properties of the

Soils ........................................................... 236

Table 21.—Water Features ............................... 243

Table 22.—Soil Features .................................. 254

Table 23.—Classification of the Soils ................ 258

Issued 2004
8

Where To Get Updated Information

The soil properties and interpretations included in this survey were current as of

2002. More current information may be available from the Natural Resources

Conservation Service (NRCS) Field Office Technical Guide at Humboldt, Iowa, or online

at www.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/efotg. The data in the Field Office Technical Guide are

updated periodically.

More current information may also be available through the NRCS Soil Data Mart

Website at http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/

Additional information about soils and about NRCS is available through the Iowa

NRCS Web page at www.ia.nrcs.usda.gov.

For further information, please contact:

USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service

Iowa State Office

210 Walnut Street, Suite 693

Des Moines, IA 50309-2180

Phone: 515-284-4353
9

This soil survey contains information that affects land use planning in this survey

area. It contains predictions of soil behavior for selected land uses. The survey also

highlights soil limitations, improvements needed to overcome the limitations, and the

impact of selected land uses on the environment.

This soil survey is designed for many different users. Farmers, foresters, and

agronomists can use it to evaluate the potential of the soil and the management needed

for maximum food and fiber production. Planners, community officials, engineers,

developers, builders, and home buyers can use the survey to plan land use, select sites

for construction, and identify special practices needed to ensure proper performance.

Conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, wildlife

management, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the survey to help them

understand, protect, and enhance the environment.

Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose

special restrictions on land use or land treatment. The information in this report is

intended to identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land

treatment decisions. Statements made in this report are intended to help the land users

identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or

user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.

Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are

seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are shallow to bedrock. Some are too

unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are

poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil

poorly suited to basements or underground installations.

These and many other soil properties that affect land use are described in this soil

survey. Broad areas of soils are shown on the general soil map. The location of each

soil is shown on the detailed soil maps. Each soil in the survey area is described, and

information on specific uses is given. Help in using this publication and additional

information are available at the local office of the Natural Resources Conservation

Service or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Leroy Brown, Jr.

State Conservationist

Natural Resources Conservation Service

Foreword

11

HUMBOLDT COUNTY is in north-central Iowa (fig. 1). It

has a total area of 279,400 acres, or 436 square miles.

Dakota City, the county seat, is in the south-central

part of the county.

The county is mainly agricultural. The principal

crops are corn and soybeans. Oats, hay, and pasture

crops also are grown. A very small acreage along the

Des Moines River and its tributaries is woodland. The

raising of livestock, principally hogs and cow-calf

herds, is also an important source of agricultural

income in the county, and there are some dairy and

poultry operations. Industry is becoming increasingly

important in Humboldt County.

This soil survey updates an earlier survey of

Humboldt County published in 1961 (Richlen and

others, 1961). It provides additional information and

has larger maps, which show the soils in greater

detail.

General Nature of the Survey Area

This section provides general information about

Humboldt County. It describes climate, history and

development, transportation facilities, industry,

recreation, farming, and physiography and drainage.

Climate

Table 1 gives data on temperature and precipitation

for the survey area as recorded at Humboldt, Iowa, in

the period 1961 to 1990. Table 2 shows probable dates

of the first freeze in fall and the last freeze in spring.

Table 3 provides data on length of the growing season.

In winter, the average temperature is 19 degrees F

and the average daily minimum temperature is 9.6

degrees. The lowest temperature during the period of

record was -33 degrees. In summer, the average

temperature is 71 degrees and the average daily

maximum temperature is 83 degrees. The highest

temperature during the period of record was 104

degrees.

Growing degree days are shown in table 1. They

are equivalent to “heat units.” During the month,

growing degree days accumulate by the amount that

Soil Survey of

Humboldt County, Iowa

By Robin J. Wisner and James M. Gertsma, Natural Resources Conservation Service

Fieldwork by Robert O. Dideriksen, Joseph A. Falkenberg, and Robin J. Wisner, Natural

Resources Conservation Service

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service,

in cooperation with the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station and

Cooperative Extension Service, Iowa State University; and the Division of Soil

Conservation, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship

Figure 1.—Location of Humboldt County in Iowa.
12 Soil Survey of

the average temperature each day exceeds a base

temperature (50 degrees F). The normal monthly

accumulation is used to schedule single or successive

plantings of a crop between the last freeze in spring

and the first freeze in fall.

The total annual precipitation is about 31 inches. Of

this total, 23 inches, or 74 percent, usually falls in April

through September. The growing season for most

crops falls within this period.

The average seasonal snowfall is 28 inches. On the

average, 63 days of the year have at least 1 inch of

snow on the ground. The number of such days varies

greatly from year to year.

History and Development

The earliest European settlers arrived in the survey

area in 1852 (Historical Publishing Company, 1903).

Humboldt County was originally established by an act

of the Legislature in 1851 and named after a Germanborn writer, world traveler, and scientist, Heinrich

Alexander Baron von Humboldt. The landmass of

Humboldt County covered 16 townships. In 1854, the

first permanent homes were built in the area that is

now Dakota City. On July 1, 1855, the Iowa General

Assembly legislated Humboldt County out of existence

and apportioned its territory equally between Webster

and Kossuth Counties (Historical Publishing Company,

1903). Humboldt County was reestablished with its

original boundaries by the Iowa General Assembly on

February 26, 1857. During the recording of the

Assembly proceedings, however, Humboldt County

lost four townships in the southern tier (Historical

Publishing Company, 1903).

In 1857, Humboldt County had 156 inhabitants; by

1860, the population had increased to 332. The 1870

census counted 2,596 people living in Humboldt

County. The railroad built rail lines across Humboldt

County in the 1880s, which brought an influx of people

into the county. According to the 1980 census, the

county had 12,246 people. In 1990, the number was

10,756. Dakota City, the county seat, has a population

of 1,024, and Humboldt has a population of 4,438

(Goudy/Burk). Dakota City and Humboldt are the two

largest cities in Humboldt County.

Transportation Facilities

Two major highways divide Humboldt County. State

Highway 3 crosses the county from east to west, and

U.S. Highway 169 crosses from north to south. The

two highways intersect in Humboldt. Hard-surface

state or county roads connect these highways to all of

the other communities in the county. All farms are

along hard-surface highways and roads or gravel

roads. The major hard-surface county roads are well

distributed throughout the county.

Three rail lines provide railroad service to nearly all

of the towns in the county. The county has one

municipal airport, which is 1 mile west of the

intersection of Highways 3 and 169 in Humboldt. Motor

freight lines serve every trading center in the county.

Industry

Humboldt County is primarily rural, and agricultural

farming is the principal employer. There are, however,

a few industries in the county. Some of them, such as

a production facility for hybrid seed corn in Humboldt,

are related to agriculture. A manufacturer of

recreational vehicles in Humboldt is also a major

supplier of mobile veterinary vehicles. A few other

smaller industries in Humboldt are major contributors

to the local economy of Humboldt County.

Recreation

Many parks have been established throughout the

county. Frank Gotch State Park is located at the

junction of the east and west forks of the Des Moines

River. The rivers and creeks of Humboldt County

provide good sites for the development of recreational

activities, including hunting, fishing, canoeing, and fur

trapping.

The county has a good population of upland game

birds, such as ring-necked pheasant and Hungarian

partridge. Many areas along the rivers and creeks

provide food, shelter, and nesting for birds. A number

of small ponds are stocked with smallmouth bass and

other game fish. The county also supports many other

kinds of wildlife. White-tail deer are plentiful, and

hunting is a popular recreational activity in the

forested, steep and very steep areas along the Des

Moines River.

Farming

In 1997, Humboldt had 277,989 acres of farmland

(Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land

Stewardship and Iowa State University, 1997). Corn,

soybeans, oats, and hay accounted for 254,600 acres

of the land in agricultural production. The rest was

used as pasture or woodland or was idle land.

In recent years, the number of farms in the county

has been decreasing and the average size of farms

has been increasing. According to a report published
Humboldt County, Iowa 13

in 1997, the number of farms was 730 and the

average farm size was 366 acres (Iowa Department of

Agriculture and Land Stewardship and Iowa State

University, 1997).

Corn and soybeans are the main row crops. Some

areas of the county are used for hay, oats, or pasture.

Livestock production is becoming more specialized as

many farmers are raising only one class of livestock.

In recent years, the number of total confinement

livestock systems has been increasing. Most of the

farmers using these systems raise swine or poultry.

In the past few years, the total cash receipts for the

farms in the county have been considerably above

average for Iowa. Production has increased as the

farms have decreased in number and increased in

size. The annual expenses for crop and livestock

production may be half of the total cash receipts in the

county. These expenses can vary greatly from year to

year. They include outlays for feed, seed, fertilizer,

chemicals, fuel, oil, machinery, and other products,

most of which are purchased locally.

Physiography and Drainage

The topography in Humboldt County is geologically

immature, as is evidenced by the large number of

potholes and other depressions and by the limited

number of minor upland streams. Two types of

moraine topography are evident in the county. One is a

complex of short, uneven slopes that have many

small, indistinct drainage patterns. This kind of

topography is prevalent near Renwick and continues in

a narrow band towards Bradgate. It is called the

Renwick Moraine. Another area that is similar to the

Renwick Moraine is called the Clare Moraine. It is in

the southwestern part of the county near Clare. The

other type of moraine topography consists of broad flat

areas between these narrow recessional moraines.

These broad flat areas have many depressions that

range in size from a few acres to more than 600 acres.

Owl Lake, near Harding, is one of the larger

depressions.

The east and west forks of the Des Moines River

drain most of Humboldt County. The West Fork of the

Des Moines River flows from Bradgate southeast to

Humboldt, where it meets the East Fork. These two

rivers join to become the Des Moines River, which

flows nearly straight south to the county line. The East

Fork of the Des Moines River flows from the north

county line near St. Joseph to the City of Humboldt in

a southerly direction. Indian Creek flows into the West

Fork of the Des Moines River. Bloody Run, Lotts, and

Trulner Creeks flow into the East Fork of the Des

Moines River. Prairie Creek flows easterly in the

northeast corner of Humboldt County to the Boone

River in Hamilton County.

How This Survey Was Made

This survey was made to provide information about

the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area.

The information includes a description of the soils and

miscellaneous areas and their location and a

discussion of their suitability, limitations, and

management for specified uses. Soil scientists

observed the steepness, length, and shape of the

slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of

crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock.

They dug many holes to study the soil profile, which is

the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil.

The profile extends from the surface down into the

unconsolidated material in which the soil formed. The

unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other

living organisms and has not been changed by other

biological activity.

The soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey

area are in an orderly pattern that is related to the

geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural

vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and

miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind

of landform or with a segment of the landform. By

observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the

survey area and relating their position to specific

segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a

concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus,

during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist

to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the

kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location

on the landscape.

Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge

into one another as their characteristics gradually

change. To construct an accurate soil map, however,

soil scientists must determine the boundaries between

the soils. They can observe only a limited number of

soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations,

supplemented by an understanding of the soilvegetation-landscape relationship, are sufficient to

verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to

determine the boundaries.

Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the

soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color,

texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and

amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots,

reaction, and other features that enable them to

identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey

area and determining their properties, the soil
14

scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes

(units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each

taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with

precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a

basis for comparison to classify soils systematically.

Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification

used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind

and character of soil properties and the arrangement

of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists

classified and named the soils in the survey area, they

compared the individual soils with similar soils in the

same taxonomic class in other areas so that they

could confirm data and assemble additional data

based on experience and research.

While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some

of the soils in the area generally are collected for

laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil

scientists interpret the data from these analyses and

tests as well as the field-observed characteristics and

the soil properties to determine the expected behavior

of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all

of the soils are field tested through observation of the

soils in different uses and under different levels of

management. Some interpretations are modified to fit

local conditions, and some new interpretations are

developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled

from other sources, such as research information,

production records, and field experience of specialists.

For example, data on crop yields under defined levels

of management are assembled from farm records and

from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of

soil.

Predictions about soil behavior are based not only

on soil properties but also on such variables as

climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are

predictable over long periods of time, but they are not

predictable from year to year. For example, soil

scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of

accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table

within certain depths in most years, but they cannot

predict that a high water table will always be at a

specific level in the soil on a specific date.

After soil scientists located and identified the

significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area,

they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial

photographs and identified each as a specific map

unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields,

roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating

boundaries accurately.

The descriptions, names, and delineations of the

soils in this survey area do not fully agree with those

of the soils in adjacent survey areas. Differences are

the result of a better knowledge of soils, modifications

in series concepts, or variations in the intensity of

mapping or in the extent of the soils in the survey

areas.
15

The general soil map in this publication shows

broad areas that have a distinctive pattern of soils,

relief, and drainage. These broad areas are called

associations. Each association on the general soil

map is a unique natural landscape. Typically, it

consists of one or more major soils or miscellaneous

areas and some minor soils or miscellaneous areas. It

is named for the major soils or miscellaneous areas.

The soils or miscellaneous areas making up one

association can occur in another but in a different

pattern.

The general soil map can be used to compare the

suitability of large areas for general land uses. Areas

of suitable soils or miscellaneous areas can be

identified on the map. Likewise, areas that are not

suitable can be identified.

Because of its small scale, the map is not suitable

for planning the management of a farm or field or for

selecting a site for a road or building or other structure.

The soils in any one association differ from place to

place in slope, depth, drainage, and other

characteristics that affect management.

1. Webster-Clarion-Nicollet Association

Nearly level to moderately sloping, poorly drained,

moderately well drained, and somewhat poorly

drained, loamy soils that formed in local alluvium

overlying glacial till and in glacial till; on uplands

Setting

Landform and position on the landform: Broad, nearly

level upland flats; knolls and low rises on glacial

ground moraines (fig. 2)

Slope range: 0 to 9 percent

Composition

Extent of the association in the survey area: 15

percent

Extent of the components in the association:

Webster soils—31 percent

Clarion soils—23 percent

Nicollet soils—14 percent

Soils of minor extent—32 percent

Soil Properties and Qualities

Webster

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Till-derived sediments over glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Clarion

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Nicollet

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Soils of Minor Extent

• The poorly drained Canisteo soils, which formed in

local alluvium overlying glacial till; on broad upland

flats

• The somewhat excessively drained Dickinson soils,

which formed in sandy eolian material; on knolls

• The poorly drained Harps soils, which formed in

calcareous alluvium and glacial till; on rims and low

ridges around and between upland depressions

• The very poorly drained Okoboji soils, which formed

in silty alluvium; in depressions on upland ground

moraines

• The well drained Storden soils, which formed in

calcareous glacial till; on knolls

Use and Management

Major use: Cropland

Major management considerations: Webster—

wetness, maintaining fertility; Clarion—water

erosion, maintaining fertility; Nicollet—maintaining

fertility

General Soil Map Units
16 Soil Survey of

2. Garmore-Clarion-Webster Association

Nearly level to moderately sloping, moderately well

drained and poorly drained, loamy soils that formed in

glacial till and in alluvium overlying glacial till; on

uplands

Setting

Landform and position on the landform: Broad, nearly

level upland flats; knolls on glacial ground

moraines (fig. 3)

Slope range: 0 to 9 percent

Composition

Extent of the association in the survey area: 5.5

percent

Extent of the components in the association:

Garmore soils—41 percent

Clarion soils—34 percent

Webster soils—11 percent

Soils of minor extent—14 percent

Soil Properties and Qualities

Garmore

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Clarion

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Webster

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Local alluvium and the underlying

glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Soils of Minor Extent

• The somewhat poorly drained Kensett soils, which

formed in loamy alluvium overlying limestone bedrock;

on the lower lying crossover channels

• The very poorly drained Okoboji soils, which formed

in silty alluvium; in depressions on upland ground

moraines

• The very poorly drained Rolfe soils, which formed in

local alluvium and in the underlying glacial till; in

depressions on upland ground moraines

• The somewhat poorly drained Nicollet soils, which

Figure 2.—Typical pattern of soils and parent material in the Webster-Clarion-Nicollet association.
Humboldt County, Iowa 17

formed in loamy glacial till; on upland ground

moraines

Use and Management

Major use: Cropland

Major management considerations: Garmore—

maintaining fertility; Clarion—water erosion,

maintaining fertility; Webster—wetness,

maintaining fertility

3. Canisteo-Clarion-Nicollet Association

Nearly level to moderately sloping, poorly drained to

moderately well drained, loamy soils that formed in

local alluvium over glacial till and in glacial till; on

uplands

Setting

Landform and position on the landform: Broad, nearly

level upland flats; knolls and low rises on glacial

ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 9 percent

Composition

Extent of the association in the survey area: 69

percent

Extent of the components in the association:

Canisteo soils—41 percent

Clarion soils—19 percent

Nicollet soils—11 percent

Soils of minor extent—29 percent

Soil Properties and Qualities

Canisteo

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Local alluvium and glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Clarion

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Figure 3.—Typical pattern of soils and parent material in the Garmore-Clarion-Webster association.
18 Soil Survey of

Nicollet

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Soils of Minor Extent

• The poorly drained Harps soils, which formed in

local alluvial sediments and glacial till; on rims and low

ridges around and between depressions on broad

upland flats

• The very poorly drained Okoboji and Wacousta soils,

which formed in silty alluvial sediments; in depressions

on broad upland flats

• The poorly drained Webster soils, which formed in

local alluvium and glacial till; on broad upland flats

Use and Management

Major use: Cropland

Major management considerations: Canisteo—

wetness, calcareous surface layer (high pH),

maintaining fertility; Clarion—water erosion,

maintaining fertility; Nicollet—maintaining

fertility

4. Lester-Spillville-Coland Association

Nearly level to very steep, well drained, somewhat

poorly drained, and poorly drained, loamy soils that

formed in loamy glacial till on uplands or in loamy

alluvium on bottom land

Setting

Landform and position on the landform: Moderately

sloping to very steep upland side slopes; bottom

land on flood plains (fig. 4)

Slope range: 0 to 40 percent

Figure 4.—Typical pattern of soils and parent material in the Lester-Spillville-Coland association.
Humboldt County, Iowa 19

Composition

Extent of the association in the survey area: 4.5

percent

Extent of the components in the association:

Lester soils—29 percent

Spillville soils—13 percent

Coland soils—7 percent

Soils of minor extent—51 percent

Soil Properties and Qualities

Lester

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Spillville

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Coland

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Soils of Minor Extent

• The somewhat poorly drained Cylinder soils, which

formed in loamy alluvium overlying sand and gravel;

on stream terraces

• The moderately well drained Hanlon soils, which

formed in loamy alluvium; on bottom land

• The somewhat excessively drained Ridgeport soils,

which formed in alluvium overlying sand and gravel; on

stream terraces

• The well drained Storden soils, which formed in

glacial till; on moderately sloping to very steep upland

side slopes

• The moderately well drained Terril soils, which

formed in colluvium and alluvium; on footslopes

Use and Management

Major uses: Cropland and woodland

Major management considerations affecting cropland:

Lester—water erosion, equipment limitations,

maintaining fertility; Spillville—flooding,

maintaining fertility; Coland—flooding, wetness,

maintaining fertility

Major management considerations affecting woodland:

Seedling mortality, windthrow hazard, erosion,

plant competition, and equipment limitations

5. Spillville-Ridgeport-Coland

Association

Nearly level to moderately sloping, somewhat poorly

drained, somewhat excessively drained, and poorly

drained soils that formed in loamy alluvium on bottom

land or in loamy alluvium overlying sand and gravel on

stream terraces

Setting

Landform and position on the landform: Bottom land

and stream terraces (fig. 5)

Slope range: 0 to 9 percent

Composition

Extent of the association in the survey area: 6 percent

Extent of the components in the association:

Spillville soils—15 percent

Ridgeport soils—13 percent

Coland soils—8 percent

Soils of minor extent—64 percent

Soil Properties and Qualities

Spillville

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Ridgeport

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Alluvium overlying sand and gravel

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Coland

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Soils of Minor Extent

• The poorly drained Biscay soils, which formed in

loamy alluvium overlying sand and gravel; on stream

terraces

• The somewhat poorly drained Cylinder soils, which

formed in loamy alluvium overlying sand and gravel;

on stream terraces

• The well drained Truman soils, which formed in silty

glacial outwash sediments; on stream terraces

• The well drained Wadena soils, which formed in

loamy alluvium overlying sand and gravel; on stream

terraces
20

• The poorly drained Zook soils, which formed in silty

alluvium; on bottom land

Use and Management

Major uses: Cropland and woodland

Major management considerations affecting

cropland: Spillville—flooding, maintaining fertility;

Figure 5.—Typical pattern of soils and parent material in the Spillville-Ridgeport-Coland association.

Coland—flooding, wetness, maintaining fertility;

Ridgeport—droughtiness, maintaining

fertility

Major management considerations affecting

woodland: Seedling mortality, windthrow hazard,

and plant competition
21

The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps

in this survey represent the soils or miscellaneous

areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions in

this section, along with the maps, can be used to

determine the suitability and potential of a unit for

specific uses. They also can be used to plan the

management needed for those uses.

A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an

area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or

miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and

named according to the taxonomic classification of the

dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are

precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils.

On the landscape, however, the soils are natural

phenomena, and they have the characteristic

variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of

some observed properties may extend beyond the

limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a

single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped

without including areas of other taxonomic classes.

Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils

or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and

some minor components that belong to taxonomic

classes other than those of the major soils.

Most minor soils have properties similar to those of

the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus

they do not affect use and management. These are

called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They

may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit

description. Other minor components, however, have

properties and behavioral characteristics divergent

enough to affect use or to require different

management. These are called contrasting, or

dissimilar, components. They generally are in small

areas and could not be mapped separately because of

the scale used. Some small areas of strongly

contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified

by a special symbol on the maps. The contrasting

additional components are mentioned in the map unit

descriptions. A few areas of minor components may

not have been observed, and consequently they are

not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where

the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to

make enough observations to identify all the soils and

miscellaneous areas on the landscape.

The presence of minor components in a map unit in

no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the

data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure

taxonomic classes but rather to separate the

landscape into landforms or landform segments that

have similar use and management requirements. The

delineation of such segments on the map provides

sufficient information for the development of resource

plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned,

however, onsite investigation is needed to define and

locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name

in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes

general facts about the unit and gives the principal soil

properties and features to be considered in planning

for specific uses.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make

up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the

surface layer, all the soils of a series have major

horizons that are similar in composition, thickness,

and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the

surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of

erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use.

On the basis of such differences, a soil series is

divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on

the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The

name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature

that affects use or management. For example, Clarion

loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded, is a

phase of the Clarion series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major

soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are

called complexes. A complex consists of two or more

soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate

pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be

shown separately on the maps. The pattern and

proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are

somewhat similar in all areas. Clarion-Storden

complex, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded, is

an example.

This survey includes miscellaneous areas. Such

areas have little or no soil material and support little or

no vegetation. Pits, gravel, is an example.

Table 4 gives the acreage and proportionate extent

Detailed Soil Map Units
22 Soil Survey of

of each map unit. Other tables give properties of the

soils and the limitations, capabilities, and potentials for

many uses. The Glossary defines many of the terms

used in describing the soils or miscellaneous areas.

6—Okoboji silty clay loam, depressional,

0 to 1 percent slopes

Component Description

Okoboji and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Silty alluvium washed from glacial till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.3

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 9.9

percent

Additional Components

Knoke and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Harps and similar soils: 3 to 7 percent of the unit

Okoboji mucky silty clay loam and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

27B—Terril loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

Component Description

Terril and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Alluvial fans and drainageways

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Local loamy alluvium and/or colluvium

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.5

percent

Additional Components

Spillville and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

54—Zook silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Component Description

Zook and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Silty alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Occasional

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 9.2

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.8

percent
Humboldt County, Iowa 23

Additional Components

Coland and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Colo and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Spillville and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

55—Nicollet loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes

Component Description

Nicollet and similar soils

Extent: 60 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Rises on ground moraines

Slope range: 1 to 3 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.5

percent

Additional Components

Clarion and similar soils: 5 to 12 percent of the unit

Crippin and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Rolfe and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Webster and similar soils: 0 to 7 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

62F—Storden loam, 18 to 25 percent

slopes

Component Description

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 18 to 25 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.2

percent

Additional Components

Sunburg and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Omsrud and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Hayland and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

90—Okoboji mucky silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes

Component Description

Okoboji and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines
24 Soil Survey of

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Mucky silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Silty alluvium washed from glacial till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 13.7

percent

Additional Components

Harps and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Knoke and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Okoboji silty clay loam and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

95—Harps clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Component Description

Harps and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Rims of depressions on ground

moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till or till-derived

sediments

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.5

percent

Additional Components

Canisteo and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Crippin and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Okoboji and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

107—Webster silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Component Description

Webster and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Swales on ground moraines; flats

on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Till-derived sediments over glacial till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 6.4

percent

Additional Components

Canisteo and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Nicollet and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Okoboji and similar soils: 0 to 5 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about
Humboldt County, Iowa 25

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

135—Coland clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Component Description

Coland and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Occasional

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.8

percent

Additional Components

Spillville and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Havelock and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

138B—Clarion loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

Component Description

Clarion and similar soils

Extent: 60 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.3

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.2

percent

Additional Components

Nicollet and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Clarion, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Storden, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

138C2—Clarion loam, 5 to 9 percent

slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Clarion and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.8

inches
26 Soil Survey of

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.4

percent

Additional Components

Clarion soils that are only slightly eroded: 5 to 15

percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Storden, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

175—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Component Description

Dickinson and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Eolian sediments

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 5.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.5

percent

Additional Components

Soils that have sand at a depth of 12 to 20 inches: 5 to

10 percent of the unit

Ridgeport and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Wadena and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

175B—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 2 to 5

percent slopes

Component Description

Dickinson and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces on uplands

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Eolian sediments

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 5.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Additional Components

Soils that have sand at a depth of 12 to 20 inches: 5 to

20 percent of the unit

Soils that have sand to the surface: 5 to 15 percent of

the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Farrar and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”
Humboldt County, Iowa 27

175C—Dickinson fine sandy loam, 5 to 9

percent slopes

Component Description

Dickinson and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Dunes on ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Eolian deposits

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 6.5

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.8

percent

Additional Components

Farrar and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

188—Kensett silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Component Description

Kensett and similar soils

Extent: 85 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: 24 to 40 inches to bedrock

(lithic)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Glacial till overlying limestone bedrock

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 5.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.4

percent

Additional Components

Garmore and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Copaston and similar soils: 0 to 5 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

201B—Coland-Terril complex, 2 to 5

percent slopes

Component Description

Coland and similar soils

Extent: 50 to 57 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Drainageways

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Occasional

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.8

percent

Terril and similar soils

Extent: 30 to 38 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Drainageways; alluvial fans

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained
28 Soil Survey of

Parent material: Local loamy alluvium and/or colluvium

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.5

percent

Additional Components

Spillville and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

203—Cylinder loam, 32 to 40 inches to

sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Cylinder and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces; outwash plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy sediments over sand and

gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 7.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.4

percent

Additional Components

Biscay soils that are 32 to 40 inches to sand and

gravel: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Cylinder soils that are only 24 to 32 inches to sand

and gravel: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Wadena soils that are 24 to 32 inches to sand and

gravel: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

221—Klossner muck, depressional, 0 to 1

percent slopes

Component Description

Klossner and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Muck

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Well decomposed organic material

and the underlying loamy material

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 16.5

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 35

percent

Additional Components

Harps and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

The mucky, depressional Okoboji soil: 0 to 10 percent

of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major use: Wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”
Humboldt County, Iowa 29

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236B—Lester loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.8

percent

Additional Components

Lester, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 5 to 15

percent of the unit

Le Sueur and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236C—Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.8

percent

Additional Components

Le Sueur and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Lester, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 5 to 10

percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236C2—Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent

slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.1

percent
30 Soil Survey of

Additional Components

Terril and similar soils: 0 to 15 percent of the unit

Le Sueur and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Storden, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 5 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236D2—Lester loam, 9 to 14 percent

slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 60 to 85 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 9 to 14 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.1

percent

Additional Components

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Storden, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 5 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236E—Lester loam, 14 to 18 percent

slopes

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 14 to 18 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.4

percent

Additional Components

Storden and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

236F—Lester loam, 18 to 25 percent

slopes

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines
Humboldt County, Iowa 31

Slope range: 18 to 25 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Alluvium and colluvium

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Additional Components

Storden and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Hayland and pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

253B—Farrar fine sandy loam, 2 to 5

percent slopes

Component Description

Farrar and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Dunes on ground moraines

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Eolian sands and the underlying

glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.6

percent

Additional Components

Dickinson and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

253C—Farrar fine sandy loam, 5 to 9

percent slopes

Component Description

Farrar and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Dunes on ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Eolian sand overlying loamy glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Additional Components

Dickinson and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”
32 Soil Survey of

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

256G—Lester-Storden complex, 25 to 40

percent slopes

Component Description

Lester and similar soils

Extent: 40 to 55 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 25 to 40 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.8

percent

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 30 to 47 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 25 to 40 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Additional Components

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Zenor and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Mixed prairie and forest

Major uses: Pasture; forestland

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

259—Biscay clay loam, 32 to 40 inches to

sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Biscay and similar soils

Extent: 55 to 85 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy sediments over sand and

gravel

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 7.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.9

percent

Additional Components

Biscay soils that are only 24 to 32 inches to sand and

gravel: 10 to 20 percent of the unit

Cylinder and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Biscay, depressional, and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent

of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”
Humboldt County, Iowa 33

274—Rolfe silt loam, depressional, 0 to 1

percent slopes

Component Description

Rolfe and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silt loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Till-derived sediments and glacial till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface (fig. 6)

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 9.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5

percent

Additional Components

Webster and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Okoboji silty clay loam and similar soils: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

308—Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to

sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Wadena and similar soils

Extent: 60 to 85 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Loamy sediments over sand or gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 7.1

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.9

percent

Additional Components

Wadena soils that are only 24 to 32 inches to sand

and gravel: 10 to 20 percent of the unit

Cylinder and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Ridgeport and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

308B—Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to

sand and gravel, 2 to 5 percent slopes

Component Description

Wadena and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Figure 6.—Ponding in an area of Rolfe silt loam, depressional,

0 to 1 percent slopes. Areas of this soil provide good

habitat for waterfowl.
34 Soil Survey of

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Loamy sediments over sand or gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 6.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.9

percent

Additional Components

Wadena soils that are only 24 to 32 inches to sand

and gravel: 10 to 12 percent of the unit

Cylinder and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

330—Kingston silty clay loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Component Description

Kingston and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Silty glacial outwash sediments

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 5.5

percent

Additional Components

Biscay and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Cylinder and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Truman and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

338—Garmore loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Garmore and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flats on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.8

percent

Additional Components

Nicollet and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Rolfe and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Webster and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”
Humboldt County, Iowa 35

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

339—Truman silt loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Component Description

Truman and similar soils

Extent: 85 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silt loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Silty glacial outwash sediments

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.3

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4

percent

Additional Components

Kingston and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

339B—Truman silt loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Component Description

Truman and similar soils

Extent: 85 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silt loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Silty glacial outwash sediments

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.2

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 3.5

percent

Additional Components

Kingston and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

344B—Copaston fine sandy loam, 1 to 5

percent slopes

Component Description

Copaston and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Structural benches

Slope range: 1 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: 4 to 20 inches to bedrock

(lithic)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Glacial till or alluvial sediments over

limestone bedrock

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.9

percent
36 Soil Survey of

Additional Components

Soils that have bedrock at a depth of 20 to 40 inches:

5 to 15 percent of the unit

Limestone bedrock outcrops: 5 to 15 percent of the

unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

354—Aquolls (marsh), ponded, 0 to 1

percent slopes

Component Description

Aquolls and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Variable

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Additional Components

Harps and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Klossner and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Okoboji and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major use: Wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

485—Spillville loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, occasionally flooded

Component Description

Spillville and similar soils

Extent: 60 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Occasional

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.5

percent

Additional Components

Coland and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Hanlon and similar soils: 0 to 15 percent of the unit

Havelock and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

506—Wacousta silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes

Component Description

Wacousta and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent
Humboldt County, Iowa 37

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Silty lacustrine sediments

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 8.9

percent

Additional Components

Calcousta and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Harps and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Klossner and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

507—Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent

slopes

Component Description

Canisteo and similar soils

Extent: 55 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flats on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Till-derived sediments over glacial

till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 6.5

percent

Additional Components

Webster and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Crippin and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Harps and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Okoboji and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

508—Calcousta silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes

Component Description

Calcousta and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Silty lacustrine sediments

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.5

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 8.6

percent

Additional Components

Wacousta and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Harps and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Klossner and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:
38 Soil Survey of

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

526—Wacousta mucky silty clay loam,

depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes

Component Description

Wacousta and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Mucky silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Silty lacustrine sediments

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.4

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 8.7

percent

Additional Components

Klossner and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Harps and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

536—Hanlon fine sandy loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes, occasionally flooded

Component Description

Hanlon and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Fine sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Occasional

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.1

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.4

percent

Additional Components

Havelock and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Ridgeport and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the

unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

638C2—Clarion-Storden complex, 5 to 9

percent slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Clarion and similar soils

Extent: 48 to 58 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Moderately well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 4 to 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.8

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.4

percent
Humboldt County, Iowa 39

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 30 to 39 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.2

percent

Additional Components

Clarion soils that are only slightly eroded: 0 to 10

percent of the unit

Sunburg and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 3 to 7 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

659—Mayer loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand

and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Mayer and similar soils

Extent: 65 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy glacial outwash sediments

overlying calcareous sandy and gravelly

sediments

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 7.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.9

percent

Additional Components

Biscay and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Biscay, depressional, and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent

of the unit

Cylinder and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

823—Ridgeport sandy loam, 0 to 2

percent slopes

Component Description

Ridgeport and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Moderately coarse textured alluvium

overlying calcareous sand and gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.4

percent

Additional Components

Wadena and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Hawick and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit
40 Soil Survey of

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

823B—Ridgeport sandy loam, 2 to 5

percent slopes

Component Description

Ridgeport and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Moderately coarse textured alluvium

over calcareous sand and gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2

percent

Additional Components

Hawick and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Wadena and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

823C2—Ridgeport sandy loam, 5 to 9

percent slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Ridgeport and similar soils

Extent: 75 to 90 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Stream terraces

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Moderately coarse textured alluvium

over calcareous sand and gravel

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.4

percent

Additional Components

Hawick and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

828B—Zenor sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent

slopes

Component Description

Zenor and similar soils

Extent: 80 to 95 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 2 to 5 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)
Humboldt County, Iowa 41

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Glacial outwash

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.7

percent

Additional Components

Sunburg and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Clarion and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

828C2—Zenor sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent

slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Zenor and similar soils

Extent: 70 to 85 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 5 to 9 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Glacial outwash

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.3

percent

Additional Components

Clarion and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Sunburg and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

829D2—Zenor-Storden complex, 9 to 14

percent slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Zenor and similar soils

Extent: 40 to 50 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 9 to 14 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Sandy loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained

Parent material: Glacial outwash

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 3.7

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.5

percent

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 23 to 35 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 9 to 14 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent
42 Soil Survey of

Additional Components

Sunburg and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Hawick and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 5 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

835D2—Storden-Omsrud complex, 9 to 14

percent slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 44 to 52 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 9 to 14 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Omsrud and similar soils

Extent: 29 to 40 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 9 to 14 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Calcareous glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.5

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 2.2

percent

Additional Components

Sunburg and similar soils: 0 to 15 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 3 to 7 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

835E2—Storden-Omsrud complex, 14 to

18 percent slopes, moderately eroded

Component Description

Storden and similar soils

Extent: 42 to 54 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 14 to 18 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.5

percent

Omsrud and similar soils

Extent: 23 to 40 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Ground moraines

Slope range: 14 to 18 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Well drained
Humboldt County, Iowa 43

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 1.9

percent

Additional Components

Sunburg and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Terril and similar soils: 3 to 7 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

956—Harps-Okoboji, depressional,

complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Component Description

Harps and similar soils

Extent: 40 to 50 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Rims of depressions on ground

moraines

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Glacial till

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): At the

surface to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 10.9

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.5

percent

Okoboji and similar soils

Extent: 30 to 40 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Depressions on ground moraines

Slope range: 0 to 1 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Silty clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Very poorly drained

Parent material: Alluvium

Flooding: None

Seasonal high water table (in undrained areas): 1 foot

above to 1 foot below the surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 12.2

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 10.2

percent

Additional Components

Crippin and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Knoke and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Cropland, hayland, and pasture

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

1585—Spillville-Coland complex,

channeled, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

frequently flooded

Component Description

Spillville and similar soils

Extent: 35 to 50 percent of the unit

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Frequent (fig. 7)

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): 1.0 to 3.5 feet

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.6

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 4.5

percent

Coland and similar soils

Extent: 30 to 40 percent of the unit
44 Soil Survey of

Geomorphic setting: Flood plains

Slope range: 0 to 2 percent

Texture of the surface layer: Clay loam

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Drainage class: Poorly drained

Parent material: Loamy alluvium

Frequency of flooding: Frequent (fig. 7)

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): At the surface to 1 foot below the

surface

Available water capacity to a depth of 60 inches: 11.3

inches

Content of organic matter in the upper 10 inches: 6

percent

Additional Components

Hanlon and similar soils: 5 to 15 percent of the unit

Havelock and similar soils: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Water: 0 to 10 percent of the unit

Management Considerations

Native plant cover: Prairie

Major uses: Pasture; wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Crops and Pasture”

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

4000—Urban land

• This map unit consists of areas that are covered by

buildings, roads, streets, parking lots, mobile home

parks, and other structures. The original soils can no

longer be identified.

Figure 7.—Flooding along the West Fork of the Des Moines River in an area of Spillville-Coland complex, channeled, 0 to 2 percent

slopes, frequently flooded.
Humboldt County, Iowa 45

5010—Pits, gravel

Component Description

Definition: This map unit consists of areas from which

gravel has been removed.

Extent: 100 percent of the unit

Slope range: 0 to 4 percent

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Management Considerations

Major uses: Source of gravel; wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

5030—Pits, limestone quarries

Component Description

Definition: This map unit consists of areas from which

limestone has been removed (fig. 8).

Extent: 100 percent of the unit

Slope range: 2 to 70 percent

Depth to restrictive feature: 0 to 4 inches to bedrock

(lithic)

Flooding: None

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Management Considerations

Major uses: Source of limestone; wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

5040—Udorthents, loamy (cut and fill

land)

Component Description

Udorthents

Extent: 100 percent of the unit

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Management Considerations

Major uses: Fill material; wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

5080—Udorthents, sanitary landfill

Component Description

Udorthents

Extent: 100 percent of the unit

Figure 8.—Mining in an area of Pits, limestone quarries.

Limestone is used as an aggregate for cement. Also,

applications of limestone in cropped areas can raise the

pH of the soils and improve crop growth.
46

Depth to restrictive feature: Very deep (more than 60

inches)

Depth to seasonal high water table (in undrained

areas): More than 6 feet

Management Considerations

Major uses: Landfill; wildlife habitat

For general and detailed information about

managing this map unit, see the following sections of

this publication:

• “Recreation”

• “Wildlife Habitat”

• “Engineering”

• “Soil Properties”

AW—Animal waste

• This map unit consists of shallow ponds constructed

to hold animal waste from farm feedlots.

SL—Sewage lagoon

• This map unit consists of shallow ponds constructed

to hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the

solid and liquid waste.

W—Water

• This map unit consists of natural bodies of water.
47

This soil survey is an inventory and evaluation of

the soils in the survey area. It can be used to adjust

land uses to the limitations and potentials of natural

resources and the environment. Also, it can help to

prevent soil-related failures in land uses.

In preparing a soil survey, soil scientists,

conservationists, engineers, and others collect

extensive field data about the nature and behavioral

characteristics of the soils. They collect data on

erosion, droughtiness, flooding, and other factors that

affect various soil uses and management. Field

experience and collected data on soil properties and

performance are used as a basis in predicting soil

behavior.

Information in this section can be used to plan the

use and management of soils for crops and pasture;

as sites for buildings, sanitary facilities, highways and

other transportation systems, and parks and other

recreational facilities; for agricultural waste

management; and as wildlife habitat. It can be used to

identify the potentials and limitations of each soil for

specific land uses and to help prevent construction

failures caused by unfavorable soil properties.

Planners and others using soil survey information

can evaluate the effect of specific land uses on

productivity and on the environment. The survey can

help planners to maintain or create a land use pattern

in harmony with the natural soil.

Contractors can use this survey to locate sources

of sand and gravel, roadfill, and topsoil. They can use

it to identify areas where bedrock, wetness, or very

firm soil layers can cause difficulty in excavation.

Health officials, highway officials, engineers, and

others may also find this survey useful. The survey

can help them plan the safe disposal of wastes and

locate sites for pavements, sidewalks, campgrounds,

playgrounds, lawns, and trees and shrubs.

Interpretive Ratings

The interpretive tables in this survey rate the soils in

the survey area for various uses. Many of the tables

identify the limitations that affect specified uses and

indicate the severity of those limitations. The ratings in

these tables are both verbal and numerical.

Rating Class Terms

Rating classes are expressed in the tables in terms

that indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by

all of the soil features that affect a specified use or in

terms that indicate the suitability of the soils for the

use. Thus, the tables may show limitation classes or

suitability classes. Terms for the limitation classes are

not limited, somewhat limited, and very limited. The

suitability ratings are expressed as well suited,

moderately suited, poorly suited, and unsuited or as

good, fair, and poor.

Numerical Ratings

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the relative

severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown

as decimal fractions ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation. The limitations appear in order from the

most limiting to the least limiting. Thus, if more than

one limitation is identified, the most severe limitation is

listed first and the least severe one is listed last.

Crops and Pasture

General management needed for crops and pasture

is suggested in this section. The estimated yields of

the main crops and pasture plants are listed, the

system of land capability classification used by the

Natural Resources Conservation Service is explained,

and prime farmland is described.

Planners of management systems for individual

fields or farms should consider the detailed

information given in the description of each soil under

the heading “Detailed Soil Map Units.” Specific

information can be obtained from the local office of the

Natural Resources Conservation Service or the

Cooperative Extension Service.

Cropland Management Considerations

The management concerns affecting the use of the

detailed soil map units for crops are shown in table 5.

Use and Management of the Soils
48 Soil Survey of

The main concerns in managing nonirrigated cropland

are conserving moisture, controlling wind erosion and

water erosion, and maintaining soil fertility.

Conserving moisture consists primarily of reducing

the evaporation and runoff rates and increasing the

water infiltration rate. Applying conservation tillage and

conservation cropping systems, farming on the

contour, stripcropping, establishing field windbreaks,

and leaving crop residue on the surface conserve

moisture.

Generally, a combination of several practices is

needed to control wind erosion and water erosion.

Conservation tillage (fig. 9), stripcropping, field

windbreaks, contour farming, conservation cropping

systems, crop residue management, terraces (fig. 10),

diversions, and grassed waterways help to prevent

excessive soil loss.

Measures that are effective in maintaining soil

fertility include applying fertilizer, both organic and

inorganic, including manure; incorporating crop

residue or green manure crops into the soil; and using

proper crop rotations. Controlling erosion helps to

prevent the loss of organic matter and plant nutrients

and thus helps to maintain productivity, although the

level of fertility can be reduced even in areas where

erosion is controlled. All soils used for nonirrigated

crops respond well to applications of fertilizer.

Some of the considerations shown in the table

cannot be easily overcome. These are channels,

flooding, gullies, and ponding.

Additional considerations include the following:

Lime content, limited available water capacity,

potential poor tilth and compaction, and restricted

permeability.—These limitations can be minimized by

incorporating green manure crops, manure, or crop

residue into the soil; applying a system of

conservation tillage; and using conservation cropping

systems. Also, crops may respond well to additions of

phosphate fertilizer in areas of soils that have a high

content of lime.

Potential for ground-water contamination.—The

proper use of nutrients and pesticides can reduce the

risk of ground-water contamination.

Potential for surface-water contamination.—The risk

of surface-water contamination can be reduced by the

proper use of nutrients and pesticides and by

conservation farming practices that reduce the runoff

rate.

Surface crusting.—This limitation retards seedling

development after periods of heavy rainfall.

Surface rock fragments.—This limitation causes

rapid wear of tillage equipment. It cannot be easily

overcome.

Surface stones.—Stones or boulders on or near the

surface can hinder normal tillage unless they are

removed.

Salt content.—In areas where this is a limitation,

only salt-tolerant crops should be grown.

On irrigated soils the main management concerns

are efficient water use, nutrient management, control

of erosion, pest and weed control, and timely planting

and harvesting for a successful crop. An irrigation

system that provides optimum control and distribution

of water at minimum cost is needed. Overirrigation

wastes water, leaches plant nutrients, and causes

erosion. Also, it can increase wetness and soil salinity.

Explanation of Criteria

Acid soil.—The pH is less than 6.1.

Channeled.—The word “channeled” is included in

the map unit name.

Dense layer.—The bulk density is 1.80 g/cc or

greater within the soil profile.

Depth to rock.—The depth to bedrock is less than

40 inches.

Eroded.—The word “eroded” is included in the map

unit name.

Excessive permeability.—Saturated hydraulic

conductivity is 42 micrometers per second or more

within the soil profile.

Flooding.—Flooding is occasional, frequent, or very

frequent.

Gullied.—The word “gullied” is included in the map

unit name.

High content of organic matter.—The surface layer

has more than 20 percent organic matter.

Lime content.—The pH is 7.4 or more in the surface

layer, or the wind erodibility group is 4L.

Figure 9.—Conservation tillage practices, such as ridge till,

help to control erosion in this area of Clarion soils.
Humboldt County, Iowa 49

Limited available water capacity.—The available

water capacity calculated to a depth of 60 inches or to

a root-limiting layer is 6 inches or less.

Limited content of organic matter.—The content of

organic matter is 2 percent or less in the surface

layer.

Ponding.—Ponding duration is assigned to the map

unit component. Water is above the surface.

Potential poor tilth and compaction.—The content of

clay is 27 percent or more in the surface layer.

Potential for ground-water contamination (by

nutrients or pesticides).—The depth to a seasonal

high water table is 4 feet or less, the saturated

hydraulic conductivity of any layer is more than 42

micrometers per second, or the depth to bedrock is

less than 60 inches.

Potential for surface-water contamination (by

nutrients or pesticides).—The map unit component is

occasionally, frequently, or very frequently flooded, is

subject to ponding, is assigned to hydrologic group C

or D and has a slope of more than 2 percent, is

assigned to hydrologic group A and has a slope of

more than 6 percent, or is assigned to hydrologic

group B, has a slope of 3 percent or more, and has a

K factor of more than 0.17.

Restricted permeability.—Saturated hydraulic

conductivity is less than 0.42 micrometer per second

within the soil profile.

Salt content.—The electrical conductivity is 4 or

more in the surface layer or 8 or more within a depth

of 30 inches.

Seasonal high water table.—The water table is

within 2.5 feet of the surface.

Slope (equipment limitation).—The slope is more

than 15 percent.

Surface crusting.—The content of clay in the

surface layer is 27 percent or more, and the content of

organic matter is 2 percent or less.

Surface rock fragments (equipment limitation).—

The terms describing the texture of the surface layer

include any rock fragment modifier, except for gravelly,

channery, stony, very stony, extremely stony, bouldery,

very bouldery, and extremely bouldery.

Surface stones (equipment limitation).—The word

“stony” or “bouldery” is included in the description of

the surface layer, or at least 0.01 percent of the

surface is covered with boulders.

Water erosion.—Either the slope is 6 percent or

more, or the slope is more than 3 percent and less

than 6 percent and the surface layer is not sandy.

Wind erosion.—The wind erodibility group is 1, 2, 3,

or 4L.

Crop Yield Estimates

The average yields per acre that can be expected

of the principal crops under a high level of

management are shown in table 6. In any given year,

yields may be higher or lower than those indicated in

the table because of variations in rainfall and other

climatic factors. The land capability classification of

each map unit also is shown in the table.

The yields are based mainly on the experience and

records of farmers, conservationists, and extension

agents. Available yield data from nearby counties and

results of field trials and demonstrations also are

considered.

The management needed to obtain the indicated

yields of the various crops depends on the kind of soil

and the crop. Management can include drainage,

erosion control, and protection from flooding; the

proper planting and seeding rates; suitable highyielding crop varieties; appropriate and timely tillage;

control of weeds, plant diseases, and harmful insects;

favorable soil reaction and optimum levels of nitrogen,

phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements for each

crop; effective use of crop residue, barnyard manure,

and green manure crops; and harvesting that ensures

the smallest possible loss.

The estimated yields reflect the productive capacity

of each soil for each of the principal crops. Yields are

likely to increase as new production technology is

developed. The productivity of a given soil compared

with that of other soils, however, is not likely to

change.

Crops other than those shown in table 6 are grown

in the survey area, but estimated yields are not listed

because the acreage of such crops is small. The local

office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

Figure 10.—Grassed backslope terraces constructed across

the slope help to control water erosion in an area of

Clarion loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded.
50 Soil Survey of

or of the Cooperative Extension Service can provide

information about the management and productivity of

the soils for those crops.

Table 6 also shows the corn suitability rating (CSR)

for the soils in the survey area. Corn suitability ratings

provide a relative ranking of all soils mapped in the

State of Iowa based on their potential to be utilized for

the intensive production of row crops. The CSR is an

index that can be used to rate the potential production

of one soil compared with another over a period of

time. The CSR considers average weather conditions

and frequency of use of the soil for row crops. Ratings

range from 100 for soils that have no physical

limitations, are on minimal slopes, and can be

continuously row cropped to as low as 5 for soils that

have severe limitations affecting the production of row

crops. The ratings listed in this table assume adequate

management, natural weather conditions (no

irrigation), artificial drainage where required, and no

land leveling or terracing. They also assume that soils

in the lower positions on the landscape are not

affected by frequent damaging floods. The weighted

CSR for a given field can be modified by the

occurrence of sandy spots, local deposits, rock and

gravel outcrops, field boundaries, and noncrossable

drainageways. Even though predicted average yields

will change with time, the CSRs are expected to

remain relatively constant in relation to one

another.

The CSRs in Humboldt County range from 88

(for map unit 55) to 5 (for map unit 354). No ratings

are provided for miscellaneous areas because of

the variability of properties and use of these areas.

Inherent subsoil fertility levels, in terms of potential

plant-available phosphorus and potassium, also are

given in table 6. Soil tests of the tilled layer are used to

determine the most profitable rates of fertilizers for

various crops. Nutrient levels in the subsurface layers

influence crop yields, particularly in the drier seasons

when the nutrients in the dry tilled layer become

temporarily unavailable to plants. The availability of

nutrients in the tilled layer and the subsoil influences

the relative uptake from the two zones in the soil

profile. Fertilizer recommendations based on soil tests

of the tilled layer may be adjusted by the average

nutrient levels in the subsoil of each soil series.

Fertilizer recommendations are adjusted for subsoil

nutrient levels. The ratings given in the table are

described as follows:

Subsoil phosphorus.—The amount of plantavailable phosphorus in the subsoil expressed in parts

per million and based on the weighted average of airdried soil samples from the subsoil (at a depth of 30 to

42 inches). (The value listed for complexes is the most

limiting value of the soils identified in the map unit

name.) A rating of very low indicates less than 7.5

ppm; low, 7.5 to 13.0 ppm; medium, 13.0 to 22.5 ppm;

and high, more than 22.5 ppm.

Subsoil potassium.—The amount of plant-available

potassium in the subsoil expressed in parts per million

and based on the weighted average of air-dried soil

samples from the subsoil (at a depth of 12 to 24

inches). (The value listed for complexes is the most

limiting value of the soils identified in the map unit

name.) A rating of very low minus indicates less than

25 ppm; very low plus, 25 to 50 ppm; low, 50 to 79

ppm; medium, 79 to 125 ppm; and high, more than

125 ppm.

Pasture and Hayland Interpretations

Under good management, proper grazing is

essential for the production of high-quality forage,

stand survival, and erosion control. Proper grazing

helps plants to maintain sufficient and generally

vigorous top growth during the growing season. Brush

control is essential in many areas, and weed control

generally is needed. Rotation grazing and renovation

also are important management practices.

The average yields per acre that can be expected

of the principal pasture and hay crops under a high

level of management are shown in table 7. Yield

estimates are often provided in animal unit months

(AUM), or the amount of forage or feed required to

feed one animal unit (one cow, one horse, one mule,

five sheep, or five goats) for 30 days.

The local office of the Natural Resources

Conservation Service or of the Cooperative Extension

Service can provide information about forage yields

other than those shown in the table.

Land Capability Classification

Land capability classification shows, in a general

way, the suitability of soils for most kinds of field crops.

Crops that require special management are excluded.

The soils are grouped according to their limitations for

field crops, the risk of damage if they are used for

crops, and the way they respond to management. The

criteria used in grouping the soils do not take into

account major and generally expensive landforming

that would change slope, depth, or other

characteristics of the soils, nor do they include

possible but unlikely major reclamation projects.

Capability classification is not a substitute for

interpretations designed to show suitability and

limitations of groups of soils for woodland or for

engineering purposes.
Humboldt County, Iowa 51

In the capability system, soils generally are grouped

at three levels—capability class, subclass, and unit

(USDA, 1961). These categories indicate the degree

and kinds of limitations affecting mechanized farming

systems that produce the more commonly grown field

crops, such as corn, small grain, cotton, hay, and fieldgrown vegetables. Only class and subclass are used

in this survey.

Capability classes, the broadest groups, are

designated by the numbers 1 through 8. The numbers

indicate progressively greater limitations and narrower

choices for practical use.

If properly managed, soils in classes 1, 2, 3, and 4

are suitable for the mechanized production of

commonly grown field crops and for pasture and

woodland. The degree of the soil limitations affecting

the production of cultivated crops increases

progressively from class 1 to class 4. The limitations

can affect levels of production and the risk of

permanent soil deterioration caused by erosion and

other factors.

Soils in classes 5, 6, and 7 are generally not suited

to the mechanized production of commonly grown field

crops without special management, but they are

suitable for plants that provide a permanent cover,

such as grasses and trees. The severity of the soil

limitations affecting crops increases progressively

from class 5 to class 7.

Areas in class 8 are generally not suitable for crops,

pasture, or woodland without a level of management

that is impractical. These areas may have potential for

other uses, such as recreational facilities and wildlife

habitat.

Capability subclasses identify the dominant kind of

limitation in the class. They are designated by adding a

small letter, e, w, s, or c, to the class numeral, for

example, 2e. The letter e shows that the main hazard

is the risk of erosion unless a close-growing plant

cover is maintained; w shows that water in or on the

soil interferes with plant growth or cultivation (in some

soils the wetness has been partly corrected by

artificial drainage); s shows that the soil is limited

mainly because it is shallow, droughty, or stony; and c,

used in only some parts of the United States, shows

that the chief limitation is climate that is very cold or

very dry.

There are no subclasses in class 1 because the

soils of this class have few limitations. Class 5

contains only the subclasses indicated by w, s, or c

because the soils in class 5 are subject to little or no

erosion. They have other limitations that restrict their

use mainly to pasture, woodland, wildlife habitat, or

recreation.

The capability classification of the detailed soil map

units is given in tables 6 and 7.

Prime Farmland

Prime farmland is of major importance in meeting

the Nation’s short- and long-range needs for food and

fiber. The acreage of high-quality farmland is limited,

and the U.S. Department of Agriculture recognizes

that government at local, State, and Federal levels, as

well as individuals, must encourage and facilitate the

wise use of our Nation’s prime farmland.

Prime farmland soils, as defined by the U.S.

Department of Agriculture, are soils that are best

suited to food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops.

Such soils have properties that favor the economic

production of sustained high yields of crops. The soils

need only to be treated and managed by acceptable

farming methods. An adequate moisture supply and a

sufficiently long growing season are required. Prime

farmland soils produce the highest yields with minimal

expenditure of energy and economic resources, and

farming these soils results in the least damage to the

environment.

Prime farmland soils may presently be used as

cropland, pasture, or woodland or for other purposes.

They either are used for food and fiber or are available

for these uses. Urban or built-up land, public land, and

water areas cannot be considered prime farmland.

Urban or built-up land is any contiguous unit of land 10

acres or more in size that is used for such purposes

as housing, industrial, and commercial sites, sites for

institutions or public buildings, small parks, golf

courses, cemeteries, railroad yards, airports, sanitary

landfills, sewage treatment plants, and water-control

structures. Public land is land not available for farming

in National forests, National parks, military

reservations, and State parks.

Prime farmland soils commonly receive an

adequate and dependable supply of moisture from

precipitation or irrigation. The temperature and growing

season are favorable, and the level of acidity or

alkalinity and the content of salts and sodium are

acceptable. The soils have few, if any, rocks and are

permeable to water and air. They are not excessively

erodible or saturated with water for long periods, and

they are not frequently flooded during the growing

season or are protected from flooding. Slopes range

mainly from 0 to 6 percent.

Soils that have a high water table or are subject to

flooding may qualify as prime farmland where these

limitations are overcome by drainage measures or

flood control. Onsite evaluation is necessary to
52 Soil Survey of

determine the effectiveness of corrective measures.

More information about the criteria for prime farmland

can be obtained at the local office of the Natural

Resources Conservation Service.

A recent trend in land use has been the conversion

of prime farmland to urban and industrial uses. The

loss of prime farmland to other uses puts pressure on

lands that are less productive than prime farmland.

About 243,000 acres, or nearly 87 percent of the

survey area, meets the requirements for prime

farmland.

The map units in the survey area that meet the

requirements for prime farmland are listed in table 8.

This list does not constitute a recommendation for a

particular land use. On some soils included in the

table, measures that overcome limitations are needed.

The need for these measures is indicated in

parentheses after the map unit name. The location of

each map unit is shown on the detailed soil maps. The

soil qualities that affect use and management are

described in the section “Detailed Soil Map Units.”

Erosion Factors

Soil erodibility (K) and soil-loss tolerance (T) factors

are used in an equation that predicts the amount of

soil lost through water erosion in areas of cropland.

The procedure for predicting soil loss is useful in

guiding the selection of soil and water conservation

practices. The erosion factors for the soils in the

survey area are listed in table 19.

Soil Erodibility (Kw) Factor

The soil erodibility (Kw) factor indicates the

susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by

water. The soil properties that influence erodibility are

those that affect the infiltration rate, the movement of

water through the soil, and the water storage capacity

of the soil and those that allow the soil to resist

dispersion, splashing, abrasion, and the transporting

forces of rainfall and runoff. The most important soil

properties are the content of silt plus very fine sand,

the content of sand coarser than very fine sand, the

content of organic matter, soil structure, and

permeability.

Fragment-Free Soil Erodibility (Kf) Factor

This is one of the factors used in the Revised

Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). It shows the

erodibility of the fine-earth fraction, or the material less

than 2 millimeters in size.

Soil-Loss Tolerance (T) Factor

The soil-loss tolerance (T) factor is an estimate of

the maximum annual rate of soil erosion that can

occur over a sustained period without affecting crop

productivity. The rate is expressed in tons of soil loss

per acre per year. Ratings of 1 to 5 are used,

depending on soil properties and prior erosion. The

criteria used in assigning a T factor to a soil include

maintenance of an adequate rooting depth for crop

production, potential reduction of crop yields,

maintenance of water-control structures affected by

sedimentation, prevention of gullying, and the value of

nutrients lost through erosion.

Wind Erodibility Groups

Wind erodibility is directly related to the percentage

of dry, nonerodible surface soil aggregates larger than

0.84 millimeter in diameter. From this percentage, the

wind erodibility index (I) factor is determined. This

factor is an expression of the stability of the soil

aggregates, or the extent to which they are broken

down by tillage and the abrasion caused by windblown

soil particles. Soils are assigned to wind erodibility

groups (WEG) having similar percentages of dry soil

aggregates larger than 0.84 millimeter.

The wind erodibility groups and wind erodibility

index numbers are listed in table 19.

Additional information about wind erodibility groups

and Kw, Kf, T, and I factors can be obtained from local

offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service

or the Cooperative Extension Service.

Windbreaks and Environmental

Plantings

Windbreaks protect livestock, buildings, yards, fruit

trees, gardens, and cropland from wind and snow;

help to keep snow on fields; and provide food and

cover for wildlife (fig. 11). Field windbreaks are narrow

plantings made at right angles to the prevailing wind

and at specific intervals across the field. The interval

depends on the erodibility of the soil.

Environmental plantings help to beautify and screen

houses and other buildings and to abate noise. The

plants, mostly evergreen shrubs and trees, are closely

spaced. To ensure plant survival, a healthy planting

stock of suitable species should be planted properly

on a well prepared site and maintained in good

condition.

Table 9 shows the height that locally grown trees
Humboldt County, Iowa 53

and shrubs are expected to reach in 20 years on

various soils. The estimates in table 9 are based on

measurements and observation of established

plantings that have been given adequate care. They

can be used as a guide in planning windbreaks and

screens. Additional information on planning

windbreaks and screens and planting and caring for

trees and shrubs can be obtained from the local office

of the Natural Resources Conservation Service or of

the Cooperative Extension Service or from a

commercial nursery.

Windbreak Suitability Groups

Windbreak suitability groups consist of soils in

which the kinds and degrees of the hazards and

limitations that affect the survival and growth of

trees and shrubs in windbreaks are about the same.

Table 10 lists the windbreak suitability groups of the

soils in the survey area.

Group 1 consists of soils that are somewhat poorly

drained or moderately well drained, are rapidly

permeable to moderately slowly permeable, and do

not have free carbonates in the upper 20 inches.

Group 1K consists of soils that are somewhat

poorly drained or moderately well drained, are rapidly

permeable to moderately slowly permeable, and have

free carbonates within 20 inches of the surface. These

soils may be very slightly saline or slightly saline (the

electrical conductivity is 2 to 8).

Group 2 consists of poorly drained soils that have

been artificially drained and do not have free

carbonates in the upper 20 inches. Permeability

varies.

Group 2K consists of poorly drained or very poorly

drained soils that have been artificially drained and

have free carbonates within 20 inches of the surface.

Permeability varies. These soils may be very slightly

saline or slightly saline (the electrical conductivity is 2

to 8).

Group 2H consists of very poorly drained soils that

have been artificially drained and have more than 16

inches of organic material. Permeability varies.

Group 2W consists of very poorly drained soils that

are subject to ponding and have been artificially

drained. It includes soils that have an organic surface

layer up to 16 inches thick. Permeability varies.

Group 3 consists of soils that are well drained or

moderately well drained and are loamy or silty

throughout. Permeability is moderate or moderately

slow. These soils do not have free carbonates in the

upper 20 inches.

Group 4 consists of soils that are well drained,

moderately well drained, or somewhat poorly drained

and have a silty or loamy surface layer and a clayey

subsoil. Permeability is slow or very slow.

Group 4C consists of soils that are well drained,

moderately well drained, or somewhat poorly drained

and have a clayey surface layer and subsoil.

Permeability is slow or very slow.

Group 4F consists of soils that are well drained,

moderately well drained, or somewhat poorly drained

and have a substratum of dense till. Permeability is

slow or very slow.

Group 5 consists of soils that are excessively

drained to moderately well drained and have a

moderate available water capacity. These soils are

dominantly fine sandy loam or sandy loam, but some

are sandy in the upper part and loamy in the lower

part.

Group 6D consists of excessively drained to

moderately well drained, loamy soils that have bedrock

at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. These soils have a low

or moderate available water capacity.

Group 6G consists of excessively drained to

moderately well drained soils that are loamy in the

upper part and have sand or sand and gravel at a

depth of 20 to 40 inches. These soils have a low or

moderate available water capacity.

Group 7 consists of excessively drained to well

drained soils that are dominantly loamy fine sand or

coarser textured and are shallow to sand or to sand

and gravel. These soils have a low available water

capacity.

Group 8 consists of excessively drained to well

drained, loamy soils that have free carbonates within

20 inches of the surface.

Figure 11.—A windbreak on the north side of a farmstead in an

area of Clarion soils.
54 Soil Survey of

Group 9W consists of soils that are somewhat

poorly drained, poorly drained, or very poorly drained

and are moderately saline (the electrical conductivity

is 8 to 16).

Group 10 consists of soils or miscellaneous land

types that generally are not suitable for windbreaks.

One or more characteristics, such as soil depth,

texture, wetness, available water capacity, or slope,

limit the planting, survival, or growth of trees and

shrubs.

Recreation

The soils of the survey area are rated in tables 11a

and 11b according to limitations that affect their

suitability for recreation. The ratings are both verbal

and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent

to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect the recreational uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for the

specified use. Good performance and very low

maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited

indicates that the soil has features that are moderately

favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be

overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or

installation. Fair performance and moderate

maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are

unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

The ratings in the tables are based on restrictive

soil features, such as wetness, slope, and texture of

the surface layer. Susceptibility to flooding is

considered. Not considered in the ratings, but

important in evaluating a site, are the location and

accessibility of the area, the size and shape of the

area and its scenic quality, vegetation, access to

water, potential water impoundment sites, and access

to public sewer lines. The capacity of the soil to absorb

septic tank effluent and the ability of the soil to support

vegetation also are important. Soils that are subject to

flooding are limited for recreational uses by the

duration and intensity of flooding and the season when

flooding occurs. In planning recreational facilities,

onsite assessment of the height, duration, intensity,

and frequency of flooding is essential.

The information in tables 11a and 11b can be

supplemented by other information in this survey, for

example, interpretations for building site development,

construction materials, sanitary facilities, and water

management.

Camp areas require site preparation, such as

shaping and leveling the tent and parking areas,

stabilizing roads and intensively used areas, and

installing sanitary facilities and utility lines. Camp

areas are subject to heavy foot traffic and some

vehicular traffic. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing camp

areas and the performance of the areas after

development. Slope, stoniness, and depth to bedrock

or a cemented pan are the main concerns affecting

the development of camp areas. The soil properties

that affect the performance of the areas after

development are those that influence trafficability and

promote the growth of vegetation, especially in heavily

used areas. For good trafficability, the surface of camp

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under

heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Picnic areas are subject to heavy foot traffic. Most

vehicular traffic is confined to access roads and

parking areas. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect the ease of developing picnic

areas and that influence trafficability and the growth of

vegetation after development. Slope and stoniness are

the main concerns affecting the development of picnic

areas. For good trafficability, the surface of picnic

areas should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under

heavy foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Playgrounds require soils that are nearly level, are

free of stones, and can withstand intensive foot traffic.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

the ease of developing playgrounds and that influence

trafficability and the growth of vegetation after

development. Slope and stoniness are the main
Humboldt County, Iowa 55

concerns affecting the development of playgrounds.

For good trafficability, the surface of the playgrounds

should absorb rainfall readily, remain firm under heavy

foot traffic, and not be dusty when dry. The soil

properties that influence trafficability are texture of the

surface layer, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding,

permeability, and large stones. The soil properties that

affect the growth of plants are depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, permeability, and toxic substances in

the soil.

Paths and trails for hiking and horseback riding

should require little or no slope modification through

cutting and filling. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that affect trafficability and erodibility. These

properties are stoniness, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, slope, and texture of the surface

layer.

Off-road motorcycle trails require little or no site

preparation. They are not covered with surfacing

material or vegetation. Considerable compaction of the

soil material is likely. The ratings are based on the soil

properties that influence erodibility, trafficability,

dustiness, and the ease of revegetation. These

properties are stoniness, slope, depth to a water table,

ponding, flooding, and texture of the surface layer.

Golf fairways are subject to heavy foot traffic and

some light vehicular traffic. Cutting or filling may be

required. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect

plant growth and trafficability after vegetation is

established. The properties that affect plant growth are

reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan; the available water

capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts,

sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials.

The properties that affect trafficability are flooding,

depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and

the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the

surface layer. The suitability of the soil for traps, tees,

roughs, and greens is not considered in the ratings.

Wildlife Habitat

Soils affect the kind and amount of vegetation that

is available to wildlife as food and cover. They also

affect the construction of water impoundments. The

kind and abundance of wildlife depend largely on the

amount and distribution of food, cover, and water.

Wildlife habitat can be created or improved by planting

appropriate vegetation, by maintaining the existing

plant cover, or by promoting the natural establishment

of desirable plants.

In table 12, the soils in the survey area are rated

according to their potential for providing habitat for

various kinds of wildlife. This information can be used

in planning parks, wildlife refuges, nature study areas,

and other developments for wildlife; in selecting soils

that are suitable for establishing, improving, or

maintaining specific elements of wildlife habitat; and in

determining the intensity of management needed for

each element of the habitat.

The potential of the soil is rated good, fair, poor, or

very poor. A rating of good indicates that the element

or kind of habitat is easily established, improved, or

maintained. Few or no limitations affect management,

and satisfactory results can be expected. A rating of

fair indicates that the element or kind of habitat can be

established, improved, or maintained in most places.

Moderately intensive management is required for

satisfactory results. A rating of poor indicates that

limitations are severe for the designated element or

kind of habitat. Habitat can be created, improved, or

maintained in most places, but management is difficult

and must be intensive. A rating of very poor indicates

that restrictions for the element or kind of habitat are

very severe and that unsatisfactory results can be

expected. Creating, improving, or maintaining habitat

is impractical or impossible.

The elements of wildlife habitat are described in the

following paragraphs.

Grain and seed crops are domestic grains and

seed-producing herbaceous plants. Soil properties

and features that affect the growth of grain and seed

crops are depth of the root zone, texture of the surface

layer, available water capacity, wetness, slope, surface

stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and soil

moisture also are considerations. Examples of grain

and seed crops are corn, soybeans, wheat, oats, and

barley.

Grasses and legumes are domestic perennial

grasses and herbaceous legumes. Soil properties and

features that affect the growth of grasses and legumes

are depth of the root zone, texture of the surface layer,

available water capacity, wetness, surface stoniness,

flooding, and slope. Soil temperature and soil moisture

also are considerations. Examples of grasses and

legumes are bromegrass, timothy, orchardgrass,

clover, and alfalfa.

Wild herbaceous plants are native or naturally

established grasses and forbs, including weeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of these

plants are depth of the root zone, texture of the

surface layer, available water capacity, wetness,

surface stoniness, and flooding. Soil temperature and

soil moisture also are considerations. Examples of wild

herbaceous plants are bluestem, bluegrass,
56 Soil Survey of

dandelions, goldenrod, ragweed, wheatgrass, and

nightshade.

Hardwood trees and woody understory produce

nuts or other fruit, buds, catkins, twigs, bark, and

foliage. Soil properties and features that affect the

growth of hardwood trees and shrubs are depth of the

root zone, available water capacity, and wetness.

Examples of these plants are oak, poplar, box elder,

birch, maple, green ash, willow, and American elm.

Examples of fruit-producing shrubs that are suitable

for planting on soils rated good are Russian-olive,

autumn-olive, and crabapple.

Coniferous plants furnish browse and seeds. Soil

properties and features that affect the growth of

coniferous trees, shrubs, and ground cover are depth

of the root zone, available water capacity, and

wetness. Examples of coniferous plants are pine,

spruce, fir, cedar, and juniper.

Wetland plants are annual and perennial wild

herbaceous plants that grow on moist or wet sites.

Submerged or floating aquatic plants are excluded.

Soil properties and features affecting wetland plants

are texture of the surface layer, wetness, reaction,

salinity, slope, and surface stoniness. Examples of

wetland plants are smartweed, wild millet, wildrice,

rushes, sedges, and reeds.

Shallow water areas have an average depth of less

than 5 feet. Some are naturally wet areas. Others are

created by dams, levees, or other water-control

structures. Soil properties and features affecting

shallow water areas are depth to bedrock, wetness,

surface stoniness, slope, and permeability. Examples

of shallow water areas are marshes, waterfowl feeding

areas, and ponds.

The habitat for various kinds of wildlife is described

in the following paragraphs.

Habitat for openland wildlife consists of cropland,

pasture, meadows, and areas that are overgrown with

grasses, herbs, shrubs, and vines. These areas

produce grain and seed crops, grasses and legumes,

and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife attracted to these

areas include Hungarian partridge, ring-necked

pheasant, bobwhite quail, sharp-tailed grouse,

meadowlark, field sparrow, killdeer, cottontail rabbit,

and red fox.

Habitat for woodland wildlife consists of areas of

deciduous and/or coniferous plants and associated

grasses, legumes, and wild herbaceous plants. Wildlife

attracted to these areas include wild turkey, ruffed

grouse, woodcock, thrushes, woodpeckers, owls, tree

squirrels, gray fox, raccoon, and deer.

Habitat for wetland wildlife consists of open, marshy

or swampy shallow water areas. Some of the wildlife

attracted to such areas are ducks, geese, herons,

shore birds, muskrat, mink, and beaver.

Engineering

This section provides information for planning land

uses related to urban development and to water

management. Soils are rated for various uses, and the

most limiting features are identified. Ratings are given

for building site development, sanitary facilities, waste

management, construction materials, and water

management. The ratings are based on observed

performance of the soils and on the data in the tables

described under the heading “Soil Properties.”

Information in this section is intended for land use

planning, for evaluating land use alternatives, and for

planning site investigations prior to design and

construction. The information, however, has limitations.

For example, estimates and other data generally apply

only to that part of the soil between the surface and a

depth of 5 to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small

areas of different soils may be included within the

mapped areas of a specific soil.

The information is not site specific and does not

eliminate the need for onsite investigation of the soils

or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in

the design and construction of engineering works.

Government ordinances and regulations that

restrict certain land uses or impose specific design

criteria were not considered in preparing the

information in this section. Local ordinances and

regulations should be considered in planning, in site

selection, and in design.

Soil properties, site features, and observed

performance were considered in determining the

ratings in this section. During the fieldwork for this soil

survey, determinations were made about particle-size

distribution, liquid limit, plasticity index, soil reaction,

depth to bedrock, hardness of bedrock within 5 to 7

feet of the surface, soil wetness, depth to a water

table, ponding, slope, likelihood of flooding, natural soil

structure aggregation, and soil density. Data were

collected about kinds of clay minerals, mineralogy of

the sand and silt fractions, and the kinds of adsorbed

cations. Estimates were made for erodibility,

permeability, corrosivity, shrink-swell potential,

available water capacity, and other behavioral

characteristics affecting engineering uses.

This information can be used to evaluate the

potential of areas for residential, commercial,

industrial, and recreational uses; make preliminary

estimates of construction conditions; evaluate

alternative routes for roads, streets, highways,
Humboldt County, Iowa 57

pipelines, and underground cables; evaluate

alternative sites for sanitary landfills, septic tank

absorption fields, and sewage lagoons; plan detailed

onsite investigations of soils and geology; locate

potential sources of gravel, sand, earthfill, and topsoil;

plan drainage systems, irrigation systems, ponds,

terraces, and other structures for soil and water

conservation; and predict performance of proposed

small structures and pavements by comparing the

performance of existing similar structures on the same

or similar soils.

The information in the tables, along with the soil

maps, the soil descriptions, and other data provided in

this survey, can be used to make additional

interpretations.

Some of the terms used in this soil survey have a

special meaning in soil science and are defined in the

Glossary.

Building Site Development

Soil properties influence the development of

building sites, including the selection of the site, the

design of the structure, construction, performance

after construction, and maintenance. Tables 13a and

13b show the degree and kind of soil limitations that

affect dwellings with and without basements, small

commercial buildings, local roads and streets, shallow

excavations, and lawns and landscaping.

The ratings in the tables are both verbal and

numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to

which the soils are limited by all of the soil features

that affect building site development. Not limited

indicates that the soil has features that are very

favorable for the specified use. Good performance and

very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat

limited indicates that the soil has features that are

moderately favorable for the specified use. The

limitations can be overcome or minimized by special

planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and

moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited

indicates that the soil has one or more features that

are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Dwellings are single-family houses of three stories

or less. For dwellings without basements, the

foundation is assumed to consist of spread footings of

reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil at a depth

of 2 feet or at the depth of maximum frost penetration,

whichever is deeper. For dwellings with basements,

the foundation is assumed to consist of spread

footings of reinforced concrete built on undisturbed soil

at a depth of about 7 feet. The ratings for dwellings are

based on the soil properties that affect the capacity of

the soil to support a load without movement and on

the properties that affect excavation and construction

costs. The properties that affect the load-supporting

capacity include depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink-swell

potential), and compressibility. Compressibility is

inferred from the Unified classification. The properties

that affect the ease and amount of excavation include

depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, slope, depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or

a cemented pan, and the amount and size of rock

fragments.

Small commercial buildings are structures that are

less than three stories high and do not have

basements. The foundation is assumed to consist of

spread footings of reinforced concrete built on

undisturbed soil at a depth of 2 feet or at the depth of

maximum frost penetration, whichever is deeper. The

ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the

capacity of the soil to support a load without

movement and on the properties that affect excavation

and construction costs. The properties that affect the

load-supporting capacity include depth to a water

table, ponding, flooding, subsidence, linear

extensibility (shrink-swell potential), and

compressibility (which is inferred from the Unified

classification). The properties that affect the ease and

amount of excavation include flooding, depth to a

water table, ponding, slope, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented

pan, and the amount and size of rock fragments.

Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface

and carry automobile and light truck traffic all year.

They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base

of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by

lime or cement; and a surface of flexible material

(asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a

binder. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the

traffic-supporting capacity. The properties that affect

the ease of excavation and grading are depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding,

flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope. The
58 Soil Survey of

properties that affect the traffic-supporting capacity

are soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group

index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrinkswell potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a

water table, and ponding.

Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a

maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet for graves, utility lines,

open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are

based on the soil properties that influence the ease of

digging and the resistance to sloughing. Depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a

cemented pan, the amount of large stones, and dense

layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and

compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table,

flooding, and ponding may restrict the period when

excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease

of using machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water

table, and linear extensibility (shrink-swell potential)

influence the resistance to sloughing.

Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf

and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established

and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the

ratings. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect plant growth and trafficability after

vegetation is established. The properties that affect

plant growth are reaction; depth to a water table;

ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the

available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the

content of salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate; and

sulfidic materials. The properties that affect

trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table,

ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand,

clay, or organic matter in the surface layer.

Sanitary Facilities

Tables 14a and 14b show the degree and kind of

soil limitations that affect septic tank absorption fields,

sewage lagoons, sanitary landfills, and daily cover for

landfill. The ratings are both verbal and numerical.

Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the

soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect

these uses. Not limited indicates that the soil has

features that are very favorable for the specified use.

Good performance and very low maintenance can be

expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has

features that are moderately favorable for the specified

use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by

special planning, design, or installation. Fair

performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Septic tank absorption fields are areas in which

effluent from a septic tank is distributed into the soil

through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe. Only that

part of the soil between depths of 24 and 60 inches is

evaluated. The ratings are based on the soil properties

that affect absorption of the effluent, construction and

maintenance of the system, and public health.

Permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, and flooding affect

absorption of the effluent. Stones and boulders, ice,

and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with

installation. Subsidence interferes with installation and

maintenance. Excessive slope may cause lateral

seepage and surfacing of the effluent in downslope

areas.

Some soils are underlain by loose sand and gravel

or fractured bedrock at a depth of less than 4 feet

below the distribution lines. In these soils the

absorption field may not adequately filter the effluent,

particularly when the system is new. As a result, the

ground water may become contaminated.

Sewage lagoons are shallow ponds constructed to

hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the

solid and liquid wastes. Lagoons should have a nearly

level floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments

of compacted soil. Nearly impervious soil material for

the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize

seepage and contamination of ground water.

Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, flooding, large stones, and content of

organic matter.

Soil permeability is a critical property affecting the

suitability for sewage lagoons. Most porous soils

eventually become sealed when they are used as sites

for sewage lagoons. Until sealing occurs, however, the

hazard of pollution is severe. Soils that have a

permeability rate of more than 2 inches per hour are

too porous for the proper functioning of sewage

lagoons. In these soils, seepage of the effluent can

result in contamination of the ground water. Groundwater contamination is also a hazard if fractured

bedrock is within a depth of 40 inches, if the water

table is high enough to raise the level of sewage in the

lagoon, or if floodwater overtops the lagoon.
Humboldt County, Iowa 59

A high content of organic matter is detrimental to

proper functioning of the lagoon because it inhibits

aerobic activity. Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans

can cause construction problems, and large stones

can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor. If the

lagoon is to be uniformly deep throughout, the slope

must be gentle enough and the soil material must be

thick enough over bedrock or a cemented pan to make

land smoothing practical.

A trench sanitary landfill is an area where solid

waste is placed in successive layers in an excavated

trench. The waste is spread, compacted, and covered

daily with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site.

When the trench is full, a final cover of soil material at

least 2 feet thick is placed over the landfill. The ratings

in the table are based on the soil properties that affect

the risk of pollution, the ease of excavation,

trafficability, and revegetation. These properties

include permeability, depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, flooding,

texture, stones and boulders, highly organic layers,

soil reaction, and content of salts and sodium. Unless

otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of

the soil within a depth of about 6 feet. For deeper

trenches, onsite investigation may be needed.

Hard, nonrippable bedrock, creviced bedrock, or

highly permeable strata in or directly below the

proposed trench bottom can affect the ease of

excavation and the hazard of ground-water pollution.

Slope affects construction of the trenches and the

movement of surface water around the landfill. It also

affects the construction and performance of roads in

areas of the landfill.

Soil texture and consistence affect the ease with

which the trench is dug and the ease with which the

soil can be used as daily or final cover. They

determine the workability of the soil when dry and

when wet. Soils that are plastic and sticky when wet

are difficult to excavate, grade, or compact and are

difficult to place as a uniformly thick cover over a layer

of refuse.

The soil material used as the final cover for a trench

landfill should be suitable for plants. It should not have

excess sodium or salts and should not be too acid.

The surface layer generally has the best workability,

the highest content of organic matter, and the best

potential for plants. Material from the surface layer

should be stockpiled for use as the final cover.

In an area sanitary landfill, solid waste is placed in

successive layers on the surface of the soil. The waste

is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin

layer of soil from a source away from the site. A final

cover of soil material at least 2 feet thick is placed over

the completed landfill. The ratings in the table are

based on the soil properties that affect trafficability and

the risk of pollution. These properties include flooding,

permeability, depth to a water table, ponding, slope,

and depth to bedrock or a cemented pan.

Flooding is a serious problem because it can result

in pollution in areas downstream from the landfill. If

permeability is too rapid or if fractured bedrock, a

fractured cemented pan, or the water table is close to

the surface, the leachate can contaminate the water

supply. Slope is a consideration because of the extra

grading required to maintain roads in the steeper

areas of the landfill. Also, leachate may flow along the

surface of the soils in the steeper areas and cause

difficult seepage problems.

Daily cover for landfill is the soil material that is

used to cover compacted solid waste in an area

sanitary landfill. The soil material is obtained offsite,

transported to the landfill, and spread over the waste.

The ratings in the table also apply to the final cover for

a landfill. They are based on the soil properties that

affect workability, the ease of digging, and the ease of

moving and spreading the material over the refuse

daily during wet and dry periods. These properties

include soil texture, depth to a water table, ponding,

rock fragments, slope, depth to bedrock or a cemented

pan, reaction, and content of salts, sodium, or lime.

Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones and

excess gravel are the best cover for a landfill. Clayey

soils may be sticky and difficult to spread; sandy soils

are subject to wind erosion.

Slope affects the ease of excavation and of moving

the cover material. Also, it can influence runoff,

erosion, and reclamation of the borrow area.

After soil material has been removed, the soil

material remaining in the borrow area must be thick

enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water

table to permit revegetation. The soil material used as

the final cover for a landfill should be suitable for

plants. It should not have excess sodium, salts, or lime

and should not be too acid.

Agricultural Waste Management

Soil properties are important considerations in

areas where soils are used as sites for the treatment

and disposal of organic waste and wastewater.

Selection of soils with properties that favor waste

management can help to prevent environmental

damage.

Table 15 shows the degree and kind of soil

limitations affecting the treatment of agricultural waste,

including municipal and food-processing wastewater

and effluent from lagoons or storage ponds. Municipal

wastewater is the waste stream from a municipality. It
60 Soil Survey of

contains domestic waste and may contain industrial

waste. It may have received primary or secondary

treatment. It is rarely untreated sewage. Foodprocessing wastewater results from the preparation of

fruits, vegetables, milk, cheese, and meats for public

consumption. In places it is high in content of sodium

and chloride. In the context of this table, the effluent in

lagoons and storage ponds is from facilities used to

treat or store food-processing wastewater or domestic

or animal waste. Domestic and food-processing

wastewater is very dilute, and the effluent from the

facilities that treat or store it commonly is very low in

content of carbonaceous and nitrogenous material; the

content of nitrogen commonly ranges from 10 to 30

milligrams per liter. The wastewater from animal waste

treatment lagoons or storage ponds, however, has

much higher concentrations of these materials, mainly

because the manure has not been diluted as much as

the domestic waste. The content of nitrogen in this

wastewater generally ranges from 50 to 2,000

milligrams per liter. When wastewater is applied,

checks should be made to ensure that nitrogen, heavy

metals, and salts are not added in excessive amounts.

The ratings in the table are for waste management

systems that not only dispose of and treat organic

waste or wastewater but also are beneficial to crops

(application of manure and food-processing waste,

application of sewage sludge, and disposal of

wastewater by irrigation).

The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating

class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are

limited by all of the soil features that affect agricultural

waste management. Not limited indicates that the soil

has features that are very favorable for the specified

use. Good performance and very low maintenance

can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the

soil has features that are moderately favorable for the

specified use. The limitations can be overcome or

minimized by special planning, design, or installation.

Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be

expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one

or more features that are unfavorable for the specified

use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome

without major soil reclamation, special design, or

expensive installation procedures. Poor performance

and high maintenance can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Application of manure and food-processing waste

not only disposes of waste material but also can

improve crop production by increasing the supply of

nutrients in the soils where the material is applied.

Manure is the excrement of livestock and poultry, and

food-processing waste is damaged fruit and

vegetables and the peelings, stems, leaves, pits, and

soil particles removed in food preparation. The manure

and food-processing waste are either solid, slurry, or

liquid. Their nitrogen content varies. A high content of

nitrogen limits the application rate. Toxic or otherwise

dangerous wastes, such as those mixed with the lye

used in food processing, are not considered in the

ratings.

The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect absorption, plant growth, microbial activity,

erodibility, the rate at which the waste is applied, and

the method by which the waste is applied. The

properties that affect absorption include permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, the sodium adsorption

ratio, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, and

available water capacity. The properties that affect

plant growth and microbial activity include reaction, the

sodium adsorption ratio, salinity, and bulk density. The

wind erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and

slope are considered in estimating the likelihood that

wind erosion or water erosion will transport the waste

material from the application site. Stones, cobbles, a

water table, ponding, and flooding can hinder the

application of waste. Permanently frozen soils are

unsuitable for waste treatment.

Application of sewage sludge not only disposes of

waste material but also can improve crop production

by increasing the supply of nutrients in the soils where

the material is applied. In the context of this table,

sewage sludge is the residual product of the treatment

of municipal sewage. The solid component consists

mainly of cell mass, primarily bacteria cells that

developed during secondary treatment and have

incorporated soluble organics into their own bodies.

The sludge has small amounts of sand, silt, and other

solid debris. The content of nitrogen varies. Some

sludge has constituents that are toxic to plants or

hazardous to the food chain, such as heavy metals

and exotic organic compounds, and should be

analyzed chemically prior to use.

The content of water in the sludge ranges from

about 98 percent to less than 40 percent. The sludge

is considered liquid if it is more than about 90 percent

water, slurry if it is about 50 to 90 percent water, and

solid if it is less than about 50 percent water.

The ratings in the table are based on the soil

properties that affect absorption, plant growth,

microbial activity, erodibility, the rate at which the

sludge is applied, and the method by which the sludge
Humboldt County, Iowa 61

is applied. The properties that affect absorption, plant

growth, and microbial activity include permeability,

depth to a water table, ponding, the sodium adsorption

ratio, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, available

water capacity, reaction, salinity, and bulk density. The

wind erodibility group, the soil erodibility factor K, and

slope are considered in estimating the likelihood that

wind erosion or water erosion will transport the waste

material from the application site. Stones, cobbles, a

water table, ponding, and flooding can hinder the

application of sludge. Permanently frozen soils are

unsuitable for waste treatment.

Disposal of wastewater by irrigation not only

disposes of municipal wastewater and wastewater

from food-processing plants, lagoons, and storage

ponds but also can improve crop production by

increasing the amount of water available to crops. The

ratings in the table are based on the soil properties

that affect the design, construction, management, and

performance of the irrigation system. The properties

that affect design and management include the

sodium adsorption ratio, depth to a water table,

ponding, available water capacity, permeability, slope,

and flooding. The properties that affect construction

include stones, cobbles, depth to bedrock or a

cemented pan, depth to a water table, and ponding.

The properties that affect performance include depth

to bedrock or a cemented pan, bulk density, the

sodium adsorption ratio, salinity, reaction, and the

cation-exchange capacity, which is used to estimate

the capacity of a soil to adsorb heavy metals.

Permanently frozen soils are not suitable for disposal

of wastewater by irrigation.

Construction Materials

Table 16 gives information about the soils as

potential sources of gravel, sand, and topsoil. Normal

compaction, minor processing, and other standard

construction practices are assumed.

Sand and gravel are natural aggregates suitable for

commercial use with a minimum of processing. They

are used in many kinds of construction. Specifications

for each use vary widely. In table 16, only the

likelihood of finding material in suitable quantity is

evaluated. The suitability of the material for specific

purposes is not evaluated, nor are factors that affect

excavation of the material. The properties used to

evaluate the soil as a source of sand or gravel are

gradation of grain sizes (as indicated by the Unified

classification of the soil), the thickness of suitable

material, and the content of rock fragments. If the

bottom layer of the soil contains sand or gravel, the

soil is considered a likely source regardless of

thickness. The assumption is that the sand or gravel

layer below the depth of observation exceeds the

minimum thickness.

The soils are rated as possible, probable, or

improbable sources of gravel and are rated good, fair,

or poor as potential sources of sand. In this table,

gravel is defined as particles ranging from 0.2 inch to

3.0 inches in diameter. Soils rated as a possible

source of gravel contain at least 25 percent gravel, by

weight. Soils rated as a probable source contain at

least 50 percent gravel, by weight. For sand, a rating

of good or fair means that the source material is likely

to be in or below the soil. For both sand and gravel,

the bottom layer and the thickest layer of the soils are

assigned numerical ratings. These ratings indicate the

likelihood that the layer is a source of sand or gravel.

The number 0.00 indicates that the layer is a poor

source. The number 1.00 indicates that the layer is a

good source. A number between 0.00 and 1.00 indicates

the degree to which the layer is a likely source.

The soils are rated good, fair, or poor as potential

sources of topsoil. The features that limit the soils as

sources of this material are specified in the tables. The

numerical ratings given after the specified features

indicate the degree to which the features limit the soils

as sources of topsoil. The lower the number, the

greater the limitation.

Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation

can be established and maintained. The upper 40

inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also

evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow

area. The ratings are based on the soil properties that

affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading,

and spreading the material; and reclamation of the

borrow area. Toxic substances, soil reaction, and the

properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as

available water capacity and fertility, affect plant

growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and

spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth

to a water table, soil texture, and thickness of suitable

material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected by

slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments, depth to

bedrock or a cemented pan, and toxic material.

The surface layer of most soils is generally

preferred for topsoil because of its organic matter

content. Organic matter greatly increases the

absorption and retention of moisture and nutrients for

plant growth.

Water Management

Table 17 gives information on the soil properties

and site features that affect water management. The

degree and kind of soil limitations are given for pond
62

reservoir areas; embankments, dikes, and levees; and

aquifer-fed excavated ponds. The ratings are both

verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the

extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil

features that affect these uses. Not limited indicates

that the soil has features that are very favorable for the

specified use. Good performance and very low

maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited

indicates that the soil has features that are moderately

favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be

overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or

installation. Fair performance and moderate

maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates

that the soil has one or more features that are

unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations

generally cannot be overcome without major soil

reclamation, special design, or expensive installation

procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance

can be expected.

Numerical ratings in the tables indicate the severity

of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as

decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They

indicate gradations between the point at which a soil

feature has the greatest negative impact on the use

(1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a

limitation (0.00).

Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or

embankment. Soils best suited to this use have low

seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The

seepage potential is determined by the permeability of

the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other

permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the

storage capacity of the reservoir area.

Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised

structures of soil material, generally less than 20 feet

high, constructed to impound water or to protect land

against overflow. Embankments that have zoned

construction (core and shell) are not considered. In

this table, the soils are rated as a source of material

for embankment fill. The ratings apply to the soil

material below the surface layer to a depth of about 5

feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly

mixed and compacted during construction.

The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural

soil to support an embankment. Soil properties to a

depth even greater than the height of the embankment

can affect performance and safety of the embankment.

Generally, deeper onsite investigation is needed to

determine these properties.

Soil material in embankments must be resistant to

seepage, piping, and erosion and have favorable

compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features

include less than 5 feet of suitable material and a high

content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or salts

or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of

usable material. It also affects trafficability.

Aquifer-fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts

that extend to a ground-water aquifer or to a depth

below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds

that are fed only by surface runoff and embankment

ponds that impound water 3 feet or more above the

original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by

depth to a permanent water table, permeability of the

aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the

salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of

large stones affect the ease of excavation.
63

Data relating to soil properties are collected during

the course of the soil survey.

Soil properties are ascertained by field examination

of the soils and by laboratory index testing of some

benchmark soils. Established standard procedures are

followed. During the survey, many shallow borings are

made and examined to identify and classify the soils

and to delineate them on the soil maps. Samples are

taken from some typical profiles and tested in the

laboratory to determine particle-size distribution,

plasticity, and compaction characteristics.

Estimates of soil properties are based on field

examinations, on laboratory tests of samples from the

survey area, and on laboratory tests of samples of

similar soils in nearby areas. Tests verify field

observations, verify properties that cannot be

estimated accurately by field observation, and help to

characterize key soils.

The estimates of soil properties are shown in

tables. They include engineering index properties,

physical and chemical properties, and pertinent soil

and water features.

Engineering Index Properties

Table 18 gives the engineering classifications and

the range of index properties for the layers of each soil

in the survey area.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Texture is given in the standard terms used by the

U.S. Department of Agriculture. These terms are

defined according to percentages of sand, silt, and

clay in the fraction of the soil that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter (fig. 12). “Loam,” for example, is

soil that is 7 to 27 percent clay, 28 to 50 percent silt,

and less than 52 percent sand. If the content of

particles coarser than sand is 15 percent or more, an

appropriate modifier is added, for example, “gravelly.”

Textural terms are defined in the Glossary.

Classification of the soils is determined according to

the Unified soil classification system (ASTM, 2001)

and the system adopted by the American Association

of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO, 2000).

The Unified system classifies soils according to

properties that affect their use as construction

material. Soils are classified according to particle-size

distribution of the fraction less than 3 inches in

diameter and according to plasticity index, liquid limit,

and organic matter content. Sandy and gravelly soils

are identified as GW, GP, GM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and

SC; silty and clayey soils as ML, CL, OL, MH, CH, and

OH; and highly organic soils as PT. Soils exhibiting

engineering properties of two groups can have a dual

classification, for example, CL-ML.

The AASHTO system classifies soils according to

those properties that affect roadway construction and

maintenance. In this system, the fraction of a mineral

soil that is less than 3 inches in diameter is classified

in one of seven groups from A-1 through A-7 on the

basis of particle-size distribution, liquid limit, and

Soil Properties

Figure 12.—Percentages of clay, silt, and sand in the basic

USDA soil textural classes.
64 Soil Survey of

plasticity index. Soils in group A-1 are coarse grained

and low in content of fines (silt and clay). At the other

extreme, soils in group A-7 are fine grained. Highly

organic soils are classified in group A-8 on the basis of

visual inspection.

If laboratory data are available, the A-1, A-2, and

A-7 groups are further classified as A-1-a, A-1-b,

A-2-4, A-2-5, A-2-6, A-2-7, A-7-5, or A-7-6. As an

additional refinement, the suitability of a soil as

subgrade material can be indicated by a group index

number. Group index numbers range from 0 for the

best subgrade material to 20 or higher for the poorest.

Rock fragments larger than 10 inches in diameter

and 3 to 10 inches in diameter are indicated as a

percentage of the total soil on a dry-weight basis. The

percentages are estimates determined mainly by

converting volume percentage in the field to weight

percentage.

Percentage (of soil particles) passing designated

sieves is the percentage of the soil fraction less than 3

inches in diameter based on an ovendry weight. The

sieves, numbers 4, 10, 40, and 200 (USA Standard

Series), have openings of 4.76, 2.00, 0.420, and 0.074

millimeters, respectively. Estimates are based on

laboratory tests of soils sampled in the survey area

and in nearby areas and on estimates made in the

field.

Liquid limit and plasticity index (Atterberg limits)

indicate the plasticity characteristics of a soil. The

estimates are based on test data from the survey area

or from nearby areas and on field examination.

The estimates of particle-size distribution, liquid

limit, and plasticity index are generally rounded to the

nearest 5 percent. Thus, if the ranges of gradation and

Atterberg limits extend a marginal amount (1 or 2

percentage points) across classification boundaries,

the classification in the marginal zone is generally

omitted in the table.

Physical Properties

Table 19 shows estimates of some physical

characteristics and features that affect soil behavior.

These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in

the survey area. The estimates are based on field

observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil

particles that are less than 0.002 millimeter in

diameter. In table 19, the estimated clay content of

each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of

the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in

diameter.

The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and

physical condition of the soil and the ability of the soil

to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They

influence shrink-swell potential, permeability, plasticity,

the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil properties.

The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect tillage

and earthmoving operations.

Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per

unit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is at

field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at

1

/3- or 1/10-bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension.

Weight is determined after the soil is dried at 105

degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk

density of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per

cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2

millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to

compute shrink-swell potential, available water

capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties.

The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore

space available for water and roots. Depending on soil

texture, a bulk density of more than 1.4 can restrict

water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density

is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic

matter, and soil structure.

Permeability refers to the ability of a soil to transmit

water or air. The term “permeability,” as used in soil

surveys, indicates saturated hydraulic conductivity

(Ksat ). The estimates in the table indicate the rate of

water movement, in inches per hour, when the soil is

saturated. They are based on soil characteristics

observed in the field, particularly structure, porosity,

and texture. Permeability is considered in the design of

soil drainage systems and septic tank absorption

fields.

Available water capacity refers to the quantity of

water that the soil is capable of storing for use by

plants. The capacity for water storage is given in

inches of water per inch of soil for each soil layer. The

capacity varies, depending on soil properties that

affect retention of water. The most important

properties are the content of organic matter, soil

texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water

capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants

or crops to be grown and in the design and

management of irrigation systems. Available water

capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water

actually available to plants at any given time.

Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased

from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the

volume change between the water content of the clod
Humboldt County, Iowa 65

at 1

/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and

oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the

table as percent change for the whole soil. Volume

change is influenced by the amount and type of clay

minerals in the soil.

Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrinkswell potential of soils. The shrink-swell potential is low

if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3

percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9

percent; and very high if more than 9 percent. If the

linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and

swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and

other structures and to plant roots. Special design

commonly is needed.

Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in

the soil at various stages of decomposition. In table

19, the estimated content of organic matter is

expressed as a percentage, by weight, of the soil

material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter.

The content of organic matter in a soil can be

maintained by returning crop residue to the soil.

Organic matter has a positive effect on available water

capacity, water infiltration, soil organism activity, and

tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for

crops and soil organisms.

Erosion factors are shown in table 19 as the K

factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor. Erosion factor K

indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill

erosion by water. Factor K is one of six factors used in

the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the

Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to

predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet

and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The

estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt,

sand, and organic matter and on soil structure and

permeability. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69.

Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the

more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by

water.

Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the

whole soil. The estimates are modified by the

presence of rock fragments.

Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fineearth fraction, or the material less than 2 millimeters in

size.

Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum

average annual rate of soil erosion by wind or water

that can occur without affecting crop productivity over

a sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per

year.

Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that

have similar properties affecting their susceptibility to

wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to

group 1 are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and

those assigned to group 8 are the least susceptible.

The groups are as follows:

1. Coarse sands, sands, fine sands, and very fine

sands.

2. Loamy coarse sands, loamy sands, loamy fine

sands, loamy very fine sands, ash material, and sapric

soil material.

3. Coarse sandy loams, sandy loams, fine sandy

loams, and very fine sandy loams.

4L. Calcareous loams, silt loams, clay loams, and

silty clay loams.

4. Clays, silty clays, noncalcareous clay loams,

and silty clay loams that are more than 35 percent

clay.

5. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are

less than 20 percent clay and sandy clay loams, sandy

clays, and hemic soil material.

6. Noncalcareous loams and silt loams that are

more than 20 percent clay and noncalcareous clay

loams that are less than 35 percent clay.

7. Silts, noncalcareous silty clay loams that are

less than 35 percent clay, and fibric soil material.

8. Soils that are not subject to wind erosion

because of rock fragments on the surface or because

of surface wetness.

Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating

the susceptibility of soil to wind erosion, or the tons

per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to

wind erosion. There is a close correlation between

wind erosion and the texture of the surface layer, the

size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments,

organic matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil

moisture and frozen soil layers also influence wind

erosion.

Chemical Properties

Table 20 shows estimates of some chemical

characteristics and features that affect soil behavior.

These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in

the survey area. The estimates are based on field

observations and on test data for these and similar

soils.

Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each

layer is indicated.

Cation-exchange capacity is the total amount of

extractable bases that can be held by the soil,

expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams

of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH

value. Soils having a low cation-exchange capacity

hold fewer cations and may require more frequent

applications of fertilizer than soils having a high cationexchange capacity. The ability to retain cations

reduces the hazard of ground-water pollution.
66 Soil Survey of

Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity.

The pH of each soil horizon is based on many field

tests. For many soils, values have been verified by

laboratory analyses. Soil reaction is important in

selecting crops and other plants, in evaluating soil

amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in

determining the risk of corrosion.

Calcium carbonate equivalent is the percent of

carbonates, by weight, in the fraction of the soil less

than 2 millimeters in size. The availability of plant

nutrients is influenced by the amount of carbonates in

the soil. Incorporating nitrogen fertilizer into calcareous

soils helps to prevent nitrite accumulation and

ammonium-N volatilization.

Water Features

Table 21 gives estimates of various water features.

The estimates are used in land use planning that

involves engineering considerations.

Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of

runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four

groups according to the rate of water infiltration when

the soils are not protected by vegetation, are

thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from longduration storms.

The four hydrologic soil groups are:

Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low

runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist

mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained

sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate

of water transmission.

Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate

when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of

moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or

well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to

moderately coarse texture. These soils have a

moderate rate of water transmission.

Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when

thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a

layer that impedes the downward movement of water

or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture.

These soils have a slow rate of water transmission.

Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate

(high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These

consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink-swell

potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that

have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface,

and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious

material. These soils have a very slow rate of water

transmission.

If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (A/D,

B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the

second is for undrained areas.

The months in the table indicate the portion of the

year in which the feature is most likely to be a

concern.

Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil.

Table 21 indicates, by month, depth to the top (upper

limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in

most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits

are based mainly on observations of the water table at

selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone,

namely grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic

features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for

less than a month is not considered a water table.

Ponding is standing water in a closed depression.

Unless a drainage system is installed, the water is

removed only by percolation, transpiration, or

evaporation. Table 21 indicates surface water depth

and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration is

expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to

7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than

30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare,

occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is

not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under

unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is

nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional

that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years

(the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

and frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than

once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than

50 percent in any year).

Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area

caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from

adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short

periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered

flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes

is considered ponding rather than flooding.

Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is

expressed as extremely brief if 0.1 hour to 4 hours,

very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long

if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days.

Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare,

occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means

that flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very

unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather

conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1

percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible

under unusual weather conditions (the chance of

flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that

it occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions

(the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year);

frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal

weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more

than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent

in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is

likely to occur very often under normal weather
Humboldt County, Iowa 67

conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50

percent in all months of any year).

The information is based on evidence in the soil

profile, namely thin strata of gravel, sand, silt, or clay

deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic

matter content with increasing depth; and little or no

horizon development.

Also considered are local information about the

extent and levels of flooding and the relation of each

soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on

the extent of flooding based on soil data is less

specific than that provided by detailed engineering

surveys that delineate flood-prone areas at specific

flood frequency levels.

Soil Features

Table 22 gives estimates of various soil features.

The estimates are used in land use planning that

involves engineering considerations.

A restrictive layer is a nearly continuous layer that

has one or more physical, chemical, or thermal

properties that significantly impede the movement of

water and air through the soil or that restrict roots or

otherwise provide an unfavorable root environment.

Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense

layers, and frozen layers. Depth to top is the vertical

distance from the soil surface to the upper boundary of

the restrictive layer.

Subsidence is the settlement of organic soils or of

saturated mineral soils of very low density. Subsidence

generally results from either desiccation and

shrinkage or oxidation of organic material, or both,

following drainage. Subsidence takes place gradually,

usually over a period of several years. The table shows

the expected initial subsidence, which usually is a

result of drainage, and total subsidence, which results

from a combination of factors.

Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward

or lateral expansion of the soil caused by the formation

of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and the

subsequent collapse of the soil and loss of strength on

thawing. Frost action occurs when moisture moves

into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture,

density, permeability, content of organic matter, and

depth to the water table are the most important factors

considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It

is assumed that the soil is not insulated by vegetation

or snow and is not artificially drained. Silty and highly

structured, clayey soils that have a high water table in

winter are the most susceptible to frost action. Well

drained, very gravelly, or very sandy soils are the least

susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during

thawing cause damage to pavements and other rigid

structures.

Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil-induced

electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or

weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of

corrosion of uncoated steel is related to such factors

as soil moisture, particle-size distribution, acidity, and

electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion

of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium

content, texture, moisture content, and acidity of the

soil. Special site examination and design may be

needed if the combination of factors results in a severe

hazard of corrosion. The steel or concrete in

installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers

is more susceptible to corrosion than the steel or

concrete in installations that are entirely within one

kind of soil or within one soil layer.

For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed

as low, moderate, or high, is based on soil drainage

class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near field

capacity, and electrical conductivity of the saturation

extract.

For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is expressed

as low, moderate, or high. It is based on soil texture,

acidity, and amount of sulfates in the saturation extract.

69

The system of soil classification used by the

National Cooperative Soil Survey has six categories

(Soil Survey Staff, 1999). Beginning with the broadest,

these categories are the order, suborder, great group,

subgroup, family, and series. Classification is based on

soil properties observed in the field or inferred from

those observations or from laboratory measurements.

Table 23 shows the classification of the soils in the

survey area. The categories are defined in the

following paragraphs.

ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The

differences among orders reflect the dominant soilforming processes and the degree of soil formation.

Each order is identified by a word ending in sol. An

example is Mollisol.

SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders

primarily on the basis of properties that influence soil

genesis and are important to plant growth or

properties that reflect the most important variables

within the orders. The last syllable in the name of a

suborder indicates the order. An example is Udoll (Ud,

meaning humid, plus oll, from Mollisol).

GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into

great groups on the basis of close similarities in kind,

arrangement, and degree of development of

pedogenic horizons; soil moisture and temperature

regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each

great group is identified by the name of a suborder

and by a prefix that indicates a property of the soil. An

example is Hapludolls (Hapl, meaning minimal

horizonation, plus udoll, the suborder of the Mollisols

that has a udic moisture regime).

SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic

subgroup. Other subgroups are intergrades or

extragrades. The typic subgroup is the central concept

of the great group; it is not necessarily the most

extensive. Intergrades are transitions to other orders,

suborders, or great groups. Extragrades have some

properties that are not representative of the great

group but do not indicate transitions to any other

taxonomic class. Each subgroup is identified by one or

more adjectives preceding the name of the great

group. The adjective Typic identifies the subgroup that

typifies the great group. An example is Typic

Hapludolls.

FAMILY. Families are established within a

subgroup on the basis of physical and chemical

properties and other characteristics that affect

management. Generally, the properties are those of

horizons below plow depth where there is much

biological activity. Among the properties and

characteristics considered are particle-size class,

mineralogy class, cation-exchange activity class, soil

temperature regime, soil depth, and reaction class. A

family name consists of the name of a subgroup

preceded by terms that indicate soil properties. An

example is fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic

Hapludolls.

SERIES. The series consists of soils within a

family that have horizons similar in color, texture,

structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and chemical

composition, and arrangement in the profile.

Soil Series and Their Morphology

In this section, each soil series recognized in the

survey area is described. Characteristics of the soil

and the material in which it formed are identified for

each series. A pedon, a small three-dimensional area

of soil, that is typical of the series in the survey area is

described. The detailed description of each soil

horizon follows standards in the “Soil Survey Manual”

(Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993). Many of the

technical terms used in the descriptions are defined in

“Soil Taxonomy” (Soil Survey Staff, 1999). Unless

otherwise indicated, colors in the descriptions are for

moist soil. Following the pedon description is the

range of important characteristics of the soils in the

series.

Biscay Series

Typical Pedon

Biscay clay loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel,

0 to 2 percent slopes, 450 feet north and 1,850 feet

east of the southwest corner of sec. 14, T. 93 N., R. 27

W.; USGS Hardy, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 51 minutes 52 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 00 minutes 12 seconds W., NAD 27:

Classification of the Soils
70 Soil Survey of

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—7 to 15 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and very fine

granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—15 to 22 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay

loam; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; many

prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coats on

faces of peds; neutral; clear wavy boundary.

Bg2—22 to 30 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few prominent patchy very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic coats on faces of

peds; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine faint

olive gray (5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

BCg—30 to 35 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) sandy loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; common fine prominent olive

brown (2.5Y 4/4), few medium faint olive (5Y 5/3),

and few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral; abrupt

smooth boundary.

2Cg1—35 to 44 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loamy sand; single

grain; loose; common fine roots; about 12 percent

gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

2Cg2—44 to 49 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) gravelly

loamy sand; single grain; loose; common fine

roots; about 20 percent gravel; common medium

prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4) and few fine

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; few fine distinct

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic

depletions; very slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

2Cg3—49 to 57 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) gravelly

loamy sand; single grain; loose; common fine

roots; about 25 percent gravel; common fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and few

fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; few fine distinct

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic

depletions; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

2Cg4—57 to 80 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) gravelly

loamy sand; single grain; loose; about 25 percent

gravel; common fine and medium prominent light

olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to carbonates: 30 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 16 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 32 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—5Y or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—clay loam or sandy loam

2Cg horizon:

Hue—5Y or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loamy sand, sand, or gravelly loamy

sand

Content of gravel—5 to 35 percent

Calcousta Series

Typical Pedon

Calcousta silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent

slopes, 2,400 feet north and 300 feet west of the

southeast corner of sec. 20, T. 91 N., R. 27 W.; USGS

Thor, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 40

minutes 47 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 03

minutes 01 second W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine

granular structure; friable; many fine and medium

roots; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

Bkg—10 to 14 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) silty clay

loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; many fine and medium roots;

very few prominent very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

organic coats; common fine rounded light gray

(10YR 7/2) carbonate concretions; common fine

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg1—14 to 30 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; massive; friable; common fine and medium
Humboldt County, Iowa 71

roots; common fine rounded light gray (10YR 7/2)

carbonate concretions; common fine prominent

brown (7.5YR 4/4) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg2—30 to 45 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silt loam;

massive; friable; common fine and medium roots;

common fine rounded light gray (10YR 7/2)

carbonate concretions; common fine and medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8)

redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg3—45 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silt loam;

massive; friable; common fine and medium roots;

common fine rounded light gray (10YR 7/2)

carbonate concretions; common fine and medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6 and 5/8)

redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to carbonates: 0 to 10 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 9 to 18 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Canisteo Series

Typical Pedon

Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 500 feet

north and 2,250 feet west of the southeast corner of

sec. 28, T. 91 N., R. 29 W.; USGS Unique, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 39 minutes 39

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 16 minutes 26

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

A—9 to 14 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky and moderate fine granular

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

AB—14 to 19 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay

loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Bg1—19 to 25 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common very fine and fine roots; few fine black

(10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concentrations

between peds; about 2 percent gravel; few fine

distinct dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

redoximorphic depletions; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Bg2—25 to 31 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

few fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concentrations between peds; about 3 percent

gravel; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg3—31 to 39 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam; weak

medium prismatic structure parting to weak

medium subangular blocky; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; few fine rounded black (10YR

2/1) iron-manganese concretions; about 3 percent

gravel; common fine prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg1—39 to 49 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; about 4 percent gravel;

common fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg2—49 to 60 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

loam; massive; friable; common very fine and fine

roots; few fine rounded black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; about 4 percent gravel;
72 Soil Survey of

common medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/8 and 5/6) and few fine prominent light

olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; slightly effervescent; moderately

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 0 to 10 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 14 to 24 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y, 5Y, or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—clay loam or loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 to 4

Texture—loam

Clarion Series

Taxadjunct features: The Clarion soils in map units

138C2 and 638C2 do not have a mollic epipedon.

Typical Pedon

Clarion loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 465 feet east and

120 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 9, T. 92

N., R. 29 W.; USGS Gilmore City, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 43 minutes 36 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 23 minutes 00 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

granular structure; friable; common fine roots

between peds; about 2 percent gravel; moderately

acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—7 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) and very dark

brown (10YR 2/2) loam, very dark gray (10YR 3/1)

dry; weak fine granular structure; friable; common

fine roots between peds; about 2 percent gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A2—12 to 17 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak medium granular and weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots

between peds; about 2 percent gravel; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—17 to 23 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) and

brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots

between peds; about 2 percent gravel; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—23 to 32 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

C1—32 to 45 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; massive; friable; common fine roots; few fine

reddish brown (2.5YR 4/4) iron masses; about 3

percent gravel; few fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

C2—45 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; massive; friable; common fine roots;

common fine and medium light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) carbonate concretions; about 5

percent gravel; few fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine

prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic

depletions; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 18 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 22 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or sandy loam
Humboldt County, Iowa 73

Coland Series

Typical Pedon

Coland clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, 1,950 feet south and 600 feet west of the

northeast corner of sec. 14, T. 93 N., R. 27 W.; USGS

Renwick, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 52 minutes 10 seconds N. and long. 93

degrees 59 minutes 33 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine and very fine

granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—7 to 18 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

A2—18 to 33 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

A3—33 to 41 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bg—41 to 47 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) loam,

dark gray (5Y 4/1) dry; weak very fine prismatic

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

Cg—47 to 60 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) sandy loam;

massive; common medium prominent light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/4) and reddish brown (5YR 4/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; friable; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 32 to 48 inches

Depth to carbonates: 48 or more inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 36 to 48 inches

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—N, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—clay loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—N, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—loam, clay loam, or sandy loam

Colo Series

Typical Pedon

Colo silty clay loam, on a slope of less than 1 percent,

in a cultivated area in Tama County, Iowa; about 31/2

miles west of Traer; 790 feet west and 1,920 feet north

of the southeast corner of sec. 12, T. 85 N., R. 15 W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, black

(10YR 2/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable;

moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—8 to 14 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, black

(10YR 2/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable;

moderately acid; diffuse smooth boundary.

A2—14 to 23 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

granular; friable; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

A3—23 to 34 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; slightly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

BA—34 to 40 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bg—40 to 46 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) and gray (10YR

5/1) dry; weak medium prismatic structure parting

to weak medium subangular blocky; friable; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

BCg—46 to 52 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to

weak medium subangular blocky; friable; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg—52 to 60 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam;

few fine prominent brown (7.5YR 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; massive with some

vertical cleavage; friable; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 36 or more inches

Other features: Some pedons have an AC horizon.

Some pedons have sandy or gravelly horizons

below a depth of 4 feet.

A horizon:

Hue—10YR, 5Y, or N
74 Soil Survey of

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

BA and Bg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1

Texture—silty clay loam

BCg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR to 5Y

Value—3 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam, silt loam, or clay loam

Copaston Series

Typical Pedon

Copaston fine sandy loam, 1 to 5 percent slopes, 400

feet south and 100 feet west of the center of the SE1/4

of sec. 29, T. 92 N., R. 29 W.; USGS Bode topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 45 minutes 10 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 17 minutes 45 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable;

common fine roots; about 6 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bw—9 to 16 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/3)

sandy loam; weak moderate subangular blocky

structure; friable; about 6 percent gravel; neutral;

abrupt wavy boundary.

R—16 inches; fractured limestone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 10 to 20 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 4 to 12 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 10 to 20 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—fine sandy loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 7.5YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—fine sandy loam or sandy loam

Crippin Series

Typical Pedon

Crippin loam, on a low convex ridge, in a cultivated

field on a slope of 2 percent, in Palo Alto County, Iowa;

about 6 miles north and 1 mile east of Emmetsburg;

44 feet south and 2,030 feet east of the northwest

corner of sec. 21, T. 97 N., R. 32 W.

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (N 2/0) loam; cloddy parting

to moderate fine granular structure; friable;

common fine roots; slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—7 to 11 inches; black (N 2/0) loam; moderate fine

granular and weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

A2—11 to 16 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam; moderate

fine granular and weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

BA—16 to 20 inches; mixed black (10YR 2/1), very

dark gray (10YR 3/1), and dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) loam; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) kneaded; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to moderate fine granular; friable;

common fine roots; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw1—20 to 27 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

and very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam; dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) kneaded; few fine faint brown

(10YR 5/3) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bw2—27 to 35 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

loam; common fine distinct light olive brown

(2.5YR 5/4) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; some mixing

of light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) in the lower part;

strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

C—35 to 60 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

loam; many fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) mottles; common fine distinct light olive brown

(2.5Y 5/4) and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

mottles; massive; friable; common fine yellowish
Humboldt County, Iowa 75

red and strong brown concretions (oxides);

strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Content of clay: Less than 30 percent in the upper part

of the 10- to 40-inch control section; 23 to 29

percent (weighted average) in the 10- to 40-inch

control section

Calcium carbonate equivalent in the 10- to 40-inch

control section: About 5 to 20 percent

A or Ap horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—loam or clay loam

BA horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

Cylinder Series

Typical Pedon

Cylinder loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to

2 percent slopes, 165 feet south and 66 feet west of

the northeast corner of sec. 14, T. 93 N., R. 27 W.;

USGS Corwith, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 52 minutes 38 seconds N. and long. 93

degrees 59 minutes 30 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine subangular

blocky structure parting to weak fine granular;

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A1—7 to 14 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

granular; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

A2—14 to 20 inches; very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—20 to 28 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

BC—28 to 33 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) sandy

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; common fine distinct

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

2C1—33 to 45 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4 and

5/6) loamy sand; single grain; loose; common fine

roots; about 7 percent gravel; common fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

2C2—45 to 80 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose; few

fine rounded light brownish gray (10YR 6/2)

carbonate concretions; about 20 percent gravel

and 5 percent angular shale; slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 32 to 48 inches

Depth to carbonates: 32 to 48 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 14 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 32 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or sandy clay loam

BC horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or sandy loam

2C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6
76 Soil Survey of

Texture—sand, loamy sand, gravelly sand, or

gravelly loamy sand

Content of gravel—10 to 50 percent

Dickinson Series

Typical Pedon

Dickinson fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes,

1,225 feet east and 600 feet north of the southwest

corner of sec. 10, T. 92 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Bradgate,

Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 47

minutes 16 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 22

minutes 44 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak very fine and fine granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—7 to 13 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

weak very fine subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw1—13 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common fine roots; few faint very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats on faces

of peds; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—21 to 29 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) fine sandy loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bw3—29 to 37 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine sandy loam; weak

medium and coarse subangular blocky structure;

very friable; common fine roots; common fine

pores; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

BC—37 to 44 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loamy fine sand; weak fine prismatic structure;

very friable; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

C—44 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loamy

sand; single grain; loose; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 60 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 24 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—fine sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 5

Texture—sandy loam or fine sandy loam

BC or C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loamy fine sand or loamy sand

Farrar Series

Taxadjunct features: The Farrar soils in this survey

area average less than 18 percent noncarbonate

clay in the series control section.

Typical Pedon

Farrar fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 750 feet

south and 380 feet west of the northeast corner of sec.

31, T. 92 N., R. 29 W.; USGS Unique, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 44 minutes 40

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 18 minutes 23

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

moderate fine granular structure; friable; common

fine roots between peds; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

A—8 to 12 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak fine subangular blocky and weak fine

granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—12 to 19 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

and medium roots; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bw2—19 to 24 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) fine sandy

loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine and medium roots;

slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

2Bw3—24 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

2BC—29 to 35 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; about 4 percent gravel;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.
Humboldt County, Iowa 77

2C1—35 to 48 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; massive; friable;

common fine roots; about 4 percent gravel;

violently effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

2C2—48 to 60 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) loam;

massive; friable; common fine roots; about 4

percent gravel; violently effervescent; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 24 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 19 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—fine sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—fine sandy loam or sandy loam

2Bw or 2BC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam

2C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam

Garmore Series

Typical Pedon

Garmore loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 75 feet south

and 1,250 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 14,

T. 91 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Unique, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 42 minutes 7 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 21 minutes 42 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 6 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 2

percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—6 to 11 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 2

percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

A2—11 to 17 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) clay

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

fine roots; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; gradual

smooth boundary.

AB—17 to 21 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—21 to 36 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few faint patchy dark brown

(10YR 3/3) organic coats; about 3 percent gravel;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—36 to 43 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) clay loam; moderate fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; about 3

percent gravel; few fine distinct light olive brown

(2.5Y 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

redoximorphic depletions; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw3—43 to 49 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure;

friable; about 3 percent gravel; common medium

distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) and few

fine prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

BC—49 to 62 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) loam;

weak coarse prismatic structure; friable; few dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) coatings on faces of

peds; very few oxide coats on faces of peds; about

5 percent gravel; few fine prominent grayish brown

(2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

C—62 to 80 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) loam;

massive; friable; about 5 percent gravel; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/8)

redoximorphic concentrations; few fine prominent

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) redoximorphic

depletions; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 50 to 75 inches

Depth to carbonates: 50 to 75 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2
78 Soil Survey of

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—clay loam or loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam or clay loam

BC or C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam

Hanlon Series

Typical Pedon

Hanlon fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded, 250 feet north and 450 feet west

of the southeast corner of sec. 31, T. 92 N., R. 28 W.;

USGS Humboldt, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat.

42 degrees 43 minutes 58 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 11 minutes 23 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) fine sandy loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular

structure; very friable; common fine roots; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

A1—8 to 17 inches; black (10YR 2/1) and very dark

brown (10YR 2/2) fine sandy loam, very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak very fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; very friable;

common medium roots; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

A2—17 to 28 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common medium roots;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

A3—28 to 41 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

dry; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common very fine and fine

roots; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

A4—41 to 49 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) fine

sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common very fine and fine

roots; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw1—49 to 60 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common very fine and fine

roots; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—60 to 71 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry;

weak medium subangular blocky structure; very

friable; common very fine and fine roots; neutral;

gradual smooth boundary.

C—71 to 80 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) sandy

loam; massive; very friable; common very fine and

fine roots; neutral.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 80 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 40 to 71 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—fine sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—sandy loam or fine sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—sandy loam

Harps Series

Typical Pedon

Harps clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 900 feet east

and 1,325 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 7,

T. 91 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Gilmore City, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 42 minutes 48

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 26 minutes 25

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 3

percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately

alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

Ak1—7 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; moderate fine granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 3

percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately

alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

Ak2—12 to 16 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) and

very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1)

dry; weak very fine and fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 3
Humboldt County, Iowa 79

percent gravel; fine prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Bkg1—16 to 25 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

fine roots; about 5 percent gravel; common fine

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and few fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bkg2—25 to 36 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel;

common prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg—36 to 44 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loam; weak

medium prismatic structure; friable; common fine

roots; about 5 percent gravel; common medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg—44 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loam; massive;

friable; common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel;

common fine and medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 30 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 21 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bkg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Havelock Series

Typical Pedon

Havelock clay loam, on a level flood plain in a

cultivated field, in Pocahontas County, Iowa; about 3

miles north and 2 miles east of Laurens; 1,800 feet

north and 120 feet west of the southeast corner of sec.

1, T. 93 N., R. 34 W.

Ap—0 to 9 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (N 3/0) dry; cloddy parting to weak fine and

very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few

fine fragments of snail shells; slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

A1—9 to 13 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam, very dark

gray (N 3/0) dry; weak fine and very fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine

fragments of snail shells; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

A2—13 to 24 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) clay

loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine and

very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few

fine fragments of snail shells; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

A3—24 to 40 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay

loam, gray (5Y 5/1) dry; weak fine and very fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine

fragments of snail shells; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—40 to 53 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) loam; massive;

friable; strongly effervescent; few fine fragments of

snail shells; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg2—53 to 60 inches; gray (5Y 5/1 and 6/1) sandy

loam; common fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) mottles; massive; friable; about 5 percent

gravel; many small and medium white (5Y 8/1)

accumulations (lime); strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 36 inches or more

Calcium carbonate equivalent: About 5 to 20 percent

Other features: Some pedons have subhorizons below

a depth of 24 inches that do not have free

carbonates.

A horizon:

Hue—N, 10YR, or 5Y
80 Soil Survey of

Value—2 in the upper part and 3 in the lower part

Chroma—0 or 1 in the upper part and 1 in the

lower part

Texture—clay loam or silty clay loam; loam and silt

loam included in the upper 10 inches

AC or Bg horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—N, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—clay loam or loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or clay loam in the upper part;

sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, or clay

loam in the lower part

Hawick Series

Typical Pedon

Hawick sandy loam, on a convex slope of 4 percent, in

a cultivated field, in Meeker County, Minnesota; about

4 miles north and 1 mile east of Kingston; 160 feet

north and 100 feet east of the southwest corner of sec.

4, T. 119 N., R. 29 W.; USGS Kingston quadrangle; lat.

45 degrees 8 minutes 21 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 20 minutes 11 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) sandy

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; very friable;

about 12 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Bw—7 to 11 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) gravelly

loamy coarse sand, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; very friable;

about 20 percent gravel; slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

C—11 to 80 inches; light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4)

gravelly coarse sand; single grain; loose; about 30

percent gravel; few soft very pale brown (10YR

8/2) accumulations of calcium carbonate on

underside of gravel and very coarse sand

fragments; strongly effervescent; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Depth to free carbonates: 0 to 30 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 7 to 16 inches

Other features: Some pedons have an AB or AC

horizon.

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, sandy

loam, coarse sandy loam, or the gravelly

analogs of these textures

Reaction—slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loamy sand, loamy coarse sand, coarse

sand, or the gravelly analogs of these textures

Reaction—slightly acid to slightly alkaline

Bk horizon (if it occurs):

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—coarse sand, sand, gravelly coarse

sand, or gravelly sand

Reaction—slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

C horizon:

Hue—2.5Y, 10YR, or 7.5YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—coarse sand, loamy coarse sand, sand,

or the gravelly analogs of these textures

Reaction—slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

Kensett Series

Typical Pedon

Kensett silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 1,400

feet north and 60 feet west of the southeast corner of

sec. 11, T. 91 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Unique, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 42 minutes 24

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 20 minutes 44

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.

A—8 to 14 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

AB—14 to 21 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) clay loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak

very fine and weak fine subangular blocky
Humboldt County, Iowa 81

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid;

gradual smooth boundary.

Bg1—21 to 27 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few fine distinct light olive

brown (2.5Y 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations;

slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bg2—27 to 33 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

and very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy

clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common fine roots;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; friable; neutral;

abrupt wavy boundary.

2R—33 inches; fractured limestone bedrock.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 40 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 24 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—clay loam or sandy clay loam

2R layer:

Kind of bedrock—limestone

Kingston Series

Typical Pedon

Kingston silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 1,850

feet north and 725 feet east of the southwest corner of

sec. 23, T. 92 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Bode, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 46 minutes 00

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 21 minutes 40

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate very fine

and fine granular structure; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A—8 to 18 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate fine

granular structure; friable; common very fine

and fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg1—18 to 25 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

silty clay loam; weak fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common very fine and

fine roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bg2—25 to 44 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

few fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; common fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—44 to 57 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; massive; friable; common very fine and fine

roots; common fine black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; common medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Cg2—57 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; massive; friable; common very fine and fine

roots; common fine and medium black (10YR 2/1)

iron-manganese concretions; common medium

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 44 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 15 to 24 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

C or Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—silt loam

Klossner Series

Typical Pedon

Klossner muck, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes,

2,500 feet north and 300 feet west of the southeast
82 Soil Survey of

corner of sec. 14, T. 92 N., R. 27 W.; USGS Hardy,

Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 45

minutes 47 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 02

minutes 15 seconds W., NAD 27:

Oap—0 to 9 inches; black (N 2/0) muck, dark gray

(10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly alkaline; abrupt

smooth boundary.

Oa1—9 to 26 inches; black (N 2/0) muck, dark gray

(10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Oa2—26 to 36 inches; black (N 2/0) muck, dark gray

(10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; common fine

prominent yellowish brown (7.5YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations in root channels;

slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

2A—36 to 48 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots; common fine prominent yellowish brown

(7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations in root

channels; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline;

gradual smooth boundary.

2C—48 to 60 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; massive; friable;

common fine roots; common fine prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 16 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 16 to 50 inches

Oap or Oa horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—muck

2A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam

2C horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—0 to 2

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, or loam

Knoke Series

Typical Pedon

Knoke mucky silt loam, on a slope of less than 1

percent, in a cultivated field on the bottom of a former

glacial lake, in Calhoun County, Iowa; about 1/2 mile

west of South Twin Lake; 1,440 feet north and 50 feet

west of the southeast corner of sec. 3, T. 88 N., R. 33

W.

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (5Y 2/1) mucky silt loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium platy structure

parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable;

many snail shells; violent effervescence;

moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—8 to 13 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) mucky

silty clay loam, gray (10YR 5/1) dry; weak medium

platy structure; friable; thin brown (7.5YR 5/4)

coats in fine continuous vertical tubular pores;

many snail shells; violent effervescence;

moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A2—13 to 18 inches; black (5Y 2/1) mucky silty clay

loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium

platy structure; friable; many snail shells; thin

brown (7.5YR 5/4) coats in fine continuous vertical

tubular pores; violent effervescence; moderately

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

A3—18 to 33 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; few olive

brown (2.5Y 4/4) (dry) coats in fine continuous

vertical tubular pores; slight effervescence; slightly

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw—33 to 40 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine angular and

subangular blocky structure; friable; few olive

brown (2.5Y 4/4) (dry) coats in fine discontinuous

vertical tubular pores; strong effervescence;

slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

BC—40 to 46 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam,

gray (10YR 5/1) dry; common medium prominent

olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) mottles; weak fine prismatic

structure parting to weak fine subangular blocky;

friable; strong effervescence; slightly alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—46 to 54 inches; gray (5Y 5/1), very dark gray

(5Y 3/1), and dark gray (2.5Y 4/1) silty clay loam;

weak fine prismatic structure; friable; strong

effervescence; moderately alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

Cg2—54 to 63 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

many medium prominent dark yellowish brown
Humboldt County, Iowa 83

(10YR 4/4) mottles; massive; friable; common soft

lime accumulations; strong effervescence;

moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Content of clay in the 10- to 40-inch particle-size

control section: Average of 35 to 40 percent

Content of sand in the 10- to 40-inch particle-size

control section: 15 to 30 percent; mostly fine and

very fine sand

Ap and A horizons:

Hue—5Y or N

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—mucky silt loam, mucky silty clay loam,

or silty clay loam

Reaction—moderately alkaline or slightly alkaline

Bw horizon:

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay

Reaction—moderately alkaline or slightly alkaline

BC horizon:

Hue—N, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam, clay loam, or silty clay

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1

Texture—silty clay loam; thin strata of loam, silt

loam, or clay loam in some pedons

Le Sueur Series

Typical Pedon

Le Sueur loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes, 1,150 feet south

and 910 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 33, T.

92 N., R. 28 W., in Humboldt County, Iowa; USGS

Humboldt, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 42 minutes 44 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 9 minutes 7 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray

(10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; few fine and medium roots; about 1 percent

gravel; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—7 to 12 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; about 1

percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Btg1—12 to 19 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

clay loam; moderate fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; few very fine and fine roots; few

distinct very dark gray (10YR 3/1) organic clay

coats on faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btg2—19 to 29 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

clay loam; moderate fine prismatic structure

parting to moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky; friable; few faint very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) organic clay coats on faces of peds;

about 3 percent rounded gravel; common fine

distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg3—29 to 45 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay

loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to

moderate medium subangular blocky; friable; few

distinct very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organic clay coats on faces of peds; few fine black

(10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; about 3

percent gravel; common fine distinct yellowish

brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic concentrations;

slightly acid; abrupt wavy boundary.

Cg1—45 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; massive; friable;

few medium black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; common fine and medium light gray

(10YR 7/2) carbonate concretions; about 5

percent gravel; few fine and medium prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown

(7.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg2—60 to 80 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and

grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam; massive; friable;

few medium light gray (10YR 7/2) carbonate

concretions; about 5 percent gravel; common fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 48 inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 48 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or clay loam
84 Soil Survey of

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

C horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

Lester Series

Typical Pedon

Lester loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 1,300 feet east and

250 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 11, T. 92

N., R. 28 W.; USGS Livermore, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 46 minutes 36 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 06 minutes 59 seconds W., NAD

27:

A—0 to 6 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray

(10YR 4/1) dry; weak very fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable;

common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

E—6 to 12 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam, light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots; few very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

organic coats on faces of peds; few light gray

(10YR 7/1) (dry) silt coats on faces of peds; about

2 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt1—12 to 17 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam;

moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few dark brown (10YR 3/3)

clay films on faces of peds; very few light gray

(10YR 7/1) (dry) silt coats on faces of peds; about

3 percent gravel; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bt2—17 to 25 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; moderate fine angular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; few dark yellowish

brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of peds;

about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bt3—25 to 34 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; moderate medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common fine roots; few dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay films on faces of

peds; about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bt4—34 to 42 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay

loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting to

weak coarse subangular blocky; friable; common

fine roots; few dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

clay films on faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt wavy boundary.

C1—42 to 64 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; massive; friable; common fine roots; few fine

black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions;

common very pale brown (10YR 8/2) carbonate

concentrations; about 5 percent gravel; common

medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; many fine and

medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C2—64 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; massive; friable; common fine roots; few fine

reddish brown (5YR 4/4) iron-manganese

concretions; common fine very pale brown (10YR

8/2) carbonate concentrations; about 5 percent

gravel; common fine distinct yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; few fine

and medium prominent grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 54 inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 54 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

E horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam

Bt horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—clay loam or loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam
Humboldt County, Iowa 85

Mayer Series

Typical Pedon

Mayer loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2

percent slopes, 1,100 feet south and 50 feet west of

the northeast corner of sec. 15, T. 93 N., R. 27 W.;

USGS Luverne, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 52 minutes 30 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 00 minutes 40 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) loam, very dark gray

(N 3/0) dry; weak fine and medium granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; very slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth

boundary.

A1—8 to 17 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

and medium granular; friable; common fine roots;

slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

A2—17 to 21 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) loam,

dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots; few fine and medium light brownish gray

(10YR 6/2) masses of carbonates; slightly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Bkg1—21 to 25 inches; dark grayish brown (5Y 4/1)

loam; moderate fine and medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; common light brownish

gray (10YR 6/2) carbonate threads; few fine faint

olive gray (5Y 5/2) redoximorphic depletions;

slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear

smooth boundary.

Bkg2—25 to 32 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam; weak

medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; few light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) carbonate masses; common fine prominent

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; slightly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

2Cg1—32 to 38 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) gravelly

sand; single grain; loose; common fine roots;

about 25 percent gravel; common fine prominent

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and few fine prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

2Cg2—38 to 80 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) gravelly

sand; single grain; loose; about 24 percent gravel;

common fine prominent olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 14 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 32 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bkg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or sandy clay loam

2Cg horizon:

Hue—5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2

Texture—gravelly sand, loamy sand, or sand

Content of gravel—10 to 50 percent

Nicollet Series

Typical Pedon

Nicollet loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes, 1,375 feet north

and 250 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 35, T.

91 N., R. 27 W.; USGS Thor, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 38 minutes 56 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 00 minutes 35 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common very fine and fine roots; about 1

percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

A1—9 to 16 inches; black (10YR 2/1) clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; about 1 percent gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

A2—16 to 20 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2)

loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry;

weak very fine and fine subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

about 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg1—20 to 26 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; common very fine and fine roots; about 3

percent gravel; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.
86 Soil Survey of

Bg2—26 to 32 inches; dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2)

loam; weak very fine prismatic structure parting to

weak fine and medium subangular blocky; friable;

common very fine and fine roots; few distinct very

dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats on

faces of peds; few fine black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; about 4 percent rounded

gravel; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

BCg—32 to 36 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

weak fine prismatic structure parting to weak fine

and medium subangular blocky; friable; common

very fine and fine roots; common medium black

(10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; about 5

percent gravel; common fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) and brown (7.5YR 4/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—36 to 48 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

few medium black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; common coarse light gray (10YR 7/2)

carbonate concretions; about 5 percent gravel;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

Cg2—48 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common medium black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; common coarse light

gray (10YR 7/2) carbonate concretions; about 5

percent gravel; common fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent yellowish

red (5YR 4/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 48 inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 48 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

Okoboji Series

Typical Pedon

Okoboji silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent

slopes, 1,950 feet south and 450 feet west of the

northeast corner of sec. 30, T. 91 N., R. 30 W.; USGS

Gilmore City, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 40 minutes 07 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 25 minutes 26 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

granular; friable; common fine roots; slightly

alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

A1—8 to 18 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate very fine and

fine subangular blocky structure parting to

moderate fine granular; friable; few fine roots;

slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

A2—18 to 28 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots;

slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

A3—28 to 36 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular

blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; slightly

alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

Bg1—36 to 40 inches; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) silty

clay, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

common very fine and fine roots; common fine

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Bg2—40 to 51 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; weak very fine prismatic structure parting to

weak medium subangular blocky; firm; common

very fine and fine roots; common fine prominent

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; slightly effervescent; slightly

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

Cg—51 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay

loam; massive; firm; common very fine and fine

roots; common medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) and strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.
Humboldt County, Iowa 87

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 40 to 60 inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 56 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 48 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or mucky silty

clay loam

Bg1 horizon:

Hue—N, 10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam, silty clay, or mucky silty

clay loam

Bg2 horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam or silt loam

Omsrud Series

Taxadjunct features: The Omsrud soils in this survey

area do not have a mollic epipedon.

Typical Pedon

Omsrud loam, in an area of Storden-Omsrud complex,

14 to 18 percent slopes, moderately eroded, 800 feet

north and 700 feet west of the southeast corner of sec.

7, T. 92 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Bradgate, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 47 minutes 35

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 25 minutes 33

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; streaks

and pockets of brown (10YR 4/3) subsoil mixings;

weak fine granular structure; friable; common very

fine and fine roots between peds; about 2 percent

gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bw1—7 to 16 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

very fine and fine roots between peds; many faint

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats

on faces of peds; about 2 percent gravel; neutral;

clear smooth boundary.

Bw2—16 to 24 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) loam; weak medium subangular blocky

structure; friable; common very fine and fine roots

between peds; about 2 percent gravel; neutral;

abrupt wavy boundary.

Bk—24 to 36 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam;

weak very fine prismatic structure parting to weak

medium subangular blocky; friable; common very

fine and fine roots between peds; many fine and

medium very pale brown (10YR 8/2) masses of

carbonate; about 2 percent gravel; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

C1—36 to 57 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine roots; about 5

percent gravel; common fine prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations:

common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C2—57 to 73 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) and

yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; massive; friable;

common very fine roots; about 5 percent gravel;

common fine prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth

boundary.

C3—73 to 80 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; about 5 percent gravel; few fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 18 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 7 to 12 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam or clay loam

Bk horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5
88 Soil Survey of

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—loam

Ridgeport Series

Taxadjunct features: The Ridgeport soil in map unit

823C2 does not have a mollic epipedon.

Typical Pedon

Ridgeport sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 100 feet

west and 600 feet south of the northeast corner of sec.

31, T. 91 N., R. 28 W.; USGS Humboldt, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 11 minutes 18

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 16 minutes 58

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) sandy

loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry;

weak fine and medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; about 3 percent gravel;

neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—8 to 15 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) sandy

loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) dry; weak fine

and medium granular structure; very friable;

common fine roots; about 3 percent gravel;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

BA—15 to 19 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; very

friable; common fine roots; few faint dark brown

(10YR 3/3) organic coats on faces of peds; about

5 percent gravel; neutral; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bw1—19 to 25 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable;

common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel;

neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—25 to 36 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable;

common fine roots; about 7 percent gravel;

neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

2BC—36 to 46 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) and strong

brown (7.5YR 4/6) loamy sand; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; very friable;

about 10 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth

boundary.

2C1—46 to 58 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly

sand; single grain; loose; about 23 percent gravel;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual

smooth boundary.

2C2—58 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly

sand; single grain; loose; about 23 percent gravel;

strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 50 inches

Depth to carbonates: 24 to 50 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 24 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—2

Texture—sandy loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—sandy loam

2BC horizon:

Hue—7.5YR or 10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loamy sand

2C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—gravelly sand

Rolfe Series

Typical Pedon

Rolfe silt loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes,

500 feet south and 620 feet east of the northwest

corner of sec. 6, T. 91 N., R. 29 W.; USGS Unique,

Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 43

minutes 55 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 19

minutes 25 seconds W., NAD 27:

A—0 to 10 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silt loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common prominent strong brown (7.5YR

5/6) iron coats in root channels; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Eg1—10 to 13 inches; dark gray (10YR 4/1) silt loam,

gray (10YR 6/1) dry; moderate thin platy structure;
Humboldt County, Iowa 89

friable; common medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; moderately

acid; clear smooth boundary.

Eg2—13 to 21 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) silt loam, light

gray (10YR 7/1) dry; moderate thick platy

structure; friable; few prominent patchy very dark

gray (5Y 3/1) organic coats on faces of peds; few

fine distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) iron

concentrations; moderately acid; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Btg1—21 to 27 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) silty

clay, dark gray (5Y 4/1) dry; strong fine and

medium angular blocky structure; firm; thin

discontinuous silt coats on faces of peds; few fine

prominent brown (7.5YR 5/4) iron concentrations;

moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg2—27 to 32 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) silty clay;

strong fine prismatic structure parting to strong

fine angular blocky; firm; thin continuous very dark

gray (5Y 3/1) clay films on faces of peds; common

fine prominent strong brown (10YR 4/6) iron

concentrations; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

Btg3—32 to 40 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) silty clay;

strong fine prismatic structure; friable; thin

discontinuous very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay films on

faces of peds; few fine dark slightly hard

accumulations (oxides); common medium

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) iron

concentrations; neutral; gradual smooth boundary.

Btg4—40 to 55 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) silty clay;

moderate medium prismatic structure; firm; thin

patchy very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay films on faces

of peds; few fine slightly hard dark accumulations

(oxides); common medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; neutral;

clear smooth boundary.

2BCg—55 to 71 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) clay

loam; weak medium prismatic structure; friable;

few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1) clay films in

root channels; few fine slightly hard dark

accumulations (oxides); about 2 percent gravel;

many fine and medium prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/4) iron concentrations; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

2Cg—71 to 80 inches; light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2)

loam; massive; friable; few fine slightly hard dark

accumulations (oxides); about 2 percent gravel;

common fine and medium prominent yellowish

brown (10YR 5/6) iron concentrations; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 36 to 75 inches

Depth to carbonates: 60 or more inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 16 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1

Texture—silt loam or loam

Eg horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silt loam or loam

Btg1 horizon:

Hue—10YR, 2.5Y, or 5Y

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1

Texture—silty clay or clay

Btg2, Btg3, and Btg4 horizons:

Hue—5Y or 2.5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay or clay

2BCg or Cg horizon:

Hue—5Y or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2

Texture—clay loam or loam

Spillville Series

Typical Pedon

Spillville loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally

flooded, 2,400 feet south and 250 feet east of the

northwest corner of sec. 21, T. 93 N., R. 28 W.; USGS

Livermore, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 51 minutes 23 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 10 minutes 05 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 9 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

brown (10YR 2/2) and very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; many very fine and fine roots; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

A1—9 to 20 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

grayish brown (10YR 3/2) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; many very fine and fine roots;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

A2—20 to 28 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2)

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

very fine and fine subangular blocky structure;
90 Soil Survey of

friable; common very fine and fine roots; slightly

acid; clear smooth boundary.

A3—28 to 40 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) and

very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak very fine and

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

very fine and fine roots; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

A4—40 to 53 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2)

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

very fine and fine roots; neutral; clear smooth

boundary.

C1—53 to 66 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) loam; massive; friable; common very fine and

fine roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

C2—66 to 71 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) and dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral; abrupt

smooth boundary.

Cg1—71 to 77 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2)

and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

thin strata of loamy material in the lower part of

the horizon; few fine prominent brown (7.5YR 5/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly alkaline;

abrupt smooth boundary.

Cg2—77 to 80 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR

4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 36 to 56 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 36 or more

inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

C and Cg horizons:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—2 to 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam or sandy loam

Storden Series

Typical Pedon

Storden loam, in an area of Storden-Omsrud complex,

9 to 14 percent slopes, moderately eroded, 2,250 feet

north and 1,500 feet east of the southwest corner of

sec. 2, T. 92 N., R. 30 W.; USGS Bode, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 48 minutes 42

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 21 minutes 32

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark grayish

brown (10YR 4/2) loam, light brownish gray (10YR

6/2) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure

parting to weak fine granular; friable; common

very fine and fine roots; very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) organic coats on faces of peds; about

3 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bk—7 to 11 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) loam; weak medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; common very

fine and fine roots; few fine and medium light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) masses of carbonates;

about 4 percent gravel; common fine and medium

faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C1—11 to 31 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

loam; massive; friable; common very fine and fine

roots; about 5 percent gravel; common fine and

medium distinct brown (7.5YR 4/4) and common

fine and medium prominent strong brown (7.5YR

4/6) redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

C2—31 to 42 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; about 5 percent gravel; common fine

distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and

common fine and medium prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.

C3—42 to 60 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam;

massive; friable; common very fine and fine roots;

common fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; about 5 percent gravel; common fine

distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) and
Humboldt County, Iowa 91

common fine and medium prominent dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; slightly

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 7 to 12 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—2 or 3

Texture—loam

Bk horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam

Sunburg Series

Typical Pedon

Sunburg loam, on a convex, north-facing slope of 10

percent, in a hayfield at an elevation of 1,205 feet, in

Kandiyohi County, Minnesota; about 4 miles north and

1.5 miles west of Willmar; 2,640 feet west and 140 feet

north of the southeast corner of sec. 21, T. 120 N., R.

35 W.; USGS Solomon Lake quadrangle; lat. 45

degrees 10 minutes 56 seconds N. and long. 95

degrees 04 minutes 20 seconds W., NAD 27:

Apk—0 to 8 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam, light

brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; very friable;

many fine roots; about 8 percent gravel; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth

boundary.

Bk—8 to 20 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy

loam; weak medium platy structure; very friable;

common very fine roots; common threads and

masses of calcium carbonate; about 10 percent

gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline;

gradual wavy boundary.

C—20 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fine

sandy loam; weak medium platelike soil

fragments; very friable; few threads and masses of

calcium carbonate; common medium prominent

strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) relict Fe concentrations

and light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) relict Fe

depletions; about 12 percent gravel; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Content of sand in the control section: 40 to 60

percent

Content of noncarbonate clay in the control section: 10

to 18 percent

Content of carbonate clay in the control section:

Dominantly 1 to 8 percent; 1 to 22 percent in some

thin subhorizons

Content of rock fragments in the control section: 2 to

15 percent by volume

Other features: Some pedons have an AB horizon.

Apk or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Bk horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam

Terril Series

Typical Pedon

Terril loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 1,600 feet north and

450 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 19, T. 91

N., R. 28 W.; USGS Humboldt, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 40 minutes 50 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 11 minutes 25 seconds W., NAD

27:

A1—0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable;

common fine and medium roots; moderately acid;

abrupt smooth boundary.
92 Soil Survey of

A2—8 to 15 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky

structure parting to weak fine granular; friable;

common fine roots; moderately acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

A3—15 to 24 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark

grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak coarse

subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine

subangular blocky; friable; common fine roots;

moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

A4—24 to 31 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak coarse subangular blocky structure

parting to weak fine subangular blocky; friable;

common fine roots; common faint discontinuous

very dark brown (10YR 2/2) organic coats on

faces of peds; moderately acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

BA—31 to 41 inches; dark brown (10YR 3/3) loam,

brown (10YR 4/3) dry: weak fine and medium

subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots;

common faint discontinuous very dark grayish

brown (10YR 3/2) organic coats on faces of peds;

moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw1—41 to 49 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak

fine and medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; common faint

discontinuous dark brown (10YR 3/3) organic

coats on faces of peds; slightly acid; gradual

smooth boundary.

Bw2—49 to 58 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common

fine roots; very few faint dark brown (10YR 3/3)

organic coats on faces of peds; few light gray

(10YR 7/2) (dry) silt coats on faces of peds; few

fine black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese

concretions; slightly acid; gradual smooth

boundary.

BC—58 to 70 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; weak

fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few light

gray (10YR 7/2) (dry) silt coats on faces of peds;

few strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) iron masses; slightly

acid; gradual smooth boundary.

C—70 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) loam; massive;

friable; few fine distinct olive brown (2.5Y 4/4)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly acid.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 36 to 72 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 24 to 45 inches

Depth to carbonates: 50 to more than 80 inches

A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

BA or Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 or 4

Chroma—3 or 4

Texture—loam

BC or C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam

Truman Series

Typical Pedon

Truman silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 150 feet west

and 300 feet south of the northeast corner of sec. 36,

T. 92 N., R. 28 W.; USGS Humboldt, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 44 minutes 43 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 10 minutes 10 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) and very dark

brown (10YR 2/2) silt loam, dark grayish brown

(10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—7 to 11 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) silty

clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry;

weak fine and medium granular structure; very

friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

AB—11 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) and dark brown (10YR 3/3) silty clay loam,

dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak very fine

subangular blocky structure; very friable; common

fine roots; moderately acid; clear smooth

boundary.

Bw1—16 to 27 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine

subangular blocky structure; very friable; common

fine roots; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary.

Bw2—27 to 36 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) and dark

yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) silt loam; weak fine

prismatic structure parting to weak fine

subangular blocky; very friable; common fine

roots; slightly acid; diffuse smooth boundary.

Bw3—36 to 45 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) silt loam; weak fine prismatic structure parting

to weak fine and medium subangular blocky; very

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; clear

smooth boundary.
Humboldt County, Iowa 93

BC—45 to 51 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) silt

loam; weak medium prismatic structure parting to

weak medium and coarse subangular blocky; very

friable; common coarse prominent dark reddish

brown (5YR 3/4) redoximorphic concentrations;

common fine distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; neutral; gradual smooth

boundary.

Cg—51 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt

loam; massive; very friable; common medium

prominent dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) and

common medium prominent brown (7.5YR 4/4)

iron masses; common medium light gray (10YR

7/2) carbonate concretions; common fine distinct

light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) and common fine

prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 18 to 56 inches

Depth to carbonates: 18 to 56 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 18 inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—silt loam or silty clay loam

BC or C horizon:

Hue—10YR or 2.5Y

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 to 6

Texture—silt loam

Wacousta Series

Typical Pedon

Wacousta silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent

slopes, 1,500 feet north and 150 feet east of the

southwest corner of sec. 6, T. 92 N., R. 29 W.; USGS

Bode, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees

48 minutes 27 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 19

minutes 40 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine and medium

granular structure; friable; many fine and medium

roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

A—8 to 17 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, dark

gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak medium subangular

blocky structure; friable; many fine and medium

roots; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.

Bg—17 to 25 inches; dark gray (5Y 4/1) silty clay

loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure;

friable; many fine and medium roots; common fine

prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Cg1—25 to 41 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam; massive;

friable; common fine and medium roots; few fine

rounded light gray (10YR 7/2) carbonate

concretions; common medium prominent yellowish

red (5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg2—41 to 59 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silt loam; massive;

friable; few fine and medium roots; few fine dark

(10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions; few fine

rounded light gray (10YR 7/2) carbonate

concretions; common coarse prominent strong

brown (7.5YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg3—59 to 80 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) silt

loam; massive; friable; thin strata of loam and

sandy loam at a depth of 60 to 67 inches; few fine

and medium rounded light gray (10YR 7/2)

carbonate concretions; common coarse prominent

yellowish red (5YR 5/8) redoximorphic

concentrations; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 10 to 25 inches

Depth to carbonates: 12 to 25 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 8 to 18 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam or mucky silt loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y
94 Soil Survey of

Value—5 or 6

Chroma—2 or 1

Texture—silt loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or

loam

Wadena Series

Typical Pedon

Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to

2 percent slopes, 650 feet north and 2,200 feet west of

the southeast corner of sec. 11, T. 93 N., R. 27 W.;

USGS Corwith, Iowa, topographic quadrangle; lat. 42

degrees 52 minutes 45 seconds N. and long. 93

degrees 59 minutes 57 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—7 to 14 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray

(10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine granular and weak fine

subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine

roots; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw1—14 to 21 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) sandy clay

loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; common fine roots; few black (10YR 2/1)

coats on faces of peds; moderately acid; clear

smooth boundary.

Bw2—21 to 29 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

sandy clay loam; moderate medium subangular

blocky and weak fine subangular blocky structure;

friable; few fine roots; few very dark grayish brown

(10YR 3/2) coats in root channels; about 5 percent

gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

BC—29 to 36 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

gravelly sandy loam; moderate medium

subangular blocky and weak fine subangular

blocky structure; friable; about 20 percent gravel;

slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

2C1—36 to 46 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) very gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose;

about 58 percent gravel; strongly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

2C2—46 to 76 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR

4/4) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravelly

loamy sand; single grain; loose; about 51 percent

gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline;

clear smooth boundary.

2C3—76 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose; about 15

percent gravel; slightly effervescent; moderately

alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 32 to 40 inches

Depth to carbonates: 32 to 40 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 12 to 24 inches

Depth to contrasting material: 32 to 40 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Bw horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—loam, sandy clay loam, or sandy loam

BC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam

2C horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—2 to 4

Texture—gravelly loam sand, loamy sand, or sand

Content of gravel—5 to 60 percent

Webster Series

Typical Pedon

Webster silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, 2,250

feet north and 2,400 feet west of the southeast corner

of sec. 5, T. 92 N., R. 28 W.; USGS Livermore, Iowa,

topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 48 minutes 36

seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 10 minutes 42

seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, black

(10YR 2/1) dry; weak fine granular structure;

friable; common fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

A—7 to 13 inches; black (10YR 2/1) silty clay loam,

very dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak fine granular

structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

AB—13 to 18 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) clay

loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; about 15 percent

of the total volume is black (N 2/0) krotovina; weak

very fine subangular blocky and weak medium
Humboldt County, Iowa 95

granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

common fine faint olive gray (5Y 4/2)

redoximorphic depletions; neutral; clear wavy

boundary.

Bg1—18 to 26 inches; olive gray (5Y 4/2) clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; common faint very dark gray

(5Y 3/1) organic coats on faces of peds; about 2

percent gravel; common fine prominent brown

(7.5YR 5/4) and common medium faint olive (5Y

5/3) redoximorphic concentrations; neutral; clear

smooth boundary.

Bg2—26 to 33 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) clay loam;

weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; about 2 percent gravel;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) and common fine faint olive (5Y 5/3)

redoximorphic concentrations; slightly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg1—33 to 45 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; common fine roots; common fine

black (10YR 2/1) iron-manganese concretions;

common fine and medium very pale brown (10YR

8/2) carbonate masses; about 3 percent gravel;

common fine prominent light olive brown (2.5Y

5/6) and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth

boundary.

Cg2—45 to 60 inches; olive gray (5Y 5/2) loam;

massive; friable; few fine black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese concretions; common fine and

medium very pale brown (10YR 8/2) carbonate

concretions; about 3 percent gravel; many medium

prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6)

redoximorphic concentrations; strongly

effervescent; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 24 to 42 inches

Depth to carbonates: 24 to 42 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 14 to 20 inches

Ap, A, or AB horizon:

Hue—N, 10YR, or 5Y

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam

Bg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—clay loam or silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—2.5Y or 5Y

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—1 or 2

Texture—loam

Zenor Series

Taxadjunct features: The Zenor soils in map units

828C2 and 829D2 do not have a mollic epipedon.

Typical Pedon

Zenor sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, 700 feet east

and 1,750 feet south of the northwest corner of sec. 3,

T. 93 N., R. 27 W.; USGS Luverne, Iowa, topographic

quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 54 minutes 15 seconds N.

and long. 94 degrees 01 minute 45 seconds W., NAD

27:

Ap—0 to 7 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) sandy

loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak

fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots;

about 5 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt

smooth boundary.

AB—7 to 15 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR

3/2) sandy loam, brown (10YR 4/3) dry; weak fine

and medium subangular blocky structure; friable;

common fine roots; about 5 percent gravel;

moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.

Bw—15 to 27 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4)

sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common fine roots; about 5

percent gravel; slightly acid; clear smooth

boundary.

BC—27 to 33 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4)

sandy loam; weak fine subangular blocky

structure; very friable; common very fine and fine

roots; about 7 percent gravel; slightly effervescent;

slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C1—33 to 41 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) loamy sand;

single grain; loose; common very fine and fine

roots; about 7 percent gravel; slightly effervescent;

moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C2—41 to 54 inches; strong brown (7.5YR 4/6)

gravelly loamy sand; single grain; loose; about 17

percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately

alkaline; clear smooth boundary.

C3—54 to 59 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4)

sandy loam; massive; very friable; common fine
96

light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) carbonate threads;

common fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR

5/6) redoximorphic concentrations; common

fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; violently

effervescent; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth

boundary.

C4—59 to 69 inches; olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) and light

olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) gravelly loamy sand; single

grain; loose; strongly effervescent; about 17

percent gravel; moderately alkaline; abrupt smooth

boundary.

C5—69 to 80 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam;

massive; very friable; common very fine and fine

pores; common fine black (10YR 2/1) ironmanganese masses in joints; about 7 percent

gravel; common fine prominent yellowish brown

(10YR 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

common fine prominent grayish brown (10YR 5/2)

redoximorphic depletions; violently effervescent;

moderately alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 20 to 40 inches

Depth to carbonates: 20 to 40 inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 10 to 16 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—2 or 3

Chroma—1 to 3

Texture—sandy loam

Bw or BC horizon:

Hue—10YR

Value—4 or 5

Chroma—3 to 6

Texture—sandy loam or loamy sand

C horizon:

Hue—7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y

Value—4 to 6

Chroma—4 to 6

Texture—loam, sandy loam, gravelly sand, or

gravelly loamy sand

Zook Series

Typical Pedon

Zook silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes,

occasionally flooded, 400 feet south and 2,500 feet

east of the northwest corner of sec. 6, T. 93 N., R. 28

W.; USGS St. Joseph, Iowa, topographic quadrangle;

lat. 42 degrees 54 minutes 26 seconds N. and long. 94

degrees 11 minutes 55 seconds W., NAD 27:

Ap—0 to 8 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay loam, very

dark gray (10YR 3/1) dry; moderate very fine and

fine granular structure; friable; common very fine

and fine roots; neutral; clear smooth boundary.

A—8 to 27 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay, very dark

gray (10YR 3/1) dry; weak very fine and fine

subangular blocky structure; firm; common very

fine and fine roots; neutral; gradual smooth

boundary.

Bg1—27 to 38 inches; black (N 2/0) silty clay, very

dark gray (N 3/0) dry; weak fine prismatic

structure parting to moderate fine subangular

blocky; firm; common very fine and fine roots;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Bg2—38 to 48 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) silty

clay loam, gray (5Y 4/1) dry; weak fine and

medium subangular blocky structure; firm;

common very fine and fine roots; slightly acid;

clear smooth boundary.

Cg1—48 to 62 inches; very dark gray (5Y 3/1) silty

clay; massive; firm; common very fine and fine

roots; common fine and medium distinct olive (5Y

5/4) and common fine and medium prominent

olive (5Y 5/6) redoximorphic concentrations;

neutral; clear smooth boundary.

Cg2—62 to 80 inches; gray (5Y 5/1) silty clay loam;

massive; firm; common very fine and fine roots;

very few prominent black (10YR 2/1) organic coats

in root channels; slightly alkaline.

Range in Characteristics

Thickness of the solum: 45 to 60 inches

Depth to carbonates: 50 or more inches

Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 36 to 50 inches

Ap or A horizon:

Hue—N or 10YR

Value—2

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay

Bg horizon:

Hue—N, 10YR, or 5Y

Value—2 to 4

Chroma—0 or 1

Texture—silty clay or silty clay loam

Cg horizon:

Hue—10YR or 5Y

Value—3 to 5

Chroma—1

Texture—silty clay loam or silty clay
97

This section describes the factors of soil formation

and the major processes involved in the differentiation

of horizons in the soils.

Factors of Soil Formation

Soil forms through processes that act on deposited

or accumulated geologic material. The characteristics

of the soil at any given point are determined by five

major soil-forming factors (Jenny, 1941). These are the

physical and mineralogical composition of the parent

material; the climate under which the soil material has

accumulated and existed since accumulation; the plant

and animal life on and in the soil; the relief, or lay of

the land; and the length of time that the forces of soil

formation have acted on the soil material. Human

activities also affect soil formation.

Climate and plant and animal life, chiefly plants, are

the active factors of soil formation. They act on the

parent material that has accumulated through the

weathering of rocks and slowly change it into a natural

body that has genetically related horizons. The effects

of climate and plant and animal life are conditioned by

relief. The parent material also affects the kind of

profile that can be formed and in extreme cases

determines it almost entirely. Finally, time is needed for

the changing of parent material into a soil. The length

of time varies, but some time always is required for the

differentiation of soil horizons. A long period of time

generally is required for the development of distinct

horizons.

The factors of soil formation are so closely

interrelated in their effects on the soil that few

generalizations can be made regarding the effect of

any one factor unless conditions are specified for the

others.

Climate

The soils in Humboldt County formed under a

variety of climatic conditions (Kemmis and others,

1981; Ruhe, 1956). In the post-Cary glaciation period,

13,800 to 10,500 years ago, the climate was cool and

the vegetation was dominantly conifers. During the

period beginning about 10,500 years ago and ending

about 8,000 years ago, a warming trend changed the

vegetation from conifers to mixed hardwoods.

Beginning about 8,000 years ago, the climate became

warmer and drier and herbaceous prairie vegetation

was dominant. A change from a dry climate to a more

moist one began about 3,000 years ago (Walker,

1966). The soils in the county formed under the

influence of this subhumid, midcontinental climate.

Because it is nearly uniform throughout the survey

area, the climate has not resulted in major differences

among the soils in the county. The influence of the

general climate of the region, however, is modified by

local conditions. For example, soils on south-facing

slopes formed under a microclimate that is warmer

and drier than the average climate in nearby areas.

The climate under which poorly drained or very poorly

drained soils in the lower areas or in depressions have

been forming is wetter and colder than that in most of

the surrounding areas.

Climate indirectly affects soil formation through the

effects of temperature and other climatic factors on the

plant and animal life on and in the soil. Changes in

temperature activate the weathering of parent material

by water and air. As the parent material weathers,

changes caused by physical and chemical actions

take place. Rainfall affects the amount of leaching in

the soil and the kinds of plants that grow on the soil.

Living Organisms

Plant and animal life are important factors of soil

formation. Plants are especially significant. As plants

grow and die, they add organic material to the upper

layers of the soil material. Native grasses have a

myriad of fibrous roots that penetrate the soil to a

depth of 10 to 20 inches and add large amounts of

organic material to the surface layer. Trees commonly

feed on plant nutrients deep in the subsoil.

Consequently, they add little organic material to the

surface layer other than that added by fallen leaves

and dead trees. Much of the organic material from

dead trees remains on the surface.

Most of the soils in Humboldt County formed under

prairie grasses or a mixture of prairie grasses and

water-tolerant plants. Some of the soils formed under

Formation of the Soils
98 Soil Survey of

a cover of water-tolerant plants. Clarion and Nicollet

soils formed under prairie grasses. Webster and

Canisteo soils formed under prairie grasses and

water-tolerant plants. Okoboji, Klossner, and Wacousta

soils formed under water-tolerant plants. Lester soils

formed under a mixture of trees and prairie grasses.

Soils that formed under prairie grasses contain a large

amount of organic matter derived from roots and have

a dark surface layer that is 10 to 20 inches thick. Soils

that formed under a mixture of trees and prairie

grasses have a dark surface layer that generally is

less than 10 inches thick. If the surface layer and

subsurface layer of these soils are mixed by plowing,

the newly formed surface layer is lighter colored than

that of soils that formed under prairie grasses. Lester

soils have properties of soils that formed entirely

under prairie grasses and soils that formed entirely

under forest vegetation. They have properties of a true

forest soil, but they also have a surface layer that is

thicker than that of a true forest soil.

All living organisms, including vegetation, animals,

bacteria, and fungi, affect soil formation. The

vegetation chiefly determines the color of the surface

layer and the content of organic matter and nutrients in

the soil. Earthworms and burrowing animals help to

keep the soil open and porous. Bacteria and fungi

decompose the vegetation and thereby release plant

nutrients.

Topography

Relief indirectly affects soil formation through its

effect on drainage, runoff, and erosion. More water

runs off the steeper slopes than in other areas, and

less percolates into the soil. The higher runoff rate

results in less leaching of carbonates and less

movement of clay from the surface horizon into the B

horizon. The susceptibility to erosion increases as the

slope increases. Much of Humboldt County is nearly

level to gently rolling, but small areas are rolling to

very steep.

Slope aspect affects soil formation. South-facing

slopes, for example, generally are warmer and drier

than north-facing slopes. As a result, they support a

different kind of vegetation.

The moderately sloping to very steep Storden soils,

the gently sloping to strongly sloping Clarion soils, and

the very gently sloping Nicollet soils, all of which

formed in the same kind of parent material and under

similar vegetation, differ from each other as a result of

differences in topographic position. The thickness and

color of the A horizon and the thickness of the solum

in these soils are affected by the slope. In the less

sloping areas, the A horizon and the solum are thicker

and the A horizon is darker than those of soils in other

areas.

The nearly level or depressional soils in the county

commonly have a gray or mottled subsoil because of

poor aeration and restricted drainage. Webster and

Okoboji soils are examples. In the depressional

Okoboji soils, water is periodically impounded on the

surface for weeks or months at a time. Rolfe soils are

also examples of depressional soils that impound

water and are very poorly drained. As the depressional

Rolfe soils formed, the impounded water percolated

through the surface layer and clay-sized soil particles

were removed and deposited in the subsoil. This

movement of clay accelerated the formation of these

soils. Rolfe soils have a distinct silty, light-colored

subsurface layer and a gray, clayey subsoil. These

soils occur mostly in the southwestern part of

Humboldt County where the limestone bedrock is

close to the surface.

The microrelief of the nearly level Coland and

Spillville soils on bottom land affects runoff, depth to

the water table, and the rate at which new sediments

are deposited. Coland soils are in low positions on the

landscape, generally some distance from the major

stream channels. They are poorly drained and

impound water for short periods. Spillville soils are

higher on the landscape than the Coland soils, are

better drained, and are less clayey. Spillville soils are

closer to the stream channel than the Coland soils.

Parent Material

The accumulation of parent material is the first step

in the formation of a soil. Most soils formed in material

that was transported from the site of the parent

material and redeposited at a new location through the

action of glacial ice, water, wind, or gravity.

The principal kinds of parent material in Humboldt

County are glacial drift, alluvium, and eolian sands. A

few soils formed in thin deposits of loamy sediments

overlying limestone bedrock.

The survey area was subject to three major stages

of glaciation—the Nebraskan, Kansan, and Wisconsin.

The Nebraskan and Kansan glacial episodes have

been generally grouped into the pre-Illinioan glacial

period.

The county is within the area covered by the Des

Moines Lobe of the Late Wisconsin Glacial Substage

known as the Cary Substage (Ruhe, 1969).

Radiocarbon dates indicate that Cary till was

deposited about 13,800 years ago (Kim, 1982; Ruhe,

1956; Ruhe and others, 1957). The youth of the Cary
Humboldt County, Iowa 99

Substage is indicated by a poorly developed surface

drainage system and by numerous closed

depressions.

Glacial drift is rock material transported and

deposited by glacial ice, including the material sorted

by meltwater. It includes glacial till, glacial sediments,

and glacial outwash. Glacial till is unsorted sediment in

which particles range in size from boulders to clay

(Kemmis and others, 1981). Glacial sediments are the

loamy materials that have been sorted to some extent

by water. The fact that these sediments are in potholes

or in other low areas indicates that some of the sorting

and deposition has occurred since the time of

glaciation as well as during the Ice Age. Glacial

outwash is the sandy and gravelly material sorted by

glacial meltwater and deposited in valleys or in other

areas where water was concentrated.

Clarion, Nicollet, Lester, and Storden soils formed

in glacial till. Canisteo, Harps, and Webster soils that

are in the lower areas on the landscape formed in

loamy sediments and glacial till. Calcousta, Okoboji,

and Wacousta soils formed in alluvial sediments

derived from till that in many places washed in from

nearby slopes. Zenor soils formed in glacial drift.

Alluvium is sediment deposited by water along

major and minor streams and upland drainageways

and on terraces. Coland, Hanlon, Spillville, and Zook

soils formed in alluvium on bottom land that is subject

to flooding. The texture of the alluvium varies widely

because of the differences in the material from which it

was derived and the manner in which it was deposited.

Alluvium that has been transported only a short

distance is called local alluvium.

Local alluvium retains many of the characteristics of

the soils from which it was transported. Terril soils

formed in local alluvium and/or colluvium, which is

material deposited at the base of steep slopes. These

soils are generally at the base of slopes, below the

soils that formed in glacial till. They have textures

similar to those of the soils that are on the higher

slopes.

Biscay, Cylinder, Mayer, Ridgeport, and Wadena

soils formed in loamy alluvium underlain by sand and

gravel. These soils are mainly on terraces near

streams, but some are in the lower areas in the

uplands. The material in which these soils formed

probably was deposited by the meltwater from the

receding Cary Glacial Substage.

The thickness of the glacial drift over bedrock

ranges from 110 feet in the northeast corner of the

county to 15 feet in the southwest corner (Palmquist

and Bible, 1974). In a few isolated areas in the

southwestern part of the county, the limestone is as

shallow as 10 to 40 inches. Copaston soils have 10 to

20 inches of loamy sediments over limestone, and

Kensett soils have 20 to 40 inches of loamy sediments

over limestone. The limestone bedrock has little

influence on the hydrology of the soils, except in the

southwestern part of the county. The soils in this part

of the county are Clarion, Garmore, and Rolfe soils.

Clarion and Garmore soils are moderately well

drained, and Rolfe soils are in depressions and are

very poorly drained.

Eolian material is sandy textured material deposited

by wind. Dickinson soils formed in eolian sand.

Dickinson soils are not extensive in Humboldt County.

They are in the uplands along the east and west forks

of the Des Moines River. They are on the east side of

the river, which would be the leeward side of the river

to the prevailing northwesterly winds.

Time

The passage of time enables relief, climate, and

plant and animal life to bring about changes in the

parent material. If these factors are active for long

periods, very similar kinds of soil can form in widely

different kinds of parent material, but formation

generally is interrupted by geologic events that expose

new parent material. In Humboldt County, new parent

material has been added to the upland at least four

times (Ruhe, 1956). The bedrock was twice covered

by glacial till, and then loess was deposited. Another

glacier has subsequently deposited the present

surface material.

Geologically, the soils of Humboldt County are

young (Ruhe, 1956; Ruhe and others, 1957). The

radiocarbon technique for determining the age of

carbonaceous material found in till has made it

possible to determine the approximate age of the soils

and the Pleistocene deposits in Iowa. The Cary

Substage of the Late Wisconsin Glaciation has been

determined to be about 13,000 years old. All of the

soils that formed in Cary drift in Iowa are no more than

13,000 years old. In much of Iowa, including Humboldt

County, geologic erosion has beveled and in places

removed material from side slopes and deposited new

sediments downslope (Walker, 1966). The surfaces of

nearly level upland divides are older than the slopes

that truncate the divides. Thus, the soils on these side

slopes, such as Clarion and Lester soils, are less than

13,000 years old. Further dating and research indicate

that these soils are less than 3,000 years old (Walker,

1966). The sediments that were washed from the side

slopes accumulated downslope. These sediments

would have been deposited on the depressional soils,

such as Okoboji and Wacousta soils. Some of the

alluvium that was deposited at the base of steep side
100

slopes and on the flood plains along the major rivers

and streams is less than 3,000 years old (Walker,

1966). Coland, Spillville, and Terril soils are examples

of soils that formed in this alluvium.

Processes of Horizon

Differentiation

Most of the soils in Humboldt County have weakly

expressed horizons. Examples are Canisteo, Storden,

and Webster soils. Rolfe and Lester soils have strongly

expressed horizons. Some soils are characterized by

a marked difference in texture between the solum and

the underlying 2C horizon. Examples of these soils are

Biscay, Cylinder, and Wadena soils.

The processes of horizon differentiation include the

accumulation of organic matter, the leaching of

calcium carbonates and other bases, the formation

and translocation of silicate clay minerals, the

accumulation of calcium carbonates, and the transfer

of iron. In most of the soils in the county, two or more

of these processes have been responsible for the

differentiation of horizons.

In most of the soils, some organic matter has

accumulated in the A horizon. If the A horizon formed

in organic deposits, it has a high content of organic

matter. Examples of mineral soils that have a thick A

horizon and a high content of organic matter are

Canisteo, Coland, Okoboji, and Webster soils. Examples

of soils that have a thin A horizon and a low content of

organic matter are Storden and Omsrud soils. Clarion

and Wadena soils have a moderately thick A horizon

and a moderate content of organic matter.

Leaching of calcium carbonates and other bases

has occurred in many of the soils in Humboldt County.

This process generally occurs before and during the

translocation of silicate clay minerals. Many of the

soils, including Clarion and Nicollet soils, have been

leached of calcium carbonates only in the upper part.

Little clay has been moved downward in the profile in

these soils. Rolfe soils generally are more strongly

leached than the Clarion and Nicollet soils and have

a distinct accumulation of silicate clay in the B

horizon.

The translocation of silicate clay minerals has

contributed to the prominent horizonation of Rolfe

soils. The B horizon contains more clay than the A

horizon and, in many areas, has dark clay coatings on

the faces of peds and along root channels. The

eluviated E horizon has platy structure, contains less

clay than the B horizon, and is lighter colored,

especially when dry. In Rolfe soils the leaching of

bases and the translocation of clay have been more

important processes of horizon differentiation than the

accumulation of organic matter.

Calcium carbonates have accumulated in the

surface layer and subsoil of Canisteo and Harps soils,

which have weakly expressed horizons. The calcium

carbonate equivalent of Harps soils is 20 to 40

percent.

Gleying, which is a result of the reduction and

transfer of iron, is evident in poorly drained and very

poorly drained soils. Biscay, Canisteo, Harps, Okoboji,

and Webster soils have a gleyed Bg horizon. This

horizon is grayish. Some soils have reddish brown

concentrations of iron.
101

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2000.

Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and

testing. 20th edition, 2 volumes.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2001. Standard classification of

soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D 2487-00.

Goudy/Burk Census Services. Iowa’s counties: Humboldt. Iowa State University Press.

Historical Publishing Company. 1903. A history of Iowa and Humboldt County.

Volume 1, part 2.

Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and Iowa State University. 1997.

Yields and acres per farm. Annual Report.

Jenny, Hans. 1941. Factors of soil formation.

Kemmis, Timothy J., G.R. Halberg, and A.J. Luttengger. 1981. Depositional environment

of glacial sediments and landforms on the Des Moines Lobe, Iowa. Iowa Geological

Survey, Guidebook Series 6.

Kim, Hyung Keun. 1982. Late glacial and postglacial pollen studies from Zuehl farm

site, north-central Iowa, and the Cattail Channel Bog, northwestern Illinois. Master’s

thesis, University of Iowa.

Palmquist, R.C., and G. Bible. 1974. Bedrock topography beneath the Des Moines Lobe

drift sheet, north-central Iowa. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, volume

81, number 4.

Richlen, E.M., S.M. Smith, and D.F. Slusher. 1961. Soil survey of Humboldt County,

Iowa. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.

Ruhe, Robert V. 1956. Ages and the development of the soil landscapes in relation to

climatic and vegetational changes in Iowa. Soil Science Society of America

Proceedings 20.

Ruhe, Robert V. 1969. Quaternary landscapes in Iowa. Iowa State University Press.

Ruhe, Robert V., Meyer Rubin, and W.H. Scholtes. 1957. Late Pleistocene radiocarbon

chronology in Iowa. American Journal of Science, volume 225.

Ruhe, Robert V., and P.H. Walker. 1968. Hillslope models and soil formation: I, Open

systems. Transactions of the 9th International Congress of Soil Science, Adelaide,

Australia, volume 4, pp. 551-560.

References
102

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S.

Department of Agriculture Handbook 18.

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making

and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436.

United States Department of Agriculture. 1961. Land capability classification. Soil

Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210.

Walker, P.H. 1966. Post glacial environments in relation to landscape and soils on the

Cary Drift. Iowa State University, Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment

Station Resources Bulletin 549.
103

Aeration, soil. The exchange of air in soil with air from

the atmosphere. The air in a well aerated soil is

similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a

poorly aerated soil is considerably higher in

carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen.

Aggregate, soil. Many fine particles held in a single

mass or cluster. Natural soil aggregates, such as

granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods

are aggregates produced by tillage or logging.

Alluvium. Material, such as sand, silt, or clay,

deposited on land by streams.

Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl. A dye that when dissolved in

1N ammonium acetate is used to detect the

presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A

positive reaction indicates a type of redoximorphic

feature.

Animal unit month (AUM). The amount of forage

required by one mature cow of approximately

1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1

month.

Aquic conditions. Current soil wetness characterized

by saturation, reduction, and redoximorphic

features.

Aspect. The direction in which a slope faces.

Association, soil. A group of soils or miscellaneous

areas geographically associated in a characteristic

repeating pattern and defined and delineated as a

single map unit.

Available water capacity (available moisture

capacity). The capacity of soils to hold water

available for use by most plants. It is commonly

defined as the difference between the amount of

soil water at field moisture capacity and the

amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed

as inches of water per inch of soil. The capacity, in

inches, in a 60-inch profile or to a limiting layer is

expressed as:

Very low ............................................................ 0 to 3

Low ................................................................... 3 to 6

Moderate .......................................................... 6 to 9

High ................................................................ 9 to 12

Very high .............................................. more than 12

Backslope. The position that forms the steepest and

generally linear, middle portion of a hillslope

(fig. 13). In profile, backslopes are commonly

bounded by a convex shoulder above and a

concave footslope below.

Basal till. Compact glacial till deposited beneath the

ice.

Base saturation. The degree to which material having

cation-exchange properties is saturated with

exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K),

expressed as a percentage of the total cationexchange capacity.

Base slope. A geomorphic component of hills (fig. 13)

consisting of the concave to linear (perpendicular

to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral

shape, forms an apron or wedge at the bottom of

a hillside dominated by colluvium and slope-wash

sediments (for example, slope alluvium).

Beach deposits. Material, such as sand and gravel,

that is generally laid down parallel to an active or

relict shoreline of a post-glacial or glacial lake.

Bedding planes. Fine strata, less than 5 millimeters

thick, in unconsolidated alluvial, eolian, lacustrine,

or marine sediment.

Bedrock. The solid rock that underlies the soil and

other unconsolidated material or that is exposed at

the surface.

Bedrock-controlled topography. A landscape where

the configuration and relief of the landforms are

determined or strongly influenced by the

underlying bedrock.

Bench (structural). A platformlike, nearly level to

gently inclined erosional surface developed in

resistant strata in areas where valleys are cut in

alternating strong and weak layers that are

essentially horizontal.

Bisequum. Two sequences of soil horizons, each of

which consists of an illuvial horizon and the

overlying eluvial horizons.

Blowout. A shallow depression from which all or most

of the soil material has been removed by the wind.

A blowout has a flat or irregular floor formed by a

resistant layer or by an accumulation of pebbles or

cobbles. In some blowouts the water table is

exposed.

Bottom land. The normal flood plain of a stream,

subject to flooding.

Glossary
104 Soil Survey of

Boulders. Rock fragments larger than 2 feet (60

centimeters) in diameter.

Brush management. Use of mechanical, chemical, or

biological methods to make conditions favorable

for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition

from woody vegetation and thus allow understory

grasses and forbs to recover. Brush management

increases forage production and thus reduces the

hazard of erosion. It can improve the habitat for

some species of wildlife.

Calcareous soil. A soil containing enough calcium

carbonate (commonly combined with magnesium

carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with

cold, dilute hydrochloric acid.

Canopy. The leafy crown of trees or shrubs. (See

Crown.)

Capillary water. Water held as a film around soil

particles and in tiny spaces between particles.

Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds

capillary water in the soil.

Catena. A sequence, or “chain,” of soils on a

landscape that formed in similar kinds of parent

material but have different characteristics as a

result of differences in relief and drainage.

Cation. An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity.

The common soil cations are calcium, potassium,

magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen.

Cation-exchange capacity. The total amount of

exchangeable cations that can be held by the soil,

expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100

grams of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some

other stated pH value. The term, as applied to

soils, is synonymous with base-exchange capacity

but is more precise in meaning.

Catsteps. Very small, irregular terraces on steep

hillsides, especially in pasture, formed by the

trampling of cattle or the slippage of saturated soil.

Channery soil material. Soil material that has, by

volume, 15 to 35 percent thin, flat fragments of

sandstone, shale, slate, limestone, or schist as

much as 6 inches (15 centimeters) along the

longest axis. A single piece is called a channer.

Chemical treatment. Control of unwanted vegetation

through the use of chemicals.

Chiseling. Tillage with an implement having one or

more soil-penetrating points that shatter or loosen

hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal

plow depth.

Clay. As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less

than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. As a soil textural

class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay,

less than 45 percent sand, and less than 40

percent silt.

Clay depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

Figure 13.—Landscape relationship of geomorphic components and hillslope positions (modified after Ruhe and Walker, 1968).
Humboldt County, Iowa 105

content of iron, manganese, and clay because of

the chemical reduction of iron and manganese

and the removal of iron, manganese, and clay. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.

Clay film. A thin coating of oriented clay on the

surface of a soil aggregate or lining pores or root

channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin.

Claypan. A slowly permeable soil horizon that

contains much more clay than the horizons above

it. A claypan is commonly hard when dry and

plastic or stiff when wet.

Climax plant community. The stabilized plant

community on a particular site. The plant cover

reproduces itself and does not change so long as

the environment remains the same.

Coarse textured soil. Sand or loamy sand.

Cobble (or cobblestone). A rounded or partly

rounded fragment of rock 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25

centimeters) in diameter.

Cobbly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35

percent, by volume, rounded or partially rounded

rock fragments 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25

centimeters) in diameter. Very cobbly soil material

has 35 to 60 percent of these rock fragments, and

extremely cobbly soil material has more than 60

percent.

Colluvium. Soil material or rock fragments, or both,

moved by creep, slide, or local wash and

deposited at the base of steep slopes.

Complex slope. Irregular or variable slope. Planning

or establishing terraces, diversions, and other

water-control structures on a complex slope is

difficult.

Complex, soil. A map unit of two or more kinds of soil

or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern

or so small in area that it is not practical to map

them separately at the selected scale of mapping.

The pattern and proportion of the soils or

miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all

areas.

Concretions. Cemented bodies with crude internal

symmetry organized around a point, a line, or a

plane. They typically take the form of concentric

layers visible to the naked eye. Calcium carbonate,

iron oxide, and manganese oxide are common

compounds making up concretions. If formed in

place, concretions of iron oxide or manganese

oxide are generally considered a type of

redoximorphic concentration.

Conservation cropping system. Growing crops in

combination with needed cultural and

management practices. In a good conservation

cropping system, the soil-improving crops and

practices more than offset the effects of the soildepleting crops and practices. Cropping systems

are needed on all tilled soils. Soil-improving

practices in a conservation cropping system

include the use of rotations that contain grasses

and legumes and the return of crop residue to the

soil. Other practices include the use of green

manure crops of grasses and legumes, proper

tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest

control.

Conservation tillage. A tillage system that does not

invert the soil and that leaves a protective amount

of crop residue on the surface throughout the year.

Consistence, soil. Refers to the degree of cohesion

and adhesion of soil material and its resistance to

deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes

resistance of soil material to rupture and to

penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness of

puddled soil material; and the manner in which the

soil material behaves when subject to

compression. Terms describing consistence are

defined in the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Contour stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that

follow the contour. Strips of grass or close-growing

crops are alternated with strips of clean-tilled

crops or summer fallow.

Control section. The part of the soil on which

classification is based. The thickness varies

among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that

part of the soil profile between depths of 10 inches

and 40 or 80 inches.

Coprogenous earth (sedimentary peat). Fecal

material deposited in water by aquatic organisms.

Corrosion. Soil-induced electrochemical or chemical

action that dissolves or weakens concrete or

uncoated steel.

Cover crop. A close-growing crop grown primarily to

improve and protect the soil between periods of

regular crop production, or a crop grown between

trees and vines in orchards and vineyards.

Crop residue management. Returning crop residue

to the soil, which helps to maintain soil structure,

organic matter content, and fertility and helps to

control erosion.

Cropping system. Growing crops according to a

planned system of rotation and management

practices.

Cross-slope farming. Deliberately conducting

farming operations on sloping farmland in such a

way that tillage is across the general slope.

Crown. The upper part of a tree or shrub, including the

living branches and their foliage.

Culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI).

The average annual increase per acre in the

volume of a stand. Computed by dividing the total
106 Soil Survey of

volume of the stand by its age. As the stand

increases in age, the mean annual increment

continues to increase until mortality begins to

reduce the rate of increase. The point where the

stand reaches its maximum annual rate of growth

is called the culmination of the mean annual

increment.

Cutbanks cave (in tables). The walls of excavations

tend to cave in or slough.

Deferred grazing. Postponing grazing or resting

grazing land for a prescribed period.

Delta. A body of alluvium having a surface that is

nearly flat and fan shaped; deposited at or near

the mouth of a river or stream where it enters a

body of relatively quiet water, generally a sea or

lake.

Depth, soil. Generally, the thickness of the soil over

bedrock. Very deep soils are more than 60 inches

deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches;

moderately deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to

20 inches; and very shallow, less than 10 inches.

Depth to rock (in tables). Bedrock is too near the

surface for the specified use.

Diversion (or diversion terrace). A ridge of earth,

generally a terrace, built to protect downslope

areas by diverting runoff from its natural course.

Divide. (a) The line of separation, or (b) the summit

area, or narrow tract of higher ground that

constitutes the watershed boundary between two

adjacent drainage basins (fig. 13); it divides the

surface waters that flow naturally in one direction

from those that flow in the opposite direction.

Drainage class (natural). Refers to the frequency and

duration of wet periods under conditions similar to

those under which the soil formed. Alterations of

the water regime by human activities, either

through drainage or irrigation, are not a

consideration unless they have significantly

changed the morphology of the soil. Seven

classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—

excessively drained, somewhat excessively

drained, well drained, moderately well drained,

somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, and

very poorly drained. These classes are defined in

the “Soil Survey Manual.”

Drainage, surface. Runoff, or surface flow of water,

from an area.

Drumlin. A low, smooth, elongated oval hill, mound, or

ridge of compact glacial till. The longer axis is

parallel to the path of the glacier and commonly

has a blunt nose pointing in the direction from

which the ice approached.

Duff. A generally firm organic layer on the surface of

mineral soils. It consists of fallen plant material

that is in the process of decomposition and

includes everything from the litter on the surface to

underlying pure humus.

Eluviation. The movement of material in true solution

or colloidal suspension from one place to another

within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material

through eluviation are eluvial; those that have

received material are illuvial.

Endosaturation. A type of saturation of the soil in

which all horizons between the upper boundary of

saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated.

Eolian soil material. Earthy parent material

accumulated through wind action; commonly

refers to sandy material in dunes or to loess in

blankets on the surface.

Ephemeral stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows only in direct response to precipitation. It

receives no long-continued supply from melting

snow or other source, and its channel is above the

water table at all times.

Episaturation. A type of saturation indicating a

perched water table in a soil in which saturated

layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated

layers within 2 meters of the surface.

Erosion. The wearing away of the land surface by

water, wind, ice, or other geologic agents and by

such processes as gravitational creep.

Erosion (geologic). Erosion caused by geologic

processes acting over long geologic periods and

resulting in the wearing away of mountains and

the building up of such landscape features as

flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym: natural

erosion.

Erosion (accelerated). Erosion much more rapid

than geologic erosion, mainly as a result of human

or animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature,

such as a fire, that exposes the surface.

Erosion pavement. A layer of gravel or stones that

remains on the surface after fine particles are

removed by sheet or rill erosion.

Escarpment. A relatively continuous and steep slope

or cliff breaking the general continuity of more

gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from

erosion or faulting. Synonym: scarp.

Esker. A narrow, winding ridge of stratified gravelly

and sandy drift deposited by a stream flowing in a

tunnel beneath a glacier.

Fan terrace. A relict alluvial fan, no longer a site of

active deposition, incised by younger and lower

alluvial surfaces.

Fertility, soil. The quality that enables a soil to provide

plant nutrients, in adequate amounts and in proper
Humboldt County, Iowa 107

balance, for the growth of specified plants when

light, moisture, temperature, tilth, and other growth

factors are favorable.

Fibric soil material (peat). The least decomposed of

all organic soil material. Peat contains a large

amount of well preserved fiber that is readily

identifiable according to botanical origin. Peat has

the lowest bulk density and the highest water

content at saturation of all organic soil material.

Field moisture capacity. The moisture content of a

soil, expressed as a percentage of the ovendry

weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has

drained away; the field moisture content 2 or 3

days after a soaking rain; also called normal field

capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary

capacity.

Fine textured soil. Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.

First bottom. The normal flood plain of a stream,

subject to frequent or occasional flooding.

Flaggy soil material. Material that has, by volume, 15

to 35 percent flagstones. Very flaggy soil material

has 35 to 60 percent flagstones, and extremely

flaggy soil material has more than 60 percent

flagstones.

Flagstone. A thin fragment of sandstone, limestone,

slate, shale, or (rarely) schist 6 to 15 inches (15 to

38 centimeters) long.

Flood plain. A nearly level alluvial plain that borders a

stream and is subject to flooding unless protected

artificially.

Flood-plain splay. A fan-shaped deposit or other

outspread deposit formed where an overloaded

stream breaks through a levee (natural or artificial)

and deposits its material (commonly coarse

grained) on the flood plain.

Fluvial. Of or pertaining to rivers; produced by river

action, as a fluvial plain.

Footslope. The position that forms the inner, gently

inclined surface at the base of a hillslope (fig. 13).

In profile, footslopes are commonly concave. A

footslope is a transition zone between upslope

sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and

backslopes) and downslope sites of deposition

(toeslopes).

Forb. Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge.

Fragipan. A loamy, brittle subsurface horizon low in

porosity and content of organic matter and low or

moderate in clay but high in silt or very fine sand.

A fragipan appears cemented and restricts roots.

When dry, it is hard or very hard and has a higher

bulk density than the horizon or horizons above.

When moist, it tends to rupture suddenly under

pressure rather than to deform slowly.

Frost action (in tables). Freezing and thawing of soil

moisture. Frost action can damage roads,

buildings and other structures, and plant roots.

Genesis, soil. The mode of origin of the soil. Refers

especially to the processes or soil-forming factors

responsible for the formation of the solum, or true

soil, from the unconsolidated parent material.

Geomorphology. The science that treats the general

configuration of the earth’s surface; specifically the

study of the classification, description, nature,

origin, and development of landforms and their

relationships to underlying structures, and the

history of geologic changes as recorded by these

surface features. The term is especially applied to

the genetic interpretation of landforms.

Glacial drift. Pulverized and other rock material

transported by glacial ice and then deposited.

Also, the sorted and unsorted material deposited

by streams flowing from glaciers.

Glacial outwash. Gravel, sand, and silt, commonly

stratified, deposited by glacial meltwater.

Glacial till. Unsorted, nonstratified glacial drift

consisting of clay, silt, sand, and boulders

transported and deposited by glacial ice.

Glaciofluvial deposits. Material moved by glaciers

and subsequently sorted and deposited by

streams flowing from the melting ice. The deposits

are stratified and occur as kames, eskers, deltas,

and outwash plains.

Glaciolacustrine deposits. Material ranging from fine

clay to sand derived from glaciers and deposited

in glacial lakes mainly by glacial meltwater. Many

deposits are interbedded or laminated.

Gleyed soil. Soil that formed under poor drainage,

resulting in the reduction of iron and other

elements in the profile and in gray colors.

Graded stripcropping. Growing crops in strips that

grade toward a protected waterway.

Grassed waterway. A natural or constructed

waterway, typically broad and shallow, seeded to

grass as protection against erosion. Conducts

surface water away from cropland.

Gravel. Rounded or angular fragments of rock as

much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to 7.6

centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a

pebble.

Gravelly soil material. Material that has 15 to 35

percent, by volume, rounded or angular rock

fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as

3 inches (7.6 centimeters) in diameter.

Green manure crop (agronomy). A soil-improving

crop grown to be plowed under in an early stage

of maturity or soon after maturity.
108 Soil Survey of

Ground water. Water filling all the unblocked pores of

the material below the water table.

Gully. A miniature valley with steep sides cut by

running water and through which water ordinarily

runs only after rainfall. The distinction between a

gully and a rill is one of depth. A gully generally is

an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep to

be obliterated by ordinary tillage; a rill is of lesser

depth and can be smoothed over by ordinary

tillage.

Gumbotil. A sticky clay formed by the thorough

weathering of glacial drift.

Hard bedrock. Bedrock that cannot be excavated

except by blasting or by the use of special

equipment that is not commonly used in

construction.

Hardpan. A hardened or cemented soil horizon, or

layer. The soil material is sandy, loamy, or clayey

and is cemented by iron oxide, silica, calcium

carbonate, or other substance.

Head slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of a laterally concave area of a hillside,

especially at the head of a drainageway (fig. 13).

The overland waterflow is converging.

Hemic soil material (mucky peat). Organic soil

material intermediate in degree of decomposition

between the less decomposed fibric material and

the more decomposed sapric material.

High-chroma zones. Zones having chroma of 3 or

more. Typical color in areas of iron concentrations.

High-residue crops. Such crops as small grain and

corn used for grain. If properly managed, residue

from these crops can be used to control erosion

until the next crop in the rotation is established.

These crops return large amounts of organic

matter to the soil.

Hill. A natural elevation of the land surface, rising as

much as 1,000 feet above surrounding lowlands,

commonly of limited summit area and having a

well defined outline; hillsides generally have

slopes of more than 15 percent. The distinction

between a hill and a mountain is arbitrary and is

dependent on local usage.

Horizon, soil. A layer of soil, approximately parallel to

the surface, having distinct characteristics

produced by soil-forming processes. In the

identification of soil horizons, an uppercase letter

represents the major horizons. Numbers or

lowercase letters that follow represent

subdivisions of the major horizons. An explanation

of the subdivisions is given in the “Soil Survey

Manual.” The major horizons of mineral soil are as

follows:

O horizon.—An organic layer of fresh and

decaying plant residue.

A horizon.—The mineral horizon at or near the

surface in which an accumulation of humified

organic matter is mixed with the mineral material.

Also, a plowed surface horizon, most of which was

originally part of a B horizon.

E horizon.—The mineral horizon in which the main

feature is loss of silicate clay, iron, aluminum, or

some combination of these.

B horizon.—The mineral horizon below an A

horizon. The B horizon is in part a layer of

transition from the overlying A to the underlying C

horizon. The B horizon also has distinctive

characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay,

sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these;

(2) prismatic or blocky structure; (3) redder or

browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4)

a combination of these.

C horizon.—The mineral horizon or layer,

excluding indurated bedrock, that is little affected

by soil-forming processes and does not have the

properties typical of the overlying soil material.

The material of a C horizon may be either like or

unlike that in which the solum formed. If the

material is known to differ from that in the solum,

an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the

letter C.

Cr horizon.—Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath

the soil.

R layer.—Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil.

The bedrock commonly underlies a C horizon, but

it can be directly below an A or a B horizon.

Humus. The well decomposed, more or less stable

part of the organic matter in mineral soils.

Hydrologic soil groups. Refers to soils grouped

according to their runoff potential. The soil

properties that influence this potential are those

that affect the minimum rate of water infiltration on

a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting

when the soil is not frozen. These properties are

depth to a seasonal high water table, the

infiltration rate and permeability after prolonged

wetting, and depth to a very slowly permeable

layer. The slope and the kind of plant cover are not

considered but are separate factors in predicting

runoff.

Ice-walled lake plain. A relict surface marking the

floor of an extinct lake basin that was formed on

solid ground and surrounded by stagnant ice in a

stable or unstable superglacial environment on

stagnation moraines. As the ice melted, the lake

plain became perched above the adjacent
Humboldt County, Iowa 109

landscape. The lake plain is well sorted, generally

fine textured, stratified deposits.

Igneous rock. Rock formed by solidification from a

molten or partially molten state. Major varieties

include plutonic and volcanic rock. Examples are

andesite, basalt, and granite.

Illuviation. The movement of soil material from one

horizon to another in the soil profile. Generally,

material is removed from an upper horizon and

deposited in a lower horizon.

Impervious soil. A soil through which water, air, or

roots penetrate slowly or not at all. No soil is

absolutely impervious to air and water all the time.

Infiltration. The downward entry of water into the

immediate surface of soil or other material, as

contrasted with percolation, which is movement of

water through soil layers or material.

Infiltration capacity. The maximum rate at which

water can infiltrate into a soil under a given set of

conditions.

Infiltration rate. The rate at which water penetrates

the surface of the soil at any given instant, usually

expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be

limited by the infiltration capacity of the soil or the

rate at which water is applied at the surface.

Intake rate. The average rate of water entering the

soil under irrigation. Most soils have a fast initial

rate; the rate decreases with application time.

Therefore, intake rate for design purposes is not a

constant but is a variable depending on the net

irrigation application. The rate of water intake, in

inches per hour, is expressed as follows:

Less than 0.2 ............................................... very low

0.2 to 0.4 .............................................................. low

0.4 to 0.75 ......................................... moderately low

0.75 to 1.25 ................................................ moderate

1.25 to 1.75 ..................................... moderately high

1.75 to 2.5 .......................................................... high

More than 2.5 ............................................. very high

Interfluve. An elevated area between two

drainageways that sheds water to those

drainageways (fig. 13).

Intermittent stream. A stream, or reach of a stream,

that flows for prolonged periods only when it

receives ground-water discharge or long,

continued contributions from melting snow or other

surface and shallow subsurface sources.

Iron concentrations. High-chroma zones having a

high content of iron and manganese oxide

because of chemical oxidation and accumulation,

but having a clay content similar to that of the

adjacent matrix. A type of redoximorphic

concentration.

Iron depletions. Low-chroma zones having a low

content of iron and manganese oxide because of

chemical reduction and removal, but having a clay

content similar to that of the adjacent matrix. A

type of redoximorphic depletion.

Irrigation. Application of water to soils to assist in

production of crops. Methods of irrigation are:

Basin.—Water is applied rapidly to nearly level

plains surrounded by levees or dikes.

Border.—Water is applied at the upper end of a

strip in which the lateral flow of water is controlled

by small earth ridges called border dikes, or

borders.

Controlled flooding.—Water is released at

intervals from closely spaced field ditches and

distributed uniformly over the field.

Corrugation.—Water is applied to small, closely

spaced furrows or ditches in fields of closegrowing crops or in orchards so that it flows in only

one direction.

Drip (or trickle).—Water is applied slowly and

under low pressure to the surface of the soil or

into the soil through such applicators as emitters,

porous tubing, or perforated pipe.

Furrow.—Water is applied in small ditches made

by cultivation implements. Furrows are used for

tree and row crops.

Sprinkler.—Water is sprayed over the soil surface

through pipes or nozzles from a pressure system.

Subirrigation.—Water is applied in open ditches or

tile lines until the water table is raised enough to

wet the soil.

Wild flooding.—Water, released at high points, is

allowed to flow onto an area without controlled

distribution.

Kame. An irregular, short ridge or hill of stratified

glacial drift.

Kame moraine. An end moraine that contains

numerous kames. A group of kames along the

front of a stagnant glacier, commonly comprising

the slumped remnants of a formerly continuous

outwash plain built up over the foot of rapidly

wasting or stagnant ice.

Karst (topography). The relief of an area underlain by

limestone that dissolves in differing degrees, thus

forming numerous depressions or small basins.

Knoll. A small, low, rounded hill rising above adjacent

landforms.

Lacustrine deposit. Material deposited in lake water

and exposed when the water level is lowered or

the elevation of the land is raised.

Lake bed. The bottom of a lake; a lake basin.

Lake plain. A nearly level surface marking the floor of

an extinct lake filled by well sorted, generally fine
110 Soil Survey of

textured, stratified deposits, commonly containing

varves.

Lake terrace. A narrow shelf, partly cut and partly

built, produced along a lakeshore in front of a

scarp line of low cliffs and later exposed when the

water level falls.

Lakeshore. A narrow strip of land in contact with or

bordering a lake; especially the beach of a lake.

Landslide. The rapid downhill movement of a mass of

soil and loose rock, generally when wet or

saturated. The speed and distance of movement,

as well as the amount of soil and rock material,

vary greatly.

Leaching. The removal of soluble material from soil or

other material by percolating water.

Linear extensibility. Refers to the change in length of

an unconfined clod as moisture content is

decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear

extensibility is used to determine the shrink-swell

potential of soils. It is an expression of the volume

change between the water content of the clod at

1

/3- or 1/10-bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension)

and oven dryness. Volume change is influenced by

the amount and type of clay minerals in the soil.

The volume change is the percent change for the

whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the

resulting value is COLE, coefficient of linear

extensibility.

Liquid limit. The moisture content at which the soil

passes from a plastic to a liquid state.

Loam. Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay

particles, 28 to 50 percent silt particles, and less

than 52 percent sand particles.

Loess. Fine grained material, dominantly of silt-sized

particles, deposited by wind.

Low strength. The soil is not strong enough to

support loads.

Low-chroma zones. Zones having chroma of 2 or

less. Typical color in areas of iron depletions.

Low-residue crops. Such crops as corn used for

silage, peas, beans, and potatoes. Residue from

these crops is not adequate to control erosion until

the next crop in the rotation is established. These

crops return little organic matter to the soil.

Marl. An earthy, unconsolidated deposit consisting

chiefly of calcium carbonate mixed with clay in

approximately equal amounts.

Masses. Concentrations of substances in the soil

matrix that do not have a clearly defined boundary

with the surrounding soil material and cannot be

removed as a discrete unit. Common compounds

making up masses are calcium carbonate,

gypsum or other soluble salts, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide. Masses consisting of iron oxide

or manganese oxide generally are considered a

type of redoximorphic concentration.

Meander scroll. One of a series of long, parallel,

close fitting, crescent-shaped ridges and troughs

formed along the inner bank of a stream meander

as the channel migrated laterally down-valley and

toward the outer bank.

Mechanical treatment. Use of mechanical equipment

for seeding, brush management, and other

management practices.

Medium textured soil. Very fine sandy loam, loam,

silt loam, or silt.

Metamorphic rock. Rock of any origin altered in

mineralogical composition, chemical composition,

or structure by heat, pressure, and movement.

Nearly all such rocks are crystalline.

Mineral soil. Soil that is mainly mineral material and

low in organic material. Its bulk density is more

than that of organic soil.

Minimum tillage. Only the tillage essential to crop

production and prevention of soil damage.

Miscellaneous area. An area that has little or no

natural soil and supports little or no vegetation.

Moderately coarse textured soil. Coarse sandy

loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam.

Moderately fine textured soil. Clay loam, sandy clay

loam, or silty clay loam.

Mollic epipedon. A thick, dark, humus-rich surface

horizon (or horizons) that has high base saturation

and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the

upper part of the subsoil.

Moraine. An accumulation of earth, stones, and other

debris deposited by a glacier. Some types are

terminal, lateral, medial, and ground.

Morphology, soil. The physical makeup of the soil,

including the texture, structure, porosity,

consistence, color, and other physical, mineral,

and biological properties of the various horizons,

and the thickness and arrangement of those

horizons in the soil profile.

Mottling, soil. Irregular spots of different colors that

vary in number and size. Descriptive terms are as

follows: abundance—few, common, and many;

size—fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—

faint, distinct, and prominent. The size

measurements are of the diameter along the

greatest dimension. Fine indicates less than 5

millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to 15

millimeters (about 0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse,

more than 15 millimeters (about 0.6 inch).

Muck. Dark, finely divided, well decomposed organic

soil material. (See Sapric soil material.)
Humboldt County, Iowa 111

Mudstone. Sedimentary rock formed by induration of

silt and clay in approximately equal amounts.

Munsell notation. A designation of color by degrees

of three simple variables—hue, value, and

chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is

a color with hue of 10YR, value of 6, and chroma

of 4.

Natric horizon. A special kind of argillic horizon that

contains enough exchangeable sodium to have an

adverse effect on the physical condition of the

subsoil.

Neutral soil. A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3.

(See Reaction, soil.)

Nodules. Cemented bodies lacking visible internal

structure. Calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and

manganese oxide are common compounds

making up nodules. If formed in place, nodules of

iron oxide or manganese oxide are considered

types of redoximorphic concentrations.

Nose slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of the projecting end (laterally convex

area) of a hillside (fig. 13). The overland waterflow

is predominantly divergent.

Nutrient, plant. Any element taken in by a plant

essential to its growth. Plant nutrients are mainly

nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium,

magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper,

boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and carbon,

hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and

water.

Organic matter. Plant and animal residue in the soil in

various stages of decomposition. The content of

organic matter in the surface layer is described as

follows:

Very low ................................... less than 0.5 percent

Low ................................................ 0.5 to 1.0 percent

Moderately low .............................. 1.0 to 2.0 percent

Moderate ....................................... 2.0 to 4.0 percent

High ............................................... 4.0 to 8.0 percent

Very high ............................... more than 8.0 percent

Outwash plain. A landform of mainly sandy or coarse

textured material of glaciofluvial origin. An

outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted,

it generally is low in relief.

Paleoterrace. An erosional remnant of a terrace that

retains the surface form and alluvial deposits of its

origin but was not emplaced by, and commonly

does not grade to, a present-day stream or

drainage network.

Pan. A compact, dense layer in a soil that impedes the

movement of water and the growth of roots. For

example, hardpan, fragipan, claypan, plowpan,

and traffic pan.

Parent material. The unconsolidated organic and

mineral material in which soil forms.

Parts per million (ppm). The concentration of a

substance in the soil, such as phosphorus or

potassium, in one million parts of air-dried soil on

a weight per weight basis.

Peat. Unconsolidated material, largely undecomposed

organic matter, that has accumulated under

excess moisture. (See Fibric soil material.)

Ped. An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a

granule, a prism, or a block.

Pedisediment. A thin layer of alluvial material that

mantles an erosion surface and has been

transported to its present position from higher

lying areas of the erosion surface.

Pedon. The smallest volume that can be called “a soil.”

A pedon is three dimensional and large enough to

permit study of all horizons. Its area ranges from

about 10 to 100 square feet (1 square meter to 10

square meters), depending on the variability of the

soil.

Percolation. The movement of water through the soil.

Permeability. The quality of the soil that enables water

or air to move downward through the profile. The

rate at which a saturated soil transmits water is

accepted as a measure of this quality. In soil

physics, the rate is referred to as “saturated

hydraulic conductivity,” which is defined in the “Soil

Survey Manual.” In line with conventional usage in

the engineering profession and with traditional

usage in published soil surveys, this rate of flow

continues to be expressed as “permeability.” Terms

describing permeability, measured in inches per

hour, are as follows:

Impermeable ...........................less than 0.0015 inch

Very slow .................................... 0.0015 to 0.06 inch

Slow.................................................. 0.06 to 0.2 inch

Moderately slow ................................. 0.2 to 0.6 inch

Moderate ................................ 0.6 inch to 2.0 inches

Moderately rapid ............................ 2.0 to 6.0 inches

Rapid ............................................... 6.0 to 20 inches

Very rapid ................................. more than 20 inches

pH value. A numerical designation of acidity and

alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction, soil.)

Phase, soil. A subdivision of a soil series based on

features that affect its use and management, such

as slope, stoniness, and flooding.

Phosphorus. The amount of phosphorus available to

plants at a depth of 30 to 42 inches is expressed
112 Soil Survey of

in parts per million and based on the weighted

average of air-dried soil samples. Terms

describing the amount of available phosphorus

are:

Very low ........................................ less than 7.5 ppm

Low ................................................... 7.5 to 13.0 ppm

Medium .......................................... 13.0 to 22.5 ppm

High .......................................... more than 22.5 ppm

Piping (in tables). Formation of subsurface tunnels or

pipelike cavities by water moving through the soil.

Pitted outwash plain. An outwash plain marked by

many irregular depressions, such as kettles,

shallow pits, and potholes, which formed by

melting of incorporated ice masses.

Plastic limit. The moisture content at which a soil

changes from semisolid to plastic.

Plasticity index. The numerical difference between

the liquid limit and the plastic limit; the range of

moisture content within which the soil remains

plastic.

Plateau. An extensive upland mass with relatively flat

summit area that is considerably elevated (more

than 100 meters) above adjacent lowlands and

separated from them on one or more sides by

escarpments.

Plowpan. A compacted layer formed in the soil

directly below the plowed layer.

Ponding. Standing water on soils in closed

depressions. Unless the soils are artificially

drained, the water can be removed only by

percolation or evapotranspiration.

Poorly graded. Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil

material consisting mainly of particles of nearly

the same size. Because there is little difference in

size of the particles, density can be increased only

slightly by compaction.

Potassium. The amount of potassium available to

plants at a depth of 12 to 24 inches is expressed

in parts per million and based on the weighted

average of air-dried soil samples. Terms

describing the amount of available potassium are:

Very low minus .............................. less than 25 ppm

Very low plus ........................................ 25 to 50 ppm

Low ....................................................... 50 to 79 ppm

Medium .............................................. 79 to 125 ppm

High ............................................more than 125 ppm

Potential native plant community. See Climax plant

community.

Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth).

Depth to which roots could penetrate if the content

of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has

no properties restricting the penetration of roots to

this depth.

Prescribed burning. Deliberately burning an area for

specific management purposes, under the

appropriate conditions of weather and soil

moisture and at the proper time of day.

Productivity, soil. The capability of a soil for

producing a specified plant or sequence of plants

under specific management.

Profile, soil. A vertical section of the soil extending

through all its horizons and into the parent

material.

Reaction, soil. A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a

soil, expressed in pH values. A soil that tests to pH

7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction

because it is neither acid nor alkaline. The

degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH

values, are:

Ultra acid .............................................. less than 3.5

Extremely acid ........................................... 3.5 to 4.4

Very strongly acid ...................................... 4.5 to 5.0

Strongly acid .............................................. 5.1 to 5.5

Moderately acid .......................................... 5.6 to 6.0

Slightly acid ................................................ 6.1 to 6.5

Neutral ........................................................ 6.6 to 7.3

Slightly alkaline .......................................... 7.4 to 7.8

Moderately alkaline .................................... 7.9 to 8.4

Strongly alkaline ........................................ 8.5 to 9.0

Very strongly alkaline ......................... 9.1 and higher

Redoximorphic concentrations. Nodules,

concretions, soft masses, pore linings, and other

features resulting from the accumulation of iron or

manganese oxide. An indication of chemical

reduction and oxidation resulting from saturation.

Redoximorphic depletions. Low-chroma zones from

which iron and manganese oxide or a combination

of iron and manganese oxide and clay has been

removed. These zones are indications of the

chemical reduction of iron resulting from

saturation.

Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic

concentrations, redoximorphic depletions, reduced

matrices, a positive reaction to alpha,alphadipyridyl, and other features indicating the

chemical reduction and oxidation of iron and

manganese compounds resulting from saturation.

Reduced matrix. A soil matrix that has low chroma in

situ because of chemically reduced iron (Fe II).

The chemical reduction results from nearly

continuous wetness. The matrix undergoes a
Humboldt County, Iowa 113

change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes after

exposure to air as the iron is oxidized (Fe III). A

type of redoximorphic feature.

Regolith. The unconsolidated mantle of weathered

rock and soil material on the earth’s surface; the

loose earth material above the solid rock.

Relief. The elevations or inequalities of a land surface,

considered collectively.

Residuum (residual soil material). Unconsolidated,

weathered or partly weathered mineral material

that accumulated as consolidated rock

disintegrated in place.

Rill. A steep-sided channel resulting from accelerated

erosion. A rill generally is a few inches deep and

not wide enough to be an obstacle to farm

machinery.

Road cut. A sloping surface produced by mechanical

means during road construction. It is commonly on

the uphill side of the road.

Rock fragments. Rock or mineral fragments having a

diameter of 2 millimeters or more; for example,

pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders.

Root zone. The part of the soil that can be penetrated

by plant roots.

Runoff. The precipitation discharged into stream

channels from an area. The water that flows off the

surface of the land without sinking into the soil is

called surface runoff. Water that enters the soil

before reaching surface streams is called groundwater runoff or seepage flow from ground water.

Saline soil. A soil containing soluble salts in an

amount that impairs growth of plants. A saline soil

does not contain excess exchangeable sodium.

Sand. As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral

fragments from 0.05 millimeter to 2.0 millimeters in

diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a

soil textural class, a soil that is 85 percent or more

sand and not more than 10 percent clay.

Sandstone. Sedimentary rock containing dominantly

sand-sized particles.

Sapric soil material (muck). The most highly

decomposed of all organic soil material. Muck has

the least amount of plant fiber, the highest bulk

density, and the lowest water content at saturation

of all organic soil material.

Saprolite. Unconsolidated residual material

underlying the soil and grading to hard bedrock

below.

Saturated hydraulic conductivity. See Permeability.

Saturation. Wetness characterized by zero or positive

pressure of the soil water. Under conditions of

saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix

into an unlined auger hole.

Scarification. The act of abrading, scratching,

loosening, crushing, or modifying the surface to

increase water absorption or to provide a more

tillable soil.

Second bottom. The first terrace above the normal

flood plain (or first bottom) of a river.

Sedimentary rock. Rock made up of particles

deposited from suspension in water. The chief

kinds of sedimentary rock are conglomerate,

formed from gravel; sandstone, formed from sand;

shale, formed from clay; and limestone, formed

from soft masses of calcium carbonate. There are

many intermediate types. Some wind-deposited

sand is consolidated into sandstone.

Seepage (in tables). The movement of water through

the soil. Seepage adversely affects the specified

use.

Sequum. A sequence consisting of an illuvial horizon

and the overlying eluvial horizon. (See Eluviation.)

Series, soil. A group of soils that have profiles that are

almost alike, except for differences in texture of

the surface layer. All the soils of a series have

horizons that are similar in composition, thickness,

and arrangement.

Shale. Sedimentary rock formed by the hardening of a

clay deposit.

Sheet erosion. The removal of a fairly uniform layer of

soil material from the land surface by the action of

rainfall and surface runoff.

Shoulder. The position that forms the uppermost

inclined surface near the top of a hillslope (fig. 13).

It is a transition from backslope to summit. The

surface is dominantly convex in profile and

erosional in origin.

Shrink-swell (in tables). The shrinking of soil when

dry and the swelling when wet. Shrinking and

swelling can damage roads, dams, building

foundations, and other structures. It can also

damage plant roots.

Side slope. A geomorphic component of hills

consisting of a laterally planar area of a hillside

(fig. 13). The overland waterflow is predominantly

parallel.

Silica. A combination of silicon and oxygen. The

mineral form is called quartz.

Silt. As a soil separate, individual mineral particles

that range in diameter from the upper limit of clay

(0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine

sand (0.05 millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil

that is 80 percent or more silt and less than 12

percent clay.

Siltstone. Sedimentary rock made up of dominantly

silt-sized particles.
114 Soil Survey of

Similar soils. Soils that share limits of diagnostic

criteria, behave and perform in a similar manner,

and have similar conservation needs or

management requirements for the major land uses

in the survey area.

Sinkhole. A depression in the landscape where

limestone has been dissolved.

Slope. The inclination of the land surface from the

horizontal. Percentage of slope is the vertical

distance divided by horizontal distance, then

multiplied by 100. Thus, a slope of 20 percent is a

drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal distance.

Slope (in tables). Slope is great enough that special

practices are required to ensure satisfactory

performance of the soil for a specific use.

Sloughed till. Water-saturated till that has flowed

slowly downhill from its original place of deposit by

glacial ice. It may rest on other till, on glacial

outwash, or on a glaciolacustrine deposit.

Slow refill (in tables). The slow filling of ponds,

resulting from restricted permeability in the soil.

Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). A measure of the

amount of sodium (Na) relative to calcium (Ca)

and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from

saturated soil paste. It is the ratio of the Na

concentration divided by the square root of onehalf of the Ca + Mg concentration.

Soft bedrock. Bedrock that can be excavated with

trenching machines, backhoes, small rippers, and

other equipment commonly used in construction.

Soil. A natural, three-dimensional body at the earth’s

surface. It is capable of supporting plants and has

properties resulting from the integrated effect of

climate and living matter acting on earthy parent

material, as conditioned by relief and by the

passage of time.

Soil separates. Mineral particles less than 2

millimeters in equivalent diameter and ranging

between specified size limits. The names and

sizes, in millimeters, of separates recognized in

the United States are as follows:

Very coarse sand ....................................... 2.0 to 1.0

Coarse sand ............................................... 1.0 to 0.5

Medium sand ........................................... 0.5 to 0.25

Fine sand ............................................... 0.25 to 0.10

Very fine sand ........................................ 0.10 to 0.05

Silt ........................................................ 0.05 to 0.002

Clay .................................................. less than 0.002

Solum. The upper part of a soil profile, above the C

horizon, in which the processes of soil formation

are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E,

and B horizons. Generally, the characteristics of

the material in these horizons are unlike those of

the material below the solum. The living roots and

plant and animal activities are largely confined to

the solum.

Stagnation moraine. A body of drift released by the

melting of a glacier that ceased flowing.

Commonly but not always occurs near ice

margins; composed of till, ice-contact stratified

drift, and small areas of glacial lake sediment.

Typical landforms are knob-and-kettle topography,

locally including ice-walled lake plains.

Stones. Rock fragments 10 to 24 inches (25 to 60

centimeters) in diameter if rounded or 15 to 24

inches (38 to 60 centimeters) in length if flat.

Stony. Refers to a soil containing stones in numbers

that interfere with or prevent tillage.

Stream terrace. A platform or series of platforms in a

stream valley, flanking and more or less parallel to

the stream channel, originally formed near the

level of the stream, and representing the remnants

of an abandoned flood plain, stream bed, or valley

floor produced during a former stage of fluvial

erosion or deposition.

Stripcropping. Growing crops in a systematic

arrangement of strips or bands that provide

vegetative barriers to wind erosion and water

erosion.

Structure, soil. The arrangement of primary soil

particles into compound particles or aggregates.

The principal forms of soil structure are—platy

(laminated), prismatic (vertical axis of aggregates

longer than horizontal), columnar (prisms with

rounded tops), blocky (angular or subangular),

and granular. Structureless soils are either single

grain (each grain by itself, as in dune sand) or

massive (the particles adhering without any

regular cleavage, as in many hardpans).

Stubble mulch. Stubble or other crop residue left on

the soil or partly worked into the soil. It protects

the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after

harvest, during preparation of a seedbed for the

next crop, and during the early growing period of

the new crop.

Subsoil. Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part of

the solum below plow depth.

Subsoiling. Tilling a soil below normal plow depth,

ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or claypan.

Substratum. The part of the soil below the solum.

Subsurface layer. Any surface soil horizon (A, E, AB,

or EB) below the surface layer.

Summit. The topographically highest position of a

hillslope (fig. 13). It has a nearly level (planar or

only slightly convex) surface.
Humboldt County, Iowa 115

Surface layer. The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or

its equivalent in uncultivated soil, ranging in depth

from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters).

Frequently designated as the “plow layer,” or the

“Ap horizon.”

Surface soil. The A, E, AB, and EB horizons,

considered collectively. It includes all subdivisions

of these horizons.

Swale. A slight depression in the midst of generally

level land. A shallow depression in an undulating

ground moraine caused by uneven glacial

deposition.

Terminal moraine. A belt of thick glacial drift that

generally marks the termination of important

glacial advances.

Terrace. An embankment, or ridge, constructed

across sloping soils on the contour or at a slight

angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts

surface runoff so that water soaks into the soil or

flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a

field generally is built so that the field can be

farmed. A terrace intended mainly for drainage

has a deep channel that is maintained in

permanent sod.

Terrace (geomorphology). A steplike surface,

bordering a valley floor or shoreline, that

represents the former position of a flood plain,

lakeshore, or seashore. The term is usually

applied to both the relatively flat summit surface

(tread), cut or built by stream or wave action, and

the steeper descending slope (scarp or riser),

graded to a lower base level of erosion.

Texture, soil. The relative proportions of sand, silt,

and clay particles in a mass of soil. The basic

textural classes, in order of increasing proportion

of fine particles, are sand, loamy sand, sandy

loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay

loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and

clay. The sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam

classes may be further divided by specifying

“coarse,” “fine,” or “very fine.”

Thin layer (in tables). Otherwise suitable soil material

that is too thin for the specified use.

Till plain. An extensive area of nearly level to

undulating soils underlain by glacial till.

Tilth, soil. The physical condition of the soil as related

to tillage, seedbed preparation, seedling

emergence, and root penetration.

Toeslope. The position that forms the gently inclined

surface at the base of a hillslope (fig. 13).

Toeslopes in profile are commonly gentle and

linear and are constructional surfaces forming the

lower part of a hillslope continuum that grades to

valley or closed-depression floors.

Topsoil. The upper part of the soil, which is the

most favorable material for plant growth. It is

ordinarily rich in organic matter and is used to

topdress roadbanks, lawns, and land affected by

mining.

Trace elements. Chemical elements, for example,

zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, and iron, in soils

in extremely small amounts. They are essential to

plant growth.

Upland. Land at a higher elevation, in general, than

the alluvial plain or stream terrace; land above the

lowlands along streams.

Valley fill. In glaciated regions, material deposited in

stream valleys by glacial meltwater. In

nonglaciated regions, alluvium deposited by

heavily loaded streams.

Variegation. Refers to patterns of contrasting colors

assumed to be inherited from the parent material

rather than to be the result of poor drainage.

Water bars. Smooth, shallow ditches or

depressional areas that are excavated at an

angle across a sloping road. They are used to

reduce the downward velocity of water and

divert it off and away from the road surface.

Water bars can easily be driven over if

constructed properly.

Weathering. All physical and chemical changes

produced in rocks or other deposits at or near the

earth’s surface by atmospheric agents. These

changes result in disintegration and

decomposition of the material.

Well graded. Refers to soil material consisting of

coarse grained particles that are well distributed

over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil

normally can be easily increased in density and

bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with

poorly graded soil.

Wilting point (or permanent wilting point). The

moisture content of soil, on an ovendry basis, at

which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so

much that it does not recover when placed in a

humid, dark chamber.

117

Tables
118 Soil Survey of

Table 1.--Temperature and Precipitation

 (Recorded in the period 1961-90 at Humboldt, Iowa)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 | Temperature | Precipitation

 | | __________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | 2 years in | | |2 years in 10| |

 | | | | 10 will have-- | | | will have-- | | _______________________ _____________

 Month |Average|Average|Average| | | Average |Average| | | Average |Average

 | daily | daily | | Maximum | Minimum |number of| | Less | More |number of|snowfall

 |maximum|minimum| |temperature|temperature| growing | |than--|than--|days with|

 | | | | higher | lower | degree | | | |0.10 inch|

 | | | | than-- | than-- | days* | | | | or more | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | oF | oF | oF | oF | oF | Units | In | In | In | | In

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 January----| 25.2 | 5.9 | 15.6 | 51 | -24 | 0 | 0.74 | 0.21| 1.16| 2 | 5.7

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 February---| 31.0 | 11.5 | 21.3 | 58 | -22 | 0 | .79 | .26| 1.22| 2 | 6.2

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 March------| 43.5 | 24.1 | 33.8 | 77 | -5 | 14 | 2.04 | 1.01| 2.93| 4 | 5.7

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 April------| 59.8 | 36.9 | 48.3 | 88 | 16 | 98 | 3.05 | 1.85| 4.12| 6 | .9

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 May--------| 72.8 | 48.6 | 60.7 | 93 | 28 | 349 | 3.74 | 2.53| 4.84| 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 June-------| 81.6 | 57.9 | 69.7 | 98 | 41 | 588 | 4.58 | 2.43| 6.46| 7 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 July-------| 85.0 | 62.1 | 73.6 | 99 | 47 | 729 | 4.27 | 1.81| 6.36| 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 August-----| 81.9 | 58.7 | 70.3 | 96 | 42 | 630 | 3.86 | 2.07| 5.44| 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 September--| 74.0 | 49.8 | 61.9 | 94 | 29 | 365 | 3.54 | 1.52| 5.27| 6 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 October----| 62.4 | 38.6 | 50.5 | 87 | 18 | 126 | 2.19 | .77| 3.36| 4 | .0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 November---| 44.8 | 25.8 | 35.3 | 71 | 0 | 10 | 1.32 | .36| 2.26| 3 | 2.6

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 December---| 28.9 | 11.3 | 20.1 | 58 | -18 | 0 | 1.02 | .39| 1.55| 2 | 7.0

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Yearly: | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Average---| 57.6 | 35.9 | 46.8 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---| ---| --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Extreme---| 104 | -33 | --- | 100 | -26 | --- | --- | ---| ---| --- | ---

 | | | | | | | | | | |

 Total-----| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 2,910 | 31.12 | 25.73| 36.18| 55 | 28.0

 | | | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * A growing degree day is a unit of heat available for plant growth. It can be calculated by adding the

maximum and minimum daily temperatures, dividing the sum by 2, and subtracting the temperature below which

growth is minimal for the principal crops in the area (50 degrees F).
Humboldt County, Iowa 119

Table 2.--Freeze Dates in Spring and Fall

 (Recorded in the period 1961-90 at Humboldt, Iowa)

_____________________________________________________________

 |

 | Temperature

 |__________________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 oF

 | or lower | or lower | or lower _____________________________________________________________

 | | |

 | | |

Last freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in spring: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 19 | May 9 | May 16

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 15 | May 3 | May 11

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 later than-- | Apr. 6 | Apr. 22 | Apr. 30

 | | |

First freezing | | |

 temperature | | |

 in fall: | | |

 | | |

 1 year in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 7 | Sept. 25 | Sept. 19

 | | |

 2 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 13 | Sept. 30 | Sept. 23

 | | |

 5 years in 10 | | |

 earlier than-- | Oct. 23 | Oct. 10 | Oct. 2

 | | | _____________________________________________________________

Table 3.--Growing Season

(Recorded in the period 1961-90 at Humboldt,

 Iowa)

__________________________________________________

 |

 | Daily minimum temperature

 | during growing season

 |___________________________________

 Probability | | |

 | Higher | Higher | Higher

 | than | than | than

 | 24 oF | 28 oF | 32 o __________________________________________________ F

 | Days | Days | Days

 | | |

9 years in 10 | 181 | 147 | 136

 | | |

8 years in 10 | 187 | 155 | 142

 | | |

5 years in 10 | 198 | 170 | 154

 | | |

2 years in 10 | 209 | 185 | 166

 | | |

1 year in 10 | 214 | 193 | 172

 | | | __________________________________________________
120 Soil Survey of

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

6 |Okoboji silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes-------------| 8,117 | 2.9

27B |Terril loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------------------------------------| 1,073 | 0.4

54 |Zook silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded--------| 138 | *

55 |Nicollet loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes-------------------------------------| 29,727 | 10.6

62F |Storden loam, 18 to 25 percent slopes------------------------------------| 242 | *

90 |Okoboji mucky silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes-------| 1,440 | 0.5

95 |Harps clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-----------------------------------| 6,837 | 2.4

107 |Webster silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes---------------------------| 33,189 | 11.9

135 |Coland clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded------------| 995 | 0.4

138B |Clarion loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes--------------------------------------| 46,844 | 16.8

138C2 |Clarion loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded-------------------| 5,310 | 1.9

175 |Dickinson fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------------------| 182 | *

175B |Dickinson fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes-------------------------| 505 | 0.2

175C |Dickinson fine sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes-------------------------| 402 | 0.1

188 |Kensett silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes---------------------------| 177 | *

201B |Coland-Terril complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes-----------------------------| 766 | 0.3

203 |Cylinder loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes-| 1,082 | 0.4

221 |Klossner muck, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes-----------------------| 987 | 0.4

236B |Lester loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------------------------------------| 3,770 | 1.3

236C |Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes---------------------------------------| 311 | 0.1

236C2 |Lester loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded--------------------| 1,023 | 0.4

236D2 |Lester loam, 9 to 14 percent slopes, moderately eroded-------------------| 559 | 0.2

236E |Lester loam, 14 to 18 percent slopes-------------------------------------| 483 | 0.2

236F |Lester loam, 18 to 25 percent slopes-------------------------------------| 607 | 0.2

253B |Farrar fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes----------------------------| 527 | 0.2

253C |Farrar fine sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes----------------------------| 80 | *

256G |Lester-Storden complex, 25 to 40 percent slopes--------------------------| 1,018 | 0.4

259 |Biscay clay loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent | |

 | slopes------------------------------------------------------------------| 1,469 | 0.5

274 |Rolfe silt loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes---------------------| 1,145 | 0.4

308 |Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes---| 1,201 | 0.4

308B |Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 2 to 5 percent slopes---| 607 | 0.2

330 |Kingston silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------| 395 | 0.1

338 |Garmore loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------------| 7,940 | 2.8

339 |Truman silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------------------------------| 960 | 0.3

339B |Truman silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes----------------------------------| 573 | 0.2

344B |Copaston fine sandy loam, 1 to 5 percent slopes--------------------------| 547 | 0.2

354 |Aquolls (marsh), ponded, 0 to 1 percent slopes---------------------------| 214 | *

485 |Spillville loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded-------------| 716 | 0.3

506 |Wacousta silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes------------| 5,888 | 2.1

507 |Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------------------------| 86,390 | 30.9

508 |Calcousta silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes-----------| 1,824 | 0.7

526 |Wacousta mucky silty clay loam, depressional, 0 to 1 percent slopes------| 1,201 | 0.4

536 |Hanlon fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded------| 265 | *

638C2 |Clarion-Storden complex, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded--------| 2,867 | 1.0

659 |Mayer loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes----| 595 | 0.2

823 |Ridgeport sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------------------------| 1,765 | 0.6

823B |Ridgeport sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes------------------------------| 755 | 0.3

823C2 |Ridgeport sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded-----------| 168 | *

828B |Zenor sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes----------------------------------| 694 | 0.2

828C2 |Zenor sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, moderately eroded---------------| 312 | 0.1

829D2 |Zenor-Storden complex, 9 to 14 percent slopes, moderately eroded---------| 290 | 0.1

835D2 |Storden-Omsrud complex, 9 to 14 percent slopes, moderately eroded--------| 1,080 | 0.4

835E2 |Storden-Omsrud complex, 14 to 18 percent slopes, moderately eroded-------| 503 | 0.2

956 |Harps-Okoboji, depressional, complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes--------------| 4,870 | 1.7

1585 |Spillville-Coland complex, channeled, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently | |

 | flooded-----------------------------------------------------------------| 5,137 | 1.8

4000 |Urban land---------------------------------------------------------------| 343 | 0.1

5010 |Pits, gravel-------------------------------------------------------------| 389 | 0.1

5030 |Pits, limestone quarries-------------------------------------------------| 399 | 0.1

 | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Humboldt County, Iowa 121

Table 4.--Acreage and Proportionate Extent of the Soils--Continued

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map | Soil name | Acres |Percent

symbol | | |

 | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

5040 |Udorthents, loamy (cut and fill land)------------------------------------| 303 | 0.1

5080 |Udorthents, sanitary landfill--------------------------------------------| 74 | *

AW |Animal waste-------------------------------------------------------------| 8 | *

SL |Sewage lagoon------------------------------------------------------------| 23 | *

W |Water--------------------------------------------------------------------| 1,099 | 0.4

 | |____________|________

 | Total---------------------------------------------------------------| 279,400 | 100.0

 | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 * Less than 0.1 percent.
122 Soil Survey of

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations

(See text for a description of the considerations listed in this table)

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

6: |

 Okoboji----------------------| Ponding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

27B: |

 Terril-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

54: |

 Zook-------------------------| Flooding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

55: |

 Nicollet---------------------| Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

62F: |

 Storden----------------------| Slope

 | Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

90: |

 Okoboji----------------------| Ponding

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

95: |

 Harps------------------------| Lime content

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

107: |

 Webster----------------------| Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

135: |

 Coland-----------------------| Flooding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

138B: |

 Clarion----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

138C2: |

 Clarion----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 |
Humboldt County, Iowa 123

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

175: |

 Dickinson--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Wind erosion

 |

175B: |

 Dickinson--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

175C: |

 Dickinson--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

188: |

 Kensett----------------------| Depth to rock

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

201B: |

 Coland-----------------------| Flooding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

 Terril-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

203: |

 Cylinder---------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

221: |

 Klossner---------------------| High content of organic matter

 | Ponding

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

236B: |

 Lester-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

236C: |

 Lester-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

236C2: |

 Lester-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 |
124 Soil Survey of

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

236D2: |

 Lester-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 |

236E: |

 Lester-----------------------| Slope

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

236F: |

 Lester-----------------------| Slope

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

253B: |

 Farrar-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

253C: |

 Farrar-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

256G: |

 Lester-----------------------| Slope

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

 Storden----------------------| Slope

 | Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

259: |

 Biscay-----------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

274: |

 Rolfe------------------------| Ponding

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

308: |

 Wadena-----------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 |

308B: |

 Wadena-----------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

330: |

 Kingston---------------------| Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

338: |

 Garmore----------------------| No major considerations

 |
Humboldt County, Iowa 125

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

339: |

 Truman-----------------------| No major considerations

 |

339B: |

 Truman-----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 |

344B: |

 Copaston---------------------| Depth to rock

 | Lime content

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

354: |

 Aquolls----------------------| Ponding

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

485: |

 Spillville-------------------| Flooding

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

506: |

 Wacousta---------------------| Ponding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

507: |

 Canisteo---------------------| Lime content

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

508: |

 Calcousta--------------------| Lime content

 | Ponding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

526: |

 Wacousta---------------------| Ponding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

536: |

 Hanlon-----------------------| Flooding

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Wind erosion

 |
126 Soil Survey of

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

638C2: |

 Clarion----------------------| Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 |

 Storden----------------------| Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

659: |

 Mayer------------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Lime content

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

823: |

 Ridgeport--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Wind erosion

 |

823B: |

 Ridgeport--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

823C2: |

 Ridgeport--------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Limited content of organic matter

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

828B: |

 Zenor------------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

828C2: |

 Zenor------------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Limited content of organic matter

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |
Humboldt County, Iowa 127

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

829D2: |

 Zenor------------------------| Excessive permeability

 | Lime content

 | Limited available water capacity

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

 Storden----------------------| Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

835D2: |

 Storden----------------------| Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

 Omsrud-----------------------| Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

835E2: |

 Storden----------------------| Slope

 | Lime content

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 | Wind erosion

 |

 Omsrud-----------------------| Slope

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | Previously eroded

 | Water erosion

 |

956: |

 Harps------------------------| Lime content

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | High water table

 | Wind erosion

 |

 Okoboji----------------------| Ponding

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

1585: |

 Spillville-------------------| Flooding

 | Channeled

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |
128 Soil Survey of

Table 5.--Cropland Management Considerations--Continued

__________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol | Cropland management

 and | considerations

 soil name | __________________________________________________________________________

 |

1585: |

 Coland-----------------------| Flooding

 | Channeled

 | Potential poor tilth and compaction

 | Potential for ground-water contamination

 | Potential for surface-water contamination

 | High water table

 |

4000. |

 Urban land |

 |

5010, 5030. |

 Pits |

 |

5040, 5080. |

 Udorthents |

 |

AW. |

 Animal waste |

 |

SL. |

 Sewage lagoon |

 |

W. |

 Water |

 | __________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 129

Table 6.--Land Capability, Corn Suitability Rating, Subsoil Nutrients, and Yields per Acre of Crops

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of

 management. They are for nonirrigated areas. Absence of a yield indicates that the soil is not suited to the

 crop or the crop generally is not grown on the soil)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Subsoil | Subsoil | Corn | Oats | Soybeans

 and soil name | capability |suitability | phosphorus | potassium | | |

 | | rating | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | Bu | Bu | Bu

 | | | | | | |

6: | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | 57 | Low | Low | 115 | 81 | 37

 | | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | | |

 Terril------------------| 2e | 85 | Low | Low | 154 | 108 | 49

 | | | | | | |

54: | | | | | | |

 Zook--------------------| 2w | 68 | Low | Low | 122 | 85 | 39

 | | | | | | |

55: | | | | | | |

 Nicollet----------------| 1 | 88 | Low | High | 153 | 107 | 49

 | | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------| 6e | 12 | Low | Low | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

90: | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | 59 | Low | Low | 117 | 82 | 37

 | | | | | | |

95: | | | | | | |

 Harps-------------------| 2w | 62 | Low | Low | 123 | 86 | 39

 | | | | | | |

107: | | | | | | |

 Webster-----------------| 2w | 83 | Low | Low | 142 | 99 | 45

 | | | | | | |

135: | | | | | | |

 Coland------------------| 2w | 78 | Low | High | 133 | 93 | 43

 | | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | | |

 Clarion-----------------| 2e | 80 | Low | Low | 142 | 99 | 45

 | | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | | |

 Clarion-----------------| 3e | 63 | Low | Low | 132 | 92 | 42

 | | | | | | |

175: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3s | 60 | Low | Low | 112 | 78 | 36

 | | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3e | 55 | Low | Low | 109 | 76 | 35

 | | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3e | 40 | Low | Low | 104 | 73 | 33

 | | | | | | |

188: | | | | | | |

 Kensett-----------------| 2s | 63 | Low | Low | 115 | 81 | 37

 | | | | | | |

201B---------------------| | 62 | Low | Low | 134 | 94 | 43

 Coland------------------| 2w | | | | | |

 Terril------------------| 2e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

203: | | | | | | |

 Cylinder----------------| 2s | 76 | Low | Low | 134 | 94 | 43

 | | | | | | |

221: | | | | | | |

 Klossner----------------| 3w | 49 | Low | Low | 113 | 79 | 36

 | | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 2e | 75 | High | Low | 133 | 93 | 43

 | | | | | | |
130 Soil Survey of

Table 6.--Land Capability, Corn Suitability Rating, Subsoil Nutrients, and Yields per Acre of Crops--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Subsoil | Subsoil | Corn | Oats | Soybeans

 and soil name | capability |suitability | phosphorus | potassium | | |

 | | rating | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | Bu | Bu | Bu

 | | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 60 | High | Low | 127 | 89 | 41

 | | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 58 | High | Low | 123 | 86 | 39

 | | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 48 | High | Low | 113 | 79 | 36

 | | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 4e | 40 | High | Low | 100 | 70 | 32

 | | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------| 6e | 20 | High | Low | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | | |

 Farrar------------------| 2e | 60 | Low | Low | 117 | 82 | 37

 | | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | | |

 Farrar------------------| 3e | 45 | Low | Low | 109 | 76 | 35

 | | | | | | |

256G---------------------| | 10 | Low | Low | --- | --- | ---

 Lester------------------| 7e | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------| 7e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

259: | | | | | | |

 Biscay------------------| 2w | 75 | Low | Low | 128 | 90 | 41

 | | | | | | |

274: | | | | | | |

 Rolfe-------------------| 3w | 53 | Low | High | 105 | 74 | 34

 | | | | | | |

308: | | | | | | |

 Wadena------------------| 2s | 69 | Low | Low | 112 | 78 | 36

 | | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | | |

 Wadena------------------| 2e | 64 | Low | Low | 109 | 76 | 35

 | | | | | | |

330: | | | | | | |

 Kingston----------------| 1 | 80 | Low | Low | 140 | 98 | 45

 | | | | | | |

338: | | | | | | |

 Garmore-----------------| 1 | 78 | Low | Low | 137 | 96 | 44

 | | | | | | |

339: | | | | | | |

 Truman------------------| 1 | 86 | Low | Low | 146 | 102 | 47

 | | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | | |

 Truman------------------| 2e | 81 | Low | Low | 144 | 101 | 46

 | | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | | |

 Copaston----------------| 4s | 20 | Low | Low | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

354: | | | | | | |

 Aquolls-----------------| 5w | 5 | | | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

485: | | | | | | |

 Spillville--------------| 2w | 86 | Low | Low | 156 | 109 | 50

 | | | | | | |

506: | | | | | | |

 Wacousta----------------| 3w | 74 | Low | Low | 122 | 85 | 39

 | | | | | | |

507: | | | | | | |

 Canisteo----------------| 2w | 78 | Low | Low | 135 | 95 | 43

 | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 131

Table 6.--Land Capability, Corn Suitability Rating, Subsoil Nutrients, and Yields per Acre of Crops--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Subsoil | Subsoil | Corn | Oats | Soybeans

 and soil name | capability |suitability | phosphorus | potassium | | |

 | | rating | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | Bu | Bu | Bu

 | | | | | | |

508: | | | | | | |

 Calcousta---------------| 3w | 70 | Low | Low | 117 | 82 | 37

 | | | | | | |

526: | | | | | | |

 Wacousta----------------| 3w | 73 | Low | Low | 120 | 84 | 38

 | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | |

 Hanlon------------------| 2s | 60 | Low | Low | 103 | 72 | 33

 | | | | | | |

638C2--------------------| | 58 | Low | Low | 130 | 91 | 42

 Clarion-----------------| 3e | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

659: | | | | | | |

 Mayer-------------------| 2w | 69 | Low | Low | 119 | 87 | 38

 | | | | | | |

823: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3s | 37 | Low | Low | 76 | 53 | 24

 | | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3e | 32 | Low | Low | 73 | 51 | 23

 | | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3e | 15 | Low | Low | 67 | 47 | 21

 | | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | | |

 Zenor-------------------| 3e | 49 | Low | Low | 89 | 62 | 28

 | | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | | |

 Zenor-------------------| 3e | 32 | Low | Low | 81 | 57 | 26

 | | | | | | |

829D2--------------------| | 27 | Low | Low | 94 | 66 | 30

 Zenor-------------------| 4e | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

835D2--------------------| | 46 | Low | Low | 120 | 84 | 38

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | | | | |

 Omsrud------------------| 3e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

835E2--------------------| | 36 | Low | Low | 104 | 73 | 33

 Storden-----------------| 4e | | | | | |

 Omsrud------------------| 4e | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

956----------------------| | 58 | Low | Low | 122 | 85 | 39

 Harps-------------------| 2w | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

1585---------------------| | 25 | Low | Low | --- | --- | ---

 Spillville--------------| 2w | | | | | |

 Coland------------------| 2w | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

4000. | | | | | | |

 Urban land | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel------------| 8s | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone quarries| 8s | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | | | | |

 Udorthents | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
132 Soil Survey of

Table 6.--Land Capability, Corn Suitability Rating, Subsoil Nutrients, and Yields per Acre of Crops--Continued

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | |

 Map symbol | Land | Corn | Subsoil | Subsoil | Corn | Oats | Soybeans

 and soil name | capability |suitability | phosphorus | potassium | | |

 | | rating | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | Bu | Bu | Bu

 | | | | | | |

AW. | | | | | | |

 Animal waste | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SL. | | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 133

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Pasture

(Yields are those that can be expected under a high level of management.

 They are for nonirrigated areas. Absence of a yield indicates that the

 soil is not suited to the crop or the crop generally is not grown on

 the soil)

_____________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Bromegrass- | Kentucky | Smooth

 and soil name | capability |alfalfa hay | bluegrass | bromegrass _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Tons | AUM* | AUM*

 | | | |

6: | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | 3.5 | 2.8 | 4.7

 | | | |

27B: | | | |

 Terril------------------| 2e | 6.5 | 3.8 | 6.3

 | | | |

54: | | | |

 Zook--------------------| 2w | 3.7 | 3.0 | 5.0

 | | | |

55: | | | |

 Nicollet----------------| 1 | 6.1 | 3.8 | 6.3

 | | | |

62F: | | | |

 Storden-----------------| 6e | --- | 2.3 | 3.8

 | | | |

90: | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | 4.7 | 2.9 | 4.8

 | | | |

95: | | | |

 Harps-------------------| 2w | 3.7 | 3.0 | 5.0

 | | | |

107: | | | |

 Webster-----------------| 2w | 4.3 | 3.5 | 5.8

 | | | |

135: | | | |

 Coland------------------| 2w | 4.0 | 3.3 | 5.5

 | | | |

138B: | | | |

 Clarion-----------------| 2e | 6.0 | 3.5 | 5.8

 | | | |

138C2: | | | |

 Clarion-----------------| 3e | 5.5 | 3.2 | 5.4

 | | | |

175: | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3s | 4.7 | 2.8 | 4.6

 | | | |

175B: | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3e | 4.6 | 2.7 | 4.5

 | | | |

175C: | | | |

 Dickinson---------------| 3e | 4.4 | 2.6 | 4.3

 | | | |

188: | | | |

 Kensett-----------------| 2s | 4.6 | 2.8 | 4.7

 | | | |

201B---------------------| | 4.0 | 3.3 | 5.5

 Coland------------------| 2w | | |

 Terril------------------| 2e | | |

 | | | |

203: | | | |

 Cylinder----------------| 2s | 5.4 | 3.3 | 5.5

 | | | |

221: | | | |

 Klossner----------------| 3w | 4.5 | 2.8 | 4.6

 | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
134 Soil Survey of

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Pasture--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Bromegrass- | Kentucky | Smooth

 and soil name | capability |alfalfa hay | bluegrass | bromegrass _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Tons | AUM* | AUM*

 | | | |

236B: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 2e | 5.6 | 3.3 | 5.5

 | | | |

236C: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 5.3 | 3.1 | 5.2

 | | | |

236C2: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 5.2 | 3.0 | 5.0

 | | | |

236D2: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 3e | 4.7 | 2.8 | 4.6

 | | | |

236E: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 4e | 4.2 | 2.5 | 4.1

 | | | |

236F: | | | |

 Lester------------------| 6e | --- | 2.3 | 3.9

 | | | |

253B: | | | |

 Farrar------------------| 2e | 4.9 | 2.9 | 4.8

 | | | |

253C: | | | |

 Farrar------------------| 3e | 4.6 | 2.7 | 4.5

 | | | |

256G---------------------| | --- | 2.7 | ---

 Lester------------------| 7e | | |

 Storden-----------------| 7e | | |

 | | | |

259: | | | |

 Biscay------------------| 2w | 5.4 | 3.1 | 5.2

 | | | |

274: | | | |

 Rolfe-------------------| 3w | 3.2 | 2.6 | 4.3

 | | | |

308: | | | |

 Wadena------------------| 2s | 4.7 | 2.8 | 4.6

 | | | |

308B: | | | |

 Wadena------------------| 2e | 4.6 | 2.7 | 4.5

 | | | |

330: | | | |

 Kingston----------------| 1 | 5.6 | 3.4 | 5.7

 | | | |

338: | | | |

 Garmore-----------------| 1 | 5.8 | 3.4 | 5.6

 | | | |

339: | | | |

 Truman------------------| 1 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 6.0

 | | | |

339B: | | | |

 Truman------------------| 2e | 6.0 | 3.5 | 5.9

 | | | |

344B: | | | |

 Copaston----------------| 4s | --- | 1.5 | 2.6

 | | | |

354: | | | |

 Aquolls-----------------| 5w | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

485: | | | |

 Spillville--------------| 2w | --- | 3.8 | 6.4

 | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
Humboldt County, Iowa 135

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Pasture--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Bromegrass- | Kentucky | Smooth

 and soil name | capability |alfalfa hay | bluegrass | bromegrass _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Tons | AUM* | AUM*

 | | | |

506: | | | |

 Wacousta----------------| 3w | 4.9 | 3.0 | 5.0

 | | | |

507: | | | |

 Canisteo----------------| 2w | 5.4 | 3.3 | 5.5

 | | | |

508: | | | |

 Calcousta---------------| 3w | 4.7 | 2.9 | 4.8

 | | | |

526: | | | |

 Wacousta----------------| 3w | --- | 3.0 | 4.9

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Hanlon------------------| 2s | 4.3 | 2.5 | 4.2

 | | | |

638C2--------------------| | 5.5 | 3.2 | 5.3

 Clarion-----------------| 3e | | |

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | |

 | | | |

659: | | | |

 Mayer-------------------| 2w | 3.7 | 3.1 | 5.1

 | | | |

823: | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3s | 3.2 | 1.9 | 3.1

 | | | |

823B: | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3e | 3.1 | 1.8 | 3.0

 | | | |

823C2: | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------| 3e | 2.8 | 1.6 | 2.7

 | | | |

828B: | | | |

 Zenor-------------------| 3e | 3.7 | 2.2 | 3.6

 | | | |

828C2: | | | |

 Zenor-------------------| 3e | 3.4 | 2.0 | 3.3

 | | | |

829D2--------------------| | 3.9 | 2.3 | 3.9

 Zenor-------------------| 4e | | |

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | |

 | | | |

835D2--------------------| | 5.0 | 3.0 | 4.9

 Storden-----------------| 3e | | |

 Omsrud------------------| 3e | | |

 | | | |

835E2--------------------| | 4.4 | 2.6 | 4.3

 Storden-----------------| 4e | | |

 Omsrud------------------| 4e | | |

 | | | |

956----------------------| | 3.7 | 3.0 | 5.0

 Harps-------------------| 2w | | |

 Okoboji-----------------| 3w | | |

 | | | |

1585---------------------| | --- | 2.9 | ---

 Spillville--------------| 2w | | |

 Coland------------------| 2w | | |

 | | | |

4000. | | | |

 Urban land | | | |

 | | | |

 See footnote at end of table.
136 Soil Survey of

Table 7.--Land Capability and Yields per Acre of Pasture--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Land |Bromegrass- | Kentucky | Smooth

 and soil name | capability |alfalfa hay | bluegrass | bromegrass _____________________________________________________________________________

 | | Tons | AUM* | AUM*

 | | | |

5010: | | | |

 Pits, gravel------------| 8s | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

5030: | | | |

 Pits, limestone quarries| 8s | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | |

 Udorthents | | | |

 | | | |

AW. | | | |

 Animal waste | | | |

 | | | |

SL. | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | |

 | | | |

W. | | | |

 Water | | | |

 | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 * Animal unit month: The amount of forage or feed required to feed one

animal unit (one cow, one horse, one mule, five sheep, or five goats) for

30 days.
Humboldt County, Iowa 137

Table 8.--Prime Farmland

(Only the soils considered prime farmland are listed. Urban or built-up areas of the soils listed are

 not considered prime farmland. If a soil is prime farmland only under certain conditions, the

 conditions are specified in parentheses after the soil name)

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map | Soil name

symbol |

 | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

27B |Terril loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

54 |Zook silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

55 |Nicollet loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes

95 |Harps clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

107 |Webster silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

135 |Coland clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where drained and either

 | protected from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

138B |Clarion loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

175 |Dickinson fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

175B |Dickinson fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

188 |Kensett silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

201B |Coland-Terril complex, 2 to 5 percent slopes (where drained)

203 |Cylinder loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

236B |Lester loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

253B |Farrar fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

259 |Biscay clay loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

308 |Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes

308B |Wadena loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 2 to 5 percent slopes

330 |Kingston silty clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

338 |Garmore loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

339 |Truman silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

339B |Truman silt loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes

485 |Spillville loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where protected from

 | flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

507 |Canisteo clay loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

536 |Hanlon fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, occasionally flooded (where protected

 | from flooding or not frequently flooded during the growing season)

659 |Mayer loam, 32 to 40 inches to sand and gravel, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

956 |Harps-Okoboji, depressional, complex, 0 to 2 percent slopes (where drained)

 | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings (Only the soils that are suitable for windbreaks and environmental plantings are listed. Absence of an entry 

 generally do not grow to the given height) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 6: | | | |  Okoboji-----------------|Redosier dogwood----| --- |Black ash, tall |Black willow, golde | | | purple willow | willow, white  | | | | willow  | | | | 27B: | | | |  Terril------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive, gree | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | ash, honeylocust,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | eastern white pine  | | dogwood | spruce |  | | | | 54: | | | |  Zook--------------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Norway spruce,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, white | eastern white pine  | | honeysuckle, Amur | fir, eastern |  | | privet | arborvitae, |  | | | Austrian pine |  | | | | 55: | | | |  Nicollet----------------| --- |Common lilac, |Eastern arborvitae, |Austrian pine,  | | redosier dogwood | white spruce, Amur | eastern white pine | | | maple, blue spruce | common hackberry,  | | | | green ash  | | | | 62F: | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------ | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | | 90: | | | |  Okoboji-----------------|Redosier dogwood----| --- |Black ash, tall |Black willow, golde | | | purple willow | willow, white  | | | | willow  | | | | 95: | | | |  Harps-------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 107: | | | |  Webster-----------------| --- |American plum, |Amur maple, eastern |Golden willow----- | | cotoneaster, | arborvitae, white |  | | redosier dogwood | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry, tall |  | | | purple willow |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of-- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 135: | | | |  Coland------------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Norway spruce,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, white | eastern white pine  | | honeysuckle, Amur | fir, eastern |  | | privet | arborvitae, |  | | | Austrian pine |  | | | | 138B: | | | |  Clarion-----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 138C2: | | | |  Clarion-----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 175: | | | |  Dickinson---------------|Common lilac--------|Siberian peashrub, |Amur maple, common |Norway spruce,  | | Russian-olive, | hackberry, red | honeylocust  | | eastern redcedar | pine, eastern white|  | | | pine, green ash |  | | | | 175B: | | | |  Dickinson---------------|Common lilac--------|Siberian peashrub, |Amur maple, common |Norway spruce,  | | Russian-olive, | hackberry, red | honeylocust  | | eastern redcedar | pine, eastern white|  | | | pine, green ash |  | | | | 175C: | | | |  Dickinson---------------|Common lilac--------|Siberian peashrub, |Amur maple, common |Norway spruce,  | | Russian-olive, | hackberry, red | honeylocust  | | eastern redcedar | pine, eastern white|  | | | pine, green ash |  | | | | 201B: | | | |  Coland------------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Norway spruce,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, white | eastern white pine  | | honeysuckle, Amur | fir, eastern |  | | privet | arborvitae, |  | | | Austrian pine |  | | | |  Terril------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive, gree | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | ash, honeylocust,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | eastern white pine  | | dogwood | spruce |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 203: | | | |  Cylinder----------------| --- |Common lilac, |Eastern arborvitae, |Austrian pine,  | | redosier dogwood | white spruce, Amur | eastern white pine | | | maple, blue spruce | common hackberry,  | | | | green ash  | | | | 221: | | | |  Klossner----------------|Common ninebark, |Amur honeysuckle, |Tall purple willow |Black willow, golde | silky dogwood, | Amur privet, | | willow  | whitebelle | nannyberry | |  | honeysuckle | | |  | | | | 236B: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 236C: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 236C2: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 236D2: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 236E: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 236F: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of-- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 253B: | | | |  Farrar------------------|Common lilac--------|Siberian peashrub, |Amur maple, common |Norway spruce,  | | Russian-olive, | hackberry, red | honeylocust  | | eastern redcedar | pine, eastern white|  | | | pine, green ash |  | | | | 253C: | | | |  Farrar------------------|Common lilac--------|Siberian peashrub, |Amur maple, common |Norway spruce,  | | Russian-olive, | hackberry, red | honeylocust  | | eastern redcedar | pine, eastern white|  | | | pine, green ash |  | | | | 256G: | | | |  Lester------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------- | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | | 259: | | | |  Biscay------------------| --- |American plum, |Amur maple, eastern |Golden willow------ | | cotoneaster, | arborvitae, white |  | | redosier dogwood | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry, tall |  | | | purple willow |  | | | | 274: | | | |  Rolfe-------------------| --- |American plum, |Amur maple, eastern |Golden willow------ | | redosier dogwood | arborvitae, white |  | | | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry, tall |  | | | purple willow |  | | | | 308: | | | |  Wadena------------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Bur oak, green ash, | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, Russian-| eastern white pine,|  | | olive, common | jack pine |  | | hackberry, eastern | |  | | redcedar | |  | | | | 308B: | | | |  Wadena------------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Bur oak, green ash, | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, Russian-| eastern white pine,|  | | olive, common | jack pine |  | | hackberry, eastern | |  | | redcedar | |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 330: | | | |  Kingston----------------| --- |Common lilac, |Eastern arborvitae, |Austrian pine,  | | redosier dogwood | white spruce, Amur | eastern white pine | | | maple, blue spruce | common hackberry,  | | | | green ash  | | | | 338: | | | |  Garmore-----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 339: | | | |  Truman------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 339B: | | | |  Truman------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 485: | | | |  Spillville--------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Austrian pine,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, | Norway spruce  | | honeysuckle, Amur | eastern arborvitae,|  | | privet | white fir |  | | | | 506: | | | |  Wacousta----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 507: | | | |  Canisteo----------------| --- |Cotoneaster, |White spruce, |Black willow------ | | Washington | eastern arborvitae,|  | | hawthorn, | eastern redcedar, |  | | nannyberry | green ash, |  | | | Osageorange |  | | | | 508: | | | |  Calcousta---------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of-- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 526: | | | |  Wacousta----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 536: | | | |  Hanlon------------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Austrian pine,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, | Norway spruce  | | honeysuckle, Amur | eastern arborvitae,|  | | privet | white fir |  | | | | 638C2: | | | |  Clarion-----------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------- | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | | 659: | | | |  Mayer-------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 823: | | | |  Ridgeport---------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | | 823B: | | | |  Ridgeport---------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | | 823C2: | | | |  Ridgeport---------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 828B: | | | |  Zenor-------------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | | 828C2: | | | |  Zenor-------------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | | 829D2: | | | |  Zenor-------------------|Siberian peashrub, |Manchurian |Russian-olive, bur | ---  | common lilac | crabapple, common | oak, green ash, |  | | hackberry, eastern | eastern white pine,|  | | redcedar | jack pine, |  | | | honeylocust |  | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------ | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | | 835D2: | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------ | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | |  Omsrud------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 835E2: | | | |  Storden-----------------|American plum, |Common hackberry, |Russian-olive, green|Siberian elm------ | Siberian peashrub | eastern redcedar | ash, honeylocust |  | | | |  Omsrud------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern arborvitae, |Russian-olive,  | | common lilac, gray | eastern redcedar, | common hackberry,  | | dogwood, redosier | Amur maple, blue | green ash, eastern  | | dogwood | spruce | white pine  | | | | 956: | | | |  Harps-------------------| --- |Siberian peashrub, |Eastern redcedar, |Green ash, golden  | | common lilac, | bur oak, white | willow, honeylocus | | eastern arborvitae | spruce, common |  | | | hackberry |  | | | | 
Table 9.--Windbreaks and Environmental Plantings--Continued ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Trees having predicted 20-year average height, in feet, of-- Map symbol |__________________________________________________________________________________ and soil name | <8 | 8-15 | 16-25 | 26-35 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ | | | | 956: | | | |  Okoboji-----------------|Redosier dogwood----| --- |Black ash, tall |Black willow, golde | | | purple willow | willow, white  | | | | willow  | | | | 1585: | | | |  Spillville--------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Austrian pine,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, | Norway spruce  | | honeysuckle, Amur | eastern arborvitae,|  | | privet | white fir |  | | | |  Coland------------------|Silky dogwood-------|American |Washington hawthorn,|Norway spruce,  | | cranberrybush, Amur| blue spruce, white | eastern white pine  | | honeysuckle, Amur | fir, eastern |  | | privet | arborvitae, |  | | | Austrian pine |  | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
146 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreak Suitability Groups

(Suitable shrubs and trees with their mature heights are listed

 in table 9. Absence of an entry indicates that no windbreak

 suitability group is assigned)

_________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol and | Windbreak

 soil name | suitability

 | group _________________________________________________________________

 |

6: |

 Okoboji---------------| 2

 |

27B: |

 Terril----------------| 3

 |

54: |

 Zook------------------| 2

 |

55: |

 Nicollet--------------| 1

 |

62F: |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

90: |

 Okoboji---------------| 2

 |

95: |

 Harps-----------------| 2K

 |

107: |

 Webster---------------| 2

 |

135: |

 Coland----------------| 2

 |

138B: |

 Clarion---------------| 3

 |

138C2: |

 Clarion---------------| 3

 |

175: |

 Dickinson-------------| 5

 |

175B: |

 Dickinson-------------| 5

 |

175C: |

 Dickinson-------------| 5

 |

188: |

 Kensett---------------|

 |

201B: |

 Coland----------------| 2

 |

 Terril----------------| 3

 |

203: |

 Cylinder--------------| 1

 |

221: |

 Klossner--------------| 2H

 |

236B: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |
Humboldt County, Iowa 147

Table 10.--Windbreak Suitability Groups--Continued

_________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol and | Windbreak

 soil name | suitability

 | group _________________________________________________________________

 |

236C: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

236C2: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

236D2: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

236E: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

236F: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

253B: |

 Farrar----------------| 5

 |

253C: |

 Farrar----------------| 5

 |

256G: |

 Lester----------------| 3

 |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

259: |

 Biscay----------------| 2

 |

274: |

 Rolfe-----------------| 2

 |

308: |

 Wadena----------------| 6G

 |

308B: |

 Wadena----------------| 6G

 |

330: |

 Kingston--------------| 1

 |

338: |

 Garmore---------------| 3

 |

339: |

 Truman----------------| 3

 |

339B: |

 Truman----------------| 3

 |

344B: |

 Copaston--------------| 10

 |

485: |

 Spillville------------| 1

 |

506: |

 Wacousta--------------| 2

 |

507: |

 Canisteo--------------| 2K

 |
148 Soil Survey of

Table 10.--Windbreak Suitability Groups--Continued

_________________________________________________________________

 |

 Map symbol and | Windbreak

 soil name | suitability

 | group _________________________________________________________________

 |

508: |

 Calcousta-------------| 2

 |

526: |

 Wacousta--------------| 2

 |

536: |

 Hanlon----------------| 1

 |

638C2: |

 Clarion---------------| 3

 |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

659: |

 Mayer-----------------| 2

 |

823: |

 Ridgeport-------------| 6G

 |

823B: |

 Ridgeport-------------| 6G

 |

823C2: |

 Ridgeport-------------| 6G

 |

828B: |

 Zenor-----------------| 6G

 |

828C2: |

 Zenor-----------------| 6G

 |

829D2: |

 Zenor-----------------| 6G

 |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

835D2: |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

 Omsrud----------------| 3

 |

835E2: |

 Storden---------------| 8

 |

 Omsrud----------------| 3

 |

956: |

 Harps-----------------| 2K

 |

 Okoboji---------------| 2

 |

1585: |

 Spillville------------| 1

 |

 Coland----------------| 2

 | _________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 149

Table 11a.--Recreational Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |0.94 | Restricted |0.94

 | Restricted |0.94 | permeability | | permeability |

 | permeability | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |
150 Soil Survey of

Table 11a.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | organic matter | | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 151

Table 11a.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.94 | Restricted |0.94 | Restricted |0.94

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |
152 Soil Survey of

Table 11a.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | Slope |0.12

 | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | organic matter | | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.75 | Depth to |0.98

 | Depth to |0.98 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 153

Table 11a.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.50

 | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | Gravel content |0.04

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15 | Restricted |0.15

 | permeability | | permeability | | permeability |

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |0.19 | Depth to |0.39

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
154 Soil Survey of

Table 11a.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Camp areas | Picnic areas | Playgrounds

 and soil name | | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 155

Table 11b.--Recreational Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.82 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |
156 Soil Survey of

Table 11b.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Depth to bedrock |0.26

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | organic matter | | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.02 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.82 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 157

Table 11b.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.56 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |0.56 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | | | | | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | | | | | Droughty |0.98

 | | | | | Content of large |0.01

 | | | | | stones |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | organic matter | | organic matter | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.44 | Depth to |0.75

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |
158 Soil Survey of

Table 11b.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.26

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.26

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.33

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.11

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.25

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 159

Table 11b.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | Droughty |0.25

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.02 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.02 | | | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | | | Depth to |0.19

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Flooding |0.40 | Flooding |0.40 | Depth to |1.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
160 Soil Survey of

Table 11b.--Recreational Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Paths and trails | Off-road | Golf fairways

 and soil name | | motorcycle trails |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 161

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that no rating is

 applicable)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol and | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- | Wetland

 soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

6: | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | poor. | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Terril------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

54: | | | | | | | | | |

 Zook--------------------|Good |Fair |Good |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

55: | | | | | | | | | |

 Nicollet----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

90: | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | poor. | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

95: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harps-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

107: | | | | | | | | | |

 Webster-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

135: | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland------------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

175: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson---------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

188: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kensett-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland------------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Terril------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |
162 Soil Survey of

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol and | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- | Wetland

 soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

203: | | | | | | | | | |

 Cylinder----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

221: | | | | | | | | | |

 Klossner----------------|Poor |Poor |Poor |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester------------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

259: | | | | | | | | | |

 Biscay------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

274: | | | | | | | | | |

 Rolfe-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

308: | | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

330: | | | | | | | | | |

 Kingston----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 163

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol and | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- | Wetland

 soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

338: | | | | | | | | | |

 Garmore-----------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Poor |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

339: | | | | | | | | | |

 Truman------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Truman------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Copaston----------------|Very |Very |Poor | --- | --- |Very |Very |Very | --- |Very

 | poor. | poor. | | | | poor. | poor. | poor. | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

354. | | | | | | | | | |

 Aquolls | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

485: | | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

506: | | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta----------------|Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

507: | | | | | | | | | |

 Canisteo----------------|Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

508: | | | | | | | | | |

 Calcousta---------------|Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

526: | | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta----------------|Good |Good |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | |

 Hanlon------------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

659: | | | | | | | | | |

 Mayer-------------------|Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

823: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport---------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |
164 Soil Survey of

Table 12.--Wildlife Habitat--Continued

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Potential for habitat elements |Potential as habitat for-- __________________________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol and | Grain | | Wild | | | | | Open- | Wood- | Wetland

 soil name | and |Grasses|herba- | Hard- |Conif- |Wetland|Shallow| land | land | wild-

 | seed | and | ceous | wood | erous |plants | water | wild- | wild- | life

 | crops |legumes|plants | trees |plants | | areas | life | life | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud------------------|Fair |Good |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Good |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-----------------|Fair |Good |Good |Fair |Poor |Very |Very |Fair |Fair |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud------------------|Poor |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Very |Very |Fair |Good |Very

 | | | | | | poor. | poor. | | | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

956: | | | | | | | | | |

 Harps-------------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Poor |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-----------------|Fair |Fair |Fair |Fair |Very |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | poor. | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville--------------|Good |Good |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Fair.

 | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland------------------|Good |Good |Good |Fair |Fair |Good |Good |Good |Fair |Good.

 | | | | | | | | | |

4000. | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel------------|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone quarries|Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very |Very

 | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor. | poor.

 | | | | | | | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

AW. | | | | | | | | | |

 Animal waste | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

SL. | | | | | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 165

Table 13a.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | Shrink-swell |0.32

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |
166 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Depth to |0.16 | Shrink-swell |0.01

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | Slope |0.88

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | bedrock | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to hard |0.26 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to hard |0.26

 | bedrock | | saturated zone | | bedrock |

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Subsidence |1.00 | Subsidence |1.00 | Subsidence |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | | | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.18

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 167

Table 13a.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | Shrink-swell |0.18

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | Shrink-swell |0.18

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | Shrink-swell |0.32

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |
168 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Depth to |0.16 | Shrink-swell |0.01

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | bedrock | | bedrock | | bedrock |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | organic matter | | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.98 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.98

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Shrink-swell |0.01

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | Shrink-swell |0.01

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | Shrink-swell |0.32

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 169

Table 13a.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | Slope |0.88

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | | | Shrink-swell |0.01

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Slope |0.88

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | Shrink-swell |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |
170 Soil Survey of

Table 13a.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Dwellings without | Dwellings with | Small commercial

 and soil name | basements | basements | buildings

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | Shrink-swell |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.39 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.39

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | Shrink-swell |0.50

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 171

Table 13b.--Building Site Development

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | Frost action |1.00 | Too clayey |0.01 | |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |
172 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | |

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | |

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | |

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Depth to |0.75 | bedrock | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.26

 | Depth to hard |0.26 | saturated zone | | |

 | bedrock | | | | |

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 173

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Depth to |0.75 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | |

 | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Subsidence |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | organic matter |

 | Ponding |1.00 | organic matter | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Slope |0.63 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | |
174 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |0.78 | | | |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Too clayey |0.01 | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | Low strength |0.22 | saturated zone | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 175

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | bedrock | | bedrock | | Droughty |0.98

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | Content of large |0.01

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | stones |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | organic matter | | |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |0.75

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.75 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |0.60

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.32 | | | |

 | | | | | |
176 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Flooding |0.60

 | Frost action |0.50 | Flooding |0.60 | |

 | | | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | Depth to |0.16 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | |

 | Low strength |0.22 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Droughty |0.26

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Droughty |0.26

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Droughty |0.33

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Droughty |0.11

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Droughty |0.25

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Cutbanks cave |0.90 | Slope |0.63

 | | | Slope |0.63 | Droughty |0.25

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 177

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Frost action |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Low strength |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |1.00 | | | |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Low strength |1.00 | saturated zone | | Depth to |0.19

 | Frost action |0.50 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |0.19 | | | |

 | saturated zone | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Frost action |1.00 | Flooding |0.80 | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | | | |

 | Low strength |1.00 | | | |

 | Shrink-swell |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
178 Soil Survey of

Table 13b.--Building Site Development--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Local roads and | Shallow excavations | Lawns and landscaping

 and soil name | streets | |

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 179

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but

 does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation. The numbers in

 the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the

 greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings

 in this table)

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

6: | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.91 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

27B: | | | |

 Terril--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Seepage |0.50

 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

54: | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.99 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

55: | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

62F: | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

90: | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.91 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

95: | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
180 Soil Survey of

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

107: | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

135: | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

138B: | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Seepage |0.50

 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

138C2: | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.50

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

175: | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | |

 | | | |

175B: | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

175C: | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

188: | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | bedrock |

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | Depth to |1.00

 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | |

201B: | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 181

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

201B: | | | |

 Terril--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Seepage |0.50

 | saturated zone | | Slope |0.32

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

203: | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Filtering |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | capacity | | |

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

221: | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Subsidence |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.37 | Content of |1.00

 | permeability | | organic matter |

 | | | |

236B: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Restricted |0.35 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

236C: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |0.35 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | |

236C2: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |0.35 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | |

236D2: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.35 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

236E: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.35 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

236F: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.35 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
182 Soil Survey of

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

253B: | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

253C: | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

256G: | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.35 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

259: | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | |

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

274: | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.99 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

308: | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | |

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

308B: | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.32

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

330: | | | |

 Kingston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 183

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

338: | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Seepage |0.50

 | saturated zone | | |

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

339: | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

339B: | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

344B: | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | | | bedrock |

 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | Slope |0.08

 | | | |

354: | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | | | organic matter |

 | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | |

485: | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

506: | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

507: | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
184 Soil Survey of

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

508: | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

526: | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |0.43 | Seepage |1.00

 | saturated zone | | |

 | | | |

638C2: | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |0.43 | Slope |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |0.50

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Slope |1.00

 | permeability | | Seepage |0.50

 | | | |

659: | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | |

 | Restricted |0.25 | |

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

823: | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | |

 | | | |

823B: | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

823C2: | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 185

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

828B: | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |0.32

 | | | |

828C2: | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | capacity | | Slope |1.00

 | | | |

829D2: | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | capacity | | Seepage |1.00

 | Slope |0.63 | |

 | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

835D2: | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

835E2: | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

956: | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.91 | Seepage |0.50

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |
186 Soil Survey of

Table 14a.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

_________________________________________________________________________

 | |

 Map symbol | Septic tank | Sewage lagoons

 and soil name | absorption fields |

 | |

 | | ___________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | _________________________________________________________________________

 | | | |

1585: | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Flooding |1.00

 | Restricted |0.25 | Seepage |1.00

 | permeability | | |

 | | | |

4000: | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

5010: | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

5030: | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

5040: | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

5080: | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

AW: | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

SL: | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | |

W: | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | _________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 187

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Hard to compact |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Hard to compact |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Hard to compact |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |
188 Soil Survey of

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | Ponding |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 189

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | Too clayey |0.50

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | | | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Hard to compact |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Too clayey |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |
190 Soil Survey of

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Too clayey |0.50

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Content of |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Content of |1.00

 | organic matter | | Ponding |1.00 | organic matter |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Ponding |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | Seepage |0.21

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 191

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Seepage |0.50

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Not limited |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Too sandy |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Seepage |1.00

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Too sandy |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00

 | Seepage |1.00 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | Slope |0.63 | | | Too sandy |0.50

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |
192 Soil Survey of

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Hard to compact |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Depth to |1.00

 | Too clayey |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | | | Too clayey |1.00

 | | | | | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |0.86

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | saturated zone |

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | Too clayey |0.50

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | |

 | Too clayey |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 193

Table 14b.--Sanitary Facilities--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Trench sanitary | Area sanitary | Daily cover for

 and soil name | landfill | landfill | landfill

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
194 Soil Survey of

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | Restricted |0.22 | Restricted |0.22

 | limitation | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Restricted |0.30 | | | |

 | permeability | | | | |

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Restricted |1.00 | permeability |

 | Flooding |0.60 | permeability | | Flooding |0.60

 | Leaching |0.50 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | Restricted |0.22 | Restricted |0.22

 | limitation | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Restricted |0.30 | | | |

 | permeability | | | | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 195

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | limitation | | | | |

 | Flooding |0.60 | | | |

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.05 | Droughty |0.05 | Droughty |0.05

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.05 | Droughty |0.05 | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.05

 | | | | | |
196 Soil Survey of

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | Depth to bedrock |0.26 | Depth to bedrock |0.26

 | Droughty |0.01 | Droughty |0.01 | Droughty |0.01

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | limitation | | | | |

 | Flooding |0.60 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.90 | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 197

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | Too acid |0.03 | Too acid |0.14 | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too acid |0.14

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Depth to dense |1.00 | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | layer | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |
198 Soil Survey of

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Restricted |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | permeability | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Restricted |1.00 | Restricted |1.00

 | saturated zone | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Too acid |0.02 | Too acid |0.07 | Too acid |0.07

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Not limited |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 199

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Droughty |1.00 | Droughty |1.00

 | Droughty |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Depth to bedrock |1.00

 | Runoff limitation|0.40 | | | |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00 | Low adsorption |1.00

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | Depth to | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |0.60 | saturated zone |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Flooding |0.60 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |0.60

 | | | | | |
200 Soil Survey of

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Not limited | |Not limited | |Somewhat limited: |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89 | Droughty |0.89

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.91 | Droughty |0.91 | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.91

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.79 | Droughty |0.79 | Droughty |0.79

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.08

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 201

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.88 | Droughty |0.88 | Too steep for |0.92

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.88

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.02

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00 | Filtering |1.00

 | capacity | | capacity | | capacity |

 | Droughty |0.88 | Droughty |0.88 | Too steep for |1.00

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Droughty |0.88

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |0.63 | Slope |0.63 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |0.78

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |
202 Soil Survey of

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Slope |1.00 | Slope |1.00 | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | surface |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | Too steep for |1.00

 | | | | | sprinkler |

 | | | | | application |

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00 | Ponding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | Restricted |0.22 | Restricted |0.22

 | limitation | | permeability | | permeability |

 | Restricted |0.30 | | | |

 | permeability | | | | |

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to |1.00

 | saturated zone | | saturated zone | | saturated zone |

 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00 | Flooding |1.00

 | Leaching |0.70 | | | |

 | limitation | | | | |

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 203

Table 15.--Agricultural Waste Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Application of | Application | Disposal of

 and soil name | manure and food- | of sewage sludge | wastewater

 | processing waste | | by irrigation

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
204 Soil Survey of

Table 16.--Construction Materials

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.00 to 0.99. The

 smaller the value, the greater the potential limitation. See text for further explanation of

 ratings in this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.05

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.89

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.05

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Carbonate content|0.68

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.98

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 205

Table 16.--Construction Materials--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.95 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.95 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.95 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.74

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Rock fragments |0.88

 | | | | | Depth to |0.89

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.98

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Possible | |Fair | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.85 | Depth to |0.89

 | Bottom layer |0.03 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.99

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Content of |0.00

 | | | | | organic matter |

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |
206 Soil Survey of

Table 16.--Construction Materials--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Possible | |Good | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.03 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Too clayey |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | | | | | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Possible | |Good | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | Bottom layer |0.03 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Possible | |Good | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Hard to reclaim |0.82

 | Bottom layer |0.03 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 207

Table 16.--Construction Materials--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.89

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to bedrock |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.89

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08 | |

 | | | | | |
208 Soil Survey of

Table 16.--Construction Materials--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Possible | |Fair | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.86 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.03 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Hard to reclaim |0.68

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Improbable | |Fair | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.20 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Rock fragments |0.97

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08 | |

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Improbable | |Good | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Rock fragments |0.97

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08 | |

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Improbable | |Good | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.91 | Slope |0.37

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.08 | Rock fragments |0.97

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Fair |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.37

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 209

Table 16.--Construction Materials--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Potential source of | Potential source of | Potential source of

 and soil name | gravel | sand | topsoil

 | | |

 | | | _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class |Value| Rating class |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | | | | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Carbonate content|0.97

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Slope |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Carbonate content|0.68

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.05

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Improbable | |Poor | |Good |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | |

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Improbable | |Poor | |Poor |

 | Thickest layer |0.00 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Depth to |0.00

 | Bottom layer |0.00 | Thickest layer |0.00 | saturated zone |

 | | | | | Too clayey |0.98

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
210 Soil Survey of

Table 17.--Water Management

(The information in this table indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the

 need for onsite investigation. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The

 larger the value, the greater the limitation. See text for further explanation of ratings in

 this table)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

6: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Hard to pack |0.83 | |

 | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.46 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

54: | | | | | |

 Zook----------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.05 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.95

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Hard to pack |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

55: | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.98 | |

 | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

90: | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Hard to pack |0.60 | |

 | | | | | |

95: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |

107: | | | | | |

 Webster-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.40 | |

 | | | | | |

135: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.31 | |

 | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 211

Table 17.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

175: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.95 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.95 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.95 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

188: | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Depth to hard |1.00

 | Depth to bedrock |0.79 | saturated zone | | bedrock |

 | | | Thin layer |0.79 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.31 | |

 | | | | | |

 Terril--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.59 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

203: | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Seepage |0.85 | |

 | | | | | |

221: | | | | | |

 Klossner------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |1.00 | |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.70 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.70 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.38 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.38 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |
212 Soil Survey of

Table 17.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.46 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.38 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.18 | | | |

 | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.76 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Piping |0.91 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | Seepage |0.09 | |

 | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | |

 Lester--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.76 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.64 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.64 | | | |

 | | | | | |

259: | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Seepage |0.91 | |

 | | | | | |

274: | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

308: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.93 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

330: | | | | | |

 Kingston------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.79 | |

 | | | | | |

338: | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.82 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 213

Table 17.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

339: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.97 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | |

 Truman--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |0.97 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | |

 Copaston------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Thin layer |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Depth to bedrock |1.00 | Piping |0.18 | |

 | | | Seepage |0.08 | |

 | | | | | |

354: | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Content of |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | organic matter | | |

 | | | Depth to |1.00 | |

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | | | |

485: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.80 | |

 | | | | | |

506: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Piping |0.88 | |

 | | | | | |

507: | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Piping |0.01 | |

 | | | | | |

508: | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Piping |0.40 | |

 | | | | | |

526: | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Piping |0.28 | |

 | | | | | |

536: | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.08 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |
214 Soil Survey of

Table 17.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

659: | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |1.00

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Seepage |0.93 | |

 | | | | | |

823: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |0.20 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Seepage |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.01 | | | |

 | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | |

 Storden-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Piping |1.00 | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.04 | | | |

 | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 215

Table 17.--Water Management--Continued

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | |

 Map symbol | Pond reservoir areas | Embankments, dikes, and | Aquifer-fed

 and soil name | | levees | excavated ponds _____________________________________________________________________________

 | Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value| Rating class and |Value

 | limiting features | | limiting features | | limiting features | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | |

956: | | | | | |

 Harps---------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------|Somewhat limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |0.70 | Depth to |1.00 | Slow refill |0.30

 | | | saturated zone | | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | Ponding |1.00 | |

 | | | Hard to pack |0.78 | |

 | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | |

 Spillville----------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | Deep to water |0.01

 | | | Piping |0.86 | |

 | | | | | |

 Coland--------------|Very limited: | |Very limited: | |Somewhat limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | Depth to |1.00 | Cutbanks cave |0.10

 | | | saturated zone | | |

 | | | Piping |0.35 | |

 | | | | | |

4000: | | | | | |

 Urban land----------|Very limited: | |Not limited | |Very limited: |

 | Seepage |1.00 | | | Deep to water |1.00

 | Slope |0.50 | | | |

 | | | | | |

5010: | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | |

 quarries-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5040: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, loamy | | | | | |

 (cut and fill land)|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

5080: | | | | | |

 Udorthents, sanitary| | | | | |

 landfill-----------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

AW: | | | | | |

 Animal waste--------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

SL: | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon-------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | |

W: | | | | | |

 Water---------------|Not rated | |Not rated | |Not rated |

 | | | | | | ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties (Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 6: | | | | | | | | |  Okoboji---------| 0-6 |Silty clay loam|CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | 6-32 |Silty clay loam|CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 |32-56 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  |56-60 |Loam, silty |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 27B: | | | | | | | | |  Terril----------| 0-9 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-90  | 9-36 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-90  |36-50 |Loam, clay loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|70-90  |50-60 |Clay loam, loam|CL-ML, CL, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|65-95  | | | SC-SM, SC | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 54: | | | | | | | | |  Zook------------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 8-20 |Silty clay loam|CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |20-60 |Silty clay, |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 55: | | | | | | | | |  Nicollet--------| 0-10 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |10-17 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |17-36 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|90-100|75-90  |36-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 62F: | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-34 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |34-80 |Loam, sandy |SC, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 90: | | | | | | | | |  Okoboji---------| 0-8 |Mucky silty |MH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 8-20 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  |20-40 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  |40-60 |Loam, silty |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 95: | | | | | | | | |  Harps-----------| 0-8 |Loam |CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  | 8-16 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CH |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  |16-42 |Loam, clay loam|CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  |42-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 107: | | | | | | | | |  Webster---------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-95  | 8-16 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-95  |16-32 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-95  |32-60 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, CL-ML,|A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 135: | | | | | | | | |  Coland----------| 0-8 |Clay loam |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 8-32 |Silty clay |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |32-40 |Clay loam |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |40-60 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|60-70  | | loam, sandy | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 138B: | | | | | | | | |  Clarion---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  | 7-18 |Loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |18-36 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  |36-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 138C2: | | | | | | | | |  Clarion---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  | 7-16 |Loam |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |16-35 |Loam |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |35-60 |Loam, sandy |SC, SC-SM, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 175: | | | | | | | | |  Dickinson-------| 0-9 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC, SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | 9-18 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC-SM, SC|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  |18-30 |Fine sandy |SC-SM, SM, SC|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |30-36 |Loamy sand, |SC-SM, SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |80-95  | | loamy fine | | | | | | |  | | sand, fine | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  |36-60 |Sand |SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90  | | | | | | | | | 175B: | | | | | | | | |  Dickinson-------| 0-9 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC, SC-SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | 9-18 |Fine sandy |SC, SC-SM, SM|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |18-30 |Fine sandy |SC, SM, SC-SM|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |30-36 |Loamy sand, |SC-SM, SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |80-95  | | loamy fine | | | | | | |  | | sand, fine | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  |36-60 |Sand, loamy |SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90  | | fine sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 175C: | | | | | | | | |  Dickinson-------| 0-8 |Fine sandy loam|SM, SC, SC-SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | 8-12 |Fine sandy |SM, SC-SM, SC|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |12-35 |Fine sandy |SM, SC-SM, SC|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |35-50 |Loamy sand, |SM, SC-SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |80-95  | | loamy fine | | | | | | |  | | sand, fine | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  |50-60 |Sand, loamy |SM |A-3, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |70-90  | | fine sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 188: | | | | | | | | |  Kensett---------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-95  | 8-14 |Silty clay loam|ML, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-95  |14-21 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 2-5 |90-95 |85-95 |80-90  |21-33 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2, A-6| 0 | 2-5 |90-95 |80-90 |50-60  | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 33 |Unweathered | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 201B: | | | | | | | | |  Coland----------| 0-8 |Clay loam |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 8-32 |Silty clay |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | loam, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |32-40 |Clay loam |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |40-60 |Loam, sandy |SC, SC-SM, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|60-70  | | loam, sandy | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Terril----------| 0-9 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-90  | 9-36 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-90  |36-43 |Loam, clay loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|70-90  |43-60 |Clay loam, |CL, SC-SM, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|65-95  | | loam, sandy | SC, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 203: | | | | | | | | |  Cylinder--------| 0-8 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|80-10 | 8-18 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|80-10 |18-34 |Loam, clay loam|CL, SC |A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|80-95  |34-80 |Gravelly sand, |SP-SM, SM |A-1, A-3, A-2| 0 | 0-10 |65-95 |65-95 |20-55  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 221: | | | | | | | | |  Klossner--------| 0-10 |Muck |PT |A-1 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  |10-26 |Muck |PT |A-1 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  |26-48 |Mucky silty |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |85-100|80-100|70-95  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | clay loam, | | | | | | |  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  |48-80 |Clay loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |85-100|80-100|70-95  | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam, fine | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236B: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-9 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 9-13 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |13-40 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |40-80 |Loam, sandy |SC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL-ML, SC-SM| | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236C: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-9 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 9-13 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |13-40 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |40-80 |Loam, sandy |SC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL-ML, SC-SM| | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236C2: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-8 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 8-38 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |38-60 |Loam, sandy |SC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC-SM, CL-ML| | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236D2: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-8 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 8-38 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |38-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236E: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-7 |Loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 7-10 |Loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |10-36 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |36-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 236F: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-6 |Loam |ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 6-9 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6, A-4| 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 9-38 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |38-60 |Loam, sandy |CL, CL-ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 253B: | | | | | | | | |  Farrar----------| 0-7 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | 7-14 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  |14-21 |Loam |SC, CL |A-2 | --- | --- |90-100|85-100|74-90  |21-60 |Loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 253C: | | | | | | | | |  Farrar----------| 0-8 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  | 8-14 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  |14-24 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |85-95  |24-60 |Loam |CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | | | | | | | | 256G: | | | | | | | | |  Lester----------| 0-6 |Loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 6-9 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-7, A-6, A-4| 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 9-27 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |27-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC-SM, SC | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-10 |Loam, clay loam|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |10-80 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 259: | | | | | | | | |  Biscay----------| 0-7 |Clay loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|70-95  | 7-20 |Loam, clay loam|ML, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|70-95  |20-35 |Loam, clay |ML, CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |35-80 |Stratified |GP, GP-GM, |A-1 | --- | 0-5 |45-95 |35-95 |20-45  | | gravelly | SP-SM, SP | | | | | |  | | coarse sand to| | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 274: | | | | | | | | |  Rolfe-----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |ML, CL, OL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 |10-21 |Silt loam |OL, ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 |21-55 |Clay, silty |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|90-10 | | clay, clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |55-80 |Clay loam, loam|CL |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|80-90  | | | | | | | | | 308: | | | | | | | | |  Wadena----------| 0-8 |Loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|75-95  | 8-13 |Loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|75-95  |13-34 |Loam, sandy |CL, SM, ML, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|75-95  | | loam, sandy | SC | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |34-60 |Stratified |SP-SM, GP, |A-2, A-1, A-3| 0-3 | 0-5 |45-100|35-100|10-80  | | gravelly | SP, GP-GM | | | | | |  | | coarse sand to| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 308B: | | | | | | | | |  Wadena----------| 0-8 |Loam |ML |A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|75-95  | 8-13 |Loam |SM, CL, ML, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|75-95  | | | SC | | | | | |  |13-34 |Loam, sandy |SM, SC, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 |95-100|80-100|75-95  | | loam, sandy | ML | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |34-60 |Stratified |SP-SM, GP, |A-1, A-3, A-2| 0-3 | 0-5 |45-100|35-100|10-80  | | gravelly | SP, GP-GM | | | | | |  | | coarse sand to| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 330: | | | | | | | | |  Kingston--------| 0-9 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 9-20 |Silty clay loam|CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |20-40 |Silty clay |CL, CL-ML, ML|A-6, A-4, A-7| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |40-60 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL, ML|A-4, A-7, A-6| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 338: | | | | | | | | |  Garmore---------| 0-6 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | 6-12 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |12-20 |Loam, clay |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |20-57 |Loam, clay loam|CL |A-6 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  |57-80 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|90-100|80-95  | | | | | | | | | 339: | | | | | | | | |  Truman----------| 0-9 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 9-22 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |22-48 |Silt loam, |CL-ML, CL |A-6, A-4, A-7| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |48-60 |Silt loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | | | | | | | | 339B: | | | | | | | | |  Truman----------| 0-10 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |10-18 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |18-42 |Silt loam, |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4, A-7| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |42-60 |Silt loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 344B: | | | | | | | | |  Copaston--------| 0-9 |Sandy loam |CL |A-7-6, A-6 | 0 | 0-10 |85-100|85-100|80-10 | 9-16 |Loam, sandy |CL |A-6 | --- | 0-10 |85-100|85-100|85-10 | | loam | | | | | | |  | 16 |Unweathered | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | bedrock | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 354: | | | | | | | | |  Aquolls---------| 0-40 |Variable |PT |A-1 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---  | | | | | | | | | 485: | | | | | | | | |  Spillville------| 0-20 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|85-95  |20-54 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|85-95  |54-80 |Sandy clay |SC-SM, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-90  | | loam, loam, | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 506: | | | | | | | | |  Wacousta--------| 0-9 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 9-14 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |14-16 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |16-60 |Silt loam, |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 507: | | | | | | | | |  Canisteo--------| 0-10 |Clay loam |OL, ML |A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 |10-18 |Clay loam |ML, OL |A-7 | 0 | 0 |95-100|95-100|85-10 |18-39 |Clay loam, |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 |98-100|90-100|85-95  | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |39-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, SC-SM,|A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 508: | | | | | | | | |  Calcousta-------| 0-9 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | 9-13 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |13-25 |Silty clay |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |25-60 |Silty clay |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | --- | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 526: | | | | | | | | |  Wacousta--------| 0-7 |Mucky silty |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | 7-14 |Silty clay loam|CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |14-27 |Silty clay |CL, CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silt | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |27-60 |Silt loam, |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|85-10 | | silty clay | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 536: | | | | | | | | |  Hanlon----------| 0-8 |Fine sandy loam|SC-SM, SM, SC|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |75-80  | 8-39 |Fine sandy loam|SC, SM, SC-SM|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |75-80  |39-57 |Fine sandy |SC-SM, SC, SM|A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |75-80  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |57-80 |Stratified |CL, SC-SM, |A-4, A-2, A-6| 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |80-90  | | loam, | SC, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | sandy loam, | | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 638C2: | | | | | | | | |  Clarion---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  | 7-16 |Loam, silt loam|CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |16-35 |Loam, silt loam|CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |35-60 |Loam, sandy |CL, SC, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC-SM, CL-ML| | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-11 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |11-80 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 659: | | | | | | | | |  Mayer-----------| 0-9 |Loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-2 |95-100|85-100|70-90  | 9-19 |Loam |CL, ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-2 |95-100|85-100|70-90  |19-35 |Loam, clay loam|SC, CL |A-6 | 0 | 0-2 |95-100|80-100|80-95  |35-60 |Gravelly coarse|SW, SP-SM, SP|A-1 | 0-1 | 0-10 |65-95 |45-85 |20-45  | | sand, sand, | | | | | | |  | | coarse sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 823: | | | | | | | | |  Ridgeport-------| 0-8 |Sandy loam |SM, SC-SM, SC|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  | 8-14 |Sandy loam |SC-SM, SC, SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  |14-34 |Sandy loam, |SC, SC-SM, SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|65-85  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |34-60 |Stratified |SP, SP-SM, |A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |80-95 |75-95 |35-50  | | gravelly loamy| SW-SM, SW | | | | | |  | | sand, | | | | | | |  | | stratified | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 823B: | | | | | | | | |  Ridgeport-------| 0-9 |Sandy loam |SC-SM, SM, SC|A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  | 9-14 |Sandy loam |SC-SM, SM, SC|A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  |14-34 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, SC, SM|A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|65-85  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |34-60 |Gravelly loamy |SP, SW-SM, |A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |80-95 |75-95 |35-50  | | sand, gravelly| SP-SM, SW | | | | | |  | | sand, sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 823C2: | | | | | | | | |  Ridgeport-------| 0-8 |Sandy loam |SM, SC-SM, SC|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  | 8-13 |Sandy loam |SC, SC-SM, SM|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|90-100|70-90  |13-33 |Sandy loam, |SM, SC-SM, SC|A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0 |95-100|85-100|65-85  | | gravelly sandy| | | | | | |  | | loam | | | | | | |  |33-60 |Gravelly loamy |SP-SM, SW-SM,|A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |80-95 |75-95 |35-50  | | sand, gravelly| SW, SP | | | | | |  | | sand, sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 828B: | | | | | | | | |  Zenor-----------| 0-8 |Sandy loam |SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |60-70  | 8-33 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |50-70  | | loam | | | | | | |  |33-60 |Sand, gravelly |SW, SP, SP-SM|A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-90 |20-40  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 828C2: | | | | | | | | |  Zenor-----------| 0-8 |Sandy loam |SC, SC-SM |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |60-70  | 8-30 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, SC |A-2, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |50-70  | | loam | | | | | | |  |30-60 |Sand, gravelly |SW, SP, SP-SM|A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-90 |20-40  | | loamy sand, | | | | | | |  | | gravelly sand,| | | | | | |  | | loamy sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 829D2: | | | | | | | | |  Zenor-----------| 0-8 |Sandy loam |SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |60-70  | 8-30 |Sandy loam, |SC-SM, SC |A-4, A-2 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-95 |50-70  | | loam | | | | | | |  |30-60 |Sand, gravelly |SP-SM, SW, SP|A-1 | 0 | 0-5 |85-95 |80-90 |20-40  | | sand, loamy | | | | | | |  | | sand | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-11 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |11-80 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 835D2: | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-11 |Loam, clay loam|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |11-80 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Omsrud----------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  | 7-24 |Loam, silt loam|CL, CL-ML |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |24-60 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 835E2: | | | | | | | | |  Storden---------| 0-7 |Loam |CL, ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|70-85  | 7-10 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |95-100|85-97 |70-85  |10-80 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Omsrud----------| 0-8 |Loam |CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  | 8-29 |Loam, silt loam|CL-ML, CL |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|75-90  |29-49 |Loam, clay loam|CL, CL-ML |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  |49-60 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, CL-ML,|A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | SC, CL | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage pass Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |___________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | 956: | | | | | | | | |  Harps-----------| 0-8 |Clay loam |CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  | 8-18 |Loam, clay |CH, CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |18-44 |Loam, clay |CL, CH |A-6, A-7 | 0 | 0-5 |95-100|95-100|80-90  | | loam, sandy | | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  |44-60 |Loam, sandy |SC-SM, SC, |A-4, A-6 | 0-1 | 0-5 |90-100|85-100|75-90  | | loam | CL, CL-ML | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Okoboji---------| 0-8 |Silty clay loam|CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | 8-29 |Silty clay loam|CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 |29-52 |Silty clay |CH |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | loam, silty | | | | | | |  | | clay | | | | | | |  |52-60 |Loam, silty |CH, CL |A-7 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |90-10 | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 1585: | | | | | | | | |  Spillville------| 0-47 |Loam |CL |A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|85-95  |47-80 |Sandy clay |CL-ML, CL, |A-4, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 |95-100|80-90  | | loam, loam, | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | sandy loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | |  Coland----------| 0-39 |Clay loam |CL |A-7, A-6 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 |95-10 |39-60 |Loam, sandy |CL-ML, CL, |A-6, A-4 | 0 | 0 | 100 |90-100|60-70  | | loam, sandy | SC, SC-SM | | | | | |  | | clay loam | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 4000. | | | | | | | | |  Urban land | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 5010, 5030. | | | | | | | | |  Pits | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 5040, 5080. | | | | | | | | |  Udorthents | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | AW. | | | | | | | | |  Animal waste | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | 
Table 18.--Engineering Index Properties--Continued _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Classification | Fragments | Percentage passi Map symbol |Depth | USDA texture |___________________________|_____________| sieve number- and | | | | | >10 | 3-10 |____________________ soil name | | | Unified | AASHTO |inches|inches| 4 | 10 | 40 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ | In | | | | Pct | Pct | | |  | | | | | | | | | SL. | | | | | | | | |  Sewage lagoon | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | W. | | | | | | | | |  Water | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 229

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils

(Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile. Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "Wind

 erodibility index" apply only to the surface layer. Absence of an entry indicates that data were not estimated)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

6: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji---------------| 0-6 | 35-40|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.9 | 9.0-12 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 4 | 86

 | 6-32 | 35-40|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.9 | 3.0-9.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 32-56 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 56-60 | 25-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.6-5.8 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Terril----------------| 0-9 | 18-26|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-36 | 18-32|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 36-50 | 24-30|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-4.2 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 50-60 | 15-30|1.45-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

54: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Zook------------------| 0-8 | 35-40|1.30-1.35| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.9 | 5.0-7.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 8-20 | 35-40|1.30-1.35| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.9 | 4.0-5.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 20-60 | 36-45|1.30-1.45| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.13| 6.0-8.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

55: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Nicollet--------------| 0-10 | 21-27|1.15-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 1.3-3.2 | 5.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 10-17 | 22-27|1.15-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 1.3-3.2 | 3.0-5.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 17-36 | 17-30|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 0.1-4.2 | 0.5-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 36-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-34 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 34-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

90: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji---------------| 0-8 | 20-30|1.20-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.25| 0.1-4.2 | 12-18 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-20 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 4.0-10 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 20-40 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 6.0-8.9 | 2.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 40-60 | 25-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.6-5.8 | 1.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

95: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harps-----------------| 0-8 | 18-26|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 0.1-2.9 | 4.5-5.5 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 8-16 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.1-4.2 | 3.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 16-42 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.1-4.2 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 42-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

107: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Webster---------------| 0-8 | 27-35|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 3.2-5.8 | 6.0-7.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 8-16 | 27-35|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 3.2-5.8 | 4.0-5.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 16-32 | 25-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.18| 2.6-5.8 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 32-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

135: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland----------------| 0-8 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 5.0-7.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-32 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 4.0-5.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 32-40 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 40-60 | 12-26|1.50-1.65| 0.6-6 |0.13-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion---------------| 0-7 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 3.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-18 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.0-3.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 18-36 | 24-30|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-4.2 | 0.5-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 36-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
230 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion---------------| 0-7 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.2-3.2 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-16 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 16-35 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 35-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

175: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-------------| 0-9 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 9-18 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 18-30 | 10-15|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .17 | .17 | | |

 | 30-36 | 4-10|1.55-1.65| 6-20 |0.08-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 36-60 | 4-10|1.60-1.70| 6-20 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-------------| 0-9 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 9-18 | 10-15|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .17 | .17 | | |

 | 18-30 | 10-15|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .17 | .17 | | |

 | 30-36 | 4-10|1.55-1.65| 6-20 |0.08-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 36-60 | 4-10|1.60-1.70| 6-20 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-------------| 0-8 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 8-12 | 10-15|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .17 | .17 | | |

 | 12-35 | 10-15|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.12-0.15| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .17 | .17 | | |

 | 35-50 | 4-10|1.55-1.65| 6-20 |0.08-0.10| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 50-60 | 4-10|1.60-1.70| 6-20 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

188: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kensett---------------| 0-8 | 24-27|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 2.3-3.9 | 5.0-6.0 | .28 | .28 | 3 | 6 | 48

 | 8-14 | 24-27|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 2.3-3.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 14-21 | 22-29|1.40-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-3.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 21-33 | 14-29|1.60-1.75| 2-6 |0.11-0.13| 0.0-3.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 33 | --- | --- | 2-20 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland----------------| 0-8 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 5.0-7.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-32 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 4.0-5.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 32-40 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 2.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 40-60 | 12-26|1.50-1.65| 0.6-6 |0.13-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Terril----------------| 0-9 | 18-26|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-36 | 18-26|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.5-3.5 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 36-43 | 24-30|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-4.2 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 43-60 | 15-30|1.45-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

203: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Cylinder--------------| 0-8 | 22-27|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.6-3.2 | 4.0-5.0 | .24 | .24 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 8-18 | 22-27|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.6-3.2 | 2.0-3.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 18-34 | 22-30|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 1.6-3.2 | 0.5-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 34-80 | 2-12|1.60-1.70| 20-101 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-0.0 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

221: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Klossner--------------| 0-10 | 0-0 |0.25-0.45| 0.2-6 |0.35-0.45| --- | 20-50 | .32 | .32 | 3 | 2 | 134

 | 10-26 | 0-0 |0.25-0.45| 0.2-6 |0.35-0.45| --- | 20-50 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 26-48 | 7-35|1.45-1.75| 0.2-2 |0.14-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 48-80 | 7-35|1.45-1.75| 0.2-2 |0.14-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-9 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-13 | 15-25|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 13-40 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 40-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 231

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-9 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-13 | 15-25|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 13-40 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 40-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-8 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-38 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 38-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-8 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-38 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 38-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-7 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-10 | 15-25|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 10-36 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 36-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-6 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-9 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 9-38 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 38-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar----------------| 0-7 | 10-18|1.45-1.50| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 5 | 3 | 86

 | 7-14 | 10-16|1.50-1.60| 2-6 |0.15-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 14-21 | 20-24|1.60-1.80| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 21-60 | 18-24|1.60-1.80| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-2.3 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar----------------| 0-8 | 10-18|1.45-1.50| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 5 | 3 | 86

 | 8-14 | 10-18|1.45-1.50| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 14-24 | 10-16|1.50-1.60| 2-6 |0.15-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 24-60 | 18-24|1.60-1.80| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-2.3 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Lester----------------| 0-6 | 15-27|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-9 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 9-27 | 24-35|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 2.3-5.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 27-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-10 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 1.3-3.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 10-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

259: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Biscay----------------| 0-7 | 18-30|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.3-3.2 | 5.5-6.5 | .28 | .28 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 7-20 | 18-30|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.3-3.2 | 4.0-5.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 20-35 | 18-30|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 1.3-3.2 | 0.5-3.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 35-80 | 1-6 |1.55-1.65| 6-20 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .05 | .10 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

274: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Rolfe-----------------| 0-10 | 22-27|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .37 | .37 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 10-21 | 22-27|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.22-0.24| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 21-55 | 38-45|1.40-1.50| 0.06-0.2 |0.11-0.13| 6.0-8.9 | 0.5-1.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 55-80 | 24-35|1.50-1.60| 0.2-2 |0.14-0.16| 2.3-5.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
232 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

308: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena----------------| 0-8 | 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 3.5-4.5 | .24 | .24 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 8-13 | 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 13-34 | 18-27|1.35-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.19| 1.3-3.2 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 34-60 | 1-5 |1.55-1.65| 20-101 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .10 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena----------------| 0-8 | 18-27|1.30-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | 4 | 6 | 48

 | 8-13 | 18-27|1.35-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.19| 1.3-3.2 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 13-34 | 18-27|1.35-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.14-0.19| 1.3-3.2 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 34-60 | 1-5 |1.55-1.65| 20-101 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .10 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

330: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Kingston--------------| 0-9 | 27-32|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-4.8 | 5.0-6.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 9-20 | 27-32|1.20-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.24| 0.0-4.8 | 4.0-5.5 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 20-40 | 18-32|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 0.1-4.2 | 1.5-2.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 40-60 | 18-32|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.20| 0.1-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

338: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Garmore---------------| 0-6 | 22-27|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 1.6-3.2 | 3.5-4.5 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 6-12 | 22-27|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 1.6-3.2 | 3.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 12-20 | 22-30|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 1.6-4.2 | 1.0-2.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 20-57 | 24-30|1.45-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.18| 2.3-4.2 | 0.0-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 57-80 | 22-27|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.16-0.18| 1.6-3.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

339: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Truman----------------| 0-9 | 18-27|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 0.4-3.2 | 3.5-4.5 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 9-22 | 18-27|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 0.4-3.2 | 3.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 22-48 | 18-32|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 0.4-4.8 | 1.0-1.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 48-60 | 18-32|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 0.4-4.8 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Truman----------------| 0-10 | 18-27|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 0.4-2.9 | 3.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 10-18 | 18-27|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.23| 0.4-2.9 | 2.5-3.5 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 18-42 | 18-32|1.30-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.21| 0.4-4.2 | 1.0-1.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 42-60 | 18-32|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 0.4-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Copaston--------------| 0-9 | 12-20|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.0 | 2.5-3.5 | .28 | .28 | 1 | 4L | 86

 | 9-16 | 12-27|1.15-1.20| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.22| 0.0-3.2 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 16 | --- | --- | 2-20 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

354: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Aquolls---------------| 0-40 | --- | --- | 0.6-6 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 3 | 8 | 134

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

485: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville------------| 0-20 | 18-26|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 4.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 20-54 | 18-26|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 54-80 | 14-24|1.55-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.15-0.18| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

506: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta--------------| 0-9 | 27-35|1.20-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 8.0-10 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 9-14 | 27-35|1.20-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 7.0-9.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 14-16 | 24-35|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.3-5.8 | 2.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 16-60 | 18-30|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.4-4.2 | 0.0-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

507: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Canisteo--------------| 0-10 | 27-35|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 5.0-7.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 10-18 | 27-35|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 3.0-5.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 18-39 | 20-35|1.35-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.15-0.19| 3.0-5.8 | 2.0-4.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 39-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 233

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

508: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Calcousta-------------| 0-9 | 27-35|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 8.0-10 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 9-13 | 27-35|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 3.0-5.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 13-25 | 24-32|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.3-4.8 | 2.0-3.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | 25-60 | 22-30|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 2.3-4.2 | 0.0-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

526: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta--------------| 0-7 | 27-35|1.20-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 8.0-10 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 7 | 38

 | 7-14 | 27-35|1.20-1.25| 0.6-2 |0.21-0.23| 3.2-5.8 | 7.0-9.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 14-27 | 24-35|1.25-1.30| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.3-5.8 | 2.0-4.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | 27-60 | 18-30|1.30-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.3-3.2 | 0.0-1.0 | .43 | .43 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Hanlon----------------| 0-8 | 12-18|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .20 | .20 | 5 | 3 | 86

 | 8-39 | 12-18|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 39-57 | 12-18|1.45-1.55| 2-6 |0.16-0.18| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 57-80 | 2-18|1.55-1.70| 2-6 |0.12-0.19| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion---------------| 0-7 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.2-3.2 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 7-16 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 16-35 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.5-1.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 35-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.1-3.2 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-11 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 1.3-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 11-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

659: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Mayer-----------------| 0-9 | 18-30|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.3-4.2 | 4.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 4 | 4L | 86

 | 9-19 | 18-30|1.25-1.35| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 1.3-4.2 | 3.5-5.5 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 19-35 | 22-30|1.45-1.60| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-4.2 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 35-60 | 1-5 |1.55-1.65| 6-20 |0.02-0.04| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-4.0 | .15 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

823: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-------------| 0-8 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 2.0-3.0 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 8-14 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 14-34 | 10-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.07-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 34-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-------------| 0-9 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 9-14 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 14-34 | 10-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.07-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 34-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-------------| 0-8 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .24 | .24 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 8-13 | 10-18|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-1.8 | .24 | .24 | | |

 | 13-33 | 10-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.07-0.09| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .24 | .28 | | |

 | 33-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-0.5 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-----------------| 0-8 | 10-15|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.5-2.5 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 8-33 | 14-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.09-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 33-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-----------------| 0-8 | 10-15|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 3 | 86

 | 8-30 | 14-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.09-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 30-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
234 Soil Survey of

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor-----------------| 0-8 | 10-15|1.50-1.55| 2-6 |0.10-0.12| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-2.0 | .20 | .20 | 4 | 4L | 86

 | 8-30 | 14-18|1.55-1.60| 2-6 |0.09-0.11| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .20 | .20 | | |

 | 30-60 | 2-8 |1.60-1.75| 20-101 |0.01-0.03| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-1.0 | .10 | .15 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-11 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.4-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 11-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.4-2.9 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-11 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.4-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 11-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud----------------| 0-7 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 2.2-3.2 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 48

 | 7-24 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 24-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Storden---------------| 0-7 | 18-27|1.35-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.9 | 1.7-2.7 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 7-10 | 18-30|1.35-1.65| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 1.3-4.2 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 10-80 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud----------------| 0-8 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 0.8-3.2 | .28 | .28 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 8-29 | 18-24|1.40-1.45| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 0.0-2.3 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 29-49 | 24-30|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 2.3-4.2 | 0.5-1.0 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | 49-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.0-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

956: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Harps-----------------| 0-8 | 27-35|1.35-1.40| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 3.2-5.8 | 4.5-5.5 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 4L | 86

 | 8-18 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.1-4.2 | 2.0-3.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 18-44 | 18-32|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.1-4.2 | 1.0-2.0 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 44-60 | 12-22|1.50-1.70| 0.6-2 |0.17-0.19| 0.0-1.6 | 0.1-0.5 | .37 | .37 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji---------------| 0-8 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.0 | 9.0-12 | .32 | .32 | 5 | 4 | 86

 | 8-29 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.21-0.23| 6.0-8.0 | 8.0-10 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 29-52 | 35-42|1.30-1.40| 0.2-0.6 |0.18-0.20| 6.0-8.0 | 7.0-10 | .32 | .32 | | |

 | 52-60 | 25-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.18-0.20| 2.6-5.8 | 1.0-3.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville------------| 0-47 | 18-26|1.45-1.55| 0.6-2 |0.19-0.21| 0.4-2.9 | 2.0-6.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 47-80 | 14-24|1.55-1.70| 0.6-6 |0.15-0.18| 0.0-2.3 | 0.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Coland----------------| 0-39 | 27-35|1.40-1.50| 0.6-2 |0.20-0.22| 3.2-5.8 | 2.0-7.0 | .24 | .24 | 5 | 6 | 48

 | 39-60 | 12-26|1.50-1.65| 0.6-6 |0.13-0.17| 0.0-2.9 | 0.0-2.0 | .28 | .28 | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

4000. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

5010, 5030. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Pits | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

AW. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Animal waste | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

SL. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 235

Table 19.--Physical Properties of the Soils--Continued

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | | | | | |Erosion factors|Wind |Wind

 Map symbol | Depth | Clay | Moist | Permea- |Available| Linear | Organic |_______________|erodi-|erodi-

 and soil name | | | bulk | bility | water |extensi- | matter | | | |bility|bility

 | | | density | |capacity | bility | | Kw | Kf | T |group |index ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | In | Pct | g/cc | In/hr | In/in | Pct | Pct | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | | | | ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
236 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils

(Absence of an entry indicates that data were not

 estimated)

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

6: | | | |

 Okoboji--------------| 0-6 | 41-41 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 6-32 | 41-41 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 32-56 | 41-45 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 56-60 | 30-36 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

27B: | | | |

 Terril---------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 9-36 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 36-50 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 50-60 | 15-25 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-15

 | | | |

54: | | | |

 Zook-----------------| 0-8 | 36-41 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-20 | 36-41 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 20-60 | 36-41 | 5.6-7.8 | 0

 | | | |

55: | | | |

 Nicollet-------------| 0-10 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 10-17 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 17-36 | 15-25 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 36-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

62F: | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-34 | 15-20 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 34-80 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

90: | | | |

 Okoboji--------------| 0-8 | 41-41 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-15

 | 8-20 | 41-45 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 20-40 | 41-45 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 40-60 | 30-36 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

95: | | | |

 Harps----------------| 0-8 | 36-41 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 8-16 | 25-30 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 16-42 | 25-30 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 42-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

107: | | | |

 Webster--------------| 0-8 | 36-41 | 6.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-16 | 36-41 | 6.6-7.3 | 0

 | 16-32 | 35-41 | 6.6-7.8 | 5-10

 | 32-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

135: | | | |

 Coland---------------| 0-8 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 8-32 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 32-40 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 40-60 | 20-30 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-20

 | | | |

138B: | | | |

 Clarion--------------| 0-7 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 7-18 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 18-36 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 36-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 237

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

138C2: | | | |

 Clarion--------------| 0-7 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 7-16 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 16-35 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 35-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

175: | | | |

 Dickinson------------| 0-9 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 9-18 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 18-30 | 15-20 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 30-36 | 5.0-10 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 36-60 | 5.0-10 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | | | |

175B: | | | |

 Dickinson------------| 0-9 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 9-18 | 15-20 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 18-30 | 15-20 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 30-36 | 5.0-10 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 36-60 | 5.0-10 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | | | |

175C: | | | |

 Dickinson------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-12 | 15-20 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 12-35 | 15-20 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 35-50 | 5.0-10 | 5.1-6.5 | 0

 | 50-60 | 5.0-10 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | | | |

188: | | | |

 Kensett--------------| 0-8 | 25-30 | 6.1-7.3 | ---

 | 8-14 | 25-30 | 6.1-7.3 | ---

 | 14-21 | 25-30 | 6.1-6.5 | ---

 | 21-33 | 15-30 | 6.1-6.5 | ---

 | 33 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

201B: | | | |

 Coland---------------| 0-8 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 8-32 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 32-40 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 40-60 | 20-30 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-20

 | | | |

 Terril---------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 9-36 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 36-43 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 43-60 | 15-25 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-15

 | | | |

203: | | | |

 Cylinder-------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-18 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 18-34 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 34-80 | 5.0-10 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

221: | | | |

 Klossner-------------| 0-10 | 65-65 | 5.1-7.4 | 0

 | 10-26 | 65-65 | 5.1-7.4 | 0

 | 26-48 | 2.0-15 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-30

 | 48-80 | 2.0-15 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-30

 | | | |

236B: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 9-13 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 13-40 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 40-80 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |
238 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

236C: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 9-13 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 13-40 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 40-80 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

236C2: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-38 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 38-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

236D2: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-38 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 38-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

236E: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-7 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 7-10 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 10-36 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 36-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

236F: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-6 | 20-25 | 5.6-6.5 | 0

 | 6-9 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 9-38 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 38-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

253B: | | | |

 Farrar---------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 7-14 | 15-20 | 5.6-6.5 | 0

 | 14-21 | 15-20 | --- | 0-25

 | 21-60 | 15-20 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

253C: | | | |

 Farrar---------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-14 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 14-24 | 15-20 | 5.6-6.5 | 0

 | 24-60 | 15-20 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

256G: | | | |

 Lester---------------| 0-6 | 15-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 6-9 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 9-27 | 10-23 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 27-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-10 | 7.0-18 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 10-80 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

259: | | | |

 Biscay---------------| 0-7 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.4 | 0-15

 | 7-20 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.4 | 0-15

 | 20-35 | 12-25 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 35-80 | 1.0-5.0 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

274: | | | |

 Rolfe----------------| 0-10 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 10-21 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 21-55 | 20-30 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 55-80 | 20-25 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 239

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

308: | | | |

 Wadena---------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 8-13 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 13-34 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 34-60 | 0.0-5.0 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-15

 | | | |

308B: | | | |

 Wadena---------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 8-13 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 13-34 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 34-60 | 0.0-5.0 | 6.6-8.4 | 0-15

 | | | |

330: | | | |

 Kingston-------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 9-20 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 20-40 | --- | 5.6-7.8 | ---

 | 40-60 | --- | 7.4-8.4 | ---

 | | | |

338: | | | |

 Garmore--------------| 0-6 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 6-12 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 12-20 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.3 | 0

 | 20-57 | 20-25 | 5.1-7.8 | 0-15

 | 57-80 | 20-25 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | | | |

339: | | | |

 Truman---------------| 0-9 | 25-30 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 9-22 | 25-30 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 22-48 | --- | 5.6-7.8 | ---

 | 48-60 | --- | 7.4-8.4 | ---

 | | | |

339B: | | | |

 Truman---------------| 0-10 | 25-30 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 10-18 | 25-30 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 18-42 | --- | 5.6-7.8 | ---

 | 42-60 | --- | 7.4-8.4 | ---

 | | | |

344B: | | | |

 Copaston-------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 6.1-8.4 | ---

 | 9-16 | 20-25 | 6.1-8.4 | 0-25

 | 16 | --- | --- | ---

 | | | |

354. | | | |

 Aquolls | | | |

 | | | |

485: | | | |

 Spillville-----------| 0-20 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 20-54 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 54-80 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | | | |

506: | | | |

 Wacousta-------------| 0-9 | 41-41 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-15

 | 9-14 | 41-41 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-15

 | 14-16 | 30-35 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 16-60 | 25-30 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

507: | | | |

 Canisteo-------------| 0-10 | 36-41 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-15

 | 10-18 | 36-41 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-15

 | 18-39 | 12-29 | 7.6-8.4 | 12-18

 | 39-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |
240 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

508: | | | |

 Calcousta------------| 0-9 | 27-34 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 9-13 | 27-34 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 13-25 | 25-30 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 25-60 | 25-30 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

526: | | | |

 Wacousta-------------| 0-7 | 41-41 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-15

 | 7-14 | 41-41 | 6.1-7.3 | 0-15

 | 14-27 | 30-35 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 27-60 | 25-30 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

536: | | | |

 Hanlon---------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 8-39 | 15-20 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 39-57 | 10-15 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 57-80 | 5.0-10 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | | | |

638C2: | | | |

 Clarion--------------| 0-7 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 7-16 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 16-35 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 35-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-11 | 7.0-18 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 11-80 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

659: | | | |

 Mayer----------------| 0-9 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 9-19 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 19-35 | 20-25 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 35-60 | --- | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

823: | | | |

 Ridgeport------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-14 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 14-34 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 34-60 | 5.0-10 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

823B: | | | |

 Ridgeport------------| 0-9 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 9-14 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 14-34 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 34-60 | 5.0-10 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

823C2: | | | |

 Ridgeport------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 8-13 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 13-33 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | ---

 | 33-60 | 5.0-10 | 7.4-8.4 | 0-25

 | | | |

828B: | | | |

 Zenor----------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-33 | 15-20 | 6.1-8.4 | 0

 | 33-60 | 3.0-10 | 7.9-8.4 | 0-10

 | | | |

828C2: | | | |

 Zenor----------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-30 | 15-20 | 6.1-8.4 | 0

 | 30-60 | 3.0-10 | 7.9-8.4 | 0-10

 | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 241

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate __________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

829D2: | | | |

 Zenor----------------| 0-8 | 15-20 | 5.6-8.4 | 0

 | 8-30 | 15-20 | 6.1-8.4 | 0

 | 30-60 | 3.0-10 | 7.9-8.4 | 0-10

 | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-11 | 7.0-18 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 11-80 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

835D2: | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-11 | 7.0-18 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | 11-80 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

 Omsrud---------------| 0-7 | 15-25 | 5.6-8.4 | 0

 | 7-24 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 24-60 | 20-25 | 7.6-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

835E2: | | | |

 Storden--------------| 0-7 | 15-20 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 7-10 | 7.0-18 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | 10-80 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

 Omsrud---------------| 0-8 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 8-29 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 29-49 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 49-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

956: | | | |

 Harps----------------| 0-8 | 36-41 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 8-18 | 25-30 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 18-44 | 25-30 | 7.9-8.4 | 20-30

 | 44-60 | 20-25 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

 Okoboji--------------| 0-8 | 41-41 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 8-29 | 41-41 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 29-52 | 41-45 | 6.6-7.8 | 0-15

 | 52-60 | 30-36 | 7.4-8.4 | 5-30

 | | | |

1585: | | | |

 Spillville-----------| 0-47 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | 47-80 | 20-25 | 5.6-7.3 | 0

 | | | |

 Coland---------------| 0-39 | 30-36 | 6.1-7.3 | 0

 | 39-60 | 20-30 | 6.1-7.8 | 0-20

 | | | |

4000. | | | |

 Urban land | | | |

 | | | |

5010, 5030. | | | |

 Pits | | | |

 | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | |

 Udorthents | | | |

 | | | |

AW. | | | |

 Animal waste | | | |

 | | | |

SL. | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | |

 | | | |
242 Soil Survey of

Table 20.--Chemical Properties of the Soils--Continued

__________________________________________________________

 | | | |

 Map symbol | Depth | Cation- | Soil |Calcium

 and soil name | |exchange |reaction |carbon-

 | |capacity | | ate _________________________________________________________

 | In |meq/100 g| pH | Pct

 | | | |

W. | | | |

 Water | | | |

 | | | | __________________________________________________________
Humboldt County, Iowa 243

Table 21.--Water Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Estimates of the frequency of ponding and flooding apply to

 the whole year rather than to individual months. Absence of an entry indicates that the feature is not a concern

 or that data were not estimated)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

6: | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | | | | |

 Terril--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

54: | | | | | | | | |

 Zook----------------------| C/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Long | Occasional

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
244 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

55: | | | | | | | | |

 Nicollet------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

90: | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

95: | | | | | | | | |

 Harps---------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

107: | | | | | | | | |

 Webster-------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 245

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

135: | | | | | | | | |

 Coland--------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

175: | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | | | | |

 Dickinson-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
246 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

188: | | | | | | | | |

 Kensett-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | | | | |

 Coland--------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Brief | Occasional

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Terril--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

203: | | | | | | | | |

 Cylinder------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 247

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

221: | | | | | | | | |

 Klossner------------------| A/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | | | | |

 Farrar--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | | | | |

 Lester--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
248 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

259: | | | | | | | | |

 Biscay--------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

274: | | | | | | | | |

 Rolfe---------------------| C | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

308: | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | | | | |

 Wadena--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

330: | | | | | | | | |

 Kingston------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 249

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

338: | | | | | | | | |

 Garmore-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

339: | | | | | | | | |

 Truman--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | | | | |

 Truman--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | | | | |

 Copaston------------------| D | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

354: | | | | | | | | |

 Aquolls-------------------| --- | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

485: | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |August |3.5-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |September |3.5-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |October |3.5-5.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
250 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

506: | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

507: | | | | | | | | |

 Canisteo------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

508: | | | | | | | | |

 Calcousta-----------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

526: | | | | | | | | |

 Wacousta------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 251

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | | | |

 Hanlon--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |August | 5.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |September | 5.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |October | 5.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Occasional

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | | | | |

 Clarion-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October | 6.0 | >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |4.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

659: | | | | | | | | |

 Mayer---------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

823: | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport-----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
252 Soil Survey of

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | | | | |

 Zenor---------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | | | | |

 Storden-------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Omsrud--------------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |Jan-Dec | --- | --- | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

956: | | | | | | | | |

 Harps---------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Okoboji-------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 |0.0-1.0| Long | Frequent | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 253

Table 21.--Water Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Water table | Ponding | Flooding _______________________________________________________________________

 Map symbol |Hydro-| Month | Upper | Lower |Surface| Duration |Frequency | Duration | Frequency

 and soil name |logic | | limit | limit | water | | | |

 |group | | | | depth | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | | Ft | Ft | Ft | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | | | | |

 Spillville----------------| B | | | | | | | |

 | |January |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |March |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |April |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |May |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |June |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |July |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |August |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |September |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |October |3.5-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |November |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |December |1.0-3.5| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

 Coland--------------------| B/D | | | | | | | |

 | |January |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | |February |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |March |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |April |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |May |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |June |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |July |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |August |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |September |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |October |0.0-6.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |November |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | Very brief | Frequent

 | |December |0.0-1.0| >6.0 | --- | --- | None | --- | None

 | | | | | | | | |

4000. | | | | | | | | |

 Urban land | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

5010, 5030. | | | | | | | | |

 Pits | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | | | | | | |

 Udorthents | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

AW. | | | | | | | | |

 Animal waste | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

SL. | | | | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
254 Soil Survey of

Table 22.--Soil Features

(See text for definitions of terms used in this table. Absence of an entry indicates that the feature

 is not a concern or that data were not estimated)

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Subsidence | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |_________________________|_______________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top |Initial| Total |frost action| steel | Concrete _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | In | | |

 | | | | | | |

6: | | | | | | |

 Okoboji------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

27B: | | | | | | |

 Terril-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

54: | | | | | | |

 Zook---------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

55: | | | | | | |

 Nicollet-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

62F: | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

90: | | | | | | |

 Okoboji------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

95: | | | | | | |

 Harps--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

107: | | | | | | |

 Webster------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

135: | | | | | | |

 Coland-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

138B: | | | | | | |

 Clarion------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

138C2: | | | | | | |

 Clarion------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

175: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

175B: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

175C: | | | | | | |

 Dickinson----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

188: | | | | | | |

 Kensett------------|Bedrock (lithic) | 24-40 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

201B: | | | | | | |

 Coland-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Terril-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

203: | | | | | | |

 Cylinder-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

221: | | | | | | |

 Klossner-----------| --- | >80 | 2-4 | 25-32 |High--------|High--------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

236B: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 255

Table 22.--Soil Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Subsidence | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |_________________________|_______________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top |Initial| Total |frost action| steel | Concrete _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | In | | |

 | | | | | | |

236C: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

236C2: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

236D2: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

236E: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

236F: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

253B: | | | | | | |

 Farrar-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

253C: | | | | | | |

 Farrar-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

256G: | | | | | | |

 Lester-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

259: | | | | | | |

 Biscay-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

274: | | | | | | |

 Rolfe--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

308: | | | | | | |

 Wadena-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

308B: | | | | | | |

 Wadena-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

330: | | | | | | |

 Kingston-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

338: | | | | | | |

 Garmore------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|Moderate----|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

339: | | | | | | |

 Truman-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

339B: | | | | | | |

 Truman-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

344B: | | | | | | |

 Copaston-----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 4-20 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

354. | | | | | | |

 Aquolls | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

485: | | | | | | |

 Spillville---------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|High--------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

506: | | | | | | |

 Wacousta-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |
256 Soil Survey of

Table 22.--Soil Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Subsidence | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |_________________________|_______________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top |Initial| Total |frost action| steel | Concrete _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | In | | |

 | | | | | | |

507: | | | | | | |

 Canisteo-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

508: | | | | | | |

 Calcousta----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

526: | | | | | | |

 Wacousta-----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

536: | | | | | | |

 Hanlon-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Moderate----|Low.

 | | | | | | |

638C2: | | | | | | |

 Clarion------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

659: | | | | | | |

 Mayer--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

823: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

823B: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

823C2: | | | | | | |

 Ridgeport----------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

828B: | | | | | | |

 Zenor--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

828C2: | | | | | | |

 Zenor--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

829D2: | | | | | | |

 Zenor--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Low---------|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

835D2: | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Omsrud-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

835E2: | | | | | | |

 Storden------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Omsrud-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|Low---------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

956: | | | | | | |

 Harps--------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

 Okoboji------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

1585: | | | | | | |

 Spillville---------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |Moderate----|High--------|Moderate.

 | | | | | | |

 Coland-------------| --- | >80 | --- | --- |High--------|High--------|Low.

 | | | | | | |

4000. | | | | | | |

 Urban land | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |
Humboldt County, Iowa 257

Table 22.--Soil Features--Continued

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | Restrictive layer | Subsidence | | Risk of corrosion

 Map symbol |_________________________|_______________| Potential |_________________________

 and soil name | | Depth | | | for | Uncoated |

 | Kind |to top |Initial| Total |frost action| steel | Concrete _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

 | | In | In | In | | |

 | | | | | | |

5010. | | | | | | |

 Pits, gravel | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

5030: | | | | | | |

 Pits, limestone | | | | | | |

 quarries----------|Bedrock (lithic) | 0-4 | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---

 | | | | | | |

5040, 5080. | | | | | | |

 Udorthents | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

AW. | | | | | | |

 Animal waste | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

SL. | | | | | | |

 Sewage lagoon | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | |

W. | | | | | | |

 Water | | | | | | |

 | | | | | | | _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
258

Table 23.--Classification of the Soils

(An asterisk in the first column indicates a taxadjunct. See text for a description of those characteristics that are

 outside the range of the series)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Soil name | Family or higher taxonomic class

 | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 |

 Aquolls------------------|Aquolls

 Biscay-------------------|Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Calcousta----------------|Fine-silty, mixed (calcareous), superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Canisteo-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed (calcareous), superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

*Clarion------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Coland-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls

 Copaston-----------------|Loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Lithic Hapludolls

 Cylinder-----------------|Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludolls

 Dickinson----------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

*Farrar-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Garmore------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Hanlon-------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls

 Harps--------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Calciaquolls

 Kensett------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludolls

 Kingston-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludolls

 Klossner-----------------|Loamy, mixed, euic, mesic Terric Medisaprists

 Lester-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Mollic Hapludalfs

 Mayer--------------------|Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed (calcareous), superactive, mesic Typic

 | Endoaquolls

 Nicollet-----------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Hapludolls

 Okoboji------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Cumulic Vertic Endoaquolls

*Omsrud-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

*Ridgeport----------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Rolfe--------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Typic Argialbolls

 Spillville---------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls

 Storden------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Eutrudepts

 Terril-------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Hapludolls

 Truman-------------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Udorthents---------------|Udorthents

 Wacousta-----------------|Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

 Wadena-------------------|Fine-loamy over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Webster------------------|Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls

*Zenor--------------------|Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludolls

 Zook---------------------|Fine, smectitic, mesic Cumulic Vertic Endoaquolls

 | __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________